### activity | operation:

Organ transplant
* Most organ transplants rely on a donor's death, and there are too many patients and too few donors.
* are confusing and life-altering events for patients and their families
  - controversial in India
* are now a standard part of medicine
  - cannibalism
* can take hundred's of units of blood.
* is an operation

### activity | operation | organ transplant:

Corneal transplant
* are a cure for corneal blindness
  - almost never an option with recurrent pterygia
  - one of medicine's most successful transplant operations
  - the most successful of all tissue transplants
* can help restore lost vision and relieve painful swelling.
* is an organ transplant
  - one of the most frequently performed human transplant procedures
* restore vision to individuals whose corneas are diseased or injured.

### activity | operation | organ transplant:

Xenotransplantation
* dangerous and unproven technology.
* has a long history in the scientific community
  - many potential advantages over allogenic transplantation
  - safety problems, however
  - the potential of opening up a new pool of organs to draw from
* is an alternative solution to organ transplants
  - example of totally unjustifiable exploitation of animals
* is the most regulated procedure of all
  - placement of organs and tissues in other species
* is the transplantation of body organs from one species into another
  - tissues from animals to humans
  - transplanting of non-human organs into humans
* is the use of animal body parts to replace diseased human tissues
  - organs in humans
  - live nonhuman animal cells, tissues and organs in human patients
  - live, non-human animal cells, tissues and organs in humans
  - organs from other animals
* makes informed consent impossible.
* offers a nearly limitless supply of organs that can be used for transplants
  - hope of an immense supply of organs available for transplantation
* poses perhaps the greatest risk of exposing human populations to a lethal virus.
* possible solution to Canada s ever-growing shortage of organs for donation.
* public health risk.
* raises a host of ethical and practical issues
  - many novel medical, legal and ethical issues
* refers to the transplantation of organs between different species.

Ostomy
* Ostomies can be temporary or permanent, depending on the type of disorder involved.
* is an operation

### activity | operation | ostomy:

Colostomy
* Colostomies tend to emit more odor than ileostomies because of the bacterial abundance in the colon.
* Most colostomies are reversible, and can be corrected after a healing period.
* complications a surgical failure or a population problem.
* is one of the treatment methods for bowel dysfunction
  - ostomy

Photocoagulation
* are operations.
* destroys the rods and cones, leaving a permanently blind area in the retina.
* reduces visual loss in patients with proliferative retinopathy or macular oedema.

### activity | operation | photocoagulation:

Laser photocoagulation
* can benefit many patients with proliferative retinopathy
  - prevent hemorrhage from new vessels
  - seal the leaks, but at the cost of damaging more retinal area
  - stop the blood vessels from leaking and make new blood vessels shrink
* is also the primary treatment for proliferative diabetic retinopathy
  - an additional treatment of non-perfused retinal areas
  - one of the most common treatments for diabetic retinopathy
  - performed to stabilize vision and halt progression of vision loss
* is the main way that diabetic retinopathy is treated
  - the wet form of macular degeneration is treated
  - used to seal the blood vessels and restore vision