omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Victorian Railways H class (diesel). The H class are a class of diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Granville for the Victorian Railways in 1968–1969.

History
The H Class were built as T class locomotives with modifications for use at the Melbourne Hump Yard. They were fitted additional equipment for their duties, including extra weight for traction, "manual power control" to allow low speed operation, and an accurate low speed speedometer.

The H class were delivered as T413 to T417, but were reclassified before entering service. The class rarely left Melbourne due to their excessive weight, until being approved to operate on the same lines as the N class in January 1987. All were included in the sale of V/Line Freight to Freight Victoria in May 1999 and passed with the business to Pacific National in August 2004.

Pacific National sold three of the H class to the Ettamogah Rail Hub in 2015. Two of those were on-sold to 707 Operations in 2018. H4 was scrapped in 2020, while H1 had had its long hood cladding removed and was stored in North Dynon between 2020 and April 2022, when it was transferred to the Seymour Railway Heritage Centre as part of a long-term restoration project. In mid-2023, all four of the surviving H classes were bought by Watco Australia, and are currently being refurbished at Newport Workshops.

Status table

Reference:

References

Bo-Bo locomotives
Clyde Engineering locomotives
Pacific National diesel locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1968
H class
Broad gauge locomotives in Australia
Diesel–electric locomotives of Australia
Shunting locomotives
Isopropyl iodide. Isopropyl iodide is the organoiodine compound with the formula (CH3)2CHI.  It is colorless, flammable, and volatile. Organic iodides are light-sensitive and take on a yellow colour upon storage, owing to the formation of iodine.

Preparation
Isopropyl iodide is prepared by iodination of isopropyl alcohol using hydrogen iodide or, equivalently, with a mixture of glycerol, iodine, and phosphorus. An alternative preparation involves the reaction of 2-propyl bromide with an acetone solution of sodium iodide (Finkelstein reaction):
(CH3)2CHBr  +  NaI   →   (CH3)2CHI  +  NaBr

References

Iodoalkanes
Isopropyl compounds
Iodides
Continental Copters. Continental Copters was a US helicopter remanufacturer established by John L Scott in Fort Worth, Texas in 1959. The company's most significant product was the remanufacturing of Bell 47 airframes as specialised, single-seat agricultural aircraft as the El Tomcat. Continental Copters also assembled stock Bell 47s from spare parts.

In the late 1970s, Continental worked on single-seat agricultural versions of the Bell 204 and 206, the latter flying as the Jet-Cat.

References
 
 

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United States
Manufacturing companies based in Fort Worth, Texas
Defunct helicopter manufacturers of the United States
Defunct manufacturing companies based in Texas
Civil Aviation Department Mrigasheer. 

The Civil Aviation Department Mrigasheer (मृगशिरा - "Orion") was a standard-class sailplane developed in India in the 1970s. It was an orthodox design with a high wing, slender, tapering fuselage, and conventional empennage. Construction was wooden throughout. The original HS-1 flew in 1970 and was followed in 1973 by the refined HS-2 design. This differed from its predecessor in having slotted flaps instead of airbrakes, and a completely redesigned tail. The HS-2 prototype placed second in the national gliding championships only a month after its first flight.

Specifications (HS-2)

References

See also

1970s Indian sailplanes
Glider aircraft
Civil Aviation Department aircraft
Hindustan Ardhra. 

The Hindustan Ardhra ("Green" or "The Moist One" in Sanskrit) was a sailplane designed in India for pilot training by the government's Civil Aviation Department in the late 1970s as the ATS-1 Ardhra. It was a two-seat aircraft of conventional configuration and wooden construction. The Indian Air Force ordered fifty examples in the early 1980s to be produced by Hindustan Aeronautics and the type was approved for use for flying by cadets.

Operators

 Indian Air Force

Specifications

References

Further reading
 
 

1970s Indian sailplanes
Glider aircraft
Ardrha
Ministry of Civil Aviation (India)
Aircraft first flown in 1979
Softbench. HP Softbench was one of the first plug-in Integrated Development Environment (IDE) tool based on the UNIX operating system, UNIX tools and the X Window System.

