omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Rafael Rangel Sostmann. Rafael Rangel Sostmann (; born 14 August 1941) is a Mexican engineer and academic who served as president of the Monterrey Institute of Technology (ITESM) from 1985 to 2011. He is a recipient of several honorary degrees, awarded, among others, by Georgetown University (2008), the University of British Columbia (2003), Arizona State University (2004) and the Thunderbird School of Global Management (2009); serves in the board of the World Bank Institute and Cemex; and he is a member of the Global Agenda Council on Education Systems at the World Economic Forum. He announced his retirement as rector of the ITESM on June 21, 2010. On September 12, 2011, Salvador Alva Gómez was announced as the next rector of the Monterrey Institute of Technology (ITESM).

Biography

Rangel was born in Parral, Chihuahua, into a family formed by Rafael Rangel Romo, a mining engineer from Aguascalientes and co-proprietor of  (a flour mill) and Josefina Sostmann, he has a sister Josefina Rangel Sostman who is a painter. He undertook his secondary and preparatory studies in Parral at Instituto Regional, a school managed by the Society of Jesus, and later moved to Monterrey to enroll at the Monterrey Institute of Technology. At Tech he imposed a national record in the 400 meters dash at the age of 22 and graduated with a bachelor's degree in Mechanical and Electrical Engineering in 1965.

After his graduation he moved to the United States, where he completed a master's degree in mechanical engineering at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1966 and worked for two years as a development engineer for Honeywell, in Minneapolis, before returning to Mexico and rejoining his alma mater in 1968 as an assistant professor. In Mexico, he lectured on automation, machine instrumentation, and trained staff for the local industry before marrying Margaret “Peggy” Marshall, daughter of Dr. W. Robert Marshall, Jr., dean of engineering of UW–Madison, on 25 January 1969.

He went back to UW–Madison to complete his doctorate degree, which was awarded in 1973. Back in Mexico, he rejoined the Tech as an associate director of the recently created Querétaro campus. Two years later, in 1975, he was appointed director and served in the post until 1979, when he was promoted to vice-rector for the central region, in charge of seven campuses. After the resignation of Fernando García Roel in 1984, he was appointed rector of the institute, at the age of 43. After 26 years as rector, on 21 June 2010, he announced his retirement.

References

See also
List of Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education faculty

1941 births
Living people
University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Engineering alumni
Heads of universities and colleges in Mexico
Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education alumni
Academic staff of the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education
People from Parral, Chihuahua
AspectC++. AspectC++ is an aspect-oriented extension of C and C++ languages. It has a source-to-source compiler, which translates AspectC++ source code into compilable C++. The compiler is available under the GNU GPL, though some extensions specific to Microsoft Windows are only available through pure-systems GmbH.

Aspect-oriented programming allows modularizing cross-cutting concerns in a single module, an aspect.
Aspects can modify existing classes, but most commonly they provide 'advice' that runs before, after, or around
existing functionality.

Example 
All calls to a specific function can be traced using an aspect, rather than inserting 'cerr' or print statements in many places:
aspect Tracer
{ 
   advice call("% %Iter::Reset(...)") : before()
   {
      cerr << "about to call Iter::Reset for " << JoinPoint::signature() << endl;
   }
};

The Tracer aspect will print out a message before any call to %Iter::Reset.  The %Iter syntax
means that it will match all classes that end in Iter.

Each 'matched' location in the source code is called a join point—the advice is joined to (or advises) that code.
AspectC++ provides a join point API to provide and access to information about the join point.  For example, the function:
JoinPoint::signature()
returns the name of the function (that matched %Iter::Reset) that is about to be called.

The join point API also provides compile-time type information that can be used within an
aspect to access the type or the value of the arguments and the return type and return value of a
method or function.

References

External links
 AspectC++
 Articles on aspect-oriented programming and AspectC++ at past AOSD conferences

Aspect-oriented programming
C++ programming language family
Newton Game Dynamics. Newton Game Dynamics is an open-source physics engine for realistically simulating rigid bodies in games and other real-time applications.  Its solver is deterministic and not based on traditional LCP or iterative methods.

Newton Game Dynamics is actively developed by Julio Jerez. Currently a new version which will take advantage of multi-core CPUs and GPUs is being developed.

