omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Blériot-Whippet. The Blériot-Whippet was a British 4 wheeled cyclecar made from 1920 to 1927 by the Air Navigation and Engineering Company based in Addlestone, Surrey.

The Blériot aircraft company had opened a factory at Addlestone during World War I to make SPAD and Avro aircraft and in 1920 the ownership of the plant changed to the Air Navigation and Engineering Co. and introduced car making with a cyclecar designed by Herbert Jones and W.D. Marchant. There seems to have been no connection with the cyclecar made by the French Blériot company.

The most unusual feature of the car was its infinitely variable belt transmission using expanding pulleys to a design called the Zenith-Gradua. It had originally been used on Zenith motor cycles. Power came from a 1 Litre, Blackburne air-cooled, V-twin, engine producing  at 2000 rpm and mounted with cylinders one behind the other. This was modified by Jones and Marchant to have roller bearing big ends. The chassis had quarter elliptic leaf springs all round.

In 1922 the belt drive was replaced by a conventional three-speed gearbox and chain drive.  The chain drive car was in 1923 joined by a shaft drive model with the engine turned through 90 degrees.

Two seat open bodies were standard made of plywood covered in leather cloth and came in tourer and sports versions. Later a 3/4 seat version was added to the range. The car cost GBP 300 at launch falling to GBP115 in 1924.

Several hundred are thought to have been made and one was owned by Alec Issigonis. Only one is known to survive.

The Air Navigation and Engineering Company also made the Eric Longden light car at Addlestone as well as some aircraft and gliders, but failed in 1927. The factory later housed the British manufacture of fabric bodied Weymann coachwork and later Metro Cammell Weymann bus bodies, this business continuing until 1965.

See also
 List of car manufacturers of the United Kingdom

References 

Cyclecars
Defunct companies based in Surrey
Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of England
Cars introduced in 1920
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1920
Cars discontinued in 1927
College of Engineering Roorkee. College of Engineering Roorkee (COER) also known as COER University was established in 1998 by Seth Roshan Lal Jain Trust. It is in Roorkee on National Highway (NH-58), approximately  north of Delhi, the capital of India. It is  from Roorkee towards Haridwar. The campus is . It is affiliated to Uttarakhand Technical University.

Academics 
COER provides four-year B.Tech courses, three-year Diploma courses in electrical, mechanical, civil & computer science engineering and two-year M.Tech courses in various engineering fields.
COER provides two years of Masters in Business Administration and other three years of management courses (Bachelor's degree).

References

External links 

Engineering colleges in Uttarakhand
Education in Roorkee
Universities and colleges established in 1998
1998 establishments in Uttar Pradesh
Baray. A baray () is an artificial body of water which is a common element of the architectural style of the Khmer Empire of Southeast Asia. The largest are the East Baray  and West Baray in the Angkor area, each rectangular in shape, oriented east-west and measuring roughly five by one and a half miles. Historians are divided on the meaning and functions of barays. Some believe that they were primarily spiritual in purpose, symbolizing the Sea of Creation surrounding Mount Meru, font of the Hindu cosmos. Others have theorized that they held water for irrigation of fields. Others believe that it was used to store water, the current most popular theory. It is possible that the function was a combination of these explanations, or others.

The building of barays might have originated from the tradition of building large reservoirs called dighi in Eastern India.

See also
 Srah and baray
 Temple tank

References

Archaeological sites in Cambodia
Hindu temples in Cambodia
Stabs. stabs (sometimes written STABS) is a debugging data format for storing information about computer programs for use by symbolic and source-level debuggers. (The information is stored in symbol table strings; hence the name "stabs".) Cygnus Support attributes the invention of stabs to  for the Berkeley Pascal pdx debugger, however, he claims otherwise, stating stabs came with adb and sdb but could predate those. , who created pdx for his 1981 master's thesis and later developed it into dbx, states his doctoral adviser Michael L. Powell "contributed to the stabstrings design, especially
to support Modula-2".

History
When stabs was created in the 1980s, the dominant object file format was a.out, which (unlike more recent formats such as ELF) makes no provision for storing debugging information. Stabs works around this problem by encoding the information using special entries in the symbol table.

At one stage stabs was widely used on Unix systems, but the newer DWARF format has largely supplanted it.

