ontocord/MixtureVitae-genericsKB huggingface dataset:
### aggregation | galaxy:

Massive galaxy
* Massive galaxies can also act as gravitational lenses.
* More massive galaxies have more gravity so their stars are accelerated to faster orbital speeds
  - massive BHs
  - stronger gravitational forces

Peculiar galaxy
* Many peculiar galaxies turn out to be what are known as active galaxies.
* Peculiar galaxies are generally smaller and optically dimmer than regular galaxies.

Radio galaxy
* Radio galaxies are a part of a larger group of galaxies called active galaxies
  - always elliptical galaxies
  - complex and diverse X-ray emitters
  - driven by non-thermal emission
* Radio galaxies emit radio waves from their central core
  - tremendous amounts of energy at radio wavelength
  - look like standard elliptical galaxies in visible light

Heap
* are extra regions of memory that use pointers but in a very controlled way
  - groupings of memory segments utilized for specific types of processing
* create heat.

### aggregation | heap:

Stack
* are areas of memory which are used by various interrupt service routines
  - important data structures in both systems and applications programming
  - part of libraries
  - piles
  - storage space
* collection of Objects in which only the top item is accessible.
* exposed to wind-driven rain can accumulate moisture and become a fire hazard.
+ Programming language, Types of programming languages, Stack based
  * Stack based languages look at the some of the program's memory like a stack of cards. There are very few things that can be done with a stack. A data item can be put on the top of the stack. A data item can be removed from the top of the stack. You can look at the item at the top of the stack without removing it.

### aggregation | heap | stack:

Sea stack
* begin as part of a headland or sea cliff.
* form when waves bend around a headland of rock that juts out into the sea.
* represent erosional remnants following sea cliff retreat.

### aggregation:

Package
* are collections
  - containers
* are located in mail boxs
  - post offices
  - used for holds
+ Linux Mint, Comparison with Ubuntu: Ubuntu (operating system) derivatives
  * Linux Mint is based on Ubuntu and both distributions have a lot in common. Both distributions use the same software repositories. Most packages are the same on both distributions and the two systems behave almost identically.
+ TNT (couriers), System: Companies
  * All packages are delivered to a local warehouse. A courier collects the packages from the warehouse and delivers them to the address on the package. Couriers will also collect packages from a certain area and take them to the warehouse where they can be sorted and sent to the warehouse nearest the receiver's address.

### aggregation | package:

Beta software
* is software that is being tested to identify bugs
  - currently in development, but stable enough for public usage
  - unfinished and is believed to contain bugs
* refers to a version of the product that is still undergoing such testing.
### aggregation | package | computer programme | browser:

Graphical browser
* Most graphical browsers have a menu button near the top left corner
  - support image insertion
* can display inline images and display text in various type styles.
* enable to delivery multimedia on the web.
* run from any computer that has a direct connection to the Internet.

### aggregation | package | computer programme | browser:

Internet browser
* Most Internet browsers come equipped with a midi player
  - use a cache to speed the loading of commonly accessed web pages
  - internet browsers keep a local copy of every web page they access
* are examples of client software.
* enables computers to locate information on the Internet.
* ignore extra spaces between words.
* place cookies in the memory of the computer being used to access the Web.
* require an Internet connection in theory but can run files locally as well.
* use security protocols to protect confidential messages.
* vary in the features they support.

Modern browser
* All modern browsers store both web pages and images in a disk cache.
* Most modern browsers feature secure, encrypted, connections
  - support secure connections with Web sites
* use a cache to store local copies of images and pages in order to speed access.

Voice browser
* can help visually impaired people by scanning text and reading it aloud.
* use speech synthesis and prerecorded material to present the contents of Web pages.

### aggregation | package | computer programme:

Compiler
* Many compilers have user interfaces to simplify code generation for building other user interfaces.
* are development programs
  - languages that translate between higher level language and binary machine language
  - programs that convert a user program from some source language to machine language
* computer programme
+ Assembly language, Assembly Language and High-Level Languages: Programming languages
  * Programmers writing code in compiled high level languages use a program called a compiler to transform their code into assembly language. Compilers are much harder to write than assemblers are. Also, high-level languages do not always allow programmers to use all the features of the processor. This is because high-level languages are designed to support all processor families. Unlike assembly languages, that only support one type of processor, high-level languages are portable.

### aggregation | package | computer programme | compiler:

Lexicographer
* are involved with the publishing of dictionaries
  - linguists
  - workers
* claim that they construct their dictionaries according to usage patterns.
* is an authoring system for creating multimedia references.
* turn almost always to that standard order-er of language, the alphabet.
* works with text files.
### aggregation | package | computer programme:

Logic bomb
* are programs that have the ability to delete files or reformat hard drives
  - virus programs that are set to activate at a certain time or date
* computer programme
### aggregation | variety:

Apple variety
* Apple varieties differ greatly in their resistance to rust.
* Apple varieties differ in resistance
  - sweetness and skin color
  - their resistance to and susceptibility to rust
  - range in size from a little larger than a cherry to as large as a grapefruit
* Many apple varieties have a tendency to produce an apple crop only every other year.
* Most apple varieties require cross-pollination in order to bear satisfactorily
* Some apple varieties are difficult to pollinate.