Games that used Newton 
This is a select list of games using Newton Game Dynamics.
 Amnesia: Rebirth
 Amnesia: A Machine for Pigs
 Amnesia: The Dark Descent
 Amnesia: The Bunker
 b4n92uid theBall
 City Bus Simulator
 Future Pinball – a 3D pinball editing and gaming application
 Mount & Blade
 Nicktoons Winners Cup Racing
 Overclocked: A History of Violence
 Penumbra: Overture
 Penumbra: Black Plague
 Penumbra: Requiem
 SOMA
 Steam Brigade

Engines which incorporated Newton 
A list of game engines using Newton Game Dynamics:

 HPL Engine 1, 2, and 3

See also 
 Physics Abstraction Layer (PAL)
 Open Dynamics Engine (ODE)
 Project Chrono

External links 
 Github repository with latest development changes
 Official Newton Game Dynamics homepage

References 

Computer physics engines
Software using the zlib license
Marco Rito-Palomares. Marco Antonio Rito Palomares (born April 1966 in Salina Cruz, Oaxaca, Mexico) is a Mexican biochemist and chemical engineer. He graduated in 1987 with a BSc in Food-Biochemical Engineering at Instituto Tecnológico de La Paz, B.C.S. In 1989, he also earned an MSc in Chemical Engineering at Tecnológico de Monterrey.

Studies 
Earned his PhD in chemical engineering at University of Birmingham in 1995. After working as a postdoctoral researcher in Centre for Bioprocess Engineering at University of Birmingham and University of Cambridge, he returned to Tecnológico de Monterrey as full professor of bioprocess engineering.

Career 
He played an important part in the foundation of the FEMSA Biotechnology Center, one of the first of its kind in Latin America. He is now the actual director. The opening of the center attended by President Felipe Calderon, who was very impressed with the lab and called the day of the event as "a day of pride for Mexico".

Then, between 2001 and 2002, he was at the University of Cambridge, also in England, where he participated in a study looking for a vaccine against cervical-uterine cancer.

Awards 
Marco Rito-Palomares has been honored with the Jubilee Award 2003 granted by the International Foundation for Science (IFS).
Rómulo Garza Award 2002, maximum research award of Tecnológico de Monterrey.

He is member of the scientific committee of the International Foundation for Science (IFS), the prestigious Academia Mexicana de Ciencias and president of the Mexican Society of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Nuevo León State Section.

Palomares was awarded the Award for Teaching and Research Labor by ITESM in 2007 and today is recognized as one of the most important biotechnologists in Mexico in the recovery and purification of bioproducts.

Notes

See also
List of Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education faculty

External links 
International Foundation for Science (IFS)

Academic staff of the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education
Mexican biochemists
Alumni of the University of Birmingham
1966 births
Living people
People from Oaxaca
Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education alumni
21st-century Mexican scientists
20th-century Mexican scientists
Midstream. The oil and gas industry is usually divided into three major components: upstream, midstream and downstream. The midstream sector involves the transportation (by pipeline, rail, barge, oil tanker or truck), storage, and wholesale marketing of crude or refined petroleum products. Pipelines and other transport systems can be used to move crude oil from production sites to refineries and deliver the various refined products to downstream distributors. Natural gas pipeline networks aggregate gas from natural gas purification plants and deliver it to downstream customers, such as local utilities. 

The midstream operations are often taken to include some elements of the upstream and downstream sectors. For example, the midstream sector may include natural gas processing plants that purify the raw natural gas as well as removing and producing elemental sulfur and natural gas liquids (NGL) as finished  end-products.

Service providers
 Barge companies
 Railroad companies
 Trucking and hauling companies
 Pipeline transport companies
 Logistics and technology companies
 Transloading companies
 Terminal developers and operators

Midstream in ISO standards
ISO 20815 defines "midstream" in its definition section as: 
3.1.27 midstream 
business category involving the processing and transportation sectors of petroleum industry.

Examples: transportation pipelines, terminals, gas processing and treatment, LNG, LPG, and GTL.

