### language | reading:

Critical reading
* involves teaching students to think while reading.
* is as important as creative writing in a writing workshop and in a writing career
  - critical thinking applied to the process of reading
* refers to a careful, active, reflective, analytic reading.

Extensive reading
* emphasizes reading for enjoyment through novels and biographies.
* prime means of developing a taste for foreign language reading.

Independent reading
* is very important for increasing a child's ability to read well.
* major source of vocabulary growth and reading fluency.

Passive reading
* has no relation to learning or storing something for memory.
* substitute for a sleeping pill.

Poetry reading
* are important because poetry is an oral art that precedes writing.
* is located in bookstores.

Receptive language
* develops after expressive language.
* includes listening, following directions, and comprehension of words.
* is characterized by an increasing ability to localize sounds, such as a bell.
* refers to the ability to process, interpret, and comprehend the spoken word
  - input system of language

Religious language
* can never be as precise as scientific language.
* is metaphorical and symbolic
  - moral discourse
  - used constantly by the leadership of the nation in support of violence

### language:

Ripuarian language
* are part of the west middle continental Germanic language group.
  * Also several minor cities, and hundreds of villages. About 1 million people speak a Ripuarian language. Ripuarian dialects are usually bound to a village or a municipality. Almost every place has a somewhat different language. People know where other people grew up, if they listen to their Ripuarian talk. Ripuarian languages are part of the west middle continental Germanic language group. They are related to Moselle Franconian languages of Rhineland-Palatinate in Germany, to the Luxembourgian language in Luxembourg, and to the Limburgish language in the Province Limbourg in the Netherlands. Many historic roots of ripuarian languages are in Middle High German. Many other influences too, like Latin, Low German, Dutch, French, and Limburgish-Bergish, are in today's Ripuarian languages. Several elements of grammar are unique to Ripuarian, they do not exist in any other German language. The states Belgium and The Netherlands officially recorgnize some Ripuarian dialects as minority languages.

Romance language
* are derived from Latin.
+ Latin America: North America :: South America
  * The Spanish, Portuguese, and French languages, spoken by many people in Latin America, are Romance languages. Romance languages are derived from Latin. Not all people in Latin America speak Romance languages, some Latin American people speak Native American languages.

### language:

Scripting language
* Most scripting languages are sequential languages with some process ideas grafted on.
* allow control over things like cameras, materials, and object positions.
* can display graphics, movies, text and can poses quesitons in various formats.
* have the potential to radically change the way people program.
* illustrate how far one can go in defining general-purpose languages.
* represent a different set of tradeoffs than system programming languages.
* vary widely in their capabilities and suitability for particular tasks.