omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Mozal. Mozal is an aluminium smelter joint project in Beluluane Industrial Park, Maputo, Mozambique. The project is a smelting facility that began operations as a producer of aluminium exclusively for export. The smelter is located  west of the city of Maputo in the south of the country.  

Mozal was a joint venture between BHP Billiton (47.1 percent), Mitsubishi Corporation (25 percent), Industrial Development Corp. of South Africa (24 percent), and the Government of Mozambique (3.9 percent).

The project began life in 1998 as part of a recovery programme led by the Mozambican government’s active desire for foreign investment to help rebuild the nation after the country's civil war in the early 1990s.
The Mozal smelter was officially opened in September 2000. It was the first major foreign investment in Mozambique and is the biggest private-sector project in the country.

Originally commissioned as a 250 ktpa (250,000 tonnes per annum) smelter, Mozal was followed by an extension (Mozal II) in 2003-04, and it is now the largest aluminium producer in Mozambique and the second-largest in Africa having a total annual production of around 580,000 tonmes. It is responsible for 30 percent of the country’s official exports and also uses 45 percent of the electricity produced in Mozambique.

In February 2013, Mozal signed an agreement under which it would supply 50,000 tonnes of aluminium to Midal Cables, one of the world's largest manufacturers of aluminium cables.
Midal's factory in Mozambique started operation in 2014, with a capacity of 50 ktpa of aluminium rods and 24 ktpa of aluminium wire.

BHP Billiton holdings were demerged into South32. South32 currently owns 63.7%, Mitsubishi Corporation (through MCA Metals Holding GmbH), the Industrial Development Corporation of South Africa and the Government of Mozambique share the remaining ownership interest.

References

External links
South32 Mozal Home page

Aluminium companies of Mozambique
Aluminium smelters
BHP
Companies based in Maputo
Mitsubishi companies
Future University Hakodate. is a public university in the city of Hakodate, Hokkaidō, Japan, established in 2000. The university's School of Systems Information Science is separated into two departments: the Department of Media Architecture and the Department of Complex and Intelligent Systems.

References

External links
Official site 

Public universities in Japan
Universities and colleges in Hokkaido
Engineering universities and colleges in Japan
Educational institutions established in 2000
2000 establishments in Japan
Trimethyltin chloride. Trimethyltin chloride is an organotin compound with the formula . It is a white solid that is highly toxic and malodorous. It is susceptible to hydrolysis.

Synthesis
Trimethyltin chloride can be prepared by the redistribution reaction of tetramethyltin with tin tetrachloride.

This redistribution reaction is typically performed with no solvent because high temperatures are required and purification is simplified.

A second route to  involves treating the corresponding hydroxide or oxide (in the following reaction, trimethyltin hydroxide ) with a halogenating agent such as hydrogen chloride or thionyl chloride ():

Uses
Trimethyltin chloride is used as a source of the trimethylstannyl group (). For example, it is a precursor to vinyltrimethylstannane () and indenyltrimethylstanane  (see Transition metal indenyl complex):

An example of an organolithium reagent reacting with  to form a tin-carbon bond is:

Organotin compounds derived from  are useful in organic synthesis, especially in radical chain reactions.  is a precursor to compounds used in PVC stabilization. 
Reduction of trimethyltin chloride with sodium gives hexamethylditin:

References

Chlorides
Metal halides
Organotin compounds
Foul-smelling chemicals
Tin(IV) compounds
Methyl compounds
Bahrain World Trade Center. The Bahrain World Trade Center is a , 50-floor, twin tower complex located in Manama, Bahrain. Designed by the multi-national architectural firm Atkins, construction on the towers was completed in 2008. It is the first skyscraper in the world to integrate wind turbines into its design. The wind turbines were developed, built and installed by the Danish company Norwin A/S. The structure is constructed close to the King Faisal Highway, near popular landmarks such as the towers of Bahrain Financial Harbour (BFH), NBB and Abraj Al Lulu. It currently ranks as the second-tallest building in Bahrain, after the twin towers of the Bahrain Financial Harbour. The project has received several awards for sustainability, including:
 The 2006 LEAF Award for Best Use of Technology within a Large Scheme.
 The Arab Construction World for Sustainable Design Award.

