### trait:

Fault
* Many faults extend from the surface to the top of the dome.
* Most faults are the result of repeated displacements over a long period of time
  - under the earth's surface, but there is one that can be clearly seen
  - mapped by geologists are inactive and have no earthquake potential
  - produce repeated displacements over geologic time
  - start as shear fractures
  - tend to dip into the Earth at an angle, and therefore have an upper and lower side
  - ultimately form because of forces generated by the movement of tectonic plates
* Some faults have the potential for generating larger earthquakes than others.
* are a slight crack in the earth which can cause earthquakes
  - also visible acting as conduits for groundwater movement
  - always younger than the rocks that they cut across or displace
  - another form of fracture in a geologic environment
  - areas where the earth's plates come together
  - breakdowns
* are breaks in rock layers
  - masses along which movement has occurred
  - the earth's crust where one side has shifted
  - common in elevated regions
  - commonly major conduits for water
  - cracks
* are fractures along which displacement has occurred
  - rock on one side has moved relative to rock on the other side
* are fractures in a rock along which movement has occurred
  - the Earth's crust in which a reasonable amount of displacement has occurred
  - or breaks between rocks where movements occur
  - places where the plates slide past one another
  - responsibility
  - serve
* are the evidence of horizontal and vertical breaks in the earth's surface
  - product of compressional, tensional or shear stress
  - visible signatures of earthquakes, sealed for eternity in the rocks
  - zones of weakness in the earth's crust
* associated with plate boundaries create cataclastic metamorphismin the shallow crust.
* can be as short as metres and as long as a thousand kilometers
  - centimeters to thousands of kilometers long
  - cut through a single geologic unit
  - juxtapose geologic terranes having very different ages and origins
  - occur when contractors accidentally damage underground conductors while digging
  - range in length from a few centimeters to many kilometers
* cause breaks in continuity of seismic horizons.
* create secondary porosity, affect the continuity of aquifer.
* easily act as conduits for groundwater.
* form when rock is put under so much stress that it can no longer bend but break.
* is an act
* occur along areas of weakened or brittle rock.
* occur when brittle rocks fracture and there is an offset along the fracture
  - the earth's rocky outer shell breaks and the rock along the break slips
* often produce distinctive patterns in the Earth's magnetic field.
* tend to slip more often when a nearby giant reservoir is filled with water.

### trait | fault:

Earthquake fault
* Most earthquake faults occur along plate boundaries.
* play an important role in the coastal geology of the Pacific coast.

Electrical fault
* are abnormal conditions which can occur in any electric distribution system
  - also dangerous in industrial, automotive, and consumer products
* can cause sags on adjacent circuits or feeders.

Glitch
* also cause power outages and cripple the pumps that supply gasoline to snowplows.
* are flaws
  - likely weeks, even months, into the new year
  - mistakes in movies and TV shows
  - short pulses that occur as a result of noise or timing problems in a logic circuit

Ground fault
* are often the result of damaged appliance cords or water getting into products.
* occur when a current circuit comes into contact with grounded conducting material
  - current is leaking somewhere