### ancient disease:

Malaria
* Is also an issue that has been arising for the western lowland gorillas.
* affects hundreds of millions of people every year
  - many developing countries, especially Africa
* alone costs billions of dollars per year just in lost earnings and medical charges.
* already kills over one million people every year.
* also can cause stillbirths, low birth weight, and early infant death
  - has other negative human consequences
  - occurs in portions of Iran and the Middle East
  - poses a threat, as stagnant pools of water are ideal breeding grounds for mosquitoes
  - prevalent in certain parts of country at certain times of year
* attacks the red blood cells.
* big health problem in many tropical countries.
* blood disease caused by a bite from the insect mosquito
  - parasite carrier by mosquitos
* can add still other health risks to a pregnancy
  - also cause stillbirths and contributes to low birth weight and early infant death
  - always co-exist with other infections in an endemic area
* can be a serious disease if left untreated
  - serious and fatal decease without prompt treatment
* can cause or aggravate anemia
  - stillbirths, low birth weight and death in infants
  - have diarrhea as an early manifestation
* can kill and protection is required for many countries outside of Europe
  - within hours in the unprotected
  - sometimes cause death
* causes anemia through rupture of red blood cells during merozoite release
  - as many as half the deaths of African children under age of five
  - extreme poverty and it affects all people, regardless of their lifestyle
  - tremendous problems in penguins at many zoological parks and gardens
  - various renal disorders
* common and serious tropical disease.
* complex disease, which makes developing a vaccine difficult.
* condition that requires extreme diet care.
* constant danger in China.
* continues as a health risk in some parts of the country.
* continues to be a cause of high morbidity and mortality rates in both Brazil and Venezuela
  - source of concern even today
  - the leading cause of death among children
  - transmitted in all major cities in India, as well as all rural areas
* control Public health surveillance Reproductive health.
* curable disease for which a limited number of drugs are available.
* curable disease if promptly and adequately treated
  - diagnosed and adequately treated
  - treated immediately
* debilitates the active population resulting in low productivity and impaired growth.
* destroys blood and quickly can kill young babies
  - hemoglobin containing cells as it multiplies, producing the disease
* devastating disease.
* disease caused by a parasite that likes to set up housekeeping in the red cells
  - protozoan
  - single-celled parasite called Plasmodium
  - infection of the red cells by the malarial parasite
  - mosquito-borne parasites
  - parasites that are carried by mosquitoes
  - due to infection with the protozoan Plasmodium
  - commonly characterized by fever, chills, headache, and sweating
* disease of the agriculture revolution
  - poor
  - spread by the bite of an anopheles mosquito
* disease that afflicts the poor
  - is transmitted by parasites conveyed via mosquitoes
* disease that spreads rapidly and can be contracted by any one
  - rapidly, and can be contracted by anyone
* disrupts the immune system.
* does poorly in sickle cells.
* endangers the lives of millions worldwide, and the numbers are increasing.
* exists all year throughout the country
  - in Asia, Africa and Brazil
  - only in hill and forest areas
  - throughout the tropics, but the risk of acquiring it is greatest in Africa
* fatal disease if the treatment is neglected.
* febrile disease that causes anemia.
* global concern.
* good example, and malaria has evolved to survive inside mosquitoes.
* growing danger, with clouds of disease-carrying mosquitoes appearing in flooded areas
  - worry with clouds of disease-carrying mosquitoes appearing in flooded areas
* harmful disease that has great affect worldwide.
* has a dramatic impact on the wellbeing of Africa's people and on Africa's economic growth
  - higher world-wide sickness rate and death rate than any other human disease
  - major impact on social and economic development
  - an annual two million death toll of which half are children
  - mossy teeth, dandruff, and a fat butt
  - several serious complications
  - severe negative effects on maternal health and birth outcomes
* hazard particularly in the summer months.
* infects millions of people each year.
