omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Oscillon. In physics, an oscillon is a soliton-like phenomenon that occurs in granular and other dissipative media. Oscillons in granular media result from vertically vibrating a plate with a layer of uniform particles placed freely on top. When the sinusoidal vibrations are of the correct amplitude and frequency and the layer of sufficient thickness, a localized wave, referred to as an oscillon, can be formed by locally disturbing the particles. This meta-stable state will remain for a long time (many hundreds of thousands of oscillations) in the absence of further perturbation. An oscillon changes form with each collision of the grain layer and the plate, switching between a peak that projects above the grain layer to a crater like depression with a small rim. This self-sustaining state was named by analogy with the soliton, which is a localized wave that maintains its integrity as it moves. Whereas solitons occur as travelling waves in a fluid or as electromagnetic waves in a waveguide, oscillons may be stationary.

Oscillons of opposite phase will attract over short distances and form 'bonded' pairs. Oscillons of like phase repel. Oscillons have been observed forming 'molecule' like structures and long chains.  In comparison, solitons do not form bound states.
 
Stable interacting localized waves with subharmonic response were discovered and named oscillons at The University of Texas at Austin. Solitary bursts had been reported earlier in a quasi-two-dimensional grain layer at the University of Paris, but these transient events were unstable and no bonding interaction or subharmonic response was reported.

The cause of this phenomenon is currently under debate; the most likely connection is with the mathematical theory of chaos and may give insights into the way patterns in sand form.

The experimental procedure is similar to that used to form  Chladni figures of sand on a vibrating plate. Researchers realized that these figures say more about the vibrational modes of the plate than the response of the sand and created an experimental set-up that minimized outside effects, using a shallow layer of brass balls in a vacuum and a rigid plate . When they vibrated the plate at critical amplitude, they found that the balls formed a localized vibrating structure when perturbed which lasted indefinitely.

Oscillons have also been experimentally observed in thin parametrically vibrated layers of viscous fluid and colloidal suspensions.  Oscillons have been associated with Faraday waves because they require similar resonance conditions.

Nonlinear electrostatic oscillations on a plasma boundary can also appear in the form of oscillons. This was discovered in 1989.

See also
Cymatics

References

Further reading
 Philip Ball (1999), The Self-Made Tapestry: Pattern Formation in Nature, Oxford University Press.

Chaos theory
Solitons
Greenock rail crash. On 25 June 1994, the 22:45 from Wemyss Bay to Glasgow, in Scotland, derailed and smashed into a bridge after hitting concrete blocks placed deliberately on the railway by vandals outside of where Drumfrochar railway station would be opened 4 years later.

The train involved was a refurbished Class 303 Electric Multiple Unit.  The concrete blocks were cable-trough covers, which were placed across the rails of the single-track line by two vandals who had climbed down to the railway to urinate on their way home.  The railway at this point is on a curve, going to the right as the train was travelling.  

The leading bogie of the EMU derailed and the train immediately collided with the solid structure of the overbridge, crushing the driver's cab, killing driver Arthur McKee, 35, and also killing passenger Alan Nicol, 21, who was seated immediately behind the cab, with his back to the partition.  Alan Nicol had taken this location to reduce the risk of injury from broken glass should the train be stoned by vandals, which was a common occurrence in that area. Including the two trainstaff, the train was carrying six people.

Following the tragedy, many youths in the surrounding area were questioned by police regarding the incident. After a trial by the High Court, Gary Dougan and Craig Houston, two 17-year-olds from Greenock were each imprisoned for 15 years for culpable homicide. Dougan and Houston launched an appeal against their convictions two years later. In September 1996, the Court of Appeal in Edinburgh upheld both convictions.

References

Sources

Derailments in Scotland
Transport in Inverclyde
Railway accidents in 1994
1994 in Scotland
Greenock
Accidents and incidents involving Strathclyde Partnership for Transport
June 1994 in the United Kingdom

Train wrecks caused by sabotage
1994 crimes in the United Kingdom
July 1994 crimes
Ab Initio Software. Ab Initio Software is an American software corporation based in Lexington, Massachusetts. The company specializes in develops software for  managing information processing systems. It was founded in 1995 by the former CEO of Thinking Machines Corporation, Sheryl Handler, and several other former employees after the bankruptcy of that company.

