### plant | tracheophyte | bush | privet:

Japanese privet
* Most japanese privets have dark foliage
* Most japanese privets survive cold winter
* Some japanese privets invade beds
* occurs mainly in the southeastern United States.

### plant | tracheophyte | bush:

Protea
* Most proteas occur south of the Limpopo River.
* also make beautiful arrangements when they are dried.
* are a family of shrubs with unusual and beautiful flowers
  - part of fynbos
  - specialty of Maui Island
  - all natives of Africa with the majority of species concentrated in South Africa
  - excellent in both fresh flower arrangements and as dried flowers
  - more vulnerable to frost than leucadendron and waratah
  - native to South Africa
  - plants
  - very slow growing plants taking a few years to become well established
* come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes.
* have striking flowers.
* usually flower during spring time.

### plant | tracheophyte | bush:

Purple loosestrife
* European plant that was introduced to North America as a gardening plant.
* appears to reduce waterfowl, beaver and muskrat activity.
* beautiful perennial wwith a spike of purple flowers blooming in the summer.
* can also invade drier sites
  - spread vegetatively, by pieces of the stems or roots
* causes dramatic disruption to the ecological balance.
* forms a woody crown from which it sends up new shoots each year
  - dense stands of vegetation crowding out other species
* grows in wetlands and along fresh water lakes, streams, rivers and creeks
  - too think to allow birds to nest
* has a specialized method of reproduction
  - the capabilities of rapid expansion either vegetatively or by seed dispersal
  - three types of flowers, with only one type of flower per individual plant
  - vivid purple-pink flowers and blooms in summer and early fall
* highly aggressive, perennial wetland plant native to Eurasia
  - competitive weed that replaces native wetland communities
* invades a Northern California lake
  - wetland areas and displaces native plants, such as cattails shown here
* is an aggressive invader of waterways
  - attractive plant, with pretty purple flowers
  - introduced perennial plant that agresively takes over native wetlands
  - invading species with few if any local natural predators
  - invasive species, displacing native wetland plants
  - invasive, exotic species that severely impact wetlands
  - found in wetlands such as cattail marshes, sedge meadows, and bogs
  - illegal to sell or transport in much of North America
  - one of the most common non-native plants in the Great Lakes region
  - used by honey bees, but is considered of minor importance as a nectar source
* lives near water and native of Europe.
* noxious weed in Alberta and Manitoba.
* perennial herb with tough stems growing in a clump up to six feet tall
  - introduced from Europe
* plant native to Europe
  - that people brought from Europe
* problem because it negatively affects wildlife and agriculture.
* produces abundant nectar and is attractive to honeybees and other pollinators.
* spreads primarily by seed germination in moist soil areas.
* takes over native vegetation forming a monoculture.
* tall plant with bright purple spiked flowers.
* tall, bushy, long-lived perennial.