### person | scientist:

Physicist
* Every physicist understands basic thermodynamics, usually calling it statistical physics.
* Many physicists also see massive neutrinos as part of the solution to the problem of dark matter.
* Many physicists believe that matter consists of small packets of light
  - the neutrino, like a photon, has no mass at all
* Most physicists believe that indescribable dark matter makes up most of the mass of the universe
  - now believe that space is non-Euclidean
  - specialize in a subfield
  - work in research and development
* Some physicists call themselves experimentalists because they take data from experiments
  - even go as far as claiming that all of science can be reduced to physics
  - pretend that light consists of tiny particles which they call photons
  - say it is theoretically possible to travel back in time
  - speak about inconstant 'energetic fields' that at a certain place fill up space
  - specialize in sectors outside the science of physics itself, such as engineering
  - theorize that there are countless universes in existence
* Some physicists think gravity is caused by gravitons , but they are still unsure
  - that gravity is due to very small particles called gravitons
  - they can predict the future of stock markets
  - use their principles in theoretical areas, such as the origin of the universe
  - work exclusively in research and development
* agree with each other on the charge of the electron.
* also design research equipment, which can often even lead to additional, unexpected uses
  - have their own brand of weirdness
* also use a measure of angle called a radian, defined below
  - their knowledge of fundamental principles to solve more concrete problems
* always make many compromises to describe processes of nature.
* are also interested in microscopic wormholes, much smaller than a proton
  - responsible for determining doses which the patients receive from the radiation
  - at the center of technological development and expansion of knowledge
  - concerned with how nature works at the most fundamental level
* are curious about the events that occur during and after a particle's collision
  - why the universe works the way it does
  - explorers of the physical universe
  - hard at work on a tiny device that emits light particles, or photons, one at a time
* are more and more interested in non-commutative spacetime
  - careful about keeping track of physical units
  - responsible for measurement of precise doses of radiation
  - scientists who study physical phenomena such as light or electricity
* are the persons that pretend to find simple explanations for complicated things
  - shamans and witch doctors of contemporary life
  - workers
* believe reality is an approximation of the equations.
* believe that a handful of fundamental principles control all physical phenomena
  - four forces, or interactions, govern all matter
  - time can behave in weird ways, especially intergalactically
* call it electro-magnetic energy
  - such particles 'tachyons', though there is no evidence for their existence
* can also describe the universe on a microscopic scale with quantum mechanics
  - detect gravity waves by an amount of a million trillion smaller than an electron
  - easily express the interaction between photons and matter in a mathematical equation
  - experiment in laboratories to test their theories
  - write out the maths of quantum physics
* classify both liquids and gases as fluids, based on how they flow
  - visible light as part of the electromagnetic spectrum
* collide millions of protons in hope of observing a single fleeting interaction.
* consider discrete sets of atoms but also study discrete sets of celestial bodies
  - neutrinos among the most mysterious of the basic ingredients of the universe
  - that matter in the world is composed of a large number of elementary particles
* create Fermi degenerate matter, the stuff of neutron stars, in an ultracold gas.
* currently believe one needs on the order of a dozen dimensions to explain physical world
  - perform most experiments at subatomic, atomic, or mesoatomic levels of reality
* define interesting problems as the ones they can do.
* demonstrate the first atom laser.
* design and make instruments that diagnose and cure diseases.
* develop new materials and continue to provide technological advances
  - theories that describe the fundamental forces and laws of nature
* devote a lot of time to the study of forces that are found everywhere in the universe.
* discover and study the laws that govern the interaction of bodies in motion.
* do it at the speed of light
  - two places in the universe at one time
* do it in black holes
* do it with Tensors
  - high energy particles
  - rigid bodies
  - vectors
* enjoy dreaming about all sorts of fantastic things.
* even dream of creating new universes.
* examine the relationships among space, time, matter, and energy.
* exhibit a tendency to name new particles after letters in the Greek alphabet.
* experience ultra-high speed computing.
* explore the fundamental properties and laws that govern space, time, energy, and matter.
* find out about particles by studying collisions between different particles.
* form a rather closed group of people.
* generally work regular hours in laboratories and offices.
* get jobs in technologically oriented industries, including the computer industry.
* go on to become lawyers, doctors, and engineers.
* have Ph.D. degrees.
* have an aesthetic for symmetry and simplicity
  - important role to play as promoters of peace
  - many sides to their personalities as do people in other professions
  - no idea what the rays are, where they come from, or how they travel so fast
  - strange quarks
* identify top quarks by the characteristic electronic signals they produce.
* know that all of matter, our whole Universe, is made of vibrational energy
  - substance, our whole Universe, is made of vibrational energy
  - everything is energy
  - it is impossible to add energy continuously to a subatomic particle
  - the energy before the collision is the same as the energy afterward
* learn to tie a knot.
* like to ask questions
  - solve hard problems
* live on high vacuums.
* measure an undulator 's effectiveness in terms of spectral radiance
  - subatomic activity that happens in nanoseconds
  - the energy content of food by burning the food
* note that the mere act of observing even subatomic particles changes their motions.
