omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
K-Wagen. The Großkampfwagen or "K-Wagen" (short for G.K.-Wagen) was a German super-heavy tank, two prototypes of which were almost completed by the end of World War I.

History
In June 1917, before the first A7V tanks had been completed, the German War Ministry ordered the development of a new superheavy tank intended to be used in break-through situations. Design work was carried out by Joseph Vollmer, a reserve captain and engineer working for the Verkehrstechnische Prüfungskommission ("Transport-technologies Board of Examiners" of the army), and a Captain Weger.

On June 28, 1917 the War Ministry approved the draft design and ordered ten examples, five to be built by the Riebe ball-bearing factory in Berlin and five by Wegmann & Co. of Kassel.

The vehicle originally weighed 165 tons but this was reduced to a more practicable 120 tons by shortening the length. The huge size and mass of the K-Wagen made it impossible to transport complete, so it was decided that it would be split into four sections for transport by rail, to be reassembled behind the front line near where it was to be used.

Two prototypes were built at the request of Hindenburg, but were still incomplete by the end of the war due to lack of raw materials and other demands for weaponry.

Description

The hull of the K-Wagen consisted of six modules that could be transported separately by rail: the control room, the fighting room, the engine room, the transmission room and the two sponsons. The commander could give orders to the crew by means of electric lights: fire control was comparable to that of a destroyer, the Germans seeing the vehicle as a veritable "landship". The drivers would have had to steer the vehicle blindly, directed by the commander.

The K-Wagen was to be armed with four 77 mm fortress guns and seven MG08 machine guns and had a crew of 27: a commander, two drivers, a signaler, an artillery officer, 12 artillery men, eight machine gunners and two mechanics. At the beginning of the project the incorporation of flamethrowers was considered but later rejected.

The K-Wagen never became operational as under the conditions of the Armistice Germany was forbidden to possess tanks. One of the tanks, "Ribe" was complete at the end of the war, but it never left the factory and was scrapped under the watchful eyes of the Military Inter-Allied Commission of Control.

See also
Flying Elephant - British unbuilt design of similar size
Mark VIII another tank of similar size and design

References

Super-heavy tanks
World War I tanks of Germany
History of the tank
JavaStation. The JavaStation was a Network Computer (NC) developed by Sun Microsystems between 1996 and 2000, intended to run only Java applications.

The hardware is based on the design of the Sun SPARCstation series, a very successful line of UNIX workstations. 
The JavaStation, as an NC, lacks a hard drive, floppy  or CD-ROM drive. It also differs from other Sun systems in having PS/2 keyboard and mouse interfaces and a VGA monitor connector.

Models 
There were several models of the JavaStation produced, some being pre-production variants produced in very small numbers.

Production models comprised:
 JavaStation-1 (part number JJ-xx), codenamed Mr. Coffee: based on a 110 MHz MicroSPARC IIe CPU, this was housed in a cuboidal Sun "unidisk" enclosure.
 JavaStation-NC or JavaStation-10 (part number JK-xx) codenamed Krups: a redesigned Mr. Coffee with a 100 MHz MicroSPARC IIep CPU and enhanced video resolution and color capabilities. Krups was housed in a striking curved vertically oriented enclosure.

Models produced only as prototypes or in limited numbers included:
 JavaStation/Fox: a prototype of the Mr Coffee: essentially a repackaged SPARCstation 4 Model 110.
 JavaStation-E (part number JE-xx) codenamed Espresso: a Krups with PCI slots and a non-functional ATA interface in a restyled enclosure.
 Dover: a JavaStation based on PC compatible hardware, with a Cyrix MediaGXm CPU.
 JavaEngine-1: an ATX form-factor version of Krups for embedded systems.
 A 68030-based system designed by Diba, Inc. (later acquired by Sun) circa 1996, which could be considered a very early JavaStation-like system.

In addition, Sun envisioned a third-generation "Super JavaStation" after Krups, with a JavaChip co-processor for native Java bytecode execution. This doesn't appear to have been produced.

The JavaStation concept was superseded by the Sun Ray series of thin client terminals.

