### animal | vertebrate | amphibian:

Toad
* All toads are poisonous and can kill people
  - have lumps on the back of their heads, parotoid glands, that produce a chemical substance
* Many toads also burrow, though that depends on the environment that the toad evolved in.
* Most toads also have a pair of parotid glands bulging out from behind their eyes.
* Most toads are classified as dwarf toads
  - nocturnal, and tend to burrow or hide by day
  - become adults
  - breathe through skin
* Most toads eat earthworms
  - food
  - insects
  - pet food
  - spiders
  - establish ranges
  - exhibit behavior
  - exist in counties
* Most toads have bumpy skin
  - bumpy, dry skin, generally walk more than they hop, and lay long strings of eggs
  - color
  - legs
  - natural predators
  - poison glands
  - short legs
  - smooth skin
  - stages
  - tadpole stages
  - teeth
  - toes
  - undersides
  - warty skin
  - hibernate during winter
  - inhabit areas
  - lack teeth
* Most toads live in environments
  - wood
  - possess eyes
* Most toads prefer environments
  - habitats
* Most toads reach maturity
  - sexual maturity
  - rely on water
  - require water
* Most toads reside in arid environments
* Most toads secrete poison
  - toxic substances
  - sit in upright positions
  - thrive in habitats
  - wait for prey
* Some toads are brown
  - even resident in deserts
  - avoid snakes
  - belong to families
  - burrow into sand
  - can squirt poison at potential predators, from the parotoid glands
* Some toads eat animals
  - frog toads
  - vegetables
  - vertebrate animals
  - emerge from hibernation
  - fall into oceans
* Some toads feed at nights
  - in evenings
  - on beetles
* Some toads find in arid grassland
* Some toads have conservation status
  - economic values
  - mild toxins
  - significant economic values
  - special conservation status
  - warts
  - hibernate in burrows
  - live for years
* Some toads live in deserts
  - gardens
  - mate in water
  - move into habitats
* Some toads move into surround habitats
  - terrestrial habitats
  - reach ages
  - rely on glands
  - shed skin
  - survive in deserts
* absorb water across specialized areas of their skin rather than drinking orally.
* are a type of frog
  - abundant
  - also darker in color than frogs and reproduce differently
  - among the last amphibians to hibernate in the fall
  - amphibians, so they begin their lives in the water and eventually end up on dry land
  - capable of burrowing into the ground to escape the heat of summer
  - chubbier than frogs
  - constantly hungry insectivores, meaning they only eat insects
  - dull brown and very warty
  - fat-bodied, where frogs are generally slim
  - good at keeping a garden free of worms and insect pests
  - highly sensitive to chemicals and even small amounts can be damaging to their health
  - kind of wide and look fat
  - mainly terrestrial, but make their way to water to breed in the spring
  - meat eaters
  - mostly land-dwelling animals with a thick and warty skin
  - naturally shy and cautious
  - often bumpier, rougher- skinned, and drier to the touch
  - predators and have voracious appetites
  - sensitive to climate, period
  - similar to frogs but there are a few major differences
  - squatty and covered with warts
  - terrestrial and live entirely on land
  - the favorite food of the hognose snake
  - valuable pest controllers, eating literally thousands of insects yearly
  - venomous animals
  - very shy creatures and dart away when they see something moving, larger than another toad
  - well known insect eliminators
* assume a butting pose, aiming the parotoid glands at an adversary.
* bury themselves in the ground, digging their way backward with their horny heels.
* can also inflate their bodies when threatened
  - be plump, so have large hiding spots
  - figure out a maze far more quickly than frogs can
  - live farther from water sources than frogs can
* can live in drier climates, where most frogs usually live in or near water
  - habitats farther away from water than frogs can
  - settle into some damp dirt and absorb moisture through their belly
* consume insects.
* continue to spread westward.
* dig down into the ground as far as three feet.
* display breeding site fidelity, as do many amphibians.
* do have a dark side
  - weird smell and yucky taste to their skin, though
* eat at night
  - cutworms and other insect pests
  - far more bugs and slugs than they eat small fish
  - insects and invertebrates
* emerge from hibernation to breed only if moisture and temperature conditions are favorable
  - in spring to court in the melting ice-water
* enjoy being in shady areas
* feed on insects, earthworms, beetles, and slugs.
* grab mice in their mouths.
* grow disproportionately more poisonous as they get bigger.
