omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
G. David Nordley. G. David Nordley (born 1947 in Minneapolis) is a science fiction writer, physicist, and astronautical engineering consultant whose fiction writing is most associated with Analog Science Fiction and Fact. His fiction is under the name G. David Nordley while his technical writing is written under the name Gerald D. Nordley. He is a fellow of the British Interplanetary Society and a senior member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Gerald is an active participant in the Contact Conference, which is currently held every two years in Northern California.

His Into the Miranda Rift was nominated for both the Hugo Award for Best Novella and the Nebula Award for Best Novella.

Bibliography

Books

Short fiction 
Collections

Stories

Critical studies and reviews of Nordley's work

References

External links
G. David Nordley's Home Page

1947 births
Living people
American male novelists
American male short story writers
American science fiction writers
American short story writers
American Unitarian Universalists
Asimov's Science Fiction people
Writers from Minneapolis
Novelists from Minnesota
Vex. Vex or VEX may refer to:

Technology
 VEX prefix, a microprocessor opcode prefix and coding scheme for the x64 and x86 instruction set architecture
 Vex, a scripting language in the software Houdini 
 Venus Express, a European Space Agency space mission to the planet Venus
 Vex, a suborbital test Tronador rocket in development by Argentina
 VEX Robotics, a robotics program for elementary through university students 
 Vulnerability Exploitability eXchange, an industry standard for describing software vulnerabilities and their exploitability.

Fiction
Voltayre's Encyclopedia Xenobiologica, a fictional guide to the 1994 Babylon 5 universe
Vex, a character in the 2010 Canadian television series Lost Girl
Vex, a character in the 2011 video game Darkspore
Vex, a character in the 2011 video game The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim
The Vex, a race of semi-organic machines and one of the four alien enemy factions found in the 2014 video game Destiny
Vex'ahlia "Vex" de Rolo, a half-elven ranger / rogue character in the 2015 American web series Critical Role where professional voice actors play the role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons
Vex, a mob from Minecraft summoned by Evokers.
Vex, The Gloomist, a playable champion character in the MOBA video game League of Legends
 Vex (Ninjago), a character in Ninjago

Other uses
 Vex (album), by Steel Pulse
 Vex, Switzerland, a municipality
 Ulorin Vex, English model
 Vex (brachiopod), a brachiopod genus; See List of brachiopod genera
 Virgin Express, a European airline, now merged into Brussels Airlines

See also
 VEX Robotics Competition, a robotics competition
 FIRST Vex Challenge, another robotics competition
 Z.Vex Effects, a US effects pedal company founded by Zachary Vex
 Z.Vex Fuzz Factory, a brand of fuzz box used for musical effects
EnerGuide. EnerGuide is the official mark of the Government of Canada for its energy performance rating and labeling program for key consumer items—houses, light-duty vehicles, and certain energy-using products.

The EnerGuide efficiency percent is calculated by dividing the power output by power input. EnerGuide labelling exists for appliances, heating and cooling equipment, houses and vehicles.

EnerGuide includes a house energy evaluation, including tests to find air leakage and the energy efficiency of its heating. It was designed to help Canadians reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and to save energy.  To accomplish the same goals for new home construction the EnerGuide for New Houses program was initiated in 2006.

The new Saskatchewan EnerGuide for Houses program is active from April 1, 2011 to October 31, 2013.

EnerGuide for New Houses
The EnerGuide for New Houses program, a sister program of EnerGuide for Houses, helps Canadians plan and build new homes that are cost-effective and energy efficient, that lower greenhouse gas emissions and save energy.

In addition to evaluating the design trade-offs that affect the annual energy usage of the home it is also a ranking system.  The EnerGuide for Houses scale goes from 0-100 with 0 being the least efficient and 100 being the most energy efficient.  In 2005 the average home in Canada had a rating of 66 on the EnerGuide scale.  By comparison a home built to the R-2000 standard has a rating of 80.  

The steps involved for the EnerGuide for New Houses process are:

1. The EnerGuide for New Houses service starts with an analysis of the new house plans selected by the pending home owner by an EnerGuide for New Houses energy advisor. 
2. The advisor recommends energy-saving upgrades and works with the builder to develop a report that lists various cost-effective options. 
3. The builder then estimates the upgrade work and provides the client with a price. 
4. When construction is done, the EnerGuide advisor verifies the applied energy upgrades and performs a blower door test. 
5. After the data has been collected, the home receives its EnerGuide for New Houses rating. 
6. The home owner is provided an official label to display the rating on the home’s furnace or electrical box.

