### animal | larva:

Tadpole
* Are algae consumers.
* Most tadpoles are herbivorous, feeding on green algae and bacteria
  - subsisting on algae and plants
  - inside water
  - avoid predators
* Most tadpoles become eat frogs
  - frogs in a few months, some in a matter of weeks
  - belong to genus
  - breathe use gills
  - compete for food
* Most tadpoles develop front legs
  - hind legs
* Most tadpoles develop into frogs
  - immature frogs
  - lungs
* Most tadpoles eat algae and plant material
  - algas
  - bugs
  - flake food
  - emerge from eggs
  - enter ponds
* Most tadpoles feed on aquatic plants
  - egg yolks
  - microorganisms
* Most tadpoles grow develop limbs
  - hatch from a jellylike mass of eggs laid in the water
* Most tadpoles have ability
  - bellies
  - dark bellies
  - definite shapes
  - long tails
  - mouths
  - skin
  - hide from predators
  - inhabit ponds, lakes, or slow-moving rivers
  - live in water
* Most tadpoles look like frogs
  - tiny frogs
* Most tadpoles lose gills
  - possess bodies
* Most tadpoles reach adulthood
  - length
  - metamorphosis
  - stages
  - require warmth
* Most tadpoles swim in fresh water
  - turn into frogs
* Most tadpoles undergo metamorphosis
  - transformation
* Some tadpoles are used as food
  - become omnivores
* Some tadpoles develop external gills
* Some tadpoles eat egg yolks
  - frogs eggs and other tadpoles
  - gels
  - mosquitoes
  - escape predation
* Some tadpoles feed on algas
* Some tadpoles graze on aquatic plants
  - hatch on land and then are transported to streams by their parents
* Some tadpoles have coloration
  - fangs
  - special needs
  - tentacles
  - unpleasant taste
  - live in shores
  - migrate to water
  - prey on tadpoles
  - provide food
  - rely on yolks
  - remain in states.
  * Systems are different then humans. 14 April 2012. While we have a four chambered heart and a double looped system the tadpole only has two chambers and a one looped system. For the digestive system they do not have their main organs so they have one long gut which helps them digest. Tadpoles eat algae and other plants that grow in their aquatic environment
* absolutely depend on having fresh, clean water.
* also consume small quantities of filamentous green algae and desmids
  - lack legs and have tails, which is appropriate for their watery habitat
  - produce toxic chemicals in their skin that discourage some potential predators
* are a little easier to keep
  - adaptable and can survive less stable ponds
  - also essential for understanding the dramatic decline in frog populations
  - apparently very sensitive to various pollutants
  - aquatic creatures and can only breathe and survive in water
  - as easy to spot as their much larger parents
  - believed to cannibalize toad spawn as a food source
  - extremely sensitive to the presence of chlorine and heavy metals
  - flattened and have an abdominal sucker with which to cling to rocks
* are found in many places such as streams, ponds or lakes
  - near large pieces of wood or rocks that store heat
  - swimming in mud puddles, ponds or other bodies of water
  - gray to golden brown in color
* are green with black dots
  - small black dots and sometimes have yellow bellies
  - greenish or brown, with yellow or black speckles frequently visible
  - herbivores and eat many different types of food but seem to love algae and vegetation
* are herbivorous, detritovorous, necrophagous, and cannibalistic
  - while frogs are carnivirous
  - known to enjoy lettuce that has been boiled
  - larvas
  - located in water
  - mostly vegetarian, grazing on algae that grow in leaf or rock surfaces under the water
  - nocturnal, spending the day at the bottom of their pool or pond
  - omnivores in general, feeding on plants and microorganisms
  - pond type larvae with large dorsal fins on the tail
  - presumed to eat algae and detritus
  - the larvae of frogs and toads
  - tiny when they hatch but soon grow very large
  - under intense predator and parasite pressures
  - usually filter feeders or herbivores
  - vegetarians and in the wild they eat bits of algae and plants
* become bright red and burrow in stagnant litter in slow pools
* begin to swim while still in the egg.
* breathe by means of gills.
* breathe through gills like a fish
* can also rise to the surface and gulp oxygen from the air
  - undergo other types of changes when conditions change
  - be a significant food item for fish, mammals, and even other adult frogs
  - become cannibalistic
* cannibalize conspecific eggs.
* change and become adult amphibians and are able to live on land and breathe air.
* complete development.
* develop hind legs first
* develop in the egg cases until they burst open
  - nest, into which water seeps
* develop legs after a few weeks or months depending on the type of frog
  - slowly, with the back legs appearing first
  - protected by the foam and, when the rains come, the burrow fills
  - rapidly, so the young are ready for hibernation when the brief summer is over
* die from natural causes, injuries, contaminated food, contaminated water and other reasons.
* dig into the mud over winter and it takes two or more years to metamorphose into frogs.
* display behavior.
* eat a wide variety of things.
