omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Audi Rosemeyer. The Audi Rosemeyer is a concept car built by Audi, shown initially at Autostadt and at various auto shows throughout Europe during 2000. It featured a polished aluminum body inspired by 1930s Auto Union racecars, and a mid mounted WR16 engine that would later be used in the Bugatti Veyron.

Information
The Rosemeyer combined elements of modern design with styling strongly resembling the former Auto Union "Silver Arrows" Grand Prix racers, namely their 16-cylinder car driven by Bernd Rosemeyer, after which the car is named. The concept is also highly reminiscent of the "Type 52" design study penned by Dr. Ferdinand Porsche and Dr. Erwin Komenda in the 1930s as a possible road going version of the Silver Arrows, which never saw production.

The Rosemeyer was powered by a naturally aspirated 8.0L mid-mounted WR16 engine developing , and featured Audi's quattro permanent four-wheel drive system. The engine had previously been used in the Bentley Hunaudières concept, introduced a year earlier. The Rosemeyer was ultimately deemed unfit for production, both because of extremely high projected production costs, and Audi's unwillingness to create in-house competition with Lamborghini, which Audi had purchased during the 1990s. In some ways, Audi's Gallardo-based R8 could be considered the Rosemeyer's successor, as it was derived from Audi's next supercar concept, the Le Mans quattro. In other ways, the Bugatti Veyron could be seen as the Rosemeyer's successor, drawing some design elements and the WR16 engine from the Rosemeyer. The top speed was estimated to be  it couldn't be tested as the car wasn't functional.

Images

References

External links

Audi.com

Rosemeyer
Sports cars
2000s cars
Coupés
Rear mid-engine, all-wheel-drive vehicles
Retro-style automobiles
James Pearson (engineer). James Pearson (c. 182030 August 1891) was a 19th-century English railway engineer. He is best remembered as the designer of the distinctive Bristol and Exeter Railway 4-2-4T locomotives.

Career

South Devon Railway
Pearson was the engineer responsible for the daily operations of Isambard Kingdom Brunel's ill-fated atmospheric equipment on the South Devon Railway. Trains only ran in service from 13 September 1847 to 9 September 1848, but he was retained while the equipment was disposed of.

Bristol and Exeter Railway
In May 1850 he became the Bristol and Exeter Railway's Locomotive Engineer. Under his control the railway set up new locomotive works at Bristol Temple Meads. These opened in 1851 and built most of the railway's new broad gauge locomotives from 1859.

Locomotives designs
The most significant locomotives designed by James Pearson were:
 1851 Bristol and Exeter Railway 2-2-2T locomotives – 7 small tank locomotives
 1854 Bristol and Exeter Railway 4-2-4T locomotives – 8 locomotives with 9 feet wheels
 1855 Bristol and Exeter Railway 4-4-0ST locomotives – 26 saddle tank locomotives
 1856 Bristol and Exeter Railway 0-6-0 locomotives – 6 goods locomotives
 1859 Bristol and Exeter Railway 4-2-4T locomotives – 2 locomotives with 7 feet 6 inch wheels
 1868 Bristol and Exeter Railway 4-2-4T locomotives – 4  locomotives with 8 feet 10 inch wheels
 1870 Bristol and Exeter Railway 2-4-0 locomotives – 10 passenger locomotives
 1874 Bristol and Exeter Railway 2-4-0 locomotives – 3 convertible passenger locomotives

Personal life and death
Pearson married Jessy Agnes Mudge, eldest daughter of John Mudge, on 26December 1850 at Brampford Speke, Devon. He died on 30August 1891, aged 71, at his home in Gordon Road, West Ealing.

See also
 South Devon Railway engine houses

References

Bibliography
 
 
 

1820s births
1891 deaths
Date of birth missing
English railway mechanical engineers
Locomotive builders and designers
Elkhart Motor Truck Company. Elkhart Motor Truck Company, from 1926 to 1929 known as Valley Motor Truck Company, and from 1918 to 1926, as Huffman Brothers Motor Company, was a motor vehicle manufacturer based in Elkhart, Indiana, United States, that operated from 1918 to 1931. Until 1925, the company produced passenger cars. It also manufactured light trucks.

