Clinical practice of the dental hygienist
By: Esther M. Wilkins.
Edition: 10th ed.
Publisher: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Published: 2009
Place of publication: Philadelphia
Language: eng
Number of pages: 1197
ISBN-13: 9780781763226
Subjects: Dental hygiene; Dental Prophylaxis -- Outlines; Dental Hygienists -- Outlines
Genres: Outlines
Other titles: Dental hygienist
Description: From the Publisher:  The cornerstone text of almost every dental hygienists library is now in its thoroughly updated Tenth Edition. Written in a straightforward, concise outline format, this text equips both students and practitioners with the clinical and educational skills needed for successful practice. Features include full-color artwork and photographs, case-based exercises, procedure boxes, and ethics boxes. The Tenth Edition presents the latest technical advances and research findings and includes a new chapter on teeth whitening.
Notes: Includes bibliographical references and index.
Table of contents: title: Section 1:  Orientation To Clinical Dental Hygiene Practice; title: 1:  Professional dental hygienist; title: Roles of dental hygiene; title: Dental hygiene care; title: Types of services; title: Dental hygiene process of care; title: Cultural considerations; title: Dental hygiene ethics; title: Code of ethics; title: Core values; title: Ethical applications; title: Legal factors in practice; title: Personal factors in practice; title: Special practice areas; title: Objectives for professional practice; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: Section 2:  Preparation For Dental Hygiene Practice; title: 2:  Infection control:  transmissible diseases; title: Standard precautions; title: Microorganisms of the oral cavity; title: Infectious process; title: Airborne infection; title: Pathogens transmissible by the oral cavity; title: Tuberculosis; title: Viral hepatitis; title: Hepatitis A; title: Hepatitis B; title: Prevention of hepatitis B; title: Hepatitis C; title: Hepatitis D; title: Hepatitis E; title: Herpesvirus diseases; title: HHVI herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSVI); title: HHV2 herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV2); title: Clinical management; title: HHV3 varicella-zoster virus (VZV); title: HHV4 Epstein-Barr virus (EBV); title: HHV5 cytomegalovirus (HCMV); title: HHV6 herpes lymphotrophic virus (HLV); title: HHV7 human herpes virus 7 (HHV7); title: HHV8 Kapsi's sarcoma related virus (KSRV); title: HIV-1 infection; title: Life cycle of the HIV-1; title: HIV-1 classification system for adolescents and adults; title: Clinical course of HIV-1 infection; title: Oral manifestations of HIV-1 infection; title: HIV-1 infection in children; title: Prevention of HIV-1 infection; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 3:  Exposure control:  barriers for patient and clinician; title: Personal protection of the dental team; title: Immunizations and periodic tests; title: Clinical attire; title: Use of face mask:  respiratory protection; title: Use of protective eyewear; title: Hand care; title: Handwashing principles; title: Methods of hand washing; title: Gloves and gloving; title: Latex hypersensitivity; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 4:  Infection control:  clinical procedures; title: Treatment room features; title: Instrument processing center; title: Cleaning procedures; title: Packaging step; title: Sterilization; title: Moist heat:  steam under pressure; title: Dry heat; title: Chemical vapor sterilizer; title: Care of sterile instruments; title: Chemical disinfectants; title: Recommended chemical disinfectants; title: Chemical sterilants (immersion); title: Preparation of the treatment room; title: Patient preparation; title: Summary of standard procedures for the prevention of disease transmission; title: Occupational accidental exposure management; title: Disposal of waste; title: Supplemental recommendations; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 5:  Patient reception and ergonomic practice; title: Position of the patient; title: Position of the clinician; title: Neutral working posture; title: Treatment area; title: Ergonomic practice; title: Self-care for the dental hygienist; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: Suggested readings; title: Section 3:  Assessment; title: 6:  Documentation; title: Patient record; title: Privacy of patient records; title: Examination procedures; title: Tooth numbering systems; title: Charting; title: Dental records; title: Periodontal records; title: Care plan records; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 7:  Personal, dental, and medical histories; title: History preparation; title: Questionnaire; title: Interview; title: Items included in the history; title: Immediate applications of patient histories; title: American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines; title: Prophylaxis for dental and dental hygiene procedures; title: ASA determination; title: Review of history; title: Records; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 8:  Vital signs; title: Body temperature; title: Pulse; title: Respiration; title: Blood