omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Otis Elevators Employees Union. The Otis Elevators Employees Union (OEEU) is a trade union of elevator installers and repairers at the Otis company's Indian subsidiary in Maharashtra state. OEEU was founded in 1961 and is affiliated with the Centre of Indian Trade Unions.

History
The OEEU was founded in 1961.

Throughout the 1980s, the Mumbai committee of OEEU had grown increasingly close with Otis management, until a group of militant young workers won the union elections in 1990.

In 1991, an increase in workplace accidents led to workers giving press interviews and forming an India-wide federation. In response, Otis stopped the payment of some wages and filed charges against workers.

In 1992, an Otis trainee died on the job due to orders to violate workplace safety protocols. OEEU organised protests in response, forcing the company to permanently take on 98 temporary workers and to stop their recruitment for permanent jobs. This had been a problem for several years at that point. In that year, Otis signed a bargaining agreement with rival union  Bharatiya Kamgar Sena (BKS), giving management free hand. On February 2, 1994, BKS members attacked protesting workers inside the factory, after which Otis locked out all workers not willing to accept the bargaining agreement until the end of 1994. During the lockout, Otis increasingly employed unskilled contract workers to service maintenance contracts, leading to several accidents, including a fatal one, in 1994. During this time, OEEU organised temporary workers and workers coming from Mumbai's outskirts.

In 1998, two Otis workers died on the job in separate incidents in Mumbai. This led  to a public discussion about the lack of safety training for contract workers at the company and an investigation by Lokhshahi Hakk Sanghatana, which demanded that company management should be prosecuted for their negligence. In another report from 2001, the organisation found that five Otis subcontractors had died on the job over the preceding two years.

References

Trade unions in India
Centre of Indian Trade Unions
Otis Worldwide
John C. Arrowsmith. John Caraway Arrowsmith (June 4, 1894 – June 1, 1985) was a Brigadier general in the United States Army Corps of Engineers, commanding the 45th Engineers in the China-Burma-India Theater of Operations during World War II.

Arrowsmith was commissioned a second lieutenant in 1918, promoted to first lieutenant in 1919, while stationed at Camp Fremont California. During the 1920s he was detailed to the 3rd Engineer Regiment, Schofield Barracks, Hawaii, the 2nd Cincinnati Engineer District, and the 13th Engineer Regiment, Camp Humphreys, VA. From 1930 to 1933 he was assigned to the San Francisco Engineer District, and promoted to captain in 1933. He was detailed to the Office of the Corps of Engineers in Washington, D.C. from April 1933 to July 1938, when he was assigned to the Missouri River Division, COE. He was promoted to major in 1940, and lieutenant colonel in 1942, when he was sent to Camp Blanding, Florida. as commander of the 45th Engineer General Service Regiment. In Nov. 1942 he went with these troops to India, where Arrowsmith was placed in command of Base Section 3 in Ledo, Assam, which was responsible for construction of the Ledo Road. Under Arrowsmith's command, the road reached the Patkai mountains and crossed into Burma. Stillwell, while recognizing the problems that diversion of roadbuilding assets to airfield construction had caused, was still unsatisfied with progress and began searching for a replacement.  Lewis A. Pick replaced him as Chief Road Engineer in October 1943, but retained command of the 45th Eng, GSR. While Arrowsmith received a temporary promotion in July 1943 to brigadier general, he reverted to colonel in Jan. 1944. In Feb. 1944 he was detailed to the XXI Corps as Corps Engineer at Camp Polk, La., later accompanying these troops into France and Germany.

From Sept. 1945 to Nov. 1947 he was assigned to the U.S. Office of Military Government for Germany. From Jan. 1948 to Oct. 1949 he was commanding officer of the Engineer Research and Development Laboratories at Fort Belvoir. In Nov. 1949 he received his last assignment as a Deputy Chief in the Army Security Agency. He retired from the military in May 1953 as a brigadier general.  He died in 1985 and is buried in Arlington National Cemetery with his wife Nell B. (1895–1986).

