ontocord/MixtureVitae-genericsKB huggingface dataset:
### condition | illness | disease:

Gastroenteritis
* Some gastroenteritis affects absorption.
* Some gastroenteritis occurs in children
  - young children
* includes inflammation.

### condition | illness | disease | gastroenteritis:

Acute gastroenteritis
* common disease of adults and children worldwide.
* is spread by contact with infected stool.

Viral gastroenteritis
* affects people in all parts of the world.
* is characterized by watery diarrhea and is very common around the world
  - viral infection
* occurs in people of all ages and backgrounds.

Gastrointestinal disease
* Some gastrointestinal diseases are caused by ingestion.
* Some gastrointestinal diseases are characterized by acute diarrhea
* Some gastrointestinal diseases cause chest pain
* are an important cause of illness in Australia.

Genetic abnormality
* Genetic abnormalities are the culprit in a small number, but most tumors have no known cause.
* Some genetic abnormalities affect bone health
  - signal the presence of a gene that causes a disease

### condition | illness | disease:

Genetic disease
* Many genetic diseases occur because a person is missing the gene for a single enzyme
  - only with the right environment
* Most genetic diseases affect children.
* Most genetic diseases are an aberration of some biological maneuver present in health
  - probably very complex, involving numerous genes and environmental factors
  - have effects
  - result from abnormal changes, or mutations, in genes
* Some genetic diseases affect glands
  - pituitary glands
* Some genetic diseases are like that
  - sex-linked
  - cause tumors
  - fit the predictions of heterosis
* Some genetic diseases have deafness as one component
  - dominant inheritance, some recessive
  - result from the inappropriate activation of genes
* are conditions that can be passed on from a parent to offspring
  - determined by two genes, one received from the father and one from the mother
  - diseases that are inherited
  - genetic conditions
  - illnesses
  - rare, but all common diseases are associated with a number of genes
* can also arise from an abnormal number or arrangement of chromosomes
  - evolve through genetic drift
* cause a few types of primary tumors.
* is fairly complex.
* knows no boundaries by age, sex, race, or country of origin.
* make up a large proportion of the total disease burden in the population.
* manifested by the effects of specific metabolic defects are of particular interest.
* result when a gene is defective or missing, causing affected cells to malfunction.

### condition | illness | disease | genetic disease:

Alkaptonuria
* is an extremely rare disease
  - inherited condition that causes urine to turn black when exposed to air
  - caused by a deficiency in homogentisate dioxygenase
  - seen in all races
* usually causes painful joint disease involving the back, hips, and knees.
### condition | illness | disease:

Genetic disorder
* Exist past our borders.
* Many genetic disorders are caused by in one or a few genes
  - can manifest themselves differently in different individuals
* Most genetic disorder affects bone growth
  - involves defects
* Most genetic disorders are controlled by dominant alleles
  - quite rare and affect one person in every several thousands or millions
  - involve more than one gene
* Some genetic disorder affects connective tissue
  - lungs
  - mucuses
  - partners
* Some genetic disorder causes cysts
  - large cysts
* Some genetic disorder is caused by mutation
  - point mutation
  - limits excretion
* Some genetic disorders are more common than others
  - can cause hyperbilirubinemia in newborns
* are only a small portion of the causes of disease.
* can also be the result of extra, missing or damaged chromosomes.
* differ greatly in the impairment they entail.
* results in problems.
+ Chromosome
  * Different animals have different numbers of chromosomes. If a person does not have the usual number of chromosomes, they may die or have one or more peculiarities. Some genetic disorders are more common than others.
  * Most genetic disorders are quite rare and affect one person in every several thousands or millions. Sometimes they are relatively frequent in a population.

Glomerular disease
* are more common than tubulointerstitial diseases.
* is the most common cause of pathologic proteinuria.
### condition | illness | disease:

Inflammatory disease
* Most inflammatory diseases affect organ tissue
  - are characterized by symptoms
* Most inflammatory diseases cause damage
  - neurological damage
* Most inflammatory diseases cause permanent damage
  - occur in patients
* Some inflammatory diseases affecting small arteries can lead to arterial occlusion
  - lead to infertility
* is influenced by the nervous system.
* represent one of the most pressing public health problems in our society.

### condition | illness | disease | inflammatory disease | angina:

Trench mouth
* is angina
  - contagion
* painful infection of the gums and mucous membranes in the mouth.

Variant angina
* is due to coronary artery spasm.
* occurs due to coronary artery spasm alone.

Pharyngitis
* is an inflammatory disease
* occurs in association with the common cold.

### condition | illness | disease | inflammatory disease:

Sore throat
* Most sore throats accompany a cold or flu and are caused by viruses.
* Most sore throats are due to viral infection
* Some sore throats are the result of streptococcal pharyngitis
  - can be signs of more serious illness
* affect alternately the sides of the throat or tonsils.
* are a common problem in pediatrics
  - common complaints in elementary school children
  - common, a product of the dry air and cold, and notoriously difficult to treat
  - often the early warning signs of colds or the flu
  - one of the most common reasons children are seen by a doctor
* can also be due to sinus, other contagious diseases, measles, etc
  - be the result of a cold, flu, or bacterial infection, such as strep throat
* caused by a virus can be very painful.
* includes acute tonsillitis and acute or chronic pharyngitis.
  - one symptom of an array of different medical disorders
* respond to ginger when used as a gargle.
* symptom of many medical disorders.
* unaccompanied by a fever can signal the start of a cold or flu.
* very common symptom of viral infection, often as part of a cold or flu.

