Assessment of Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction in Anaerobic Pasteurization Digester Latrine (APDL)
Subtitle: Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction in Anaerobic Pasteurization Digester Latrine
By: No
Series: No
Publisher: Longonot Publisher
Published: 2014
Place of publication: Nairobi
Language: eng
Format: Project Report
Number of pages: 27
Copyright date: No
Other titles: Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction in Anaerobic Pasteurization Digester Latrine
Notes: Human waste disposal in most of developing nations is a real problem. Mostly pit latrine is used for disposal of human waste and in places where the water table is very low it can lead to ground water contamination and thus environmental sound technology for Human waste disposal is necessary .Human waste disposal facility should reduce the Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD) significantly. This study therefore aimed at assessing Chemical Oxygen Demand reduction in Anaerobic Pastueralisation Digester a new technology for human waste disposal. The specific objectives were to determine the mean levels of COD in influent and effluent and to determine the percentage COD removal. The study was done in Sogomo estate in Eldoret Kenya and only one APDL plant was studied called Central APDL for four months. Two samples and there replicates were collected. i.e. influent and effluent from central APDL and taken to biotechnology laboratory in University of Eldoret. They were diluted and refluxed for two hours using acidified K2Cr2O7 and the residue oxidised using Ferrous Ammonium sulphate(FAS) in a back titration using Ferroin indicator to reddish brown point of colour change and the volume of FAS recorded to aid in calculating COD value. The study results showed that the levels of COD were high in Influent and low in effluent. The percentage removal was 95.1425 ± 0.2281 % .Therefore there was significant reduction of COD in APDL. The research concluded that there was significant reduction of COD in APDL therefore i recommended the use of APDL for human waste disposal , polishing of effluent before discharge to environment and finally further research on efficiency of APDL in terms of reducing other parameters such as faecal coliform, nutrients, heavy metals and BOD.
Table of contents: title: DECLARATION	ii; title: DEDICATION	iii; title: ABSTRACT	vi; title: ACKNOWLEDGEMENT	vii; title: LIST OF FIGURES	viii; title: LIST OF PLATES	ix; title: LIST OF ACRONYMS	x; title: CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION	1; title: 1.1 Back ground information	1; title: 1.2 Statement of the problem	2; title: 1.3 Objectives	2; title: 1.3.1 General Objective	2; title: 1.3.2 The Specific objectives	2; title: 1.4 Hypothesis	3; title: 1.5 Justification of the research	3; title: 1.6 Scope of the study and limitation	3; title: CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW	4; title: 2.1 Membrane Bio-Reactor and Activated Sludge in COD reduction.	4; title: 2.2 Fly ash, brick kiln ash and commercial activated carbon in COD reduction	6; title: 2.3 Biodegradation of Sewage Wastewater Using Autochthonous Bacteria	6; title: 2.4 Facilities used to reduce COD in human excreta	7; title: 2.4.1 Pit Latrine	7; title: 2.4.2 Municipal waste water treatment plant	7; title: 2.4.3 Anaerobic pasteurization digester latrine (APDL)	8; title: CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS	11; title: 3.1 Study Area	11; title: 3.2 Research Design	12; title: 3.3 Research population and Sampling frame	13; title: 3.5 Data collection procedure and tools	13; title: 3.5.1 Reagents and Solutions	13; title: 3.5.2 Apparatus	13; title: 3.6 Procedure	14; title: 3.6.1 Sampling procedure	14; title: 3.6.2 Laboratory procedure	15; title: CHAPTER FOUR: RESULTS AND DISCUSSION	18; title: 4.1 Results	18; title: 4.1.1 Determination of the mean levels of COD in influent and effluent	18; title: 4.1.2Determination of percentage Removal	19; title: 4.2 Discussion	20; title: 4.2.1 Determination of the mean levels of COD in influent and effluent	20; title: 4.2.2 Determination of percentage Removal	21; title: CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMEDATION	23; title: 5.1 Conclusion	23; title: 5.2 Recommendations	23; title: REFRENCES	24; title: APPENDICES	25; title: Appendix 1.0 Statistical T- test Analysis and Testing of Hypothesis	25; title: Appendix 2 Chi Square Test Analysis and Testing of Hypothesis	26