### substance | earth | dirt:

Sand
* Most sand consists of atoms
  - quartz grain
  - contains quartz
* Most sand has color
  - particles
* Most sand is formed of rock particles that had been broken off from the main rock
  - made up of small pieces of quartz
  - transported from inland via rivers and streams
  - product of the weathering of rocks on land areas inland from the beaches
* Some sand contains particles
  - enters eyes
* Some sand has conductivity
  - different thermal conductivity
  - strength
  - is used by masons
  - mixes with mud
  - skinks feed on ants
  - sands contain magnetite , chlorite , glauconite or gypsum
* adapted species exist on a narrow archipelago.
* adsorbs organic compounds on which microorganisms can feed.
* allows water to drain quickly.
* also absorbs dirt
  - moves via storms and wind
* are loose fragments of minerals or rocks
  - nutrient poor
  - relatively homogeneous laterally and extremely heterogeneous vertically
  - usually light grey to white in colour and often also impoverished in iron and manganese
* arises from coastal erosion and is transported by rivers towards the sea.
* assists the function fo the activated carbon, and maintains the freshness of the water.
* becomes a purified gas, then silicon, then chips.
* blows in from a seasonally-wet lake bed where gypsum continues to form.
* boils and sand fissures sometimes occur during moderate to large earthquakes.
* bottomless pit.
* can also be beneficial in an artificial situation such as in a raised bed or in a pot
  - be a significant source of phosphorus, a nutrient that contributes to algal blooms
  - burn
  - contain many interesting fragments e.g. of sponges, shells and minerals
  - cool, giving a risk of frost
* can get extremely hot and blister paws
  - underneath a snakes scales and cause irritation and skin problems
  - obstruct and clog drainage ditches and storm drain systems
  - slowly harden into stone
* collects along the nodal lines of vibrating plates.
* comes from the gradual aging of the cement pipes used in much of our distribution system.
* common component of nursery growing media used for ballast weight.
* compound of silicon known as silicon dioxide or silica.
  - lots of small, hard grains of rock that can slide over each other
  - silicon atoms
  - small, weathered rock particles, usually silicaceous in origin
* constitute a natural event recorder, leaving a record of what creatures have moved past.
* containing feldspar and mica breaks down relatively quickly.
* contains components
  - very small particles besides the grains
* contributes to cow comfort, good udder health and clean cows.
* covers the ocean floor
  - water circulation pipes that keep the grass warm during the football season
* dominate in coarse-textured soils, which are referred to often as light soils.
* eels Another eel typically found around Britain is the sand eel.
* fills all voids.
* flies infest all of coastal Florida.
* forms layers.
* gnats swarm and attack.
* greens with very high infiltration rates require light and frequent applications of water.
* has characteristics
  - matter
* have a low conductivity, silts have a medium conductivity, and clays have a high conductivity
  - good conditions for root penetration, but have poor nutrition and water holding capacity
* helps prevent rocks and small roots from puncturing the black film plastic in the float beds
  - with drainage because the particles are so large
* insulates heat.
* is actually loose particles of disintegrated or worn rock.