* have a dry,warty skin and shorter legs with less webbing between the toes
  - number of defining properties
  - tongue that is very long, very fast, and sticky on the end
  - tympanic membrane on either side of their head right behind the eye
  - very bitter taste, but it is usually harmless
  - both males and females
  - calls
  - drier, rough skin that looks really bumpy, like warts
  - dry, bumpy skin
* have dry, warty skin, while frogs have smooth, wet kin
  - have smooth, wet skin
  - impact
  - more bulbous bodies, dry warty-looking skin and tend to crawl
* have no teeth, and most toads have warty skin
  - while frogs have tiny teeth on both upper and lower jaws
  - paratoid glands behind their eyes which are used to make poison
  - performance
  - rough, warty skin and frogs have smooth skin
* have short front legs and move on land in small leaps or by walking
* have shorter hind legs than most frogs
  - legs and can only crawl along
  - stockier bodies, rounder snouts, dry and warty skins, and move by walking
  - stubby bodies with short hind legs
* have thicker skin than frogs and can live in drier environments
  - three mating seasons per year producing many, many toads
  - warts, where a frog's skin is smooth
  - in the winter
* includes brains
  - breasts
  - cell membranes
  - cells
  - chest cavities
  - chests
  - corpi
  - cytoplasm
  - faces
  - nuclei
  - pedal extremities
  - plasma membranes
  - rib cages
  - sections
  - skulls
  - sterna
  - vacuoles
  - vertebrate feet
* is an amphibian
  - the royal mushroom retainer of the Mushroom Kingdom
* lay eggs in long chains
  - strings attached to rocks, unlike true frogs which lay eggs in a jelly-like mass
* like to hang out under outdoor lights at night for the insects they attract.
* lily prefers part shade and moist, well-drained soils high in organic matter.
  - one place their whole life, if it provides for their needs
  - mostly on land, but require pools for breeding in the spring
* look like frogs, and they belong to the same animal group.
* make homes under boards, porches, loose rocks and roots of trees
  - use of poison, too
* mate only with their own kind in order to avoid producing unhealthy hybrid young.
* normally live on land but require ponds to reproduce.
* phase of a frog development.
  - to live in areas where insects and moisture are abundant
* reproduce sexually, with the female producing eggs that are fertilized by the male
  - throughout the year
* rest inside during the day and come out at night.
* seem to live in dryer places than frogs, most frogs live in more moist homes.
* show activities.
* sit in positions
* spend less time in the water than frogs
  - most of their time on land, while frogs spend most of their time in the water
* take up residences.
* tend to have warty skin and short legs
  - urinate when they are frightened
* use temporary pools in early spring in which to deposit their eggs.
* usually crawl or progress in short hopping movements.
* usually have a dry, warty-looking skin and spend more time living on land
  - shorter legs than frogs
  - warty, wrinkled skin and shorter legs than a frog
+ Anura, Habitats: Frogs
  * Toads spend most of their time on land, while frogs spend most of their time in the water. Tailed frogs looks similar to toads because of their hard skin. They are the only frogs with this organ. Stebbins, Robert. 2003. The genus 'Eleutherodactylus' are terrestrial frogs. This means that they lay eggs on land.
  * A 'toad' is a type of amphibian. Toads look like frogs, and they belong to the same animal group. All toads are frogs, but not all frogs are toads. Toads mainly evolved in dry climates, so many toads have rougher, browner skin. Many toads also burrow, though that depends on the environment that the toad evolved in. Toads lay eggs in strings attached to rocks, unlike true frogs which lay eggs in a jelly-like mass. Also, toads generally have shorter legs and fatter bodies.
  * A 'toad' is a type of amphibian. Toads look like frogs, and they belong to the same animal group. All toads are frogs, but not all frogs are toads. Toads mainly evolved in dry climates, so many toads have rougher, browner skin. Many toads also burrow, though that depends on the environment that the toad evolved in. Toads lay eggs in strings attached to rocks, unlike true frogs which lay eggs in a jelly-like mass. Also, toads generally have shorter legs and fatter bodies. Toads have paratoid glands behind their eyes which are used to make poison. The poison is not harmful to humans.
+ Toad (Nintendo): Nintendo video game characters :: Mario series characters
  * He also shares many similarities between the blue toad in New Super Mario Bros. Wii. On the television series based on the games, Toad gave Mario information and sometimes Power Stars. He was a recurring member in the Super Mario Super Show. On that series, he would help his friends whenever they needed it. The character on the show was voiced by John Stocker. Toad looks like a small man with a mushroom-like hat. He also wears a vest and shoes.