omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Mo-Sai. Mo-Sai is a method of producing precast concrete cladding panels.  It was patented by John Joseph Earley in 1940. The Mo-Sai institute later refined Earley's method and became the leader in exposed aggregate concrete. The Mo-Sai Institute, an organization of precast concrete manufacturers, adhered to the Mo-Sai method of producing the exposed aggregate precast concrete panels.

A pivotal development in this technique occurred in 1938, when the administration buildings at the David Taylor Model Basin were built with panels used as permanent forms for cast-in-place walls. This was the first use of the Mo-Sai manufacturing technique produced in collaboration with the Dextrone Company of New Haven, Connecticut. Working from this background, the Dextone Company refined and obtained patents and copyrights in 1940 for the methods under which the Mo-Sai Associates, later known as Mo-Sai Institute Inc. The Mo-Sai Institute grew to include a number of licensed manufacturing firms throughout the United States.

Buildings featuring Mo-Sai panels include the Columbine Building in Colorado Springs (1960), Prudential Building in Toronto, Ontario, Canada (1960), Denver Hilton Hotel (now the Sheraton Denver) in Denver, Colorado (1960), Los Angeles Temple (1956), Equitable Center in Portland, Oregon (1964), the Hartford National Bank and Trust Hartford, CT (1967) and the PanAm Building in New York City (1962).

External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20041221051514/http://bg.concreteproducts.com/ar/concrete_time_tested/index.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20070927080334/http://www.precastguide.com/industry_icon/view_article.pl?id=104

Concrete
Lotus Magellan. Lotus Magellan is an MS-DOS desktop search package, conceived and developed by Bill Gross and released in 1989 by Lotus Development Corporation, most famous for Lotus 1-2-3. Lotus sold 500,000 copies of Magellan.

Operation
Running under MS-DOS, Magellan would scan the directories and files on a drive or floppy diskettes and create a master index. It was aware of all the various current formats and provided the ability to view files without launching the original applications that created them. Its most powerful feature was fuzzy searching, that connected files by relative frequency of keywords, allowing the user to organize related data no matter where or in what format it existed on the user's computer.

Given this "semantic view" of the user's file system, Magellan not only exposed "hidden meaning" from disparate data, but also facilitated the actual movement of files and directories into a better physical organization. Advertisements that ran for Magellan at the time promised to "Get all your ducks in a row" and showed a picture of a line of obedient rubber ducks.

Fate
Magellan was one of several significant developments from Lotus Software (i.e. "1-2-3", "Notes" and office software for the Apple Macintosh) that, despite significant usefulness and market share, failed to keep the company afloat. Lotus was acquired by IBM in 1995.  The old MS-DOS Lotus software Magellan, Lotus Agenda, HAL, and Lotus Manuscript have since been released as freeware.

References

External links
Lotus Magellan software depository
MS-DOS - Lotus Magellan Release 2.0, Daniel's Legacy Computer Collections

File managers
DOS software
Magellan
Orchid Technology. Orchid Technology was a privately held company founded by Le Nhon Bui in 1982.

History

1982 to 1984
The company's original flagship product was its PCNet card, a 1 megabit-per-second LAN (networking) card for IBM PCs and clones. Notably, the acronym LAN (Local Area Networking) is the Vietnamese word for "Orchid". Hence, the origin of the company name.

Also in 1982, it introduced the Orchid Graphics Adapter, a graphics board for IBM PC compatible computers. It was intended to provide high resolution (at the time) monochrome graphic abilities to computers limited to text displays. It was aimed at the business market and one of the three first third party graphic boards for PCs.

After this successful product, the company embarked on introducing high-performance add-in cards, most notably the LIM (Lotus, Intel Microsoft standard) which extended DOS out to 1M, Multi-purpose network cards that included RAM, clock, serial printer ports and Network COAX TCP-IP capabilities. Orchid developed its own operating system as well as one of the first 5 OEM's of Novell.  Other products included PC Turbo, TinyTurbo and TurboVGA enhancement cards that included 186 and 286 processors. As the operating systems took on more resources Orchid made a switch back to its roots as PC board manufacturer.