See also
Energy audit

References

External links
EnerGuide
Dividing heating bill by ten to build for tomorrow (translated from French)
https://web.archive.org/web/20090227045439/http://oee.nrcan.gc.ca/corporate/retrofit-summary.cfm?attr=0

Energy conservation in Canada
Building energy rating
Chris Taylor (engineer). Christopher Malcolm Taylor (born 15 January 1943) is an engineer who was the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Bradford, holding the post from 1 October 2001 until 30 April 2007 when he retired.

Life
Taylor was born in Leeds and educated at Leeds Modern School, King's College London (BScEng) and the University of Leeds (MSc, PhD, DEng).  He worked as an engineer for The English Electric Company Ltd and then was a Senior Engineering Consultant in an Industrial Unit of Tribology.
He started his academic career at the University of Leeds in 1971 and has published over 150 papers.

Honours
Taylor is a Fellow of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IMechE), a Chartered Engineer, a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering and a Fellow of The City and Guilds of London Institute. In 2003 Taylor was President of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers.

Taylor's work has been recognised by the award of the Tribology Silver Medal of the IMechE.

References

External links
The Institution of Mechanical Engineers - Times of Change, Presidential Address, 28 May 2003

1943 births
Living people
Alumni of King's College London
Alumni of the University of Leeds
People associated with the University of Bradford
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
Fellows of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers
Vice-chancellors of the University of Bradford
TCPware. TCPware is a third party layered product published by "Process Software LLC" of Framingham, Massachusetts to add TCP/IP capabilities to Digital Equipment Corporation's VMS operating system. In the early 1990s Digital Equipment Corporation had an internal policy favoring their own product, DECnet. Meanwhile, many VMS users in governments, large corporations and universities were discovering the "TCP/IP based" internet and required third party software to enable connectivity to it.

TCPware was enhanced in subsequent releases. Version 2.2, in 1991, added support for Sybase database procucts using the standard VMS functions. It introduced remote procedure calls (RPCs) to support distributed computing. It also added tn3270 for IBM 3270 terminal emulation, and support for the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). The current version is 6.1.

Two features of the TCPware APIs, the "Telnet Library" and the "FTP Library", allow a relatively inexperienced programmer to use a high level language to write software which will connect across the internet. Quite a bit of legacy software now relies on these modules. TCPware's "Telnet Library" can be used for other protocol transfers like HTTP and SMTP.

In the early 1990s, DEC produced its own version of UNIX called ULTRIX which supported TCP/IP. Almost as a "skunk works" project, it produced a layered product for VMS called UCX (Ultrix Communications Extensions) which later evolved into "TCPIP Services for OpenVMS".

References

External links
 www.process.com

Internet protocols
OpenVMS software
Transmission Control Protocol
Software architecture analysis method. Software architecture analysis method (SAAM) is a method used in software architecture to evaluate a system architecture. It was the first documented software architecture analysis method, and was developed in the mid 1990s to analyze a system for modifiability, but it is useful for testing any non-functional aspect.

SAAM was a precursor to the architecture tradeoff analysis method.

See also
ARID
Architectural analytics

References

Software architecture
Fieseler Fi 157. The Fieseler Fi 157 was an unsuccessful attempt at developing a radio-controlled, full-sized anti-aircraft target.

Design and development
In 1937, the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (RLM) contracted Fieseler to produce a radio controlled anti-aircraft target drone. The resulting Fi 157 was a low-wing monoplane of entirely wooden construction and was carried beneath a bomber before being released. All three prototypes crashed during testing; a single example of a manned version, designated Fi 158, was built to investigate remote guidance.

Specifications (Fieseler Fi 157)

See also

Notes

References

Further reading

External links

 histaviation.com 
 wehrmacht-history 

Target drones of Germany
Fi 157
Parasite aircraft
1930s German special-purpose aircraft
Unmanned military aircraft of Germany
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Mid-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1937
Single-engined piston aircraft
Sacramento Mather Airport. Sacramento Mather Airport  (Mather Airport) is a public airport 11 miles east of Sacramento, in Sacramento County, California, United States. It is on the site of Mather Air Force Base, which closed in 1993 pursuant to BRAC action.

