Lice
* All lice cause itching and discomfort.
* All lice infecting poultry and birds are the chewing type
  - are the sucking and chewing type
* Many lice are specific to a single species of host and have co-evolved with it.
* Most lice appear in clusters
  - eat blood
  - emerge from eggs
  - give birth to lice
  - has-part mouthparts
* Most lice have heads
  - legs
  - lifespans
  - shapes
  - invade hair
  - live in hair
* Most lice live on blood
  - mammals
* Most lice occur in animals
* Most lice prefer blood
* Most lice require blood
  - resemble lice
* Some lice are resistant to commonly used pediculicides
  - avoid poison
  - become lice
  - carry organisms
  - crawl on skin
* Some lice feed on blood
  - feathers
  - human blood
* Some lice have abdomens
  - claws
  - larval stages
* Some lice infect animals
  - dogs
  - eyelashs
  - sheep
* Some lice invade bodies
  - children
* Some lice live in animals
  - beds
* Some lice live on birds
  - predators
  - skin, although they are difficult to see
* Some lice make blood
  - homes
  - prefer heads
  - require water
  - resemble adult lice
* Some lice suck blood
  - coyotes
  - take blood meals
* cause intense itchiness, constant irritation and relentless restlessness in affected dogs.
* cause intense itching in affected areas and pink papules
  - of the scalp
  - itching, scratching, and open wounds that easily become infected
* crawl from person to person directly or on combs, hats, bedding, etc.
* like to live in people's hair, and they like to have very big families.
* live and lay their eggs on the skin amongst the hair or wool.
* live by feeding on human blood which is why they become brownish red
* look like dandruff, but the small, white creatures adhere to the hairs rather than the scalp
  - something like fleas, but are difficult to see and move quickly
* pass through a three-stage life cycle, including three stages as immature nymphs.
* persist over the summer months on reservoir animals.
* survive by biting the scalp causing red marks on the back of the neck or scalp.
* tend to stay embedded in the warm, dark areas where they thrive.
* thrive in clean hair and they often spread among family members and in schools.
* turn up in archaeological sites from Iceland to Israel.

Leghold trap
* allow for either release or euthanasia of the trapped animal.
* are notorious for the pain and prolonged suffering that they inflict
* are the method preferred by hunters on the Tibetan Plateau
  - most commonly used traps for catching nutria
* cause extreme suffering and pain to their victims.
* pose a threat to non-target animals.
* seize animals and birds by their legs, stomachs, wings, and faces.

Lameness
* Many lamenesses induce obvious signs, such as head nodding or limping.
* can occur from having a misdistribution of weight
  - suddenly, or gradually increase over time
  - range from the barely perceptible to a horse hobbling along on three legs
* common presenting symptom due to involvement of the long bones of the legs.
* is an abnormal walk and is caused by injury or disease
  - especially evident after exercise periods
* is the first sign of hoof rot, and the smell of rotting tissue is unmistakable
  - major concern for all sectors of the equine industry
  - uncommon unless feet are infected or ulcerated
  - usually evident in all gaits and upon turning
  - very common amongst dairy cows
* major health and welfare problem in all sheep producing countries
  - issue in the dairy industry
* multifactorial disease and is directly related to how cows are managed.
* often appears suddenly after prolonged exercise or after a brisk walk
  - makes one think of foot rot, a common problem in cattle on pasture
* related to laminitis is caused by an inadequate flow of blood in the foot.
* varies in severity.
* very common problem in dogs, and occurs for many different reasons.