omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Achelous-class repair ship. The Achelous-class repair ship was a class of ship built by the US Navy during World War II.

As the United States gained experience in amphibious operations, it was realized that some sort of mobile repair facility would be useful for repairing the damage that frequently occurred to smaller vessels such as LCVP's (Landing Craft Vehicle/Personnel). The Auxiliary Repair Light (ARL) ship was designed to meet this need, and the Achelous class was the only class to receive this designation.

Description

Achelous-class vessels were based on the same hull as LST's (Landing Ship, Tank) which at the time were being produced in large numbers. This hull was thought to be ideal for a ship specializing in the repair of light craft, since it was not overly large and had a shallow draught which would enable it to maneuver into small harbors, rivers and inlets where it could service damaged boats and effect other repairs on location.

The conversion from an LST to an Achelous-class ARL was done mainly by converting the large interior tank deck into a number of different shops and storerooms. Two large cargo booms were added forward, and a large 60-ton A-frame boom added amidships. The wheelhouse/chart room deck was expanded, and a conning tower added. The first nine units of the class sealed the bow doors of the LST hull.

The ship's company consisted of the usual LST crew of deck, engineering and communications departments but in addition it had a supply department, plus a repair department consisting of machinery and engine repair, carpentry, electronics repair, and hull repair divisions, giving a ship's complement of approximately 250 officers and men in total. After the first nine units were built, the later units had a revised armament as well as retaining the opening bow doors.

Operational history
During World War II, the Achelous-class vessels worked mostly on repairing damaged landing craft, but many continued in service after the war, working again on landing craft during the Korean War and on river craft during the Vietnam War.

In all, 39 Achelous-class repair ships were built between 1943 and 1945.

Ships in Class

References

 What is an ARL? – USS Askari (ARL-30) Association
 Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1940–1945
 US Navy, ships World War 2, page 119

 
 
 
Auxiliary repair ship classes
PhoneME. The phoneME project is Sun Microsystems reference implementation of Java virtual machine and associated libraries of Java ME with source, licensed under the GNU General Public License.

The phoneME library includes implementations of Connected Limited Device Configuration (CLDC) and Mobile Information Device Profile (MIDP) as well as complete or partial implementations for some optional package JSRs.

Optional Java ME packages implementations
phoneME provide complete or partial implementations for the following JSRs:
 PDA Optional Packages for the J2ME Platform (JSR 75)
 Java APIs for Bluetooth (JSR 82)
 Wireless Messaging API|Wireless Messaging API and Wireless Messaging API 2.0 (JSR 120 and JSR 205)
 Java Mobile Media API (JSR 135)
 Web Services Specification for Java ME (JSR 172)
 Security and Trust Services API for J2ME (JSR 177)
 Location API for Java ME (JSR 179)
 Session Initiation Protocol (Java) (JSR 180)
 Content Handler API (JSR 211)
 Scalable 2D Vector Graphics API (JSR 226)
 Payment API (JSR 229)
 Mobile Internationalization API (JSR 238)
 Java Binding for OpenGL ES (JSR 239)

Supported platforms
Supported platforms are Linux/ARM, Linux/x86 and Windows/i386.

See also
 Java Platform, Micro Edition

External links
 PhoneME project page (original website, currently shut down)
 JSR 68 — J2ME Platform Specification
 phoneme-svn.dump on Archive.org — A dump of the Apache Subversion repository before the website was shut down
 git version of the source code dump — A more accessible version of the SVN dump from Archive.org, converted to git

Computing platforms
Platform, Micro Edition
 
Software using the GNU General Public License
Adobe Flash Catalyst. Adobe Flash Catalyst (formerly known by its codename Thermo) is a designers' tool for creating the user interface for rich web applications (formerly known as Rich Internet Applications).

Development and sales of Adobe Flash Catalyst ended on April 23, 2012.

Features 
With Flash Catalyst, user interface architects can create the user interface for Adobe Flex (now Adobe Flash Builder 4) applications using Adobe graphics software. Then developers can use the result to build the rest of the application in Flex.