Operating systems 
The JavaStation comes with JavaOS in the flash memory, but it is also possible to install Linux or NetBSD on the JavaStation.

References 
 JavaStation Linux HOWTO
 NetBSD/sparc JavaStation information

Sun workstations
Network computer (brand)
SPARC microprocessor products
Computer-related introductions in 1996
DB Class 120. The DB Baureihe 120 is a class of electric locomotives operated by DB Fernverkehr in Germany. In November 2023, the last locomotives of this series were decommissioned by Deutsche Bahn. A few were sold to private railway companies and are operational.

Background and design
The locomotives' prototypes, delivered in 1979 (Mark 120.0), were one of the first electric locomotives with three-phase motors controlled by thyristor-based power electronics.  This principle, mainly devised by the german branch of swiss-based Brown, Boveri & Cie lay the foundation for all current electric and diesel-electric rail engines. For this, the Mark 120 is often acclaimed as milestone in locomotive technology. They were based on experiments made in the 1970s with diesel-electric test platforms (Mark DE 2500/ DB Mark 202). In Norway, a new four-axle Locomotive, Mark El-17, was launched during 1983 with top speeds up to .

The design was intended to be the first truly universal locomotive, capable of pulling fast passenger trains as well as heavy freight trains. While the electric equipment exceeded expectations, the mechanical part suffered from its lightweight construction necessitated by the heavy electronics of the time.

After extensive tests, a series of 60 locomotives (Mark 120.1) were ordered in 1984 and delivered in 1986–1988. Original plans to build up to 2,000 machines were ultimately ended by DB's privatisation. The 120s went to DB Fernverkehr, the other divisions of Deutsche Bahn ordered locomotives that featured technologies from the 120, but were not direct successors. However, the mark 120 engines formed the foundation for the power cars of the german high-speed trains ICE 1 and ICE 2

Technical data

Gallery

References

External links

 Spec Sheet; French

Railway locomotives introduced in 1979
Electric locomotives of Germany
15 kV AC locomotives
Bo′Bo′ locomotives
120
Brown, Boveri & Cie locomotives
Henschel locomotives
Krauss-Maffei locomotives
Krupp locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Germany
Birecik Dam. The Birecik Dam, one of the 21 dams of the Southeastern Anatolia Project of Turkey, is located on the Euphrates River   downstream of Atatürk Dam and  upstream of Birecik town  west of Province of Şanlıurfa in the southeastern region of Turkey. It was purposed  for irrigation and energy production. There is a run-of-the-river hydroelectric power plant, established in 2001, at the dam, with a power output of 672MW (six units at 112 MW each) can generate an average of 2.5 billion kWh per year. The Birecik dam is a structure consisting of a concrete gravity and clay core sandgravel fill with a height of  from the foundation. It was designed by Coyne et Bellier. The total catchment area is . The Birecik project will be realized under the status of Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) model.

The dam was built on top of the ruins of the ancient city of Zeugma. According to Bogumil Terminski (2015), the construction of the dam resulted in resettlement of approximately 6,000 people.

See also

 List of power stations in Turkey

References

External links
 United Nations Southeast Anatolia Sustainable Human Development Program (GAP) 
 Current status of GAP as of June 2000
 Official GAP web site

Dams completed in 2000
Energy infrastructure completed in 2001
Dams in Gaziantep Province
Hydroelectric power stations in Turkey
Southeastern Anatolia Project
Run-of-the-river power stations
Dams on the Euphrates River
Dams in Şanlıurfa Province
Crossings of the Euphrates
21st-century architecture in Turkey
Dicle Dam. Dicle Dam is one of the 21 dams of the Southeastern Anatolia Project of Turkey. These facilities are located within the provincial territory of Diyarbakır, at a distance of 50 kilometres to Diyarbakır city centre. More specifically, the dam and the hydroelectric power plant are located in Eğil district, at a distance of 800 metres from the point of junction of the streams of Maden Stream and Dibni to form the Tigris, and 22 kilometres downstream of the Kralkızı Dam. Construction works were started in 1986 and the dam was completed in 1997. The dam has an installed hydroelectric capacity of 110 MW and is designed to ultimately irrigate 128,080 hectares. In 2001 a water transmission line and a water treatment plant were commissioned that provided about 85% of the drinking water for the city of Diyarbakir in 2010. In 2018 a gate of the dam broke the water lever decreased and a part of a village re-emerged in the Eğil district.