1984 to 1986
From 1984 to 1986 the company switched to an Autocad video board manufacturer. Later, a variety of memory and video cards were introduced.

After 1988
In 1988, Orchid started designing and selling back-plane motherboards under the Privilege Systems Division. However, Orchid could not garner any significant market-share due to stiff competition from motherboard makers Micronics Computers, Inc., Mylex Corporation and American Megatrends Inc. (AMI), the original motherboard brand names in the industry.

1994
In August 1994, Orchid Technology was acquired by motherboard maker Micronics Computers, Inc.
Orchid sold their products through Direct to Fortune companies, OEMs, System Integrators and National Distributors such as Gates/FA, Techdata, Ingram and Micro D.

Graphic Cards

Orchid was known for its Righteous 3D, Fahrenheit Video3D and Kelvin 64 graphics accelerators. They also manufactured an array of multimedia products including SoundWave 32 and GameWave 32 and the award-winning Vidiola line of digital capture and playback systems.

See also
List of defunct graphics chips and card companies
Orchid Graphics Adapter

References

1982 establishments in California
1994 disestablishments in California
1994 mergers and acquisitions
American companies established in 1982
American companies disestablished in 1994
Computer companies established in 1982
Computer companies disestablished in 1994
Defunct computer companies based in California
Defunct computer companies of the United States
Defunct computer hardware companies
Quadricyclane. Quadricyclane is a strained, multi-cyclic hydrocarbon with the formula CH2(CH)6.  A white volatile colorless liquid, it is highly strained molecule (78.7 kcal/mol). Isomerization of quadricyclane proceeds slowly at low temperatures. Because of quadricyclane's strained structure and thermal stability, it has been studied extensively.

Preparation
Quadricyclane is produced by the irradiation of norbornadiene (bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene) in the presence of Michler's ketone or ethyl Michler's ketone. Other sensitizers, such as acetone, benzophenone, acetophenone, etc., may be used but with a lesser yield. The yield is higher for freshly distilled norbornadiene, but commercial reagents will suffice.

Proposed applications to solar energy
The conversion of norbornadiene into quadricyclane is achieved with ~300 nm UV radiation. When converted back to norbornadiene, ring strain energy is liberated in the form of heat (ΔH = −89 kJ/mol). This reaction has been proposed to store solar energy. However, the absorption edge of light does not extend past 300 nm whereas most solar radiation has wavelengths longer than 400 nm. Quadricyclane's relative stability and high energy content have also given rise to its use as a propellant additive or fuel. However, quadricyclane undergoes thermal decomposition at relatively low temperatures (less than 400 °C). This property limits its applications, as propulsion systems may operate at temperatures exceeding 500 °C.

Reactions
Quadricyclane readily reacts with acetic acid to give a mixture of nortricyclyl acetate and exo-norbornyl acetate. Quadricyclane also reacts with many dienophiles to form 1:1 adducts.

Notes

Hydrocarbons
Cyclopropanes
Tetracyclic compounds
John W. Morris. John W. Morris (September 10, 1921 – August 20, 2013) was an American lieutenant general who became Chief of Engineers.

Morris was born in Princess Anne, Maryland. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in June 1943 and was commissioned in the Corps of Engineers. During World War II he commanded an airfield construction company in the Western Pacific. After the war he served in the Philippines and Japan, in the Corps' Savannah District, and as area engineer at Goose Bay, Labrador.

In 1960–62 he commanded the divisional 8th Engineer Battalion in Korea. Morris headed the Corps' Tulsa District in 1962–65 as it improved navigation on the Arkansas River. During the peak years of the Vietnam War, he was the Army's Deputy Chief of Legislative Liaison (1967–69), and he commanded the 18th Engineer Brigade in Vietnam (1969–70). He was then Missouri River Division Engineer for two years, the Corps' Director of Civil Works for three years, and Deputy Chief of Engineers in 1975–76. As Chief of Engineers, Morris convinced the Army to include the Corps of Engineers among its major commands. Morris obtained a master's degree in civil engineering from the University of Iowa. He died in 2013, aged 91.

