### condition | sclerosis:

Atherosclerosis
* Define the systemic risk factors for atherosclerosis.
* Some atherosclerosis affects hearts.
* Some atherosclerosis leads to attacks
  - heart attacks
* affects all arteries
  - different arteries at different rates in different people
  - large and medium-sized arteries
  - medium and large sized arteries in the body
  - the heart, brain etc
* also raises blood pressure.
* begins in childhood.
* begins when insulin resistance begins
  - something injures the lining of an artery
  - with the accu mulation of fatty streaks on the inner arterial walls
* build up af fat and cholesterol deposits within the wall of an artery.
* buildup of fatty deposits within the walls of the arteries
  - material called plaque on and in the wall of an artery
* can affect flow to the brain, heart
  - also upset the delicate balance of blood clots
* can cause a heart attack or stroke
  - two kinds of blockages
  - lead to an increased risk of heart attack or stroke
* can lead to heart attack
  - attacks and strokes or poor circulation in the legs and feet
  - disease and strokes
  - occur in any artery in the body
  - take a toll through other mechanisms as well however
  - ultimately lead to a heart attack
* causes decreased blood flow
  - more deaths from heart disease than any other single condition
  - the arteries in the legs to become narrow
* chronic accumulation of fat deposits within the wall of an artery
  - illness that develops over decades
* common disorder of the arteries.
* condition affecting the circulatory system
  - in which fatty deposits build up on the inside of the arteries
  - of plaque build-up in the medium and larger sized arteries
* degenerative disease that results in narrowing of the coronary arteries.
* develops over years.
* disease affecting the arterial blood vessel
  - caused by faulty or incomplete lipid metabolism
  - condition that can occur throughout the arterial circulation
* disease of large and medium-sized arteries
  - process that occurs over years
  - that develops over several decades
* form of arteriosclerosis, or hardening of the arteries
* gets progressively worse with increasing age.
* has a higher incidence in people who have diabetes
  - many features in common with chronic inflammatory processes
  - the characteristic of a lesion, or atheromatous plaque
* healing process.
* increases the risk of heart attack, stroke and heart disease.
* invades both the superficial and deep layers of the vessel walls.
* involves a buildup of rough, fatty deposits on the blood vessel walls.
* is accelerated by high blood pressure
  - in diabetics
* is also a factor in causing arrhythmia
  - leading cause of many deaths from heart attack and stroke
  - basically a two-step process
  - caused by high cholesterol and smoking
* is caused by the adherence of platelets to the arterial walls
  - deposit of substances in the artery s inner lining
* is characterized by plaque accumulation in arteries that begins in early adulthood
  - reduced elasticity of vessels and arteries
  - the build-up of cholesterol in the walls of arteries
  - classified as an ageing disease
  - collected fatty deposits and cholesterol in the arterial walls
  - common in patients who are of middle or old age
  - described as degenerative changes in the walls of the arteries
  - essentially a chronic form of inflamation
  - generally worse at the beginning of an artery where turbulence is greater
  - illnesses
  - induced by the combined effects of genetic and environmental factors
  - induration
  - known to cause heart attacks and strokes
  - measured by ultrasonography
* is more common as people get older and gets worse over time
  - in men of all age groups
* is one of the known precursors to heart attack
  - major cardiovascular diseases
  - nation's most significant health problems
  - ways of accelerating the hardening process
  - pathologically similar to a chronic inflammatory response
  - probably the result of the action of many genes
  - rapid in the diabetic kidney
  - responsible for most cardiovascular disease
  - the build up of cholesterol deposits, or plaque, in the lining of the arteries
* is the build-up of cholesterol and inflammatory cells in the walls of arteries
  - fatty substances on the inside of the artery walls
  - plaque in the arteries
  - commonest cause of obstruction
  - disease process that can lead to heart disease and stroke
  - gradual buildup of fat and cholesterol deposits in the arteries
* is the leading cause of angina
  - both brain attack and heart attack
* is the leading cause of death in Europe and North America
  - in the developed world
  - major form of heart disease in Western countries
  - most common arterial disease
* is the most common cause of abdominal aortic aneurysms
  - coronary artery disease in lupus
  - coronary heart disease, including heart attacks
* is the narrowing of the arteries caused by plaque accumulation
  - underlying cause of heart attacks or stroke
* is the underlying process that causes heart attacks and most strokes
  - most heart disease
  - usually progressive and frequently leads to complications
* is, by far, the most common cause.
* leading cause of death in the United States.
* leads to heart disease, strokes and other forms of vascular disease
  - ischemic strokes by making arteries narrow, rough, stiff and weak
  - strokes, heart attacks, and other serious health problems
* major contributor to coronary heart disease and stroke
  - risk factor for heart attack
* means less blood is flowing through the arteries.
* narrowing of the arteries caused by plaques on the inner lining
  - from plaques on the inner lining
* narrows the blood vessels and thus decreases blood flow to the kidneys.
* occurs over time as the arteries gradually narrow because of buildup of plaque
  - when deposits, called plaque, collect on the inside walls of arteries
* predisposing condition for heart attack and stroke.
* problem that tends to compound itself.
* progressive condition leading to arterial blockage and reduced blood flow
  - disease and can develop in any artery in the body
  - problem that, in some people, begins early in life
* refers to the accumulation of fatty streak lesions in the coronary arteries.
* remains a common and significant cause of morbidity and mortality in our society.
* result of long-term high blood cholesterol levels.
* sequence of events.
* shows no symptoms until a complication occurs.
* significantly increases the risk of heart disease and stroke.
* silent killer.
* silent, painless process that results in reduced blood flow.
* starts early
  - in childhood, and is accelerated in some individuals
* takes many years, even decades to develop.
* tends to collect near branching points in the arteries.
* thickening or hardening of the arteries.
* type of arteriosclerosis that primarily affects the inner lining of the artery
  - arteriosclerosis, but the two words are often used interchangeably
* usually indicates hypertension or high blood pressure
  - involves the proximal ICA and carotid bulb
+ Coronary heart disease, Atherosclerosis: Heart disease
  * Atherosclerosis is a form of heart disease. This causes the arteries to become harder. It also makes it more difficult for blood to flow through the arteries. This can cause blood clots to form, blocking blood from traveling through the arteries. Small pieces of plaque can also break off and block smaller blood vessels.