omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
McLane Advanced Technologies. McLane Advanced Technologies, LLC (MAT) is a technology company in the government, defence, and commercial industries. The company is based in Washington, D.C., and has offices in Austin and the D.C. area.

History
McLane Advanced Technologies was established in 2004 by Drayton McLane, Jr. after discovering the Army's need for an updated logistics software system. MAT was awarded a contract to provide logistics information technology to the United States Army. The program, known as the Standard Army Maintenance System - Enhanced, involved the development, testing, and fielding of the logistics and maintenance system to the entire United States Army. MAT was awarded the contract for the sustainment work of the SAMS-E program in 2011.

Awards
The company was named the Number One Rising Star Company in Deloitte & Touche's Technology Fast 50 Program for Texas in 2007. The Rising Star award is a special designation that recognizes the two fastest-growing technology, media, telecommunications and life sciences companies based on revenue growth over three years and is part of the Deloitte Texas Technology Fast 50 program, which ranks the 50 fastest growing technology, media, telecommunications, and life sciences companies headquartered in Texas. Additionally, MAT was #13 on the Deloitte & Touche's Fast 500. MAT was also named to the 2009 Deloitte Technology Fast 500, as well as the Inc. 500 list of fastest-growing private companies.

McLane Advanced Technologies was named to the 2010 Inc. 5000 list and the 2010 Texas A&M University Aggie 100 list.

McLane Advanced Technologies received the Temple Chamber of Commerce Employer of the Year, presented by the Military Affairs Committee, honoring employers who demonstrate active employee recruitment of military veterans, National Guardsmen, and Reservists, 2005.

References

Technology companies established in 2004
Temple, Texas
Defense companies of the United States
Military logistics
Software companies based in Texas
Software companies of the United States
Sytek. Sytek, Inc., known as Hughes LAN Systems, Inc. (HLS), after being acquired by Hughes Electronics and known as Whittaker Communications, Inc. (WCI), since April 24, 1995, created the NetBIOS API, used by Microsoft to make its early networks.

Sytek was founded in Silicon Valley and last officed in their own building on Charleston Road in Mountain View. During this crucial period in LAN development, there were two factions within IBM competing over the basic LAN architecture. One group, the telco switch folks from Geneva liked a central hub, with a network of distributed twisted pair conductors, as is used in phone systems. The other group, Entry Systems Division from Boca Raton, liked the idea of a distributed bus architecture.

Building on prior work done by such companies as Intech Labs (aka American Modem & AMDAX), Sytek built an RF transceiver that operated on cable TV frequencies. It received in the High VHF band and transmitted in the Low VHF band. These bands were referred to as the forward and reverse channels. Within any given frequency band, it was possible to have many, many, virtual circuits between devices. In order to increase the advantage of using FDM on the cable, Sytek added an algorithm based on CSMA/CD. There were few, if any, IEEE standards at that time.
All of the devices, called T-Boxes, were equipped with an EIA RS-232 serial interface, which had a 'legal' maximum data rate of 19.2 kbit/s. While this may seem slow by today's standards, it was considered very fast in 1982. Determining a need for PC-PC and (especially) PC-mainframe communications, IBM asked Sytek to manufacture LAN adapter cards based on their FDM/TDM technology for IBM PCs, which they did.

IBM saw the value of PCs as being a catalyst to sell more mainframe computers and understood that a LAN of the type Sytek made was superior to dedicated runs of RG-62 coaxial cable, which were required for 327X terminals and controllers. These IBM PC Network cards were available, from IBM for about $700 ea.

In the mid-80s, IBM moved its focus to Token Ring, and much of the rest of the market moved to Ethernet.

