omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Torped 62. Torped 62 is a torpedo used by the Swedish Navy, possibly to be in-use until the mid-2040s.

In the late 1980s, FFV (today Saab Dynamics AB), began to develop a replacement for the older Torped 613, the main heavy torpedo used by the Swedish navy. In 1991 the company was awarded a contract of 200 million SEK to complete development of the torpedo.
Scheduled to enter service in the mid 1990s, different problems delayed the torpedo for several years. In 2001 the first torpedoes was delivered to the Swedish Defence Material Administration (FMV) for early testing.
The first batch was delivered to the Swedish armed forces in 2004 and was officially handed over to the Swedish Navy by early 2010.

The torpedo has a pump jet propulsion system giving it a maximum speed of over 45+ knots. It can also track several targets and classify them at the same.

In 2020 Saab received a first order from the Swedish Defence Materiel Administration (FMV) for the life extension of the heavyweight torpedo system. The order value is approximately 485 MSEK, with deliveries from 2020 to 2024. This order ensures continuing development of the heavy torpedo, with the possibility for the Torpedo 62 to remain in operation with the Swedish Navy until the mid-2040s.

In 2021 Saab received an order from the Swedish Defence Material Organisation (FMV) for the next phase of the life extension programme of Torpedo 62. The order value is SEK 145 million, with deliveries by the end of 2023. The order includes pre-studies and engineering which incorporates subsystem prototypes for improvements of the current torpedo.

References 

Torpedoes of Sweden
Planing mill. A planing mill is a facility that takes cut and seasoned boards from a sawmill and turns them into finished dimensional lumber. Machines used in the mill include the planer and matcher, the molding machines, and varieties of saws. In the planing mill planer operators use machines that smooth and cut the wood for many different uses.

See also
Plane (tool)
Thickness planer

References

External links
Historic image of the Philomath, Oregon planing mill from the Oregon State University archives

Sawmill technology
Timber preparation
Industrial buildings and structures
Albion Mill, Ancoats. Albion Mill is a former industrial building in Manchester, United Kingdom. It occupies the site of a former cotton mill and ironworks.

John Hetherington & Sons made textile machinery in Ancoats.  The company was founded in 1830 and as it expanded acquired the site of J. and J. L. Gray's Ancoats Mill, and other works on Pollard Street where around 1856 it established the Vulcan Works.  The company moved to the Union Iron Works at West Gorton in 1939 as demand for its products declined. The Vulcan Works were used as business premises until 2004, when it was converted into flats as Albion Mill and Vulcan Mill. Today the mills have been converted into flats and offices.

References

Bibliography

Textile mills in Manchester
Cotton mills in Greater Manchester
Former textile mills in the United Kingdom
John Braithwaite. John Braithwaite may refer to:

John Braithwaite (engineer) (1797–1870), English engineer who invented the first steam fire engine
John Braithwaite (criminologist) (born 1951), criminologist at the Australian National University
John Braithwaite (sport shooter) (1925–2015), known as Bob Braithwaite, British trap shooter
John Braithwaite (writer) (born 1633), English Quaker
John Braithwaite (author) (1700–1768), English author
John Braithwaite the elder (1760–1818), British engineer
John Braithwaite (soldier) (1885–1916), New Zealand journalist, soldier and convicted mutineer
Sir John Braithwaite, 1st Baronet (1739–1803), Commander-in-Chief of the Madras Army

See also
John Braithwaite Wallis (1877–1961), Canadian entomologist
Braithwaite (surname)
Liuxihe Dam. The Liuxihe Dam is an arch dam on the Liuxi River in Conghua District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. The main purpose of the project is hydroelectric power generation with additional purposes of flood control and irrigation. The dam is  tall and was constructed between 1956 and 1958.

Construction
In September 1955, planning for dams in the Liuxi River basin began and by January 1956, plans for the Liuxihe Dam were complete. In August 1956, construction on the dam began and excavation commenced the next month and continued until April 1957, removing  of rock and material. The same month that excavation was complete, concrete placement began and continued until September 1958. Earlier in August, the first generator was placed online and the rest were operational by the end of 1958. Originally, the dam supported 4 × 10.5 MW generators but in 1993, they were upgraded to 12 MW each.

