Newborn
* All newborns cry.
* Many newborns are tiny, wet creatures when they first emerge
  - develop acne of the face - mainly small red bumps
  - grunt and squirm and get quite red in the face when passing normal stools
* Most newborns are ready to begin breastfeeding right after delivery
  - grow and thrive
* Most newborns have a mild skin rash sometime during the first week
  - some peculiar characteristics
  - nurse every one to three hours, even at night
  - wake and want frequent feeding especially in the first few days
* Some newborns are given a dairy free, predigested formula from birth
  - develop a yellow coloring called jaundice
  - have a fine, downy body hair called lanugo
* acquire the disease by passage through the mother's genital tract.
* affect everyone in the house.
* also begin crying at birth as a method of communicating
  - to recognize important sounds such as the sound of their mother's voice
  - purr while they suckle
* appear darker because they are born with their stripes closer together.
* are all belly breathers
  - altricial, with closed eyes and closed external ear openings
  - at increased risk for disseminated gonorrhea
  - babies
  - black, and then molt near the end of their nursing period
* are blind and naked
  - totally reliant on their mothers for survival
  - blind, pink and weigh about half an ounce
  - carried on their mother's back until they are old enough to be on their own
  - dark brown in color with rows of light spots
  - darker and greyer than the adults, with reddish belly spots that fade as they age
  - defenseless, but they grow fast and are born runners
  - entirely white, with pink faces
  - healthy, because their immune system is usually stronger than in older specimens
  - helpless but develop quickly
  - immune to many diseases because they received numerous antibodies from their mother
  - less likely to get day and night confused when they sleep with their mommy
  - more interested in their caregivers than they are in toys or other objects
  - much smaller than most other newborns
  - partially precocial, although do depend on the mother for a short time
  - particularly sensitive to caffeine and alcohol
  - people
  - placed in very carefully made cradles
  - precocial and are able to climb at just one day of age
  - relatively vitamin K deficient for a variety of reasons
  - soft and vulnerable at birth
  - tiny, less than a pound
  - unable to regulate their body temperature at first
  - up and about within an hour of birth
  - usually very red in complexion
  - very similar in appearance to adults
  - wet and chill rapidly as they dry
* benefit tremendously from hearing language.
* breathe exclusively through their noses.
* can acquire it while traveling through the birth canal of an infected mother.
* can be premature infants , post-mature infants and full term newborns
  - small if the mother suffered nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy
  - contract it from an infected mother in their first months of life
* can contract listeriosis from an infected mother before or during birth
  - mother during birth
  - drop off to sleep in any situation
  - get sick very fast
* can have jitteriness, vomiting and fast pulse if the maternal blood level is too high
  - much more serious consequences including brain damage, blindness and death
  - lie down to nurse or sleep and an older baby can sit up in a variety of positions
  - make out large shapes and faces, and see bright, strong colors
* can see black and white and bright colors, like red and yellow
  - shortly after birth
  - soon after birth and can eat grass after one week
  - when they're born
  - show response to painful stimuli both physiologically and behaviorally
  - sleep fine without the house being perfectly quiet
  - stand five minutes after birth and begin to follow their mother immediately
  - taste and smell also
  - walk within an hour and in a few days they can outrun a person
* cry when something hurts, like a hungry stomach or wet diapers against tender skin.
* depend on antibodies shortly after birth to build their immune system.
* discriminate the rhythm of multisyllabic stressed words.
* disperse freely into the marine environment.
* display a wide variety of reflexes.
* do secrete tears.
* eat and sleep with an occasional wakeful or fussy period.
* feed frequently.
* generally have between twelve to fifteen ounces of blood
  - like to grip objects, and they usually like to be bathed
* go through a lot of development in the first few hours of life.
* grow and change so quickly
  - very quickly so re-check the mark each day for where the tube needs to be placed
* have a lot of developing to do before they can begin walking
  - lower pain threshold than older infants and children
  - normally erratic existence because they are adjusting to life sans uterus
  - peculiar way of catching their food
  - short, downy pelage that grows fluffier and more dense as the guard hairs come in
  - sparse covering of hair which they lose as adults
  - all five senses
  - big heads, no necks, short legs, and distended torsos
  - frequent and sometimes prolonged periods of hiccups
  - hiccups quite often
  - irregular sleep cycles that take about six months to mature
  - less synthetic capacity to make carnitine than children and adults
  - many variations in normal appearance - from color to the shape of the head
  - narrower teeth, with basal cusps on the lower jaw teeth
  - progressive muscular weakness leading to death
  - ridges in their skull called suture lines
  - simple reflexes, which they gradually learn to control in order to achieve some goal
  - small stomachs and prefer small but frequent feedings
  - softer, leathery skin that hardens as they grow older
  - temporary maternal immunity against some diseases, but it wears off in a few months
  - tiny stomachs that can only hold small amounts of food
  - under-developed immune systems, which are weaker than the adult immune system
* initially have pinkish-gray skin which quickly darkens.
* keep their eyes closed for most of the times but become arousable with gentle stimulation.
* know to swallow the fish head-first.
* lie outside the herd, hidden in foliage for the first few weeks after birth.
* living in incubators can receive too much oxygen, which causes blindness.
* lose many of the above physical characteristics quickly.
* make more bilirubin than adults do since they have more turnover of red blood cells.
* normally have higher levels than older children and adults.
* often appear pink and slightly transparent but darken with age
  - have facial petechiae from the tight squeeze through the cervix
  - show no signs of the disease until they are circumcised
* quickly learn to communicate.
* require high intestinal lactase levels for survival.
* requiring heart transplantation often die because of the critical shortage of donor hearts.
* respond to the sound of another child crying in turn with their own crying.
* routinely cry a total of one to four hours per day.
* share the same space with the mother and leave within a few days.
* sometimes arrive addicted to nicotine.
* spend little, if any time in the general nursery.
* start off capable only of simple feelings of pleasure and pain.
* stay with their mother for at least a year.
* take their steps learning how to crawl.
* urinate often and have frequent, loose bowel movements.
* usually cry about one to four hours a day
  - lose weight during the first few days, but thereafter start to gain
* usually respond more readily to a female voice over a male voice
  - to a female's voice over a male's
* weigh several ounces and are about the size of a human fist.
+ Baby: Biological reproduction
  * An 'infant' is a human child at the youngest stage of life. Some people say that infancy is until someone can walk, while some say infancy is the time before the age of one. An infant less than 1 month old is a 'newborn'. Newborns can be premature infants, post-mature infants and full term newborns.
+ Neonatal diabetes mellitus: Diabetes mellitus
  * Symptoms of NDM include thirst, frequent urination and dehydration. Most fetuses with NDM do not grow properly in the uterus. Newborns are much smaller than most other newborns. After birth, many babies do not gain enough weight or grow as rapidly as other babies.