Start range. All right, hey everyone. So today we're going to discuss impedance matching and reflections in a transmission wire. So in this setup, I have a 15 meter long transmission wire, soaked up to a T junction to the oscilloscope channel one, and then the other end of this T junction is hooked up to this function generator. The function generator outputs a 1 megahertz positive unipolar square wave with an amplitude of 1 volt, and it's got a duty cycle of 10%. So on the oscilloscope, on the left hand side, we see the incoming pulse that's generated by the function generator. And slightly after, we see a smaller pulse. And this smaller pulse is the reflected pulse from the end of the transmission line. So now let me discuss the impedance matching. You know, we've impedance matched the resistance of the wire if we see this reflected pulse go to zero because the voltage of the reflected pulse is proportional to the difference between the load resistor and the impedance of the wire. So right now we have a positive voltage reflected pulse because this load resistance has a greater resistance than the impedance of the transmission wire. So now let me tune the load resistance and let's see how this pulse changes. So I'm going to start decreasing the load resistance and you see that the reflected pulse is going down and down and down. Now if I can tune it just right, you can see that the reflected pulse disappears. What this means is we've made the load resistance here equal to the line resistance within this transmission line. Now let me make the load resistance even smaller. So if I make the load resistance smaller, you see that we get our reflected pulse back, now it's got a negative voltage. What this means is I've made the load resistance smaller than the impedance of the transmission line. Okay, so that concludes the demo. Thanks.