### animal | vertebrate | mammal:

Wolf
* Most wolves achieve dominance.
* Most wolves are a part of a pack for a lifetime
  - gray
  - vegetarians now
* Most wolves attack large prey
  - bring food
  - compete for prey
  - consume prey
  - defend territory
  - die of human factors such as collisions with vehicles or are shot by hunters
* Most wolves eat animals
  - cattle
  - critters
  - deer
  - different animals
  - fruit vegetable meat
  - hares
  - many different animals
  - rabbits
  - sheep
  - small mammals
* Most wolves feed on elk
  - rodents
  - find food
* Most wolves follow caribou
  - get food
  - give birth to pups
* Most wolves has-part jaws
* Most wolves have coats
  - diets
  - foreheads
  - gray foreheads
  - heavy coats
  - large paws
  - legs
  - mates
  - offspring
  - strong jaws
  - teeth
  - toes
  - yellow eyes
* Most wolves kill animals
  - bison
  - coyotes
  - foxes
  - lambs
  - livestock
  - men
* Most wolves leave original packs
* Most wolves live in Europe, Asia and North America
  - climates
  - forests
  - habitats
  - packs, usually made up of fewer than eight individuals
  - temperature
  - the northern regions such as Alaska, Minnesota, Canada, China, and Russia
* Most wolves live on food
  - tundra
* Most wolves maintain diversity
  - genetic diversity
  - mate for life
  - never cause problems
  - pose threats
* Most wolves possess genotype
  - glands
  - instinct
  - sweat glands
  - prefer prey
* Most wolves prey on animals
  - members
  - moose
* Most wolves prey upon animals
* Most wolves produce fertile offspring
* Most wolves reach maturity
  - sexual maturity
  - social maturity
  - require food
  - reside in highlands
  - seek prey
* Most wolves seize animals
  - squirrels
  - show variation
  - sink teeth
  - stand in fields
* Most wolves survive in areas
  - different areas
* Most wolves survive in many areas
* Most wolves take down animals
  - threaten livestock
* Most wolves use different hunt techniques
* Some wolves adapt to food.
* Some wolves affect communities
  - plant communities
* Some wolves are hairy on the inside
  - pure white or jet black in color, gray wolves however, are the most common
  - snowy white, black or gray, or a mixture of fawn, cream, gray, white, and black
* Some wolves attack humans
  - huntsmen
* Some wolves avoid contact
  - can live up to ten years
  - conserve energy
  - destroy livestock
* Some wolves die before adulthood
  - reach adulthood
* Some wolves eat bones
  - dogs
  - domestic dogs
  - ducks
  - goats
  - melons
  - mice
  - pigs
  - ungulates
  - voles
  - woodchucks
* Some wolves emerge from forests
  - locations
  - feed on bugs
* Some wolves follow animals
* Some wolves have attachment
  - chests
  - degrees
  - food sources
  - hard time
  - high capacity
  - impact
  - narrow chests
  - senses
  - hear dogs
  - hide food
  - inhabit areas
* Some wolves kill calves
  - chickens
  - cougars
  - cows
  - mountain goats
  - turkeys
  - wisents
  - leave their packs to become lone wolves
* Some wolves live in parks
  - tree tundras in the north
* Some wolves live on deer
  - landscapes
  - look like foxes
  - mark territory
* Some wolves means animals
  - companion animals
  - move pups
  - perform activities
* Some wolves play roles
  - significant roles
  - vital roles
  - regurgitate food
  - rely on stamens
* Some wolves seek animals
  - show cavities
  - take down moose
  - thrive in valleys
  - use scent
  - watch dogs
* Wolves Discover the world of wolves by plane, on foot, and through time
  - Help build the largest human-edited directory on the web
  - add an important dimension and a critical diversity to wildlife populations everywhere
* Wolves also bark to warn other pack members of danger or to challenge an enemy
  - behave very differently from dogs
* Wolves also communicate by scent
  - the position of the tails, lips, nose and ears
* Wolves also eat beaver and snowshoe hare
  - livestock that belong to humans
  - smaller mammals, birds, fish, lizards, snakes, and fruit
  - emit a low, short bark to signal danger or to challenge a stranger
* Wolves also have a superior sensory mechanism
  - an excellent sense of smell
  - another layer of fur called guard hairs
  - relationships with other animals besides their prey
  - ruffs of long hair framing the sides of their faces like sideburns
  - help feed other animals
* Wolves also howl in long tones, while coyotes call out in yups and yaps
  - to warn other wolf packs that they have entered foreign territory
