### indigenous kentucky grass | fescue:

Tall fescue
* Most tall fescue is infected with an endophyte fungus.
* are medium to dark green in color and are coarse textured
  - more drought-tolerant, but their blades are too coarse for lawns
* bunch type of grass.
* bunch-type grass and is very slow to fill in spaces between plants.
* can be invasive in native vegetation
  - go more days between irrigations or rainfall than ryegrass or Kentucky bluegrass
* clump grass with a very coarse-textured leaf that has some drought tolerance.
* coarse-textured grass, often used as a primary turf species.
* common grass species used around farms.
* cool season grass and is stressed by our summer conditions and periods of drought
  - which goes dormant in hot dry weather
  - perennial bunch grass
  - season, perennial bunchgrass
* differs from perennial ryegrass which has a leaf that is folded in the bud stage.
* grows quite thickly and keeps most weeds out without chemicals.
* hardy grass, but it contains a fungus that produces toxic alkaloids.
* has a wide range of adaptation in terms of soil fertility, texture, and drainage
  - good disease resistance and excellent tolerance to heat stress
* has good tolerance to grazing
  - intense wear, heat, stress, and drought
  - intermediate shade tolerance
* have few disease problems and require less maintenance that other grasses.
* infested with endophytic fungus can also cause health problems in gravid mares.
* is adapted for a range of soils and weather conditions from very cool to very warm
  - the use of athletic fields and used in many variety mixes of fescues
  - to a wide range of soils, but does best on clay soils high in organic matter
* is also resistant to necrotic ring spot
  - shade tolerant
  - very responsive to nitrogen fertilization
  - coarse textured, shade tolerant, and moderately drought resistant
  - considered a long-lived perennial when grown in the transitional region
* is drought tolerant and can be grown in most years without irrigation
  - once established can be grown in most years without irrigation
  - fairly tolerant to most turfgrass diseases
  - most abundant in late spring, summer, and fall
  - much coarser textured than the other cool-season lawn grass species
* is one of the most adaptive of the cool season grass forages in the world
  - two worst lawn weeds
  - palatable to livestock when the leaves are young
  - similar in appearance to ryegrass
* is the best adapted cool-season grass for stockpiling
  - in Kansas for winter use
  - grass species to use for late fall and winter grazing
  - turf grass for most of California, including the Central Coast
  - most desirable grass to stockpile for late fall and winter grazing
* is the most heat and drought tolerant of the cool-season grasses
  - tolerant of all the cool-season grasses
  - predominant forage used for grazing and hay in Tennessee
  - used for lawns, hay, and pasture throughout Kentucky
  - very heat and drought tolerant when compared to the other cool season turfgrasses
  - vigorous, sod-forming grass, tolerant of heavy grazing and animal traffic
* major grass in the eastern United States.
* moderately winter-hardy grass that makes a good vegetative cover.
* perennial bunch-type grass that grows rapidly during spring and fall.
* persists better with grazing than any other cool-season grass.
* prefers full sun but also tolerates shade.
* produces allelopathic compounds which adversely affect many plant species
  - the two diazaphenanthrene alkaloids, perlolidone and perloline
* provides spring-born calves with abundant forage.
* sod forming grass which can withstand much traffic and animal tramping.
* tolerates foot traffic, heat, shade and drought.
* wide-bladed clump grass commonly used in pastures.
* widely grown turfgrass in Delaware.

Indirect object
* are objects.
* is an object