### food | grub:

Maggot
* Most maggots live buried in their food.
* also have a role in food chains
  - secrete a substance that serves as an antibacterial weapon against bacterial infection
* are flies
  - gregarious animals and travel around in 'maggot masses'
  - harvested by several methods
  - larvae or immature stages of Diptera or two-winged flies
  - larvas
* are legless, have poorly developed heads, and are about one inch long when mature
  - white insects that feed from the egg-laying site for three to five days
  - located in compost
  - more of a problem in cool, wet soils
  - similar to house flies, having a single mouth hook
  - the larvae of carrion flies, which are attracted by the smell of anything dead
* are the larvae of flies and often infest untreated, open wounds
  - that hatch when flies lay eggs on an open wound
  - true flies
* are the larval form of flies and are found in many habitats
  - stage of flies
  - most obvious sign of any fly infestation
  - small, white, worm-like larvae of flies
  - usually small, white legless worms without an obvious head
  - yellowish white
* become pupae, the pupae become adults.
* become white after molting and appear greenish white when full grown
  - the first molt and appear greenish-white when fully grown
* breathe from the anterior end of their body to get oxygen as they burrow through tissue.
* breed in stagnant waters high in organic matter.
* burrow in seed, either causing failure to sprout, or producing a weak, sickly plant.
* can also cause injury to underground stems
  - cause damage to root systems
  - even burrow into the horn itself
  - survive for some time in crop residue
* cluster on exposed, moist body orifices-eyes, nose, mouth.
* come from microscopic eggs
  - in a lots of different colors
* consume the tissue, along with the bacteria which infects it.
* develop in cow manure and pupate in adjacent soil
  - on cow manure, then pupate in the soil
* eat away the damaged flesh, which helps the wound heal
  - rotting meat, no matter where it is located
* eat the bacterial micro-organisms present in wounds
  - cats
  - core of the pepper, causing it to decay or drop from the plant
* feed upon the dead body with zest.
* grow at an increased rate with higher temperature.
* hatch from the eggs and tunnel through the fruit, feeding on the pulp
* help recycle as they consume organic matter.
* lack definite heads, eyes, antennae or legs
  - antennae, and legs
* leave behind a kind of ammonia-like excretion that disinfects the wound.
* living in water usually have some type of breathing tube or gills with which they gain air.
* move by wriggling or flipping their bodies.
* obtain nutrients by extracorporeal digestion.
* often continue to feed in stored carrots.
* play an important role in breaking down and redistributing organic matter.
* prefer soils heavy in organic matter where they can survive and move to seeds.
* spend the winter in the puparia until the following summer.
* suck sap and stunt tillers, possibly by injecting a toxin into the plant
  - presumably by injecting a toxin into the plant
* tunnel into roots, causing rot and plants to wilt
  - stems below the ground
  - the roots and stunt the plants

### food | grub | maggot:

Cabbage maggot
* are also the larvae of small flies
  - usually most severe when the weather is cool and wet for a long period of time
* can cause damage all summer long.
* cause damage in some areas.

Root maggot
* can be a problem when adult flies lay eggs at the base of the plant stems.
* tunnel in the seeds or the roots and stems of seedlings.

Seedcorn maggot
* are occasional pests of both corn and soybean seeds at germination.
* have three larval stages.

Small grub
* begin feeding on grass roots, consuming more over larger areas as they grow.
* feed during the first summer, moving down in the soil to over-winter.