See also
 3Com
 Ungermann-Bass

References

External links 
 Setting Up OS/2 Peer-to-Peer Networking & Coexistence of Warp & NT Machines on the MITNet
 Sytek brochures at bitsavers.org

1979 establishments in California
1995 mergers and acquisitions
1996 disestablishments in California
1996 mergers and acquisitions
American companies established in 1979
American companies disestablished in 1996
Computer companies established in 1979
Computer companies disestablished in 1996
Defunct computer companies of the United States
Defunct computer hardware companies
Defunct software companies of the United States
Software companies established in 1979
Software companies disestablished in 1996
Tony Spear. Anthony Spear was an American space exploration project manager most notable for leading the Mars Pathfinder mission for JPL/NASA in 1996. He retired from JPL in 1998. He competed for the Google Lunar X Prize with Red Whittaker, Astrobotic, and Carnegie Mellon University, where he received a B.S. degree in electrical engineering in 1962.

Career
After graduating from high school, Spear spent four years in the US Air Force attending radio school and working in radio repair on jet fighters. He then went on to get his B.S. from Carnegie Mellon, and then an M.S. degree from the University of Southern California.

Spear worked at JPL in Pasadena, California while taking classes toward his master's degree. He also did graduate work in the Engineering Executive Program at the UCLA and earned a master's of engineering.

Spear held many different jobs since beginning his career at JPL in 1962. He first started out in Deep Space Telecommunication System Engineering where he was involved in the design and development of NASA's Mariner program missions from 1964 to 1973. He also helped design the lander-orbiter relay communications link for the Viking program mission in 1976.

From 1975 to 1979, he began to manage the development and implementation of the microwave instruments for the NASA SEASAT mission, including the first synthetic aperture imaging radar to fly in space. For the next 11 years, Spear worked in various capacities for the Magellan probe mission.

After leading JPL's initial studies of NASA's "faster, better, cheaper" fixed-priced, low-cost, quick-reaction Discovery program missions, Tony Spear began working as the project manager for the Mars Pathfinder mission. He managed the successful landing of the Pathfinder shuttle and the Sojourner rover.

Said Daniel S. Goldin of Spear, "Tony Spear was a legendary project manager at JPL and helped make Mars Pathfinder the riveting success that it was."

Minor planet 6487 Tonyspear is named after him. He died on June 4 2024 at 87

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American aerospace engineers
NASA people
Carnegie Mellon University alumni
University of Southern California alumni
United States Air Force airmen
Mars Pathfinder
Wax melter. Wax melters are devices used in the packaging and candle-making industries to melt wax.

The type of tank used to melt candle wax is quite different from adhesives, solder, and tar.  For example, tanks used for adhesives may need to be heated up to   whilst an organic soy wax will be ruined at over  and should never be heated above . A delicate soy wax used to make candles would be destroyed and burned if not heated in an even manner at lower temperatures than solder or tar. Also, since soaps and candles are scented and coloured, tanks designed for melting these substances need to be specially polished to ensure there is no contamination between different scented/coloured candles or soap. For this reason, there are melting tanks that are specially coated for candle wax melting.

Types
Wax melters, such as melting tanks, are generally classified as either 'direct heating' or 'water jacket heating'. A third type is known as the convection melter.

A water jacket melter is generally preferred if more than 40 litres or so are to be poured.
A melter should be polished and have a coating to prevent cross contamination if heavily scented or coloured substances are to be used.

Direct heat
Direct heat melters are generally made from aluminium and can heat up to over . The uses vary from wax to solder. These melters have the heating element placed in contact with the aluminium, which is directly against the substance to be melted, hence the name 'direct melter'. Since these melters apply heat directly, they generally cannot be larger than 20-40 litres.

Water jacket
Water Jacket Melters function more like a large, commercial double boiler in that they keep substances evenly heated but generally heat up to only , since that is the boiling point of water. They can be made of aluminium, but are generally made of stainless steel. Unlike direct heat melters, water jacket melters can be almost unlimited in size, with 580 litres being common and up to the larger ~3800 litre melters and more.

