### plant part:

Stem
* Most stems bear single flowers
  - carry water
* Most stems grow above the ground but some, called rhizomes, grow underground
  - from seeds
  - to height
  - upright and support the leaves and reproductive organs of plants
* Most stems have large tap roots
  - outer surfaces
  - oval leaves
  - shape leaves
  - make flowers
* Most stems produce flowers
  - take roots
* Some stems are so narrow as to be threadlike, as in many tropical epiphytic ferns
  - submerged in water
* Some stems contain buds
  - proteins
  - develop into leaves
* Some stems grow along the ground or underground
  - from buds
* Some stems have many branches
  - nodes
  - shapes
  - make plants
* Some stems produce compounds
  - inflorescences
  - tendrils
* Stems Denotes the tannin-rich stalks of the grape bunch which carry the berries.
* act as channels through which water and solules reach the leaves.
* also carry water, minerals, and sap around the plant
  - produce new living tissue allowing plants to grow and reproduce
* appear as leafless, thread-like branching vines.
* are also parts of plants
  - an indispensable part of the plants
  - composed of repeating segments, including nodes and internodes.b
  - elongated and plants set many small tubers
  - found only in vascular plants
  - frameworks for upright growth and to display flowers
  - generally positively phototropic, i. e., they grow toward the light
  - girdled and plants die
  - more digestible than other legumes
  - most commonly responsible for asexual reproduction
  - of two types, flowering and vegetative
* are part of apples
  - pipes
  - the structures which support the leaves so that they are exposed to the sun
  - tubes
* are used for pushing boats in shallow water
  - to transport water and nutrients to the upper parts of the plant
* attain height.
* bear both leaves and flowers
  - fragrant flowers
* become girdled, and the plants wilt and die.
* bend toward light, changing direction with the source of light.
* can also have appendages other than leaves
  - be herbaceous like the bendable stem of a daisy or woody like the trunk of an oak tree
  - eventually branch with age, or from damage to the growth center
  - survive composting and exposure to sun
* carry minerals up from the roots in the soil to the leaves on top
* cause friction for the flow of the water, thus reducing water velocity.
* come in many varieties which also include the trunks of trees.
* consist of nodes and internodes.
* contain cyanide and can be toxic.
* decay at or below soil surface.
* form
  - new plants where they touch the ground and pieces readily take root
* frequently occur in clusters from a vertical root that can extend many feet underground.
* grow above ground and root at nodes
  - horizontally above ground and root at the nodes
  - the longest in total darkness cause there is no blue light to inhibit their growth
* grow to full height
  - towards the sunlight and support the plants leaves, so that they can make food
* have cells called meristems that annually generate new living tissue
  - functions
  - holes
  - leathery leaves
* have smooth outer surfaces
  - tissue called the meristem which contains dividing cells
* includes corpi
  - leaf nodes
  - sections
* produce bright flowers
  - tubular flowers
  - yellow flowers
* provide structure and support for leaves, flowers and fruits
  - support for leaves and reproductive structures
* reach length.
* rot at soil level.
* serve to lift a plant s leaves up towards the sunlight.
* usually have higher nitrate content than leaves.
+ Plant stem, Economic importance
  * There are thousands of species whose stems have economic uses. Stems provide a few major staple crops such as potato and taro. Sugar cane stems are a major source of sugar. Maple sugar is got from trunks of maple trees. Vegetables from stems are asparagus, bamboo shoots, cactus pads, kohlrabi, and water chestnut. The spice, cinnamon is bark from a tree trunk
  - stem: Plant anatomy
  * The production of new living tissue. Stems have tissue called the meristem which contains dividing cells. This produces new living tissue each year
+ Stem (music), Notation: Musical notation
  * Stems are the lines which extend from the notehead. Stems may point up or down. Different-facing stems indicate the voice for polyphonic music written on the same staff. For single-note melodies, the stems usually point down for notes on the middle line or higher, and up for those below. If the stem points up from a notehead, the stem starts at the right-hand side of the note, but if it points down, it starts from the left. The exception to this rule is when a chord contains a second, in which case the stem runs between the two notes, the higher being placed on the left of the stem and the lower on the right.