### poison | toxin:

Venom
* Many venoms have multiple components or toxins that lead to a complicated clinical picture.
* Most venom affects animals
  - tissue
* Most venom causes acute pain
  - allergic reaction
  - cell damage
  - extensive tissue damage
  - extreme pain
  - intense pain
  - muscle damage
  - painful wounds
* Most venom causes severe pain
  - systemic reaction
  - skin damage
* Most venom contains chemicals
  - different chemicals
  - digestive enzymes
  - enters bloodstreams
* Most venom has cytotoxic effects
  - direct effects
  - dual functions
  - helps vipers
  - induces intoxications
  - irritates skin
  - is expelled from fangs
* Most venom is produced by glands
  - juvenile snakes
  - secreted by fangs
* Most venom kills animals
  - lizards
  - other animals
  - prey
  - small animals
* Most venom leads to death
  - paralyzes prey
* Most venoms contain both, with one predominating
  - neurotoxic substances
  - have many components, some of which are known to be toxic to man
* Some venom affects areas
  - humans
* Some venom causes blindness
  - immediate death
  - permanent blindness
  - temporary blindness
  - comes from jaws
  - consists of proteins
* Some venom enters blood streams
* Some venom helps bees
* Some venom induces pain
* Some venom is produced by male platypuses
  - rattlesnakes
* Some venom kills birds
  - calves
  - rabbits
  - leads to blindness
* Some venom paralyzes animals
  - predators
  - relates to cobras
  - releases neurotransmitters
  - venoms are more potent that others and human sensitivity varies greatly
* are complex mixtures of enzymes, toxins, and small molecular weight molecules
  - substances which the organism uses to harm other species
* attacks body tissue
* causes extensive damage
  - incredible pain
  - little damage
  - mild symptoms
* causes painful symptoms
  - problems
* contain many components that have been recognized.
* function primarily for prey capture.
  - severe reaction
  - liquids
  - vertebrates
* mixes with saliva.
* produces reaction.
* results in death.
* takes effects.
+ Poison: Health
  * In medicine and zoology, toxins and venoms are different from poisons. Toxins are the result of a biological process. Venoms are substances which the organism uses to harm other species. Certain organisms use venoms for hunting, or as a defense. If an organism is 'poisonous', such as many mushrooms, it is harmful to eat. If it is 'venomous', like snakes or honeybees, it has a harmful bite or sting. For some very deadly bites humans have developed effective antivenoms.

### poison | toxin | venom:

Bee venom
* has several protiens that have an effect on the body.
* is administered by holding honey bees against the skin at carefully chosen points
  - largely bradykinin
* rich source of enzymes, peptides and biogenic amines.
* water-clear liquid with a sharp, bitter taste and a distinct acid reaction.

Crotalidae venom
* causes platelet aggregation.
* has an acetylcholinesterase.
* inhibits platelet aggregation.

Cytotoxic venom
* Most cytotoxic venom causes pain
* attacks body tissue

Platypus venom
* clear, slightly sticky fluid.
* is reportedly strong enough to kill a dog and causes intense pain in humans.

Scorpion venom
* contains toxins.
* is among the most potent of animal venoms.
* leads to gastrointestinal ischemia in spite of increased oxygen delivery in pigs
* neurotoxin used to paralyze prey.
* potent stimulator of the autonomic nervous system.