omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Melamine foam. Melamine foam is a foam-like material consisting of a melamine-formaldehyde condensate. It is the active component of a number of abrasive cleaner sponges, notably the Magic Eraser.

It is also used as thermal insulation and as a soundproofing material.

Properties 
The open-cell foam is microporous and its polymeric substance is very hard, so that when used for cleaning it works like extremely fine sandpaper, getting into tiny grooves and pits in the object being cleaned. 

On a larger scale, the material feels soft because the reticulated foam bubbles interconnect. Its structure is a 3D network of very hard strands, when compared to the array of separate bubbles in a material such as styrofoam.

Being microporous, it also effectively absorbs sound waves. 

Being open-cell, it entrains countless air bubbles, giving it low thermal conductivity and thereby making it an effective insulator.

Cleaning 

In the early 21st century, it was discovered that melamine foam is an effective abrasive cleaner. Rubbing with a slightly moistened foam may remove otherwise "uncleanable" external markings from surfaces. For example, melamine foam can remove crayon, marker pen, and grease from painted walls and wood finishings, plastic-adhering paints from treated wooden tables, and adhesive residue and grime from hubcaps. If the surface being cleaned is not sufficiently hard, it may be finely scratched by the melamine material. Similarly to a pencil eraser, the foam wears away during use, leaving behind a slight residue which can be rinsed off.

Other uses 
Naturally lightweight, melamine foam is also used as insulation for pipes and ductwork, and as a soundproofing material for studios, sound stages, auditoriums, and the like.  One advantage of melamine foam over other soundproofing materials is that it's considered not flammable. Melamine foam’s fire rating is Class A/Class 1 in the United States and ULCS-102 for Canada. If heated to , the foam shrinks, and collapses. These properties suit it as the main sound and thermal insulation material for Shinkansen bullet trains.

Environmental impact 

Recent research has highlighted that melamine sponges contribute significantly to microplastic pollution. A study published in Environmental Science & Technology found that these sponges release over a trillion microplastic fibers globally each month due to wear and tear. These fibers can contaminate water systems and enter the food chain, posing environmental risks. The study suggests that making denser sponges and using alternative cleaning methods could mitigate this issue.

See also 

 Melamine resin

References

External links 

 BASF Story about Mr. Clean Magic Eraser
 Basotect
 VIXUM
 Re: spot cleaning walls in gallery
 Dangerous Chemicals in Mr. Clean Magic Eraser Snopes.com article debunking rumour about supposed dangerous chemicals in Magic Eraser

Cleaning tools
BASF
Insulators
Artificial materials
Abrasives
Mercury telluride. Mercury telluride (HgTe) is a binary chemical compound of mercury and tellurium. It is a semi-metal related to the II-VI group of semiconductor materials. Alternative names are mercuric telluride and mercury(II) telluride.

HgTe occurs in nature as the mineral form coloradoite.

Physical properties
All properties are at standard temperature and pressure unless stated otherwise. The lattice parameter is about 0.646 nm in the cubic crystalline form. The bulk modulus is about 42.1 GPa. The thermal expansion coefficient is about 5.2×10−6/K. Static dielectric constant 20.8, dynamic dielectric constant 15.1. Thermal conductivity is low at 2.7 W·m2/(m·K). HgTe bonds are weak leading to low hardness values. Hardness 2.7×107 kg/m2.

Doping
N-type doping can be achieved with elements such as boron, aluminium, gallium, or indium. Iodine and iron will also dope n-type. HgTe is naturally p-type due to mercury vacancies. P-type doping is also achieved by introducing zinc, copper, silver, or gold.

Topological insulation

Mercury telluride was the first topological insulator discovered, in 2007. Topological insulators cannot support an electric current in the bulk, but electronic states confined to the surface can serve as charge carriers.

Chemistry 
HgTe bonds are weak. Their enthalpy of formation, around −32kJ/mol, is less than a third of the value for the related compound cadmium telluride. HgTe is easily etched by acids, such as hydrobromic acid.

Growth
Bulk growth is from a mercury and tellurium melt in the presence of a high mercury vapour pressure. HgTe can also be grown epitaxially, for example, by sputtering or by metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy.

Nanoparticles of mercury telluride can be obtained via cation exchange from cadmium telluride nanoplatelets.