References

 
 GAP Regional Development Administration - Impounding started at Kralkızı and Dicle Dams
 www.un.org.tr/undp/Gap.htm - United Nations  Southeast Anatolia Sustainable Human Development Program (GAP) 
 www.ecgd.gov.uk Data sheet

External links

 www.gap.gov.tr - Official GAP web site

Dams in Diyarbakır Province
Hydroelectric power stations in Turkey
Southeastern Anatolia Project
Dams completed in 1997
Rock-filled dams
Dams on the Tigris River
Rattle, Derbyshire. Rattle is a hamlet in the English county of Derbyshire.  It is part of the village of Ashover.  This portion of the village, also known as The Rattle, was the centre of stocking frame working in Ashover and probably derives its name from the noise made by the machines.

The frames were owned and operated by individual families who converted the top floors of their already cramped cottages to accommodate the large, complex machines.  Raw materials, such as silk or cotton, where obtained from a local entrepreneur.  He would then collect the finished stockings and pay the machinist a piece rate, usually very low.

In the 18th century and 19th century, most of the cottages then existing in Rattle housed at least one spinning or weaving frame.  Today, the only surviving 'weaver's cottages' are at the junction of Chapel Hill and Hill Road.

See also
Wessington
List of places in Derbyshire

References

Hamlets in Derbyshire
Towns and villages of the Peak District
North East Derbyshire District
Warewulf. Warewulf is a computer cluster implementation toolkit that facilitates the process of installing a cluster and long term administration.

Toolkit
Warewulf does this by changing the administration paradigm to make all of the slave node file systems manageable from one point, and automate the distribution of the node file system during node boot. It allows a central administration model for all slave nodes and includes the tools needed to build configuration files, monitor, and control the nodes. It is totally customizable and can be adapted to just about any type of cluster. From the software administration perspective it does not make much difference if you are running 2 nodes or 500 nodes. The procedure is still the same, which is why Warewulf is scalable from the admins perspective. Also, because it uses a standard chroot'able file system for every node, it is extremely configurable and lends itself to custom environments very easily.

While Warewulf was designed to be a high-performance computing (HPC) system, it is not an HPC system in itself. Warewulf is more along the lines of a distributed Linux distribution, or more specifically a system for replicating and managing small, lightweight Linux systems from one master. Using Warewulf, HPC packages such as LAM/MPI/MPICH, Sun Grid Engine, PVM, etc. can be easily deployed throughout the cluster.

Warewulf solves the problem of slave node management rather than being a strict HPC specific system (even though it was designed with HPC in mind). Because of this it is as flexible as a home grown cluster, but administratively scales very well. As a result of this flexibility and ease of customization, Warewulf has been used not only on production HPC implementations, but also development systems like KASY0 (the first system to break the one hundred dollar per GFLOPS barrier), and non HPC systems such as web server cluster farms, intrusion detection clusters, and high-availability clusters.

See also
 oneSIS – another diskless cluster package
 xCAT – Extreme Cloud Administration Toolkit – offers complete management for HPC clusters, RenderFarms, Grids, WebFarms, Online Gaming Infrastructure, Clouds, Datacenters

References

External links
 Warewulf Project
 Warewulf on Github
 Warewulf HOWTO
 Admin Magazine: Warewulf Cluster Manager – Howlingly Great
 Admin Magazine: Warewulf Cluster Manager – Part 2
 Admin Magazine: Warewulf Cluster Manager – Part 3
 Admin Magazine: Warewulf Cluster Manager – Part 4
 Admin Magazine: Warewulf Cluster Manager Listings 1-6
 WareWulf How-To: SysAdmins
 General Warewulf Discussions
 Warewulf Development Discussions
 Perceus 

Cluster computing
Boom vang. A boom vang (US) or kicking strap (UK) (often shortened to "vang" or "kicker") is a line or piston system on a sailboat used to exert downward force on the boom and thus control the shape of the sail.
The Collins English Dictionary defines it as "A rope or tackle extended from the boom of a fore-and-aft mainsail to a deck fitting of a vessel when running, in order to keep the boom from riding up".

