Davis & Lachlan methods. Straight talk about communication research methods (3RD Ed.)
Publisher: Kendall-Hun
Published: 2017
Format: PDF
Number of pages: 488
ISBN-13: 9781524916138
Other titles: NO
First sentence: Welcon1eto StraightTr1/kaboutCo111,111itnicnRteiosenarchMethods!Tl1rough this textbook wel1ope you will catch our exciten1e11twitl1research. Your autl1orsare researchers who- amazingly enougl1- love doing research. We 1naybe crazy, ai1dwe 1nay be acadenuc 11erds,but tl1at's11otwl1y we love research. We think research is FUN! We feel investigatit1g, followit1gleads, ru1dsolvi11g puzzles is
exc1tu1g .
Description: Researchers are like detectives. Both are trying to find something out. Both are asking and answering questions. Both are trying to put together a puzzle to come up with a solution. In both, answering questions leads to more questions. And, in both, seeing patterns is crucial to solving the puzzle.

Straight Talk about Communication Research Methods presents the foundations of research methods, the choices scholars make, and the methodological decisions driving communication scholarship to balance one’s desire to know and inquire into interesting communication questions while instilling an enthusiasm about the process!

Featuring a student friendly writing style, Straight Talk about Communication Research Methods is built on adult learning theory – information is given in small chunks that build upon each other, repeating then expanding knowledge.

Featuring updated information and examples, the new third edition of Straight Talk about Communication Research Methods:

Is Modern!  The text includes material on conducting research on, and involving, social and digital media.
Is Practical! Examples of how students might use communication research methods in business and industry jobs after graduation are integrated throughout.
Is Groundbreaking!  The text features four chapters that summarize new qualitative research methods along with comprehensive instructions on how to conduct these research methods.
Is Interactive!  A seamlessly integrated enhanced learning package provides both students and instructors access to online content, interactive exercises and more.
Notes: NO
Table of contents: title: BRIEF CONTENTS; title: PART I-Introduction to Communication Research; title: 1; title: 3; title: 27 45 65; title: 89; title: 91; title: 107; title: 123; title: 145; title: 163; title: 185; title: 187; title: Analysis 221; title: 239 255; title: 305; title: Cl1apter 1- Cl1apter2-; title: Cl1apter 3- Cl1apter 4; title: What Is Co11unu1ucatio11Researcl1?; title: Metatheoretical Considerations, Researc l1 Perspectives ,; title: and Research Paradig,ns; title: Discoverit1g\Nhat 'sAlready Known: Library Researcl1 Writing a Literature Review; title: PART 2-Preparing to Conduct Research; title: Cl1apter 5- Cl1apter6- Chapter 7- Chapter 8- Cl1apter 9-; title: Research Questions, Objectives, a11dHypotheses Understa 1ding Research Ethics; title: Understa11ding Variables; title: Understai1ding San1pling; title: Ensuru1g Validity, Reliability, ai1dCredibility PART 3-Research Under the Quantitative Paradigm; title: Cl1apt er 10- Chapter 11-; title: Cl1apter 12- Cl1apter 13-; title: Survey Researcl1 Quantitative A.i1aJysisof Text; title: a1d Words:; title: Content; title: and; title: Interaction; title: PART 4; title: Research Under the Qualitative Paradigm; title: Cl1apt er 14 Chapter 15- Cl1apt er 16-; title: Cl1apter 17-; title: Ii1troduction to Qualitative Connnunicatio11 Researc l1; title: SociaJ Scie.nce Qualitative Approacl1es to Co1nmru1ication Research 345; title: SociaJ Co11structionist a11dArts-Based Qualitative Ap1Jroaches