omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Engineer Services Regiment. The Corps of Engineer Services (CES) a regiment of the Sri Lanka Army. The role of the Corps of Engineer Services is to design, construct and maintain all buildings, roads and associated facilities such as electricity, water supply and drainage systems used by the Sri Lanka Army, Apart from this, the Regiment is also responsible for the installation, maintenance and repair of all types of generators, water pumps, sewer pumps, desalination plants and other electrical appliances. It is made up of 6 regular units and 9 volunteer (reserve) units and is headquartered at its Regiment Center at the Panagoda Cantonment, Panagoda.

History
The role of the early Works Section was to maintain Army buildings and the Panagoda Cantonment when it was completed. The beginning was made in January 1950 when the first regular officer Capt M.L.D.A Perera was commissioned to fill the vacancy of the Garrison Engineer who was shortly due for additional training at the Royal School of Military Engineering. The Panagoda Cantonment was at this stage being planned by the Public Works Department and it became the first task of this officer to follow this work, and at the same time liaise with the civil government departments in all matters pertaining to the land and buildings required by the Army. Soon the Works Squadron undertook all maintenance services and minor additions to the building of the three services.

The Works Services of the Ceylon Engineers was formed as a unit in 1958 and Lt. Col M.L.D.A Perera was appointed the first Commanding Officer of the unit.

In 1991 the Works Services of the Ceylon Engineers separated from the Sri Lanka Engineers and was redesigned as the Engineer Services Regiment.

Units

Regular Army
1st Engineer Service Regiment
2nd Engineer Service Regiment
3rd Engineer Service Regiment
5th Engineer Service Regiment
11th Engineer Service Regiment
16th Engineer Service Regiment
17th Engineer Service Regiment

Volunteers
4th(v) Engineer Service Regiment (Formed on 21 August 1996)
6th(v) Engineer Service Regiment (Formed on 6 June 2006)
7th(v) Engineer Service Regiment (Formed on 17 July 2006)
8th(v) Engineer Service Regiment (Formed on 24 April 2006)
9th(v) Engineer Service Regiment (Formed on 1 November 2008)
10th(v) Engineer Service Regiment (Formed on 2 April 2009)
12th(v) Engineer Service Regiment (Formed on 10 October 2010)
14th(v) Engineer Service Regiment (Formed on 10 February 2010)
15th(v) Engineer Service Regiment (Formed on 19 August 2009)

Training Centers
Engineer Service Trade School
 
 Engineer Service Central Workshop

Order of precedence

See also
 Sri Lanka Army

References

External links
 Sri Lanka Army
 Engineer Services Regiment

E
Engineer regiments
15 cm Kanone 18. The 15 cm Kanone 18 (15 cm K 18) was a German heavy gun used in the Second World War.

Design and history 
In 1933 Rheinmetall began development of a new artillery piece to fulfill a German Army requirement for a replacement of the aged 15 cm Kanone 16, with the first production units received in 1938. There was not much of an improvement over the older gun as it weighed two tons more than the K 16, but only had  more range. The army was happy with the range, but not with the carriage. There was a special transport carriage for just the gun when traveling long distances. Putting it on its turntable took even more time to assemble. The rate of fire was at best two rounds per minute.

Around a hundred were built between 1939 and 1943. It was not popular in service as it was regarded as too much gun for too little shell. This caused its production to be terminated in August 1943. Many were used in coastal installations.

See also 
 152 mm gun M1935 (Br-2) – Soviet World War II equivalent
 155 mm Long Tom – American World War II equivalent

Notes

References 
 Engelmann, Joachim and Scheibert, Horst. Deutsche Artillerie 1934–1945: Eine Dokumentation in Text, Skizzen und Bildern: Ausrüstung, Gliederung, Ausbildung, Führung, Einsatz. Limburg/Lahn, Germany: C. A. Starke, 1974
 Gander, Terry and Chamberlain, Peter. Weapons of the Third Reich: An Encyclopedic Survey of All Small Arms, Artillery and Special Weapons of the German Land Forces 1939–1945. New York: Doubleday, 1979 
 Hogg, Ian V. German Artillery of World War Two. 2nd corrected edition. Mechanicsville, PA: Stackpole Books, 1997

External links 

World War II artillery of Germany
150 mm artillery
Rheinmetall
Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1940
CA-Cricket Presents. CA-Cricket Presents (formerly Xerox Presents originally from Xerox Desktop Software) was a presentation program developed for Apple Macintosh and Microsoft Windows by Cricket Software. 