The vang typically runs from the base of the mast to  the boom. Due to the great force necessary to change the height of the boom while a boat is under sail, a line-based boom vang usually includes some sort of a pulley system.  Hydraulic piston vangs are used on larger sailboats and controlled by manual or electric hydraulic pumps.

By controlling leech tension, the boom vang is one way of controlling sail twist. The boom vang may also be used to flatten the mainsail on dinghies.

On small sailboats and some cruising sailboats a vang may be omitted.  If a vang is not installed, then the mainsheet has to try to control both horizontal and vertical angles of the boom.  When the boom is near the centerline, the mainsheet is nearly vertical, and can exert downward force on the boom.  As the mainsheet is loosened to increase the horizontal angle of the boom and sail, the mainsheet becomes horizontal and exerts less downward force.  A vang works with the mainsheet to apply the downward force on the boom at all horizontal angles, allowing the mainsheet to be used to control the horizontal angle of the boom effectively.

While under sail, the opposite force to the vang is supplied by the sail itself.  When the sail is furled, a topping lift supplies the upward force on the boom.  Some line vang systems incorporate a piston to provide the topping lift force and to damp oscillations.  Hydraulic vangs can inherently act in the topping lift role.

A gnav (the word vang spelt backwards) is an inverted vang. It is a rigid strut that extends obliquely upward from the boom to the mast, exerting a force that pushes down on the boom. As the fixing point of the gnav on the boom is hauled inwards towards the mast, the downward force on the boom increases. A gnav offers more uncluttered space beneath the boom when compared to a vang.

References

Sailing rigs and rigging
Shipbuilding
Sailboat components
Sailing ship components
Nautical terminology

he:מפרשית#בומצ'ק
Sea Dragon (video game). Sea Dragon is a horizontally scrolling shooter for the TRS-80 computer written by Wayne Westmoreland and Terry Gilman and released in 1982 by Adventure International. The gameplay is similar to the Scramble arcade video game, but underwater. It was ported to the Apple II, Atari 8-bit computers, Commodore 64, TRS-80 Color Computer, and MS-DOS.

In 1995, Wayne Westmoreland placed the game into the public domain. In January 2016 the source code for the Atari 8-bit version was released to the public and added to the Internet Archive.

Gameplay

The player controls a submarine that can shoot torpedoes both forward and upward. The gameplay involves navigating "past underwater mountains and through labyrinthine passages while avoiding webs of explosive mines that rise from the sea bottom. Additional dangers include mine-dropping ships, enemy attack stations, falling stalactites, and deadly lasers—any of which could keep you from your ultimate goal: destruction of the incredibly powerful nuclear reactor at the end of the undersea course." (Adventure International catalog, 1982)

Speech
The Apple II version uses digitized voice that says "Sea Dragon!" When the user starts the game, he or she is told, "Good day, captain! Your ship's computer is now ready. Please wait while I initialize systems!", and during the game will be informed, "Air level critical!", "Checkpoint!", and "Approaching maximum damage!" The use of speech was a novelty, as the Apple II speaker is only able to emit a one-bit click. Programming Sea Dragon to play back an audio sample is a technical achievement shared with Castle Wolfenstein (1981), Dung Beetles (1982), Creepy Corridors (1982), and Plasmania (1982).

The Color Computer version is the only other version that includes speech. It says "Welcome aboard, Captain!" on the title screen.

Reception

Writing for Video magazine in 1983, Ivan Berger noted that Sea Dragons graphics were dominated by "simple patterns and primary colors". This Berger contrasted with the "more subtle colors and shadings that go into professional animation", however Berger noted that while Sea Dragon was emblematic in this regard, the chromatic and graphical simplicity of the game was endemic to the home computer game medium.

