omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Zippeite. Zippeite is a hydrous potassium uranium sulfate mineral with formula: K4(UO2)6(SO4)3(OH)10·4(H2O). It forms yellow to reddish brown monoclinic-prismatic crystals with perfect cleavage. The typical form is as encrustations and pulverulent earthy masses. It forms as efflorescent encrustations in underground uranium mines. It has a Mohs hardness of 2 and a specific gravity of 3.66. It is strongly fluorescent yellow under ultraviolet light and is moderately radioactive.

Historical usage
A mineral which caught the attention of a Bohemian metallurgist, Adolf Patera, in the 1850s by its striking colour. It was named after the Austrian mineralogist Franz Xaver Maximilian Zippe (1791–1863). This was during the period when the fame of the Jachymov silver mines was dying out. On top of the large, forgotten pit-heaps, powdery minerals began to appear, vividly coloured, originating from the decomposition of the pitchblende. These colourful layers, in which zippeite was in the majority, gave Patera the idea of utilizing the uranium minerals in the manufacture of paints. Mining began in 1859 not only for the products which resulted from uraninite's decomposition, but for uraninite itself. A variety of yellow paints were manufactured because among all the secondary minerals on the pit-heap there was a prevalence of the yellow powdery coatings.

Zippeite is one of the so-called 'uranium ochres'. It occurs in association with uranopilite, a monoclinic, complex water-soluble alkaline with other secondary uranium minerals in the weathered veins of uranium. Apart from Jachymov in Bohemia it occurs mainly near Wölsendorf in Bavaria (Germany) and also in the US states of Utah and New Mexico. Zippeite is no longer used for the manufacture of paints, but is still used as a source of depleted uranium.

See also
 List of minerals
 List of minerals named after people

Notes

References
 Palache, C., H. Berman, and C. Frondel (1951) Dana’s System of Mineralogy, (7th edition), v. II, 598–599.

Uranium minerals
Mineral galleries

Potassium minerals
Sulfate minerals
Uranium(VI) minerals
Monoclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 3
Lincoln Electric. 

Lincoln Electric Holdings, Inc. is an American multinational and global manufacturer of welding products, arc welding equipment, welding accessories, plasma and oxy-fuel cutting equipment and robotic welding systems headquartered in Euclid, Ohio. It has a network of distributors and sales offices covering more than 160 countries and 42 manufacturing locations in North America, Europe, the Middle East, Asia and Latin America. It also operates manufacturing alliances and joint ventures in 19 countries. It is a member of the Fortune 1000.

History 
The company was founded in 1895 by John C. Lincoln with an investment of $200 to make electric motors he had designed. 

The company is headquartered in Euclid, Ohio, and has 44 manufacturing locations, including operations and joint ventures in 19 countries and an international network of distributors and sales offices covering more than 160 countries.

Lincoln has over 8,500 employees globally, including 3,000 in the United States. In 2005, Lincoln's Electric acquired the Harris Products Group, which is a manufacturer of welding accessories, gas apparatus, and other specialty products. The Harris Products Group has manufacturing facilities in Georgia, Ohio, California, Poland, Mexico, Brazil and Italy.

In 2019, Lincoln announced the acquisition of Worthington Industries, Inc. a metal manufacturing company.

In December 2023, Lincoln Electric unveiled the Velion DC fast electric vehicle charging station. A display unit was shown at CES 2024 and featured NACS and CCS1 charging plugs, along with a touchscreen user interface developed using Qt.

Lincoln Institute of Land Policy 
The Lincoln Institute of Land Policy was established by Lincoln Electric's founder, John C. Lincoln, in 1946, based on his admiration for the work of Henry George. Today, the think tank still focuses on promoting "creative approaches to land as a solution to economic, social, and environmental challenges."

Lincoln Welding School 
The Lincoln Electric Welding School was set up in 1917 and has since instructed over 150,000 men and women in the various methods and techniques of safety and arc welding processes. The school is listed by the Ohio State Board of School and College Registration.

References

Further reading

External links
 

American companies established in 1895
Euclid, Ohio
Manufacturing companies established in 1895
1895 establishments in Ohio
Manufacturing companies based in Cleveland
Companies listed on the Nasdaq
Electric motor manufacturers
Companies in the S&P 400
American brands
USS Burns (DD-171). USS Burns (DD-171) was a  built for the United States Navy during World War I.