  - identify each other by their individual scents
  - pair in mating
  - possess excellent senses of sight and hearing
  - talk to each other
* Wolves also use ear postures for communicating amongst themselves
  - sign language
  - smell for marking out borderlines and paths in their territory
  - tail positions to communicate emotion
  - wrestle, rub cheeks and noses, nip, nuzzle, and lick each other
  - apparently use their acute hearing even when they are asleep
  - appear thinner in summer because their coat thins out
  - are Numerous
* Wolves are a class of the canine family, and they seem to do very well in the right environment
  - key component in all ecosystems in which they live
  - large, strong carnivorous predator
  - necessary part of many ecosystems
  - protected species in Missouri
  - top-line predator
  - valuable part to our ecological system
* Wolves are a very misunderstood animal
  - shy species, just like coyotes and fox they avoid contact with humans
  - social kind of animal
  - wide-ranging species and their social structure promotes widespread dispersal
* Wolves are able to successfully breed with both of their cousins, coyote and dog
  - survive anywhere there is adequate food and human tolerance
  - active and cunning carnivores, capable of surviving in nearly every climate known
  - affectionate animals regardless of their frightening razor sharp fangs
* Wolves are also a problem for domestic animals
  - inherently social beings , living in families called packs
  - much more seasonal than dogs - especially neutered dogs
* Wolves are also scavengers - eating winter killed prey in addition to hunting their food
  - and often eat animals that have died due to other causes
* Wolves are always hungery
  - on the prowl for smaller calves
  - amazing animals
* Wolves are among the most loyal of animals, having deep attachments to their companions
  - misunderstood of all animals
* Wolves are an example of predators that stalk their prey
  - exception among the animals
  - extremely social animal
  - animals that hunt for food
  - beautiful and elegant animals
  - beautiful, intelligent creatures and they belong in the wild
  - beneficial to the overall health of species in the wild, and have spiritual value
  - bloodthirsty killers who waste more than they can eat
  - built for stamina, possessing features tailored for long distance travel
* Wolves are by nature predators
  - wary of humans and put their trust in the pack
  - carnivores but they eat other foods too
* Wolves are carnivores, and in most of Mainland Alaska, moose and caribou are their primary food
  - domestic dogs are omnivores
  - or meat eaters
* Wolves are carnivores, which means they eat meat
  - eat only meat
  - carnivorous which means they primarily eat meat
* Wolves are common in Interior Alaska
  - coastal Labrador, especially when caribou herds are on the move
  - to all parts of the Northern Hemisphere
  - considered to be active predators
  - controversial because they are large predators
  - covered in a moderate length pelt across most of their body
  - creatures which humans can both relate to and yet fear
  - dangerous to humans
  - deadly killers
  - digitigrades, so when they walk only their toes touch the ground
  - distant relatives of dogs
  - distinguishable from coyotes due to their size
  - equally at home on prairies, in forestlands, and on all but the highest mountains
  - evil
* Wolves are extremely intellegent animals, with strong family ties and respect for family members
  - shy by nature and run from strangers
  - fiercely monogamous and highly exclusive
  - fiercly loyal to their mates and they choose their mates for life
  - found all over the world, and on almost every major continent of the earth
* Wolves are found in Europe, Asia and North America
  - North America, Europe, Asia and North Africa
  - generally more intelligent and more aware of their environment as compared to dogs
  - great hunters and prey on large animals such as deer and moose
  - greatly misunderstood by a society which has been misled by myths and superstition
  - hard to find in the wild because they are shy and elusive
* Wolves are highly intelligent and social animals that form extremely organized packs
  - travel large distances in the wild
* Wolves are highly social and mate for life
  - animals and usually live in packs
* Wolves are highly social animals that live in family units called packs
  - social, living in packs and hunting and raising young cooperatively