References

External links
 Official site

Data warehousing products
Development software companies
Extract, transform, load tools
Companies based in Lexington, Massachusetts
Mohr Rocket. The Mohr Rocket was a sounding rocket developed by Ernst Mohr in Wuppertal, Germany.

It was a single stage solid fuel rocket with:
a length of 1.7 metres, 
a total mass of 150 kg (75 kg propellant), 
a lift-off thrust of 76.5 kN and a diameter of 0.3 m.
a payload, which could weigh up to 5 kg (this was stored in a dart with a mass of 15 kg, a maximum diameter of 5.6 centimetres and a length of 1.25 metres.)

The burn time of the engine was 2 seconds. After the burnout of the engine the dart was separated from the rocket. Dart and rocket had a altitude of 1200 m and a speed of 1200 m/s when separated after burnout. The dart flew without further propulsion up to a height of 50 kilometres, because of its good aerodynamic design, while the rocket, which was not so well designed aerodynamically, reached a lesser height and fell to the ground near the launchpad.

The first launch attempt was planned on August 24, 1957, near Cuxhaven, but cancelled because of bad weather. On June 8, 1958, the first launch attempts were made, but failed, because two rockets hung on the launcher and the third was unstable in flight.
The next launch attempt of three further rockets on September 14, 1958, was successful. The rockets reached the desired height of 50 km.

See also

 Rocket experiments in the area of Cuxhaven

References

External links
 https://web.archive.org/web/20171108000000/http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/mohocket.htm

Sounding rockets of Germany
Zeltweg Air Base. Zeltweg Air Base, now known as Fliegerhorst Hinterstoisser, is a military airfield in Styria, Austria near Zeltweg. It is the main airfield of the Austrian Air Force. It was also used as a motor racing circuit in the 1960s.

History
Zeltweg Air Base has been home to 2.Staffel / Überwachungsgeschwader (Surveillance Wing) since 1976, operating a variety of fast-jet types including Saab 35OE Draaken until 2005, Northrop F-5E Tiger II, and Eurofighter Typhoons since 2007.

It is also a base for training aircraft, such as the Saab 91 Safir (retired 1992), the Pilatus PC-7 (12 in service, since 1984) and the Diamond DA 40NG (4, since 2018).

AirPower air show
Since 1997, the AirPower show is held at Zeltweg. The 2003 and 2005 editions featured Red Bull Air Race events. The show was held in 1997, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2016 and 2019. It is scheduled to be held again in 2022.

Franz Hinterstoisser, for whom the air base is now named, was an early pioneer of Austrian aviation (1863-1933).

Zeltweg Military Aviation Museum
Hangar 8 of Hinterstoisser Air Base is home to the "Zeltweg Military Aviation Museum" (Militärluftfahrtmuseum Zeltweg), a branch of the Vienna Museum of Military History (Heeresgeschichtliches Museum). The collection includes over 25 historic aircraft, and associated military equipment.

Aircraft on display include;
 Aérospatiale Alouette III helicopter
 Agusta-Bell 204 helicopter
 De Havilland DH.115 Vampire
 Fouga CM.170 Magister
 Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21R (Yugoslav AF)
 Saab J29F
 Saab 35OE Draken
 Saab 105 jet trainer
 Short SC.7 Skyvan
 Yakovlev Yak-18 - the first aircraft to enter service with the Austrian Armed Forces of the Second Republic

Motorsports

Built in 1957 in Styria, the idea for the track came from the United Kingdom's success at Silverstone Circuit, also built on the site of an airfield. However, the track engineers at Zeltweg failed to take into account the abrasive nature of the surface. A lone Formula One World Championship Grand Prix was held in 1964. The World Sportscar Championship Zeltweg 500 Kilometres was held later, until the track was abandoned in 1969 following the construction of the purpose-built Österreichring nearby at Kattigar.

