omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Cierva CR Twin. The Cierva CR Twin (originally designated CR LTH.1 and also known as the Grasshopper III) was a five-seat utility helicopter that first flew in the UK in 1969. It was a joint development between Cierva Autogiro Company and Rotorcraft now a subsidiary of Cierva, based on the dynamic systems of the latter company's Grasshopper design. A new, highly streamlined pod-and-boom fuselage was married to the Grasshopper's coaxial rotor system, and the new aircraft registered G-AWRP first flew on 18 August 1969.

Two further prototypes followed, G-AXFM later in 1969 and G-AZAU in 1971, this latter example fitted with 210 hp Continental IO-360-D engines in place of the Rolls-Royce Continental O-300 units of the first two machines. Financial backing could not be obtained for further development, and the project was abandoned by 1975. The first prototype is preserved at The Helicopter Museum in Weston-super-Mare.

Variants
 CR Twin - prototypes (3 built)
 CR.420 - proposed production variant with 210 hp Continental TSIO-360-A engines (not built)
 CR.640 - proposed production variant with 320 hp Continental Tiara T6-320 engines (not built)

Specifications

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 
 
 

1960s British civil utility aircraft
1960s British helicopters
Cancelled aircraft projects
CR Twin
Coaxial rotor helicopters
Aircraft first flown in 1969
Twin-engined piston helicopters
Context MBA. Context MBA was the first integrated software application for personal computers, providing five functions in one program: spreadsheet, database, charting, word processing, and communication software. It was first released in 1981 by Context Management Systems for the Apple III computer, but was later ported to the Hewlett Packard 9000 / 200 series computers running Rocky Mountain BASIC and IBM PC platform as well.

Since the program was written in UCSD Pascal, it was easy to port to different platforms, but did so at the expense of performance, which was critical at the time of its release, given the limited amount of memory, processing power, and disk I/O available on a desktop computer.  It was soon overtaken by Lotus 1-2-3, a more limited integrated software package, but one written in assembly language, yielding much better performance.

Reception
PC Magazine stated in June 1983 that Context MBA "still runs too slowly for a person accustomed to the speed of a microcomputer". It found the spreadsheet the best application of the suite, describing the database as "amazingly slow" and the text editor as "clumsy and confusing". The review concluded that Context MBA "fails in two areas ... UCSD p-System simply does not produce good code", and a confusing, heavily modal user interface.

References 

DOS software
Spreadsheet software
History of software
Move Interactive. Move Interactive, Produções de Software S.A. (referred to as Move Interactive S.A.) was a Portuguese software and multimedia developer.

In their first year of operation the firm won the Madeira Innovation Prize for entrepreneurship  and began a relationship with Gesventure, the noted Portuguese venture capital firm, that continues today.

In 2005, the company secured founding from PME Investimentos and Banif New Capital, allowing them to increase the pace of development for their debut project, Ugo Volt, a videogame that is aimed at the international market, and if successful, it will be the first of that scale to be developed in Portugal.

On November 26, 2007, in partnership with SIC, Move Interactive released the Floribella video game,  based on the popular series Floribella.

Ugo Volt was also the first Portuguese game to be featured at E3 (2006).

References

External links
Move Interactive Official website
Developer page at CEIM (Centro de Empresas e Inovação da Madeira) 
Interview with the developers of Ugo Volt 
Ugo Volt, Official website
Floribella Videogame, Official website 

Software companies of Portugal
Video game companies of Portugal
Polyethylene glycol propylene glycol cocoates. Polyethylene glycol propylene glycol cocoates or PEG propylene glycol cocoates are chemical compounds produced by the esterification of polyoxyalkyl alcohols with fatty acids from coconut oil (primarily lauric acid). Their chemical designation is PEG-8, referring to its polyethylene glycol (PEG) molecular chain length.

Uses
PEG propylene glycol cocoates are used in cosmetics and toothpaste to form emulsions, which they do by reducing surface tension in the substances of which an emulsified form is required.

References

Cosmetics chemicals
London Electrobus Company. The London Electrobus Company, was a bus operator that ran a fleet of electric buses in London. The electrobus was the first practical battery-electric bus and a forerunner of the electric buses that are experiencing a major resurgence in the 21st century.

