omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Potato harvester. Potato harvesters are machines that harvest potatoes. They work by lifting the potatoes from the bed using a share. Soil and crop are transferred onto a series of webs where the loose soil is sieved out. The potatoes are moved towards the back of the harvester on to a separation unit and then (on human-operated machines) to a picking table where people pick out the stones, clods, and haulms (stems or stalks) by hand. The potatoes then go on to a side elevator and into a trailer or a potato box.

Types

Potato spinner

A potato spinner is connected to a tractor through the three-point linkage. Older machines were drawn by horse and were driven by a ground drive. It works by a flat piece of metal which runs horizontal to the ground lifting the potatoes up and a large wheel with spokes on it called a reel pushing the clay and potatoes out to the side.  The potatoes are then gathered by hand, placed into containers and transported from the field for further packaging.

The potato spinner is becoming obsolete because modern potato harvesting equipment eliminates  manual gathering of potatoes and leaves fewer potatoes in the soil.

Haulm topper

A haulm topper is an agricultural machine that cuts potato stems (haulms) before potatoes are harvested.  It is like a flail mower but has the profile of the potato drills.  Modern potato farmers often mount a haulm topper on the front of the tractor and have a trailed potato harvester towed behind the tractor. Toppers can also be rear-mounted.

External links

References 

Harvesters
Agricultural machinery
Harvester
CubeStormer II. CubeStormer II is a robot built primarily with Lego Mindstorms and a Samsung Galaxy S2 for solving a Rubik's Cube. The project was commissioned by ARM Holdings and designed and built by Mike Dobson and David Gilday.

CubeStormer II set a Guinness World Record of 5.270s for the fastest robot solving a Rubik's Cube on 11 November 2011 in the presence of the editor-in-chief of Guinness World Records in Wired.co.uk's offices in London.

The record has already been beaten by its successor, the CubeStormer III, which is controlled by a Samsung Galaxy S4, the new record is now 3.253 seconds.

References

External links 
 
 

Lego Mindstorms
Sports robots
Entertainment robots
2011 robots
Robots of the United Kingdom
Rubik's Cube
Iveco ACTL. Iveco ACTL is a military transport vehicle produced by IVECO for the Italian Army. It was developed to integrate and replace the previous  Iveco ACM 80/90 truck.

The vehicle was introduced in 2002 in the 4x4 version and in 2000 in the 8x8 version, used for the transport of containers. The 4x4 version can be airlifted.

External links
Description page at the Italian Armed Forces inventory 

ACTL
Military trucks of Italy
Military vehicles introduced in the 2000s
IBM COBOL. IBM has offered the computer programming language COBOL on many platforms, starting with the IBM 1400 series and IBM 7000 series, continuing into the industry-dominant IBM System/360 and IBM System/370 mainframe systems, and then through IBM Power Systems (AIX), IBM Z (z/OS and z/VSE), and x86 (Linux).

At the height of COBOL usage in the 1960s through 1980s, the IBM COBOL product was the most important of any industry COBOL compilers. In his popular textbook A Simplified Guide to Structured COBOL Programming, Daniel D. McCracken tries to make the treatment general for any machine and compiler, but when he gives details for a particular one, they are to the IBM COBOL compiler and for a System/370. Similarly, another popular textbook of the time, Stern and Stern's Structured COBOL Programming, tries to present an implementation-independent explanation of the language, but the appendix giving the full syntax of the language is explicitly for IBM COBOL, with its extensions to the language highlighted.

Use of IBM COBOL was so widespread that Capex Corporation, an independent software vendor, made a post-code generation phase object code optimizer for it. The Capex Optimizer became a quite successful product.

Although the IBM COBOL Compiler Family web site only mentions AIX, Linux, and z/OS, IBM still offers COBOL on z/VM and z/VSE.

Products 
The current IBM COBOL compiler family consists of the following products:
 Enterprise COBOL for z/OS
 COBOL for AIX
 COBOL for Linux on x86
 Automatic Binary Optimizer for z/OS (ABO)
 COBOL for OS/390 & VM
 COBOL for VSE/ESA
 Development Studio for i

IBM COBOL compiler name, version, release, product numbers, GA and EOS dates 

Check the lifecycle details (lifecycle dates, announcement letters, and other information) for Enterprise COBOL for z/OS products.

