omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Penta-Ocean. is a major Japanese construction firm. It specializes in marine works and land reclamation.

It originated from Mizuno Gumi (水野組) in 1896 in Hiroshima Prefecture, and later renamed to the current name and capitalized in 1954. It has offices in Tokyo, Singapore, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Egypt, Sri Lanka, India, Thailand, Vietnam and Dubai.

The company is listed on the Tokyo and Nagoya Stock Exchange.

Business segments and major projects 
PentaOcean Construction is involved in numerous projects in Japan and overseas. The construction division is engaged in the development of railroads, sewerage systems, airports, harbors, roads, bridges, office and residential buildings, warehouses, plants and electric power stations.

The real estate division is engaged in real estate development and leasing. Other operations include the sale of construction materials and machinery, leasing and shipbuilding.

It was a major contractor for the land reclamation of Jurong Island, Pasir Panjang Container Terminal, Marina Bay reclamation, Tuas, Singapore Changi Airport reclamation projects in Singapore, the Esplanade in Singapore, widening and deepening of Suez Canal, West Rail for the Kowloon-Canton Railway, Patimban Deep Sea Port in Indonesia and a major contractor in the construction of Chubu International Airport and Kansai International Airport.

Among other construction includes Akinada Bridge in Hiroshima, the Nukui Dam in Hiroshima Prefecture, Rainbow Bridge, Tokyo Bay Aqua-Line, runway D of Haneda Airport in Tokyo, Prince of Wales Hospital in Hong Kong, VivoCity and ArtScience Museum in Singapore and South Container Terminal of Port of Constanţa in Romania.

References

External links 

 Official website 

Construction and civil engineering companies based in Tokyo
Manufacturing companies based in Tokyo
Companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange
Companies listed on the Nagoya Stock Exchange
Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1896
Japanese companies established in 1896
Fuyo Group
Faucett F-19. 

The Faucett F-19 was a 1940s Peruvian eight-seat high-wing transport monoplane built by the airline Faucett Perú for its own use.

Development
To meet its own requirement for an eight-seat transport the airline's engineering department designed and built the Faucett F-19. The design was based on the Stinson SM-1 Detroiter with improvements to meet the airline's specific operating requirements.

The F-19 was a high-wing braced monoplane with a fixed tailwheel landing gear or floats. The cabin sat two crew and six passengers. Some aircraft were used for cargo work with no main cabin windows. 36 examples were built between 1934 and 1946.

The aircraft was powered by an 875 hp (652 kW) Pratt & Whitney Wasp radial engine but the seaplane version use a 600 hp (447 kW) Pratt & Whitney Wasp radial engine. Most of the aircraft were built and used by the airline but a number were supplied to the Peruvian Government.

Specifications (Landplane)

See also
 Faucett Perú
 FMA AeT.1

References

1940s Peruvian airliners
1930s aircraft stubs
1930s aircraft
Airliners
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Aircraft first flown in 1934
Quantum lithography. Quantum lithography is a type of photolithography, which exploits non-classical properties of the photons, such as quantum entanglement, in order to achieve superior performance over ordinary classical lithography. Quantum lithography is closely related to the fields of quantum imaging, quantum metrology, and quantum sensing. The effect exploits the quantum mechanical state of light called the NOON state. Quantum lithography was invented at Jonathan P. Dowling's group at JPL, and has been studied by a number of groups.

Of particular importance, quantum lithography can beat the classical Rayleigh criterion for the diffraction limit. Classical photolithography has an optical imaging resolution that is limited by the wavelength of light used. For example, in the use of photolithography to mass-produce computer chips, it is desirable to produce smaller and smaller features on the chip, which classically requires moving to smaller and smaller wavelengths (ultraviolet and x-ray), which entails exponentially greater cost to produce the optical imaging systems at these extremely short optical wavelengths.

