Applications of NURST Equation Predenisher metric It is an electro-analytical technique is used to determine amount of unknown substance present in the given solution. Principle It involves determination of concentration of ionic spaces in solution by measuring the potential developed at the electrode. It consists of two electrodes, indicator electrode, which is platinum and reference electrode usually K-alim electrodes use. The electrode whose potential depends upon the concentration of ion stimulator meant called indicator electrode. You know very well it is impossible to measure the potential of single electrode, so it is combined with reference electrode directly to form a cell. The potential of reference electrode remains constant. K-alim electrode is one such reference electrode which is externally used in potential metric. As the potential of the indicator electrode changes with changing the concentration of ionic solution, even if also changes, this change in amf is measured and the results are interpreted usually by graphical method. By using law, volume material can calculate the amount of solution present in the given solution. Predenisher metric tetrations Predenisher metric tetrations are those tetrations in which n point is determined by measuring the potential or amf during the course of tetration when tetrate is added. That means measurements are made while tetration is in progress. Now we will use this predeterminate technique to find the amount of iron present in the given solution using potassium pack remage. Here analyte is ferrous ion solution whereas tetrate is potassium pack remage. The basic parts of potassium are saturated camyl electrode, indicator electrode, pH meter with a milliwurt scale, mac big sterile and magnetic gauge. Analyte is ferrous sulphate solution and little amount of sulphuric acid because ferrous sulphate acts as a reducing agent only in presence of sulphuric acid medium or as a medium. Tetrate is potassium dichromate. When the tetration is commenced, both effie plus 2 and effie plus 3 ions are present in the solution. Developing an electrode potential which is pick up by platinum wire, this platinum electrode behaves as an electrode which is represented as shown in the figure. You apply the next equation to this, it comes out to be like this. E is equal to E naught plus 0.0591 divided by N, log of concentration of effie plus 3 divided by concentration of effie plus 2. It is combined with a reference electrode and MF of the cell is also measured. During the tetration effie plus 3 concentration goes on increasing whereas effie plus 2 concentration goes on decreasing as K2C2 goes to the solution is added continuously. Gradually change the potential also occurs. Near the endpoint there is abrupt change in the value. This is mainly due to change of electrode shutoff from Ilearn to chromium which is represented as shown in the figure. And the last equation for this is equal to E naught plus 0.0591 divided by N, log of concentration of chromium 6, concentration of chromium plus 3. So this is rough values during the production of the tetrations. Agress K2C2 goes to 7 days. As you can see, beginning there is a gradual increase at the equivalent point there is abrupt increase. It is mainly due to change of electrode shutoff from Ilearn to chromium it is. When the MF value is plotted against a volume of tetrions, curve of the type as shown in the figure is obtained. The midway along the steep part of the curve represents the endpoint as there could be an error in deciding which point is midway. An analytic method of editing equivalence point is more occurred. That is where first derivative value that is delta E divided by delta V versus volume of tetrion is added. When first derivative is plotted, the maximum point corresponds to end point is obtained. By using law of volumetry, we can calculate the amount of iron presented in a given solution. Next we will calculate the normative for us homo-selfish by knowing the strength of production dichromatic. Finally, we will calculate the amount of iron presented in the given solution by using this solution. Normative multiply by gramical weight of iron it is. Advantages of punishment of tetrations. The end point obtained is more labeled than any other conventional method of tetrations. The derivative results can be obtained even if the solutions are colored or terrible. End points of neutralization, oxidation reduction, precipitation, complexation, even other reactions can be obtained from potential to tetrations. Exception color. The first question related to derivation of the Nash equation by using thermodynamical concepts. Are the same questions can be asked in different way. They may give the F u and F u plus 2 reactions for that derivative in the Nash equation. Summarize. We learned derivation of Nash equation and applications of potential to be treated.