### science | medicine:

Nephrology
* Has a large list of nephrology sites.
* Nephrologies are medicine.
* focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of the kidney.
* is the branch of medicine concerned with the kidney
  - diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of kidney disease
* is the medical specialty concerned with the kidneys
  - subspecialty concerned with kidneys
  - speciality that deals with kidney function and disease
  - specialty of kidney disease, hypertension, body fluids and electrolytes

### science | medicine:

Nifedipine
* appears to enhance the absorption of metformin.
* are drugs.
* belongs to a group of medicines called calcium-channel blockers.
* blocks certain channels in blood vessels that cause relaxation.
* calcium channel blocker used to block the contraction of smooth muscle
* decreases peripheral resistance and can worsen hypotension.
* drug that helps to open up the blood vessels in the lungs.
* is contraindicated in patients with cardiovascular shock
  - in a class of drugs called calcium channel blockers
  - such a drug
  - the prototype of the dihydropyridine class of calcium-channel antagonists
* is used in cardiac patients and calcium channel blocker which can cause hepatitis
  - intravenously as well as orally in children
  - useful in treating myotonia unresponsive to other drugs
* passes into breast milk.
* peripheral arterial vasodilator which acts directly on vascular smooth muscle.
* yellow crystalline substance, practically insoluble in water but soluble in ethanol.

### science | medicine:

Nuclear medicine
* addresses the body's physiological processes rather than the anatomical structure.
* constantly and rapidly changing discipline.
* has a complex and multifaceted heritage.
* is all about how something functions
  - an integral part of patient care and saves countless lives annually
  - more concerned with how things work, than what they look like
* is one of the diagnostic imaging modalities
  - fastest growing fields in modern medicine
  - most modern specialties
* medical specialty used to image the body and treat disease
  - which is used to image the body and treat disease
* rapidly growing health care area.
* use very small amounts of radioactive material.
* uses an isotope to see where there are diseased areas
  - radiation for the treatment of illnesses
  - radioactive substances to image the body and treat disease
* utilizes gamma rays from radioisotopes for diagnostic imaging
  - radiopharmaceuticals to perform procedures in support of patient care
+ Radioactive contamination, Causes: Physics
  * Nuclear medicine uses radiation for the treatment of illnesses. Sometimes, there are accidents.

### science | medicine:

Oncology
* Oncologies are medicine.
* is an evolving, changing, research-oriented discipline
  - just one of many areas where medical images are playing and increasingly important role
  - one of the fastest growing subspecialty areas of the physician assistant profession
* is the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of tumors
  - fastest growing therapeutic area in the pharmaceutical industry
* is the study of cancer and tumors
  - as performed by oncologists
* means the study of tumors.

### science | medicine | oncology:

Radiation oncology
* involves the use of ionizing radiation in the treatment of patients with cancer.
* is standardized throughout the world
  - the medical specialty concerned with prescribing radiation ,
* is the treatment of cancer patients with radiation
  - with high energy photon and electron beams
* very comprehensive specialty that overlaps with many disciplines.