The main ideas were:
 Tools and data can reside on many different systems across the network
 Tool communication using a Broadcast Message Server
 Common user interface
 Integrated help facility
 Tool Slots
 Encapsulator: tool for encapsulate any CASE tool into a Tool Slot if it supports standard I/O.

History 
SoftBench was released in 1989 and presented in the June 1990 HP Journal. It was an early adoption of some of the IDE ideas that are common today in well known IDEs like Eclipse.

References 

HP Softbench has reserved ports 6110-6111 in the IANA list of port assignments List of TCP and UDP port numbers

Integrated development environments
Gordon Gutteridge. Alan Gordon Gutteridge (4 February 1892 – February 1942) was an Australian civil engineer and a founder of Gutteridge Haskins & Davey (now known as the GHD Group).

Early life
Gordon Gutteridge was born in Launceston, Tasmania. He was the son of a medical doctor, and one of five children. His brother Hal was an engineer and later became mayor of the City of Westminster in London. Gordon attended Melbourne Grammar School and later studied engineering at Melbourne University.

War service
Gutteridge was on holiday in the US at the declaration of World War I. He immediately went to Calgary, Alberta, Canada, and enlisted in the Canadian army the day after war was declared. During World War 1, Gutteridge served at the battles of Ypres and the Somme. He was seriously wounded and taken prisoner. He made two unsuccessful escape attempts.

Career
At the end of the war he returned to Canada for demobilisation, then back to Melbourne to finish his engineering studies. He won a Rockefeller scholarship and completed his master's degree at Harvard University.

Gutteridge was later appointed director of the Commonwealth Division of Public Health Engineering. In 1928 he resigned from that position and commenced private practice in Melbourne. He specialised in water and sewerage schemes, especially in rural Victoria and Tasmania, but also designed other facilities such as abattoirs and saleyards.

In 1929, Gordon Gutteridge was elected a member of the Kew City Council, and was mayor of Kew in 1933–34.

The practice of Gordon Gutteridge merged with that of Gerald Haskins and Geoffrey Davey to form GHD in 1939.

After the outbreak of World War 2, Gutteridge and his firm became involved in the design and construction of military camps and training schools. He travelled widely to investigate the state of the art in these facilities in the UK, the US and Canada.

Gutteridge had always suffered poor health and the effects of his World War 1 injuries never left him. He collapsed at his desk in February 1942 and did not recover.

References

1892 births
1942 deaths
Australian civil engineers
Harvard University alumni
University of Melbourne alumni
Canadian Expeditionary Force soldiers
Canadian prisoners of war in World War I
World War I prisoners of war held by Germany
Canadian military personnel of World War I
20th-century Australian engineers
Lev Korolyov (scientist). Lev Nikolayevich Korolyov (also Korolev, ; 6 September 1926 – 5 January 2016) was a Russian / Soviet computer scientist,   a corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences. He was involved in the development of  the first Soviet computers.

Biography 
Korolev was born in Podolsk, Russia.  After Army service, he graduated from  Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics, Moscow State University in 1952.  In 1953-1975 Korolev worked at the Institute of Precise Mechanics and Computer Engineering of academician S.A. Lebedev, and became his deputy.  He died in Moscow in 2016 at the age of 89.

Professional career
He worked on the development of  software for  the BESM built in 1953, the first large Russian computer, and its subsequent models

In 1956 Korolev created one of the first programs for the BESM for machine translation of written text from English into Russian. In 1960 he was awarded the degree "Kandidat in Physical and Mathematical Sciences" for a thesis on the theory of machine translation.

He headed the team which wrote control software for ballistic missile defense, using the computers M-40 and M-50. For this research, Korolev was awarded doctorate in 1967.
His team produced the first operating system for BESM-6, a batch processing system later named "Dispatcher-68".
 
In 1981 Korolev was elected a corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences at the Department of Mathematics.

Korolev has held a chair at the Moscow State University Department of Computational Mathematics and Cybernetics since its founding in 1970.

