omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Bourns College of Engineering. The Marlan and Rosemary Bourns College of Engineering, commonly known as 'Bourns Engineering' or 'BCOE', is a college of engineering at the University of California, Riverside. The college was established in 1989, and named in honor of Marlan and Rosemary Bourns, founders of Bourns, Inc. It is accredited by the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology.

Some of the research centers include the Center for Environmental Research & Technology, Winston Chung Global Energy Center, Center for Research and Education in Cyber Security and Privacy, and the Center for Research in Intelligent Systems.

Academics
The Bourns College of Engineering has five departments, four interdepartmental programs, and an online master's program. The college confers degrees in the following fields:

Bioengineering (B.S., M.S., Ph.D)
Chemical engineering (B.S., M.S., Ph.D.)
 Computer science (B.S., M.S., Ph.D.)
 Computer Science with Business Applications (B.S.)
 Computer engineering (B.S., M.S., Ph.D)
 Electrical engineering (B.S., M.S., Ph.D.)
 Environmental engineering (B.S., M.S., Ph.D.)
 Materials science and engineering (B.S., M.S., Ph.D.)
 Mechanical engineering (B.S., M.S., Ph.D.)
 Robotics (B.S., M.S.)

Research centers
 Center for Industrial Biotechnology
 Center for Advanced Neuroimaging
 The Bourns College of Engineering Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT)
 Center for Research and Education in Cyber Security and Privacy
 Center for Research in Intelligent Systems (CRIS)
 Phonon Optimized Engineering Materials 
 Ubiquitous Communication by Light Center (UC-Light)
 Winston Chung Global Energy Center

Professional student organizations

Diversity Organizations
 Bourns College of Engineering Students Leadership Council
 National Society of Black Engineers (NSBE)
 Society of Hispanic Professional Engineers (SHPE)
 Society of Women Engineers (SWE)

Professional Engineering Societies
 Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
 American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE)
 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
 Air and Waste Management Association (AWMA)
 Biomedical Engineering Society (BMES)
 Chemical and Environmental Engineering Graduate Student Association (CEEGSA)
 Computer Science Graduate Student Association (COMPGSA)
 Citrus Hack
 Engineers Without Borders (EWB)
 IEEE Electron Devices Society (EDS)
 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
 Mechanical Engineering Graduate Student Association (MEGSA)
 Materials Research Society (MRS)
 Optical Society of America (OSA)
 Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)
 Theta Tau

Honor Societies
 Tau Beta Pi (TBP) California Alpha Beta

See also
 List of University of California, Riverside people

References

External links
 UC Riverside Marlan and Rosemary Bourns College of Engineering

University of California, Riverside
Engineering universities and colleges in California
Engineering schools and colleges in the United States
Educational institutions established in 1989
1989 establishments in California
Science and technology in Greater Los Angeles
Executive Systems Problem Oriented Language. The Executive Systems Problem Oriented Language (ESPOL) is a programming language, a  superset of ALGOL 60, that provides abilities of what would later be termed a system programming language or  machine oriented high order language (mohol), such as interrupting a processor on a multiprocessing system (the Burroughs large systems were multiprocessor systems). ESPOL was used to write the Master Control Program (MCP) on Burroughs computer systems from the B5000 to the B6700. The single-pass compiler for ESPOL could compile over 250 lines per second.

ESPOL was superseded by NEWP in the early 1970s.

References
B5500 ESPOL Reference Manual, 1967
B6500 ESPOL Reference Manual, 1970
B6700/7700 ESPOL Reference Manual, 1972

ALGOL 60 implementation
ALGOL 60 dialect
Burroughs mainframe computers
Systems programming languages
Mainframe computer software
E.S.R., Inc.. E.S.R., Inc. was an American manufacturer of educational toys during the 1960s. The company’s founders included William H. Duerig and Irving J. Lieberman, both involved in missile research at Kearfott Guidance in New Jersey, and C. David Hogan, an engineering student at Stevens Institute of Technology (who happened to be renting a room from Duerig and his wife). Together the three brainstormed Lieberman’s concept for a simple mechanical computer, and showed a prototype at the annual Toy Fair in New York City.

