### animal | vertebrate | mammal | ungulate | horse:

Mare
* All mares develop an inflammation after breeding.
* Many mares have double ovulations
  - posses a known imbalance in their hormonal make-up
  - suffering from heaves become pregnant year after year and deliver fine, healthy foals
* Most mares like to foal when it is quiet and they are undisturbed.
* Some mares always show only subtle signs of estrus
  - are violent in their rejection of a stallion when in diestrus
  - can be troublesome during estrus
  - grazing fescue have reproductive problems during the last trimester of pregnancy
* abort suddenly without signs of illness, and the fetus shows no signs of degenerative change.
* also cooperate in defending the family and especially protect foals against predators
  - lead the harem or herd
* are animals
  - equines
  - especially sensitive to the health problems associated with tall fescue
  - extraordinarily fertile, having a longer breeding life than other breeds
  - female animals
  - mammals
  - most fertile just before, or around thetime of ovulation
  - open areas
  - plains
  - regions
* are usually consistent in their foaling pattern from year to year
  - more excitable, especially when in heat
* become very aggressive, having stallion-like behavior.
* can have completely different cycles from year to year
  - one or two foals
* carrying colts tend to have a longer gestation.
* come from rangelands primarily in Nevada, California, Utah, Oregon, Wyoming and Idaho.
* eat oats, and does eat oats, and little lambs eat ivy.
* experience the same affliction between their udders.
* generally give birth to a single offspring, or on rare occasions, twins
  - one young every three years
* give birth to a single foal in the spring.
* have two X chromosomes, of which one is passed to their sons and one to their daughters
  - follicular waves each cycle
  - white ice cream cone shaped facial markings and no other white
* like to find a marshy, hidden area in which to give birth, presumably to hide from predators.
* normally give birth to their first foal when they are between three and six years of.
* often look more refined and prettier, but can have dramatic behavior changes when in estrus.
* produce antibodies against diseases common to that environment.
* show a great deal of variation in their estrus behavior.
* sometimes produce twelve to thirteen foals during their lifetime.
* tend to be registered over geldings, especially with solid foals from Paints
  - follow the same foaling pattern year after year
* typically develop an odorless, grayish-white mucopurulent vulvar discharge of uterine origin.
* uriniate to the rear, giving the hair a slight yellowish tone on the tapered end.

### animal | vertebrate | mammal | ungulate | horse | mare:

Broodmare
* also have the unusual ability to delay foaling, at least for a short time.
* are in foal or sold with a foal at side
* can usually get the protein and energy they require from good-quality pasture.

Older mare
* are less likely to have foals.
* have a high incidence of early embryonic deaths
  - older ova which are more susceptible to early embryonic death

Miniature horse
* are even smaller than ponies
  - found in many nations, particularly in Europe and the Americas
* enjoy being groomed, brushed, rubbed and scratched.
* tend to be around nine hands or less.

Older horse
* Many older horses prefer pelleted or extruded forms of grain mixes rather than whole grain diets.
* are also prone to wounds that can lead to tetanus
  - less susceptible because they develop an immunity
  - more likely to have teeth problems, but young horses can have problems, too
* suffer from arthritis and muscle stiffness.

Palomino
* are good pleasure riding horses
* have black pigment in their skin.

Peruvian horse
* come in all basic, solid colors as well as grays and roans
  - as well as greys and roans
* have a smooth lateral gait, a great disposition, and a long mane and tail.