### animal | female:

Pregnant female
* Most pregnant females hibernate on land in excavated dens in the snow, usually on a steep slope
  - spend the autumn and winter on land in maternity dens
* appear to have different feeding habits than lactating females.
* are the only Baikal seals to haul out during the winter
  - transferred to a maternity pen when they are ready to give birth
  - usually the first to enter dens in the fall
* can cause spontaneous abortions or stillbirth
  - pass the virus to their newborn children
* carry the eggs externally as a sponge beneath their pleiopods.
* catabolize their own fat and protein reserves during periods of food deprivation.
* dig dens for their litters.
* drop their antlers within days of calving.
* excavate a maternity den, generally in drifted snow near the coast.
* gather in shallow lagoons to give birth to calves.
* make dens in the soft deep snows of the ice.
* move inshore to drop their young in nursery and pupping grounds.
* shed their antlers soon after the calves are born in the spring.

Receptive female
* attract males with conspicuous postures and facial expressions.
* channel the males' aggression into breeding behavior by their own responses.
* fly into the cloud of swarming males, and mate in flight.

Single female
* are second only to married couples in the number of homes they buy.
* headed families are especially over-represented among the working poor.

Spaying female
* eliminates the risk of developing mammary tumors, as well as uterine cancer.
* prevents mammary cancer, uterine infection and accidental pregnancies.

Unspayed female
* are at a much greater risk of developing mammary cancer
  - more likely to bite than spayed females
* have higher incidences of mammary tumors, uterine infections, and cancer.

White female
* are much greater supporters of an activist government than are white men.
* become yellow as they age and then brown after they die
  - then brown when they die
* can expect to live the longest.
* have a greater diversity in brand selection than white males.

Winged female
* find mates and establish new colonies.
* fly to the same tree and there give birth to wingless daughters.

Young female
* can breed at one year of age, but many wait until they're two
  - mate when only three months old and give birth when four months old
* stop having young when food is scarce.

Younger female
* seem to have smaller litter sizes than older ones.
* tend to mate later than older females
  - rank higher than their older siblings

### animal:

Feral animal
* are another threat koalas have had to face since European settlement.
* can cause problems for native plants and animals
  - often carry diseases that pets can get such as rabies
* compete for food with domestic livestock.
* have an adverse impact on wildlife and conflict with resource preservation.
+ Feral organism, Harmful and helpful effects of feral organisms, Economic harm: Animals :: Plants
  * Feral animals compete for food with domestic livestock. Though hotly disputed, some cite as an example the competition between feral horses and cattle in the western United States. Another example is of goats competing with cattle in Australia, or goats that damage trees and vegetation in environmentally-stressed regions of Africa. Accidental crossbreeding by feral animals may result in harm to breeding programs of pedigreed animals. Their presence may also excite domestic animals and push them to escape. Feral populations can also pass on diseases to domestic herds.