Convection
There is another type of melter which uses convection heating similar to an oven but these are generally more expensive than normal heaters, even though they are very inefficient and take a long time to heat simply because they rely on air to heat. Since wax is flammable, another concern with using convection melters is that the flash point of wax will be triggered and there will be an explosion. Convection melters are dangerous when heating flammable substances and should not be used.

See also
 Crucible

References

Candles
Howard Barlow. Howard C. Barlow (1918–2003) was an American cryptographer, telecommunications expert, and high-ranking civilian employee of the National Security Agency (NSA) of the United States.

Barlow, a graduate of Carnegie Institute of Technology with a B.S. in Electrical Engineering, served in the European Theatre of World War II. One of his major assignments was the Communications Planning Officer for the invasion of Normandy in 1944. While he was overseas, he designed various types of specialized communications equipment.

After the war, Barlow stayed in the cryptologic profession and joined, as a civilian, the Armed Forces Security Agency, which later became the NSA. He worked in the research and development division as one its first communications security (COMSEC) engineers. By 1954, he had risen to the level of division chief.

From 1955-1956, Barlow attended the Harvard University Middle Management Program, graduating with a master's degree in business administration.

Returning to NSA, he took a tour in operations before being named the deputy director for research and development in 1958. He held this position until 1962, when he was made assistant director for COMSEC (ADC), a position that he held until 1973. His insights and management skills created a world-class analytic and engineering organization that was able to meet the communications needs of the Vietnam War and the Cold War. His political skills enabled NSA to forge significant COMSEC relationships with U.S. Allies and become the leader for COMSEC in NATO.

Over a long and illustrious career, Howard Barlow received many awards, including the NSA Exceptional Civilian Service Award in 1967 and, in 1973, the Department of Defense Distinguished Civilian Service Award, the highest award granted to a civilian by the DoD.

Barlow died in 2003.

References
  N.B. This article is based on text that is in the public domain as a work of the United States Government.

1918 births
2003 deaths
Carnegie Mellon University College of Engineering alumni
Harvard Business School alumni
National Security Agency cryptographers
American military personnel of World War II
Samuel Collins (physicist). Samuel Cornette Collins (September 28, 1898 in Kentucky – June 19, 1984 in Washington, DC.) was an American chemist, physicist, and engineer. 

Collins graduated from Sumner County High School in 1916. He obtained his PhD in chemistry from the University of North Carolina in 1927. He taught at Carson-Newman College, the University of Tennessee, Tennessee State Teachers College, and the University of North Carolina, and joined the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as a research associate in the chemistry department in 1930.  After World War II, he returned to MIT, joining the department of mechanical engineering. He was appointed professor in 1949 and retired in 1964. He was named professor emeritus, serving in this post until 1983.

Collins developed the first mass-produced helium liquefier, Collins Helium Cryostat, acquiring the title "Father of Practical Helium Liquefiers." Collin's refrigerators, powered by a two-piston expansion engine, provided the first reliable supplies of liquid helium in quantities of several hundred to several thousand liters. 

Among other uses, these refrigerators were used to liquefy and transport helium and deuterium for the first hydrogen bomb explosion, Ivy Mike in 1952.

He was awarded the John Price Wetherill Medal in 1951 and the Rumford Prize in 1965.

References

External links
 
 
 
 
 

1898 births
1984 deaths
20th-century American physicists
ASME Medal recipients
20th-century American engineers
Rudra Pratap. Rudra Pratap is an Indian academician and the vice-chancellor of Plaksha University, Mohali. Previously, he was a professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore. Among other research interests, he works in the field of Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and used to head India's first research lab in the field of Microelectromechanical systems, the CranesSci MEMS Lab at Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. His book on MATLAB Getting Started with MATLAB 7 is popular among the students of engineering. He is also the Chair for the Centre of Nanoscience and Engineering (CeNSE).

Pratap is an Associate Editor of Shock and Vibration Journal which publishes articles on various aspects of  shocks and vibration including vibration measurements, vibration condition monitoring, shock hardening, fluid-structure interaction, impact biodynamics, vehicle dynamics, and gun dynamics.

