Opening doors
Subtitle: gender equality and development in the Middle East North Africa
By: The World Bank
Series: MENA development report
Publisher: World Bank
Published: 2013
Place of publication: Washington, DC
Language: eng
Number of pages: 187
ISBN-13: 9780821397633; 9780821397640
Subjects: Sex discrimination against women; Women's rights; Legal status, laws; Women
Notes: Includes bibliographical references and index.
Table of contents: title: Acknowledgements; title: Foreword; title: Acronyms and abbreviations; title: Executive summary; title: Gender equality in MENA : the facts and the puzzle; title: Impressive achievements in human development; title: Little discrimination between girls and boys within the household; title: Of the lowest rates of excess female mortality in the world; title: Rapid declines in maternal mortality; title: More girls in school than in much of the world; title: Virtually no gender gaps in enrolment, and reverse gender gaps in university, and math performance; title: MENA's performance in human development is largely explained by economic development and wealth; title: Some challenges remain; title: The puzzle in MENA : why do women participate in such few numbers outside the home?; title: Women in the workforce; title: Women in business; title: Women in politics; title: What explains the mena puzzle?; title: Religion is too simplistic an explanation; title: Oil endowments alone cannot explain the paradox either; title: Social norms and the legal framework limit women's agency; title: Social and cultural norms constrain women's roles outside the home; title: Evolving norms and the invisible hand of marriage; title: Equality under the law and its enforcement is critical for women's agency; title: Legal systems differ widely and derive from multiple sources; title: Legal constraints to women's agency in MENA; title: Economic incentives dampen participation in the workforce; title: A social contract underpinned by a generous but costly welfare state; title: Extensive public sector employment with generous compensation; title: Generous subsidies encourage women to stay at home; title: State regulation and intervention in the market; title: Heavy investment in education, but not the kind that businesses want; title: Unequal access to entrepreneurship opportunities; title: The time for reform is now; title: Aspirations are changing; title: As education levels increase, female labor force participation will likely increase; title: A demographic gift?; title: The social contract is no longer sustainable; title: Opening the door to women : policy directions; title: A roadmap for reform; title: Policies to address the region's challenges; title: Closing the remaining gender gaps in human deelopment; title: Expanding economic opportunities for women; title: Closing gender gaps in voice and agency; title: Supporting evidence-based policy making; title: References; title: Technical annex; title: Appendix 1.