Structural details 
The two towers are linked via three skybridges, each holding a 225 kW wind turbine, totalling to 675 kW of wind power capacity. Each of these turbines measure  in diameter, and is aligned north, which is the direction from which air from the Persian Gulf blows in. The sail-shaped buildings on either side are designed to funnel wind through the gap to provide accelerated wind passing through the turbines. This was confirmed by wind tunnel tests, which showed that the buildings create an S-shaped flow, ensuring that any wind coming within a 45° angle to either side of the central axis will create a wind stream that remains perpendicular to the turbines. This significantly increases their potential to generate electricity.

The wind turbines are expected to provide 11% to 15% of the towers' total power consumption, or approximately 1.1 to 1.3 GWh a year. This is equivalent to providing the lighting for about 300 homes, 258 hospitals, 17 industrial plants, and 33 car engines. The three turbines were turned on for the first time on 8 April 2008. They are expected to operate 50% of the time on an average day.

Popular fiction 
The Bahrain WTC was featured prominently in the 2009 science fiction SyFy channel made-for-television movie Annihilation Earth. In the movie, an incident involving a subatomic collider in the year 2020 creates cataclysmic effects on planet Earth. CGI is used in the movie to show the WTC collapsing as a result of an earthquake, though the reason for the earthquake is not fully explained in the movie.

Gallery

See also 
 List of tallest structures in Bahrain
 List of twin buildings and structures
 List of world trade centers
 Unconventional wind turbines

References

External links 

 bahrainwtc.com/
 Bahrain World Trade Center Captures Innovation Award
 Worldwatch, Bahrain Propels Wind Energy to Urban Future
 BBC, Skyscraper powered by wind
 The World Trade Center at Baharain has Giant Wind Turbines!
 Faithful+Gould Middle East & India

Office buildings completed in 2008
Buildings and structures in Manama
Skyscrapers in Bahrain
Sustainable buildings in Bahrain
Bahrain
Twin towers
Skyscraper office buildings
XStream Systems. XStream Systems Inc. was a US-based company which developed X-ray based identification equipment for research and pharmaceutical industry applications. The company was sold to Veracity Network, Inc in 2011.

Company history

This company was incorporated in May 2004. The technology used in XStream Systems' products was first developed at Rutgers University. The company was the first in the industry to deploy counterfeit detection equipment along the pharmaceutical distribution supply chain that could look inside any packaging and perform forensic analysis on the drug products inside. All of XStream Systems' technology, products, and services were acquired in 2011 by Veracity Network, Inc.

Areas of expertise

XStream Systems' products were based on Energy Dispersive X-Ray Diffraction (EDXRD), a technology also used in synchrotrons. XStream Systems' equipment verifies molecular crystal structure of materials and authenticates a pharmaceutical's composition.

External links
Veracity Network, Inc. home page
National Defense directory listing
US Department of Homeland Security Stakeholder's Conference
X-Ray Safety Academy
Pharmaceutical Processing Magazine appearance
Pharmaceutical Technology Magazine appearance
XStream Systems' XT250 System featured as Improving Security in Drug Topics Magazine
Florida Venture Capital Conference Presenting Company
XStream Systems Presents At Middle East Counterfeit Medication Conference 
XStream Systems offers leasing option for authentication system

References 

Diffraction
Technology companies of the United States
X-ray equipment manufacturers
Wright Commander. The Wright Commander was a low-floor single-decker bus body built on the DAF/VDL SB200 chassis by Wrightbus between 2002 and 2007.

History
Visually and structurally, it is a larger version of the Wright Cadet. Along with the Cadet, it perpetuated the 'Classic' styling for several years after the Scania (Axcess-Floline) and Volvo (Renown) based equivalents had been phased out. Of the 315 produced, 288 were purchased by Arriva, the first 14 delivered to Arriva Midlands North for services in Telford. 188 of these Arriva Commanders were exported to the Netherlands in left-hand drive configuration for use by the group's Netherlands subsidiary.

The Commander was superseded by the Pulsar.

