### fuel | coal:

Anthracite coal
* has more carbon
  - the highest carbon content and heating value
* is coal
* is mined and brewing major industry
  - as well as copper, lead, and zinc in smaller quantities
  - the hardest and has more carbon, which gives it a higher energy content

### fuel | coal:

Bituminous coal
* are characteristically more stable
  - denser and produce higher heating values suitable for industrial combustion
* contains even less moisture than the sub-bituminous type.
* has even more carbon and a correspondingly higher heating value.
* has more moisture
  - volatiles
* higher grade coal, containing no unconverted plant remains.
* is found in beds that underlie about one-quarter of the state
  - seams of varying thicknesses
* is the most abundant type of coal
  - common fuel used on American railroads
* is the most plentiful and important coal used by industry
  - type of coal in the United States

Brown coal
* compacted mass of plant remains.
* contains more moisture and less energy per kilogram than more mature coals.
* is burned in open fireplaces for heating and cooking
  - fired at most fossil power plants
  - mined only in Victoria where it is used predominantly for electricity generation
* second tier fuel that produces significant amounts of smoke.

Eastern coal
* has a slightly higher energy content than does western coal.
* is high in sulphur.
* produces a significant amount of heat but also generates excessive air pollution.

Steam coal
* Most steam coal is used in power generation.
* includes bituminous, sub- bituminous, lignite, and anthracite
  - subbituminous, lignite, and anthracite

Western coal
* is low-S, but also has a lower heat content.
* is mined in Montana and Wyoming
  - Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, North Dakota, Arizona, and New Mexico

Combustible material
* burn with complicated phenomena depending on various conditions of combustion.
* is fuel

### fuel:

Diesel fuel
* All diesel fuels contain small amounts of water.
* are almost always free of PAHs
  - also high in sulfur content
  - blends of middle distillates
  - charaterised by their cetane nember, cetane being an old name for hexadecane
* can be dangerous
  - cause fish kills, as can high levels of salt in freshwater environments
* contains almost twice as much sulfur as even today's gasoline
  - impurities that adversely affect engine performance
* find use in the fleet of trucks which transport the nations goods.
* has ether in it, which great solvent.
* is acutely toxic to plant life.
* is also of concern as it is commonly mixed into the herbicides
  - susceptible to low temperature gelling, which hinders engine start-up
  - cheaper, yet pollutes more by producing carcinogensa nd particulates
  - heavier and oilier
  - known as diesel
  - less refined than gas
* is much harder to ignite than gasoline
  - less combustible than other fuels
* is the kind of fuel used by diesel engines
  - most widely used of the special fuels
  - primary fuel for the oil fired
* is used for fuel in truck, bus, train, and ship engines
  - in millions of trucks that transport the majority of the nation's goods
  - widely available everywhere
* mixed with hazardous waste is managed as hazardous waste.
* operates trucks and tractors, ships and trains.
* trucking company's second biggest cost.

Different fuel
* contain different amounts of useful energy, and of course prices differ.
* have different burn rates and generate differing amounts of heat.

Ethanol fuel
* are clean-burning, providing reduced emissions from cars, trucks, and buses.
* is manufactured from corn and grain sorghum
  - produced by a fermentation and distillation process that converts sugars to alcohol

Firewood
* Most firewood comes from harvesting dead trees.
* Most firewoods produce heat
  - retain moisture
* are fuel
  - logs
* can have effects.