omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
List of Constellation missions. The Constellation Program was NASA's planned future human spaceflight program between 2005 and 2009, which aimed to develop a new crewed spacecraft (Orion) and a pair of launchers (Ares I and Ares V) to continue servicing the International Space Station and return to the Moon.

As of 2009, a single uncrewed suborbital launch test (Ares I-X) had been flown, with crewed missions anticipated to begin between 2014 (when an uncrewed mission was indeed launched) and 2017-2019 (according to the independent Augustine Commission). On February 1, 2010, President Obama announced that he intended to cancel the program with the U.S. 2011 fiscal year budget. A revised proposal in April confirmed that the Orion spacecraft would be retained for future missions beyond low Earth orbit, with the Ares launchers redeveloped into the Space Launch System. However, the Constellation Program itself was cancelled, with low Earth orbit operations transferred to the Commercial Crew Development program, which itself would not begin crewed launches until Crew Dragon Demo-2 in 2020.

Development of mission plans
In October 2006 NASA released a draft schedule of all planned NASA Constellation missions through 2019. This document included descriptions of a series of proposed vehicle test missions. In July 2007 the schedule was reviewed. In January 2008 the schedule was again reviewed. The most recent published set of milestones is from February 2009. Also, an independent assessment by the Review of United States Human Space Flight Plans Committee in October 2009 found that under NASA's then-current plans and budget the Ares I would not be ready to launch until 2017–2019, with the Ares V not available until the late 2020s.

On October 11, 2010, the Constellation program was cancelled, ending development of the Altair, Ares I, and Ares V. The Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle was renamed the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle (MPCV), to be launched on the Space Launch System.

Constellation missions
After cancellation, one of the original launches took place anyway. Several more missions similar to Constellation missions would launch under the Orion test program and the following up Artemis program.

Abort tests
These were planned to test the launch escape system of the Orion spacecraft on the launchpad.

Successor missions
Several missions with modified profiles similar to the planned missions were launched after the conclusion of the Constellation program.

References

External links
 Official Orion NASA Web Site
 Official Ares Web Site

Missions
 
Lists of space missions

cs:Orion 12
Giuseppe Gabrielli. Giuseppe Gabrielli (26 February 1903 – 29 November 1987) was an Italian aeronautics engineer. He is famous as the designer of numerous Italian military aircraft, including the Fiat G.50 Freccia and G.55 World War II fighters.

Biography 

Giuseppe Gabrielli was born in Caltanissetta, Sicily, and studied at the Politecnico di Torino and at the Technische Hochschule of Aachen, Germany under Theodore von Kármán. Gabrielli began his work as designer at Piaggio, but was soon called to FIAT by Giovanni Agnelli to lead his aeronautics section.

Gabrielli designed 142 aircraft, all bearing his initial, including the G.50, the G.55, the G.80 (one of the first jets designed in Italy), the Aeritalia G.91, which won a contest for a NATO standard fighter in the 1950s, and the G.222, a military transport airplane, whose design was later evolved into the C-27J Spartan (with the addition of new engines and new avionics to the airframe).

Gabrielli was awarded the Ludwig-Prandtl-Ring from the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt (German Society for Aeronautics and Astronautics) for "outstanding contribution in the field of aerospace engineering" in 1967.

He died in Turin in 1987.

References

Bibliography

 

1903 births
1987 deaths
People from Caltanissetta
Italian aerospace engineers
Scientists from Sicily
Engineers from Turin
Ludwig-Prandtl-Ring recipients
Fiat people
Staffordshire blue brick. Staffordshire blue brick is a strong type of construction brick, originally made in Staffordshire, England.

The brick is made from the local red clay, Etruria marl, which when fired at a high temperature in a low-oxygen reducing atmosphere takes on a deep blue colour and attains a very hard surface with high crushing strength and low water absorption.

Brickworks were a key industry across the whole Black Country throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, and were considered so important that they were designated as a reserved occupation during World War Two. The Black Country was a major producer of clay for brickmaking, often mined from beneath the 30 foot Staffordshire coal seam. The industry dates back to at least the 17th century, however brickworks really took off in the 19th century.  A key date is 1851 when the Joseph Hamblet brickworks were founded in West Bromwich, which became one of the largest producers of Staffordshire blue bricks. Other sites produced these as well, including Albion in West Bromwich, Cakemore works at Blackheath, Springfield at Rowley Regis, John Sadler, Blades and New Century at Oldbury, Coneygre at Tipton, and Bentley Hall near Darlaston.