pressure; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 9:  Dental radiographic imaging; title: How X-Rays are produced; title: Digital radiography; title: Characteristics of an acceptable radiographic image; title: Factors that influence the finished radiograph; title: Exposure to radiation; title: Risk of injury from radiation; title: Rules for radiation protection; title: Protection of clinician; title: Protection of patient; title: Clinical applications; title: Procedures for film placement and angulation of ray; title: Film selection for intraoral surveys; title: Definitions and principles; title: Periapical survey:  paralleling technique; title: Bitewing survey; title: Peripical survey:  bisecting-angle technique; title: Occlusal survey; title: Panoramic radiographic images; title: Paraclinical procedures; title: Infection control; title: Film processing; title: Essentials of an adequate darkroom; title: Lighting; title: Automated processing; title: Manual processing; title: Analysis of completed radiographs; title: Record keeping; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 10:  Extraoral and intraoral examination; title: Objectives; title: Components of examination; title: Sequence of examination; title: Documentation of findings; title: Morphologic categories; title: Oral cancer; title: Procedure for follow-up of a suspicious lesion; title: Exfoliative cytology; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 11:  Study casts; title: Clinical preparation; title: Interocclusal record; title: Preparation of impression trays; title: Impression material; title: Mandibular impression; title: Maxillary impression; title: Disinfection of impressions; title: Paraclinical procedures; title: Mixing the stone; title: Pouring the cast; title: Trimming the casts; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 12:  Gingiva; title: Objectives; title: Treatment area; title: Gingiva and related structures; title: Recognition of gingival and periodontal infections; title: Gingival examination; title: Gingiva of young children; title: Gingiva after periodontal surgery; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 13:  Examination instruments and procedures; title: Mouth mirror; title: Instruments for application of air; title: Probe; title: Guide to probing; title: Probing procedures; title: Clinical attachment level; title: Furcation examination; title: Mucogingival examination; title: Basic procedures for use of explorers; title: Explorers:  Supragingival procedures; title: Explorers:  Subgingival procedures; title: Record findings; title: Mobility examination; title: Fremitus; title: Radiographic examination; title: Radiographic changes in periodontal infections; title: Early periodontal disease; title: Other radiographic findings; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested reading; title: 14:  Periodontal disease development; title: Development of gingival and periodontal infections; title: Gingival and periodontal pockets; title: Tooth surface pocket wall; title: Complications of pocket formation; title: Local contributing factors in disease development; title: Self cleansing mechanisms; title: Risk factors for periodontal diseases; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested reading; title: 15:  Teeth; title: Dentitions; title: Dental caries; title: Enamel caries; title: Early childhood caries; title: Root caries; title: Noncarious dental lesions; title: Enamel hypoplasia; title: Attrition; title: Erosion; title: Abrasion; title: Fractures of teeth; title: Clinical examination of the teeth; title: Recognition of carious lesions; title: Testing for pulpal vitality; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 16:  Occlusion; title: Static occlusion; title: Determination of the classification of malocclusion; title: Occlusion of the primary teeth; title: Functional occlusion; title: Trauma from occlusion; title: Recommendations for the patient with orthodontic needs; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 17:  Dental biofilm and other soft deposits; title: Acquired pellicle; title: Dental biofilm; title: Composition of dental biofilm; title: Clinical aspects; title: Significance of dental biofim; title: Dental caries; title: Effect of diet on biofilm; title: Periodontal infections; title: Materia Alba; title: Food debris; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 18:  Calculus; title: Classification and distribution of calculus; title: Composition; title: Calculus formation; title: Attachment of calculus; title: Significance of dental calculus; title: Clinical characteristics; title: Prevention of calculus; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 19:  Dental stains and discolorations; title: Significance; title: Extrinsic stains; title: Endogenous intrinsic stains; title: Exogenous intrinsic stains; title: Records; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 20:  Indices and scoring methods; title: Types of scoring methods; title: Indices that measure oral hygiene status; title: Indices that measure gingical and periodontal health; title: Indices that measure dental caries experience; title: Indices that measure dental fluorosis; title: Indices useful for