Grape variety
* Many grape varieties exist now that existed in the middle ages.
* Some grape varieties improve when blended.

Modern variety
* Modern varieties have immunity to specific races of pests.
* Most modern varieties are autogamous, able to produce seed without help from insect pollinators.

Pecan variety
* Pecan varieties differ in resistance to scab and other diseases
  - widely in their susceptibility to attack
* Pecan varieties vary greatly in their susceptibility to scab
  - in their susceptibility to the scab fungus

Plant variety
* Some plant varieties appear to be resistant to leafminer attack
  - are rust resistant
  - can grow up to nine feet tall
  - do well in potting soil, sand, decorative rocks or pebbles
* is influenced by temperature, elevation and precipitation.
* varies with seasons.

Ragbag
* is variety
* refers to someone wearing their pants loosely hanging.
### aggregation | vegetation:

Dune vegetation
* is able to grow and become stronger with the presence of nutrients from turtle eggs
  - fragile and is easily destroyed by vehicular traffic
* provides nesting areas for several kinds of birds and animals.
### aggregation | vegetation | forest:

Destruction of forests
* implies lesser trees to absorb the greenhouse gas promoting global warming.
* is the second largest cause of global warming.

Eastern forest
* has a different ecology.
* provide critical nesting habitat for Neotropical migratory songbirds.

Equatorial forest
* covers most of the area, varying in composition according to the geomorphology.
* protect the land by regulating rainfall.
* provide homes to an incredible diversity of organisms.

Evergreen forest
* are basically tropical rain forests
  - replaced by deciduous forests as precipitation becomes seasonal
* begin at the water's edge leading to snow-capped peaks.
* cover much of the island.
* have trees with leaves that stay green all year long.
* tend to have a more varied range of wildlife than the deciduous forests.

Forest farming
* provides income while high-quality trees are being grown for wood products.
* uses a forested area for producing speciality crops.
* using managed gardens is conducive for sustainable crop production.

Healthy forest
* are absolutely vital to the health of native species
  - naturally resistant to big attacks
* boost food production.
* mean clean water, clean air, habitat protection and jobs.
* play an important role in protecting native ecosystems and important watersheds.

Indigenous forest
* exists on the higher slopes, where cinnamon and tea are planted.
* is one of the most fascinating and varied habitats in South Africa.

Jungle
* Most jungles grow near rivers or former clearings
  - have at least one group of people who are cannibals
* are chock-full of pine trees, maple trees, and blackberry bushes
  - simply warm forests that are very densely vegetated at the forest floor
* have more light and denser vegetation in the understory.
* is books
  - locations
  - woods
* often grow without limitations or boundaries.
* possesses animals
  - panthers
* vary tremendously from one place to another.

### aggregation | vegetation | forest:

Kelp forest
* are also highly prized for their beauty.
* are among the most productive communities on Earth
  - habitats in the ocean
  - great for sheltering all sorts of marine life, fish, invertebrates seals and sharks
  - large jumbles of seaweed, kelp and algae
  - subject to dynamic changes induced by herbivory
  - very productive and support areas of high plant biomass
* can be big or small.
* draw their name from an analogy to forests on land.
* help defend inter-tidal communities from the pounding surf.
* provide food and habitat for many marine and terrestrial species
  - shelter for an array of organisms
* soften the force of waves against the shoreline.

Laurel forest
* grow only in very humid surroundings.
* is considered to be a living fossil and extinct except in the Macaronesian area.
### aggregation | vegetation | forest:

Natural forest
* act as giant sponges that regulate the flow of water into streams and rivers.
* are critical parts of the ecosystems that maintain global climate stability
  - usually highly diverse ecosystems, supporting millions of species
* die from the acid rain, along with their biologically diverse species.
* has trees from all stages of the life cycle, including dead and decaying trees.
* is precious and increasingly rare.
* preserve the soils on which the entire native forest ecosystem is based.
* supports more wildlife than sun plantations and perhaps more than shade plantations.

Neotropical forest
* are among the most threatened biological systems still in existence.
* can accommodate up to fourteen sympatric primate species.

Old forest
* are full of limbs snapped, and logs laying in transition.
* have more stored carbon in the biomass than young forests.
* stand tall and wildlife is often seen during a game of golf.

Pine forest
* cover a large part of western Oklahoma.
* cover much of northern Ontario
  - the island, and there are many mineral springs
  - parts of many of the islands
* line the mountainsides.
* march right down to the sea.