Cricket Software was later acquired by Computer Associates. CA-Cricket Graph was an associated chart program. The program competed with PowerPoint.

Presentation files used the filename extension .cpp while .cpt was used by template files.

References
Infoworld - Google Books June 1, 1992, pp 78-79 
Newsbytes News Network, March 22, 1990  by Grant Buckler
http://www.file-extensions.org/search/?searchstring=CA-Cricket+Presents

External links

Discontinued software
Presentation software
CA Technologies
Paul Crooks. Paul Crooks is a former Formula One engineer.

Crooks began his career as an apprentice aeronautical engineer when he was 17 at the Royal Aircraft Establishment based in Farnborough. He spent five years there before joining RAE at the age of 22. For the next five years he worked as a detail designer on aerospace projects, working alongside Frank Coppuck. From there, he got a job with Toleman Group Motorsport (later Benetton Formula, then Renault F1) as a detail designer. He worked under Rory Byrne for the next six years, before moving up to chief composite design engineer in 1983.

In 1993, Crooks became Ligier's chief designer under Frank Dernie, but with the arrest of team boss Cyril de Rouvre, which sent the team into decline, Crooks joined Simtek. While with Simtek, he designed both the S941 and S951. He stayed with them until the team left Formula One in the middle of 1995. He went back to Ligier, before joining Jordan. He later went to BAR and Minardi.

Crooks later worked for Wirth Research, who designed the Acura ARX-01a, ARX-01b and ARX-02a.

External links
Profile on GrandPrix.com

Year of birth missing (living people)
Formula One designers
British motorsport people
Living people
Electronic Chart Centre. Electronic Chart Centre AS is Norwegian government enterprise created in 1999 to create and publish nautical charts for use by ships and boats. The company was originally part of Statens Kartverk The Electronic Chart Centre is based in Stavanger and has 15 employees. ECC AS is responsible for the technical operation PRIMAR ENC service in cooperation with Statens Kartverk - sjø.

History
The industrial development in the 1980s resulted in the development of new digital equipment for the integration of chart data and NavStar GPS (Global Positioning System). The concept allowed navigators to see their own vessels in real-time motion on a computer screen, and should thus revolutionise ship navigation. Under the leadership of the Norwegian Mapping Authority (a division of the Norwegian Mapping Authority), both were initiated international and national projects with participation from several nautical charts, public maritime authorities, industry and The Norwegian Veritas (Det norske Veritas). The goal was to gain knowledge and experience for future development of international standards for map data and navigation equipment, through operational trials on ships in international traffic. This work was led by Asbjørn Kyrkjeeide, employed by the Norwegian Mapping Authority. The results from the projects were available in 1991, and formed the basis for a further work with an international standard for authorized electronic chart data (ENC) and an international standard for electronic chart machines (EDCIS). The work with the latter standard was led by Øivind Stene, at that time head of the Norwegian Mapping Authority at Sea (Sjøkartverket), and later head of the Norwegian Mapping Authority (Kartverket). 

Norway, through Robert Sandvik (CEO of ECC 2011 - 2014), then led the work of developing an international encryption standard for ENC. This is still used by nautical charters, shipping and the maritime industry worldwide. As a follow-up to the projects, the international electronic chart activity in Norway

References

External links
 Electronic Chart Centre web site
 PRIMAR ENC Service web site

Map companies of Norway
Business services companies of Norway
Government-owned companies of Norway
Publishing companies established in 1999
1999 establishments in Norway
USS Aroostook (AOG-14). USS Aroostook (AOG-14) was a gasoline tanker acquired by the U.S. Navy for the dangerous task of transporting gasoline to warships in the fleet, and to remote Navy stations.

The third ship to be named Aroostook by the Navy, AOG-14 was originally built at Newport News, Virginia, as the single-screw, steel-hulled, diesel-electric, tank barge Esso Delivery No. 11 by the Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co. Launched on 8 December 1937, she was delivered to the Standard Oil Co., of New Jersey, on 8 February 1938 and was homeported at Baltimore, Maryland, over the next few years.