  - socialized creatures
* Wolves are important consumers in the ecosystem
  - in our culture, many people believe they symbolize the spirit of wilderness
* Wolves are in the dog family
  - same family as pet dogs
  - known for their keen sense of smell, excellent hearing, and binocular vision
* Wolves are known to attack and kill domestic animals as well as animals they find in the wild
  - kill large animals like wild horses
* Wolves are large canines that live in a pack with a strong and complex social structure
  - dog-like animals whose head and body length, combined, is about four feet
  - larger in the northwestern United States, Canada, and Alaska
* Wolves are larger than coyotes and carry their tail in a horizontal position while running
  - legendary because of their spine-tingling howl, which they use to communicate
  - legends, they're big and strong
  - light and quick enough to be able to run on top of layers of ice and snow
  - mainly nocturnal hunters
  - members of the carnivore family, known as canis lupus
  - money-making machines
* Wolves are more active at night, but can be seen during the day also
  - dangerous than dogs and hogs
  - scarce in some coastal areas for several reasons
  - naturally free and house cats are on a leash
  - no different then any other wild animal
  - nocturnal creatures and usually very wary of contact with humans
  - numerous in most areas of Alaska
  - on the federal and state endangered species list
* Wolves are one of the most beautiful creatures alive
  - misunderstood animals in the animal world
  - misunderstood animals in the forest
  - top predators of bison, as well as grizzly bears
  - only as trainable as they choose to be
  - opportunistic, and they feed on healthy animals including young ones when they can
* Wolves are pack animals but only the dominant, or alpha, male and female breed
  - animals, they have very strong instincts to cooperate with each other
  - hunters although they can and do hunt individually
  - part of the ecosystem , part of the biodiversity
* Wolves are predators and as such they fill an important echological niche
  - humans learn about from childhood
  - of deer
  - primarily nocturnal animals that avoid the heat of day
* Wolves are probably the most misunderstood of all wild animals
  - of the wild animals
  - prolific
  - ready to mate at about two years of age
  - reclusive by nature and avoid contact with humans
  - relational by nature, inquiring, possessed of great endurance and strength
  - shy animals that naturally prefer wild prey and stay away from human areas
* Wolves are shy, beautiful and very graceful animals
  - intelligent animals with complex social structures
  - submissive animals
  - smart animals and have good instincts
  - smart, adaptable predators with a remarkable social structure
* Wolves are social and live in packs
  - scent-oriented, too
* Wolves are social animals living in packs
  - of the first order
* Wolves are social animals that depend on each other for food and protection
  - hunt, travel, and live in packs
  - live in packs with highly organized, complex social systems
  - animals, living together in family groups called packs
  - beings that live in close-knit packs
  - by nature and demand a great amount of attention and interaction from their pack
  - social, too
  - strong and fast and good fighters
  - susceptible to diseases, predation, human persecution, starvation, and accidents
  - tenacious, adaptable
* Wolves are territorial and a pack can easily dispatch a dog that appears to be intruding
  - prolific breeders
* Wolves are the ancestors of all domestic dogs
  - epitome of the wild spirit
  - horses of trolls and witches
  - largest living wild canids
* Wolves are the largest members of the canid family
  - lions of the northern hemisphere
* Wolves are the most common predator at calving time
  - misunderstood of the wild animals
  - social among the North American members of the dog family
  - mysterious animals of the north
  - opportunistic hunters in that they grab every opportunity to kill their preys
  - superior of the dog family
  - untamed essence they still retain, but free in a pure form
  - their natural predators
  - timid around humans, though, avoiding camps and most portages
  - truly free spirits even though their packs are highly organized
  - unpredictable
* Wolves are usually mates for life
  - shy of strangers
  - versatile, and can adapt to hot or cold
* Wolves are very beautiful and caring animals that are much more like humans than people think