Flash Catalyst can import Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Fireworks, or Flash XML Graphics (FXG) files keeping all their features. The converted artwork can then be used as functional UI components (creating Flex component skins). After importing, users use simple WYSIWYG techniques to create and edit behaviors (mouse event handling, etc.) without writing code and create animated transitions. Flash Catalyst can also use design-time data placeholders when marking up an application, testing interactivity, and choreographing motion. These placeholders can then be replaced at production-time with final artwork. This same method can be used to create UIs to handle dynamic data without having access to the actual data source.

Imported objects are maintained as linked files, so behaviors created in Flash Catalyst are still maintained even after the original file is edited in its originating program (e.g., Photoshop or Illustrator). Flash Catalyst is also compatible with Adobe Flash Builder (formerly called "Flex Builder"), using the same project format.

In addition to its primary function of being a GUI composer for Adobe Flex components, Flash Catalyst also features a basic code workspace, which consists of a subset of Adobe Flash Builder's panels. Both tools being based on Eclipse, the code editor, project navigator and problems view are basically the same in both products.

See also 
 Criticism of Creative Cloud

References

External links 
 
 Adobe Catalyst Usergroup UK

Flash Catalyst
Flash Catalyst
Industrial process imaging. Industrial process imaging, or industrial process tomography or process tomography are methods used to form an image of a cross-section of vessel or pipe in a chemical engineering or  mineral processing, or petroleum extraction or refining plant.
 Process imaging is used for the development of process equipment such as filters, separators and conveyors, as well as monitoring of production plant including flow rate measurement. As well as conventional tomographic methods widely used in medicine such as X-ray computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and gamma ray tomography, and ultra-sound tomography, new and emerging methods such as electrical capacitance tomography and magnetic induction tomography and  electrical resistivity tomography (similar to medical electrical impedance tomography) are also used. 

Although such techniques are not in widespread deployment in industrial plant there is an active research community,  including a  Virtual Center for industrial Process Tomography, and a regular World Congress on Industrial Process Tomography, now organized by a learned society for this area, the International Society for Industrial Process Tomography 

A number of applications of tomography of process equipment were described in the 1970s, using Ionising Radiation from X-ray or isotope sources but routine use was limited by the high cost involved and safety constraints. Radiation-based methods used long exposure times which meant that dynamic measurements of the real-time behaviour of process systems were not feasible. The use of electrical methods to image industrial processes was pioneered by Maurice Beck at the UMIST in the mid-1980s

See also
Industrial Tomography Systems
Process tomography
Imaging

References

Chemical process engineering
Baby Modula-3. Baby Modula-3 is a functional programming sublanguage of Modula-3 (safe subset) programming language based on ideals invented by Martín Abadi. It is an object-oriented programming language for studying programming language design; one part of it is implicitly prototype-oriented, and the other is explicitly statically typed designed for studying computer science type theory. It has been checked as a formal language of metaprogramming systems. It comes from the Scandinavian School of object-oriented languages.

Abadi tried to give an example of pure object-oriented language which would allow studying the formal semantics of objects. "Baby Modula-3 is defined with a structured operational semantics and with a set of static type rules. A denotational semantics guarantees the soundness of this definition."
This object model has been shown to have well definiteness decidability (a mechanical proof of it isn't known).

Abadi worked at Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) Systems Research Center (SRC) in Palo Alto, California. As DEC was bought by Compaq and then Compaq was bought by Hewlett-Packard (HP), the SRC-report 95 was made available to the public by HP.

Influences
Luca Cardelli and Martín Abadi wrote the book A Theory of Objects in 1996, laying out formal calculi for the semantics of object-oriented programming languages. Baby Modula-3 influenced this work according to Cardelli, and guided a calculus of the type of self in Types for object and the type of 'self'.
It has opened the way for work on Modula-3 formal semantic checking systems, for object-oriented type system programming languages that have been used to model the formal semantics of languages such as Ada and C.

