### cell | neuron:

Afferent neuron
* carry information from tissues and organs into the central nervous system.
* have one axon, whereas efferent neurons have one central and one peripheral axon.
+ Neuron, Types of neurons, By connection: Anatomy of the nervous system

Bipolar neuron
* are spindle-shaped, with one process at each end
  - the middle layer and the rods and cones are the outermost layer of the retina
* have one axon and one dendrite at opposite poles of a rounded body
  - dendritic tree at opposing ends of the cell body

### cell | neuron:

Brain cell
* More brain cells develop and survive, post-synaptic terminals enlarge, and synapses multiply.
* Most brain cells work just the way they are supposed to work.
* Some brain cells are part of brains
  - heads
  - become dormant due to a lack of oxygen, which can be caused by reduced blood flow
  - have a chemical nature that causes nicotine from blood to attach
* are electrical connections that tell the body what to do
  - in a constant dance of connectivity as impulses flow from cell to cell
  - nerve cells
  - sensitive to chemicals, substances in the blood and other brain fluids
  - the first casualties of the loathsome excesses
  - very vulnerable to the effects of alcohol
* begin to die after just a few minutes without blood or oxygen
  - as soon as the heart stops pumping oxygen
* can die from decreased blood flow and the resulting lack of oxygen
  - lack of bloodflow, and thus effects of stroke can be permanent
  - with prolonged stress
  - only survive for a few hours in a state of non-function
* combine memory and operational functions into one immense cooperative network.
* come and brain cells go but fat cells live forever
  - go, but fat cells live forever
* come, brain cells go.
* communicate by sending electrical signals in an orderly pattern.
* communicate with each other across small gaps called synapses
  - by electricity
  - using chemicals known as neurotransmitters
* continue to die, and physical and mental functions continue to decline.
* depend on methylation as surely as liver cells.
* die off, and as a result muscles no longer get the message to move.
* die very quickly without healthy, oxygenated blood
  - when deprived of the oxygen in blood
* die, and memory and other brain functions begin to wither
  - interrupting motor commands to muscles and causing limbs to spasm
* do continue to grow throughout our lives if they are appropriately nourished
  - indeed multiply
* have high levels of tyrosinase because there is high demand for dopamine, for example
  - receptors for estrogen, which factors in growth
* involved in thinking and memory communicate with one another in two fundamental ways.
* prefer glucose as a carbon source.
* produce electricity when they are active
  - very small amounts of choline, thereby necessitating dietary sources
* proliferate and lifelong neuronal pathways are created.
* release dopamine to send signals of pleasure or reward for a person's behavior.
* require a constant supply of oxygen to stay healthy and function properly.
* take flight.
* understand only the language of nerve impulse patterns.
* use dopamine by binding the chemical to specific openings on their surfaces.
* work together, communicating by means of electric signals.

Different neuron
* have different threshold
  - slightly different resting potentials
* require different neurotropins.
* respond differently to each neurotropin.
* use different types of chemicals.

Dopamine neuron
* make glutamatergic synapses in vitro.
* report an error in the temporal prediction of reward during learning.

Enteric neuron
* Most enteric neurons have no central connections at all, however.
* express steel factor-lacZ transgene in the murine gastrointestinal tract.
* secrete an intimidating array of neurotransmitters.