omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Selectivity. Selectivity may refer to:

Psychology and behaviour
 Choice, making a selection among options
 Discrimination, the ability to recognize differences
 Socioemotional selectivity theory, in social psychology

Engineering
 Selectivity (radio), a measure of the performance of a radio receiver to respond only to the radio signal it is tuned
 Selectivity (circuit breakers), the coordination of overcurrent protection devices in an electrical installation

Biology
 Binding selectivity, in pharmacology
 Functional selectivity, in pharmacology
 Natural selection, in biology

Chemistry
 Reactivity–selectivity principle, in general chemistry
 Chemoselectivity, a term used in organic chemistry to describe reactivity of one functional group in the presence of other groups
 Stereoselectivity, a term used in organic chemistry to describe the distribution of isomers in reaction products
 Regioselectivity, a term used in organic chemistry to describe reaction mechanisms and predict reaction products

Mathematics
 Sensitivity and specificity, in statistical theory

See also
 Select (disambiguation)
 Selection (disambiguation)
Canberra (disambiguation). Canberra is the capital city of Australia. It may also refer to:

Aircraft
 English Electric Canberra, a British jet bomber 
 Martin B-57 Canberra, a version produced in the United States
 de Havilland Giant Moth or Canberra, a 1920s biplane transport
 Canberra, a Giant Moth used by Les Holden for a charter operation based in Sydney, Australia

Ships
 HMAS Canberra (D33), a County-class cruiser launched in 1927
 HMAS Canberra (FFG 02), an Adelaide-class guided missile frigate launched in 1978
 HMAS Canberra (L02), lead vessel of the Canberra-class landing helicopter docks, launched in 2011
 PS Canberra, a paddle steamer built in 1912
 SS Canberra, an ocean liner that served in the Falklands war
 USS Canberra (CA-70), a Baltimore-class cruiser of the United States Navy
 USS Canberra (LCS-30), a littoral combat ship of the United States Navy

Places
 Civic, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra's central business district
 Division of Canberra, an Australian electoral division
 Canberra Avenue, Canberra
 Canberra Parish, a former parish of Murray County, New South Wales, Australia
 Canberra MRT station, Singapore
 Canberra railway station, Canberra, Australia

Sports
 Canberra Raiders, an Australian rugby league club
 Canberra FC, an Australian football club
 Canberra International, a women's tennis tournament held in Canberra, Australia (2001–2006)

Other uses
 University of Canberra
 Hotel Canberra, Canberra, Australia

See also
 Bukit Canberra, integrated sports and community hub, Singapore
 Canberra Deep Space Communications Complex, Tidbinbilla, near Canberra, Australia
 Canberra distance, a distance function
 City of Canberra (disambiguation)
Cyanogen chloride. Cyanogen chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula NCCl. This linear, triatomic pseudohalogen is an easily condensed colorless gas. More commonly encountered in the laboratory is the related compound cyanogen bromide, a room-temperature solid that is used in biochemical analysis and preparation.   Cyanogen compounds are highly toxic.

Synthesis, basic properties, structure
Cyanogen chloride is a molecule with the connectivity .  Carbon and chlorine are linked by a single bond, and carbon and nitrogen by a triple bond.  It is a linear molecule, as are the related cyanogen halides (NCF, NCBr, NCI).  Cyanogen chloride is produced by the oxidation of sodium cyanide with chlorine.  This reaction proceeds via the intermediate cyanogen ().

The compound trimerizes in the presence of acid to the heterocycle called cyanuric chloride.

Cyanogen chloride is slowly hydrolyzed by water at neutral pH to release cyanate and chloride ions:

Applications in synthesis
Cyanogen chloride is a precursor to the sulfonyl cyanides and chlorosulfonyl isocyanate, a useful reagent in organic synthesis.  

Further chlorination gives the isocyanide dichloride.

Safety
Also known as CK, cyanogen chloride is a highly toxic blood agent, and was once proposed for use in chemical warfare. It causes immediate injury upon contact with the eyes or respiratory organs. Symptoms of exposure may include drowsiness, rhinorrhea (runny nose), sore throat, coughing, confusion, nausea, vomiting, edema, loss of consciousness, convulsions, paralysis, and death. It is especially dangerous because it is capable of penetrating the filters in gas masks, according to United States analysts. CK is unstable due to polymerization, sometimes with explosive violence.