History 

Huffman Brothers Motor Company was founded in 1918, in the town of Elkhart, Indiana, United States. It began manufacturing commercial vehicles between 1918 and 1919. In September 1919, the company announced the production of new models, under the brand name Huffman Six which were introduced in 1920. All cars manufactured by the company had a six-cylinder engine. In 1920, the company released Model R, a touring car with five seats. It had an engine that produced 55 horcepower (41 KW), and its chassis had a wheelbase with a length of 305 cm (120 in). 187 units were manufactured. The company also manufactured Huffman Truck, a light truck with the payload capacity between 907 kg (2000 lbs) and 2495 kg (5500 lbs). Its wheelbase had a length of 355.6 cm (140 in). From 1921 to 1922, the company manufactured Model 7-R, which had the same specifications as its predecessor. 250 units were manufactured.

In the summer of 1920, in October 1921, and in April 1923, the company was in the state of insolvency, however, it survived each of those instances. In 1923, W. L. Huffman was the president of the company.

In 1923, the company manufactured Model K, with unchanged specifications. For the first time, aside from the five-seater touring car version, other configurations were introduced. They were: a two-seater roadster, five-seater sports touring car, and a seven-seater sedan. 103 units were manufactured. In 1925, the company manufactured Model L. It had a six-cylinder engine with 50 horcepower (37.3 KW), and a chassis with the wheelbase with a length of 292 cm (115 ft). The car was available in the versions: five-seater phaeton, two-seater sports roadster, four-seater semi-sedan, three-seater coupe, and five-seater Artcraft sedan. 150 units were manufactured.

The company ceased manufacturing cars in 1925. In total, throughout its time of operation, it had manufactured 690 cars.

In June 1926, the company was renamed to Valley Motor Truck Company, and began using the brand name Valley. In 1929, it was again renamed Elkhart Motor Truck Company. The company was dissolved in 1931.

Gallery

References

Motor vehicle manufacturers based in Indiana
Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United States
Defunct truck manufacturers of the United States
Cars introduced in 1918
Companies based in Elkhart County, Indiana
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1918
Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1931
1918 establishments in Indiana
1931 disestablishments in Indiana
Defunct manufacturing companies based in Indiana
Touring cars
Sports car manufacturers
Roadsters
Light trucks
Sedans
Elkhart, Indiana
Cars discontinued in 1925
Neuron (disambiguation). Neuron is one of the primary cell types in the nervous system.

Neuron may also refer to:
 Artificial neuron, the basic unit in an artificial neural network
 Hartmann Neuron, an electronic musical instrument
 The Dassault nEUROn, a planned stealth unmanned combat air vehicle designed by a consortium of European countries
 Neuron (journal), a scientific journal publishing scholarly neuroscience articles
 Neuron (software), a simulation environment used in computational neuroscience for modeling individual neurons and networks of neurons
 "Neurons", a song by Avey Tare from 7s
Black's equation. Black's Equation is a mathematical model for the mean time to failure (MTTF) of a semiconductor circuit due to electromigration: a phenomenon of molecular rearrangement (movement) in the solid phase caused by an electromagnetic field.

The equation is:
 
where
  is a constant
  is the current density
  is a model parameter
  is the activation energy
  is the Boltzmann constant
  is the absolute temperature

The model is abstract, not based on a specific physical model, but flexibly describes the failure rate dependence on the temperature, the electrical stress, and the specific technology and materials. More adequately described as descriptive than prescriptive, the values for A, n, and Q are found by fitting the model to experimental data.

The model's value is that it maps experimental data taken at elevated temperature and electrical stress levels in short periods of time to expected component failure rates under actual operating conditions. Experimental data is obtained by running a combination of high temperature operating life (HTOL), electrical, and any other relevant operating environment variables.

References 

 

Electronic design automation
Electronics concepts
Business application language. Business Application Language (BAL) refers to one of many offshoots of the BASIC language and should not be confused with IBM's well-established Basic assembly language.

