### body part | tissue:

Nerve
* All nerves are specialized
  - end in the feet
* Every nerve consists of bundles of fibers which can be categorized as large and small bundles.
* Many nerves leave from each ganglion
  - make up an axon
  - pass through the sacrum to innervate the pelvic area
  - release chemical messages in a coordinated way
* More nerves connect the olfactory tract to the thalamus.
* Most nerves act as links in a chain of nerve cells rather than connecting directly to a muscle.
* Most nerves are mixed nerves made up of both sensory and motor elements
  - small and hard to get at chemically
  - detect touch
  - extend to receptors
  - regulate activities
  - respond to stimulation
  - serve both functions and are called mixed nerves
* Some nerves are responsible for our ability to sense things like sounds, sights, and smells
  - arise from brains
  - attach to glands and directly stimulate secretion of things like tears and saliva
* Some nerves carry information in one direction only, while others are two-way
  - to the brain
* Some nerves connect brains
  - cord
  - inner ears
  - spinal cord
  - contain primarily sensory fibers and other nerves mainly motor axons
* Some nerves have distribution
  - shoots
  - straight shoots
  - lead to muscles
  - regenerate
  - send messages from the brain to the udder
  - sense light
  - tell the brain what is happening in the body
* act a bit like electrical cables.
* activate muscles by releasing packets containing a chemical called acetylcholine at synapses.
* affect arousal
  - different people in different ways
* allow control and provide sensation or feeling for our bodies.
* are a collection of fibers which carry electrical impulses throughout the body
  - natural part of the bodies self-preservation instincts
  - body parts
  - bundles of neurons
  - collections of neurons and the largest nerve in the body is the spinal cord
  - fiber bundles
  - fragile and can be damaged by pressure, stretching, or cutting
  - gland cells
  - important
  - in the surface of the skin
  - like wires, connecting the spinal cord to the entire body
* are located in animals
  - fingertips
  - human bodies
  - humans
  - organisms
  - teeth
  - tongues
  - no exception to the rule of tissue increase by exercise
* are part of bodies
  - nervous systems
  - self control
  - solid objects
  - strained
  - surrounded by fatty cover of a substance called myelin
  - very sensitive structures and compression can cause pain and impaired function
* become irritated at the intervertebral foramen causing aberrant neural activity.
* branch off from the spinal cord between each of the bones of the spine
  - through small openings between the vertebrae
* branch out from the spinal cord to energize the muscles of the body
* can adversely affect pitch in several ways
  - become damaged, causing the spinal cord to literally rewire itself
  - regrow, but very slowly
  - sense pain and joint movement
  - to a certain degree sustain stretch
* carry information to and from the brain.
* carry messages back and forth between the brain and other parts of the body
  - differently than copper wire carries electricity
  - from inside or outside the body
* carry the shock of impacts
  - signals
* communicate through electric signaling
  - with muscles by use of chemicals called neurotransmitters
* comprise the highway on which chemical messages travel to and from the brain.
* conduct electrical signals to the arms and legs
  - information much like television cables transmit images
* connect it to parts of the brain involved in reactions rather than cognition.
* connect the nostrils to the brain and allow the fish to search for food
  - spinal cord and brain to the rest of the body
  - various body segments to coordinate their various activities
  - with every organ, gland, muscle and tissue of the body
* connected to the heart regulate the speed with which the cardiac muscle contracts
  - speed with which the muscle contracts
* control all sensations, strength, vision and coordination
  - eye movement
  - limbs
* control the muscles in the body with electrical signals called impulses
* entering and leaving the spinal cord pass through the epidural space.
* extend from the nerve chord to other parts of the body
* give orders to muscles.
* go and come from the muscle.
* grow about an inch per month
  - at a certain rate, slowly
* have different endings
  - many inputs called dendrites and an output called an axon
  - to grow and make new connections and new parts of the brain become involved
* having an improper food supply have the power to pull bones out of place.
* heat the body.
* help keep the heart beating in a regular, rhythmic pattern.
* here supply muscles that aid in respiration and other critical functions.
* includes cell membranes
  - cytoplasm
* includes nerve fiber
  - fibre
  - plasma membranes
  - radicles
  - sections
  - vacuoles
* is nerve tissue
* is the ability to roll with the punches
  - critical factor in working dog temperament
  - glossopharyngeal
  - recurrent laryngeal
  - trigeminal
* leave the spine through little windows termed neuroforamen.
* link the nervous system to all peripheral tissues.
* located in the nose pass a message on to the brain when they detect an odorant.
* monitor and control all the body's parts
  - the environment both inside and outside of the body
* normally tell the body when to move to relieve pressure on the skin.
* pass on impulses with undiminished intensity.
* passing over a rigid prominence, such as a bone, are particularly vulnerable.
* play a critical role in controlling body fluids.
* proceed from the ganglia.
* run from the ring and ganglion to the tentacles and to the rest of the body.
* run to and from centres, giving no impressions until their termini are reached
  - or from the ganglia in passage to or from the brain to specific sites on the body
* running through air-containing cavities are also subject to barotraumatic injury.
* runs behind the carotid and tends to bow the carotid anteriorly.
* send electrical impulses to the muscles
  - signals either to or from tissues
* swelling and compression in the narrow bone canal are thought to stop the nerve from working.
* then carry the news to the olfactory part of the brain, where the scent is recognized.
* transmit and transfer messages through chemicals known as neurotransmitters
  - information as electrical impulses from one area of the body to another
  - pain messages by a combination of chemistry and electricity
  - stimuli from the central nervous system to the muscles and blood-vessels
* usually grow one inch every month depending on the patient's age and other factors.
* work by having a normal nerve flow
  - like a system of electrical connections
  - rapidly, i.e., in seconds
+ Bell's palsy: Neurology :: Diseases
  * Bell's palsy  usually cures itself, sometimes in a few weeks. The hallmark of this condition is a rapid start of partial or complete paralysis that often occurs overnight. It is thought that an inflammation leads to swelling of the facial nerve. The nerve travels through the skull in a narrow bone canal beneath the ear. Nerve swelling and compression in the narrow bone canal are thought to stop the nerve from working. Sudworth, John 2012.
+ Leukodystrophy: Genetic disorders
  * Leukodystrophies' are disorders which affect the white matter of the brain and the nervous system. Nerves are surrounded by fatty cover of a substance called myelin. In a leukodystrophy, there are problems with the growth or the development of  this cover. This affects the function of the respective nerve. Myelin is made of at least ten different chemicals. Leukodystrophy is a gene defect. As a result of this defect, one of the molecules that make up myelin cannot be synthesized as it should.
+ Seizure: Neurology
  * A 'seizure' is when the nerves of somebody act strangely. Nerves transmit information. They do this by electrical impulses and by some chemical substances called transmitters.