omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Groxis. Groxis was a tech company based in San Francisco, California that developed and marketed the web-based federated content access and visual search engine called Grokker.

History 
Groxis was founded by Jean-Michel Decombe, Paul Hawken, and R.J. Pittman in 2001, and ceased operations in March 2009.

Jean-Michel Decombe was Chief Technology Officer until 2006. He conceived the vision and invented the concepts underlying Groxis' flagship product, Grokker, for which he obtained several patents, including 6,879,332, 6,888,554, 7,036,093, and 7,290,223.

Paul Hawken was Executive Chairman until 2003. He raised the initial round of capital from angel investors. He assembled a team of advisors including Paul Saffo and John Seely Brown.

R.J. Pittman was Chief Executive Officer until 2006. He raised capital from top-tier venture capitalists. He was responsible for all pathfinder customer wins and key partnerships. He also set overall product direction, leading the company and moving Grokker.com into the top 5000 most visited websites on the Internet.

Groxis partners and customers included Sun Microsystems, Stanford University, Fast Search & Transfer, EBSCO Information Services, the Internet Public Library, and Amgen, as well as Yahoo!, Google, and Amazon.

The company won several industry awards including DEMOgod 2003, Always On Top 100, and Wired 100.

The name Grokker is inspired by the 1961 Robert A. Heinlein science fiction classic Stranger in a Strange Land, in which Grok is a Martian word meaning literally ‘to drink’ and metaphorically ‘to be one with.’ To grok something is to understand something so well that it is fully absorbed into oneself. It is to look at every problem, opportunity, action, and point of view from any and all perspectives.

References 

Software companies based in California
Companies based in San Francisco
Internet search engines
Defunct software companies of the United States
Hydride vapour-phase epitaxy. Hydride vapour-phase epitaxy (HVPE) is an epitaxial growth technique often employed to produce semiconductors such as GaN, GaAs, InP and their related compounds, in which hydrogen chloride is reacted at elevated temperature with the group-III metals to produce gaseous metal chlorides, which then react with ammonia to produce the group-III nitrides. Carrier gasses commonly used include ammonia, hydrogen and various chlorides.

HVPE technology can significantly reduce the cost of production compared to the most common method of vapor deposition of organometallic compounds (MOCVD). Cost reduction is achieved by significantly reducing the consumption of NH3, cheaper source materials than in MOCVD, reducing the capital equipment costs, due to the high growth rate.

Developed in the 1960s, it was the first epitaxial method used for the fabrication of single GaN crystals.

Hydride vapour-phase epitaxy (HVPE) is the only III–V and III–N semiconductor crystal growth process working close to equilibrium. This means that the condensation reactions exhibit fast kinetics: one observes immediate reactivity to an increase of the vapour-phase supersaturation towards condensation. This property is due to the use of chloride vapour precursors GaCl and InCl, of which dechlorination frequency is high enough so that there is no kinetic delay. A wide range of growth rates, from 1 to 100 micrometers per hour, can then be set as a function of the vapour-phase supersaturation. Another HVPE feature is that growth is governed by surface kinetics: adsorption of gaseous precursors, decomposition of ad-species, desorption of decomposition products, surface diffusion towards kink sites. This property is of benefit when it comes to selective growth on patterned substrates for the synthesis of objects and structures exhibiting a 3D morphology. The morphology is only dependent on the intrinsic growth anisotropy of crystals. By setting experimental growth parameters of temperature and composition of the vapour phase, one can control this anisotropy, which can be very high as growth rates can be varied by an order of magnitude. Therefore, we can shape structures with various novel aspect ratios. The accurate control of growth morphology was used for the making of GaN quasi-substrates, arrays of GaAs and GaN structures on the micrometer and submicrometer scales, GaAs tips for local spin injection. Fast dechlorination property is also used for the VLS growth of GaAs and GaN nanowires with exceptional length.