The company, which was first registered in April 1906, started running a service of electrobuses between London's Victoria Station and Liverpool Street on 15 July 1907. The clean and quiet electrobuses were popular with the travelling public. The company introduced a number of innovations and it was the first double-decker bus operator to experiment with a roof on the upper deck. At the peak of its success in late 1908 the company had 20 or so buses in operation  and it started to run a second bus route from Victoria to Kilburn.

However, the London Electrobus Company was beset by financial chicanery throughout its short existence. By 3 January 1910 the electrobus service had ceased and the company went into liquidation amid accusations of fraud. Eight of the electrobuses were sold to the Brighton, Hove and Preston United company. The rest of the London electrobuses were broken up for spares. The Brighton bus company was taken over by Thomas Tilling in 1916 and the last electrobus in Brighton ran in April 1917. Tilling said that a lack of spare parts had forced it to stop running electrobuses.

See also
Buses in London

References

External links
 Model of Electrobus LN 714 at Brighton Toy and Model Museum

Bus transport in London
Transit authorities with electric buses
Former London bus operators
MIOS. MIOS or Meter Inter Operability Solution is a specification for interoperability of electric meters for remote meter reading applications in India proposed by IEEMA in 2008. and is developed and maintained by Metering India which is a group of Meter Manufacturers.

See also 
Bureau of Indian Standards
Indian Electrical and Electronics Manufacturers Association(IEEMA)
IEC 62056 is a set of standards for Electricity metering data exchange by International Electrotechnical Commission.
DLMS

References

Electric power in India
Y class. Y class or class Y may refer to:

Rail transport
South Australian Railways Y class, a steam locomotive class built in South Australia
Victorian Railways Y class, an example of the new policy of standard design principles being adopted by the railways
GNoSR Classes X and Y, two similar classes of 0-4-2T steam locomotives
NCC Class Y, a class of 0-6-0T steam locomotive
NER Class Y, a 4-6-2T steam locomotive
SNCF Class Y 7100, a class of small diesel shunters
SNCF Class Y 7400, a class of small diesel shunters
SNCF Class Y 8000, a class of diesel shunter built between 1977 and 1990
SNCF Class Y 8400, a class of small diesel shunters
SNCF Class Y 9000, the new designation for modernized and re-engined Y7100 and Y7400 shunters
Tasmanian Government Railways Y class, a type of Bo-Bo diesel electric locomotive
Victorian Railways Y class (diesel), a small branch line and shunting unit
WAGR Y class, a diesel electric locomotive introduced in 1953
Y-class Melbourne tram
Y1-class Melbourne tram

Other uses
 Y-class lifeboat, a class of small inflatable boat operated by the RNLI of the United Kingdom and Ireland
 Spectral class Y, spectral classification of a substellar object
 Economy class (travel class code used by airlines: "Y")
 Class Y, a capacitor type

See also
 Y (disambiguation)
 Model Y (disambiguation)
AAM-1 (Japanese missile). The Mitsubishi AAM-1 was a Japanese infrared homing air-to-air missile developed from the AIM-9B Sidewinder missile.

Operational history
Starting in 1969, the AAM-1 was produced by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, with around 400 produced in total. It served as the standard armament for Japan Air Self-Defense Force F-104J while used on North American F-86F and Mitsubishi F-1. Being slightly shorter and lighter compared to the AIM-9E Sidewinder, the AAM-1 had inferior performances compared to the American missile which was entering service in Japan. The unit cost of an AIM-9B purchased through Foreign Military Sales was about 1 million yen, while that of AAM-1 was about 3.5 million yen in 1968 and about 4.19 million yen in 1969. Due to higher cost and inferior characteristics, the procurement of the AAM-1 was halted in 1972  with the last examples withdrawn for service in 1986.

Operators
  - Japan Air Self-Defense Force

See also

References

Air-to-air missiles of Japan
Military equipment introduced in the 1960s
Short range air-to-air missiles
List of power stations in Sweden. The following page lists all the power stations in Sweden. For traction power, see List of installations for 15 kV AC railway electrification in Sweden.

Nuclear

Fossil fuel

Hydroelectric 
There are perhaps a thousand more hydroelectric plants in Sweden not listed here, but these are among the biggest. Today, there are 46 stations at 100 MW and over, 18 at 200 MW and over, 6 at 400 MW and over, and 2 over 500 MW.