  - water plants
* eat algae, tiny pond creatures and the corpses of fish and adult frogs
  - waterplants, mosquito larvae, and carrion
  - fish food and moss-like algae
  - mainly algae and higher plants
  - plants, algae, some dead tadpoles or other small, dead invertebrates
  - primarily plants, but are known to consume aquatic insects
  - voraciously because they are developing and growing at a rapid rate
  - with little scraping teeth they scrape against thier food
* emerge about four days after fertilization
* enjoy hopping on the rock and diving back into the water.
* eventually transform themselves through a process called metamorphosis into adult frogs.
* evolve into adult frogs, developing legs and eventually loosing their tails.
* experience metamorphosis.
* face danger.
* feed by filtering algae and diatoms, and consume some plant material
  - scraping algae and bacteria that grow on the surface of underwater objects
* feed on algae and small plant materials
  - algae, rotting vegetation, and detritus
  - bottom detritus, or by filtering suspended plant material and planktonic animals
  - infertile eggs provided by their mother
  - plankton, algae, organic debris, and small plants
  - remain yolks
  - vegetable matter
* go temporarily deaf just before they metamorphose into frogs
  - through many changes before they become young frogs
* has-part gills.
* hatch from the eggs and live in the pond
  - tiny eggs that are laid in masses in the water
  - out within two days
* hatch within a few days
* hatch, live, and breath in water.
* have a black tipped tail unlike any other tadpole
  - diet very different from adults
  - distinctive black tail tip
  - large head that tapers to the tail and they resemble small fish without fins
  - red tipped tail, unique among Minnesota's tadpole's
  - round body with eyes situated on the top of their head
  - rounded body
  - sucker-like mouth with rasping teeth and they breath through their gills
  - fleshy lips with rows of teeth for eating water plants
  - gills with which to breathe in water
  - gills, similar to fish, covered and protected by a flap of skin
  - no jaws, lungs or eyelids, and possess a skeleton of cartilage
  - several mechanisms to reduce predation
  - short oval-shaped bodies with long tails and are about half an inch long
  - significant impact in nutritional cycling
  - tails and gills
  - the tendency to conceal themselves in duckweed
  - to watch out since they can be eaten by other water animals or birds
* hibernate in the deep silt of the lake bottom.
* includes brains
  - cell membranes
  - cells
  - corpi
  - cytoplasm
  - nuclei
  - plasma membranes
  - sections
  - skulls
  - vacuoles
* live a solitary existence all winter and transform into tiny frogs in the spring or summer
  - and swim under water
  - completely underwater
  - underwater and breathe using gills which are tiny flaps under their skin
* mainly eat algae.
* mature rapidly and are ready to leave the water in a day or two.
* metamorphose during the first summer or fall after the eggs are deposited
  - from gilled animals into air-breathing adults that are able to live on land
* metamorphose in about three months
  - several months or more after hatching
  - into tiny hopping froglets, only a couple of centimetres long, in midsummer
* move by wiggling their tales.
* need clean water
* occur all year long.
* often develop a taste for meat as they grow, turning into little carnivores
  - feed on plants in the water such as algae or the delicate tips of leaves
  - have horny beaks
* open mouths.
* probably filter, or graze, on algae and diatoms
  - graze on algae and diatoms along rocky stream bottoms
  - spend most of their time attached to such rocks by a large oral sucker
* really vary in terms of size, and lots of it depends on temperature.
  - water for at least three or four months while completing their aquatic development
* seem to exhibit a similar physiological behavior
  - vary more than frogs in structure and in the places in which they live
* spend the winter in the water and transform the following summer.
* stranded by the drought become food for raccoons, mink, and a variety of birds.
* swim around in their egg cases until they burst open.
  - near the shore
* take three to four months to complete their development.
* tend to prefer shallow water.
* transform by midsummer
  - more quickly and at a smaller size than frogs
  - within three months, becoming mature adults within one year
* typically metamorphose in a month or less.
* undergo a dramatic metamorphosis of body shape as they become adults
  - four remarkable changes that are easy to observe
  - three remarkable changes that are easy to observe
* use gills to breathe, unlike the adults, which breathe through lungs
* use shallow water near shores
  - waters near shore for at least six months while completing development
  - their tails, but frogs have no tails
* usually have gills, a lateral line system, long-finned tails, but no limbs.
* vary greatly in size, both during their development and between species.
+ Hyperoliidae: Frogs
  * Breeding in this family begins at the start of the rainy season. Hyperoliids come together at breeding sites. Most hyperoliids lay their eggs in water. Tadpoles are pond type larvae with large dorsal fins on the tail.
  * Frogs can live on land and in fresh water. They cannot survive in salt water. Their development is by metamorphosis. They hatch as tadpoles  from eggs, which are laid by a female frog. The eggs are called frogspawn. Tadpoles have tails and gills. When they grow up, they lose their tails and gills and grow four long legs.