Primary forest
* are irreplaceable for sustaining tropical biodiversity.
* blankets the lower elevations, while alpine scrub and grasslands occur higher up
  - scrub and grasslands occur up higher
* is old growth forest that shows great biodiversity.
* valuable source of natural medicines.

Public forest
* contain over half of the nation's remaining wildlife habitat.
* provide a place for families to recreate and reconnect with each other.
### aggregation | vegetation | thicket:

Canebrake
* are extremely valuable as feed and cover for wildlife, including birds
  - so dense and vast as to typically exclude any other plants
* have more dark markings and they usually have a middorsal stripe.

Dense thicket
* can prevent conifer establishment over large areas.
* provide good cover for many small birds and mammals.

Tropical vegetation
* covers the rugged landforms.
* varies from grass and scrub to dense groves of fruit trees and coconut palms.

### aggressive weed:

Banana
* can prevent stone formation.
* crop that can be introduced and established very quickly.
* is also a typical climacteric fruit
  - an aggressive weed
  - another fruit which is effective during the menstruation period
  - now one of the most popular of all fruits
  - one of the most fascinating and important of all crops
  - only one of the 'cash crops' grown in developing countries for export markets
  - reported to soothe chigger bites
* reproduce asexually.
* rich source of B vitamins and therefore perks up nerve function.
* stems, e.g., are actually the bases of leaves rolled together.
* tropical plant which grows best under warm conditions.
* usually are harvested after they reached a certain size but are still green.

Agricultural chemical
* Most agricultural chemicals affect health
  - human health
* exert a subtle but pervasive influence on prairie wetlands.
* flow into reivers, and it pollutes ground water and ocean.
* poison our soils and our waters and harm people.
### agricultural pests:

European starling
* are agricultural pests
  - cavity nesters
  - lowland birds
  - social birds, flocking at all times with other starlings
  - tenacious, energetic birds that can be aggressive when feeding or nesting
  - widespread across North America
* build their nests in natural or artificial cavities.
* can also spread bird mites to poultry on farms.
* construct their nests of grasses, twigs, and moss.
* eat a wide variety of foods.
* feed primarily on insects and small invertebrates.
* prefer to forage in open habitats, such as short grasslands and pastures.
* take most of their food from on or just below the ground surface.

### air pollution:

Miasm
* are the foundation of all chronic diseases.
* is air pollution

Air quality
* Some air quality relates to health
  - public health
* affects health, tourism, livelihood, and the environment
  - some people more than others
  - the water in which many amphibians live
* are problems are worst in the summer, when sun and high temperatures create more ozone.
* becomes concern.
* can impact feed efficiency
  - influence the health of a community s citizenry
* determines the amount of oxygen available to our bodies from our breathing.
* is an important component of environmental health and safety
  - issue that literally affects literally everyone who lives here
  - changed when some type of contaminant is introduced into the air
  - correlated with air exchange rates and air distribution methods
  - enhanced by the dynamics of farmland
  - fundamental to the health of our people, nature and our economy
  - impacted by vehicle emissions
* is important to long term economic growth for three reasons
  - long-term economic growth for three reasons
  - in large part a function of the weather and atmospheric conditions
  - linked with population growth, travel behavior and technology improvements
  - reported as a percentage of the federal health standard for a pollutant
* primary concern as greenhouses contain people as well as plants.
* remains a significant issue with respect to land use and transportation planning.
### alignment:

True prosperity
* comes from understanding and living by the spiritual laws that govern our world
  - through the growth of the soul
* includes sharing and has a way of growing rather than diminishing.

True spirituality
* covers all of reality.
* demands personal awareness and responsibility.
* is freedom from fear, the fear of mortality.
* reveals itself in the living of life every day of the week.

Alkali
* Some alkalies cause burns
  - skin burns
* Some alkalies destroy live tissue
  - produce enzymes
  - promote health
* also have a tendency to darken aluminum surfaces.
* are a type of base
  - also compounds that react and neutralise acids
  - bases that dissolve in water
  - corrosive
  - often present in phosphor inks to prevent polymerization prior to the printing
  - salt
  - soluble salts that are effective in removing dirt without excessive rubbing
  - the opposite of acids
* become less alkaline when they are combined with acids.
* can burn skin, eyes and respiratory tract severely
  - damage skin and fabrics, corrode and darken aluminum
* cause the most severe injury due to rapid tissue penetration.
* change the color of litmus from red to blue.
* even reverse the change in color that occurs when litmus comes in contact with an acid.
* form a cloudy solution.
* have a corrosive or irritating effect on living tissue
  - high pH's
* penetrate the skin slowly.
* readily combine with it
  - remove oily dirt

### alkali:

Imidazole
* are active against dermatophyte, candida and pityrosporum infections.
* impair the biosynthesis of ergosterol for the cytoplasmic membrane of fungi.
* is an alkali

