### action | chemical action:

Gasification
* begins as the particles rapidly absorb energy from the high enthalpy torch gas.
* turns biomass into a more useful form, gas.

### action | chemical action | gasification:

Coal gasification
* can also take place underground.
* process by which coal is converted into a synthetic fuel, natural gas.
* produces methane from abundant coal.

### action | chemical action:

Hydrogenation
* also increases the time it takes before oils become rancid, so they stay fresh longer.
* changes liquid oils into a more solid form of fat.
* contributes important textural properties to food.
* hardens a liquid vegetable oil so it looks, feels, and acts like butter.
* impairs the hypolipidemic effect of corn oil in humans.
* increases firmness and resistance to rancidity
  - product shelf life and decreases refrigeration requirements
* increases the firmness and melting point of oils
  - melting point and oxidative stability of fat
  - saturation and therefore makes it more harmful to the body
  - shelf life and flavor stability of oils and foods
* is chemical process, which creates the widely used hydrogenated oils
  - processes
* is the process of adding hydrogen to a liquid oil to produce a semi-solid oil
  - that keeps liquid oil solid at room temperature
* is used in making crude oil from coal
  - the manufacture of organic chemical products
* lessens the amount of unsaturation and also hardens the oils.
* makes unsaturated fats more saturated.
* occurs when vegetable oil is changed from a liquid to a solid.
* physically alters any EFAs in the oil, which creates artificial fatty acids.
* process that changes the melting behavior of liquid oils and improves stability
  - makes an oil more solid at room temperature
  - used to harden vegetable oils to produce spreads like margarine
* produces the bulk of dietary trans fats now recognized as unhealthy for the heart.
* solidifies the oil by pushing bubbles of hydrogen through it.
* way of making vegetable oil harden at room temperature.

### action | chemical action:

Polymerization
* begins when reactive components first come in contact.
  - reaction in which small molecules combine to form larger molecules
* forms submicronic particles.
* involves model compounds and lignin fragments having a free phenol hydroxyl.
* is chemical processes
  - initiated by a metal complex exhibiting unprecedented high activity
* is the process by which many small molecules join together to form large molecules
  - small molecules react to form a long chain - a polymer
  - of joining monomers
* occurs at atmospheric pressure and at moderate temeperature
  - within a matter of seconds
* proceeds more rapidly in larger batches.

### action | chemical action | polymerization:

Actin polymerization
* is necessary for mammalian cellular locomotion.
* pushes the cell membrane forward during cellular locomotion.

### action | chemical action:

Proteolysis
* also generates active peptide hormones from larger precursor polypeptides.
* are chemical processes.
* can be highly promiscuous such that a wide range of protein substrates are hydrolysed.
* is irreversible, unlike most posttranslational modifications
  - suppressed during periods of oxidative stress
* is the most important event in ripening
  - process that breaks down proteins
* refers to the cutting up or digestion of proteins.
* vigorous process during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.

Syneresis
* also occurs secondary to previous intraocular inflammation.
* is the contraction of the curd with the release of the water.