Stomach flu
* is an inflammatory disease
* viral infection that affects the stomach and small intestine.
### condition | illness | disease | influenza:

Influenza vaccination
* has a favorable side-effects profile.
* is contraindicated in persons with allergy to egg.
* is the best way to prevent influenza
  - single most important measure in preventing influenza infection
  - vaccination

Pandemic influenza
* can spread easily from person to person, causing a global outbreak, or pandemic.
* is the most serious predictable public health emergency.

Swine influenza
* continues to be of concern as new strains enter herds.
* is an acute contagious disease caused by type A orthomyxoviruses
  - diseases
* reduces litter size.

Intestinal disease
* Most intestinal diseases affect humans.
* Some intestinal diseases are caused by protozoans.
* can also produce the symptoms.

Kidney disease
* Most kidney diseases have symptoms
  - kill patients
* Some kidney diseases affect brains
  - are caused by defects
  - occur in adults
  - result from hereditary factors
### condition | illness | disease | lichen:

Crustose lichen
* Most crustose lichens are small and drab and require a microscope for identification.
* are common on rocks and tree bark
  - highly variable in anatomy
* are the most conspicuous species found on hot desert surfaces
  - diverse and least noticed group of lichens in Missouri
  - very difficult to remove from their substrates
  - wafer thin and look like a paint stain on a rock or tree

Fruticose lichen
* are attached to the substrate by a holdfast
  - often the first to disappear when a natural habitat is disrupted
  - shrubby forms with many branches
  - the most three-dimensional
  - upright or hanging, and often are confused with and called mosses
* have an intricately branched, upright or pendulous thallus.

Reindeer lichen
* Most reindeer lichens have distribution.
* have a circumpolar distribution
* provide important ground cover in northern woodlands.

### condition | illness | disease:

Liver disease
* Many liver diseases are actually liver fluke infestations
  - can necessitate a liver transplant
* Most liver diseases cause damage
  - don t have symptoms and when they do they are often vague
* Most liver diseases have similar symptoms
* Some liver diseases are highly contagious and pose a risk to others.
* Some liver diseases associate with cystic fibrosis
  - exposure
  - occur only in women and others are more frequent in women than in men
* affects people of all ages.
* are diseases
  - illnesses
* can affect the absorption of food and the production of proteins and vitamins
  - also be a side effect of another health problem
* can be fatal in childhood
  - life threatening
* can cause a dangerous build-up of toxins in the liver
  - both itching and impotence but it usually has to be pretty advanced
  - the build-up of substances in the bloodstream causing neurologic symptoms
  - lead to problems with blood clotting
  - make someone very sick because of all the important work the liver does
  - prolong the clearance of isoniazid
  - raise the levels of fats
* causes damage to the individual liver cells
  - reduced excretion of copper in bile, and liver copper levels increase
* common result of long term alcohol use.
* constitutes a chronic uncontrollable stress to the patient.
* impairs the capacity to eliminate valproate.
* increases nelfinavir levels.
* is also possible
  - difficult to diagnose and still more difficult to treat
  - endemic in Saudi Arabia
  - the tenth leading cause of death in the United States
* leads to decreased function and portosystemic shunting.
* presents in many different forms.
* very serious problem.
+ Liver, Liver diseases: Anatomy of the digestive system
  * There are many different liver diseases. Liver disease can make someone very sick because of all the important work the liver does. People who have bad liver disease usually die unless they can get a liver 'transplant'. This is where the liver from someone who has just died is put in another person. Such surgeries are usually technically challenging but can be life-saving.
### condition | illness | disease | liver disease:

Liver cancer
* Some liver cancer has chances.
* can also lead to abdominal swelling and a feeling of fullness or bloating
  - occur in people with cirrhosis from alcohol abuse
* can be deadly
  - difficult to treat
  - lead to loss of appetite, weight loss, fever, fatigue and weakness
* is also related to alcohol use
  - called primary if the tumor starts from cells of the liver
  - carcinoma
* is difficult to control unless the cancer is found when it is very small
  - diagnose early because patients often exhibit few symptoms
  - found four times more often in men than in women
  - more common in men than it is in women
* is one of the most deadly forms of the disease
  - prevalent and deadly forms of cancer in the world today
  - quite rare, but it is usually fatal within a year of diagnosis
  - thought to be one of the three commonest cancers worldwide
* is usually a contraindication to transplantation, except in experimental protocols
  - fatal within six months
  - very difficult to cure or control
* malignant tumor in the liver, the largest organ inside the body.
* provides another interesting example of what incessant irritation can cause.
* represents an abnormal growth of cells that arise from the tissue of the liver.
* starts within a single cell.
* very serious thing.
### condition | illness | disease:

Otosclerosis
- genetic diseases
* can sometimes worsen in pregnancy and can sometimes run in families.
* common cause of hearing impairment and is hereditary.
  - of the bones of the inner ear
* is an osseous dyscrasia limited to the temporal bone
  - hereditary and is often seen in more than one member in a family
* is the abnormal growth of bone of the inner ear
  - the hearing bones in the middle ear
* often progresses more rapidly during pregnancy.

