omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
GQM. GQM, the initialism for goal, question, metric, is an established goal-oriented approach to software metrics to improve and measure software quality.

History 
GQM has been promoted by Victor Basili of the University of Maryland, College Park and the Software Engineering Laboratory at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center after supervising a Ph.D. thesis by Dr. David M. Weiss. Dr. Weiss' work was inspired by the work of Albert Endres at IBM Germany.

Method 
GQM defines a measurement model on three levels:
 1. Conceptual level (Goal) A goal is defined for an object, for a variety of reasons, with respect to various models of quality, from various points of view and relative to a particular environment.
 2. Operational level (Question) A set of questions is used to define models of the object of study and then focuses on that object to characterize the assessment or achievement of a specific goal.
 3. Quantitative level (Metric) A set of metrics, based on the models, is associated with every question in order to answer it in a measurable way.

GQM stepwise 
Another interpretation of the procedure is:

 Planning
 Definition
 Data collection
 Interpretation

Sub-steps 
Sub-steps are needed for each phases. To complete the definition phase, an eleven-step procedure is proposed:

 Define measurement goals
 Review or produce software process models
 Conduct GQM interviews
 Define questions and hypotheses
 Review questions and hypotheses
 Define metrics
 Check metrics on consistency and completeness
 Produce GQM plan
 Produce measurement plan
 Produce analysis plan
 Review plans

Recent developments

The GQM+Strategies approach was developed by Victor Basili and a group of researchers from the Fraunhofer Society. It is based on the Goal Question Metric paradigm and adds the capability to create measurement programs that ensure alignment between business goals and strategies, software-specific goals, and measurement goals.

Novel application of GQM towards business data are described. Specifically in the software engineering areas of Quality assurance and Testing, GQM is used.

Further reading
 Victor R. Basili's contributions to software quality (IEEE Software, 2006)
Solingen/Berghout: The Goal/Question/Metric Method: A Practical Guide for Quality Improvement of Software Development (PDF, 2015)

See also 
 Software quality

References

Software metrics
Software quality
LORA (missile). LORA (LOng Range Artillery) is a theater quasi-ballistic missile developed by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI).

Development 
LORA  began development in 2002. The missile has a range of  and a CEP of  when using a combination of GPS and TV for terminal guidance. It can be ship-launched from inside of a standard Intermodal container.  An air-launched variant called Air LORA was unveiled in June 2024.

On 11 June 2018, Azerbaijan revealed it had purchased the LORA system from Israel at an undisclosed date following president Ilham Aliyev's visit to an Azerbaijani Land Forces missile unit housing both the LORA and the Polonez. LORA was used in the final days of the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war, being used to target a vital bridge in the Lachin corridor linking Armenia to the Nagorno-Karabakh region. It was initially thought to have destroyed the bridge, but later evidence suggested it had only inflicted limited damage.

During Aero India in June 2023, India's Bharat Electronics signed a memorandum of understanding with IAI to produce the LORA in India under license.

Current operators

References

External links

LORA brochure on IAI website
LORA on IAI website

LORA on defense-update website
LORA on Deagel website

LORA
LORA 
LORA
LORA
LORA
Robert Thelen. (corresponding article on Robert Thelen is at German Wikipedia -->deutsch)

Robert Thelen (23 March 1884, Nürnberg – 23 February 1968, Berlin) was a German aviation pioneer and designer.

He was a chief designer of Albatros Flugzeugwerke, responsible among other for Albatros C.I design.

He was the first person to give flying lessons to Melli Beese, the first female German pilot.

References

External links
EarlyAviators.com

1884 births
1968 deaths
Aircraft designers
German aerospace engineers
Engineers from Nuremberg
T/Maker. T/Maker (Table Maker) was one of the first spreadsheet programs designed for the personal computer user and released by Peter Roizen in 1979. The application ran on CP/M, TRSDOS, and later on MS-DOS computers. T/Maker was originally distributed by Lifeboat Associates of New York.

T/Maker took a different approach to most other spreadsheets: instead of embedding formulas in each cell, formulas were defined on a per-row and per-column basis in the margins.

Although T/Maker was released six months after VisiCalc, it was perhaps the first application to provide an 'office' suite approach to data. Tables could be used in databases or spreadsheets and were accessible in 'word' type documents.

