Stroke
* Every stroke is different, and strokes can affect individuals in ways that are almost limitless.
* Most strokes also are atherosclerosis-related.
* Most strokes are due to blocked arteries, called infarcts or ischemic strokes
  - ischaemia an inadequate blood supply to part of the brain
* Most strokes are ischemic meaning they are caused by a lack of blood supply to part of the brain
  - strokes, in which an artery carrying blood to the brain is blocked
  - begin suddenly, develop rapidly, and cause brain damage within minutes
* Most strokes occur because an artery in the brain becomes temporarily or permanently blocked
  - from blockages in arteries
* Most strokes occur when a blood clot blocks an artery that carries oxygenated blood to the brain
  - clot blocks an artery to the brain
  - clot blocks an artery which is carrying blood to the brain
  - result from clots blocking blood vessels in the brain
* accounts for more than half the patients hospitalized for acute neurological diseases.
* affect different people in different ways
  - people of all ages
* affects all ages
  - different people differently - so that each survivor's recovery is also different
  - four out of five families and is the third leading cause of death
* affects more men than women, but more women die from it
  - than three quarters of a million people every year
  - mostly the elderly in our society, and enormously increases our health bill
  - people of all ages and from all walks of life
* also can cause depression, as survivors think they re now less than whole
  - happen when the carotid itself is completely blocked
  - cause brain injury, although the statistics are tracked separately
* also is responsible for more injuries from falls than any other medical condition
  - the most common cause of adult disability
* also occur as a complication of other diseases, for which patients are already hospitalized
  - in early childhood
* are a leading cause of death and disability in people over the age of forty
  - major contributor to memory loss in aging brains
  - reality faced by thousands of individuals and their families each year
  - abnormalities in the brain circulation
  - also the leading cause of serious, long-term disability
  - among the most preventable neurological disease
  - another major cause of dementia
  - attacks
  - bands
  - characterized by paralysis, usually down one side
  - maneuvers
  - marks
* are more common in men than in women
  - older people
  - motion
  - motions of the mouse that can be interpreted by a program as a command
  - often the result of long-term problems such as unchecked high blood pressure
  - scores
  - serious conditions requiring medical attention
  - similar to heart attacks, but they affect the brain instead of the heart
* are the leading cause of serious, long-term disability in the United States
  - long-term disability in women
  - main health risk one encounters with carotid artery blockage
  - major cause of aphasia in the older population
  - nation's leading cause of disability and the third leading cause of death
* are the second most common cause of brain failure
  - sudden loss of function of a particular portion of the brain
  - tangible interpersonal contacts that satisfy psychic needs
* are the third leading cause of death in the U.S. behind heart disease and cancer
  - death in the United States
  - killer in the U.S., after heart disease and cancer
  - touch
* blockage of blood flow to the brain caused by a clogged or ruptured blood vessel
  - or rupture of the blood vessels that supply the brain
* brain attack and can lead to paralysis, loss of speech, vision or sensation
* can affect a person's body, mind and emotion
  - anyone at any age
  - muscles used in talking, and speech can be slow or slurred
  - people of any age, from children to the elderly
* can affect the ability to speak, write, listen and read
  - think clearly
* can also cause a person to have dementia
  - depression, as survivors have difficulty coping with their disabilities
* can be a devastating illness for both patient and family
  - very isolating illness
* can cause death or permanent disability
  - loss of muscle control, numbness, unconsciousness, or death
  - monocular visual loss, homonymous hemianopia, or cortical blindness
* can cause paralysis, affect language and vision, and cause other problems
  - loss of motor function and cognitive problems
* can cause problems with speech, hearing, movement and learning
  - the cranial nerves which involve vision or gaze
  - severe disability or even death
  - speech problems, weakness in any part of the body, or difficulty swallowing
  - damage either the left or the right side of the brain
* can damage the brain in different ways
  - complex system if nerves and muscles which control swallowing
  - debilitate the people they affect, causing confusion, speech loss or paralysis
  - either be due to ischemic or hemorrhagic processes
  - happen if blood vessels to the brain become blocked
* can lead to a pseudobulbar affect, with episodes of excessive crying or laughing
  - impairment of functions such as speech, vision or movement, and coma or death
* can occur because of hemorrhage or a blockage of blood vessels in the brain
  - lack of blood flow and oxygen to brain tissue
  - if a vessel breaks open causing a brain hemorrhage
  - in young people and first-time users as well as chronic abusers
* can result from several different diseases
  - in a variety of perceptual impairments
  - rob people of the most basic methods of interacting with the world
* cardiovascular disease that affects the blood vessels supplying blood to the brain.
