### equipment | apparatus:

Nuclear reactor
* Every nuclear reactor produces enough plutonium to make a bomb, about every ten days.
* Many nuclear reactors use uranium as fuel to generate electricity.
* Most nuclear reactors are used to make electricity
  - burn uranium and produce plutonium as a radioactive waste byproduct
* Most nuclear reactors convert energy
  - nuclear energy
  - generate power
* Most nuclear reactors use enrich uranium
  - fission
  - nuclear fission
  * Most nuclear reactors are used to make electricity. In nuclear power plants heat from the reactor changes water into steam. The steam is then used to power electric turbines which make electricity. It is important to remember that the turbines do not change the temperature of the steam, or the amount of steam. Instead, the turbines take energy from the movement of the steam
* are apparatus
  - devices in which the energy of nuclear reactions is converted to electricity
* are expensive to build but relatively cheap to operate
  - good at making heat
  - likely to have accidents with severe consequences for humanity
  - mechanical devices
  - neither clean nor safe
  - nuclear materials
* can also run on Thorium fuel.
* change elements into other elements simply by adding neutrons to their nuclei.
* contain a radioactive form of the element uranium.
* cost a lot more to build and maintain than conventional power plants.
* do have deadly products that can contaminate areas they fall onto.
* fuelled with uranium automatically produce plutonium as a byproduct.
* have the potential to malfunction in a variety of ways.
* produce heat through the controlled chain reactions of nuclear fission
  - large quantities of fission products
  - plutonium where none existed before
  - plutonium, and plutonium is terrible because it can be used to make bombs
* provide the technology to build nuclear bombs.
* require backup power to cool their cores and fuel pools after they are shut down
  - power from the grid to pass coolant through the core
* run off huge bath beads
  - on cheap uranium but nobody knows what to do with the radioactive waste
  - fission, or the splitting of atoms, to produce energy
* use nuclear fission
  - reactions to make heat and electricity
* utilize the process of fission.
+ Ionizing radiation: Nuclear physics
  * Nuclear reactors are used to make electricity. They make a lot of radiation, but the reactors are built carefully to keep the radiation inside the reactor. But many people are afraid that if there were a problem with the reactor, radioactive material could escape into the environment, harming or killing many animals and people. Also, the parts of the reactor stay radioactive, and can kill people, for hundreds or thousands of years, so people are not sure where they can keep parts of old reactors safely away from people.
+ Nuclear reaction
  * Nuclear reactions occur in the sun, in nuclear reactors, in particle accelerators, and in outer space. Other than radioactive decay, very few nuclear reactions occur on earth except in these special places. Nuclear reactors use nuclear reactions to make heat and electricity. Accelerators sometimes cause nuclear reactions to make radioactive materials. Particles from outer space cause nuclear reactions in earth's atmosphere that make air slightly radioactive.

Optical bench
* device for measuring the optical performance of lenses.
* is apparatus

### equipment | apparatus | pendulum:

Metronome
* are a good way to practice playing in time
  - located in cabinets
* are located in music schools
  - stores
  - pianos
  - machines
  - pendulums
* are used for rhythms