omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
TKM Institute of Technology. Thangal Kunju Musaliar Institute of Technology ( TKM Institute of Technology) (Malayalam: തങ്ങള്‍ കുഞ്ഞു മുസല്യാര്‍ സാങ്കേതിക വിദ്യാപീഠം) (Hindi:थंगल कुंजू मुसलिअर प्रोद्योगिकी संस्थान) is an institute of engineering and technology located in Karuvelil, 23 km from the city of Kollam, Kerala, India. Earlier the institute was affiliated by Cochin University of Science and Technology(CUSAT). Now the institute is affiliated by APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University (KTU).

Overview
TKM Institute of Technology is affiliated to the APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University and All India Council of Technical Education. The institute offers undergraduate and Postgraduate courses in various streams of engineering. It is close to the technology and industrial campus of Technopark, Kollam.

History
TKM Institute of Technology was started functioning in the year 2002. The college was established by the TKM College Trust with the approval of the AICTE and affiliation of APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University.

The TKM College Trust was registered as an educational trust on 20 December 1956, by Thangal Kunju Musaliar, an eminent educationalist and the doyen of the cashew industry.

Admission
The admission procedure and the fee structure is decided by the Government of Kerala. A certain percentage of seats are reserved for the children of non-resident Indians (NRIs).

Departments
 Dept of Biomedical Engineering
 Dept of Civil Engineering
 Dept of Mechanical Engineering 
 Dept of Computer Science Engineering
 Dept of Food Technology
 Dept of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

References

http://www.highereducationinindia.com/institutes/tkm-institute-of-technology-32.php - TKMIT

External links
 TKM institute of Technology, Computer Science Department National Conference website
 Study Guide India

Engineering colleges in Kollam district
Martian Summer. Martian Summer: Robot Arms, Cowboy Spacemen, and My 90 Days with the Phoenix Mars Mission is a book written by Andrew Kessler. The book documents Andrew Kessler's three-month stint in mission control of the NASA Phoenix expedition, led by Peter Smith and based at the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory of the University of Arizona. The mission attempted (successfully) to locate evidence of water on Mars.

Andrew Kessler is the founder and CEO of Togather.com, an event marketing platform based in DUMBO. Formerly a creative director at HUGE, he co-produced Mars: The Quest for Life on the Discovery Channel and holds a degree in mathematics from the University of California, Berkeley. Kessler is currently based in Brooklyn, NY.

Monobookist Bookstore 
To celebrate the launch of his book, Andrew Kessler opened a pop-up store in the West Village of Manhattan. Inside, the shelves were stocked with more than 3000 copies of Martian Summer. Kessler described the project as a "Monobookist Bookstore".

References

External links 
 
 Andrew Kessler on Twitter
 NASA Phoenix website
 UA Lunar and Planetary Laboratory homepage

2011 non-fiction books
Mars
Spaceflight books
Paracomp. Paracomp was a Macintosh programming company known for their 3D software, Swivel 3D and ModelShop and FilmMaker. FilmMaker was known for its packaging which was a 16 mm film reel tin, which was used to contain the software and manuals. Paracomp was also the publisher of the computer algebra system Milo, which was the first program on Macintosh able to perform symbolic computation using standard math notation. Paracomp was acquired by MacroMind in 1991 to briefly form MacroMind-Paracomp, before adding Authorware in 1992 and becoming Macromedia.

References

Software companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area
Defunct software companies of the United States
Station Area Traffic Improvement Scheme. Station Area Traffic Improvement Scheme (SATIS) is a World Bank funded station area traffic improvement project. It is implemented by Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA) and Thane Municipal Corporation. This project is executed under Mumbai Urban Transport Project road component. The project aims at easing commuter and pedestrian movement by building skywalks, foot over bridges, separate parking areas for auto-rickshaws and taxis at four crowded suburban railway stations Borivali, Dadar, Chembur and Ghatkopar implement by MMRDA and Thane SATIS is implemented by Thane Municipal Corporation. On 22 October 2022, MMRDA announced new SATIS implementation at Ambernath railway station.

