Theauthorsofthispaperhavedocumentedthedesignprocessofcertainconfigurationsofratchet-pawlmechanismtointegrateintoafullbodyexoskeletonwithjointsinsuchawaythattheexoskeletonbecomesasortoflockfortheuser’sbodyandcannotbealtered/movedwithouttheuser’scontrolwhileallowingmaximumdegreeoffreedomwhileallowingscopeforfurtherinnovations.Libertiesindimensions,constraintsanddesignprocesshavebeentakentocreatenontotalitariansolutionsforcertaintypesofbodyjointsandhavebeenkeptonlyfordesignandworkings.Tothebestofourknowledgenosuchintegrationofratchet-pawlmechanisminto mechanicalwearablerigidfullbodyexoskeletoninthiscertainconfigurationhavebeenachievedbefore. KeywordsRatchet,Pawl,Exoskeleton,Mechanical,Design. BackgroundTheratchetingsocketwrench,withinterchangeablesockets,wasinventedbyanAmerican,J.J.Richardson,ofWoodstock,Vermont.ThetoolwaspatentedthroughtheScientificAmericanPatentAgencyonJune16,1863.Thefirstillustrationofthetoolappearsonp.248oftheApril16,1864issueofScientificAmerican.[1]RigidexoskeletonscanbedatedbacktoAncientSumer[2][3],oneofthecradles of civilization, and oldest western armours were panoply and later chainmail by design.[4] Design process Humanbodyconsistsofdifferentfreelymovablejointswhichhavebeencategorizedin6different types, namely -1.hinge (the knee and elbow joints),2.pivot (the joints between vertebrates),3.gliding (the wrist joints),4.saddle (the joint at the base of the thumb),5.ball and socket (hip joint or shoulder joint) and6.condyloid (the jaw or finger joints).The researchers have designed 3 separate configurations for the end goal to be achieved. A.Hinge configuration Fig.1 Thisconfiguration(illustratedinFigure1)consistsof5differentparts,basemetalencasingforthelowerpartofthefinger(any),themovablemetalencasinghavingratchetwheelattachedtoit,theringkeptinsidethesecondpart,thewireandthepawlattachedtothesideofthebasemetalencasing.Thisconfigurationworkswhenuserintendedmotiongetstranslatedbytheringandwire tothepawltoprevent/allowmovementinoneoranotherdirectionthusallowingonlytoandfromovement. B.Rotary Configuration Fig.2 Thisconfiguration(illustratedinFigure2)consistsof5structures,basecylindricalpart,movablepartwithratchetteeth,pawl,twowiresandtheringaccompaniedbygear.Theringtranslatesusersmovementthroughgearandthewirestothepawlwhichprevents/allowsthemotionofmovablepart.Thisconfigurationhasbeendesignedtobeusedinbetweenthewristandtheelbowandlikewise. C.Universal Configuration Fig. 3 & 4Inthisconfiguration,twoseparatedesignshavebeenmade(illustratedinfigure3and4).Thefirstdesignconsistsoftwoabove-mentionedhingeconfigurationwithoneonthesameplanewhiletheotherrotated90degreesalongtheaxisi.ethebodypart.Theseconddesignisamodifieduniversaljointtoallowtheuser'sbodyparttopassthroughthem.Bothdesignshavearatchetwheelatthejoint and pawl with ring and wires attached to translate the intended movement to the pawl.Theseconfigurationsaredesignedtobeintegratedintotheexoskeletonatcertainpositionsthathave been depicted in figure 5 below (1 - Hinge, 2 - Universal and 3 - Rotary). Fig. 5Hingeconfigurationhavebeenusedaroundjointssuchasfinger,elbow,knee,neck(lower),shoulder(infirstdesignofuniversalconfiguration),knuckles,stomach/back.Likewiserotaryconfigurationhasbeenusedbetweenjointssuchasbetweenwristandelbow,betweenelbowandshoulder,betweenhipandkneeandbetweenkneeandankle.Theuniversalconfigurationhasbeendesignedforallowingmoredegreeoffreedomthantheothertwoorthecombinationofboth,suchaswhenrequiredontheupperneckjoint,hasbeenusedaroundjointssuchaswrist,shoulder,neck(upper),hipandankle.Theencasingscanalsobedesignedwith45degreeextrusionfromfrontandbehindifnecessary for maximum covering or extra parts can be implemented to cover. Conclusion Thisgoaldemandsasetofnon-totalitarianmechanismsforcomplextypesofjointsofthehumanbodyandhasbeensimplifiedto3allowingfurtherinnovationsandscopetomechatronicssystemstobebuiltontoit.Asadownside,thesystemhasabacklashandadelaybetweenmovementoftheenclosedbodypartandthemechanism'smovement(thespacebetweenringsandencasings)whileallowingtheindividualtoloosengriptoacertainextentasallotherexoskeletonsystems.Cablesmusthaveastretch(toanextent)andmustcometothejointbetweenbothencasingsasitthedistancefromthecablestonottobestretchedandcauseunintentionalmovementofthepawl.Whilethiskindofmechanicalstructurehasproblemssuchashighcostofmanufacturingandverylimiteduseonitsowninthepresentindustrialworld,italsooffersaninnovativedesignovercenturies old mechanical structures while still having scope to be developed into full body exosuit. AcknowledgmentsDassaultSystemesCatiaV5havebeenusedtodesignthefiguresinthispaperbythemainresearcher.