Inventing the immigration problem
Subtitle: the Dillingham Commission and its legacy
By: Katherine Benton-Cohen
Publisher: Harvard University Press
Published: 2018
Language: eng
Number of pages: 342
ISBN-13: 9780674976443
Copyright date: 2018
Subjects: United States; Emigration and immigration; United States. Immigration Commission (1907-1910); Government policy; Demographic surveys; Social aspects; Influence; History
Description: In 1907 the U.S. Congress created a joint commission to investigate what many Americans saw as a national crisis: an unprecedented number of immigrants flowing into the United States. Experts--women and men trained in the new field of social science--fanned out across the country to collect data on these fresh arrivals. The trove of information they amassed shaped how Americans thought about immigrants, themselves, and the nation's place in the world. Katherine Benton-Cohen argues that the Dillingham Commission's legacy continues to inform the ways that U.S. policy addresses questions raised by immigration, over a century later. Within a decade of its launch, almost all of the commission's recommendations--including a literacy test, a quota system based on national origin, the continuation of Asian exclusion, and greater federal oversight of immigration policy--were implemented into law. Inventing the Immigration Problem describes the labyrinthine bureaucracy, broad administrative authority, and quantitative record-keeping that followed in the wake of these regulations. Their implementation marks a final turn away from an immigration policy motivated by executive-branch concerns over foreign policy and toward one dictated by domestic labor politics. The Dillingham Commission--which remains the largest immigration study ever conducted in the United States--reflects its particular moment in time when mass immigration, the birth of modern social science, and an aggressive foreign policy fostered a newly robust and optimistic notion of federal power. Its quintessentially Progressive formulation of America's immigration problem, and its recommendations, endure today in almost every component of immigration policy, control, and enforcement.--
Notes: Includes bibliographical references and index.
Table of contents: title: The professor and the commission; title: The gentlemen's agreement; title: Hebrew or Jewish is simply a religion; title: The vanishing American wage earner; title: Women's power and knowledge; title: The American type; title: Not a question of too many immigrants.