Quantum lithography exploits the quantum entanglement between specially prepared photons in the NOON state and special photoresists, that display multi-photon absorption processes to achieve the smaller resolution without the requirement of shorter wavelengths. For example, a beam of red photons, entangled 50 at a time in the NOON state, would have the same resolving power as a beam of x-ray photons.

The field of quantum lithography is in its infancy, and although experimental proofs of principle have been carried out using the Hong–Ou–Mandel effect, it is considered promising technology.

References

External links
American Institute of Physics
Introduction to Quantum Lithography
New York Times
Science News 

Quantum information science
Lithography (microfabrication)
Lamp rerating. Lamp rerating is modelling the predicted properties of a filament lamp when running the lamp at a voltage other than its specified rating, using  a power law function of voltage. The following equations can be used to estimate the new operating point. The exact value of the exponent parameters will typically vary slightly with the particular lamp design.

Va = Applied voltage
Vd = Design voltage

Rerated current = (Va/Vd)0.55 × current at design voltage  
Rerated luminous intensity = (Va/Vd)3.4 to 3.5 × Luminous intensity at design voltage 
Rerated life = (Va/Vd)−12 to -16 × Life at design voltage 
Rerated electrical power = (Va/Vd)1.6 × Electrical power at design voltage 
Rerated color temperature = (Va/Vd)0.42 × Color temperature at design voltage

See also
Incandescent light bulb#Light output and lifetime, which has much more detail.
Halogen lamp#Effect of voltage on performance, for halogen lamps.

References

Incandescent light bulbs
Pennsylvania Railroad class D6. Class D6 (formerly Class K, pre-1895) on the Pennsylvania Railroad was a class of  4-4-0 steam locomotive.
Nineteen were built by the PRR's Altoona Works (now owned by Norfolk Southern) between 1881 and 1883.  They were equipped with  drivers.
Seven were later converted to  drivers and classified D6a.

The D6 was one of the first American 4-4-0s to place the firebox above, rather than between, the locomotive's frames.
This added about 8 inches to the possible width of the firebox, enabling a larger, easier to fire and more powerful locomotive; the maximum fire grate area increased to about  from the previous maximum of about .

The innovation was not wholly new, having been first seen on the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad's 1859 Vera Cruz, designed by James Milholland of that road and built in their own shops; the Reading used this design until the invention of the Wootten firebox in 1877.
It was subsequently adopted by the Baldwin Locomotive Works in 1881 for six locomotives constructed for the Central Railroad of New Jersey; these were followed by the Pennsylvania Railroad locomotives, which garnered more attention for this design feature, in addition to having larger drivers than most previous 4-4-0s.

References

4-4-0 locomotives
D06
Railway locomotives introduced in 1881
Scrapped locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
Steam locomotives of the United States
Victory Tug. The Lord Nelson Victory Tug is a brand of recreational trawler designed by James Backus and produced by Lord Nelson Yachts, Inc. based in Seattle, Washington in the United States.

Delivery of the first 37-foot hull was in 1983. A total of eighty-six Victory Tugs ranging in length from  were built. The tugs are no longer in production, the last one being delivered in 1997.

Models

Similar boats 
Other motor yachts built in the style of a tugboat include American Tugs manufactured by Tomco Marine Group, Inc., in La Conner, Washington, USA; Nordic Tugs built in Burlington, Washington, USA; Ranger Tugs made in Kent, Washington, USA; and the Sundowner Tug (no longer in production).