References

Academic programming languages
Modula programming language family
Prototype-based programming languages
Programming language design
QIS College of Engineering and Technology. QIS College of Engineering and Technology is located in Vengamukkapalem, Ongole, Andhra Pradesh. It was established in 1998 by The Nidamanuri Educational Society. The college is affiliated with JNTU, Kakinada.
"This Is The First Engineering Autonomous College in Prakasam district".

The college offers undergraduate Courses like Bachelor of Technology programmes for mechanical engineering(ME), electrical and electronics engineering(EEE), electronics and communications engineering(ECE), Computer Science and Engineering (CSE), Civil Engineering (CE) and Information Technology(IT).

Also offered are programmes for Master of Technology, Master of Business Administration, and Master in Computer Applications.

References

External links

See also
Pace Institute of Technology and Sciences

All India Council for Technical Education
Engineering colleges in Andhra Pradesh
Educational institutions established in 1998
1998 establishments in Andhra Pradesh
Universities and colleges in Prakasam district
Ralph Bown. Ralph Bown (1891 – July 1971) was a noted American radio pioneer.

Bown was born in Fairport, New York, and received his M.E., M.M.E., and Ph.D. degrees from Cornell University where he also taught physics. He served as a captain in the United States Army Signal Corps in World War I, where he led vacuum tube development as head of its radio laboratories technical department, then joined the American Telephone and Telegraph Company research department, which in 1934 became Bell Laboratories.

Bown's work focused on electromagnetic propagation, particularly for radio broadcasting, ship-to-shore communication, aircraft radios, and intercontinental telephony. He was also an expert in radar, and served as a division member and consultant of the National Defense Research Committee and expert consultant to the Secretary of War; in 1941 he visited England to study radar in combat operations. Bown became research director at Bell Labs, and on June 30, 1948, led a press conference announcing the invention of the transistor.

Bown received the IEEE Morris N. Liebmann Memorial Award (1926), and served as President of the Institute of Radio Engineers in 1927. In 1949, he received the IEEE Medal of Honor "for his extensive contributions to the field of radio and for his leadership in Institute affairs."

Selected works 
 "Some Recent Measurements of Trans-Atlantic Radio Transmission", American Telephone and Telegraph Company, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, April 24, 1923.

References 

 IEEE biography
 Brittain, J.E., "Ralph Bown and the golden age of propagation research", Proceedings of the IEEE, Volume 85, Issue 9, September 1997, pages 1511-1513.
 AT&T History 1917
 Early Radio History 1919
 PBS: Transistor Announcement

External links
 

1891 births
1971 deaths
People from Fairport, New York
Cornell University College of Engineering alumni
Radio pioneers
Scientists at Bell Labs
IEEE Medal of Honor recipients
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Joshua Field (engineer). Joshua Field FRS (1786 – 11 August 1863) was a British civil engineer and mechanical engineer.

Field was born in Hackney in 1786, his father was John Field a corn and seed merchant who was later to become Master of the Worshipful Company of Merchant Taylors. Field was a pupil of dockyard engineer Simon Goodrich from 1803 to 1805. 
Commissioned by Samuel Bentham, the Inspector-general of naval works, he worked with Samuel Goodrich to develop tools for mass-producing ships' blocks at Portsmouth Dockyard. The block mills they designed required ten unskilled men to take the place of 110 skilled craftsmen, and have been recognised as the first use of machine tools for mass production. 
They were built by Henry Maudslay between 1802 and 1806, and represented the first steam-powered manufactory in any dockyard.

He then joined Maudslay to form the firm of Messrs. Maudslay, Sons and Field of Lambeth. One of their projects was to build engines for the SS Great Western's Atlantic crossing of 1838.

He was a prolific engineer working with the Atlantic Telegraph Company on machinery for cable laying, the Metropolitan Board of Works on sewage systems and Isambard Kingdom Brunel on his steamships.

