ontocord/MixtureVitae-genericsKB huggingface dataset:
Ring
* All rings are a collection small particles orbiting the planet in complex ways.
* Some rings affect survival.
* Some rings have faces
  - fur
  - substitution
* Some rings surround eyes
  - fingers
* are an ancient symbol of love
  - symbol, blessed and simple
  - better for ears and other body parts
  - blue
  - circular and without end to symbolize eternal love
  - corrosion resistant aluminum
  - dynamic and probably short-lived in geologic terms
  - jewelry
* are located in boxs
  - gyms
  - jewelry stores
  - malls
  - parks
  - pockets
  - wedding ceremony
  - windowsills
  - narrow, and contain concentrations of particles called ring arcs
* are part of algebra
  - south parks
  - platforms
  - round like the sun, round like the course of the stars
  - similar structures to that of integers
  - sound
  - transverse wrinkles that appear from the shrinking of the root
* are used for decoration
  - symbolisms
  - wearing
* arise from singular events like the destruction of a ringmoon or comet.
* can cut deeply into fingers and bracelets can get caught in reins or lead lines
  - fuse with other rings on an edge to give polycyclic compounds
  - react with chemicals or puncture laboratory gloves
* cause sound.
* concept of abstract algebra generalizing integers and real numbers.
* differ from webs primarily by being thicker and involving more of the wall of the esophagus.
* get bigger every year as fungus grows.
* have features
  - magic properties
* is sound
* manufacturer and seller of interconnect systems.
* nematodes also commonly occur in sandy regions of South Carolina
  - cause general aboveground lack of vigor and reduced vine growth and yields
* rot -Circular rot in a log.
* stick if deposits of carbon and varnish form on the rings or ring grooves.
+ Local area network: Computer networking
  * A ring topology means that each device talks to two other devices in the network and the devices all talk in a circle. If a computer sends data out one of its interfaces, it could get an answer back on the other one. Some rings send traffic in only one direction, other ring networks send traffic in both directions. Token Ring and FDDI are examples of ring topologies.
+ Ring theory
  * In algebra a ring is a structure where multiplication and addition are defined. Rings are similar structures to that of integers.
+ Wedding, Wedding customs in western societies, Ceremony: Marriage :: Ceremonies
  * A traditional wedding ceremony in the western world usually consists of the couple exchanging vows before a government official such as a justice of the peace or a clergyperson such as a priest, minister, or pastor. Nuns are not permitted to perform marriages. Rings are exchanged between the married couple, following which they kiss.
+ −1 (number), Algebraic properties, Square of −1
  * The above arguments hold in any ring. Ring is a concept of abstract algebra generalizing integers and real numbers.

### ring:

Annular ring
* allow each wafer size to be centered.
* threads hold boards securely to posts or frame.
### risky business:

Futures trading
* Futures Trading risky business.
* includes numerous financial tools that can be used to manage price volatility.
* involves high risks with the potential for substantial losses
  - leverage and margins which make it a very risky business
  - the risk of loss
* is risky business
  - speculative and involves risk of loss
  - the name of the game and it involves trillions of dollars every year
* zero-sum game.
### rock:

Scholars rock
* can be any color
  - weigh hundreds of pounds or less than one pound
+ Chinese scholar's rocks: Chinese culture
  * Scholars rocks can be any color. There are a wide variety of sizes. Scholars rocks can weigh hundreds of pounds or less than one pound. The term also means stones which are placed in traditional Chinese gardens.

Siliceous rock
* break predictably because they have few impurities.
* is relatively easy to flake and was used for making most of the stone tools.

Soft rock
* are good for some colors
* is an oxymoron
  - the kind of muic they play

Unconsolidated rock
* are analogous to a bathtub filled with sand into which water is poured.
* is rock such as gravel.

Wet rock
* can cause broken bones.
* covered with seaweed can be treacherous.
* is much weaker than dry rock.

### rocky shoreline:

Fast growth
* allows for earlier maturation and shorter total growing time per crop.
* diminishes the intensity of their flavors.
* has causes environmental degradation to accelerate in many poor nations
  - serious effects on their health and welfare
* rocky shoreline.

### rodents:

Spiny rat
* Most spiny rats die when exposed to heat and dryness.
* are rodents.
* have short, spiny bristles for hair, which discourages predators.
* inhabit forests or clearings, often near water.

Roller
* All rollers appear to be monogamous and highly territorial.
* Some rollers can fly, but they somersault continually
  - use devices
* also swell if they become overheated.
* are able to rotate in steady mutual contact without sliding
  - birds
  - cylinders
  - far more successful in the tropics than they are in temperate areas
  - part of roller skates
  - single hills which racers speed jump
  - useful for testing or displaying locomotives and the lighting systems inside cars
  - waves
  - wheels
* crush stems and flatten vines to increase the rate of dying.
* do vary in size and speed, which forms a thin web of fibers.
* get their name from their acrobatic flight, often rolling over and somersaulting in midair.
* independently rotate.
* is grounder
* skates with protective gear.
* spin freely on a cushion of air.
* swoop down from a high perch to surprise their prey.
* use pressure applied with the fingers, knuckles, and elbows to release fascial adhesion.
* wear from use and they also age from ozone and heat.