With encouragement from toy buyers, the three engineers established E.S.R., Inc. in 1963 to produce and market their new toy, dubbed the Digi-Comp I, which has been referred to as the first home computer. According to Duerig, the initials "E.S.R." didn’t actually stand for anything. Originally the group had wanted to name their company Electronic Systems Research, but that name was already taken; an attorney suggested using just the initials. (Later product packaging fleshed out the name as “Education Science Research,” but officially the company remained E.S.R., doing business at 34 Label Street in Montclair, New Jersey.) 

Digi-Comp I became a best-selling toy, its sales passing 100,000 units within several years. Several other products followed, all supplied by outside inventors to be manufactured and marketed by E.S.R. John Godfrey, an engineer at General Electric in Schenectady, NY, brought his concepts for both Dr. Nim and Digi-Comp II to E.S.R.’s attention. Joseph Weisbecker, from RCA in Princeton, NJ, who designed games on the side, came up with the idea for Think-a-Dot. Both Lieberman and Duerig continued their careers at Kearfott through E.S.R.'s heyday. Dave Hogan, with expertise in plastic injection molding, played a pivotal role on the manufacturing side as the company's general manager. 

By the early 1970s, with the advent of electronic toys and calculators, E.S.R.'s sales were in steep decline. The company purchased the Long Island-based educational game publisher EduCards, and for several years continued operation under that name, until being bought out in turn in the mid-1970s.

References

Mechanical puzzles
Traditional toys
Plastic magnet. A plastic magnet is a non-metallic magnet made from an organic polymer.

Plastic magnets could be used in computer hardware such as disc drives, as well as in medical devices such as pacemakers and cochlear implants, where the organic material is more likely to be biocompatible than its metallic counterparts.

Examples

PANiCNQ 
PANiCNQ is plastic magnet made of a combination of emeraldine-based polyaniline (PANi), and tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ). It was created in 2004 at the University of Durham by Pakistan born scientist Naveed A. Zaidi and colleagues, and it was the first magnetic polymer to function at room temperature.
PANi is a conductive polymer that is stable in air. When combined with the free radical-forming TCNQ as an acceptor molecule, it can mimic the mechanism of metallic magnets. The magnetic properties arise from the fully pi-conjugated nitrogen-containing backbone combined with molecular charge transfer side groups. These properties cause the molecule to have a high density of localized spins that can give rise to coupling of their magnetic fields. When this polymer magnet is synthesized, the polymer chains need 3 months to line up before displaying any notable magnetism.

Light-tunable magnet 
In February 2002, researchers from Ohio State University & University of Utah developed the world's first light-tunable plastic magnet. The plastic material became 1.5 times more magnetic when blue light was shined on it. Green laser light reversed the effect somewhat by decreasing the material's magnetism to 60 percent of its normal level. The plastic magnet was made from a polymer made of tetracyanoethylene (TCNE) combined with manganese (Mn) ions – atoms of the metal manganese with electrons removed. The magnet functioned up to a temperature of .

References

Works cited 
 
 

2002 in science
2004 in science
21st-century inventions
Plastics applications
Polymer material properties
Types of magnets
Elevator (disambiguation). An elevator (also called a lift) is a device for the vertical movement of goods or people, typically within a building.

It may also refer to:

Movement of things

Elevators (drilling rig), a device used for lifting the drill string on a drilling rig
Elevator (aeronautics), a control surface of an airplane used to control its attitude in pitch
Grain elevator, a structure for storing grain safely above ground level
Elevator (dental), a tool used in dental extractions to loosen teeth
Boat lift, sometimes called a boat elevator
Canal inclined plane, sometimes called a canal elevator
Bucket elevator, also called a grain leg, a mechanism for hauling flowable bulk materials vertically
Surgical elevator, a tool for positioning bones or tissue.

