### animal:

Calf
* All calves are born with horn nubs
  - eventually have to be vaccinated and weaned
* Calves accompany mothers
  - adopt their mother's status in hierarchy
  - also take longer to lose brain function after throat cutting
  - always swim with their mothers
* Calves are a lighter colour than the adults
  - ashen gray to brown with dense, short soft fur
  - at least a month old before they migrate north with their mothers
  - big and they eat a lot
  - born able to swim
* Calves are born after a gestation of nine months
  - long gestation period
  - eight and a half months after mating
  - fully formed and are able to swim alongside their mothers immediately
  - in covered and dry areas and remain concealed for two to three weeks
  - precocial , needing to be able to swim to the surface at the moment of their birth
  - the following year
* Calves are born throughout the year, with no statistical evidence for birth seasons
* Calves are born with shaggy, fawn-coloured fur
  - spots which are gone by the end of summer
  - brown and lack spots
  - clumsy at first with their trunk, but they learn to use it as they grow older
  - completely nutritionally dependent on their mothers to three months old
  - dependent upon their mothers tor extended periods
  - exported to the United States of America
  - generally able to join the herd within an hour or two after birth
* Calves are generally more sensitive to feed contamination than adult cattle
  - susceptible than cows
  - given the opportunity to suckle and also to drink water
  - gray in color and able to swim at birth
  - in danger from lions, hyenas, and crocodiles
  - kind of boring, and generally hairy
* Calves are likely more vulnerable than adults to such hunters
  - to be stunned electrically
* Calves are more susceptible to serious scours at birth than at any other time
  - the effects of aflatoxin than adult cattle
* Calves are most at risk during cold weather due to their small size
  - susceptible, but some older animals become carriers
  - much more susceptible than adult animals to the effects of aflatoxins
  - naturally active, playful creatures
  - often the most active animals in a school
  - older and heavier at weaning
  - on their feet within hours of birth
  - one of the toughest areas of the body to target when it comes to growing bigger muscles
  - precocial at birth, walking shortly after
  - preyed on by servals, wild cats, civets, jackals, baboons and ratels
  - red in color when born
  - reddish in color but darken to adult pelage by their first fall
  - reddish-tan at birth and change to brown or black at three months
  - said to bawl, cows moo and bulls bellow
  - somewhat darker at birth, but lighten gradually within the first month
  - spotted when born and develop their brown coats in six months
  - susceptible to numerous pathogens as well as opportunistic infections
* Calves are the most likely animals to be infected
  - offspring of two adult cows
  - totally dependent on their mother for the first three months
* Calves are typically darker than adults
  - one-third the size of their mothers
  - variable enough in the fall without having excessively long calving seasons
  - very hairy compared to adults
  - weak and have trouble maintaining body temperature
* Calves are weaned after about a year
  - anywhere from one to two years after birth
* Calves are weaned at eight months, following which time they join groups of calves of their own age
  - one year and become independent shortly thereafter
  - when they are about seven to eight months old
  - young cows or bulls
* Calves become parents
  - silver-grey, then darken to nearly black, retaining the ventral patches of white
  - veal
  - becomes independent at varying ages
* Calves begin nibbling on plants within a few weeks of birth
  - taking solid food a few days after birth
* Calves begin to take a few fish at about three to four months
  - in a few fish at three to four months
  - bleat when they are lost
* Calves born into a cold wet environment loaded with bacteria have a difficult time surviving
  - to heifers represent one third of all births on the average dairy
* Calves can browse and follow their mother at three weeks old and are weaned at five months
  - die in-utero, at birth, or in the days or weeks after birth
  - grow to their genetic potential regardless of the dam's milk production
  - handle stresses much easier if they are still with their mothers
  - lie down, stand up, groom themselves, and have social contact in a stall
  - move with the herd when they are about two days old
  - only eat so much
  - run with the herd a few hours after birth
* Calves can swim at birth
  - two days after they are born
  - vocalize within days of birth, but sound production is shaped with age
  - walk almost immediately after birth
* Calves consume amounts
  - depend on factors
* Calves develop bonds
  - jaws
  - strong bonds
  - die if the rains fail to come
  - display the same patterns but are lighter in colour
* Calves drink milk
  - rich milk
* Calves eat grass
  - hay
  - in order to gain the necessary nutritional components to live and thrive
  - solid food as early as two weeks old and are capable of swimming at three weeks old
  - enter the world tail first and the placenta easily dislodges and floats away
  - especially are vulnerable to disturbance on terrestrial haulouts
  - face into the strong tidal currents and swim, going nowhere but gaining strength
* Calves feed on mother's milk for a year before being weaned
  - with shorter or less concentration but more frequently
  - feeds from their mothers
  - first start to drink water with their trunks from about three months old
  - follow mothers
  - frequently are attacked by bobcats and bears
* Calves gain weight in spring and summer in inverse proportion to winter gain
  - generally prefer milk first, palatable creep feed second, and forage third
* Calves get attention
  - go through stages
* Calves graze on grass pasture
* Calves grow quickly and are weaned from their mothers in only three to four months
  - due to the high fat and protein levels in their milk
  - slowly and reach puberty at a later age than normal
  - very quickly and at six months are fairly independent of their mothers
* Calves have adult coloration
  - brown fur
  - characteristics
  - exposure
  - fathers
  - issues
  - many fringes along the edges of their tongue, believed to be an aid in nursing
  - predators
  - scent
  - shapes
  - short spikes, but as an animal gets older, antlers increase in size and complexity
