Gas
* All gases act the same way whether they are on Jupiter or on the Earth.
* All gases are completely soluble in each other
  - compressible
  - can flow , like liquids
  - contain some high-energy molecules
  - dissolve somewhat in water
  - expand at the same rate when heated
  - have different freezing and boiling points
* Any gas can condensate , usually at a low temperatures or high pressure.
* GAs are a novel computing area used, for example, in optimisation
  - also important because they're tied to the way plants respond to their environment
* GAs are search algorithms based on principles from evolutionary biology
  - the mechanics underlying natural selection
  - maintain string structures that are analogous to chromosomes
  - mimic the mechanisms of evolution
  - produce bolting of rosette-forming plants, increasing internodal length
  - use the tools of natural selection and genetics
* Many gases are non-polar molecules, such as hydrogen, helium, oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen
  - behave as ideal gases at moderate temperatures and pressures
  - have odors
* More gas is retained in warmer years and less in cooler years, regardless of emission levels.
* Most gases are created by fuel
  - examples of ideal gases all all temperatures
  - molecules made up of two or more atoms
* Most gases are produced by evaporation
  - fire
  - gas producers
  - released by fire
  - become less soluble as the temperature is raised
* Most gases behave ideally at sufficiently low pressures
  - like ideal gases at moderate pressures and temperatures
* Most gases can have effects
  - negative effects
  - profound effects
  - carry methane
* Most gases cause damage
  - extreme pain
  - green house effects
  - greenhouse effects
  - lung damage
  - similar effects
  - change states
  - combine with gases
* Most gases come from natural sources
* Most gases consist of methane
  - percent methane
* Most gases contain air
  - elements
  - contribute to production
* Most gases create atmospheres
  - compounds
  - depend upon pressure
* Most gases enter atmospheres
  - homes
  - lungs
  - exert pressure
* Most gases fill organs
  - stomachs
* Most gases form chemical bonds
  - ionic compounds
  - go into air
* Most gases have amounts
  - components
  - density
* Most gases have energy density
  - particles
  - high energy
  - internal energy
  - kinetic energy
  - low density
* Most gases have lower density
  - measurable properties
  - much energy
  - other measurable properties
  - oxygen atoms
* Most gases have same average kinetic energy
  - tendencies
  - values
  - weight
  - increase effects
  - indicate fermentation
* Most gases interact with atmospheres
  - upper atmospheres
* Most gases move from areas
  - places
* Most gases occur in atmospheres
  - environments
  - play enormous roles
* Most gases possess energy
* Most gases produce compounds
  - emissions
  - from fermentation
  - radiant energy
  - reach equilibrium
  - require energy
* Most gases result from activities
  - human activities
  - sustain life
  - turn into liquids
  - use in photosynthesis
* Some gas is grabbed by the star's considerable magnetic field
  - normally present in the digestive tract
  - stoves leak cooking gas, which can be a trigger
* Some gases absorb energy
  - heat radiation
  - terrestrial radiation
  - accentuate the warming or cooling of the atmosphere
* Some gases affect climates
  - energy output
* Some gases alter patterns
  - weather patterns
* Some gases are caused by air
  - hot air
* Some gases are created by cell death
  - generated by decay
  - harder to see than others
  - heavier than air, some are lighter
  - lighter than air of the same volume
* Some gases are produced by animals
  - burns
  - cellular respiration
  - eruptions
  - facilities
  - furnaces
  - humans
  - arise from wind
  - attract mosquitoes
* Some gases become liquids
  - types
* Some gases burn like methane, hydrogen, propane, and the like
  - throats
  - can dissolve in water as well
* Some gases cause acid rain
  - bubbles
  - cancer
  - chemical reaction
  - corrosion
  - destruction
  - environmental problems
  - explosions
  - gastrointestinal inflammation
  - headaches
  - injuries
  - intense heat
  - lung cancer
  - serious injuries
  - severe inflammation
  - change structures
  - collect dust
  - combine with clouds
* Some gases come from activities
  - cars
  - cattle
  - live creatures
* Some gases consist of clouds
  - interact particles
  - minute particles
* Some gases contain clouds
  - fluorine
  - gas clouds
  - plasma
  - power
* Some gases contribute to effects