Awards and decorations
His military awards included the Distinguished Service Medal, the Legion of Merit with three Oak Leaf Clusters, the Bronze Star  and the Defense Meritorious Service Medal. General Morris was selected Construction's Man of the Year for 1977 by the Engineering News-Record for his work to oversee $17 billion in construction in Saudi Arabia. In 1996, he received the Carroll H. Dunn Award of Excellence from the Construction Industry Institute.

  Army Distinguished Service Medal
  Legion of Merit with three oak leaf clusters
  Bronze Star
  Defense Meritorious Service Medal

References

This article contains public domain text from 

1921 births
2013 deaths
Military personnel from Maryland
United States Army generals
United States Military Academy alumni
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Recipients of the Silver Star
United States Army Corps of Engineers personnel
People from Princess Anne, Maryland
United States Army personnel of World War II
American expatriates in the Philippines
American expatriates in Japan
William C. Gribble Jr.. William C. Gribble Jr. (born May 24, 1917, in Ironwood, Michigan – June 2, 1979) graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1941 and was commissioned in the Corps of Engineers.

During World War II, he served on the staff of the 340th Engineer General Service Regiment as it first built a section of the Alaska Highway in western Canada and later assisted MacArthur's drive in New Guinea and the Philippines. At the end of the war he commanded the 118th Engineer Combat Battalion, U.S. 43d Infantry Division.

Gribble then worked in the Los Alamos laboratory and in the Reactor Development Division of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. As Alaska District Engineer he oversaw construction of a nuclear power plant at Fort Greely, Alaska. He headed the Army's nuclear power program in 1960–61. In 1963 he was the Corps' North Central Division Engineer. Gribble's scientific skills led to his service as Director of Research and Development in the U.S. Army Materiel Command in 1964-66 and as the Army's Chief of Research and Development in 1971–73. In 1969-70 he commanded the Army Engineer Center and Fort Belvoir and was Commandant of the Army Engineer School. He became Chief of Engineers in 1973, and retired in 1976.

Gribble received a master's degree in physical science from the University of Chicago in 1948 and an honorary doctorate in engineering from Michigan Technological University. He was also an honorary member of the United Kingdom's Institute of Royal Engineers. His decorations included the Distinguished Service Medal with Oak Leaf Cluster, the Legion of Merit with Oak Leaf Cluster and the Brazilian Order of Military Merit. General Gribble died at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, on June 2, 1979. He is interred in Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Virginia.

Trivia
On May 2, 1975, at a ceremony commemorating the 200th anniversary of the Corps, General Gribble began the tradition of the Gold Castles insignia of General Douglas MacArthur (who began his career serving the Corps) to be worn by the Chief of Engineers, forming the basis for the current "Castle" logo of the Corps as well.

References

This article contains public domain text from 

1917 births
1979 deaths
United States Army Corps of Engineers personnel
People from Ironwood, Michigan
United States Army generals
United States Military Academy alumni
United States Army personnel of World War II
Recipients of the Order of Military Merit (Brazil)
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
United States Army Corps of Engineers Chiefs of Engineers
Military personnel from Michigan
William F. Cassidy. William F. Cassidy (August 28, 1908 near Nome, Alaska – March 31, 2002) was a commanding officer in the United States Army during and after World War II.

Military career

Cassidy won an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point. He graduated in 1931, after which he attended the University of Iowa, where he received a MS degree in Mechanics and Hydraulics. After graduation he was commissioned in the United States Army Corps of Engineers. He served as assistant to the District Engineer in Portland, Oregon; commanded an engineer company at Fort Belvoir, Virginia; and oversaw military construction projects in Hawaii. During World War II Cassidy commanded engineer troops specializing in airfield construction in England, North Africa, and Italy. He was Deputy Chief, then Chief, War Plans (later Operations and Training) Division, Office of the Chief of Engineers, in 1944–47. At the outbreak of the Korean War, he was ordered to Japan where he was responsible for engineer supply. He served as South Pacific Division Engineer from 1955 to 1958 and was the senior logistics advisor to the Republic of Korea Army in 1958–59. Cassidy was the Corps' Director of Civil Works from September 1959 to March 1962 and was then appointed Deputy Chief of Engineers. On March 1, 1963, he became the Commanding General of the Army Engineer Center and Fort Belvoir and Commandant of the Army Engineer School. Cassidy became Chief of Engineers on July 1, 1965.

