Hello, I am Dr. Deepak Kalkar. I am a psychiatrist, hypnotherapist, diadxan specialist and sexologist practicing in Maharashtra, Akolyasity. We are having two hospitals here where we admit mental patients, one with relatives, we admit the patient and another hospital where we admit patients without relatives. There we admit patient for alcohol, diadxan and all types of addiction we treat there. Today I am going to talk with you about depression. Depression is very commonly seen illness, psychiatric illness, found in general population. It is estimated that around 5 to 17 percent of people suffer from depression and it is more commonly seen in females than males and it is more common around 40 years of age. If there are symptoms of depression, they last for two weeks consecutively without break, then we can say that the person is suffering from depression. There are common symptoms and if 5 out of these 9 which I am going to tell you right now, if 5 out of these 9 are seen, then we can say that the person is suffering from depression. Now, which are those symptoms, 9 symptoms, just I am going to elaborate and enumerate. Number one is sadness of mood. This is very common and the first and foremost symptom is mood disorder. You say mood disorder. This is a sadness. The person says that I am nervous, I am not feeling well, I am down, I have got low mood, now I am depressed, sad and then he has got beeping spells. He is beeping without any reason. Some people, some patients they do not, people. So, they say that I feel like beeping but I do not like cry or there are no tears, I do not beep. But I am feeling like beeping but I am not getting cry, you know. So, like he is not crying but he feels like that. So, this is the sadness of mood, nervousness, depression and he is feeling very low. Second is he has got loss of interest. It is a very common, he is seen and is more important, otherwise most important symptom of depression is loss of interest or which is called as unhidonia. He has got loss of interest in everything like he does not want to go to his job. If a lady is there, she does not want to cook or do household work, he does not like to go anywhere to any function or marry ceremony or any other ceremony for that matter. He does not want to go to movie, he just cannot enjoy watching TV or nothing like he does not want to talk to anyone and like he has got loss of interest in everything. Third commonly seen is appetite, like loss of appetite. The person has got loss of appetite like he does not feel like eating, he does not have any taste, he does not feel like he does not have any hunger and he feels like he should not eat anything. On the contrary, some people made more, they eat excessively. So, if the patient is not eating, he will lose weight, if the patient is eating more, he will gain weight, it depends. So, his appetite disturbances. Fourth one is sleep disturbances. The person who is suffering from depression has got insomnia. He either cannot get or he like he does not get sleep, he cannot fall asleep in the night, like he may be awake till 12 o'clock, 1 o'clock in the night and getting up early in the morning. Or he falls asleep early and then he gets up in the morning very early and then he feels very bad, trausi, lousy, now with low mood and a mood is more depression the morning other than the evening. Or if he gets sleep, there are sleep disturbances and he gets very often in the sleep. So, sleep disturbance is very common reason. Fifth is reduce psychomotor activity. Reduced psychomotor activity means like activity are very much reduced, like he is walking, very slow, he is talking, very slow, his moments are slow, you know, if you see a patient with depression like his head is down, you know as if he is bowing and shoulders are down, he is very walking very slowly. So, he has got loss of like lesser psychomotor activity and his all activities are very slow, some patients they show agitation, like they are very agitated, they are moving from here and there and they are restless, agitated, you know and like agitation, restlessness and increased psychomotor activities also in some patients. Then, sixth one is energy, loss of energy or less of energy, like he is not enthusiastic, he is not energetic to do anything and like he feels very tired, feels very low, he does not feel like doing anything and as if the juice is taken out, you know, whole of the juice is taken out and he is like feeling very drowsy or dull or less energetic and it does not want to do anything. So, he has got less of energy. Seventh is he has got guilt feelings, very much he feels guilty about whatever he has been in the past. So, like he thinks that he has some sin in the past or he has done he has hurt many people or he has not done good things in the past and he feels very bad about it. Then, he has got hopelessness, he is helpless, like he thinks that he just cannot do anything and he is helpless, he cannot do anything about it or he is hopeless about the future that nothing can be done about, like he thinks that the like his family will you know will be very poor in the future, he will lose money and his children will be suffering and the future is very doomed and dark. So, it is about future and hopelessness and helplessness and worklessness, you know. So, these feelings are there. Eighth one is concentration, like he has got lack of concentration, he cannot concentrate, lack of concentration and because of lack of concentration, he has got forgetfulness. Then his speed of doing any work goes down because of lack of concentration, he cannot concentrate, because he will be like because he cannot concentrate, like he will be looking here and you know, cannot sit at a place and cannot do any job for a long time. The ninth one is he may harm, self harm or suicide, suicide risk, he may harm self, like he thinks his worthless, hopeless, nothing can be done, if it is better that he finishes his life. So, he may harm himself, which can be very lethal or he may commit suicide, attempt suicide. So, there are a lot many cases who have attempted suicide and some were committed suicide. So, like these are the very cardinal symptoms of depression and they are very commonly seen. So, if you find any person around you who is saying that no, I am having low mood, he may be going in depression or he feels nervous, sad, you know. So, he may be having depression or going into a depressive state. So, better watch for the people around because it is very commonly seen and if you think if there are people around who are not taking any help from doctors. 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