community-based oral health surveillance; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: Section 4:  Dental Hygiene Diagnosis Care Planning; title: 21:  Planning for dental hygiene care; title: Assessment findings; title: Periodontal diagnosis; title: Dental hygiene diagnosis; title: Dental hygiene prognosis; title: Considerations for providing care; title: Dental hygiene care plan; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 22:  Dental hygiene care plan; title: Preparation of a dental hygiene care plan; title: Components of a written care plan; title: Sequencing and prioritizing patient care; title: Presenting the dental hygiene care plan; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: Section 5:  Prevention; title: 23:  Health promotion and disease prevention; title: Steps in a preventive program; title: Patient counseling; title: Motivation; title: Learning process; title: Individual patient planning; title: Presentation, demonstration, practice; title: Preschool child; title: Teaching system; title: Evaluation of teaching aids; title: Use of disclosing agents; title: Technical hints for disclosing agents; title: Xerostomia; title: Halitosis; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 24:  Protocols for prevention and control of dental caries; title: Dental caries diagnosis and detection; title: Selective care planning; title: Protocol for remineralization; title: Maintenance care planning; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 25:  Oral infection control:  toothbrushes and toothbrushing; title: Development of toothbrushes; title: Manual toothbrushes; title: Toothbrush selection for the patient; title: Guidelines for manual toothbrushing; title: Methods for manual toothbrushing; title: Bass method:  sulcular brushing; title: Roll or rolling stroke method; title: Stillman method; title: Modified Stillman; title: Charters method; title: Other toothbrushing methods; title: Power toothbrushes; title: Supplemental brushing; title: Toothbrushing for special conditions; title: Effects of toothbrushing; title: Care of toothbrushes; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 26:  Interdental care; title: Interdental area; title: Planning interdental care; title: Selective interdental biofilm removal; title: Dental floss and tape; title: Tufted dental floss; title: Knitting yarn; title: Gauze strip; title: Interdental brushes; title: Single-tuft brush (end-tuft, unituft); title: Interdental tip; title: Toothpick in holder; title: Wooden interdental cleaner; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 27:  Dentifrices, mouth rinses, and irrigation; title: Chemotherapeutics; title: Dentifrices; title: Preventive and therapeutic benefits of dentifrices; title: Cosmetic effects of dentifrices; title: Basic components of dentifrices; title: Selection of dentifrice; title: Mouth rinses; title: Purposes and uses of mouth rinses; title: Preventive and therapeutic agents of mouth rinses; title: Commercial mouthwash ingredients; title: Procedure for rinsing; title: Oral irrigation; title: Beneficial effects from irrigation; title: Description of irrigators; title: Delivery methods; title: Applications for practice; title: Food and Drug Administration (FDA):  the regulatory agency for oral care products American Dental Association (ADA) seal of acceptance program; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 28:  Patient with orthodontic appliances; title: Cemented bands and bonded brackets; title: Clinical procedures for bonding; title: Dental hygiene care; title: Completion of therapy; title: Clinical procedures for debanding; title: Clinical procedures for debonding; title: Post-debonding evaluation; title: Retention; title: Post-debonding preventive care; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 29:  Care of dental prostheses; title: Missing teeth; title: Fixed partial dentures; title: Care procedures for fixed prostheses; title: Removable partial denture prostheses; title: Self care procedures for removable partial prostheses; title: Complete denture prostheses; title: Self cleaning the complete denture prostheses; title: Underlying mucosa; title: Complete overdenture prostheses; title: Dental hygiene care and instruction; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 30:  Patient with dental implants; title: Types of dental implants; title: Endosseous implant; title: Implant interfaces; title: Preparation and placement; title: Periimplant hygiene; title: Maintenance; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 31:  Patient who uses tobacco; title: Health hazards; title: Components of tobacco products; title: Metabolism of nicotine; title: Systemic effects; title: Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS); title: Prenatal and children; title: Oral manifestations of tobacco use; title: Tobacco and periodontal infections; title: Nicotine addiction; title: Treatment; title: Pharmacotherapies used for treatment of nicotine addiction; title: Nicotine-free therapy; title: Dental hygiene care for the patient who uses tobacco assessment; title: Clinical treatment procedures; title: Tobacco cessation program; title: 5 A's; title: Team approach; title: