### person | adult | doctor:

Surgeon
* Many surgeons also remove and test some of the underarm lymph nodes for possible spread of cancer
  - use intravenous sedation or analgesia as an adjunct to the local anesthetic
  - concentrate on one or two types of bunion procedures
  - recommend surgery for cosmetic purposes only
  - use intraoperative ultrasound to localize lesions deep to the brain surface
* Most surgeons advocate use of surgical dressings to minimize risk of graft loss
  - allow patients to wash their hair after three days
  - also remove the lymph nodes under the arm
  - are busy people, who are intimately involved in the day to day care of their patients
  - assess the optimal size of the gastric pouch visually
  - cut or destroy a specific nerve called the Sympathetic nerve trunk or ganglion
  - freeze the skin with a refrigerant before abrading it for better results
  - make the incision at or near the limbus
  - nowadays practice at one or more local hospitals
  - repair the hole in the diaphragm via the abdomen
* Most surgeons use jeweler's forceps or similar small nontoothed forceps to insert grafts
  - magnifying loupes to aid the dissection of grafts
  - one of the branches of the axillary vascular system, the thoracodorsal vessels
* Some surgeons advocate retro-bulbar anesthesia
  - apply medicine to the eye during surgery to help lower the risk of recurrence
* Some surgeons believe that splitting the muscle helps closure of the abdomen
  - the anatomical implants produces a more natural shape to the breast
  - do remove the right kidney by the lap technique
  - excise the excess skin and the mass beneath the skin
  - have either no personalities, or malignant ones
  - like to use incisional techniques to treat astigmatism
  - perform knee resurfacing with knee replacement
  - practice where operation X is common
* Some surgeons prefer to use general anesthesia for facelifts
  - stitches that dissolve
  - using a general anesthetic
  - recommend bleaching agents in all patients and before surgery
  - reshape the cartilage by cutting the cartilage
  - specialize in operating on different areas of the body
  - use a homograft of the proximal aorta and aortic valve instead of synthetic materials
* Some surgeons use a needle to insert and tease grafts gently into place
  - insert graft and gently tease the graft into place
* Some surgeons use an endoscope to perform discectomy
  - incision in the navel and burrow up under the skin into the breast area
  - laser to evaporate the endometriosis
  - new methods, especially when removing small tumors
  - no postoperative dressing and have patients wear a baseball cap
  - nurse anesthetists and some give anesthesia themselves
  - one incision, some two
* actually pull part of the stomach up and wrap it around the lower esophagus.
* add water to create a bone paste that can be molded and shaped.
* already use pig heart valves to replace human heart valves that wear out.
* also perform kidney transplants to replace diseased kidneys with healthy ones
  - rely heavily on their sense of touch when cutting or suturing tissues
  - restore blood flow by transferring veins and arteries with the fibula
  - treat a wide variety of cancers
  - use laser coagulators to halt capillary bleeding
* are doctors on the cutting edge
  - who perform surgery to remove as much cancerous tissue as they can
  - famous for mumbling and speaking softly
  - often on the front line of fighting cancer
  - physicians who operate
  - the gods of medicine
* attach new blood vessels to bridge blocked arteries on the surface of the heart.
* begin to use plastic surgery in private practices for cosmetic purposes.
* can also reposition bones to help correct deformities
  - cut the jawbone apart, leaving the blood supply intact
  - improve the joints in young dogs by making changes to the shape of the femur or pelvis
  - perform bypasses on multiple arteries, depending on the number of blockages
  - reach many parts of the body through laparoscopy
  - remove some parts of the brain without affecting how it functions
  - repair or replace damaged joints with artificial ones
* can replace a damaged heart with a healthy one taken from a deceased donor
  - damaged joints, improving mobility for many patients
  - painful arthritic joints with artificial ones
  - see individual glands if they know what to look for
  - suture parts of the eyelid together to reduce the amount of exposure of the eye
* care for the dying routinely.
* cause problems when they assume that every ailment can be cured by cutting.
* commonly acquire three-dimensional MRIs before operating on brain tumors.
* employ a wide range of techniques, ranging from breast tissue expansion to tissue transfer.
* frequently take healthy flesh with the cancer.
* have decades of experience with artificial implants
  - jobs
  - the primary responsibility for the care of injury victims
  - to break facial bones and cut through tendons to reach tumors
* learn by practicing on cadavers and animals, for example.
* manipulate their instruments through other small incisions.
* normally wash their hands in wooden buckets nurses have filled at nearby wells or streams.
* now operate on fetuses to repair structural defects.
* often repair aneurysms to prevent rupture, which can be life-threatening
  - resort to cortisone to promote healing
* operate on a patient who is halfway around the world
  - without gloves
* perform breast biopsy, lumpectomy, and mastectomy on breast cancer patients
  - bypass surgery to treat severe blockages in the coronary arteries
  - operations that are at the forefront of saving lives
* rely on the steady hand of a robotic arm to assist in brain surgery.
* remove damaged cartilage and bone and replace it with healthy donor tissue
  - healthy blood vessels from another part of the body, such as the leg or chest wall
  - the portion of intestines with gangrene and connect the healthy ends
* routinely perform laser surgery that results in less bleeding and faster healing time.
* stretch the vocal cords in hopes of raising their frequency to a more female-like pitch.
* then connect the blood vessels and allow blood to flow through the heart and lungs.
* tie off and sever the blood vessels leading to each organ system.
* train on live pigs.
* treat diseases, injuries, and deformities by operating on the body
  - injuries, diseases, and deformities through operations
* use LA resection for cancers near the upper part of the rectum, close to the colon
  - dissection during surgery
  - fabbers to model patients' bone structure before taking scalpel to skin
  - lasers to cap the ends of the nerves
  - many different kinds of bandage
  - microsurgical techniques to remove or biopsy orbital tumors
  - silicone in many parts of the body
* use the hemoglobin levels as a trigger point for transfusing blood components
  - laser to punch tiny holes in the heart muscle, restoring some blood flow
  - their skills to save people's lives in the operating room
  - ultrasound to guide a probe through the liver to the tumor
* wear sterile caps, masks, gowns and gloves.