### entity:

Language
* Addresses the innateness issue of human language in terms of neurobiology.
* All Languages have special terms to describe colors and colorfulness
  - language is the representation of concepts
* All languages adapt and change because of contact between people
  - also have at least one stop consonant
  - are subject to birth and death
  - can express abstract ideas, science, and art equally, though maybe differently
  - change over time
  - change, just as other aspects of human society are constantly changing
  - distinguish between consonant and vowel sounds
* All languages have a limited number of words to use in expressing thoughts and ideas
  - written form
  - at least a category of verbs and nouns
  - grammar rules, whether they are formal rules or informal patterns
  - pronominal categories involving at least three persons and two numbers
  - the purpose of being able to communicate
  - their own grammar
  - words which tend to be used with certain other words
  - make a distinction between the form and the sense of a word
* Any language bundle of dialects, none of which is superior to any other
  - consisting of all but finitely many strings over some alphabet is necessarily regular
  - develops as a spoken language
  - is primarily what people speak
  - signifies a vocal system by which members of a social group interact with one another
* Every language codifies a way of cognizing, experiencing and organizing knowledge of the world.
* Every language has a basic vocabulary of similar words and expressions
  - word order for the words in a sentence
  - distinctive rhythm and the rhythm of some are very different from others
  - limited number of ways to form phrases, clauses and other syntactic units
  - syntax
  - way of referring to present, past, and future
  - about as much syntax as any other language
  - an alphabet and predictive astrology is no different
  - both cardinal and ordinal numbers
  - certain rhythms that are peculiar to itself
  - rules about how sounds can be combined
  - words with multiple meanings
  - is an arbitrary system through which an individual culture perceives the world
* Fluently write, read, and speak Spanish.
* IS, after all, human communication.
* Many language learning tasks focus on accuracy.
* Many languages add a variety of accents to the basic letters, and a few also use extra letters
  - are spoken in Liberia
  - distinguish between knowing with the mind and knowing with the senses
  - divide the color spectrum into completely different and unequal units of color
* Many languages have alternative numbering systems and special characters that represent numbers
  - more complex rules for sorting than English
  - multiple words where English has only one
  - regional dialects
  - their own way of expressing the sounds they use in communication
  - two quite different types of equational sentences
  - lack the possessive verb to have , as well as the auxiliary to have
  - require more letters than English does
  - think of objects as a collection of slots
* Many languages use a small set of symbols or letters to form words
  - glyphs that extend beyond the ascent line or descent line
  - tildes
  - unmarked verbs for the third person
* Most language is acquired in the first four years of life
  - spoken language, and most words once they are uttered, vanish forever into the air
* Most languages benefit from reading input all at once, instead of line by line
  - define sorting orders for strings expressed in their alphabet
* Most languages have a syntax and semantics
  - dialects, each with a distinctive accent, grammar, vocabulary, and idiom
  - official 'standards' that define the rules of how to write the source code
  - one main linking verb
  - rules and conventional methods for writing poetry
  - velars
  - represent a string as a data type, or as an array of characters
  - simulate multi-dimensional arrays by creating an array of arrays in memory
  - use a small number of generic types of languages
* Some languages allow a child to inherit from more than one parent
  - the composition of all or nearly all types of elements
* Some languages are even more prone to wordplay, others less so
  - famous for the political or social group they are associated with
  - object-oriented
  - richer in the number of figures of speech than others
* Some languages can be more expressive than others, but they usually tend to be hard to work with
  - quite musical in their flow and pronunciation
  - combine several varieties of classifiers
  - drop the diacritics when presenting capital letters
  - emphasize feelings by having many words for how people feel
* Some languages have a 'voiceless alveolar trill'
  - high correspondence between phonemes and letters
  - neuter category, which is helpful for dealing with the inanimate world
  - all three tenses, some have only two, and some have no tenses at all
  - different words to convey the several meanings of single English words
  - more than one encoding
  - no nasals
  - only one fluent speaker left, and for many, there are none
  - traditional orders of letters specifically for numbering
  - omit vowels in writing
  - read from right to left, rather than from left to right
* Some languages refer to double as well as long and short
  - femenine vs. masculine
  - represent, through symbols, complete syllables -e.g
  - support expressions over larger values, e.g., vector, strings, etc
* Some languages use a verbal affix while others use a special anaphoric pronoun
  - an ideographic writing system
  - more than one writing system
  - one word for green and blue or for yellow and orange
* Some languages use the accent to actually make new letters
  - show the same changes in sounds, but others use it differently
  - verbs to convey the action, while some use nouns
* Understands all spoken and written languages.
