omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Michael Cates. Michael Elmhirst Cates (born 5 May 1961) is a British physicist. He is the 19th Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge and has held this position since 1 July 2015.
He was previously Professor of Natural Philosophy at the University of Edinburgh, and has held a Royal Society Research Professorship since 2007.

His work focuses on the theory of soft matter, such as polymers, colloids, gels, liquid crystals, and granular material. A recurring goal of his research is to create a mathematical model that predicts the stress in a flowing material as a functional of the flow history of that material. Such a mathematical model is called a constitutive equation. He has worked on theories of active matter, particularly dense suspensions of self-propelled particles which can include motile bacteria. His interests also include fundamental field theories of active systems in which time-reversal symmetry (T-symmetry, and more generally, CPT symmetry) is absent. Such theories are characterised by non-zero steady-state entropy production.

At Edinburgh, Cates was the Principal Investigator of an EPSRC Programme Grant, awarded in 2011, entitled Design Principles for New Soft Materials. On his departure for Cambridge, Cait MacPhee took over as Principal Investigator. Cates remains an Honorary Professor at Edinburgh.

Early life
Cates was born on 5 May 1961. He read Natural Sciences and earned a PhD at Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1985, where he studied with Sam Edwards.

Academic career
Cates was a research fellow and lecturer at the Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge before moving to Edinburgh in 1995.

Honours
Cates won the Bingham Medal of the US Society of Rheology in 2016. He had previously won the 2013 Weissenberg Award of the European Society of Rheology and the
2009 Gold Medal of the British Society of Rheology. He was awarded the 2009 Dirac Prize by the Institute of Physics. He won the 1991 Maxwell Medal and Prize. He has served as an elected member of the Council of the Royal Society, and chairs the International Scientific Committee of ESPCI ParisTech. He was an honorary fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge from 2013 until 2016, when he became instead a senior research fellow.

He was also elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2019 for research on the rheology, dynamics, and thermodynamics of complex fluids, and for scientific leadership in the European Community.

Works
Michael Cates has over 350 refereed scientific publications, with over 45,000 citations. His h-index is 112.

Publications include:

References

External links

1961 births
Living people
British physicists
Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
Fellows of the Royal Society
Academics of the University of Edinburgh
Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge
Maxwell Medal and Prize recipients
Lucasian Professors of Mathematics
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
StarWind Software. StarWind Software, Inc. is a privately held Beverly, Massachusetts-based computer software and hardware appliance company specializing in storage virtualization and software-defined storage.

History 

StarWind Software began in 2008 as a spin-off from Rocket Division Software, Ltd. (founded in 2003), with a round A of investment from venture capital firm ABRT. It started providing early adopters with initially free software defined storage offerings in 2009, including its V2V (virtual-to-virtual) image converter and iSCSI SAN software. 

In 2013, hard drive manufacturer Western Digital began integrating StarWind's iSCSI engine with some of the company's Network Attached Storage (NAS) appliances. 

In April 2016, StarWind was selected by research firm Gartner as one of its 2016 "Cool Vendors for Compute Platforms". 

In February 2020, StarWind's Hyperconverged Infrastructure (HCI) software StarWind VSAN set performance benchmarks for off the shelf commodity hardware. In December, StarWind was named to Gartner's Magic Quadrant for HCI software.

In March 2022, the Wall Street Journal reported how the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine was affecting technology firms with a significant presence in Ukraine, including StarWind. Once the invasion was imminent, the company helped its employees move out of the country, including relocating 60 of the 180 workers from its Kyiv, Ukraine office to Wroclaw, Poland. The company also reportedly doubled the salaries of employees who enlisted in the Ukrainian army.

Products
StarWind develops "standards-based storage virtualization and management software that will run on any x86 platform". Its software defined storage software supports building iSCSI, iSER, NVM Express over Fabrics (NVMe-oF), and

References

External links 

Software companies based in Massachusetts
Software companies established in 2008
American companies established in 2008
2008 establishments in the United States
2008 establishments in Massachusetts
Companies based in Essex County, Massachusetts
Beverly, Massachusetts
Privately held companies based in Massachusetts
Software companies of the United States
Charlie Rosen (engineer). Charles D. Rosen (born January 16, 1937, in Long Beach, New York; died February 22, 2007, in Costa Mesa, California) was an American metallurgical engineer and friction stir welding expert.

Life and career 
Charlie Rosen graduated as an metallurgical engineer at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York, and obtained an MBA from the University of Southern California. He was the Project Manager in charge of failure testing and analysis for the Space Shuttle Program at Rockwell International. There he specialised in the use of electron microscopy for failure analysis. He became “Engineer of the Year” in 1995 for the Space Systems Division of Rockwell International. He filed and was granted five U.S. Patents for friction stir welding processes. During his retirement he was a volunteer of the Huntington Beach Police Department's RSVP program.