to Corm11unicatio11Researc l1 389; title: RbetoricaJ Approac l1es to Communication Research 419; title: Exper.iments; title: Writing,AnaJyzing, and Critiquu1g Qumtitative; title: Re search; title: 307; title: iii; title: IV CoMMUNIC/t170N R.ESEAltCH METHO DS; title: Appendices; title: 435; title: Appendix A- Writu1g Research Proposals 437 Appendix B- Sa111lpe Infor1ned Conse nt Forn1 439; title: Appendix C- How Your Obj ective, Resea rch Question, and/or Hypothesis Relates; title: to Your Metl1odol.ogy 441; title: Appendix D- Statistics D ecisi0. 11Chart AppendixE-StyleManualSumn1ary(APA,MLA,Chicago) 445; title: Index 447; title: 44 3; title: •; title: CONTENTS; title: Preface Acknowledgn1ents About the Authors; title: PART 1:INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATION RESEARCH Chapter 1: What Is Communication Research? 3; title: .; title: XX I ..; title: XXVll; title: .; title: XXlX; title: 1; title: Chapter Outlin e 3 Key Terms 3; title: 4; title: Researcl1 5; title: Co1ru11unicatio1a1s Social Research 6 Co1ru11U11icatioans I-Im11anitiesResearcl1 6 Co1ru11unicatio1a1s Crjtical or Cultural Researcl1; title: Cl1apter Objectives; title: What Will YouDo with the Infonnatio11YouLearn in clusCourse? 4 What Is Researcl1? 5; title: H ow Is Researcl1Knowledg e Distributed? Acade1nicPublishing 7; title: Social Dialogue a11dPublic Policy; title: Con11nunjcation u1the Popttlar Press How Do ·weKnow What We Kno,v?; title: 7; title: 7; title: 8 9; title: W11ereDoesKl1owledgeCome From?; title: 9; title: 13; title: Experience; title: T enacity; title: At1thority TI·aditio11sC,ustoms,andFaith 12 Magic, Superstition, a11d/orMysticis1n Inuiition or Hunche s 13; title: A Priori Reasoni1g 13; title: O verg e11eralizatio 11 14; title: 10 11; title: 10; title: What's Wro11gwitl1Everyday Ways of Knowu1g? AccUI·acy 14; title: 14; title: 7; title: V; title: VI; title: T CoMMUNIC/t770N R.£ IEA!tCH METffO() I; title: Cogrutive Conservatis1n 14; title: Co11u·adictoryKnowledge 14 Scie11tificReasoning 15; title: Wl1at Do Communication Researchers Do? 16; title: Wl1at Specific Areas Do Communication Researcl1ers Study? 16; title: Scholarly Researcl1 16 Applied Research 17; title: Nothing asPracticalasaGoodTheory 18; title: \\ That Are Some Examples of Communicatio .n Research? 18; title: W11ere Do Commmucation Researchers Study? 18; title: In Busi11eses and Organi zations In Media 19; title: In Health Care 20; title: In Interpersonal Interactio11s; title: So What? 22 Glossary 22; title: 19; title: 21; title: Refere11ces 23; title: Chapter 2: Metatheoretical Considerations, Research Perspectives,; title: and Research Paradigms 27; title: Chapter Outlit1e 27; title: Key Terms 27; title: Chapter Objectives; title: What Are tl1eGoals and Metl1ods of Conununication Scholars; title: and Everyday Observers? 28; title: M etatheor etical Co11sideratio11s 28; title: 011tology Epistemology; title: 29; title: 29; title: Axiology; title: Research P erspectives and Paradigms 30; title: Posi tivis1n 31 Interpretivis1n; title: 32 Critical Perspective 33; title: 30; title: 28; title: Types of Researcl1 36; title: Propri etary Research 36; title: Scholarly Researcl1 36; title: Cl1a.racetristicc;of Scholarly Researcl1 36; title: Two Logical Systen1s 37 L1ductive Model 37; title: D eductive Model 38; title: Mod el of D eduction/Indt1ctio11; title: Qualitative and Quantitative Researcl1 Qualitati ve Researcl1 39 Quantitative Researcl1 40; title: So vVhat? 