Chemical weapon
Cyanogen chloride is listed in schedule 3 of the Chemical Weapons Convention: all production must be reported to the OPCW.

By 1945, the U.S. Army's Chemical Warfare Service developed chemical warfare rockets intended for the new M9 and M9A1 Bazookas. An M26 Gas Rocket was adapted to fire cyanogen chloride-filled warheads for these rocket launchers. As it was capable of penetrating the protective filter barriers in some gas masks, it was seen as an effective agent against Japanese forces (particularly those hiding in caves or bunkers) because their standard issue gas masks lacked the barriers that would provide protection against cyanogen chloride. The US added the weapon to its arsenal, and considered using it, along with hydrogen cyanide, as part of Operation Downfall, the planned invasion of Japan, but President Harry Truman decided against it, instead using the atomic bombs developed by the secret Manhattan Project. The CK rocket was never deployed or issued to combat personnel.

References

External links
 
 
 

Chlorine compounds
Triatomic molecules
Cyano compounds
Nonmetal halides
Blood agents
Pseudohalogens
Traffic analysis zone. A traffic analysis zone or transportation analysis zone (TAZ) is the unit of geography most commonly used in conventional transportation planning models. The size of a zone varies, but for a typical metropolitan planning software, a zone of under 3,000 people is common.  The spatial extent of zones typically varies in models, ranging from very large areas in the exurb to as small as city blocks or buildings in central business districts. There is no technical reason zones cannot be as small as single buildings, however additional zones add to the computational burden. 

Zones are constructed by census block information.  Typically these blocks are used in transportation models by providing socio-economic data.  States differ in the socio-economic data that they attribute to the zones.  Most often the critical information is the number of automobiles per household, household income, and employment within these zones.  This information helps to further the understanding of trips that are produced and attracted within the zone. Again these zones can change or be altered as mentioned in the first paragraph.  This is done typically to eliminate unneeded areas to limit the computational burden.

References
 Miller, Harvey J. & Shih-Lung Shaw. (2001) Geographic Information Systems for Transportation, Oxford University Press US. p. 248. .
 Caliper Corporation. (2007) "Transcad: Traffic Demand Forecasting"

United States Census Bureau geography
Transportation planning
Skylark (disambiguation). Skylark is a genus of birds. It may also refer to particular species in that genus, such as the Eurasian skylark.

Aircraft
Cessna 175 Skylark, an American aircraft design
Dova DV-1 Skylark, a Czech ultralight aircraft
Skylark (rocket), a British sounding rocket first launched in 1957 from Woomera, Australia
Skylark (UAV), a miniature unmanned aerial vehicle developed by Elbit
a series of gliders produced in Britain in the 1950s and 1960s:
Slingsby Skylark
Slingsby T.41 Skylark 2
Slingsby Skylark 3
Slingsby Skylark 4
Robertson Skylark SRX-1 an STOL aircraft developed by Robertson Development Corp. in the mid-1950s.
Vortech Skylark, an American helicopter design

Books
Skylark (novel), the title of the sequel to Sarah, Plain and Tall by Patricia MacLachlan
 Skylark, the title of the English translation of the novel Pacsirta by the Hungarian author Dezső Kosztolányi
Skylark (publisher), an imprint of Bantam Books
Skylark (series), a series of 4 novels by E. E. Smith, which features a spaceship called Skylark
To a Skylark, is a poem completed by Percy Bysshe Shelley in late June 1820

Film
Dave Skylark, host of Skylark Tonight in the 2014 action-comedy The Interview, who was portrayed by James Franco
Skylark (1934 film), a French comedy film starring Fernandel and Noël-Noël
Skylark (1941 film), an American comedy film starring 	Claudette Colbert and Ray Milland
Skylark (1993 film), starring Glenn Close and Christopher Walken, a sequel to Sarah, Plain and Tall
Sky Larks, a 1934 Walter Lantz film starring Oswald the Lucky Rabbit