Advocacy; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 32:  Diet and dietary analysis; title: Nutrient standards for diet adequacy in health promotion; title: Oral health relationships; title: Dietary assessment; title: Preparation for additional counseling; title: Counseling procedures; title: Evaluation of progress; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 33:  Fluorides; title: Fluoride metabolism; title: Fluoride and tooth development; title: Tooth surface fluoride; title: Demineralization-remineralization; title: Fluoridation; title: Effects and benefits of fluoridation; title: Partial defluoridation; title: School fluoridation; title: Discontinued fluoridation; title: Fluorides in foods; title: Dietary fluoride supplements; title: Clinical procedures professional topical fluoride; title: Self-applied fluorides; title: Tray technique:  home application; title: Fluoride mouthrinses; title: Brush-on gel; title: Fluoride dentifrices; title: Combined fluoride program; title: Fluoride safety; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 34:  Sealants; title: Development of sealants; title: How sealants work; title: Sealant materials; title: Indications for sealant placement; title: Clinical procedures; title: Penetration of sealant; title: Maintenance; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: Section 6:  Treatment; title: 35:  Anxiety and pain control; title: Components of pain; title: Nonopioid analgesics; title: Nitrous oxide-oxygen sedation; title: Characteristics of nitrous oxide; title: Equipment for nitrous oxide-oxygen; title: Patient selection; title: Clinical procedures for nitrous oxide-oxygen administration; title: Potential hazards of occupational exposure; title: Advantages and disadvantages of conscious sedation anesthesia; title: Local anesthesia; title: Pharmacology of local anesthetics; title: Indications for local anesthesia; title: Patient assessment; title: Armamentarium for local anesthesia; title: Clinical procedures for local anesthetic administration; title: Potential adverse reactions to local anesthesia procedures; title: Advantages and disadvantages of local anesthesia; title: Noninjectable anesthesia; title: Topical anesthesia; title: Application of topical anesthetic; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 36:  Instruments and principles for instrumentation; title: Instrument identification; title: Instrument parts; title: Instrument features; title: Treatment instruments; title: Principles for instrument use; title: Instrument grasp; title: Neutral positions; title: Fulcrum:  finger rest; title: Adaptation; title: Angulation; title: Lateral pressure; title: Activation:  stroke; title: Visibility and accessibility; title: Dexterity development; title: Prevention of cumulative trauma; title: Instrument sharpening; title: Some basic sharpening principles; title: Sharpening curets and scalers; title: Moving flat stone:  stationary instrument; title: Stationary flat stone:  moving instrument; title: Sharpening cone; title: Mandrel-mounted stones; title: Sharpening the file scaler; title: Sharpening the hoe scaler; title: Sharpening the chisel scaler; title: Sharpening explorers; title: Care of sharpening equipment; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 37:  Nonsurgical periodontal instrumentation; title: Scope of nonsurgical therapy; title: Preparation of the clinician; title: Focus of treatment; title: Aims and expected outcomes; title: Care plan for instrumentation; title: Overall appointment systems; title: Preparation for instrumentation; title: Calculus removal; title: Manual subgingival scaling steps; title: Ultrasonic and sonic sealing; title: Mode of action; title: Ultrasonic scaling devices; title: Sonic sealing device; title: Purposes and uses of power-driven scalers; title: Instrument tip design; title: Clinical preparation; title: Instrumentation; title: Overhanging restorations; title: Completion of initial therapy; title: Effects of nonsurgical instrumentation; title: Follow-up evaluation; title: Instrument maintenance; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 38:  Nonsurgical periodontal therapy:  supplemental care procedures; title: Nonsurgical periodontal therapy; title: Advanced instrumentation; title: Antimicrobial treatment; title: Systemic; title: Professional subgingival irrigation; title: Local delivery of antimicrobials; title: Tetracycline fiber; title: Doxycycline polymer; title: Minocycline hydrochloride; title: Chlorhexidine chip; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 39:  Acute periodontal conditions; title: Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis/periodontitis; title: Types of necrotizing periodontal conditions; title: Clinical recognition; title: Risk factors; title: Etiology; title: Dental hygience care; title: Care for the acute stage; title: Periodontal abscess; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 40:  Sutures and dressings; title: Sutures; title: Needles; title: Knots; title: Procedure for suture removal; title: Periodontal dressings; title: Types of dressings; title: Clinical application; title: Dressing removal and replacement; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 