Korolev wrote over 80 scientific publications, including   10 monographs and textbooks. Two of them, Structures of Electronic Computers and their mathematical basis, Moscow, ‘Nauka', 1974 (2nd ed., 1978) and Microprocessors, micro- and mini-computer, Moscow, ‘Nauka', 1984 are the most significant. Among his students are two academicians of the Russian Academy of Sciences and over 40 scientists with "Doktor Nauk" and Kandidat Nauk degrees. In 1997 L .N. Korolev was awarded "Honorable professorship of the MSU".
Korolev received the USSR State Prize (1969), the Prize of the USSR Council of Ministers (1982), the Lomonosov Prize of the MSU (1995).   and the  Order of Lenin,  Order of the October Revolution, and Order of the Patriotic War.

References

External links 
Biography of L. N. Korolev  at Virtual Museum Computer.
 Lev Korolyov — scientific works on the website Math-Net.Ru

1926 births
2016 deaths
Russian computer scientists
Russian inventors
Soviet computer scientists
Recipients of the USSR State Prize
Corresponding Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
People from Podolsk
Demolition belt. In military terminology, a demolition belt is a selected land area sown with explosive charges, mines, and other available obstacles to deny use of the land to enemy operations, and as a protection to friendly troops. 

There are two types of demolition belt:
 A primary demolition belt is a continuous series of obstacles across the whole front, selected by the division or higher commander. The preparation of such a belt is normally a priority engineer task.
 A subsidiary demolition belt is a supplement to the primary belt to give depth in front or behind or to protect the flanks.

See also 

Camouflet

References
	

Area denial weapons
Force protection tactics
Military terminology of the United States
EPIC (form factor). Embedded Platform for Industrial Computing (EPIC) is a computer form factor, a standard for an industrial-quality single-board computer, in use from about 2004 through 2016.

History
The EPIC standard was developed by a combined effort from WinSystems, VersaLogic,  Octagon Systems, Micro/sys, and Ampro.  Single board computers using this standard were available as early as 2004.
The EPIC-SBC group had a web site until about 2016.

EPIC modules are  in size, between PC/104-Plus and Embedded Board eXpandable (EBX) standards. 
It supported both PC/104 and PC/104-Plus expansion, for which hundreds of I/O modules were available. I/O connections can be either pin headers or PC-style connectors. The standard provides specific I/O zones to implement functions such as Ethernet, serial ports, digital and analog I/O, video, wireless, and various application-specific interfaces. It also supported serial buses like PCI Express.

References

Motherboard form factors
Equinalysis. Equinalysis is a computer software program designed to capture and analyse equine locomotion by visually tracking and quantifying biomechanical data. The system was developed in 2004 by consultant farrier, Haydn Price with the intent of allowing veterinarians, farriers, horse trainers and physiotherapists to highlight subtle changes in a horse's locomotion and provide a video record of how a horse's movements change during the course of its working life. This then allows the user to improve the horse's performance with various techniques and treatment plans, such as appropriate shoeing regimes.

Operation

For the analysis, polystyrene markers are placed at specific points on the horse's limbs, mainly over the joints. Then the horse is walked and trotted in-hand, and filmed with a video camera from all angles on a hard, flat surface. The information is then collated and downloaded on to a CD or DVD, which is analyzed on a computer by an accredited individual. The specialist software program records the movement of the markers and produces data that can be used to quantify stride length, body symmetry, joint flexion and extension, and soundness. The resulting baseline of facts - which is presented in a hard-copy portfolio of information for future reference - then provides the horse owner with a valuable 'baseline measurement' of movement and soundness.

Reliability 
A 2011 study published in the Journal of Equine Veterinary Science found the system did not produce repeatable data from day to day, and was therefore not sufficiently reliable for use in clinical evaluations of equine lameness.

See also

Skeletal system of the horse

References

Horse anatomy
Animal physiology
NetEqualizer. The NetEqualizer is a bandwidth shaping appliance designed for voice and data networks, created by APconnections in 2003. NetEqualizer traffic shaping appliances use built-in behavior-based algorithms to automatically shape traffic during peak periods on the network. When the network is congested, the fairness algorithms favor business class applications at the expense of large file downloads.  The favored applications include those such as VoIP, web browsing, web-based applications, chat and email.  Traffic is prioritized based on the nature of the traffic, so the NetEqualizer remains Net Neutral.