References

External links
STABS GNU Debugger project documentation

Debugging data formats
Debugging data format. A debugging data format is a means of storing information about a compiled computer program for use by high-level debuggers. Modern debugging data formats store enough information to allow source-level debugging.

High-level debuggers need information about variables, types, constants, subroutines and so on, so they can translate between machine-level storage and source language constructs. Such information can also be used by other software tools. The information must be generated by the compiler and stored in the executable file or dynamic library by the linker.

Some object file formats include debugging information, but others can use generic debugging data formats such as stabs and DWARF.

List of debugging formats 
 stabs
 COFF
 Portable Executable (PE/COFF)
 Relocatable Object Module Format (OMF)
 IEEE-695
 DWARF

See also 
 Debug symbol

References 

  (NB. Concentrates on DWARF, but also discusses debugging formats in general, with an overview of all the major formats.)

Computer file formats
Shiftronic. Shiftronic is Hyundai Motor Company's version of the manumatic automatic transmission. A Shiftronic transmission can operate just like a conventional automatic transmission, but it also allows the driver to override the computer's automatic mode by moving the shift lever into a second shift gate equipped with two spring-loaded positions: "upshift" and "downshift". Once in this gate, the driver takes over most of the shifting decisions ordinarily performed by the transmission's computer, permitting, for example, the delaying of an upshift for increased acceleration or to increase the braking effect of the engine. A Shiftronic transmission utilizes a torque converter; consequently, it is not a standard transmission, single-clutch AMT, or a newer dual-clutch transmission like Volkswagen's Direct-Shift Gearbox. In overridden mode, however, a Shiftronic transmission does not allow the engine to stall or over-rev.

See also
List of Hyundai transmissions

References

Hyundai Motor Company
Automatic transmission tradenames
Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery. Tata Hitachi Construction Machinery Company Pvt Ltd or THCMC is an India-based joint venture company between Tata Motors of India and Hitachi Construction Machinery of Japan. It was previously known as Telco Construction Equipment Co. Ltd. or Telcon for short.

Tata Hitachi's product lineup includes a wide range of excavators:  from 2T – 800T Excavators, 35T to 290T Rigid dump trucks, Wheel Loaders and Backhoe Loaders. Tata Hitachi has two manufacturing facilities at Dharwad – Karnataka and Kharagpur – West Bengal.

History
The company commenced manufacturing of construction equipment in 1961, as a division of TATA Engineering and Locomotive Company (TELCO), now TATA Motors at its Jamshedpur plant. In 1984, it entered into a technical collaboration with Hitachi Construction Machinery for manufacturing hydraulic excavators. In 2000, HCM acquired a 20% stake in JV, which increased to 40% in 2005 and currently stands at 60%. The company has been known to offer the largest range of Hydraulic excavators under a single brand in India. It currently has manufacturing plants at Kharagpur (West Bengal) and Dharwad (Karnataka).

Milestones 

1961: Telco (now Tata Motors) started the Construction Equipment Division. First excavator rolled out.

1984: Collaboration with Hitachi Construction Machinery for the manufacture of Hydraulic Excavators.

1985: The first Hydraulic Excavator UH083 launched.

1994: Construction Equipment Business Unit (CEBU) formed. EX70 Excavator Launched.

1998: New Manufacturing Facility set up at Dharwad.

1999: CEBU converted into a separate company – Telcon.

2000: Tata Motors and HCM sign JV for 80:20 stake in Telcon.

2009: New Manufacturing Facility set up at Kharagpur.

2010: New JV between Tata Motors and Hitachi with 40:60 stake.

2012: Name changed from Telcon to Tata Hitachi.

2018: Launch of the all new Backhoe Loader – Tata Hitachi Shinrai.

2019: The Dharwad plant Administrative Block receives the Gold Rating under IGBC's LEED New Construction Rating System.

Manufacturing Facilities 

Tata Hitachi has two plants – Dharwad – Karnataka and Kharagpur – West Bengal.

Set up in 1961, the oldest plant of Tata Hitachi at Jamshedpur manufactures large class excavators. Equipped with facilities from material preparation, fabrication, machining, shot blasting and painting right through to assembly. This plant houses equipment such as robot's and CNC machines.

The Dharwad plant has been operational since 1999. The plant manufactures excavators up to 20T and Backhoe Loaders

The Kharagpur plant was set up in 2009 and manufactures 20T class excavators, Wheel Loaders and Dump Trucks

A spare parts warehouse and Service Training facilities are integrated with both the plants to cater to Dealer and Customer requirements.

