### animal | arthropod | insect:

Grasshopper
* All grasshoppers begin their lives as eggs.
* Many grasshoppers eat from several host plants in one day , while others stay on one host plant
  - have clear wings but some have yellow, red or blue wings
* Most grasshoppers adapt to conditions
  - dry conditions
  - environments
* Most grasshoppers are basically reddish brown or yellow with variously colored markings
  - green, brown, or olive-green
  - known as locusts
  - located in grass
  - plant feeders, attacking crops such as wheat, barley, corn, rye, and oats
  - primarily grass and foliage feeders
  - begin life
  - cause damage
  - chew leaves
* Most grasshoppers destroy corn
  - seedlings
* Most grasshoppers eat bushes
  - food
  - grain
  - small grain
  - vegetables
  - enter gardens
  - go to gardens
* Most grasshoppers has-part legs
  - stomachs
* Most grasshoppers have coloration
  - eardrums
  - faces
  - hind legs
  - incomplete metamorphosis
  - mortality
  - powerful legs
  - unique coloration
  - hide in bushes
* Most grasshoppers inhabit arid regions
  - invade gardens
* Most grasshoppers lay eggs in production areas outside of crops
  - their eggs in untilled soil
* Most grasshoppers live in fields
  - pasture
  - love heat
* Most grasshoppers make noise
  - sound
  - migrate to wood
  - never become locusts, though, and can even become fun and easy pet
* Most grasshoppers possess bodies
  - chromosomes
* Most grasshoppers prefer grass plants
  - herbs
  - produce sound
  - rely on symbiotic bacteria in their gut to digest plant matter
  - seek plants
  - sit in fields
  - spend the winter in the egg stage in the soil
  - stand on legs
  - threaten plants
  - thrive in heat
* Most grasshoppers use jaws
  - strong jaws
* Some Grasshoppers are adapted to specialized habitats
  - even make alarm calls when danger is near
  - grasshoppers become locusts
* Some grasshoppers chew crops
* Some grasshoppers destroy crops
  - develop into adults
* Some grasshoppers eat gardens
  - mice
  - get eat by rats
  - hatch in the fall and over winter as nymphs or adults
* Some grasshoppers have ears
  - enemies
  - flavour
  - holes
* Some grasshoppers have many enemies
  - natural enemies
  - organs
  - reproductive organs
  - stages
  - years
  - invade territory
* Some grasshoppers live for several years
* Some grasshoppers live in countries
  - schoolyards
  - migrate to crops
* Some grasshoppers occur in provinces
  - western provinces
  - possess enemies
* Some grasshoppers prefer food sources
  - reach adulthood
* Some grasshoppers return to food
  - nests
  - shed skin
  - sit on ragweeds
  - spit a brown bitter liquid as a defensive behavior in response to being handled
  - spread wings
  - survive winter
* Some grasshoppers undergo incomplete metamorphosis
  * prefer to eat grasses, leaves and cereal crops, but many grasshoppers are omnivorous. Many grasshoppers eat from several host plants in one day, while others stay on one host plant. One of the 8000 species of grasshopper eats only a single species of plant
* affect the available forage that ranching depends on.
* also attack wheat growing in field margins
  - can cause considerable damage
  - come equipped with five eyes
  - fall prey to a number of birds
* also feed on pods, but they bite completely though the pod and destroy the seed
  - bite completely through the pod and destroy the seed
  - bite completely through the pod and into the seed
* also have six legs, two pairs of wings, and two antennae
  - tympanal organs for sound reception
  - try to escape from their enemies hiding in the grass or among leaves
* are a diverse and very successful type of insect
  - group of insects
  - favoured food in late summer
* are a major problem for commercial gardens
  - in peaches
  - problem, especially near or at harvest
  - threat in drought-stressed crops in Alberta and western Saskatchewan
  - type of insect with long hind legs that can leap high into the air and fly
  - yearly problem in New Mexico
* are able to chew directly through the pod walls and damage seed directly
  - shed a hind-limb by autotomy
* are also present in several areas
  - reliant on the surroundings to change their colors
  - always a problem when alfalfa is sod-seeded into grass pastures
  - an important food for other animals
  - brownish-green with chewing mouthparts and jumping rear legs
  - chewing insects, so they have very large mandibles, or jaws
  - cocktails
  - devastating forage and tree crops
  - distinctive because of their large back legs
  - eaten by mice and other rodents, fox and coyotes and other small mammals
  - ecologically significant in the prairie
* are especially destructive, sometimes completely defoliating the plants
  - tasty treats for the birds
  - extremely fragile
* are found on all continents except Antarctica
  - every continent in the world except Antarctica
  - general feeders and can quickly strip garden plants of foliage when numerous
  - generally solitary except for mating behavior and move about independently
  - gruesome, and wasps are menacing
  - harmful because they eat farmers' crops
  - herbivore, that is they eat plants
  - important food for mice, songbirds, burrowing owls, ducks, and pheasants
* are insects that can hop, walk, and fly
  - which are closely related to locusts
  - integral to natural food chains
* are located in fields
  - mainly nocturnal, or active at night, and are plant-eating insects
* are major crop pests, particularly when they collect in swarms
  - they collect into swarms
  - mobile and often move between bands
  - most susceptible to insecticides when they are young, at the beginning of summer
  - much easier to control when they are nymphs
  - near sighted but can distinguish colors
  - occasional pests of ornamental landscapes
* are one example of pest insects that eat plants in agriculture
  - of the most important insect pests in Colorado
  - paurometabolous
  - pests to both rural and urban gardeners and farmers
  - physiologically similar to most other insects
  - powerful fliers with narrow wings and slender bodies
  - present in soybean and alfalfa field edges
  - primarily herbivores and feed on various plants
  - rather general feeders and can cause locally severe injury to ornamental plants
  - six inches long and can knock a man off a bicycle
  - sometimes a problem on amaryllis grown outdoors
  - susceptible to many insecticides
  - thought to live in the tropical wet forests
* are typically medium to large insects
  - present in field crops below economic thresholds
  - vegetarian insects, which can jump, walk and fly
  - vermins
  - very scarce in Europe as they love dry, warm countries
  - vulnerable to various predators during each stage of their life cycle
* begin egg laying one to three weeks after becoming adults
* breed and develop in dry, undisturbed sites such as pastures, empty lots and roadsides.