This type of brick was used for foundations as well as being extensively used for bridges and tunnels in canal construction, and later, for railways. Its lack of porosity makes it suitable for capping brick walls, and its hard-wearing properties make it ideal for steps and pathways. It is also used as a general facing brick for decorative reasons.  Staffordshire blue bricks have traditionally been "Class A" with a water absorption of less than 4.5%.

See also
Engineering brick

References

External links
thepotteries.org - Brick making in Stoke-on-Trent
Staffordshire County Council – Clay and Shale (PDF)
 mister.red - a collection of images of different "blue" bricks seen in the UK

Bricks
Buildings and structures in Staffordshire
Architecture in England
Télécom & Management SudParis. Télécom & Management SudParis (ex - INT: Institut National des Télécommunications ) groups two French Grande École located in Évry, a town south of Paris, France.  It was formerly a research centre for France Télécom, and later turned into the leading institute for higher studies and research in telecommunications technology and the management of information and communications technology.

Former member of the UniverSud Paris.

The institute is composed of:
 Télécom SudParis, an Engineering school focused on the telecommunication industry
 Institut Mines-Télécom Business School, a Business School specializing in the IT industry
 An executive education/training centre
 An international business accelerator
 A research centre

Together with Télécom ParisTech (also known as ENST or Télécom Paris), Télécom Bretagne, Télécom Lille 1, Eurecom and the Mines schools, Télécom & Management SudParis is a member of the Institut Mines-Télécom consortium (ex Institut Télécom, ex GET).

In 2008, the INT was renamed Télécom & Management SudParis in line with the strategy of Institut Télécom.

Facilities
 180 faculty staff
 140 PhD students
 11 teaching and research departments:
 Teaching and research departments:
 Language and Human Science
 Entrepreneurship, Management, Marketing and Strategy
 Economics, Finance and Sociology
 Information Systems
 Advanced Research and Techniques for Multidimensional Imaging Systems (ARTEMIS)
 Communications, Images and Information Analysis
 Electronics and Physics
 Computer science
 Networks and Software
 Networks and Multimedia mobile services
 Telecommunications Networks

References

External links
 Télécom SudParis (ex Télécom INT)
 Institut Mines-Télécom Business School (ex Télécom École de Management, ex INT Management)
 Institut Mines-Télécom
 Alumni website

Institut National des Telecommunications
Educational institutions established in 1979
Buildings and structures in Évry, Essonne
Universities in Île-de-France
1979 establishments in France
Education in Évry, Essonne
Telecommunication education
Mount Lyell Remediation and Research and Demonstration Program. The Mount Lyell Remediation and Research and Demonstration Program was a joint rehabilitation programme between the Supervising Scientist Australia and the Department of Environment and Land Management, Tasmania to clean up the King River, Queen River and Macquarie Harbour.

This was following over 100 years of mine waste and town waste from Queenstown being emptied into the rivers.

It was conducted after the closing of the Mount Lyell Mining and Railway Company in 1994, and most reports were produced by 1996. At the time of the final report it was claimed that the program was one of Australia's most comprehensive response to large scale environmental damage.

The review of the effluent and environment of the Mount Lyell mining lease resulted in reports that were published, and the new owner of the Mount Lyell lease - Copper Mines of Tasmania (first company) - complying with requirements of the findings and the creation of tailings dams and the conclusion of any effluent disposal into the Queen River and King River.

Even after the remediation programme, doubts exist regarding the issues addressed.

The delta at the mouth of Macquarie Harbour that has an extended size of sediment has been of concern, before and since the programme.

Notes

References
Davies P, Mitchell N and Barmuta L (1996) The impact of historical mining operations at Mount Lyell on the water quality and biological health of the King and Queen River catchments, western Tasmania. Mount Lyell Remediation Research and Demonstration Program. Supervising Scientist Report 118, Supervising Scientist, Canberra.

Publications
Koehnken, Lois (1997) Final Report Mount Lyell Remediation Research and Demonstration Program. Supervising Scientist Report 126, Supervising Scientist, Canberra. 

