Rock
* All rock contains some radium, usually in small amounts.
* All rocks are made up of minerals
  - break down on the Earth s surface
  - conduct electricity to varying degrees
* All rocks contain some trace uranium concentrations
  - uranium, although most contain just a small amount
  - disintegrate slowly as a result of weathering
  - fall into one of three classifications, igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic
  - fluoresce a medium orange color
  - have a certain amount of elasticity
  - originally come from igneous rock
* Any rock can become a metamorphic rock if a lot of heat and pressure is applied to it
  - contains the entire periodic table, every element in the universe is in every rock
* Many rocks are named based on what kinds of minerals they have
  - contain tiny magnetic particles
* Most rocks already contain planes of weakness or planes along which fracturing has occurred.
* Most rocks are a mixture of various minerals
  - aggregates composed of two or more minerals
  - composed of minerals
  - crystalline
  - millions to billions of years old
* Most rocks are mixtures of many different compounds
  - elements and compounds
* Most rocks contain several different minerals mixed together
  - some water, but sedimentary rocks hold the most
* Some rock doves cause property damage.
* Some rocks are broken down by chemical action, in a process called chemical weathering
  - formed deep below the surface of the earth and others are formed above the surface
  - hard, some are soft, some are shiny, some are dull, and some are rough
* Some rocks are more durable to weathering and erosion
  - magnetic than others
  - carry current better than others
  - consist of minerals which contain uranium and potassium
* Some rocks contain large amounts of minerals
  - sufficient hematite to exhibit red streaking
  - sulfates
  - deform by bending whereas others responded by breaking
* Some rocks dissolve more easily than others
  - very easily in water and are called soluble
  - evolve when there weight reaches a certain threshold like Granite, for example
  - form at the Earth's surface while others form at great depths
  - give hints for ancient magnetic fields although no planetary field exists today
* Some rocks have a magnetic quality
  - well developed tectonic foliation, but others are essentially undeformed
  - compositions intermediate between felsic and mafic
  - only form from glacial material
* absorb and store heat for long periods, reradiating heat to plants
  - heat and attract dust particles, dissipating nuclear energy over aeons of time
  - radiant heat and provide frogs, lizards and butterflies with basking areas
  - the sun's rays and give off heat like a radiator
* act like giant radiators.
* allows sewage to move quickly into groundwater without proper treatment.
* also attract fish, try rocky shorelines
  - emit mercury
  - give shade, and again, the bigger the better
  - help keep the soil in place
  - provide a site where butterflies can bask to store body heat from the sun
* appear to be in layers with a lot of void space.
* are a mixture of minerals, where crystals and amorphous materials have a single ingredient
  - natural substrate for lichens, as well as moss and ferns
  - naturally occurring solid material consisting of one or more minerals
  - solid matter made up of minerals
  - actually solid mineral deposits
* are aggregates of many grains of one or more minerals
  - minerals and mineraloids
  - alive as our bones are alive
* are an abiotic factor
  - excellent mulch material to use around plants native to hot, dry environments
  - as hard and sharp as spears
  - black and often well-hidden by the dark water
  - categorised by the way that they form
  - classified by their minerals and chemical make-up
  - cohesive, multicrystalline aggregates of one or more minerals
  - combinations of minerals in varying proportions
* are composed of Earth materials
  - compounds of minerals
  - condensed layers of sediments such as sand or mud
  - deficient in sodium and potassium but rich in titanium
  - disintegrated by frost and rain
  - dries
  - everywhere, in the ground, forming mountains, and at the bottom of the ocean
  - formed on Earth as igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic rocks
  - furniture
  - genres of music
* are good insulators so the heat has been slow to dissipate
  - to hide under or to stay out of the sunlight
  - heavies
  - heavy and seem to enjoy pinching fingers, breaking toes and tweaking backs
