Disability, Society, and the Individual
By: Julie Smart
Edition: Third edition
Publisher: PRO-ED, Inc.
Published: 2016
Place of publication: Austin, Texas
Language: eng
Format: Paperback
Number of pages: 448
ISBN-13: 9781416410003
Copyright date: 2016, 2009, 2001
Subjects: Social conditions; Sociology of disability; People with disabilities; Discrimination against people with disabilities
First sentence: On the first day of class, I ask my students: “When you walk into any major chain bookstore, do you find any books about people with disabilities?”
Description: This unique book provides a comprehensive examination of the disability experience. The content focuses on definitions of disability, societal response to people with disabilities, and the experience of disability from the perspectives of individuals with disability. It is organized around broad themes rather than disability categories.
With an engaging writing style and extensive and completely updated references, *Disability, Society, and the Individual–Third Edition* prepares the reader to understand and be able to use complex, important, and new ideas surrounding disability—its experience and social and cultural context. The text includes discussion questions, learning activities, suggested readings, and first-person accounts.
Notes: Includes bibliographical references and index.
Table of contents: label: Acknowledgments
title: xi; label: Abbreviations
title: xii; label: Introduction
title: 1; label: The Purpose of This Book
title: 2; label: Section 1: Definitions of Disability
title: 3; label: Section 2: Society and Disability (or, the Best Way to Teach Social Justice Is to Teach the History of Social Injustice)
title: 3; label: Section 3: The Individual and the Disability
title: 4; label: Section 1
title: Definitions of Disability
pagenum: 7; label: Chapter 1
title: Defining Disability
pagenum: 9; label: The Universality of Disability, or Disability Is a Natural Part of Everyone's Life
title: 10; label: Does Anyone Know What "Normal" Is?
title: 11; label: Confusing Normalcy With the Ideal
title: 13; label: The Social Construction of Normalcy and Disability
title: 14; label: Five Factors That Determine the Definition of Normalcy
title: 15; label: Large Classifications and Diagnostic Systems
title: 17; label: Categorizing Disabilities
title: 18; label: Physical Disabilities
title: 21; label: Mobility Impairments
title: 22; label: Visual Impairments
title: 23; label: Hearing Impairments
title: 24; label: Dual Sensory Loss: D/deaf-Blindness
title: 26; label: Health Disorders and Chronic Illness
title: 26; label: Neurodevelopmental Disabilities
title: 27; label: Psychiatric Disabilities
title: 28; label: Does Everyone Have a Disability of Some Sort?
title: 29; label: There Are More Disabilities Than Ever Before
title: 31; label: Challenges in Counting Disabilities
title: 32; label: Six Reasons for Increases in Disability Rates
title: 34; label: Advances in Neonatal Medicine
title: 34; label: Advances in Emergency Medicine and Trauma Care
title: 35; label: Aging of the Population
title: 36; label: People With Disabilities Live Longer
title: 37; label: Liberalization and Expansion of the Definition of Disability
title: 39; label: More Accurate Counting
title: 41; label: Summary
title: 46; label: Chapter 2
title: Models of Disability: The Religious–Moral Model, the Biomedical Model, the Environmental Model, the Functional Model, and the Sociopolitical Model
pagenum: 49; label: What Are Models of Disability?
title: 50; label: Functions of Models of Disability
title: 50; label: The Religious–Moral Model of Disability
title: 52; label: The Biomedical Model of Disability
title: 55; label: Medicalization and Pathologization
title: 62; label: Physicians as the Cultural Interpreters of the Disability Experience
title: 64; label: Interactive Models: Disability as a Personal Tragedy or a Collective Responsibility?