References

Chemical vapor deposition
Thin film deposition
Semiconductor device fabrication
Carlos Fernández-Pello. Carlos Fernández-Pello (born in Asturias, Spain) is a faculty member of the University of California, Berkeley, Department of Mechanical Engineering.  He also serves as an associate dean in the Graduate Division at Berkeley, where he oversees the Graduate Diversity Program, the American Indian Graduate Program, Graduate Division’s academic services, fellowships, publications, and websites.  His research interests are in combustion, heat and mass transfer, microgravity combustion, micro and meso-scale combustion, ignition and flame propagation, smouldering and transition to flaming combustion. Fernández-Pello has been involved in teaching and research activities since the 1970s in different institutions.

Career and research
Carlos Fernández-Pello received his Ph.D. from University of California, San Diego in 1975 under the supervision of Forman A. Williams. Earlier, he received his M.Sc. degree (1973) at U.C. San Diego, and his Bachelor at Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (Spain, 1968). After working as a postdoctoral researcher at Harvard, Princeton University and Northwestern University, he joined UC Berkeley in 1980. Since then, he has held the following academic positions: associate dean of the Graduate Division (since 2003), vice-chairman of graduate matters, Mechanical Engineering Department (1997–2000), vice-chairman Graduate Council (2000–2001), professor (since 1986), and associate professor (1982–1986).

He has served as an engineer in the industry at SENER (Spain). He is a Fellow of The Spanish Royal Academy of Engineering, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, The Combustion Institute, and the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Also, he had been a member of the Universities Space Research Association, the Microgravity Science and Applications Council, the board of directors of the Center for Pure and Applied Mathematics at UC Berkeley, the NASA Space Station Science and Applications Advisory Committee, and of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. He is an active member of the editorial advisory board of journals in the field of combustion.

Fernández-Pello has research experience in several topics of combustion, but he is better known for his contributions in three main topics: Flame spread over solid fuels, smouldering combustion and microscale combustion.

References

External links 
 Fernández-Pello's webpage

American people of Asturian descent
Mechanical engineers
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Spanish emigrants to the United States
UC Berkeley College of Engineering faculty
Polytechnic University of Madrid alumni
University of California, San Diego alumni
Princeton University staff
Harvard University staff
Northwestern University faculty
Fellows of the Combustion Institute
Alexander Anderson (physicist). Alexander Anderson (12 May 1858 – 7 September 1936) was an Irish physicist and President of Queen's College Galway, now the University of Galway, from 1899 until 1934. In electrical engineering he is known for Anderson's bridge. He is credited with being the first physicist to consider black holes as real physical entities, in a 1920 paper.

Early life and education
Alexander Anderson was born on 12 May 1858, the son of Daniel Anderson, of Camus, Coleraine, County Londonderry. He was educated at Queen's College Galway, where he won a first-year scholarship in the Science Division of the Faculty of Arts and the Sir Robert Peel Prize in Geometry in 1876. He was awarded gold medals on the results of his B.A. examination in 1880, and his M.A. examination in 1881. He then won first place in an open examination for a scholarship to Sidney Sussex College at Cambridge from which he graduated BA (6th wrangler) in 1884. He was later awarded MA in 1888.

Career
In 1885, Anderson returned to Queen's College Galway, where he was appointed Professor of Natural Philosophy, a post he held until 1934. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal University of Ireland in 1886, and a Fellow of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, in 1891. He was appointed President of Queen's College Galway on the resignation of Professor W. J. M. Starkie in 1899.

Anderson was conferred with an honorary LL.D. by the University of Glasgow in 1901. He served as a Senator of both the Royal University of Ireland, and its successor, the National University of Ireland, and as a member of the Dublin Commissioners appointed under the Irish Universities Act 1908. He was Vice-Chancellor of the National University of Ireland in 1915 and 1920.

He retired as President of the College in 1934, and died in September 1936.

Personal life
Anderson married Miss Emily Binns, of Galway. His daughter, Emily Anderson, was a Professor of German, music historian and noted cryptanalyst.

References

Obituary, The Irish Times, 7 September 1936
History, National University of Ireland, Galway

1858 births
1936 deaths
Academics of the University of Galway
Presidents of the University of Galway
Alumni of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge
Fellows of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge
Irish physicists
People from Coleraine, County Londonderry
Scientists from County Londonderry
Zapple Monitor. The Zapple Monitor was a firmware-based product developed by Roger Amidon at Technical Design Laboratories (also known as TDL). TDL was based in Princeton, New Jersey, USA in the 1970s and early 1980s.