Mount Lyell Mining and Railway Company
Macquarie Harbour
Queenstown, Tasmania
King River (Tasmania)
Asphalt plant. An asphalt plant is a plant used for the manufacture of asphalt, macadam and other forms of coated roadstone, sometimes collectively known as blacktop or asphalt concrete.

The manufacture of coated roadstone demands the combination of a number of aggregates, sand and a filler (such as stone dust), in the correct proportions, heated, and finally coated with a binder, usually bitumen based or, in some cases tar, although tar was removed from BS4987 in 2001 and is not referred to in BSEN 13108/1. The temperature of the finished product must be sufficient to be workable after transport to the final destination. A temperature in the range of 100 to 200 degrees Celsius is normal.

Countries have individual specifications stipulating how much of the raw material can be allowed from recycled asphalt. In-depth research shows that addition of up to 20% recycled asphalt produces the same quality of asphalt compared to 100% virgin material. The quality of asphalt starts reducing once the percentage of recycled asphalt increases beyond 20%.

Main Structure

The asphalt plant is mainly composed of cold aggregate supply system, drum dryer, coal burner, coal feeder, dust collector, hot aggregate elevator, vibrating screen, filler supply system, weighing and mixing system, Pollution Control Unit , asphalt storage, bitumen supply system. All these components have characteristics that impact not only the overall quality of the asphalt but also the effect on the environment.

References

Asphalt
Herbert Bowyer Berkeley. Herbert Bowyer Berkeley (27 March 1851 – 26 May 1890) was an English photographer as well as a chemical engineer. He was the fourth son of The Reverend William Comyns Berkeley and Harriet Elizabeth Bowyer Nichols Berkeley. Berkeley was educated at Uppingham School, was a member of the Royal Photographic Society and exhibited work from 1874 until 1889.

Early life 
Herbert Bowyer Berkeley was born on 27 March 1851 at Cotheridge Court, Cotheridge, Worcestershire, England. During his years at Uppingham he was introduced to chemistry by his science teacher, a German PhD. After Uppingham he lived at Cotheridge Court. During the 1870s he became an amateur photographer as well as a chemical engineer, and experimented with the developing processes and photographic materials available to him during that time. Many of his early photographs were scenes taken around the extensive woods and pastures in the vicinity of his family home. By early 1881 he had left Cotheridge and was living in lodgings in London.

Experiments 
During the 1870s photographers used the common wet-plate, which required a lot of on-the-spot preparation for immediate exposure. Although not a new idea, photography was still in its early stages of experimentation. Berkeley experimented with the pre-coated, semi-dry collodion plates which were commercially available at that time. He discovered that with the addition of sulfite to Samman's developing solution, to absorb the sulphur dioxide, which was given off by the chemical dithionite, that dithionite was no longer required in the developing process. Berkeley published his discovery in 1881.

Chemical engineer 
In 1882 the British Journal of Photography Almanac included his new formula of pyrogallol, sulfite and citric acid in their publication. In Berkeley's new formula, just before use, ammonia was added to make it more alkaline.

In London, Berkeley was a member of the Platinotype Company where he worked in association with William Willis. The company marketed Berkeley's Sulpho-pyrogallol Developer.

Photographic career 
Berkeley displayed his landscape photographic works in exhibitions of the Royal Photographic Society between the years 1874 and 1889. In 1886, he was awarded a medal for a scene taken in the Dove Valley, Staffordshire, England.

Early death 
Berkeley's health was beginning to fail and in 1889 he left England and travelled to Algiers, probably with the hope that a drier climate would be of benefit to him. He died in Algiers at age 39, unmarried. A plaque in memoriam to him hangs inside St. Leonard's church, Cotheridge, located a short distance from his family home. Herbert Bowyer Berkeley was not fully recognised for his important discovery and contribution to the developing process.

References 
 The Photographic Journal, May 1993, an article written by Dr. G I P Levenson HonFRPS.

Further reading
 

1851 births
1890 deaths
Photographers from Worcestershire
Pioneers of photography
19th-century English photographers
Storage resource management. In computing, storage resource management (SRM) involves optimizing the efficiency and speed with which a storage area network (SAN) utilizes available drive space.

History 

Data growth averages around 50% to 100% per year  and organizations face rising hardware and storage management costs. Storage professionals who face out-of-control data growth are looking at SRM to help them navigate the storage environment. SRM identifies under-utilized capacity, identifies old or non-critical data that could be moved to less expensive storage, and helps predict future capacity requirements.