Acquired by the Navy from the War Shipping Administration (WSA) on 1 April 1943, Esso Delivery No. 11 - the first all-welded construction tanker owned by Standard Oil - was renamed Aroostook, classified as a gasoline tanker, and designated AOG-14. The ship arrived at the Key Highway plant of Bethlehem Steel Corp., Baltimore, on 3 April 1943 and after conversion for naval service, was commissioned there on 18 April 1943.

World War II service 

Getting underway for Norfolk, Virginia, on the 21st, Aroostook tarried there only briefly before sailing on 28 April to join United States Naval Forces, Northwest African Waters. Proceeding via Bermuda and Gibraltar, she reached Oran, Tunisia, one month later to commence operations in that theater.

For the rest of her career under the American flag the gasoline tanker operated in the Mediterranean basin.  Her ports of call included Bari, Isola Santo Stefano, Civitavecchia, Taranto, Piombino, Livorno, Palermo and Naples, Italy, as well as the island of Malta.

Under attack by the Luftwaffe 

Only once during the entire period did she come in contact with the enemy. While she lay at Bari, Italy, on 2 December 1943, the German Luftwaffe raided that port.  The ship sustained concussion and shrapnel damage when an ammunition ship exploded nearby, but she suffered no casualties among her men.

Decommissioning 

Decommissioned on 18 January 1945 at Bizerte, the ship was transferred to the French government the following day. Renamed Lac Pavin she served with the French Navy under lend-lease for four more years. Sold outright to the French Government on 21 March 1949, Aroostook was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 28 April 1949. Ultimately, Lac Pavin was scrapped in 1953.

References

External links 
 NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive - AOG-14 Aroostook

1937 ships
Unique gasoline tankers of the United States Navy
World War II auxiliary ships of the United States
Ships built in Newport News, Virginia
Chip creep. Chip creep refers to the problem of an integrated circuit (chip) working its way out of its socket over time. This was mainly an issue in early PCs.

Chip creep occurs due to thermal expansion, which is expansion and contraction as the system heats up and cools down. It can also occur due to vibration. While chip creep was most common with older memory modules, it was also a problem with CPUs and other main chips that were inserted into sockets. An example is the Apple III, where its CPU would be dislodged and the user would need to reseat the chips.

To fix chip creep, users of older systems would often have to remove the case cover and push the loose chip back into the socket. Today's computer systems are not as affected by chip creep, since chips are more securely held, either by various types of retainer clips or by being soldered into place, and since system cooling has improved.

References
 

Integrated circuits
Robert C. Pittman. Robert C. Pittman (April 25, 1922 – October 27, 1996) was a US Army Air Forces pilot, electrical engineer, and entrepreneur. He was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross for his heroic actions during World War II, flying more than 250 combat missions over the Pacific Ocean.

Pittman graduated from the University of Florida with a degree in Electrical Engineering in 1950 on a scholarship funded by the G.I. Bill. He went on to work for Bell Laboratories and International Telephone and Telegraph in various engineering roles; he became president of ITT's Federal Electric Corporation, and later Group General Manager. In 1976, he bought and operated Superior Cable Company, the first manufacturer of fiber-optic cable that later became Superior Essex.

Pittman died on October 27, 1996 in Naples, Florida. He is survived by his children Robert Pittman (deceased), Clark B. Pittman, and Katherine P. Dennis.

References

1996 deaths
University of Florida College of Engineering alumni
American aviators
Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)
1922 births
United States Army Air Forces pilots of World War II
University of Florida alumni
Bion J. Arnold. Bion Joseph Arnold (August 14, 1861 – January 29, 1942) was an American engineer.  He is remembered as "father of the third rail", a pioneer in electrical engineering, and an urban mass transportation expert who helped design New York's Interborough Rapid Transit subway system.  He also served as a lieutenant colonel during World War I in the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps.

Early life
Arnold was born in Casnovia, Michigan on August 14, 1861.

Civilian career
After graduating from Hillsdale College in Michigan and the University of Nebraska-Lincoln in 1897, Arnold set up his own company in Chicago at a time when railroads were converting their power sources from steam to electricity. In 1898, Arnold developed a new method of converting alternating current from power plants to direct current in substations for the Chicago & Milwaukee Electric Railway. This innovative electrification system would eventually become a standard in the interurban and street railway industries. Between 1898 and 1912, he assisted the New York Central Railroad and the Hudson River Railroad in conversion of their lines leading into Grand Central Terminal.