References

External links 
IBM Enterprise COBOL for z/OS related links:
 COBOL for z/OS Community
 COBOL for z/OS Documentation Library
 COBOL for z/OS Migration Portal

IBM COBOL for AIX related links:
 COBOL for AIX Community
 COBOL for AIX Documentation Library

IBM COBOL for Linux on x86 related links:
 IBM COBOL for Linux on x86

IBM COBOL Compilers Support: 
 IBM Support Portal

COBOL
Compilers
COBOL
COBOL
Ador Group. The Ador Group is an Indian multinational conglomerate headquartered in Mumbai. Formerly known as JB Advani Group, it is one of the oldest and largest companies in the Indian industrial sector. They are a diversified group with core operations in engineering products and services. The group consists of five companies with interests in core industrial and manufacturing sectors, cosmetic products and green energy initiatives. Ador Group's flagship company is Ador Welding (earlier known as Advani Oerlikon Ltd). Two other listed entities Ador Fontech and Ador Multiproducts are into metal reclamation/surfacing solutions and personal care products, respectively. The unlisted entity Ador Powertron is an industrial electronics company based in Pune.

Subsidiaries

Ador Welding 

The Ador Group's primary subsidiary, Ador Welding, is an Indian manufacturer of welding and cutting equipment and consumables as well as related services. The company began in 1951 as Advani–Oerlikon Ltd., a joint venture with Swiss welding industry brand Oerlikon Ltd. It operates domestically and internationally in the Middle East, Africa, and South-East Asia.

Ador Powertron 
Ador Powertron is an Indian industrial electronics company based in Pune and part of the Ador Group. It was started in 1977 as the Industrial Electronics and Power Control division (IEPC) of Advani Oerlikon Ltd. (now known as Ador Welding). It was established as an independent company in January 1995 and commenced business operations in April 1995.

The company manufactures, designs and commissions engineering products. Its customers come from sectors including the thermal power, iron and steel, cement, battery manufacturing, chemical and fertilizer, atomic energy, railway, telecom, and automobile industries.

Partnership
Ador Group is partnered with Godrej Properties to develop a luxury housing project spread over almost seven acres in Mumbai.

References

Companies based in Mumbai
Conglomerate companies established in 1908
Indian companies established in 1908
Stannoidite. Stannoidite is a sulfide mineral composed of five chemical elements: copper, iron, zinc, tin and sulfur. Its name originates from Latin stannum (tin) and Greek eides (or Latin oïda meaning "like"). The mineral is found in hydrothermal Cu-Sn deposits.

Stannoidite was first described in 1969 for an occurrence in the Konjo mine, Okayama prefecture, Honshu Island, Japan.

See also
 Stannite
 Kesterite

References

Sulfide minerals
Orthorhombic minerals
Minerals in space group 23
Kesterite. Kësterite is a sulfide mineral with a chemical formula of . In its lattice structure, zinc and iron atoms share the same lattice sites. Kesterite is the Zn-rich variety whereas the Zn-poor form is called ferrokesterite or stannite. Owing to their similarity, kesterite is sometimes called isostannite. The synthetic form of kesterite is abbreviated as CZTS (from copper zinc tin sulfide). The name kesterite is sometimes extended to include this synthetic material and also CZTSe, which contains selenium instead of sulfur.

Occurrence
Kesterite was first described in 1958 in regard to an occurrence in the Kester deposit (and the associated locality) in Ynnakh Mountain, Yana basin, Yakutia, Russia, where it was discovered.

It is usually found in quartz-sulfide hydrothermal veins associated with tin ore deposits. Associated minerals include arsenopyrite, stannoidite, chalcopyrite, chalcocite, sphalerite and tennantite.

Stannite and kesterite occur together in the Ivigtut cryolite deposit of South Greenland. Solid solutions form between Cu2FeSnS4 and Cu2ZnSnS4 at temperatures above 680 °C. This accounts for the exsolved kesterite in stannite found in the cryolite.

Use
Kesterite like substances are being researched as a solar photovoltaic material.

References

Copper minerals
Iron(II) minerals
Tin minerals
Sulfide minerals
Tetragonal minerals
Minerals in space group 82
Franklin Balmar. Franklin Balmar Corporation was a fabrication company in Woodberry, Baltimore, Maryland. It was a subcontractor for the Manhattan Project.

History
It was incorporated in 1917 as the Franklin Railway Supply Company. In 1954 they moved their N. A. Strand Division from Chicago to Baltimore. They diversified into the aerospace sector making the aluminum skin for airplanes.