Wind farms

See also 

 List of largest power stations in the world

References

External links
 Operational reports over Swedish wind power (in Swedish)

Sweden
Lists of buildings and structures in Sweden
Australian National Industries. Australian National Industries was an Australian heavy engineering company with diverse range of holdings.

History
In 1911 John McGrath began to sell motor vehicles. It operated the first public garage in New South Wales. The company held motor vehicle franchises for many makes of cars. In 1929, it diversified into importing steel and engineering equipment. In the mid-1930s production of drop forgings commenced with motor dealerships opening in other states.

In the early 1940s, the largest forging plant in Australia was opened in Lidcombe, producing forgings for the aircraft and munitions industry. Activities expanded and diversified to include general engineering. In February 1951 John McGrath Industries Limited was listed on the Sydney Stock Exchange. It was renamed Australian National Industries in 1956.

Having acquired a 20% shareholding in ANI, Kerry Packer's Australian Consolidated Press (ACP) launched a takeover offer in April 1989. ACP gained control with a 48% shareholding in June 1989.

In 1991, ACP sold its struggling European waste management company ABT to ANI for $2 million, a decision which was not disclosed to ANI shareholders. Two weeks later, Packer, who had already reduced his shareholding in ANI from 48% to 30%, sold his remaining stake, making a $200 million profit. ABT had signed a contract to build a $150 million waste treatment facility in Madrid which some observers thought was more likely to cost about $400 million. In 2006, it was estimated that  the final losses from ANI's venture into European waste management approached $1 billion.

In 1997, Bob Ellicott QC conducted an independent enquiry into the circumstances surrounding the sale of ABT to ANI, but his report was never made public by the corporate regulator, the Australian Securities & Investments Commission, because the ANI board claimed it was defamatory.

In October 1998, Evans Deakin Industries, that held a 5% shareholding in ANI, announced its intention to launch a takeover offer. In December 1998, Smorgon Steel launched a counter takeover offer that was successful, with ANI delisted from the Australian Securities Exchange on 17 March 1999.

Subsidiary companies
Spedley Holdings
Bradken
Coates Hire
Cockatoo Docks & Engineering Company
Comeng
Comsteel
Queensland Bus Builders
Union Carriage & Wagon

References

Auto dealerships of Australia
Companies based in Sydney
Companies formerly listed on the Australian Securities Exchange
Conglomerate companies of Australia
Defunct manufacturing companies of Australia
Engineering companies of Australia
Australian companies established in 1911
1999 disestablishments in Australia
IEC 61400-25. International standard IEC 61400-25 (Communications for monitoring and control of wind power plants, TC 88) provides uniform information exchange for monitoring and control of wind power plants. This addresses the issue of proprietary communication systems utilizing a wide variety of protocols, labels, semantics, etc., thus enabling one to exchange information with different wind power plants independently of a vendor. It is a subset of IEC 61400; a set of standards for designing wind turbines.

The IEC 61400-25 standard is a basis for simplifying the roles that the wind turbine and SCADA systems have to play. The crucial part of the wind power plant information, information exchange methods, and communication stacks are standardized. They build a basis to which procurement specifications and contracts could easily refer.

The standard has specified five mapping (IEC 61400-25-4) to communication protocol stacks in order to address the real wind power business needs for communication. The mappings specified in the part of IEC 61400-25 comprises a mapping to SOAP-based web services, OPC/XML-DA, IEC 61850-8-1 MMS, IEC 60870-5-104 and a mapping to DNP3.

Interoperability 
For supporting the interoperability of the IEC 61400-25 standard, a user group was formed with a high degree of cooperation with user groups on IEC 61850 and DNP3. Users, manufacturers, service providers, and system integrators with interest in the specific issues on interoperability are recommend to address the IEC 61400-25 user group.

Contents 
 Part 25-1:  Overall description of principles and models  (IEC 61400-25-1:2017)  
 Part 25-2:  Information models   (IEC 61400-25-2:2015) 
 Part 25-3:  Information exchange models  (IEC 61400-25-3:2015)  
 Part 25-4:  Mapping to communication profile
 Part 25-5:  Compliance testing   (IEC 61400-25-5:2017)  
 Part 25-6:  Logical node classes and data classes for condition monitoring   (IEC 61400-25-6:2016 ) 
 Part 25-71: Configuration description language   (IEC TS 61400-25-71:2019)

See also 
 IEC 61850
 IEC 81346

External links 
 IEC Standards Website
 IEC 61400-25 User Group web site

References

Electric power transmission systems
Electric power distribution
Electrical safety
IEC 61400
Metra potential method. The metra potential method (MPM) (Méthode des potentiels Métra) was developed by French researcher Bernard Roy in 1958 for the construction of the French paquebot France and of the first French nuclear power plant.