* is Ghana's number one health problem
  - already the world's most widespread mosquito-borne illness
* is also a common illness in Somalia
  - concern for travelers
  - human resources problem, and therefore a development problem
  - recurring problem, especially in and around Kisumu
  - serious risk for tourists in the tropics
  - on the rise here and in Southeast Asia and in Africa
  - particularly dangerous during pregnancy
  - prevalent in Southeast Asia, India, South and Central America
  - always a concern when traveling in jungle regions
  - an ancient disease
* is an illness caused by a parasite protist called Plasmodium vivax
  - infection of the red blood cells with the parasite Plasmodium
  - protozoa which are spread by the bite of an infected mosquito
* is an important cause of illness and death in many parts of the world, especially in Africa
  - disease worldwide and is one of the top infectious killers
  - infamous disease that is still very common in some parts of the world
  - infection that causes high fevers and shaking chills
  - intractable global health problem
  - old Canadian disease
* is another disease of poverty
  - leading cause of death in tropical countries
  - at epidemic levels
  - cause by sporozoans
* is caused by a blood parasite, Plasmodium falciparum
  - one-celled parasite called a Plasmodium
  - parasite carried by the mosquito
* is caused by a parasite that infects mosquitoes in the genus Anopheles
  - is transmitted by mosquitoes
  - lives in Anopheles mosquitoes
  - lives in mosquitoes
  - parasitic protozoa of the genus Plasmodium
  - protozoan parasite
  - protozoon
  - single-celled parasite that is spread to humans by mosquitoes
  - unicellular parasite of genus plasmodium
  - algae that live in protozoa
* is caused by an infection with protozoa of the genus Plasmodium
  - oranism that invades the red blood cells
* is caused by four protozoan parasite species in the genus Plasmodium
  - species of Plasmodium, a unicellular protozoan
  - infection with protozoal parasites called plasmodia
  - intraerythrocytic protozoan parasites belonging to Plasmodium spp
  - mosquito bites
  - protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium
  - the protozoan parasite Plasmodium
* is caused by unicellular parasites of the Plasmodium genus
  - protozoan parasites of the Plasmodium genus
* is characterized by a. b. c. d. severe chills, headache, fever, and fatigue
  - chills and fever, vomiting, and severe headaches
* is common in many parts of the world, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas
  - most tropical and sub-tropical countries
  - the developing world
  - tropical or subtropical areas of Asia, Africa, and Central and South America
  - common, as are other tropical diseases
  - communicable
  - contracted only by black people
* is curable if caught early
  - promptly diagnosed and adequately treated
  - curable, as long as the traveler seeks medical help when symptoms occur
* is diagnosed by identifying the parasites in the red blood cells under a microscope
  - looking for the parasites in a drop of blood
  - the clinical symptoms and microscopic examination of the blood
  - distinctly seasonal in the region
* is endemic and is resistant to many anti-malarial drugs
  - worsens during the rainy season
* is endemic in Namibia
  - Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and Vanuatu
  - many regions
  - some areas outside Georgetown
* is endemic in the Solomon Islands and affects the health of many employees
  - country and affects the health of many employees
* is endemic to Abidjan
  - certain parts of the country
* is endemic, and suppressants are recommended
  - notably in the coastal and Lake Victoria regions
  - especially dangerous to pregnant women and small children
* is found in Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu
  - at least part of every country south of the Sahara
  - many different parts of the world, but is mainly a prob-lem in tropical areas
  - rural areas of every country in the region, except Chile and Uruguay
  - full of iron from the red blood cells it feeds on
* is generally endemic in the tropics, with extensions into subtropic regions
  - with extensions into the subtropics
  - highly contagious
  - just one of the many insect-borne diseases for which there is no vaccination
* is less lethal than yellow fever, but it is at least as hard to eradicate
  - often fatal, but can cause extended periods of sickness
  - virulent than it once was
  - likely to re-emerge in Spain
* is more of a concern in remote, low-lying parts of the country
  - prevalent in the Amazon region
  - serious in pregnant women and can cause miscarriage
  - severe with higher parasitemia
  - neither a virus nor a bacterium, but a one-celled parasite
  - now on the increase throughout the tropics, especially on the Indian subcontinent
  - often the main cause of ill health and death in emergencies
  - on the rise in all regions
* is one of the biggest killers in Ethiopia
  - of children on the African continent
  - deadliest diseases caused by a parasite
* is one of the leading cause of death in young children and pregnant women in tropical areas
  - causes of illness and death in the world
  - health problems in Africa, South of the Sahara
  - more common diseases which can be contracted in many tropical countries
* is one of the most important causes of disease and death in the world
  - serious public health threats the world faces
  - successful diseases in killing humans
  - top leading priority diseases in the country
* is one of the world's deadliest infectious diseases
  - top killers
  - tropical disease with a worldwide impact
  - paradigm of an emergent disease
  - particularly dangerous for young children and pregnant women
  - persistent, sporadic cases of meningitis have been found and pneumonia is on the rise
  - present in parts of Africa, Central and South America, Asia and the Pacific
* is prevalent in Guinea
  - Rwanda and there are periodic outbreaks of meningitis
  - low-lying areas along the Red Sea and Arabian Gulf coasts
  - most parts of the country
  - much of Zimbabwe
* is prevalent in the tropical regions
  - whole country, also in urban areas
  - preventable and curable
  - preventable, treatable, and curable
  - primarily a problem in Southeast Asia and Africa
* is rampant in most
  - throughout Indonesia and especially in the outer islands
* is responsible for as many as half the deaths of African children under the age of five
  - the deaths of up to three million persons each year
  - said to be the most important parasitic disease that afflicts humans today
* is spread by female Anopheles mosquitoes
* is spread by the bite of Anopheles mosquitoes
  - the female anopheles mosquito
  - bites of certain kinds of infected female mosquitoes
  - from dusk to dawn, when the mosquitoes are active
  - only when people drink contaminated water
