### social organization | business | firm:

Corporation
* Exceed Governments in Their Power.
* Many corporations are concerned about the Internet's effect on employee productivity
  - economically larger than countries in which they operate
  - believe that an ethical corporate culture is related to strategic advantage
  - conduct business around the world
  - earn income from business activities in more than one state
  - encourage employees to stay active in family life
* Many corporations generate revenues in excess of the gross domestic products of many countries
  - of the gross domestic products of several countries
  - give away a portion of their profits to good causes
  - handle personal information for means of conducting business
* Many corporations have firewalls to protect their computers
  - investment policies that guide their portfolio decisions
  - revenues larger than governments
  - websites which offer an abundance of information, including annual reports
  - make non-monetary contributions, which are often easier to get than cash
* Many corporations match gifts made by their employees to educational causes
  - of their employees, spouses and retired employees
  - the gifts their employees make to charities
  - pay lower tax rates than private individuals
  - spend millions of dollars annually on business cards and other imprinted items
  - sponsor their own teams, which play in organized leagues
  - team up with charitable organizations to raise money
* Many corporations use Web sites as key components of their marketing campaigns
  - firewalls to protect sensitive information from hackers, etc
  - multiple systems to manage worker health and safety
  - usually allocate funds to be used for charitable donations
* Most corporations allow their employees to keep the bonuses earned on a company expense account
  - are concerned about how their employees utilize their time
  - fund where they have operations and employees
* Most corporations have more than one mail system
  - programs that match charitable contributions made by employees
  - public relations departments
  - real estate that is managed by a real property asset management specialist
* Some corporations are as large and powerful as small nations
  - larger and more powerful than some governments
  - richer and more powerful than nations
  - become so large that they do business in many countries
  - discard waste without safety measures and contaminate soil and water
* Some corporations have dozens of divisions world-wide, and employ hundreds of thousands of people
  - legal existence
  - offices dedicated to philanthropic giving
  - principal offices
  - issue bonds for less than their par values
  - raise cattle
  - seek to maximize their profit by reducing the quality of their products
* also benefit by publicly supporting education
  - develop their communities by enhancing the environment in which they operate
  - finance privately owned landfills
  - use maps to show where their stores are for their customer's convenience
* are a major source of revenue for federal and provincial governments
  - more costly and complicated form of business organization than partnerships
  - particular type of unregistered association
  - separate legal entity and are subject to corporate tax on taxable income
  - system of power
  - an artificial being with the legal rights, liabilities and duties of a person
  - arguably the most powerful force shaping the future of humankind
* are artificial entities and can only act through agents
  - separate and apart from natural persons
  - at the opposite end of the spectrum of available forms of business entities
  - bloodless, a collection of documents and tax forms as much as a legion of people
* are business entities chartered by states that are legally separate from their owners
  - that exist separately from any given individual
  - businesses
  - citizens
  - companies
  - consumers
* are creations of law and are only permitted to do what is authorized under law
  - the state, with methods of creation dictated by state statute
* are creatures of both statute and contract
  - statute formed by the filing of the articles of incorporation
  - dictatorships
  - entities of pure evil with no view of the future
  - geographically widespread
  - hierarchical and modeled after the military
  - in business to make profits for their shareholders
  - inherently no more and no less capable of integrity than individuals
  - instrumentalities set up by the sovereign people to perform specific functions
  - large business
* are legal entities chartered by state governments
  - formed and governed under legislation
  - given the rights of people
* are legal fictions designed for economic profit
  - that exist solely to maximize the profits of their shareholders
  - less and less rooted in the community and in the country
  - made of people and people have long memories
  - mere pieces of paper, which government can change and alter at their whim
  - more complicated to organize than the other forms of ownership
* are more expensive to form and operate than sole proprietorships and partnerships
  - than other types of businesses
  - persons, and have been for over a century
  - public bodies created by public charter to serve a public interest
  - separate entities, legally and financially distinct from their owners
* are subject to greater governmental control than other forms of doing business
  - income and other taxes
  - supporters of social issues
  - taxable entities that fall under a different scheme from individuals
* are the biggest employers of freelance writers
  - engine of wealth creation
  - form of business organization most often associated with the term business
  - kinds of entities that like to keep their communications private
* are the main form of business in which owners have limited liability
  - proponents of the orthodoxy of economic growth
  - only device society has to effectively create wealth
  - third major source of debt securities
  - transnational, merging and splitting like slime molds
  - well known for their detailed budgets and financial statements
* benefit greatly from establishing brand loyalty among children.