  - create fire
  - decrease production
* Some gases decrease with increase temperature
* Some gases depend on locations
  - motion
* Some gases dissolve in organic solvent
  - drive pistons
* Some gases emit energy
* Some gases enter abdomens
  - chambers
  - necks
* Some gases fill chambers
  - containers
* Some gases flow through power plant turbines
* Some gases form air
  - disks
  - found in mines are soluble and can be released from water
* Some gases generate charge
  - electricity
  - static electricity
  - give different colored light that can be viewed without a grating
* Some gases go into tissue
  - through pipes
* Some gases have ability
  - applications
  - bases
  - characteristic smell
  - conductivity
  - energy gaps
  - environmental impact
  - forces
  - greater impacts on climate than others
  - high conductivity
  - isotopes
* Some gases have large energy gaps
* Some gases have many applications
  - important applications
  - stable isotopes
  - very low auto-ignition temperatures
  - viscosity
  - weak forces
  - help heat
* Some gases increase acidity
  - indicate uniformity
* Some gases induce decay
  - orbital decay
  - irritate eyes
* Some gases kill animals
  - soldiers
  - termites
* Some gases lead to death
  - symptoms
  - unpleasant symptoms
  - lose energy
* Some gases make heat
  - senses
  - up air
  - occur at surfaces
* Some gases pass through cellular membranes
  - exoskeletons
  - moist membranes
  - prevent heat
* Some gases produce cause leakage
  - food
  - significant leakage
* Some gases push projectiles
  - rockets
* Some gases raise global temperature
  - reduce quality
* Some gases release energy
  - require radiation
  - result in death
  - show composites
* Some gases surround atomic nuclei
* Some gases threaten health
  - public health
* Some gases travels through nozzles
  - rocket nozzles
  - turn into ice
* Some gases use air
  - for light
* accumulates rapidly in the dog's stomach causing it to swell and sometimes twist.
* also assumes the shape of the container it is put into
  - cleaner fuel, resulting in lower emissions
  - come from our sweat, and when food is digested in our stomachs
  - expand when they are heated at a constant pressure
  - have viscosity, although it little harder to notice it in ordinary circumstances
  - is the logical fuel of cogeneration applications
  - pose a hazard at many volcanoes
  - responds to acoustic energy with the greatest change in temperature
  - results from food allergies
  - vibrate, but they move freely at high speeds
* are also a very important part of the earth
  - fluids since they take on the shape of their individual container
  - good at moving heat
  - chemicals that are gaseous at room temperature
  - colorless and odorless
  - compressible fluids, unlike liquids
  - compressible, which means that the density of the atmosphere varies with altitude
  - easier to compress than solids
  - easy to compress
  - everywhere
  - exchanged in the capillaries
  - great because they can compress and expand
* are highly compressible when compared to solids and liquids
  - compressible, while liquids are only slightly so
  - inherently difficult and costly to transport
  - materials that exist as individual molecules in the air at room temperatures
* are more compressible than liquids
  - flexible states of matter than solids and liquids
  - much more compressible
  - of course already in vapour form
  - perhaps the best understood of the three states of matter
  - random groups of atoms
  - readily compressible
* are released by fire
  - through the stomata, on the underside of the leaf
  - soluble in water and go into solution at the gas liquid interface
  - substances that become airborne at room temperature
  - the force behind volcanic eruptions
* are the most compressible of all the states of matter
  - energetic of the three phases of matter
  - third from of matter
  - therefore more disordered than the corresponding liquids
* are usually measured by volume so a relationship between volume and number of moles is needed
  - more soluble at colder temperatures
* are very important to living systems
  - poor conductors of heat
* ascend and form clouds.
* assume the shape and volume of a container.
* becomes as rare as gold.
* bounce everywhere and spread out.
* bubbles in cooling fluid caused flow rate fluctuations
  - glass melts under microgravity
  - the metal cause an area of weakness, and are a sign of poor manufacturing
* build in the rumen causing the bloat
  - thick molten rock, escaping with a blast
* builds over time, often rising to the surface and escaping into the air.