The NetEqualizer also provides quality of service (QoS) through rate limiting, shared limits, and quota. New in 2015 is a DDoS Monitor. In addition, the NetEqualizer can be configured to control both encrypted an unencrypted peer-to-peer file sharing (P2P) traffic.

Add-on modules include directory integration (NDI), caching (NCO), and a DDoS Firewall.

The NetEqualizer has been implemented by colleges, universities, libraries, hotels, and businesses around the world. The appliance is currently being used in the rebuilding efforts in both Iraq and Afghanistan.

APconnections is a privately held company founded in 2003 and is based in Lafayette, Colorado.

References

Network performance
Lafayette, Colorado
Şaban Erden. Şaban Erden who was born in Kırklareli in 1949, was the Deputy Secretary General of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality.

After the high school education at Kabataş Erkek Lisesi (Kabataş Erkek Lisesi), he graduated from the Civil Engineering Faculty of Istanbul Technical University (İTÜ) in 1972 with a Master of Science degree in Civil Engineering. He worked at the Ministry of Public Works and Settlement at Bandırma District Directorate as a Control Engineer during the construction of Bandirma Harbour. He completed his military service in 1974 and 1975. Afterwards, he worked for Azot Sanayii A.Ş., TÜGSAŞ A.Ş., Türkiye Milk Industry Company (SEK) and for the Prime Ministry Housing Development Administration (TOKİ). On 5.5.1994, while he was working at Gebze Institute of Technology as the Construction Works and Technical Department Director, he was assigned to Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality as the Director of the Department of Construction. Erden then became the Director at the Department of Projects in April 2001, and was appointed as Deputy Secretary General responsible from development activities in June 2002. Later, in February 2007, he was assigned as the Deputy Secretary General responsible for projects. Mr.Erden has three sons: İbrahim, Fatih and Salih. He speaks Turkish, Bosnian and French. He is a member of the board of trustees at International University of Sarajevo (IUS).

See also
 Kadir Topbaş

External links
Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality
International University of Sarajevo

1949 births
Living people
People from Kırklareli
Istanbul Technical University alumni
Date of birth missing (living people)
Kabataş Erkek Lisesi alumni
Civil Aviation Department Revathi. 

The Civil Aviation Department Revathi was a light utility aircraft designed in India principally for use by that country's flying clubs.

Description
The Revathi was a conventional, low-wing monoplane with fixed tailwheel undercarriage and two seats side-by-side with an optional third seat behind them. The fuselage construction was of welded steel tube, with the forward section skinned in aluminium and the tail section in fabric. The wings were of all-metal construction and originally fitted with wooden flaps and ailerons that were later replaced with metal surfaces. The tail surfaces were also originally wooden but later replaced with metal.

Development
The Revathi first flew on 13 January 1967 and received Indian type certification in January 1969.

The prototype's wings and fuel system were later revised, and the resulting configuration was designated the Revathi Mk.II.  It first flew in this configuration on 20 May 1970.  It received its Indian type certificate on 31 October 1972.

Specifications (Mk.II)

References

Further reading
 
 

1960s Indian civil utility aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Revathi
Aircraft first flown in 1967
CNNA HL-1. The CNNA HL-1 was a light utility aircraft developed in Brazil in 1940. It was a high-wing strut-braced monoplane with fixed tailskid undercarriage and seating for two persons in tandem.

Development
The design was developed by Henrique Lage as a two-seat cabin monoplane, bearing a strong resemblance to the contemporary Piper Cub. It was produced by the Cia Nacionale de Navegaçao Aéreo (CNNA) as the HL-1. Most of the aircraft were purchased by Brazilian aeroclubs, funded by the government's National Aviation Campaign (Campanha Nacional de Aviação) to train pilots for military service. Production continued until 1950 and a small number were exported to neighbouring countries.

Variants
HL-1A
Eight were built.
HL-1B
Main production version with smaller fuel tank than original design.
HL-1C
One prototype constructed
HL-5
Floatplane version.  One prototype constructed.