Music
Skylark (US musician), a professional bass player and singer associated with the American band The Doobie Brothers
Skylark (Canadian band), a Canadian pop music group best known for their 1973 hit song "Wildflower"
Skylark (Italian band), an Italian power metal band
"Skylark" (song), a 1942 jazz standard by Johnny Mercer (lyricist) and Hoagy Carmichael (composer)
Skylark (Paul Desmond album), 1973
Skylark (Shirley Scott album), 1991
Skylark (George Cables album), 1996

Vehicles
Buick Skylark, a model of American automobile (1953–1998)
Hupp Skylark, a model of American automobile (1939–40)

Other
Skylark Group, a North Indian poultry company
 Skylark, a 1929 aviation comic strip by Elmer Woggon.
USS Skylark
Skylark (radio station), a community radio station in Devon
Noah and Nelly in... SkylArk, a series of short animated children's programmes
Skylark, the current name for the fictional comic book character originally known as Lady Lark
Team Skylark, a fictional all female French racing team on the animation series Immortal Grand Prix (or IGPX)
The unofficial name of the Edward E. Smith Memorial Award
Chip Skylark, a character in The Fairly OddParents
Starlark, a Python-based configuration language used for monorepos that was formerly known as Skylark

See also
Skylarking (disambiguation)
Sky Larkin, a UK indie rock band
"Alouette" (song), an 1879 children's song about plucking a skylark (alouette is the French word for skylark)
Montreal Alouettes, a Canadian football team named after the bird and the song
BSD/OS. BSD/OS is a proprietary Unix-like operating system first released in 1993 as BSD/386. It was originally developed and sold by Berkeley Software Design, Inc. (BSDi) and designed to be a Unix for 386-based PCs. It was built off the Net/2 distribution of BSD, on which the developers had previously contributed to.

Eventually the operating system was also ported to support PowerPC and SPARC architectures, and consequently was retitled to BSD/OS as of version 2.0 (1995). In 2001, BSDi sold the rights of the OS to Wind River Systems who developed and released version 5.0 in 2003 before discontinuing the product.

BSD/OS had a reputation for reliability in server roles; the renowned Unix programmer and author W. Richard Stevens used it for his own personal web server.

History
BSDi was formed in 1991 by members of the Computer Systems Research Group (CSRG) at UC Berkeley to develop and sell a proprietary version of BSD Unix for PC compatible systems with Intel 386 (or later) processors. This made use of work previously done by Bill Jolitz to port BSD to the PC platform. BSDi had distributed over 300 copies of the beta version of BSD/386 by August 1992.

BSD/386 1.0 was released in March 1993. The company sold licenses and support for it, taking advantage of terms in the BSD License which permit use of the BSD software in proprietary systems, as long the author is credited. The company in turn contributed code and resources to the development of non-proprietary BSD operating systems. In the meantime, Jolitz had left BSDi and independently released a free software BSD for PCs, called 386BSD. The BSDi system features complete and thorough manpage documentation for the entire system, including complete syntax and argument explanations, examples, file usage, authors, and cross-references to other commands.

BSD/386 licenses (including source code) were priced at $995, lower than AT&T UNIX System V source licenses, a fact highlighted in their advertisements.  As part of the settlement of USL v. BSDi, BSDI substituted code that had been written for the university's 4.4 BSD-Lite release for disputed code in their OS, effective with release 2.0. By the time of this release, the "386" designation had become dated, and BSD/386 was renamed "BSD/OS". Later releases of BSD/OS also support Sun SPARC-based systems. BSD/OS 5.x versions are available for PowerPC too.

The marketing of BSD/OS became increasingly focused on Internet server applications. However, the increasingly tight market for Unix-compatible software in the late 1990s and early 2000s hurt sales of BSD/OS. On one end of the market, it lacked the certification of the Open Group to bear the UNIX trademark, and the sales force and hardware support of the larger Unix vendors. Simultaneously, it lacked the negligible acquisition cost of the open source BSDs and Linux. BSD/OS was acquired by Wind River Systems in April 2001. Wind River discontinued sales of BSD/OS at the end of 2003, with support terminated at the end of 2004.