### roller coasters:

Storm chaser
* are roller coasters.
* ski during the winter.

### roman catholic:

Papist
* Roman Catholic
* place crosses upon their churches, upon their altars, and upon their garments.
### sacred writing:

Wisdom literature
* is about how to live, how to be an authentic human being
  - sayings of wisdom that teach about divinity and wisdom
  - that which gives simple, common-sense advise on how to live in a chaotic world.
  * ' genre of literature that was common in the ancient Near East. Wisdom literature is about sayings of wisdom that teach about divinity and wisdom. The story-telling used is the same than in other forms of literature. Wisdom literature tells the reader has about how nature is made, and what reality is

### sacrificial:

Biblical worship
* endorses such elements as praise and thanksgiving and, at times, exuberant joy.
* is sacrificial.
* teaches mercy.

### safe abortions:

Legal abortion
* are safe abortions.
* is one of the safest of all medical procedures.
* protect women's health.

### safe, noninvasive technique:

Renal ultrasound
* can detect tumors of the kidney and findings of obstruction.
* is done shortly after birth on all infants to evaluate the kidneys
  - normal
* safe, noninvasive technique.

### sailing ships:

Tall ship
* are sailing ships.
* come in different sizes and shapes.

Sainthood
* are groups
  - positions
* is acceptable only in saints
  - more than ethical perfection or works of Christian virtues

### salad greens | curly endive:

Radicchio
* All radicchios have tender but firm leaves with a slightly bitter flavor.
* is curly endive

### salespersons:

Car salesman
* Car salesmen are the scum of the earth.
* are salespersons.

Salient object bilateral symmetry
* Bilateral symmetry dominates only when the axis is vertical
  - exists where there is only one way to split the animal into equal halves
* Bilateral symmetry is associated with cephalization, differentiation of a head
  - movement in which one end of the animal constantly leads
* Bilateral symmetry is the most common animal body plan
  - symmetrical arrangement of an organism
  - two -sided
  - salient object property

### saline type laxative:

Milk of magnesia
* is an old standby for treating occasional constipation
  - another name for magnesium hydroxide
  - medicine
  - the best-known saline laxative
* saline type laxative.
### salt:

Excess salt
* Some excess salt increases blood pressure.
* accumulate in the soil and travel to leaf edges where tissue is killed off.
* can also interfere with the effectiveness of blood pressure lowering medications
  - be particularly troublesome for desert animals for it can exacerbate dehydration
  - cause a negative calcium balance
* is harmful to plants.

Excessive salt
* can adversly alter the permeability of soils
  - cause stomach distress, fatigue, and other problems
  - damage roots and lead to root rot diseases
  - make high blood pressure worse
* causes the body to retain water and adds extra work for the heart.

Ferrocyanide
* are very persistent but are of low toxicity.
* is salt

Grain of salt
* Grains of salt explain cystic fibrosis.
* Some grains of salt are large, some small, and they come in all different shapes.

Halide
* are reactive elements that include iodine and bromine.
* tend to have rather simply ordered structures and therefore a high degree of symmetry.

### salt | halide:

Fluoride
* Some fluoride is deposited in the teeth while they are calcifying.
* accumulate in the brain over time to reach neurologically harmful levels
* accumulates throughout the body, overan individual's lifetime.
* are compounds that combine fluoride with some positively charged counterpart
  - present in some electrodes and in flux
  - released into the air in wind-blown soil
  - violent poisons to all living tissue because of their precipitation of calcium
* cause premature aging of the human body.
* collects in the aorta, skin, skeleton, and cataracts.
* depresses thyroid activity
  - function
* destroys muscle structure, muscle function and depletes muscle energy.
* diminish the intelligence capability of the human brain.
* dissolve easily and can be absorbed easily from the stomach and intestines.
* do occur naturally in water.
* have a disruptive effect on various tissues in the body
  - little or no effect on decay prevention in humans
* is chemical compounds
  - located in dentists
* stimulates cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator cl- channel activity.
* strengthens enamel and helps prevent tooth decay.
* strengthens tooth enamel and decreases mouth bacteria
  - supporting bone and helps repair minor decay damage
* works best on the smooth surfaces of teeth.
### salt:

Iodised salt
* can prevent goiter.
* is the most common source of iodine in the Western Diet.
* very cheap and good way of getting the necessary iodine.
+ Table salt: Sodium compounds :: Chlorine compounds
  * Iodised salt can prevent goiter. A Goiter is a disease of the thyroid gland, which can happen in parts of the world where there is little iodine.
  * People only need a very small amount of iodine to prevent disease. Food crops usually get iodine from the soil, but some places around the world have low amounts of iodine. Iodised salt is a very cheap and good way of getting the necessary iodine.