  - to humans through mosquito bites
* is still a common, and often fatal disease
  - major health challenge causing the death of several million people each year
  - serious impediment to development in the northern and western border areas
  - endemic in many African countries
  - important in the southeast Anatolia region of Turkey
  - present in parts of the U.S., but at very low levels
  - the world's most important disease
  - widespread in many part of India
  - such a candidate, as the mosquito brings the infection into the skin
* is the biggest cause of sickness and the second greatest cause of death in Vietnam today
  - greatest single cause of illness and death
* is the leading cause of death
  - killer of children in many African countries
  - killer, responsible for one in five child deaths
* is the most common cause of fever in a traveler returning from the tropics
  - protozoan disease
  - common, and therefore the most deadly of the mosquito-borne diseases
  - deadly of all tropical parasitic diseases
* is the most prevalent tropical disease in the world today
  - vector-borne disease in the world
* is the number one cause of mortality and morbidity in the area
  - mortality and morbidity in the region
  - insect-borne killer of humans
  - killer disease in the world
  - only serious health risk
* is the principal cause of childhood mortality in coastal Kenya, and a common cause of fever
  - death in Mali
  - third most common ailment affecting the health of travelers to the tropics
  - world's second biggest killer disease
  - therefore a problem for people living close to marshes
  - thought to be the most common insect borne disease in East Timor
* is transmitted by mosquito bites
* is transmitted by the bite of a male infected mosquito
  - an infective mosquito, which usually bites after dark
  - mosquito Anopheles
  - from person to person by a mosquito
* is transmitted through mosquito bites
  - the insect vector, the mosquito
* is transmitted to humans from the bite of the mosquito
  - people by mosquitos
  - via mosquito bites
* is treated with chloroquine, mefloquine, and primaquine
  - extract from the quinine tree
  - truly a disease of poverty
  - under control in Nepal
  - unheard of in Western Samoa
  - usually a preventable infection
* is very common
  - geographically specific
* is widespread in East Timor
  - Mali and chief cause of death among children
  - widespread, and prophylactics, such as chloroquine, paludrine, and fansidar, are used
  - worse, killing more than a million people a year
* is, for example, a threat in many areas.
* jwara, i.e. a fever.
* kills a million people a year.
* kills an estimated million children every year in Africa alone
  - two million people annually
  - millions of people each year and hundreds of millions more suffer chronic illness
* kills more people than any other communicable disease excePt for tuberculosis
  - communicable disease except tuberculosis
* kills more than one million people each year, mainly in sub-Saharan Africa
  - up to three million people a year - mostly children and pregnant women
* kills up to two million people a year, and more than two billion are thought to be at risk
* leading cause of death among African children under the age of five
  - in the countryside
* leads to anaemia, a maternal and infant mortality factor.
* major cause of death in many parts of the world
  - illness in many tropical and subtropical countries
  - determinant in countries where that disease is endemic
* major disease in Africa and a primary cause of poverty
  - the tropical world
  - of humans caused by protozoan parasites from the genus Plasmodium
* major health problem in parts of Asia, Latin America, the Middle East, and the Pacific
  - related to environmental conditions
  - killer of refugees in Africa
  - problem in areas of Asia, Africa, and Central and South America
  - public health concern
* medical emergency that requires urgent hospital treatment.
* notifiable disease.
* occurs in China, particularly in rural areas and in southern China
  - many locations of the tropical world and in some locations of the subtropics
  - throughout the year and in all parts of the country
* often occurs in specific local geographic areas
  - starts with fever
* parasite, an animal with complex tactics for evading the human immune system.
* parasitic disease that kills between one to two million people on the planet yearly
  - usually transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito
* parasitic infection transmitted by mosquitoes
  - through the bite of the Anopheles mosquito
* particularly important problem in the southeast Anatolia region of Turkey.
* persistent problem, although incidence has been reduced in recent years.
* potentially fatal blood disease transmitted by parasite-carrying mosquitoes.
* potentially fatal illness of tropical and subtropical regions
  - transmitted by the anopheles mosquito
  - serious parasitic disease that causes infection of the red blood cells
* preventable and usually curable parasitic disease.
* preventable infection that can be fatal if left untreated
  - create trouble if left untreated
* prevents adults from working and children from attending school.
* protozoan blood disease transmitted to man by mosquitoes.
* ranks among the foremost health issues facing tropical countries.
* rare but potentially serious complication of blood transfusion.
* rare, but potentially serious, complication of blood transfusion in the United States.
* remains a major health problem worldwide
  - an ever-present menace to human existence
  - as big a threat to human health, welfare and economic development as ever
* remains one of the biggest health problems in large parts of the world
  - most important causes of human mortality ref
* results in anemia, fatigue, malaise etc.
* risk in Chad
  - all areas but the highest risk is in the south and west
  - some parts of Argentina
* seems to become a problem only since the advent of agriculture.
* serious disease caused by a microscopic parasite that infects red blood cells
  - health concern for missionaries in Zambia
  - illness that starts with fever
  - problem in rural Haiti
* serious, but preventable disease, spread by the bite of an infected mosquito
  - sometimes fatal, disease caused by a parasite
* shaves off as much as one per cent of GDP growth in the hardest affected countries.
* still kills nearly two million people globally each year
  - remains a major health challenge in many parts of the world
  - represents an extremely important health issue on the continent
* terrible, wasting disease and requires complete rest.
* thrives in warm, humid climates, particularly where health care systems are weak.
* thus has social consequences and heavy burden on economic development.
* treatable disease when treated quickly and correctly.
* very serious disease.
* world-wide problem.