Lap records
The Formula 1 lap record on the Zeltweg Airfield circuit is 1:10.560 by Dan Gurney in a Brabham BT7, while the overall lap record is 1:04.820 and was set by Jo Siffert in a Porsche 908 during the 1968 Zeltweg 500 Kilometres. The fastest official race lap records at the Zeltweg Air Base are listed as:

Notes

References

Austrian Grand Prix
Formula One circuits
Motorsport venues in Styria
Sports venues in Styria
Austrian Air Force airbases
Massively parallel quantum chemistry. Massively Parallel Quantum Chemistry (MPQC) is an ab initio computational chemistry software program. Three features distinguish it from other quantum chemistry programs such as Gaussian and GAMESS: it is open-source, has an object-oriented design, and is created from the beginning as a parallel processing program. It is available in Ubuntu and Debian.

MPQC provides implementations for a number of important methods for calculating electronic structure, including Hartree–Fock, Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (including its explicitly correlated linear R12 versions), and density functional theory.

See also

 List of quantum chemistry and solid state physics software

References

External links
 MPQC Homepage

Computational chemistry software
Free software programmed in C++
Free chemistry software
Chemistry software for Linux
Apulet. An apulet is a component of the Cell computer architecture consisting of a bundle comprising a data object and the code necessary to perform an action upon it.  The Cell architecture calls for several APUs (Attached Processing Units) which do the primary processing of the system, under the control of a single Processing Element (PE).  Each APU is loaded with its apulet by the PE and can pass its results to the next APU.

See also
Core Multiplexing Technology
CPGA
BINAC

References 

Cell BE architecture
Wireless Telegraphy Acts. Wireless Telegraphy Act is (with its variations) a stock short title used for legislation in the Republic of Ireland, South Africa and the United Kingdom relating to wireless telegraphy.

The Wireless Telegraphy Acts are laws regulating radio communications in the United Kingdom.

Wireless telegraphy as a concept is defined in British law as "the sending of electro-magnetic energy over paths not provided by a material substance."

The term telegraphy, although best known in relation to the electric telegraph, relates to the sending of messages over long-distances. Wireless telegraphy is differentiated from electrical telegraphy in that the messages are transmitted via electromagnetic means (light or radio) rather than via a physical electrical cable connection.

The current (2018) supervisor of the UK's electromagnetic spectrum is the communications regulator, Ofcom.

List

Cape Colony (South Africa)
The Electric Telegraphs Amendment Act 1902 (required wireless masts to be licensed)

Ireland
The Wireless Telegraphy Act 1904 and 1906 (pre-independence acts repealed in 1926)
The Wireless Telegraphy Act 1926  (the principal Act)
The Wireless Telegraphy Act 1956   (concerned with use of radios in vehicles)
The Broadcasting Authority Act 1960  (established RTÉ and makes amendments to the 1926 Act in relation to television and interference)
The Broadcasting offences Act 1968  (banned offshore pirate radio stations-none of which existed at the time)
The Wireless Telegraphy Act 1972  (concerned mainly with TV receiver licensing)
The Broadcasting Authority (Amendment) Act 1976  (amendments concerning cable TV)
The Broadcasting And Wireless Telegraphy Act 1988  (concerned mainly with unlicensed broadcasting)
The Broadcasting Act 1990  (amendments concerning cable TV and unauthorised decoding or interception of broadcast services)
The Broadcasting Act 2009

United Kingdom

 The  (subsequently repealed)

 The  (subsequently repealed)

 The  (subsequently repealed)

 The  (subsequently repealed)

 The  (subsequently repealed)

 The  (subsequently repealed)

 The 

 The Marine, &c., Broadcasting (Offences) Act 1967 (banned offshore pirate radio stations, subsequently repealed)

The  (subsequently repealed)

The Telecommunications Act 1984 (made amendments to the 1949 act)

The Broadcasting Act 1990 (made extensive amendments to the 1949 and 1967 acts)

The Broadcasting Act 1996

The  (introduced spectrum pricing)

The Office of Communications Act 2002 (created Ofcom)

The Communications Act 2003 (provided for new activities relating to spectrum pricing)

The Wireless Telegraphy Act 2006

See also
List of short titles

Lists of legislation by short title
Laws in the United Kingdom
Radio in the United Kingdom
Telecommunications in the United Kingdom
Telecommunications law
Telegraphy
Engineering Exports Promotion Council. EEPC India is the trade and investment promotion organization for the engineering sector that sponsored by the Ministry of Commerce & Industry. Set up in 1955, EEPC India now has a membership base of over 12,000 out of whom 60% are SMEs.