### salt:

Iodized salt
* contains a trace of sodium iodide
  - some potassium iodide but the amount of potassium in it is insignificant
* is before the birds at all times
  - mined from the land, as opposed to sea salt, and has iodide added to it
  - recommended with high-nitrate feeds and for pregnant cows
  - regular table salt with potassium iodide added
  - safe, economic and proven effective in preventing iodine deficiency disorders
  - the best means for providing iodine to iodine- deficient populations
* is the primary dietary source of iodine
  - food source of iodine

### salt:

Isocyanate
* All isocyanates are hazardous substances and require care in handling.
* are a hidden danger
  - also strong skin sensitizers
  - basic chemicals
  - direct irritants to the respiratory tract
  - irritants and the most common cause of occupational asthma
  - widely used building blocks, acting as monosubstituted carbamoyl cation equivalents
* can be strong sensitizer, with exposure resulting in possible allergic reactions.
* is salt
* react slowly with water to produce carbon dioxide.
* require extra precautions for workers and occupants.

Low salt
* consuming populations also have high potassium intake.
* intake down-regulates the guanylin signaling pathway in rat distal colon.

Magnesium salt
* Some magnesium salt decreases absorption.
* draw fluid into the small bowel and cause movement of feces to the rectum.
* remain in the intestines and have a laxative effect.

Manganate
* are weak reducing agents and moderate oxidizing agents.
+ Manganese, Properties: Chemical elements :: Metals
  * They are bright blue. They are very rare. They disproportionate too. Manganates are weak reducing agents and moderate oxidizing agents. They are bright green.

Mineral salt
* are also present in saliva
  - found to be of much value
* build up over time to higher levels of disolved solids.
* can be both unsightly and damaging to plants.
* dissolves in water.
* is mined from thousands of feet below the surface in areas of old evaporated seas.

Molten salt
* are unique and unexplored media for organic reactions.
* conduct by movement of both anions and cations.

Nitrate salt
* Some nitrate salt uses in dentistry.
* are used as fertilizers to supply a nitrogen source for plant growth.
* can support combustion under certain conditions.

Orthophosphate
* are condensed and organically bound.
* react with molybdate and ascorbic acid to produce a blue color.
### salt:

Oxalate
* also have antinutrient properties.
* are among the commonest substances causing kidney stones
  - compounds which prevent calcium absorption
  - high in spinach, cocoa and tea
  - kind of boring, well, until they crystallize with calcium to form kidney stones
  - naturally-occurring substances found in plants, animals, and in humans
  - particularly high in spinach, rhubarb, beets, strawberries, nuts and nut butters
  - substances that bind calcium
  - very acidic, and can irritate the mucous membranes of the vulva when overproduced
* bind dietary calcium and thus prevent the body from utilizing the calcium in the diet.
* by-product of digestion.
* byproduct of digestion.
* can irritate skin as well.
* combine with serum calcium to form insoluble calcium oxalate.
* exert two very different types of toxic effects.
* form tiny little insoluble crystals with sharp edges, which are irritating to tissue.
* interfere with calcium absorption.
* is also a culprit in kidney stone formation
  - important in the diagnosis of kidney stones
  - present in certain foods
  - the calcium salt of oxalic acid, a crystalline substance
* naturally occurring substance found in food.
* serve to protect plant tissues from herbivores.
* substance found in many plants including spinach
  - that binds calcium
* very hard substance formed in the body as a waste product.

### salt:

Permanganate
* are chemical compounds
  - purple-black
  - the most toxic manganese compounds
* is salt
* stain because they are easily reduced to brown-black manganese dioxide.
+ Manganese, Safety: Chemical elements :: Metals
  * Manganese dust can irritate lungs. Some manganese compounds cause toxicity when ingested. Manganese is less toxic than nickel or copper. Permanganates are the most toxic manganese compounds. When someone is exposed to manganese for a long time it can cause a problem with the nervous system.
  * It is a strong oxidizing agent. Permanganates are purple-black. Permanganates stain because they are easily reduced to brown-black manganese dioxide.
+ Sodium permanganate, Safety: Sodium compounds :: Manganese compounds
  * Permanganates are toxic. They are also strong oxidizing agents and should be kept away from things that can burn.
### salt | permanganate:

Potassium permanganate
- permanganates
* can induce a spontaneous abortion
  - pose a hazard to eyes and skin during handling, so always wear gloves
  - serve as a disinfectant and deodorizer and is used in water purification
* caustic alkali that oxidizes organic molecules in water.
* has the capacity to remove specific gases such as formaldehyde.
* is added as an oxidizing agent in reducing the odor levels
  - dropwise to each
  - to water during the treatment process to disinfect it
  - an example
  - another chemical for taste and odor control
  - more common
* is used as an oxidizing agent
  - to re-oxidize the ferrous ion back to ferric ion
* potent oxidizer and used as a disinfectant.
* used in pesticide products is derived from commercial producers.
+ Manganese, Properties: Chemical elements :: Metals
  * Permanganates contain the MnO4- ion. They are normally purple-black and strong oxidizing agents. Potassium permanganate is an example.
+ Potassium manganate, Preparation: Potassium compounds :: Manganese compounds :: Manganates
  * Sometimes oxygen or potassium nitrate is used as the oxidizing agent. This makes potassium manganate. Normally the potassium manganate is converted to potassium permanganate. Potassium permanganate is more common. Potassium iodide can reduce potassium permanganate to potassium manganate. It can also be made by reacting hot potassium permanganate with potassium hydroxide. This makes oxygen and potassium manganate
  - permanganate, Uses, Chemical applications
  * Potassium permanganate is used as an oxidizing agent. It also is used in disinfectants and in deodorizers. It can be used to make many different kinds of chemicals. In waste water treatment, it is used to get rid of hydrogen sulfide, a stinky toxic gas. In analytical chemistry, an accurate concentration of KMnO4 is sometimes used to see how much of a certain reducing agent is in the titration. In a related way, it is used as a reagent for wood pulp
### salt:

Potassium chlorate
* are chemical compounds
* is heated in a test tube
* key ingredient in many pyrotechnics, and potent oxidizing agent.
* strong oxidizing agent and can catch many things on fire.
+ Potassium chlorate, Safety: Potassium compounds :: Chlorine compounds
  * Potassium chlorate is a strong oxidizing agent and can catch many things on fire. When it is mixed with sulfur or phosphorus, it burns very easily. Many other chemicals can make dangerous mixtures with potassium chlorate.

Potassium salt
* Is the most widely used form.
* are also a common component of fertilizers
  - essential for both animals and plants
  - extremely toxic when injected
* can replace sodium salts.
* have many commercial uses.

Pure salt
* Some pure salt conducts electricity.
* consists of the elements sodium and chlorine.
* is avoided as particular colors of salt indicates the presence of different impurities.

Refined salt
* All refined salt is, by law, only sodium chloride with all the trace minerals removed.
* maintains the nutritive and organoleptic qualities of fodder.

Road salt
* can be in run-off from roads and, to a lesser extent, sidewalks.
* can cause irritation
  - white lines on shoes, which are especially noticeable on leather
  - do damage to bridges
  - lead to problems for some lawn grasses
  - result in corrosion that causes pits to form on front lower coils
* is mined from natural deposits in the ground and is the same as table salt.
* needs to be washed from animals' feet.
* used on roads in the winter can wash into waterways.

### salt:

Salicylate
* All salicylates share substantially the same side effects.
* Some salicylates alter prostaglandin synthesis.
* also decrease the uricosuric effect of sulfinpyrazone and probenecid
  - retard the renal elimination of methotrexate
* are a family of drugs that reduce inflammation and pain
  - prostaglandin inhibitor
  - antioxidant
  - common in foods like candy, pies, soft drinks, and sweet rolls
  - compounds that inhibit the formation of blood clots
  - locally corrosive, and tablets can form bezoars near the gastric outlet
* can be fatal to cats
  - cause congestive failure when taken in the large doses used for rheumatic diseases
  - complicate surgery, pregnancy, labor and delivery, and illness
  - produce changes in the thyroid function tests
* decrease the ability of the nerve endings in the skin to sense pain.
* directly stimulate the medulla and cause hyperventilation and respiratory alkalosis.
* have only recently bee recognized as potential growth regulators in plants.
* increase the effects of oral anticoagulants.
* is salt
* occasionally cause asthma in people who are sensitive to aspirin
  - trigger asthma
* reduce renal function.
* work by inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins.

### salt | salicylate:

Acetylsalicylic acid
* can prevent niacin-induced flushing.
* has one acidic hydrogen.
* is the active ingredient in aspirin.
* reduces pH-induced excitation of rat cutaneous nociceptors, in vitro.
Sanctity
* comes by association with the saints.
* is quality
* means holiness or godliness.

### sandy skeletal:

Hinckley soil
* are sandy skeletal.
* have rock fragments consisting of granite, gneiss and schist
  - dominated by granite, gneiss, and schist

Saprobe
* are essential to life on earth because a
  - organisms that get nutrients by breaking down the remains of dead plants and animals
* derive their nourishment from dead organic material.
* get their nutrients from nonliving matter.
* is an organism

Saprophyte
* absorb nutrients from dead leaves, on rotting wood, or in dung or compost heaps.
* are organisms that act as rainforest decomposers
  - very significant in that they can have positive and negative impacts
* break down dead plants and animals.
* decompose detritus completing the cycle.
* derive their nutrients from decaying organic matter.
* feed on dead or decaying material and are important nutrient recyclers.
* grow in mulch on the forest floor.
* is an organism
* obtain their food from dead organic matter.

### satellites:

Geostationary satellite
* are satellites.
* can see each other and so can transmit data from one to another.
* form a belt around the celestial equator.
* move in an east-west orbit.
* offer virtual networks.
* remain over the equator, stationary with respect to the earth.
* take photos of the earth at hourly intervals.
* tend to drift over time from their appointed positions in space.

Navigation satellite
* are satellites.
* can locate a position on earth within a few yards.
* have highly-stable radio receivers and transmitters.
* help pilots and sailors find their exact positions in all kinds of weather.

### satisfaction:

Fulfillment
* comes from releasing one's inner potentials and becoming one's self.
* is satisfaction.
* lies in a reality above the human world.

Saturated compound
* hold all the hydrogen they can i.e. single bonds.
* react with other compounds by undergoing substitution reactions.

### saws:

Hacksaw
* are saws
  - tools
* feature replaceable, hardened blades with fine teeth.