42; title: 39; title: 39; title: G lossa ry 42 References 43; title: Chapter 3: Discovering What's Already Known: Library Research 45; title: Cl1apter Outlii1e 45 Key Tern1s 45; title: Chapter Objectives 45; title: 'What Are tJ1e Purpo ses of Library R esearc h? 46; title: Types of Research 46 Pri11aryResearch 47 Secondary Research 47; title: Pl1asesof Research 48; title: Usii1g Library Research to Corne Up \\ritl1Your Research Questio11 49 Research Sources 50; title: Sd1olarJyJournal s; title: H ow Do You Access Scl1olarly Journal s? 54; title: Findi11gResearch Sources Usi11g Search Strategies Evaluatit1g Research Sources 55; title: How to Read a)ournalArticle 58 Taki1gNoteson Researcl1 61; title: So What ? 63 G lossary 63; title: Refere 11ces 63; title: Chapter 4: Writing a Literature Review; title: Cl1apter Outlii1e 65 Key Terms 65; title: 51; title: 65; title: Organizii1gtheLiterature Review 71 Citatio11s 72; title: Avoidu1gPlagiarisn1 72 Writing Styles 74; title: American Psycl1ological A<;sociatio11(APA) Style (6th editio11, 2nd printin g) 75; title: Cl1apter Objective s; title: What 's tl1e Purpo se of a Lit eratu re Review ?; title: 65; title: What Is a Literature Review? 67; title: 66 Ai1notated Bibliograp hy versus Syi1thesis of the Literature; title: 67; title: Body of the Paper Reference List; title: In -Text Citat ions; title: 75 80; title: 83; title: Moder n L anguage Associatio n (MLA) Style (8tl1 editi o11); title: 84; title: Chicago Style (16th edition) 85 CommonGra111111atilcEarrors 86; title: So What ? 87; title: 55; title: CoNTENTI; title: -Y VII; title: VIII 'Y CoMMUNICA170N R.E.fEARCHMETHOt>I; title: Glossary 88 References 88; title: PART 2: PREPARING TO CONDUCT RESEARCH; title: Chapter 5: Research Questions , Objectives , and Hypotheses 91; title: Chapter Outlu1e 91; title: KeyTerms 91; title: Cl1apter Obj ectives; title: I-low Do YouDesig11Good Quality Researcl1tl1roughAppropriate; title: Questio11sand Hypotheses? 92; title: W11atAre cl1eFm1ctions of'rl1eory, Researcl1Objectives, Research; title: Questions, and Hypoth eses? 92 W11atAre Research Objectives? 93; title: How Do You Ask Researcl1Qu estio1s? 95; title: Types of Research Qu estions about CoID111unication 96 Questions of Definition 96; title: Question-; of Fact 97; title: ·w11atAre Researcl1Hypocl1eses? 98 N ull Hypotheses 99; title: Forn1s of Relationships in Hypoth eses 100 Directional a11dNondirectionaJ Hypotheses 102; title: How Do You Set Up Good Researcl1 Questions? 102 Co11ceptualD efinitions 103; title: Operational Defmitions 103; title: 89; title: 91; title: What Are tl1e Boru1daries of Researcl1 Questio11s a11dHypothes es? 104; title: How Is Metatheory Related to Research Questions and Hypotheses? 105; title: 105 105; title: So What? Glossary Refer e11ces; title: l 06; title: Chapter 6:Understanding Research Ethics; title: 107; title: Chapter Outlu1e 107; title: KeyTerms lO7; title: Chapter Objectives 107; title: W11yDo vVeCare about Human Subjects Pr otectio 1? 108; title: How Do We Follow Resear cl1Etliics ai1dEtlucal Guidelines? 110; title: Respect for Perso11s and Inforn1ed Consent 110; title: No11IDalefice11caend Benefice11ec 113 Justice 115; title: Ii1cluding Participants ii1Co-Constructed Researcl1 116 Ethjcs in Reportin g Fi11dings 117; title: W110Oversees Reseai·ch Ethics? I11stitut ional Review Boards (IRBs) Ho"vDo We Maintain Ethics tlirough all Researcl1Phases? 118 So What ? 119; title: 118; title: Glossary 120; title: References 121; title: Chapter 7: Understanding Variables 123; title: Chapter Outlit1e 123 Key Terms 124; title: Cl1apter Obj ectives 124; title: What Is tl1e Functio11ofVariables in Co1nmuni:cationResearch? 124; title: ·What IsaVariable? 