Specifications

References

Further reading

External links
 São Paulo Technical Museum website

HL-1
1940s Brazilian civil utility aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1940
Single-engined piston aircraft
Maximum allowable operating pressure. Maximum Allowable Operating Pressure (MAOP) is a pressure limit set, usually by a government body, which applies to compressed gas pressure vessels, pipelines, and storage tanks. For pipelines, this value is derived from Barlow's Formula, which takes into account wall thickness, diameter, allowable stress (which is a function of the material used), and a safety factor.

The MAOP is less than the MAWP (maximum allowable working pressure).  MAWP is defined as the maximum pressure based on the design codes that the weakest component of a pressure vessel can handle. Commonly standard wall thickness components are used in fabricating pressurized equipment,  and hence are able to withstand pressures above their design pressure. The MAWP is the pressure stamped on the pressure equipment, and the pressure that must not be exceeded in operation.

Design pressure is the pressure a pressurized item is designed to, and is higher than any expected operating pressures. Due to the availability of standard wall thickness materials, many components will have a MAWP higher than the required design pressure.  For pressure vessels, all pressures are defined as being at highest point of the unit in the operating position, and do not include static head pressure.  The equipment designer needs to account for the higher pressures occurring at some components due to static head pressure.

Relief valves are set at the design pressure of the pressurized item and sized to prevent the item under pressure from being over-pressurized.  Depending on the design code that the pressurized item is designed,  an over-pressure allowance can be used when sizing the relief valve.  This is +10% for PD 5500,  and ASME Section VIII div 1 & 2 (with an additional +10% allowance in ASME Section VIII for a fire relief case).  ASME has different criteria for steam boilers.

Maximum expected operating pressure (MEOP) is the highest expected operating pressure, which is synonymous with maximum operating pressure (MOP).

See also 
 Massachusetts gas explosions - a series of gas-related explosions and fires caused by gas pipelines that had exceeded their MAOP

References 

Fluid dynamics
Pressure vessels
CNNA HL-2. The CNNA HL-2 was a utility aircraft designed in Brazil in 1940. It was a low-wing twin-engine monoplane intended to seat six people or for airmail use. Of wooden construction, an emphasis was placed on the use of native timbers to build the aircraft. Before the prototype was complete, however, the project was abandoned.

References
 
 São Paulo Technical Museum website

Abandoned civil aircraft projects
HL-2
1940s Brazilian civil utility aircraft
Twin-engined piston aircraft
CNNA HL-3. The CNNA HL-3 was a civil trainer aircraft developed in Brazil in 1941.

Development
CNNA had already benefited from the Brazilian government's decision to invest in a pilot training campaign and hoped that a dedicated trainer aircraft would attract even more sales.  To that end, the HL-3 was proposed, and one prototype was constructed and flown.  Unfortunately for the firm, this was not to be the case, and no official interest was shown.

The HL-3 was a two-place light aircraft powered by a  horizontally-opposed four-cylinder piston engine.

An improved version with a more powerful  engine was designated the CNNA HL-4, but this didn't sell either.

References

Further reading

External links
 

HL-3
1940s Brazilian civil trainer aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1942
Single-engined piston aircraft
Rolling ball sculpture. A rolling ball sculpture (sometimes referred to as a marble run, ball run, gravitram, kugelbahn (German: 'ball track'), or rolling ball machine) is a form of kinetic art – an art form that contains moving pieces – that specifically involves one or more rolling balls.

A version where marbles compete in a race to win is called a marble race.

Toys

People make toys out of rolling ball sculptures.

World records

The tallest rolling ball sculpture in the world, at  tall, is named the Energy Machine, and located in the Hong Kong Science Museum in Hong Kong.

According to Guinness World Records, the longest marble run is 2,858.9 meters long and was completed in Switzerland in September 2017.

See also
George Rhoads
Rube Goldberg machine
Bruce Gray (sculptor)
Perplexus
Rolling ball clock
Jelle's Marble Runs

References

External links
David Morrell (sculptor)
 Matthew Gaulden

Modern art
Types of sculpture
Kinetic art