See also 

 Coal bed methane
 Downstream (petroleum industry)
 Extraction of petroleum
 Gas field
 Hydrocarbon exploration
 Natural gas condensate
 Natural-gas processing
 Petroleum
 Petroleum extraction
 Oil production plant
 Oil refinery
 Oil well
 Upstream (petroleum industry)

References

External links 
 "NOV — Midstream Page"

Business terms
Petroleum transport
Oil storage
Natural gas
Petroleum industry
SuperGrid (hydrogen). In lossless power transmission, a supergrid with hydrogen is an idea for combining very long distance electric power transmission with liquid hydrogen distribution, to achieve superconductivity in the cables. The hydrogen is both a distributed fuel and a cryogenic coolant for the power lines, rendering them superconducting. The concept's advocates describe it as being in a "visionary" stage, for which no new scientific breakthrough is required but which requires major technological innovations before it could progress to a practical system. A system for the United States is projected to require "several decades" before it could be fully implemented.

One proposed design for a superconducting cable includes a superconducting bipolar DC line operating at ±50 kV, and 50 kA, transmitting about 2.5 GW for several hundred kilometers at zero resistance and nearly no line loss. High-voltage direct current (HVDC) lines have the capability of transmitting similar wattages, for example a 5 gigawatt HVDC system is being constructed along the southern provinces of China without the use of superconducting cables.

In the United States, a Continental SuperGrid 4,000 kilometers long might carry 40,000 to 80,000 MW in a tunnel shared with long-distance high speed maglev trains, which at low pressure could allow cross continental journeys of one hour. The liquid hydrogen pipeline would both store and deliver hydrogen.

1.5% of the energy transmitted on the British AC Supergrid is lost (transformer, heating and capacitive losses). Of this, a little under two-thirds (or 1% on the British supergrid), represents "DC" (resistive) heating type losses. With superconductive power lines, the capacitive and transformer losses (in the unlikely event the transmission lines were still overhead AC lines) would remain the same. In addition, overhead lines do not lend themselves at all well physically to the incorporation of cryogenic hydrogen piping, due to the likely weight of the transmission medium and the considerable brittleness of supercooled materials. It would probably be necessary for a supercooled hydrogen-carrying transmission line to be subterranean, and this in turn means that for such a cable, if it were of any distance (e.g. over 60 km), the power would have to be converted to DC and transmitted as such, since otherwise the capacitive losses would be too high. In this case, the power electronic losses in the AC/DC converter substations would negate part or all of the power savings from the superconductive line itself.

Even before comprehensive continental and (in the case of the proposed European Super Grid) intercontinental backbones of electrical transmission may be realized, such cables could be used to efficiently interconnect regional power grids of conventional design.

See also

 Superconducting cables
High voltage direct current

References

External links
SuperGrid Workshop  at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

Hydrogen economy
Electric power transmission systems
Superconductivity
Electric power systems components
CDC Kronos. Kronos is an operating system with time-sharing capabilities, written by Control Data Corporation in 1971.  Kronos ran on the 60-bit CDC 6000 series mainframe computers and their successors.  CDC replaced Kronos with the NOS operating system in the late 1970s, which were succeeded by the NOS/VE operating system in the mid-1980s.

The MACE operating system and APEX were forerunners to KRONOS.  It was written by Control Data systems programmer Greg Mansfield, Dave Cahlander, Bob Tate and three others.

See also
 CDC SCOPE

References

KRONOS
Discontinued operating systems
Time-sharing operating systems
Donald Holmquest. Donald Lee Holmquest (born April 7, 1939) is an American lawyer, physician, electrical engineer, and former NASA astronaut. He was the CEO of the California Regional Health Information Organization (RHIO).

Biography

Early life and education
Holmquest was born on April 7, 1939, in Dallas, Texas. After graduating from Dallas’s Adamson High School, he received a B.S. in electrical engineering from Southern Methodist University with highest honors in 1962. 

After receiving his MD and a PhD in physiology from Baylor College of Medicine in 1967 and 1968, respectively, Holmquist began a residency in internal medicine at Houston Methodist Hospital.

He married Charlotte Ann ( Blaha) in 1967. They have one daughter.

NASA career

Holmquest joined NASA as a scientist-astronaut after completing his internship. After a year of flight training at Williams Air Force Base, Arizona, he earned his Air Force wings, and then worked for  years on Skylab habitability systems and medical experiments. During this time, he logged 750 hours flying time in jet aircraft.