124; title: Revisiting Co11ceptualand Operatio11alDefinitio11s 125; title: Co 1ceptual D efinitions 125 Operational Definitions 125; title: Measured Operational Definitions 125; title: Experiin ental Operationa l Defii1itio11s 126 Operatio 1alizi11g: Matclling Your Variables to Your Study; title: Conceptua l Fit 126 Measl1ringVariables 127; title: Self-Report 27; title: SocialDesirability Bias in Self-Report data; title: Other Report 128; title: Lin1itatio1s1 u1 Otl1er Report s 128; title: Observing Bel1avior 128; title: Hawtl1orne Effect Bias in Observing Behaviors; title: Triangulation 129 Measu r ement 129; title: No 1ninal Level Measurement 129 Ordii1alLevel Measurement 130 I11tervalLevelMeasw·eme11t 130; title: Likert Scale 132; title: Se1nanticDiffere11tialScale 133 Ratio Level i\1easuren1e11t 134; title: Types ofVariables 134; title: Indepe ndent Variables 135; title: Depe1dentVariables 135; title: Examples of h1dependent and Depe11dentVariables; title: Extra1eousVariables 136 Confoundii1g Variables 136; title: Mediatin g Variables 138; title: Moderating Variables 138; title: Th e Different Types of Relatio11ships between ·variables; title: Reversible and Irr eversible Relatio11hsips 139 D eter 1n inistic and Stochastic Relatio 1ships 139; title: Sequential and Coextensive Relationslups 140 Sufficie11tand Contii1gent Relationship s 140; title: Necessary and Substitutable Relation ships 140 Tl1e Dm1ensions ofVariab les 140; title: U11-idinen1sional Co11cepts 141 Multidi:n1ensional Concepts 141; title: 126; title: 127; title: 128; title: 135; title: 139; title: UJHTENT I; title: 'f' IX; title: X 'Y CoMMUNICATION R..£.rEAR.CHMETHODS; title: So What? 141 Glossary 141; title: Refere11ces 142; title: Chapter 8:Understanding Sampling; title: Cl1apter Outlii1e 145; title: Key Terms 145; title: Chapter Objectives 146; title: How Lnportant Is Sampling? 146 San1pfu1gTheory 146; title: Ge11eralizabilityand Representation Sampling Frame 148; title: Unit of A.i1alysisor Sampling Units Sa1nplit1gii1Qua11titative Research 149; title: 145; title: 146; title: 148; title: 149; title: 150; title: 153; title: 159 Tl1eoretical Construct Sampli11g 159; title: Typical ai1dExtreme Lista11ceSamplmg 159 Sa111lpe Size and Data Saturation 160; title: So vVhat? 160 G lossary 160 References 161; title: Chapter 9: Ensuring Validity, Reliability, and Credibility 163; title: Sampling Methods 149; title: Rand o1n Sa1npli11g 149 Sin1ple Randotn Sa1nple 149; title: Systen1atic Rando1n Sai11ple Stratified Sample 150 Proportional Stratified Sample; title: Cluster Samplmg Nonrai1dom Sampling; title: Co11venience Samp le Volunteer Sample; title: S11owball Sainpli11g; title: Network Srunplir1g Adva11tagesand Disadvantages; title: 151; title: 15 1; title: 151 l 52; title: Response Rate and Refusal Rate Sainple Size and Power 154; title: Sampli1igm Qualitative Researcl1; title: San1pling Methods Pl1rposive Sa1npling; title: 157; title: Quota Sa1n1)lmg; title: Maximum Variation Samplmg; title: Cl1apter Outlii1e Key Terms 163; title: 163; title: 152; title: 158 158; title: Cl1apter Objectives 164; title: Tl1mking about the Quality of Your Observatio .ns 164; title: W11atIs Reliable? What Is Valid? What Is Credible? 164 Reliability 165; title: 152; title: 153 157; title: Physical aJ1dSocial Measurement 165 Ra11domError 166; title: Types of Reliability Test-Retest 166; title: 166; title: Alternate Form 166 Split-Half 167; title: Item-Total 167; title: Int er-Coder 167 Reliability Statistics; title: 168; title: Validity 169 I<nowingW11atYouAreMeasurii1g 169 Face Validity 170; title: Criterio 1Validity; title: 170 Predictive V.:-tlidity 170; title: Concurrent Validity Construct Validity 171; title: 171; title: Convergent Validity 171; title: Discri1nii1a11Vtalidity 171 Validity and Reliability Exai11ples 172; title: Proble1ns with