* accrue over time.
* affects attitudes
  - human structure, the depth of our breathing, and the tension level of muscles
  - thinking
* aids people in adjusting along with their culture as it changes
  - as their culture changes
* allows a people to preserve and pass on their heritage
  - human beings to express their emotions
  - humans to cooperate on a very large scale
  - people to replicate , represent , recreate , or modify experience
* also carries culture developed through history, within specific geographical areas
  - changes, from using different sounds in words, which are called phonemes
  - comes to class in the form of native speakers
  - differ in how they convert from a real number to an integer
  - have other words that are used to identify things, but with a different purpose
  - is created by human activity
  - plays a crucial role in today's economy
  - serves as a window into human cognition
* anchors the mind to a given culture.
* appears when actions begin to be represented symbolically.
* are all about communicating with people and most communication is through speech
  - always coherent and logical, yet they are in a constant state of change over time
  - bridges which bind speakers and listeners together in shared meaning and belonging
  - central to our identity as distinct people
* are communication systems made up of a collection of interdependent elements
  - conventional, arbitrary, and learned behavior
  - cultural heritage of specific peoples
  - fundamental, because thought and expression are inherently merged
  - important in a world that is becoming increasingly interdependent
  - in native language and in English
  - inexact and idiomatic media
  - key to creating a Europe-wide community, and to learning more about other cultures
  - memes that display many of the properties of living organisms
* are more than a collection of words
  - just a means for people to communicate
  - mostly hierarchical
  - primarily European languages
  - t-words, because of sprog
* are the old-growth forest of the human spirit
  - sets of messages and responses with which agents can communicate with each other
  - very important in business
* badge of identity.
* barrier that can be easily overcome.
* basic expression of the genes.
* begins with cooing and progresses to babbling, the repetition of speechlike sounds.
* belonging to the same family share common ancestors.
* both a cultural product and a natural phenomenon.
* bridge to other cultures.
* can also differ in how they treat mixed integers and reals
  - induce, as well as communicate, emotion
* can be a barrier to understanding each other
  - barrier, or a bridge, between different peoples
  - major barrier to literacy
  - visual or auditory, speech is the use of ones voice to talk
  - words, gestures or writing
  - elevate thought and ennoble our behavior
  - have many forms
  - help create light without heat
  - induce insecurity and fear
  - show what is important in a culture
* central concern of humankind and with good reason.
* change Any change in a language that takes place over time
  - The word repertoire of every language alters constantly
  - and are built everyday by everyone who speaks it
  - over time and vary over space
  - randomly and constantly
  - very slowly - even though a vocabulary can grow quite quickly
* change with time and over space
* changes during the normal aging process
  - more quickly than any other human activity
* city to the building of which every human being brought a stone.
* code for expressing and interpreting oral and written thoughts and needs.
* common thread that binds society.
* communicates what is meaningful to people as it is defined by a particular culture.
* conditions our unconscious, conscious minds.
* consists of exchanges of meaning in various interpersonal contexts
  - more than nouns
  - sounds, forms and meaning
  - speaking, reading, and writing
* contain commands that cause the computer to do certain things.
* continues to be created by society, and remain a strong force in human lives.
* continuum of the values of Natural Law.
* cortical organization and processing talent.
* creates and sustains society
  - the human world
* crossing national boundaries include subgroups by region and by dialect.
* cultural matter, a way of expressing meanings, of coding experiences
  - mosaic of communication
  - virus, analogous to biological ones
* deals with the capacity to make reference to objects and operations.
* describes what is already present to consciousness before the advent of any signs.
* determines how people understand and communicate about their world.
* determining factor in the construction of self and identity.
* develops along standard lines correlated with age and other types of development
  - and changes over time
  - as a child plays and interacts with others
* differ in structure, content, number of words, and usage.