Design
The dam is a  long and  high double-curvature arch dam with a crest width of  and base width of . The dam is composed of  of concrete and contains seven openings on its surface to discharge water downstream. Each opening is  wide and  high with a discharge capacity of  each. A  long discharge tunnel with a maximum capacity of  is also built on the dam's right bank.

An axillary dam was built in conjunction with the project in order to protect low-lying areas from the reservoir. It is located about  northwest of the main dam and is an embankment type. The dam is  tall and  long while having a structural volume of . After the completion of the Huanglongdai Dam in June 1975, the downstream side of the auxiliary dam is now the Huanglongdai Reservoir in which it now serves to regulate both.

See also 

 List of power stations in China

References

Hydroelectric power stations in Guangdong
Dams in China
Arch dams
Dams completed in 1958
1958 establishments in China
Energy infrastructure completed in 1958
Pierre Lamond. Pierre R Lamond (born September 12, 1930) is a venture capitalist in Silicon Valley who has specialized in semiconductors, systems and cleantech. He was a partner at Sequoia Capital based in Menlo Park, California, from 1981 until he left to join Vinod Khosla's Khosla Ventures as General Partner in March 2009. He left Khosla Ventures in 2014 and joined Eclipse Ventures as a Partner in 2015.

Career 

Lamond was born in France and studied Electrical Engineering at the University of Toulouse as an undergraduate, where he also received a master's degree in Physics. He then gained another master's degree in Electrical Engineering from Northeastern University.

His first job was an engineer with Transitron Electronics in 1957. In January 1962, he joined Gordon Moore's Fairchild Semiconductor, before he left in 1967 to run the company's spin-off, National Semiconductor, with Charles E. Sporck and Bob Widlar. At National Semiconductor they made the-then bold move of assembling all their semiconductor components outside the US, in Hong Kong and Singapore.

He has also been an executive at Coherent Radiation, where he was CEO until January 1976, and Advent Corp., a home-entertainment equipment company, where he was CEO from March 1976 until May 1977.

During his tenure at Sequoia Capital, Lamond was chairman at Cypress Semiconductor, Microchip Semiconductor, Vitesse Semiconductor, Redback Networks, Plumtree Software, Verisity and a Director of a number of other companies. While at Sequoia he acted as a mentor for the founders of YouTube. Despite being an early investor in several social network startups, he said in 2007 that "We're in Web 2.0 bubble in my opinion." In 2009, Sequoia acrimoniously split with Lamond after he had made personal investments from his family office and referred deals to his son.

He is a past president of the Western Association of Venture Capitalists. He had intended to retire in 2009, but instead joined Khosla, who specialise in energy-related companies, after being impressed with their focus on investing in research-based ventures.  At Khosla Ventures, Lamond was on the Board of Seeo, Soladigm, Cogenra, Seamicro (sold to AMD), Point Source Power, Skybox. In 2015, Lamond joined Lior Susan, who was to lead Formation 8's hardware fund before the firm's split. Instead they founded Eclipse Ventures where he is currently Partner Emeritus. At Eclipse, Lamond is on the Boards of Light Lab, Kindred, Diassess, Cerebras, Flex Logix, Visible, and Oxide Computer Company.

Personal life 
Lamond is married. His son David is President of Lamond Capital Partners. Lamond has two other children, Patricia and Philip.

References

American venture capitalists
Silicon Valley people
French businesspeople
Northeastern University alumni
1930 births
University of Toulouse alumni
Living people
Needle Tower. Needle Tower is a public artwork by American sculptor Kenneth Snelson located outside of the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington, D.C., United States.

Description

This 26.5-meter-tall abstract sculpture is a tapering tower made of aluminum and stainless steel. The aluminum tubes act in compression, held in tension by the stainless steel cables threaded through in the ends of the tubes.