* now believe that the quarks and the electrons ARE fundamental
  - think of light in terms of photons, particles that have no mass but carry momentum
* observe a similar pattern when water freezes and becomes ice
  - atoms and research the fundamental constituents of matter
* often are members of a team working toward a common goal
  - claim that there is no superluminal transfer of information predicted
  - talk of the imminence of the 'third revolution' in physics
  - use the letter 'c' to denote the speed of light
* perform experiments with their computers first and look at the world second.
* prefer simple explanations for various phenomena found in nature.
* propose harnessing 'quantum entanglement' to surpass accuracy of any single atomic clock.
* question, investigate and scrutinize all systems.
* recognize that the universe is constructed of energy bundles known as quanta.
* represent sources of magnetic moments in materials as poles.
* say energy obeys a conservation law.
* say that the interference pattern manifests itself as a probability density function
  - universe had to surmount vast odds to exist at all
  - world is simple, but biologists disagree
* search for the symmetry hidden within the tangle of everyday reality.
* see that humans and rocks are made of the same elements
  - water for what it is - a fluid
* seek that which is constant throughout the universe
  - to investigate and understand the basic structure of the universe
* slow speed of light.
* still tend to think more deterministically than biologists.
* study all aspects of matter and energy and the interactions between the two
  - both the largest and the smallest structures by elementary particle physicist
  - interactions of matter and energy
  - such subjects as gravity, light, and time
  - the interplay between space, time, matter and energy
* take up an enormous variety of careers.
* talk about interactions
  - of the duality of light
* tend to integrate teaching and research by involving students in their research
  - remove matter from a bulk sample until the nanostructure is all that remains
  - sculpt a nanostructure
* test their ideas by performing experiments which lead to new ideas and theories.
* think of sound waves in terms of their intensity, or forcefulness
  - reality approximates their equations
* think that reality approximates theory
  - there are force carriers for all forces
  - the real world approximates equations
* try to understand what matter is and why it behaves the way it does.
* use high-energy accelerators to probe matter at the smallest scale.
* use it to describe various natural phenomenon
  - study atoms and subatomic particles
  - large accelerators to make high-energy particles collide
* use mathematics and the scientific method to study the material universe
  - to understand, explain, and predict their theories and equations
  - models also as well as astronomers
  - particle accelerators to produce antiparticles
  - spectroscopy to understand the operation of superconductors
* use the SI system of measurement which uses meters as the basic length unit
  - concept of a system to trace and quantify the flow of energy
  - scientific method to test the validity of a physical theory
  - term 'particle' as a model to better explain their theories
  - terms electron liquid or electron gas to describe the free electrons in a metal
* usually admit there is no logic to higher level physics
  - choose to be either experimentalists or theorists
  - label themselves as either experimentalists or theorists
  - specialize in theoretical or experimental areas
  - specify lenses by their focal lengths
  - work at the forefront of science and technology
* work on analysis channels
  - with a mixture of theory and experiment
+ Cauchy distribution: Physics :: Probability distributions
  * As a probability distribution it is usually called a 'Cauchy distribution'. Physicists know it as a 'Lorentz distribution'.
+ Gravity: Force :: Basic physics ideas
+ Magnetic flux: Magnetism
  * The CGS unit is the maxwell. For example, it is used by electrical engineers trying to design systems with electromagnets or designing dynamos. Physicists designing particle accelerators also calculate it
  - moment, Two definitions of moment, Magnetic pole definition
  * Physicists represent sources of magnetic moments in materials as poles. The North and South poles are an analogy to the positive and negative charges in electrostatics. Consider a bar magnet which has magnetic poles of equal magnitude but opposite polarity. Each pole is the source of magnetic force which weakens with distance. Since magnetic poles always come in pairs, their forces partially cancel each other because while one pole pulls, the other repels. This cancellation is greatest when the poles are close to each other i.e. when the bar magnet is short
+ Particle physics, Collider
  * Physicists find out about particles by studying collisions between different particles. A good analogy of how physicists study particles through colliding is the car crash example. Imagine a person wanted to look inside cars. By crashing two cars together at very high speeds, we can break the cars apart and see inside. In the same way, physicists crash two particles together in order to break them and study the inside.
+ Quantum gravity
  * Quantum gravity' is an area of research in physics. Right now, physics is able to describe gravity of real-life sized objects using general relativity. Physicists can also describe the universe on a microscopic scale with quantum mechanics. The goal of quantum gravity is to develop a theory which contains both general relativity and quantum mechanics. However, combining the theories of the big and the small is very difficult in practice
  - mechanics, The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle: Basic physics ideas :: Mechanics :: Mathematics :: Nuclear physics :: Quantum mechanics
  * Physicists usually talk about the momentum in such discussions instead of talking about speed. Momentum is just the speed of something in a certain direction times its mass.
  * Physicists discover the top quark subatomic particle
+ Speed of light: Light :: Astrophysics :: Relativity
  * The 'speed of light' is the speed at which light travels in empty space. Physicists often use the letter 'c' to denote the speed of light.
+ Undulator: Synchrotron instrumentation
  * Physicist think about undulators both using classical physics and relativity. This means that though the precision calculation is tedious the undulator can be seen as a black box. An electron enters this box and an electromagnetic pulse exits through a small exit slit. The slit should be small enough so that only the main cone passes, so that  the side lobes may be ignored.