* differ in what actions they consider to be reflexive
  - sounds, or phonemes , they use to distinguish between words
* directly effects emotions and vice versa.
* dominant influence in the development of culture.
* emerges to reflect and schematize the patterns of an intangible social interaction.
* evokes histories, emotions, values, issues, knowledge, and inventions.
* evolve and change to fill the needs of the changing society
  - much more slowly than computer architectures
  - over centuries
  - very fast compared to biological evolution
* evolve, adapt, die and are reborn.
* exists as a primary means of communication for our being
  - because of how the mind is built
  - only when it is listened to as well as spoken
* exists to communicate ideas
  - whatever it can communicate
* expand a child's cognitive development.
* fluid, ever-changing medium.
* force in national and social cohesion.
* form an important part of our culture.
* form of communication specific to humans
  - situated action
* foundation of all human interactions and relationships
  - literature
* fundamental component of Hawaiian culture
  - element of culture
  - part of Indigenous heritage
* game for more than one player.
* gift Any person expresses oneself through a language.
* gives humans a freedom which animals lack
  - means by which to negotiate meaning through symbols
  - the ability to communicate the past, present, and the future
* grows and expands meaning by means of metaphors.
* has a big influence on people
  - body and the body has a language
  - fundamental role to play in the process of cognitive and affective development
  - major role in all subjects including reading, math, history, geography, and even art
  - very large auditory component
  - everything to do with social existence
  - gender
  - meaning and structure, or syntax, and visual information
  - power over behavior
  - power, and it reflects or creates inner thought and direction
  - social meaning
  - sound patterns including rhyme, rhythm, alliteration, repetition
  - structural patterns and conventions
  - structure , phoneme, pitch, rhythm, syncopation
  - structures and conventions
  - the power to represent people, their customs and traditions
  - two forms, written and spoken
* have different sounds, and they also have different ways of spelling their sounds
  - hard words
  - their own cultures and laws of expression
* helps a child to understand a visual situation by adding meaning to it
  - shape a people's identity
* highly significant manifestation of culture.
  - invention that keeps changing over time, and as such, it can only be contingent
* includes natural and artificial languages and texts
  - reading, phonetics, spelling, vocabulary, grammar and handwriting
* influences our thoughts and beliefs.
* involves listening, reading, speaking, and writing skills
  - signs, sounds, and often written forms
* is about communicating with other people.
* is acquired by imitation
  - learning and exposure
  - active in reconstruction and retaining of suppressed memories
  - advanced through multiple forms of self-expression
* is also a behaviour so it can be based on the same principles
  - byproduct of emotional attachment
  - visible marker that provides a way of tracing the history of a culture
  - closely interrelated to the emotional and sensory interpretation of information
  - material in that it is subject to change and decline
  - among the most complex and robust of all human cognitive capabilities
* is an abstract system of word meanings and symbols for all aspects of culture
  - auditory skill
  - efficient ordering of the world's enigmatic abundance
  - elementary form of teaching
  - encyclopaedia of ignorance
  - essential part of modern human communication
  - essentially human means of communication
  - example of cortical localisation
  - expression of our identity
  - external representation of internal thoughts
  - identity marker
* is an important element of cultural identity
  - marker of social status
  - means of communication, even for babies
* is an important part of culture and identity
  - defining culture
  - the pre-operational child's life
  - procedural skill learned by children in the first years of life
* is an important tool for everyday living
  - way for humans to communicate
  - ingenious tool of the human race - whether spoken or written
  - inherently digital medium of communication
* is an integral part of a culture
  - any culture
  - human reasoning
  - the definition of culture
  - intellectual tool basic to all disciplines
  - intergral part of every human society
  - another important way in which sensitivity to cultures and diversity can be expressed
* is arguably the most basic component of culture
  - what separates human beings from all other animals
  - as important to learning mathematics as it is to learning to read
  - at once the most diverse and the most clearly structured aspect of human behavior
* is at the center of human activity
  - heart of the human experience
  - same time structure and communication
* is based on a type of logic system
  - ideas and experiences
  - biological, an innate way to communicate
  - born in relationships
* is both a tool of thought and a means of communication
  - instrumental for and symbolic of power relations in society
  - motor and perceptual, yet, fundamentally, neither
  - personal and social