### condition | illness | disease:

Parasitic disease
* Most parasitic diseases affect humans
  - afflict humans
* Parasitic Diseases are also potential zoonoses.
* Some parasitic diseases are caused by adult tapeworms
  - roundworms
  - occur in the United States
* are also routine in wild-caught box turtles
  - often more virulent when they emerge, and then decrease over time
* can affect practically all living organisms , including plants and mammals.
* continues to be a major health problem worldwide in humans and domestic animals.
* remain a major problem in many parts of the world.
* spread easily in such conditions.

Peridontal disease
* are infections of the gum and bone that hold the teeth in place.
* is an infection of the tissue around the teeth.
* is very common in older dogs and causes bad breath, and often serious infections
  - dogs, causes bad breath, and often serious infections
### condition | illness | disease | plant disease:

Black spot
- scattered across the body no matter what the base color
  - visible on the back of older nymphs
* causes black spots on the leaves.
* cover the body but fade with age, as the fins darken.
* fungal leaf spot.
* is caused by a parasite called a fluke which burrows into the skin of fish
  - most severe in summers with sustained rainy periods
  - probably the most common and serious disease of roses in Kentucky
  - reduced by washing radishes in chlorinated water
  - spread by splashing water
  - the scourge of rose gardeners who grow roses in humid coastal climates like Sydney
* occur on young nuts and shoots.
* occurs wherever roses are grown.
  - common in roses
* problem both in greenhouse production and outdoor plantings.
* very common fungus disease of roses in Vermont.
* wet weather disease.

Brown rot
* are plant diseases.
* can be just as damaging to cherries, nectarines and other stone fruits
  - cause loss of structural integrity even before the rot is visible
  - destroy both buds and blossoms on many fruit trees
* cause affected wood to become dark, firm and chunky.
* have a shrunken cubical appearance.
* is easier to control if inoculum levels are low.
* occurs mostly in gymnosperms and in wood products.

### condition | illness | disease | plant disease | brown rot:

Gummosis
* brown rot
* can result from a number of causes
  - environmental stress, mechanical injury, or disease and insect infestation
* is believed to be a condition of weak and injured trees and is reported to be infectious
  - when a tree exudes sap in a gummy form
### condition | illness | disease:

Pneumococcal disease
* can lead to serious infections of the lungs, blood and covering of the brain.
* common complication from influenza.
* constant threat.
* disease of the very young and the elderly.
* is an infection caused by a certain type of bacteria
  - bacteria that invades the lungs
  - of the lungs, blood, or brain
* is an infectious disease that occurs in people with weakened immune systems
  - respiratory illness of particular concern to older people
* is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in the United States
  - vaccine-preventable deaths in the United States
  - treated with antibiotics
* kills thousands of older people in the United States each year.
* serious disease that can be fatal.
* serious disease that causes much sickness and death

Pneumoconiosis
* comprises two disease processes.
* fibrotic lung disease caused by the inhalation of dusts.
* general term for disease of the lungs caused by dusts.
* is detected by chest X-rays and by testing the function of the lungs
  - lung diseases
  - respiratory diseases
* occurs when lung tissue reacts to the accumulation of dust in the lungs.
### condition | illness | disease:

Rheumatic disease
* Many rheumatic diseases are chronic, and the symptoms fluctuate.
* Some rheumatic diseases result from deposition.
* are a serious disease burden.
* can affect various internal organs
  - also affect other areas of the body, including internal organs
* cause inflammation in the connective tissue and in other parts of the body.
* come in many forms, from lupus to scleroderma.
* is no respecter of age, sex or social status
  - sex, race or social status
  - the culprit

### condition | illness | disease:

Serious disease
* All serious diseases pose emotional problems.
* Many serious diseases appear at first to be 'the flu'
  - are common, particularly malaria, hepatitis, dysentery, and bilharzia
* Most serious diseases affect humans.
* Some serious diseases affect fruit
  - peach fruit
* Some serious diseases are carried by insects
  - caused by bacteria
* Some serious diseases are transmitted by infect rodents
  - can cause skin symptoms
  - cause death
  - have no vaccine or cure
* Some serious diseases kill pine
  - white pine
  - threaten deer

### condition | illness | disease:

Several disease
* affect channel catfish in production ponds.
* afflict coons, including both canine and feline distemper.
* are believed to result from misfolded proteins.
* attack the fruit, generally after an initial insect has caused lesion.
* can affect cartilage
  - snap beans
  - be problems for social insects
* can cause low conception rates and abortions in dairy cattle
  - symptoms similar to caged layer fatigue
  - infect dogwood leaves and flowers and cause spotting and dying
  - reduce yields and quality of bell, pimento, and hot peppers
  - result from heartworm infection
* infect cherry fruit just before, during, and after harvest.
* subject the kidneys to damage.
+ Protein folding: Proteins
  * If proteins do not fold into their native shape, they are inactive and are usually toxic. Several diseases are believed to result from  misfolded proteins. Many allergies are caused by the folding of the proteins, for the immune system does not produce antibodies for all possible protein structures. Alberts, Bruce 'et al' 2010. Protein structure and function. In 'Essential cell biology'.