T/Maker Company

The T/Maker Company was an early personal computer software company, formed in 1983 in order to market CP/M and MS-DOS programs that had originally been published by 3rd party publishing houses. They expanded into the Apple Macintosh market, releasing the ClickArt line of clip art. Other products included WriteNow on the Mac and NeXT platforms.

In 1983 T/Maker Company was incorporated in Mountain View, California by Heidi Roizen – Peter's sister and a then-recent Stanford University Graduate School of Business graduate – who became its CEO.

T/Maker Company went on to publish its own line of integrated applications, and also products by others intended for DOS and Windows computers as well as the Apple Macintosh, including ClickArt, the fifth software title available for the Mac. It was also one of the first companies to offer fonts for the Macintosh. By 1988, it no longer sold the product of its namesake, T/Maker.

Other notable T/Maker products include Personal Publisher, a consumer-oriented desktop publishing application for the PC (acquired by Software Publishing Corporation in 1986), SmartBundle, an "office" styled bundle of major applications, Vroombooks, a multimedia storybook, and the Macintosh word processor WriteNow, (which it licensed from NeXT in 1985 and ultimately sold to WordStar in 1993).

Heidi and business partner/chairman Royal Farros purchased T/Maker from Peter in 1986 and continued bootstrapping until 1989, when it became venture capital firm Hummer Winblad Venture Partners’ first venture investment. Ann Winblad became a director of the company at that time. Tim Draper of Draper Fisher led the company’s second round in 1993 and also joined the board.

T/Maker was acquired in 1994 by Deluxe Corporation. Both Heidi and Royal left the company in 1996, Heidi becoming VP of Worldwide Developer Relations at Apple Computer and Royal founding and becoming CEO of an online print shop, iPrint.com.

T/Maker’s remaining products were ultimately acquired by Broderbund, who continues to market and expand the ClickArt line.

References

External links
 Broderbund official website
 Peter Roizen official website
 Heidi.roizen.com
 T/Maker Five website

CP/M software
DOS software
Spreadsheet software
Proprietary software
1979 software
SoundBug. Soundbug is a small speaker that can turn a resonant flat surface into a flat panel speaker. The Soundbug is attached to a smooth resonant surface, this surface then acts as speaker. The tone differs depending on the surface (wood, metal, glass etc.). The Soundbug was developed by FeONIC Technology (formerly Newlands Scientific), a commercial research and development company specialising in magnetostrictive audio products as a spin-off from Hull University. FeONIC used the same technology for Whispering Windows, which is able to resonate shop windows.

Soundbug transmits the audio signal to the flat surface by way of a small piece of Terfenol-D, which is a magnetostrictive alloy of rare earth metals and iron. This material, when stimulated with an electrical input, causes the Terfenol to expand slightly, resulting in sound output with a very small amplitude. Once attached to a flat surface, Soundbug will translate electric signals into mechanical energy, causing the flat surface to vibrate and broadcast the sound.

External links
Soundbug Whispering Windows and Invisible Speakers from FeONIC
Whispering Windows website
YouTube video showing Whispering Windows and SoundBug in action
Bug sets windows shaking, BBC, 18 March 2002

Sound technology
Gpsim. gpsim is a full system simulator for Microchip PIC microcontrollers originally written by Scotte Dattalo.
It is distributed under the GNU General Public License.

gpsim has been designed for accuracy including the entire PIC - from the core to the I/O pins and including the functions of all internal peripherals. This makes it possible to create stimuli and tie them to the I/O pins and test the PIC the same way you would in the real world.

The software can run natively in Windows using gpsimWin32, a port to Windows created by Borut Ražem.

See also

GPUTILS - GNU PIC utilities

References

External links
 
 gpsim on Windows

Microcontroller software
Electronic circuit simulators
Datanomic. Datanomic was a software engineering company based in Cambridge, England.

Founded in 2001, Datanomic developed data quality solutions. In 2006, Datanomic acquired Tranato and integrated Tranato's semantic profiling and parsing capabilities with Datanomic's data auditing and cleansing to produce a new data quality application.  Launched in July 2007, dn:Director provided an end-to-end data quality tool kit encompassing, data profiling, auditing, cleansing and matching through a single graphical user interface and all written in Java.