Education and work
Pratap obtained his B.Tech from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur in the year 1985. He then obtained his MS from University of Arizona, Tucson in the year 1987 followed by PhD from Cornell University, Ithaca in the year 1993. He joined Indian Institute of Science in the year 1996.

Books authored
 Getting Started with MATLAB 7: A Quick Introduction for Scientists and Engineers, Oxford University Press, 2005.
 Introduction to Statics and Dynamics, with Andy Ruina, Oxford University Press, 2002.

References

External links
 China may beat US in science, technology
 Nanotechnology: India lagging far behind other nations, says expert
 Lack of information flow a major hurdle for nanotechnology

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Academic staff of the Indian Institute of Science
Indian mechanical engineers
Ardleigh Reservoir. Ardleigh Reservoir is a  lake near Colchester in Essex, England constructed in the valley of the Salary Brook. It supplies water both to Anglian Water and to Affinity Water. The lake is also used for recreational activities including sailing and angling.

History 
The South Essex Waterworks Company, the Southend Waterworks Company and several other water undertakings in Essex sought powers in 1969 to increase the security of the supply of drinking water. A draft Water Order was made and a public inquiry was held in December 1969.

The Essex River and South Essex Water Act 1969 received Royal Assent on 25 July 1969. Under the terms of the Act the Essex River Authority constructed the Cattawade Barrage Works to prevent salt water entering the lower reaches of the River Stour. The South Essex Waterworks Company built a water intake upstream of the barrage, a pumping station at Brantham, and a pipeline to the new Ardleigh reservoir.

The South Essex Waterworks Company and the Southend Waterworks Company merged to form the Essex Water Company in 1970.

Operation 
The reservoir is operated by the Ardleigh Reservoir Committee which is owned jointly by Affinity Water (formerly Veolia Water East) and Anglian Water.

The reservoir receives large volumes of water from the East Mills intake (51°53'28.8"N 0°54'54.8"E) on the River Colne and the Northern and Western Salary Brooks in the direct reservoir catchment of about 12 km2. The River Colne's catchment area is approximately 256 km2.

The associated Ardleigh water treatment works (51°54'59.3"N 0°57'43.3"E), treats and supplies 14 million litres per day of drinking water to 133,000 customers. The treatment plant has included Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF), Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) filters, ozone dosing, Rapid Gravity Filters (RGF) and Actiflo technology. The peak output of Ardleigh treatment works is 36 million litres per day (2018).

In 2011 SRC Aggregates planned to remove 4 million tonnes of gravel from a site adjacent to the Ardleigh reservoir to eventually create a new reservoir of  capacity. Gravel extraction was thought to take 15 years.

Recreation 
Both game and coarse fish are present including pike and zander.

Ardleigh Reservoir is also home to the University of Essex Rowing Club.

References 

Reservoirs in Essex
Drinking water reservoirs in England
Corporação Industrial do Norte. CIN - Corporação Industrial do Norte S.A. is a Portuguese company that is the Iberian market leader for paint & coating products. The company was established in 1926 and is headquartered in Maia, Norte Region.

In 1990 CIN became a member of the Coatings Research Group Inc. (CRGI) in Cleveland, Ohio, USA, a group that tests innovative prime materials, products and technology in the paint industry for the construction segment.

Companies
The main companies in the CIN Group are:

Nitin
Lacose-Sotinco
Tintas Cin Açores
Tintas Cin Madeira
Barnices Valentine
Tintas Cin de Angola
Pinturas Cin Canarias
Boero Bartolomeo Spa
Tintas Cin de Moçambique

References

External links
Official Website
House Painting

Maia, Portugal
Paint and coatings companies of Portugal
Usiminas. Usiminas is one of the largest producers of steel in the Americas, with major steel mills in Brazil with a total capacity of 9.5 million metric tons of steel per year. The company accounts for 28% of total steel output in Brazil.

