### substance | wood | oak:

Black oak
* belongs to the red oak subgenus.
* is difficult to transplant
  - found on dry ridges and gravel uplands
  - native in the eastern and southern halves of Iowa

English oak
* have a broad shape with a rounded top
  - moderate grow rate once established
* is venerated in England because it grows to large sizes and produces strong wood.

Laurel oak
* Most laurel oak lives for years.
* hails from the coastal plains from Florida to Texas and north to Virginia.
* is fire intolerant
  - most common on alluvial flood plains
  - superb insect habitat and therefore as exceptional food tree for songbirds
  - taller than it is broad and grows well in full sun to partial shade
* valuable source of timber.

### substance | wood | oak:

Live oak
* Some live oak grows in zones
  - provides habitats
* are also common in dry regions of Texas
  - evergreens with rounded, leathery leaves
  - powerful trees, frequently tearing up the sidewalks laid over their roots
* grow in regions of southern Europe that have mild winters.
* have gnarly limbs.
* is found in the southeastern Coastal Plain on sandy and often wet sites
  - on higher topographic sites as well as hammocks in marshes and swamps
  - one ofthe heayier woods
  - used in ships

Mighty oak
* form little acorns grow.
* line the banks Of winding rivers that flow.

Pin oak
* are especially prone to wetwood.
* grow in sun or partial shade and require acid soils that are moist, rich and well-drained.
* is oak
  - planted as a shade tree in Alabama

### substance | wood | oak:

Red oak
* Many red oaks grow only in certain soils or locations.
* Most red oak has bitter acorns.
* Some red oaks have unlobed, oval leaves with a sharp tip.
* are also members of the black oak family
  - common in forests of eastern North America
  - highly susceptible
  - notably more susceptible to infection than white oaks
  - plentiful and easy to split
* can die from oak wilt in as short a time as a month.
* die rapidly after infection occurs
  - within several weeks to several months after the first symptoms appear
* has acorns
* have bitter acorns that mature the second year after forming.
* is intermediate in shade tolerance
  - probably the most important and wide spread of northern oaks
  - stress-tolerant
  - the most valuable of the red oaks for lumber production
* is, however, less decay resistant than white oak or European oak.
* send down their tap root in the spring when the top starts growing.
* sprout readily, especially as young seedlings.
* suffer the same diseases and insect damage as other oak species.

Sawtooth oak
* exhibits a pyramidal form in youth and is easily pruned.
* is adaptable to a wide range of sites, however, it prefers acid, well-drained soils.
* native of Asia and planted for wildlife food and as an ornamental.

Scarlet oak
* common component of many eastern and central dry upland forests.
* is less resistant to basal injury than black oak, white oak, or chestnut oak
  - susceptible to a number of insects and diseases
* popular shade tree and has been widely planted in the United States and Europe.

Turkey oak
* is protected from fire near groves of sand live oak, which act as natural fire breaks.
* lose their leaves in winter and tender new leaves emerge in early spring.