  - the vehicle and the most profound expression of culture
  - broken into sentences or phrases
  - by definition speech, and the regulation of any language is the regulation of speech
* is central to anthropological inquiry
  - individual and group affiliation and culture maintenance
  - the transmission of culture
  - communication, but the idiom can vary from region to region
  - complexs
  - composed of nouns and verbs
  - concerned with shaping action and, as such, it always has a context
  - crucial to learning and making sense of the world
  - defined by many people in many ways
  - determined by how people agree to speak and what is understood
* is different from speech
  - in different ages
  - than religion, for example
  - divided into content, form, and use
* is dynamic, capable of adapting and evolving
  - it grows, changes and develops
  - electricity generated by the mind from the flood of experience
  - emphasized as the means by which culture is transmitted from one generation to the next
  - essential to human identity
  - faculty
  - for talking, either vocally or in print, for exchanging ideas
  - fundamental to all social situations including open and distance educational contexts
  - given meaning and constructed by communities
* is how humans communicate, it form of increasing production
  - people integrate knowledge in order to make sense of their lives
  - humanity's way of reaching out
* is important because it is how adults pass on ideas to children
  - for becoming a literate person
  - in maintaining folklife
  - in that world, and meaning
  - inference from ambiguous information
  - instrumental in forming our perceptions of reality
  - introduced through speaking, writing, and reading
  - investigated as a species-specific form of behaviour
  - language only when it is whole
  - language, whether one likes it, adapts to it or refuses it
* is learned by direct communication
  - in a thematic context, based on real-life situations
* is learned through literature
  - speaking, singing, writing and reading
  - lived from within
  - mediums
  - more skill than knowledge
* is more than a form of communication
  - mode of communication
  - reading and writing
  - simply a method of sharing ideas
  - the ability to listen and speak
  - words or descriptions
* is most meaningful when experienced within cultural contexts
  - sensitive to and reflective of social changes
  - necessary for communication of ideas and intentions
* is often a powerful symbol of ethnic identity and heritage
* is one area of cognitive psychology, which itself is part of psych
  - defining characteristic of a culture
  - expression of the characteristics, of the nature of a civilisation and culture
  - of our chief forms of representing information
* is one of the characteristics which distinguish man from the animals
  - chief ways in which people show who they are and where they belong
  - essential keys to cultural and personal identity
  - main characteristics of every culture
* is one of the most fascinating aspects of human life
  - fundamental human instincts
  - important aspects of culture
  - thing that bonds teenagers to their parents
  - only one form of communication
  - our source of the self and our barrier from understanding and reaching it
* is part of communication and is strongly influenced by culture and tradition
  - culture, the system of knowledge that generates behavior
  - human cognition -part of the human mind
  - perfect because it allows all people to give birth
  - perhaps the most precious and defining attribute of any culture
  - pleasure and power
  - primarily an auditory system of symbols
* is probably the hallmark of human race
  - most important aspect of any culture
  - purest form of culture
  - related to identity, culture, and memory
  - runtime configurable in software
  - simply a means of expressing the human mind
  - so basic to what people do and are that it permeates everything in our experience
* is something everyone creates
  - that requires both physical and mental capacities to merge
  - source of power, control and status
  - specific to one's cultural group whether formal, informal, verbal, or nonverbal
* is structured by the rules of grammar
  - in hierarchical components that are interdependent
* is taught as a linguistic, biological and physical concept
  - by the environment
  - in a natural setting
  - that area of the curriculum where learners study and use language and literature
* is the amber in which a thousand precious thoughts have been safely embedded and preserved
  - archetype and the basis of social communication means
  - archives of history
  - basic feedback loop that defines consciousness
* is the basis of civilization
  - learning, understanding and communication
  - mass communication
  - blood of the soul into which thoughts run and out of which they grow
  - bloodstream of our culture, the real infrastructure of civilization
  - brain activity used in communication
* is the bridge between black and white, between red and brown, between yellow and brown
  - material fact and mental abstraction
  - our biological and cultural evolution
  - person and person
  - where body meets the soul
  - building block of consciousness
  - characteristic of the attachment of self to particular cultural patterns
  - chief difference that divides the various cultural groups
  - child of the literary mind
  - closest form of expression to the whispers of the mind