According to Valerie Fletcher from the Institute for Human Centered Design, the “Needle Tower brings together advanced engineering methods with a very sophisticated aesthetic of abstraction".

Acquisition

The piece was a gift of Joseph Hirshhorn in 1974.

Tensegrity

Snelson's unique sculpture style is well articulated in Needle Tower. 
The structure style displayed is known as "tensegrity," a description given by Snelson's former professor Buckminster Fuller to the melding of tension and structural integrity. According to Snelson: Tensegrity describes a closed structural system composed of a set of three or more elongate compression struts within a network of tension tendons, the combined parts mutually supportive in such a way that the struts do not touch one another, but press outwardly against nodal points in the tension network to form a firm, triangulated, prestressed, tension and compression unit.

Symbolism

Much has been said about the geometric shapes seen in Snelson's works. Looking up from the inside of Needle Tower one may see the Star of David. According to Snelson, his works are not symbolic and it's common to see six-pointed stars in his work. In Needle Tower the six pointedness comes from the natural geometry of the three compression struts that make up each layer. Sets of three alternate with left and right helical modules, adding up to six when viewed upwards from the base of the tower.

Conservation

Over time, small wires started to fray and snap. In April 2010 conservation work was completed on the sculpture by the Hirshhorn Museum. It took 15 staff members to stand the tower upright after conservation completion. The top portion was replaced, but . Snelson handled the renovation.

Needle Tower II

A second Needle Tower, Needle Tower II, was completed in 1968 and was acquired by the Kröller-Müller Museum in 1971. The piece resides in the museum's sculpture garden.

Gallery

See also
 List of public art in Washington, D.C., Ward 2

References

External links
Curious Skeletons by NASA
Hirshhorn's collection entry
Needle Tower on Kenneth Snelson's website
Waymarking Entry for Needle Tower

Modernist sculpture
1968 sculptures
Helices
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
Sculptures in the Smithsonian Institution
Abstract sculptures in Washington, D.C.
Aluminum sculptures in Washington, D.C.
Outdoor sculptures in Washington, D.C.
Star symbols
Ram (rocket). The RAM, also known as the 6.5-Inch Anti-Tank Aircraft Rocket or ATAR, was an air-to-ground rocket used by the United States Navy during the Korean War. Developed rapidly, the rocket proved successful but was phased out shortly after the end of the conflict.

Design and development
In 1950, the outbreak of the Korean War resulted in the United States Navy urgently requiring an aircraft-launched rocket that would be effective against enemy tanks, as the existing High Velocity Aircraft Rocket (HVAR) high-velocity aircraft rocket was expected to be ineffective against the armor of IS-3 heavy tanks.

The development of an improved rocket was undertaken with remarkable speed; a directive to start work on the project was issued on July 6, 1950, and the first rockets were delivered to the war zone on July 29. Over the course of those 23 days, the Naval Air Weapons Station China Lake, located in China Lake, California, developed an improved version of the HVAR, with a new,  shaped-charge warhead replacing the earlier weapon's  charge. The fuse for the shaped charge, developed with the same haste as the rocket itself, was considered dangerous, but proved to be safe enough in service; it was described as being "[not] as dangerous as the Russian tanks" it was designed to destroy. Claimed as being superior in armor penetration to the conventional 3.5 inch bazooka's warhead, which could penetrate  of armor, the RAM's warhead was capable of penetrating  of armor plate.

Operational history
Officially designated the 6.5-Inch Anti-Tank Aircraft Rocket (ATAR), and commonly known in service as "RAM", the new rocket was rushed to the Korean front, being used in combat for the first time on August 16, 1950. Despite the haste with which the weapon had been developed, the very first shipment included a full set of documentation and firing tables for the use of the rocket. The first 600 rockets were constructed by hand, but a production line was rapidly set up.