### condition | illness | disease:

Severe disease
* More severe disease requires hydrochloric acid pump inhibitors such as omeprazole or lansoprazole.
* Some severe diseases lead to pneumonia
  - occur in infants
  - result in death
* can cause crop loss and tree debilitation
  - include acute hepatitis, pneumonia, and meningoencephalitis
  - lead to kidney damage and, in some cases, death
* can occur during periods of high rainfall combined with strong winds or hail
  - in immunocompromised hosts
* causes premature yellowing of leaves, sometimes followed by lodging and defoliation.
* is characterized by seizures, coma and paralysis
  - rare and occurs more commonly in persons with weakened immune systems
  - seen extending into populations in previously less affected areas
### condition | illness | disease:

Transmission of disease
* is airborne
  - likely only if an infected tick goes unnoticed for several days
  - primarily via water that has been contaminated by human feces
* recognized hazard to all health care profession students.

Tropical disease
* Some tropical diseases affect pigs
  - involve the urogenital organs
* account for a minuscule amount of drug research and development.
* are prevalent, along with malnutrition.
### condition | illness:

Foodborne illness
* Many foodborne illnesses are the result of the person's own poor food handling practices
  - occur because of the way food is handled and prepared in the home
* Most foodborne illness is caused by biological hazards
  - lasts a few hours or days
* Some foodborne illnesses have effects that go on for weeks, months, or even years.

Gastrointestinal disorder
* Some gastrointestinal disorder affects adults
  - australian adults
* can inhibit absorption and result in pernicious anemia
* diminish if allopurinol is taken after meals.
* have a major impact on health.
* is an illness

### condition | illness | gastrointestinal disorder:

Mushroom poisoning
* can be an extremely horrible way to die.
* causes convulsions, nausea , vomiting , vision problems, and stupor.
* is gastrointestinal disorder
  - more common in Europe than in America

Heat illness
* Most heat illnesses occur during the first couple of exercise sessions in the heat.
* Working in hot conditions, indoors or outdoors, creates health risks.
* are easily preventable by taking necessary precautions in hot weather.
* can affect almost anyone.
* is an emergency situation and requires medical care.
* occurs at differing levels of severity
  - because of excess heat exposure

Insolation
* affects temperature.
* are solar radiation.
  * affects temperature. The more the insolation, the higher the temperature.
* is difficult to measure due to variations in time and spatial location
* is the amount of solar shortwave energy intercepted by an exposed surface
  - total time of bright sunshine per month
  - usually the main positive component making up net radiation
* plays an important role in initiating hail producing thunderstorms.

### condition | illness | insolation:

Solar insolation
* has a large influence on fuel moisture.
* is the amount of incoming solar radiation on the Earth.

Medical illness
* Many medical illnesses disrupt sleep and impair alertness.
* can cause chronic insomnia.

Mild illness
* can last from one to two weeks, but recovery can take several months in severe cases.
* causes crampy abdominal pain, little or no fever, and semiformed, foul-smelling stools.
* includes fever and muscle aches and sometimes nausea or diarrhea
  - aches, swollen lymph glands and sometimes a skin rash
* range from flu and colds to ear infections and asthma.
* reason to withhold vaccination.
### condition | illness | toxaemia | preeclampsia:

Severe preeclampsia
* affects the mother's blood system, kidneys, brain, and other organs.
* can lead to seizures.
* is indicated by end-organ damage due to systemic vasoconstriction
  - managed in an intensive care setting as if the patient was truly eclamptic

Toxemia
* means the presence of toxic substances in the blood stream.
* usually occurs only in the last half of pregnancy.
### condition | illness | tumor:

Carcinoid
* are likely to grow for many years without producing any symptoms
  - of low grade malignancy and have no relationship to cigarette smoking
  - tumors producing excessive amounts of serotonin
* arise from Neuroendocrine cells of endodermal derivation.

### condition | illness | tumor:

Carcinoid tumor
* are extremely vascular and thus often bleed when biopsied
  - individualists that act differently depending upon site and individual
  - part of a larger family of tumors called neuroendocrine tumors
  - relatively rare
  - tumors that secrete excessive amounts of the hormone serotonin
* come from cells related to nerve cells.
* develop from hormone-producing cells of the intestine.
* grow slowly, and many are found while they are still at an early stage.
* start from specialized hormone-making cells in the intestine.
* tend to have low proliferati- ve rates.

### condition | illness | tumor | carcinoid:

Gastric carcinoid
* expresses the gastrin autocrine pathway.
* have varied etiopathogenesis.