References

External links

Low-entry buses
Low-floor buses
Vehicles introduced in 2002
Commander
Nieuport-Delage NiD 62. The Nieuport-Delage NiD.62 was a French sesquiplane fighter from the early 1930s. This machine was a descendant of a long line of Nieuport-Delage fighters that were designed and built during the years immediately after World War I. The NiD.62 was built in 1931 as a fighter for the Armée de l'Air. It served until the late 1930s, when it was replaced by more modern monoplane fighters. By the time of the outbreak of World War II in September 1939, all of the NiD.62s had been withdrawn from front-line fighter escadrilles but were used as trainers in French flight schools. A few aircraft were employed as target tugs. After the French German Armistice and German occupation of North and West part of France in June 1940, the German Luftwaffe had no interest in the NiD.62s and they were scrapped. None survived the war.

Variants
Nieuport-Delage NiD.62
Single-seat fighter aircraft, powered by a  Hispano-Suiza 12Hb.
Nieuport-Delage NiD.621
Twin-float fighter-trainer, powered by a  Hispano-Suiza 12Hb; Three built.
Nieuport-Delage NiD.622
Single-seat fighter aircraft, powered by a  Hispano-Suiza 12Mdsh piston engine.
Nieuport-Delage NiD.623
One NiD.622 converted for speed records, powered by a  Lorraine 12Fd Courlis.
Nieuport-Delage NiD.624
One NiD.622 converted for racing, powered by a  Lorraine 12Fd Courlis.
Nieuport-Delage NiD.625
One NiD.622 converted for parachute experiments.
Nieuport-Delage NiD.626
Export NiD.622, 12 ordered by Peru in 1933 but Nieuport-Delage NiD.123s delivered instead, powered by  Lorraine 12Hdr engines.
Nieuport-Delage NiD.628
2 prototypes powered by a  Hispano-Suiza 12Mc engine.
Nieuport-Delage NiD.629
50 built with modified wing and ailerons, powered by a  Hispano-Suiza 12Mdsh engine.
Nieuport-Delage NiD.72
All-metal version powered by a  Hispano-Suiza 12Lb engine. Aside from the prototype, three were built for Belgium for evaluation, four went to Brazil which saw action, and three were built for Romania with wooden fuselages.
Nieuport-Delage NiD.82
Single all-metal prototype powered by a  Lorraine 12Ha.

Operators

Brazilian Air Force
Paulista rebels

French Air Force
French Aéronavale

Peruvian Air Force

Royal Romanian Air Force

Turkish Air Force

Specifications (NiD.622)

See also

References

Bibliography

Green, William and Gordon Swanborough. "A Gallic Rarity...The 'One-and-a-Half' Nieuport-Delage". Air International, February 1990, Vol 38 No 2. pp. 75–83, 92–93, 97. 
Green, William and Gordon Swanborough. The Complete Book of Fighters. New York: Smithmark, 1994. 

1930s French fighter aircraft
 062
Sesquiplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Aircraft first flown in 1928
Liberty L-6. The Liberty L-6 was a six-cylinder water-cooled inline aircraft engine developed in the United States during World War I.

Design and development

The Liberty L-6, which developed 200–215 hp, was built by the Thomas-Morse Aircraft Corp. and Wright Aeronautical Corp.  Since it was based on the same engine design as the more successful Liberty L-12 V-12 liquid-cooled aviation engine, the L-6's resemblance to the Mercedes D.III German aviation engine, the source for the Liberty V-12's own cylinder and valvetrain design, resulted in the American L-6 engine design bearing a close visual resemblance to the German straight-six aviation powerplant in a number of respects, with at least one L-6 even being mounted postwar into a captured Fokker D.VII fighter for testing in the US. The Liberty L-6's smaller displacement of some 825 cu. in. (13.5 liters) versus the late-war German Mercedes D.IIIaü's 903 cubic inches (14.8 liters) do not seem to have handicapped the American straight-six design, however, as the "Liberty Six" possessed a 5.42:1 CR, while the D.IIIaü had only a 4.64:1 CR, explaining a good bit of the American powerplant's output level—in addition to the 735.5 watt level for German Pferdestärke metric horsepower, versus the then solely-American-based SAE organization's standard of almost 746 watts per one horsepower.

Since the L-6 was too large for mail airplanes and other engines were available, the L-6 was canceled after only 52 had been built. In 1920 10 more L-6 engines were ordered, designated L-825, several of which were installed in the Curtiss PN-1, (only two built), and the Engineering Division TW-1, (only six built).

Hall-Scott also produced a six-cylinder engine using Liberty L-12 components, as the Hall-Scott L-6.

Specifications

See also

References

This article incorporates text from Liberty L-6, a public domain work of the United States Government.
 