Facilities
Sacramento Mather Airport covers  at an elevation of 98 feet (30 m). It has two runways: 04L/22R is 6,081 by 150 feet (1,853 x 46 m) asphalt; 04R/22L is 11,301 by 150 feet (3,445 x 46 m) concrete/asphalt. The airport has two helipads: H1 is 30 x 30 ft. (9 x 9 m); H2 is 100 x 100 ft. (30 x 30 m).

For the year ending December 31, 2018, the airport had 99,467 aircraft operations, an average of 272 per day: 51% general aviation, 13% air taxi, 5% airline, and 32% military. Fifty-two aircraft were then based at this airport: 10 single-engined, 1 multiengined, and 41 military.

Cargo airlines

Incidents
On February 16, 2000 Emery Worldwide Flight 17, a DC-8 cargo plane crashed shortly after takeoff from this airport, killing all three crewmembers.  This incident was profiled on the Canadian TV show Mayday (known as Air Disasters in the United States) on the Smithsonian Channel.

References

External links
 
 

Airports in Sacramento County, California
Baltic Pipeline System. The Baltic Pipeline System (BPS) is a Russian oil transport system operated by the oil pipeline company Transneft. The BPS transports oil from the Timan-Pechora region, West Siberia and Urals-Volga regions to Primorsk oil terminal at the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland.

History
The project started in 1997 and construction was completed in December 2001. In April 2006 the Baltic Pipeline System reached full design capacity.

Technical features
Main elements of the BPS-1 are:

 Yaroslavl-Kirishi pipeline
 Kirishi pumping station
 Kirishi-Primorsk pipeline
 Oil terminal in Primorsk.

The capacity of the BPS-1 is 76.5 million tons of oil per year.

Controversy
During planning and construction stages, the project was criticized by environmentalists, mainly because of the Baltic Sea's status as a particularly sensitive sea area and Primorsk’s proximity to the Beryozovye Islands nature reserve, a major bird sanctuary protected by the Ramsar Convention.

BPS-2

The Baltic Pipeline System-2 (BPS-2) is a second trunk line of the system running from the Unecha junction of the Druzhba pipeline near the Russia-Belarus border to the Ust-Luga terminal on the Gulf of Finland with a  long branch line to the Kirishi oil refinery. The construction of the BPS-2 started on 10 June 2009 and it entered in function in late March 2012.

See also

 Druzhba pipeline
 Caspian Pipeline Consortium
 Sever Pipeline

References

External links
 Baltic Pipeline System - environmental safety and reliability, Transneft

Energy infrastructure completed in 2001
Oil pipelines in Russia
Pacbase. IBM VisualAge Pacbase is a code-switching structured programming language that is developed and maintained by IBM.  VisualAge Pacbase runs on both IBM and non-IBM mainframes and integrates with IBM WebSphere Studio Application Developer.  When compiling Pacbase code it is first translated into COBOL and then compiled to binary.

PACBASE was an early advanced computer-aided software engineering (CASE) software for mainframes and Unix systems from CGI (Compagnie Générale d'Informatique, a French software house) that supported a wide variety of databases, including DB2 and Oracle. PACBASE generated COBOL code for the servers, and Visual Age for PACBASE was used to create the client side. IBM purchased CGI in the early 1990s and absorbed the code-generating tools into its other offerings.

Pacbase is now considered a legacy system; its main remaining use is in Francophone markets. IBM supported Pacbase through 2015.

More details on the French page of VisualAge Pacbase.

References

External links 
 IBM VisualAge Pacbase Overview
 PCMAG Definition of PACBASE 
 European Users Club of VisualAge Pacbase
 PTF is an HP offer, complete and highly automated processing transforming Pacbase into structured COBOL
 RPPz : replacement solution for VisualAge Pacbase from IBM
 Raincode Labs PACBASE Migration: an automated service to convert PACBASE systems to maintainable native COBOL
 PTF - Program Transformation Factory: Euraxiel (founded by CGI Systems experts) and HP have partnered to offer an end-to-end fully automated PACBASE to maintainable native COBOL transformation service

IBM software
IBM mainframe software
Fourth-generation programming languages
PipeRench. The PipeRench Reconfigurable Computing Project is a project from the Carnegie Mellon University intended to improve reconfigurable computing systems. It aims to allow hardware virtualization through high-speed reconfiguration, in order to minimize resource constraints in FPGAs and similar systems.

