### plant | tracheophyte | herb | grass | cereal:

Corn
* Most corn absorbs water
  - comes from plants
  - contains proteins
  - grown by farmers are special varieties called hybrids
* Most corn grows in fields
  - gardens
  - soybean fields
  - warm weather
  - zones
* Most corn grows on single stems
* Most corn has essential nutrients
  - fiber
  - roots
* Most corn is from dent to drying down
  - used as livestock feed
  - needs water
  - produces food
* Most corn provides essential nutrients
  - several essential nutrients
  - reaches height
* Most corn uses agricultural fertilizer
  - in food
  - corns result from pressure when the skin is squeezed between the bones and shoes
* Some corn attracts birds
  - pheasants
* Some corn contains b vitamins
  - certain b vitamins
  - lysine
* Some corn has amounts
  - effects
  - large grain
  - side effects
  - is grown on another farm, which is used to supplement lactating cows
* Some corn reduces excretion
  - phosphorus excretion
  - requires nitrogen
  - suffers from moisture
  - uses for flour
* There are many varieties of corn from which to choose.
* already is used for producing ethanol.
* also can be difficult to store because of field infestation by maize weevil
  - contains high levels of both nitrates and amines
  - has almost no fat
  - is the source of ascorbic acid in vitamin C supplements
  - needs plenty of moisture and full sun to grow in the best possible conditions
  - provides a desirable grain for feeding and finishing livestock
* always occur over a bony prominence, such as a joint.
* appears to be indigenous to the region of Mexico
  - have greater downside risk than soybeans
* are a common example of avoidable foot pain
  - thickening of the skin that is secondary to pressure on bony prominences
  - very common ailment that usually form on the tops, sides and tips of the toes
  - also manifestations of the body's efforts to protect itself
  - burrowers
  - caused by constant, small repeated pressures to a part of the foot
  - due to pressure on the toes from tight shoes
  - hard, callused areas occurring on top of or between toes
  - hyperkeratoses of the skin
  - of two types
  - one of foot's most common forms of reaction to abuse and stress
  - patches of thick, hard skin
  - pea-sized or slightly larger
  - skin that has grown hard due to the pressure of shoes or back problems
* are smaller and form on the toes
  - usually form on top of the toe or in between toes
  - yellowish, callus growths that develop on top of the toes
* attracts deer.
* belongs to the grass family of plants
* benefits from compost manure
  - use compost manure
* can appear over almost any bone of the foot, but most commonly over misshapen, hammer toes.
* can be a food source for the cow to produce glucose
  - due to a buckled or contracted toe position called a hammer toe
* can be very difficult to germinate and grow well if planted in soils that are too cool or wet
  - painful and generally occur at prominences such as the little toe
  - painful, especially if there is inflammation and swelling around the corn
  - become inflamed due to constant friction and pressure from footwear
  - cause extreme discomfort and pain
  - form inside the toe as well
  - go in large containers as long as the containers are close together for pollinating
* can grow more than an inch a day
  - rapidly without competition and shade the late developing weeds
  - very tall in hydroponic culture
  - produce a new leaf every three days during optimal growth
  - sometimes survive for four to five days
  - usually recover from light to moderate feeding by armyworm without significant yield loss
  - withstand a considerable amount of whorl damage
* caryopsis or grain which fuses the ovary wall directly to the ovule during development.
* come in two types.
* common clan symbol in many Native American cultures
  - weed in soybean plantings because they are planted in rotations
* commonly used energy source.
* competes with other feed grains, as well as with wheat and nongrain feedstuffs such as cassava.
* component of a large and diverse number of human food products.
* containing a high oil content and wheat with a high level of protein can demand higher prices.
* contains about eight percent protein and is high in carbohydrates
  - both male and female flowers
  - certain B vitamins and vitamin C, as well as magnesium and potassium
  - niacinogen which binds niacin tightly and makes it unavailable for absorption
  - oil and ethanol, which burn cleaner than other fuels, and more cheaply, too
* continues to be the backbone of modern American agriculture
  - cornerstone of Maya culture
  - march slowly towards maturity
* cooler grain to feed in summer than oats.
* depletes high levels of maganese.
* develop because of abuse or stress
  - on or between the toes, and calluses are found on the sole or heel of the foot
  - where it rubs against the shoe
* develops faster when temperatures are warmer and more slowly when temperatures are cooler.
* does attract turkeys.
* earworms can devastate a crop
  - produce several generations within a growing season
  - rest over the winter as pupae several inches below the soil surface
  - typically gnaw their way into the fruit of tomatoes, eggplants, etc
* emerging under cool, wet conditions is at risk of injury from certain soil-applied herbicides.
* even requires warm nights to mature properly.
* favorite ingredient in soups, desserts, casseroles, salads and main dishes.