Releases

References

Berkeley Software Distribution
Discontinued operating systems
Sea Ferret. The Sea Ferret was a submarine-launched aerial reconnaissance drone under development by the United States Navy, designed to be launched from within a Sub-Harpoon missile canister and controlled by a submerged submarine to provide covert surveillance, weapons targeting, choke point interdiction, and battle damage assessment.

While its primary mission was reconnaissance, Sea Ferret was a weapon, carrying a nine-kilogram (20 lb) warhead, capable of destroying smaller targets like command centers and surface-to-air missile launchers.

Sea Ferret was under development by Northrop Grumman Corporation since 1991, and was successfully demonstrated onboard Asheville (SSN-758).

General characteristics 
 Weight: 
 Wingspan: 
 Range: 
 Loiter: 3 hours
 Speed: 
 Warhead: 20 lb (9 kg)

References

External links 
 Globalsecurity.org – Sea Ferret

United States military reconnaissance aircraft
A350 (disambiguation). A350 usually refers to the Airbus A350, a long-range widebody airliner created by Airbus.

A350 may also refer to:

 The original designation for what is now known as the Airbus A330neo
 Alpine A350, a Formula One race car designed for Alpine in 1968
 A350 road (England), a north–south primary route in southern England
 ABM-1 Galosh or A-350 missile, a nuclear tipped anti-ballistic missile used in the former Soviet Union
 Fujifilm FinePix A350, a basic digital point and shoot camera
 DSLR-A350 aka Sony α350, a digital SLR with A-mount in the Sony Alpha camera system
Gallery road. The archaeological Gallery Roads () were routes traversing remote mountainous regions of China. The roads were fashioned using wooden planks securely fastened within holes carved into cliff sides. Primarily found in the Qin Mountains, they connected the Wei River and the Han River valleys. The first gallery roads were built during the Warring States period (476–221 BC) and used by Qin to invade Shu and Ba. They were fully consolidated into a thriving network during the Han dynasty. Before the 20th century, very primitive versions were used in the western gorges of the Pamir Mountains.

Introduction 

Gallery Roads, Cliff Roads or Plank Roads are notable engineering accomplishments in ancient Chinese history. These infrastructures were predominantly constructed to ease transportation across cliffs in rugged mountainous areas. The Shu Road serves as a prime illustration, traversing some of China's most rugged and desolate terrains, including the Qinling and Daba Mountain ranges. Functioning as a crucial link between the Wei River valley and the ancient capital of Chang'an, this road employed the plank road technique to secure pathways across cliffs and steep ravines.

The construction of gallery roads was tailored to the specific topographical features of the surrounding terrain, resulting in unique structural implementations. The most prevalent type of gallery road is a wooden plank road anchored to cliffs using holes and wooden piles, subsequently covered with wooden boards. An alternative method involved carving stone roads directly into cliff faces.

Modern reconstructions of gallery roads incorporate materials like steel and stone to improve durability. Additionally, specific sections feature glass components aimed at attracting tourists.

Historical evidence of Gallery Road

Shudao 
Shudao is the general name of the historic road that was constructed through the Qinling, Micang and Daba mountainous barrier. The main function of the Shudao is to connect the Wei River valley (today's Guan Zhong) with the ancient capital Chang’An (today's Xi’An) in the north with Shu (today's Chengdu) in the south. The Shu Roads pass through some of the most rugged and desolate terrains in China. The first major highways were most likely built in the Warring States (481–221 BCE) period. During the Qin (221–206 BCE) and Han (206 BCE – 220 CE) dynasties, this road network was massively improved upon. For the most part, the roads were built through natural corridors which had already been established as travel routes by their inhabitants. To build these important paths along the steep and dangerous cliff, the builders used the innovative road-building technique known as "Gallery Road" to fix the roads on the rock walls and cross the mountains, rivers and valleys.

See also
 Stone Cattle Road
 Covered bridge

 Archaeology in China
 Shudao

References 

Ancient roads and tracks
Transport in China
Plank road
NuCalc. NuCalc, also known as Graphing Calculator, is a computer software tool made by Pacific Tech. It can graph inequalities and vector fields, and functions in two, three, or four dimensions. It supports several different coordinate systems, and can solve equations. It runs on OS X as Graphing Calculator, and on Windows.