The project has already succeeded in manufacturing a chip and testing it.  PipeRench has been licensed by a start-up—Rapport and is the basis of their Kilocore chip.

References

External links
PipeRench official site

Reconfigurable computing
List of Thor and Delta launches (2000–2009). Between 2000 and 2009, there were 72 Thor-derived rockets launched, of which 70 were successful, giving a 97.2% success rate.

Notable missions

2001 Mars Odyssey

Mars Exploration Rover A and B (Spirit and Opportunity)

Spitzer Space Telescope

MESSENGER

Dawn

Kepler

Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE)

Launch statistics

Rocket configurations

Launch sites

Launch outcomes

Launch history

Images

See also
 List of Atlas launches (2000–09)

References

Lists of Thor and Delta launches
Lists of Delta launches
GCI coach. GCI was a class of Belgian passenger carriage. GCI were introduced in the beginning of the 20th century. They had a metal frame but the body was made of wood. They are based on GC coaches, which stood for "Large capacity" conveniently in both French and Dutch, they were indeed larger than any previous NMBS/SNCB coaches; they were the first to have three axles but most of them had fully separate compartments, that could only be reached from outside. On GCI coaches, a side corridor was provided, at the inconvenience of reducing seating capacity; from 96 to 80 in 3rd class. Most of them had an open platform and a toilet at the other end but on some cars the toilet was omitted and replaced by a second platform and a few 3rd class cars had both a toilet and an enclosed platform (fitted with folding seats). The name I in the name GCI was indicating interconnection.

While GC cars were withdrawn shortly before WWII, GCI railcars were used until 1966. The heritage Dendermonde–Puurs Steam Railway in Belgium operates one fully restored GCI, and possesses more GCIs that are waiting to be restored. Also the Chemin de Fer à vapeur des Trois Vallées operates a few of these cars, as do some heritage railways in The Netherlands and Luxemburg.

In the media
These coaches were the mainstay of Belgian passenger rail traffic just after WW2; they can be seen in several comic books of the era. One example is the Piet Pienter en Bert Bibber album Het raadsel van de Schimmenburcht; another is the Suske en Wiske story De Bokkerijders.

Paul Delvaux showed GCI carriages in his Station Forestière painting of 1960.

References

External links
 Lijn 58, GCI rijtuigen
 GCI rijtuigen, ex NMBS

Railway coaches of Belgium
Tubize 2069. Tubize 2069 is a preserved Belgian industrial steam locomotive built by Ateliers de Tubize. The wheel notation is 0-6-0T. The locomotive has been named "HELENA".

At least 15 locomotives of this type were built. Three were built for the National Local Railways Company (Dutch: Nationale Maatschappij van de Buurtspoorwegen). At least three (but no more than six) were built for Métallurgie Hoboken Overpelt factory. Loco No 2069 was one of them.

Tubize 2069 was used by Métallurgie Hoboken Overpelt until the 1970s. Later it came to the SDP heritage railway (in Dendermonde). It has been restored now and is operational during the summer of 2010.

References

External links 
 Pictures
 SDP heritage

Preserved steam locomotives of Belgium
0-6-0T locomotives
Dendermonde
Standard gauge locomotives of Belgium
Railway locomotives introduced in 1927
Pirn. A pirn is a rod onto which weft thread is wound for use in weaving. Unlike a bobbin, it is fixed in place, and the thread is delivered off the end of the pirn rather than from the centre. A typical pirn is made of wood or plastic and is slightly tapered for most of its length, flaring out more sharply at the base, which fits over a pin in the shuttle. Pirns are wound from the base forward in order to ensure snag-free delivery of the thread, unlike bobbins, which are wound evenly from end to end.

Pirns became important with the development of the flying shuttle, though they are also used with other end delivery shuttles. Power looms which use pirns generally have automatic changing mechanisms which remove the spent pirn from the shuttle and replaces it with a fresh one, thus allowing for uninterrupted weaving.

References

External links
Examples from a hand-weaving manufacturer

Weaving equipment
Articles containing video clips
Temporal isolation. In computer science, temporal isolation is the capability of a set of processes running on the same system to run without interferences concerning their temporal constraints among each other.