See also
 Cadmium telluride
 Mercury selenide
 Mercury cadmium telluride

References

External links
 Thermophysical properties database at Germany's Chemistry Information Centre, Berlin

Mercury(II) compounds
Tellurides
II-VI semiconductors
Zincblende crystal structure
Semimetals
Paul Larson (computer scientist). Paul Larson (Per-Åke Larson) is a computer scientist. He is most famous for inventing the linear hashing algorithm with Witold Litwin. Paul Larson is currently a senior researcher in the Database Group of Microsoft Research. He is frequent chair and committee member of conferences such as VLDB, SIGMOD, and the IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering.
In 2005 he was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery.

References 

Larson PA. "Dynamic Hash Tables." Communications of the ACM. April 1988, 31(4):446-57 pdf.

External links 
Paul Larson MSR Page
UW MSR Summer Institute 2010

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Microsoft employees
American computer scientists
Database researchers
Academic staff of the University of Waterloo
2004 fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
Worsley Works. Worsley Works, is a manufacturer of kits for model railway carriages and locomotives, owned and run from Worsley, near Manchester, England UK, by Allen Doherty.

Worsley Works is well known in the finescale modelling world, especially in less-popular scales, including British HO scale and  3mm-scale models along with various kits for Narrow Gauge railways, particularly OO9 and OOn3.

Assembly of Worsley Works kits, like for most other kits that comprise only etched components, is challenging. Worsley specialises in what are described as 'scratch aid' kits, indicating that the kits are not intended to build complete models in themselves, but rather to provide the essential components to assist the process of scratch building. By manufacturing only the etched brass or nickel silver components of the models, the company is able to produce a wide range of kits in many scales. They have also taken on many commissions including a Metropolitan 4-4-4T recently.

References

External links 
 Worsley Works – Official website.

Model railroad manufacturers
Model manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Virtual Execution System. The Virtual Execution System (VES) is a run-time system of the Common Language Infrastructure CLI which provides an environment for executing managed code. It provides direct support for a set of built-in data types, defines a hypothetical machine with an associated machine model and state, a set of control flow constructs, and an exception handling model. To a large extent, the purpose of the VES is to provide the support required to execute the Common Intermediate Language CIL instruction set.

Implementations
The Common Language Runtime (CLR) implements the VES as defined in the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) standard. Other notable implementations of the CLI such as Mono and Portable.NET include their own VES implementations. The .NET Micro Framework includes the .NET Micro Framework Interpreter as their VES implementation.

See also
Native Image Generator
Application domain

Stack-based virtual machines
Don Bosco Institute of Technology, Mumbai. Don Bosco Institute of Technology is a private engineering college situated at Kurla (West), Mumbai affiliated with the University of Mumbai. It has been granted a "Religious Minority" status (Roman Catholics).

History
In 2005, the college was ranked 84 in the list of top technical colleges in India in a Dataquest-IDC-NASSCOM Survey.

Degree programs

Under the University of Mumbai, the college offers bachelor's degrees in engineering for the following programs:

 Mechanical engineering - 120 seats
 Electronics and telecommunications engineering - 60 seats
 Computer engineering - 60 seats
 Information technology - 60 seats

The program is divided into 8 semesters spread over 4 years. Granted a religious minority quota, 51% of all seats are reserved for Roman Catholics.

Extracurricular activities and festivals

The College has an annual inter-college technical festival organized by the student committee which is called "Colosseum".  In 2016, the college started "Hysteria,” which is the cultural and sports mega fest for all the institutions that come under DBCL. At the end of every semester, each year the final year students have 'Innovex' where they showcase their final year projects.

The college also organizes Teknack, a 2-day inter-collegiate online technical festival.  It started off as a intra college online festival, and is organised every year in the month of February.

See also
 Don Bosco College of Engineering

References

Salesian schools
Educational institutions established in 2001
Engineering colleges in Mumbai
Affiliates of the University of Mumbai
All India Council for Technical Education
Catholic universities and colleges in India
2001 establishments in Maharashtra
Libertador General San Martín Bridge. The Libertador General San Martín Bridge () is a cantilever road bridge that crosses the Uruguay River and joins Argentina and Uruguay. It runs between Puerto Unzué, near Gualeguaychú, Entre Ríos Province, Argentina, and Fray Bentos, Río Negro Department, Uruguay, with a total length of  ( in Argentine jurisdiction and  in Uruguayan territory), including the bridge and accesses embankments.