### scalar field:

Charge density
* Charge densities are the diagonal elements of the density matrix
  - give a measure of the charge on an atom
* scalar field.

Scarecrow
* Some scarecrows wear uniforms.
* are sometimes characters in stories.
* can be male or female.
* includes sections.
* protects against garden intruders day and night.
* senses animals the same way security lights and alarms detect people, movement and heat
  - lights detect people, movement and heat
+ Scarecrow, Scarecrows in stories and literature: Agriculture
  * Scarecrows are sometimes characters in stories. The most famous storybook scarecrow is probably the one in 'The Wonderful Wizard of Oz' by L. Frank Baum.

Scheme
* are concepts
  - evil
  - mental structures or programs that guide a developing sequence of thinking
  - organisations which coordinate, support and resource individual family day carers
  - plans
  - programming language
* includes hierarchies.
* plan of action
### scheme | economy:

Market economy
* Market economies are a proven way to organize a large number of individuals into a productive group
  - best at finding and making use of possibilities for substitution
  - by their very nature friendly towards communities and eco-systems
  - deal quite nicely with limitations on natural resources
  - differ from subsistence economies in their size and motive for production
  - feature a complex interrelationship between different markets and sectors
  - operate to perceived global rules
  - represent the path to prosperity worldwide
  - spur the technological and social progress essential to the Extropian philosophy
  - tend to flourish in democratic settings
  - work best when the prices accurately reflect the full costs of goods and services
* determines everything, there is no other value in life.
* political choice widely shared within the society.

Mixed economy
* Mixed economies are simply a mixture of market and planned economies
  - vary greatly in their private-public sector mix
* is economy

Modern economy
* Every modern economy depends increasingly on electricity supply.
* Modern economies run on fossil fuels
  - thrive on creating demand, rather than responding to it

Private enterprise
* have a potentially important place to enhance performance in public economies.
  - only private property at large
  - typically the fuel of economic development
* operates in most sectors of the economy.

Traditional economy
* Traditional economies suffer from unfavorable terms of trade.
* is one based on self-sufficiency, with barter as the form of trade.

World economy
* World economies have an increasing impact on our economy.
* dominates every aspect of national economic life.
### scheme | ecosystem:

Riparian ecosystem
* are important to regional bio-diversity
  - prime habitats for many game and non-game species of wildlife and fish
* contain many of the highest value non-timber resources in the natural forest.
* exist along several permanent and intermittent waterways.

Sustainable ecosystem
* are in everyone's interest, and they are everyone's responsibility
  - multi-dimensional
* have biodiversity.

Terrestrial ecosystem
* All terrestrial ecosystems are, therefore, relatively young in the Bahamas.
* Most terrestrial ecosystems are N-limited.
* are an important part of the climate system.
* are classified by the type of land or terrestrial area
  - into several types
  - subject to similarly adverse impacts from eutrophication
  - very complex, and research has only been able to cover a few aspects
* draw carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and use it in photosynthesis.

Tropical ecosystem
* are critical reservoirs of biodiversity.
* contain the largest concentrations of earth's biological diversity.
* tend to have the greatest diversity of species.

Irrigation scheme
* Some irrigation schemes use large quantities of water in sub-optimal areas.
* can be crucial to long-term agricultural sustainability.
### scheme | network:

Neural net
* are adaptive
  - computer programs that attempt to mimic the actions of biological neural systems
  - generally fully-connected
  - good at categorisation
  - indeed best at pattern recognition
  - information processing systems that mimic the basic structure of the human brain
  - like the brain in certain respects
  - suggestions for the woking of the brain
* attempt to predict particular outputs based on relationships with numerous inputs.
* can function with incomplete information
  - have an output parameter that represents probability
* detect breast cancer.
* excel at pattern recognition and non-linear relationships.
* have the eerie characteristic of being able to learn.
* is complexs.
* perform best when the task is to assess complex odors that defy description.
* present the possiblility of dynamic mechanisms for repairing damaged images.
* seek to emulate the adaptability and the learning ability of biological systems.
* use no physics, only statistical relationships.
### scheme | network:

Wireless network
* Most wireless networks use spread-spectrum signaling to send data between computers.
* allow synchronous activity during periods of connection.
* are also vulnerable to passive eavesdropping attacks
  - great for certain applications and specific environments
  - less deterministic
  - quicker and cheaper to build than landlines
* can support a limited number of users.
* come in a variety of combinations of size, range, speed, complexity, and price.
* consist of several different types of transmission medium.
* have to operate over a shared communication medium.
* use encryption for security, as transmissions can be intercepted
  - frequencies separate from cell phones
  - radio waves and require no physical connections
### science:

Actuarial science
* applies mathematics to insurance problems.
* deals with the design, financing and operation of insurance plans.
* is just one of the many exciting applications of mathematics today
  - the mathematical analysis of problems in economics, finance, and insurance

Agricultural science
* applies scientific methods to the physical variables affecting crops.
* is based on risk-taking, as is most human endeavour
  - similar to biology

Applied math
* is science
* takes the guessing out of data analysis.