Specifically, there is temporal isolation among processes whenever the ability for each process to respect its own timing constraints (e.g. terminating a computation within a specified time) does not depend on the temporal behavior of other unrelated processes running on the same system, thus sharing with it a set of resources such as the CPU, disk, network, etc.

Operating systems able to provide such guarantees to running processes are suitable for hosting real-time applications.

See also

References

 

Computing terminology
Computer science articles needing expert attention
Real-time computing
Acheron-class destroyer. The Acheron class (renamed the I class in October 1913) was a class of twenty-three destroyers of the British Royal Navy, all built under the 1910–11 Programme and completed between 1911 and 1912, which served during the First World War.  There was considerable variation between the design and construction of ships within this class, which should be considered as more of a post-build grouping than a homogeneous class.

Design
Originally, 20 ships, including Acheron, were ordered but three more were completed by Yarrow & Company.  The Acherons were generally repeats of the preceding Acorn- or H-class, although Acheron and five others were builders' specials. They differed from the Acorns in having only two funnels, both of which were short, the foremost being thicker than the after stack. The 12-pounder guns were mounted slightly further forward than in the Acorns.

Variation within the class
Fourteen of the class were completed to an Admiralty standard design, although those built by John Brown and Company at Clydebank (Hind, Hornet and Hydra) had Brown-Curtis type turbines and only two shafts.  Archer and Attack used steam at higher pressures and Badger and Beaver were completed with geared steam turbines for evaluation purposes, achieving speeds of  in trials.

Thornycroft specials
Acheron and Ariel were longer (), had higher power (15,500 shp) and were faster, achieving  in trials.

Yarrow specials (or "special I class")
Sir Alfred Yarrow maintained that it was possible to build strong, seaworthy destroyers with a speed of , and eventually a contract for three such boats was placed with the firm.  They were a little larger than the rest of the class and developed , but carried the same armament. Like the John Brown-built boats Hind, Hydra and Hornet, they had only 2 shafts, with steam developed in 2 Yarrow-type water-tube boilers and delivered to 2 Parsons turbines. Firedrake, Lurcher and Oak were distinctive in appearance and indeed much faster.  They all exceeded their contract speed, Lurcher making over .

Conversion to minelayers
Ferret, Sandfly and Ariel were converted into fast minelaying destroyers in 1917, serving with the 20th Flotilla.  They were each capable of laying 40 mines.

Evaluation
This class of torpedo boat destroyers (TBDs, or colloquially, "boats") handled well and were excellent sea boats; like similar classes of TBDs of the time, they had open bridges but were much drier at sea than was the norm.

Ships

Builders' I class

Admiralty I class

Yarrow Specials (or "Special I class")

Notes

References

Bibliography
 Destroyers of the Royal Navy, 1893–1981, Maurice Cocker, 1983, Ian Allan 
 The British Destroyer by Captain T D Manning CBE VRD RNVR (Ret'd), (Putnam, 1961)
 Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921, Conway Maritime Press, 1985, Robert Gardiner 

 
Destroyer classes
Ship classes of the Royal Navy
Single-scattering albedo. Single-scattering albedo is the ratio of scattering efficiency to total extinction efficiency (which is also termed "attenuance", a sum of scattering and absorption). Most often it is defined for small-particle scattering of electromagnetic waves. Single-scattering albedo is unitless, and a value of unity implies that all particle extinction is due to scattering; conversely, a single-scattering albedo of zero implies that all extinction is due to absorption.

For spherical particles, one can calculate single-scattering albedo from Mie theory and knowledge of bulk properties of material such as refractive index. For non-spherical particles one could use discrete dipole approximation or other methods of computational electromagnetics.  The albedo of particles of shapes that are easily parameterized in non-standard coordinate systems may be determined through solutions of Maxwell's equation analogs in such coordinate systems.  Scattering albedo equations have yet to be determined in elliptical, toroidal, conical, and many others.  Derivation and solutions to such equations is a field of ongoing research.

See also
Light scattering by particles
Albedo

References
H. C. van de Hulst: Light scattering by small particles, New York, Dover, 1981.
C. F. Bohren, D. R. Huffmann: Absorption and scattering of light by small particles. New York, Wiley-Interscience, 1983.

Scattering, absorption and radiative transfer (optics)
Atmospheric radiation
Aerosol measurement