Participai1ts ai1dPr ocedures 175; title: History Maturatio11; title: Testi11g Instn1mentatio11 177; title: Hawtl1orne Effect 177 E)._1:1e1ralValidity Threats 178; title: Ecological Validity Threats 178 Credibility 179; title: Men1ber Checks 179; title: Data Triai1gulatio11 179; title: Credible Data Gathering, Coding, and Writing 179 Peer Reviews 180; title: So What? 181 Glossa1y 181; title: Refere11ces 182; title: PART 3: RESEARCH UNDER THE QUANTITATIVE PARADIGM 185 Chapter 10: Survey Research 187; title: Cl1apter Outline Key Terms 187 Chapter Objectives; title: Why Surveys? St1rveyResearch; title: 187 188; title: 188 188; title: 175 176; title: 176; title: Applicatio1s of Stirvey Research 189; title: Survey Research Measuring Attitudes 189; title: UJHTENTI; title: ~ XI; title: XII; title: CcMMUNIC/t170N R.ffEAR.CH M ETHODS; title: St1rveyResearch Measuring Retrospect ive Behaviors 190 Politi cal P olls 191; title: Evaluatio11Researcl1 192; title: Mark et Research; title: D esigi1Concer11s 193; title: Samplii1g 193 Cross-Sectional Desigt1 194 Longitudinal Design 195; title: Tre.nd Study 195 Col1ort Study 195; title: Panel Study 196 Measurement Tecl1niques 197; title: Constructing aSttrVeyQuestionnaire 198 Writii1g Survey Questions 198; title: Strategies for Questions 198 Types of Questio ns 200; title: Structure and Arrange1ne11tof Qu estions 201 Ho w to Choose tl1e Right Format 202; title: Survey Adt11.Usutra tio1 202 Researcher-Adin inistered 203 Self-Administered 203 Interviews 204; title: Relative Pros/Cons of Differe11tSurvey Methods 207 SoWhat? 217; title: Glossary 2 18 Refere11ces 218; title: Chapter 11: Quantitative Analysis of Text and Words : Content and Interaction Analysis 221; title: Chapter Outlit1e 221 KeyTerms 221; title: Cl1apter Obje ctives 222; title: Exploring Qua11titative Co1tent A.11alysis 222; title: Wl1y Analyze Co1te11t? 222 Co11tentA11alysiVsersusIi1teractio11A11yalsis 223; title: Conte11tStructure 224 Distributional Structure Ii1teractive Structure Seque.ntial Structure; title: Conte11tAt1alysisLo gic U11itizit1g 226; title: 224; title: 224 225; title: 225; title: Srunpling Units 226 Recording U1uts 226; title: Co11textU11its 227; title: 192; title: Sampling 227; title: Ra11dom San1pling 227; title: Stratified Sainpling 228 Syste1natic Sampling 228; title: Cluster Sa1npfu1g R eliabi lity 228; title: 228; title: Coder 'Il-aini11g 229; title: Inter-cod er Reliability 229 Ai1Exan1ple of tl1e Co11tentAnalysis So What? 237; title: Glossary 237; title: References 238; title: Pro cess; title: 230; title: Chapter 12:Experiments; title: Cl1apter Outlin e 239 Key Terms 239; title: Cl1apter Objectives 239 What Is an Ex p e1in1e11t?; title: 239; title: 240 Independent and D epende nt Variables; title: 240; title: 24-0 241; title: Wl1at Are h1depende11t Variables ? What 1\re Depend ent 'V.triables?; title: C':r0odQuestions for Experiments 241; title: U 1derstat1ding Experin1ental Observacio .n 242 Induction 242 Ra11don1Assign1ne11t Ternlinology 243; title: 243; title: Language 242; title: 244; title: 245; title: 246; title: D esign s and Validity; title: Pre experitn en tal De signs; title: 244; title: One Shot Case Study Desig11 244; title: One Group Pretest Posttest D esig,1 Static Group Comparison Design; title: Qt1asi-Experitne11tal Designs; title: Tun e-Series D esig11 Nonequivale11t Control; title: 245 245; title: Group D esign; title: Multiple Tim e-Se ri es D esign 11-ue Experimental De signs 246; title: 246; title: Pretest Posttest Control Grou1) D esign 247; title: Posttest-0 .nly Co11n·ol Group Solomon Fotir-Group D esign; title: Factorial Design 249 Field a11dNatural Experiments; title: De sign 247 248; title: 251; title: So What? Glossa1y; title: Ref er e 11ces; title: 252 2 5 3; title: 2 53; title: Notacio11 and; title: 242; title: CoNTENTI; title: T XIII; title: XIV; title: T CoMMUNICATTON R.