Studies for the construction of a bridge over the Uruguay River were started in 1960 by a joint commission, which decided that the best place for it would be between Puerto Unzué and Fray Bentos. In 1967 the two countries signed an agreement ratifying the location, and in 1972 the construction contract was awarded to the International Bridge Consortium (Consorcio Puente Internacional), setting the cost at $ 21.7 million, then adjusted upwards.

The bridge is named after José de San Martín, a major figure in the struggle for independence in Argentina, Chile and Peru. It was officially inaugurated on September 16, 1976. It was opened for public use and the next day it started functioning under a toll regime.

See also
 General Artigas Bridge
 Salto Grande Bridge
 Cellulose plant conflict between Argentina and Uruguay

References

 Puentes sobre el Río Uruguay (in Spanish)
 

Bridges in Argentina
Bridges in Uruguay
Buildings and structures in Entre Ríos Province
Buildings and structures in Río Negro Department
Toll bridges
Bridges completed in 1976
Argentina–Uruguay border crossings
International bridges in Argentina
Bridges over the Uruguay River
Gualeguaychú, Entre Ríos
Fray Bentos
1976 establishments in Argentina
1976 establishments in Uruguay
Cantilever bridges
Accelerator table. In Windows programming, an accelerator table allows an application to specify a list of accelerators (keyboard shortcuts) for menu items or other commands. For example,  is often used as a shortcut to the File→Save menu item,  is a common shortcut to the File→Open menu item, etc. An accelerator takes precedence over normal processing and can be a convenient way to program some event handling.

Accelerator tables are usually located in the resources section of the binary.

Accelerators and menus
Each accelerator is associated with a control ID, the same kind of IDs which are assigned to buttons, combo boxes, list boxes, and also menu items. In this way, GUI objects can be created which represent the same function as an accelerator.

Since using the menus, and subsequently the mouse, is not always the best solution, it is important to provide users with the possibility to minimize usage of the mouse. For this reason showing the accelerators in menus can be useful; it informs the user that there are shortcuts, and that using the mouse is not always mandatory.

Electron usage
The software framework Electron also uses the term "Accelerator" as the name for its API to specify keyboard shortcuts for menu items and program behaviors on multiple platforms, including those other than Windows.

See also
Keyboard shortcut

References 

User interface techniques
Systematic reconnaissance flight. Systematic Reconnaissance Flight (SRF) is a scientific method in wildlife survey for assessing the distribution and abundance of wild animals. It is widely used in Africa, Australia and North America for assessment of plains and woodland wildlife and other species.

The method involves systematic or random flight lines (transects) over the target area at a constant height above ground, with at least one observer recording wildlife in a calibrated strip on at least one side of the aircraft.

The method has been often criticised for low accuracy and precision, but is considered to be the best option for relatively inexpensive coverage of large game areas.

References

Surveying
Wildlife
River Blackwater (River Test). This River Blackwater drains small parts of the English counties of Hampshire and Wiltshire. It is a tributary of the River Test.

Course
It rises just to the east of the Wiltshire village of Redlynch, east of Salisbury. It then flows east into Hampshire, where it flows north of the village of Wellow and the hamlet of Wigley. The river turns south, passing under the M27 and past Broadlands Lake and the Testwood Lakes reservoirs, before joining the Test between Totton and Redbridge. The Environment Agency records the length of the main river as , with an additional  for the watercourse from Redlynch to the confluence north of Hamptworth.

Water quality
The Environment Agency measures water quality of the river systems in England. Each is given an overall ecological status, which may be one of five levels: high, good, moderate, poor and bad. There are several components that are used to determine this, including biological status, which looks at the quantity and varieties of invertebrates, angiosperms and fish. Chemical status, which compares the concentrations of various chemicals against known safe concentrations, is rated good or fail.

Water quality of the River Blackwater in 2019:

See also 
This River Blackwater should not be confused with the River Blackwater in north-east Hampshire, which is a tributary of the River Loddon and (indirectly) of the River Thames.

Another similarly named waterway in Hampshire is Black Water, a small stream which flows eastwards across the New Forest, passing under Rhinefield Ornamental Drive, before joining Ober Water and Highland Water just north of Brockenhurst to form the Lymington River.