Description
The Wickes class was an improved and faster version of the preceding . Two different designs were prepared to the same specification that mainly differed in the turbines and boilers used. The ships built to the Bethlehem Steel design, built in the Fore River and Union Iron Works shipyards, mostly used Yarrow boilers that deteriorated badly during service and were mostly scrapped during the 1930s. The ships displaced  at standard load and  at deep load. They had an overall length of , a beam of  and a draught of . They had a crew of 6 officers and 108 enlisted men.

Performance differed radically between the ships of the class, often due to poor workmanship. The Wickes class was powered by two steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by four water-tube boilers. The turbines were designed to produce a total of  intended to reach a speed of . The ships carried  of fuel oil which was intended gave them a range of  at .

The ships were armed with four 4-inch (102 mm) guns in single mounts and were fitted with two 1-pounder guns for anti-aircraft defense. Their primary weapon, though, was their torpedo battery of a dozen 21 inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes in four triple mounts. In many ships a shortage of 1-pounders caused them to be replaced by 3-inch (76 mm) anti-aircraft (AA) guns. They also carried a pair of depth charge rails. A "Y-gun" depth charge thrower was added to many ships.

Construction and career
Burns, named for Otway Burns, was launched 4 July 1918 by Union Iron Works, San Francisco, California; sponsored by Miss Alice H. Palmer, and commissioned 7 August 1919.

Burns was attached to Destroyer Force, Pacific, until March 1920 when she was ordered to special duty as a tender for NC Seaplane Division. On 15 March 1921 she was reclassified DM-11 and on 5 May she was assigned to the Mine Force, Pacific. She was at Mare Island Navy Yard 11 July undergoing conversion and overhaul when her home yard was changed and she departed for Naval Station Pearl Harbor, where she completed the yard period. Thereafter, attached to Mine Squadron 2 Pacific Fleet, she served throughout her active service in the vicinity of the Hawaiian Islands except for periodic concentrations of the Fleet in other areas for maneuvers and Fleet problems.

In 1925 she joined the Fleet for a tour of Australia and New Zealand. In the summers of 1926, 1927, and 1928 she conducted training cruises for Naval Reservists. In 1927 Burns returned to San Diego with her squadron for inspection, training, and recreation. Returning to Pearl Harbor, she participated in mining and gunnery practice, and acted as a high-speed target for submarines in Hawaiian waters until November 1929. Arriving at San Diego 26 November, Burns was decommissioned 2 June 1930. On 11 June she was towed to Mare Island Navy Yard where she was used as a barracks ship. She was later scrapped and her material sold 22 April 1932.

Notes

References

External links
 

Wickes-class destroyers
Ships built in San Francisco
1918 ships
Wickes-class destroyer minelayers
Drill (disambiguation). A drill is a tool or machine for cutting holes in a material.

Drill may also refer to:

Animals
 Drill (animal), a type of African primate
 Oyster drill, a type of snail

Military
 Military exercise
 Foot drill, the movements performed on a military parade
 Former name of the United States Army Reserve's Battle Assembly
 Exhibition drill, a form of complex military drill
 Drill commands
 When applied as an adjective, a practice version of something, e.g., drill round

Music
 Drill music, a subgenre of trap music

Performers
 Drill (American band), an alternative rock band
 Drill (British band), an industrial rock band from England 
 The Drill (British band), a punk rock band from England
 The Drill (band), an electro house band

Recordings
 Drill (album), a 1996 album by the band of the same name
 Drill (EP), a 1992 EP by Radiohead
 The Drill (album), a 1991 album by Wire
 Drill, a 1996 album by Noise Unit
 "Drill", a 2021 song by G Herbo from the album 25

Safety exercises
 Fire drill
 Tornado drill
 Lockdown drill

Technology
 Bow drill, a fire-making tool
 Drill (agriculture), an agricultural tool
 Drill (fabric), a type of cotton fabric
 Data drilling, navigation through levels of a hierarchy in data analysis
 Apache Drill, a distributed query engine

Other uses
 Drill, Virginia, a community in the United States
 Dan Drill, University of Minnesota student charged with a violent rape
 Lew Drill (1877–1969), American baseball player, baseball manager, and lawyer

See also
 Drilling (disambiguation)
 DRIL (disambiguation)
 Bore (disambiguation)
Black match. In pyrotechnics, black match is a type of crude fuse, constructed of cotton string fibers intimately coated with a dried black powder slurry.