title: 64; label: The Environmental Model of Disability
title: 65; label: The Functional Model of Disability
title: 68; label: The Sociopolitical Model of Disability
title: 73; label: Comparison of the Five Models
title: 77; label: Research Is Only as Good as the Model on Which It Is Based
title: 77; label: Equal Opportunity Under the Law: The Americans With Disabilities Act
title: 78; label: The Intent and Rationale of the Americans With Disabilities Act
title: 79; label: The ADA and ADAAA Do Not Require Preferential Treatment for People With Disabilities or Lowering of Standards
title: 79; label: The Five Titles of the ADA and AADA
title: 80; label: Title I: Employment
title: 80; label: Title II: Transportation
title: 81; label: Title III: Public Accommodations and Services
title: 81; label: Title IV: Telecommunications
title: 81; label: Title V: Miscellaneous
title: 82; label: Resistance to the ADA
title: 82; label: Results of the ADA
title: 84; label: Changes Enacted in the ADAAA
title: 85; label: Talking About Disability
title: 86; label: Language That Communicates Deficit, Inferiority, and Pathology
title: 88; label: Person-First Language
title: 89; label: The Person Is Not the Condition
title: 89; label: Avoiding Sensational and Emotional Terms
title: 90; label: The History of Certain Words
title: 91; label: Euphemisms
title: 92; label: Defiant Self-Naming, or Gimp Pride
title: 93; label: Labels That Attempt to Describe All Those Different From the Majority
title: 94; label: Section 2
title: Society and Disability
pagenum: 97; label: Chapter 3
title: Prejudice Against People With Disabilities, Part 1
pagenum: 99; label: The Salience of the Perceived Defining Nature of the Disability, or "It's Not All About My Legs"
title: 100; label: The Inferred Emotional Consequence of the Disability, or Difficult Does Not Mean Tragic
title: 101; label: Handicapism Is Socially Sanctioned and Continually Reinforced in American Culture
title: 102; label: The Handicapism of Well-Intentioned People
title: 103; label: Most PWDs Identify as Typical, Ordinary People
title: 104; label: The World Is Designed for PWODs
title: 105; label: Whose Problem Is Handicapism?
title: 107; label: The Costs of Handicapism for PWODs and Society
title: 108; label: Existential Angst
title: 108; label: Spread or Overgeneralization
title: 110; label: Findings of the Americans with Disabilities Act
title: 116; label: Prejudice and Discrimination Against PWDs
title: 118; label: Second-Class Citizenship (for Which Americans Must Assume Collective Responsibility)
title: 122; label: The ADA's "Report Card"
title: 123; label: PWDs as "Burdens" or "Drains"
title: 126; label: Perceptions of the Disability That May Be Associated With Prejudice
title: 131; label: Are Disabilities Viewed as Diversity or as Deviance?
title: 133; label: Disability Should be Considered as Diversity
title: 136; label: Hierarchy of Stigma
title: 137; label: Chapter 4
title: Prejudice Against People with Disabilities, Part 2: Today in the United States
pagenum: 143; label: The Media's Portrayal of People With Disabilities
title: 144; label: Effect of the Media on PWDs
title: 146; label: Crime, Abuse, and People With Disabilities
title: 147; label: Practices that Promote Prejudice and Discrimination
title: 150; label: Simulation Exercises
title: 150; label: Impression Management
title: 154; label: "Disabled Heroes"
title: 155; label: The Drawbacks to Having Disabled Heroes, or Super Crips
title: 158; label: Assisted Suicide
title: 160; label: The Story of Larry McAfee, or There Is a Better Solution
title: 161; label: Support for Assisted Suicide of PWDs
title: 162; label: Pitfalls of Assisted Suicide
title: 163; label: Abortion of Fetuses With Disabilities
title: 164; label: Infanticide of Newborns With Disabilities
title: 166; label: Four Societal Responses to Disability
title: 166; label: Charity Telethons, or "Elephants Running in the Forest"
title: 167; label: Preferential Treatment
title: 173; label: Compensation and Benefits
title: 174; label: Civil Rights for PWDs
title: 176; label: What Is Justice?
title: 177; label: Everyone Receives Equal Treatment
title: 178; label: Everyone Receives What He or She Has Earned
title: 179; label: Everyone Receives What He or She Needs
title: 180; label: Chapter 5
title: Experiencing Prejudice and Discrimination (Handicapism)
pagenum: 181; label: Stereotyping
title: 182; label: Pity
title: 186; label: Role Entrapment
title: 188; label: Lowered Expectations, or "Let's Give Those Poor Disabled People a Break"
title: 191; label: Lack of Privacy
title: 194; label: Hypervisibility and Over-observation
title: 195; label: Solo Status
title: 200; label: Poster Children
title: 202; label: Token Status
title: 203; label: Paternalism
title: 203; label: Viewing PWDs as Objects
title: 210; label: Viewing PWDs as Animals
title: 212; label: Unnecessary Dependence
title: 215; label: Marginality
title: 219; label: Equal Social Status Relationships
title: 223; label: Section 3
title: The Individual and Disability
pagenum: 227; label: Chapter 6
title: The Individual's Response to Disability
pagenum: 229; label: View From the Outside Versus Life on the Inside
title: 231; label: Myths Held by PWODs
title: 231; label: Acceptance of Disability or Response to Disability
title: 233; label: What Is a Good Response to a Disability?
