### animal | vertebrate | amphibian | frog:

Bullfrog
* Many bullfrogs are known to have many viruses and bacteria.
* Most bullfrogs adapt to environments
  - are found near sources
* Most bullfrogs have behaviour
  - big appetite
  - characteristics
  - diets
  - senses
  - throats
  - yellow throats
  - hide from predators
  - inhabit various habitats
* Most bullfrogs live in ponds
  - up to years
* Most bullfrogs reach maturity
  - sexual maturity
* Most bullfrogs require oxygen
  - warm water
* Some bullfrogs come out of hibernation.
* Some bullfrogs eat dive beetles
  - great dive beetles
  - larvae
  - have calls
  - live in water
* Some bullfrogs occupy circular pits
  - small circular pits
* Some bullfrogs rely on aquatic prey
  * It belongs to the family Ranidae, or 'true frogs'. Bullfrogs are native to most of North America, Canada and Mexico. The ones that live in northern America hibernate during winter. However, bullfrogs in southern US states are active all the time. Bullfrogs have been seen in South America, Asia, Western Europe and the Caribbean. These bullfrogs were imported on ships. Many people, including pet owners, have placed bullfrogs outside of their native area.
  * can adapt and live almost anywhere if there is water nearby. They can eat rodents, insects, small fish, arachnids, small birds, crustaceas, small mammals, worms, and other frogs. Because of this, they have been blamed for many animal extinctions. Bullfrogs live in large bodies of water such as swamps, lakes, and ponds. They like to stay near the edge of the water. During a rainstorm, they may travel on land.
  * can adapt and live almost anywhere if there is water nearby. They can eat rodents, insects, small fish, arachnids, small birds, crustaceas, small mammals, worms, and other frogs. Because of this, they have been blamed for many animal extinctions. Bullfrogs live in large bodies of water such as swamps, lakes, and ponds. They like to stay near the edge of the water. During a rainstorm, they may travel on land. They travel in search of a new habitat.
  * can live up to four years. One captive bullfrog lived up to 16 years. Bullfrogs can be kept as pets. Captive bullfrogs are given rodents, small fish, crickets, worms, and fruit flies as food and treats. Pet owners may add supplements on the frogs food for health. Bullfrogs can host many viruses, bacteria and parasites.
  * can live up to four years. One captive bullfrog lived up to 16 years. Bullfrogs can be kept as pets. Captive bullfrogs are given rodents, small fish, crickets, worms, and fruit flies as food and treats. Pet owners may add supplements on the frogs food for health. Bullfrogs can host many viruses, bacteria and parasites. They were blamed for an intraerythrocytic virus outbreak in Canada in 1997. Bullfrogs are the cause of the chytrid fungus spreading into Arizona. The fungus is one of the main reasons that there are fewer amphibians.
  * A female bullfrog can lay up to 20,000 eggs. Bullfrog tadpoles take up to a year to become a young frog. Males will stay behind and take care of the tadpoles. Males are territorial and will attack any animal, including their own kind, if they come near them. Bullfrogs can decrease the mosquito population. They do this by eating most of the mosquito's larvae. Bullfrogs do not move during the day, except if there is food nearby or when threatened
* also have a good sense of vision and sense vibrations.
* are a dark green
  - problem because they have voracious appetites
  - source of food for Southern United States and the Midwestern United States
  - active at night
  - another animal that lives in and out of the pond
  - bullies who grab anything alive that they think they can swallow
* are difficult to capture on film as they are virtually impossible to sneak up on
  - raise
  - either brown or green
  - extremely territorial, as well
  - fussy eaters, preferring live insects that wiggle in their mouths before they swallow
* are good at hearing
  - hunters and extremely carnivorous
  - green or brown in color with a white or yellow belly and dark legs
  - insatiable and indiscriminate
  - more active at night
  - most active dawn and dusk
* are native east of the Rocky Mountains and they prey upon pupfish here in California
  - to most of North America , Canada and Mexico
  - one of the most common and prominent amphibians in all of North America
  - responsible for the decline of garter snakes in Mexico
  - semi - aquatic frogs
  - semi-aquatic frogs
  - sexually dimorphic , with males being smaller than females and having yellow throats
  - territorial and work hard to protect their space
  - used in biology classes in schools for dissection and are sometimes kept as pets
  - usually green to greenish-brown
* become common.
* begin to breed in wetlands, ponds, and shallow lakes between age four and eight.
* breed once each year.
  - host many viruses , bacteria and parasites
* can live up to fifteen years
  - reach a length of
  - weigh up to
* close their nostrils and continue to breathe through their skin while under water.
* do well in areas modified by humans.
* easily adapt to environments modified by human beings.
* eat animals
  - mice and other small frogs
  - other amphibians
  - small mammals, birds, reptiles, fish and even other frogs
* feed on insects, frogs and toads as well as small mammals, birds and reptiles.