References

Further reading 
Sea Magazine, December 2006, Lord of the Tugs
The Kitsap Sun, August 26, 2006, Shawna Walls, Tugboats Steaming Around Kitsap
2007 Powerboat Guide, Ed McNew, "Lord Nelson 37 Victory Tug, 1984-89", p. 896
 Soundings Online Magazine "Ready and able . . .Tugs reflect the working-class heritage of their forebears."
Western Boatman magazine, October/November 1984 (cover photo), "Lord Nelson Victory 37 Tug"

External links 
Classic Yacht Magazine, Victory in Seattle, p. 26-31, Dec. 2006/Winter 2007  
Classic Yacht Magazine, Living Legends (Jim Backus), p. 32-34, Dec. 2006/Winter 2007  
Classic Yacht Magazine, Victory in The Pacific, p. 58-64, Spring 2007 
Lord Nelson Victory Tug Owners Association 
Westlawn Institute of Marine Technology

Motorboats
Potworks Dam. Potworks Dam is in central Antigua located close to Bethesda. One of the most significant water treatment facilities on the island is located on the southern shore at the Delapps Water Treatment Plant.

History 
The dam has the name of a ceramics company. This area was a sugar cane farm owned by the Codrington family, one of the prominent planter families, constructed between the 18th and the 20th centuries. The potters created clay berets to be exported with molasses- the area touches Willoughby Bay to the southeast of St. John's Harbour and is part of the island's heavy clay soil zone.

In order to stop recurrent water emergencies, the storage facility was constructed in the late 1960s. A 19th-century bridge across Ayers Creek and portions of the manufacturing buildings were covered by the dam when it was constructed. A sudden exceptional downpour occurred just prior to the barrier's completion in 1968, preventing the seabed from being ready. The building could open in May 1970; this is marked by a memorial plaque.

The dam showed its worth in 1974, when there was a severe drought that lasted from January to mid-August. But in the midst of the disastrous 21-month drought that occurred in 1983–1985, the lake finally dried up in late 1984. This led to the total collapse of the water supply, necessitating the transportation of drinking water from nearby islands. This ought to stop now that seawater desalination has taken place.

The dam occasionally fills up after major storms, for example during February 2024.

Functions

Potworks Reservoir 
The lake is approximately 2½ kilometers long, 130 hectares in size, and can hold approximately 4 million m3 of water. It is the Caribbean's largest reservoir as a result. It supplies the island's drinking water supply, which is affected by drought, in contrast to other Caribbean islands. About 7 million m3, or 2/3 of the island's entire water storage capacity, is contained in the Potworks reservoir. The watershed area is 2,430 hectares, or 24 square km.

Other than the reservoir, the island gets its water from several tiny cisterns and household fountains, as well as from saltwater desalination plants such Semibcorp Antigua, Camp Blizzard, and Ffryes Beach.

Delapps Water Treatment Plant 
The Delapps Water Treatment Plant, located south of the lake and across from Bethesda, receives the water supply. It undergoes reversosmotically treated there before being put into the island's water network. With the half-powerful Bendals Water Treatment Plant (Dunnings Dam) and a few smaller plants, the surface water treatment plants account for 1/3 of the island's current daily requirement. The plant produces 7,000 m3 per day, or around 20% of the total.

Water also flows via Delapps to the smaller Collins Reservoir below Ayers Creek and, if needed, to the agriculturally-oriented Bethesda Dam south of Willoughby Bay.

See also

References
Scott, C. R. (ed.) (2005) Insight guide: Caribbean (5th edition). London: Apa Publications.

Bodies of water of Antigua and Barbuda
Dams in Antigua and Barbuda
Saint Paul Parish, Antigua and Barbuda
Saint Peter Parish, Antigua and Barbuda
Lath art. Lath art is a form of woodworking folk art for making rustic pictures out of strips out of old "lath" from "plaster and lath" walls. Today it is commonly made from lattice, lumber stickers and weathered lobster traps. Beach scenes and rural scenes are the most popular themes.

Techniques
  
Lath art has a lot in common with marquetry and intarsia. They are all woodworking hobbies to make pictures out of sections of wood, but marquetry  and intarsia use the wood grain as a design element, and lath art uses the direction of the lath stick and the colors of the stains as a design element.