* can also be deep fried
  - be important herbivores
  - fly at speeds up to eight miles per hour
* can jump far
  - two feet high and four feet forward
  - lay eggs underwater
* cause billions of dollars in damage to food crops annually, worldwide
* change their form during their lifetime.
* continue to be a problem in hay fields across the state
  - pastures and peach orchards
  - cause damage to fields
  - damage row crops and alfalfa, particularly in southern Oklahoma
* continue to increase and are causing damage to crops
  - in number and are prevalent throughout the state
* deposit their eggs in soil in the fall and hatch in the spring.
* develop through five to six instars
  - stages progressively get larger in body and wing size
* eat a lot
  - mainly cereal crops, grasses, and leaves
* eat the flowers and foliage
  - grass and are in turn eaten by chickens, which are then eaten by people
  - grasses directly and are in turn eaten by spiders, fish and birds
  - prairie grasses
* emerge and can become a problem at varying times throughout the summer
  - from eggs and begin hopping through the grassy meadows
* fall randomly in between migratory and nonmigratory groups.
* favor certain vegetable plants such as lettuce, carrots and onions
  - feeding on certain vegetable plants as lettuce, carrots and onions
* feed from the outer edge of the leaf inward giving the leaf a tattered appearance
  - on the grass
* frequently succumb to disease organisms as well as a variety of predators.
* get air through breathing holes on their abdomens.
* hatch in dry climates and buffalo and cattle overgraze the grass.
* have Five Eyes.
* have a chewing-type mouthpart but have an incomplete life cycle
  - high reproductive capacity
  - three part body and a hard shell exoskeleton of chitin
  - and open circulatory system with only a dorsal blood vessel
  - back legs built for jumping
  - big back legs used for hopping from one piece of grass to the next
  - bumpy legs and stiff wings
  - chewing mouthparts and leave holes in leaves or consume the entire leaf
  - clear blood and a tube-like heart
* have ears on the first segment of the abdomen
  - their bellies
  - exoskeletons
  - legs that are elongated and muscular for jumping
  - light receptors in their eyes that trigger hormonal changes and growth
  - little green berets
  - mouthparts similar to a human's mouth to help chew plants
* have one generation per year in Canada
  - large compound eye on each side of their head
  - several ways of producing sound
  - short antennae in comparison to crickets
  - small holes on the sides of their bodies
  - strong jaws for grabbing and chomping food
* have two bulky eyes on top of the head
  - claws at the end of each leg
* hear through their knees.
* hemolymph in their circulatory system has chambers like the human heart.
* hop and fly.
* includes air sacs
  - brains
  - carapaces
  - cell membranes
  - cells
  - corpi
  - cytoplasm
  - flight feathers
  - heads
  - nuclei
  - plasma membranes
  - quill feathers
  - sections
  - shells
  - skulls
  - thoraxes
  - vacuoles
* ingest hair worms when they eat leaves where hair worm females have laid eggs
  - hairworms as they feed upon leaves where hairworm females have laid eggs
* is an insect
* jump by catapulting themselves into the air
  - or fly away, and then hide if they can
  - very well
* laugh and dance and play all summer, without producing anything.
* lay eggs in pods each fall
  - undisturbed areas, usually in late summer and early fall
* live in all parts of the world, except the North and South poles
  - grassy areas and in fields
* locate host plants by visual and olfactory means.
* make good food for some
  - music by stridulating or crepitating
* make up a large part of a young bluebird's diet
  - more than half of animal diet
* missing a common name are in blue.
* mostly eat grass, but crickets are partial to animal matter aswell.
* name used for number fo families of related insects.
* only have one body cavity, that being their mouth.
* produce a variety of sounds generated by complex movements of the hindlegs
  - sound by two mechanisms called stridulation and crepitation
* provide an important source of protein to people in many parts of the world.
* receive their water from the food they eat.
* reproduce sexually.
* seek out sunny sites and bask to keep an optimal temperature
* skip the larva stage.
* sometimes show up.
* take large trout late in the summer months.
* tend to be more of a problem during dry weather.
  - open, sunny environments, like prairies, pastures and fields
* transmit the viruses.
* typically become mature and very active in mid to late summer.
* undergo simple metamorphosis.
* use hind legs
  - their long antennae in order to make sense of their surroundings
* usually feed on plant material.
* visit fields.
+ Grasshopper, As food: Orthoptera
  * Grasshoppers make good food for some. They are high in protein, minerals and vitamins.
+ Insect, Insects and people:
  * Other pest insects do not directly hurt people. Termites and some beetles eat wood and sometimes eat buildings, such as houses. However, termites also help break down the trees and branches that fall on the forest floor. Grasshoppers are one example of pest insects that eat plants in agriculture.
+ Xerochrysum bracteatum, Ecology: Asteraceae
  * The brightly colored bracts act as petals to attract insects such as hoverflies, native bees and small beetles that pollinate the florets. Grasshoppers also visit the flower heads. The tiny fruits are dispersed by wind, and germinate and grow after fire or on disturbed ground.