### science | applied math:

Probability theory
* Some probability theory is developed as a mathematical tool.
* deals with patterns of chance.
* is applied math
  - to determine error performance in a binary system
* is the major technique to model such situations
  - mathematical approach to quantifying uncertainty or variation
  - used to determine how well the sample represents the population
* plays a role in the distribution of the point process of massive particles
  - an important part in weighing the trade-offs
* predicts behavior in large samples.
* provides a scientific approach to describing chance and measuring risk
  - sound basis for reasoning under uncertainty
* theory, but probability is something else.
* works for random processes, but has no applicability to deterministic events.
### science | astronomy:

Amateur astronomy
* hobby that begs to be shared with others.
* is also about the challenge of finding faint, hard to see objects
  - half in the mind and half in the eye

Cosmogony
* Cosmogonies declare some events and facts sacred.
* is astronomy

Neutrino astronomy
* is an emerging field which seeks to observe the universe in an entirely new way.
* new field that studies the ways that stars develop or galaxies form.

Optical astronomy
* requires telescopes that use optical components of great precision.
* retains a special role since it is directly accessible to the eye.

### science | astronomy:

Radio astronomy
* branch of electrical engineering.
* deals with observation of radio-frequency signals emitted by objects in space.
* detects radiation of millimetre to decametre wavelength.
* involves exploring space by examining radio waves from outer space.
* is also very different than what most people associate with astronomy
  - astronomical observation at radio wavelengths
  - thus important both as pure research and as a training for scientists
* subfield of astronomy that studies celestial objects at radio frequencies.
* uses extremely sensitive radio telescopes as tools for data gathering
  - radio waves to study regions of space
* works by gathering radio waves from outer space rather than visible light.

Visual astronomy
* is at least partly imagination all the time and from anywhere.
* waste of time in light-polluted cities.

Basic science
* can explain why certain things fail while others are successful.
* develops principles which underlie technology.
* is an investment in the future
  - performed in a variety of contexts and model organisms
  - the bedrock of clinical research
* provides the foundation for discovery of most new drug compounds.
* seeks to understand nature.

Behavioral science
* All behavioral science is rooted in direct observation of humans and animals.
* assumes that animal species behave in predictable ways.
* describes when and why information systems fail because of people problems.
* has experiments with white rats.
* is key to success.

Biological science
* are the basic foundation for many professions.
* is built upon classifying distinctions among organisms
  - now one of the major areas of focus of scientific research worldwide
* life science
* seems to be taught as if it is concerned only with what happens on Earth.
### science | biology | anatomy:

Neuroanatomy
* Neuroanatomies are anatomies.
* emphasizes cranial nerve central connections and functions.
  - one of the latest fields involved in uncovering the possible causes of autism
  - the study of the brain
* primarily involves training in basic anatomical skills.

Osteology
* can also help to determine the length of time since death.
* is an anatomy
* very useful tool for scientists working on identifying human remains.

Plant anatomy
* focuses on the internal structure of plants.
* involves studies at the light and electron microscope level.

### science | biology | anatomy:

Topology
* Topologies are configurations
  - math
  - imply that extant acarpocephalate taxa are derived from carpocephalate forms
* branch of geometry which arose in the twentieth-century
  - mathematics dealing with properties of continuity
* branch of mathematics that deals with relationships among geometric objects
  - describes properties that only change step-wise
  - mathmatics that concerns itself with the study of surfaces
* changes in fluid membranes.
* defines relationships between simple geometric entities
  - the relationships of network features such as connectivity and directionality
* is almost the most basic form of geometry there is
  - also the underpinning of modern geometry
* is an abstract study of how points are joined together
  - at the foundation of almost all other mathematics in one way or another
  - formed during polygon formation
  - one of five or six basic branches of mathematics
* is the arrangement of the various parts of the network
  - branch of mathematics that examines the characteristics of geometric shapes
* is the mathematical study of the subsets of sets
  - subject that study the spatial forms
  - mathematically explicit rules that govern the connections between spatial objects
  - property that describes adjacency and connectivity of features
  - study of curves and surfaces where bending and twisting is ignored
* is used in many different areas of mathematics
  - to apply intelligence to data held in the vector data model
* mathematical procedure for explicitly defining spatial relationships.
* means position and form.
* naturally arises out of data and is defined by statistical correlations.
* qualitative study of shapes and other mathematical objects.
* refers to the configuration or the different ways stations or nodes are connected.
* refers to the physical and logical movement of data through a network
  - way a network is wired
  - way the computers in the network are connected together
* specifies the geometric arrangement of the network.
* studies general properties of closeness, without wanting to measure distances
  - invariants of spaces
  - patterns of closeness and position
  - the structures of geometric objects in a very general way
* term that describes the network layout, or how the devices on a network are connected.
* uses observation to distinguish various spaces.