In operational service, the RAM was fitted to the F-51 Mustang, F-80 Shooting Star and F4U Corsair aircraft, and it proved to be moderately effective, with the first 150 rockets fired scoring "at least" eight confirmed kills of North Korean tanks. However, the rocket proved to be unpopular with pilots, due to the close approach to the target required for accurate firing execution; the HVAR offered a longer range, while napalm was considered more effective if the range had to be closed. With the end of the war in 1953, the ATAR was withdrawn from service, improved versions of the HVAR having become available as an alternative.

See also
FFAR
Tiny Tim (rocket)
BOAR (rocket)

References

Notes

Bibliography

Air-to-ground rockets of the United States
Cold War rockets of the United States
Hartelkering. The Hartelkering (English: Hartel barrier) is a storm surge barrier in Spijkenisse, Netherlands. The barrier is part of the Europoortkering, itself part of the Delta Works project and is designed to close the Hartelkanaal (nl) in case of a storm surge.

Overview
The barrier consists of two vertical lift gates,  and  in length. The gates have a height of  above NAP when closed. The waterlevel at this location can become higher, but in order to prevent flooding of the Europoort-area the gates were designed to allow the water to overtop the gates in extreme situations. The amount of water would be too small to cause any problems in the protected area but it does limit the surgelevel in the unprotected areas.

In the raised position the bottom of the gates is at  above NAP, slightly higher than the Hartelbrug (nl) next to the barrier. The barrier is equipped with a construction to fend off floating debris, which could damage the gates.

The Hartelkering was constructed at the same time as the Maeslantkering as part of the Europoortkering, a system of levees in addition to the two flood barriers. The barrier was built with the expectation to close once per five to ten years. The decision-making algorithm that sequences storm surge-triggered events in the Maeslantkering is run entirely by computer.

8 November 2007 storm
On 8 November 2007 a storm from the north-west hit the Dutch coast. A storm surge, high enough to start the barrier's closing procedure, occurred. The barrier was closed due to a storm surge for the first time since its construction. As the Oosterscheldekering and Maeslantkering storm surge barriers were also closed, the entire Dutch coast was protected against flooding for the first time since 1976. The closing procedure of the hartelkering started at 23.10h. The reopening took place on 9 November at 19.25h.

References 

Flood barriers
Dams in South Holland
Delta Works
Nissewaard
Jinghong Dam. The Jinghong Dam () is a gravity dam composed of roller-compacted concrete on the Lancang (Mekong) River near Jinghong in Yunnan Province, China. The main purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power production and it has an associated 1,750 MW power station. Part of the power generated is sold to Thailand under an agreement with China.

 it is the nearest Chinese dam upstream of the Thai border, and has helped to cause huge fluctuations in river levels, affecting people's livelihoods downstream by disrupting the river's natural cycle. It, along with the many other dams on the river, is exacerbating the effects of climate change and impacting the ecosystem, disturbing the migratory patterns of fish as well as riverbank plants and local agriculture downstream.

See also 

 List of power stations in China

References

Hydroelectric power stations in Yunnan
Dams in China
Dams in the Mekong River Basin
Gravity dams
Dams completed in 2008
Roller-compacted concrete dams
Buildings and structures in Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture
Jay Polychem. Jay Polychem India Ltd is a petrochemical distribution company based in Delhi, India. Founded in 1991, the company's core expertise lies in sourcing, storage and distribution of petrochemicals.

Products 

Jay Polychem deals in a  range of products including polymers and petrochemicals. Its products include:

Petrochemicals
Benzene
Toluene
Caustic soda
Soda ash
Polyolefin
Ortho-xylene
Para-xylene
Mixed xylene

Polymers
PC
POM
PBT
ASA

Controversies

Whistleblower harassment and torture allegations 
Samdeep Mohan Vargheese, a former Vice President of Jay Polychem, had complained of instances of money laundering and other irregularities. The company made a complaint to Punjab Police, even though it had its head office in Delhi. The police proceeded to arrest Samdeep, but he was granted anticipatory bail by Kerala High Court. The Punjab Police then detained a former house-help of Samdeep from Mumbai, took him to Punjab and tortured him at the police station. It has been reported that the interrogation and torture was overseen by Sandeep Madhok, an owner of the company.