Music
Elevator (band), a Canadian band
Elevator (The Rollers album), 1979
Elevator (Hot Hot Heat album), 2005
Elevator, a 1999 album by Titan
Elevator, a 2007 album by Room 2012
Elevator (EP), released in 2001 by Epicure
"Elevator" (Eminem song), 2009
"Elevator" (Flo Rida song), 2008
"Elevators (Me & You)", a 1996 song by OutKast from their album ATLiens
"Elevator", a song by Burning Brides from their 2001 album Fall of the Plastic Empire
"Elevator", a song by Box Car Racer from the 2001 album Box Car Racer
"Elevator", a song by David Archuleta from the album The Other Side of Down
"Elevator", a song by the Pussycat Dolls from their 2008 album Doll Domination
"Elevator", a song by Hawk Nelson from their 2013 album Made
"Elevator", a song by Edan Lui
"The Elevator", a song by Lizzy McAlpine from her 2024 album Older
"Elevators", a song by Gabi DeMartino from Paintings of Me

Film and television
 The Elevator (1974 film), a film directed by Jerry Jameson
 The Elevator (1996 film), an American anthology comedy-drama film
 "The Elevator" (The Twilight Zone), a 1986 television episode
 "Elevator (Space Ghost Coast to Coast)", an episode of Space Ghost Coast to Coast
 Elevator (1995 film), a 1995 Iranian film
 The Elevator, a 2001 film featuring Greg Lauren
 Elevator (2008 film), an independent 2008 Romanian film
 Elevator (2011 film), a film directed by Stig Svendsen
 Elevator (2024 film), a Filipino film directed by Philip King featuring Paulo Avelino and Kylie Verzosa

Other uses
The Elevator (newspaper), a historic Black owned newspaper based in San Francisco
The Elevator, a 1993 collection of stories by William Sleator
Elevators (computer game), computer game included in 1982 Beagle Bag package 
Elevator Gallery, an art venue in east London
Elevator Competition, an event for MBA students put on by the Babcock Graduate School of Management
Elevator, a type of gag bit for horses
The bar or thumb on a scrollbar in computing

See also

Elevation (disambiguation)
Elevator music
Elevator paradox
Elevator pitch
Elevator shoe
Elevator algorithm
Space elevator
Ikarus Aero 2. The Ikarus Aero 2 was a piston-engined military trainer aircraft built in Yugoslavia in the years following World War II, although the design pre-dated the war.

Design and development
The Ikarus Aero-2 was developed as a replacement for the Zmaj Fizir FN, which had been the most commonly used training aircraft of the Yugoslav Royal Air Force up until 1941. The Ikarus Aero-2 was designed by Boris Cijan and Đorđe Petković. Also at same time, was started project on two different aircraft, low-wing Ikarus MM-2 for advanced train and low-wing Rogožarski Brucoš for basic train. First flight test was made on April 20, 1940 and test pilot was Vasilije Stojanovic. 248 plane were eventually built, serving from 1948 to 1959 (380 built according to.

Powerplant was to be the de Havilland Gipsy Major because of its successful use in similar trainer aircraft built in other countries. The Aero 2 was a low-wing monoplane that seated the student and instructor in tandem, open cockpits (although later versions added a canopy to enclose them). Undercarriage was fixed and used a tailskid.

Variants
Aero 2B
 Open cockpit version with a 145hp (108kW) de Havilland Gipsy Major engine.
Aero 2BE
 Enclosed cockpit version with a 145hp (108kW) de Havilland Gipsy Major engine.
Aero 2C
 Open cockpit version with a 160hp (119kW) Walter Minor 6-III engine.
Aero 2D
 Enclosed cockpit version with a 160hp (119kW) Walter Minor 6-III engine.
Aero 2E
 Enclosed cockpit version with a 160hp (119kW) Walter Minor 6-III engine.
Aero 2F
 Open cockpit version with a 160hp (119kW) Walter Minor 6-III engine.
Aero 2H
 Twin-float version with a 160hp (119kW) Walter Minor 6-III engine.