When the Interborough Rapid Transit's first line opened in 1904, the subway proved to be more popular than envisioned. By 1908, a system designed for a maximum of 600,000 passengers per day was being used by 800,000.  Arnold was called upon again to solve the problem. His solution was to place automatic speed control devices on the trains themselves, so that more trains could be run during each hour.

Arnold also assisted in the conversion of electrified railways in Los Angeles and Pittsburgh, and the cable car systems in San Francisco. Arnold was president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers from 1903 to 1904.

Military career
On December 14, 1917, Arnold transferred to the regular Army as a lieutenant colonel in the Aviation Section of the Signal Corps.  He was assigned to aircraft equipment production in Washington, DC.  He was honorably discharged on Feb. 6, 1919.  He was a colonel in the inactive reserve after 1929.

Personal life
Arnold lived in Chicago, Illinois.

Death and legacy
Arnold died at his home in Chicago on January 29, 1942, and is buried in Ashland Cemetery, in his hometown of Ashland, Nebraska.

Footnote

References

External links

1861 births
1942 deaths
Hillsdale College alumni
American electrical engineers
American railroad pioneers
American railroad mechanical engineers
United States Army officers
Military personnel from Chicago
People from Kent County, Michigan
Engineers from Illinois
Military personnel from Michigan
Quad (rocket). In rocketry, the Armadillo Aerospace Quad vehicle called Pixel is a computer-controlled VTVL rocket that was used in 2006 to compete in the Lunar Lander Challenge.

General description
The quad vehicle design is a pressure fed in blow-down mode from an initial pressure of 320 psi for level 1 (400 psi level 2). The cold gas vernier engines are cross-fed by gas drawn from ullage space of the opposite tank. The vehicle was able to transfer propellant through connecting pipes between opposite tanks by controlling ullage pressures with the thrusters; this helps it balance, minimizing gas use. The main engine had two-axis thrust vectoring. The vehicle was fully computer controlled; with guidance from GPS and fiber optic gyros.

Specification
The specification for Pixel/Texel for level 1:

 Width: ~1.9 m (~75 inches)
 Height: ~1.9 m (~75 inches)
 Dry Weight: 650 pounds
 Gross Lift Off Weight (GLOW): ~1500 pounds (360 pounds ethanol, ~500 LOX)
 Payload: 55 pounds
 Engines: 1 (+ 4 cold gas attitude jets)
 Thrust (sl): ~3000 pounds

Engine (XPC-06):

 Thrust: ~3000 pounds (throttleable to 25%)
 Chamber Pressure: 300 psi
 Nozzle Area Ratio: 2:1
 Isp (sl): ~140-~200 seconds (low-high throttle)
 Length: 0.51 m (20 inches)
 Diameter: 0.2 m (8 inches)
 Chamber: carbon fiber reinforced graphite built by Cesaroni aerospace
 Burn Time: >100 seconds, expected >180 for level 2, with approximately double the propellant mass.

Purchase by NASA
On 8 March 2010, Matthew Ross of Armadillo Aerospace confirmed that Pixel had been converted to methane/LOX propellant and sold to NASA as part of the Project M testbed for the Autonomous Landing Hazard Avoidance Technology (ALHAT) LIDAR range finding system under development by Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL).

See also

 Reusable Vehicle Testing program of the Japanese Space Agency JAXA
 Project Morpheus NASA program to continue developing ALHAT and Quad landers
 Blue Origin New Shepard
 Kankoh-maru
 McDonnell Douglas DC-X
 Zarya
 CORONA
 Grasshopper

References

Reusable launch systems
Rockets and missiles
Pressure-fed rockets
VTVL rockets
Sheer fabric. Sheer fabric is fabric which is made using thin thread or low density of knit. This results in a semi-transparent and flimsy cloth. Some fabrics become transparent when wet.

Overview
The sheerness of a fabric is expressed as a numerical denier which ranges from 3 (extremely rare, very thin, barely visible) to 15 (standard sheer for stockings) up to 30 (semi opaque) until 100 (opaque). The materials which can be made translucent include gossamer, silk, rayon or nylon. Sheer fabric comes in a wide variety of colors, but for curtains, white and shades of white, such as cream, winter white, eggshell, and ivory are popular. In some cases, sheer fabric is embellished with embroidered patterns or designs.

A common use for sheer fabric is in curtains, which allows for sunlight to pass through during daylight, while maintaining a level of privacy. However, when it is lighter on the inside of a room than it is on the outside (such as at nighttime), then the inside of the room can be seen from the outside. Due to the loose weave in sheer fabrics, such curtains offer little heat insulation.

