Elevator mechanical design
Subtitle: principles and concepts
By: Lubom ́r Janovsky.
Contributors: International Association of Elevator Engineers.
Series: Ellis Horwood series in transportation : verticle transportation section
Publisher: Published for the International Association of Elevator Engineers by Ellis Horwood
Published: 1987
Place of publication: Chichester
Language: eng
Number of pages: 166
Subjects: Elevators.
Description: The third edition represents a remarkable extension of the second edition of Elevator Mechanical Design. All chapters have been revised and most of them have been extended to include compliance with modern practice, such as the new technology that has appeared worldwide and the new methods of calculation. A great number of new illustrations have been incorporated to make this book as instructive as possible.
The six years between the second and third editions have been revolutionary in many respects. Completely new elevator concepts have appeared, such as machine-room-less elevators or the SchindlerMobile®. Worldwide standards have been revised and new requirements have been incorporated, e.g., provisions against uncontrolled movement of ascending car that must be accomplished in compliance with the European Standard EN 81-1:1998. All these new designs and requirements have been included in this book.
Some elevator equipment from the time of the second edition has been removed or modified. However, many machines, safety gears, buffers, etc. presented in the second edition are still in successful operation and reflect the state-of-the-art of that time. It has been the author’s decision to show the readers the evolution and development of these designs and constructions.
The author’s intention has been to tell his readers how to design an electric elevator from the mechanical engineering viewpoint and also why the design is implemented in a particular way.
The book is aimed primarily at engineers, designers, elevator consultants, manufacturers and inspectors, but will also be useful to
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architects, safety personnel and students with an interest in or involvement in elevator design, operation and safety.
As with the second edition, many of my friends and colleagues have contributed to this work, and I am pleased to express my appreciation to all of them. I owe a lot particularly to those without whose encouragement and support this book would never have been written: to my old-time friend, Mr. William Sturgeon, founder of ELEVATOR WORLD and to Dr. G. Barney, who was the editor of two preceding editions. I feel much obliged to Dott. Eng. Giuseppe Volpe, Dr. David Cameron and Dipl-Ing. Roland Stawinoga for their assistance and for providing many illustrations and technical documentation. I wish to extend my thanks to Mrs. Ginger McDaniel, Ms. Terri Wagner and Ms. Julie Strahan of ELEVATOR WORLD for the proofing and editting of the book and for the technical assistance, to Dr. Jirí Sojka of the Czech Technical University of Prague for formatting the book and, last, but not least, to Mrs. Ricia Hendrick, president of ELEVATOR WORLD, for her wonderful understanding and for the publishing of this book.
Many companies and institutions have contributed to the value of the book by supplying valuable technical documentation. All of them are listed below and their assistance is gratefully acknowledged here. I take the opportunity to thank them most sincerely:
Notes: Bibliography, p163-164. - Includes index.
Table of contents: title: 1 Definition of the mechanical system and component parts; title: 1.1 General.......................................................................................1; title: 1.2 Traction drive elevators ........................................................ 2; title: 1.3 Linear induction motor drive elevators ................................ 5; title: 1.4 SchindlerMobile® ............................................................. 10; title: 2 Suspension of car and counterweight; title: 2.1 Methods of suspension and equalizing gear ...................... 16; title: 2.2 Specification, construction and recommendations; title: for the selection of elevator ropes ...................................... 20; title: 2.3 Calculation of elevator ropes and factor of safety ............. 31; title: 2.4 Rope termination................................................................. 37; title: 2.5 Rope stretch......................................................................... 42; title: 2.6 Life, maintenance and replacement of elevator ropes ....... 44; title: 2.7 Compensating cables .......................................................... 53; title: 3 Types of drive; title: 3.1 Traction drive ...................................................................... 61; title: 3.1.1 Ropingsystems........................................................61; title: 3.1.2 Tractionsheaveanddivertingpulley......................67; title: 3.1.3 Forcesonsheave......................................................72; title: 3.1.4 Specificpressureoftheropeinthesheavegroove.74; title: 3.1.5 Coefficientoffrictionoftheropesinthegrooves..81; title: 3.1.6 Traction under different conditions ......................... 83; title: 3.1.7 Ropeslip. Wearofsheavegrooves........................94; title: 3.2 Reduction of torques ........................................................... 95; title: 3.3 Drum drive ........................................................................ 101; title: iii; title: iv; title: 4 Elevator machines; title: 4.1 Geared elevator machines................................................. 109; title: 4.1.1 General...................................................................109; title: 4.1.2 Wormgearing........................................................109; title: 4.1.2.1 Design principles..................................... 110; title: 4.1.2.2 Calculation principles ............................. 