### interdependence:

Parasitism
* biotic factor that can affect populations.
* can affect foraging at several levels
  - be extensive, but it occurs after clipping injury so the damage is already done
* comes along very slowly.
* exists when competition for food is most intense.
* form of symbiosis, as is mutualism
  - symbiotic association in which parasite get benefits while harming the host
* good example of how species interactions are integrated.
* is also prevalent in outdoor cats
  - another form of degeneracy common among plants and animals
  - considered as an important symbiotic relationship
  - everywhere
  - full of risks for both the parasite and the host
  - known to be important in biological evolution
  - mutuality
* is one of the greatest disease problems in grazing livestock
  - most widespread life strategies ever to evolve
  - rare
* is the act of laying an egg inside the whitefly nymph
  - association of two such organisms
  - third and final type of symbiosis
  - type of relationship the Guinea worms are
  - very rapid, occurring as a female parasitoid apparently walks over a host caterpillar
* is when an organism lives off of a host organism and causes that host harm
  - one organism benefits and one organism is harmed
  - the predator is smaller than the prey
  - where one organism benefits and the other is harmed
* occurs when a smaller organism lives off of a larger one and gives nothing in return.
* relationship between a parasite and a host.
* relationship in which one organism benefits and the other organism is harmed
  - at the expense of another
  - where one species benefits and one species is harmed
* remains light.
* symbiosis where one species benefits while harming the other.
* symbiotic relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is harmed
  - benefits while the other is harmed
  - the symbiont benefits at the expense of the host

### interdependence | parasitism:

Pathological narcissism
* has very little to do with healthy narcissism.
* is parasitism.

Sequential interdependence
* is an asymmetrical chain of one way interactions.
* occurs when the output of one group acts as the input of the next.

Symbiosis
* exists in deserts.
* looks at long term relationships between different organisms.
* occurs when two organisms create a union in which each is benefited by the other.

### interdisciplinary field:

Community development
* broader concept than economic development.
* child of hard times.
* concern of many co-operatives.
* involves the people at the grassroots.
* is about taking back one's power to name and create one's world
  - an interdisciplinary field
* is the foundation of sustainable economic development
  - recognition of our strengths and power, of our own abilities
* takes work, planning and community leadership.

Environmental history
* Environmental History is an interdisciplinary quarterly publication.
* field that is growing and attracting a lot of attention.
* is an interdisciplinary field.

Information science
* applied to biology is called bioinformatics.
* are science.
* is about the storage, organization, and use of information
* is concerned with both research and design
  - the practice of storing and retrieving information
  - the study of the information needs and requirements of an organisation
* studies the entire cycle of people's information activities.

Interdisciplinary political geography
* Political geography examines political phenomena in their areal context
  - has strong ties to political science and international affairs
* Political geography is an interdisciplinary subject
  - concerned with the spatial expression of political entities and events
  - introduced with puzzle maps of the United States and each of the continents
  - organized or studied in three scaled groups. * organized or studied in three scaled groups. Taylor, Peter James