Decorations

References

External links
Generals of World War II

1894 births
1985 deaths
People from Reno, Nevada
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
United States Army personnel of World War I
United States Army generals of World War II
United States Army generals
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
CVX. CVX may refer to:

 Chevron Corporation (NYSE stock ticker: CVX)
 Charlevoix Municipal Airport (FAA airport code CVX)
 Critical Viscosity of Xenon experiment
 Christian Life Community
 Chinese VX (EA-6043), an organophosphate nerve agent of the V-series
 CVX-class aircraft carrier, South Korean aircraft carrier class in development

See also

Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carrier, codenamed CVNX in development
CVX Live, a YouTuber convention
CV (disambiguation)
CV10 (disambiguation)
Picotechnology. The term picotechnology is a portmanteau of picometre and technology, intended to parallel the term nanotechnology. It is a hypothetical future level of technological manipulation of matter, on the scale of trillionths of a metre or picoscale (10−12). This is three orders of magnitude smaller than a nanometre (and thus most nanotechnology) and two orders of magnitude smaller than most chemistry transformations and measurements. Picotechnology would involve the manipulation of matter at the atomic level. A further hypothetical development, femtotechnology, would involve working with matter at the subatomic level.

Applications
Picoscience is a term used by some futurists to refer to structuring of matter on a true picometre scale. Picotechnology was described as involving the alteration of the structure and chemical properties of individual atoms, typically through the manipulation of energy states of electrons within an atom to produce metastable (or otherwise stabilized) states with unusual properties, producing some form of exotic atom. Analogous transformations known to exist in the real world are redox chemistry, which can manipulate the oxidation states of atoms; excitation of electrons to metastable excited states as with lasers and some forms of saturable absorption; and the manipulation of the states of excited electrons in Rydberg atoms to encode information. However, none of these processes produces the types of exotic atoms described by futurists.

Alternatively, picotechnology is used by some researchers in nanotechnology to refer to the fabrication of structures where atoms and devices are positioned with sub-nanometre accuracy. This is important where interaction with a single atom or molecule is desired, because of the strength of the interaction between two atoms which are very close. For example, the force between an atom in an atomic force microscope probe tip and an atom in a sample being studied vary exponentially with separation distance, and is sensitive to changes in position on the order of 50 to 100 picometres (due to Pauli exclusion at short ranges and van der Waals forces at long ranges).

In popular culture
The Chinese science fiction novel The Three-Body Problem features a plot-point in which an advanced alien civilization imbues individual protons with supercomputing powers and subsequently manipulates said protons via quantum entanglement (the fictional name for these proton-sized supercomputers is "sophons").

See also
 Femtotechnology
 IBM in atoms, a 1989 demonstration by IBM of a technology capable of manipulating individual atoms
 Technological singularity
 "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom", a 1959 lecture by physicist Richard Feynman on the direct manipulation of individual atoms

References

External links
 Picotechnology at the Nanosciences group at CEMES , France.

Nanotechnology
BCM. BCM may refer to:

Automotive
Body Control Module, in automotive electronics

Business
Boots Contract Manufacturing, previously part of Alliance Boots
Bravo Company Manufacturing, an American firearms manufacturing company
Bus contracting model of Singapore, a bus industry contracting model introduced in Singapore by the Land Transport Authority
Business Capability Model, a model showing what an organization can do
Business Contact Manager, a Microsoft add-in product for Microsoft Outlook|Microsoft Office Outlook that adds CRM features
Business Continuity Management, an interdisciplinary peer mentoring methodology used to create a plan for recovery of a business after disaster or disruption
Broadcom Inc., designer, developer and global supplier of semiconductor products
Broadcom Corporation, subsidiary of Broadcom Inc.

