### body part | organ | gland | pancreas:

Pancreas transplantation
* appears to have no effect on retinopathy.
* can result in normalization of glucose metabolism for months to years.

Parathyroid
* are small glands which manufacture a hormone which controls blood calcium levels.
* includes corpi
  - lobes

Pineal gland
* Most pineal glands have nerves
  - perform tasks
  - play roles
* Some pineal glands have effects.
* Some pineal glands produce hormone melatonin
* makes melatonin, possibly involved in internal clock, jet lag.
* resembles a pine cone.

Pituitary
* Most pituitaries release antidiuretic hormones
* Most pituitaries stimulate growth
  - skeletal growth
* Pituitaries includes corpi
* Pituitaries includes posterior pituitaries
  - pituitary glands

### body part | organ | gland | pituitary:

Anterior pituitary
* Anterior pituitaries stimulate growth
* Most anterior pituitaries stimulate growth

Posterior pituitary
* Most posterior pituitaries are part of pituitaries
* Posterior pituitaries release antidiuretic hormones

Prostate
* are different from one species to another
  - exocrine glands
* contains small, platelike concretions.
* continue to grow, just as they do after surgery.

Prostate gland
* Most prostate glands produce fluid
  - seminal fluid
* Some prostate glands secrete nutritive fluid.

### body part | organ | gland:

Salivary gland
* Most salivary glands produce enzymes
  - extra fluid
  - mucuses
  - sticky mucuses
* Some salivary glands help digestion.
* Some salivary glands produce glue
  - venom
* Some salivary glands secrete digestive juice
  - salivary amylases
* add saliva which contains water, ions, salivary amylase and mucous.
* are exocrine glands
  - part of mouths
  - simple
  - the long filamentous structures going up
* facilitate the food to assimilate chemically.
* make saliva, a digestive juice.
  - fluid that helps break the food down
* supply the mouth with a liquid substance called saliva.

### body part | organ | gland:

Salt gland
* Most salt glands play important roles
* Some salt glands eliminate excess salt
  - excrete salt
* Some salt glands maintain body fluid homeostasis
* Some salt glands produce concentrate urine
* Some salt glands remove excess salt
* are instrumental in bermuda and zoysia salt tolerance
  - microscopic and occur in epidermal depressions on the upper leaf surface
* concentrate salt from blood in an area near the sinuses.
* have a countercurrent blood flow that removes and concentrates salt ions from the blood.
* maintain salt balance and allow marine vertebrates to drink seawater.
* surrounding the tongue help maintain osmotic balance in sea water.

### body part | organ | gland:

Scent gland
* Most scent glands contain pheromone.
* Most scent glands produce liquids
  - musky odor
  - smell liquids
* Most scent glands produce strong musky odor
  - substances
  - secrete oily substances
* Some scent glands contain chemicals
  - emit pheromone
  - look like testes
  - use for identification
* are present but are better developed in males
  - in the anal region
  - on the face and the anus and genital regions
  - sacs that open on the skin surface and discharge a strong-smelling secretion
* emit secretion
  - substances that can deter larger predators, but are also effective against ants
* give the otters a heavy musky smell.
* help neonates locate their mothers pouch
  - species to recognize one another
* produce a strong musky odor
* produce strong odor
  - smell substances

Seminal vesicle
* Some seminal vesicles produce fluid
  - sticky fluid
* are important in rats, bulls, boars and stallions but are absent in cats and dogs
  - small, flat structures that open into the vas deferens near the terminal end

Skin gland
* Most skin glands produce substances.
* produce pheromones to aid in courtship and territoriality
* secrete chemicals.