### element | metal:

Potassium
* Activates certain enzymes.
* Most potassium conducts electricity.
* Most potassium helps calcium excretion
  - occurs in the Earth's crust as minerals, such as feldspars and clays
  - promotes healthy digestion
* Some potassium has effects
  - strong effects
* Some potassium helps blood pressure
  - high pressure
* Some potassium helps lower blood pressure
  - high blood pressure
  - reacts with bromine
* Taking docusate increases the amount of potassium excreted from the body in the stool.
* affects several major organs including the heart
  - the body's electrical system, which regulates the heart beat
* allows plants to complete a normal life cycle.
* also acts as a vasodilator, reducing blood pressure
  - aids the heart's functions
  - burns in air easily, to make the peroxide or the superoxide
* also helps in the digestion of food and in the proper function of the eyes
  - transmission of electrochemical impulses needed by the human nervous system
  - protect plants from drought and diseases
* also helps regulate blood pressure and allows the heart and kidneys to function properly
  - pressure, nerve impulses, and muscle contractions
* also helps to maintain a regular, normal heart rhythm
  - inhibits the release of a hormone called renin from the kidneys
  - is necessary for cellular enzymes to work properly
  - offers promise as a kidney-guarding mineral
* also plays an important part in the formation of sugars and starches
  - role in the functioning of our kidneys
* also promotes healthy digestion and strong bones
  - root development in the fall and early spring
  - regulates blood pressure and maintains proper water balance in cells
  - supports the normal functioning of the heart, muscles, kidneys and blood
* appears to be one of the ions responsible for the condition.
* balances the amount of sodium in cells.
* becomes more important once the forage has been established and harvested.
* behaves much like nitrogen, in that it dissolves quickly.
* body salt carefully controlled by the kidneys.
* burns with a lilac colored flame.
* can accumulate to higher levels before the problems develop
  - move into and out of cells
  - potentially help to prevent constipation
  - reduce high blood pressure
  - treat high blood pressure caused by high salt intake
* carries a tiny electric charge, serving as an electrolyte.
* causes calcium retention in healthy adults.
* channels Potassium channel openers new class of cardiovascular drug.
* combines with sodium.
* common element found in many materials, such as micas, clay, tephra, and evaporites
  - mineral associated with muscle cramping
* constituent of all plant and animal tissue and a vital component of fertile soil.
* contained in the oil is effective for maintaining our cardiovascular health.
* contributes to vigor and color, and seed formation.
* controls blood pressure
  - heart activity and maintains fluid balance
* critical component of all cells
  - regulator of apoptotic enzymes in vitro and in vivo
* encourages strong root growth, water uptake and triggers enzymes that fight disease.
* even helps prevent strokes that are unrelated to high blood pressure.
* exists in the body as a positively charged electrolyte.
* flows from the bloodstream into muscle cells
  - out until the cell is again negatively charged on the inside
* forms many important compounds.
* gives grass plants drought, disease and cold tolerance
  - soft soaps and sodium gives hard soaps
* going to Argon-goes back farthest in time.
* has a lower first-ionization energy than lithium
  - strong alkalizing effect and changes the pH of the urine
* has an important role in blood pressure treatment
  - metabolism
  - key functions for many body processes
  - major roles in cell metabolism and in nerve and muscle cell function
  - many functions in the body
  - no organic fraction and is immediately available to plants
  - qualities important for electrolyte balance
* health factor for animals and humans, as well as plants.
* heart-healthy mineral.