### alkali:

Purine
* All purines share the basic nine-membered ring structure shown below.
* are a type of protein found in a variety of vegetables and meats
  - an important component of proteins
  - chemicals found in foods such as alcohol, seafood, and organ meats
  - double ring structures
  - foods such as liver, dried beans and peas, anchovies, and gravies
* are found in high amounts in animal food products, such as liver and sardines
  - naturally in many foods
  - planar, fused N-containing rings
  - six-membered rings attached to five membered rings
  - substances found in food, which, when broken down produce a lot of uric acid
  - the building blocks of DNA and thus, are essential for life
  - well known in humans as being a contributing factor in Gout
* have a pyrimidine connected to a imiadizolel
  - two ring structures
* is amine
  - chemical compounds

Strong alkali
* Some strong alkalies cause burns
* Some strong alkalies destroy live tissue

Thymine
* comes from thymus gland.
* is chemical compounds
  - one of the four nitrogen bases
* nucleotide , which means it's part of the rungs on the ladder-shaped DNA molecule.

### alkaline:

Sodium oxide
* is alkaline.
* reacts with carbon dioxide to form sodium carbonate.
### allergic reaction:

Atopic allergy
* is allergic reaction
* tendency to produce allergic antibodies and to potentially develop allergies.
### almost perfect enzyme:

Alkaline phosphatase
* accumulates and eventually escapes into the bloodstream.
* are a family of enzymes that are present throughout the body.
* generates a yellow color when reacting with the substrate.
* good, sensitive, general purpose detection method.
* is an almost perfect enzyme
  - enzyme found primarily in bones and the liver
* is an enzyme in all tissues
  - the blood, intestines, liver, and bone cells
  - made in bone
  - which cleaves organic P making it available for cellular uptake
  - inexpensive method of checking for osteoblastic activity
  - attached to the outside of bone-forming cells called osteoblasts
  - conjugated to an antifluorescein tertiary antibody
  - elevated in about one-third of patients
  - expressed in liver, kidneys, intestine and leukocytes as well as bone
  - normal
* is produced by many tissues
  - primarily by the liver, and is important for bone formation
  - the earliest to become abnormal

### almost uniformly elevated:

Liver enzyme
* are almost uniformly elevated
  - also normal
  - proteins produced by the liver
* can convert a chemical that is OK to a carcinogen.
* show elevated transaminase.

### alphabets:

Cyrillic alphabet
* are alphabets.
* is used in Etruscan.

Alteration
* Some alteration occurs in animals.
* affects functions
  - properties
* can occur in the controlling mechanisms of genes as well as in the genes themselves.
* creates effects.
* do occur in chromosomes either in sets or in their structure.
* has disruptive effects
* includes replacements.
* is an occurrence
* is caused by activities
  - human activities
  - their taste
* leads to adjustment
  - cascade effects
  - indirect effects
* makes effects.
* mays have causes.
* requires adjustment.
* results from extractions
  - in variation
* spells that change living things.
* takes the form of sericite, pyrite and less commonly clays.
### alteration:

Compaction
* Most compaction affects density
  - plant density
* Some compaction affects nutrient uptake.
  - the preparation of building sites for construction, and roadbeds for paving
* also reduces internal drainage which causes wet, poorly aerated soils
  - restricts root growth and prevents the plants from getting water and nutrients
* are most common in the youngest plant fossils.
* can also result in the changing of the proportion of pore sizes
  - dramatically cut yields and affect profits
  - influence plant nutrition, pest problems and control as well as plant growth
  - occur when heavy equipment is driven over wet ground
  - reduce yield by reducing the quality, weight and size of the fruit
* changes the amount and size of pores.
* commonly results in water moving into and through the soil more slowly.
* decreases infiltration and thus increases runoff and the hazard of water erosion
  - soil porosity, destroying soil structure and aggregate characteristics
  - water infiltration
* describes how tightly the spaces in the soil are packed together.
* forces the same amount of fabric into a smaller area.
* goes along with trampling vegetation.
* impedes root growth.
* increases as the soil water content increases.
* increases the bulk density by reducing the pore space
  - resistance of soil to penetration by tillage equipment and plant roots
* inhibits crop growth by preventing root growth
  - germination and emergence
* is another factor that affects drainage
  - problem that can induce manganese deficiency
  - caused by traveling on wet soil or by heavy equipment
  - concentration
  - critical to reducing the permeability of the mat to give it greater fatigue life
  - enhanced in areas of high to excessive soil moisture that receives traffic
  - frequently a problem with clay soil
  - important to the appearance and longevity of asphalt
  - measured in terms of bulk density and soil strength
  - the job of the large intestines
  - when soil is packed down
* occurs as the weight of the overlying material increases
  - during the third cleavage
  - when media is packed into the pot
* poor soil structure problem.
* prevents the soil from absorbing rainwater
  - water seeping into the soil and prevents adequate drainage
* problem in clay soils.
* produces a more closely packed arrangement of grains.
* reduces the amount of air, water, and space available to roots and soil organisms.
* reduces the porosity and increases the bulk density of soils
  - the pore sizes
  - porosity, the addition of grit and organic matter increases it
  - quantity of large, gas-containing pore spaces in soils
  - soilms ability to take up water and increases runoff
  - uptake of water and nutrients by plants by restricting their root depth
  - water holding capacity by reducing the number and size of soil pores
* refers to properly compacting the soil to prevent water-saturation, or piping.
* requires the expulsion of pore water.
* results when the pressure from a heavy object is applied to the surface of the soil.
* strongly affects phosphorus uptake because phosphorus is very immobile in soil.
### alteration | compaction:

