Apoptosis
* Send feedback to apoptosis.
* allows control of cell growth and removal of possibly harmful cells
  - the body to safely get rid of damaged or potentially harmful cells
* also occurs in free-living unicellular ciliated protists during conjugation
  - spontaneously in many tumors
* also plays a critical role in many disease states
  - vertebrate development and glandular homeostasis
  - crucial role in sculpting the developing nervous system
  - key role in growth and development
* also protects organisms by killing off defective cells
  - the body from cancer
  - provides a primitive form of defense against viral infections
* appears to be the mechanism by which the periderm is removed.
* begins with the shrinking of the nucleus and cytoplasm of the cell.
* biochemically and morphologically distinct form of programmed cell death.
* can have elements of murder, as well as suicide.
* comes from the Greek word for leaves dropping off of trees.
* coordinated process started by an external trigger, and resulting in cell death.
* describes how defective cells are programmed to die, making way for new, healthy cells.
* ensures that cells self-destruct on schedule and are eliminated from the body.
* form of programmed cell death in multicellular organisms
* frequently occurs when cells are unable to adhere to a substrate.
* fundamental biological process vital to cell differentiation and normal development.
* genetically regulated form of cell death.
* happens all the time in a healthy body.
* helps get rid of cancerous cells in our body.
* induced by the drug is involved in neoplastic cell death.
* induces loss of cytokine receptor expression.
* influences early development and later refinement in adult tissues.
* is accompanied by heightened expression of reaper and head involution defective
  - activated by certain cell proteins and genes, some of which have been identified
  - actually very important in the development and everyday function of an organism
* is also an important mechanism for eliminating cancerous cells
  - crucial to keep the balance between cell production and cell death in an organism
* is also important as a means of dealing with threats to an organism
  - to embryologic development
* is also the mechanism by which many cancer drugs ultimately kill cancer cells
  - mode in which chemo-therapeutic agents and hormones induce tumor cell death
  - an active process and involves the induction of several molecules and pathways
* is an essential part of growth, development and adaptation in multicellular organisms
  - process in the development and homeostasis of all metazoans
* is an important mode of cell death at the end of the natural life span of a cell
  - process in plants and animals that leads to S-phase
  - associated with numerous disease states
  - basically cellular suicide
  - common to all retinal degenerative diseases
  - crucial in development and throughout life
  - delayed in cord blood neutrophils
* is distinguishable by highly characteristic morphological changes
  - from necrosis on the basis of several criteria
* is essential for normal development and remodeling
  - tissue development
  - tissue development and remodeling, immune defense, and aging
  - to control cell numbers in the immune system
  - executed by a recently discovered family of cysteine proteases named caspases
  - implemented by caspases, a family of cysteine proteases
  - important for the normal development and maintenance of multicellular organisms
  - increased in diabetic rat retinas
* is induced by caspase-family cell death proteases
  - various triggers
  - even a extremely low levels of radiation
  - necessary in normal growth, but it's also necessary in fighting off attacks
  - often contemporary with cell division in a healthy embryo
  - one of the body's ways of maintaining a balance between cell growth and cell death
  - perhaps the most widely researched topic in medical biology today
* is programmed cell death that removes damaged cells
  - individual cell death
  - regulable and is of fundamental importance to tissue development and homeostasis
* is regulated by a balance of proapoptotic and antiapoptotic mediators
  - cytochrome c and a downstream protease in all mechanisms known to date
  - signaled by UV photoproducts in actively transcribed genes
  - small and inconspicuous
* is the body's way of replacing old, worn-out, potentially damaged cells
  - function that enables the embryos fingers to separate
  - immune system's way of eliminating unneeded cells
  - magic bullet that is going to cure cancer
* is the normal end of a cell 's life
  - process by which the body disposes of genetically damaged or unwanted cells
  - process of regulated cell death and removal
  - programmed cell death of superfluous or potentially harmful cells in the body
  - terminal event in the natural history of cell differentiation
  - underlying mechanism for ovarian follicle atresia in mammals
  - tidy death
  - used for numerous processes throughout development
  - vital to life
* means cell death
* occurs in multiple cell types and can be triggered by multiple extracellular stimuli
  - neurodegenerative, metabolic, and toxic diseases of the nervous system
* opens urodeal membrane, cavitates coprodeum, and removes chick urogenital ducts.
* pathophysiologic process distinct from, and preceding, necrosis.
* physiologic form of cell death present in many disease conditions.
* plays an important role in experimantal rabies virus infection
* precedes necrosis in dystrophin deficient muscle
  - of dystrophin-deficient muscle
* procedes necrosis of fish cell line with infectious pancreatic necrosis virus infection.
* protective mechanism to remove excessive or genetically damaged cells.
* purges the body of pathogen-invaded cells, but also eliminates unwanted immune cells.
* purifies a tissue from cells that became useless or even harmful for the organism.
* reduces inflammation and slows the overproduction of skin cells that causes scaling.
* refers to programmed cell death.
* remains a central process in maintaining cellular homeostasis.
* removes chick embryo tail gut and remnant of the primitive streak
  - excess cells to help shape fingers and toes
* selective process for deletion of cells in various biological systems.
* takes place by the help of lysosomes.
* tightly regulated process.
* topic of considerable research interest.
* type of cell death which is genetically controlled.
+ Apoptosis, Controlling the cell cycle: Cell biology
  * This is important to the overall functioning of the organism. If, for example, the making of liver cells were to speed up and they never died, the liver would no longer function properly. The liver cells would eventually take over the organism's body. Apoptosis takes place by the help of lysosomes. Lysosomes rupture when the cell is old or damaged, this lets out digestive enzymes all over the cell and digests it, therefore killing the cell.