History
Business Application Language was originally defined by Honeywell in 1973 and the major diffusion was in their system '80-'90 in Europe with the work of French firm Prologue S.A. that used BAL for programming on their proprietary Operative System (Prologue).

In 1986 the language was ported to the Unix platform by GuyPes.  The first development environment, named Balix, are distributed starting in  1988 in Italy and France. A different evolution path was made by Prologue S.A., named ABAL, in 1992.

The evolution of Balix, developed in Italy, is called B2U (an acronym for Business under UNIX) developed by GuyPes, and are used for a Banking Information System that are used by one hundred banks in Italy.

References

External links
 GuyPes: http://www.guypes.it
 GuyPes B2U: http://b2u.guypes.it/

BASIC programming language family
Bounded pointer. In computer science, a bounded pointer is a pointer that is augmented with additional information that enable the storage bounds within which it may point to be deduced. This additional information sometimes takes the form of two pointers holding the upper and lower addresses of the storage occupied by the object to which the bounded pointer points.

Use of bound information makes it possible for a compiler to generate code that performs bounds checking, i.e. that tests if a pointer's value lies within the bounds prior to dereferencing the pointer or modifying the value of the pointer. If the bounds are violated some kind of exception may be raised.  This is especially useful for data constructs such as arrays in C.

See also
 Bounds-checking elimination
 Smart pointer
 Tagged pointer

References 

Data types
Molybdochalkos. Molybdochalkos (Greek: Χαλκομόλυβδος, "copper-lead") is an alloy of copper and lead. It was the typical base metal used in the kerotakis, an alchemical invention credited to Mary the Jewess.

In Mary's writings, the "blackened lead" formed by exposing the alloy to sulfur vapors was considered an artificial decomposition, entirely separate from naturally black lead. This would form a basis for the alchemical process of blackening that would later be named nigredo.

References

Copper alloys
Lead alloys
Air Inferno. Air Inferno is a 1990 flight simulation arcade video game developed and released by Taito, in Japan, Europe and North America. A spin-off from Taito's Landing series, Air Inferno is an aerial firefighting simulation that involves piloting a helicopter on various rescue missions, shooting a fire extinguisher to extinguish flames while rescuing civilians.

Like its predecessor Top Landing (1988), Air Inferno uses flat-shaded, 3D polygon graphics. Both games run on the Taito Air System hardware which uses 68000 (12 MHz) and Z80 (4 MHz) microprocessors as CPU and a TMS320C25 (24 MHz) digital signal processor as GPU. The game comes in two types of arcade cabinets: a deluxe motion simulator cockpit cabinet and a standard cockpit cabinet.

Reception 
In Japan, Game Machine listed Air Inferno on their August 1, 1990 issue as being the most-successful upright arcade/cockpit unit of the month.

The arcade game received positive reviews from critics. Sinclair User magazine it an 89% score, praising the "fab" 3D graphics, "realistic controls" and for being "something very different compared to the usual arcade machine." Julian Rignall rated the game 88% in Computer and Video Games magazine. Nick Kelly rated it 85% in CU Amiga. David Wilson rated it four out of five in Zero magazine, and 80% in Your Sinclair.

See also 
 Landing (series)
 Thunder Blade (1987)
 Steel Talons (1991)

References

External links
 Air Inferno at Arcade History
 

1990 video games
Arcade video games
Arcade-only video games
Helicopter video games
Flight simulation video games
Video games about firefighting
Taito arcade games
Aerial firefighting
Video games developed in Japan
Single-player video games
IPG. IPG may refer to:

Immobilized pH gradient, a method used in isoelectric focusing
Impedance phlebography, a medical test
Implanted pulse generator (neurostimulator), a battery-powered device designed to deliver electrical stimulation to the brain
Independent Publishers Group, a book distributor
Interactive program guide, another name for an electronic program guide, a graphical user interface for cable TV boxes, satellite TV boxes, VCRs, DVRs and televisions which displays programming information 
Internet Press Guild an invitation-only group of journalists, editors and industry analysts
Interpacket gap (interframe gap), a networking term describing a part of total latency on a link
The Interpublic Group of Companies, a marketing and communications group
Intertape Polymer Group, a packaging products manufacturer
IPG Photonics, a fiber laser manufacturer
iPod games file extension
Crimplene. Crimplene is a texturised continuous fibre launched in 1959, produced by modifying Terylene. The patent was taken out by Mario Nava of Chesline and Crepes Ltd of Macclesfield, and sold to ICI Fibres. ICI licensed the product to various throwsters. The largest producer was William Tatton of Leek, and the Golborne factory was at one time capable of taking the entire output of ICI's Wilton production of Terylene.

