Is the Food and Drug Administration safe and effective?
By: Tomas J. Philipson, Eric Sun.
Contributors: Sun, Eric.; National Bureau of Economic Research.
Series: NBER working paper series -- no. 13561.; Working paper series (National Bureau of Economic Research) -- working paper no. 13561.
Publisher: National Bureau of Economic Research
Published: 2007
Place of publication: Cambridge, Mass
Language: eng
Number of pages: 31
Subjects: United States. -- Food and Drug Administration -- Economic aspects; United States. -- Economic aspects; Drugs -- Safety regulations -- Economic aspects -- United States
Description: In the United States, drug safety and efficacy are primarily regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the legal system, which gives manufacturers large incentives to produce safe drugs and provide proper warnings for side effects, since patients can sue manufacturers that provide unsafe drugs and/or insufficient warnings. In this paper, we begin by examining the efficiency implications of this joint regulation of drug safety. We find that joint regulation of drug safety can be inefficient when the regulatory authority mandates a binding and well enforced level of safety investment. In this case, product liability has no effect on a firm's safety investment, but affects welfare by raising a firm's costs and therefore prices. Using these results, we calibrate a model of the pharmaceutical market and find that, depending on the share of liability costs in marginal costs, a product liability exemption for activities that are well regulated by the FDA could increase consumer welfare by $47.8-$754.7 billion annually (4-66 percent of sales) and producer welfare by $11.9-$173.9 billion annually (1-15 percent of sales). In addition, we summarize the welfare effects of recent legislation, the Prescription Drug User Fee Acts (PDUFA), which mandated faster FDA review times in exchange for user fees levied on the pharmaceutical industry. Overall, we find that the faster review times mandated by PDUFA raised social surplus by $18-31 billion, and that at most, the concomitant cost of reduced drug safety was $5.6-$16.6 billion.
Notes: "October 2007"

Includes bibliographical references (p. 27-31).

Also available in PDF from the NBER world wide web site (www.nber.org).