Although dn:Director had capabilities to handle data quality issues in all kinds of data, Datanomic targeted its dn:Director application at business users with customer data quality challenges.  It adopted a strategy of building "applications", consisting of pre-configured rules and reference data, on top of the data quality platform to address specific business issues.  

Most successful of these was its Watchlist Screening application (in support of compliance with anti-money laundering and anti-terrorism know-your-customer regulation). This was adopted by clients including Barclays Bank, Bank of America, MetLife and Vodafone.

Datanomic was funded by private investors and venture capital companies 3i and DN Capital. Nenad Marovac, Founding Partner at DN Capital, supported a management-led buyout in 2009, meaning DN Capital, Datanomic Management and other previous investors acquired 3i’s shares.

In July 2011, Datanomic was acquired by Oracle Corporation, which announced it would combine Datanomic's technology with the Oracle product data quality capabilities it secured when it acquired Silver Creek Systems in 2010. The new combined suite is known as Oracle Enterprise Data Quality. Datanomic's compliance screening application has also been persisted as Oracle Watchlist Screening.

References

Further reading

External links 
Case study: Data Excellence at the London Borough of Brent, finalist in the e-Government National Awards 2008
Release of dn:Director
Datanomic acquired by Oracle
Oracle announcement of Datanomic acquisition

Software companies of the United Kingdom
Oracle acquisitions
Pazmany. Pazmany might refer to:
 Péter Pázmány (1570–1637), Hungarian theologian and cardinal
 Ladislao Pazmany (1923–2006), aviation engineer
 Pazmany Aircraft Corporation, manufacturer of small aircraft
Pazmany PL-1
Pazmany PL-4
Pazmany PL-9 Stork

See also
Pázmány Péter Catholic University, private university in Budapest, Hungary
Operation Crossbow Site. The Operation Crossbow Site is a historic location at Eglin Air Force Base, Florida. During World War II, a reconstruction of a German V-1 flying bomb launch site was built to test the measures needed to destroy the actual bases in France.

In January 1944, General Grandison Gardner orders read, "Reproduction of the ski sites in complete detail and destruction in various ways."  He determined low-level bombing with the heaviest bombs achieved the greatest accuracy.

On October 22, 1998, it was added to the United States National Register of Historic Places.

The Site was built in a hurry, "working around the clock for 13 days" in 1944 on a "remote part of the Eglin reservation".

Current state
"Portions of nine concrete and brick structures" remain on the 14-acre site. Some buildings are "virtually intact and show little damage from the many attempts over the years to destroy them." A 2014 Historic American Engineering Record survey noted two existing clusters of buildings, left as they had been in 1944.

See also
V-1 flying bomb facilities
Operation Crossbow

References

Site
Buildings and structures in Walton County, Florida
Military installations in Florida
World War II sites in the United States
1944 in Florida
Military installations established in 1944
Historic American Engineering Record in Florida
National Register of Historic Places in Baker County, Florida
World War II on the National Register of Historic Places
Rotary transformer. A rotary (rotatory) transformer is a specialized transformer used to couple electrical signals between two parts that rotate in relation to each other. They may be either cylindrical or 'pancake' shaped.

Slip rings can be used for the same purpose, but are subject to friction, wear, intermittent contact, and limitations on the rotational speed that can be accommodated without damage. Wear can be eliminated by using a pool of liquid mercury or liquid metal alloy instead of a solid ring contact, but the toxicity and slow corrosion of mercury are problematic, and very high rotational speeds are again difficult to achieve. A rotary transformer has none of these limitations.

Rotary transformers are constructed by winding the primary and secondary windings into separate halves of a cup core; these concentric halves face each other, with each half mounted to one of the rotating parts. Magnetic flux provides the coupling from one half of the cup core to the other across an air gap, providing the mutual inductance that couples energy from the transformer's primary to its secondary.

In brushless synchros, typical rotary transformers (in pairs) provide longer life than slip rings. These rotary transformers have a cylindrical, rather than a disc-shaped, air gap between windings. The rotor winding is a spool-shaped ferromagnetic core, with the winding placed like thread on a spool. The flanges are the pole pieces. The stator winding is a ferromagnetic cylinder with the winding inside, and end poles that are discs with holes, like washers.

