### cell | neuron:

Ganglion cell
* are always active
  - few and their ratio to visual elements is remarkably low
  - present on suction rectal biopsy
  - round or polygonal with prominent nuclei
* are the eye s output cells, forming the optic nerve connecting it to the brain
  - eye's output cells, forming the optic nerve connecting it to the brain
* do generate action potentials.
* exhibit a spontaneous rate of action potentials in the absence of light.
* form the front, or innermost, layer of the retina.
* have the typical features of neurons described above.
* integrate impulses from many bipolar cells into a single firing rate.
* keep up a steady spontaneous firing rate in darkness or in diffuse light.
* receive input from bipolar cells and from amacrine cells.
* regulate normal colonic peristaltic activity.
* transmit information through the optic nerve back to the brain.

Individual neuron
* can fire at different rates, and thereby convey information to other neurons.
* sum excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials.

Inhibitory neuron
* are necessary for stabilizing the electrical activity.
* inhibit their target neurons.

### cell | neuron:

Motor neuron
* activate muscles and glands.
* appear to be very sensitive to the effects of free radicals.
* are accelerators and inhibitatory
  - divided into two groups
* are nerve cells that control muscles
  - part of motor nerves
  - remarkable machines
* carry impulses away from the brain and spinal cord and out into the periphery
  - from the brain to muscles or glands
  - information from the central nervous system to organs, glands, and muscles
  - outgoing information from the central nervous system to the body's tissues
  - signals from brain or spinal cord to muscles or secretory glands
* extend from the brain to the spinal cord and to muscles throughout the body.
* have their cell bodies within the spinal cord, in the ventral horn.
* send inpulses to control muscles and glands
  - responses from the brain or spinal cord out to the muscles
  - signals from the brain to the muscles
* syndromes in cancer patients.
* transmit information from the brain to the muscles of the body
  - nerve impulses from the brain to the muscles
* use a rate code to signal the amount of force to be exerted by a muscle.

Multipolar neuron
* are the most common type of neuron in the body.
* have polygonal cell bodies and many processes.

Normal neuron
* are able to regulate calcium concentration very effectively.
* produce a protein that is very similar in structure to the prion.

Postsynaptic neuron
* display receptors to which the neurotransmitter binds.
* receives the signal.

Real neuron
* are very slow but the brain is fast.
* can have hundreds or thousands of input and output connections to other neurons.

### cell | neuron:

Sensory neuron
* are nerve cells
  - part of sensory nerves
* carries nerve impulse from dendrite to cell body in the dorsal root ganglion to axon.
* carry impulses from sense organs to the brain
  - information from the sensory receptor cells throughout the body to the brain
  - nerve impulses from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and glands
  - signals from sense organs to the spinal cord and brain
* conduct action potentials to the spinal cord.
* develop depolarizing currents in response to their normal stimulus.
* mediate protective vasodilatation in rat gastric mucosa.
* run anteriorly from the nerve ring to the sensory organs in the head.
* send action potentials to the brain.
* transmit nerve impulses toward the spinal cord and the brain.
+ Neuron, Types of neurons, By function: Anatomy of the nervous system

Single neuron
* appear to depend sequentially on different neurotrophins.
* can have extraordinary specificity for a patten of stimulation
  - trigger discrete behaviours
* do have some peculiar characteristics that can themselves give rise to periodicity.