Charlie was married to Suzanne, née Benun, with daughter Gail Benun and two sons Jeffrey and Alan Rosen.

Patents 
 FSW tool design for thick weld joints. US Patent No 6227430 
 Friction stir welding interlocking joint design and method. US Patent No 6045027 
 Friction stir welding process to repair voids in aluminum alloys. US Patent No 5971252 
 Friction stir welding total penetration technique. US Patent No 5611479 
 Manual keyhole plasma arc welding system. US Patent No 5045667

References 

1937 births
2007 deaths
20th-century American engineers
Friction stir welding experts
American inventors
GNR Class N1. The Great Northern Railway (GNR) Class N1 was an 0-6-2T side tank steam locomotive designed by Henry Ivatt and introduced in 1906.  They were all withdrawn from service between 1947 and 1959. None have survived.

Most of the class were fitted with condensing apparatus and worked in the London area, from King's Cross and Hornsey depots, on empty coach trains, and on cross-London exchange freight trains.

In 1914, Crewe Works built an armoured train which used a Class N1 engine. The engine was covered by a 14mm steel plate, and featured observation apertures to the front and side, closed by sliding steel shutters. Two of the Ivatt tank engines No. 1587 and No. 1590 were loaned to Crewe to be fitted with armor plating and were named HMT Norna and HMT Alice respectively. They were sold back to the LNER in 1923 and had their armor plating removed.

References 

Ian Allan ABC of British Railways Locomotives, 1948 edition, part 4, page 53.

External links
 LNER Encyclopedia

N1
0-6-2T locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1906
Condensing steam locomotives
Scrapped locomotives
Standard gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain

Passenger locomotives
Chandelle Mk IV. The Chandelle Mk IV is an American ultralight aircraft that was designed by Nile Downer and produced by Chandelle Aircraft. The aircraft was supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

Design and development
The aircraft was designed to comply with the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules, including the category's maximum empty weight of . The aircraft has a standard empty weight of . It features a strut-braced high-wing, a single-seat, open cockpit, tricycle landing gear and a single engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft is made from bolted-together aluminum tubing, with the wings and tail surfaces covered in Dacron sailcloth. Its tapered planform, single-surface,  span wing is supported by both lift struts and jury struts. The wing features 3/4 span ailerons. The pilot is accommodated in an open seat without a windshield. The tail surfaces are mounted on tubes that travel beside and below the pusher engine and propeller. The tricycle landing gear features main gear suspension.

The Mark IV appeared just before the collapse of the US ultralight market in 1984 and so few were produced or sold.

Specifications (Mk IV)

References

External links
Photo of a Mk IV

1980s United States ultralight aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
2,2-Di-2-furylpropane. 2,2-Di-2-furylpropane is a condensation product of furan and acetone. It is a relatively high boiling liquid (boiling point: 85−90 °C at 13 torr) and is a precursor (via hydrogenation) to the rubber additive bis(tetrahydrofuryl)propane used in the manufacture of high vinyl content rubber for high performance tires.

Synthesis 
Furan and ketones react under the action of acidic catalysts yielding difuryl condensation products, higher oligomers, as well as cyclic furan tetramers (tetraoxaquterenes). If the number of furan moieties in the oligomer is denoted as n, the number of isopropylidene moieties (derived from acetone) is n-1. In the case of aldehydes only linear oligomers are formed. The simplest adduct of furan and acetone is 2,2-di-2-furylpropane, the title compound.

This molecule is typically synthesized employing two equivalents of furan and one equivalent of acetone employing concentrated hydrochloric acid as the catalyst at ambient temperature and pressure. Alternatively, the reaction may be cooled during the addition of reagents and in the early phases.

Inasmuch as the two furan moieties in 2,2-di-2-furylpropane may further react, at their respective unsubstituted 5-positions, with additional acetone the formation of oligomers can not be completely suppressed. However, the amount of oligomer is effected by reaction conditions, including the furan to acetone ratio and the amount of hydrochloric acid catalyst employed.

Purification
2,2-Di-2-furylpropane may be obtained from crude aqueous acidic reaction mixtures (typically biphasic) by allowing phase separation followed by neutralization of the organic layer. Essentially pure product is obtained by vacuum distillation of the neutralized organic phase.

References 

2-Furyl compounds
Sparoair. Sparoair was a family of air-launched sounding rockets developed by the United States Navy in the late 1950s and early 1960s. Based on the Sparrow air-to-air missile, three versions of the rocket were developed; although some launches were successful, the system did not enter operational service.

