### motion | wave:

Seiche
* are oscillations in the water level occurring in lakes and along sea coasts
* can cause water bodies to oscillate at different wavelengths known as modes.
* generate currents within the lake's water column.
* occur after water is piled up on one side of the lake by wind or high barometric pressure
  - when water is piled up on one side of the lake by wind or high barometric pressure

### motion | wave:

Seismic wave
* Seismic Waves shows how earthquake waves spread out from an earthquake.
* are elastic waves that travel through Earth
  - the energy impulses that are released during earthquakes
* attenuate and disperse while propagating through the earth.
* crossing the core change direction - are anisotropic.
* lose much of their energy in traveling over great distances.
* move slowly because material behaves more plastically than elastically.
* propagate through a body at the sound velocity.
* radiate outward from the focus.
* represent the energy released from the earthquake focus.
* slow down as cracks form and interupt their movement.
* start where a large section of rock suddenly shifts.
* transmit the energy of an earthquake
  - to the surface
* travel at different speeds in different types of rocks
  - faster in denser rock
* travel faster through hard rocks and slower through soft rocks
  - the cooler material than they do through warmer material
  - fastest through dense , cold , solid materials
* weaken with increasing distance.

Shear wave
* are about half the speed of P waves.
* travel at slower speeds than longitudinal waves, and can only be made in solids
  - slower than compressional waves

### motion | wave:

Shock wave
* Most shock waves produce sound.
* Some shock waves are caused by spikes.
* Some shock waves create large waves
* Some shock waves result from extreme heat
* appear in many forms and in various media.
* are formed, much like a boat creates a bow wave
  - more powerful than sound waves
  - roller coasters
  - the most plausible candidate for producing non-thermal high energy particles
  - very small regions in a gas where the gas properties change by a large amount
* can arise in a number of different situations in astrophysics
  - burst fluid-filled organs such as the heart or spleen
* compress the tissues and travel ahead and to the sides of the bullet.
* form and drive the surrounding gas outwards
  - in the solar wind plasma under a variety of circumstances
  - when the jet collides with interstellar gas, causing the jet to glow
* is formed if the point source moving faster than the wave speed.
* slow vehicles down, cause terrific heating and create sonic booms.
* travels outwards through all the remaining layers of the star.

Sine wave
* are periodic signals
* correspond to a pure tone.
* is an alternating electrical current used to produce muscle contractions.

### motion | wave:

Soliton
* are also critical to the design of short-pulse lasers
  - pulses of light that retain their shape over long distances
* are waves that interact with each other without losing their height, width or speed
  - move with unchanging form and constant velocity
  - well known exact solutions to nonlinear integrable systems
* can carry spin but no charge, or charge but no spin.
* emerge unchanged after a collision.
* often form in shallow water channels.
* show their duality, having both the properties of particles and waves.