The dynamics of judicial proof
Subtitle: computation, logic, and common sense
By: Marilyn MacCrimmon, Peter Tillers, editors
Series: Studies in fuzziness and soft computing -- v. 94
Publisher: Physica-Verlag
Published: 2002
Place of publication: Heidelberg; New York
Language: eng
Number of pages: 494
Subjects: Soft computing; Fuzzy systems; Proof theory; Artificial intelligence
Description: Fact finding in judicial proceedings is a dynamic process. This collection of papers considers whether computational methods or other formal logical methods developed in disciplines such as artificial intelligence, decision theory, and probability theory can facilitate the study and management of dynamic evidentiary and inferential processes in litigation. The papers gathered here have several epicenters, including (i) the dynamics of judicial proof, (ii) the relationship between artificial intelligence or formal analysis and "common sense," (iii) the logic of factual inference, including (a) the relationship between causality and inference and (b) the relationship between language and factual inference, (iv) the logic of discovery, including the role of abduction and serendipity in the process of investigation and proof of factual matters, and (v) the relationship between decision and inference.
Notes: Includes bibliographical references.
Table of contents: title: Machine generated contents note: Notes on Contributors xi; title: Acknowledgments xix; title: INTRODUCTION; title: Making Sense of the Process of Proof in Litigation 3; title: Peter Tillers; title: PART ONE: COMMON SENSE REASONING; title: Artificial Intelligence, Mindreading, and Reasoning in Law 21; title: John A. Barnden and Donald M. Peterson; title: Common Sense, Rationality and the Legal Process 43; title: Ronald J. Allen; title: What Is "Common" about Common Sense? Cautionary Tales for; title: Travelers Crossing Disciplinary Boundaries 55; title: Marilyn MacCrimmon; title: PART TWO: FUZZY AND ROUGH LOGIC; title: From Computing with Numbers to Computing with Words:; title: From Manipulation of Measurements to Manipulation of Perceptions 81; title: Lotfi A. Zadeh; title: Fuzzy Logic and Its Application to Legal Reasoning -; title: A Comment to Professor Zadeh 119; title: Ron A. Shapira; title: A Primer on Rough Sets: A New Approach to Drawing; title: Conclusions from Data 135; title: Zdzislaw Pawlak; title: PART THREE: THE STRUCTURE OF FACTUAL INFERENCE IN JUDICIAL SETTINGS; title: Alternative Views of Argument Construction from a Mass of Evidence 145; title: David A. Schum; title: Explaining Relevance 179; title: Paolo Garbolino; title: Theories of Uncertainty: Explaining the Possible Sources of; title: Error in Inferences 197; title: Vern R. Walker; title: Models of Data Generation vs. Models of Events that Generate Data 237; title: Ward Edwards; title: PART FOUR: DYNAMIC INFERENCE AND CHOICE IN DYNAMIC ENVIRONMENTS; title: Action and Procedure in Reasoning 243; title: Johan van Benthem; title: Decision Analysis and Law 261; title: Ronald A. Howard; title: PART FIVE: ABDUCTIVE INFERENCE; title: Serendipity and Abduction in Proofs, Presumptions and Emerging Laws 273; title: Pek van Andel and Daniele Bourcier; title: On the Proof Dynamics of Inference to the Best Explanation 287; title: John R. Josephson; title: Species of Abductive Reasoning in Fact Investigation in Law 307; title: David A. Schum; title: Abductive Reasoning in Law: Taxonomy and Inference to the; title: Best Explanation 337; title: Kola Abimbola; title: PART SIX: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE: "INTELLIGENT" PROCEDURES FOR; title: DRAWING INFERENCES IN STATIC AND DYNAMIC LEGAL ENVIRONMENTS; title: Computational Inference for Evidential Reasoning in Support of; title: Judicial Proof 345; title: Tod S. Levitt and Kathryn Blackmond Laskey; title: Logical Argumentation, Abduction and Bayesian Decision Theory:; title: A Bayesian Approach to Logical Arguments and Its Application to; title: Legal Evidential Reasoning 385; title: David Poole; title: Structured Deliberation for Dynamic Uncertain Inference 397; title: Paul Snow and Marianne Belis; title: PART SEVEN: JUDICIAL PROOF AND ECONOMIC RATIONALITY; title: Saving Desdemona 419; title: Ron A. Shapira; title: Othello Could Not Optimize: Economics, Hearsay, and Less; title: Adversary Systems 437; title: Craig R. Callen; title: PART EIGHT: CAUSALITY; title: Causality and Responsibility 457; title: Glenn Shafer; title: Liability for Increased Risk of Harm: A Lawyer's Response to; title: Professor Shafer 479; title: Melanie B. Leslie.