Uses
Rotary transformers are most commonly used in videocassette recorders, as well as other tape drives that use rotary heads to implement helical scan, such as those used for tape backup. Signals must be coupled from the electronics of the VCR or other tape drive to the fast-moving tape heads carried on the rotating head drum; a rotary transformer is ideal for this purpose. Most VCR designs require more than one signal to be coupled to the head drum. In this case, the cup core has more than one concentric winding, isolated by individual raised portions of the core. The transformer for the head drum shown to the right couples six individual channels.

Another use is to transmit the signals from rotary torque sensors installed on electric motors, to allow electronic control of motor speed and torque using feedback.

Because they are transformers, rotary transformers can only pass AC, not DC, power and signals. The supporting electronics, including the tape heads or torque sensors, must be designed to accommodate this.

See also
 Metadyne
 Rotary converter
 Variable-frequency transformer

References 

Electric transformers
Central Charter de Colombia. Central Aerospace is an end-to-end support to the operation, maintenance, and aerospace solutions for the region based at El Dorado International Airport in Bogotá, Colombia.

History

The company was founded on November 28, 1979, as a charter operation to support oil exploration.  In 1991, the name was changed to Central Charter de Colombia, S.A. and the company began regular executive charter flights. Central Charter also performs maintenance for specific aircraft types.

In 2016, the company was taken over by a subsidiary of Signature Aviation (formerly BBA Aviation). In 2019, it changed the name to Central Aerospace.

References 

Airlines of Colombia
Airlines established in 1979
Aircraft ground handling
Colombian companies established in 1979
Fixed-base operators
HPU. HPU may refer to:

Universities
 Hawaii Pacific University, in Honolulu, Hawaii, US
 High Point University, in High Point, North Carolina, US
 Himachal Pradesh University, in Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
 Howard Payne University, in Brownwood, Texas, US
 Henan Polytechnic  University, in Jiaozuo, Henan, China

Computing
 Hogel processing unit, a parallel computation device for a holographic light-field display
 Holographic processing unit, a custom coprocessor by Microsoft

Other uses
 Hapur Junction railway station (station code), in India
 Team Hitec Products, a professional cycling team
 Home plate umpire in baseball

See also
Bedazzler. The Bedazzler is a home appliance which is used to fasten rhinestones, studs and patches to clothes and different fabrics.

History
The Bedazzler was first introduced in the 1970s as a direct marketing product.  It was developed by NSI Innovations in the United States.  It is promoted through TV infomercials, most recently by Tana Goertz of "The Apprentice" fame.  

Currently, DRTV company SAS Group, Inc. owns the rights to the product.  Ron Popeil sold a similar product under Ronco, his groundbreaking, successful DRTV company called the, "Ronco Rhinestone Stud Setter". Recently, the product was owned by TV marketer Avram C. Freedberg.

Description
The Bedazzler is a plastic device, similar to a stapler. The base has a circular wheel (a "Tiffany setting") opposite the plastic applicators ("plungers"). The device allows users to add various rhinestones and other assorted studs to fabrics and similar materials.

Reception
The Bedazzler was voted #100 in the Top 100 Gadgets of all time (Mobile PC Magazine March 2005 edition). Craft magazine - 'CNA Magazine' featured the Bedazzler on its cover in the January 2001 edition.

Like any fashion item, the popularity of the device and its output has waxed and decreased over time. Due to its low cost and the type of glitzy clothes and accessories that can be created using a bedazzler, it is often associated with kitsch and retro fashion.

A commentator in Entertainment Weekly magazine described the Bedazzler as: "The cheap-ass rhinestone-studding tool favored by art teachers and over-excitable soccer moms everywhere, the biggest piece of crap sold on late-night TV since the ThighMaster, the reason women own shirts with glittery kitty-cats on them."

See also
I Love the '70s: Volume 2 - A VH1 sequel miniseries was focused on 1970s pop culture.

References

External links
Official website
Television ad referencing Bedazzling

 Both Dead Links **
Home appliance brands
C-Lark. The C-Lark is an American sailboat, that was designed by Don Clark and first built in 1964.

Production
The design was built by the Clark Boat Company in Kent, Washington, United States starting in 1964 and also by Douglass & McLeod. Production ended in 1979. During its 15-year production run 1400 examples of the design were completed.

