PERSONAL COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH HIGH-RISK PRENATAL CARE ATTENDANCE (HEALTH CARE).
Contributors: University of Pennsylvania.
Published: 1995
Number of pages: 109
Subjects: Health Sciences, Nursing.; Health Sciences, Public Health.; Health Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Description: Strategies to control or decrease health care costs have been made by providers and third party payers that have resulted in cost shifting from the provider and third party payer to the consumer of health care. In an era of increased consumer choice, the ensuing personal costs may be one factor consumers use in selecting or attending health care and ultimately affect their health outcomes.

This study examined the personal costs associated with prenatal care for women with a high risk pregnancy and the relationship of these costs to care attendance. Personal costs included direct out-of-pocket costs (transportation to and from the health care site, child care while attending the health care site, and meals while attending care) and opportunity time costs (lost time from school/work while attending care, and total visit time).

Subjects (N = 112) experiencing pregnancies complicated by diabetes, chronic hypertension, and diagnosed or at risk for preterm labor were followed from their first visit when diagnosed as having a high risk pregnancy until delivery. Subjects were primarily medicaid recipients, urban, African American women.

Means of the individual personal costs associated with prenatal care attendance were tabulated. Correlational analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between child care costs and care attendance (n = 13, r = $-$.6, p =.02). Negative correlations were noted between transportation costs (N = 112, r = $-$.03), meal costs (n = 78, r = $-$.10), loss of wages (n = 18, r = $-$.06), time spent awaiting care (N = 112, r $-$.01), and care attendance. Of the subjects total time spent attending care, only 2.5% of the time was in receipt of physician direct care. Subjects spent a mean of 3.22 hours to receive 5 minutes of direct care. Subjects attended an average of 80% of their visits with 67% of the subjects enrolling in care before 12 weeks of gestation.

The results suggest these women were motivated to attend care. Increased child care costs were significantly associated with decreased care attendance. Negative trends were associated with other personal costs. Policy makers and providers need to continue supporting and evaluating programs that minimize personal costs such as public supported transportation services and child care services. Additionally, personal costs associated with care attendance should be considered by policy makers and providers when making decisions that may increase consumers' personal costs.
Notes: Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 56-05, Section: B, page: 2565.

Thesis (PH.D.)--UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, 1995.

School code: 0175.