* feel hard to the touch, are tender, and have a roundish appearance.
* form when hammertoes rub against the top of the shoe
  - where they bend up
* general term used in England for wheat and other grains.
* generally occur on the toes and balls of the feet.
* gives a very high tonnage forage that is high in energy.
* gluten feed is low in calcium but has significant amounts of phosphorus.
* gluten meal is an effective natural garden and lawn herbicide that also feeds the lawn
  - sold as a preemergence herbicide in some production systems
* gluten meal is the by-product of the manufacture of corn syrup or starch
  - least-toxic herbicide
  - used extensively in dry pet foods as well as salmon and aquaculture feeds
  - natural product that can safely inhibit germination of grass and weed seeds
  - popular organic choice for preventing weeds
  - product of the wet milling process
  - provides protein for growing muscles and healthy body tissue
  - meal, a corn byproduct, offers an organic alternative to herbicides
  - zeins are unique proteins in terms of their thermoplastic and hydrophobic properties
* good crop to recycle nutrients from manure and maintain water quality
  - example of a wind-pollinated crop
* good source of carbohydrates, which in turn gives birds energy to stay warm
  - vitamin A, but a poor source of calcium
* grain that grows on a cob, with the kernels enclosed by a leafy husk.
* grain, while potatoes and yams are tubers.
* grows best in deep, rich soils and good drainage is important
  - soil enriched with nitrogen
* grows in Indiana
  - the ground and milk comes from a cow, which eats hay that also grows in the ground
  - inches a day sometimes
  - into the soil searching for aquifers
* grows on a single stem called a stalk
  - quicker in the light of the moon that it does during a dark moon
* has a greater tolerance for metribuzin than for bromoxynil
  - history as rich as the fertile farmland soil that has nurtured it for centuries
  - long history of being used for more than just animal feed or food for humans
  - relatively high water require-ment
  - two part root system consisting of seminal roots and nodal roots
  - an imperfect flower
  - best flavor when ears are light to medium yellow
  - many uses
  - no nutritional value, however, it helps maintain body warmth when it is cold
  - starches
* has the highest percentage of lutein among plant sources and also contains zeaxanthin
  - rosiest export picture of the bulk commodities
  - three adaptations
  - very long roots to help it stay standing when the strong winds blow in the grasslands
* heavy feeder and requires a lot of moisture at the time the ears are in full silk
  - feeder, requiring rich soil
  - nitrogen feeder
* helps manufactures obtain a wanted protein level and maintain a shelf life for the feed.
* high quality source of everyday carbohydrates.
* hybrid, so every plant in the field is, essentially, genetically identical.
* hybridized crop.
* includes all types of corn produced
  - cell membranes
  - cells
* includes corn cobs
  - stalks
  - corpi
  - cytoplasm
  - leaf nodes
  - nuclei
  - plasma membranes
  - sections
  - sugar corn
  - vacuoles
  - vegetables
* increases rapidly in dry matter, grain, protein, and energy yield with maturity.
* is Minnesota's largest crop
  - adapted to a wide range of management systems, from no-till to conventional tillage
  - already a dominant component of snack foods
* is also a favorite food of many birds and mammals
  - favourite topping on pizza
  - popular pizza topping
  - target for crows
  - very popular grain food on the ear, shelled, or cracked
  - an important crop in the United States
  - useful to inter plant with coop loving plants such as sole crops or lettuce
  - valuable as an oil-producing plant
* is an ancient South American plant which was engineered perhaps from a grass called teosinte
  - efficient host of both the mite and virus
* is an excellent ingredient when used in appropriate amounts in meat-based diets
  - low-fat source of complex carbohydrates, which provide energy
  - winter feed as it is readily stored in the pigeon's body as fat
* is an important component of the Kansas agricultural economy
  - crop in Missouri
  - food during fall and winter in rural areas
  - ingredient in processed foods
  - input into the production of swine
  - insignificant source of other vitamins
* is another common allergy-producing food
  - crop that needs large amounts of nitrogen to produce at profitable levels
  - food that is specifically strictly off limits on all phases on the diet
  - genetically altered crop
  - as important today to mankind as it was in the beginning to native peoples
  - benefitted by rain and killed by drought
  - cereal grass
  - changed into silage by certain bacteria that can turn plant sugars into acids
  - characterization
  - colonized by Rhopalosiphum maidis, the corn leaf aphid
  - diseases
  - easier to grow than wheat
  - easy to grow
  - eaten by the animals on the farm, and humans eat both the animals and the corn
* is especially hard to get out of long hair after it has rained down on a person
  - important in their diet
  - subject to aflatoxin problems when drought occurs
  - essential to maintaining the integrity of religious practice
  - extremely hard for doggie digestive systems to digest
  - fine for feeding horses, but is highly concentrated in energy
  - friendly to the environment
  - generally more competitive against weeds than soybeans
* is grown all over the world
  - and harvested for corn silage
* is grown for both on farm use and as a cash crop
  - brewing beer, and tobacco is an important cash crop
  - on every continent except Antarctica
  - organically on some farms
  - without herbicides, insecticides, and commercial inorganic fertilizers