  - code for understanding and communication between humans
  - common thread woven throughout all aspects of a society
  - communication system which enables an individual to function in society
  - complex mating call, and society is the unison, neurotic foreplay
  - connection to our community and the world
  - crux of communication
  - currency of exchange
  - determining factor to the basic tenets of life and living
  - disk operating system of the brain
  - dress of thought
  - expression of human communication
  - fabric of the web
  - first abstraction of human experience, the foundation for all the others
  - food of the intellect
* is the foundation of ethnic culture
  - gateway to understanding culture
  - glue that holds people together
  - hallmark of our species
* is the heart of any culture
  - immediate actuality of thought
  - instrument of thought
* is the key to a person's culture and culture is the very essence of a person's identity
  - cultural survival
* is the key to understanding a people and their culture
  - light of the mind
  - limitation of mind
  - main way to gain entry into another culture
  - major means of cultural transmission
* is the means by which one identifies and defines concepts clearly
  - for most of the child's intellectual, emotional, and social development
* is the medium by which every fact, opinion, and belief is conveyed
  - in which human beings think and by which they express what they have thought
  - of therapy and research
  - memory of the human race
  - mind's opposable thumb
* is the most advanced evolutionary feature of the brain
  - common variable by which cultural groups are identified
  - complex expression of our humanity and individuality
  - essential component, the cornerstone of communication
  - fluid aspect of culture
* is the most important aspect of culture
  - means of human intercourse
  - medium or vehicle for teaching and learning processes
  - revelational aspect of the inner thoughts and attitudes of man
  - universal and basic means of communication
  - utilized form of communication
  - one area of development that can indicate future success in school
  - only barrier to communication with almost any spot in the world
  - outstanding distinctive mark of human thought and behaviour
* is the primary means of human expression
  - medium for teaching, growth, and change
  - repository and vehicle for the preservation and transmittal of culture
  - tool for expressing culture and thought
* is the prime instrument used to try to solve the human ego problem
  - mediator of collaborative cognition
  - primordial poetry in which a people speak being'
  - ring which joins people together
  - road map of a culture
* is the single greatest accomplishment in human history
  - most important predictor of a child's ability to learn
  - soul of the country and people who speak it
  - source of motion, which enters and emerges from the Void all at once
  - structures that are generated from the golden mean by the reconstructive equation
  - study of communication for various populations of people around the world
* is the symbolic interaction that so far has separated humans from other animals
  - representation of human perceptions
  - system of skills which produces speech
  - tool by which mankind understands the dimensions of time and space
* is the tool of choice for philosophers when they are expressing their ideas to others
  - use of symbols, such as words, numbers, or gestures, that have meaning
* is the vehicle of thought
  - that transmits information, emotion, and ideas between people
  - verbal blueprint of our experience
  - very key to human understanding, a passport to the human soul
  - way in to understanding Japanese culture
  - therefore basic to learning in all disciplines
  - tied to voice, to typeface, to bitmaps on a screen, to materiality
* is unique and qualitatively different from other animal communication
  - because it reflects what is important to each culture
* is used for a purpose while developing vocabulary, grammar, research and technology skills
  - interactively in conversation
  - to convey differential power and status between men and women
* is used to express emotion and ideas
  - role relationships between individuals
  - format XML for display
  - initiate, monitor, adjust, and evaluate cognitive processes
  - organize thoughts and ideas
  - valued and used to transmit culture
  - very important to human intelligence
  - viewed as inseparable from thought
* is what defines the human race and sets it apart from the animals and minerals
  - has enabled mankind to become aware of the pattern of nature
  - holds the culture together
* is, after all, the primary tool of cognition
  - essentially, speech
  - in a sense, a system for building models, metaphors of what is going on
  - without question, central to all learning
* key aspect of culture
  - marker of membership of a particular ethnic group
  - part of human intelligence
* kind of code.
* leading indicator of the psychological and institutional health of social units.
* leads to consciousness.
* learned human behavior
  - skill , a program people follow in order to communicate
* learning disability can affect speech, reading, or writing
  - entails building relationships
  - for children follows a natural developmental process
* lie at the bedrock of cultures, and are inherently resistant to change.