Operators

Yugoslavian Air Force
1st Training Aviation Regiment (1945–1948)
3rd Training Aviation Regiment (1946–1948)
103rd Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment (1949–1951)
105th Training Aviation Regiment (1948−1949, 1951−1959)
267th Aviation Regiment of School of Reserve Officers (1951–1953)
122nd Hydroplane Liaison Squadron (1949–1959)
Training Squadron of 29th Aviation Division (1953–1961)
Training Squadron of 39th Aviation Division (1956–1959)
Training Squadron of 44th Aviation Division (1956–1961)
Liaison Squadron of 7th Aviation Corps (1953–1956)
Letalski center Maribor

Specifications (2B)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links

Photos and drawings at Ugolok Neba

Ikarus aircraft
1940s Yugoslav military trainer aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1940
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Helicopter bucket. A helicopter bucket or helibucket is a specialized bucket suspended on a cable carried by a helicopter to deliver water for aerial firefighting. The design of the buckets allows the helicopter to hover over a water source—such as a lake, river, pond, or tank—and lower the bucket into the water to refill it. This allows the helicopter crew to operate the bucket in remote locations without the need to return to a permanent operating base, reducing the time between successive drops.

Each bucket has a release valve on the bottom which is controlled by the helicopter crew. When the helicopter is in position, the crew releases the water to extinguish or suppress the fire below. Each release of the water is referred to as a drop.

Design

Buckets can be collapsible or rigid and vary in capacity from . The size of each bucket is determined by the lifting capacity of the helicopter required to utilise each version. Some buckets can include fire retardant foam or the ability to pump water from the bucket into an internal tank. Smaller collapsible buckets can use water sources as shallow as . Worldwide, the term monsoon bucket is widely used and accepted as a generic term. In the United States, this type of bucket is officially referred to as a helibucket. The trademarked Bambi Bucket is also commonly used informally by firefighting crews to describe buckets developed by other manufacturers.

Variants 
A number of companies produce buckets, including A-Flex Technology, SEI Industries, IMSNZ Ltd., Absolute Fire Solutions, Rural Fire Service, and Aerial Fire Control Pty. Kawak Aviation Technologies,

See also
 Helicopter rescue basket
 Helitack — helicopter-delivered fire resources
 Cargo hook (helicopter)

References

External links

Aerial firefighting helicopters
Wildfire suppression equipment
Aerial firefighting
Helicopter equipment
UTVA Aero 3. The UTVA Aero 3 was a piston-engined military trainer aircraft built in Yugoslavia to replace the Ikarus Aero 2 then in service. One hundred ten were built, in Yugoslav Air Force service from 1958 to mid-1970s. It was superseded by the UTVA 75.

Design and development
First flown in 1956, the Aero 3 was designed to meet a Yugoslav Air Force requirement for a primary trainer that could also be used in the army co-operation role.

The Aero 3 was a low-wing cantilever monoplane that seated the student and instructor in tandem under a bubble canopy. Of all wood construction, it had a fixed, tailwheel landing gear and was powered by a nose-mounted 190 hp (142 kW) Lycoming O-435-A piston engine.

Former military operators
 
 Yugoslav Air Force
Aviation Technical Group of Aviation Training School (1958–1960)
Light Combat Aviation Squadron of 3rd Air Command (1959-1961)
Light Combat Aviation Squadron of 5th Air Command (1959-1961)
Light Combat Aviation Squadron of 7th Air Command (1959-1961)
463rd Light Combat Aviation Squadron (1961-1965)
464th Light Combat Aviation Squadron (1961-1965)
465th Light Combat Aviation Squadron (1961-1965)
Letalski center Maribor (Civil operator 1961-2011)

Aircraft on display
Serbia
 Museum of Aviation (Belgrade) in Belgrade
A UTVA Aero 3 prototype and UTVa Aero 3 are on display

Specifications

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links

Photos and drawings at Ugolok Neba

Aero 3
1950s Yugoslav military trainer aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1956
Morphic (software). Morphic is an interface construction environment which uses graphical objects called "Morphs" for simplified GUI-building which allow for flexibility and dynamism. It was originally created for Self, but later, was ported to other programming languages like Squeak, JavaScript, Python, and Objective-C.

History
Morphic was originally developed by Randy Smith and John Maloney for the Self programming language.

Usage
Morphic is used in Lively Kernel, a web programming environment under MIT License (originally developed by Sun Microsystems) which is written in JavaScript and HTML5 / Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG). On a higher abstraction level Morphic is also used in the enterprise performance management toolkit of doCOUNT, based on Ruby on Rails. In order to serve as basis for the Snap! (formerly BYOB), a Morphic environment called Morphic.js was written in JavaScript by Jens Mönig using only the HTML5 Canvas APIs. Morphic is the basis for the standard user interface of Squeak and Pharo Smalltalk.