### science | biology | biogeography:

Island biogeography
* can help explain island species and associated unfilled niches.
* is the study of the distribution of plants and animals on islands.
### science | biology | genetics:

Genetics research
* has applications in many different fields.
* helps scientists decide which area to target in enzyme design.
* is our greatest hope to reduce and one day eliminate many genetic diseases.
* looks at mutated animal subjects to find out what the particular gene does.
* raises many ethical, legal, and social issues.
+ Zinc finger: Genetic engineering :: Enzymes
  * They can be designed to work on specific parts of genes to create a desired change. The two types of DNA changes are mutations such as deletions and insertions. Genetics research looks at mutated animal subjects to find out what the particular gene does.

Population genetics
* provides evidence.
* relies on principles.

Human biology
* evolves in large measure as the development of the capacity for culture.
* has as many variations as there are humans
  - important implications in the personal lives of all students
* is under enormous oxidative stress.
* is, it's true, wired up for sex and nothing else.

### science | biology:

Marine biology
* branch of biology.
* cuts across many fields of study and covers many subjects.
* growth area for employment, particularly in South Australia.
* is closely related to oceanography, the scien- tific study of the oceans
  - one of several specialties in the field of biology
  - the most exciting, diverse area of biology
* is the scientific study of animals and plants that live in salt water
  - organisms in the ocean or other marine bodies of water
* is the study of microorganisms and life forms underwater
  - organisms that happen to be marine
  - plants and animals that live in the sea
* vast field with many different types of research.
* very broad field of science.
* wide, varied field.

Mathematical biology
* Most mathematical biology involves the interpretation of data.
* is as diverse as are the areas making up the biological and medical sciences.
### science | biology:

Morphology
* Morphologies are consistent with monoclinic symmetry as are electron diffraction patterns.
* exerts an important influence on the properties of thermoplastics.
* involves suffixes, vowel and consonant alternations, and tonal variation.
  - grammars
  - still the most common method used for describing species
  - structures
* refers to physical shape and appearance.
* refers to the form and structure of organisms
  - rules for building and modifying the meaning of words

### science | biology | morphology:

Mathematical morphology
* is well-suited to capturing geometric information.
* powerful, shaped-based method often used in image processing.

Plant morphology
* can also yield clues to taxonomic and evolutionary relationships.
* observes both the vegetative structures of plants and reproductive structures.

Oology
* branch of ornithology that deals with the study of birds' eggs.
* is biology

Organismal biology
* focuses on the tissues, organs, and organ systems of living organisms.
* spans a wide variety of topics.

Ornithology
* Ornithologies are zoology.
* branch of zoology that concerns the study of birds.
* is biology
* is the branch of zoology dealing with birds
  - which deals with birds
* is the scientific study of birds and bird biology
* is the study of birds which sub division of zoology
### science | biology | physiology:

Kinesiology
* Kinesiologies are physiology.
* addresses physiological, mechanical, and psychological mechanisms.
* can detect and correct chakra imbalances with crystals, colours, etc.
* is physiology
* is the fastest growing, and most comprehensive holistic therapy in the world today
  - comprehensive wholistic therapy in the world today
  - science of exercise
* is the science of human motion
  - movement and mechanics
  - the movement of muscle and electromagnetic energy
* is the study of human movement and performance
  - movement or, more generally, the study of physical activity
  - muscle and bone groups that act together to create movement
  - muscles and motion related to the wellness of the body
* is the study of the human body during movement
  - principals of anatomical mechanics in relation to human movement
  - principles of mechanics and anatomy in relation to human movement
  - very important, especially to anyone in the field of athletics
* leads to increased physical and mental, emotional and spiritual well-being.
* non-invasive energetic healing science.
* provides a vibrational assessment of bodily tissue.
* refers to the study of movement.
* science, an art, a skill.
* truly holistic approach to natural health care.
* uses muscle testing to communicate directly with the body
  - muscle-testing to locate and unblock imbalances and blockages in the life energy
* works for the greater majority of people.

### science | biology | physiology | kinesiology:

Applied kinesiology
* system of evaluating body function through testing muscle strength.
* uses manual muscle testing as both a diagnostic and treatment tool.

Pomology
* is biology
* is the science of apple growing, and a pomologist person who plants and grows apples
  - growing fruit crops

Radiation biology
* encompasses studies from the molecular level to ecosystem studies.
* refers to the study of the effects of radiation on living things.

Radiobiology
* basic research discipline to establish novel treatment modalities.
* is biology

Structural biology
* involves the study of the structure of biological molecules.
* is used for downstream optimisation of enzyme function.

Synthetic biology
* employs designer microbes and microbiota transplants against tumors.
* has the potential to generate a new industrial revolution.
* is an interdisciplinary branch of biology and engineering
  - one of the newest branches of biology that has arisen in recent years
* new area of biotechnology that combines science and biological engineering.

Wildlife biology
* is the study of wild vertebrate animals, their habitats and their environment.
* multi-disciplinary approach to the study of wild animals and their habitats.
### science | chemistry:

Analytical chemistry
* involves analysing and identifying trace elements.
* is academic journals
  - an important component of all areas of the pharmaceutical sciences
* is concerned primary with the composition of substances
  - with determining the composition of substances
  - involved with identifying and measuring the quantities of such substances
* is the branch of chemistry that is concerned with the composition of matter
  - separation and analysis of substances
* looks at the qualities of substances, and their composition
  - which chemicals are in things
* science and technology experiencing rapid growth and change.
* uses ion exchange in chromatography.
* very practical science.
+ Analysis: Philosophy :: Research methods
+ Chemistry, Types of chemistry
  * There are several types of chemistry. Analytical chemistry looks at which chemicals are in things. For example, looking at how much arsenic is in food. Organic chemistry looks at things that have carbon in them. For example, making acetylene. Inorganic chemistry looks at things that do not have carbon in them. One example is making an integrated circuit.