Soil compaction
* Most soil compaction affects density
  - is caused by construction equipment
* Some soil compaction affects nutrient uptake
  - causes infiltrations
* Some soil compaction decreases aeration
  - soil aeration
  - destroys soil structures
  - logical consequence of the hoof action of ungulates on the soil surface
* Some soil compaction reduces growth
  - tree growth
* can affect nutrient availability
  - also be a problem, especially when the ground is wet
  - be a severe limiting factor on soils high in low-activity clays
  - have both desirable and undesirable effects on plant growth
  - reduce crop yields
* common problem which is limiting in the selection and management of vegetation
  - the selection and placement of crops
* is by far the most common way construction damage can harm and kill trees
  - caused by tilling, harvesting, or grazing when the soils are wet
  - one of the biggest problems a tree root can have
* is the cause for the loss of many trees on construction sites
  - result of soil particles moving closer together due to applied loads
  - second most frequent cause of stand loss
* major disturbance of soil aggregation.
* makes it harder for the grass to grow and thus easier for the weeds to compete.
* occurs below the surface, so it's hard to spot
  - when the soil structure collapses
* prevents the airflow around the system and can also lead to erosion
  - roots of the grass from penetrating the soil
* reduces aeration and water penetration which present problems for plants
  - earthworm tunneling
* restricts water movement, air movement and limits how deep grass roots can grow.
* serious, yet often invisible soil degradation process.
* suffocates roots and can eventually kill the tree.
### alteration | compression:

Data compression
* fundamental computer science issue.
* has important application in the areas of data transmission and data storage
  - of file storage and distributed systems
  - many uses, especially in modern networking environments
* increases the number of processor cycles.
* is achieved by the use of two techniques called merging and subtraction
  - an essential enabling technology in the information age
  - the act of taking a given file and making it smaller
  - used both for storage and transmission of data
* makes a file use less space by eliminating repetitive bits of information.
* part of the data preprocessing from each of the sensor sets.

Digital compression
* makes it possible to have many channels on a single satellite.
* uses various techniques to get acceptable image quality in a smaller package.

File compression
* is quite common on data networks since it saves hard disk space and transfer time
  - used to format and size a digital picture file
* makes files smaller so that they take up less space on a hard disk.
* means of reducing file size by encoding the file contents.
* reduces the size of a file and the time it takes to download.
* technique used to reduce the size of the file.
* type of computer shorthand.

High compression
* forming is used to provide a mechanically and electrically sound termination.
* is especially valuable in restricted engines as a means of boosting horsepower.
* reduces muscle vibration, a major cause of muscle fatigue.

Image compression
* is achieved by decorrelating the pixels of an image.
* is also important in storing large amount of data
  - one of the essential tools of space exploration
  - used to minimize the amount of memory needed to represent an image
* reduces the amount of information that has to be transmitted.

Lossless compression
* is used for data and program compression
  - program and dat files
  - on program and datafiles
* makes files smaller without losing data.

Static compression
* causes cells to stop.
* is associated with decreased diffusivity of dextrans in cartilage explants.

Text compression
* focuses on finding ways to represent actual text in less space.
* is regarded as a distinct problem from character encoding.

Video compression
* CPU and memory intensive process.
* begins by reducing the amount of information within an individual frame.
* different application on video, and calls for real-time decompression.

Wavelet compression
* allows for fast data transfer with high image quality.
* has yet to make a major impact on the transmission of images.
* is symmetric, compressing and decompressing quite quickly.
* is used to enable fast image transmission over existing hospital networks
  - speed access and to store studies
* relatively new technique for compressing graphics and videos.
### alteration | damage | deformation | strain:

Repetitive strain
* affects the neck and upper extremity.
* can lead to chronic injuries and disease.

Direct damage
* are the losses suffered as the immediate result of wrongful conduct.
* can also occur if the spinal cord is pulled, pressed sideways, or compressed
  - result from aphid feeding
* is caused by a group of insects feeding directly on a fabric
  - the loss of plant sap
* is caused by the removal of sap, and indirect damage as a disease vector
  - the damage in the impact area
* means breaking corals and kicking up sediments.