SRM evolved beyond quota management.  it included functions such as storage area network (SAN) management.

References 

Storage software
Institute for Personal Robots in Education. Institute for Personal Robots in Education (IPRE) was initiated by a $1 million grant from Microsoft Research to Bryn Mawr College and the Georgia Institute of Technology and announced in July 2006. IPRE is designing introductory computer science curricula centered on a Personal Robot. Their vision is that each student will purchase a small, inexpensive robot at the bookstore which they will use throughout their classes in exploring computer science. The hope is that the robot will cost about as much as a textbook. IPRE will develop the hardware, software, and curricular materials for these courses.

The software being developed for introductory computer science courses is called Myro, short for My Robot, and is based in part on Pyro from Python Robotics. Myro is an interface to communicate with robots. It is designed to be used through a number of computer languages, include Python, Ruby, and Scheme.

The robot currently being used is the Scribbler from Parallax, Inc. (company) augmented with a small computer board, called the Fluke. The Fluke contains Bluetooth and a camera. This allows any robot that has a serial interface to be controlled through the low-cost Fluke.

History 
 Announced in July 2006
 First courses taught at Bryn Mawr College and Georgia Institute of Technology in Spring 2007

See also 
 Python Robotics

References

External links
 Institute for Personal Robots in Education
   - details on the Fluke board

Computer science education
Microsoft initiatives
Robotics organizations
Bryn Mawr College
Research institutes established in 2006
2006 in robotics
JD Squared. JD Squared, Inc. is an American manufacturer of tube and pipe benders. Founded in 1982 and based in Johnson City, Tennessee, the company has manufactured fabrication tools since 1982, starting with tube and pipe benders and later expanding to other fabrication tools. JD Squared is a privately owned Florida corporation. Robert Hughes is the owner and Chief Engineer.

History
JD Squared, Inc. was founded under the name Hughes Performance Engineering in 1982. In 1983 they designed and released the Model 1 tube bender. The Model 1 Bender became popular because it was one of the few affordable manual tube benders on the fabricating market. However, the Model 1 Bender could only bend 90 degrees. In 1988 JD Squared released the Model 2 Tube bender with 180 degree bend capability. In 1992 the company changed its name to JD Squared, Inc. and released the Model 3 Tube Bender.

Products
Tools currently  manufactured by JD Squared include the Model 3 Tube Bender, the Model 4 Tube Bender, Model 32 Bender, Model 54 Rotary Bender, TN-100 Tube Notcher, the Notch Master Tube Notcher, Beast Tube Notcher, Dr. Jig Chassis Jig, and CNC Plasma Tables.

See also
Tube and pipe benders

External links
JD Squared, Inc.
JD Squared Australia

Manufacturing companies based in Tennessee
Manufacturing companies based in Florida
Marion County, Florida
Johnson City, Tennessee
American companies established in 1982
Manufacturing companies established in 1982
1982 establishments in Tennessee
Valve manufacturers
Coriolis (satellite). The Coriolis satellite is a Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) and Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Earth and space observation satellite launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base, on January 6, 2003, at 14:19 GMT.

Instruments

WINDSAT 
WINDSAT is a joint Integrated Program Office/Department of Defense demonstration project, intended to measure ocean surface wind speed and wind direction from space using a polarimetric radiometer. WINDSAT was developed and managed by the Space Test Program at Kirtland AFB in New Mexico, designed for a three-year lifetime. It is primarily designed to measure ocean surface wind direction (nonprecipitating conditions) with a 25-km spatial resolution. Secondary measurements are Sea surface temperature,  soil moisture, rain rate, ice and snow characteristics and water vapor.

Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI) 
The Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI) is an instrument intended to detect disturbances in the solar wind by means of imaging scattered light from the free electrons in the plasma of the solar wind. To do this three CCD cameras observe sections of the sky of size 60 by 3 degree.

As the SMEI instrument observes the whole sky, data generated has been used to observe periodic changes in the brightness of stars. This data can be used to detect asteroseismological oscillation in giant stars, and for the detection of large eclipsing extra-solar planets.

