Good morning children, this is Tulasi, a PGT chemistry from TSMS Madhu presenting the topic called as Ionic Bond. What is an Ionic Bond? The strong force of attraction existing between two oppositely charged ions is called as Ionic Bond. The strong force of attraction existing between two oppositely charged ions is called as Ionic Bond. Then the question arises, what is an ion? An ion is formed when an atom either loses an electron or gains an electron. Why should an atom lose an electron? Because atom is not stable. They combine with other atoms to get the stability. So in order to get stability, to get near a renewable configuration, atoms tends to lose a gain electrons following octet rule. What is octet rule? Octet rule means a presence of eight electrons in the valentine shell is called as octet rule. So atoms either lose are gain electrons to form ions and these ions are of two types. One is cation and another one is anion. What is cation? When an atom loses an electron to get octet out of an electronic configuration, cation is formed. For example, sodium. Sodium with atomic number 11 is having an electronic configuration. One is 2, two is 2, two is 2, two is 6 and three is 1. That means sodium is having a three shells in the first shell. Sodium is having a two electrons, second shell. Sodium is having eight electrons and in the third shell, sodium is having one electron. But in the valentine shell, that is the last shell, sodium is having only one electron. But to get stability, it needs a seven more electrons. If it loses this electron, so if it loses this electron, it gets eight electrons in the second shell, which is a stable. So easily sodium loses this electron and form cation. Because it is losing one electron, here the charge becomes plus one. And in the case of anion, we are going to see anion. When an atom gains electron, to get octet out of electronic configuration, anion is formed. Here we can take an example of chlorine. One is 2, two is 2, two is 6, three is 2 and three is 5. In the first shell, two electrons are present. In the second shell, eight electrons and in the third shell, seven electrons are present. In the third shell, seven electrons are there. That means that it needs one more electron to get stability and that electron, it is getting from sodium. So you can see clearly in this diagram, diagrammatic representation of transfer of electron from sodium to chlorine next. This is how an ionic bond is formed between sodium and chlorine. Sodium is donating the electron and chlorine is accepting that electron. Complete transfer of electrons is taking place. You can see how the sodium cation is formed and chlorine negative ion is from other days anion. One more example from cation is here, ionic bond is lithium fluoride in lithium with atomic number 3, you are having two shells in the first shell, two electrons in the second shell, one electron and fluorine again here at atomic number 9, it is also having two shells that is in the first shell, you are having two electrons and in the second shell, you are having seven electrons. So the excess electron is transferred to the fluorine and resulting in the formation of lithium fluoride. So thus we can conclude that ionic bond is formed by complete transfer of electrons from positively charged cation to negatively charged anion. As the bond form here is between two oppositely charged ions, this is also called as electrololite bond and ionic bond is the strongest bond. If you see the properties of ionic compounds, ionic bonds are non-directional in nature, ionic compounds are good conductors of heat and electricity, ionic compounds are ductile and malleable. Thank you, thank you, one and all.