Sparoair I and II
Sparoair was developed by the Naval Missile Center, as a two-stage development of the Sparrow III air-to-air missile. Propelled by two Sparrow rocket motors mounted in tandem, the Sparoair could be launched from F3H (F-3) Demon and F4D (F-6) Skyray fighter aircraft, and was capable of lifting a  payload to an apogee of .

The Sparoair I was the original version of the rocket, launched using an ejection system and a lanyard for firing; after that proved unreliable in flight testing, the Sparoair II was developed that utilised a rail launch with ignition prior to release from the aircraft. Eight launches of Sparoair II vehicles had been conducted by 1961. Each Sparoair II rocket cost US$6,000.

Sparoair III
Sparoair III utilised a redesigned second-stage motor, and could be launched from the F-4 Phantom II; however, any aircraft capable of launching the Sparrow III AAM could launch the Sparoair.

The Sparoair III utilised the aircraft's Low Altitude Bombing System (LABS) circuits to initiate launch; the second stage was ignited via a mechanical device armed by the acceleration of the first stage.

The first Sparoair III was launched on 8 July 1965; it proved a partial failure as the second stage failed to ignite. The second launch on 26 May 1966 failed after six seconds of second-stage burn when the vehicle exploded. No further launches were undertaken.

References

Sounding rockets of the United States
Equipment of the United States Navy
Stern launching ramp. Some modern patrol vessels are equipped with a stern launching ramp, or simply launching ramp, for deploying smaller rescue or pursuit boats without requiring the parent ship to first come to a halt.
Typically the smaller craft are powered by water-jets, and can drive themselves up the ramp by their own power.

The stern launching ramps on the United States Coast Guard's Marine Protector cutters developed by David Cannell naval architects require only a single crewmember to remain on deck when its short range prosecutor boat is deployed or retrieved.

When the brand new USCGC John F. McCormick visited Astoria, Oregon, the station of its namesake John F. McCormick, Jeff Heffernan, of the Daily Astorian described how a stern launching ramp allowed a parent vessel to launch her boat in larger swells.

References

External links
 

Nautical terminology
ModelCenter. ModelCenter, developed by Phoenix Integration, is a software package that aids in the design and optimization of systems.  It enables users to conduct trade studies, as well as optimize designs.  It interacts with other common modeling tools, including Systems Tool Kit, PTC Integrity Modeler, IBM Rhapsody, No Magic, Matlab, Nastran, Microsoft Excel, and Wolfram SystemModeler. ModelCenter also has tools to enable collaboration among design team members.

Modules and Packs
RSM Toolkit 3.0 gives users a mathematical model based on source data from simulations or actual experiments.  This new model can then be integrated as a component within another model within ModelCenter.
QuickWrap 3.0 automates batch mode programs.
The Enhanced Workflow Module allows workflows to be graphically constructed and executed.
The Visualization Pak helps users to visualize the design space and perform trade studies.
The Optimization Pak includes various tools to allow users to optimize designs after integrating the components of the model. Tools within this pack include the Design of Experiments Tool, Variable Influence Profiler, Gradient Based Optimization, and Prediction Profiler. The Optimization pack has over 30 optimization algorithms.
The CAD Fusion Pak allows users to incorporate work from popular CAD packages into the analysis on designs within ModelCenter.

Applications
ModelCenter is used in a variety of applications, primarily system design and optimization in the aerospace and defense industry. It is also used for process design and optimization in the automotive, manufacturing, electronics, building design, and consumer products industries.

Examples of use
ModelCenter served as the environment in which to integrate the Life-Cycle Cost Analysis Model into the Integrated Program Model for NASA's Constellation Program.
ModelCenter was used in pre-concept design work of an unmanned combat aerial vehicle. Engineers integrated various analysis modules within ModelCenter, and also used ModelCenter for design of experiments.
Volvo used ModelCenter in its MDO Process Workflow Integration.
Airbus selected ModelCenter to run engineering studies, including design of experiments and optimization. ModelCenter was one of several commercial software packages integrated into Airbus's integrated aerodynamic framework.

See also
 Multidisciplinary design optimization
 Phoenix Integration
 Simulink

External links
 ModelCenter Website

References

Computer system optimization software
Fit (manufacturing). In precision mechanics, fit refers to the degree of 'looseness' with which a shaft is inserted into a bored hole.

This coupling is related to the tolerance or allowance of both parts' dimensions. The shaft and the orifice must be of a similar diameter, otherwise there will not be a correct adjustment. With this in mind, measurements have been internationally standardised according to ISO regulation to ensure the interchangeability of items and their mass production.

Tolerance values are designated with a capital letter in the case of orifices and lower case letters in the case of shafts. The lower the value the higher the machining costs, as a greater precision is required.