Chondroma
* Some chondromas cause pain.
* are benign tumors
  - more likely to occur at a younger age although adults are more commonly affected
* occur with some frequency on the tip of the tail as a hard round lump.

Curable tumor
* Many curable tumors grow rapidly and tend to have high growth fractions.
* Most curable tumors require at least six to eight cycle of therapy.

Cutaneous tumor
* are prone to ulcerate.
* behave in the same way as demonstrated by squamous cell carcinomas.

Diploid tumor
* are also more responsive to hormonal therapy.
* have a more favorable outcome than either tetraploid or aneuploid tumors.

Enchondroma
* are asymptomatic and can be located in any bone, especially in the hands and feet
  - difficult to differentiate from low grade chondrosarcoma by radiology
  - radiolucent with amorphous radiodense nodules
  - usually long and oval and have well-defined margins
* have chondrocytes without atypia inside hyaline cartilage.

Endocrine tumor
* Some endocrine tumors produce excessive hormones
* produce excessive hormones that affect other parts of the body.

Esophageal tumor
* can develop anywhere along the esophagus.
* have no specific body site they prefer to metastasize to.

Few tumor
* contain only clear cells, however.
* present in an early stage and most have nodal involvement at diagnosis.
* represent the abnormal growth of neurons.
### condition | impurity | contamination:

Radioactive contamination
* affects thousands of square miles permanently.
* can be on surface or in building material
  - waterborne, airborne, or deposited directly on surfaces
* is radioactive material that is deposited on a nonradioactive surface
  - rife

Soil contamination
* can also be a direct result of litter or debris that is dumped onto vacant lots.
* consists of either liquid or solid particles mixed with soil.
* includes VOCs, semi-VOCs, pesticides, PCBs, and inorganic compounds.

Water contamination
* Most water contamination affects safety.
* Some water contamination causes corrosion.
* can occur in many different ways.
* is measured in parts per million and billion.
* poses problems
  - serious problems
* reduce the capacity to produce and export from that sector.
### condition | infection:

Active infection
* confers the strongest and longest-lasting immunity.
* requires systemic therapy

Acute infection
* Most acute infection is caused by influenza viruses
* are characterized by a short period of dyspnea is followed by sudden death
  - most noteworthy in general medicine
* can cause enlargement of the spleen and make the liver tender.
* presents as an abscess, and chronic infection results in a fistula.
* result from direct exposure with an infected animal.
* show no real signs other than perhaps a little mucous.

### condition | infection:

Adenovirus infection
* Many adenovirus infections are subclinical or asymptomatic.
* Most adenovirus infection affects children
  - shows symptoms
  - infections affect the upper respiratory tract
* Some adenovirus infection affects respiratory tracts
* Some adenovirus infection affects upper respiratory tracts
  - occurs in situations
* are common in all age groups
  - common, have a worldwide distribution, and occur throughout the year
  - difficult to prevent
  - very common, most are asymptomatic
* can occur throughout the year, but seem to be most common from fall to spring.
* occur year round.

Anaerobic infection
* Many anaerobic infections originate near a disrupted mucosal surface.
* are among the most challenging infectious disease problems.

Anicteric infection
* are common in young children.
* is typical in young children and infants.

Arboviral infection
* are a family of viral diseases that cause a variety of illnesses
  - most common in the summer and early fall
* can cause fever, headache, meningitis, encephalitis, and sometimes death
  - manifest as three types of illnesses in humans

Ascarid infection
* are also common in neonates.
* common problem in broilers, broiler breeders, and turkeys.

Asymptomatic infection
* are more common in women and chlamydia very common coinfection
  - the most common in healthy adults
* can also occur
  - occur most notably in children
* is also common.
* occur in both sexes
  - sometimes with long-term shedding of virus from the pharynx or gut
### condition | infection:

Chest infection
* are notorious in alcoholics.
* seem pretty common too, especially among cigarette smokers
  - to occur more frequently in patients with chronic bronchitis

### condition | infection:

Chlamydial infection
* Most chlamydial infections are silent, causing no symptoms.
* are one of the most treatable STDs, especially when detected early.
* can affect sperm function and fertility in men
  - lead to other serious health problems
* correlates strongly with the circumcised condition.
* is one of the leading sexually transmitted diseases in the United States today
  - most widespread bacterial STDs in the United States
  - reportable in most states
* result in chronic, low-grade conjunctivitis.

### condition | infection:

Chronic infection
* are a consequence of the faulty immune mechanisms
  - by no means the sole reason for the development of atherosclerosis
* can be painful and lead to complications until it is resolved.
* can cause disease of the lungs, liver, intestine and bladder
  - intermittent abdominal pain, vomiting, malabsorption and weight loss
  - scars or adhesions to impair the mobility of the ossicles
  - harm the eardrum and close the ear canal
  - last from months to years
* can lead to a myelitis, cord abscess, or a vasculits and cord infarction
  - extensive scarring with ischemia and tissue necrosis
  - liver inflammation, cirrhosis and cancer
  - poor nutrition
  - manifest itself in different ways
  - persist intermittently for years
  - stunt a child s language and speech development
* cause about nine percent of cancer cases, mostly in developing countries.
* causes the ear canal tissue to become thick and rough.
* contribute to about one-third of the world's cancer.
* gives rise to recurrent diarrhea alternating with constipation.
* is common and can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma
  - possible with recurrent symptoms
* leads to a vicious cycle
  - diseases of the liver, kidneys and bladder
* occurs when the host's immune system decreases the formation of tachyzoites.
* varies in severity and clinical course.