Awards and decorations
Cassidy received the Distinguished Service Medal for his service as Chief of Engineers. Other military decorations included the Legion of Merit with Oak Leaf Cluster, the Bronze Star and the Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation.

  Army Distinguished Service Medal
  Legion of Merit with oak leaf cluster
  Bronze Star
  South Korean Presidential Unit Citation

Personal life
Cassidy met Helen Robinson, an art teacher in Ames, Iowa, while he taught ROTC there. They were married in 1939. They had two daughters, Anne and Mary.

Cassidy died in Florida at age 93. He was survived by his wife, daughters, five grandchildren, and two great-grandchildren.

See also

References

This article contains public domain text from 

1908 births
2002 deaths
Military personnel from Alaska
United States Army personnel of World War II
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
People from Nome, Alaska
United States Army generals
United States Military Academy alumni
University of Iowa alumni
United States Army Corps of Engineers personnel
Dan Euser. Dan Euser is a Canadian artist, sculptor, designer, and landscape architect specializing in water features.  His works include various dynamic water sculptures for landmark architectural installations.

Most famous works of art
Euser's most well known works of art include the centerpiece for Toronto's Yonge-Dundas Square, as well as North America's largest human-made waterfall, installed as part of the National September 11 Memorial at the former site of the World Trade Center in New York City.  A portion of the waterfall for the World Trade Center Memorial, "Reflecting Absence," was prototyped at Euser's studio in 2005, for testing and design purposes.

Awards
Landscape architect Dan Euser honored as the water feature architect for the award winning Milwaukee Art Museum addition in 2001.
Dan Euser receives OALA Pinacle Award for outstanding professional achievement in 2006.

External links
NYT - A Backyard Fountain Like None Before (by David Dunlap)
DEW Inc (Dan Euser Waterarchitecture Inc) Web site

Living people
Canadian landscape architects
Year of birth missing (living people)
Emerson C. Itschner. Emerson Charles Itschner (1 July 1903 – 15 March 1995) was an American military engineer.

Biography

Emerson C. Itschner was born in Chicago on 1 July 1903. He graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1924 and was commissioned in the Corps of Engineers. He obtained a degree in civil engineering from Cornell University in 1926.

Itschner served with the Alaska Road Commission in 1927–1929. He taught at the Missouri School of Mines and served as assistant to the Upper Mississippi Valley Division Engineer and the St. Louis District Engineer. He commanded a topographic survey company in 1940–1941. In 1942–1943 Itschner headed the office in Corps headquarters that supervised Army airfield construction in the 48 states. In 1944–1945 he oversaw the reconstruction of ports and the development of supply routes to U.S. forces in Europe as Engineer, ADSEC (Advance Section, Communications Zone). Itschner headed the division in Corps headquarters responsible for military construction operations from 1946 to 1949. After a year as Seattle District Engineer, he went to Korea as Engineer of I Corps and oversaw engineer troop operations in western Korea. He was North Pacific Division Engineer in 1952–1953. From 1953 until being appointed Chief of Engineers, he served as Assistant Chief of Engineers for Civil Works. General Itschner retired in 1961.

He died in Portland, Oregon, on 15 March 1995.

The Itschner Award is given each year by the Society of American Military Engineers in his honor.