1910s aircraft piston engines
Straight-six engines
Loire 46. The Loire 46 was a French single-seater fighter aircraft of the 1930s. A high-winged monoplane designed and built by Loire Aviation, it was purchased by the French Air Force. It was also supplied to the Spanish Republican forces during the Spanish Civil War, but was almost out of service by the outbreak of World War II.

Design and development
The Loire 46 was an improved modification of two previous Loire fighters—the Loire 43 and 45. Although improved, it resembled the earlier machines retaining their gull mono-wing configuration, open cockpit, and fixed landing gear. The first of five prototype Loire 46s flew in September 1934. It demonstrated excellent handling characteristics and 60 production aircraft were ordered by the Armée de l'Air.

Operational history
The initial machines arrived at fighter Escadrilles in August 1936. In September 1936, the five prototype Loire 46s were sent to the Republican forces during the Spanish Civil War.

By the beginning of World War II, the Loire 46's gull wing configuration was recognized as obsolete and most of these fighters had been relegated to Armée de l'Air training schools, where they were used as advanced trainers. However, one fighter Escadrille was still equipped with the Loire 46 during the early weeks of the war. Their performance against modern German fighters was predictable.

Variants
Loire 46.01
First Loire 46 prototype.
Loire 46
Single-seat fighter/trainer aircraft.

Operators

Armee de l'Air

Spanish Republican Air Force

Specifications (Loire 46)

See also
Comparable and similar aircraft
PZL P.11/PZL P.24
Dewoitine D.371/D372
Gourdou-Leseurre GL.30
Nieuport-Delage NiD-122
Curtiss F13C

References

Bibliography

External links

 

Loire 046
046
Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1934
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Edmond Michel. Edmond Michel was a French-born American electrical engineer and inventor.  He is credited with inventing the handheld circular saw. He was also the co-founder of Skil.

Personal life 
Born in France, Michel immigrated to the United States sometime during the early 20th century. Initially living in Houma, Louisiana, he would later move to New Orleans.

Career 
Prior to the popularization of power tools, agricultural tasks that involved cutting through thick materials such as sugarcane had to be done with the use of machetes, which often required tedious labor. In 1921, After he had watched sugar farmers cut through thick cane stalks with them, Michel sought to develop a motorized version of the machete. 

Initially, Michel mounted a mixer motor onto a standard machete, as well as a worm wheel gearbox and a 2-inch circular blade. This invention, while working fairly effectively, required an external generator, making it impractical for use. In creating this device, Michel effectively created an early example of a motorized worm drive.  Michel then tried again, using a piece of wood with a notch carved into it.  In the notch, he mounted the same mechanism as the mechanical reaper, but with a 6-inch blade. This was the first electric circular saw. 

After a New Orleans newspaper ran an article about Michel's invention, he was approached by Joseph W. Sullivan.  The two became business partners and moved to Chicago.  In January 1924, they were granted a patent for the hand saw, with the Michel Electric Hand Saw Company being established in June of that year. Despite attracting immediate interest from contractors despite numerous mechanical problems, the two began production of the tool. The name of the company was renamed to Skil in 1926, after Sullivan's wife commented on the skill necessary to use one. Michel had reportedly been the person to coin the term "Skilsaw", which would become the trademarked name for the saws produced by the company.  

Just before the Great Depression, Michel withdrew from the company to work on new inventions.  After leaving Skil, Michel invested his share of the money inventing and developing the "Larmloc", the first keypad-based lock. This invention failed to pan out, and only one working prototype was ever made.

Notes

References

External links 
 History of Skil

Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
20th-century American inventors
20th-century French inventors
French emigrants to the United States
People from New Orleans
RS4 Codici. RS4 Codici is a train protection system used in Italy. The term is an abbreviation of Ripetizione Segnali a 4 codici (signal repetition system with 4 codes).

It is a simple cab signalling system, displaying the aspect of the next (and, in some cases, the next but one) signal. It helps the driver to reliably determine the aspect of the next signal even in poor visibility and at high velocities.

The information is conveyed via amplitude modulation of a 50 Hz alternating current of the Blocco Automatico a Correnti Codificate (BAcc) in the rails. Receiver coils in front of the first axle of a locomotive or control car are used to detect the signal.