£5EAR.CH METHOT>.f; title: Chapter 13: Writing, Analyzing, and Critiquing Quantitative Research 255; title: Chapter Outlu1e 255 Key Terms 255; title: Cl1apter Obj ectives 256; title: NowTl1-at I Ha ve My Qu a11titative Data ,; title: W11-aDt o I D o with It ? Statistical Analysis of Quantitati ve Data 256 Know Your Variables, Research Questio11s,and Hypothe ses 256; title: Describu1g or Summarizii1g YourVariables 261 Measure s of Central Te11de11cy 261; title: Freqt1e11cies and Visual Represe11tationof Data 262 Measures ofDispersio1 262; title: Co1nparing Groups to See ifTl 1eyAre the Saine or Different 267 Nominal Data 269; title: Ordinal Data 273; title: Int erval or Ratio (Scale) Dat a 274; title: Testing for Relationshi11s (Association) between Two ot More Variables 276; title: Non1-malData Ordm al Data; title: 277 278; title: Ratio Data 280; title: Specific Uses of Statistical Analysis 285; title: Content A.t1alysis 285 Survey Researcl1 287; title: t-T estExample 287; title: Regression Example 289 Experiments 291; title: Clu Square Exan1ple 291 Ai1alysisofVar ia11ec Exainple 292; title: Writing Quai1titative Fu1di1g1s 293; title: Ge11eral Ii1formatio11about Quantitative Writing Ele1nents of the Paper 294; title: I1troductio11a11dLiterature Revie\\' 294; title: 293; title: 299; title: RQsor H Method; title: Results; title: D iscussio11; title: Evaluating a11dCritiquing Quantitativ e Research; title: So What ? Glossary; title: 294 295; title: 297 298; title: 301; title: 30 1 303; title: Chapter 14: Introduction to Qualitative communication Research 307; title: Cl1apter Outlu1e 307 KeyTe1,ns 308; title: Refere11ces; title: PART 4:RESEARCHUNDER THE UALITATIVEPARADIGM 305; title: Chapter Objectives 309; title: Qualitative Approaches to Research 309; title: Qualitative Co1n1nunicationResearch Paradig:ins 310; title: Social Science Paradig1n 310 SocialConstructionist Pa.radig1n 311; title: Arts a11dHu1na.iuties Paradigm 312 Rhetorical Paradigm 312; title: Interpretive Researcl1 312; title: General Characteristics of Qualitative Researcl1 313; title: Researcl1Questio11sor Study Objectives in Qualitative Researcl1 313; title: The Role of Theory in Qualitative Research Sa.i11plingin Qualitative Researcl1 314 Data Collectio11i11Qualitative Research; title: 0 bservatio11s 315; title: Types of observers 316 TYlJesof observatio11s 316 Vv11aotbserversobserve 317 Field notes 317; title: 319; title: 323; title: Data Transcriptio11 326 Challenges to Tra11scription; title: Texts a11dArtifacts 327 Ethics in Qualitative Researcl1 327; title: 327; title: 313 314; title: L1-Dep tl1lnterviews; title: 1ypes ofInterviews; title: 1yp es of Questio11s; title: lnterviewit1g Tips; title: Listening in an Interview 323 Probing a11dClarifying 323 Challenges to I11terviewi11g 324; title: Human Subjects Protection; title: Caring for Participant s 328 ReHex:ivity 328; title: Participants as Co-Researcl1ers 328; title: Ai1a.Jyzinga.11dWriting Qualitative Research CocliJ1g 329; title: 329; title: 320 32 1; title: Reading the Data a.i1d1\ilaking Analytica.JNotatio11s 329 Developi1g1 a Code List 330; title: Coding your Data 331; title: Card Pile Sort Approacl1to Coding; title: Methods of Categorizing 332 Thein atic A1alysis 332; title: AI1alysisby Sensitizing Co11cepts Fran1eAna.Jysis 332; title: Social Netvvork Analysis 332 Eve11t Ai1a.Jysis 333; title: Scl1ema AJ1alysis 333 li1terpretive Tbe1natic Analysis; title: 332; title: 332; title: 333; title: Ana.JyzingQualitative Data 333; title: 326; title: UJNTENTI; title: T XV; title: XVI • CoMMUNICATION R.