Sheer fabric is used in clothing, in garments such as stockings or tights and in dancewear and lingerie, and sometimes as part of clothing, such as in wedding gowns and formal costumes. Sheer fabric for clothing offers very little in the way of warmth for the wearer, and for this reason is commonly worn in hot weather. It offers relatively low sun protection.

Though sheer stockings have been popular since the 1920s, and have been used in women's nightwear for some time, the use of sheer fabrics in other clothing has become more common in recent years. There has been a sheer fashion trend in fashion circles since 2008, with sheer fabrics being used in tight clothes, layers, and in delicate feminine draping.

See also 
 Bodystocking
 Georgette (fabric)
 See-through clothing
 Silk
 Ultra sheer

References

Fashion design
Textiles
Properties of textiles
Transparent materials
SNS College of Engineering. SNS College of Engineering (AUTONOMOUS) (SNSEngg), in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India, is a private self-financing engineering institute. The college is approved by AICTE and is affiliated to the Anna University. It was established in 2007 and has started its second batch of students enjoying a total intake of nearly 852 students.

Academics
The college offers eight courses leading to the Degree of Bachelor of Engineering (B.E.) and two courses leading to Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech.). PG courses are M.E/M.Tech/Master of Business Administration (MBA) of Anna University Coimbatore.

Undergraduate courses

B.E.
Computer Science and Engineering (CSE)
Computer Science and Engineering - Internet of Things with Cyber Security & BlockChain(CSE -IoT -Cyber Sec/BlockChain)
Computer Science and Technology (CST)
Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering (Additive Manufacturing) (MCT - AM)
Computer Science and Design (CSD)
Mechanical Engineering (MECH)
Electronics and Communication Engineering (ECE)
Electrical and Electronics Engineering (EEE)
Civil Engineering (Lateral)
B.Tech
Information Technology (IT)
Artificial Intelligence & Data Science (AI & DS)

PG courses

Master of Business Administration (MBA)
M.E. Computer Science and Engineering
M.E. Embedded System Technology
M.E. Power Electronics and Drives
M.Tech, Information Technology
M.E Manufacturing Engineering

Admission procedure
The undergraduate students are admitted based on their 12th standard (higher secondary school) scores. The admissions are done as per the government of Tamil Nadu norms through State Government Counselling (TNEA) and through regulated management seat procedures.

Sports
SNSEngg hosts multi-purpose grounds and student activity center(SPINE). The following sports are available:
Swimming Pool
Cricket
Badminton
Hockey
Volleyball
Kabbadi
Kho Kho
Table tennis
Tennis
Chess
Carrom
Basketball
Fives Football

References

External links
SNSEngg official website
SPINE official website
Official photo gallery
Official blog
About Coimbatore City

Engineering colleges in Coimbatore
Private engineering colleges in Tamil Nadu
Gottlob Honold. Gottlob Honold (26 August 1876 – 17 March 1923) was a leading engineer in the workshop of Robert Bosch, where he invented  a practical ignition magneto, practical automobile headlights, and a practical vehicle horn.

Honold was born on 26 August 1876 in Langenau, in Germany, about 10 miles northeast of Ulm.

Honold's father was a friend of the father of Robert Bosch. In 1891, Honold first worked in Bosch's Stuttgart workshop as an apprentice. Honold then studied engineering at the Technical University of Stuttgart.  In 1901, Honold accepted an offer to work for Bosch once again, where he specialized on ignition. His task was to build an apparatus "that would produce a hot spark of relatively long duration (arc) with nonmoving electrodes." By December, collaborating with Arnold Zähringer, Honold had a test model using a common power source for the low and high voltages in a single unit.

Honold also helped develop the automotive headlights that are used today.  Although lights had been used to some extent for night driving, the early lanterns did little more than to draw attention to a vehicle, and were of little use for illumination.  It was Honold who conceived the idea of placing parabolic metal mirrors behind the lamp to increase the amount of light without taxing the automotive electrical system.

In 1919, Honold also helped develop the Bosch horn for automobiles.

Honold died in Stuttgart on 17 March 1923.

See also 
German inventors and discoverers

References

1876 births
1923 deaths
People from Langenau
People from the Kingdom of Württemberg
Bosch (company) people