### substance:

Ivory
* Most ivory comes from animals
  - elephants
  - derives from elephants
* Some ivories have a grain, best described as similar to tree rings in miniature.
  * ' hard white material made from the tusks and teeth of animals such as elephants, hippopotamuses and walruses. Ivory is now very rare and expensive since there are restrictions on hunting elephants for ivory. There are also laws against the trade of ivory.
* has a complex characteristic grain which helps distinguish it from imitations.
* highly sensitive material which absorbs water.
* is also from rhinos
  - an expensive base for painting and is available in small sizes mostly
  - in demand for making bracelets, bangles and powder for Chinese medicine
  - marketed as an aphrodisiac as well as carved for jewelry and decorative pieces
  - perhaps the perfect medium for carving intricate works of art
  - really only dentine and is no different from ordinary teeth
  - similar to bone, being made up mostly of calcium and phosphate
* is the smooth, solid, usually white material that makes up the tusks of elephants
  - used in architectural decoration
  - yellow with a lot of white
* material used in creating art objects and jewelry where the ivory is carved with designs.
* natural tooth substance that continues to grow throughout the animal's life.
* poaching for tusks is the main reason that elephants have been so heavily hunted.
* powerful material associated with a powerful animal.
* remains a much-fancied decorative item in parts of the Middle East and Far East.
* tends to carve easily.
* turns yellow if it is continuously kept away from light.
+ Tusk: Animal anatomy
  * Tusks are made of ivory. Ivory is very rare and expensive. Many elephants are killed for their tusks.

### substance | ivory:

Elephant ivory
* continues to accumulate in most range states for a variety of reasons.
* is coveted by humans
  - the easiest ivory to work on with the least likelihood of hidden flaws
* unique mixture of dentine, cartilaginous material and calcium salts.

Mammoth ivory
* can be chalky which allows it to absorb ink giving it a dirty appearance.
* has a similar type of coloring.
* have blue-green colored blemishes from an iron phosphate called vivianite.
* is used today to make handcrafted knives and similar implements.
* is, basically, fossilized elephant ivory.

### substance | lac:

Shellac
* All shellacs imbue some bit of color to wood.
* is lac

### substance:

Latex
* Most latex irritates skin
  - is produced in Africa and Southeast Asia
* Some latex consists of monomers
  - contains enzymes
  - has minimum temperature
* allergy and latex sensitization in children and adolescents with myelomeningocele.
* gloves from different sources vary in the amount of latex protein detectable on the surface.
* has characteristics
  - other characteristics
  - quality
* includes natural rubber
* is exudates
  - polymers
  - software
* paints in optimum conditions dry quickly.
* paints use vinyl binders and a water carrier
  - water as the solvent and are therefore less toxic
* paints, paper coating, adhesives, safety glass.

### substance | latex:

Aloe latex
* contains strong laxative compounds.
* is the sticky residue left over after the liquid from cut aloe leaves has evaporated.

Liquid latex
* is excellent for making crows feet and bags under the orbits of the eyes.
* product used to make rubber masks and molds for rubber masks.
* weak conductor.

Natural latex
* contains protein.
* has quality.
* is the only is the only latex known to cause any type of allergic reaction.
* sticky, unworkable liquid that dries to a brittle solid.