Economic damage
* Most economic damage is caused by larvae feeding on the underground parts of the plants.
* Some economic damage is caused by dogs
  - midges
* are medical bills, lost wages, etc
  - the amount of wages and benefits lost as the result of discrimination
* comes from taxes that change people's behaviour.
* is that which equals or exceeds the cost of an insecticide treatment.
* occurs in areas.

Endothelial damage
* is the presumed basis for strokes
  - usually the initiator for platelet aggregation - thrombus formation
* occurs at the site of coronary artery narrowing.

Environmental damage
* Most environmental damage is caused by humans.
* Some environmental damage is caused by production
  - water
* affects surrounding, non-warring countries extensively, as does refugee flight.
* can occur as chemical contamination due to pesticide use.
* consequence of combat.
* is also a major concern of planned economies
  - often worse in countries and in areas with human rights abuses

Genetic damage
* can lead to the development of cancer
  - take several generations to appear
* distinguishing feature of cancer cells.
* is irreversible.
* progresses, resulting in undesirable conditions such as cancer.

Hurricane damage
* influences foliar phenolics and subsequent herbivory on surviving trees
  - polyphenolics and the subsequent herbivory on surviving trees
* is due to both wind and water.

Indirect damage
* can occur as the growth of sooty mold associated with honeydew production.
* is caused by the excretion of copious amounts of honeydew where sooty molds grow
  - when insects feed on spilled food or perspiration on the fabric
  - the damage spreading away from the point of impact

### alteration | damage:

Insect damage
* Most insect damage occurs after acorn fall
  - on the trunk and branches of dogwoods
* can be difficult to spot
  - increase infection by wounding the plant and allowing fungi to enter
  - reduce product yield and affect the quality of the fruit, especially appearance
* combined with wet grain and fluctuating temperatures commonly lead to mold growth.
* increases crop sensitivity to herbicide injury and frost damage.
* is also less in dry, stored soybeans
  - always a risk when they are around
  - easier to identify than diseases

Irreversible damage
* can occur in the time period of a few days.
* leads to conditions.

Light damage
* Some light damages phytoplankton.
* can cause bleaching and other forms of discoloration to wood surfaces.
### alteration | shear:

Wind shear
* Most wind shears result in motion.
* can also create wave
  - occur at high or low altitude
* causes air near the surface to rotate horizontally.
* change in the force or direction of wind from one atmospheric level to the next
  - wind's direction, or speed, or both, with height
  - wind speed with height
* describes the increase in wind speed related to an increase in height.
* difference in wind speed and direction over a set distance in the atmosphere.
* has a major impact on tropical cyclone intensity.
* is also a hazard for aircraft making steep turns near the ground
  - key factor in the creation of severe thunderstorms
* is an important aspect of a squall line
  - to measuring the potential of squall line severity and duration
  - factor in predicting the intensity of a cyclone
  - any sudden change of speed or direction in wind flow
  - basically the change of wind speed or direction over a given distance
  - change in wind speed with direction and height
  - greatest where jet stream is present
  - often the most critical factor controlling hurricane formation and destruction
* is the change of wind speed and direction
  - difference in wind velocity at upper and low levels in the atmosphere
  - vital in the formation of powerful, long-lasting and consequently severe storms
* refers to a change in wind speed or direction with height in the atmosphere
  - the variation of wind over either horizontal or vertical distances
* sharp change in wind direction or speed that can occur during strong thunderstorms
  - difference in wind speed at different levels in the atmosphere
* weather phenomenon that results in a sudden burst of wind over a short distance.

### alteration:

Surprise
* can involve laughs
  - scares
  - shocks
* causes a desire to thinks.
* disruption in one's belief system, or an admission of ignorance.
* is Arizona's seventh largest town, when it comes to number of square miles it covers
  - amazement
  - an event that takes place in the mind of a commander
  - astonishment
  - emotion
* is located in boxs
  - mail boxs
* is motivated by the goal of delighteds
  - likes
  - reaction
  - one of the eight basic emotions
  - the linkage of desire to uncertainty
### alteration | transformation:

Adjustment
* family and household process.
* has advantage
  - yield advantage
* improves accuracy.
* increases chances.
* is calibrations
  - improvement
* key word when talking about grief.
+ Molecular clock: Evolutionary biology :: Paleontology
  * The 'molecular clock' is a technique which estimates when two taxa diverged in evolution. It is based on comparing the detailed structure of key molecules. The method may be done for species, or any higher taxon, such as phyla. Adjustments are made by using what is known of the fossil record. The molecular data used for such calculations is often nucleotide sequences in genome analysis, or amino acid sequences for proteins such as haemoglobin. It is sometimes called a 'gene clock' or 'evolutionary clock'.

### alteration | transformation | adjustment:

Acclimatisation
* evokes several physiological adaptations that benefit performance.
* is adjustment

Chiropractic adjustment
* allow the bones of the spine return to a more normal position and motion.
* are safer than aspirin, muscle relaxers and back surgery.
* benefit the body's physiology, according to some studies.
* help restore the structure and function of our bodies.