MPM is a means of describing organizing and planning a project. It is an equivalent of the PERT method.

Using summits for tasks and path for interdependencies between the different tasks, the solution is set are graphically.

Using MPM, the length of the critical path is shown directly in the diagram and the critical path itself can be identified easily.

References

Project management techniques
Molecular Materials Research Group. The Molecular Materials Research Group (MMRG) is a multidisciplinary research group composed of several Ph.D. members as well as the expertise of other researchers in the field of Computational, Organic and Analytical Chemistry.

Located at Madeira University in Madeira, its main scientific activity is devoted to the preparation and characterization of potentially useful molecular materials with enhanced electronic and biomedical properties. The development of new materials based in dendrimers for gene delivery and for non-linear optical applications is one of their primary goals.

References

External links

Chemical research institutes
Alfred Barrett. Alfred Barrett (died 18 July 1849) was born in New England. He was an engineer by training.

In about 1818, Barrett began working on the engineering staff that was constructing the Erie Canal in New York State. He rapidly gained experience and was an accredited engineer by 1821. The project was completed in 1825.

In 1824, the Erie project was visited by William Hamilton Merritt and he likely recruited Barrett as resident superintending engineer of the Welland Canal. Over the course of his career, he worked on a variety of important projects including the Lachine Canal improvements and resident engineer on the Erie.

His professional achievements were of high importance to the development of the economy of this North American area. His early death cut short a highly productive and important engineering career.

He died in Montreal of cholera.

External links 
 Biography at the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online

Canadian engineers
1849 deaths
American canal engineers
Year of birth unknown
Erie Canal
Welland Canal
Softening point. The softening point is the temperature at which a material softens beyond some arbitrary softness. It can be determined, for example, by the Vicat method (ASTM-D1525 or ISO 306), Heat Deflection Test (ASTM-D648) or a ring and ball method (ISO 4625 or ASTM E28-67/E28-99 or ASTM D36 or ASTM D6493 - 11 or JIS K 6863). A ring and ball apparatus can also be used for the determination of  softening point of bituminous materials.

See also
 Glass Transition Temperature

References

Temperature
Polymer chemistry
Glass physics
System One. System One, System I or System 1 may refer to:

Computing 
 Acorn System 1, 8-bit microcomputer by Acorn
 Atari System 1, an arcade game hardware platform by Atari
 Cromemco System One, a microcomputer from the early 1980s by Cromemco
 IBM Q System One, a 2019 circuit-based commercial quantum computer by IBM 
 Line Drawing System-1, an early graphical computer
 Sega System 1, the arcade system board
 System 1, the initial operating system version for the Apple Macintosh
 Tulip System-1, 16-bit personal computer by Tulip

Other uses 
System-1 Aira, a synthesizer produced by Roland
 System One, a range of bus passes offered by Transport for Greater Manchester
 System 1, the fast, automatic mode of thinking, as described in Daniel Kahneman's book Thinking, Fast and Slow

See also 
 System I (disambiguation)
 SystmOne, a clinical and administrative software system developed by TPP (The Phoenix Partnership) company.
 Series 1
Clément-Bayard No.1. 

The Clément-Bayard No.1, Bayard-Clément was a French military semi-rigid airship of 1908 developed by Astra Clément-Bayard, which was founded by industrial entrepreneur Adolphe Clément-Bayard, in response to a French Army decision to experiment with airship operations. Société Astra was contracted to build the envelope, while Clément-Bayard built the gondola and engines itself. The envelope's distinctive design featured four large lobes at the aft end, intended to provide directional stability. Testing commenced on 29 October with Henry Kapferer at the controls. By the end of the year, the airship had made nearly thirty flights, including long-range cross-country sorties of up to , breaking the national aerial endurance and speed records.

