omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
South Puyallup River Bridge. The South Puyallup River Bridge was built in 1930–31 in Mount Rainier National Park as part of the West Side Road project, planned to link the park's Nisqually and Carbon River entrances. The stone-faced reinforced concrete bridge was designed by the National Park Service and the Bureau of Public Roads. It spans  and is almost  wide, carrying two lanes of traffic.

The bridge was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 13, 1991. It is part of the Mount Rainier National Historic Landmark District, which encompasses the entire park and which recognizes the park's inventory of Park Service-designed rustic architecture.

See also
List of bridges documented by the Historic American Engineering Record in Washington (state)

References

External links

Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington (state)
Bridges completed in 1931
Arch bridges in the United States
National Park Service rustic in Washington (state)
Buildings and structures in Mount Rainier National Park
Bridges in Pierce County, Washington
Historic American Engineering Record in Washington (state)
National Register of Historic Places in Mount Rainier National Park
Bridges over the Puyallup River
Concrete bridges in Washington (state)
Stone bridges in the United States
1931 establishments in Washington (state)
Stuttgart–Wendlingen high-speed railway. The Stuttgart–Wendlingen high-speed railway is an under construction German high-speed line being built as part of the Stuttgart 21 project. It runs from Stuttgart Hauptbahnhof via the Filder Tunnel to the Filder plain and from there to the Neckar valley at Wendlingen, where it runs on to the Wendlingen–Ulm high-speed line. It is part of the Paris-Bratislava corridor as defined by the European Union.

The line will connect the new Filder station via the Airport Loop, and another line will connect to the existing airport station.

The design speed of the approximately 25.2 km line is mostly . As of 2024, it is planned to enter in commercial service in December 2026 (two years delay compared to the expectation from 2017).

Route
The line runs from Stuttgart station to the south through the 9,468 metre long Filder Tunnel and surface southwest of Stuttgart-Plieningen near Stuttgart Airport and the A8 autobahn. It then runs to the east parallel with the A8 on its north side for about 10 kilometres to the Denkendorf service area. Between Denkendorf and Neuhausen the line runs under the A 8 in a 768 m long Denkendorf Tunnel and then runs parallel with it on its south side to the southeast. On the western abutment of the Neckar Bridge at Wendlingen the line becomes the proposed Wendlingen–Ulm high-speed line.

References

Railway lines in Baden-Württemberg
High-speed railway lines in Germany
Underground farming. Underground farming is the practice of cultivating food underground. Underground farming is usually done using hydroponics, aeroponics or air-dynaponics systems or container gardens. Light is generally provided by means of growth lamps or daylighting systems (as light tubes).

The advantages of underground farming are that it is independent of the environment above the ground. Thus, a hot or cold climate is more manageable underground. Also, possible air pollution gases can be more easily filtered. There is theoretically much space below ground. Thus, underground farming could be one part of the solution for higher food security.

On the downside are that current high energy costs for the growth lamps. Also, building underground spaces is expensive with current technology.

Mushrooms, particularly Agaricus bisporus, have been cultivated underground in France since the late 1800s. As of 2021, there are several acres of mushrooms grown in tunnels under Paris.

Present systems
 The Lunar greenhouse is an underground farm made by Phil Sadles and Gene Giacomelli of the University of Arizona's Controlled Environment Agriculture Center (CEAC) The urine and exhaled air of the astronauts is reused in the system by the plants.
 GreenForges is a Canadian startup developing underground farming systems.

See also
 Forestiere Underground Gardens
 Pot farming
 Rooftop farming
 Vertical farming

References

Urban agriculture
Types of garden
Ujjain Engineering College. Ujjain Engineering College is an engineering college in Ujjain city, in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. The college was established by the government of Madhya Pradesh in 1966.

History 
The college was founded as Government Engineering College, Ujjain, in 1966 by the government of Madhya Pradesh, with a view to improve technical education. The college was declared autonomous by the state government in 1997. Under this arrangement, the college is governed by a governing body, whose chairman is the minister of the Manpower Planning Department of the state government, and the secretary is the college's principal. The college is recognized by the All India Council of Technical Education.

