### physical process:

Industrial process
* Many industrial processes generate metalworking fluid mists
  - mineral oil mist
  - have the effect of concentrating harmful materials near human settlements
* Many industrial processes involve flow between deformable rolls
  - the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum fuels
* Many industrial processes produce nitrate-containing waste streams
  - toxic chemicals as a by-product
  - release toxic organic vapors
  - require heated or cooled process water
  - use flow systems, while batch reactors are most common in the laboratory
* Most industrial processes tend to occur at high pressures and temperatures.
* Some industrial processes concentrate salt in they water they use
  - produce waste, for example
* are processes
  - the main sources of benzene in the environment
* contribute more acetone to the environment than natural processes.
* cooling towers remove heat from chemical and industrial processes.

### physical process | industrial process:

Cyanide process
* is an industrial process
* revolutionizes gold and silver mining.

### physical process | industrial process:

Fractionation
* also occurs during inorganic equilibrium reactions and phase changes.
* ensures that less damage is done to normal cells than to cancer cells.
  - common practice for treating other kinds of growths
  - division
* is the fundamental process for producing petroleum from crude oil
  - legacy of misguided policies of decades past
  - principle for successful treatment of tumors by radiation
  - process of separating and purifying therapeutic proteins from plasma
* refers to the kenetics of isotopes
  - units that have both a reboiler and a condenser
* turns milkfat from a commodity with limited uses into a versatile food ingredient.

### physical process | industrial process | fractionation:

Carbonisation
* is fractionation
* means the organism is 'altered' by being reduced to carbon.

Carbonization
* involves heating to a high temperature in an inert atmosphere.
  - one form of fossilization and is typical for such organisms as plants and insects
  - the process that ancient organisms undergo to become coal
* refers to the devolatilization of an organic feedstock to yield gas and char.

Irreversible process
* are also essential to life.
* make sure that the entropy actually always increases.

### physical process:

Natural process
* All natural processes act to maximize the entropy of a system
  - are long processes and they last
  - create entropy
* Many natural processes are forms of cloning
  - occurring on land or in the ocean combine to influence continental margins
  - tend to concentrate particular isotopes by a factor of several percent
* Most natural processes are chaotic systems as well as many man made ones
  - slow down at lower temperatures
* Some natural processes can affect mercury uptake in wading birds.
* are as important as species
* can effectively reduce the toxicity of some contaminants
  - help maintain shrubland habitats
* convert pollutants to microorganisms.
* produce much more than industrial processes
  - relatively small amounts
* remove pathogens from water.
* tend to move towards a state of greater disorder.

### physical process | natural process:

Emotional growth
* involves the development of a child's feelings.
* is lifelong.