References

Construction equipment manufacturers of India
Hitachi subsidiaries
Tata Motors
Multinational joint-venture companies
Manufacturing companies based in Bengaluru
Indian companies established in 1961
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1961
1962 establishments in Japan
Tata Group
1961 establishments in Mysore State
Chengdu Aircraft Research and Design Institute. AVIC Chengdu Aircraft Research and Design Institute (CADI; ; historically the 611 Institute) is a design institute that works with the Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group for military aircraft. Built in 1970, it covers an area of 310,000 square meters.

History
In May 1970, the Shenyang design team for the J-9 moved to Chengdu; this was part of the "Third Line" program that moved defence industries to the interior to make them less vulnerable to foreign attack. The team was later renamed as the 611 Institute.

The design work on the cancelled double-canard J-9 influenced later CADI designs. The Chengdu J-10 used the double-canard layout. The Chengdu J-20 also used canards.

Products
 CAC FC-1 / JF-17
 Chengdu J-10
 Chengdu J-20
 CAIG Wing Loong

Sichuan Tengden
Designed by branch Sichuan Tengden
Tengden TB-001

See also
Tu Jida, former chief designer at the institute
 J-XX

References

External links

Aerospace companies of China
Companies based in Chengdu
Chinese companies established in 1970
Research institutes established in 1970
Research institutes in China
Shenyang Aircraft Design Institute. Shenyang Aircraft Design Institute (; or 601 Institute) is a Chinese aircraft design institute of the Shenyang Aircraft Corporation, specializing in the design of military aircraft.

Products
 Shenyang J-5
 Shenyang J-6
 Shenyang J-8
 Variants of Shenyang J-11, such as J-11B
 Shenyang J-15
 Shenyang J-16
 Shenyang J-35

References

Aerospace companies of China
Companies with year of establishment missing
1961 establishments in China
Shenyang Aeroengine Research Institute. Shenyang Aeroengine Research Institute () or the 606 Institute is a Chinese aeroengine design institute of the Aero Engine Corporation of China. In the past, it has partnered with Shenyang Aircraft Corporation in developing military aircraft engines.

Products
 Turbofan WS-10, Taihang
 Turbojet WP-14, Kunlun

References 

Aircraft engine manufacturers of China
Companies with year of establishment missing
Aerospace research institutes
Aircraft manufacturers of China
Stephen Child. Stephen Child (1866–1936) was an American architect and landscape architect. He received his undergraduate degree from MIT in 1888 in civil engineering. He served as the deputy street commissioner and superintendent of the sewer department in Newton, Massachusetts between 1891 and 1901. Child studied under Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr. at Harvard between 1901 and 1903 and designed several parks in California as well as one of the first proposals for the Cambridge campus of MIT.  He also designed the Colonia Solana allotment in Tucson.  Stephen Child is buried in Painesville, Ohio.

References

MIT School of Architecture and Planning alumni
Harvard Graduate School of Design alumni
American landscape architects
1866 births
1936 deaths
Miron Livny. Miron Livny () is a senior researcher and professor specializing in distributed computing at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Livny has been a professor of computer science at Wisconsin since 1983, where he leads the HTCondor high-throughput computing system project. Miron is also a principal investigator and currently the facility coordinator for the Open Science Grid project, Director of the Center for High Throughput computing, CTO of Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery, and Director of Core Computational Technology of the Morgridge Institute for Research.

In 2006, along with Raghu Ramakrishnan, Professor Livny won the SIGMOD Test of Time award for his seminal work on distributed databases.

Education
 Ph.D., Computer Science, August 1983. Weizmann Institute of Science.  (Thesis: The Study of Load Balancing Algorithms for Decentralized Processing Systems)
 M.S., Computer Science, 1978. Weizmann Institute of Science.
 B.S., Physics and Mathematics, 1975. Hebrew University.

