### process:

Metabolism
* -Sertraline undergoes extensive first pass metabolism.
* All metabolism depends on enzymes and, until recently, every enzyme has turned out to be a protein
  - occurs within water
* Most metabolism breaks down matter
  - organic matter
* Most metabolism has energy requirements
  - low energy requirements
  - roles
  - leads to elevation
* Most metabolism occurs in animals
  - livers
* Most metabolism produces body heat
  - respiration
  - provides energy
* Most metabolism refers to chemical reaction
* Most metabolism requires energy
  - magnesium
  - oxygen
  - supports conversions
* Some metabolism becomes oxidation
  - protein oxidation
* Some metabolism depends on glycolysis
  - substrate
  - has phases
* Some metabolism increases acid excretion
  - net acid excretion
  - production
  - interferes with excretion
  - produces urea
  - requires for synthesis
* also becomes more efficient, another reason it is harder to lose weight
  - helps get rid of toxic substances
  - poses the problem of disposal of wastes
  - slows naturally with age
* characteristic of living organisms.
* consists of two types of processes catabolism and anabolism.
* continues at a slowed pace, involving virtually every body organ
  - to glycolate, then to glyoxylate, then to glycine and oxalate
* contributes to obesity
  - survival
* converts carbohydrates
  - fuel
* correlates with body mass, activity and environment.
* depends on how a person changes food to fat, and how the body stores the fat.
* describes all of the chemical reactions that are happening in the body.
* does slow down eventually honey
  - with advancing age
* dynamic process of energy conversion in cells of living organisms.
* encompasses all of the chemical reactions within the cell.
* fairly popular concept in Japanese architecture.
  - limits
  - lower limits
  - stopped burning off alcohol, yet diffusion from the stomach continues
* have two stages-catabolism and anabolism.
* includes a enormous variety of chemical reactions
  - the production of plant primary and secondary compounds
* involves a number of processes, one of which is referred to as oxidation
  - both catabolism, and anabolism
  - phenyl hydroxylation, alkyl hydroxylation, demethylation and N -oxide formation
* is affected by body composition - the amount of muscle versus fat.
* is all about change
  - chemical reactions that occur in a cell
  - of the activities of an organism
* is all of the chemical and energy reactions that happen in a living thing
  - reactions occurring within an organism
  - components an organism needs to survive
  - an organized but chaotic chemical assembly line
  - by hydrolysis and N-acetylation
  - carried on essentially in the same manner in plants as in animals
* is chemical processes
  - reactions taking place inside cells, including respiration
  - considered by assuming first order reacti
  - extensive with no active metabolites
  - hepatic, and elimination is primarily fecal
  - influenced by hormones, exercise, and diet
  - less efficient with age
  - measured in calories
  - normalized due to the cleansing process
  - primarily hepatic with renal secretion of hydroxylase metabolites
  - regulated in cells by control of enzyme activity
  - roughly the number of calories the body needs to maintain itself each day
  - slow, with elimination of metabolites occurring over many days
  - slowed in the livers of elderly persons
* is the controlled capacity to acquire and use energy
  - conversion of energy in food to energy in the body
  - entire network of chemical processes involved in maintaining life
  - enzymatic conversion of one chemical species to another
  - full set of chemical processes carried out by a living organism
  - only process by which alcohol is detoxified and removed from the blood
* is the process by which a drug is chemically altered by the body
  - the body breaks down food and converts that food to energy
* is the process of converting food ingested into energy
* is the rate at which a person's body burns the calories needed to function normally
  - the body's cells do their work
  - result of the chemical reactions of life
* is the sum of all of the internal systems in an organism
  - the metabolic reaction in the cell
* is the sum of all the biochemical reactions in an organism
  - chemical processes in a living organism
  - reactions that occur in the cell
* is the sum total of all chemical reactions in a cell
  - chemical reactions performed by an organism
  - the chemical processes that occur in the body
  - anabolism and catabolism
  - term used collectively for all of the physical and chemical reactions in the body
  - total of all life processes
  - way our body digests food for growth and energy
  - very important in toxicity
  - vital in the body's weight loss cycle
  - when the bady takes in air, food and liquid
* keeps balance after drinking tea.
* maintains homeostasis , or a steady state, in the body.
* major contributor to heat stress.
* manages the material and energy resources of the cell.
* means energy transfers within the cell
  - the ability to collect and use energy
* occurs in animals and humans after the ingestion of organic plant or animal foods
  - living processes
* occurs in the liver by hydrolysis which eliminates approximately half the drug
  - mainly in the GI wall
  - predominantly by conjugation with glutathione
  - primarily in the hepatocytes
* plays a central role in bovine reproduction and growth.
* process of growth, repair and development
  - using several chemical reactions
  - inactive metabolites that are primarily excreted in the urine
* refers to all of the chemical reactions that take place inside living cells
  - processes by which the living organism maintains itself
  - the chemical reactions taking place in the body to convert or use energy
  - the building up and breaking down of biochemical products
* remains elevated for a longer period of the time after exercise.
* represents architecture and urbanity as mechanical in organization.
* results in more products in man and rats than in mice.
* rises, as measured by increased oxygen consumption during the stimulation.
* slows down and the heart pumps less
  - in late adolescence and appears to be stable throughout most of adulthood
* takes place by enzymatic catalysis
  - primarily in liver and to a lesser degree, in the kidneys
* tend to be slow to conserve energy use.
* uses a wide variety of other chemical elements
  - energy to fuel all organs involved in digestion and respiration and so on
+ Hormone, Actions: Endocrinology
  * Hormones do many things. They regulate metabolism. Metabolism is all of the chemical and energy reactions that happen in a living thing. Hormones cause the growth and death of cells and of whole organisms. Hormones also start and control sexual development. For example, the hormones estrogen and progesterone make girls puberty. Hormones help keep homeostasis in an organism. Homeostasis means to keep a constant state inside the body like temperature, amount of water and salts, and amount of sugar.
  * This depends, for example, on how often someone eats. If they are hungry their metabolism slows down dramatically. Metabolism uses energy to fuel all organs involved in digestion and respiration and so on. The bigger someone is, the higher their metabolism rate would become in order to sustain their mass.