In 1967, Aero-Chatillon Corporation purchased a controlling stake of the company. In 1969, with Franklin-Balmar remaining a division, Aero-Chatillon became Macrodyne-Chatillon Corporation through a merger with Macrodyne, Inc. and Shinn Industries, Inc., which became Macrodyne Industries in 1974.

References

Defunct companies based in Baltimore
1917 establishments in Maryland
Woodberry, Baltimore
Joseph Ledwinka. Joseph Ledwinka (December 14, 1870 – November 26, 1949) was an automobile engineer.

Early life
Joseph V. Ledwinka, a distant relative of Hans Ledwinka, was born in Vienna, and emigrated to the United States in 1896.

Career
Ledwinka was employed in his first job as carriage trimmer (upholsterer) at the Chicago Coach and Carriage Company where he developed his first patented design for a four-wheel-drive electric vehicle with four-wheel brakes, several of which were built by Westinghouse. Later he became a chief engineer for the Chattanooga Railroad of Tennessee, where he designed special drives for electric trolley cars. Coming to Philadelphia in 1910, he started working with Edward G. Budd for the Hale & Kilburn company where they pioneered the pressed-steel car body paneling manufacturing process starting in 1909. In 1912, they established their own factory, the Edward G. Budd Manufacturing Company, in Philadelphia where they formed automobile panels by drop pressing and power hammering later followed by drawing and stretching of panels. He worked as the chief engineer. They supplied body parts to Dodge. In 1923, André Citroën took up the Budd license for his all-steel B12 model. In 1929, Ledwinka designed the front-wheel drive Ruxton car. In the 1930s Ledwinka was involved in the design of Chrysler Airflow body and worked with Ferdinand Porsche on the early VW prototypes. He retired from Edward G. Budd Manufacturing Co. in 1942 and remained as a consulting engineer until his death. Ledwinka was an author of over 300 technical patents relating to automobile design.

Personal life
Ledwinka's first wife died in the summer of 1905. He married Laura B. Leidy in 1906. He had four stepsons. He was a member of the Society of Automotive Engineers and the Franklin Institute.

Death
Ledwinka died on November 26, 1949, at Presbyterian Hospital in Philadelphia.

See also 
 Hans Ledwinka
 Edward G. Budd

References 

 Margolius, Ivan and Henry, John G. (1990). Tatra - The Legacy of Hans Ledwinka. Harrow: SAF Publishing. , pp. 122–123
 Margolius, Ivan and Henry, John G. (2015). Tatra - The Legacy of Hans Ledwinka. Dorchester: Veloce Publishing. , pp. 147–148
 http://www.coachbuilt.com/des/l/ledwinka/ledwinka.htm

External links
 Mike Karwowski collection of Budd Company photographs  (1916, 1919) at Hagley Museum and Library. One photograph is of the drafting room showing several unidentified men working with Joseph Ledwinka.

1870 births
1949 deaths
American automotive pioneers
Engineers from Vienna
Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to the United States
James Hay Stevens. James Hay Stevens  (10 November 1913 – 1973) was an aviation journalist, editor of Aircraft Engineering (1945-1957) magazine, illustrator and pilot. He created the Skybirds range of 1:72 scale model aircraft kits produced by A. J. Holladay & Co., the same scale later being adopted by Airfix. Between 1938-1939 he contributed articles and illustrations to Air Stories magazine, and between 1959–1967, he contributed articles to the newspaper The Times.

In 1933 he attended the College of Aeronautical Engineering in Chelsea, earning a first-class diploma for practice and theory.

He lived in Borehamwood.

References

Bibliography
James Hay Stevens, The shape of the aeroplane, Publ. Hutchinson 1953, 302 pages
James Hay Stevens, Maurice F. Allward, How and why of aircraft and their engines, Publisher Putnam, 1952, 124 pages
James Hay Stevens, Aircraft recognition test and cut-away drawings of Spitfire, Hurricane and Lysandeer, Publ. Air Training Corps Gazette, 1941
James Hay Stevens, Scale model aircraft, Publisher J. Hamilton ltd., 1933, 88 pages

1913 births
1973 deaths
Aviation journalists
British aviators
British illustrators
Fellows of the Royal Aeronautical Society
English aerospace engineers
People from Borehamwood
Windward Performance Perlan II. The Windward Performance Perlan 2 () is an American mid-wing, two-seats-in-tandem, pressurized, experimental research glider that was designed by Greg Cole and built by Windward Performance for the Perlan Project.

