omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Charles Schein. Charles Schein (September 25, 1928 – May 1, 2003) was a polymer chemist. A political refugee and (Jewish) survivor of the Holocaust from Romania, he arrived in Paris in 1946 and enrolled at the University of Paris. After receiving his degree, Schein joined the adhesives-formulating group at the French branch of Honeywell. There he developed the modern form of polyvinylchloride (PVC)-based seam sealant used in the manufacturing of automobiles. In the late 1950s, with Honeywell's consent, he founded Caourep. In the 1960s and 70s the Caourep Group followed French and other European OEM automotive producers as they expanded in the first postwar recovery wave of globalization. Caourep established its own plants or licensees in every country in which Renault, Peugeot, Fiat, VW, and Daimler-Benz operated directly or by licensing. By the late 1970s, Caourep had become a supplier to the overseas operations of Ford, GM, and Chrysler. By 1977, Caourep was the largest producer of OEM automotive adhesives and sealants in the world.

1928 births
2003 deaths
20th-century Romanian businesspeople
20th-century French businesspeople
Romanian emigrants to France
University of Paris alumni
Pennsylvania Railroad class AA1. The Pennsylvania Railroad's class AA1 comprised two experimental electric locomotives constructed in 1905 by the company's own Altoona Works with the assistance of Westinghouse. Intended as testbeds as the PRR began its electrification project, both locomotives remained service into the 1930s.

History 
In the early 1900s, the Pennsylvania Railroad embarked on a major program to improve its access to New York City. The New York Tunnel Extension comprised tunnels and approaches from New Jersey and Long Island to Midtown Manhattan, leading to the PRR's massive new station, New York Penn Station. It was obvious that steam locomotives would be inappropriate for prolonged operation underground, so the PRR began experimenting with 600 V DC electrification, which had already been placed into operation elsewhere by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad.

The Pennsylvania Railroad constructed the two locomotives in its Altoona Works as testbeds for larger locomotives to come. Both were of B-B wheel arrangement in the Association of American Railroads classification scheme; each had two trucks, each with two axles and four wheels.

The first,  10001, used direct geared traction motors. The second,  10002, was built with motors mounted in the truck frames and geared to the wheels. Later on it was given one gearless truck.

Both locomotives proved unstable at speed, pounding the track with high lateral forces. A competing experimental unit, "Odd D" #10003, of 4-4-0 wheel arrangement in Whyte notation or 2-B in the AAR scheme, proved much more stable. It was selected as the basis for the production model, which became the PRR DD1 twin-unit locomotive.

At low speeds in switching service, however, the locomotives were acceptable. The first, #10001, was renumbered #3950 and was sold to the (PRR subsidiary) Long Island Rail Road in 1916. Numbered 323 on that road and nicknamed "Phoebe", the locomotive was in use until 1937 when it was scrapped.
No. 10002, meanwhile, was renumbered #3951 and continued in service on the PRR.

Notes

References

External links

 LIRR Early Electric Engines (TrainsAreFun.com)

B-B locomotives
AA1
Long Island Rail Road
600 V DC locomotives
Experimental locomotives
Westinghouse locomotives
Electric locomotives of the United States
Scrapped locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
XSI. XSI may refer to:

 Softimage XSI, a high-end three-dimensional (3D) graphics application
 South Indian Lake Airport, the IATA code for the airport in Canada
 Canon EOS 450D, known as EOS Rebel XSi in North America, a DSLR camera from Canon
 X/Open System Interfaces Extension, a supplementary specification to the Single UNIX Specification 
 A conventional XML namespace prefix for XML Schema instance information
 Broadsoft Xtended Services Interface, a set of APIs for integrating BroadWorks functions with Internet services
Enviroboard. Enviroboard is a paper-like or cardboard-like construction and packaging material, generally manufactured using compressed, ecologically safe, agricultural material. Most often this means employing the use of high-cellulose waste fibres, such as the post-harvest straw of rice, barley, wheat, and elephant grass or alternatively, a more urban waste stream such as newspaper fibre.

Construction panels built from agricultural wastes have been around for hundreds of years, especially in Central and Eastern Europe where pressed leaves and straw were used as insulation and even structural material. Environmental board panels should not be confused with straw bale construction which does not process waste fibres into a compressed standardized board panel.