* helps against the effects of heat
  - balance fluids in cells, which, if low, can cause painful muscle cramps
* helps control fluid balance, an important factor in blood pressure regulation
  - fight off disease and encourage strong stem growth
  - keep the blood circulating
* helps lower blood pressure Potassium supplements have been found to lower blood pressure
  - high blood pressure by aiding the excretion of sodium
* helps maintain fluid regulation and normal pH. All three help normalize
  - the normal function of the heart and nervous system
  - plant grow strong root systems and promotes disease resistance
  - plants to fight off diseases
  - reduce calcium loss and lowers blood pressure
  - fluid retention
* helps regulate water balance, and blood pressure which are affected by stress
  - calm nerves and relax muscles
* helps the kidneys retain calcium, rather than sending it out into the urine
  - plant withstand stress, disease and insect damage
* helps to balance body fluids
  - reduce the amount of sodium in the body
  - stabilize blood pressure
  - turfgrasses survive stress
* hydrator and allows the skin to retain moisture.
* hydride presents a more serious fire hazard than sodium hydride.
* improves a plant s ability to cope with stress
  - fruit deep green color, firm flesh, shape, and overall yields
  - overall vigor of the plant
* improves the cell's intake of nutrients and expulsion of waste
  - quality of the leaf 's physical appearance and burning properties
* includes atoms.
* increases plant resistance to disease and high and low temperatures
  - the metabolism
* influences both skeletal and cardiac muscle activity.
* iodide can minimize the uptake of radioactive iodide
  - reduce potassium permanganate to potassium manganate
  - finds use in photography
* iodide is added to table salt to virtually eliminate the goiter
  - effective as a thyroid blocking agent
  - one of the most common iodides
  - prepared commercially from iodic acid and potassium bicarbonate
  - taken by mouth
* iodide is the ingredient that is routinely added to table salt to make it A iodized
  - same substance added to iodized salt
* iodide is used as a heat stabilizer and a catalyst in synthetic fiber manufacturing
  - reasonable, prudent and inexpensive supplement to evacuation and sheltering
  - salt, similar to table salt
* is absorbed through the intestines and is stored in the cells and kidney's.
* is abundant in fruit, vegetables, and milk products
  - most natural, unprocessed foods, particularly fresh fruits and vegies
  - almost always deficient in prefresh rations in order to avoid milk fever
* is also available in most commercial fertilizers
  - essential to mental function, brain power and nerve impulses
* is also important for thickening the stems
  - in maintaining the fluid balance in the body
  - important, but to a smaller extent than calcium
  - mobile in soils, depending on soil texture
* is also plentiful in dairy products
  - the gastrointestinal tract
  - present in apricots
* is an alkali metal
  - electrolyte and is affected greatly by the amount of sodium in the body
* is an electrolyte that helps muscles contract
  - keeps fluid balanced in and around cells
  - electrolyte, which mineral in the blood that can be measured by a blood test
* is an element in the Periodic table and is an alkali metal
  - that is frequently overlooked
  - enzyme activator and helps regulate stomates
  - essential constituent for plant growth and it is found in most soils
* is an essential dietary element that is present mostly in the muscles
  - mineral and electrolyte
  - element for all living organisms
  - important material
* is an essential mineral and primary electrolyte
  - that is involved in both electrical and cellular functions
  - vital in the transport of nutrients across the cell membrane
  - nutrient for plants and animals
  - extremely active metal that reacts violently with oxygen and water in air
* is an important element that is needed by all plants
  - mineral whose imbalance leads to cardiac arrest
  - plant nutrient for several reasons
* is another essential nutrient found in many natural and man-made food ingredients
  - important ingredient present in bananas
  - called a macro mineral, because the body needs large amounts for proper functioning
  - chemical elements
  - considered to be non-toxic
  - controlled very carefully by the kidneys
  - critical for plant growth from the establishment phase through complete coverage
  - critically important for normal heart and nervous system function
  - especially effective in diets that also include generous servings of dairy products
* is especially important for blood pressure
  - in turf during stressful cold weather in the winter months