The aircraft first flew on 23 September 2015 at Redmond Municipal Airport, Oregon.

Design and development
The Perlan 2 is a follow-up design to the successful Perlan 1. Its design goal is to reach and exceed  in altitude. The project's goals include science, engineering and education. The aircraft will be used to study the northern polar vortex and its influence on global weather patterns. It has already surpassed the sub-sonic altitude record set in 1989 by a Lockheed U-2. The program also hopes to beat the 85,069 ft altitude record set in 1975 by a Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird.

The aircraft is made from composites. Its  span wing has a high aspect ratio of 27.1 and is equipped with airbrakes. The pressurization system produces an 8.5 psi differential, and the two-person crew will not wear pressure suits. The landing gear is a fixed monowheel gear. Because the aircraft will operate at extreme altitudes, in only 3% of sea level atmospheric pressure, it will also be flying at true airspeeds in excess of 0.5 Mach. The aircraft was designed to minimize flutter and manage shock wave formation.

The original funding for the Perlan Project was provided by Steve Fossett and he flew the Perlan 1, along with test pilot Einar Enevoldson to a glider altitude record of  in the mountain waves of El Calafate, Argentina on 30 August 2006. Fossett was killed in a light aircraft crash a year later and the project floundered without funding. Since then more than US$2.8M has been raised to build the Perlan 2, including a donation in 2010 from Dennis Tito. In November 2013, a crowd-funding effort was undertaken. In August 2014 Airbus became a partner in the project and the title sponsor.

The Perlan 2 first flew in 2015 and started with flights in the U.S. Sierra Nevada mountain wave. The record setting and research flights started in southern Argentina in 2016, by Einar Envoldson or Perrenod using rebreather oxygen systems. The aircraft was displayed at AirVenture in July 2015.

World records 
On 3 September 2017 Perlan 2, flown by Jim Payne and Morgan Sandercock, reached an altitude of , establishing a new world record for gliders over the Andes Mountain range in Argentina. 

On 2 September 2018, Jim Payne and Tim Gardner reached an altitude of , surpassing the  attained by Jerry Hoyt on April 17, 1989, in a Lockheed U-2: the highest subsonic flight.

Complete list of records

Specifications (Perlan 2)

See also

References

External links

2010s United States experimental aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 2015
2010s United States sailplanes
Strengite. Strengite is a relatively rare iron phosphate mineral with the formula: FePO4·2H2O. The mineral is named after the German mineralogist  (1830–1897). Lavender, pink or purple in hue, it is similar to variscite and is partially soluble, particularly in conditions where there is a low pH and low oxidation-reduction potential.  The color comes from ferric ion (Fe3+).

References

Phosphate minerals
Orthorhombic minerals
Minerals in space group 61
École des ingénieurs de la Ville de Paris. The École des ingénieurs de la ville de Paris (Engineering School of the City of Paris) is the only French grande école
with an emphasis on urban engineering.

The top-level graduate school, which is already actively involved in networks bringing together distinguished schools of higher education, has taken another step by partnering with École des Ponts ParisTech.

Established in 1959 to educate the junior civil servants for the City of Paris,  EIVP nowadays also educates young professionals for the private sector. They have to deal with the educational disciplines linked to cities: building, urbanism, transportation and  environment.
Foreign students are welcomed to train for a one or two year curriculum (via ERASMUS or n+i), or for internships.

The students are recruited through a competitive exam after 2 to 3 years of higher education (equivalent of college), usually in preparatory classes to enter elite schools ("classes préparatoires"). Laureates acquire a status of trainee civil servant, and receive a salary while they are students at the school.

EIVP students are selected through an exacting, highly competitive process and are particularly well trained: 100 students join the school every year.

A new campus  opened during fall 2012 at 80 rue Rebeval, in the 19th arrondissement of Paris, in the former building of the Ecole d'Architecture Paris-Belleville, which was also a former factory of Meccano model construction system.

EIVP students  participate each year in ATHENS Programme.

Alumni

Édouard Fritch
Jacques Monthioux, director of The Paris Heritage and Architecture Services
Ghislaine Geffroy, director of the Paris Roads and travel Services
Christophe Dalstein, director of Europa City
Céline Lepault, chief engineer for the Velib'
Sylvain Marty, chief engineer for the Autolib'

References

External links
 Official Website

Engineering universities and colleges in France
Grandes écoles
Universities and colleges in Paris
Gustave Eiffel University
Educational institutions established in 1959
1959 establishments in France
Alan Mycroft. Alan Mycroft is a professor at the Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge and a Fellow of Robinson College, Cambridge, where he is also director of studies for computer science.