  - virtually no energy stores, and can only meet their needs through food
  - hide from predators
* Calves includes brains
  - faces
* Calves learn necessary skills
  - survival skills
  - to make sounds from their mothers
  - which food to eat by sampling food types they see eaten by other members of the herd
  - learn, during the course of development, which calls to make and under what circumstances
  - leave their mothers when they reach maturity
  - live for years
  - lose their mothers and start bawling like babies
* Calves make a similar call of a higher pitch when in distress
  - manure
  - measure at birth
  - move freely by the end of their first day
  - nurse for months
* Calves obtain milk
  - the bacteria orally so practices promoting cleanliness are important
* Calves often have a bluish colour
  - play with other manatees
  - ride on their mothers' backs in the water
* Calves prefer milk first, highly palatable creep second, and forage third
  - to eat downwind
  - produce a lot of moisture so ventilation is needed in winter as well as in summer
* Calves reach adult size
  - full size
* Calves reach sexual maturity in two to three and half years
* Calves receive milk
  - plenty
  - rely on milk
* Calves remain dependent on their dams until weaned by nine months
  - mothers for up to two years
  - hidden for much of the time, and are weaned by three months of age
  - in cover for the first few weeks after birth
  - tethered overnight
  - under their mother's care for about a year
  - with mothers
* Calves remain with their mother for just over a year before venturing out on their own
  - until they are three years old
* Calves require a lot of care and nourishment from their mothers if they are to survive
  - milk from their mother because of the colostrum which their mother's milk contains
* Calves retain coloration
  - tan coloration
  - return to bermudagrass pasture and have continuous access to alfalfa following weaning
  - run nearly thirty miles per hour
  - seem to run in high low cycles
  - shake heads
  - shed and replace their natal coat when they are one or two months old
  - show severe depression, general weakness, arched backs, and inability to stand and nurse
  - spend much of their time playing with one another
  - stand and nurse soon after birth
* Calves stand on legs
  - wobbly legs
  - up within one hour, immediately attempting to suckle
* Calves start eating grass younger than one month old
  - meal at an earlier age, compared to pellets
* Calves start to sample their potential foods when they are one to two months old
  - use their trunks to pick things up from about one week old
* Calves stay close to their mothers for two years
  - mothers, suckling for a year or less and playing together
  - hidden for up to two months, and are weaned at eight months
* Calves stay with moms
  - their mothers for the first year of their lives
* Calves suckle as soon as they can stand and find the mammary glands
  - for two years then eat solid food
* Calves suffer lower mortality
* Calves survive first years
* Calves survive on food
  - their mother's fat-rich milk for six to eight months
* Calves swim and breathe minutes after birth
  - close to their mothers and are carried in the mother's slip stream
  - take care
* Calves tend to congregate under tree cover while the mature herd is out grazing
  - stick close to their mothers and are easily upset by intervention
  - wean easier due to the fact they are accustomed to people and dry feed
  - then molt annually
  - thrive on cow milk
  - undergo epizootic outbreaks of diarrhoea with high mortality
* Calves use milk
* Calves usually become independent within a single year
  - have veal-like meat
  - nurse about a month before turning to grazing
  - vocalize at or soon after birth
* Calves weigh about lbs
  - pounds
  - kgs
  - over lbs
  - will have growth
* Every calf born in captivity is important for perpetuating the species.
* Many calves fall victim to acidosis, bloating and other feed-related problems
  - perform well when fed all their milk at one feeding a day
* Most calves are born head first, front feet extended
  - in the summer, though some calving occurs throughout the year
  - fed hay and grain along with their milk
  - consume milk
  - continue to nurse for another year after beginning to eat solid food
* Most calves develop bonds
* Most calves drink milk
* Most calves eat grass
* Most calves graze on grass pasture
* Most calves have adult coloration
* Most calves learn skills
  - make manure
* Most calves reach adult size
  - remain with mothers
* Most calves retain coloration
* Most calves stand on legs
  - start milk
  - stay with mothers
* Most calves suffer lower mortality
* Most calves survive first years
* Most calves survive on food
* Most calves use milk
* Most calves weigh about lbs
* Some calves are easier to work with than others, and some break a lot easier than others
  - harder to throw than others, others kick and fight and are hard to tie
  - killed by tigers
* Some calves become milk
  - begin life
  - benefit from sunlight
* Some calves cause injuries
  - significant injuries
* Some calves die before maturity
* Some calves die during periods
  - study periods
* Some calves die of problems
  - respiratory problems
  - eat vegetation
  - emerge from water
  - exhibit sickness
  - explore habitats
  - face starvation
  - fail to thrive because road-induced stress inhibits their mother's milk production
  - grow in wombs
* Some calves have ability
  - colonization
  - diarrhea
  - distinguishable features
  - fibre
  - fish hooks
* Some calves have light brown coats
  - protection
  - reddish coats
  - thick coats
  - kick mothers
* Some calves live in marine parks
  - lose weight
  - make loud sound
  - move at nights
* Some calves pass through birth canals
  - possess immunity
  - reach adulthood
* Some calves receive diets
  - saliva
  - remain mothers
  - stay predators
  - suckle for months
  - weigh about kgs
* are animals
  - body parts
  - leathers
* are part of cattle
  - shanks
  - skeletal muscles
  - solid objects
* are young cows
  - mammals
* raises start from a standing, flat-footed position.
* roping horses are very expensive.
+ Minke whale, Description: Baleen whales
  * The gestation time for minke whales is 10 months. Calves measure  at birth. The newborns nurse for five to possibly 10 months. Breeding is mostly done during the summer months.
+ Nacozari de García, How the town earns money: Settlements in Mexico :: Sonora
  * Cattle raising is also important with 16,375 cattle counted in the 2000 census. Calves are exported to the United States of America.