* is essential for carbohydrate metabolism, protein synthesis and insulin secretion
  - cell division and strong stems
  - good nutrition and health
  - health muscle and nervous system functioning
  - life, but it contains a small fraction of a radioactive isotope
  - optimum metabolism of every cell in the body
* is essential for strong roots and increased nutrient uptake
* is essential to both plant and animal life
  - the smooth running of plant enzymes into the plant
  - fairly soluble and can be leached out of the effective root zone of bermudagrass
  - formed in supernovas by nucleosynthesis from lighter atoms
  - found in a wide range of foods
* is found in a wide variety of foods, but especially fruits and vegetables
  - bananas and potatoes
  - bananas, leafy green vegetables and citrus fruits
  - foods such as bananas, lima beans, poultry, avocados and dairy products
  - great amounts in bananas, bread, clams, potatoes, milk, and raisins
* is found in highest amounts in fresh, unprocessed food
  - concentrations in plant leaves, rather than seeds
  - many foods
  - meats, milk, fruits and vegetables
  - nature as ionic salts
  - seawater, but in relatively small amounts compared to sodium
* is found in the cat's blood and within all the cells of the body
  - sea, in rocks and in plants
  - whole grains, leafy green vegetables and fruits such as bananas and oranges
  - to be very mobile under leaching conditions
  - from sulfate of potash
  - good for the general health and vigor of the plant
  - important for disease resistance and winter hardiness
* is important for maintaining normal blood pressure
  - bodily functions
  - muscles and nerves to function properly
  - normal growth and for building muscle
  - proper heart function
* is important in a lot of reactions within the plant
  - all stages of plant growth
  - both protein and carbohydrate metabolism
* is important in the body's acid-base balance, nerve transmission, and muscle function
  - manufacturing of starches and sugars in the plant
  - to help regulate muscle activity
* is in almond, sesame, sunflower, mung and cow pea sprouts
  - high concentration inside the cell and low outside
* is involved in cell metabolism, protein synthesis, and water use
  - nerve function, muscle control and blood pressure
  - known to be essential for protein synthesis and enzyme activation
* is less damaging to soils and less mobile than sodium
  - dense than water, so it can float on water
* is lost by leaching
  - from the body in vomit, diarrhea and urine
  - in the urine when urine production becomes excessive
  - metallic elements
  - mined from a number of minerals
  - moderately mobile in the soil
  - more important for health than most medical people realize
  - muscle strength
  - necessary during all stages of growth
* is necessary for fluid balance in our body
  - many body functions
  - proper nerve conduction
  - the body's water balance and muscle irritability
  - well being
  - needed by the forage to protect itself from freezing injury during the winter
* is needed for healthy nerves and muscles
  - muscles to function properly
  - the healthy, steady functioning of the nervous system
  - vigorous growth
  - in fairly large quantities to regulate metabolic reactions within the plant
* is needed to build strong stalks, fight diseases, and translocate water within the plant
  - maintain good health
  - needs to be in balance with sodium at all times
  - non-existent or rare in processed foods
  - odorless, colorless, and, in the usual concentrations, tasteless
  - one of several naturally occurring elements in blood called electrolytes
* is one of the body's major ions
  - minerals important to decrease blood pressure
  - most abundant elements, and an essential component of food
* is one of the most important components that regulate blood pressure
  - elements in the body
  - reactive and electropositive of metals
  - substances the body needs for normal heart and muscle function
  - three primary nutrients, or macronutrients, required by plants
  - ordinarily in the form of potassium chloride or sulfate
* is particularly important in improving wear tolerance
  - to clover
  - plentiful in most foods
* is present in all fruits, vegetables, meat and fish
  - meats, fruits and vegetables such as oranges, bananas and avocados
  - primarily an intra cellular ion
  - probably most important for the cells which make up skeletal and cardiac muscle
  - purported to reduce fatigue and muscular weakness
  - relatively immobile in the soil
  - released into the blood from damaged muscle cells
* is required by aquarium plants for photosynthesis and the maintaining of cell pressure
  - plants to assist in the uptake of other nutrients
* is required for enzymatic reactions taking place within cells