* burning fireplaces eliminate the smoke and hassle of wood burning.
* burns a blue flame when it burns efficiently
  - at a lower temperature than oil, and gas boilers come in a variety of designs
* burns cleaner and is less expensive per use than charcoal
* can accumulate from the fermentation of food materials and from air-swallowing.
* can also build up behind constipation and can be released in large amounts
  - cause serious explosions
  - change into a plasma
  - flow to take the shape of a container
  - assume the air temperature and can cause frostbite if spilled hands during subzero days
* can be a complicated system to explore, test, and understand
  - above or below atmospheric pressure
  - flammable, combustible, explosive, poisonous, corrosive, or toxic
  - present in the throat or on the skin and cause no symptoms of disease
* can become liquids when cooled
  - plasmas in several ways, but all include pumping the gas with energy
  - build up in the disc and cause periodic outbursts only if the disc is normally fairly cool
  - collect anywhere in the lower intestine
* can combine to form different materials
  - with other gases to form mixtures, rather than solutions
  - dissolve in liquids
  - even migrate and accumulate in nearby buildings, increasing the risk of explosion
* can fill a container of any size or shape
  - up, or distribute themselves equally within, anything into which they are placed
  - indeed have a lot to do with earthquakes
  - leak and result in an explosion or fire
  - mix, because the particles are a long ways apart and easily go past one another
* can react to form compounds that essentially condense and form very small, liquid particles
  - with oxygen rapidly because they can mix efficiently with the air
  - reduce viscosity
  - seem a significant cause of discomfort to the infant
  - significantly limit available oxygen in the air causing breathing to stop
* can take the shape of any container and also fill any volume
* changes to a liquid.
* collecting in the stomach causes much distress to one who has endocarditis or valvular disease.
  - the magma itself or from the hot magma coming into contact with water in the ground
* common cause of pharyngeal, skin, and other soft tissue infections.
* completely fill the vessels they occupy
  - their containers, regardless of volume
* condense into liquids at very low temperature.
* consist of atoms or molecules that are unbound
  - particles which are very far apart compared to their own sizes
  - weakly bonded atoms and expand to fill any available space
  - different elements
  - particles much farther apart than in either solids or liquids
* contains molecules that are in motion.
* continue to escape from the interior as volcanic emissions.
* continues to build up on the surface until it sparks an eruption, blowing material into space.
* cooled near the surface becomes denser and sinks.
* create a pressure on their containers, because of the gas molecules colliding with the walls
* created are phosgene.
* depletes differently from oil.
* deviate least from ideal gas behavior at high temperatures and low pressures
  - most from ideal gas behavior at low temperatures and high pressures
* differ from liquids in that they have no definite volume.
* diffuse across the inner respiratory surfaces of the lungs
  - by osmosis, through selective cell membranes, across the body surface
  - from regions of higher pressure to lower pressure
  - in through the spiracles and down the tracheae and tracheoles
* diffuse through air several thousand times faster than through water
  - cell walls only in solution in the water which the wall has imbibed
* dissipate energy.
* dissolve better in cold water.
* dissolve in liquids like solids, but usually have much simpler behavior
  - to form solutions
  - water at high pressures and low temperatures
* dissolved in sea water are in equilibrium with the atmosphere.
* drying takes place by adsorption.
  - liquids more easily under pressure
  - the atmosphere, only to be rained down onto sea and continent
* enters an outer opening as one of the spiral's orbits.
* erupting from volcanoes contribute to atmospheric gases.
* es are difficult for students to visualize because they are invisible
  - become the BODY of the panda via the bamboo
  - commonly used in discharge lamps include neon, mercury and sodium
  - follow certain laws, which physicists have deduced
  - pass in and out of cells by diffusion
  - react in different ways to a burning or glowing splint
  - really do compress more easily than fluids
  - released from the water simply escape to the atmosphere through vents in the aerator cover
* es tend to expand much more rapidly with temperature changes
  - leave water if exposed to differences in pressure, or differences in flow
* escape from liquid gasoline and form a vapor in a process called vaporization or evaporation.