41:  Dentin hypersensitivity; title: Hypersensitivity defined; title: Etiology of dentin hypersensitivity; title: Natural desensitization; title: Patients and their pain; title: Differential diagnosis; title: Hypersensitivity management; title: Oral hygiene care and treatment interventions; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 42:  Extrinsic stain removal; title: Purpose of stain removal; title: Effects of cleaning and polishing; title: Precautions; title: Indications for stain removal; title: Clinical application of selective stain removal; title: Cleaning and polishing agents; title: Clinical applications; title: Procedures for stain removal (coronal polishing); title: Porte polisher; title: Power-driven instruments; title: Use of the prophylaxis angle; title: Polishing proximal surfaces; title: Air-powder polishing; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 43:  Tooth whitening; title: History; title: Discolorations/stains; title: Types of tooth whitening; title: Treatment materials; title: Process whitening; title: Patient selection; title: Patient preparation; title: Side effects of whitening; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: Evaluation; title: Section 7:  Evaluation And Maintenance; title: 44:  Evaluation and maintenance; title: Principles of evaluation; title: Maintenance; title: Maintenance appointment procedures; title: Recurrence of periodontal disease; title: Administration methods; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: Section 8:  Patients With Special Needs; title: 45:  Pregnant patient; title: Fetal development; title: Oral findings during pregnancy; title: Aspects of patient care; title: Dental hygiene care; title: Patient instruction; title: Special problems for referral; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 46:  Pediatric oral health care:  infancy through age 5; title: Access to parents by health professionals; title: First contact with parent and child; title: Risk factors for caries and gingivitis; title: Anticipatory guidance for parents, caregivers, and providers; title: Oral health considerations for infants; title: Oral health considerations for toddlers and preschoolers; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the parents; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 47:  Patient with a cleft lip and/or palate; title: Classification of clefts; title: Etiology; title: Oral characteristics; title: General physical characteristics; title: Treatment; title: Dental hygiene care; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 48:  Preadolescent to postmenopausal patients; title: Adolescence and puberty; title: Oral conditions; title: Dental hygiene care; title: Menstruation; title: Hormonal contraceptives; title: Menopause; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 49:  Elderly patient; title: Aging; title: Physiological aging; title: Pathology and disease; title: Osteoporosis; title: Alzheimer's disease; title: Oral findings in aging; title: Dental hygiene care; title: Dental biofilm control; title: Periodontal care; title: Dental caries control; title: Diet and nutrition; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 50:  Edentulous patient; title: Purposes for wearing dentures; title: Types of removable complete dentures; title: Edentulous mouth; title: Patient with new dentures; title: Denture-related oral changes; title: Denture-induced oral lesions; title: Denture marking for identification; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 51:  Oral and maxillofacial surgery patient; title: Patient preparation; title: Dental hygiene care; title: Patient with intermaxillary fixation; title: Fractured jaw; title: Mandibular fractures; title: Midfacial fracture; title: Alveolar process fracture; title: Dental hygiene care; title: Dental hygiene care prior to general surgery; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 52:  Patient with cancer; title: Description; title: Surgery; title: Chemotherapy; title: Radiation therapy; title: Hematopoietic cell transplantation; title: Dental hygiene/dental plan of care; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: Factors to teach the caregiver; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 53:  Care of patients with disabilities; title: Disabilities; title: Dental and dental hygiene care; title: Appointment scheduling; title: Barrier-free environment; title: Patient reception:  the initial appointment; title: Wheelchair transfers; title: Patient position stabilization; title: Oral manifestations; title: Disease prevention and control; title: Dental biofilm removal; title: Self-care aids; title: Instruction for caregiver; title: Fluorides; title: Pit and fissure sealants; title: Diet instruction; title: Instrumentation; title: Group in-service education; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach patient and caregiver; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 54:  Patient who is homebound; title: Homebound patients; title: Dental hygiene care and instruction; title: Unconscious patient; title: Terminally ill patient; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: Factors to teach the