CYTOKINE LEVELS FOLLOWING IN-VITRO STIMULATION OF THP-1 CELLS BY PERTUSSIS CONTAINING VACCINE COMPONENTS.
Contributors: University of California, Los Angeles.
Published: 1995
Number of pages: 110
Subjects: Health Sciences, Nursing.; Health Sciences, Immunology.; Health Sciences, Medicine and Surgery.
Description: Several of the symptoms seen in a reaction to whole-cell pertussis vaccine (DTP) i.e. lethargy, fever, shock, are similar to physiological responses to the circulating monokines IL-6, IL-1, and TNF$\alpha.$ The acellular form of the vaccine (DTaP) induces minimal symptomatology in humans. In vivo and in vitro cytokine production following vaccination have been described, however, the direct comparison of the effects of these two vaccines has not been well characterized. In this study, we examined the ability of DTP and DTaP to stimulate IL-6, IL-1, and TNF$\alpha$ production in vitro in a human monocytic cell line, THP-1. DTP induced significantly more of these cytokines than did DTaP (p $<$ 0.001).

To evaluate the possible contributions of components of DTP to IL-6 stimulation, THP-1 cells were cultured with DTP, diphtheria and tetanus toxoid vaccine (DT), heat killed Bordetella pertussis preparations, pertussis endotoxin, E. coli endotoxin or purified pertussis toxin in the presence or absence of Polymyxin B, an inhibitor of endotoxin activity. Polymyxin B completely inhibited IL-6 production induced by pertussis endotoxin and E. coli endotoxin, but only partially inhibited that from DTP and the other pertussis preparations. DT, a low endotoxin vaccine, stimulated a small IL-6 response that was not inhibited by polymyxin. Pertussis toxin did not stimulate IL-6 production by THP-1 cells.

These results indicate that DTP is a more potent stimulator of IL-6, IL-1, and TNF$\alpha$ than DTaP, and suggest that some component(s) of DTP other than pertussis toxin or pertussis endotoxin is contributing to the induction of IL-6. DT and pertussis endotoxin contribute to approximately 75% of the IL-6 response, other Bordetella pertussis toxins are likely to be responsible for the other 25%.
Notes: Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 56-09, Section: B, page: 4812.

Thesis (D.N.SC.)--UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES, 1995.

School code: 0031.