* lifelong learning process.
* lives, and is given meaning, in a cultural setting.
* living thing, and words either survive by acquiring new uses, or they're replaced.
* major factor to how the world is
  - means by which people share what they have learned about the local environment
  - vehicle for the expression of prejudice or discrimination
* make dramatic shifts and changes over time.
* male artifact, part of a male culture, and has been shaped to meet men's needs.
* manifestation of the mind and a medium for the mind.
* means a method that communicates ego
  - expressing and receiving information in a way that is meaningful
* means for communication between people and cultures
  - contact with other human beings
* medium for art as well as communication
  - through which one discovers a culture different from one's own
* method of communication.
* mirror of reality and is used to describe external reality.
* mode of communication between a transmitter and a receiver.
* multi-levelled system.
* network of choices available to speakers.
* occurs because children hear other language.
* organises perception.
* part of speech.
* pervades virtually every aspect of human existence.
* plays a crucial role in the promotion of ethnic harmony among communities
  - fundamental role in the constitution of our experiential world
  - key role in the construction and socialization of gender roles
* plays a major role in expressing group relations and group conflicts
  - the definition and identity of any country
  - role in human culture
  - an important role in culture
  - multiple roles in both the formation and the enforcement of social norms
* poor way to communicate certain phenomena.
* powerful factor in society
  - force in human society
  - system of communication
* primarily causes effects in minds.
* primary way individuals communicate what they think and feel.
* process that shapes our reality.
* promotes cognitive and social growth
  - lack of awareness and unconsciousness
* provides a kind of architecture that sustains the shape and openness of consciousness
  - the basis for human communication
* proxy of communication.
* really starts to develop at birth, as soon as the infant can hear.
* refers to an understanding of what language is and how it is used.
* refers to the ability to limit search results by language
  - programming language of the source code
  - understanding and use of words and sentences that form and convey ideas
  - use of words and sentences to convey ideas
  - way words are put together in sentences
* reflection of life, of the realities that people have to live with, day after day
  - reality and also works to produce imbalance coercively
  - the intellectual and spiritual habits of the people who use it
* reflects and records all human change
  - the culture and society where it is used
* reflects, reinforces, and molds our perceptions of people.
* reinforces the belief in qualitative, immutable difference, in ethnicity.
* remains the key to thinking and to learning.
* represents a people's heritage and identity.
* restricts thoughts just as thoughts manifest in language.
* seem to vary on a continuum with respect to imperfectives.
* seems inherently human, a process linked to thinking and the development of reason.
* serves a mediating role between one's cognitive world and the external world
  - to network humanity and establishes human culture and societal institutions
* service possessed only by human beings.
* set of conventions that evolve by anarchy
  - cues for situation-model construction
* shapes our thinking, particularly when it comes to self-talk.
* share certain universal traits.
* shows how people think and feel.
* sign system with alphabet, vocabulary and grammar.
* signaling system, made up primarily of words.
* simply develops as one's body develops.
* social act
* social, cultural and political artifact.
* social-biological tool.
* socio-historical phenomenon.
* species-specific trait of human beings.
* species-specific, genetically determined capacity.
* spoken within small communities are more complex than languages of large communities.
* spoken, symbolic, and learned system of communication among human beings.
* starts as a tool external to the child used for social interaction.
* still stands as the key to thinking and learning.
* stimulates the neo-cortex.
* survival tool that facilitates our adjustment to our surroundings.
* symbol used for communication.
* symbolic behavior.
* system of communication specific to the human race
  - cultural knowledge used to generate and interpret speech
  - signs - any system of signs is therefore a language
  - symbolic signs
  - verbal, written, or gestured symbols that are used to communicate
  - representing cognitive thought processes
* teaches values, beliefs and understanding of one's origins.
* thing all by itself, it's ontological, selfreferential and selfregulating.
* thinking process which allows students to learn and grow.
* thrives with everyday use.
* thus play a key part in reducing ethnocentricity.
* too behavioral phenomenon.
* tool for creation
  - fantasy and imagination
  - of communication and as such, words mean what people agree they mean
* unique and universal attribute of humanity
  - characteristic of human thought
* uses a finite set of elements to create an infinite set of possible sentences.