* cause too much glutamate to leak into the brain, thus killing brain cells.
* causes dementia by destroying critical brain areas.
* common disorder.
* commonly results in death or in enormous disability to victims
  - death, or alternatively in enormous disability
* deprives the brain of oxygen-carrying blood, causing brain cells to die.
* devastating physical, financial and emotional experience.
* disease that affects the arteries of the brain
  - vessels that supply blood to the brain
* disorder of the blood vessels in the brain, causing mild to severe damage
  - that affects only the elderly
* form of cardiovascular disease that affects the arteries leading to the brain
  - the arteries of the central nervous system
  - cerebrovascular disease that affects the arteries of the central nervous system
* frequent complication for children with sickle cell disease.
* happens to the heart
  - when a clot interrupts the blood supply to the brain
* has a disproportionate effect on women
  - high incidence and, in some areas, is the leading cause of death
  - many causes
* have several causes.
* interrupts blood flow to the brain, starving cells of oxygen and vital nutrients.
* is America's third leading killer and the primary cause of adult disability
  - Britain's third biggest killer and the largest single cause of severe disability
  - also a major cause of hospitalization and disability
* is also one of the leading causes of disability
  - most intractable medical problems
* is also the leading cause of adult disability
  - number one cause of serious, long-term disability
  - an equal threat to men and women
* is another important neurological cause of instability
  - overlooked disease in women, even among doctors
  - believed to be one of the leading causes of transfer of the elderly to long-term care
  - both a disease and a symptom, indicating an underlying problem in blood vessels
  - caused by arterial clots which block blood flow to the brain
* is caused by the interruption of blood flow to the brain or spinal cord
  - sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain
  - common in older individuals
  - considered one of the most costly medical conditions
* is one aspect of neurological dysfunctioning
  - of the conditions commonly treated by a neurologist
* is one of the leading causes of death and disability world wide
  - of morbidity and mortality in the world today
* is one of the most common and devastating side effects of cardiac surgery
  - causes of adult disability in the United States
  - causes of death in the United States
  - only one-third as common in our population as acute myocardial infarction
* is our nation's number three killer, and a leading cause of disability for older adults
  - third leading cause of death following heart disease and cancer
  - really two or more related diseases of different causes and pathologies
  - still the third-leading cause of death in the United States
* is the country s leading cause of adult disability
  - largest single cause of neurologic crippling in our nation
* is the leading cause of adult disability and communication impairment in adults
  - disability in Canada and the fourth-leading cause of death
* is the leading cause of disability among adults
  - among the elderly
  - and the third leading cause of death in the United States
  - in adults in the United States
  - hospital discharge to long-term nursing facilities
  - serious disability in the United States
  - severe long-term disability
  - magnitude of the oscillation
* is the major cause of adult brain dysfunction
  - disability in adults in the United States
* is the most common cause of brain damage in developed countries
  - frequent cause of epilepsy among seniors
  - important neurological disorder in Singapore
  - nation's leading cause of disability and third leading killer
* is the nation's number one cause of adult disability and the third leading cause of death
  - three killer and the leading cause of adult long-term disability
* is the nation's third leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult disability
* is the number one cause of adult disability in the United States
  - serious adult disability in the world
* is the number three cause of death in the United States
  - killer and the leading cause of disability
  - number-one cause of adult disability
  - number-three killer in the United States
  - only major illness for which Asian death rates are higher than for whites
  - result of a clot that cuts off blood to a certain part of the brain
  - second most common cause of death worldwide
  - single greatest cause of adult disability
* is the single leading cause of neurological impairment
* is the third biggest killer in the UK and is the main cause of severe disability
  - highest cause of death in adults
* is the third largest cause of death in America at present
  - killer and leading cause of serious disability
* is the third leading cause of death after coronary artery disease and cancer
  - death and disability in the United States
  - death and is the leading cause of long-term disability
