### refractors:

Camera lense
* Most camera lenses are like a four by six picture frame
  - have an auxiliary infrared focusing mark
* are refractors.
* have coatings to reduce reflections.
* have the iris diaphragm built into the objective lens
  - vertical and horizontal angles of view in the same proportions

### refugees:

Asylum seeker
* Many asylum seekers pass from one European country to another before applying for asylum.
* Most asylum seekers come from war-torn countries or are victims of political or ethnic persecution.
* Some asylum seekers are refugees.

### regional anaesthesia:

Caudal anesthesia
* consists of one or more injections near the tailbone.
* is regional anaesthesia

Caudal block
* are popular in some urologic procedures as well as hernia repairs.
* is regional anaesthesia

### regional anaesthesia:

Epidural
* Causes longer labors with slower progress.
* affect people differently.
* also deprive women of a sense of mastery over labor.
* are also useful in managing the pain but the symptoms usually return
  - currently the most frequently administered form of pain relief
  - more complicated than intravenous medication
  - one of the most popular forms of pain relief
  - very safe when performed and managed properly
* can increase the length of labour, especially the pushing stage.
* have side effects that do cause problems for many moms and babys.
* increase the cesarean rate for poor progress even when doctors practice active managment.
* provide effective pain relief for labour with minimal effects on the fetus
  - pain relief from the belly down
* seem to prolong labor.

Pudendal block
* are one of the safest forms of pain medication
  - regional anesthesia
* numb the lower vagina and perineum.

Spinal
* differ from epidurals in that no catheter is used, so the medication can be given only once.
* is regional anaesthesia

### regional anaesthesia | spinal:

Spinal meninge
* Provide protection to the spinal cord.
* are tough tubes of tissue which protect the chord.

### regional government:

National government
* All national governments have sovereignty over their biological resources.
* are still the most powerful forces in the global trade
  - the most powerful political institutions
* decide on their own policies and positions.
* do have laws to protect endangered orangutans and conserve wildlife parks.
* is regional government.
* play a critical role in curing the crippling effect of organizational inertia.
* seek to regulate smut, levy taxes, proscribe content.
* takes active roles

### registered nurses:

Nurse midwife
* Many nurse midwives deliver in hospitals and practice along side an obstetrician.
* Most nurse midwifes treat pregnant women
  - work in centers
* Nurse midwives are RNs with advanced education in prenatal, labor and delivery, and postpartum care
  - believe that birth normal, physiologic event that affects the whole family
  - combine nursing with midwifery
  - do co-manage multiple gestation pregnancies
* Some nurse midwifes have extensive medical trains
* are registered nurses.
* provide care.

### regular glass, tempered:

Bulletproof glass
* Most bulletproof glass is regular glass, tempered.
* varies in thickness from three-quarters of an inch to three inches.
+ Bullet-proof glass: Glass :: Armour
  * It is usually made from two or more types of material, one hard and one soft. There must be a clear view through the glass. Bulletproof glass varies in thickness from three-quarters of an inch to three inches.

### regularity:

Evenness
* is regularity
* refers to the share of area among different classes in a reference unit.

Orderliness
* implies freedom from disorder or confusion.
* is regularity