### activity | labor:

Predation
* Most predation affects mortality
  - survival
* Most predation causes disturbances
  - economic damage
  - determines nest success
  - drives evolution
  - harms prey
  - has negative effects
  - occurs at night so it is particularly important to provide protection at that time
* Most predation occurs on eggs and nestlings while in the nest
  - nesting females and hatchlings
  - soon after eggs are laid
* Some predation accounts for death
  - causes extinction
  - contributes to nest success
  - has important roles
  - increases survival
  - influences biology
  - involves destruction
  - leads to extinction
  - limits growth
  - prevents song thrushes
  - reduces survival
* accounts for most of the nest mortality
  - only a small percentage of doves lost
  - variation
* appears to be the major cause of Sambar mortality.
* becomes more intense as population size increases.
* can affect life history.
* can be a strong agent of natural selection
  - by other fish or by some adult and larval forms of insects
  - either increase or decrease species diversity in a community
* can have far-reaching effects on biological communities
  - many possible effects on the interrelations of populations
  - result in the development of anti-predation strategies by prey populations
* causes damage
* causes enormous damage
* continues to be high until the turtles are big enough to avoid being swallowed.
* contributes to extinction.
* covers both carnivorous and herbivorous consumption.
* creates crises.
* dictates the flow of energythrough and ecosystem.
* enhances complexity in the evolution of electric fish signals.
* exerts a powerful influence on the life histories and population dynamics of prey.
* fact of life in the rainforest.
* has effects
  - less effect on large caribou herds that it has on small herds
* has significant effects
* includes consumption.
* increases pressure.
* influences organisms at two ecological levels
  - the fitness of both predators and prey
* is aggression
  - also important but less so than in the Pacific
  - among the most important biotic factors affecting benthic populations
* is an equal risk with one parent or two
  - important component of a turkey's life cycle
* is an interaction between organisms in which one organism captures biomass from another
  - in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism
  - another important factor structuring fish assemblages
  - higher in predator preferred habitat
* is important in biology because a
  - controlling overpopulation of the prey species
  - mainly by birds of prey such as owls and kites
* is one free-standing organism feeding on parts or all of a second organism
  - of the fundamental natural laws
  - only one of the reefs behavioral changes that occur at dusk
  - part of the cycle
* is probably no more significant for flying squirrels than it is for other tree squirrels
  - one of the most important causal factors driving many population cycles
  - the chief factor in the tropics
  - rare, but kittens are killed occasionally by coyotes, domestic dogs, hawks, and owls
  - represented by birds
  - severe during a trout's early life
* is the act of one organism catching and eating another
  - best documented cause of early mortality, particularly for mobile species
  - instinctive desire to chase and hunt prey
* is the main cause of nest failure
  - driver of fear in prey because it can lead to death
  - major cause of breeding failure at most sites in California
* is the most common cause of nest failure
  - reason for nest-site abandonment
  - name for one organism browsing to feed on another
  - primary direct cause of mortality for the cottontail
  - relationship between a predator and their prey
  - usualy nocturnal and in or near water
  - widespread and easy to observe
* key driving force in the evolution of camouflage.
* limits the growth of many moose populations in Alaska.
* major force of natural selection
  - problem in years where habitat and food supply are lacking for the predators
* mays have effects
  - little effects
* obviously affects the individ- ual organism that gets eaten.
* occurs when one organism captures or feeds on another organism
  - kills and eats the other organism
* often causes heavy nest losses.
* only takes place when the predator needs to eat.
* part of that natural balance.
* plays crucial roles
  - huge roles
  - key roles
  - major roles
  - minor roles
  - significant roles
* refers to the presence of predators while an animal is foraging.
* relationship that helps both parties.
* results in long periods of population near-stability
* seems to have little effect on squirrel populations.
* three-dimensional phenomenon.