### action:

Saving
* accounts A savings account is an account that earns interest.
* are a critical element in the prosperity of individuals and a society
  - function of volume, the source of the gas and timing of contracts
  - unique and treacherous form of capital punishment
  - way to secure a future for themselves and for their children
  - copying files
  - funds
  - recordings
* are the building blocks of civilization
  - driving force in the economy
  - means by which present goods are transformed into future goods
  - seeds for American economic growth and prosperity
* determines investment and so governs the rate of capital accumulation.
* habit to be forged.
* habit, a commitment, a way of life.
  - just the amount of water in the tank at any time
  - money set aside for future use while investing is money set aside for future gain
  - simply a deferral of consumption
* is the basis for productivity growth that leads to a higher standard of living
  - difference between disposable income and consumption
  - one bill that almost everyone is delinquent in paying
  - process of transforming present goods into future goods
* life skill that is more effective the younger it is learned.
* lives is what seatbelts are all about.
* occur in all factors of production.
* occurs when people's wants are satisfied and they postpone consuming additional goods.
* promotes growth when such savings are invested to generate more wealth.
* provide the means by which real output and incomes increase.
* refers to money that children set aside for some future use.

### action | saving:

Cost saving
* are capital to invest in future business opportunities
  - key to the productivity gains that drive the profits
  - the driving force behind the use of intense sweeteners blended with sugars
  - what the Internet is all about
* is the reason most customers are buying.
* refer to a competing alternative that is less expensive.
* take time to work through to consumers.

### action | saving:

Economy of scale
* Economies of scale are extremely important in computer-aided learning
  - most likely to be found in industries with large fixed costs in production
  - basic principle of economics
  - characteristic a commodity producer seeks in order to be viable
  - help lower the costs of using standardized processes
  - mean new markets can be created where none existed before
* Economies of scale mean that as the firm grows in size, the cost per unit decreases
  - average cost is lower for higher levels of output
  - occur when larger firms are able to lower their unit costs
  - refer to gains or losses in production cost as output is increased
* are economy.

National saving
* is equal to investment at the equilibrium interest rate
  - private saving minus the government deficit
  - the total amount of savings deposits in banks
* reflects both public and private saving.

Personal saving
* are the main source of funds for starting a business.
* comprise the bulk of money spent on higher education.
* divided by disposable personal income is the personal savings rate.
* is personal income less personal outlays and personal current taxes.
* is the difference between disposable income and expenditures
  - third element in successful retirement planning

Retrenchment
* is economy
  - one of the most serious steps an institution of higher learning takes
* threat to one's existing lifestyle, as it affects one financially and otherwise.