In 1909 the airship was offered for sale to the French government, with an asking price of FF 500,000. However, this was considered too expensive, and the offer was declined. Later that year, Tsar Nicholas II decided to buy it for the Russian army. On 23 August, it was demonstrated to a Russian military delegation in Paris where it was piloted by Louis Capazza firstly to a record altitude of 1,200 m (4,000 ft) and then hours later to a new record of 1,550 m (5,080 ft). Upon landing, however, Capazza cut power to the engines before the ground handlers had full control of the craft. A gust of wind carried it into a grove of trees, lacerating the envelope and resulting in it sinking into the River Seine, but it was salvaged and repaired, and went on to serve with the Russian Army under the name Berkut ("Eagle").

Specifications

See also
 Société Astra (Société Astra des Constructions Aéronautiques)

Notes

References
 
 hydroretro.net

1900s French military reconnaissance aircraft
Airships of France
Aircraft first flown in 1908
Rheinmetall BK-5. The Rheinmetall Bordkanone 5, or BK-5, was a WWII-era German 50 mm autocannon primarily intended for use against Allied heavy bombers, such as the United States Army Air Forces's (USAAF) Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress. The shells had a high muzzle velocity and significant kinetic energy, allowing them to be fired from distances outside the range of the bombers' defensive guns.  The large explosive content of each shell almost ensured the destruction of any bomber that was hit.

Rheinmetall was given a contract in 1943 to adapt the 50 mm 5 cm KwK 39 tank gun, from the Panzer III tank, for aerial use in the twin-engined Messerschmitt Me 410 Hornisse bomber destroyer. They were installed as Umrüst-Bausätze ("factory modification") 4 in the Me 410 A-1/U4, and, experimentally, in two Messerschmitt Me 262 A-1a/U4 jet fighter prototypes (though these were not used operationally), as the MK 214A cannon of similar caliber was not yet available. An experimental fitment of the BK 5 in an undernose Bola (or "dustbin") mount on a small number of Heinkel He 177A-3 heavy bombers was part of a small force of the bombers that was given the task of suppressing Flak on the Eastern Front near Stalingrad early in the winter of 1942–1943 as the A-3/Rüstsatz 5 version, allegedly nicknamed the Stalingradtyp. The semi-circular magazine of the BK-5 weapon system held 21 rounds.

Approximately 300 were produced but saw only limited action, most notably in the Me 410 A-1/U4 aircraft that served with the II. Gruppe of Zerstörergeschwader 26 (ZG 26). It was also mounted on the Junkers Ju 88.

Intended for long-range shots, the cannon was given a telescopic sight in addition to the Me 410's standard Revi C12C gunsight, in order to make it easier to take long-range shots from outside a bomber's defensive perimeter, as a "stand-off" weapon system. This proved to be more of a hindrance than a help in the turning fights in which the Me 410s often found themselves when engaged by enemy fighters, as the manoeuvring targets easily escaped from the telescopic sight's small field of view, forcing them to use to normal sights instead. Since the BK 5 was almost useless against such small, nimble targets, the use of the telescopic sight was unnecessary in these situations anyway.

As installed in the Me 262, with the muzzle protruding well beyond the nose of the fighter, the cannon was found to be prone to jamming, and if fired at night the muzzle flash tended to temporarily blind the pilot's night vision.

According to the account of the engagements against the USAAF by II./ZG 26 from late February through mid-April 1944, the 53 Me 410 Hornisse of that Zerstörergruppe equipped with the BK 5 claimed a total of 129 B-17 Flying Fortress and four Consolidated B-24 Liberator heavy bombers, destroyed over five or six interceptions while losing nine of their own Me 410s.

See also 
 BK 3,7
 BK 7,5
 MK 112 cannon
 Vickers "S" gun
 QF 6pdr Class M Mark I with Auto Loader Mk III (6pdr Molins gun)
 Nudelman-Suranov NS-45

Notes

References

 .

Aircraft artillery
Autocannon
50 mm artillery
Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1943
Justin Erenkrantz. Justin Erenkrantz was President of the Apache Software Foundation. He previously served as Treasurer for the ASF. Erenkrantz worked as a software engineer for Joost. He is currently working as Head of Compute Architecture at Bloomberg L.P., New York. Erenkrantz has made major coding developments on Apache HTTP Server, APR, mod_mbox, flood and Serf.  As of 2010 Erenkrantz graduated from the University of California, Irvine where he received a PhD. His dissertation is titled Computational REST: A New Model for Decentralized, Internet-Scale Applications.

References

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)