* exert a pressure on any surface with which they are in contact
  - the walls of the container in which they are placed
  - partial pressures in proportion to their relative numbers of molecules
* exert pressure by the molecules bouncing off the sides of the container
  - on their containers and all other objects
  - through the collisions of molecules with the wall of the container
* expand as they are heated and they contract when they are cooled
  - in the air up there
  - rapidly and push the piston, doing work
* expand to fill the boundaries of their containers
  - shape of their container
* expand to fill their containers and have low density
* expand when heated
* expanding in a cylinder, against a constant resisting pressure, is work.
* expands as it rises to the surface, reducing the column weight and density of the fluid
  - to fill the entire container in which it is held
  - when heated, and contracts when cooled
* fall back inwards, become denser and opaque again.
* falling into a spiral disk is slowed by collisions and star formation continues till today
  - the star is heated so much that it radiates in the x-ray range of the spectrum
  - onto neutron stars becomes hot and thus visible to outside observers
  - toward the nuclei of colliding galaxies can trigger vast bursts of new star formation
* fluctuate in volume much more than liquids or solids.
* form bonds
* forming bacteria generally feed on certain carbohydrates and sugars.
* forms much slower at lower temperature.
* found in polluted air can irritate the eyes and produce a burning sensation.
* freely traded commodity with transparent pricing.
* generally diffuse , spacing themselves throughout the container.
* given off by the radium compound are collected in a glass tube.
* gives cars energy to move and electricity makes a light bulb glow
  - magmas their explosive character, because the gas expands as pressure is reduced
* group of people who are serious about collecting autographs by mail.
* has a high form value for heating large workpieces and for short product-runs.
* has no ash content and very low sulphur content against coal
  - fixed shape and no fixed volume
  - slower density as compared to liquid or solid
  - to be compressed and purified from carbon dioxide
* have a greater entropy than pure liquids which have a greater entropy than pure solids
  - generally higher reactivities, and more rapid diffusion capabilities
  - little or no interactions between the atoms or molecules
* have lower densities than liquids or solids
  - density than other states of matter, such as solids and liquids
  - more entropy than liquids which have more than solids
* have much energy
  - lower density than the solids and liquids
* have neither a definite shape nor a definite volume
  - fixed shape nor a fixed volume
  - definite volume nor shape
* have no color
  - definite shape nor volume
* have no definite shape or a definite volume
* have no definite volume and no definite shape
  - small intermolecular interactions
  - smaller forces of attraction than solids and liquids
  - special relationships involving their temperatures, volumes, and pressures
  - strong intermolecular forces acting, keeping the molecules close together
  - variable volume and shape
* heats our water and warms our homes and factories.
* hit atmospheres.
* hold huge amounts of energy and their molecules are spread out as much as possible.
* hydrate crystalline solid formed of water and gas
  - deposits occur under the ocean floor worldwide, particularly in cooler latitudes
  - dissociation common cause of such profiles in continental margin settings
* hydrate is an ice-like form of natural gas that is currently attracting great interest
  - substance that form under pressure when gas is trapped in water crystals
  - the product of pressurized gas trapped in low temperature water crystals
  - natural, icelike material formed of methane and water in deep sea sediments
  - that breaches the sea floor on the continental slope of the Gulf of Mexico
  - zones are also widespread in the Canadian Arctic under the permafrost
* include carbon dioxide
  - natural elements
  - sulphur dioxide
* includes natural gas and other petroleum gases.
* inevitably have much lower refractive indexes than solids.
* inhibit microorganisms by two mechanisms.
* ionizes under the influence of the corona discharge.
* is able to escape through the pores in the wall material.