Maximum and minimum clearance 
The maximum clearance of a fit is the difference between the upper bound of the orifice diameter and the lower bound of the shaft diameter.
 maximum clearance = maximum orifice diameter – minimum shaft diameter

The minimum clearance meanwhile is the difference between the lower bound of the orifice diameter and the upper bound of the shaft diameter.
 minimum clearance = minimum orifice diameter – maximum shaft diameter

The maximum clearance in a loose or sliding fit is always greater than zero; on the other hand, in a tight fit both the maximum and minimum clearance are negative.

See also 
 Engineering fit
 Interference fit

Bibliography 
 
 
 
 
 

__notoc__
Mechanics
Meadowlark Ultralight Meadowlark. The Meadowlark Ultralight Meadowlark is an American ultralight aircraft that was designed by Jim Higgs and produced by the Meadowlark Ultralight Corporation. The Meadowlark was supplied only as a factory completed aircraft.

Design and development
The aircraft was designed to comply with the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules, including the category's maximum empty weight of . The aircraft has a standard empty weight of . It features a strut-braced high-wing, a single-seat, open cockpit, tricycle landing gear and a single engine in tractor configuration.

The aircraft fuselage is made from aluminum tubing. Its  span wing is constructed in a similar manner to the Ultraflight Lazair's wing. It is built from D-cell spar and leading edge, with foam ribs bonded to the spar. The wing is then covered with transparent Mylar film for covering. The wing incorporates a quick-folding mechanism that allows it to be folded back along the fuselage for ground transport or for storage. The pilot is accommodated on an open seat without a windshield. The landing gear features suspension on all wheels and a steerable nosewheel. The Cuyuna 430R engine of  is mounted in front of the wing, above the pilot.

Due to its introduction just before the collapse of the US ultralight industry in 1984, the design was not a commercial success and only a small number were completed and sold.

Specifications (Meadowlark)

References

External links
Photo of a Meadowlark

1980s United States ultralight aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
A. J. P. Ponrajah. Anthony James Princely Ponrajah was a leading Sri Lankan civil engineer and Director of Irrigation in Sri Lanka.

Early life
Ponrajah was born on 4 February 1927. He was the son of Ponrajah, a proctor from Mannar in northern province of Ceylon. After school he obtained a BSc degree from the University of London.

Ponrajah married Tirzah, daughter of the Chief Postmaster Fry from Jaffna. They had three children - Dr Anthony Naushad, Ranendra and Rupvanthy.

Career
After graduating in 1950 Ponrajah worked briefly as an instructor at the Technical College. He joined the Irrigation Department in 1951 as an Assistant Engineer. He was promoted through the ranks and at the age of 50 became Director of Irrigation. He retired on 4 February 1985.

Ponrajah died on 26 January 1986.

In 1988 the Irrigation Department published a book containing a collection of technical notes written by Ponrajah during his career. In 2011 the Irrigation Department Ex-Officers’ Association launched a scholarship named after Ponrajah.

References

1927 births
1986 deaths
People from Mannar, Sri Lanka
Sri Lankan Tamil people
Sri Lankan civil engineers
Metal Mech. Metal Mech: Man & Machine (known in Japan as ) is a 1990 action video game developed by Sculptured Software and published by Jaleco for the Nintendo Entertainment System. In May 2023, the game was included via the Piko Interactive Collection 3 compilation for the Evercade by Blaze Entertainment.

Gameplay

The player controls the driver of a vehicle that is similar to the ED-209 of the RoboCop franchise.

The player must clear levels filled with randomly generated enemies in an unnamed city in order to survive. Items that can upgrade the firepower and defense of the vehicle are hidden in crates. Players must spend as much time outside of the armored unit as they do inside because the mecha fighter is a bigger (but tougher) target. They must also leave the mecha to climb ladders that lead to necessary items and to advance the game's storyline. The game was noted to have a few similarities to Blaster Master. The "little person" has a virtually identical appearance to Jason in the Blaster Master video game. Controlling the person is easier than controlling the mech. Players have to collect radiation symbols around the city.

External links

1990 video games
Jaleco games
Nintendo Entertainment System games
Nintendo Entertainment System-only games
Piko Interactive games
Platformers
Science fiction video games
Sculptured Software games
Side-scrolling video games
Single-player video games
Video games developed in the United States
Bimoment. Bimoment (aka warping moment) is a term used in the analysis of beams (continuum mechanics) that relates to torsion and warping. Its symbol is Mω.

Bimoment show the distributions at a cross-section of (longitudinal) warping stress in cases of torsional warping and distortional warping, respectively. Generally, a bimoment can be represented by a pair of equal and opposite bending moments.

References

External links
 Stability of Structures: Elastic, Inelastic, Fracture and Damage Theories

Continuum mechanics