### acid:

Acetic acid
* Many acetic acid based solvents are on the market and are less toxic than other solvents.
* acts a flavour agent and natural preservative.
* colorless liquid with a sharp, irritating odor.
* corrosive chemical.
* gives a distinctive vinegar note, while citric acid gives a sharp, clean bite.
* has a smell similar to vinegar
  - strong odor, but citric is fairly corrosive
  - molecular polarity
  - more highly electronegative oxygen atoms than the other molecules
* is also a product in the destructive distillation of wood
  - an important ingredient of vinegar
* is an irritant by skin contact or inhalation
  - to the eyes and mucous membranes
  - oxoacid
  - carboxylic acid
  - chemical compounds
  - considered to be about one third as effective as propionic acid
  - formed upon contact with water or humid air
  - more acidic than ethanol because the acetate anion is stabilized by resonance
* is one step short of glycine, the simplest amino acid
  - the simplest amino acid, glycine
  - produced following placement of the fluid
  - quite corrosive
* is the constituent that makes vinegar sour
  - more significant cause of the deterioration in the European museums studied
  - most common cleaner used in home stills
* is used as the reaction solvent
  - for coagulation of latex
  - usually easier to come by in large quantities than saliva is
* mature product and is manufactured by a limited number of large producers.
* mixes readily with water.
* relatively weak acid.
* smells like vinegar.
* strong acid
  - irritant and a corrosive
* vital ingredient for the feedstock for polyester production.
* weak acid, so a base is required to obtain any acid-base reaction
  - elecetrolyte
  - electrolyte because only some of the molecules dissociate to form ions
* weaker acid than hydrocyanic acid.

### acid:

Alginic acid
* are commercially important in the production of rubber and textiles.
* controls bleeding.
* creates a foam barrier between the stomach and the esophagus.
* is chemical compounds
  - gum
  - obtained from brown algae
  - one of the main constituents in bladderwrack
  - used in ice cream as a smoothener
* linear polysaccharide made from two different monomer subunits.
* reacts with saliva to produce a foamy froth that layers on the liquid in the stomach.
* type of dietary fiber that can be used to help relieve constipation and diarrhea.

Aminolevulinic acid
* causes skin cells to become much more sensitive to certain types of light.
* prepares the skin it is used on for light therapy.

### acid:

Arachidonic acid
* comes prepackaged in animal meats, chicken, shell fish, and dairy products.
* fatty acid released from cell membranes in response to injury.
* gives rise to potent lipid mediators, known collectively as eicosanoids.
* increases cytosolic calcium and stimulates hormone release in rat lactotrophs
  - nitric oxide release from elicited peritoneal macrophages in rats
* is an essential oil found in all human cell walls
  - essential for desiccation tolerance
* is found in such food substances as dairy foods, and red meats
  - naturally occurring in the diet, mostly through animal products
  - only in animal fats
  - primarily in animal fats and is often too high in modern diets
  - metabolized to prostaglandins, leukotrienes and lipoxins
  - particularly important for feline immunity
  - released from membrane phospholipids as a response to inflammatory stimuli
  - the building block of bad eicosanoids
  - vital for the function of the brain and nervous system
* metabolites after excimer laser corneal surgery
  - having potent pharmacological effects
  - relevant to medicine
* part of phospholipids in the plasma membranes of cells.
* stimulates protein kinase C-epsilon redistribution in heart cells
  - tyrosine phosphorylation in vascular cells