External links 

 WINDSAT site at NOAA

Bibliography
 WINDSAT Project Information
 WINDSAT Contractors Web Site
 WINDSAT site at NRL 
 WINDSAT site at ONR
 Launch Schedule for ITC

Earth observation satellites of the United States
Spacecraft launched in 2003
United States Navy
Satellites of the United States Air Force
MIDAL. MIDAL (Mitte-Deutschland-Anbindungsleitung) is a  long German natural gas pipeline, which connects the North Sea with southern Germany.  It runs from Bunde, where it is connected with Netherlands gas system, and Emdel receiving terminal, to Ludwigshafen.  The pipeline has a capacity of 12.8 billion cubic meters of natural gas per year.  It was constructed in 1992–1993, and it is owned and operated by Wingas GmbH & Co. KG.

The northern section of the pipeline which runs from Bunde and Rysum to Rehden is  long and has a diameter of . In Rehden, the pipeline is connected with the Rehden gas storage. Also the Rehden–Hamburg gas pipeline branches-off from MIDAL. In future, MIDAL will be connected with the NEL pipeline at Reheden.

The middle section with length of  connects Rehden with Reckrod. This section has a diameter of . In Bad Salzuflen, the WEDAL pipeline towards Belgium branches-off from MIDAL. In Reckrod, MIDAL is connected with the STEGAL pipeline.

The  long southern section with a diameter of  runs from Reckrod to Ludwigshafen. In Ludwigshafen, the pipeline is connected with a  long MIDAL-ERM branch-off pipeline to Jockgrim. It has a diameter of .  MIDAL-ERM was commissioned in April 1964.

See also

 STEGAL
 JAGAL
 Rehden-Hamburg gas pipeline
 NEL pipeline

References

External links
 MIDAL (Wingas website)

Energy infrastructure completed in 1993
Natural gas pipelines in Germany
WEDAL. WEDAL (Westdeutschland-Anbindungsleitung) is a  long German natural gas pipeline, which connects the MIDAL pipeline with the Belgian natural gas grid. WEDAL branches off the MIDAL pipeline in Bad Salzuflen. From there the pipeline runs to Soest and further across North Rhine-Westphalia to the connection at the Belgian border near Aachen. The construction of WEDAL started in 1996 and the pipeline was completed in 1998. WEDAL is owned and operated by Wingas GmbH & Co. KG.

See also

 JAGAL
 STEGAL
 NEL pipeline

External links
 WEDAL website by Wingas

Energy infrastructure completed in 1998
Natural gas pipelines in Germany
Rehden–Hamburg gas pipeline. Rehden–Hamburg gas pipeline (RHG) is a  long branch of MIDAL pipeline with diameter of  to supply Hamburg area with natural gas.  The pipeline was constructed in 1994 by Wingas and E.ON Hanse (Hamburger Gaswerke). It connects to the natural gas storage facility in Rehden.

See also

 WEDAL
 STEGAL
 JAGAL
 NEL pipeline

References

External links
 RHG website by Wingas

Energy infrastructure completed in 1994
Natural gas pipelines in Germany
Puente de la Unidad. Puente de la Unidad or Viaducto de la Unidad is a cantilever spar cable-stayed bridge designed by Óscar Bulnes that crosses the Santa Catarina River and connects the cities of Monterrey and San Pedro Garza García in the Mexican state of Nuevo León. It is part of a circuit called "Circuito La Unidad", which would consist of the interconnection of a series of avenues.

History 
The bridge was finished in 2003 and has been controversial even before its completion because the river it crosses is dry almost all year long.

Although a huge part of the cost of this bridge was done by the business class of Monterrey, they were aware that the Santa Catarina River is affected by overflowing water from saturated rain caused by hurricanes. The San Pedro neighborhood is very well connected to the Colinas San Jerónimo and Cumbres vicinity using this bridge.

Last 2010, Hurricane Alex burst millions of metric tons of water. The water carried garbage on its path, damaging almost every structure of the previously dry river.

This method of construction respects the natural pathway of the dry river at demanding intervals.

See also 
Puente de la Mujer, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Samuel Beckett Bridge, Dublin, Ireland
Sundial Bridge at Turtle Bay, California, United States
Puente del Alamillo, Seville, Spain
Assut de l'Or Bridge, Valencia, Spain
Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge, Dallas, Texas, United States

References 

Buildings and structures in Monterrey
Unidad
Unidad
Inclined towers