  - hard for the ferret to digest
  - high as an elephant's eye
* is high in energy but low in protein quality and quantity
* is in pollination stage
  - the center of many farm ecosystems
  - indigenous to central America, but is now widely cultivated elsewhere
* is known as maize throughout most of the world
  - only as a domesticated plant
  - to be safe for celiacs
  - likely one of the most universally loved vegetables in the United States
* is located in acres
  - cans
  - corn fields
  - cornfields
  - countries
  - dinner
  - markets
  - plates
  - restaurants
  - shops
  - silos
  - supermarkets
* is low in sodium and fat, high in carbohydrates and cholesterol free
  - tryptophan and high in phenylalanine
* is more efficient at photosynthesizing, in terms of energy gathered per photon
  - prone to injury when the coleoptile is just below the soil surface
  - sensitive to water stress than other field crops
  - susceptible to damage by wireworms, white grubs, and corn root aphids
  - most susceptible to yield loss by aphids while in the whorl stage
  - native to the Western Hemisphere
  - neither a fruit nor a vegetable
  - normally cross-pollinated
  - one component in a crane's diet
* is one of several crops supported directly by government purchases
  - the leading bioengineered crops
* is one of the major crops grown in the Great Lakes Basin
  - throughout the Midwest states
  - many vegetables that do best when seeded directly into their permanent spot
  - most diverse grain crops
  - overripe if indentions have formed in the kernels or kernal contents are doughy when broken
* is part of an essential diet for farm animals
  - perhaps the most completely domesticated of all field crops
* is planted and harvested worldwide
  - in a field in the Midwest
* is pollinated by the wind
  - wind-borne pollen
  - probably the most diverse grain crop
  - processed and stored in upright silo
* is produced for grain, silage, sweet corn, ornamental corn, and popcorn in California
  - on every continent of the world with the exception of Antarctica
  - really high in phosphorus
  - said to have originated in the Andes, the mountain range of West South America
  - sensitive to imbalances of manganese and nitrogen, which work in concert within the plant
  - small for the season but grows fast, and is well colored
* is somewhat unique as a forage
  - in that quality increases with maturity
  - spaced farther apart than Milo
* is susceptible to fungal and bacterial disease
  - injury at emergence and shortly after unfolding of leaves
  - technically the simplest of grains to grow
* is the backbone of the U.S. livestock and poultry industry
  - basis for the present renewable ethanol fuel industry in the United States
  - commodity that appears to be shining
  - concentrate base of most Michigan dairy rations
* is the crop that demands the most labor and time
  - is most often associated with aflatoxins
  - dominant user of commercial fertilizer, followed by wheat, soybeans and cotton
  - favorite food of the squirrels
  - feedstock that dominates the current ethanol market
  - food of the Americas
  - grain most susceptible to aflatoxins contamination in the United States
  - hardest food to digest, and tomatoes are really acidic
  - king of cultivated plants in Kansas
  - largest acreage crop grown in the United States
  - leading crop in terms of economic importance in the United States
* is the main crop they plant
  - food crop
  - ingredient for animal feed in Yemen
* is the major feed grain produced in Indonesia
  - feedstock for ethanol production in North America
* is the most common plant used for many reasons
  - diverse crop known to humans
* is the most important farm product
  - host of the tomato fruitworm
  - popular feed of domestic cattle followed by pasture and then hay
  - prevalent crop grown for silage in the United States
  - widely distributed crop in the world
  - nation's top grain crop
  - nations largest crop
  - number one source of scab inoculum
  - only energy source that can be renewed every year
  - price of corn and is measured in dollars per bushels
  - principle row crop
  - second most important crop grown in Colorado
  - single most important food crop in the United States
  - source for one of the key oxygenates, ethanol
  - standard grain
  - staple livestock feed commodity in the United States
* is the world's fourth most important crop, behind only wheat, rice and potatoes
  - greatest cereal
  - number one feed grain and silage crop
  - second most important food crop, after rice
* is used for beef and pork production
  - eating
  - flour production and as a feedstuff
  - pop corn
* is used in a vast assortment of ways in the food manufacturing industry
  - many different ways
  - products such as soap, glue, pencil erasers, bath powder and plastics
* is used in the manufacturing of car parts, including spark plugs
  - production of an unbelievable number of products
  - increasingly for industrial and food purposes
* is used to make a type of fuel called ethanol
  - ethanol, a clean burning automobile fuel
  - tortillas and tacos
* is used to produce ethanol, and the waste from the process is fed to cows for dairy production
  - fuel alcohol
  - very high in fat
* is very sensitive to drought stress during the flowering and reproductive stages
  - stress, especially during the flowering and reproductive stages
  - vital to our diet
  - vulnerable to cutting from emergence through the five-leaf growth stage
  - wind-pollinated and lands on the silks of the same or different plant
  - wind-pollinated, and square planting patterns result in greater pollination
* lacks choline, which aids liver function
* lay eggs, becoming sexually mature at around two years of age.