The concept of environmental construction panels dovetails with the principles of sustainability, namely reducing the impact that the entire life-cycle of constructing built environments has on the environment.

The Securities and Exchange Commission filed fraud charges against Enviroboard on 29 August 2016.

See also 
 Clay panel

References

Building materials
Recycled building materials
Sustainable building
Sustainable architecture
Windows Driver Kit. The Windows Driver Kit (WDK) is a software toolset from Microsoft that enables the development of device drivers for the Microsoft Windows platform. It includes documentation, samples, build environments, and tools for driver developers. A complete toolset for driver development also need the following: a compiler Visual Studio, Windows SDK, and Windows HLK.

History
Previously, the WDK was known as the Driver Development Kit (DDK) and supported Windows Driver Model (WDM) development. It got its current name when Microsoft released Windows Vista and added the following previously separated tools to the kit: Installable File System Kit (IFS Kit), Driver Test Manager (DTM), though DTM was later renamed and removed from WDK again.

The DDK for Windows 2000 and earlier versions did not include a compiler; instead one had to install Visual C++ separately to compile drivers. From the version for Windows XP the DDK and later the WDK include a command-line compiler to compile drivers. One of the reasons Microsoft gave for including a compiler was that the quality of drivers would improve if they were compiled with the same version of the compiler that was used to compile Windows itself while Visual C++ is targeted to application development and has a different product cycle with more frequent changes. The WDK 8.x and later series goes back to require installing a matched version of Visual Studio separately, but this time the integration is more complete in that you can edit, build and debug the driver from within Visual Studio directly.

DDK versions

Note: Windows NT DDK, Windows 98 DDK and Windows 2000 DDK are no longer made available by Microsoft because of Java-related settlements made by Microsoft with Sun Microsystems.

WDK versions

See also
 Windows Driver Frameworks
 Windows Driver Model
 Windows Logo Kit

References

1992 software
Products and services discontinued in 2015
Device drivers
Microsoft application programming interfaces
Microsoft development tools
Programming tools for Windows
Concepts, Techniques, and Models of Computer Programming. Concepts, Techniques, and Models of Computer Programming is a textbook published in 2004 about general computer programming concepts from MIT Press written by Université catholique de Louvain professor Peter Van Roy and Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden professor Seif Haridi.

Using a carefully selected progression of subsets of the Oz programming language, the book explains the most important programming concepts, techniques, and models (paradigms).

Translations of this book have been published in French (by Dunod Éditeur, 2007), Japanese (by Shoeisha, 2007) and Polish (by Helion, 2005).

External links 
 
 Official CTM site, with supplementary material
 Yves Deville et al. review
 CTM wiki

2004 non-fiction books
Computer_programming_books
Computer science books
MIT Press books
MojoWorld Generator. MojoWorld was a commercial, fractal-based modelling program for the creation of digital landscapes, and attracted a following among artists who create space art and science fiction scenes. Originally created by Ken Musgrave, it was marketed commercially by his Pandromeda Inc. company.

Functionality
MojoWorld could generate entire planets through mathematics and procedural generation, using a simple graphical interface and a planet-generation Wizard. The resulting terrain could then be navigated in 3D space much like a videogame, allowing users to easily find exactly the right place for a scenic landscape picture. MojoWorld also allowed the user to edit the landscape and scene, and then have it rendered to an image by the computer.

As well as making still renders of any size, 360-degree views of the planet could also be shared by having the software render a set of 6 x 90-degree tiles covering the entire view. This could be assembled in Quicktime QTVR and shown on the Web. After Quicktime became defunct, tile assemblage was handled by Pano2VR.  In 2004 a wholly free MojoWorld 3 Viewer was also released, which enabled anyone to experience, view and render from a saved MojoWorld planet file.  Render size for the free Viewer was capped at "1024 x 465 pixels with MojoWorld watermark", and animations could be rendered at "320 x 240 pixels".

The software was supported by a detailed 500-page manual. Users expanded the software's functionality with free plugins, such a volumetrics plugin.