The Zapple monitor was a primitive operating system which could be expanded and used as a Basic Input/Output Services (BIOS) 8080- and Z80-based computers. Much of the functionality of Zapple would find its way into applications like 'Debug' in MS-DOS.

Zapple commands would allow a user to examine and modify memory, I/O, execute software (Goto or Call) and had a variety of other commands. The program required little in the way of then-expensive read-only memory (ROM) or RAM. An experienced user could use Zapple to test and debug code, verify hardware function, test memory, and so on.

A typical command line would start with a letter such as 'X' (examine memory) followed by a hexadecimal word (the memory address 01AB) and [enter] or [space]. After this sequence the content of the memory location would be shown [FF] and the user could enter a hexadecimal byte [00] to replace the contents of the address, or hit [space] or [enter] to move to the next address [01AB]. An experienced user could enter a small program in this manner, entering machine language from memory.
 
Because of the simple structure of the program, consisting of a vector table (one for each letter) and a small number of subroutines, and because the source code was readily available, adding or modifying Zapple was straightforward. The dominant operating system of the era, CP/M, required the computer manufacturer or hobbyist to develop hardware specific BIOS. Many users tested their BIOS subroutines using Zapple to verify, for example, a floppy disk track seek command, or read sector command, etc., was functioning correctly by extending Zapple to accommodate these operations in the hardware environment.

The general structure of Zapple lives on in the code of many older programmers working on embedded systems as it provides a simple mechanism to test the hardware before moving to more advanced user interfaces.

References

External links
 
 TDL Apple and Zapple monitor

History of software
DMP. DMP may refer to:

In science and technology
 2,2-Dimethoxypropane, a chemical reagent
 2,6-dimethylphenol, a monomer
 Data management plan, generally submitted as part of research grant proposals
 Data management platform, software for managing online advertising and customer data as part of personalized marketing
 Data memory-dependent prefetcher, part of some CPU architectures
 Dess–Martin periodinane, a chemical reagent used to oxidise alcohols
 Dot matrix printer, a type of printers used very commonly in the late 20th century
 Dialer management platform, a computer that manages least-cost routing dialers
 Digital media player, a category within the Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA) standard
 Dimethyl phthalate, a plasticizer
 Dimethyl pimelimidate, also known as dimethyl pimelimidate dihydrochloride, a cross-linking reagent
 Disease management programmes for chronic diseases  
 Dynamic multipathing, a system of computer storage
 Dynamics of Markovian particles, in statistical mechanics, the basis of a theory for kinetics of particles
 DMP, a file suffix in Microsoft Windows used to indicate a file containing core dump data
 Digital Media Professionals, a Japanese GPU design company who designed the PICA200 chip
  Differentially Methylated Position; a methylated probe in the Illumina Methylation Assay

Medical
 Doctor of Medical Physics, a degree in medical physics
 Dance movement therapy (in the UK) or "dance therapy" (in the US and Australia)
 Differentially Methylated Positions, DMPs, part of Differentially methylated region

In entertainment
 Demotivational poster
 Digital Manga Publishing, a North American company that publishes manga
 Digital matte painter
 Digital matte painting, a form of matte painting
 DMP Digital Music Products, a jazz record label founded in 1983 by Tom Jung
 Donaldson, Moir and Paterson, a Scottish rock band
 Drayton Manor Theme Park, a theme park in Staffordshire, England

Other uses
 Debbie Mucarsel-Powell, American politician
 Debt management plan
 Desert Memorial Park, a cemetery near Palm Springs, California
 Dhaka Metropolitan Police
 Disability management program, used by employers to assist employees who are unable to work due to injury or illness
 Dublin Metropolitan Police, the police force of Dublin, Ireland, from 1836 to 1925
 Dual-member proportional representation, a proposed voting system developed in Canada
Streamline. Streamline may refer to:

Business 

 Streamline Air, American regional airline
 Adobe Streamline, a discontinued line tracing program made by Adobe Systems
 Streamline Cars, the company responsible for making the Burney car

Engineering 

 Streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines, in fluid flows
 Streamliner, a vehicle shaped to be less resistant to air

