### substance:

Liquid
* All liquids can evaporate but they do so at varying rates
  - display surface tension to some degree
* All liquids have a definite volume given a particular fixed temperature
  - vapor pressure
  - something called vapor pressure
  - move on their own and take the shape of what they are being poured into, unlike solids
  - tend to vaporize at atmospheric temperatures, but their rates of vaporization vary
* Any liquid has a thermal conductivity greater than the corresponding vapor.
* Every liquid has a little portion of water in it
  - specific boiling temperature
* Many liquids are lighter than water
  - toxic if inhaled directly, such as some cleaning substances
  - used as solvents , to dissolve other liquids or solids
  - contain solids
* Most liquids are less viscous at higher temperatures
  - more viscous at lower temperatures
* Most liquids are produced by seminal vesicles
  - attract ants
  - become gases
* Most liquids become more dense as they cool
  - while solidifying
  - water vapor
* Most liquids change into gas phases
  - shapes
* Most liquids consist of substances
* Most liquids contain chemicals
  - many more chemicals
  - nourishment
* Most liquids contract as they freeze
  - on freezing
  - dissolve other substances
  - expand only slightly when heated
  - flow through channels
  - freeze by crystallization , formation of crystalline solid from the uniform liquid
* Most liquids have conductivity
  - containers
  - flavor
  - high viscosity
  - low viscosity
  - mass
  - nutrients
  - properties
  - size
  - unpleasant smell
  - weight
  - look like blood
  - resist compression, although others can be compressed
  - used by humans are ither aqueous solutions or oil-based solutions
* Some liquids are also good conductors.
* Some liquids are caused by forces
  - intermolecular forces
  - easier to turn into glass than others, however
  - heavier than others
* Some liquids are produced by aphids
  - bees
  - glands
  - kidneys
  - livers
  - rather high boiling
  - very volatile and vaporize easily on contact with air
* Some liquids attract insect pollinators
  - become air
  - burn eyes
* Some liquids can also float on other liquids, forming layers
  - flow faster than others
  - solidify with a change in temperature, pressure or agitation
* Some liquids cause constipation
  - great pain
  - inflammation
  - irritation
  - minor irritation
  - change into gases
* Some liquids come out of anal glands
  - noses
* Some liquids conduct conductivity
  - electricity
* Some liquids consist of glucose
  - secretion
* Some liquids contain acid
  - caffeine
  - chemicals that are a serious toxic hazard
  - concentration
  - digestive juice
  - fructose
  - particles
  - proteins
  - salt
  - small particles
  - stomach acid
  - create life
  - decrease their viscosity with agitation
* Some liquids derive from mistletoe plants
  - dissolve substances
  - drive turbines
* Some liquids enter intestines
  - large intestines
  - evaporate more quickly than others
  - exist in equilibrium
  - find in plants
  - flow through tissue
* Some liquids gain energy
  - enough energy
* Some liquids have acidity
  - an index of refraction very close to that of glass
  - different levels
  - fishy odor
* Some liquids have high pressure
  - resistance
  - indefinite shapes
  - increase energy
  - irritate skin
* Some liquids kill bugs
  - kudzu bugs
  - lose heat
* Some liquids make gravy
  - up of proteins
  - protect fetuses
  - reduce milk production
  - release ammonia gas
  - require heat
  - retain temperature
* absorbs heat from skin as it changes into a gas.
* act as lubricant.
* add fluid to the colon and bulk to stools making bowel movements softer and easier to pass.
* adopt the shape of the recipients in which they are contained.
* also have a shorter shelf life than dry products
  - undergo adhesion
* always boil more readily at lower pressure.
* are a between phase of matter.
