Hence, the subtitles of my lectures, the invention of Britain, the invention of England, and the invention of Wales. And I want to suggest in these lectures that looking at the building blocks that are used for these acts of invention in R3 chroniclers, gives us not only a sense of what was going on in the early Middle Ages, but a sense of what continues to contribute in one way or another, to the picture we have and the story we tell about the identity of this society.