Film 
 Streamline (film), an Australian film directed by Tyson Wade Johnston

Media 

 Streamline Pictures, an American distribution company best known for distributing English dubbed Japanese animation
 Streamline Studios, an independent Dutch outsourcing and game developing studio
 Hal Roach's Streamliners, a series of short films made in the 1940s
 Streamline (comics), a fictional super-hero character
 Stream Line, the English title of the 1976 Italian film La linea del fiume starring Philippe Leroy
 Streamline, a newsletter published by the Migrant Clinicians Network

Music 

 Streamline Ewing (1917–2002), American jazz trombonist
 Streamline (Lenny White album), 1978
 Streamline (Lee Greenwood album), 1985
 "Streamline" (song), a 1994 song by Newton
 "Streamline", a song by System of a Down from the 2002 album Steal This Album!
 "Streamline", a song by Pendulum from the 2005 album Hold Your Colour
 "Streamline", a song by From Autumn to Ashes from the 2005 album Abandon Your Friends
 "Streamline", a song by VNV Nation from the 2011 album Automatic

Other 
 Orel VH2 Streamline, a French aircraft design
 Streamline (swimming), the position a swimmer takes underwater after pushing off a pool wall
 Streamline Moderne, an architectural style related to Art Deco
Operation Streamline, a program in the United States to prosecute illegal immigrants
Streamline, a brand of the United States Playing Card Company

See also
 Drag (physics)
 Process optimization
 Optimization (computer science)
 Rightsizing
 Streamlining the cities
Waukesha Engine. Waukesha is a brand of large stationary reciprocating engines produced by INNIO Waukesha Gas Engines, a business unit of the INNIO Group. It builds large gas engines and related industrial equipment for natural gas compression and for power generation.

For 62 years, Waukesha was an independent supplier of gasoline engines, diesel engines, multifuel engines (gasoline/kerosene/ethanol), and LNG/propane engines to many truck, tractor, heavy equipment, automobile, boat, ship, and engine-generator manufacturers. In 1906, the Waukesha Motor Company was founded in Waukesha, Wisconsin. In 1957, Waukesha bought the Climax Engineering Co. of Clinton, Iowa, also a noted builder of large engines. In 1968, Waukesha Motor Company was acquired by the Bangor-Punta Corporation. In 1973, Waukesha sold the Climax division to the Arrow Engine Company. In 1974, Waukesha Motor Company was sold to Dresser Industries and became Dresser's Waukesha Engine Division; its typical nicknames afterward were Waukesha Engine and Dresser Waukesha. In 1989, Dresser acquired the Brons company of the Netherlands. In 2010, Dresser, including Dresser Waukesha, was acquired by GE Energy. On January 20, 2014, Barack Obama visited the plant where he gave a speech on increasing the minimum wage to $10.10 an hour. He also discussed wage equality for women. Afterwards he took a tour of the plant. On September 28, 2015, GE announced it was closing the plant for good and moving the engine manufacturing operations to Canada. In November 2018 INNIO announced that Advent International has completed the acquisition of GE’s Distributed Power business, being a stand-alone energy company rebranded as INNIO. The transaction included the Jenbacher and Waukesha product lines, the digital platform and related services offerings, with main operating sites in Austria, Canada and the United States. Since July 2019 the Waukesha and Jenbacher business units service their segments and customers around the world as independent entities under the INNIO umbrella brand.

References

External links
GE Energy Waukesha gas engines
Waukesha Engine Historical Society

Waukesha, Wisconsin
Electrical generation engine manufacturers
Gas engine manufacturers
Engine manufacturers of the United States
2018 mergers and acquisitions
Former General Electric subsidiaries
Motor vehicle engine manufacturers
Interactive C. Interactive C is a program which uses a modified version of ANSI C with several libraries and features that allow hobbyists to program small robotics platforms.

Version by Newton Research Labs
Newton Research Labs developed Interactive C as a compiling environment for robots using the Motorola 6811 processor. The MIT LEGO Robot Design Contest (6.270) was the original purpose for the software. It became popular, however, due to its ability to compile on the fly rather than taking time to compile beforehand as other languages had done. The programming environment's newest version is IC Version 8.0.2, which supports these operating systems:
Microsoft Windows XP, 2000, Vista
Macintosh
Unix and Unix-like: IRIX, Solaris, SunOS; Linux

The screenshot to the right shows Interactive C running on a Windows operating system. The program features an Interaction Window where one-line C commands can be sent to the connected controller as well as an editing window, here titled main.c, where a program file is being edited and can be sent to the attached controller.

