### condition | immunity:

Innate immunity
* is non-specific
  - present at birth and provides the first barrier against microorganisms
* is the first line of defence against microorganisms
  - host's first line of defense in recognition and response to non-self
  - system of defense that every human is born with
* nonspecific, first-line response to bacterial and other pathogenic challenge.
* starts with the skin , which is an excellent barrier to infection.
+ Immunology, Types of immunity in vertebrates, Innate immune response

Judicial immunity
* depends upon the performance of a judicial function.
* extends to prosecutors for acts performed in initiating prosecutions.

Natural immunity
* is genetically determined resistance at birth
  - initiated and expanded by meningococcal colonization of the nasopharynx
* refers to the protection an animal has when it is born.

### condition | immunity:

Passive immunity
* Some passive immunity is transmitted to offspring.
* is acquired by new-born ungulates by ingestion of immunoglobulins from colostrum
  - receiving antibodies from someone
  - based on ready-made antibodies
  - provided by the transfer of antibodies from an immune to a nonimmune organism
  - short-lived but interferes with the production of active immunity
  - typically short-lived and usually persists only a few weeks or months
* occurs when the body acquires injected antibodies.
* provides effective protection

### condition | immunity:

Sovereign immunity
* can introduce legal complications into contracts.
* defense to a claim of personal jurisdiction.
* extends to tribal officials acting within their scope of authority.
* fundamental right of every Indian nation.
* gives the tribe status as a nation and immunity from certain legal challenges.
* goes back many centuries, to the time when kings ruled by divine right.
* is discharge
  - exemption
  - jurisdictional immunity from suit
* protects the state from suit unless immunity is expressly waived by statute.

Specific immunity
* function of lymphocytes.
* protects against only a single pathogen.

Impairment
* Hearing loss is common to many older persons.
* Some impairment is caused by alcohol.
* are problems in body function or structure as a significant deviation or loss
  - the cognitive and affective abnormalities associated with psychiatric disorders
* begins long before intoxication.
* causes fatigue.
* is an occurrence
  - damage
* leads to accumulation.
* limits activities.
* shows evidence.

### condition | impairment:

Cognitive impairment
* Many cognitive impairments are quite common, such as attention difficulties and dyslexia.
* can also occur, especially in later stages of the illness
  - be congenital or the result of a head injury, stroke, or disease
  - influence the reliability of results
  - interfere with functional performance
  - occur at any age
  - result in poor concentration and decreased motor skills
* hinders the assessment of pain and pain management by health care staff.
* is an important modifier in determining pharmacologic intervention.
* is common after brain damage, and major source of long-term disability
  - to both diseases
  - commonly feature of multiple sclerosis
  - present in delirium and dementia
* major obstacle to pain assessment.
* risk factor for injurious falls.

Functional impairment
* focuses on the physiological losses to the body.
* is proportional to the length of involved segment and degree of stenosis.

Memory impairment
* is often an early symptom of the disorder, followed by judgment impairment
  - pronounced, particularly difficulty forming new memories
* occurs in both delirium and dementia.

Mental impairment
* is even more common among children with spastic quadriplegia
  - most common in children with spastic quadriplegia
* occurs late in the course of the disease but some patients lose language early.