* is also a clean burning fuel
  - part of the pyroclastic flow
  - very important type of energy
  - much more environmentally friendly than other fuels
  - an efficient source of home heating
  - caused by the body's inability to digest the complex carbohydrates found in beans
  - cheaper than electricity
  - clean burning and in many respects more valuable than oil
  - cleaner and more efficient than electricity in providing heat
  - composed mainly of unsmellable stuff like hydrogen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide
  - compressed in a cylinder
  - exchanged through simple diffusion
  - for combustion in motors
  - forced through catalyst by pressure
  - formed in the large intestine as a result of the action of bacteria on undigested food
  - found in the southern North Sea, Germany and Poland
  - generated in the gut by bacterial action on fibre
  - greenish yellow with a sharp penetrating odor
  - hemispheric
  - introduced into the abdomen to separate the organs and to allow the laparoscope to pass
  - just the tip of the iceberg
  - less polluting than coal and oil
* is lighter than air and can dissipate, propane is heavier than air and can pool
  - is easily liquefied under pressure
  - liquid, and it is easy to use
  - located underground in porous sandstone reservoirs
* is made of a very large number of very tiny particles
  - molecules, but solids are made of atoms
  - up of atoms that are separate
  - measured by something known as therms
* is more prone to change shape and volume
  - soluble with increasing pressure
  - much more economical than electric
  - no more dangerous than any other source of energy
  - one of the three states of matter
* is payable on consumption during heating season together with firewood
* is produced in landfills as waste decays
  - our bodies everyday
* is produced in the lumen by several mechanisms
  - western portion of the state from shallow Pennsylvanian sandstones
  - pulled by gravity towards the white dwarf, forming an accretion disc around it
  - referred to as petrol
* is released by drilling holes into rocks
  - from the intestinal tract via the mouth by belching, or via the rectum as flatus
  - secreted into the swim bladder from blood by action of the gas glands
  - something people buy frequently
  - spread by direct contact with secretions from the nose and throat of infected persons
  - state of matter
  - supposed to be a very cheap source of energy for the masses
* is the exhaust fume of digestion, the necessary result of the bowel's work
  - fuel of the future
  - most common fuel
  - same as oil, as copper and salmon
* is the source of energy for heating water and for the stove
  - power behind gas blowback weapons
  - story of two teenage boys who get lost in the desert
  - way to go for larger sizes
  - thus a natural part of digestion
* is toxic and severe irritant by contact or inhalation
  - to most young, green plant tissues
  - trapped in the ground
* is used for central heating, space heating, water heating and cooking
  - heating, refrigeration and lighting
* is used in a boiler or flared
  - homes for space and water heating and for cooking
  - offshore production to enhance oil recovery
  - to drive gas engines which extract twice as much energy from coal as steam engines can
  - useful for flattening a detached retina and keeping it attached while healing occurs
* is usually just the result of certain habits or diet choices
  - less expensive than oil or electricity
  - present in stomach
* kill instantly.
* lanterns light homes, barns and shops.
* leaves the bladder through an oval body in the back of the swim bladder.
* logs flicker and burn just like wood, but light instantly and burn cleanly.
* makes things lighter.
* migrates out of viscous fluids very slowly.
* mix with dust and ash to make great dark clouds.
* move and flow more freely than the others
  - around constantly and they take up the volume of the container
  - from an area of higher concentration, to that of a lower concentration
* move from areas of high to low pressure
  - higher pressure to areas of lower pressure
  - in and out of tissues by diffusion
  - somewhat freely through a dry, hydrophilic membrane
* much less polluting fule than coal and oil.
* normally obey the Ideal Gas Law.
* occupies some volume in three dimensional space.
* occupy more space than the solids or liquids from which they are formed
  - the entire volume of a container
* operate for the most part by the same physical laws that liquids do.
* pass in and out of a plant using pressure differences
  - through it freely
* plays a crucial role in such interactions.
* pose the greatest hazard close to the vent where concentrations are greatest.
  - low levels of matter per unit volume
* pours out of volcanoes in large quantities during most eruptions.
* produced from combustion are strong vectors for change in forests
  - hindgut fermentation can appear as bubbles in the manure
  - in greatest volume are methane, carbon dioxide, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide
* product much more certain than oil
  - of combustion that remains a gas even when cooled to normal building temperatures
* provides additional heat when needed in the winter
  - more energy to Ontario than either oil or electricity
  - much of the natural pressure that drives oil to the surface
* ranges, furnaces, fireplaces, and wood stoves are common household sources.