Campus 
The college's campus covers nearly 300 acres of land situated at Indore Road.

Courses 
Initially, there were only three branches of engineering: civil engineering, mechanical engineering, and electrical engineering. Later on, electronics engineering (1985) and chemical engineering (1986) branches were introduced. A Bachelor of Engineering in computer science and engineering course was commenced in the 2001-2002 year. 
The college has post-graduate programs in engineering in various streams, including an Electronics and Communication course that commenced in 2012. The college is also a research center for Doctorate programs in various engineering fields.

Events 
Festivals include:
 Technical Events festival
 Mech Tech Meet (MTM): The institute's annual technical festival, first held on 6 March 2010.

Cultural and social events include:
 Aayam: A college annual function organized within college premises.
 Xception: A college cultural and social festival, organized by the students, with online and offline events.

Clubs 
Litoffer is a literature and personality development club that started in September 2015 and encourages students to improve their skills in public speaking and writing. It conducts debates, group discussions, extempore speaking, and academic events.

References

External links
Official website
Xception website
Mech Tech Meet website
 https://www.facebook.com/xception.co.in/
 https://www.aicte-india.org/sites/default/files/CRS_Circular.pdf

Educational institutions established in 1966
Engineering colleges in Madhya Pradesh
Education in Ujjain
1966 establishments in Madhya Pradesh
Buildings and structures in Ujjain
Vikram University
University of Washington College of Engineering. The University of Washington College of Engineering is the engineering school of the University of Washington, a public research university in Seattle, Washington, United States.

History
Founded in 1901.

Faculty of UW Engineering have included 27 members of the National Academy of Engineering, 32 Sloan Foundation Research Award recipients, and two MacArthur Foundation Fellows.

 From 2012 to 2017, 85 companies were started by UW engineering students and faculty or technology. 
 Over 50% of UW startups in FY18 came from the College of Engineering. 
 UW-sponsored research totals over $1B annually. 
 From 2012 to 2017, 1,128 innovations were reported and 1,824 patents were filed. 
 Engineering research expenditures totaled $153M in FY18. 
 In FY18, industry-sponsored research for UW Engineering totaled $14.6M.

In autumn 2017, the college began a "Direct to College" admission process by which prospective freshman can apply directly to the college to be assured a place in an engineering major. Accepted students must still meet minimum progress requirements to enter a major. The process was created in response to the growing competition at the college, where fewer than half of undergraduates who apply to major in engineering are accepted.

References

Colleges, schools, and departments of the University of Washington
Universities and colleges established in 1901
1901 establishments in Washington (state)
Engineering schools and colleges in the United States
Backstrom EPB-1 Flying Plank. The Backstrom EPB-1 Flying Plank is an American mid-wing, single seat, tailless glider that was designed by Al Backstrom, with assistance from Phil Easley and Jack Powell in 1954 and made available as plans for amateur construction.

Design and development
The Flying Plank was intended to be an aircraft that could be built at home, that would be of minimum size and yet still provide reasonable soaring performance. The prototype Plank featured tip rudders and was used for drag-reduction tests conducted at Mississippi State University before it was retired. The EPB-1 designation indicates the design team's last names.

The EPB-1 is constructed with a wooden structure, with doped aircraft fabric covering. The landing gear is a monowheel, with a nose skid.

The "A" model was described in the plans sold and retained the twin tip rudders of the EPB-1, although some were built with a single fin and rudder assembly attached to the cockpit rear. At least one two-place side-by-side seating version was built in Australia, and another as a motor glider. The standard wingspan is , but versions have been built with spans up to .

Operational history
In March 2011 two EPB-1s were still registered in the USA, including the one in the National Soaring Museum.