Here is the basic "Hello World" example for IC programming:
void main()
 {
      printf("Hello World");
 }
Here is another example using motor ports 1 and 3:
void main()
 {
      motor(1,100);
      motor(3,100);
      sleep(2.0);
      ao();
 }
A basic infinite loop that will beep for ever:
void main()
{
    while(1)
    {
        beep();
    }
}
 

Interactive C is used by Ohio State University to program MIT Handy Boards in its Fundamentals of Engineering for Honors Program.

Version by KISS Institute for Practical Robotics
KISS Institute for Practical Robotics developed a third-party alternative to the Newton Labs version of Interactive C for their Botball Educational Robotics Program.

The latest version of Interactive C by KISS Institute for Practical Robotics is IC 8.0.2, which supports these operating systems:
Windows 2000, XP, Vista
Mac OS X 10.3, 10.4, 10.5
Linux (with gcc 3.3)

IC8 supports the following robotics controllers:
Xport Botball Controller (XBC) versions 1, 2, and 3
Xport Botball Controller (XBC) with iRobot Create
MIT Handy Board with Expansion Board
Lego RCX using the serial IR tower

References

External links
Botball IC page
KISS Institute for Practical Robotics IC Beta page
Newton Labs IC page
Interactive C Manual from handyboard.com

C (programming language)
Post pounder. A post pounder, post driver, post rammer, post knocker or fence driver is a tool used for driving fence posts and similar items into land surfaces.  It consists of a heavy steel pipe which is closed at one end and has handles welded onto the sides.  It is normally used by one person, but larger versions may require two.

History
An early type was developed in 1933 by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation to aid the installation of fencing along roads and highways.

Operation
The open end is put over the top of the post to be driven, then the tool is lifted and dropped repeatedly onto the top of the post.  The closed end strikes the top of the post, driving it into the ground.  Unlike a maul it can be used easily on tall posts, such as those used for deer fencing.  Because the tube guides the striking force consistently in line with the post and strikes it across its full width, a post pounder usually damages the top of the post less than a maul.  It is not suitable for posts which will be shorter than the length of the tool, or for posts which do not fit easily into the tube because of bulges or curves, or their over-large diameter.  The tool is difficult to use on slanting posts.

The post pounder can also be used to remove t-posts. To do so, put the closed end of the post pounder on the ground about 6 inches from the t-post. It should be on the side of the post with the knobs. Push back on the t-post away from the pounder, then push the top of the pounder so the rim sets beneath the lowest knob possible on the t-post. With the pounder lodged beneath the t-post knob, pull the t-post back to the starting position and it will lift up a few inches. Repeat process until t-post can be removed.

Safety and Precautions
Single-person post pounders tend to be around , but weight varies with model types.  The diameter depends on the size of the post to be pounded.  They can be dangerous to handle, especially if the lower edge of the pounder catches on the top of the post, when it can pivot towards the user and strike them on the head.

Hearing protection and a hard hat are often recommended.

See also 
 Steel fence post

References

Farming tools
Fences
Gardening tools
Tools
Barium iodide. Barium iodide is an inorganic compound with the formula BaI2.  The compound exists as an anhydrous and a hydrate (BaI2(H2O)2), both of which are white solids. When heated, hydrated barium iodide converts to the anhydrous salt. The hydrated form is freely soluble in water, ethanol, and acetone.

Structure
The structure of the anhydrous form resembles that of lead(II) chloride with each Ba center bound to nine iodide ligands and has a crystalline packing structure that is quite similar to BaCl2.

Reactions
Anhydrous BaI2 can be prepared by treating Ba metal with 1,2-diiodoethane in ether.

BaI2 reacts with alkyl potassium compounds to form organobarium compounds.

BaI2 can be reduced with lithium biphenyl, to give a highly active form of barium metal.

Safety
Like other soluble salts of barium, barium iodide is toxic.

References

Iodides
Barium compounds
Alkaline earth metal halides