  - closely related to dogs, anatomically different in subtle shapes of their skulls
  - fast animals the can run forty miles without rest
  - healthy rugged animals
  - selfish when it comes to their territory
  - shy and easily disturbed by people
  - socail creatures, and very good parents
  - sociable and caring for other members of the pack
* Wolves are very social and have a very complex pack structure
  - animals and form strong bonds between other members of the pack
* Wolves are very territorial and the mark out their territories by chemical signals
  - voracious eaters
  - well-known for hunting large animals
* Wolves are wild animals and they have big teeth
  - animals, meant to live out their lives in freedom
  - wise, fearless and strong
* Wolves are wolves and people are people
  - when they live free
  - are, by nature, very shy creatures, avoiding all contact with humans if possible
* Wolves attack animals
  - domestic animals only when they run out of food in the wild
  - sheep and cattle sometimes but attack on the people is very, very rare
  - attain sexual maturity at about two years old
  - avoid healthy adult moose unless the animal is hopelessly bogged down in deep snow
  - band together in family groups to assure survival
  - becoming accustomed to humans appears a major factor in attacks in recent years
  - belong to the animal Kingdom
* Wolves bring food to each other
  - can also eat most anything the catch, from a moose to a mouse
* Wolves can be an important predator of adult caribou in the winter
  - as gentle as they are fierce, especially when there are pups around the den
  - found in many colors, it all depends on the environment they live in
  - grey, brown, black or even white
  - more sensitive to some medications, especially anesthesia
  - very different from each other
  - white, gray, black, brown, red, and yellow
* Wolves can breed only once a year, while domestic dogs can breed twice
  - prolifically, but normally only the alpha female and alpha male of a pack mate
  - change into different colors like black, brown, pure white and more
  - come in different colors
  - crush large bones in a few bites
  - die because when they hunt, they can get injured by the prey
  - dig with their paws
  - even have positive economic importance for communities close to wolf populations
  - find paths to their targets if attacking, even in craters
  - form social bonds when they first meet, even if they are members of the same sex
* Wolves can go at a steady trot for eight hours
  - for three to four days between meals
  - three weeks without feeding
* Wolves can hear as far as six miles away in the forest and ten miles in the open
  - much higher frequencies than humans
  - hunt bigger animals like moose because they hunt in packs
  - learn to live with humans on human terms
* Wolves can live almost anywhere
  - for two weeks without food
* Wolves can live in forests, grasslands, mountains, swamps, and in the tundra
  - many different habitats, ranging from arctic tundra to forest and prairie
  - make themselves vomit at the first sign of nausea or irritation
  - mate by the time they're two years of age
  - run very fast and far
  - show extreme tenderness toward one another
  - smell their prey up to a mile away
  - tell by scent whether female wolves are ready to mate
* Wolves can travel five miles in an hour
  - many miles a day in their pack territories
  - trip and hurt themselves
* Wolves catch animals
* Wolves chase caribou
* Wolves come in many colors ranging from white to black
  - different colors and sizes
  - shapes, many colors, many sizes
  - commonly prey on calves
* Wolves communicate and mark their territories by scent
  - in three ways
  - other things with their bodies, too
  - via many media
* Wolves communicate with each other in a great variety of ways
  - using the different pitches of their howl
  - continue to live together much as human families do
  - control prey populations by hunting the weak, old, and immature
* Wolves cooperate to hunt the moose
  - cover much of mountain Turkey, although are extremely secretive
* Wolves defend territory
  - their home range from intruders by scent-marking , body language and howling
  - define their territory by smell
* Wolves depend on each other for survival, taking advantage of cooperatively hunting
  - ground squirrels for their food
  - determine the direction a sound is coming from by turning their ears from side to side