* less important crop in Chad.
* long day plant because it is the length of the day that tells it when to produce.
* look like areas of thick skin on the toes.
* low-fat complex carbohydrate that deserves a regular place on any healthy table.
* major ingredient in many dog foods
  - world crop
* makes up more of our diet than any other crop raised on farms.
* member of the grass family, which includes wheat, oats, barley, sorghum and rice
* mixture of several types of wild grass.
* moderate host for both the virus and the mite
  - source of calories, so, in moderation, it can fit into a healthy diet
* monocotyledon, a grass-like plant, as are wheat, oats, lilies, and orchids.
* monoecious plant with imperfect flowers.
* more traditional food in Mexican-American culture than refined flour and whole grain.
* multi-billion dollar food industry.
* multipurpose grain with a distinctive flavor and texture.
* native grain of the American continents.
* naturally produces a substance that suppresses the germination of competing seeds.
* needs boiling water
  - full sun and rich soil
  - rich soil and moisture to produce a crop
  - so much water to mature
  - sunshine and water and nutrients
* new species but teosinte is still in existence.
* often occur on the top of the toes where there is pressure from the shoes.
* ordinarily form on the toes and calluses on the soles of the feet.
* plants in early summer
* pollinates the silk coming out of the corn from the tassels at the top of the plant.
* popular food.
* powerful weapon when used in martial arts.
* prefers hot or warm, frost-free weather.
* primary ingredient in many chips, tortillas and breakfast cereals.
* produces disappoint results
  - fertile seeds, which can germinate and grow into adult plants on their own
* provides a natural pole for bean vines to climb
* ranges from the blister to milk stage.
* rapidly depletes the soil of nutrients.
  - it maximum plant height soon after tasseling occurs
* reacts by a delay in silk emergence relative to pollen shed and an increase in seed abortion.
* receives a new gene from wheat, which helps reduce insect damage.
* releases water vapor constantly, which needs to be dissipated by ventilation.
* remains a very important commodity in present-day America
  - the foundation of modern agriculture in the United States
* renewable resource, grown in quantity every year, and boon to the Midwest economy.
* requires a moderate amount of fertilization
  - as much potassium as it does nitrogen to produce good yields
  - the greatest amount of water during silking
  - wind to pollinate and planting in blocks helps ensure maximum pollination
* responds to water stress by leaf rolling.
* rich source of Omega Fatty Acids.
* rootworm beetle adults.
* second crop, planted after the wheat and canola are harvested.
* seems to grow well if planted with beans
  - pass through a digestive system without changing form
* self-pollinating plant.
* serves as the natural trellis for the beans to grow on.
* shallow rooted hungry feeder requiring ample moisture.
* show up on the bony area on top of the toes and the skin between the toes.
* sometimes emerges unevenly because of environmental conditions beyond the control of growers.
* source of vitamin A, potassium, niacin, and protein.
* staple food in many parts of the world
  - of the Mexican population's diet
  - of the diet
* starts as a pale cream colour and as it cooks it changes to a dark yellow.
* stored in the bins is used for products like corn syrup.
* stover consists of the stalks, leaves and cobs remaining after the corn kernels are harvested
  - is predicted to be one of Iowa s most significant biomass resources in the future
* supplies a moderate amount of carotenoids, fiber, and folate.
* surprising source of several vitamins , including folic acid, niacin, and vitamin C.
* symbolizes parents' wishes for children to grow up strong and happy.
* takes nitrogen from the soil and beans replace it, so they are a good combination.
  - more energy in cell respiration on warm nights resulting in lower yields
  - the nitrogen produced by soybeans and other legume crops
* usually are on the toes, and result from shoe pressure
  - occur on the toes and calluses on the soles of the feet
  - requires more N than can be supplied by soil or atmospheric sources
* very common allergen
  - complex organism that, until recently, has been incredibly difficult to alter
  - famous hybrid
  - important host for the mite and virus
  - palatable grain for horses
* warm weather vegetable and as such performs better when planted in warm soil.
* warm-season crop, tender to frost and light freezes.
* works well in cropping rotations with alfalfa.
* yields seeds
  - sixty to seventy-five bushels per acre, and other grains in proportion