* vary from year to year
  - quite widely in the way they segment the colour spectrum
* vehicle by which children learn
  - for transmitting meanings from one person to another
  - of thought and highly correlated with mental growth
  - to convey our thoughts to others
* virus from outer space.
* vital part of our life's work in shaping our own nature.
* way of communicating with patterns of symbols
  - expressing our thoughts
  - that many people communicate among each other
+ Acute accent, Uses, Expanding the alphabet
  * Some languages use the accent to actually make new letters. Both Faroese and Icelandic add the acute accent to all of their vowels to make new letters
  * The acute accent is mainly used to tell readers about the sound of vowels in words. Sometimes it is very important to the meaning because it shows the difference between two similar words. Some languages use the accent to show the same changes in sounds, but others use it differently
+ Alveolar trill, Voiceless alveolar trill: Pronunciation
  * Some languages have a 'voiceless alveolar trill'. In the normal alveolar trill, the vocal cord vibrates. In voiceless alveolar trill, the vocal cord does not vibrate. We do not often use voiceless alveolar trill, but we often use the voiced alveolar trill.
+ Child development, Child Development Theories, Sociocultural Theory
  * Vygotsky thought that child development during the first two years have to do with direct connection with the world. After the two years language changes the way a child thinks. Language is important because it is how adults pass on ideas to children. Vygotsky felt that growth of language leads to a huge change in how children think because they can communicate ideas with others. Children talk to both others and themselves. Vygotsky thought that children talking to themselves was very important for development. He thought that children talk to themselves to help guide their thoughts. He called talk directed at the self, private speech.
+ Compiled language: Programming languages
  * A 'compiled programming language' is a programming language which is compiled. When a language is compiled it is converted from one programming language, to another. Languages are compiled by a compiler.
+ Grammar, Different languages
  * All languages have their own grammar. Most European languages are rather similar, but some, such as Chinese and Japanese, are very different from all European languages.
+ Ladakhi: Sino-Tibetan languages
  * Language use All ages. Many speakers in urban areas use Urdu, or English, but rural speakers are mainly monolingual in Ladakhi.
+ Lev Vygotsky, 'Thought and Language': Psychologists :: Russian scientists
  * Language starts as a tool external to the child used for social interaction. Initially, self-talk is very much a tool of social interaction and this tapers to negligible levels when the child is alone. Because it gets internalized, self-talk is no longer present when the child starts school. Though nowadays children start at kindergarten quite early, and so it should be possible to observe self-talk there.
+ Linking verb, Main linking verbs: Grammar :: English language
  * Most languages have one main linking verb. In English, this is the verb 'to be'. We use this verb to mean the status or characteristics of something or of a person. Some languages, for example Portuguese and Spanish, have two different verbs for the two meanings of this verb. Other languages, for example Arabic and Chinese, do not have any form of this verb.
+ Neelum District, Pakistani Languages: Districts of Azad Kashmir
  * Many languages are spoken in the district. Hindko however, is the predominant language and is spoken mostly in the west, southwest and central regions. Shina and Kashmiri are spoken in the Northeast towards the border with Baramulla and Astore District and also in the far north on the cease-fire Line with Diamir District. Pashto is also spoken in a few villages on the Line of Conflict with Baramulla.
+ Orthography, Differences between languages
  * Some languages have a high correspondence between phonemes and letters. That means they get close to one letter for each sound. If there was a perfect correspondence, that language would have 'phonemic orthography'. English is highly non-phonemic.
+ Programming language, Rules
  * Most languages have official 'standards' that define the rules of how to write the source code. Some programming languages have two or more standards. This can happen when a new standard replaces an old one. For example, the Perl 5 standard replaced Perl 4 in 1993. It can happen because two people made two standards at the same time.
+ Tilde: Writing systems :: Alphabetic diacritics
  * Many languages use tildes. Two of these are Spanish and Portuguese.
+ Verb, Tense, aspect, and mood, Tense
  * Some languages have all three tenses, some have only two, and some have no tenses at all. Chinese and Indonesian verbs do not show tense. Instead they use other words in the sentence to show when the verb happens.