* Wolves develop a strong bond to their owners, but require a lot of attention and exercise
  - an intense love for their human family
  - dig dens in the tundra or where ever they live
* Wolves disperse from packs for many reasons
  - their family pack before they turn three years old and some roam far away
* Wolves display a keen intelligence and an ability to learn through observation
  - coats of many colors
* Wolves do kill trespassing wolves in their territory
  - seem to be making inroads into the beaver population, however
  - utilize several vocalizations for the purpose of communication
  - well where prey, primarily deer and elk, are abundant
  - drive deer and elk herds in much the same way a cowboy moves stock to new pasture
* Wolves eat a variety of food items depending on what is available in the specific geographic area
  - almost all flesh,bones,and other animals
* Wolves eat many different animals
  - of the same small animals that coyotes do
  - things like deer, mice, grouse, and beaver
  - meat almost exclusively and feed on anything from mice to moose to musk oxen
  - mostly mammals such as moose, elk, deer, beaver and marmot
  - muskrats and deer
  - quite a lot of plant material
  - sheep - that's what they do
* Wolves eat small animals such as mice and squirrels and large animals such as deer and moose
  - very quickly, probly to keep it from getting stolen
  - enjoy heavy petting in public
* Wolves establish positions
  - territory, marry, and raise well their few healthy pups
  - even eat some insects, small mammals, nuts, and berries
  - evoke images of mystery and strength
  - excavate dens to give birth and raise a litter in
  - exhibit social, hierarchial, competitive, and territorial tendencies
  - fatten themselves and cause great devastation among the domestic livestock
  - feed mostly on large mammals such as deer and elk
  - flesh, bones and other animal matter from the carcass
  - large animals such as moose, deer, elk, caribou, bison, and musk oxen
* Wolves find food
  - their mates by leaving their original pack, and searching across the searching for one
* Wolves follow caribou migrations, feeding on sick and young animals
  - invisible scent trails laid down by zookeepers, to stimulate their sense of smell
* Wolves form close family bonds and often take their Mates for life
  - packs that consist of a dominant male and female pair and their offspring
* Wolves frequently howl more early morning and in the evening
  - use roads as travel routes
* Wolves generally have small territories in the forests of Minnesota or Ontario
  - hold their tail straight out from the body or down
  - kill the weak, the old, and the young
  - mate for life, but in the species that run in packs only the dominate pair mate
  - pair for life
* Wolves give birth every spring
  - grow a winter coat and molt in the spring
* Wolves have a complex communication system comprised of body language and vocalizations
  - form of communication
  - vocal communication system
  - complicated body language
  - dominance order that they follow
  - double layer of fur
* Wolves have a good memory and remember bad treatment from humans
  - great capacity for long journeys
  - high prey drive
* Wolves have a high reproductive potential
  - language, rules, rituals and rites of passage
  - linear rank order, or hierarchy, which helps keep peace within the pack
  - narrower chest than the dog
  - nine-week gestation period
  - strong social nature
* Wolves have a very good appetite
  - sense of smell, which they also use to communicate
  - social society, and they respect certain spaces are sacred
  - varied and complex communication system
  - wild nature
* Wolves have an affinity for the taste of elk, and fewer wolves meant more elk
  - elaborate pack structure, while bears are basically solitary
  - extreme sense of loyalty to their pack
* Wolves have an incredible sense of smell
  - strength and endurance
  - bigger brains than dogs, larger and sharper teeth, and are much stronger
  - but one mortal enemy - humans
  - chances
  - excellent peripheral vision and their eyes are optimized to detect motion
* Wolves have extremely good night vision, even when they are only three months old
  - keen senses
* Wolves have five to six pups in a litter
  - toes on each of their front feet and four toes on each of their back
  - fur made up of two layers
  - good hearing and a well developed sense of smell
  - great stamina and strength
  - grey coats
  - hair and dogs have hair