Education 
Mycroft read mathematics at Cambridge then moved to Edinburgh where he completed his Doctor of Philosophy degree with a thesis on Abstract interpretation and optimising transformations for applicative programs supervised by Rod Burstall and Robin Milner.

Research 
Mycroft's research interests are in programming languages, software engineering and algorithms.

With Arthur Norman, he co-created the Norcroft C compiler. He is also a named trustee of the Raspberry Pi Foundation, a charitable organisation whose single-board computer is intended to stimulate the teaching of basic computer science in schools.

Personal life 
Mycroft has four children.

References 

Living people
British computer scientists
Fellows of Robinson College, Cambridge
Alumni of the University of Edinburgh
Year of birth missing (living people)
Fellows of St John's College, Cambridge
Bethlehem Steel Lehigh Plant Mill No. 2 Annex. Bethlehem Steel Lehigh Plant Mill #2 Annex, also known as Merchant Mill No. 2 and the Johnson Machinery Building, is part of the historic steel mill located in Bethlehem in Northampton County and the Lehigh Valley region of eastern Pennsylvania. It is a large, square, two-story brick industrial building.

History
The Mill #2 Annex was built between 1940 and 1942, by the Bethlehem Steel Corporation.    

It was originally designed and built as a surface preparation and finishing mill for the Alloy and Tool Steel Division at Bethlehem Steel's Lehigh Plant in Bethlehem.  

The  Mill No. 2 Annex was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

The building has since been renovated and currently contains condominiums, two commercial properties, and a parking garage.

See also

References

Bethlehem Steel
Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
Buildings and structures in Northampton County, Pennsylvania
Ironworks and steel mills in Pennsylvania
Industrial buildings completed in 1942
Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
National Register of Historic Places in Northampton County, Pennsylvania
1942 establishments in Pennsylvania
History of Northampton County, Pennsylvania
L. Wagner Type Foundry. The Ludwig Wagner Type Foundry was established in 1902 in Leipzig after the veteran punch cutter Ludwig Wagner took over the small foundry Gundelach & Ebersbach in 1901. The beginning of his modern type production and the extension of his business happened before 1914. The large manufacturing facilities in East Leipzig suffered extensive bomb damage during World War II. In 1949, the company was given new facilities in the Southwestern part of Leipzig. Ludwig Wagner AG was incorporated into Typoart by the East German government in 1960 and Wagner himself moved to the German Federal Republic.

Typefaces
These foundry types were produced by the Wagner Type Foundryr:

 Acropolis (1940)
 Electra, (Carlos Winkow), digitized by Font Bureau as Romeo
 Fleischmann (1927, Georg Belwe), based on the eighteenth century designs of Joan Michaël Fleischman
 Florenz, (1960, Paul Zimmermann)
 Gong, (1945, Carlos Winkow)
 Industrie Antiqua, also sold by Linotype (Frankfurt).
 Reporter, (1938, Carlos Winkow), reissued as Cursiva Rusinol by Naçional

References

Letterpress font foundries of Germany
Manufacturing companies based in Leipzig
SLKB Komarno. SLKB Komarno is a Slovak shipbuilding company founded at the end of the 19th century. A modern shipyard was built in the town by the Hugo Wellisch company, and ship repairs started in November 1898. SLKB Shipyard is the only Slovak shipyard specialising in constructing multi-purpose rivers and seagoing cargo vessels of up to 8,000 TDW.

External links
 Slovak shipyard

Shipbuilding companies
Shipyards of Europe
Manufacturing companies of Czechoslovakia
Manufacturing companies of Slovakia
Thomas Alan Johnston. Thomas Alan Johnston (August 1944 – 10 July 2024) was a Scottish engineer.

Life and career 
Johnston was the chief executive of Glasgow-based Babtie Group Ltd. Since the company's acquisition by Jacobs Engineering Group, Inc in 2004, he has continued to work for Jacobs Babtie Group Ltd. In 1995 Johnston was elected Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering. Johnston died on 10 July 2024, at the age of 79.

References

Sources 
Thomas Alan Johnston in Royal Academy of Engineering's Media Database of Fellows

1944 births
2024 deaths
Scottish civil engineers
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering