### formation:

Cave formation
* are quite fragile due to their crystalline structure.
* can only grow in a very humid environment.
* grow over thousands of years.

### formation | cave:

Glacier cave
* Most glacier caves are started by water running through or under the glacier.
* Some glacier caves are formed by geothermal heat from volcanic vents or hotsprings beneath the ice.

Grotto
* are caves.
* includes gaps
  - sections
  - stalactites
  - waters

Ice cave
* can also be caves in rock which have a temperature below freezing all year
  - form under glaciers
  - occur in glaciers
* do collapse.
* form in glaciers and icebergs when ice melts and freezes.

Sea cave
* Most sea caves are small in relation to other types.
* are formed at the two sides of the headland
  - often the beginning of sea arches and sea stacks
* arise when waves hollow out weak areas of rock in headlands.
* can be homes for starfish, crabs, seals, and sea lions
  - quite 'sporting' when large sets of waves come rolling in

Christian formation
* fosters a family relationship characterized by love.
* is both spiritual and educational
  - developmental, for both men and women
  - taught as an integral part of daily living
* life long journey beginning with baptism and ending with death.
* life-long process.
* lifelong process aimed at personal conversion and growth in faith.
* process of seedlike growth.
* provides children and adults to opportunity to grow in their faith.

### formation:

Cliff
* Most cliffs are adjacent to fjords, bays, or glaciers and have extensive talus slopes below
  - have some form of scree slope at their base.
  * A 'cliff' vertical or very steep natural wall. They are usually formed when erosion takes away soft material, revealing an exposed layer of hard rock. Cliffs are often found by the ocean, on mountains, in canyons, and along rivers. Cliffs are known for forming major geographical features such as waterfalls
* are common coastal features
  - on coasts , in mountainous areas, escarpments and along rivers
  - formed as erosion landforms by the processes of weathering and erosion
  - high ground
  - located in waterfalls
  - natural things
  - the places that have escaped human disturbance
* can have a face of bare rock or be covered by soil and plants.
* cause a desire to climbs.
* extend as far as the eye can see.
* have exposure
  - southern exposure
* provide shelter.
* resemble skyscrapers and their layers of strata become foundations.
* swallows burrowing nests along the shore are of special interest
  - feed on swarms of flying insects, and the birds routinely follow successful foragers
* swallows nest building in Brooklyn Park
  - high up on the overhanging cliffs surrounding the grotto
* switched network environment.
* usually develop on the edges of features found in arid environments.

### formation | cliff:

Rock cliff
* provide nesting sites for a wide variety of raptors
  - raptors with nesting and perching sites
* reveal evidence of life from Precambrian times to the last ice age.

Sea cliff
* Many sea cliffs have gulls and seabirds present.
* Most sea cliffs have gulls and seabirds present.
* are high, rocky coasts that plunge down to the sea's edge.
* retreat landward because of the constant undercutting of slopes by waves.

Steep cliff
* drop to sea level on the coasts where samples are collected.
* protect most cenotes and there is only one way in jump.