When black match is confined in a paper tube, called quick match or piped match, the flame front propagates much more quickly, many feet per second.

Quick match is often used in model rockets in the United Kingdom to ignite multiple engines/motors; it is however largely unavailable in the USA due to ambiguous explosives laws.

See also 
 Slow match
 Punk (fireworks)

Pyrotechnic initiators
Pyrotechnics
MKM steel. MKM steel, an alloy containing nickel and aluminum, was developed in 1931 by metallurgist Tokushichi Mishima (三島徳七). While conducting research into the properties of nickel, Mishima discovered that a strongly magnetic steel could be created by adding aluminum to non-magnetic nickel steel.

Characteristics
The developers claim MKM steel is tough and durable, inexpensive to produce, maintains strong magnetism when miniaturized and can produce a stable magnetic force in spite of temperature changes or vibration.  MKM steel is similar to Alnico.

Acronym
MKM is an acronym for Mishima Kizumi Magnetic, 'Kizumi (喜住)' being the inventor's childhood surname.

References

Steels
Magnetic alloys
Ferromagnetic materials
1931 introductions
Aluminium alloys
Japanese inventions
USS Anthony (DD-172). USS Anthony (DD-172) was a  built for the United States Navy during World War I.

Description
The Wickes class was an improved and faster version of the preceding . Two different designs were prepared to the same specification that mainly differed in the turbines and boilers used. The ships built to the Bethlehem Steel design, built in the Fore River and Union Iron Works shipyards, mostly used Yarrow boilers that deteriorated badly during service and were mostly scrapped during the 1930s. The ships displaced  at standard load and  at deep load. They had an overall length of , a beam of  and a draught of . They had a crew of 6 officers and 108 enlisted men.

Performance differed radically between the ships of the class, often due to poor workmanship. The Wickes class was powered by two steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by four water-tube boilers. The turbines were designed to produce a total of  intended to reach a speed of . The ships carried  of fuel oil which was intended gave them a range of  at .

The ships were armed with four 4-inch (102 mm) guns in single mounts and were fitted with two 1-pounder guns for anti-aircraft defense. Their primary weapon, though, was their torpedo battery of a dozen 21 inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes in four triple mounts. In many ships a shortage of 1-pounders caused them to be replaced by 3-inch (76 mm) anti-aircraft (AA) guns. They also carried a pair of depth charge rails. A "Y-gun" depth charge thrower was added to many ships.

Construction and career
Anthony, named for Marine Sergeant Major William Anthony, was launched 10 August 1918 by Union Iron Works, San Francisco, California; sponsored by Miss Grace Heathcote; commissioned 19 June 1919 Commander D. A. Scott in command; and reported to Destroyer Division Pacific. Anthony operated on the west coast between San Diego and Bremerton, Washington, until June 1921. She sailed on 8 September 1919 from San Francisco to Port Angeles, Washington, to attend the ceremonies of the newly organized Pacific Fleet. Anthony visited Victoria, British Columbia, 11 September and returned Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels to Bremerton on 12 September. On 13 September she passed review, with other units of the fleet, before President Woodrow Wilson in Oregon (BB-3) and, on 14 September before the Secretary of the Navy.

On 16 November 1920 Anthony was designated a light minelayer, DM-12. In October 1921 she joined Mine Division 1, Mine Squadron 2 and operated in the Pearl Harbor area until placed out of commission on 30 June 1922 at Pearl Harbor. She was towed to San Diego in 1937, used as a target, and sunk off the California coast on 22 July 1937.

Notes

References

External links

 history.navy.mil: USS Anthony 
 NavSource Photos

Anthony (DD-172)
Maritime incidents in 1937
Ships sunk as targets
Shipwrecks of the California coast
Ships built in San Francisco
1918 ships
Wickes-class destroyer minelayers
Cyanotrichite. Cyanotrichite is a hydrous copper aluminium sulfate mineral with formula Cu4Al2[(OH)12|SO4]·2H2O, also known as lettsomite. Cyanotrichite forms velvety radial acicular crystal aggregates of extremely fine fibers. It crystallizes in the monoclinic system and forms translucent bright blue acicular crystal clusters or drusey coatings. The Mohs hardness is 2 and the specific gravity ranges from 2.74 to 2.95. Refractive indices are nα = 1.588 nβ = 1.617 nγ = 1.655.