See also 
Parquetry
Scroll saw
Tunbridge ware

References

Decorative arts
Woodworking
Visual arts genres
Folk art
Sky crane. Sky crane or skycrane may refer to:
 A type of aerial crane helicopter pioneered by Sikorsky in 1950s and 1960s where the fuselage is only large enough to accommodate the pilot and crew and does not have a cargo hold or passenger area. Examples include S-64 Skycrane, S-60 and CH-54 Tarhe.
 Sikorsky S-64 Skycrane, an American twin-engine heavy-lift helicopter
 Sky crane (landing system), soft landing system used for Curiosity and Perseverance Mars rovers

See also 
 Aerial crane
Blum–Shub–Smale machine. In computation theory, the Blum–Shub–Smale machine, or BSS machine, is a model of computation introduced by Lenore Blum, Michael Shub and Stephen Smale, intended to describe computations over the real numbers. Essentially, a BSS machine is a Random Access Machine with registers that can store arbitrary real numbers and that can compute rational functions over reals in a single time step. It is closely related to the Real RAM model. 

BSS machines are more powerful than Turing machines, because the latter are by definition restricted to a finite set of symbols. A Turing machine can represent a countable set (such as the rational numbers) by strings of symbols, but this does not extend to the uncountable real numbers.

Definition
A BSS machine M is given by a list  of  instructions (to be described below), indexed . A configuration of M is a tuple , where  is the index of the instruction to be executed next,  and  are registers holding non-negative integers, and  is a list of real numbers, with all but finitely many being zero. The list  is thought of as holding the contents of all registers of M. The computation begins with configuration  and ends whenever ; the final content of  is said to be the output of the machine.

The instructions of M can be of the following types:
Computation: a substitution  is performed, where  is an arbitrary rational function (a quotient of two polynomial functions with arbitrary real coefficients); registers  and  may be changed, either by  or  and similarly for . The next instruction is .
Branch(): if  then goto ; else goto .
Copy(): the content of the "read" register  is copied into the "written" register ; the next instruction is .

Theory 
Blum, Shub and Smale defined the complexity classes P (polynomial time) and NP (nondeterministic polynomial time) in the BSS model. Here NP is defined by adding an existentially-quantified input to a problem. They give a problem which is NP-complete for the class NP so defined: existence of roots of quartic polynomials. This is an analogue of the Cook-Levin Theorem for real numbers.

See also
Complexity and Real Computation
General purpose analog computer
Hypercomputation
Real computer
Quantum finite automaton

References

Further reading
 
 

Models of computation
National Center of Excellence in Aviation Operations Research. The National Center of Excellence in Aviation Operations Research (NEXTOR), is part of a national alliance of research institutes with centers dedicated to the advancement of new ideas, the training of professionals, and the growth of knowledge in the field of aviation operations.

Nextor was established in 1996 by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) as a collaboration between academia, government, and private industry. It comprises five university centers of excellence, government partners, and industry partners. It offers conferences and research to advance its mission of education and growth of knowledge in the field.

The NEXTOR administrative offices are located at the center of excellence at University of California, Berkeley, as part of the Institute of Transportation Studies. Other centers of excellence are located at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Virginia Polytechnical Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), and George Mason University.

Each NEXTOR university center has its own director:
Michael Ball, Ph.D., University of Maryland at College Park
Arnold Barnett, Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Mark Hansen, Ph.D., UC Berkeley
Lance Sherry, Ph.D., George Mason University
Antonio Trani, Virginia Tech

See also
Transportation Library, UC Berkeley

References
Mark Hansen, Ph.D., Director, NEXTOR, UC Berkeley
Michael Cassidy, Ph.D., Acting Director, UC Berkeley Institute of Transportation Studies
Steven Campbell, Assistant Director, UC Berkeley Institute of Transportation Studies

Virginia Tech
Aviation organizations based in the United States
Research institutes in California
Education in California
Aviation in California
Transportation in California
Windward Performance. Windward Performance is an aircraft design house and manufacturer located in  Bend, Oregon. The company is owned and led by Greg Cole. Windward Performance has helped numerous companies with technical expertise and in house they designed and developed the SparrowHawk ultralight sailplane and the DuckHawk high strength, high performance 15m sailplane.

