### morality | justice:

Commutative justice
* is consequent on and deals with due proportion of gain or loss in transactions.
* looks at objective equality, and prescribes that it be preserved.
* requires the restitution of stolen goods.

Distributive justice
* has to do with authority, such as the authority of parents.
* is concerned with the well-being of everyone in a community
  - protected by a justice system and by a legal system
  - rooted in the subjective, relative moral values of the community

Economic justice
* improves public health.
* is also a means to an end
  - an integral part of the Sabbath cycle
  - fair and balanced trade

### morality | justice:

Environmental justice
* combines civil rights and environmental protection concerns.
* fastly growing aspect of the broader environmental law field.
* is about justice and environmental racism is about racism
  - also an international issue between developed and developing nations
  - more than a set of legal and regulatory obligations
* new and still evolving movement.
* opposes the destructive operations of multi-national corporations.
* seeks equal treatment for people of all races and income levels.

Military justice
* applies to civilians only during a state of war or insurrection.
* is to justice what military music is to music.

Natural justice
* dictates that an accused be able to call witnesses to establish the case.
* is that which is just in all times and places
  - the same in all times and places
  - true everywhere regardless of people's recognition of it
* means giving a chance to the other party to give an explanation.

Procedural justice
* involves how the laws are procedurally carried out.
* relates to evaluations about the fairness of work rules and policies.

Restorative justice
* approaches crime with a different perspective.
* defines crime as a violation of people and relationships.
* focuses on healing wounded people
  - the accountability of the offender
* recognizes that victims have many needs.

Retributive justice
* concerns the ethical appropriateness of punishment for wrongdoing.
* focuses on blame and encouragement of competitive and individualistic values
  - establishing guilt
* is primarily negative and backward looking.
* metes out doses of pain to the guilty.
* refers to the extent to which punishments are fair and just.

### morality | justice:

Social justice
* creates an atmosphere of confidence in securing the social needs of a society.
* demands a more equal opportunity to exploit Earth's resources.
* demands that discrimination based on stigma be stopped
  - people respect one another's property
* globally valid principle intended to minimize adequately differences in welfare.
* implies protection of the weak.
* is defined by social conditions
  - linked to the common good and the exercise of authority
  - one of the important functions of the government
  - only possible in a context of ecological justice
  - part of the common heritage of humankind, as are democracy and the rule of law
  - partly about tackling the divides between rich and poor in Britain
* is the expression of human rights in public policy and programs
  - gateway to sustainability
  - to do with fairness
  - what schools are all about
* means being entitled to the same rights and services as all other citizens
  - giving more to the poor, now
* virtue, an attribute of individuals, or it fraud.

True justice
* TRUE justice is built on fairness.
* is social music, harmony.
* is the harvest reaped by peace makers from seeds sown in a spirit of peace
  - peacemakers from seeds sown in a spirit of peace

Modern morality
* consists in accepting the standard of one's age.
* is based on expediency and short-term consequences.

Official morality
* bridle to restrain the oppressed.
* is determined by who s in power, while the evil they do is state sanctioned.