TSAJ. Texte und Studien zum Antiken Judentum, Bd. 107: The Enoch-Metatron tradition
Edition: 1 Auflage.
Series: TSAJ. Texte und Studien zum Antiken Judentum -- 107
Publisher: Mohr Siebeck
Published: 2005
Place of publication: Tubingen
Language: eng
Subjects: Comparative Religion
Description: Table of Contents

Acknowledgements.............................................................................  vii-viii

Introduction................................................................................................  1
	
Early Jewish Mysticism................................................................................  1
Slavonic Pseudepigrapha..............................................................................  6
2 Enoch and Early Jewish Mysticism...............................................................  9
What Threads to Consider?..........................................................................  15

Part I: Evolution of the Roles and Titles of the Seventh Antediluvian 
Hero in Mesopotamian, Enochic, and Merkabah Traditions......................  21

Chapter 1: Roles and Titles of the Seventh Antediluvian Hero in Mesopotamian Traditions: The Case of King Enmeduranki......................  23

Enmeduranki as the Diviner.........................................................................  29
Enmeduranki as the Expert in Secrets............................................................  31
Enmeduranki as the Mediator.......................................................................  34
Enmeduranki as the Scribe..........................................................................  36
Enmeduranki as the Priest...........................................................................  37

Chapter 2: Enoch’s Roles and Titles in Early Enochic Booklets ...............  42

Enoch as the Diviner..................................................................................  43
Enoch as the Primeval Sage.........................................................................  47
Enoch as the Expert in Secrets......................................................................  49
Enoch as the Scribe....................................................................................  52
Scribe of Righteousness.......................................................................  56
	Scribe of Distinction...........................................................................  58
	Most Skilled Scribe?...........................................................................  59
Enoch as the Mediator................................................................................  61
	Mediation of Knowledge......................................................................  63
	Mediation of the Divine Judgment: Enoch’s Intercession for the Watchers......  66
	Mediation of the Divine Judgment: Enoch as Eschatological Witness.............  69
Enoch as the Heavenly Priest.......................................................................  72
Enoch’s Titles in the Similitudes...................................................................  78
	“Righteous One”................................................................................  79
	“Anointed One”.................................................................................  80
	“Chosen One”....................................................................................  81
	“Son of Man”....................................................................................  82
	Interdependence of the Four Titles and
Their Identification with Enoch.............................................................  83

Chapter 3: Roles and Titles of Enoch-Metatron in Sefer 
Hekhalot and Other Materials....................................................................  89

The Name “Metatron”................................................................................  95
1. “Old” Roles and Titles...........................................................................  100
Metatron as the Scribe..............................................................................  100
Metatron as the Expert in Secrets................................................................  104
Metatron as the Mediator...........................................................................  107
		Mediation of Knowledge....................................................................  108
Mediation of the Divine Judgment........................................................  110
   			a. Intercession.......................................................................  110
b. Bearing Testimony.............................................................  112
   		Mediation of God’s Presence and Authority............................................  115
Priestly and Liturgical Roles of Metatron......................................................  116
2. “New” Roles and Titles.........................................................................  123
   	Metatron as the Prince of the Presence.........................................................  124
   	Metatron as the Prince of the World.............................................................  130
   	Metatron as Sar Torah..............................................................................  133
   	Metatron as the Youth...............................................................................  136
   	Metatron as the Deity: Lesser YHWH..........................................................  139
   	Metatron as the Measurer/Measure: God’s Shciur Qomah.................................  146
Conclusion.............................................................................................  149

Chapter 4: Roles and Titles of Enoch-Metatron in 2 Enoch…….......…...  151

1. “New” Roles and Titles.........................................................................  155
Servant of the Face..................................................................................  156
Youth....................................................................................................  160
Governor of the World..............................................................................  162
God’s Vice-Regent?.................................................................................  164
Heavenly Counterpart...............................................................................  168
Prometaya..............................................................................................  179
2. “Old” Roles and Titles...........................................................................  183
Diviner..................................................................................................  184
Mediator................................................................................................  187
Mediation of the Divine Judgment...............................................................  187
Mediation of the Divine Presence................................................................  190
Expert in the Secrets of Creation.................................................................  191
Stones............................................................................................  196
Adoil and Arukhaz: Etymology of the Names..........................................  200
Priestly and Liturgical Roles......................................................................  203
Scribe....................................................................................................  206
Conclusion.............................................................................................  210

PART II: Polemical Developments and Their Role in the Evolution of Enoch’s Roles and Titles in the Slavonic Apocalypse..............................  213

Chapter 5: Adamic Polemics in 2 Enoch and the Enoch-Metatron’s 
Titles “Youth,” “Prince of the World,” “Redeemer of the World,” and “Measurer of the Lord”............................................................................  215

The Function of the Adamic Tradition in 2 Enoch...........................................  215
King of the Earth.....................................................................................  219
Angelic Veneration..................................................................................  223
Youth....................................................................................................  226
The Hunger Motif....................................................................................  230
The Motif of the Divine Face.....................................................................  231
Oil from the Tree of Life...........................................................................  233
“The One Who Carried Away the Sin of Humankind”......................................  235
Enoch-Metatron’s Role as the “Measurer of the Lord” 
and Shicur Qomah Tradition in 2 Enoch........................................................  238
The Corporeality of the Protoplast........................................................  240
From the Four Corners of the World......................................................  243
	The Measure of the Divine Body..........................................................  248
	Bodily Ascent..................................................................................  251
	Adam and Enoch: “Two Powers” in Heaven...........................................  252
	Two Bodies Created According to the Likeness of a Third One...................  255
Conclusion.............................................................................................  256
   
Chapter 6: Mosaic Polemics in 2 Enoch and Enoch-Metatron’s 
Title “Prince of the Face” .......................................................................  259

Early Enochic Polemics Against Moses and His Revelation..............................  259
Mosaic Counterattack...............................................................................  265
Mosaic Polemics in 2 Enoch: New Strategy...................................................  282
Imagery of the Face...........................................................................  284
	"I am One Who Has Seen the Face of the Lord".......................................  288
	The Danger Motif.............................................................................  290
	Mosaic Idiom of Standing and the Sar Happanim Imagery.........................  291
	Luminous Face of Enoch....................................................................  293
	Imagery of the Hand..........................................................................  296
	Enoch's Revelation: New Genesis?.......................................................  298
The Torah of Enoch...........................................................................  299
	Transmission of Enoch's Scriptures and the Community of the Text.............  300
Junior Replica of the Translated Patriarch: Rabbinic and Hekhalot Evidence........  304
Conclusion.............................................................................................  308
	   
Chapter 7: Noachic Polemics and the Date of 2 Enoch............................  309

Noah's Sacrifices.....................................................................................  311
Noah as the Originator of Sacrificial Instruction.............................................  313
Noah and Divine Revelations.....................................................................  315
Noah as the Bridge Over the Flood..............................................................  317
The Birth of Noah....................................................................................  319
Noah's Son.............................................................................................  322
Purpose of the Polemics............................................................................  323
Debates About the Date.............................................................................  325
Noachic Polemics and the Date of the Text....................................................  336

Conclusion...............................................................................................  341

Bibliography…….……………………........................………….............  343
Reference Works.....................................................................................  343
Primary Sources Including Translations........................................................  344
Secondary Literature................................................................................  347

Appendix: List of the Manuscripts of 2 Enoch and Their Sigla …...........  363

Index of Sources......................................................................................  364

Modern Author Index..............................................................................  365

Subject Index...........................................................................................  366
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