Although it was highly profitable in the 1960s, the market collapsed in the 1970s, with ICI taking control of Tattons and Qualitex to form Intex Yarns. Production was dramatically reduced, and ICI sold Intex at a later stage with it closing completely some time later.

History
Astronlon-C, a polyamide yarn, and Astralene-C, a polyester yarn,  were irritating to the skin when made into clothing. Companies had been trying for some time to find an artificial yarn alternative.

By boiling them for varying periods in a domestic pressure cooker at home, Dennis Hibbert, chief textile engineer at Cheslene and Crepes Sutton Mills, Macclesfield, believed he had found the answer. Along with the chief engineer at Scraggs Ltd, Macclesfield, they designed a machine to replicate his findings. The name "Crimplene" was chosen for two reasons: the Crimple Valley nearby to ICI's headquarters in Harrogate, and the word "crimp" (meaning to fold and press). After successful trials, Hibbert's wife Margaret wore the first Crimplene dress, and the patent rights were sold to ICI.

A 1960 article in the industry journal The Hosiery Times describing the new fabric was followed by widespread publicity and a range of Crimplene clothing was launched at a series of fashion shows in London, Paris, New York and Milan. Widespread retailing began in the mid-1960s along with a substantial and enduring advertisement campaign that stressed its convenient 'wash-and-wear' properties. Crimplene was particularly suited to the fashionable A-line dress styles of 1960s fashion and soon became synonymous for budget-priced fashions for young women and for children. Crimplene suits were also  regarded in some countries as "working-men's going-out clothes". 

From the early-1970s Crimplene began to fall out of fashion in the UK and its use was increasingly in day wear for the suburban middle-aged. Lighter-weight polyester fabrics had been introduced and were preferred for their tailoring qualities, ease of movement and shape, and especially ventilation. Consumers complained that Crimplene retained body odour and was subject to surface 'bobbling'. Later, preferences drifted towards natural cottons.

Mario Nava received an OBE in June 1979.

References

Polyesters
Woven fabrics
1960s fashion
Synthetic fibers
Mike Johnson (technologist). William Michael Johnson is a technologist, and pioneer in superscalar microprocessor design in the United States.

Johnson holds bachelor's and master's degrees in electrical engineering, both from Arizona State University. 
Johnson was an architect and designer of early reduced instruction set computing (RISC) processors at IBM known as ROMP, in Austin, Texas.
Johnson joined Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) in 1985 as the chief architect of the AMD Am29000 family (commonly known as "29K") of microprocessors.
He graduated with a Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Stanford University in 1989, working with Professor Mark Horowitz.

He held various management and leadership positions on the AMD K5 and K7 processor teams.  He was vice president of the Advanced Architecture Labs, responsible for technology development in the areas of processor, multimedia, networking, telecommunications, and personal computer system products. He was vice president of the AMD Personal Connectivity Solutions Group in 2002.
By 2004 he was a senior AMD fellow.

Later he headed Texas Instruments' Austin Microprocessor Design Center.
He helped organize a 2005 conference on revitalizing computer architecture research.
He served on the electrical engineering advisory council for Arizona State.

Johnson wrote a seminal book on microprocessor superscalar architecture in 1991. The first book on the subject, it was an expanded version of his dissertation, and included an appendix on applying the techniques to the Intel Corporation x86 architecture. He was quoted as saying: "The x86 really isn't all that complex—it just doesn't make a lot of sense."

