### animal | larva | caterpillar | webworm:

Sod webworm
* Webworm injury is similar to that caused by cutworms.
* are active during the night hours feeding on grass blades
  - caterpillars of small brown to dull gray moths
  - the caterpillars of lawn moths
* can damage an area of lawn about the size of a softball.
* create patches of chewed blades
  - silken tubes in lawn thatch
* feed at night and curl up on or near the top of the soil during the day
  - only at night
* have a preference for newly seeded, thick lawns
  - one to two generations per year in Colorado
* live in the soil and damage grass roots.
* produce two to three generations each year.
* spend the winter as larvae.

### animal | larva | caterpillar:

Young caterpillar
* Many young caterpillars die from getting knocked off of their host plants by rain.
* Some young caterpillars have glands.
* are gregarious but become solitary as they grow
  - feeders, but older ones are solitary
  - pale yellow, with two rows of black marks along the body
  - yellow or green
* chew holes in the tops of leaves, then later feed from the leaf tip.
* eat buds during the day
  - flowers, while older caterpillars eat flowers and new leaves
  - leaves while older ones eat flowers
  - new leaf growth and more mature caterpillars eat both new and older growth
* feed gregariously and older caterpillars are solitary feeders
  - while older ones feed alone
* feed in clusters and older ones feed alone
  - groups and older caterpillars feed alone
* feed in groups while older caterpillars are solitary feeders
  - ones are solitary feeders
* feed in groups, and older caterpillars are solitary
  - while older caterpillars eat alone or in pairs
  - on flower buds, older ones on flowers and fruits
* feed on leaves, older caterpillars eat leaves and stems
  - superficially, leaving the upper leaf surface intact
* feed together and when older they feed alone
  - in silk webs
* feed together on new plant growth and when they are older they feed alone
  - oak flowers and older caterpillars feed mostly on leaves
* feed together while older caterpillars are solitary
  - together, but become solitary as they grow
* make a long perch by extending a leaf vein with dung and silk
  - shelters of folded leaf blades
* move in groups as they skeletonize leaves.
* occur in groups.
* spend most of their time in the crowns of trees.
* stay together and move about in a single file, following silk trails.
+ Eurytides marcellus, Life cycle
  * Females lay their eggs singly on pawpaw leaves. They are sometimes laid on the tree trunks. The egg is pale green. After three days it turns an orange-brown color. It turns dark gray just before hatching. Young caterpillars are black. Older caterpillars have two different color forms. The more common form is green. It has yellow and white stripes. The more rare form is black with white and orange stripes. The caterpillar has a bad smelling, forked gland called an osmeterium.

Younger caterpillar
* have less black.
* rely on the silk left by their older siblings.

Coral larvae
* Most coral larvae have ability.
* Some coral larvae have the ability to undergo reverse metamorphosis.
* are baby corals and are the product of sexual reproduction
  - formed in two different ways
* settle at a higher frequency on red surfaces.

Crustacean larvae
* Many crustacean larvae consume microalgae as part of their diet.
* Some crustacean larvae have types.

Cutworm larvae
* curl up tightly in a spiral shape when disturbed.
* stop feeding and seek concealed areas to spend the winter during mid-fall.

Develop larva
* e benefit from life.
* e consume fly pupas

Dobson
* Some dobsons have diets.
* includes brains
  - cell membranes
  - cells
  - corpi
  - cytoplasm
  - ears
  - heads
  - nuclei
  - plasma membranes
  - sections
  - skulls
  - vacuoles

Female larvae
* All female larvae have the potential to become either workers or queens.
* Some female larvae develop into queens.