Polymer
* All polymers are highly soluble in organic solvents and highly hydrophobic
  - decay
* Many polymers are themselves brittle at room temperature
  - come in mirror image forms
  - exhibit hydrophobic surfaces
  - occur in nature, such as silk, cellulose , natural rubber , and proteins
  - undergo reversible gelation in poor solvents
* Most polymers are carbon based and have relatively low melting points
  - optically anisotropic because of the nature of the long macromolecular chains
  - organic compounds
  - can only stretch out for a short distance before they fold back on themselves
  - contain atoms held in a molecular structure by covalent bonds
  - obtained in other chain-growth processes exhibit none or poor stereocontrol
  - used for bottles are thermoplastics
* Some polymers are bio-compatible and are now used to replace or repair body parts
  - designed to never be able to crystallize
  - elastomers, some plastics
  - made up of millions of monomers
  - partly crystalline and partly amorphous to achieve a blend of properties
* Some polymers can be soluble in strong organic solvents
  - reproduce themselves
  - form inclusion bodies within a cell
  - have the ability to interact with polarized light
  - share certain properties with metals, but they behave differently
* abound in nature.
* account for the molecular uniqueness of organisms.
* affect every day of our life.
* are a class of chemicals that are often known as plastics
  - compounds whose molecules are composed of a large number of repeating units
  - major class of materials consisting of macromolecules of very high molecular weight
  - significant source of smoke
  - very important industry
  - almost impenetrable to other polymers due to structured hydration
* are also an important part of materials science
  - everywhere in the form of thin films
  - amorphous when their chains are tangled up in any old way
  - chains of molecules, similar to a string of spaghetti
  - chemical compounds used in a wide variety of man-made products and materials
  - classified by the characteristics of the reactions by which they are formed
  - clearly too small to measure directly
  - complex, chain-like molecules made by uniting simpler molecules called monomers
  - everywhere and basic to every living thing, whether plant or animal
  - extremely large molecules, or macromolecules
  - formed by polymerization of monomers
* are giant molecules , long sequences of chemical units bonded together
  - made up of long chains of simple molecules
  - identified from a few nanograms of material, elemental analyses require much less
  - important ingredients in washing powders
* are large molecules and thus are very complicated for solving using a deterministic method
  - composed of repeated chemical units
  - that are groups of smaller molecules hooked together in long chains
  - used in a wide variety of materials
  - little crystals whcih absorb and retain four hundred times their weight in water
* are long chains of atoms bonded to one another
  - chemicals found almost everywhere in nature
  - strings of molecules
  - macromolecules made by linking many of the same kind of fundamental unit
* are materials comprised of long molecular chains
  - made by linking together many smaller molecules, known as monomers
  - with a seemingly limitless range of characteristics and colors
  - molecular chains with a regularly repeating structure
  - most effective for potted plants or sandy soil
  - nontoxic and last for a number of years before breaking down in the environment
  - small dry crystals that act like super sponges
  - special because they have long chain molecules, much larger than most molecules
  - strong and tough, and often flexible
  - synthesized naturally and artificially to perform a wide variety of specialized tasks
* are the basic chemical unit from which synthetic fibers are made
  - commonest examples of macromolecules
  - large macromolecules composed of three to millions of monomer subunits
  - materials of past, present, and future generations
* are the most common modifier in use today
  - important molecules in living systems
  - rapidly growing sector of the materials industry
  - only substances in which etching reveals tracks of alpha particles
  - same way
  - stuff that panty hose and plastic bags are made of
  - types of plastics created by polymerization
* are usually carbon based
  - good insulators but can be made to conduct by doping
* are very large molecules composed of a large number of repeating units
  - consisting of long, interconnected chains of smaller molecules
* are very long chains of repeating units
* based drugs have only half the dosage of the original drug.
* can be both organic or inorganic, natural or synthetic
  - thermal and electrical insulators
  - expensive and difficult to inject into the soil
  - hundreds of thousands of monomers strung together
  - short chains of only a few dozen units, or long chains with millions of units
  - very resistant to chemicals
  - become entangled and form messy coils like a length of thread or a shoelace
  - contain molecules which evaporate as time passes
* come in many sizes and shapes.
* commonly show reflections at very low angles.
* comprise a large fraction of the total production of the chemical industry.
* constructed by two or more amino acids, joined by peptide bonds, are called polypeptides.
* exhibit anisotropic properties during mechanical loading.
* expand when they contact vapors.
* experience significant creep at temperatures above ca.
* figure in everything from plastics to synthetic fabrics to the DNA in living cells.
* flow through filtration elements used in extrusion processes.
* have a variety of uses
  - very wide range of properties which allow for their extensive use in society
  - even more exotic applications, such as the manufacture of tank armor
  - long chains of carbon atoms with side groups
  - ten different kinds of phase transitions
* is added to condition the biosolids and aid in increasing the solids content.
* is added to the biosolids to aid in the dewatering of the biosolids by the centrifuge
  - digested sludge prior to entering the centrifuges
  - employed in commercial fields as well as in the fine arts
* is used as an aid in thickening
  - to coagulate the metal ions resulting in the precipitation of metal hydroxides
* make up proteins, genetic material and synthetic substances such as nylon.
* manufacturer of commercial brush fibers.
* melt flows in cavity, is influenced by fountain flow effect.
* occur in nature and can be made to serve specific needs.
* occur naturally and are made synthetically in the lab
  - in plants and animals
* prepared by living polymerization have narrow distributions.
* resins lower costs because they are more readily processed than metal alloys.
* result because the monomers have two functional groups per molecule.
* resulting from additions to alkenes are chain-growth polymers.
* show creep basically in two different ways.
* typically consist of chains of chemical units linked together in certain patterns
  - crystallize from the melt state into thin lamellar crystals
  - exhibit complex behavior, including rate-dependence and inelasticity
* used for pharmaceutical or medical end uses prohibit the use of water for cooling.
* usually form a two strand structure, known as a thin filament
  - have lower e
* very broad classification.
+ Materials science, Polymers
  * Polymers are also an important part of materials science. They are the raw materials used to make what we commonly call plastics. Plastics are really the final product. They are made when polymers or additives have been added to a resin during processing. The mixture is then shaped into a final form. Common polymers are, include polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, polystyrene, nylons, polyesters, acrylics, polyurethanes, and polycarbonates.
  * Some polymers are natural. Proteins have polypeptide  molecules, which are natural polymers made from various amino acid monomer units. Nucleic acids are huge natural polymers made up of millions of nucleotide units. Some polymers are man-made. Plastics, rubber, and fibers are made up of polymers.
+ Organic compound
  * Organic compounds' are carbon-based compounds. Most polymers are organic compounds.
  * They are often made from oil that comes out of the ground. The process of making plastics is usually quite complicated. Most of the materials that are called 'plastic' are polymers. Polymers are long chains of atoms bonded to one another.
+ Polymer chemistry
  * Polymers are formed by polymerization of monomers. Chemists describe a polymer by its degree of polymerization, molar mass distribution, tacticity, copolymer distribution, the degree of branching,  by its end-groups,  crosslinks,  and crystallinity. Chemists also study a polymer's thermal properties such as its glass transition temperature and melting temperature. Polymers in solution have special characteristics for solubility, viscosity and gelation.