Field joined seven other young engineers who, in 1817, decided to found the Institution of Civil Engineers as a more accessible institution than the established but élitist Society of Civil Engineers founded by John Smeaton in 1771. 
He served as their vice-president in 1837, and he continued to hold that office until elected president on 18 January 1848, being the first mechanical engineer to hold the presidency and the only one of the original proposers to hold the post. In his inaugural address, delivered on 1 February, he alluded particularly to the changes which had then been introduced into steam navigation which allowed for a greater capacity and speeds. On 3 March 1836 he became a fellow of the Royal Society, and was also a member of the Society of Arts.

Field died at his residence, Balham Hill House, Surrey, on 11 August 1863, aged 76 and was interred at West Norwood Cemetery in a Portland stone sarcophagus.

Family

His daughter, Matilda Field, married Dr Thomas H. Gladstone. Their children included the embryologist, Reginald John Gladstone FRSE (1865-1947).

Reginald married his first cousin (i.e. also a grandchild of Field) Ida Millicant Field in 1912.

References

Notes

Attribution

        
        
        
        
        
        

English civil engineers
Fellows of the Royal Society
Presidents of the Institution of Civil Engineers
Presidents of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers
Burials at West Norwood Cemetery
1786 births
1863 deaths
People from Hackney Central
Norman Gaylord. Norman Grant Gaylord (born Norman Gershon Goldstein; February 16, 1923 – September 18, 2007) was an American industrial chemist and research scientist. He was credited with playing a key role in the development of the gas-permeable rigid contact lens which allows oxygen to reach the wearer's cornea.

A native of Brooklyn, he was a graduate of City College and received his doctorate in polymer chemistry from the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, now NYU Tandon School of Engineering. He legally changed his name in the 1940s.  For his contribution to the production of lenses Gaylord received in 1985 Founder's Award from the American Academy of Optometry.

Gaylord died in the Florida city of Boynton Beach at the age of 84.

References

1923 births
2007 deaths
Jewish American scientists
American chemical engineers
20th-century American chemists
Scientists from Brooklyn
City College of New York alumni
Polytechnic Institute of New York University alumni
Engineers from New York City
20th-century American engineers
20th-century American inventors
20th-century American Jews
21st-century American Jews
SpaceOrb 360. The SpaceOrb 360 is a 6DOF computer input device that is designed to be operated with two hands. Each of the 6 axes have 10-bit precision each when measuring the amount of force or torque applied. It has two right-index-finger buttons and four right-thumb buttons. It interfaces with a computer through an RS-232 serial port using a custom binary protocol. Drivers for the device exist for Mac OS, Microsoft Windows and Linux. Logitech had similar 6DOF devices during the same time period called the Cyberman and Cyberman II.

The device was released in 1996, the same year as popular 3D games such as Descent II and Quake. It was originally called the Spaceball Avenger II, a sequel to SpaceTec's Spaceball Avenger. The SpaceOrb was especially suited for the gameplay of Descent because of the complete freedom-of-motion afforded by its rendering engine. There was strong support for the device in both Quake and Quake II, but the WASD-type keyboard-and-mouse controls eventually became more popular. As of the Half-Life engine (based on the original Quake source), there was specific support for the SpaceOrb's capabilities. Developers later started to drop variable movement speed support, which reduced the 10bit translation force measurement to 1bit per direction.

It was originally manufactured and sold by the SpaceTec IMC company (first bought by Labtec, which itself was later bought by Logitech). The device is no longer sold nor supported by Logitech. It has been supplanted by more modern devices sold under Logitech's 3Dconnexion brand, which are all one-handed 3DMice that afford the other hand the freedom to interact with the keyboard/mouse.

In 2009, a SpaceOrb fan with the username "vputz" has designed Arduino add ons (OrbDuino, OrbShield, Orbotron) to make SpaceOrbs available over USB, making it compatible with modern operating systems by emulating joystick, mouse, and/or keyboard.

ASCII Sphere 360

ASCII Entertainment (later Agetec) bought the SpaceOrb 360 design and technology license to manufacture the ASCII Sphere 360 model for the original Sony PlayStation.