References 

 Ordnance Survey (2004). OS Explorer Map OL22 - New Forest. .
 Ordnance Survey (2004). OS Explorer Map 131 - Romsey, Andover & Test Valley. .

External links 
 

Rivers of Hampshire
Rivers of Wiltshire
1Blackwater
Edgar Craven Bredin. Edgar Craven Bredin (16 April 1886 – 5 August 1950) was an Irish mechanical and locomotive engineer and later a railway manager. 
Bredin was born in Canterbury on 16 April 1886 and educated at Mountjoy School in Dublin. In 1905 he was apprenticed to Fielding & Platt in Gloucester.

Great Southern and Western Railway
In 1907, he became a pupil at Great Southern and Western Railway's Inchicore Works.  He was appointed Assistant Works Manager at Inchicore in 1916, and was promoted to Works Manager in 1925.  The Great Southern and Western Railway was amalgamed into the Great Southern Railways the same year.  Bredin became Chief Mechanical Engineer of the GSR from 1937 to 1942 when he became General Manager. The GSR became part of Córas Iompair Éireann on 1 January 1945, and in the same year he became General Manager of CIÉ, and retired at the end of 1946. He died in Dublin on 5 August 1950.

Locomotives
Bredin was noteworthy for introducing the largest steam locomotives to ever run on the Irish rail network. These were the GSR Class 800 three-cylinder 4-6-0 locomotives, the design work for which was carried out by Bredin's Chief Draughtsman, H J A Beaumont. Weighing in at over 130 tonnes, they were a full 20 tonnes heavier than the 201 Class, currently the largest diesel loco running on the Iarnród Éireann network.

References

1886 births
1950 deaths
Locomotive builders and designers
Locomotive superintendents
People educated at Mount Temple Comprehensive School
Irish people in rail transport
Irish railway mechanical engineers
20th-century Irish engineers
SVE. SVE may refer to:

 Scalable Vector Extension, a feature of microprocessor ARM architecture
 Société de Véhicules Electriques, a joint venture for the development of hybrid vehicles 
 Soil vapor extraction, an in situ process for soil remediation
 Somerville railway station, Melbourne
 Sharon Van Etten, American singer-songwriter and actress
 Special visceral efferent, nerves that supply muscles
 Specialty Vehicle Engineering, a high-performance automobile group within Chrysler
 Supraventricular ectopy, a type of irregular heartbeat
 Susanville Municipal Airport (IATA airport code), near Susanville, California
Menthol (data page). This page provides supplementary chemical data on Menthol.

Material Safety Data Sheet  

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommended that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source  such as SIRI or the links below, and follow its directions.
 (l-form)
Fisher MSDS (DL or racemic form)
Fisher MSDS (l-form)
 Menthol Eucalyptus ointment

Structure and properties

Thermodynamic properties

Spectral data

References

Chemical data pages
Chemical data pages cleanup
Charge-transfer amplifier. The charge-transfer amplifier (CTA) is an electronic amplifier circuit. Also known as transconveyance amplifiers, CTAs amplify electronic signals by dynamically conveying charge between capacitive nodes in proportion to the size of a differential input voltage. By appropriately selecting the relative node capacitances, voltage amplification occurs by the charge-voltage relationship of capacitors. CTAs are clocked, or sampling, amplifiers. They consume zero static power and can be designed to consume (theoretically) arbitrarily low dynamic power, proportional to the size of input signals being sampled. CMOS technology is most commonly used for implementation. CTAs were introduced in memory circuits in the 1970s, and more recently have been applied in multi-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). They are also used in dynamic voltage comparator circuits.

See also
Comparator
Mixed-signal integrated circuit
Charge amplifier

References 

Electronic amplifiers
Enchanted Highway. The Enchanted Highway is a collection of the world's largest scrap metal sculptures constructed by Gary Greff at intervals along a  stretch of a two-lane highway in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of North Dakota.

Description
The road has no highway number, although its northern portion is th Avenue SW (counting from Bismarck, which is  to the east). The Enchanted Highway extends north from Regent to the Gladstone exit on Interstate 94 east of Dickinson. Each sculpture has a developed pull-out and several have picnic shelters; the highway passes through scenic farm country with intermittent buttes. Geese in Flight is visible from I-94, standing 110 feet tall and 150 feet wide. In 2002, it was recognized as the world's largest scrap metal sculpture by the Guinness Book of World Records.