Selected works
 Mike Johnson, Superscalar Microprocessor Design, Prentice-Hall, 1991, 
  Technical Report No. CSL-TR-89-383

References

Stanford University alumni
American computer scientists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Ira A. Fulton Schools of Engineering alumni
Enquiry character. In computer communications, enquiry is a transmission-control character that requests a response from the receiving station with which a connection has been set up. It represents a signal intended to trigger a response at the receiving end, to see whether it is still present. The response, an answer-back code to the terminal that transmitted the WRU (who are you) signal, may include station identification, the type of equipment in service, and the status of the remote station.

Some teleprinters had a "programmable" drum, which could hold a 20- or 22-character message. The message was encoded on the drum by breaking tabs off the drum. This sequence could be transmitted upon receipt of an enquiry signal, if enabled, or by pressing the "Here is" key on the keyboard.

The 5-bit ITA2 has an enquiry character, as do the later ASCII and EBCDIC.

In the 1960s, DEC routinely disabled the answerback feature on Teletype Model 33 terminals because it interfered with the use of the paper-tape reader and punch for binary data. However, the DEC VT100 terminals from 1978 responded to enquiry with a user-configurable answerback message, as did its successors.

See also 
 C0 and C1 control codes
 Keepalive

References

External links 
 Browser Test Page for Unicode Character 'ENQUIRY' (U+0005)

Control characters
Toyota eCom. The Toyota eCom is an electric vehicle (EV) that Toyota first demonstrated at the 1997 Tokyo Motor Show. The premise of the eCom was not to be just a small car, but a car available to everybody that had a special electronic card instead of a key, promoting carpooling. It was seen in various car shows and demonstrations in three color schemes, one being white with blue fringes, another gold with blue fringes and the third very similar to the first with green-blue fringes.

Thirty eComs were made and stations were set up for rental in Toyota City as part of the "Toyota Crayon" project and an additional twenty were rented to the Tama New Town experimental community transportation project near Tokyo.

Toyota Motor Sales USA joined with the University of California, Irvine and other partners to demonstrate the shared use of electric cars utilizing the eCom, Toyota's 2-passenger personal transport EV. Participants include companies located in University Research Park, a commercial park next to the university. Along with sharing cars, the "Living Power Park Laboratory" would investigate breakthrough concepts in urban design, electricity generated by stationary fuel cells, and use of a micro power grid to distribute electricity. A fleet of eComs were used for short-distance shared-usage driving and commuting.

The eCom and cars like it were pulled from Toyota's widespread lineup not long after for financial reasons.

See also 
 Toyota C+pod
 Toyota eQ

References 

ECom
Electric car models
Polyphenylsulfone. Polyphenylsulfone (PPSF or PPSU) is a high performance polymer made of aromatic rings linked by sulfone (SO2) groups.

Production
Commercially important polysulfones are prepared by condensation of 4,4'-bis(chlorophenyl)sulfone with various bisphenols. Two bisphenols for this application are bisphenol A (the polymer being called PSF) and 4,4'-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone (the polymer being called PES).

Applications
PPSF is a moldable plastic often used in rapid prototyping and rapid manufacturing (direct digital manufacturing) applications. Polyphenylsulfone is heat and chemical-resistant suited for automotive, aerospace, and plumbing applications. Polyphenylsulfone has no melting point, reflecting its amorphous nature, and offers tensile strength up to 55 MPa (8000 psi). Its commercial name is Radel. In plumbing applications, polyphenylsulfone fittings have been found to sometimes form cracks prematurely or to experience failure when improperly installed using non-manufacturer approved installation methods or systems.

References

3D printing
Plastics
Benzosulfones
TDM Bus. A TDM bus is one application of the principle of Time-Division Multiplexing.

In a TDM Bus, data or information arriving from an input line is put onto specific timeslots on a high-speed bus, where a recipient would listen to the bus and pick out only the signals for a certain timeslot.

It resembles the TDM carried out in synchronous optical networking, but the "TDM Bus" term is more commonly used when the bus is inside a single unit like a telecommunications switch or a PC.

A specification for putting a TDM bus on PCI hardware has been published as H.100/H.110 by the Enterprise Computer Telephony Forum (ECTF). These are not related to the ITU-T recommendations with the same identifiers.

References 

Telephony