* readily diffuse across the mucosa
  - through lipid bilayer
* ready-made fuel.
* refers to natural gas but excludes natural gas liquids.
* released by volcanoes can damage nearby plants and lower the quality of air people breath
  - include Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and fluorine
* remain trapped longer in the magma, and then are released explosively.
* responds more rapidly and vigorously to mechanical forces and heat.
  - of the breakdown of compounds by bacteria in the gut
* seeps through the surface and condenses in the pores of rock.
* serve functions
* sign of vitality.
* spiraling inward grows fiercely hot, emitting the observed X rays.
* squirted directly into the mouth can cause suffocation by freezing the air passages.
* state of matter that has no fixed shape and no fixed volume
  - with no definite shape or volume
* stoves emit carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and organic compounds.
* support combustion.
* take up much more space than liquids.
* tend to be harder to identify, because they have no color, shape, or size
  - take the shape of their container , and are less dense than both solids and liquids
* tends to migrate out of highly viscous fluid very slowly.
* trapped in clathrates are enclosed in ice , they look like packed snow.
* turns to be a liquid and a solid , while a solid turns to a liquid and gas.
* undergo effusion and diffusion.
  - techniques
* used are methane, isobutane and ammonia.
* usually burn above the bed or in the bubble phase
  - change into the liquid state
  - follows the price of heating oil
* vaporizes from solution and is flammable in air
  - readily from solution and is flammable in air
* very clean form of energy.
* works best as it keeps a more steady temperature than electric.
* would have effects
  - inverse effects
+ Condensation, Process: Thermodynamics :: Biology
  * Condensation of water is when water turns from gas to a liquid or crystal shape. Any gas can condensate, usually at a low temperatures or high pressure.
+ Gas, Physical Characteristics, Pressure
  * Gas can crate pressure itself when there is a lot of it. The weight of all the gas above creates high pressure on any object underneath it, including any more gas. On a planet this is called atmospheric pressure
  - Characteristics: States of matter
  * All gases can flow, like liquids. This means the molecules move about independently of each other. The majority of gases are colourless, like Hydrogen. Gas particles will spread about, or diffuse, in order to fill all the space in any container such as a bottle or a room. Compared to liquids and solids gases have a very low density and viscosity. We cannot directly observe most gases since they are without colour, however it is possible to measure their density, volume, temperature and pressure
+ Lake Vostok, Pressure and oxygen: Lakes :: Geography of Antarctica
  * The weight of the ice on top of lake Vostok is believed to add to the high concentration of oxygen. Oxygen from the ice gets dissolved into the water of the lake. Deposits of oxygen and other gases are trapped in the lake as well. The structure that traps them is called a clathrate. Gases trapped in clathrates are enclosed in ice, they look like packed snow.
  * The question of whether lists should be GA or not may be a separate question. However, this article has several issues. It is almost entirely the work of one editor. GAs usually have at least one image. I know that may difficult in this case because of copyright, but it is usual to have something visual. A sidebar or infobox outlining her career by album would probably be helpful too. Finally, for a list of songs, songwriter and producer information is probably needed to make it really complete.
+ Solution: Chemistry
  * In chemistry, a 'solution' is a homogeneous mixture  of two or more substances. The substances that are dissolved are named 'solute's. The substance the solutes are dissolved in is named a 'solvent'. Gases can dissolve in liquids. An example is carbon dioxide or oxygen in water. Liquids may dissolve in other liquids and gases in other gases.
+ States of matter, Common States of Matter, Gases
  * In a 'gas', the chemical bonds are not strong enough to hold atoms or molecules together, and from this a gas is a collection of independent, unbonded molecules which interact mainly by collision. Gases tend to take the shape of their container, and are less dense than both solids and liquids.
+ Thermal conductivity: Thermodynamics
  * Thermal conductivity' is the ability of a material to conduct heat. Metals are good at moving heat. They are good conductors of heat. Gases are also good at moving heat. Thermal resistivity' is the opposite of thermal conductivity.