References

External links
 www.jaycrowe.com is Birdman's SpaceOrb Messageboard.
 Hardware - ASCII Sphere 360 - Agetec, Inc. AGETEC ASCII Sphere 360 product page.
 LGR Oddware: SpaceOrb 360 RealLife 3D Game Controller LGR Oddware: SpaceOrb 360 RealLife 3D Game Controller

Pointing devices
Computing input devices
History of human–computer interaction
Video game control methods
L'Oceanogràfic. L'Oceanogràfic (,  , 'The Oceanographic') is an oceanarium situated in the Garden of the Turia to the southeast of the city center of Valencia, Spain, where different marine habitats are represented. It was designed by the architect Félix Candela and the structural engineers Alberto Domingo and Carlos Lázaro. It is integrated inside the cultural complex known as the Ciutat de les Arts i de les Ciències (City of Arts and Sciences). It was opened on 14 February 2003.

General information

The Oceanographic is the largest complex of its type in Europe, spanning  and holding a capacity of  of water, including a  dolphinarium and a  ocean tank with sharks, rays and other fish. It is home to 45,000 animals from 500 different species—including sharks, penguins, dolphins, sea lions, walruses (until 2019), beluga whales, birds, reptiles and invertebrate—all inhabiting nine two-tiered underwater towers representing the Earth's major ecosystems. The aquariums utilize sea water pumped from the La Malva-Rosa beach.

The park is divided into ten areas: the marine areas are arranged into Mediterranean habitats, the Arctic Ocean, Arctic islands, the tropics, the temperate seas and the Red Sea. The park also includes a dolphinarium, an area of mangrove swamps and marshland, and a garden with more than 80 different species of plants.

Design and operation

The steel-fiber reinforced concrete thin-shell structure was designed by renown architect Félix Candela, at age 87 in 1997, and structural engineers Alberto Domingo and Carlos Lázaro. The distinctive hyperbolic parabola (hypars) shape of the roof is reminiscent of the Los Manantiales Restaurant in Mexico City, which Candela designed in 1958.

Transportation
L'Oceanogràfic can be reached via Metro, disembark at Alameda Station or through bus number 15, 25 and 95. It is also served by Metrovalencia Line 10 tram from its Oceanogràfic stop.

Gallery

See also
List of aquaria by country
List of dolphinariums

References

External links

 
 Aquarium Oceanografic at the Valencia Tourism Board
 AVANQUA OCEANOGRAFIC SL at Dun & Bradstreet

2003 establishments in Spain
Aquaria in Spain
Buildings and structures in Valencia
Concrete shell structures
Buildings and structures completed in 2003
Félix Candela buildings
Oceanaria
Parques Reunidos
Tourist attractions in Valencia
Inrunner. The term inrunner refers to an electric motor where the rotor (runner) is inside the stator. The term is in particular used for brushless motors to differentiate them from outrunners that have their rotor outside the stator. The vast majority of electric motors are inrunners.

Usage in drones and model aircraft 
Compared to outrunner motors, inrunners tend to spin exceptionally fast, often as high as 11 000 r/min per volt, far too fast for most aircraft propellers.  However, inrunners lack torque.  As a result, most inrunners are used in conjunction with a gearbox in both surface and aircraft models to reduce speed and increase torque

In many cases the inrunner is "ironless" in that there is no iron stator core to magnetize.  The wire is run inside the can and held in place by epoxy or other resin material.  Because there is no magnetic iron core, ironless in runners have no cogging, in that they spin freely with no magnetic interaction when power is disconnected.  A well-designed ironless inrunner is extremely efficient.  This is because there is virtually no iron magnetization loss and very little windage loss in the motor.  However, due to the lack of a magnetic stator core, the ironless motor has very low torque but also higher motor velocity constant (Kv, a unit that is defined as r/min per volt) when compared to an iron core motor.

Modern brushless inrunners can have iron core windings to address the lack of torque while maintaining high r/min capability, more commonly used in radio-controlled car and truck applications

See also
Outrunner

Radio-controlled aircraft
Radio-controlled cars
Electric motors