Coccidial infection
* are common in dogs and cats.
* can be present in clinically normal dogs.
* respond well to treatment with sulpha based antibiotics.

Congenital infection
* Most congenital infections are asymptomatic.
* affect the unborn fetus or newborn infant.
* appears to have no detrimental affect on calf health.
* are usually responsible for premature births.
* comes from a mother who has been infected during or shortly before pregnancy.
* is most severe if acquired in the first or second trimester
  - the first or, in some cases, second trimester
  - of greatest concern in humans

Cutaneous infection
* are infections of the skin , finger nails and toenails
  - most common and are subclassified into fixed cutaneous and lymphocutaneous
* can result from direct inoculation of organisms into the skin.

Dental infection
* can grow to infect the eyes or spread to the neck
  - stress the system and even contribute to major organ disease
* is the leading cause of necrotizing cervical fasciitis.
### condition | infection:

Subclinical infection
* are common amongst the general population
  - in infected areas
* are common, as demonstrated by a positive burulin skin test
  - particularly in the maintenance host
  - economically important in terms of milk production and milk quality
  - very common in all ruminant species in infected areas
* can also be infectious
  - occur especially in children

Successful infection
* is dependent on the availability of moisture on plant surfaces.
* occur only where spores land on cut or wounded areas of onion tissue.

Superficial infection
* Most superficial infection invades tissue.
* are generally limited to the outer layers of the skin and hair.

Superinfection
* are common, and scarring can occur.
* is infection

### condition | infection | superinfection:

Bacterial superinfection
* including bacteremia can develop.
* is the most common complication of varicella.
* require antibiotics.

Symptomatic infection
* is more common in women during the reproductive period.
* takes the form of roseola, with characteristic rash and accompanying fever.

### condition | infection:

Systemic infection
* Some systemic infection causes pneumonia.
* are the most serious and the most difficult to treat of the fungal infections.
* can be life threatening, especially in the immunocompromised host
  - occur depending upon the microbe
* causes early shoot death and prevents seed production.
* focus attention on temperature and other homeostatic indicators.
* is acquired by a respiratory route.
* leads to severe stunting and leaf distorion if infection occurs very early.
* occurs through the roots when the soil is saturated.

Throat infection
* Most throat infection causes breathe problems.
* can make it uncomfortable for the cat to swallow.
* produce pain and swelling of the soft tissues at the back of the throat.
### condition | infection:

Trichomoniasis
* are diseases.
* can also be costly to eradicate from a herd
  - cause painful inflammation, itching and vaginal discharge
* common form of vaginitis.
* disease caused by a parasite that lives in the bird's liver, throat, and lungs.
* genital infection caused by a parasite.
* is also a venereal disease
  - an infection of the vagina and penis
* is caused by a parasite that gets into the crop of the bird
  - the single-celled protozoan parasite
  - common in the USA also
  - diagnosed by examining a drop of vaginal fluid under a microscope
  - one of the most common infections worldwide
  - primarily an infection of the urogenital tract
  - spread by sexual contact
* is spread through sexual activity
  - the least common of the three vaginal infections
* is transmitted by sex and is easily curable
  - through vaginal sex with an infected person
  - treated with oral anti-protozoal medications
* needs medical attention.
* usually is transmitted sexually.
* very common infection of the vagina
  - sexually transmitted disease

Untreated infection
* can cause symptoms for months after exposure, and persist until treated
  - that occur months or years after the initial exposure
  - eventually spread and become much more serious
  - result in blood in urine and stools, and enlarged liver and spleen
* lead to destruction of the periodontal ligement and alveolar bone.

Upper respiratory infection
* mays have causes.
* needs treatments.

Urinary infection
* Most urinary infection is caused by bacteria
  - certain bacteria
* are more common in girls because the urethra is shorter than in boys
  - frequent by ascendent via
  - reduced by correcting the voiding dysfunction

Urine infection
* are common in children
  - more common in uncircumcised boys than circumcised boys
* can occur in infants and they are more common in infant boys than in infant girls.

Uterine infection
* are a very important cause of infertility in alpacas
  - very serious
* respond best to tetracycline boluses placed into the uterus.