  - highly developed senses
  - keener senses, in general, than humans
  - litters according to their environment
* Wolves have long legs and they stand on their toes, adapted for speed and running
  - with large paws
  - legs, large feet, and narrow chests
  - long, slender legs and narrow chests
  - longer muzzles and legs, larger feet and a broader skull
  - lots of thick fur to survive harsh winters and all of the snow storms
  - marvelous stamina and endurance and can travel for hours without apparent fatigue
  - more color then any other animal
* Wolves have no natural enemies except man
  - predators except people
  - predators, except humans
* Wolves have no use for flowers, jewelry or cards
  - pride and vanity
  - only one breeding season in late winter
  - physically larger brains
  - several different methods of hunting, depending on the size of the prey
* Wolves have sharp eyesight
  - teeth, at the corner of their mouth
* Wolves have strong family ties, a complex social organization, and a cooperative nature
  - supernatural powers
* Wolves have the ability to see well in the dark
  - advantage on soft tundra and in some snow conditions
  - instinct to hunt but learn to hunt in groups
  - their own agenda - and are extremely intelligent
  - three eyelids
* Wolves have to hunt to survive
  - work very hard while hunting
* Wolves have two different types of fur
  - separate pelts, one made for winter and the other for summer
  - vary diets
* Wolves have very keen senses
  - help to keep prey populations healthy by hunting the weak, old, and sick animals
  - hold their tail straight out at back level
* Wolves hunt animals
  - arabian oryxes
  - herbivores
  - out the weak, the sick, the old, and the injured
* Wolves hunt the same way our people hunted
* Wolves includes brains
  - breasts
  - cell membranes
  - cells
  - chest cavities
  - corpi
  - cytoplasm
  - nuclei
  - pads
  - piluses
  - plasma membranes
  - rib cages
  - sections
  - sterna
  - vacuoles
  - inevitably prefer wild game to livestock
  - inhabit districts
  - keep deer herds healthy by culling sick and weak animals, the old and the young
* Wolves keep the game herds healthy by killing and eating the sick animals
  - population of old and sick animals in check
* Wolves kill a lot of coyotes, primarily loner adults but also incautious pack members
  - and eat other animals for food
  - because they have to eat meat
  - livestock and pets
  - moose throughout the year
  - more prey when reintroduced into an ecosystem after several generations of absence
  - mostly calf moose
  - only to eat - to survive
  - plant eaters like rabbits and eat their intestinal contents which contain carbohydrates
  - know more than people and are psychic
  - learn who humans are and how dangerous they are in very early age
  - learn, communicate, and amuse themselves in ways that mimic the tendencies of humans
  - lie Temperature beneath either doctor during an pupil
* Wolves like to go hunting and fishing
  - howl as a pack for several reasons
  - sing just like humans like to sing
  - travel in packs, and usually team up against other animals such as deer for prey
* Wolves live and hunt in packs of around six to ten animals
  - from the northern tundra down to the southern most tip of South America
  - in a communal structure like humans
* Wolves live in a family unit called a pack
  - specific area called a territory
  - all kinds of terrain, from desert to tundra
  - couples and the whole pack cooperates under a single leader in the hunt
  - dens with their babies after they are born
  - diverse and changing environments
  - families called packs and they mate for life
  - many diverse and changing environments
  - open country and in forests
* Wolves live in packs and ought really to be kept in packs in captivity
  - as a way of life
  - of up to forty-two, but can survive even as lone individuals
  - or families
  - packs, though males are sometimes solitary
  - remote forests
  - small groups that are called packs
  - the great woodlands of North America
  - throughout interior and northern Alaska
  - look like a German Shepherd, but they have short ears and a very powerful jaw
* Wolves lose some insulating fat and shed much of their fur in the summer, and weigh less then
  - their habitat because of cutting down trees, pollution, and garbage
* Wolves love games of chase where they race each other
  - puppies
  - to howl
  - their position through ritualized postures