title: 235; label: What Is a Poor Response to a Disability?
title: 236; label: The Stage Model of Adaptation to Disability
title: 237; label: The Stages of Response in Disability
title: 239; label: Shock or Initial Impact
title: 239; label: Defensive Retreat or Denial
title: 241; label: Depression or Mourning
title: 245; label: The Difference Between Grieving a Disability and Society's "Requirement to Mourn"
title: 246; label: Regression
title: 248; label: Personal Questioning, Anger, or Both
title: 249; label: Integration and Acceptance
title: 251; label: Transcendence
title: 251; label: Finding Meaning and Purpose in the Disability
title: 253; label: Reevaluating Goals and Priorities
title: 256; label: Discovering Strengths
title: 258; label: Assisting Other PWDs
title: 260; label: Advantages of the Stage Theory
title: 261; label: Cautions in Implementing the Stage Theory
title: 263; label: Appendix 6.A: First-Person Narratives of People with Disabilities
title: 267; label: Chapter 7
title: The Onset and Diagnosis of the Disability
pagenum: 269; label: Factors That Affect the Impact of the Onset of Disability
title: 270; label: Time of Onset
title: 271; label: Parents of Children With Congenital Disabilities
title: 274; label: Atypical Childhood Experiences
title: 279; label: Abuse and Neglect of Children With Congenital Disabilities
title: 282; label: A Large Number of Adults With Whom to Relate
title: 282; label: Prelingual Deafness
title: 284; label: Congenital Blindness or Blindness Acquired in Infancy
title: 287; label: Residential Schools
title: 288; title: The Cost of Residential Schools to PWODs; label: Acquired Disabilities
title: 291; label: Acquired Disabilities and Prejudice and Discrimination
title: 292; title: An Acquired Disability Often Requires a Change of Identity; label: The Developmental Stage of Acquisition
title: 295; label: Infancy and Preschool Children
title: 297; label: School-Age Children
title: 298; label: Adolescence
title: 299; label: Early Adulthood
title: 301; label: Middle Adulthood
title: 304; label: Age 65 and Older
title: 306; label: Chapter 8
title: Type of Onset and the Individual's Response
pagenum: 309; label: Type of Onset
title: 310; label: Acute-Onset Disabilities
title: 311; label: Insidious-Onset Disabilities
title: 311; label: The Impact of a Long Prediagnosis Period
title: 312; label: Lack of a Diagnosis Does Not Mean Absence of Impairment
title: 314; label: The Course of the Disability
title: 316; label: The Phases or Stages of the Course of a Disability
title: 318; label: The Four Types of Courses
title: 319; label: Stable Course Disabilities
title: 320; label: Episodic Course Disabilities
title: 321; label: Degenerative Course Disabilities
title: 327; label: Degenerating Episodic Disabilities
title: 330; label: Communication Difficulties
title: 330; label: The Meaning of the Loss of Functioning
title: 332; label: Severity of the Disability
title: 334; label: Quality of Life
title: 336; label: Pain and Trauma of the Disability
title: 338; label: Chronic Pain
title: 339; label: More About Pain
title: 341; label: Chapter 9
title: More on the Individual's Response to Disability
pagenum: 343; label: The Degree of Stigma Directed Toward the Disability
title: 344; label: Stigma by Association
title: 346; label: The Degree of Visibility of the Disability
title: 346; label: The Degree of Disfigurement of the Disability
title: 353; label: Disfigurements as Social Handicaps
title: 353; label: The Treatment of Individuals With Disfiguring Disabilities
title: 355; label: The Importance of Social Support for Individuals With Disfiguring Disabilities
title: 356; label: Prognosis of the Disability
title: 358; label: Autonomy, Independence, and Control
title: 359; label: The Importance of Support Groups
title: 363; label: Support Groups Help to Reduce Isolation
title: 364; label: Support Groups Normalize the Experience of Disability
title: 367; label: Support Groups Provide Role Models
title: 369; label: Services
title: 370; label: Institutionalized Work Disincentives
title: 371; label: Conclusion
title: 372; label: Epilogue
title: 375; label: What Is Disability History?
title: 375; label: Why Has There Been No Disability History?
title: 376; label: The Importance of Disability History
title: 378; label: References
title: 381; label: Author Index
title: 407; label: Subject Index
title: 415; label: About the Author
title: 427