  - important to our ecomonics because oil and coal are found in rocks
* are in Stones
  - the process of changing
  - inanimate objects
* are located in bridges
  - caves
  - chairs
  - countrysides
  - drawers
  - moons
  - mountain ranges
  - museums
  - riverbeds
  - rock gardens
  - waterfalls
  - made up of one or more minerals
  - masses of mineral matter and can be all different sizes
* are mixtures of different minerals
  - more complicated with various degrees of cementation, etc
  - natural aggregates or combinations of one or more minerals
* are natural combinations of one or more minerals and are formed under a variety of conditions
  - substances
  - naturally-formed aggregates of one or more minerals
  - of two kinds, igneous and sedimentary
  - part of the earth's composition
  - pieces of the earth
  - poor conductors of heat, so interior heated and iron melted and sunk to the core
  - produced in a variety of ways and have been cycled in some area many times
  - sedimentary which houses lobsters regularly
  - sedimentary, igneous or metamorphic in origin
  - slippery when wet
  - smoothed down, and the wind sorts sand into uniform deposits
  - solid objects
  - solids made up of a collection of minerals
  - somewhat elastic, they can be bent without breaking
* are the building blocks of the Earth's crust
  - product of the interactions between minerals
  - ultimate source of most nutrients in food chains
  - typically brittle at low temperatures and pressures
  - used at times as projectiles in hunting bush pigs and other small game
* are used for decoration
  - gravel
  - hitting
  - kicking
  - mining
  - throwings
  - useful as building materials and for mashing stuff
* are usually aggregates of minerals which can be physically separated from one another
  - portions of large masses of material that make up the earth's crust
* are very slippery when wet
  - specific objects from the point of view of magnetism
* bears evidence of the minerals, temperatures, and forces that created it.
* belong to the earth element.
* break down over time due to the effect of wind, water, and temperature.
* breakdown by weathering.
* can also be composed of solid organic matter, coal is an example
  - contain mineraloids, glass or organic particles of various sorts
  - be treacherous when wet
  - become dilatant just before failure because microcracks increase the volume of the rock
* can break even steel plows
  - into pieces but stay the same chemically
  - cause broken teeth and serious intestinal obstruction if swallowed
  - experience enormous ductile strains if subjected to high stresses for long times
  - fall from the heights
  - harden very quickly under the right conditions
  - preserve records of faults that have been inactive for many millions of years
  - resist tidal disruption
  - reveal much about the geologic past
  - undergo physical and chemical changes
* cause a desire to climbs
  - soil compaction, and plastic sheeting suffocates root systems
* change by being broken down into smaller rocks through pressure, weather, water, and heat.
* changes as it ages.
* climbs on rock and it only makes a seashore.
* collide with each other and break up into smaller pieces.
* come in different colors, textures, sizes and shapes
  - many shapes, textures and colours
  - seven standard colors and some others as well
* contain different amounts of minerals-natural substances formed from nonliving matter
  - many clues about the processes of their formation
* containing larger amounts of magnetic minerals register a higher response on the magnetometer
  - more silica, such as granite and rhyolite, are generally lighter in color
  - volcanic clasts in a muddy, volcanic matrix are remnants of lahars
* correspond to truth.
* deform when applied stress exceeds rock strength.
* differ in their fertility.
* dissolve slowly, such as over thousands, millions and billions of years.
* do so when superheated in the center of the Earth.
* exhibit a variety of properties including shape, size, color, and texture
  - properties, including shape, size,texture, and color
* expand when heated and contract when cooled.
* fall in certain ways
  - more frequently on some days than on others, according to the recent weather
  - out of the sky all the time
  - when there's no ground underneath
* flow under stress by breaking and reforming atomic bonds within crystals.
* form the control for delineation of other surface materials.
* give kelp a place to attach their holdfasts.
* go through a rock cycle just like the life cycle or the process of metamorphosis.