  - the formation of red blood cells
  - in the accumulation and translocation of carbohydrates
  - to maintain sodium and fluid level in the body also known as an electrolyte
* is responsible for seed formation and germination in flowers, fruits, or vegetables
  - the function of cells
  - retained and the level increases during renal failure
  - sacrificed when grains are milled
  - secreted along the initial and cortical collecting tubule
  - sequestered inside the cell, while sodium is kept out
  - silvery-white, low melting, metal soft enough to be easily cut with a knife
  - stored in the muscles
  - supplied to plants by soil minerals, organic materials, and fertilizer
  - taken up by roots through diffusion
* is the chief electrolyte
  - eighth most abundant element in the Earth's crust
* is the key component of commonly-used potash fertilizer, and is abundant in animal waste
  - fertilizer element involved in internal water movement
* is the major electrolyte found inside all body cells, including muscle and nerve cells
  - inside of cells
  - intercellular cation and regulates intercellular osmolality
  - intracellular electrolyte
  - mineral in the body s cells, and it plays a crucial role in metabolism
* is the most abundant cellular cation
  - important nutrient for stand maintenance and yield retention
  - nutrient that makes grasses more winter hardy
  - primary electrolyte within body cells
  - second least dense metal after lithium
  - seventh most abundant element in the crust of the earth
* is the third major element and the last number on a fertilizer analysis
  - plant and crop nutrient after nitrogen and phosphorus
* is the third most abundant mineral in the body
  - in the human body
  - therefore the main positively charged ion present in the intracellular fluid
  - translocated from older to new leaves as required by the palm
* is used by plants for flower color and size
  - the plant in large quantities, and is second only to nitrogen
* is used in fertilizer
  - intracellular fluid transmission
  - to convert glucose into glycogen for storage and later release
  - usually available for plant use
  - very healthy and reduces some of the harmful effects of sodium
* is very important for resistance against powdery mildew and rust on roses
  - to chemical reactions inside cells
  - mobile and important to the growth of the plant
* is vital for plant growth
  - stem strength, root growth, and disease resistance
* is vital for the normal operation of the nervous system, muscles and kidney function
  - of the nervous system, muscles and the kidneys
  - production of energy
* is vital to body functions, including muscle contraction
  - water soluble, so leaches into water during cooking
* key plant element
  - player in helping plants to overcome moisture stress
  - synapse carrier
* leaves the body in urine, so more potassium is lost.
* looks after the control of water absorption by organs, bones and muscles.
* maintains the body's fluid balance a vital function
  - water balance in conjunction with sodium
* major mineral.
* makes the grass hardier and more tolerant of cold weather injury.
* metallic inert chemical.
* mineral and can be found in many foods.
* mineral found in certain fruits and vegetables
  - many foods, especially milk, fruits, and vegetables
  - salt substitutes, some fruits, vegetables, milk, chocolate and nuts
  - important for maintaining normal bodily functions
* mineral that has been linked to depression
  - helps with regulating heart and blood pressure regulating mechanisms
* mineral that is important to the normal functioning of cells in the body
  - normally removed by the kidneys and by dialysis
  - which appears in abundance in all living plant and animal cells
* mineral, like calcium.
* new addition to the list of substances for bone health.
* normal dietary constituent.
* nourishes the heart, kidneys, pancreas, muscles and the nerves.
* now flows out of the cell, with the result that the membrane potential is re-established.
* nutrient required by the bacteria to aid in digestion of the organic materials.
* nutrient that helps to lower blood pressure
  - is kept at a very strict threshold within the body
* occurs widely in many different minerals.
* permanganate in contact with glycerol and other organics can spontaneously ignite.
* plays a major role in plant hardiness and vigour
  - regulating blood pressure because it combats the effects of sodium
  - number of important roles in the human body also
  - role in preventing, and maybe lowering, high blood pressure in some people
* plays an important role in nerve function and cellular integrity
  - integral role in the human body in controlling the water balance of the body
* primary element in all cell fluid.
