### animal | arthropod | insect | bee:

Honeybee
* All honeybees are social and cooperative insects
  - insects and live together in nests or hives
* Can Think.
* Most honeybees are known as bees
  - looked after by beekeepers, but there are some wild colonies
  - eat nectar
* Most honeybees have defense
  - possess pheromone
  - spread pollen
* Some honeybees have native pollinators
* Some honeybees leave enemies
  - natural enemies
  - use mandibles
* act together to generate heat.
* actually use dance to communicate.
* alone are responsible for pollinating one-third of U.S. crops.
* also pollinate foods important to wildlife
  - our flowers, fruit trees and vegetable blossoms
  - produce beeswax and other byproducts, such as bee pollen and royal jelly
* are a huge industry in Australia worth tens of millions of dollars a year.
* are also more orange, whereas yellowjackets are distinctly yellow
  - useful as pollinators
* are an example of nontarget organisms
  - important component of our agricultural economy
  - especially useful in pollination because of their social nature
  - essential for pollination and fruit development
  - fascinating and beneficial insects
  - fuzzy, are orange and black, and have a thick waist
  - harmless unless disturbed
  - highly social creatures
  - important to many crops and play a major role in the food supply
  - insects and as such are very, very susceptible to insecticides
  - light golden brown, and their bodies are covered with fuzz
* are more highly specialized in life habits and structure than grasshoppers
  - honey colored and covered with fuzzy hair
  - like dogs
  - most active during warm, sunny hours
* are native to Africa and Western Eurasia
  - Europe, Africa, and the Middle East
  - necessary to ensure adequate pollination
  - our most important pollinators of commercial crops
* are social insects that live in hives
  - large colonies
  - insects, living together in highly organized colonies
  - the best pollinators available
* are the most important natural carriers of pollen
  - producers of honey
  - only insects that produce food for humans
  - too busy to sleep
* are valuable animals
  - to farmers for the pollination of crops
* are very efficient pollinators of flowers and crops
* are very important in the pollination of crops
  - pollinators, and are the primary pollinator for many plants
  - to farmers, who often have their own colonies or hives
  - popular in the chaparral biome
* attack only when there danger to themselves or their nest.
* build large hives out of wax, high up in trees or cliffs.
* busily visit yellow and white sweet clover blossoms to gather nectar and pollen.
* can do the waggle dance without learning it from other bees, so it is an innate behavior.
* carry pollen from flower to flower.
* collect and consume nectar and pollen
  - nectar to make honey to use as a food
  - pollen on their bodies while they gather nectar to make honey
* communicate by dance the direction of a food source without formal instruction
  - dancing
  - through a language of dance, sound, and smell
* die after they have stung as their stinger is barbed and sticks in the skin
* do a dance which alerts other bees where nectar and pollen is located
  - leave a stinger attached to the skin if they sting
  - sting, but they only sting once
* establish and maintain specific sites on the comb for their waggle dances.
* extend their proboscis when learning about novel odours.
* feed on nectar from the inconspicuous flowers.
* feed on the flowers, producing what is reputed to be a choice grade of honey
  - nectar and pollen produced by flowers
* forage during daylight hours, but are equally active on cloudy or sunny days.
* gather pollen for food
  - propolis, a resin, from tree bark and leaves
* generally leave the stinger behind.
* have a remarkable social organization, most of which is maintained by odor cues
  - type of hair on their eyes
  - barbed stingers that are left behind in their victim's skin
  - chewing mouthparts used primarily to mold and form the wax of their colony
  - innate defense
  - right antennas that are more sensitive to smells
  - six eyes
  - tiny baskets on their legs for carrying pollen back to the hive
  - two jobs
* help to pollinate our crops' flowers while gathering their food
  - with pollination
* hum loudly on the flowers.
* includes air sacs
  - brains
  - carapaces
  - cell membranes
  - cells
  - corpi
  - cytoplasm
  - faces
  - flight feathers
  - heads
  - nuclei
  - plasma membranes
  - quill feathers
  - sections
  - shells
  - skulls
  - thoraxes
  - vacuoles
* leave their stingers in the wound and die after stinging.
* like to hover above clover and near flowers.
* live in hives or colonies
  - together in large groups called colonies
* love to visit the sweet-smelling blossoms, spreading pollen from flower to flower.
* make and do things that are helpful to humans
  - lots of honey, which beekeepers can harvest to eat or sell
* mark with scent and reject recently visited flowers.
* nest in beehives
  - inside a cavity usually located above the ground and make a wax honeycomb
* normally nest in dark cavities with small entrance holes such as a hollow tree.
* perform attacks
  - two other types of dance
* play a vital role in pollinating plants.
* pollinate a small percentage of crops
  - squash and zucchini
* produce another family of such proteins that are known as apidaecins
  - wax in the hive to build the honeycomb which is their home
* provide an example of an extremely sophisticated process of nest-site selection
  - interesting example of learned behavior
  - wax and honey and also play a very significant role as pollinators
* queens constantly release pheromones that regulate the activity of the hive.
* rely heavily on pheromones to communicate throughout the hive.
* stay warm by crowding together and moving their wings to generate heat.
* swarm because they have outgrown the space of their winter home, says Art.
* travel many thousands of miles in search of blossoms to make just one pound of beeswax
  - search of blossoms to produce a single pound of beeswax
* use cavities, and so do carpenter ants
  - scent to locate flowers from a distance
  - our corn feeders, mistaking the corn powder for pollen
* winter over by heating the colony.
* work very hard.
+ Handedness: Motor skills
  * The scientists changed their minds when they found that it was not just humans who have laterisation. Many animals have it, too. Honeybees have right antennas that are more sensitive to smells.
+ Instinct, Overview: Psychology :: Ethology
  * Instinctive behaviours can be variable and responsive to the environment. Any behaviour is instinctive if it is performed without being based upon prior experience, that is, in the absence of learning. Sea turtles, newly hatched on a beach, will automatically move toward the ocean, and automatically swim when they are in the water. A joey climbs into its mother's pouch upon being born. Honeybees communicate by dance the direction of a food source without formal instruction. Other examples include animal fighting, animal courtship behaviour, internal escape functions, and building of nests.
+ Odor, Pheromones: Chemistry
  * Pheromones are odors that are deliberately used for communication. A female moth may release a pheromone that can entice a male moth that is several kilometers away. Honeybee queens constantly release pheromones that regulate the activity of the hive.