Versions
MojoWorld 3.0 was released in 2004 in Standard and Professional versions, with Pro adding official plugins such as MojoTree (forest generation) and a library of plants and planets. Version 3.1 added native support for .pz3 files created with Poser 6. The final release was MojoWorld 3.1.1 in October 2005, featuring procedural forest generation, boulders, and rocks, and enhanced atmospheres.  Many users later migrated to the somewhat similar but more complex E-on Vue landscape software.

MojoWorld 3.1.1 is known to work on Windows 8.1 and 10, and at 2019 a small-but-keen groups of users gather on the Renderosity forum for MojoWorld. There are other users in Russia who keep version 3.1.1 alive, and who can be found via using Russia's Yandex search-engine.

Notable media usage
MojoWorld was used as part of the toolset to create the blockbuster movie The Day After Tomorrow.

MojoWorld was also used to create the planetary backdrops seen in PopCap Games''' Bejeweled 2 and Bejeweled Twist.3D Art Direct'' magazine interviewed and featured many MojoWorld artists from issue #1 to #32.

References

External links
 Official Pandromeda site (defunct, link via Archive.org)
 Official MojoWorld site (defunct, link via Archive.org)
 MojoWorld Archives (defunct)
 Ken Musgrave's site

3D graphics software
Fractal software
Gasogene. The gasogene (or gazogene or seltzogene) is a late Victorian device for producing carbonated water. It consists of two linked glass globes: the lower contained water or other drink to be made sparkling, the upper a mixture of tartaric acid and sodium bicarbonate that reacts to produce carbon dioxide.  The produced gas pushes the liquid in the lower container up a tube and out of the device. The globes are surrounded by a wicker or wire protective mesh, as they have a tendency to explode.

The earliest occurrence of the word noted in the Oxford English Dictionary dates from 1853, quoting a reference in  Practical Mechanic's Journal on "Gaillard and Dubois' 'Gazogene' or Aerated Water apparatus".

In popular culture

A gasogene is mentioned as a residential fixture at 221B Baker Street in Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes story "A Scandal in Bohemia": "With hardly a word spoken, but with a kindly eye, he waved me to an armchair, threw across his case of cigars, and indicated a spirit case and a gasogene in the corner." One is also mentioned in "The Adventure of the Mazarin Stone". The device plays a key role in Bernard Shaw's 1905 comic play Passion, Poison, and Petrifaction, Or The Fatal Gazogene.

The word is also used in Douglas Preston and Lincoln Child's novel Brimstone, published in 2005, on page 106, and in their 2010 novel Fever Dream on page 362, and in their 2013 novel "White Fire."

A gasogene is mentioned, on page 13, as being in the forensic laboratory of Dr. Kingsley, consultant forensic examiner of Scotland Yard in Alex Grecian's 2012 novel The Yard.

A gasogene is mentioned and its use described in Sherry Thomas's novel A Study in Scarlet Women (Book 1 of the Lady Sherlock series) on pages 244 to 246. (Ebook )

Amelia Peabody pulls a bottle of whiskey, a gasogene, and glasses from a hamper in order to make herself a whiskey and soda after getting her family on a train to Luxor in the novel The Golden One by Elizabeth Peters, a pen name of Barbara Mertz.

See also
 Soda syphon
 Sodastream

Notes

References

External links
 picture and description  at 221b BAKER STREET/LA

Carbonated water
Industrial gases
Sarvega. Sarvega, Inc., was an Intel-owned company that provided XML appliances.  The Intel purchase was announced on August 17, 2005, and the company brought into Intel's Software and Services Group (SSG).

Other Global 1000 organizations using Sarvega XPE Switches include Fujitsu, health care supplier Mt. Sinai Hospital Systems, Reactivity and Westbridge Technology. Sarvega is also trying to establish a security appliances product for developing and maintaining safety policy and settings.

See also
XML appliance

References

External links
 Intel Press Release
 Intel Software & Services Group

Web services
Enterprise application integration

XML organizations
Intel acquisitions
Defunct software companies of the United States
Steve Maguire. Steve Maguire is a software engineer and author. He wrote two books on software development, Writing Solid Code and Debugging the Development Process.

