### microbacteria:

Actinomycete
* are a broad group of bacteria that form thread-like filaments in the soil
  - special type of bacteria
  - a. b. c. d. archaea that are spiral-shaped
  - also aerobic bacteria
  - another group of bacteria
  - bacteria producing filaments like fungi
  - especially important in the formation of humus
  - filamentous like molds, but mycelial threads are smaller and profusely branched
  - fungus-like bacteria that form filamentous branches
* are microorganisms that are a sort of transitional group between bacteria and fungi
  - fit between bacteria and fungi
  - the primary decomposers of tough plant tissues like bark, paper and stems
  - very important for composting processes
* go to work next.
* have cells like bacteria, but grow as long filaments like fungi.
* is another fungus that is stringy and white.
* look like threads going in several directions at once.
* produce powdery colonies with hyphae embedded in the agar.
* usually colonize the compost after the thermophilic bacteria have been active.

### microbacteria:

Aerobic bacteria
* Most aerobic bacteria break down matter
  - use oxygen
* are able to use oxygen in cellular respiration
  - bacteria that can live and grow in the presence of oxygen
  - more active and efficient than anaerobic bacteria
  - the good guys
* break down organic material much faster than anaerobic bacteria.
* have the enzyme superoxide dismutase.
* prefer acid environments.
* produce carbon dioxide and nitrogen as byproducts.
* require free oxygen in order to survive.
* require oxygen for growth
  - metabolism and efficiently destroy the coolant
* use nitrogen to multiply and break down the organic material
  - oxygen in their respiration process

### microbacteria:

Anaerobic bacteria
* Many anaerobic bacteria are very useful and needed in soils.
* Most anaerobic bacteria cause infection.
* Most anaerobic bacteria produce substances
  - toxic substances
* Some anaerobic bacteria convert matter
  - organic matter
* Some anaerobic bacteria live in digestive tracts
  - human digestive tracts
* Some anaerobic bacteria produce compounds
  - methane
  - poisonous compounds
* are capable of survival in the absence of free oxygen
  - happy inside
  - most active over the weekend when no processes are running
  - often cultured from ulcers with ischemic necrosis or deep tissue involvement
  - small organisms that can live without oxygen
  - some of the oldest forms of life on earth
* break down organics and produce methane gas.
* can be any one of the bad guys, like e-colli, botulism, etc.
* can cause brain and spinal cord abscesses
  - infection practically anywhere in the body
  - then proliferate in the body
  - use nitrate, sulfate, or other solutes in place of oxygen for metabolism
* dominate wet compost piles and create bad odors.
* form and begin to decompose waste products.
* grow in environments lacking oxygen
  - places which completely, or almost completely, lack oxygen
* lack either superoxide dismutase or catalase or both.
* live in the absence of oxygen.
* produce methane and carbon dioxide, both greenhouse gases
  - various gases that give off odors
* release alcohol and carbon dioxide.
* thrive in environments with limited amounts of oxygen or no oxygen present.
* turn marijuana into brown slime.
* use uranium species in solution as a part of their metabolic process.

Bacterial blight
* appears as translucent water-soaked spots, which with age turn red around the rims.
* can live on debris and infected seeds for up to two years.
* causes small, irregularly shaped spots on the leaves and leaf stems.
* is caused by Pseudomonas syringae glycinea
  - most serious on white flowered varieties