The company also designed and built the Perlan II stratospheric glider which now holds the sailplane world altitude record at 52,172 ft.

References

External links
 Windward Performance

Aircraft manufacturers of the United States
Companies based in Bend, Oregon
SAMCEF. SAMCEF is a finite element analysis (FEA) software package dedicated to mechanical virtual prototyping.  SAMCEF development started in 1965 at the Aerospace Laboratory of University of Liège. It was developed and sold by SAMTECH, a Belgian company, founded in 1986  and located in Liège, Belgium. SAMTECH s.a. was acquired by LMS in 2011.

LMS was acquired by Siemens in 2013. SAMCEF is now part of Siemens Simulation Software Simcenter.

Software features
SAMCEF software package is made of several modules that can be used and bought independently from one another.

SAMCEF Field is the package's graphical user interface (GUI) where users will define their models based on CAD geometry. SAMCEF Field is able to drive all SAMCEF solvers modules within the same environment, making it easy for users to investigate different aspects of the case he is studying without having to learn new ways of doing it for each of them.

Here is the list of the most important modules available:

 SAMCEF Linear: dedicated to linear analysis, including linear static (SAMCEF Asef), modal analysis (SAMCEF Dynam), response to harmonic forces (SAMCEF Repdyn), Buckling stability (SAMCEF Stabi) and response to random vibrations (SAMCEF Spectral)
 SAMCEF Mecano - Non Linear static and dynamic analysis (implicit formulation) with the unique ability to enable the integration of MBS (Multi Body Simulation) features in the models, mostly kinematic joints like hinges, sliders...
 SAMCEF Thermal - Linear and Non Linear, transient and steady state thermal analysis, including conduction, convection, radiations and potentially thermal ablation (SAMCEF Amaryllis)
 BOSS Quattro - Parametric Applications Manager and Multi Disciplinary Optimization

SAMCEF modules are also used as the foundation for solutions dedicated to specific industries.  In that case, users can use SAMCEF products inside environments dedicated to their specific applications:

 S4WT (SAMCEF For Wind Turbines): dedicated to basic and advanced design and load computations inside Wind Turbines.
 S4PL&S (SAMCEF For Powerlines and Substations): dedicated to the design of electrical transport devices, including computations of the effects of wind, frost and short circuits.
 S4R (SAMCEF For Rotors): dedicated to the study of fast rotating machines, including Campbell diagrams computations, blades loss, engine start-up...  based on 1D, 2D and 3D Finite Elements.

References

Finite element method
1960s software
IBM Rome Software Lab. The IBM Rome Software Lab (formerly known as IBM Tivoli Rome Laboratory) is one of the largest software development laboratories in Italy, and one of the largest IBM Software Group Labs in Europe.

Founded in 1978, the Rome Lab (located in Rome) now has more than 550 professionals among software developers, project managers, IT specialists, and IT architects. The main mission of the Rome Lab is focused on IBM Tivoli development, including Tivoli Configuration Manager, Tivoli Remote Control, Tivoli Workload Scheduler, and Tivoli Monitoring. 

In 2004, the laboratory focused on the adoption of the IBM Rational Unified Process (RUP) in Tivoli and in the wider Software Group inside IBM. In 2007, IBM opened the "Rome SOA Leadership Center" hosted by and formed with a team of experts on service-oriented architecture (SOA) coming from the IBM Rome Software Laboratory. The Rome laboratory constantly collaborates with Italian Universities and Research Centers.

Another portion of this reality is the "Rome Solutions Lab", which includes two main areas: the "Publishing" area involved in the development, support and delivery of the IBM NICA (Networked Interactive Content Access); and the "Industry Solutions" area, an internal development organization, working on the development, support and delivery of software based on and providing extensions to IBM Software Group products.

References

IBM facilities