Distortion control
By: John P. Stewart.
Publisher: John P. Stewart
Published: 1989, Fifth Printing 1994
Place of publication: 9773 LaSalle Boulevard, LaSalle, Quebec, Canada, H8R 2N9; 514 366 8410, jstewart747@hotmail.com
Language: eng
Format: Softcover
Number of pages: 106
Copyright date: 1989
Subjects: Welded joints -- Defects.; Welding -- Handbooks, manuals, etc.
Other titles: Flame Straightening Technology; Welders Fitters Guide
First sentence: Distortion Control is Everyone's Responsibility: 

every once in a while, though, something goes awry on the shop floor that results in twisted and warped work, and requires extra labor and unnecessary expenses to correct, if correction is at all possible. Quite often the job may have to be scrapped. 
Most of the time, no one really knows who is to blame, although the finger is easily, and sometimes unfairly, pointed at the welder or his boss.
Description: Identifies different types of distortion of welded materials and describes techniques to be used to control and eliminate the distortion.
This book of 15 chapters takes the mystery out of distortion control, and includes the following information:
•	The different modes of distortion and how welded fabrications are affected 
•	Descriptions of various metal types and how the coefficient of expansion, thermal conductivity, yield strength, and modulus of elasticity affect distortion 
•	Design strategies and shop practices which should be learnt as the first basic step to controlling shrinkage 
•	Situations where appropriate restraining devices can make the difference between a quality product or a distorted weldment 
•	Various methods for correcting distortion, including flame shrinkage 
•	Procedure for bending and cambering beams using the power of weld shrinkage and flame straightening 
•	Applications of rapid cooling procedures and heat build up preventatives 
•	Tack welding skills combined with presetting techniques to overcome shrinkage problems when assembling weldments 
•	Tips on using mechanical aids and procedures for teaching simple weldment assembly 
•	Tools and devices, and how they are used to control distortion 
•	Measuring and monitoring methods using a variety of techniques and instruments 
•	Procedures for controlling distortion when welding and repairing light gauge sheet metal 
•	Description of jigs and fixtures and their uses when welding both mild steel and nickel alloy sheet 
•	Basic principles of pipe welding with practical examples of controlling distortion in problem areas 
•	Information on preheating and different forms of post heat treatments 
•	Techniques for preventing problems and controlling distortion during flame cutting
 
•http://johnstewartbooks.weebly.com/
Notes: Includes bibliographical references.
Table of contents: title: CHECKLIST:  overwelding,  fit up,reinforcement,  weld sequences,  other considerations,  key features; title: 1:  DISTORTION:  expansion and contraction,  forms of distortion,  Transverse,  angular,  longtitudinal,  bowing; title: inherent stresses,  calculating shrinkage; title: 2:  METAL TYPES:  Coefficient of thermal expansion,  thermal conductivity,  yield strength,; title: modulis of elasticity,  welding different metals,  aluminum,  sequence welding,; title: simultaneous welding,  presetting ,  restraint,  fixtures,  preheating,  grey cast iron,; title: preheating cast iron,  stainless steel,  high strength steels; title: 3: WELDMENTS: control of shrinkage,  the neutral axis,  welding sequence,  welding speed,; title: overwelding ,  preparation and fit up,  the J groove,  fillets,  butt welding,  intermittent welds,; title: weld passes,  back step welding,  skip welding,  presetting,  prebending,  opposing forces,  assembly,; title: welding webs,   gravity,  peening for removing stresses.; title: 4: RESTRAINT: self restraint,  bracing,  holding important dimensions,; title: Restraining circular components,  circular flat plates,  rolled sections; title: 5: CORRECTING DISTORTION: Intro to Flame straightening,  the hot shot,  off square condition,; title: flame shrinking,  circular shapes,  alternate  straightening,  Hydraulic jacks,  using C clamps,; title: hammers,  clamp down dogs,  wedges and other tools; title: 6: BEAM CAMBERING:  :  camber control,  camber by flame shrinkage,  cambering beams,; title: achieving a 12 inch camber[300mm],  curving a girder with flame hot shots; title: 7:  THE COOLING PROCESS:  Compressed air,  the cooling pipe,  cooling by water,; title: atomised spray,  preventing heat build up; title: 8: TACK WELDING: using tack welds to advantage,  assembling,  sub assemblies,  flat plates,; title: working from the center,  back to back welding,  bringing plates together,  brackets,; title: the butt weld technique,  preparing butt joints,  presetting; title: 9: TOOLS AND RESTRAINING DEVISES:  hold down bolts,  turnbuckles,  making a frame technique,; title: tack welding butt joints,  assembling half rings,  wedges,  stoppers,  adjusting screws,  platens,  accessories; title: 10: CHECKING FOR STRAIGHTNESS:  Straightedge,  piano wire,  string  check,  steel block aids,; title: surface gauge,  monitoring movement,  steel square, trammels,  plumb bob; title: 11: THIN MATERIALS:  welding processes,  gas metal arc,  arc welding sheet metal,; title: welding sequences,  back step welding,  down hill welding,  distortion and burnthrough,; title: preventing distortion,  peening,  butt joint,  buckling,  repairs,  making a patch,  damaged metal,; title: jigs and fixtures, for mild steel, nickle alloys,; title: 12: PIPE WELDING:  transverse shrinkage,  longtitudinal shrinkage,  bowing,  angular distortion,; title: branch welding,  pipeline welding,  light gauge columns,; title: 13: FLAME CUTTING:  setting up,  recommended settings,  tip maintenance,immersion in water,; title: freehand,  simultaneous cuts,  kerf movement,  free moving scrap,  direction of cut,; title: intermittent stopping,  piercing through,  the locking effect,  sheared edges,  flanges,  half rings,; title: stack cutting,  machine allowance,  inherent stresses,; title: 14: PRE HEAT AND POST HEAT TREATMENT:  preheating,  interpass temperatures; title: post heating,  stress relief,  air release; title: 15:  DISTORTION CONTROL IN THE DRAWING OFFICE:; title: the fabrication industry,; title: The drawing office,  offset drawing,  presetting,  the fabricator's responsibility,; title: the welder's responsibility,  the welding procedure,; title: BIBLIOGRAPHY:; title: INDEX:; title: http://johnstewartbooks.weebly.com/