Atmospheric chemistry
* occurs within a fabric of complicated atmospheric dynamics and physics
  - profoundly complicated atmospheric dynamics
* takes place fast and on a small scale.
### science | chemistry:

Blood chemistry
* Blood chemistries are useful to determine the possibility of recurrence in the bones or liver.
* is altered and can lead to coma, even death.
* shows high liver enzymes-the start of fatty liver disease.
* stabilizes, allergies evaporate, and migraines cease.

Combinatorial chemistry
* cutting-edge technology used in drug research and discovery.
* has many parallels in nature
  - strong appeal for the pharmaceuticals business
* is essentially jazzed-up synthetic chemistry
  - one area in which tremendous advances are taking place
* provides thousands of bullets to shoot at the target all at once.
* scientific process by which new chemical compounds are created.

Computational chemistry
* accounts for roughly a third of the supercomputer usage worldwide.
* looks at both static and dynamic systems
  - systems. * systems. That system can be a single molecule, a group of molecules, or a solid. Computational chemistry methods range from highly accurate to very approximate. Highly accurate methods are typically feasible only for small systems

Electrochemistry
* is chemistry
* plays a significant role in biological reactions.

### science | chemistry:

Environmental chemistry
* is academic journals
  - the discipline that studies the chemical aspects of the environment
* is the study of chemical alterations in the environment
  - phenomena in the environment
* starts by understanding how the uncontaminated environment works
  - environment works. * environment works. It identifies the chemicals that are present naturally. It studies the concentration and effects of those chemicals. Then, it accurately study the effects humans have on the environment through the release of chemicals
* topic that can be effectively taught by using case studies.

Experimental chemistry
* is done using the scientific method.
* provides examples.

Femtochemistry
* enables scientists to understand how and why certain chemical reactions take place.
* is chemistry

Food chemistry
* encompasses activities from agricultural raw materials to consumer end-use products.
* is an important contributor to the nutrition of the public.

Geochemistry
* Geochemistries are chemistry.
* embraces all aspects of the study of the earth.
* quantitative treatment of fundamental geochemical processes.
* suggests the basalts formed in a continental or island arc setting.

Medicinal chemistry
* examines the organic chemistry of drug design and drug action.
* is the investigation, discovery and development of therapeutic agents.
* major contributor to the professional pharmacy curricula.
* rapidly maturing discipline.
* requires the ability to design a drug as well as to synthesize.
* unique blend of the physical and biological sciences.

Modern chemistry
* can explain wax as an arrangement of molecules.
* is the cornerstone for a large number of professions and industries.

Nuclear chemistry
* field that deals with changes that occur inside the atomic nucleus.
  - the study of how subatomic particles come together and make nuclei
* unique part of chemistry where the chemical changes involve nuclei.
### science | economics:

Economic globalization
* advances global warming and the fossil fuel industry's bottom line.
* exacerbates the inequalities between men and women.
* has obvious benefits for transnational corporations.
* is as old as history a reflection of the human drive to seek new horizons
  - guided by the neo-liberal ideology
  - promoted as both historically inevitable and a boon to the human species
  - welfare for the corporations
* means cooperation rather than confrontation
  - that cities are so inter-linked as to be almost mutually inseparable
* results both from new technologies and public policies.

Economic independence
* is key to the possibility of women liberating themselves.
* primary goal for many of the oppressed in the United States.
* results in improved family status for women.

Economic instability
* can also be a direct cause for child maltreatment.
* is compounded by political instability.

Economic integration
* enables a region to compete effectively in the world economy.
* is believed to enhance the well-being of the countries involved.
* means to obtain efficiency in resource use.

Economic nationalism
* is about states, state power, and security
  - usually a system that tends to exclude foreign capital
* root cause of war and international conflict is the result.

Economic opportunity
* Economic opportunities abound in the wake of a globalized economy and the information revolution
  - can mean the availability of jobs
  - remain in their communities to enable people to continue to live and prosper
* allows access to all of the goods and services generated in the economy.

Economic planning
* Is to create destitution.
* is designed to coordinate economic decision-making in a command economy.

Economic prosperity
* depends upon our ability to compete effectively in the global marketplace.
* is the sine qua non of national security
  - vital to sustainable development

Economic research
* examines the effect of smokefree workplaces on tobacco product consumption.
* relates to diabetes care, treatment, diagnosis, and prevention.

Electronics
* generates heat.
* has limits.

### science | electronics:

Electronic access
* is another method of delivery of information.
* major avenue to improve services which the public demands.
* privilege that entails responsibility.

Electronic control
* Name the major electronic control circuit components of a copy machine.
* are important for comfort, safety and efficiency.
* is key to improving powertrain performance.