### condition | deficiency:

Magnesium deficiency
* Magnesium deficiencies are common
  - more common than calcium
  - rare in the Midwest
* Magnesium deficiencies can cause older leaves to prematurely yellow
  - result in muscle weakness and irritability
* appears as a yellowing of the tip of the leaf.
* can affect most species of palms
  - also be present in Australian natives in many California soils
* can lead to premature fruit drop at harvest
  - swollen ankles
* causes yellowing, but differs from that of nitrogen.
* common problem and it affects the size of roots and fruits.
* enhances resistance to paraquad toxicity in bean leaves.
* induces osteoporosis in the rat.
* is also quite common in Florida palms, but especially in Phoenix species.
* is characterized by interveinal chlorosis with marginal yellowing of leaves
  - white stripes between the leaf veins
  - described with cardiac arrhythmias
  - especially common in patients receiving furosemide diuretics
  - particularly common in years of heavy crops
  - rare in dogs and cats
  - related to muscle spasms, tremors, and convulsions
  - very often present and quite severe
* occurs frequently in potted citrus.
* plays a major role in controlling fluid balance and cravings.
* produces neuromuscular disorders.

Manganese deficiency
- occur in alkaline soils
* cause slow hair growth.
* causes decreased ability to remove excess sugar from the blood.
* is also evident in some soybean fields
  - extremely rare
  - rare and unlikely to be a problem in grazing cattle in Georgia
* occurs in all citrus growing areas of New Zealand
  - tagasaste in similar areas to manganese deficiency in white lupins
  - mainly in slightly acidic to neutral soils

Methionine deficiency
* Methionine deficiencies decrease arsenic excretion
* Methionine deficiencies decrease urinary arsenic excretion
* Most methionine deficiencies decrease arsenic excretion.
* Most methionine deficiencies decrease urinary arsenic excretion

Mild deficiency
* Some mild deficiencies cause infertility.
* is common especially in the elderly and in women premenstrually.

Niacin deficiency
* Niacin deficiencies can cause neurological and skin problems.
* causes pellagra in humans.
* is common in people who experience acute heart attacks.

### condition | deficiency:

Nitrogen deficiency
* Nitrogen deficiencies affect the oldest, lowest leaves first.
* can cause increases in some fungus diseases.
* causes leaves to yellow and older leaves to drop
  - reduced growth and pale yellowish green leaves
* causes the lower leaves to turn yellow
  - older leaves of a plant to turn yellow
* increases plant stress
  - the stress on the plants
* is characterized by reduced plant growth and a pale green or yellow color
  - the most common and widespread nutrient deficiency in small grains
* shows up as a general yellowing of the entire plant.

### condition | deficiency:

Nutrient deficiency
* Most nutrient deficiencies affect health
  - show up as foliar symptoms on the plant leaves
* Nutrient deficiencies are likely to be present under water stress situations
  - very difficult to diagnose
* Nutrient deficiencies can cause discolored or stunted foliage
  - imbalances in the brain chemistry that governs moods
  - have a profound influence on the brain and mood
  - occur and appear as light or pale green foliage
* Nutrient deficiencies cause imbalances in metabolism
  - specific symptoms
  - show up as leaf or needle discoloration and abnormal growth patterns
  - weaken the immune system and decrease one's ability to tolerate therapies
* Some nutrient deficiencies cause specific discoloration in the foliage.
* is the most common cause of low immune function.