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Dispersal
* Most dispersals increase survival.
* Most dispersals occur during breed seasons
* Some dispersals contribute to conservation
  - depend on wind
  - occur during larval phases
  - reduce predation
* allows the population to find new, suitable niches.
* also occurs through host mobility and shipping grub-infested cattle.
* appears to be caused by competition for territories
  - more frequent in contiguous forest habitats
* can be a mechanism by which natural selection acts upon the population
  - by wind, water, wildlife, vehicles and equipment, forage, and livestock
  - one of the most important events in an insect's life cycle
  - sharpen parapatric boundaries on a spatially varying environment
* gets the babies away from stocks of fungal spores, insect populations.
* happens after the seeds have been excreted.
* increase chances
* is accomplished when the small caterpillars are blown from one tree to another.
* is an ecological process that is part of the life history of every species
  - important part of the process of evolution
  - by animals
  - common and accounts for most grasshopper movement over time
  - primarily by ingestion of fruits by animals or movement of the seeds by wind
  - spreading
* is the mechanism used in dispersal biogeography to explain distribution
  - primary way wolves colonize new areas and maintain genetic diversity
  - process of movement of individuals or groups from one place to another
  - third priority for an organism, after survival and reproduction
  - via phoretic deutonymphs which have been found on millipedes and carabid beetles
* mainly occurs during the breeding season, when most social interactions occur.
* mechanism where by offspring mature at a location away from the parental plant.
  - when the young are encouraged to leave the dens
* occurs because plankton are transported by movement of the water in which they live
  - by first instar larvae wandering to a food source
  - during all the active stages of the budworm
* plays a key role in the spread of crop disease.
* redistributes budworms within the crown and between trees and stands.
* reduces the likelihood of a male cat breeding with a close relative.
* refers to how an organism is spread throughout an ecosystem.
* refers to offspring moving away from their parents
* require energy.
* scattering, spreading, or distribution.

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Seed dispersal
* Most seed dispersals increase survival.
* Some seed dispersals contribute to conservation.
* appears to be mainly by falling fruit and birds.
* begins shortly after flowering and continues into winter.
* has many consequences for the ecology and evolution of plants.
* is accomplished by a variety of means, including wind, water, and animals
  - aided by wind, water and animals
  - an example of adaptation
  - assumed to be the main factor responsible for edge effects on plant composition
  - essential for the success of all plant species
  - likely to have several benefits for plant species
  - limited to the usually short distances that the animals carry the seed
  - one of the most interesting characteristics of dwarf mistletoes
  - primarily by wind and possibly by tides
  - principally by water and animals
  - seen most obviously in fruits
  - the scattering of offspring away from each other and from the parent plant
  - usually by birds
* seems to be primarily by ants, which carry the seeds to their nests for food.

Wind dispersal
* Some wind dispersals depend on wind.
* allows for movement over long distances.
* is limited and most seeds fall within a few yards of the plant
  - modeled as a negative exponential decay away from each source cell