Decorations
He was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal, Legion of Merit with two Oak Leaf Clusters, Bronze Star, and the Purple Heart.
  Army Distinguished Service Medal
  Legion of Merit
  Bronze Star
  Purple Heart

See also

References

This article contains public domain text from

External links
 Itschner Award at the Society of American Military Engineers

1903 births
1995 deaths
Military personnel from Chicago
United States Army personnel of World War II
United States Army Corps of Engineers personnel
United States Army generals
Cornell University College of Engineering alumni
Missouri University of Science and Technology faculty
Missouri University of Science and Technology alumni
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Recipients of the Distinguished Service Medal (US Army)
United States Military Academy alumni
United States Army Corps of Engineers Chiefs of Engineers
Arsenide mineral. An arsenide mineral is a mineral that contains arsenide as its main anion. Arsenides are grouped with the sulfides in both the Dana and Strunz mineral classification systems.

Examples 
 algodonite 
 domeykite 
 löllingite 
 nickeline 
 rammelsbergite 
 safflorite 
 skutterudite 
 sperrylite

References
Virtutech. Virtutech was a company founded in 1998 as a spin-off from the Swedish Institute of Computer Science (SICS), to commercially develop its Simics computer architecture simulator software. In 2004, Virtutech accepted investment and moved its headquarters to San Jose, California. In 2010, Virtutech was wholly acquired by Intel and became part of Intel's Wind River subsidiary. In 2018, Wind River was sold to TPG Capital, which continues to sell Simics under the Wind River brand. The Intel Stockholm site remains the center of Simics core R&D.

Simics software is used by teams of software developers to simulate computer systems. This facilitates the development, testing, and debugging of embedded software that runs devices such as high-end servers, network hardware, aerospace/military vehicles, and automobiles. Simics allows embedded software developers to create virtual models of hardware using an ordinary desktop computer, run specified sets of tests, and walk the programs through each step of execution, both forwards and backwards.

History 

In 2001, AMD and Virtutech began working collaboratively on simulation for AMD's Hammer chips. In July 2005, IBM selected Virtutech Simics for development of its POWER6 platform. In 2007, Virtutech and Freescale announced a collaboration program around multicore processors. Virtutech thus appears to have a customer base that is partly in the embedded software world, and partly in the general computing and server world.

Virtutech was a member of Power.org.

As embedded systems become more complex, especially with the advent of multiprocessors, it has become increasingly difficult to develop and debug embedded software without the use of specialized tools. Virtutech's idea is to provide tools that allow developers to develop software faster than they would using hardware and traditional development methods. In particular, by modeling a complex hardware system using software running on an ordinary workstation computer, Virtutech claims to reduce the challenge of embedded software development.

On February 5, 2010, Intel announced that it had acquired Virtutech and that Simics will now be maintained by Intel's subsidiary Wind River Systems. The price of the acquisition was $45M.

References
EE Times - Virtutech system-level simulator features Hindsight technology

Notes

External links 
Virtutech
Simics

1998 establishments in Sweden
Software companies based in California
Companies based in San Jose, California
Companies established in 1998
Electronic design automation companies
Emulation software
Simulation software
Virtual machines
Intel acquisitions
Defunct software companies of Sweden
Defunct software companies of the United States
Advanced Design System. Advanced Design System (ADS) is an electronic design automation software system produced by PathWave Design, a division of Keysight Technologies. It provides an integrated design environment to designers of RF electronic products such as mobile phones, pagers, wireless networks, satellite communications, radar systems, and high-speed data links.

Keysight ADS supports every step of the design process — schematic capture, layout, design rule checking, frequency-domain and time-domain circuit simulation, and electromagnetic field simulation — allowing the engineer to fully characterize and optimize an RF design without changing tools.

Keysight has donated copies of the ADS software to the electrical engineering departments at many universities.

See also

 Momentum (electromagnetic simulator) — 3D Planar EM simulator element of ADS platforms
 FEM Element — Arbitrary 3D geometry EM simulator element of ADS platforms

Notes
The deprecated Tektronix ADS is another, unrelated, electronic design automation system composed of TekSpice and QuickIC.

External links

Agilent ADS tutorial and forum EM Talk
ADS Basics Playlist - Keysight Technologies
 30-Second Demos of user-inspired innovations in Advanced Design System (ADS 2014)

Electronic design automation software
Electronic circuit simulators
Electromagnetic simulation software