Vaginal infection
* Most vaginal infections are very distinctive in appearance and symptoms.
* account for about half of visits to the gynecologist.
* are frequent causes of distress and discomfort
  - quite common and many over the counter remedies exist
  - very common and affect most women at some point in their lives
* can alter cervical mucus changes
  - and do occur during pregnancy
  - be uncomfortable but they can be treated effectively
### condition | infection:

Viral infection
* Many viral infections can either directly or indirectly cause headache.
* Most viral infection causes damage
* Most viral infection is caused by influenza viruses
  - infections are unrecognizable because they are so mild or entirely asymptomatic
* Some viral infection causes flu.
* Some viral infections are dangerous in pregnancy
  - serious and can be deadly
  - can result in a transient arthritis
* are a common cause of immune and infectious thrombocytopenia
  - major cause in older adults
  - serious problem in shrimp farming
  - shot in the arm for the computer market
  - very common trigger of an asthma attack more common than allergy
  - common and are frequently related to a cold
* are more common in summer and fall
  - likely to cause an increase in monocytes and lymphocytes
  - one of the leading causes of medical complications in transplant recipients
  - probably the most common cause of death amoung cats
  - sometimes treatable with medication, depending on the virus involved
* are the leading cause of acute asthma attacks
  - outbreaks in Minnesota
  - most frequent precipitants of asthma exacerbations in infancy
  - usually the cause of orchitis, the most notorious of which are the mumps
* can also affect the muscular system
  - cause non-regenerative anemia
* can cause disease in humans, animals and even plants
  - fading puppy syndrome
  - interfere with blood cell production
  - lead to sinusitis in susceptible patients
  - manifest themselves in many different ways depending on the type of virus
  - produce warts or small growths called molluscum contagiosum
* can sometimes develop into secondary bacterial infections
  - lead to bacterial infections
* cause most coughs, sore throats and all colds.
* causes cell necrosis
* induce a variety of defects in alveolar macrophage bactericidal activity.
  - the natural way to introduce exogenous nucleic acid into cells
  - typical of other cell associated herpes viruses
* means there virus living in the body.
* modulates expression of hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
* produce mononuclear cell infiltrates microscopically.
* resolve on their own over time.
* tend to be diffuse, causing a viral encephalitis
  - resolve on their own without treatment

Virus infection
* Most virus infection affects children.
* Some virus infections are more virulent when they occur in pregnant women
  - get into the nerve itself and do irreparable damage
* can damage software and cause system errors
  - drastically alter plasma membranes
  - thus lead to a permanent change in some cellular characteristics
* has mimicry.
* is infection
  - mostly man-made
  - very common, anyone can get a virus

### condition | infection | virus infection:

Hemorrhagic fever
* are fevers
* cause high temperatures and bleeding.
* is an often fatal disease, with a wide spectrum of symptoms occurring in humans
* serious and communicable disease.

Wound infection
* are major determinants for both acute and late complications.
* can spread to adjacent organs or tissue, or to distant areas via the blood stream.
### condition | infection:

Yeast infection
* Some yeast infection affects skin surfaces
  - infections are due to food allergies
* are a common form of an inflammation of the vagina called vaginitis
  - vaginitis , an inflammation of the vagina
* are also common in certain people with diabetes
  - more common in diabetic women, who's urine often is higher in sugar
  - bothersome and can be costly
  - caused by an overgrowth of fungus in the vagina known as Candida
  - common among women taking antibiotics
* are common, serious, and under-diagnosed
  - usually localized, infections of the vagina
  - fungal in nature, often developing on moist areas of the skin
  - highly treatable
* are more common after menopause
  - in children who are taking antibiotics
  - likely to recur in warm climates
  - relatively common
  - the most common vulvar infection
  - usually easy to treat
* are very common and easily spread
  - in babies
* can also affect infants
  - be due to other diseases like diabetes
  - cause an itchy or painful red rash on the skin
  - get into the baby's eyes, too
* can occur after a course of antibiotics
  - through non-sexual means as well
  - produce redness or red bumps around the vulva
* cause fibroids of the uterus and breast.
* have a definite odor and usually manifest with itching and burning
  - an opportunity to take hold when our body systems become imbalanced
* is caused by a fungus
  - fungal infection
  - one of the common ways in which the vulva can be infected
* occur more frequently in women with diabetes
  - often in women who have weakened immune systems
  - when the acid-base balance of the vagina is upset
* present a different clinical picture.
* presents with a white curd-like, odourless discharge and itching
  - white, cottage cheese-like, odorless discharge and itching
* produce a thick, white vaginal discharge with the consistency of cottage cheese.
* range from mild to serious and each needs to be treated differently.
* tend to occur in warm moist enviornments
  - produce clumpy, white itchy discharge with very little odor
### condition | infertility:

Female infertility
* can result from infections of untreated sexually transmitted diseases.
* means the male is unable to impregnate the female because of female factors.

Male infertility
* can have many causes, some that can be treated successfully.
* is an under recognized but hugely important cause of couple infertility
  - just as prevalent as female infertility
  - often the result of an underlying and usually treatable condition
  - quite different from impotence
  - the inability to initiate a pregnancy due to a problem with the male partner
* problem for about forty percent of infertile couples.

Primary infertility
* describes couples who are unable to have any children.
* is that which occurs without a prior term pregnancy.
* refers to women who have never had a child.

Secondary infertility
* applies to women who have delivered at least one child.
* is the inability to conceive after one or more successful pregnancies.