caregiver; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 55:  Patient with a physical impairment; title: Spinal cord dysfunctions; title: Spinal cord injury; title: Myelomeningocele; title: Cerebrovascular accident (stroke); title: Muscular dystrophies; title: Myasthenia Gravis; title: Multiple Sclerosis; title: Cerebral Palsy; title: Bell's Palsy; title: Parkinson's disease; title: Arthritis; title: Scleroderma (progressive systemic sclerosis); title: Kidney disease; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 56:  Patient with a sensory disability; title: Americans with Disabilities Act; title: Visual impairment; title: Hearing impairment; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: Reference; title: Suggested readings; title: 57:  Family abuse and neglect; title: Child maltreatment; title: Elder maltreatment; title: Intimate partner abuse and violence; title: Documentation; title: Reporting maltreatment; title: Forensic dentistry; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 58:  Patient with a seizure disorder; title: Epileptic syndromes; title: Clinical manifestations; title: Treatment; title: Oral findings; title: Dental hygiene care plan; title: Emergency care; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 59:  Patient with a mental disability; title: Mental retardation; title: Down Syndrome; title: Autistic spectrum disorder; title: Dental hygiene care; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: Factors to teach the caregiver; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 60:  Patient with psychiatric disorder; title: Schizophrenia; title: Mood disorders; title: Major depressive disorder; title: Bipolar disorder; title: Postpartum mood disturbances; title: Anxiety disorders; title: Eating disorders; title: Anorexia Nervosa; title: Bulimia Nervosa; title: Psychiatric emergencies; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 61:  Patient with a substance-related disorder; title: Alcohol-related disorders; title: Metabolism of alcohol; title: Health hazards; title: Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS); title: Alcohol withdrawal syndrome; title: Treatment for alcoholism; title: Prescription and street drugs; title: Most common drugs of abuse; title: Treatment methods; title: Dental hygiene care; title: Clinical examination; title: Clinical treatment and instruction; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 62:  Patient with a respiratory disease; title: Respiratory system; title: Upper respiratory tract diseases; title: Lower respiratory tract diseases; title: Pneumonia; title: Tuberculosis (TB); title: Asthma; title: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD); title: Cystic Fibrosis; title: Summary guidelines for dental hygiene care; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 63:  Patient with a cardiovascular disease; title: Classification; title: Congenital heart diseases; title: Rheumatic heart disease; title: Mitral valve prolapse; title: Infective endocarditis; title: Hypertension; title: Hypertensive heart disease; title: Ischemic heart disease; title: Angina pectoris; title: Myocardial infarction; title: Congestive heart failure; title: Basic noninvasive treatment; title: Surgical treatment; title: Anticoagulant therapy; title: Cardiac surgery; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 64:  Patient with a blood disorder; title: Oral findings suggestive of blood disorders; title: Normal blood; title: Anemias; title: Iron deficiency anemia; title: Megaloblastic anemias; title: Sickle cell disease; title: Polycythemias; title: White blood cells; title: Bleeding disorders; title: Coagulation disorders; title: Miscellaneous treatment suggestions for dental professionals; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 65:  Patient with diabetes mellitus; title: Diabetes mellitus; title: Insulin; title: Diabetes mellitus etiologic classification; title: Diagnosis of diabetes; title: Complications of diabetes; title: Medical treatment and modifications for diabetes control; title: Medications; title: Pancreas transplantation; title: Blood glucose testing; title: Oral relationships; title: Dental hygiene care plan; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: Diabetes insipidus; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: 66:  Emergency care; title: Prevention of emergencies; title: Patient assessment; title: Stress minimization; title: Emergency materials and preparation; title: Basic life support; title: Rescue breathing; title: External chest compressions; title: Airway obstruction; title: Oxygen administration; title: Specific emergencies; title: Everyday ethics; title: Factors to teach the patient; title: References; title: Suggested readings; title: Prefixes, suffixes, and combining forms; title: Appendix 1:  American Dental Hygienists' Association code of ethics for dental hygienists; title: Appendix 2:  Canadian Dental Hygienists' Association code of ethics; title: Appendix 3:  International Federation of Dental Hygienists' code of ethics; title: Appendix 4:  Guidelines for infection control in dental health-care settings 2003; title: Appendix 5:  Average measurements of human teeth; title: Index.