* Wolves make considerable use of dens when raising their young
  - the dens by digging with their paws
  - their home in some of the world's most spectacular and unexplored habitat
* Wolves mark the borders of their territories with RLUs
  - outside border of their territories twice as much as inside the territory
  - their territories by urinating on rocks and trees
* Wolves mark their territory by leaving their scent on landmarks like logs and rocks
  - just like dogs
  - with scent
* Wolves mark their territory with urine and faeces
  - and scat
* Wolves mate for life and protect their mates even though the mates are as good as they are
  - are intensely loyal to their kind
  - life, and are gentle towards one another
* Wolves mate in the winter or early spring, and the pups are born approximately two months later
  - once a year, generally in early spring
* Wolves mostly eat deer or deer mice
  - hoofed animals like deer, moose, elk and caribou
  - never worry about germs
* Wolves normally are very shy animals
  - hunt for deer
  - prey mostly on the old, sick, or weakest animals which are the easiest to catch
  - stay away from man
  - occasionally eat garbage and livestock as well
* Wolves occur primarily in wilderness and remote areas
  - throughout the park and preserve, traveling in packs or family groups as they hunt
* Wolves often avoid humans, entirely
  - detect moose by scent
  - eat the sick, weak, diseased, injured, and the very young or old
  - enlarge existing coyote or fox dens
  - follow river beds, game trails, and old roads
* Wolves often go after sick, young, or old animals
  - miles to find food
  - hunt in gangs, and sometimes they kill just for fun
* Wolves only kill to eat
  - mate at certain times of the year, which vary between populations
  - pair up but run in packs
* Wolves play a key role in keeping ecosystems healthy
  - very valuable role in our ecology
  - an important role as predator in the ecosystems they inhabit
  - with each before mating so that they can get to know one another
* Wolves possess a keen sense of smell and acute hearing
  - an ability to cause emotions to come rolling out of many people
  - one of the strongest social structures second only to primates and humans
* Wolves prefer natural prey to livestock
  - their den sites to be located on elevated areas near water
  - to avoid humans, and so do the wolf-dogs
* Wolves prefer to feed on viscera and hind limbs, say biologists
  - upon large ungulates such as deer, elk, moose, and bison
  - moose and caribou across most of the boreal forest
  - ungulates - elk, deer, moose, bison and caribou
* Wolves prey primarily on large, hoofed mammals called ungulates
* Wolves primarily eat large mammals such as deer and elk
  - ungulates hoofed animals like deer, elk, and moose
  - hunt in packs for large prey such as moose, elk, bison, musk oxen, and reindeer
* Wolves primarily prey on deer, beaver and snowshoe hares
  - upon wild ungulates
  - promote wheelchair sports
  - protect themselves from the elements with their thick fur coats
  - raise litters of pups that become independent by the time the next year's litter arrives
* Wolves range from all shades of gray, tan and brown topure white or solid black
  - gray, tan, and brown to pure white or solid black
* Wolves range in color from grizzled gray or black to all-white
  - white to black but are most commonly gray with a black tipped tail
  - color, despite their common name, from almost white to black
* Wolves reach adult size and maturity when they are one year old
* Wolves reach sexual maturity at two years of age
  - readily travel down roads for hunting and dispersing, especially dirt and gravel roads
  - reports on denning behavior of pseudopregnant wolves as well as of ovariectomized wolves
  - represent a part of the American heritage lost to pavement and plazas
  - reproduce when the alpha male and female of a pack mate and bear offspring
* Wolves roam areas
* Wolves run in packs in order to survive
  - packs, and comumicate through their howls
  - with a bounding gait and their tail is held horizontally
  - search for food
  - seem to do very well when it comes to reproducing in captivity
  - serve to balance the environment and to cull out the sick and weak prey animals
  - share a crucial similarity to humans
  - shed both their under-fur and their guard hairs in the spring
* Wolves shed their coats just like other canines
  - fur once a year
* Wolves sometimes bark if their den is disturbed of if they are surprised
  - establish life-long mates