History
The Graphing Calculator 1.0 software was bundled with all Power Macintosh computers since its introduction in 1994.  Having shipped on more than 20 million machines, it is the most familiar version of the program. This version of Graphing Calculator was secretly developed at Apple by Ron Avitzur, an abandoned contractor who felt obligated to complete the project, and their friend and colleague Greg Robbins.  NuCalc 1.0 is for 680x0 Macintosh.  In 2005, This American Life featured Avitzur's story in episode 284, Should I Stay or Should I go?.

At one time, it was a free download for Mac OS 9, Mac OS X 10.3, and Mac OS X 10.4. However, these may lack some features of 1.0 and may include promotion for the more advanced, commercial version of the software. A Windows version (offered for sale) was renamed NuCalc.

The app has been ported from C++ to SwiftUI.

See also
 Grapher — Apple's replacement is included with Mac OS X 10.4

References

External links

Information and Download for the original Graphing Calculator 1.0 for PowerPC and 680x0 Macs

Google Tech Talk of the story behind NuCalc

Plotting software
MacOS graphics-related software
Windows graphics-related software
Transmission security. Transmission security (TRANSEC) is the component of communications security (COMSEC) that results from the application of measures designed to protect transmissions from interception and exploitation by means other than cryptanalysis. Goals of transmission security include:

 Low probability of interception (LPI)
 Low probability of detection (LPD)
 Antijam — resistance to jamming (EPM or ECCM)
This involves securing communication links from being compromised by techniques like jamming, eavesdropping, and signal interception. TRANSEC includes the use of frequency hopping, spread spectrum and the physical protection of communication links to obscure the patterns of transmission. It is particularly vital in military and government communication systems, where the security of transmitted data is critical to prevent adversaries from gathering intelligence or disrupting operations. TRANSEC is often implemented alongside COMSEC (Communications Security) to form a comprehensive approach to communication security.

Methods used to achieve transmission security include frequency hopping and spread spectrum where the required pseudorandom sequence generation is controlled by a cryptographic algorithm and key. Such keys are known as transmission security keys (TSK). Modern U.S. and NATO TRANSEC-equipped radios include SINCGARS and HAVE QUICK.

See also
 Electronic warfare

References

Cryptography
Military communications
UnixODBC. unixODBC is an open-source project that implements the Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) API. The code is provided under the GNU GPL/LGPL and can be built and used on many different operating systems, including most versions of Unix, Linux, Mac OS X, IBM OS/2 and Microsoft's Interix.

The goals of the project include:
Provide developers with the tools to port Microsoft Windows ODBC applications to other platforms with the minimum of code changes.
Maintain the project as a vendor neutral interface database SDK
Provide people who write ODBC drivers the tools to port their drivers to non Windows platforms
Provide the user with a set of GUI and command line tools for managing their database access
Maintain links with both the free software community and commercial database vendors, to ensure interoperability

History

1999 

The unixODBC project was first started in the early months of 1999 (by Peter Harvey) and was created as at that time the developers of iODBC (another open source ODBC implementation) were not then willing to LGPL the code, expand the API to include the current ODBC 3 API specification, and did not consider the addition of GUI based configuration tools worthwhile. iODBC now has these parts added, and applications that use the ODBC interface may use both iODBC and unixODBC, without change in most cases, as a result of both projects adhering to the single ODBC specification.

1999 July 

The original driver manager was very basic. The driver manager was rewritten by Easysoft's Nick Gorham soon after the project started. Nick assumed leadership of the project in July 1999 with Peter Harvey continuing work on supporting code.

The development of unixODBC progressed since its origin, with contributions from many developers, both in the open source community and also from commercial database companies, including IBM, Oracle Corporation and SAP.

It is included as part of the standard installation of many Linux distributions.

2009 

The unixODBC project was split into several projects (all hosted on SourceForge);
 unixODBC ("Core" and "Dev" bits)
 unixODBC-GUI-Qt (Qt based GUI bits)
 unixODBC-Test (multiple test frameworks)

This split was done to allow faster releases of supporting work while maintaining focus on stability and consistency for the core code.

References

External links
 unixODBC homepage
 UnixODBC & MySQL Sample Program 

Database APIs
SQL data access