* have a host of enemies
* have big appetite
  - warts that can come in handy
  - eardrums behind their eyes
  - strong rear legs with completely webbed feet and are highly aquatic
  - teeth on the top of their mouths
* includes brains
  - breasts
  - cell membranes
  - cells
  - chest cavities
  - chests
  - corpi
  - cytoplasm
  - faces
  - heads
  - nuclei
  - pedal extremities
  - plasma membranes
  - rib cages
  - sauces
  - sections
  - skulls
  - sterna
  - vacuoles
  - vertebrate feet
* inhabit habitats
* live in large bodies of water such as swamps , lakes , and ponds
  - most parts of Canada , Mexico and the United States
* make good pets, too
  - their loud, croaking calls during the night
* now have no status in Minnesota.
* pass through several stages of development during their relatively brief life cycles.
* prefer larger streams and river banks, or large semi-permanent ponds and lakes
  - warm, weedy, permanent ponds and lakes
* react strongly to movement.
* show emergence.
* usually inhabit permanent waters of river bays, lakes and large ponds.
+ Bullfrog, Adults: Frogs :: Symbols of Oklahoma
  * Bullfrogs can reach a length of. Females are larger than males. Bullfrogs can weigh up to. Bullfrogs are either brown or green. They also have darker spots on their back. Bullfrogs have webbed feet for swimming.
  * Bullfrogs can reach a length of. Females are larger than males. Bullfrogs can weigh up to. Bullfrogs are either brown or green. They also have darker spots on their back. Bullfrogs have webbed feet for swimming. They can leap up to. Male bullfrogs can be heard roaring when mating with a female.
  * Bullfrogs can reach a length of. Females are larger than males. Bullfrogs can weigh up to. Bullfrogs are either brown or green. They also have darker spots on their back. Bullfrogs have webbed feet for swimming. They can leap up to. Male bullfrogs can be heard roaring when mating with a female. Males also have bigger tympanic membranes which cover their ears.
  * There was one captive bullfrog that had lived up to 16 years. Males are territorial and will attack any animal, including their own kind, if they come near them. They will jump, wrestle, and even chase any animal away. Bullfrogs are good at hearing.
  * Many bullfrogs are known to have many viruses and bacteria. However, only a few of them are important to nature. Bullfrogs was blamed for an intraerythrocytic virus outbreak in Canada in 1997. They were also blamed for a chytrid fungus that spread into Arizona in 2000. The chytrid fungus is believed to be one of the major causes of the decline in amphibian populations. Many bullfrogs can have many parasites including helminths, trematodes, nematodes, protozoans and leeches
  - Behavior
  * If the weather outside is cold, they will hibernate for a few days. Bullfrogs are active at night. They can be seen hopping around gardens and streets. During the day, they will be near the edge of the water. They will begin moving if food is nearby, or if they feel threatened
  - Conservation status
  * Bullfrogs compete with other frogs for food, and can even kill their own kind if food is no where to be found. The AIS are animals who are able to decrease other species and even make them extinct worldwide. Bullfrogs are responsible for the decline of garter snakes in Mexico. In a laboratory experiment by Alford in 1989, bullfrogs decreased the population of Cope's gray treefrog. The study introduced the bullfrogs with Cope's gray treefrog in a controlled environment
  - Feeding
  * In a 1913 study, it was found that bullfrogs will eat any animal it can overpower and stuff down its throat. Cardini F. 1974. Specializations of the feeding response of the bullfrog, 'Rana catesbeiana', for the capture of prey submerged in water. M.S. Thesis, U. of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA These studies show the bullfrog's diet is unique among North American 'Rana'. Bullfrogs are also known to eat ducklings and tadpoles. Bullfrogs have teeth on the top of their mouths. Their tongues are capable of flipping their food into their mouths. Bullfrogs will eat at night
  - Habitat and distribution
  * Bullfrogs are semi-aquatic frogs. They are known to be near lakes, swamps, rivers, and ponds. They spend most of their time swimming. Bullfrogs live in most parts of Canada, Mexico and the United States. There have been introduced to Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, China, Colombia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, France, Germany, Greece, Indonesia, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Peru, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Singapore, Spain, Taiwan, Thailand, the United Kingdom and Uruguay. They were imported by ships to other parts of the world.
  * Bullfrogs in northern United States hibernate during the winter time. They hibernate in mud at the bottom of ponds and rivers. They can breathe under water as long as they can get oxygen through their skin. They can also close their nostrils when they are under water. While hibernating, bullfrogs can slow their heart rate and metabolism down. Bullfrogs are more active at night. During the day, bullfrogs may rest under vegetation. Bullfrogs are an important food source for other wildlife, they provide protein for them. If there is a drought, bullfrogs will leave their habitat. During a rainstorm, they move quicker and are seen in large groups
  - Human use
  * Bullfrogs are a source of food for Southern United States and the Midwestern United States. People hunt bullfrogs at night near rivers. The bullfrogs' legs are cooked, while their backs are fried. In China, bullfrogs are sold alive for eating. They are then killed and cooked with vegetables. In the state of California, people must have a license to catch bullfrogs for food