References

External links 

User interface builders
Smalltalk programming language family
Russell Noftsker. Russell Noftsker is an American entrepreneur who founded Symbolics, a computer company, and was its first chairman and president.

Biography 
Russell Noftsker was born February 1942 and graduated high school in Carlsbad, New Mexico. Noftsker earned a degree in engineering from New Mexico State University and was hired in 1965 by Marvin Minsky as the administrator of the Project MAC AI Group, later to become the AI Lab, replacing Dan Edwards, who had recently left that post.

Lisp machines and Symbolics 

Noftsker left the Lab in 1973, but would later return to the Lab. Noftsker and Greenblatt working together with the team of Lisp Machine developers to commercialize the technology. Differences over business strategy and direction split the group from Greenblatt in February 1979. A year later Noftsker and the rest of that group formed Symbolics Inc. with Robert Adams taking on the role of president and chairman.

Noftsker and the then CEO Brian Sear were forced out of Symbolics completely by the board in early 1988 after an internal battle over lowering prices. Noftsker had already been forced to resign as president for 2 months in April 1984 by the board and again in late 1986, retained as chairman & CEO the first time then as Chairman the second.

In 1995 at the invitation of Symbolics customer, Steve Gander of Princeton Capital, Noftsker joined a group which bought the assets of Symbolics out of bankruptcy.

See also
 Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution

References

External links 
  "If It Works, It's Not AI: A Commercial Look at Artificial Intelligence startups"

Living people
American computer businesspeople
Lisp (programming language) people
1942 births
Cryptanalytic computer. A cryptanalytic computer is a computer designed to be used for cryptanalysis, which nowadays involves massive statistical analysis and multiple trial decryptions that since before World War II  are possible only with automated equipment.  Polish cryptanalysts designed and built automated aids in their work on Enigma traffic. Arguably, the first modern computer (digital, electronic, and somewhat programmable) was built for cryptanalytic work at Bletchley Park (the Colossus) during the war. More modern computers were important after World War II, and some machines (like the Cray-1) are reported to have had machine instructions hardwired in at the request of NSA.

Computers continue to be important in cryptanalysis well into the 21st century. NSA, in fact, is said to have the largest number of installed computers on the planet. Whether this is true in an age of Google computer farms and such is doubtful but remains publicly unknown.

See also 
 Bomba (cryptography)
 Bombe
 Colossus computer
 Deep crack
 FROSTBURG
 IBM 7950 Harvest

References 

Cryptographic attacks
Bidirectional texture function. Bidirectional texture function (BTF)  is a 6-dimensional function depending on planar texture coordinates (x,y) as well as on view and illumination spherical angles. In practice this function is obtained as a set of several thousand color images of material sample taken during different camera and light positions.

The BTF is a representation of the appearance of texture as a function of viewing and illumination direction. It is an image-based representation, since the geometry of the surface is unknown and not measured. BTF is typically captured by imaging the surface at a sampling of the hemisphere of  possible viewing and illumination directions. BTF measurements are collections of images. The term BTF was first introduced in  and similar terms have since been introduced including BSSRDF and SBRDF (spatial BRDF). SBRDF has a very similar definition to BTF, i.e. BTF is also a spatially varying BRDF.

To cope with a massive BTF data with high redundancy, many compression methods were proposed.

Application of the BTF  is in photorealistic material rendering of objects in virtual reality systems and for visual scene analysis, e.g., recognition of complex real-world materials using bidirectional feature histograms or 3D textons.

Biomedical and biometric applications of the BTF include recognition of skin texture.

See also

BSDF == BRDF + BTDF, a 4+1 dimensional function of the scattering distribution from a single point/pixel/vertex.
Columbia Utrecht Reflectance and Texture Database 
BTF Database Bonn and Measurement Lab
CVPR 2010 BTF Modeling Tutorial
BTFbase - BTF compression based on a multi-level vector quantization (free BTF shader)
UTIA BTF Database - a new source of publicly available bidirectional texture function measurements

References

3D rendering