The frequency of the modulating signal encodes the signal aspect:

The driver must acknowledge a code change by pressing a button labeled RIC within three seconds, otherwise the system will apply emergency brakes.

As trains got faster an additional set of codes sent with a 178 Hz carrier were added. The new system was backward compatible with the old 4-code system as trains unable to receive the 178 Hz codes would be relegated to a slower speed. The five additional codes are as follows:

References

Sources
 http://www.segnalifs.it/it/bl/N_barsc.htm

Railway signalling in Italy
Train protection systems
ARTech Consultores SRL. GeneXus (formerly Artech Consultores SRL) is a Uruguayan software producer, founded by Breogán Gonda and Nicolás Jodal in 1988. Its most famous product is Genexus, a software development tool that is sold to over 30 countries, having produced $50 million profits in the last year.

With the success of the tool, the company decided to change its name to Genexus SA. It was subsequently acquired by Globant on April 20, 2022.

GeneXus 

GeneXus is developed by ARTech.

GeneXus is a tool that works from "users’ visions"; it captures the knowledge contained in them and systematizes it within a knowledge base. From its knowledge base it is capable of designing, generating and maintaining 100% automatically the data base and application
programs (programs that are necessary in order for the users to operate with their visions).

References

External links 

Software companies of Uruguay
1988 establishments in Uruguay
Companies established in 1988
2022 mergers and acquisitions
JOM. JOM may refer to:

 Jom or the History of a people, film
JOM (journal), formerly known as Journal of Metals
Journal of Macroeconomics
Journal of Macromarketing
Journal of Mammalogy
Journal of Management
Journal of Marketing
Journal of Materials
Journal of Mathematics
Journal of Medicine
Journal of Meningitis
Journal of Meteorology
Journal of Microencapsulation
Journal of Microscopy
Journal of Morphology
Journal of Multimedia
Journal of Music
Journal of Mycology
Lissette Martinez. Lissette Martinez (born 1971), is an electrical engineer and rocket scientist. She is the head of the Wallops Electrical Engineering Branch and the lead electrical engineer for the Space Experiment Module program at the Wallops Flight Facility (WFF) which is part of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) where she is responsible for the testing of ground and flight hardware. She is a notable alumni at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez.

Early life
Martinez was born in Brooklyn, New York to Puerto Rican parents. She was raised in Yauco, Puerto Rico where her family moved to when she was a child. There, she received her primary and secondary education. When she reached 8th grade, she was given a class assignment to study the moon which required her to spend time on the roof of her house every night for a month. She wrote down and detailed every aspect of the way the moon looked. She remembers that as an instrumental factor which inspired her to pursue a career in Space Science.

Education
After she graduated from high school, she applied and was accepted to the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez. During her third year as an electrical engineering student, she was accepted into the NASA Cooperative Education Program which allowed her to work with NASA scientist and at the same time earn school credits. In 1993, Martinez earned her Bachelor of Science in electrical engineering and was offered a job at NASA.

Career in NASA
Martinez was part of the team that launched a rocket from White Sands, New Mexico to gather information on the Comet Hale–Bopp in 1999.  She was featured in the November 2002 issue of Latina magazine.

She is responsible for providing electrical engineering support to Code 870 Space Experiment Module (SEM) program. She is also responsible for the testing of ground and flight hardware.  Martinez works with students around the world, helping them with science experiments that will actually ride along on Space Shuttle missions and blast into space. Martinez continues to work at Wallops Flight Facility located in Virginia.

Personal life
She lives with her husband and two sons in Salisbury, Maryland.

See also

 History of women in Puerto Rico
 List of Puerto Ricans
 List of Puerto Rican scientists and inventors
 List of Puerto Ricans in the United States Space Program
 University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez people

References

1971 births
Puerto Rican scientists
Living people
NASA people
Puerto Rican women scientists
Women rocket scientists
Hewlett-Packard Raster Transfer Language. The Hewlett-Packard Raster Transfer Language (HP RTL) is a subset of the Printer Command Language (PCL) language. It is used to embed true raster images (bitmaps) into plotter files. Modern plotters (like HP DesignJets) are raster devices, so they need a raster-based language. For backward compatibility they also support the HP-GL/2 (formerly HP-GL) vector language, so the HP RTL language is designed for mixing with the HP-GL/2 language.

Further reading

External links
 

Raster Transfer Language
Page description languages