Trainage. Answering the age old question, where does the water go after it rains? Trainage can be defined as the collection and discharge of rainwater that has fallen. This excess water can either become runoff or it can be absorbed into the soil. Vegetation plays a very important role in runoff because it slows it from each in the drainage basin so it is not overwhelmed. An overwhelmed drainage basin will cause flooding and can be very dangerous. If vegetation is removed, there will be a very large increase in runoff, which means that water will be lying around on the surface instead of being absorbed into the soil and will cause flooding. In recent times, human development has caused an increase in runoff due to the use of materials that are impervious to rainwater. Such materials as asphalt, stone, and concrete do not absorb water well and therefore increase runoff. In this demonstration, you will see how well soil can absorb water. Notice how there is very little runoff after the water has been absorbed. In this demonstration, you will see the inability of impervious materials to absorb water. So, the big question is, how do we prevent runoff and commercialize in urban areas? Currently, the state of Connecticut has eight major drainage basins. The biggest three are for the themes of the Connecticut and the Hustotonic Rivers, which are the largest ones in the state. On an annual average, Connecticut receives 60 to 65 inches of rain per year. In addition, it receives 35 inches of snowmail along the shoreline and 50 inches of snowmail in the northwestern hills. This is a fairly decent amount of water, and so Connecticut is very reliant on its drainage basins in order to collect this vast volume of precipitation. In many commercialized areas in Connecticut, it is very difficult for water to reach the drainage basin and instead becomes runoff. Luckily, there is a man here at Yukon who has figured out a very elegant solution to runoff. Yes, he used plants. But wait, they're on the roof. Who knew? Yukon's own Dr. Jack Klossen has created the Green Roof Project, which adds vegetation to several different rooftops on campus. These rooftop gardens will decrease runoff on campus because the rainfall will be absorbed in the vegetation and soil that has been planted on the roof. There are currently two buildings that have green roofs on campus, Laurel Hall and Stores Hall. While these rooftops were only a test, they have worked out quite well according to Jack Klossen's observations. Here you're long study, 41.6% of precipitation was retained by these green roofs, which is absolutely incredible. Other green roofs across the country have also shown water retention, some of them retaining up to 56% of all precipitation. According to these studies, green roofs would be a great way to prevent runoff in urban areas. Because soil and vegetation is the best way to prevent runoff, green roofs should be implemented all across the state. Of course, urbanization is growing at a very rapid rate, and therefore we should be implementing solutions to these kinds of environmental problems. If we are to preserve the fine beauty of this state, it is probably best to start sooner rather than later. Thank you.