* are able to conduct electricity, and enhance by salt or sugar contents
  - diffuse and mix with other liquids, but it slower mixing than in gases
  - actually quite hard when one tries to change the shape at high speeds
  - almost incompressible
  - also fluids
  - as likely to come out the nose as make it to the stomach
* are best at room temperature or warm since cold drinks or foods tend to cause coughing
  - warm since cold drinks tend to cause coughing
  - between the two other states in terms of organization
  - beverages
  - by far the most common
* are capable of boils
  - clears
  - conducive to the formation of shock waves
  - consonants
  - corrosive and stain
  - dense, gases are light
  - easier to measure when they are cold
  - easy to mix and stay homogeneous
  - essential in preventing constipation and dehydration
  - excellent for use in many applications because they are relatively easy to measure
  - fluid, able to flow and take any shape
  - fluidy, can move around a little, and fill up containers
  - found between the solid and gas states
* are generally incompressible while gases are compressible
  - less dense than solids , but denser than gases
  - much more compressible than solids
  - hard to compress
* are important in winter camping
  - to decrease the risk of hypothermia
* are located in cans
  - cups
  - jars
  - materials that can flow, such as water, mercury, or maple sap
  - medicine
* are more difficult to swallow than solids
  - disordered than solids
* are more likely to accidentally enter the windpipe compared to pills or capsules
  - produce a fast reaction
  - ordered than gases, but less ordered than solids
* are much harder to compress than gases
  - natural stool softeners
* are nearly incompressible fluids
  - non-compressible and have constant volume but can change shape
* are one kind of fluid, gases are another
  - of the three chemical phase states that matter is found in
  - state of matter
  - poor conductors of heat
  - practically non-compressible because the molecules are already close together
  - prepared in a highly automated process in stainless steel vessels
  - present in the tanks as supernatant and interstitial liquid
  - primarily for clean coatings and removing one or two layers of paint
  - relatively incompressible , so the main action of a pump is to transport liquids
* are similar to both consonants and vowels in how they are made
  - solids in that the particles touch
  - tasted and gases are smelled
  - the state of matter that have definite volume, indefinite shape
  - therefore more disordered than solids
  - too dense, so molecules can get in the way
  - used for drinking
  - useful for feeding plants in containers and hanging baskets
  - usually the hardest to swallow safely as they slip down quickly
  - very compressible because there lot of empty space between particles
  - water-like matter, such as seawater and paint
* based fertilzers are available in a wide variety of different formulations.
  - solid by freezing
* boil at very, very low temperatures.
* burn at a slower rate than vapors because the exposed surface to the flame is smaller.
* can be rain water or snow melt that enter soil and carry contaminates from buried wastes
  - solutions of solute species dissolved in a solvent, such as sea water
  - burn if heated to temperatures at or above flash point
* can burn upon heating to temperatures at or above the flash point
  - at or above the flashpoint
  - carry sound
* can cause severe damage to skin and eyes
  - freeze burns similar to frostbite
  - skin irritation and dermatitis, including acne
  - display immiscibility
  - harm skin and also be absorbed through the skin
  - include milk, broth, fruit or vegetable juice or liquid supplements
  - leave the liver via the hepatic vein or via lymph ducts
  - move through pipes that are laid out horizontally
* can only exist as the 'filling' of a sandwich
  - for a limited temperature range
* can only fill the bottom of a container, while gases can fill it entirely
  - the container while gases fill it entirely
  - take the shape of their container
  - vary from broths, to water, to syrups
* causes severe damage to mucous membranes if swallowed.
  - shape according to the container, but have constant volumes
* combine with flour to form gluten.
* come out of nose.
* conduct heat by BOTH conduction and convection.
* conform to the shape of the container in which they are stored.
* consist of small particles that are close together with no regular arrangement
* consists of atoms or molecules that are connected by intermolecular bonds.
  - toxins
* containing such molecules sometimes behave strangely.
* contribute moistness to the texture and improve the mouthfeel of baked products.
* cooled engines have passages for the liquid, or coolant, through the cylinder block and head
  - heat sinks reduce volume over air-cooled parts
* defatting agent.
* degreases the skin.
* diffuse from solutions of higher concentration to solutions of lower concentration
  - much more slowly than gases
* dilute the digestive juices and thus interfere with their work.
* dissolve body oils on the skin.
* do conduct heat
  - take the form of their container and so does gas
* dripping from a branch infection can prevent turf growth beneath the dripping wound.
* emanate from putrefied bodies.
* exhibit a resistance to flow called viscosity.
* expand and contract too, but there lot less change in their volume compared to gases.
* expand and contract with temperature changes
  - on heating and contract on cooling
* expand when heated and they contract when cooled
* fall through the esophagus into the stomach by gravity.
* falls from a point of discharge to the level of flow in the underlying sewer.
* fight forest fires.
* fill the shape of any container they are in.
* flow and always take up the shape of the vessel into which they are poured
  - assume the shape of their container, occupying all available volume
  - because there are no strong forces holding their molecules together
* flows into molds that form ingots, or bars of metal.
* form suspensions.
* freeze when they change to the solid state.
* generally expand when heated, and contract when cooled
  - expands more for the same increase in temperature
  - take the shape of the container they are in
* great form of scent and the most cost effective form.
* has a definite volume but no definite shape
  - an almost-fixed volume , but no set shape
* have a defined volume and undefined shape.
