Classic philosophical questions
By: [edited by] J. Mulvaney.
Contributors: Mulvaney, Robert J.
Edition: 13th ed.
Publisher: Pearson Prentice Hall
Published: 2009
Place of publication: Upper Saddle River, N.J
Language: eng
ISBN-13: 9780136006527
Subjects: Philosophy -- Introductions.; Philosophy.
Genres: Introductions.
Notes: Includes bibliographical references and index.
Table of contents: value: Plato and the trial of Socrates; value: What is philosophy?; value: Euthyphro : defining philosophical terms; value: The apology, Phaedo, and Crito : the trial, immortality, and death of Socrates; value: Philosophy of religion; value: Can we prove that God exists?; value: St. Anselm : the ontological argument; value: St. Thomas Aquinas : the cosmological argument; value: William Paley : the teleological argument; value: Blaisepascal : it is better to believe in God's existence than to deny it; value: William James : free choice is the basis of belief; value: Does the idea of a good God exclude evil?; value: Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz : God can allow some evil; value: David Hume : a good God would exclude evil; value: Ethics; value: Are ethics relative?; value: Ruth Benedict : ethics are relative; value: W.T. Stace : ethics are not relative; value: Are humans always selfish?; value: Humans are always selfish : Glaucon's challenge to Socrates; value: James Rachels : humans are not always selfish; value: Which is basic in ethics : happiness or obligation?; value: Aristotle : happiness is living virtuously; value: Jeremy Bentham : happiness is seeking the greatest pleasure for the greatest number of people; value: Immanuel Kant : duty is prior to happiness; value: Friedrich Nietzsche : happiness is having power; value: Jean-Paul Sartre : existentialist ethics; value: Rosemarie Tong : feminist ethics are different; value: Contemporary moral problems : abortion, homosexuality, animal rights; value: Jane English : are most abortions moral?; value: Peter Singer : do animals have rights?; value: Knowledge; value: What is knowledge?; value: Plato : knowledge is warranted, true belief; value: What method is best for acquiring knowledge?; value: Charles Sanders Peirce : four approaches to philosophy; value: How do we acquire knowledge?; value: René Descartes : knowledge is not ultimately sense knowledge; value: John Locke : knowledge is ultimately sensed; value: Immanuel Kant : knowledge is both rational and empirical; value: How is truth established?; value: Bertrand Russell : truth is established by correspondence; value: Francis H. Bradley : truth is established by coherence; value: William James : truth is established on pragmatic grounds; value: Can we know the nature of causal relations?; value: David Hume : cause means regular association; value: David Hume : there are no possible grounds for induction; value: Metaphysics; value: Why is there something rather than nothing?; value: Parmenides : being is uncaused; value: Lao-Tzu : non-being is the source of being; value: Is reality general or particular?; value: Plato : universals are real; value: David Hume : particulars are real; value: Of what does reality consist?; value: René Descartes : reality consists of mind and matter; value: Paul Churchland : reality consists of matter; value: George Berkeley : reality consists of ideas; value: John Dewey : reality consists of mental and physical qualities; value: Are humans free?; value: Holbach : humans are determined; value: Robert Kane : humans are free; value: Social and political philosophy; value: What is liberty?; value: Fyodor Dostoevski : liberty and authority; value: John Stuart Mill : liberty is independence from the majority's tyranny; value: Martin Luther King, Jr. : liberty and racial prejudice; value: Which government is best?; value: Thomas Hobbes : monarchy is best; value: John Locke : democracy is best; value: Karl Marx : communism and nonalienated labor is best; value: Alexis de Tocqueville : democracy can have serious problems; value: Karl Popper : utopias lead to violence; value: Aesthetics; value: What constitutes the experience of beauty?; value: Plotinus : beauty, sensuous, and ideal; value: What is the function of art?; value: Aristotle : the nature of tragedy; value: Henri Bergson : the nature of comedy; value: Philosophy and the good life; value: Classic views of the good life; value: Epicurus : Epicurus and the pleasant life; value: Epictetus : Epictetus and the life of self-control; value: What gives life meaning?; value: Leo Tolstoy : faith provides life's meaning; value: Albert Camus : each person determines his or her life's meaning; value: What is the value of philosophy?; value: Bertrand Russell : the value of philosophy.