### motion:

Runoff
* Some runoff causes pollution
  - water pollution
  - moves across land surfaces
* alters habitats
  - vegetation habitats
* causes contamination
  - erosion
* comes from rain.
* contains compounds.
* contributes to erosion.
* depends upon intensity
  - rainfall intensity
* is elections
  - flow
  - surplus
* moves water from terrestrial systems into the oceans.
* results from rainfall.

### motion | runoff:

Agricultural runoff
* can carry fertilizers into lakes and streams.
* common cause of waterway pollution.
* generates oxygen-depleting substances and nutrients.
* is the main source of pesticide pollution.
* major source of nonpoint water pollution.
* pollutes surface and groundwater.
* provides much of the phosphate found in waterways.
* represents the greatest single contributor of nitrogen and phosphorous.

Fertilizer runoff
* can cause unwanted plant growth in streams which can then rob the water of oxygen.
* is another critical source of nitrogen loss.

### motion | runoff:

Polluted runoff
* affects the estuaries where fecal coliform bacteria is the major pollutant.
* comes from many sources and can carry many contaminants
  - in various forms and causes a series of problems
* contaminates rivers and streams that provide surface sources of drinking water.
* degrades our lakes, rivers, wetland and other waterways.
* harms our waters and wetlands protect against polluted runoff
  - out waters and wetlands protect against polluted runoff
* includes many things that get into our water supply.
* is caused by rainfall or snowmelt moving over and through the ground
  - rainwater or snowmelt flowing overland into nearby waterways
  - when rainfall moves over and through the ground
  - one example and exists in rural, suburban, and urban environments
* is the leading cause of coastal water pollution throughout the United States
  - major water quality and habitat problem
  - number one cause of water pollution in the nation
  - number-one source of state water pollution
* major source of water quality impairment in coastal waters, rivers and lakes.
* needs to be controlled in order to protect both our environment and our economy.

Road runoff
* includes polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrogen-containing organics and some metals.
* major factor in estuarine water quality degradation
  - source of nonpoint source pollution

Sediment runoff
* causes serious harm to streams and can damage fish habitat.
* major environmental problem in the western basin of Lake Erie.

### motion | runoff:

Surface runoff
* Most surface runoff depends upon rainfall intensity.
* can carry solubilized P directly into surface waters.
* contributes nitrogen to contamination of water in streams, lakes and estuaries.
* critical factor affecting the distribution of acacia trees.
* depends upon intensity
* is the result of precipitation and antecedent hydrologic conditions in a river basin.
* leads through rivers to lakes and oceans.
* major component of the water cycle.
* plays an important role in the recycling process.
* refers to the loss of water from an area by flow over the land surface.
* results from rainfall.

### motion | runoff:

Urban runoff
* accumulates pollutants as rainwater or snowmelt flow across roads and yards.
* contributes to the many pollutants found in our groundwater and streams.
* introduces a wide variety of particles to stream water.
* is another source of industrial pollutants
  - one of the leading sources of pollution into coastal waters
  - rain and other water flowing down gutters and streets
  - the most common pollutant source in Alaska
  - toxic to fish and other wildlife
* very significant source of water pollution heavily populated urban areas.