* have a definite shape but they do have a definite volume
  - volume and shape, but solids only have a definite shape
* have a definite volume, but are able to change their shape by flowing
  - no definite shape - they take the shape of their container
* have a definite volume, but take the shape of the container which they occupy
  - different kind of molecular relationship
  - fixed volume at low pressure and like the solids they are usually hard to compress
* have a fixed volume but flow to assume the shape of their containers
  - no fixed shape
  - set volume, but change shape
  - specific size or volume , but no particular shape
  - variety of uses, as lubricants, solvents, and coolants
  - an inverse solubility with respect to temperature for gasses
  - atoms that are spread out a little more
  - characteristics that fall in between gases and solids
  - considerably higher viscosity's than gases
* have definite volume, but indefinite shape
  - while solids have both definite shape and definite volume
  - density too
* have different densities, too
  - little compressibility
  - molecules that are loosely bound together
  - quality
  - somewhat weaker interactions between the atoms or molecules
  - stronger internal cues to both place and manner
  - surface tension, which leads to wetting
  - weight and volume
* heated in a microwave are very hot, even if the container they are heated in is cool.
* help dilute solutions in the blood and help keep the respiratory tract from dehydration
  - thin mucous secretions
  - to soften the stool
* holds iron, manganese, copper and calcium in solution.
* infiltrates the grain boundaries of a dense preform.
* irritates skin and causes frostbite.
* is also cool
  - one of the four states of matter known as solids,liquids,gases,and plasma
  - any ingredient which contributes moisture to the dough
  - blue in color and dries almost clear with a slight blue tint
  - considered as real incompressible and flow is laminar
  - digested faster than semi-solid food, which is digested fasted than solid food
  - fed into the air stream either by siphon action or gravity
  - injected into the intestine, anus, bladder, or womb
* is one of the four primary states of matter , with the others being solid , gas and plasma
  - most important states of matter
  - three primary states of matter, with the others being solid and gas
  - that which takes the shape of any container
  - the most common form at room temperature
  - theoretically a form by itself
  - turned into an odorless gel upon contact
  - used as a completion and packer fluid to seal well casings and displace drilling mud
* lubricate eyes.
* make bowel movements soft and bulky, so they pass more easily.
* meet solids, interact ecstatically, and vow never to part again.
  - to fill the bottom of their container and gases occupy the entire container
* moving through a pipe or hose creates static electricity.
* occupy space.
* only give off vapour as they approach their boiling point.
* pass to the cecum as quickly as a few hours after ingestion.
* plays key roles in pharma industries.
* pool in the mouth while asleep.
* prevent dehydration and keep the body supplied with vital salts and minerals.
* provide an excellent medium for complex and subtle chemical reactions.
* readily miscible in water.
* replace body fluids lost through perspiration caused by fever.
* rise and fall in different areas of the tank.
* rooting hormone seems to be much more effective than powders.
* soothe a scratchy throat, and keep postnasal drainage from making a sore throat worse.
* starts to freeze where it meets air, such as at the top of a canteen or water bottle.
* substance that is neither a solid nor a gas.
* take on the shape of their container.
* take the shape of the container it is in
  - container, and keep their volume
* takes the shape of the container in which it is placed.
* tend to pool in the mouth during sleep.
* thermostable a -amylase.
* travel best in plastic containers.
* trigger reaction.
* usually descend in three to five seconds, and solids in eight to twenty seconds.
* wash the air and cleanse it of bacteria, microbes, and other unhealthful contaminants.
* work best on oily soils and for pretreating soils and stains.
+ Evaporation: Chemistry
  * Evaporation' is a type of phase change in which matter changes from a liquid to a gas. Some liquids evaporate more quickly than others.
+ Filter, In chemistry
  * The simplest filter is the kind called filter paper. Liquids can pass through the paper. Solid particles are stopped.
  * A 'liquid' is a form of matter. It is settled between solid and gas. Liquid has an almost-fixed volume, but no set shape.
+ Gas compressor: Engineering
  * As gases are compressible, the compressor also reduces the volume of a gas. Liquids are relatively incompressible, so the main action of a pump is to transport liquids.
+ International Space Station, Life in space: Space stations
  * Liquids ruin electric equipment, so astronauts have to be very careful in space. They drink by sucking water out of a bag, or from a tube stuck to the wall. They can not put their food on plates because it would just float right off, so they put it in pouches and eat from the pouches. The food is usually dried, because crumbs are very messy things that can ruin the equipment.
+ Matter, States of matter
+ Solid: States of matter
  * When a solid becomes a liquid, this is called melting. Liquids become solid by freezing. Some solids, like dry ice, can turn into gas without turning liquid first. This is called sublimation.
+ States of matter, Common States of Matter, Liquids
  * In a 'liquid', molecules are attracted to other molecules strong enough to keep molecules in contact, but not strong enough to fix a particular structure. The molecules can continually move with respect to each other. This means that liquids can flow smoothly, but not as smoothly as gases. Liquids will tend to take the shape of a container that they are in. Liquids are generally less dense than solids, but denser than gases.