£5EAR.CH METHOT>.f; title: Writing Qu alitative Findings 335 Sun1111aryor Tradition al Med1od of Writing Dra1naticorSce1lici\ifetl1odofWr iting Writing Performance Texts 336; title: Evaluating and Critiquing Qualitati ve Researcl1; title: 335 336; title: 336; title: Ethical Criteria Sig1uficance Criteria; title: 337; title: 337; title: RQ Criteria; title: Desig11/Methodology Crite1i.a 337; title: 337 Sa11plii1g Criteria 337; title: Da ra Collection Analysis Criteria Writing Criteria; title: Crite1ia 337 338; title: 338 Credibility Criteria 338; title: So What ? 338 Glossary 339 Refere nces 343; title: Chapter 15: Social Science Qualitative Approaches to Communication Research 345; title: Cl1apter OutliI1e 345 Key Terms 346; title: Chapter Obje ctives 346 Social Science Paradig n1 346 Ethnography 347; title: Cl1icago School of Etlmogra p.hy; title: Etl1110 1nethodology 347; title: Ethnography of Co1runmutatio11; title: Appropriate Researcl1Questions; title: T l1e Role ofTl1eory iI1Etlm ogra pliic Research 348 San1pli11gin Ed1nography 348; title: Selecting and accessing a field site 349; title: EtlucaJ Concerns Specific to Etlmograpruc Researcl1 350 Da ta Collection in Etlmography 3 51; title: Analysis i11Etlmogra pl1y 351; title: 'Writing Ethnographic Findings 351; title: Examples of Ethn ograpl1y 353; title: Focu s Groups 354; title: App ropriat e R esearch Questions Answered by Focus; title: The Role of Tl1eory iI1Focus Group Research; title: Sa111plii1gin Focus Group R esearc l1 355; title: Da ta Collecti.011iI1 Focus Groups 355; title: F ocus grou p moderati11g o r facil itatin g 360; title: Etluc al Concerns Specific to Focus Group Research 361 Ai1alyzingFocus Groups 361; title: 347; title: 348; title: Ai1swered by Etlmography 348; title: Groups 354 355; title: Writing/Presenting tl1eFindings of Focus Group Research 362 Scholarly Exa111plesof Focus Group Researcl1 362; title: u1dustry Exa1nples of Focus Group Researcl1 367; title: GroU11dedTheo1y 368; title: Appropriate Research Qu estions Answered; title: by GroU11dedTl1eory Researcl1 368; title: Tl1e Role ofTl1eory i11Grounded Tl1eory Research; title: Sarn1JJingin Grounded Theo .ry Researcl1 368 Data Collection in Grounded Th eory Research Coding a11dAnalysis il1Groru1ded Tl1eory Research Writing Grounded Tl1eo1yFindings 370 Examples of Grounded Tl1eo1y Research; title: 368; title: 369; title: 370; title: Pl1e1101enology 371; title: Appropriate Research Questions Ans\.vered by Pl1enome11ology 372; title: Sampling in Phen.01nenology 372; title: Data Collectio .n in Pheno111e11ology 372; title: Ai1alysisin Phenomenology 373; title: Writing tl1eFindings inPheno11e111ology 374 Exa1nplesof Pl1e1101ennology 374; title: Case Study 375; title: Appropriate Research Questions Answered by Case Studies 375; title: Sampli11gin Case Study Research 376; title: Data Collection in Case Study Researcl1 376; title: Ai1a.lysis ai1dReporting Case Study Research Exa111plesof Case Study Research 377; title: 376; title: Discourse Ailalysis 377; title: Research Qu estions Addressed by Di scoUJ·seAt1alysis 377 Data Collection in Discourse Analysis 377; title: Coding i11Discourse Analysis 378; title: Writing DiscourseAt1alysisFindn1gs 379; title: Exa111pleosf Discourse Analysis 379; title: Conversation Ai1alysis(CA) 380; title: Appropriate R esearch Qu estion s Ai1s~rered by Conversation Analysis 380; title: Sarnplii1gin ConversationAnalysis 381; title: Data Collection in Conversation Analysis 381; title: Tra.i1sc1i.ptionin Conversation Analysis(CA) Coding i11Co11versationAnalysis (CA) 382; title: Writing CA Findings 382; title: Exa1nples of Conversation Ai1alysis 383 Qualitative Co.ntentAnal ysis 383; title: 381; title: Sarnpli11gin Qualitative Content Allalysis 383 Coding i11Qualitati ve Conte11tAnalysis 383; title: So What ? 