Oral history interview with Modjeska Simkins, November 15, 1974
Subtitle: interview G-0056-1, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007)
Contributors: Hall, Jacquelyn Dowd, interviewer; Southern Oral History Program; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Documenting the American South (Project); University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Library
Edition: Electronic ed.
Publisher: University Library, UNC-Chapel Hill
Published: 2007
Place of publication: [Chapel Hill, N.C.]
Language: eng
Subjects: Interviews; African American women civil rights workers; Civil rights movements; Leadership in women; African Americans; Civil rights; Race relations; South Carolina Commission on Interracial Cooperation
Other titles: Interview G-0056-1, Southern Oral History Program Collection (#4007); Interview with Modjeska Simkins, November 15, 1974; Oral histories of the American South.
Description: Modjeska Simkins was born into a prosperous African American family in Columbia, South Carolina, in 1899. Simkins begins the interview by briefly describing her family background and her upbringing. The daughter of an educated African American woman and an accomplished bricklayer whose birth was the product of an interracial relationship during Reconstruction, Simkins describes growing up on a sizeable farm and attending private school at Benedict College, where she completed her elementary, secondary, and collegiate education. In describing her childhood, Simkins focuses on describing what she calls her lack of "color consciousness" in relationship to her own racial heritage and her education. In addition, she emphasizes the impact of her parents' "fearlessness" and their determination to help those less fortunate. Simkins cites their example as particularly influential in her own decision to later become involved in the South Carolina Interracial Commission and similar organizations, including the NAACP and the Southern Negro Youth Conference. In the second part of this two-part interview (G-0056-2), Simkins describes her involvement in various organizations in much more detail; however, in this portion of the interview she focuses more specifically on her involvement in the Interracial Commission, especially during its formative years in the 1920s and its evolution into the 1930s and 1940s. In so doing, she addresses the work of the Interracial Commission in confronting segregation and lynching. Of particular interest to researchers is her discussion of the roles of women in leadership positions within social justice movements during the 1920s and her effort to differentiate between the unique capabilities that Southern social hierarchies afforded African American women and white women. Finally, Simkins offers a number of illuminating anecdotes regarding racial tension throughout the interview.
Notes: Title from menu page (viewed on July 18, 2008).

Interview participants: Modjeska Simkins, interviewee; Jacquelyn Hall, interviewer.

Duration: 01:34:55.

This electronic edition is part of the UNC-CH digital library, Documenting the American South.  It is a part of the collection Oral histories of the American South.

Text encoded by Jennifer Joyner.  Sound recordings digitized by Aaron Smithers.

Text (HTML and XML/TEI source file) and audio (MP3); 2 files: ca. 154.5 kilobytes, 173 megabytes.

Original version: Southern Oral History Program Collection, (#4007), Series G, Southern women, interview G-0056-1, Manuscripts Department, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Transcribed by Joe Jaros. Original transcript: 42 p.

Funding from the Institute of Museum and Library Services supported the electronic publication of this interview.

Mode of access: World Wide Web.

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