Maguire earned a degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of Arizona. In the late 1970s, Maguire was active in developing software developer tools and application utilities for the Processor Technology and NorthStar users' groups. He also authored a few video games. He went on to develop valFORTH in 1982. He also wrote the FORTH development system for Atari programmers that aided development of high-quality graphics applications and video games.

Maguire went to work for Microsoft in 1986, working on Macintosh applications. He was involved with the development of the Mac version of Microsoft Excel and led development of Microsoft's Intel/Macintosh cross-development system. He instigated Microsoft's adoption of a cross-platform shared code strategy.

In 1993, Maguire wrote Writing Solid Code, a guide for writing robust and bug-free C code. In 1993, Writing Solid Code won the Software Development Jolt Productivity Award and awards from the Society for Technical Communication.

While with Microsoft, Maguire was often called upon to help rescue troubled projects. His experiences led to the book Debugging the Development Process, a guide which helps project leads—and developers alike—manage their projects and enjoy their work. Debugging the Development Process won the 1994 Jolt Productivity Award.

Maguire lives in Cincinnati, Ohio, with his wife, Beth. He is an Executive Vice President for Storm Development, a website development company.

Bibliography
 Writing Solid Code (1993)
 Debugging the Development Process (1994)

References

External links
 About Steve Maguire
 Microsoft's blurb on Maguire
 Review of Writing Solid Code

American computer scientists
University of Arizona alumni
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Miyoshi (Mazda factory). Miyoshi Plant is an automobile engine manufacturing complex in Miyoshi, Hiroshima, Japan, operated by Mazda Motor Corporation. The complex produces piston engines and opened in May, 1974. It includes  of space. The plant builds Mazda's F and J engines.

See also
 List of Mazda facilities

External links
 Mazda Factory locations Japan 

Mazda factories
Motor vehicle assembly plants in Japan
Buildings and structures in Hiroshima Prefecture
Integration appliance. An integration appliance is a computer system specifically designed to lower the cost of integrating computer systems.  Most integration appliances send or receive electronic messages from other computers that are exchanging electronic documents.  Most Integration Appliances support XML messaging standards such as SOAP and Web services are frequently referred to as XML appliances and perform functions that can be grouped together as XML-Enabled Networking.

Vendors providing integration appliances
 DataPower XI50 and IBM MQ Appliance — IBM
 Intel SOA Products Division
 Premier, Inc.

References

Networking hardware
Computer systems
Plumber wrench. A plumber wrench (or plumber's wrench, pipe wrench, Swedish wrench or Swedish pattern wrench) is a form of plier described as a pipe wrench that uses compound leverage to grip and rotate plumbing pipes. Similar to the action of a Vise Grip plier, its jaw opening is adjusted to width by rotating a threaded ring.  Its advantage is that it grips with significant force without needing to engage a lock nut like an adjustable tongue-and-groove plier.  Like these, it can also be used on nuts, particularly hex shaped, and other flat engagement points. If used carelessly it can dent or break plumbing pipe.

History
The plumber wrench was invented in 1888 by the Swedish inventor named Johan Petter Johansson.  It shares some principles with both the Stillson-pattern pipe wrench and the rigid pipe wrench, as well as various forms of adjustable pliers, such as the Vise Grip and "Channelock" tongue-and-groove plier.  

Johansson's tool is used rather than a pair of tongs to separate or join
 pipes. It is not widely known in North America, but is common in Europe.

Johansson also improved the adjustable wrench, with a patent in 1891.

See also
Monkey wrench
Pipe wrench
Tongue-and-groove pliers

References

Plumbing
Wrenches
Swedish inventions
Tunisia Polytechnic School. Ecole Polytechnique de Tunisie (EPT), ( al-madrasa at-tounisia lit-takniat,  or EPT) is a Tunisian Engineering School. It was founded on June 26, 1991 by order of law N°91-42, and welcomed its first students in September 1994.

The school is under the sole supervision of the University of Carthage and recruits from a pool of top ranking students from the national engineering school entrance exam. The majority of students belong to the Preparatory Institute for Scientific and Technical Studies.