115; title: 4.1.2.3 Thermal performance calculation........... 116; title: 4.1.2.4 Design of machines................................. 121; title: 4.1.3 Planetarygearing...................................................133; title: 4.1.4 Harmonicdrive......................................................137; title: 4.1.5 Beltdrivemachines...............................................142; title: 4.2 Gearless elevator machines .............................................. 145 4.2.1 DCgearlessmachines............................................145 4.2.2 ACgearlessmachines............................................150; title: 4.3 Machines for roomless elevators .................................. 154; title: 4.4 Testing of geared elevator machines ............................ 174; title: 5 Brakes; title: 5.1 Types of brakes ................................................................. 187; title: 5.2 Calculation of braking torque and brake selection .......... 195 5.2.1 CalculationofthestatictorqueMst......................195 5.2.2 CalculationofthedynamictorqueMi..................197 5.2.3 Selectionofthebrake............................................199; title: 5.3 Testing of elevator brakes................................................. 200; title: 6 Counterweight.......................................................................... 207; title: 7 Guiding the car and counterweight; title: 7.1 Shape, material and jointing of guide rails; title: Guide rail brackets ............................................................ 211; title: 7.2 Guide; title: 7.2.1 Analysisofstressinguiderailsand; title: rail calculations ...................................................... 220; title: deflection during safety gear operation................. 220; title: 7.2.2 Forcesonguiderailsduringnormaloperation; title: Classes of loading .................................................. 230; title: 7.2.3 WorldwideStandardsforguiderailcalculations..233; title: 7.2.4 Evaluationofcalculationmethods........................238; title: 7.2.5 Recommendedcalculationmethodforguiderails239; title: 7.3 Types; title: of guide shoes......................................................... 250; title: 8 Safety gear; title: 8.1 General .............................................................................. 263; title: 8.2 Overspeed governor .......................................................... 264; title: 8.3 Instantaneous safety gear .................................................. 269; title: 8.4 Progressive safety gear ..................................................... 274; title: 8.5 Prevention from uncontrolled movement of; title: ascending car..................................................................... 288; title: 9 Buffers; title: 9.1 Specification...................................................................... 299; title: 9.2 Polyurethane buffers (energy accumulation) ................... 300; title: 9.3 Spring buffers (energy accumulation).............................. 306; title: 9.4 Oil buffers (energy dissipation)........................................ 310; title: 10 Carframe; title: 10.1 Design principles............................................................... 321 10.2 Calculation of car frame.................................................... 325; title: 11 Doorsanddooroperators; title: 11.1 Specification: types of doors............................................. 341 11.1.1 Swinging doors ...................................................... 343 11.1.2 Horizontally sliding doors ..................................... 344 11.1.3 Collapsible doors ................................................... 355 11.1.4 Vertical sliding doors............................................. 356 11.2 Door operators .......................................................... 360 11.2.1 Door operators for horizontally sliding doors....... 360 11.2.2 Door operators for vertical sliding doors .............. 372; title: 12 Elevatorhoistwayandmachineroom; title: 12.1 General requirements for hoistways ................................. 377 12.2 Hoistway structure, equipment and assembly .................. 379 12.3 Top clearances ................................................................... 380; title: 12.3.1 Traction drive elevators ......................................... 380; title: 12.3.2 Positive drive elevators.......................................... 381 12.4 The pit and bottom clearances .......................................... 382 12.5 Machine and pulley rooms................................................ 383 12.6 Sound insulation ................................................................ 385; title: 12.6.1 Elevator machine ................................................... 385 12.6.2 Controllers.............................................................. 392 12.6.3 Sound sources located in the hoistway.................. 392; title: v; title: vi; title: Bibliography ................................................................................ 394; title: Index ................................................................................ 397 List of examples; title: Example 2.1 Example 2.2 Example 3.1 Example 3.2 Example 3.3 Example 3.4 Example 5.1 Example 7.1; title: .................................................................................. 57 .................................................................................. 58 ................................................................................ 103 ................................................................................ 105 ................................................................................ 106 ................................................................................ 107 ................................................................................ 202 ................................................................................ 258