* bring jobs to communities and help support other businesses.
* build carriers.
* can be either government-owned or privately owned
  - combine with each other, into bigger and more powerful entities
  - do evil things, but so can governments, families and religious sects
  - have an existence that survives their owners
  - hide people of color and women in jobs out of the main chain of command
  - only act through their individual employees and agents
  - pay dividends out of both profits and surplus
* can raise capital by issuing stock,bonds or other securities
  - simply selling new stock, bonds, or other securities
* can, and do, own personal property.
* comprise individuals who make up teams, business units, departments and divisions.
* control commodification, work, and media and target individual identity
  - vast quantities of wealth and have impact on many lives
* depend upon a body of law in which they can operate without interference.
* do experience double-taxation.
* dominate media, universities and education
  - science and medicine, and determine what gets researched and published
* evolve from small businesses to larger entities through blood and sweat.
* exist as legal entities under the law, quasi-legal people
  - because of consumers
* exist to make a profit for some stockholders
* exist to make money for their officers and shareholders
* exists solely to produce profits and converse only in the language of accounting.
* expand the use of their money to buy, rent, lease or influence politicians.
* follow the principle of centralized management.
* give money to institutions to help expand markets.
* have a lower federal tax rate at all levels of income compared with individuals
  - relative level of autonomy as well as a level of freedom of action
  - different forms for taxation purposes
  - direct impact on the lives of poor people each and every day
  - ideas
  - innovative ideas
  - neither race nor color
* have no conscience, but exist solely for whatever profits they can make
  - constitutions, no bills of rights
  - heart or soul
  - laws that control their morality or ethics
  - perpetual life
  - social responsibilities as they are an integral part of society
  - the status of artificial legal persons
  - tremendous power, even more so than governments today
* increase presence.
* inform members.
* involve individuals, property and a legal structure.
* is de jure municipal corporation and political subdivision.
* issue ownership shares in the form of common stock.
* like to refer to themselves as families.
* live or die by whether they can sustain growth.
* merge for growth opportunities and as companies grow they typically add employees.
* move people to areas experiencing healthier economies
  - thousands of employees and their families every year
* need experts
  - guidance
* now own and manage huge domains of the public sector.
* often benefit from more than one round of public subsidies
  - issue bonds as well as stock as a means of raising capital
* only exist through their individual officers, agents, or employees.
* operate in regions.
* own a very small percentage of business assets
  - supermarkets
* pay a lower rate of income tax than individuals
  - tax on capital gain at the same rate as tax on ordinary income
  - taxes on the business income at corporate tax rates
* pollute the air inside workplaces as well.
* possess, in many respect, greater rights than human beings.
* raise and invest billions of dollars of capital annually.
* regularly prepare balance sheets to determine their current net worth.
* routinely use urine tests to check for drugs.
* sell bonds to help finance their ongoing business activities.
* share stock and airplanes are considered personal property.
* spend big money to make sure people see a repetitive, consistent image.
* support restrictions.
* tend to be powerful economically and devoid of human connection and meaning
  - see the light only when they begin to feel the heat
* think in terms of volume sales, economies of scale, export to other countries.
* use scenarios
  - statistics to promote and improve their products
  - the word 'globalization' to describe the transformation in the world economy
* usually have a perpetual life as well, distinct from that of the shareholders
  - set of bylaws which govern how the corporation is run
+ Buzzword: Rhetoric :: Figures of speech :: Terminology
  * A 'buzzword' is a word or phrase that is made to either summarize a complex idea or reconstruct another word or phrase to reflect a particular point of view. Corporations make up buzzwords so that they can advertise stuff better. In this way, a buzzword is a lot like a product name or a proper noun. People can remember buzzwords better than non-buzzwords, which is why its good for advertising.