### condition | illness | disease | dwarfism:

Achondroplastic dwarfism
* is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder of bone growth
  - inherited as a dominant trait
* occurs, even though sufferers have reduced fertility.

Dystrophy
* Dystrophies are all harmless.
* Some dystrophies affect the body of the cornea, such as granular or lattice dystrophy.
* is genetic conditions
  - illnesses

### condition | illness | disease | dystrophy:

Corneal dystrophy
* Corneal dystrophies form a group of rare disorders which usually affect both eyes.
* Most corneal dystrophies are autosomal dominant.
* is non-painful in most breeds.

### condition | illness | disease | dystrophy:

Muscular dystrophy
* All muscular dystrophies are by definition inherited.
* Muscular dystrophies are genetic diseases that cause muscle weakness of varying severity
* affects muscle fibers
  - only males
* broad term that refers to a number of primary diseases of muscle.
* can affect people of all ages
  - become apparent at any age
  - cause arrhythmias, an irregular heartbeat
* causes a weakening and eventual deterioration of muscle tissue
  - impaired physical mobility and weakness
* causes the muscles in the body to become very weak
  - voluntary muscle fibers to degenerate and turn to fatty tissue
* chronic disease characterised by a gradual wasting of the muscles.
* genetic abnormality.
* group of neuromuscular disorders that have no known cure.
* involves myopathic changes.
* is caused by mutations in a large, complex gene that produces dystrophin
* is the best known form of hypomyelination, but there are many others
  - most common hereditary disease of muscle and nerves
* leads to the loss of muscle, weakness, and involuntary muscle contractions.
* term encompassing a variety of muscle wasting diseases.

### condition | illness | disease | dystrophy:

Myotonic dystrophy
* can affect people at any age
  - cause mental deficiency, hair loss and cataracts
* causes a failure of the muscles' ability to release after use.
* is caused by a defective gene
  - distinct in having widespread effects throughout the systems of the body
  - known as an extremely variable condition
  - muscular dystrophy
  - ruled out based on genetic testing
* is the most common adult form of muscular dystrophy
  - of the myotonic disorders
  - thought to account for some fatal heart attacks while sleeping
  - transmitted via an autosomal dominant inheritance
* multi-system disease with highly variable clinical manifestations.

Ear disease
* Some ear diseases occur in chinchillas.
* is no different from most illnesses.

### condition | illness | disease | emphysema:

Severe emphysema
* is characterized by a profound sense of breathlessness.
* major cause of right-sided congestive heart failure.

Subcutaneous emphysema
* can occur whenever compressed air is employed intraorally.
* is encountered as a generalized condition in smaller species
  - rare in infants unless massive pneumomediastinum occurs

### condition | illness | disease:

Eye disease
* Many eye diseases are silent
  - lead to low vision and thus benefit from low vision services
  - show symptoms of lack of blood flow through the eye
* Some eye diseases affect retinas
  - are characterized by degeneration
  - lead to blindness
* are common in dogs
  - silent enemies of the eye
* can be present without eye pain, redness, or other clinical signs
  - very contagious
  - go undetected until the vision becomes noticeably affected
  - occur at any age
* rob the sight of millions of people each year.
* strike many otherwise-healthy elders late in life.