Occurrence and discovery
It is an oxidation product of primary copper mineralization in a weathering environment with abundant aluminium and sulfate. Associated minerals include brochantite, spangolite, chalcophyllite, olivenite, tyrolite, parnauite, azurite and malachite.

The main deposits are Cap la Garrone in the Var (France), Romania and Arizona (US). 

It was first described in 1839 from Moldova Nouă, Banat, Romania. The name is from Greek kyaneos for "blue" and triches for "hair" referring to the typical color and habit.  Its earlier name, Lettsomite, is taken from the name of William Garrow Lettsom (1805–1887), co-author of the 1858 Manual of the Mineralogy of Great Britain and Ireland.

References

 Palache, C., H. Berman, and C. Frondel (1951) Dana’s System of Mineralogy, (7th edition), v. II, p. 578–579. PDF file
Mineral galleries

Copper(II) minerals
Aluminium minerals
Sulfate minerals
Monoclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 12
Valentinite. Valentinite is an antimony oxide mineral with formula Sb2O3. Valentinite crystallizes in the orthorhombic system and typically forms as radiating clusters of euhedral crystals or as fibrous masses. It is colorless to white with occasional shades or tints of yellow and red. It has a Mohs hardness of 2.5 to 3 and a specific gravity of 5.76.  Valentinite occurs as a weathering product of stibnite and other antimony minerals. It is dimorphous with the isometric antimony oxide senarmontite.

Historical data
Valentinite is a mineral named in the middle of the 19th century in honour of Basilius Valentinus, a writer on alchemy. He is the supposed author of the first book to give a detailed description of antimony and its compounds. From the contents of the book it is also obvious that Valentinus was familiar with the synthetic preparation of antimony trioxide, which was called 'the antimony flower'.

Valentinite was first described in 1845 for an occurrence in the Les Chalanches Mine, Allemond, Isère, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, France. The first description of its occurrence in the region of Příbram in Bohemia comes roughly from the same time. This particular locality at one time produced the very best crystals of this mineral. The largest crystals found there measured up to 3 cm. Grouped in rich druses, they developed in vein cavities with galena.

Occurrence

Valentinite is a weathering product of hydrothermal antimony-bearing veins, where it forms as a secondary mineral through oxidation in the upper parts of the deposits. It occurs associated with stibnite, native antimony, stibiconite, cervantite, kermesite and tetrahedrite.

A rich deposit of valentinite has been found in the Constantine province of Algeria. This is the only deposit where it is mined as an ore, with 83% antimony. In all other locations it occurs in negligible quantities.

See also
List of minerals
List of minerals named after people

References

Antimony minerals
Oxide minerals
Orthorhombic minerals
Minerals in space group 56
USS O'Bannon (DD-177). USS O'Bannon (DD-177) was a  built for the United States Navy during World War I.

Description
The Wickes class was an improved and faster version of the preceding . Two different designs were prepared to the same specification that mainly differed in the turbines and boilers used. The ships built to the Bethlehem Steel design, built in the Fore River and Union Iron Works shipyards, mostly used Yarrow boilers that deteriorated badly during service and were mostly scrapped during the 1930s. The ships displaced  at standard load and  at deep load. They had an overall length of , a beam of  and a draught of . They had a crew of 6 officers and 108 enlisted men.

Performance differed radically between the ships of the class, often due to poor workmanship. The Wickes class was powered by two steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by four water-tube boilers. The turbines were designed to produce a total of  intended to reach a speed of . The ships carried  of fuel oil which was intended gave them a range of  at .

The ships were armed with four 4-inch (102 mm) guns in single mounts and were fitted with two  1-pounder guns for anti-aircraft defense. Their primary weapon, though, was their torpedo battery of a dozen 21 inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes in four triple mounts. In many ships a shortage of 1-pounders caused them to be replaced by 3-inch (76 mm) anti-aircraft (AA) guns. They also carried a pair of depth charge rails. A "Y-gun" depth charge thrower was added to many ships.

