### animal | vertebrate | mammal | ungulate:

Yak
* Most yak cows carry calves.
* Most yaks adapt to alpine regions
  - environments
  - extreme environments
  - himalayan regions
* Most yaks have blood
  - body length
  - brown coats
  - chests
  - density
  - enormous tails
  - few sweat glands
  - horns
  - intestines
  - large chests
  - lungs
  - milk
  - mouths
  - ribs
  - shaggy coats
  - skin
  - thick skin
  - thoraxes
  - vertebrae
  - live for years
* Most yaks live in areas
  - different regions
  - tundra
* Some yaks avoid plants.
* Some yaks belong to families
  - same cow families
* Some yaks have brown color
  - cattle
  - feet
  - fur
  - honey color
  - infect with diseases
  - inhabit alpine tundra
* Some yaks live in distinct zones
  - lose weight
* also play an important part in many pastoral rituals and religious festivals.
* are a long-haired oxen that thrive in high altitudes
  - agile, more like goats
* are disease resistant and cold hardy
  - require minimal veterinarian expenses and management
  - docile and easily tamed, readily halter trained when young, and handled regularly
  - found in the Himalayan region of South Central Asia
  - gregarious and do well with other animals
  - heavily built animals with a bulky frame, sturdy legs, and rounded cloven hooves
  - herd animals
  - inquisitive, intelligent, and quiet animals each with their own distinct personality
* are large, hooved animals with a dark brown thick shaggy coat
  - long-haired, horned mammals that live in mountainous Tibet
  - low milk producer and hard working multipurpose animal
  - magnificent animals that are pleasant to watch or spend time with
  - members of the bovine family
  - of medium size for a bovine
  - originally from the Himalayas, Tibet, Mongolia, and Northern China
  - poppular in the cold regions of Mongolia and considered as a kind of ox
  - seasonal breeders with mating and conception restricted in the warm season
  - the only livestock, which thrive at high altitude
  - very tough animals that are resistant to diseases and are extremely winter hardy
* benefit from shade or a cool pond in hot summers.
* develop characteristics.
* eat any bodily fluid
  - as third as much as cattle and are kinder to the range
* graze areas
  - diverse vegetation
  - long grass
* graze on alpine meadows
  - steppes
* have a dense undercoat of soft, close-matted hair, which is covered by outer hair
  - massive, low-slung body, a huge hump on their shoulders, and hoofed feet
  - natural high resistance to diseases
  - capacity
  - gorgeous large curved horns, which are found in both sexes
  - hoofs
  - long, upward curled horns that are located on the each side of the head
  - ranges
  - small, vigorous calves with no birthing problems
  - stomachs
* includes brains
  - breasts
  - cannon bones
  - cell membranes
  - cells
  - chest cavities
  - corpi
  - cytoplasm
  - faces
  - heads
  - hip sockets
  - nuclei
  - piluses
  - plasma membranes
  - rib cages
  - second stomachs
  - sections
  - skulls
  - sterna
  - vacuoles
* lie quietly at night.
* live in the high bleak plateaus and mountains of central Asia
  - mountains in Nepal
* make grunt noise
* need nutrients.
* possess great lung capacity so they can absorb more oxygen.
* produce enough milk to support their offspring.
* provide enough milk for their young, but harvesting milk for human consumption comes at a cost
  - milk and milk products, meat, fibre, and hides
  - nomads with milk, meat, hair, wool, and hides
  - transportation, milk and meat
* reach full growth at six to eight years of age.
* receive diets.
* require a good source of water.
* share habitats.
* stay in areas.
* survive few years
* thrive in high elevations
  - on brush and marginal pasture as they are browsers and grazers
+ Yak, Life: Bovines
  * Yaks are herd animals. This means they live in groups called 'herds'. Yaks are 'herbivores', they don't eat meat. The oldest yaks can live up to 25 years.