References

External links
Sea Dragon at TRS-80.org

Video TRS-80 gameplay

1982 video games
Adventure International games
Apple II games
Atari 8-bit computer games
Commodore 64 games
Commercial video games with freely available source code
DOS games
Horizontally scrolling shooters
Public-domain software with source code
TRS-80 games
TRS-80 Color Computer games
Video games developed in the United States
Video games set underwater
Submarines in fiction
Single-player video games
Corporate Air. Corporate Air is an airline based in Billings, Montana, United States. It was established in 1981 and operates primarily domestic scheduled cargo services, feeder service on behalf of FedEx Express, as well as the United States Postal Service. Its main base is Billings Logan International Airport.

Fleet 
The Corporate Air fleet included the following aircraft in October 2011:

4 Raytheon Beech 1900C Airliner
37 Cessna Caravan 675
2 Shorts 330-100

Previously operated
1 Dornier 228-212 (as of January 2005)
1 Raytheon Beech King Air 200
1 De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter Series 300
5 Embraer EMB-120 Brasilia (as of June 2009)
4 Cessna 208 Caravan

FAA fines 

Corporate Air faced $455,000 in FAA fines for allowing a small airliner to carry passengers on 80 flights despite having an engine that needed repair. The Federal Aviation Administration said that the airline had flown a Beech 1900C without repairing its right engine, which was consuming excessive amounts of oil. It was later determined that the engine was being operated in accordance with the engine manufacturer's specifications for leaks, and its use was deemed legal.

References

External links 
 

Cargo airlines of the United States
Airlines established in 1981
Airlines based in Montana
1981 establishments in the United States
Marta Bohn-Meyer. Marta Bohn-Meyer (18 August 1957 – 18 September 2005) was an American pilot and engineer.

Marta Bohn-Meyer was born in Amityville, New York. Marta Bohn-Meyer served as chief engineer of the NASA Dryden Flight Research Center. Bohn-Meyer was involved in a variety of research projects at NASA — she was the first female crewmember assigned to the Lockheed SR-71, serving as navigator during studies of aerodynamics and propulsion that used the SR-71 as a testbed. She was also project manager in a study of advanced laminar flow wing design using the General Dynamics F-16XL aircraft.

Bohn-Meyer was an accomplished Unlimited aerobatic pilot, and was twice a member of the United States Unlimited Aerobatic Team. She also served as Team Manager in 2005.
Bohn-Meyer died while practicing for the 2005 U.S. National Aerobatic Championships when the Giles 300 aerobatic aircraft she was piloting crashed in Yukon, Oklahoma, near the Clarence E. Page Municipal Airport. The cause of the crash was deemed to be from catastrophic failure of the front hinge of the canopy - which apparently incapacitated her and led to the crash.

Her husband was Robert R. Meyer, Jr., a project manager and flight test engineer at Dryden.

Bohn-Meyer was a 1979 graduate from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, N.Y. At that time she met her husband, Bob Meyer, during an internship at NASA. In addition to excelling in her aerospace career, Bohn-Meyer served as a role model to young girls interested in technical career fields. She could often be found in classrooms encouraging young women to explore career fields that have so long been dominated by men.

References

External links 
Biography from NASA
Official NASA press release
F-16XL interview with Marta Bohn-Meyer

1957 births
2005 deaths
Accidental deaths in Oklahoma
Aerobatic pilots
American women aviators
Aviators killed in aviation accidents or incidents in the United States
20th-century American engineers
20th-century American women engineers
Victims of aviation accidents or incidents in 2005
21st-century American women
SELEX. SELEX may refer to one of the following:

 Selex ES, previously Finmeccanica's defence and security electronics business, now merged into Leonardo-Finmeccanica (new name of Finmeccanica)
 SELEX Sistemi Integrati, previously Finmeccanica's civil and military radar company, which became part of Selex ES (in turn merged into Leonardo-Finmeccanica)
 SELEX Elsag, previously Finmeccanica's military and civil communications systems supplier, which became part of Selex ES (in turn merged into Leonardo-Finmeccanica)
 Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment, a molecular biology technique used in drug development
 SEgmented Large-X baryon spectrometer EXperiment, a Fermilab study
 Selex Competition, a former constructor of racing cars