Dietary adjustment
* can sometimes help prevent recurring yeast infections.
* is the mainstay of therapy.

Seasonal adjustment
* adjusts for patterns that occur within a year.
* is allowance.
* technique that eliminates seasonal variation from the economic data
  - used to eliminate seasonal variation among economic data

Structural adjustment
* dynamic process which has to become more responsive to social needs.
* is adaptation to a new world
  - used to force poor countries to service insurmountable debts
  - wealth concentration and plunder

### alteration | transformation | adjustment:

Temperament
* Some temperaments are especially prone to have peer problems.
* acts as a buffer against risk in the context of stressful conditions.
* are the emotional attributes of personality.
* determines how a child approaches a given situation.
* involves a person's characteristic behavior.
* is adjustment
  - each person's first and most natural way of responding to the world
  - emotional habit
  - emotionality
  - nature
  - variable through the lifespan
* often changes as a dog matures.
* plays an important role in family life.
* recognizes the spectrum of human behavior styles.
* refers to emotional reactivity
  - how a child reacts to a situation
  - stable individual differences in quality and intensity of emotional reaction
* transforms biological impulses into psychological wishes and attitudes.
* vary from species to species and from fish to fish
  - somewhat within the different breeds of guard dogs

Affine transformation
* are generalizations of Euclidean transformations.
* is transformation
### alteration | transformation:

Attenuation
* Some attenuation depends on temperature
  - occurs when microwave energy passes through trees and frame houses
* can be a very serious problem in transmitting voice and data
  - significant when digital signals traverse copper at high frequencies
* cis acting regulatory control.
* describes how cables reduce the strength of a signal with distance.
* has a direct relationship with frequency and cable length.
* is achieved through dielectric conductive loss, magnetic loss or both.
* is loss of power
  - virulence
  - signal loss due to the diminishing availability of signal energy, or signal power
* is the decrease of sound intensity with distance
  - degradation of signal over distance
  - lessening of light over a distance
* is the loss of intensity
  - optical energy a signal experiences as it travels through optical fiber
  - power that occurs in a signal as it travels across the cable
  - opposite of amplification
  - tendency of a signal to get weaker with distance
  - very dependent on signal frequency
  - weakness
* measure of the decrease in a propagated signal through a substance.
* normally increases with frequency in a given material.
* occurs with any type of signal, whether digital or analog.
* provides a secondary mechanism for controlling expression of the trp operon.
* refers to the percent of the light that is absorbed per unit length of fiber optic.
* requires coupling of transcription and translation.
* varies with excitation frequency and material
  - the wavelength of light

### alteration | transformation | attenuation:

Natural attenuation
* is more effective if it can take place in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions
  - one of the least expensive forms of site remediation
* relies on the breakdown of contaminants into less harmful components.
### alteration | transformation | conversion:

Gene conversion
* occurs only when there is heterozygosity for two different alleles of the gene
  - when one sequence is copied to match a second, usually similar, sequence
* plays the major role in controlling the stability of large tandem repeats in yeast.

Intellectual conversion
* has to do with letting go of belief in the immediate world.
* transforms random beliefs into a coherent belief system.

Proselytism
* are conversions
  - persuasions
* growing controversy, especially in Eastern Europe.
* is forbidden by law
  - forbidden, as is the distribution of religious material
* relies on force.

Religious conversion
* destroys centuries-old communities and incites communal violence.
* is violence and it breeds violence.
* move from disinterest to curiosity about the universe.

### alteration | transformation | conversion:

Transmutation
* currently exists in theory.
* is the process by which one element changes into another
  - of renumbering an immutable rule
* means to change - to alter in form, appearance or nature.
* occurs naturally, and it can be produced artificially.
* process entirely different from suppression of emotion
  - which turns radioactive waste into non-radioactive substances
* processes that neutralize radioactive waste.
* requires a nuclear reactor of some type to generate the requisite flux of neutrons.
* scientific process that turns radioactive waste into non-radioactive substances.
* simply means transforming one element or isotope into another.
* takes place when there change in the number of protons in a nucleus.

### alteration | transformation:

Energy transformation
* Some energy transformations take place in complex chains.
* has importance.
* is an important concept in the application of the physical sciences.
* is the change of energy from one form to another
  - process of changing energy from one form to another
  - when a form of energy changes into another
* occur at both micro- and macro levels
  - everywhere every second of the day
* occur in such a way that entropy always increases
  - the process of toasting a bagel in an electric toaster

Personal transformation
* can occur overnight or gradually over many years.
* is more than a work about individual happiness or individual enlightenment.

