jliszka/probability-monad — pull request #5 by jcazevedo (2014-01-28 20:04:06+00:00)
Title: Make the alias method numerically stable

This PR makes the `alias` method numerically stable, as recommended [here](http://www.keithschwarz.com/darts-dice-coins/). It fixes match errors in cases such as the following:

```scala
scala> discrete((0 until 300).map(_ -> 10.0 / 3.0):_*)
scala.MatchError: List() (of class scala.collection.immutable.Nil$)
at probability_monad.Distribution$$anon$19.alias(Distribution.scala:281)
at probability_monad.Distribution$$anon$19.(Distribution.scala:291)
at probability_monad.Distribution$.discrete(Distribution.scala:270)
at .(:17)
at .()
at .(:7)
at .()
at $print()
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain$ReadEvalPrint.call(IMain.scala:734)
at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain$Request.loadAndRun(IMain.scala:983)
at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain.loadAndRunReq$1(IMain.scala:573)
at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain.interpret(IMain.scala:604)
at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.IMain.interpret(IMain.scala:568)
at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.reallyInterpret$1(ILoop.scala:745)
at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.interpretStartingWith(ILoop.scala:790)
at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.command(ILoop.scala:702)
at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.processLine$1(ILoop.scala:566)
at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.innerLoop$1(ILoop.scala:573)
at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.loop(ILoop.scala:576)
at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop$$anonfun$process$1.apply$mcZ$sp(ILoop.scala:867)
at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop$$anonfun$process$1.apply(ILoop.scala:822)
at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop$$anonfun$process$1.apply(ILoop.scala:822)
at scala.tools.nsc.util.ScalaClassLoader$.savingContextLoader(ScalaClassLoader.scala:135)
at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.process(ILoop.scala:822)
at scala.tools.nsc.interpreter.ILoop.main(ILoop.scala:889)
at xsbt.ConsoleInterface.run(ConsoleInterface.scala:57)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:601)
at sbt.compiler.AnalyzingCompiler.call(AnalyzingCompiler.scala:73)
at sbt.compiler.AnalyzingCompiler.console(AnalyzingCompiler.scala:64)
at sbt.Console.console0$1(Console.scala:23)
at sbt.Console$$anonfun$apply$2$$anonfun$apply$1.apply$mcV$sp(Console.scala:24)
at sbt.TrapExit$.executeMain$1(TrapExit.scala:33)
at sbt.TrapExit$$anon$1.run(TrapExit.scala:42)
```