Banks
Banque Centrale de Madagascar, a financial institution in Madagascar
Banque Centrale de Mauritanie, a financial institution in Mauritania
Banque Commerciale du Maroc, a financial institution in Morocco that is now the Attijariwafa Bank

Religion
Baptist Church of Mizoram
Baptist Collegiate Ministries, an entity of the Baptist Student Union at some American and Canadian colleges

Units of measure
Bank Cubic Metre (mining term), a cubic metre of rock or material in situ before it is extracted
Billion Cubic Microns per square inch, a unit used in printing that measures the amount of ink that an anilox roll delivers to a printing plate
Billion Cubic Metres, a unit of measure equivalent to 1 cubic kilometre, see also Orders of magnitude (one cubic kilometre to one cubic megametre)
Billion cubic metres of natural gas, one of the common measures used in the international energy trade

Science and medicine
Baylor College of Medicine, a private medical school in Houston, Texas, USA
BCM theory, a model of synaptic plasticity
Blue cone monochromacy, a rare form of color-blindness
British Chess Magazine, a magazine published in the United Kingdom
Bromochloromethane, a mixed halomethane

Other
 Bak chor mee, a Singaporean noodle dish
 Band Corporal Major, a warrant officer appointment in the bands of the British Household Cavalry
 BCM, the IATA airport code for Bacău International Airport
 Beijing Capital Museum, an art museum in Beijing, China
 Binary chemical munition, a weapon requiring two separate media to combine for activation
 Black Consciousness Movement, a political  movement in apartheid South Africa
 Black Catholic Messenger, African-American Catholic newspaper
T-12 Cloudmaker. The T-12 (also known as Cloudmaker) earthquake bomb was developed by the United States from 1944 to 1948 and deployed until the withdrawal of the Convair B-36 Peacemaker bomber aircraft in 1958. It was one of a small class of bombs designed to attack targets invulnerable to conventional "soft" bombs, such as bunkers and viaducts. It achieved this by having an extremely thick, hardened nose section designed to penetrate deeply into the earth before exploding and then damage the target by the resulting shock wave.

Development 
The T-12 was a further development of the concept initiated with the United Kingdom's Tallboy and Grand Slam weapons developed by British aeronautical engineer Barnes Wallis during the Second World War: a hardened, highly aerodynamic bomb of the greatest possible weight designed to be dropped from the highest possible altitude. Penetrating deeply in the earth before exploding, the resulting shock wave was transmitted through the earth into targets. The resulting underground cavity and ground motion could also undermine structures. The bomb could also be used against hardened targets. These types of bombs can reach supersonic speeds and have tail fins designed to spin the bomb for greater accuracy.

Originally designed to meet a  target weight (one half of the maximum payload for the  Convair B-36 "Peacemaker" bomber), with its hardened case was slightly less than . The final T-12 weighed . This was twice the size of the United States' previous largest bomb, the  M110 (T-14), the American-built version of the British Grand Slam. The T-12 was not a simple scale up of the M110, but incorporated modifications based on testing and calculations. The B-36 was redesigned so it could carry the T-12, although a converted B-29 Superfortress was used for testing.

See also
 Aviation Thermobaric Bomb of Increased Power
 BLU-82
 Bunker buster
 Grand Slam bomb
 Massive Ordnance Penetrator
 MOAB

References

External links

 "Big Bomb Tight Fit In B-29 Bomb Bays",  Popular Science, October 1951, p. 144. Photo showing T-12 being fitted to B-29 bomb bay
 "The USA's 30,000 Pound Bomb", Defense Industry Daily.  Article on the new Massive Ordnance Penetrator (MOP), has history of earlier systems.
 "The Extra-Super Blockbuster"  by Dr. William S. Coker. Air University Review, March-April 1967.

Anti-fortification weapons
Cold War aerial bombs of the United States
Thomas Binford. Thomas Oriel Binford has been a researcher in image analysis and computer vision since 1967. He developed a model-based approach to computer vision in which complex objects are represented as collections of generalized cylinders. His results are reflected in work in other areas of research, including the interpretation of complex scenes using invariants and quasi-invariants, inference rules and evidential reasoning in extended Bayes networks of symbolic geometric constraints, the SUCCESSOR system, a portable, intelligent vision system, stereo and visual robot navigation, segmentation and feature estimation in complex images, color image analysis, surface material analysis, and image compression. He has led the development of numerous computer vision systems, including systems successfully employed in brain surgery on humans, high-precision automated machining, and helicopter navigation.

