### animal | vertebrate | bird:

Seabird
* Many seabirds also prefer to use the coasts as guidelines during migration.
* Many seabirds are monogamous and raise offspring together and the sexes are indistinguishable
  - strictly coastal, like gulls and a lot of tern species
  - breed along the cliff edges
* Many seabirds live 'at sea', that is, far away from land
  - on New Zealand's shores including albatrosses, shearwaters, petrels and penguins
  - make a living by feeding on cephalopods
  - mate for life, and both males and females incubate, brood, and feed their young
  - remain at sea for several consecutive years at a time, without ever seeing land
  - return to the exact spot that it nested on last year
  - seek the upper air of comparative quietness during tropical hurricanes
* Most seabirds are specialists that feed on particular types of fish and other prey
  - drink saltwaters
  - feed on fish
  - has-part wings
* Most seabirds have eyes
  - feet
  - glands
  - lifespans
  - plumages
  - salt glands
  - nest in large colonies in cliffs or other isolated places
* Most seabirds seize fish
  - food
* Some seabirds die from exhaustion
  - dig a dirt burrow into the soft soil at a cliff edge
* Some seabirds eat salmon
  - young salmon
  - live in regions
  - provide food
  - rely on tuna and dolphins to nudge shoaling fish up to the surface
  - shake wings
  - threaten turtles
* Some seabirds use techniques
  - wind.
  * ' are birds that have adapted so they are better able to live at sea or near it. Many seabirds live 'at sea', that is, far away from land. They may only come on land to breed. Other seabirds live in colonies on islands. Very often, seabirds use the sea to for food, most often fish or shellfish
* abound off-shore
  - on the offshore islands
* also are of recreational value.
* are animals.
* are birds that have adapted to live in or near a saltwater environment
  - nest on land but feed entirely or partially at sea
  - spend a significant part of their lives at sea and feed on marine organisms
  - gulls, scoters, etc
  - indicators of marine habitats and food web types
  - omnivores
  - one of the only avian families that include ritualized dances in their courtship
* are particularly vulnerable to cats because they nest on the ground
* attempt to steal the bait and often get hooked.
* can also swallow the oil, which inflames the digestive track
  - provide a clue as to where the plankton, fish and whales are to be found
* catch fish.
* consume large numbers of larval and juvenile herring.
  - seawater that has a salt content three times greater than the bird's body fluids
* drive plant species turnover on small Mediterranean islands at the expense of native taxa.
* face a multitude of threats, both on land and at sea
  - many threats and urgent action is needed to ensure the survival of some species
* fly away from shore before bad weather hits.
* have a nitrogen-rich diet consisting primarily of marine biota
  - amazing appetites
  - no problem drinking sea water
* includes air sacs
  - bird's feet
  - brains
  - breasts
  - cell membranes
  - cells
  - chest cavities
  - chests
  - corpi
  - cytoplasm
  - faces
  - flight feathers
  - heads
  - lips
  - mouths
  - nuclei
  - plasma membranes
  - quill feathers
  - rib cages
  - second joints
  - sections
  - skulls
  - sterna
  - talons
  - vacuoles
  - wishbones
* nest along coasts and on islands, where thick deposits of their droppings accumulate
  - in places
  - on cliffs
  - there in great numbers
* play a key role by transporting nutrients from the sea to the land.
* regularly move between sea and land.
* rest in calmed sea around the fronds.
* sweep in hundreds across herring-filled waters.
* take a variety of prey from the ocean, including krill, small fish, and squid.
* typically wait longer than other types of birds do to have offspring.
* use rocks to lay their eggs and raise their young.