* is also a soil textural class in which sand is the dominate separate
  - abrasive and hard on the digestive system
  - easier to clean
  - significantly less expensive than cement
  - the principal ingredient of glass, which has thousands of uses
  - very abrasive
* is an example of a clastic sediment
  - excellent filter for removing sediment and bacteria from water
  - inorganic bedding material comprised principally of silicon with little or no carbon
  - bigger, coarser particles, also from rock, often quartz or silica
  - capable of flow
  - common in places of higher elevation on which pine trees are typical
  - found all over the Earth
* is gritty and consists of very small particles of rock and minerals
  - to the touch and the individual grains or particles can be seen with the naked eye
  - ground
* is located in concrete
  - deserts
  - moons
  - oceans
  - sandboxs
  - shoes
  - streets
  - swimsuits
* is loose and single grained
  - gritty material made up of mineral or rock grains
* is made by erosion
  - of Mica, feldspar, magnetite, and other minerals
  - up of fine grains of rock, coral and shells
* is made up of larger particles which can be seen with the naked eye
  - which canbe seen with the naked eye
  - lots of tiny pieces of minerals, mostly silica or quartz
  - the largest particles, allowing for quick drainage and leaching of nutrients
  - tiny particles of rock
  - melted and spun into fine glass fiber
  - more stable than clay soils and rocky soils have other requirements
  - mostly quartz
* is moved back and forth by the wind and the waves
  - parallel to most beaches in Florida by longshore drift and currents
  - never easy to run on, especially when the weather's been hot and dry and the sand is loose
  - of a fine grit, but is mixed with rounded rocks in patches
  - particularly destructive to joints and ribs
  - preferred as an underlayer for other flooring materials as it provides excellent drainage
* is pushed by the sea up against the coast, making beautiful beaches
  - off shore during winter months
  - rare on the deep ocean floor, which is mainly mud
  - rich with natural and cultural history
  - silicic acid in much larger agregates
* is silicon dioxide, which is too stable to liberate oxygen
  - softer than concrete, but it provides an uneven shifting base
* is the biggest particle
  - coarsest, followed by silt and then clay
  - largest of the particles, clay the smallest
* is the largest particle and can be seen
  - in the soil
  - size, and clay is the smallest
  - particle, silt intermediate, and clay the smallest
  - media typically used in the catchboxes to slow the rounds so that they can be contained
* is the most common aggregate used in rough-coat plaster
  - widely used bedding material on Mississippi dairy farms
  - principal raw material for essentially all commercial glasses
  - slightly bigger than silt
  - soil of Florida scrub
  - there to be made into sandcastles
* is used for beachs
  - ocean beachs
  - most often when temperatures are too low for salt to be effective
* is very abrasive and can irritate a dogs feet, especially between the toes
  - high in silica, but because of the particle size, it is less significant than clay
  - light in color, drains fast and is easy to work in
  - visible, silt particles are the size of talc and clay particles are microscopic
  - washed from gravel by high pressure water and discharged into lower chute
  - where all the people are as well as the active runway
* kills tipworm larvae which overwinter on the surface of the bogs.
* lances school in many bays and inlets in the inside waters.
* loose granular material blanketing the beaches, riverbeds and deserts of the world.
* major ingredient of mortar, plaster, concrete, and asphalt paving.
* migrates close to the seabed and by the current it builds up characteristic ripples.
* natural abrasive.
* needs more water than clay.
* often contains eroded particles of rocks and minerals carried downstream by rivers and creeks
  - has a lot of small quartz bits
  - hides dead, but still sharp, coral
* piles up at the base of the mountains and along their flanks, forming dunes and sand sheets.
* presents as a homogenous gray and allows the ultrasound waves to penetrate deep.
* provide better air flow and to help insulate against heat.
* provides greater cushion and surface drainage than other bedding materials.
* ranges from flour fineness to near pebbles, pure one color to polychrome, white to black.
* recognized hydroponic media.
* reduces the supply of air and cools it.
* removes acidity, and floats in the water cleanly, silica sand makes the water fresh, and tasty.
* ripples in an oscillating annular sand-water cell.
* rise, the dead come to life, bugs eat people.
* rises support dry black oak savannas.
* saturated by salt water terrific ground plane for verticals.
* serves as a sensory experience for children of all ages, abilities and development.
* soaks up the sun's rays, quickly heating the water.
* source of silicon.
* spits divide and protect the estuarine environment from the dynamic influence of the ocean.
* tends to build up between sea and ship
  - compact itself
  - suppress fungal development and facilitates uniform water uptake
* threatens buildings and crops in Africa, the Middle East, and China.
* traps energy.
* type of sediment derived from the weathering of rocks such as granite.
* usually represent water.
* veins and wedges in cold aeolian environments.
+ Quartz: Minerals
  * Sand often has a lot of small quartz bits. This mineral contains silica. Quartz has a mineral hardness of 8.
+ Silicon: Semimetals
  * There is a lot of silicon on the Earth. At the beach, there is silicon in the form of sand. Sand is a compound of silicon known as silicon dioxide or silica. The glass can have different colours by adding coloured compounds. Silicon also makes up a lot of different rocks and minerals, and they are known as silicates.