Binford received a Ph.D. in particle physics in 1965 from the University of Wisconsin–Madison, under the supervision of Myron L. Good; his thesis was entitled "Angular Distribution and Polarization of Neutral Hyperons Produced in Association with Neutral Kaons". He was a Fulbright Scholar at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in Mumbai, India from 1965 to 1966, and a research scientist  at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory from 1966 to 1970.

From 1970 to 2000 he was a professor of computer science at Stanford University; in 2000 he retired to become an emeritus professor. While at Stanford, Professor Binford supervised more than 40 PhD theses while leading research in computer vision, artificial intelligence, medical image processing, radar image understanding, robotics, industrial inspection, and manufacturing; notable students of Binford's include Rodney Brooks and Jitendra Malik.

Since retiring from active research at Stanford, Binford has founded and is chairman and chief technology officer of Read-Ink Technologies Pvt. Ltd., a company in Bangalore, India specializing in online handwriting recognition software.  In 1994 Thomas Binford was elected a Fellow of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence "for his role as a founding father in the field of computer vision and model-based perception in robotics; and for his many contributions to the fields".

References

External links
Read-Ink Technologies

Living people
Computer vision researchers
University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
Stanford University School of Engineering faculty
American chief technology officers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Fellows of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
Blitzen (computer). The Blitzen was a miniaturized SIMD (single instruction, multiple data) computer system designed for NASA in the late 1980s by a team of researchers at Duke University, North Carolina State University and the Microelectronics Center of North Carolina. The Blitzen was composed of a control unit and a set of simple processors connected in a grid topology. The machine influenced, to some extent, the design of the MasPar MP-1 computer.

Applications of the Blitzen machine include high-speed image processing, where each processor operates on a pixel of the input image and communicates with its grid neighbours to apply image processing filters on the image.

References

Classes of computers
SIMD computing
Hannover Principles. The Hannover Principles is a set of statements about designing buildings and objects with forethought about their environmental impact, their effect on the sustainability of growth, and their overall impact on society.  They were first formulated by William McDonough and Michael Braungart for planning Expo 2000 in Hanover and are presented in a copyrighted 1992 document.

The principles are:
Insist on the right of humanity and nature to co-exist in a healthy, supportive, diverse and sustainable condition.
Recognize interdependence.
Respect relationships between spirit and matter.
Accept responsibility for the consequences of design decisions upon human well-being, the viability of natural systems and their right to co-exist.
Create safe objects of long-term value.
Eliminate the concept of waste.
Rely on natural energy flows.
Understand the limitations of design.
Seek constant improvement by the sharing of knowledge.

References

External links
 The Hannover Principles
 The Hannover Principles, Design for Sustainability, Prepared for EXPO 2000 The World’s Fair Hannover, Germany

1992 documents
Sustainable design
Expo 2000
Pencil case. A pencil case or pencil box is a container used to store pencils. A pencil case can also contain a variety of other stationery such as sharpeners, pens, glue sticks, erasers, scissors, and rulers.

Pencil cases can be made from a variety of materials such as wood or metal. Some pencil cases have a hard and rigid shell encasing the pens inside, while others use a softer material such as plastic, leather or cotton. Soft versions are typically fastened with a zipper. 

Early pencil cases were round or cylindrical in shape. Some early pencil cases were decorated with jasper (one from 1860) or platinum (from 1874).

The first recorded instance of a Pencil case being used was in Congress in 1858 by Augustus C. Dodge.

See also

 Pencils
 School
 Pencil sharpeners
 Marker pens
 Pens
 Suzuri-bako (Japanese writing box)
 Eraser

References

Containers
Stationery
George Arnold Escher. George Arnold Escher (10 May 1843 – 14 June 1939) was a Dutch civil engineer and a foreign advisor to the Japanese government during the Meiji period.