Footnotes

External links
 Personal web page
 HTCondor Project home page
 Open Science Grid home page
 Center for High Throughput Computing
 Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery

Israeli computer scientists
1950 births
Living people
William McNab (engineer). William McNab (1855 – 23 February 1923) was a pioneering railway engineer.  He came to Canada as a youth and was educated at the McGill Model School and the Montreal Collegiate School. Upon graduating in 1870, he served in the Engineering Department of the Grand Trunk Railway as an indentured pupil. During this time, he was occupied with the construction of the International Bridge (Fort Erie to Buffalo), the Lewiston and Auburn Railroad (Maine), Union Station (Toronto), and the ferry docks at Point Edward, Ontario. From 1875 to 1885, he was exclusively engaged in the G.T.R. surveys, including those between Scarborough and Toronto; the York Yard; lines in Michigan, Ontario, and Quebec; Terminal Station, Montreal; and the Victoria iron tubular bridge across the St. Lawrence River at Montreal.

In 1887, he became chief draughtsman, and nine years later he became assistant engineer. In 1907, he was appointed principal assistant engineer; in 1916, valuation engineer; and in 1918, he became chairman of the valuation committee.

He was a member of the ASCE, the American Railway Association, and the Canadian Railway Club.   He was admitted to the EIC in 1887, and became a member of the CSCE in 1900 and 1907;   librarian from 1891  to 1899; and was active in its yearly proceedings. He was also a member of the St. Andrew's Society, the Caledonia Society and the Montreal Amateur Athletic Society.

Engineering projects
Ferry Docks at Point Edward, Ontario
Grand Trunk Railway
International Bridge (Fort Erie to Buffalo)
Lewiston and Auburn Railroad (Maine)
Terminal Station (Montreal)
Union Station (Toronto)
Victoria iron tubular bridge (Montreal)

References

Engineering Institute of Canada. Charter, By-Laws, List of Members, and the Professional Engineering Acts. 1925. p. 44.
Engineering Institute of Canada. Charter, By-Laws, List of Members, and the Professional Engineering Acts. 1925. p. 45.
Engineering Institute of Canada. Charter, By-Laws, List of Members, and the Professional Engineering Acts. 1925. p. 297.
CSCE Transactions. 1891. p. 10.
CSCE Transactions. Vol. vi, part 1: Jan 1892. p. 16.
The Canadian Engineer. Vol. 16, March 19, 1909.
The Canadian Engineer. Vol. 44, No. 10: March 6, 1923.
The Engineering Journal. Vol. 6, April, 1923.

1855 births
1923 deaths
Canadian engineers
Scottish emigrants to Canada
Ontario Municipal Airport. Ontario Municipal Airport  is three miles west of Ontario, in Malheur County, Oregon. The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 categorized it as a general aviation facility.

The first airline flights were Empire Airlines Boeing 247Ds in late 1946; successors West Coast, Air West and Hughes Airwest served Ontario until 1973.

Facilities
The airport covers 480 acres (194 ha) at an elevation of 2,193 feet (668 m). Its one runway, 15/33, is 5,006 by 100 feet (1,526 x 30 m) asphalt.

In the year ending September 18, 2019, the airport had 12,930 general aviation aircraft operations, average 35 per day. 61 aircraft were then based at the airport: 55 single-engine, 2 jet, 1 helicopter, and 3 glider.

References

External links 
 Airport page at City of Ontario website
 Aerial image as of May 1994 from USGS The National Map
 

Airports in Malheur County, Oregon
Ontario, Oregon
Clascal. Clascal is an object-oriented programming language (and associated  discontinued compiler) developed in 1983 by the Personal Office Systems (POS) division (later renamed The Lisa Division, then later The 32-Bit Systems Division) of  Apple Computer. Clascal was used to program applications for the Lisa Office System, the operating environment of the Lisa.

Developed as an extension of Lisa Pascal, which in turn harked back to the UCSD Pascal model originally implemented on the Apple II, the language was strongly influenced by the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) release of Smalltalk-80, v1 (which had been formerly ported to the Lisa), and by Modula.  According to Larry Tesler, Clascal was developed as a replacement for Apple's version of Smalltalk, which was "too slow" and because the experience offered by the Smalltalk syntax was too unfamiliar for most people.

Clascal was the basis for Object Pascal on the Apple Macintosh in 1985. With the demise of the Lisa in 1986, Pascal and Object Pascal continued to be used in the Macintosh Programmer's Workshop for systems and application development for several more years, until it was finally supplanted by the languages C and C++. The MacApp application framework was based on Toolkit originally written in Clascal.

Object Pascal, in turn, served as the basis for Borland's Delphi.