385 Glossa.iy 385; title: Refere11ces 386; title: 370; title: CoNTENT.f XVII; title: XVIII; title: T COMMUNICATION R.£J£..1tRCH METHOD S; title: Chapter 16: Social Constructionist and Arts-Based Qualitative Approaches to Communication Research 389; title: Chapter Outlu1e 389 Key Terms 390; title: Cl1apter Objectives 390; title: Social Constructionist; title: Characteristics of Research U11clerthe Social Constructionist Paradigm; title: Autoetlu1ograpl1y and Personal Narratives 391; title: Appropriate R esearch Questions AnS\\,ered by Autoetl1nograpl1y; title: A.J.1alysis11Autoetht1ograpl1y; title: Exan1ples of Autoethi1ography Critical and Femiilist Et.lu1ograpl1y; title: 394 396; title: 397; title: Paradig1n 390; title: T11e R ole of Theory u1 Autoetl1 11ographic R esearch Et h.ical Concerns Specific to Autoemnograp by Sa1n1)lii1gand Data Collectio11i11Autoetru1ograpl1y; title: 392; title: 392; title: 393; title: 390 391; title: 397; title: A11propriate R esearc h Questions; title: How Cr iti cal Ethnograpl1y Uses/li1corporates Theory Etl1ical Co nc erns Spec ific to Cr itic al Etl111ography 398 Data ColJectio .n i11Cr itical Ethnography 398 A.J.1alysiasnd Writi ng in Critical Ethnograp hy 398 Comn1unication f\ctivism and CBPR 399; title: Examples of Critical and Feminist Ethnography 399; title: Holistic Ethnography 399; title: Digital and Online Etht1ograpl1y 400; title: A1Jpropriate Research Questions for Digital Etlmograp .hy 401 Ethical Consideratio n s for Digital Ethnography 401; title: Data Collection in Digital Etl1nography 4-01; title: A.J.1alysiasnd Reporti11g i11Digital Etlmography 402; title: Exan1ples of Di gital Etlu1ograpl1y 4-02 A.i·ts-Based Paradigm 402; title: Characteristics of Researcl1 Under cl1eArts-Based Paradig1n 402 Performance Studies 403; title: E thnodrama and Etl1no the atre 404; title: R esearch Questions A1Jpro1Jriate for Etl1nodra1na; title: and E tl1-notl1eatre 404; title: 404; title: Etllical Issues in Eth 11odra1na and Et lmotl1eatre Data Collection in Etl111odra11a a1d Etlmotl1eau·e A.J.1alysiisn Etlmodrama and Etlu1otheatre 405; title: 405; title: Writing Ethnodrama ai1d Etlmotheatre Performative Writing 406; title: Examples of P erformative Writing 406 Poetic Eth11ography 408; title: 405; title: Fictio n as Method 409; title: Docwnentary, Video, or VisuaJ Etn11ography 410; title: Otl1er Typ es of A.i·ts-Based Researcl1 Methods 412 So What? 412; title: Glossary 413; title: R efere11ces 414; title: Chapter 17: Rhetorical Approaches to Communication Research; title: 419; title: Cl1apter Outlii1e 419 Key Words 419; title: Cl1apter Obj ectives 419; title: Characteristics of Rhetorical Criticis1n 420; title: Appropriate Researc h Questions Answered by Rh eto rical Criti cisn1 Data i.t1RhetoricalCriticism 421; title: \iVriting Rh etor ical Criticism 421; title: Aristotelian Rl1e toric 422; title: Narratives and Rl1etori cal Criticisrn 423; title: Bl1rkean Criticis1n 425; title: Cultural Criticism 427; title: Semiotics 429; title: Rl1etor ical Criticisn1 ii1tl1e Workplace 431; title: So \\/hat? 431; title: Glossary 432; title: Refere11ces 433; title: 420; title: Appendix A: Writing R esearc l1 Proposals; title: Appendix B:Sample I11formed Co11sent Form; title: Appendix C: How Your Obj ective, Re searc h Question, a11d/or; title: Hypothesis Relates to Your .i\1ethodo logy 44 1 Appe11di.xD: Statistics Decision Chart 443; title: Appendix E: StyleMa11ualSwrunary (APA,MLA, Chicago)