Usiminas has an installed capacity of producing 9.5 million tons of crude steel. The company also operates in the logistics sector through a stake in logistic company MRS Logística. The Usiminas industrial complex is the largest plain steel complex in Latin America and one of the top 20 in the whole world. The company was one of the largest shareholders in the Argentine company Ternium, accounting for 14.2% of total capital.

References

See also 

 Ipatinga massacre

Steel companies of Brazil
Multinational companies
Companies based in Minas Gerais
Defence companies of Brazil
Companies listed on B3 (stock exchange)
Companies listed on the Madrid Stock Exchange
Privatized companies of Brazil
Economy of Belo Horizonte
Ipatinga
ReplicaNet. 

Introduction 
Distributed computing and distributed object systems are designed to allow software modules or objects to work together where the objects can be located on different computers connected by a network. Interactive computer simulations and computer games can use object-oriented programming languages such as C++ to maintain a database of entities, player characters, monsters, tanks or just about anything that can exist in a simulated world.

How ReplicaNet works 
Using an object description language or by programmatically registering filter classes each machine knows how to create and update each C++ class object. Each object is then treated as a potential network shareable object on the machine that allocates it. This machine has control over the C++ classes and can change variables or call member functions as normal. Once the object is ready to be shared to other machines the object is published on to the ReplicaNet network session. The underlying ReplicaNet software detects changes in the object and automatically updates the replicated classes on the machines connected to the network session. Any changes made to the member variables of the C++ classes can be extrapolated by ReplicaNet using several pre-defined filters to reduce the amount of network traffic when transmitting changes in the object.

This approach of describing objects that can then be processed by other computers is similar to other systems such as CORBA, Java remote method invocation and Distributed Component Object Model.

In 2011 Game Developer magazine announced ReplicaNet 7.0 as one of the Networking finalists for the Front Line Awards which honors the best networking middleware in the video game industry.

Products using ReplicaNet include 
Marathon 2: Durandal  
Virtual Interactive Combat Environment
Urban Chaos: Riot Response 
Universal Combat 
Sector 13
Airburst Extreme XBLA

Book references to ReplicaNet 
Game Programming in C++ Start to Finish by Erik Yuzwa http://gameprogrammingstarttofinish.wazooinc.com/

Massively Multiplayer Game Development 2 - Page 220 - Charles River Media.

References 

Middleware
Freeware
VGACAD. VGACAD was the parent of a suite of shareware graphic utilities made for the MS-DOS operating system used in the IBM PC and clones.  It was popular for editing and capturing images using BSAVE (graphics image format) and provided an early graphic editing suite compatible with multiple graphic cards and resolutions, used on the IBM PC.

Usage 
Written by Lawrence Gozum in 1987, it was the genesis of multiple versions and improvements over 10 years. Ran with his brother, Marvin initially helped with design ideas, strategic focus, technical support calls, and managing the early shareware business.  The growth of the VGACAD suite grew quickly to preoccupy most of their time.  Lawrence then focused more of his efforts on software and formed Applied Insights, to manage VGACAD and its offspring, VidFun, and Ai Picture Explorer. At its peak, its users ranged from individuals, Federal government offices, museums and major newspapers.

Features 
VGACAD was a misnomer, and meant VGA-Computer Assisted Drawing, rather than computer-aided design, as CAD is commonly referred to today.  Its longevity was due to its color accuracy, speed, small size, and that its suite of small utilities often worked stand-alone.  One called VGACAP, for 'capture', dumped video memory into a file that could later be converted to popular graphic image formats, later made commonplace when Microsoft Windows programmed the print screen key to dump graphics into the clipboard.  However, VGACAP ran insulated apart from early versions of Windows, and thus could capture screens were applications prohibited such function.

References

 Format used by VGACAD

External links 
 VGACAD archive
 VGACAD entry into archives

Graphics software