References

 

Programming languages
Pascal programming language family
Class-based programming languages
Object-oriented programming languages
High-level programming languages
Programming languages created in 1983
Sidney Little. Sidney Little, MICE (1885–1961) was a British civil engineer. He was born in Carlisle and after working in Ipswich as the Borough Engineer he was appointed in 1926 in Hastings, East Sussex as the Borough and Water Engineer, later including the role of Borough Planning Officer. He worked there for 24 years. During that time, he was responsible for implementing a number of major projects in the town.

Career 

Known on the South Coast of England as "The Concrete King", Little had great knowledge of reinforced concrete. Many of his projects used this material. Improvements to the "Front Line" sea defences allowed the creation of the UK's first underground car parks. A covered 1,500 ft (455 metres) promenade between Hastings Pier and Warrior Square, completed in April 1934 as part of the town's sea defences, was created using concrete panels containing thousands of coloured glass fragments for decoration. This became known locally as "Bottle Alley". Other concrete projects included the construction of a large open air bathing pool at West St Leonard's with a set of double decker seaside chalets in concrete. The White Rock Baths were reconstructed along with several other municipal projects such as the conversion of Johns Place into a museum and plans for an aerodrome at Pebsham near St Leonards on Sea, UK.

Little was unpopular with some people because of his willingness to remove historic buildings for road creation schemes, but his most important work was with the water supply to the town of Hastings and St Leonard's with the construction of deep tunneled aqueducts up to 200 ft deep and the construction of Powdermill, Darwell and Baldslow reservoirs to supply water. Little also contributed to the improvement and provision of sewers throughout Hastings.

Between 1940 and 1944, Little's expertise was used by the Ministry of Defence when he worked with the Admiralty on the creation of huge concrete Mulberry Harbour floats that were used for the D Day landings. He designed aboveground sea front shelters constructed from reinforced concrete. The structures were towed to France and linked to form harbour walls. They helped the Allies to take ashore large numbers of vehicles, personnel, communications equipment and other supplies – vital to sustaining the frontline forces as they pushed deeper into German territory.

Sidney Little M.I.C.E. was granted freedom of the Borough of Hastings in 1960, and died in 1961 at age 76.

References

1885 births
1961 deaths
People from Hastings
British civil engineers
Albatros L 75. The Albatros L 75 Ass (German: "Ace") was a German trainer biplane of the 1920s. Of conventional configuration, it seated the pilot and instructor in separate, open cockpits. The wings were single-bay, equal-span, and had a slight stagger. Production continued after Albatros was absorbed by Focke-Wulf.

Variants
 L 75 - prototype with BMW IVa engine
 L 75a - production version with BMW Va engine
 L 75b - with Junkers L5 engine
 L 75c - BMW Va engine
 L 75d - BMW Va engine
 L 75E - BMW Va engine
 L 75F - Junkers L5G engine
 L 75DSA - BMW Va engine
 L 75DSB - Junkers L5 engine

Operators
 DVS

Specifications (L 75a)

References

Further reading

 

L 075
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
1920s German civil trainer aircraft
Focke-Wulf aircraft
Albatros L 79. 

The Albatros L 79 Kobold was a single-seat German aerobatic aircraft of the 1920s and 1930s. It was a single-bay biplane with unstaggered, equal-span wings that had a symmetrical airfoil intended to ensure performance during inverted flight.

Specifications (L 79)

See also

References
 
 German Aircraft between 1919–1945

Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
1920s German sport aircraft
L 079
Aerobatic aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1929
Single-engined piston aircraft
Albatros L 82. The Albatros L 82 was a 1920s German trainer biplane. Of conventional configuration, it seated the pilot and instructor in separate, open cockpits. The wings were single-bay, equal-span, and unstaggered.

Operational history
The prototype and one production L 82b took part in the Challenge 1929 international contest, during which the prototype (D-1704) crashed on 10 August 1929 in Turnu Severin, pilot Karl Ziegler. The second example (D-1706) completed the contest in 27th place, pilot Werner Junck).

Variants
 L 82a - prototype with de Havilland Gipsy engine
 L 82b - single example with Siemens-Halske Sh 13 engine
 L 82c - production version with Siemens-Halske Sh 14 engine

Specifications (L 82c)

See also

Notes

Bibliography

External links

 German Aviation 1919–1945

Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
1920s German civil trainer aircraft
L 082
Aircraft first flown in 1929