Hello everyone, welcome to my YouTube channel LifeScienceWithKMD. Today I am going to explain about East Artificial chromosome vector. East Artificial chromosome vector is also called as a Yak vector. Host of this vector is a East. It consists of a Centromere site, telomerase site, along with the origin of replication site and a selectable marker and multiple cloning site. East Artificial chromosome is a human engineer DNA molecule used to clone DNA sequence in East cells. It is also called as a Yak and Yak is an artificially constructed chromosome that contain Centromere, telomere region for the maintenance and stabilization and protect the end from degradation happened by the enzymes. It consists of a autonomous replicating sequence also called as a ARS. This element is required for the replication and preservation of Yak in the East cells. ARS elements are thought to act as replication origin. Now in case of Yak 3, it consists of a 11400 base pair and it has a SUP4 gene, a suppressor TRNA gene which overcome the effect of ADE2 arch mutation and restore wild type activity resulting in colorless colonies. The host cell are also designed to have received TRP1 and urA3 alleles which are complemented by the corresponding TRP1 and urA3 alleles in the vector, providing a selection system for identifying the cell containing Yak vector. Useful for cloning very large DNA segment or the fragment up to 500 KB, useful for very large DNA fragments. Now this East artificial chromosome or vector is a linear plasmid vector. The clone large DNA segment up to 100 to 1400 KB occurring into form circular and linear circular which grow in bacteria whereas the linear form multiplies in the East cell. Yak 3, PAA3 is the first Yak developed. It contain RARS sequence for replication, sent one sequence for centromaric function, TRP1 and urA3 are two selectable markers and it is used for mapping complex eukaryotic chromosomes. Now how to construct East artificial chromosome vector. First the Yak is built using initial circular plasmid typically broken into two linear molecules using restriction enzyme. DNA ligase is used to ligate a sequence or a gene of interest between the two linear molecules forming a single large linear piece of DNA. East artificial chromosome are special linear DNA vector that resemble normal East chromosome. Yak contain T-lomer that stabilize the chromosome and the centromaric that ensure chromosome partitioning between two daughters cell and a selective marker. Yak vector can carry thousands hundreds of thousands of base pair of foreign DNA. This advantages of Yak very fragile and prone to breakage, unstable with their foreign DNA insert often being deleted. Laws of entire Yak during myototic growth difficult to separate the Yak from other host chromosome. The yield of DNA is not high. Chimerism and even chimerism has been seen. If you like and share this video with friends and family if you have any kind of feedback do share it on a comment box. Thank you.