  - death and the leading cause of disability among adults
  - death and the leading cause of disability in the United States
  - death for American women
  - death in America and a leading cause of disability
  - death in America today and leaves millions of adults disabled
  - death in England and Wales, after heart disease and cancer
  - death in North America
  - death in developed countries
  - death in the U.S. and major cause of disability
  - death in the U.S., and the top cause of permanent disabilities
  - death in the United States after heart disease and cancer
  - death in the United States and major cause of disability
  - death in the United States, behind heart diseases and cancer
  - death, second only to heart disease and cancer
  - female deaths in Pennsylvania
  - hospitalization in the United States
  - killer in the U.S. and the most common cause of adult-disability
  - most common cause of death in England and Wales after heart disease and cancer
  - third-leading cause of adult deaths in the United States
* is the third-leading cause of death and the leading cause of disability
  - world s number one cause of adult disability and the third leading cause of death
  - world's third leading cause of death after heart disease and cancer
* kills more than twice as many American women each year as breast cancer
  - American women every year as breast cancer
  - women than men
* kills twice as many American women annually as breast cancer
  - than breast cancer for instance
* lay term for heterogenous group of cerebrovascular disorders.
  - serious disability and death in women
* leading cause of serious, long-term adult disability
  - disability among women
* major cause of illness, death, and health expenditures
  - disabler of older men and women
  - health problem in the United States
  - problem in patients undergoing cardiac surgery
* medical emergency that requires immediate medical care, just like a heart attack
  - treatment
  - swift action at the first sign of an attack
* misunderstood, life-threatening medical condition.
* occur at all ages, in both sexes, in all races, and in all countries.
* occur because high doses of amphetamine raise blood pressure far above normal levels
  - of a problem with the blood circulation to the brain
  - even later in life
  - in men more than women, but women die more often as a result of stroke
  - more frequently in older people but can occur at all ages including children
* occur when a blood clot shuts off the brain's blood supply
  - clogged artery blocks blood flow to part of the brain
  - person is having trouble perspiring enough to keep the body cool
  - brain cells are deprived of blood
* occur when the brain's blood supply is interrupted by a clogged or a burst artery
  - flow of blood to the brain is disrupted
  - there blockage or rupture of a blood vessel to the brain
* occurs in all age groups even infants
  - groups, in both sexes, and in all races in every country
  - men more often than women
* occurs when a blood vessel to the brain bursts or is blocked by a clot
  - piece of clot breaks loose and is carried by the blood stream to the brain
  - blood clots inhibit blood flow to the brain
* occurs when blood flow to the brain is interrupted by a clogged or burst artery
  - brain is interrupted by either a blood clot or burst vessel
  - is prevented from reaching the brain
  - vessels bringing oxygen to the brain burst or become clogged
  - part of the brain's blood supply gets cut off
  - there is insufficient blood flow to the brain
* often blots out vision either in one eye or in one side of the entire visual field
* often causes people to lose feeling in an arm or leg or have diminished sight in one eye
  - in an arm or leg, or suffer diminished sight in one eye
  - results when blood clots form on the surface of the plaques in the arteries
* produce waves of brain cell destruction.
* ranks as the third leading killer in the United States, behind heart disease and cancer
  - is one of the most common causes of death and of adult disability
  - only behind heart disease and cancer as a cause of death
* ranks third as a cause of death for middle-aged and older women
  - in mortality, but is the leading cause of disability
* rare disorder in women of reproductive age.
* refers to the distance from the innermost track to the outer most track of a CD-ROM disk.
* remains a leading cause of serious disability and death in women.
* remains the third leading cause of death in the United States
  - top cause of long-term disability in adults
* seem toresult from other stroke mechanisms, such as clot formation in blood vessels.
* serious medical condition and one of the leading causes of death in the country.
* tend to occur in older people
  - run in families, and smokers are at additional risk as well
* tends to affect older people.
* type of brain injury caused by a sudden interruption of blood flow to the brain
  - that is frightening to both the patient and the family
* usually damage only one side of the brain so symptoms appear on only one side of the body.