  - go several days without eating
  - kill a calf or sick animal
  - spark intense emotions
  - suffer from a variety of injuries and diseases
  - support a wide variety of other animals
  - surround a moose, keeping it from eating until it is too weak to fight well
  - sweat through their foot pads when they get hot
  - take advantage
  - on a lifelong mate, and like human families live together, and protect each other
* Wolves tend to be larger than other canines, although some dog breeds can exceed their size
  - loyal, respectful, and affectionate to their family members
  - concentrate on the neck, shoulders, and sides instead
  - consume meat from large species
  - fade in color throughout their lives
  - give long howls instead of the yapping calls that coyotes are known for
  - initiate play with other wolves by bowing
* Wolves tend to prey on the unfit, elderly, or young because they are easy targets
  - young, weak, or sick animals, which are easier to catch
  - track and mark everything in the wild by their scents
* Wolves travel in packs which can be as small as two wolves, or be as big as twenty wolves
  - long distances in the course of a day
  - on the wind-packed snow of northern lakes
  - single file beneath frozen stars
  - try to avoid people if they only can
* Wolves typically attack the hindquarters, flanks, shoulders, nose, and tail of their prey
  - hunt in packs, but hunt solitarily as well
  - live in areas where there is low human disturbance of the countryside
  - select the weakest and easiest prey
  - urinate to mark their territory
  - use a number of different howls
* Wolves use body language and facial expressions to communicate to each other
  - expressions to communicate with each other
  - vocalization to show other wolves how they feel about things
  - both chemical and vocal methods to mark territory and communicate
  - cattle as a tool to survive
  - many methods to define their territories
  - several types of vocalizations for different purposes
  - sight more than smell as their main sense
  - strength in numbers to chase down prey
  - teamwork to attack herds of caribou or musk ox for food
* Wolves use their bodies to communicate
  - faces and tails to indicate their emotion and status in the pack
  - teeth for grasping, owls their claws, and bullfrogs their tongues
  - teeth, feet, eyes, nose, and ears to hunt
* Wolves usually appear bigger than they really are because of their fur
  - attack the old, weak, and the diseased
* Wolves usually bite the shoulders and flanks of the prey
  - chase coyotes away from areas they both use
* Wolves usually eat almost the entire carcass, including some hair and bones
  - as much as they can
  - feed on elk, deer, and moose
  - have a regular pattern of visiting and marking their territories every few weeks
* Wolves usually hunt in packs for deer, moose, and beaver
  - large mammals like moose and deer and key in on old, weak, or injured animals
* Wolves usually live in groups called packs
  - packs of two to twelve
  - rear their pups in dens for the first six weeks
  - rest during the day and hunt in the early morning or in the evening
  - utilize the entire carcass, including some hair and bones
  - vary greatly in colour
* Wolves vary in color from almost pure black to nearly white with every shade of gray between
  - size, depending on which part of the world they come from
  - physically from one another
  - vastly in their appearance
  - walk softly to escape detection
  - walk, trot, lope, or gallop
  - wander stealthily through the tundra or in the mountains below the tree line
  - want prey
  - work together very closely in hunting and in raising their young
* are animals
* are located in forests
  - zoos
  - rivers
* have teeth.
+ Grey wolf, Appearance: Wolves :: Mammals of North America
  * Wolves have fur made up of two layers. The top layer is resistant to dirt, and the underlayer is water resistant. The color of their fur can be any combination of grey, white, red, brown, and black. Studies have shown that in 2007 they have found 23 red gray wolfs
  * Wolves are found in Europe, Asia and North America. They can live in forests, deserts, mountains, tundra, grasslands and, sometimes, around towns and cities
  * Wolves make a noise called a howl. They howl to communicate with each other from long distances and to mark the edges of their territory. Wolves have a complicated body language.
  * Wolves can run very fast and far. A wolf can run 20-30 miles in 1 day