### condition | illness | disease:

Plague
* Most plague affects mammals
  - infects rodents
* Some plague is transmitted by fleas.
* appear throughout the biblical record.
* are frequent in the eastern Eastern States.
* begin on the Earth.
* can be devastating to prairie dog populations, wiping out entire colonies in some areas
  - wax when rats wane
* continue as long as climatic conditions favor the large hatches.
* disease of antiquity that has persisted to modern times
  - rodents that can be spread to humans and other animals by infected fleas
  - that affects humans and other mammals
* exists in natural enzootic cycles involving wild rodents and their fleas.
* historically end when the virus can no longer find a susceptible host to live and grow in.
* involve the presence of virulent pathogens in a large number of hosts.
* is annoyance
  - books
  - calamities
  - common in Central Europe
  - different from smallpox, which is different from anthrax
  - lethal to many rodents
  - present in natural foci
  - primarily a zoonotic infection
  - spread by flea infested rats
  - still around today in small numbers and is treated with antibiotics
* occurs at the beginning of the summer turn of each year.
* periodically decimate prairie dog colonies.
* primarily disease of rodents.
* spreads easily, kills quickly, and leaves behind terror and death.

### condition | illness | disease | plague:

Sylvatic plague
* continues to threaten ferrets and prairie dogs.
* exists in wild rodent populations.

Urban plague
* involves rats and has been the major source for human epidemics.
* is spread by close contact betweenpeople and animals, especially rats or theirfleas.

### condition | illness | disease:

Plant disease
* Most plant diseases require moisture to grow and reproduce.
* Some plant diseases are seed borne.
* are costly both in terms of yield losses and treatment costs
  - often beneficial to ecosystems
* can cause serious crop losses for the vegetable industry
  - easily spread from one plant to another
  - kill garden plants, reduce yields, or cause unsightly blemishes on produce
  - result from a combination of abiotic agents and biotic agents
  - significantly contribute to the failure of ornamental crops
* cause by bacteria
  - virus, viroid and mycoplasma
  - major economic losses for farmers worldwide
* interfere with normal growth and development.
* plays a role in poor performance of cattle during summer.

### condition | illness | disease | plant disease:

Black knot
* affects cherries, plums and other members of the genus Prunus.
* appears as conspicuous black elongated galls on the twigs and branches.
* are plant diseases.
* causes black swellings or galls on the branches.
* disease of wild and domesticated cherries and plums.
* is caused by a fungus that multiplies during wet spring weather
* occurs on the woody parts of the tree such as twigs, limbs and sometimes the trunk.
* problem on plums as is peach leaf curl on the peaches and nectarines.
* very destructive fungal disease on susceptible cultivars of plum and prune.

### condition | illness | disease | plant disease:

Black rot
* are funguses
* attacks the leaves, flower clusters, and fruit.
* begins in the garden, but it develops after harvest.
* can also be a problem in storage.
* causes infected leaves to turn purplish brown or black.
* is caused by a bacteria to which all brassicas are susceptible
  - bacterium that is seed-borne or that can be transmitted by transplants
  - the bacterium, xanthomonas capestris
  - important only in certain areas or regions in California
  - of minor importance on quinces
  - one of the most common and destructive
  - the major disease problem Ohio gardeners face in growing grapes
* is the most important limiting factor of grape production in Missouri
  - widespread fungus disease of grapes
* wet-weather disease spread in the field by splashing rain or insect feeding.