Body and Soul
Subtitle: The Black Panther Party and the Fight against Medical Discrimination
By: Alondra Nelson
Publisher: University of Minnesota Press
Published: 2011
Place of publication: Minneapolis; London
Language: eng
Number of pages: 289
ISBN-13: 9780816676484; 9780816676491
Copyright date: 2011
Subjects: Medical care; Black Panther Party; Race discrimination; Discrimination in medical care; Minorities
Description: Between its founding in 1966 and its formal end in 1980, the Black Panther Party blazed a distinctive trail in American political culture. The Black Panthers are most often remembered for their revolutionary rhetoric and militant action. Here the author recovers a lesser known aspect of the organization's broader struggle for social justice: health care. The Black Panther Party's health activism, its network of free health clinics, its campaign to raise awareness about genetic disease, and its challenges to medical discrimination, was an expression of its founding political philosophy and also a recognition that poor blacks were both underserved by mainstream medicine and overexposed to its harms. Drawing on extensive historical research as well as interviews with former members of the Black Panther Party, she argues that the Party's focus on health care was both practical and ideological. Building on a long tradition of medical self-sufficiency among African Americans, the Panthers' People's Free Medical Clinics administered basic preventive care, tested for lead poisoning and hypertension, and helped with housing, employment, and social services. In 1971, the party launched a campaign to address sickle cell anemia. In addition to establishing screening programs and educational outreach efforts, it exposed the racial biases of the medical system that had largely ignored sickle cell anemia, a disease that predominantly affected people of African descent. The Black Panther Party's understanding of health as a basic human right and its engagement with the social implications of genetics anticipated current debates about the politics of health and race. That legacy and that struggle continues today in the commitment of health activists and the fight for universal health care.
Notes: Includes bibliographical references and index.
Table of contents: title: Introduction : serving the people body and soul; title: African American responses to medical discrimination before 1966; title: Origins of Black Panther Party health activism; title: The people's free medical clinics; title: Spin doctors : the politics of sickle cell anemia; title: As American as cherry pie : contesting the biologization of violence; title: Conclusion : race and health in the post-civil rights era.