He was the father of the graphic artist M. C. Escher and the geologist Berend George Escher.

Career
Escher was hired by the Japanese government as a foreign advisor from September 1873 to July 1878, along with fellow Dutch civil engineers Johannis de Rijke and Cornelis Johannes van Doorn. During his stay in Japan, he designed and supervised the restoration of the Yodo river (Osaka), and built a harbour in Mikuni in Fukui prefecture.

Escher also collaborated on works in China with Johannis de Rijke, including works related to the sandbank at the mouth of the Huangpu Jiang. This tributary of the Yangtze River plays a crucial role in Shanghai's international trade. Escher accompanied de Rijke on an exploratory visit to Shanghai and compiled a report that garnered considerable attention, though it did not culminate in immediate implementation.

After returning to the Netherlands, he worked in Maastricht. During this time, he recorded in his diary his difficulty as a Protestant in finding a suitable marriage partner in Roman Catholic Maastricht who would also be able to satisfy his equation v = 1/2m + 10, where v was the age of the woman, and m the age of the husband.  In 1882, Escher married Charlotte Marie Hartitzsch, with whom he had two sons.  He became a widower in 1885, and in 1892 married Sara Gleichman, with whom he had three more sons. Escher worked as a hydraulic engineer in Leeuwarden. In 1903 the family moved to Arnhem.

Notes

References
 Kamibayashi, Yoshiyuki.   "Two Dutch Engineers and Improvements of Public Works in Japan,"  Proceedings of the Third International Congress on Construction History, Cottbus, May 2009.
 Louman, Johannes Petrus Antonius. (2007).  Fries waterstaatsbestuur: een geschiedenis van de waterbeheersing in Friesland vanaf het midden van de achttiende eeuw tot omstreeks 1970. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press.  OCLC 150391614

External links
 
  御雇オランダ人工師エッセルの「阪井港修築建議」の現代文訳

Further reading

1843 births
1939 deaths
Dutch civil engineers
Foreign advisors to the government in Meiji-era Japan
Dutch expatriates in Japan
People from Leeuwarden
VDM. VDM may refer to:

 VDM Metals, a producer of nickel alloys and stainless steels
 formerly known as Vereinigte Deutsche Metallwerke, a manufacturer of aircraft propeller systems
 VDM Publishing, a publishing group specializing in publishing German, French and English theses and dissertations
 Van der Moolen N.V., a Dutch trading company
 Verbi dei minister, an informal designation as a Christian minister
 Vienna Development Method, a formal software development method
 Value driven maintenance, industrial maintenance management methodology.
 Virtual DOS machine
 Vulnerability Discovery Model, used to estimate future vulnerability discovery process/trend
OGRE. Object-Oriented Graphics Rendering Engine (OGRE) is a scene-oriented, real-time, open-source, 3D rendering engine.

Ogre has been ported to Windows, macOS, Linux, PocketPC, Xbox, and PS3.

Since 2019, Ogre consists of two forks developed separately, namely Ogre (also called Ogre1), which is based on the original 1.x codebase and Ogre Next (also called Ogre2), which is based on the 2.x development efforts.

Games and applications 
 Earth Eternal
 Gazebo simulator and Ignition Gazebo
 Hob
 Kenshi
 OpenMW (until v0.37.0)
 Rebel Galaxy
 Rebel Galaxy Outlaw
 Rigs of Rods
 Roblox (2009 - 2014)
 Running with Rifles
 Scrap Mechanic (until 2016)
 Shadows: Heretic Kingdoms
 TROUBLESHOOTER: Abandoned Children
 Torchlight & Torchlight II
 Walaber's Trampoline
 World of Battles: Morningstar (2009-2012)
 Vector Thrust
 Zombie Driver

References

External links

 
 

2005 software
3D scenegraph APIs
Free 3D graphics software
Free software programmed in C++
Video game development software