When not assigned to a Skylab prime or backup crew by May 1971, however, Holmquest took a leave of absence from NASA in order to return to Baylor College of Medicine to train in nuclear medicine. He formally resigned from the Astronaut Corps in September 1973.

Post-NASA career
After completing his residency training, Holmquest assumed the role of chief of nuclear medicine at Ben Taub General Hospital, a primary public teaching hospital at Baylor. He was then recruited to California’s Eisenhower Medical Center to establish their Department of Nuclear Medicine. He was then named associate dean of medicine at Texas A&M University as it developed its new College of Medicine.

Holmquest earned a JD degree cum laude from the University of Houston Law Center in 1988. While he continued to practice medicine and serve as adjunct professor of medicine at Baylor College of Medicine, Holmquist also worked as a lawyer, focused on matters related to the health care industry. After working as a senior partner at Wood, Lucksinger & Epstein, he established the firm of Holmquest & Associates. 

Holmquest resides in Menlo Park, California.

Bibliography

Holmquest's career is chronicled in the book NASA's Scientist-Astronauts by David Shayler and Colin Burgess.

References

1939 births
Living people
American astronauts
American people of Swedish descent
Physician astronauts
Space medicine doctors
Adam Dunkels. Adam Dunkels (born 28 May 1978) is a Swedish computer scientist, software engineer, entrepreneur, and founder of Thingsquare, an Internet of things (IoT) product development business.

His father was professor of mathematics Andrejs Dunkels. His mother was professor Kerstin Vännman. His work is mainly focused on computer networking technology and distributed communication for small embedded systems and devices and wireless sensor networks on the Internet. He attended the Swedish Institute of Computer Science where he earned Bachelor of Science (B.S.), Master of Science (M.S.) in 2001, and a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in 2007. Dunkels is best known to the embedded community as the author of the uIP (micro-IP) and lwIP TCP/IP Internet protocol suite (stacks). He invented protothreads and the operating system Contiki. The MIT Technology Review placed him on the TR35 list of world's top 35 innovators under 35, in 2009.

His book Interconnecting Smart Objects with IP: the Next Internet, co-authored with Jean-Philippe Vasseur, and with a foreword by Vint Cerf, was published in 2010.

He is a founder of the Internet Protocol for Smart Objects Alliance (IPSO Alliance), which promotes IP networking for smart objects such as embedded systems and wireless sensors, and author of the alliance's white paper.

Dunkels received the 2008 Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) SIGOPS EuroSys Roger Needham PhD award for his PhD thesis "Programming Memory-Constrained Networked Embedded Systems". He has won an ERCIM Cor Baayen award.

Networked embedded software
Many of Dunkels's small implementations are used in commercial products from companies, including Asea Brown Boveri (ABB), Altera, BMW, Cisco Systems, Ericsson, GE, Hewlett-Packard (HP), Volvo Technology, and Xilinx. They include:
 Protothreads
 uIP (micro-IP)
 Contiki
 lwIP (lightweight IP)
 uVNC
 Miniweb
 phpstack
 μBASIC

References

External links

The uIP TCP/IP stack
Dr Dobb's Journal: Inside the uIP Stack
Embedded WEB Server Demo

Luleå University of Technology alumni
Living people
1978 births
Swedish computer scientists
Technology company founders
Swedish company founders
People from Luleå
Rio Receiver. The Rio Receiver was a home stereo device for playing MP3 files stored on your computer's hard drive over an Ethernet or HomePNA network. It was later rebranded and sold as the Dell Digital Audio Receiver.

With a design derived from the existing Linux-based Empeg Car, it became popular among the Linux hacking community.

The hardware consisted of a Cirrus Logic 7212 CPU (ARM720T at 74 MHz), 1Mx32 (4 MB) of EDO RAM, and either 512k×16 or 256k×16 (1 MB or 0.5 MB) of NOR flash used to boot. Audio output used a Burr-Brown PCM1716 DAC that drove line outputs, the headphone jack, and a Tripath class-D digital audio amplifier for speakers. Network connections were via either a Cirrus logic 8900A (10MBit Ethernet) or a Broadcom HomePNA 10 Mbit/s chipset; if no Ethernet link was seen at boot time, the unit tried HomePNA. The user interface was a 128x64 pixel monochrome LCD with an EL backlight, a rotary control with a push button, several buttons and IR remote control.