Variants

EPB-1
Initial prototype with dual tip rudders
EPB-1A
Standard model built from plans, also with dual tip rudders
EPB-1C
Model modified by Al Cleave, featuring a centrally-mounted fin and rudder.
EPB-1H
Model modified with a different airfoil, was not successful, dismantled.
WPB-1 Powered Plank
Also known as the Flying Plank II, motor glider version

Aircraft on display
National Soaring Museum - EPB-1A and EPB-1C

Specifications (EPB-1A)

See also

References

External links

Photo of EPB-1C
Flying Plank test flight video

1950s United States sailplanes
Tailless aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1954
Toyota Commemorative Museum of Industry and Technology. The , also known as Toyota Tecno Museum, is a technology museum located in Nishi-ku in the city of Nagoya, central Japan.

History 
Toyota started as a textile firm and evolved over decades into an international automobile producer. The museum was established in  and is housed in an old red-brick textile factory. Its display starts with textile looms and then gradually goes over into the history of cars. Also featured are high-tech robots.

Access by public transport is Sako Station on the Meitetsu line or Kamejima Station by the Higashiyama Line.

Images

See also
 Toyota Automobile Museum

External links 

 Homepage of the Toyota Museum of Industry and Technology
 Google Virtual Gallery Tour

Toyota
Nishi-ku, Nagoya
Museums in Nagoya
Technology museums
Industry museums in Japan
Science museums in Japan
Museums established in 1994
1994 establishments in Japan
Transposon tagging. In genetic engineering, transposon tagging is a process where transposons (transposable elements) are amplified inside a biological cell by a tagging technique. Transposon tagging has been used with several species to isolate genes. Even without knowing the nature of the specific genes, the process can still be used.

In plants
By molecular separation of transposons, from a cell nucleus, the cloning is enabled for genes which contain the transposons.

By using transposon tagging, researchers have been able to add genetic elements from maize (corn) and Antirrhinum into some other species (such as tobacco, aspen and others). A gene responsible for a particular phenotype can be cloned within a given species, when movement is accompanied by the presence of a mutant phenotype.

References

Further reading
Transposon Tagging, North Dakota State University
A.M. Settles, Transposon Tagging and Reverse Genetics, University of Florida

Biochemistry detection methods
Cloning
Genetic engineering
Genetics techniques
Victor Vianu. Victor Vianu is a computer scientist, a professor of computer science and engineering at the University of California, San Diego. He served as editor-in-chief of the Journal of the ACM from 2009 to 2015.

Vianu did his graduate studies at the University of Southern California, earning his Ph.D. in 1983 under the supervision of Seymour Ginsburg; he joined the UCSD faculty in 1984.

Vianu's book Foundations of Databases (with Serge Abiteboul and Richard Hull, Addison-Wesley, 1995) is a standard graduate textbook in database theory. In finite model theory and computational complexity theory, the Abiteboul–Vianu theorem (also published with Abiteboul, at the 1991 Symposium on Theory of Computing) states that polynomial time equals PSPACE if and only if fixed-point logic equals partial fixed-point logic. At the 2010 Symposium on Principles of Database Systems, Vianu and his co-authors Dan Suciu and Tova Milo won the Alberto O. Mendelzon Test-of-Time Award for their work ten years prior on type checking for XML transformation languages.  Vianu and his co-author Luc Segoufin won a second Alberto O. Mendelzon Test-of-Time award in 2015, for their 2005 article "Views and Queries: Determinacy and Rewriting."

In 2006, Vianu was elected as a Fellow of the ACM for his "contributions to database management systems".

In 2013, he was elected Fellow of the AAAS (American Association for the Advancement of Science). He was elected to Academia Europaea in 2014.

In his first paper recorded by DBLP (presented at MFCS, 1977), Vianu acknowledges Solomon Marcus for guidance.

References

External links
Home page at UCSD

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American computer scientists
Database researchers
University of Southern California alumni
University of California, San Diego faculty
2006 fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Members of Academia Europaea
Gennady Lebedev. Gennady Victorovich Lebedev (April 29, 1957 in the USSR – May 12, 2004 in Turkey) was a Russian economist, representative of Austrian School, businessman and politician. He advocated free enterprise and laissez-faire.

Biography 
Gennady Lebedev was born on 29 April 1957 in Soviet Union. In 1974 he enrolled in MSU Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, a faculty of Moscow State University. He graduated with distinction and became postgraduate student. He then joined the Laboratory of computational approaches of MSU Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics.

