### substance | sponge:

Calcareous sponge
* Many calcareous sponges have a syconoid plan of construction.
* Most calcareous sponges exhibit slight or no contractility.
* Some calcareous sponges have spicules.
* have spicules made of calcium carbonate
  - of calcium carbonates, the material of marble and limestone

Marine sponge
* Some marine sponges are of commer- cial importance
  - produce buds
* are the most ancient group of multicellular animalsliving on Earth.
* come from fisheries in the Mediterranean and West Indies.
* release external buds after a discrete period of development.

Sea sponge
* Most sea sponges contain minerals
  - sea minerals
* Some sea sponges have ranges.
* are animals in the Phylum Porifera.
* is the more specific name in common use, rather than jargon or informal use.

Tube sponge
* Tube Sponges have male and female organs and reproduce sexually.
* are common in both shallow and deeper portions of coral reef ecosystems
  - well known for very varied coloration

### substance:

Stalk
* Any stalk rot can result in wilting and death of the plants.
* Most stalks absorb enough water
* Most stalks have grooves
  - growth
  - leaves
  - seed production
  - structures
  - texture
  - make plants
* Most stalks produce alternate leaves
  - flowers
  - green leaves
  - seeds
  - shape flowers
  - reach height
  - serve functions
* Most stalks support large leaves
  - solitary flowers
* Some stalk rot pathogens attack the plant early in the season while others attack late.
* Some stalks contain juice
  - pollen
  - spores
  - soak in water
* also appear to function to obtain nutrients from the water.
* are gaits
  - highest in nitrate content, followed in order by leaves and grain in decreasing amounts
  - hunts
  - pursuits
  - small in diameter or have a large surface area per unit of weight
* can also occur due to natural maturity of the plants
  - grow up to ten feet tall
  - hold a stunning amount of water
* contain hentriacontane, taraxerone, taraxerol, b -sitosterol, and betulin.
* have crunchy texture
* is the filament, anther is the sac of pollen.
* provide delicious food
  - enough food
* rot causes stalks to become weakened, so they fall over from wind, rain or snow
  - developing from a crown infection
  - fungi usually enter through the roots or through insect injuries
  - organisms can then invade weakened and dying plant tissues
  - same functions
* support flowers

### substance | stalk:

Dead stalk
* are very sharp and can easily skin knuckles when harvesting new spears.
* can remain poisonous for two or three seasons.

Leaf stalk
* Most leaf stalks serve functions
* form clasps where they join the stem.
  - same functions

Slender stalk
* Most slender stalks reach height.
* Some slender stalks contain juice.

Sticky substance
* Most sticky substances attract insects.
* Most sticky substances attract other insects
  - such insects
  - contain amounts
* Some sticky substances aid in uptake
  - water uptake

Structural material
* Some structural materials serve multiple functions.
* are sensitive to the rate at which loads are applied.
* comprise sand, gravel, clay, cement, and stone of various kinds.

Stuff
* conducts electricity.
* has effects
  - side effects
  - weird side effects
* is films
  - information
  - kernels
* is located in attics
  - boxs
  - cabinets
  - cupboards
  - houses
  - shoes
  - stores
  - stuff
  - tables
  - nonsense
  - personal properties
  - quality

### substance | stuff:

Thingumajig
* are slovenly in looks, dress, habits and manners.
* is stuff