Good morning, John. In 2012, on September 11th, a group of militants attacked the US consulate in Benghazi, Libya. Now, three years later, if you live in America, the word Benghazi is either one of those words that gets your real riled up, or it's a word that if you hear it, you're got to get ready to run away from whatever nearby person is about to get real riled up. It's one of those topics that you either know a whole lot about, or you know pretty much nothing about. The trouble is learning about Benghazi is no matter what, going to expose you to a great deal of partisan anger. Figuring out why this is, what actually happened, what it means, and hopefully removing it a little bit from that crazy angry partisan grandstanding is what we're going to try to do in the next seven minutes. Let's start out with Benghazi, which despite the fact that every American has heard of it as at minimum, the side of a tragedy, at maximum, a side of a massive conspiracy, is actually a city in Libya. It's big, it's about 600,000 people, roughly the size of Denver, Colorado. In 2009, a pro-democracy protest broke out in Benghazi, which then spread across the entire country and eventually resulted in the first Libyan civil war. Revolutions are very exciting, they promise the possibility of rapid change for good. And that's exactly what we were all hoping for after Muammar Gaddafi, generally accepted to be a pretty bad dude, was killed, and his government toppled. Unfortunately, the usual immediate outcome of a revolution is a power vacuum followed by groups of people who want very badly to control the future of their country with guns. There was a great deal of hope that Libya, and especially Benghazi, where the protests first began, would find a quick path to stability. And depending on who you ask, the Obama administration was either too optimistic about this, or criminally negligent in pretending that it was all okay when it really wasn't, and they just wanted to pretend it was for political reasons. Let's get this straight. In this story, there will be two sides to absolutely everything, and both of those sides want very badly to control the future of their country. You know, with incisive yammering on cable news and 85 different congressional committees. But thankfully, without guns, there isn't much controversy about what actually happened on September 11, 2012. A group of armed militants easily breached the consulate. Security experts attempted to gather all of the personnel and move them to the safety of a nearby CIA compound that was much more easily defensible. Two people, Ambassador Chris Stevens and Diplomat Sean Smith, were in a safe room. After the compound was lit on fire, both of them died of smoke inhalation. The rest of the consulate staff was taken to the CIA compound, which was then later attacked as well. There, two security officers, both former Navy SEALs, Glenn Doherty and Tyrone Woods, were killed by mortar fire. It was believed that Ambassador Stevens might still be alive. His body wasn't found at the consulate, but it turned out that a group of Libyans had tried to rescue him, pulled him out of the building, and taken him to a nearby hospital where doctors were unable to resuscitate him. Some people saw pictures of the local Libyans trying to help Ambassador Stevens and put text on those images saying that he was being attacked or tortured by those Libyans just to give you an idea of the kind of constant and deep misinformation we're dealing with here. So this was an awful thing that happened. It was a terrorist attack. It was a tragedy. And what you think about it depends largely on how you feel about President Obama and then Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, who was at the time ahead of the State Department. People predisposed to distrust in the Democratic leadership tend to believe that they made grave mistakes, and were criminally negligent, and have so far successfully covered up their criminal negligence, while people who find it easier to trust Clinton and Obama tend to accept the State Department's version of events. And that version indeed says that grave mistakes were made in not preparing the consulate for the instability of the situation, and that they could have been more responsive and that they were not. It doesn't go any deeper than that, and it doesn't go any further up the food chain than that. Those who distrust the Democratic leadership say that Clinton and Obama had a vested interest in downplaying the severity of the attack, and yeah, maybe they did. Nobody wants to have a terrorist attack on their record. This viewpoint is upheld by the fact that immediately after the attack, the CIA indicated and the administration repeated that the attack was just sort of a natural outgrowth of protests that were happening because of an anti-Islam film. And in fact, it was definitely a planned and organized terrorist attack. This was all very close to the 2012 election. Obama didn't want to be talking about how he'd let a terrorist attack happen. It was weeks before he even used the word terrorist. But downplaying a crisis after it's happened is at least to me very far away from criminal negligence. Other accusations like that then Secretary Clinton called off troops that could have helped have been proved over and over again to just be made up. But the State Department did make mistakes. They could have and should have done more to protect the consulate. So shortcomings