History
Local artist Gary Greff conceived of the project and began building it in 1989, and continues to maintain the sculptures. He took inspiration from local wildlife and historical figures, including Theodore Roosevelt. Greff's intention was to revive his hometown of Regent, after decades of population and economic decline. In 2012, Greff opened a motel, The Enchanted Castle, in Regent, continuing the theme of the Enchanted Highway. The State of North Dakota provided $75,000 in its 2019-2020 budget to assist Greff in maintaining the sculptures; prior to that year, he had used his own money and donations to pay for upkeep. The highway attracts approximately 6,000 tourist cars per year.

Sculptures
The Tin Family (1991)
Teddy Roosevelt Rides Again (1993)
Pheasants on the Prairie (1996)
Grasshoppers in the Field (1999)
Geese in Flight (2001)
Deer Crossing (2002)
Fisherman's Dream (2006)
Wirly Gigs (Unknown)
Sir Albert and the Dragon (In progress)
Spider Webs (In progress)

Gallery

References

External links

 Regent and the Enchanted Highway area placemarks for Google Earth.
 Zoomable pictures of each site
 Regent, North Dakota, and the Enchanted Highway, a Photo Gallery by J. Q. Jacobs.
 Hettinger County Historical Society Museums, Regent, North Dakota.
 North Dakota Tourism website
 National Geographic Top 10 U.S. Roadside Attractions
 The Enchanted Highway at Dakota Search

Outdoor sculptures in North Dakota
Buildings and structures in Hettinger County, North Dakota
Tourist attractions in Hettinger County, North Dakota
Roadside attractions in North Dakota
Sculpture series
Animal sculptures in North Dakota
Sculptures of fish in the United States
Sculptures of birds in the United States
David Hitz. David Hitz is an American engineer. In 1992, he, James Lau, and Michael Malcolm founded NetApp, where he became an executive vice president.

A graduate of Deep Springs College, Hitz earned a BSE from Princeton University and went on to work as an engineer at MIPS Computer Systems and as a senior engineer at Auspex Systems.

He is co-recipient (with James Lau) of the 2007 IEEE Reynold B. Johnson Information Storage Systems Award.

In February 2019, Hitz announced his retirement as executive vice president of NetApp.

References

External links
 Dave Hitz' blog

American male bloggers
American bloggers
American computer businesspeople
Deep Springs College alumni
Princeton University alumni
Swarthmore College alumni
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Aggregate Server Access Protocol. As a communications protocol the Aggregate Server Access Protocol is used by the Reliable server pooling (RSerPool) framework for the communication between
 Pool Elements and Pool Registrars (Application Layer)
 Pool Users and Pool Registrars (Application Layer)
 Pool Users and Pool Elements (Session Layer)

Standards Documents 
 Aggregate Server Access Protocol (ASAP)
 Aggregate Server Access Protocol (ASAP) and Endpoint Handlespace Redundancy Protocol (ENRP) Parameters
 Threats Introduced by Reliable Server Pooling (RSerPool) and Requirements for Security in Response to Threats
 Reliable Server Pooling Policies

External links 
 Thomas Dreibholz's Reliable Server Pooling (RSerPool) Page
 IETF RSerPool Working Group

Internet protocols
Internet Standards
Session layer protocols
Endpoint Handlespace Redundancy Protocol. The Endpoint Handlespace Redundancy Protocol is used by the Reliable server pooling (RSerPool) framework for the communication between Pool Registrars to maintain and synchronize a handlespace.

It is allocated on the application layer like the Aggregate Server Access Protocol.  It is a work in progress within the IETF.

References

External links
 Thomas Dreibholz's Reliable Server Pooling (RSerPool) Page
 IETF RSerPool Working Group
 Endpoint Handlespace Redundancy Protocol (ENRP)
 Aggregate Server Access Protocol (ASAP) and Endpoint Handlespace Redundancy Protocol (ENRP) Parameters
 Threats Introduced by Reliable Server Pooling (RSerPool) and Requirements for Security in Response to Threats
 Reliable Server Pooling Policies

Internet protocols
Internet Standards
Session layer protocols

References