Hello everyone in this tutorial we want to walk you through the section of the anterior and medial thigh. So let's orient ourselves first. This is the lateral side. It is the medial thigh in going out region and near area. We put the skin incision along the inguinal ligament, a vertical incision in the skin, all the way down to almost the width of one hand below to the petal lung. When you put this skin incision especially in the thigh region don't put very deep incision because it might cut the soft tissues underneath. We reflux the skin, lateral and medialy, medialy whereas we keep the deep fascia intact. So here is the deep fascia, we reflux the skin to the lateral side and then a skin to the medial side and then of course when you reflect that you will see the deep fascia covers the whole region and then that's the part of the fascia, fascia lateral which is the deep fascia of the thigh. If you recall the deep fascia of the thigh is thicker on the lateral side and is known as iliotibial band or iliotibial tract. When you trace the iliotibial band superially you will notice that it becomes two layers. We have open a window in the layers and you can see one of the muscles of the gluteir region, tensor fascia lata muscle here. So that is tensor fascia lata which is in charge of the flexion and medial rotation of the hip joint and is considered one of the gluteal muscles but sitting in the lateral thigh. Also on the medial side you can find one of the superficial veins of the lower limb, the great safferness vein which is run within the superficial fascia becomes all the way up and drains into the femoral vein. Now let's go with the muscles in the region. So anterior compartment known as exensor compartment includes these muscles, sorterias or tailor muscle which is the longest muscle in human body from aces all the way to the upper medial leg. Then lateral to the sorterias we have quadriceps muscle but each head of the muscle is considered as a separate muscle. These muscles are vasus medialis rectus femoris, vasus lateralis and vasus intermedius right there. The tendon of these four muscles attached to the borders of the patellar, then this tendon is called quadriceps tendon and then after patellar the muscle inserts to the tbial tuberosity here while you're this ligament or tendon. Patellar ligament or patellar tendon. Quadriceps muscle is in charge of extension of the knee joint however the rectus femoris can also flex the hip joint because it passes the hip joint from the anterior side and if you recall sorterias can flex and laterally rotate the hip joint and also flex and mediali rotates the knee joint. It also can ab-duct or ab-duct the hip joint practically five functions for this muscle. Now we go to the medial compartment. The medial compartment of the thigh also known as adductor compartment and as its name implies this compartment is in charge of the adduction of the thigh. The muscles are arranged in different layers on the superficial layer. We have adductor longus, the smusso and pectunius. On the knee we have adductor brevis, the smusso. The larmug of adductor brevis is the anterior branch of the octo-returner passes anterior to the adductor brevis this nerve. Under the adductor brevis right here we have adductor magnus, the spig muscle and then the one of the adductor muscles on the medial side, grass cells. As I mentioned this group is mainly in charge of the adduction of the hip joint. Also good to know that inside the adductor magnus we have an opening right here known as adductor hiatus right there. So we will see the application of adductor hiatus later when we review the arteries, the arteries here. Now two more things and then we go with the nerve and blast supply. One is pest answerine tendon and the other one is femurnautriaco. If you recall the tendon of three muscles on the upper medial leg form a tendon altogether form a tendon known as pest answerine tendon. Pest answerine is tendon. So these muscles are sarturius from anterior thigh, grassillis from medial thigh and semi, let me actually expose this muscle for you, semi tendonis this one from the posterior thigh. Okay say grace B4T. Okay so then pest answerine that was a no-one actually for this guys. So then that's the pest answerine on the upper medial leg. Now let's move up and look at the femurnautriaco. So let's zoom in on the femurnautriaco and see the boundaries. In going on ligament, sarturius, adductor longus. On the floor of the triaco we have peccinus and then this muscle coming from the pelvis and the posterior abdomen which is ilusua's muscle is made by the suas major and iliacus and ilusua's in charge of the flexion of the hip joint. Okay now inside the femurnautriaco we have femurnaul van which stands for vein, artery and nerve. So from lateral to medial we have the femurnaul nerve then femurnaul artery in the middle and femurnaul vein on the medial site and if you recall the no-one for that is navy, navy and stands for nerve, artery, vein and eye stands for internal or inside. Okay that's the arrangement of the femurnaul van elements in the femurnautriaco. So let's do the nerve and blood supply of this area and then finish the tutorial. When it comes to the nerve, femurnaul nerve is the nerve of anterior thigh. It sends several branches to the muscles. We want to look at the longest continuous branch of the femurnaul nerve. The one has saffonus nerve. Saffonus nerve goes all the way down under the fascia then on the lower medial thigh it becomes superficial and it runs within the superficial fascia on the medial leg. Okay the nerve on the medial compartment is up to the nerve which is in charge of the nerve supply of majority muscles on the anaductal compartment. When it comes to the artery, the artery on the medial side which is really tiny branch right here or the arteries up to the artery and then the main artery here which is in charge of the blast supply of both anterior and medial compartment is femurnaul artery right. So then when we trace the femurnaul artery it goes all the way down. Okay passes through the anaductal heredits if you recall. Aductal heredits is the opening inside the anaductal magnets and as you see both artery and vein femurnaul artery and femurnaul vein pass through the anaductal heredits and then and then when they pass they go to the poplital fascia. The artery becomes poplital artery. When it comes to the branches of the femurnaul artery we have this big one deep femurnaul artery this one right there and then from the deep femurnaul the branches are lateral sythomphlex femurnaul artery this one medial sythomphlex femurnaul artery and then perforating branches such as these ones which perforate the adductors some of the adductal muscles and they will show up on the posterior thigh to supply the muscles on the posterior thigh. Thank you for watching our tutorial.