* promotes digestion.
  - rooting, enzyme activation and carbohydrate metabolism
  - solid, sweet carrots
  - strong vigorous roots and resistance to disease
  - the development of healthy roots and stems
* protects plants against stresses.
* reacts fastest, lithium slowest
  - in many chemical reactions similar to sodium and other alkali metals
  - violently with halogens and detonates in the presence of bromine
* reacts with chlorine
  - sulfur
* reduces the risks of heart strokes, and calls for a healthy heart regime.
* rushes into the neuron
  - out of the cell when they open, causing repolarization
* sensitizes the body to hormones, which tell the body what to do.
* soft gray metal.
* soft, silver-white metal
  - silvery-white metal, member of the alkali group of the periodic chart
* stays relatively close to the initial point of application.
* stops wilting, helps roots stay in one place and assists in transferring food.
* supports the electrical conductivity of brain and assists memory and learning.
* tends to leak from erythrocytes into the plasma of donated blood during storage
  - magnify the benefits of nitrogen and phosphorus
* trace mineral essential for growth and good health.
* vegetable alkali, and sodium mineral alkali.
* versatile nutrient in plants and is involved in many metabolic processes.
* very common element and is present in most natural substances.
* very important mineral to the human body
* widely used ionization suppressor in atomic absorption spectroscopy.
* works inside the cells to help reduce body wastes and increase energy
  - to maintain fluid balance in the body and nerve transmission
* works with sodium to bring nutrients to cells and pull out waste
  - help regulate fluid balance
  - maintain the body's water balance
  - regulate the body's water balance
+ Iodine, Properties, Chemical compounds: Halogens :: Chemical elements :: Nonmetals
  * Potassium iodide is one of the most common iodides. Iodides are normally colorless but turn yellow after being in air because the iodide is oxidized to iodine. Iodides react with acidified manganese dioxide or chlorine to make iodine. Iodine monochloride is a red or brown liquid. Iodine trichloride, as well as iodine trifluoride, are yellow solids. Iodates like potassium iodate are colorless solids similar to chlorates.
+ K–Ar dating: Archaeology :: Radiometric dating
  * Potassium is a common element found in many materials, such as micas, clay, tephra, and evaporites. Time since recrystallization is calculated by measuring the ratio of the amount of 40Ar accumulated to the amount of 40K remaining.
+ Potassium manganate, Preparation: Potassium compounds :: Manganese compounds :: Manganates
  * Sometimes oxygen or potassium nitrate is used as the oxidizing agent. This makes potassium manganate. Normally the potassium manganate is converted to potassium permanganate. Potassium permanganate is more common. Potassium iodide can reduce potassium permanganate to potassium manganate. It can also be made by reacting hot potassium permanganate with potassium hydroxide. This makes oxygen and potassium manganate.
+ Potassium, Properties, Chemical properties
  * Potassium reacts in many chemical reactions similar to sodium and other alkali metals. It tarnishes in air to produce a whitish oxidized layer on the surface. This is why it is stored in oil. It also reacts very fast with water, which is another reason for its storage in oil. The hydrogen produced during its reaction with water can burst into flames when a large amount of potassium is added to water. Potassium hydroxide is also produced.
  * It tarnishes in air to produce a whitish oxidized layer on the surface. This is why it is stored in oil. It also reacts very fast with water, which is another reason for its storage in oil. The hydrogen produced during its reaction with water can burst into flames when a large amount of potassium is added to water. Potassium hydroxide is also produced. Potassium also burns in air easily, to make the peroxide or the superoxide
  - Physical properties: Alkali metals :: Chemical elements
  * Potassium is a soft gray metal. It can be cut easily with a knife. It melts at a very low temperature. It is an alkali metal. It is the second lightest metal, after lithium