The unit booted via a 2.2 linux kernel in flash which used DHCP and SSDP to discover an NFS server from which it loaded a new kernel.  The second kernel then mounted a root filesystem over NFS containing a small set of standard POSIX tools and an application for selecting and playing music over the network, which was served using HTTP by the Audio Receiver Manager software running on a Windows PC.  Although the music player and the Audio Receiver Manager and Broadcom HomePNA kernel driver module were proprietary software, the kernel and other tools were open source.  The two-step kernel boot process allowed rapid development of changes to the kernel allowing units to run new kernels by simply power cycling them; the use of standard protocols meant a variety of replacement software components could be developed independently.

External links
 RRR Project - Replacement Client Application by Reza Naima
 RioPlay - Open source project to replace the client and server side software
 SlimRio - Open source client software to interoperate with SlimServer.
 Jreceiver - Open source host software to interoperate with various client modules for the rio receiver.
 MediaNet - Replacement client and server side software with FLAC, OGG and shoutcast support.
 YARRS - Yet Another Rio Receiver Server. Unix-based, free-software replacement server.

 
Linux-based devices
A-bike. The A-bike is a folding bicycle released by Sir Clive Sinclair in the United Kingdom on 12 July 2006. It was designed by Hong Kong design agency Daka, in collaboration with Sinclair Research, over a 5-year period. It was announced to the public in 2004. Clive Sinclair envisioned the A-bike, and Alex Kalogroulis was the main designer. It weighs  and folds to , small enough to fit in a rucksack. The first version had  wheels, which was increased to  in later models. In 2015, an electric version, the A-Bike Electric, was introduced to the public as part of a Kickstarter campaign.

A-Bike

History
The A-bike was designed by Sinclair Research, in collaboration with Hong Kong design agency Daka, over a 5-year period. It was announced to the public in 2004. Clive Sinclair envisioned the A-bike, and Alex Kalogroulis was the main design engineer. It was released on 12 July 2006, and was priced at £199. The official Europe distributor, Mayhem UK, hoped to sell 25,000 units in the first 12 months. By 2007 it was being noted that a "large number of counterfeit" A-bikes were appearing in China and elsewhere.

Early reviews praised the A-bike for being lightweight and easy to fold, but noted the flexing frame and uncomfortable saddle, and criticised the tiny wheels for being unsafe on uneven roads.

In 2008 the Mark-II version was released: officially known as the A-Bike Plus. This version had strengthened aluminium tubing, a new air-sprung cushioned saddle, and an upgraded drive mechanism. The Mark-III version was released in 2010, and was officially known as the A-Bike City. The main changes were larger  wheels and it was priced at £299.99.

Characteristics 
The A-bike is a small wheel bicycle with  wheels, increasing to  in later models. The original model weighs , and folds to  reducing its volume to about 25% of its original size. A twin-chain system enables the bike to travel about  per crank rotation despite the bicycle's small-diameter wheels (). The crankcase housing almost completely encloses the drive mechanism, protecting it and preventing oil stains on clothing or floor surfaces.

Media appearances 
In November 2006, A-bike was featured on UK television programme The Gadget Show, alongside the Strida.  The distribution company behind the A-bike was featured on the UK Television programme Badger or Bust broadcast on 5 June 2007. In the Top Gear epic race Car vs. Train 2. Richard Hammond and James May carried A-bikes in their suitcases and unfolded them to bike from a ferry dock to a cable car.

A-Bike Electric
In 2015, an electric version, the A-Bike Electric, was introduced to the public as part of a Kickstarter campaign. The design featured 8-inch wheels, as well as a larger seat and sturdier frame. The funding campaign was successful and production began before the end of the year.

See also
 Sinclair Zike - Sinclair's earlier attempt at a portable electric bicycle
 Brompton Bicycle - another British-designed small-wheeled bicycle
 Mini125 - a similar Italian-designed small-wheeled bicycle

References

External links 

 * 
 
 

Folding bicycles
Cycle manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Sinclair Research