Admission 
EPT selects only fifty students each academic year from a pool of approximately 4000 students that passed the Tunisian engineering school entrance exam: 30 are selected from MP (Math-Physics) major, 10 are selected from the PC (Physics-Chemistry) major and 10 are selected from T (Technology) major. Admitted students receive three years of multidisciplinary engineering curriculum.

See also
 University of Carthage

References

External links 
 Tunisia Polytechnic School official web site.
 Tunisia Polytechnic School virtual tour.

Education in Tunisia
Educational organisations based in Tunisia
Scientific organisations based in Tunisia
Carthage University
Satellite Launch Vehicle. The Satellite Launch Vehicle or SLV was a small-lift launch vehicle project started in the early 1970s by the Indian Space Research Organisation to develop the technology needed to launch satellites. SLV was intended to reach a height of  and carry a payload of . The first experimental flight of SLV, in August 1979, was a failure. The first successful launch took place on 18 July 1980.

It was a four-stage rocket with all solid-propellant motors.

The first launch of the SLV took place in Sriharikota on 10 August 1979. The fourth and final launch of the SLV took place on 17 April 1983.

It took approximately seven years to realise the vehicle from start. The solid motor case for first and second stage were fabricated from 15 CDV6 steel sheets and third and fourth stages from fibre reinforced plastic. The aerodynamic characterization research was conducted at the National Aerospace Laboratories' 1.2m Trisonic Wind Tunnel Facility.

Launch history
All four SLV launches occurred from the SLV Launch Pad at the Sriharikota High Altitude Range. The first two launches were experimental (E) and the next 2 were designated as developmental (D) as this was the first launch vehicle being developed by India not intended for a long service life.

Launch statistics 

Decade-wise summary of SLV launches

See also
 
 Comparison of orbital launchers families
 Timeline of artificial satellites and space probes

References

 https://web.archive.org/web/20071009040815/http://www.bharat-rakshak.com/SPACE/space-launchers-slv.html

Space programme of India
ISRO space launch vehicles
Microsatellite launch vehicles
Satish Dhawan Space Centre
Vehicles introduced in 1979
Phosphorus trichloride (data page). This page provides supplementary chemical data on phosphorus trichloride.

Material Safety Data Sheet  

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source  such as SIRI, and follow its directions.
Aldrich MSDS
Baker MSDS
Fisher MSDS

Structure and properties

Thermodynamic properties

Spectral data

References

Chemical data pages
Chemical data pages cleanup
Johan August Brinell. August Brinell (10 October 1849 – 17 November 1925) was a Swedish metallurgical engineer.

Brinell is noted as the creator of a method for quantifying the surface hardness of materials, now known as the Brinell hardness test.  His name is also commemorated in the description of a failure mechanism of material surfaces known as Brinelling.

Biography
Brinell was born in Bringetofta, Nässjö Kommun, Sweden.  He began his career as an Engineer at the Lesjöfors Ironworks and in 1882 became chief engineer at the Fagersta Ironworks.  In 1903 he became Chief Engineer at Jernkontoret, the Swedish Ironmasters' Association.  He remained at that post until 1914.  

Brinell was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1902, and of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences in 1919. He was awarded the Bessemer Gold Medal of the Iron and Steel Institute in 1907. 

He died of pneumonia in 1925 in Stockholm.

Legacy
Brinell is best known today for the Brinell hardness test, which he proposed in 1900.  In this test a 10-millimetre diameter hardened steel or carbide ball is pushed into the surface of the material being tested, with a 3000 kg imposed load.  The depth to which the ball penetrates the material surface is an indication of the Brinell Hardness Number, which is calculated as follows:

BHN = load in kilograms divided by the spherical area of the indentation in square
millimetres (refer to Brinell scale for method of calculation)

It is a rapid, non-destructive (except at the surface being tested) means of determining the hardness of metals. This area is a function of the ball diameter and the depth of the indentation. With minor variations, his test still remains in wide use.
This method is best for achieving the macro-hardness of material, particularly those materials with heterogenous structure.

The high school or gymnasium in Nässjö is named after him

External links 

 Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography
 Svenskt porträttgalleri. XVII. - Stockholm, 1905, Brinell, Johan August

References

Swedish metallurgists
Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences
1849 births
1925 deaths
Bessemer Gold Medal