Construction and career
O'Bannon, named for Presley O'Bannon, was laid down by Union Iron Works, San Francisco, California, 12 November 1918, launched 28 February 1919, sponsored by Mrs. Henry O'Bannon Cooper descendant by marriage of Lt. O'Bannon, and commissioned at San Francisco 27 August 1919. O'Bannon sailed out of San Diego for exercises and training maneuvers along the coast of California and in Hawaiian waters throughout her career. In the spring of 1920 she conducted experiments with torpedoes, and then was in reserve commission from June to November, when she resumed her training schedule. She decommissioned at San Diego 27 May 1922, was struck from the Navy List 19 May 1936, and was sold 29 September 1936.

Notes

References

External links
 NavSource Photos

Wickes-class destroyers
Ships built in San Francisco
1919 ships
Wavin. Wavin B.V. is a global manufacturer of plastic pipes, mainly for drainage and water supply purposes. The company was officially founded in the Netherlands on 5 August 1955, its name deriving from water and vinyl chloride. The company provides plastic pipe systems and products for tap water, surface heating and cooling, soil and waste, rain water, distribution of drinking water and gas and telecom applications.

The company is headquartered in Schiphol, Netherlands and operates in 25 European countries. 

Due to the common use of Wavin products, the name has become genericised in some parts of Ireland to refer to any manufacturer of orange-coloured drainpipes. The company operates in three locations in Ireland, with the main manufacturing and distribution plant in Balbriggan, North County Dublin, and additional offices in Lisburn and Cork 
.

Wavin's own Technology and Innovation Centre (Wavin T&I), employs more than 50 people to develop new products and systems with local Wavin companies. Products for the European market include the smartFIX push-fit fitting, the Sentio heating and cooling controls, Tegra manholes and inspection chambers and the SiTech+ low noise in-house soil and waste drainage system.
In 2012, Wavin was acquired by Orbia (previously Mexichem), a Mexican international company, expanding Mexichem's operations in 22 European countries.

References 

Companies based in Overijssel
Manufacturing companies of the Netherlands
Manufacturing companies established in 1955
Dutch brands
Dutch companies established in 1955
Zwolle
Gunnar Fant. Carl Gunnar Michael Fant (October 8, 1919 – June 6, 2009) was a leading researcher in speech science in general and speech synthesis in particular who spent most of his career as a professor at the Swedish Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) in Stockholm. He was a first cousin of the actors and directors George Fant and Kenne Fant.

Gunnar Fant received a Master of Science in Electrical Engineering from KTH in 1945. He specialized in the acoustics of the human voice, measuring formant values, and continued to work in this area at Ericsson and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He also took the initiative of creating a speech communication department at KTH, unusual at the time.

Fant's work led to the birth of a new era of speech synthesis with the introduction of powerful and configurable formant synthesizers. In 1960 he published the source-filter model of speech production, which became widely used. In the 1960s, Gunnar Fant's Orator Verbis Electris (OVE) competed with Walter Lawrence's Parametric Artificial Talker (PAT) in creating lifelike speech synthesis.

In later years, Gunnar Fant remained active in the area of speech synthesis, focusing mainly on research on prosody.

Fant received honorary doctorates from the Grenoble University (1978) and from Stockholm University (1988), and several other awards. In 1989, he was the inaugural recipient Scientific Achievement Medal of the International Speech Communication Association.  He also received the Swedish Academy Margit Påhlson award, and the IEEE James L. Flanagan Speech and Audio Processing Award (2003). He was a member
of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences.

Bibliography
 Gunnar Fant (1970) Acoustic Theory of Speech Production. Mouton De Gruyter. 
 Gunnar Fant (2006) Speech Acoustics and Phonetics: Selected Writings. Springer. 
 Roman Jakobson, C. Gunnar M. Fant, and Morris Halle (1961) Preliminaries to Speech Analysis: The Distinctive Features and Their Correlates. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.

References

Sources
 Dennis H. Klatt (1987). "Review of text-to-speech conversion for English". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 82, No. 3, September 1987, pp. 737–793.

External links
Audio clips from Dennis Klatt's "Review of text-to-speech conversion for English"

1919 births
2009 deaths
Academic staff of the KTH Royal Institute of Technology
Swedish scientists
20th-century Swedish engineers
Speech perception researchers
Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences
Phoneticians