Social transformation
* begins with personal transformation.
* can also modify inheritance customs to a great extent.
### alteration | transformation:

Sublimation
* Some sublimation occurs at room temperature
* can whittle away an ice core.
* change in state from solid directly to a gas
  - of phase, directly, from solid to gas
* involves the use of the energy of sex in creative endeavor.
* is actually the reverse process where ice transforms directly to water vapour
  - also the principle behind freeze-drying food
  - an occurrence
  - common in several substances, including carbon dioxide and iodine
  - part of the royal art where the true gold is made
* is the change of a solid directly into a gas without first becoming a liquid
  - substance from the solid state directly to a vapor
  - state from solid directly to gas or vice versa
  - channeling of unacceptable impulses into more acceptable outlets
  - gas-solid phase transition
* is the process by which a solid forms directly from vapor
  - solid substances changes to a gas
  - solid turns directly to a gas without first melting
  - in which it turns from a solid directly into a gas
* is the process of converting a solid directly to a gas
  - going directly from a solid to a gas
  - whereby ice, or snow, evaporates without melting
  - to explain the process by which one thing is symbolically substituted for another
  - used in industry to purify substances
  - when a solid changes to a gas or when a gas changes to a solid
* occurs when ice and snow change directly to.
* phase transition from solid to gas without a transition to liquid.
* rather slower process than evaporation.
* requires additional energy and is an endothermic change.
* technique used by chemists to purify compounds.
* works well with certain types of materials, such as polyester.

Wavelet transformation
* enables images to be coded in a continuous datastream.
* powerful tool for the analysis and synthesis of signals.
### alteration | variation:

Adaptive variation
* is supposed to alter the behavior of a protein.
* occurs at levels.

Antigenic variation
* frequent event with type A influenza viruses, often occurring every year.
* has important implications for the development of vaccines.
* is caused mostly by point mutations but also by recombination
  - prevalent among pathogenic viruses as well

Business cycle
* are a fact of life
  - less volatile in rich countries than in poor ones
* is variation
* vary by company and industry.

Climatic variation
* Some climatic variation affects conditions.
* affect snowpack characteristics, which in turn affect avalanche activity.
* has a large impact on both terrestrial and aquatic resources.
* plays an important part in determining fire occurrence and severity.
* result because of the influence of the monsoon winds
  - in disparity among preferred forages by horses

Clinal variation
* depend on the activity of a large number of genes.
* refers to a gradual change in some feature across geography.

Considerable variation
* exists in plant resistance.
* exists in the onset, duration and speed of sexual maturity in children
  - ways in which cadmium in food is regulated in other countries
* occurs in the configuration of the lymph trunks.

### alteration | variation:

Deviation
* are due to collisions, craters, etc.
* causes problems.
* is abnormalities
  - both the excess of rationality and irrationality
  - problems with balance and gait
  - statistics
* is the average distance of each item from the line that best fits the data
  - difference between the mean and an observed value
  - distance of each measurement away from the mean
* is the error in the compass caused by the ship's magnetism
  - reading caused by magnetic sources on the boat or the crew
* occur in random-bred progenies, but they are particularly striking in inbred families.

### alteration | variation | deviation:

Outlier
* are data that are far away from the central tendency of the data
  - deviation
  - residents
  - the points in the data set that lie out side the box and whisker plot
  - values that are unusually far from the trend curve - i.e
* can greatly affect the magnitudes of correlation coefficients.
* is deviation
* term used to describe data points that are considered to be extremes in a set of data.
### alteration | variation | deviation:

Standard deviation
* Is a measure that determines the volatility of a fund over a period of time.
* are a problem with multiple crossovers.
* common way to measure volatility.
* does make some intuitive sense as a measure of risk.
* indicates how close to the mean the observations are.
* is an average distance from the mean of the observations in a data set
  - calculated by first calculating the mean of a group of data points
* is one measure of risk
  - standard deviation from the mean
  - simply the square root of the variance
* is the most common measure of variability in a set of data
  - positive square root of variance
* is the square root of the vaiance
  - square-root of the variance
* is used to measure the dispersion, or difference, in a set of numbers
  - volatility of a stock
* mathematical tool used in statistical calculations.
* mathematically determined figure to account for variances from the average.
* measure of consistency of the statistics
  - dispersion around the average
* measure of how data varies from the mean and is given by the formula
  - far the numbers in a series diverge from each other
  - much the marks are spread about the mean raw score
  - tightly values lie around the average of all the values
  - volatile a fund's returns are
  - widely a series of measurements is spread around the mean
  - the 'typical' distance from the mean
* measures the range in a fund's performance, usually over a three-year period
  - risk, or volatility, of rates of return
  - spread of from the mean
  - variability of a set of numbers
* provide additional information about the distribution of values about the mean.
* shows the degree of variation in a fund's returns.
* statistical term that provides a good indication of volatility.

Diurnal variation
* appear to be altered when high clouds are present above low clouds.
* are greatest on clear days.
* is variation

Environmental variation
* can affect perception in other robots as well.
* shapes sexual dimorphism in red deer.