He was an author of several computer sciences textbooks. For example, his most popular textbook for pupils, Basic computer sciences and computer engineering, was published in an edition of 7 million. Others of his textbooks are also popular among professors and Lebedev's influence on Russian computer science is widely acknowledged.

In the beginning of 1992 he left the post of chairman and participated in the corporatization of Nakhodka Commercial Sea Port and organisation of Yukos Oil Company where initially he worked as a consultant and later as a vice-president.

Lebedev died on May 12, 2004, and is buried in Troitsk.

Readings in memory of Gennady Lebedev 
Readings in memory of Lebedev take place yearly and are dedicated to projects which develop ideas of freedom and liberty.

Works 
 Liberal Charter. 1992 year 
 Constitution of Ideal State. 1992 year. 
 Commercial Engineering and Municipal Services. 1992 year. 
 Thesises about taxes and tax system. 1997 year. 
 Constitutional amendments. 2001 year. 
 Conception of energetics development in Russian Federation. 2001 year. 
 Obligations of presidential candidate. 1999 year.

GVL Library 
Russian publishing house 'Sotsium'  jointly with 'Liberal Charter' organised the special series of books called 'GVL Library in honour of Gennady Lebedev (GVL are his initials) and the common subject of the books is libertarian orientation.

References

External links 
 Reading in Memory of Gennady Lebedev 
 Gennday Lebedev's page
 GVL Library

1957 births
2004 deaths
Austrian School economists
Moscow State University alumni
Russian economists
Russian libertarians
Russian politicians
Groupe INTRA. Groupe INTRA is a French emergency response organization created by the French CEA, and the French nuclear companies Areva and EDF. It maintains a number of emergency intervention teams equipped with high-power radiation-hardened teleoperated mobile robots for intervention in nuclear accidents. INTRA is an acronym for "INTervention Robotique sur Accident", robotic intervention in accident.

As of March 2011, Groupe INTRA is shipping equipment to Japan to help with the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident.

References

External links 
  (English)

Nuclear safety and security
Robotics organizations
Nuclear technology in France
Robots of France
Yale Bridge. The Yale Bridge or Lewis River Bridge spans the Lewis River near Yale, Washington. It was built in 1932 by Cowlitz and Clark counties. The suspension bridge has a clear span of , with a total length of , replacing a previous steel truss bridge at the site. Construction of the Ariel Dam had created Lake Merwin with a water depth of  at the site, requiring a new bridge that did not need to have support piers in the water. The road deck, stiffened by a steel Warren truss, is  above the high water line of the reservoir.

History 
The bridge was designed by Harold H. Gilbert of the Washington State Highway Department, and was constructed by the Gilpin Construction Company of Portland, Oregon.

Structure 
The only short-span steel suspension bridge in Washington, the bridge incorporates unique features. Only the central span is slung from the cables, with separate unloaded cables acting as backstays running from the  tall towers to concrete anchorages in the canyon's rocky sides. The approach spans were originally supported from below by a timber structure. The cables are discontinuous at the towers, unlike most suspension bridges, in which the cables run over a saddle on the towers. With less wear, the cables could be smaller. The bridge deck is made of timbers with an asphalt overlay. The counties transferred the bridge to the Washington State Department of Highways in the late 1930s and it was refitted in 1957–58 with steel approach spans. It is noted for prominent brackets supporting osprey nests.

Recognition 
The bridge was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 16, 1982.

See also
List of bridges documented by the Historic American Engineering Record in Washington (state)
List of bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington (state)

References

External links

Yale Bridge at Clark County, Washington

Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Washington (state)
Bridges completed in 1932
Suspension bridges in Washington (state)
Transportation buildings and structures in Cowlitz County, Washington
Bridges in Clark County, Washington
National Register of Historic Places in Clark County, Washington
National Register of Historic Places in Cowlitz County, Washington
Steel bridges in the United States
Bates Monoplane. The Bates Monoplane is a pioneering aircraft built by Carl Sterling Bates in 1911.