Infirmity
* Infirmities induced by over-indulgence are among some peoples freely recognised as manly attributes.
* health problem
### condition | injury:

Abdominal injury
* Abdominal injuries are often occult.
* is the second most common cause of death among battered children.

Acute injury
* Acute injuries occur from a direct blow from an object or opponent or from a fall.
* Acute injuries require replacement therapy
  - result from contact
  - tend to damage an entire cell, so specific organelle damage is beside the point

Ankle injury
* Ankle injuries are all too common and can lead to permanent disabilility
  - inevitable in any athletic arena
* Most ankle injuries are secondary to inversion injuries.

### condition | injury:

Back injury
* Back injuries account for one of every five workplace injuries or illnesses.
* Back injuries are a major problem in the workplace in terms of cost and lost productivity
  - also a common form of worker disability
  - common in the health care industry
  - common, and are often treated by a physical therapy regimen
* Back injuries are one of the most common causes of disability in the United States
  - most common causes of work-related disability
  - most common injuries among nursing home employees
  - most serious types of strain
* Back injuries are the leading cause of couch potatoes
  - of disability among otherwise healthy adults
  - of disability and disability retirement for fire fighters
* Back injuries are the most common type of disabling work injury
  - type of injuries in the workplace
  - prevalent and most costly injury in nursing care today
  - second leading cause of lost work time
  - can happen to anyone
* Back injuries can occur in carers from helping people to move
  - when moving heavy articles like furniture
  - result in pain, lost income, emotional stress, and disability
  - take a long time to heal
* Back injuries continue to be one of the leading causes of job-related lost workdays
  - take a huge economic and personal toll within the health care sector
* Many back injuries take place in the workplace.
* Most back injuries are the result of lifting, pushing, and pulling over a long period of time
  - occur when bent over
* big problem, including what it costs to an industry.
* can occur from a single incident, such as a fall.
* is one of the most common and costly workplace injuries.
* is the largest single recorded cause of long term sick leave
  - nations leading workplace safety problem
* major affliction in the fire service
  - concern in the construction industry

Blast injury
* Blast injuries can result in acute pulmonary dysfunction.
* can result in arrhythmias.

Blunt injury
* Blunt injuries can also occur when an individual falls against an object.
* Some blunt injuries cause death.

Blunt trauma
* Consider the occupant of a motor vehicle.
* can affect the anterior portion of the eye too
  - cause a hematoma, which decreases in size on serial radiographs
  - damage the eye severely and result in uveitis
  - injure any part of the mandible
* consists of a transfer of energy over a comparatively large surface.
* is an injury
  - caused when a force is exerted against the human body
  - diseases
  - responsible for coup and contrecoup ocular injury
### condition | injury:

Brain injury
* Brain injuries are a significant risk factor for the subsequent development of violent behavior
  - extremely dangerous and are often fatal
  - generally concussions, contusions, or lacerations
* Brain injuries are the leading cause of death and disability among children and young adults
  - most frequent reasons for visits to physicians and emergency rooms
* Brain injuries can also occur by violent impacts that leave the skull undamaged
  - be either focal or diffuse
  - range from mild to severe, and so can the changes that result from the injury
  - change the lives of people each day
  - occur in a variety of different ways, and are more common than most people think
  - place stumbling blocks in the lives of so many people in the United States
  - take a long time to heal, and then require rehab
* Many brain injuries are mild, and symptoms usually disappear over time with proper attention
  - the result of bruising, bleeding, twisting or tearing of brain tissue
* Most brain injuries are irreversible
  - the result of an accident or an assault
  - result from moderate and minor head injuries
* Some brain injuries are caused by accidents
  - cerebral accidents
  - cerebral vascular accidents
  - mild, with symptoms disappearing over time with proper attention
  - cause small pupils and some cause dilated pupils
* Some brain injuries exhibit immediate symptoms
  - result in death
* can affect the part of the brain connected with smell, known as the olfactory center
  - be a catastrophic event which graphically affects a person and their family
  - impair motor memories, a condition called apraxia
* can lead to death or permanent disability
  - paralysis and other life impairing injuries
  - occur in many ways
  - transform a passive person into an aggressive one, and vice sa versa
* causes structural and functional changes.
* complicated matter, whether from a lack of oxygen or from physical trauma.
* encompasses traumatic brain injury, stroke, aneurysm, and other neurologic conditions.
* far too common occurrence in athletics, especially football.
* is about as depressing an event as can happen to an individual and family
  - already the leading cause of death and disability among young adults
  - called the silent epidemic
  - described as open or closed
* is the leading cause of death among adolescents and young adults
  - and disability of children and young adults
  - in bicycle incidents
  - in motorcycle crashes
  - most serious injury suffered in a bicycle crash
  - number one killer and disabler of children in America
  - single largest cause of death and disability among young people
* life long injury.
* life-long disability.
* matter of degree in all human beings.
* occurs in two stages
  - suddenly, without warning, and from that instant a normal life can be changed
* significant cause of morbidity and mortality following trauma.