have been acknowledged, and indeed they were acknowledged in the State Department's own internal report. Since then, there have been seven more investigations that have found nothing new. At a certain point, it very clearly went beyond simple partisan distrust and a desire to get to whatever truth is down there and morphed into an actual active taxpayer-funded campaign against the presumptive Democratic nominee for president. Of course, left-wing pundits have been saying this the whole time, but right-wing pundits would then say, no, we're just trying to get to the bottom of it and left-wing pundits would be like, you're at the bottom, there's nothing there. And they would just yell at each other, and that's how it went for a pretty long time. But then, somewhat disturbingly, one of the staunchest proponents for Benghazi investigations came forward on national TV and said this. Everybody thought Hillary Clinton was unbeatable, right? But we put together a Benghazi special committee. What are her numbers today? Now, a lot of people on both sides were like, yeah, of course. Of course, this is what this is about. It is a partisan. It is an opportunity for one party to gain advantage over the other. But coming out and proudly saying on national TV that you're running a series of taxpayer-funded investigations to advance your political party, that's bad, that's wrong. I mean, it's wrong to do it in the first place, but like, you can't say it. And indeed, that guy, who was probably going to become Speaker of the House, is no longer going to become Speaker of the House. Because that was dumb. Today, in America, the controversy surrounding the Benghazi attack has become so entrenched that there are a lot of people whose minds will never be changed. A lot of people who will believe forever that Obama and Clinton were criminally negligent. And a lot of people who will believe forever that it was never anything more than an opportunity for the Republicans to attack the Democrats. Some people absolutely do believe that there's a prize at the bottom of this crack-a-jack box, that the President and Hillary Clinton are evil, and that this is the best chance they have of uncovering that evil. But eight congressional investigations later, that's six more than we had after September 11th, 2001. It's seeming pretty unlikely that we're going to find out anything. And it's seeming more likely that this was a series of unfortunate circumstances and significant, but not criminal mistakes. Most people in politics, though, Benghazi is now just a talking point. It's a way to raise money from increasingly polarized constituencies and also a way to polarize those constituencies more. But even as it occasionally takes over US politics, the attack on the consulate was a much bigger deal for Libya. After the attack, eight organizations, investors, business people, and businesses all left the city crushing the economy. Other armies in Militia saw the attack on the consulate as brazen and inexcusable, and they took up arms and fighting increased. The consulate to the eventual Second Libyance of a War which began in 2014, Benghazi, now has large areas that are completely in ruins and the future of the city and the future of Libya is fearfully in question. So that is what's happening in actual Benghazi. As we hear in America, continue to talk about Benghazi as if it's just a 12-hour period of time in 2012 that was of course tragic. But ultimately, part of a much larger and longer series of tragedies. John, I'll see you on Tuesday. Since it's only two o'clock in the morning and I just finished editing this video, I figured I would talk a little more. Done other videos like this in the past. If you want to check those out, I'll put a link to a playlist. We've been doing it pretty much since the beginning of Vlog Brothers. And I like that we get to do videos like this, especially because we get to go past the time limit. But it's hard and it's stressful and it's two o'clock in the morning and I still have to edit this bit and I don't. I haven't found many examples of people who are trying to do this. It seems a little bit like you're not going to get a ton of views if you're not all about outrage and you're not all about what the other side is doing wrong and how evil they are. And so there are not a lot of people doing it. If I saw someone doing it, I would either hire them or I would just talk about them all the time. The question is, am I, is it just my own bias that makes me think that all of these other people are biased? I don't think it is. Mostly because the way to talk about it is from a little bit outside of the political system and nobody seems interested in doing that because that detachment doesn't get people that interested. I don't know people who are writing about complicated issues in a way that gives context is a more full picture of something and doesn't very particularly have a goal of promoting the ideology or the agenda of one party or another. Let me know in the comments. I'd love to read that because it would be nice just to help me research these because it's really not fun to read two angry positions and then try and figure out which parts of their anger are real and which parts are just then being angry, which is the majority of it. Another nice thing about this being educational video is I just can keep talking but I'm going to stop now. Thank you for watching and I hope that it was useful and not awful.