Samdeep subsequently alleged that in May 2012, he was threatened by a group of 8 people, allegedly the henchmen of Jay Polychem, to leave Delhi immediately and not make any allegations against the Company. He alleged that two days later, two men armed with knives and country-made guns tried to stop him and threatened him to not "mess around with Madhok group". A Delhi Court ordered the registration of an FIR on his allegations.

The complaint against Samdeep was filed on behalf of the Jay Polychem by Amardeep Singh, another employee of the company. He subsequently stated that he was simply asked to sign some papers, which he did without verification, and only later learned that he was made to sign a complaint against Samdeep. He resigned from the company, but was later called to the office where he was beaten with leather belts. Subsequently, he was picked up by Punjab Police and tortured at Rajpura Police Station. This torture was also being overseen by Sandeep Madhok. Amardeep Singh was subsequently named as an accused, though he was originally the complainant.

Bank fraud 
The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) has booked Jay Polychem for a bank fraud of Rs. 1800 crores. The CBI issued look-out circulars against the owners of the company. An audit by Ernst & Young revealed fictitious transactions, syphoning of funds and forgery.

References

External links 
 Jay Polychem:Official Site

Companies based in Delhi
Petrochemical companies of India
DRDO Ulka. Ulka (Sanskrit: meteor or firebrand) is an air-launched expendable target drone of India.

Description
It has been developed by DRDO's  laboratory Aeronautical Development Establishment (ADE). Ulka was earlier simply known as MT (Missile Target). It has been designed to be launched from subsonic or supersonic aircraft by means of an ejector release unit. It performed missions at altitude between 50 m and 13,000 m and speeds ranging from Mach 0.7 to Mach 1.4 with a rocket motor. It is able to simulate the speed and altitude characteristics of approaching, receding or crossing of a variety of aircraft using false radar signatures.  It is used for defensive training of surface-to-air missile crews against anti-ship missiles and for development testing and evaluation of air defense systems. It can be air-launched by a variety of aircraft. It is the first Indian aerial vehicle to incorporate a canard configuration. It has been succeeded by Lakshya PTA.

See also 
 DRDO Lakshya

References 

Unmanned military aircraft of India
Kapothaka
Sanbanxi Dam. The Sanbanxi Dam is a concrete face rock-fill embankment dam on the Yuan (Qingshui) River in Jinping County, Guizhou Province, China. The dam houses a hydroelectric power station with 4 x 250 MW generators for a total installed capacity of 1,000 MW. Construction began in 2001 and was complete by 2006.

See also 

 List of power stations in China
 List of dams and reservoirs in China

References

Hydroelectric power stations in Guizhou
Dams in China
Concrete-face rock-fill dams
Dams completed in 2006
Bengal Institute of Technology, Kolkata. Bengal Institute of Technology (BIT) is a private engineering college located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India. The college was established in the year 2000 with four AICTE approved Courses. It is a part of Techno India Group. The institute is approved by All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE) and affiliated to Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology (formerly WBUT).

Campus

The college has two campuses, one for Biotechnology Department and the other (aka BIT Main Building) for the remaining departments. Both buildings are entirely covered by Wi-Fi facility. The library has a total collection of 34612 books of almost 3436 titles covering a vast number of subjects. There is a student activity center for co-curricular and extracurricular activities.

Ranking 
Bengal Institute of Technology (NAAC accredited B++)ranked 5th in West Bengal, 91st in India among all Engineering Institutes by NIRF, Dept. of Higher Education, MHRD, Govt. of India in 2016. In 2018, it was in the rank band 151 to 200 and in 2020, it has been ranked in the rank band 251 to 300 by NIRF, Dept. of Higher Education, MHRD, Govt. of India. BIT has also been ranked 51st  according to the digitalLEARNING National Engineering Ranking 2020.

See also

References

Engineering colleges in Kolkata
Colleges affiliated to West Bengal University of Technology
Educational institutions established in 2000
2000 establishments in West Bengal