Design and development
Bates developed his first aircraft, a piloted kite in 1898 at the age of 14 at  Clear Lake, Iowa. Later as a student of Octave Chanute, he developed his own  biplane in 1908 with a similar design as a Curtiss biplane. Bates raced a modified Buick at Daytona with this tricycle gear aircraft. In 1911 he started on an all original design of his own, including a lightweight  engine.

The monoplane was built using a wooden fuselage, with a fabric covered oval steel tube tail section. Bates developed his own  engine for the aircraft that was also used on the Steinhous tandem biplane, and the Charles A. Hibbard monoplane of the same period.

Operational history
Bates tested and flew his designs at Cicero Field before the airport officially opened. His monoplane demonstrated, and crashed on the same day when the field opened on 4 July 1911. The aircraft was later rebuilt with a 3-cylinder Poyer engine by Heath.

In 1912 Bates Aeroplane company was sold to Heath Aircraft Company.

An example of a 1912 Bates monoplane is in the EAA Airventure Museum in Oshkosh, Wisconsin It was purchased in 1918 and stored in a barn until its restoration in 1957.

Specifications (Bates Monoplane)

References

1910s United States civil utility aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1911
Single-engined tractor aircraft
State transition network. A state transition network is a diagram that is developed from a set of data and charts the flow of data from particular data points (called states or nodes) to the next in a probabilistic manner.

Use
State transition networks are used in both academic and industrial fields.

Examples
State transition networks are a general construct, with more specific examples being augmented transition networks, recursive transition networks, and augmented recursive networks, among others.

See also
 State transition system
 Markov network
 History monoid

References

Data management
ED4 (Electric trainset). ED4 (Electric train Demikhovskiy 4-th modification) are a series of Russian electric trainsets, in production since 1996. The trains are produced by DMZ and currently in service on RZD lines in almost every part of the country and former USSR states.

Production history

The ED4 was designed to accommodate Russia's need for a domestically produced electric train-set. Russia's most widely exploited electric trains, the ER1 and ER2 series, were produced by the Rīgas Vagonbūves Rūpnīca (RVR) plant in Latvia before the collapse of the USSR.

Design work began in 1996 on the basis of the earlier ED2 series, which were largely equipped with RVR components. Electronic equipment for the new train was manufactured by The Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant, while the drive-train was built in Novosibirsk. ED4 train-cars are nearly identical to those used by both the ER29, and ED2T trains, differing mainly in having notably wider doors. 

After successfully completing testing, the first train entered service at the Mineralnye Vody Depot of the North Caucasus Railway. 

Only 5 trains carry the early ED4 identification, as the second variant, ED4M, began exclusive production thereafter. The main difference between the two trains is the equipment and shape of the operator's compartment.

Four of the early ED4 trains are in currently in service on the Moscow Railway, one on the North Caucasian Railway, and one in Belgorod.

Variants and modifications

ED4M

ED4M1

ED4MK

ED4MKu

ED4MKM

ED4MKM-AERO
Mechanically almost identical to the ED4MKM, these trains have an updated interior, modified for the needs of airport commuters. The AERO trains are in service in Moscow and St.Petersburg, serving the Domodedovo, Vnukovo, Sheremtyevo and Pulkovo airports, respectively. The modified door mechanisms of the AERO were used on all later ED4M trains.

ED4E

See also

 The Museum of the Moscow Railway, at Paveletsky Rail Terminal, Moscow
 Rizhsky Rail Terminal, Home of the Moscow Railway Museum
 Varshavsky Rail Terminal, St.Petersburg, Home of the Central Museum of Railway Transport, Russian Federation
 History of rail transport in Russia

References

External links
 ЭД4М на сайте Демиховского машиностроительного завода – Website of the Demikhovo Machine-building plant (Russian)
 История электропоездов серии ЭД4 (Russian)
 Презентация первого частного электропоезда повышенной комфортности ЭД4МКу-0151 (Russian)
 RZD ED4M @ Trainspo
 AEX ED4MKM-Aero @ Trainspo

Electric multiple units of Russia
Electric multiple units of Ukraine
Train-related introductions in 1997
3000 V DC multiple units