As an advisory body it actively contributes to the policies of the Government of India and acts as an interface between the engineering industry and the Government.

EEPC India organizes promotional activities such as buyer-seller meets (BSM) – both in India and abroad, overseas trade fairs/exhibitions, and India pavilion/information booths in selected overseas exhibitions.  EEPC sponsors the India Engineering Exhibition (INDEE).

EEPC India facilitates sourcing from India and boosts the SMEs to raise their standard at par with the international best practices. It also encourages the SMEs to integrate their business to the global value chain.

EEPC India organizes India Engineering Sourcing Show (IESS), This is recognized as the only sourcing event in India – showcasing technology and providing a meeting place for global buyers and  sellers. 

EEPC India publishes several reports/studies on the international trends and opportunities.

EEPC India aims to raise $900 billion with the implementation of New Foreign Trade Policy (2015–2020).

EEPC India started a monthly magazine named "ie2" on 10 November 2006 by Shri Nirupam Sen, Minister of Industries, Government of West Bengal. It covers current trends of the global economy, international trade and the Indian Economy. It also has Success Stories from exporters.

The association has signed an MoU with state-owned Punjab National Bank for loans, and advisory supports to its members.

EEPC in India has opened two technology centres in Bangalore and Calcutta and conducts regular programmes on technology developments and modules.

References 

Trade associations based in India
Export promotion agencies of India
Project Blinkenlights. Project Blinkenlights was a light installation in the Haus des Lehrers building at the Alexanderplatz in Berlin that transformed the building front into a giant low-resolution monochrome computer screen. The installation was created by the German Chaos Computer Club (CCC) and went online on 11 September 2001 as a celebration of the club's 20th birthday. Some novel uses of the screen are for people to call a number and play Pong via mobile phone or display animations sent in by the public.

Similar installations were created by the CCC for the Bibliothèque nationale de France in Paris in 2002 (called Arcade) and for two towers of the City Hall in Toronto (called Stereoscope). Both installations feature higher resolutions and eight shades of grey.

Similar monochrome and color displays have been done on MIT's Green Building since at least 1993, when the building's 9x17 array of windows displayed a monochrome VU meter for the traditional Fourth of July concert of the Boston Pops orchestra. More recent displays have been in color.

The electrical engineering and computer science students of the Budapest University of Technology and Economics turn their Schönherz Dormitory into a giant display ("the Matrix") at their annual Schönherz Cup competition, where amongst others, teams compete to create the most interesting and funny animations.

A similar display, featuring three colours, is annually created by students of Wrocław University of Technology and the University of Bordeaux, who have released open-source software to create interactive architectural displays.

Independently, an installation displaying the message "" (German for "FINISHED") was shown at the completion of the Elbphilharmonie in Hamburg in 2016.

In August 2023 a new Installation was shown on the CCCamp in Mildenberg. It was called Polychrome and used RGBw LED which have been calibrated as Tim Pritlove shown in a Talk about the Project on Aug. 16.

The term "blinkenlights" originates in hacker humor. One of the CCC installations is depicted in the Golden Boy and Miss Kittin video for their song "Rippin Kittin".

References

External links

 
 Video of a winning Schönherz animation and homepage of the Schönherz Blinkenlights

Installation art works
Class 57. Class 57 may refer to:
 British Rail Class 57
 DRG Class 57, a German goods locomotive class with a 0-10-0 wheel  arrangement operated by the Deutsche Reichsbahn and comprising the:
 Class 57.0: Saxon XI V
 Class 57.0II: BBÖ 180, PKP-Class Tw11
 Class 57.1: Saxon XI H
 Class 57.1–5II: BBÖ 80, PKP-Class Tw12, JDŽ 28
 Class 57.2: Saxon XI HV
 Class 57.3: Württemberg H
 Class 57.4: Württemberg Hh
 Class 57.5: Bavarian G 5/5
 Class 57.6: BBÖ 480
 Class 57.7: ČSD Class 524.2
 Class 57.8: JDŽ 134
 Class 57.9: PH I
 Class 57.10–35: Prussian G 10
Mental Engineering. Mental Engineering was a public television series where show creator and host John Forde leads a panel discussion featuring critical and humorous analysis of TV commercials.  The show originated as a public-access television cable TV program on the Saint Paul Neighborhood Network (SPNN) in St. Paul, Minnesota in 1997.

