### person | philosopher:

Ancient philosopher
* Most ancient philosophers develop concepts.
* Some ancient philosophers advise parents.

Empiricist
* are more interested in parts than in wholes and universals
* believe that knowledge begins with sense perception.
* take the position that all or most behaviors and characteristics result from learning.
* tend to characterize rationalists pejoratively as armchair philosophers.
* typically resist describing experience as purely mental.

### person | philosopher:

Ethicist
* Most ethicists reject the theory of ethical relativism.
* Some ethicists argue that rich nations have no obligation to aid poor nations
  - believe the notion of paying women for eggs is untenable
  - maintain that the principle of justice also dictates against aiding poor nations
  - say limits on the number of embryos transferred violates a couple's freedom
* are also concerned about a hybrid between a human and a cow
  - concerned because human embryos are normally used to obtain human stem cells
  - deeply concerned, too, about privacy and justice
* believe the mixing of species is likely to trouble the public severely, at least at first.
* decry medical paternalism.
* help physicians understand the essential elements of informed consent.
* likewise contrast performance and motive in the religious life.
* recognize the role of the physician in limiting or denying care to the elderly patient.
* say it is one that makes a better community, they want corporations to be 'good citizens'.

Existentialist
* accept the chaos and void of meaning held out be the universe.
* are philosophers.
* assume there is no logic or meaning inherent in experience.
* believe in conscious decisions
  - that all individuals hold the power to create and establish their essence
* declare that they are in complete despair yet go on writing.
* rely on their gut feelings rather than absolute truth.

Feminist philosopher
* state that a woman's style is nurturing.
* work within and across other philosophical traditions.

Greek philosopher
* Some greek philosophers classify plants.
* have ideas.
* invent theories.
* say that water is one of four elements that make up the earth.
* understand principles.

Many philosopher
* accept theories.
* argue problems.
* understand topics.

Modern philosopher
* Most modern philosophers deny the existence of an immaterial soul.
* speak in terms of graded shades of gray.

Moralist
* agree that peace is the elevating and healing face of the world.
* also point out that there is no clear definition of when life begins.
* can be either liberal or conservative.
* punish youths' natural sexual curiosity.
* see the Olympics as a metaphor in the struggle against drugs.

### person | philosopher | moralist:

Egalitarian
* Many egalitarians argue that the point of equality is to compensate people for undeserved bad luck.
* are moralists
* share roles, and duties are equal among males and females.
* typically object to all societal asymmetries.
* usually have a very strong sense of hierarchy.

Utilitarian
* believe that a given act is moral if it brings more good consequences than bad.
* seek to maximize good and minimize harm.
* use general rules of thumb.