### physical process | biological process | bloom:

Algae bloom
* Are responsible for oxygen deprivation killing of marine life.
* are nitrogen sources from the water column faster than the algae
  - one of the most common problems encountered by lake and pond owners
  - the result of excessive nutrients from fertilizers
* can also cause insect problems
  - produce several types of shellfish toxins
  - be deadly to fish and plants
  - cause the suspended solids to increase quickly
  - occur when too much nitrogen and phosphorus enter a waterway
  - produce an unpleasant taste and odour in tap water
  - smother reefs and kill the coral
  - spread across hundreds or even thousands of miles
* contribute to beach closures in that blooms are a good place for bacteria to grow.
* deplete oxygen supplies and block sunlight needed by aquatic plants and animals
  - the oxygen in the water, killing fish and other organisms
  - waterways of oxygen and cause fish kills
* form a mat along the lake bottom, rise to the surface, die, settle and decompose.
* occur regularly in summer causing turbidity.
* part of the natural annual cycle of the oceans and coastal regions.
* vary seasonally and by region.

### physical process | biological process | bloom:

Algal bloom
* are a chronic problem for marine farming worldwide
  - classic symptom of cultural eutrophication
* are caused by a. high nutrient concentrations
  - when excessive amounts of nutrients enter slow-moving bodies of water
  - common to surface water supplies in warm weather climate states like Texas
  - frequently the result of nutrient pollution resulting from human activities
  - most common in late summer and early fall
  - natural phenomena, and an integral component of marine productivity
* are one common source of thick sea foams
  - of the more insidious consequences of eutrophication
* are the result of excess phytoplankton spawned by the nutrient loaded waters
  - uncontrolled growth of one or more species of algae
* can adversely affect water quality.
* can also cause other problems besides toxicity
  - toxicity, taste, and odor problems
  - turn the water green, reduce water transparency and create odour problems
  - be detrimental to fish and other aquatic organisms
  - block the sunlight and nutrients to submerged plants
  - contribute to turbidity
  - greatly reduce water clarity under certain conditions
  - kill fish, cause the water to be toxic, and make water taste bad
  - present problems for ecosystems and human society
  - reduce oxygen levels in the water, leading to fish and other animal kills
  - strip life-supporting oxygen from the lake
* cloud the water and reduce the amount of sunlight reaching Bay grasses.
* color the water a pea-soup green and are a classic symptom of cultural eutrophication.
* deplete oxygen levels, cause bacterial problems, and cause foul tasting drinking water.
* follow, which deplete the water of oxygen.
* leads to loss of species diversity which is known as.
* occur and have definite adverse affects on fish populations and their reproduction
  - yearly and the aging process is progressing steadily
* prevent light from reaching submerged vegetation, causing it to die off.
* produce poisons that paralyse and kill fish.
* reduce the photosynthetic ability of sea plants.
* tend to give the epilimnion a greenish hue.

Cyanobacterial bloom
* are highly visible, widespread indicators of eutrophication.
* cause heating of the sea surface.
* occur when algae that are normally present grow exuberantly.

Double bloom
* are a soft rosy-pink, produced in quantity on a tidy shrub.
* repeat in heavy cycles.

Macroalgal bloom
* can alter types and numbers of animals living in sediments - benthic animals.
* contribute to the decline of seagrass in nutrient-enriched coastal waters.

Phytoplankton bloom
* occur within the estuary.
* reduce water clarity and deplete the water of oxygen as they die and decompose.