* have a different kind of grain or cross section
  - higher percentage of oxygen per unit volume than the atmosphere
  - reputation for being solid, hard, and indestructible
  - variety of properties that can be studied in the classroom
* have different appearances
  - lower n than unconsolidated materials
* hiding just below the surface can bounce a boat around like a pinball.
* hold heat and can be detrimental to plant health.
* includes sections.
* lasts longer than wood.
* make excellent habitat for crabs, mussels, and snails.
  - majority of the Earth's crust
* mediates thrombin's endothelial barrier dysfunction.
* melt at depths of a few hundred kilometers or less
  - where the mantle in the asthenosphere is modified by fluids leaving the subducted plate
* natural object
* normally decrease in porosity with age and depth of burial.
* often fall and there can be landslides.
* outcrops in the stream bottom pose a hazard to canoes in shallow areas.
* piles on farm landscapes attest to the variation of materials carried by glaciers.
* prevent much plant growth due to unavailability of nutrients and soil.
* provide a basking site for butterflies to raise their body temperature.
* range in composition from basalt to rhyolite
  - through the entire spectrum of compositions
* reflect light.
* reveal world's oldest mollusc.
* rise to the surface.
* showing repeat patterns of strata are called rhythmites.
* shrink and crack when they cool, spalling off the sides of the tube.
* sometime expand when exhumed.
* stabilize the ground matter.
* stars that like to sit around and discuss their emotions.
* start as magma
  - to grow in minutes and grow up to four inches in height
* summer experience designed specifically for youth with disabilities.
* support burrows and serve as sunning and observation posts.
* taken from wet locations can be full of moisture.
* tend to make sounds that are harsh to the ear.
* tends to separate, or break, readily along bedding planes.
* usually have a deeper color once they are polished.
* vary in size, shape, color, and texture.
* weather at different rates in different climates
* weathering Most of the inorganic substances in tapwater come from rock weather ing
  - at Earth's surface releases the chemical building blocks for life
  - rates vary widely depending on mineral content, texture, rock type, and climate
+ Central Cross-Island Highway, Closing the damaged highway: Roads :: Transport in Taiwan
  * The highway goes through mountains. Rocks often fall and there can be landslides. Earthquakes also damage the highway.
+ Geology, Types of rock
  * Rocks can be found in all sorts of shapes and colours. Some are very hard and some are soft. Some rocks are very common, while others are rare. However, all the different rocks belong to three categories or types, igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic.
+ Kings Canyon (Australia): Protected areas of the Northern Territory :: National parks in Australia :: Canyons
  * Kings Canyon and the area around it is Aboriginal land. It is part of the Luritja people's traditional country, and title over the land was granted to them in July 2012. Before the arrival of Europeans in the region, the damp climate at the bottom of the gorge was an important refuge during droughts. Rock engravings at the base of the canyon date are many hundreds of years old. Many of them are sacred sites for Luritja and are closed to visitors.
+ Mineralogy: Geology
  * Studying minerals can be useful for figuring out certain things about a rock. Sometimes the shape or size of the mineral can tell something about the rock as well. The type of mineral in a rock can also tell what kind of a rock it is, or what has happened to the rock since it formed. Many rocks are named based on what kinds of minerals they have.
+ Mohs scale of mineral hardness: Friedrich Mohs :: Minerals
  * Mohs scale of mineral hardness' is named after the scientist, Friedrich Mohs, who invented a scale of hardness based on the ability of one mineral to scratch another. Rocks are made up of one or more minerals. The hardness of a mineral is mainly controlled by the strength of the bonding between the atoms and partly by the size of the atoms. It is a measure of the resistance of the mineral to scratching.
+ Rock (geology), Rock classification
  * Rocks are classified by their minerals and chemical make-up. The processes that formed them are also noted. Rocks may be igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic. Rock types may change in a so-called 'rock cycle'.
+ Strata, Cycles: Geology :: Earth sciences
  * Rocks showing repeat patterns of strata are called rhythmites. Sometimes the patterns are caused by annual climate changes. Geologists call those varves.