Design
The C-Lark is a recreational dinghy, built predominantly of fiberglass. It has a fractional sloop rig, a plumb stem, a vertical transom, a transom-hung rudder controlled by a tiller and a retractable centerboard keel. It displaces .

The boat has a draft of  with the centreboard extended and  with it retracted, allowing beaching or ground transportation on a trailer.

The design has a hull speed of .

See also
List of sailing boat types

Similar sailboats
Albacore
Flying Junior
Laser 2
Snipe

References

Dinghies
1960s sailboat type designs
Sailboat type designs by Don Clark
Sailboat types built by Clark Boat Company
Sailboat types built by Douglass & McLeod
Eberhard Rees. Eberhard Friedrich Michael Rees (April 28, 1908 – April 2, 1998) was a German-American (by becoming a naturalized citizen of the United States) rocketry pioneer and the second director of NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center.

Biography
Rees was born in Trossingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. After studying engineering at the University of Stuttgart, and graduating from the Dresden University of Technology in 1934 with his master's degree, he worked his way to become the assistant manager of a steel mill in Leipzig, Germany. Rees arrived at the Army Research Center Peenemünde in the spring of 1939 and managed V-2 rocket fabrication and assembly.  He served as Wernher von Braun's deputy from World War II through the Apollo program.

Rees was in the first group of Operation Paperclip rocket scientists brought to the United States by the Army Ordnance Corps, arriving at Logan Field on October 2, 1945, and serving first at the Army Aberdeen Proving Grounds, then at Fort Bliss, in 1946 and in 1950, at the Redstone Arsenal.
In August 1957, his team developed the ablative heat shield.

After serving as Deputy Director of Development Operations for the Army Ballistic Missile Agency, Rees became the Marshall Space Flight Center Deputy for Technical and Scientific Matters in 1960 and directed the Lunar Roving Vehicle program.

On March 1, 1970, Rees was appointed as the Director of the Marshall Space Flight Center, in Huntsville, Alabama, as von Braun's handpicked successor, from which he managed the Skylab space station development and construction. He retired from NASA in 1973.

On April 2, 1998, Rees died in a DeLand, Florida, hospital at the age of 89.

References

1908 births
1998 deaths
People from Tuttlingen (district)
Early spaceflight scientists
American technology writers
German people of World War II
German rocket scientists
German spaceflight pioneers
NASA people
Directors of the Marshall Space Flight Center
People from the Kingdom of Württemberg
University of Stuttgart alumni
Operation Paperclip
Engineers from Baden-Württemberg
20th-century American scientists
Members of the American Rocket Society
List of equipment of the French Army. Modern equipment of the French Army is a list of equipment currently in service with the French Army. Figures are provided by the Ministry of Armed Forces for 2021.

Personal equipment

Uniforms

Optronic devices and observation systems

Special equipment

Infantry equipment

Pistols

Submachine guns

Assault rifles

Sniper and anti-materiel rifles

Machine guns

Shotguns

Grenade launchers

Portable anti-materiel weapons

Vehicles

Armoured vehicles

Artillery and air defence

Engineering

Logistics

Unarmoured vehicles

Aircraft

References

External links
Official website of the French Ministry of Defense 
Les hélicoptères de l'armée de terre : situation et perspectives – Report from the French Senate 
Le rôle des drones dans les armées – Report from the French Senate 
Projet de loi de finances pour 2003 : Forces terrestres – Report from the French Senate 
Projet de loi de finances pour 2007 : Défense – Forces terrestres – Report from the French Senate 

French Army
Military equipment of France
Fra
Equipment
Microsoft Connected Services Framework. Microsoft Connected Services Framework (CSF) is a discontinued service-aggregation SOA platform from Microsoft. Developed on the .NET Framework, CSF enables scalable, loosely coupled service-based solutions. The session is the core component of the framework involved in routing messages between participants (participants may be .NET components or web services). Complex Routing can be accomplished by external .NET or BizTalk driver services. CSF is not a replacement for BizTalk; rather, it simplifies orchestrations by removing service specific operations and allowing focus on business/process logic.

External links
 Connected Services Framework Documentation
 Connected Services Framework Developer Center
 Connected Services Framework Team Blog

.NET Framework software
Service-oriented architecture-related products