Notable guests
Nationally-known comedians and satirists frequently appeared as panelists.  Past guests include Al Franken, Lizz Winstead, Sam Simon, Greg Proops, Louis C.K., Paula Poundstone, Merrill Markoe, Naomi Klein, and Jeff Cesario.

History
Forde started Mental Engineering in 1998 on cable access in St. Paul.
Mental Engineering is considered by some sources to be the first public-access television show to air nationally.  By September 2001, the program was airing on various public TV outlets including WGBH in Boston and WNET in New York City.

In 2002, the episode Super Commercials: A Mental Engineering Special followed Super Bowl XXXVI featured guest personalities Aisha Tyler and Lizz Winstead along with other guests from Minnesota.

By the end of 2008 140 episodes had been produced.

Reviews and recognition
The series received positive reviews from several news outlets, including the New York Times, which called it "brilliant."   Bill Moyers called it "the most interesting weekly half hour of social commentary and criticism on television," and PBS host Charlie Rose interviewed Forde on the ‘Charlie Rose’ show.

Funding History
As underwriters fund public broadcasting shows and are recognized in the show credits, ARNAN.com was the show's first carded underwriter when production moved to KTCA.  Early funding assistance came from the Lutheran Brotherhood, a fortune 500 non-profit life insurance company that is now part of Thrivent Financial, and from PBS.  Seeking broader funding, the show suspended production for 2003-2004, and returned to public TV in 2005.

Similar concepts
Two somewhat similar television shows aired on public TV stations in the 1960s: Public Broadcast Laboratory and Your Dollar's Worth, both sponsored by the Ford Foundation. 

The Gruen Transfer, a similar program deconstructing advertisements, was launched by the Australian public television network in 2008. The show is currently being marketed by Fox Look under the name "The Big Sell".

See also
Super Bowl Advertising

References

Sources

External links
Mental Engineering official website
 

PBS original programming
Television in Minnesota
2000s American television series
American television commercials
American public access television shows
Construx. Construx is a brand of plastic building toys introduced by Fisher-Price in 1983. Unlike other building toys such as Lego, Construx feature beam-like pieces of varying lengths that snapped on to cubical connector knots in order to build large shapes. These are relatively secure even though no nuts or bolts were used. Panels allowed assembly of flat surfaces. Hinges, motors, wheels, and other movable parts expand the number of different shapes that can be built, and make moving creations possible. Construx was discontinued in 1988, briefly revived by Mattel in 1997, and then discontinued again. Mattel resurrected the Construx name as Mega Construx in 2017 (see Mega Bloks).

For a short time near the end of the Fisher Price run, a version targeted at younger children was released called Basix Construx. It used bright primary colors and did not contain the more complex pieces such as axles and pulleys. This version as well as the other boxes released in the 1997 revival included several new pieces.

External links
Construx at This Old Toy
Construxion.tripod.com
Various things built with Construx
Unofficial Facebook Fan Page

Construction toys
Fisher-Price
1980s toys
1990s toys
2010s toys
Coaming. Coaming is any vertical surface on a ship designed to deflect or prevent entry of water.  It usually consists of a raised section of deck plating around an opening, such as a cargo hatch. Coamings also provide a frame onto which to fit a hatch cover.

The protective metal sheeting or plating protecting against water entry into ventilation shafts in large ships is called a coaming as it fulfills the same water-deflection purpose. 

The term was borrowed by the aviation industry to refer to a low rim around the opening for an unenclosed cockpit. 

The origin of the term is unknown.

Coaming also refers to the raised structure around the cockpit of a kayak.

References

External links

 Code of Federal Regulations, Title 46

Watercraft components