Bandra SATIS
Under this project, MMRDA built city's first skywalk on eastern side of Bandra Railway Station. It is 1.3 km long & four meter wide skywalk built at cost of . The skywalk is on the eastern side of Bandra railway station and it goes till Bandra Kurla Complex.

Thane SATIS
Under this project Thane station has a completely elevated deck for TMT Buses and an elevated concourse for suburban ticket booking office. Which is connected to existing foot over bridges of Thane railway station. It is also has two skywalks on the south end and north end of the station. These foot over bridges are aligned with the elevated decks so that commuters can directly enter and exit through elevated decks and also directly connected to railway stations foot over bridges. This skywalk has been built at a cost of .

References

External links
SATIS wins award, but zero marks for cleanliness!

Rail transport in Mumbai
Transport in Thane district
Kappa–mechanism. The kappa opacity mechanism is the driving mechanism behind the changes in luminosity of many types of pulsating variable stars.  The term Eddington valve has been used for this mechanism, but this is increasingly obsolete.

Here, the Greek letter kappa (κ) is used to indicate the radiative opacity at any particular depth of the stellar atmosphere. In a normal star, an increase in compression of the atmosphere causes an increase in temperature and density; this produces a decrease in the opacity of the atmosphere, allowing energy to escape more rapidly. The result is an equilibrium condition where temperature and pressure are maintained in a balance. However, in cases where the opacity increases with temperature, the atmosphere becomes unstable against pulsations. If a layer of a stellar atmosphere moves inward, it becomes denser and more opaque, causing heat flow to be checked. In return, this heat increase causes a build-up of pressure that pushes the layer back out again. The result is a cyclic process as the layer repeatedly moves inward and then is forced back out again.

Stellar non-adiabatic pulsation resulting from the κ–mechanism occurs in regions where hydrogen and helium are partly ionized, or where there are negative hydrogen ions. An example of such a zone is in RR Lyrae variables where the partial second ionization of helium occurs. Hydrogen ionization is most likely the cause of pulsation activity in Mira variables, rapidly oscillating Ap stars (roAp) and ZZ Ceti variables. In Beta Cephei variables, stellar pulsations occur at a depth where the temperature reaches approximately 200,000 K and there is an abundance of iron. The increase in the opacity of iron at this depth is known as the Z bump, where Z is the astronomical symbol for elements other than hydrogen and helium.

References

Further reading
 Princeton lesson on radial pulsation, with kappa and epsilon mechanism
 Pulsating Stars: Stars that Breathe, Presentation of Swinburne University of Technology, 2010
 
 
 
  In Fig. 15.8 at p. 399 there is a schematic representation of the variations of V magnitude, radial velocity, radius with respect to the minimum radius and effective temperature of a classical Cepheid (δ Ceph) over one period.

Variable stars
Douglas DA-1 Ambassador. The Douglas DA-1 Ambassador was an American single-engined light aircraft of the 1920s. It was a single-engined parasol-wing monoplane intended for private use, but only a single example was built, which was destroyed in a crash landing, causing development to be abandoned.

Design and development
In 1926 the Douglas Aircraft Company designed and built a single example of the Commuter, a small two-seat high-wing monoplane intended as an inexpensive private aircraft. Boeing was busy building aircraft for the military, while there was severe competition at the cheap end of the market for private aircraft, so no production followed. Douglas did not completely abandon the private aircraft market, however, as the same year it started the design of a new, more capable light aircraft, the Douglas DA-1.

The DA-1 was a parasol-wing monoplane, with a fixed tailwheel undercarriage and powered by a 220 hp (164 kW) Wright Whirlwind radial engine. Unlike the mainly wooden Commuter, the DA-1 was of mixed construction, with the fuselage having a metal structure and the wings having spruce spars and ribs made of spruce with a plywood covering.  It had tandem cockpits, and could carry two passengers in addition to the pilot, or be rigged with dual controls for pilot training.
  
Detailed design and construction proceeded slowly owing to Douglas's heavy workload, and the prototype DA-1, which had been ordered by Ambassador Airways of Texas, was not flown until September 1928. It was displayed at the 1928 National Air Races, and at air races at El Paso, Texas later that year, but while being flown back from El Paso to Douglas's factory at Santa Monica, California with Donald Douglas as passenger, it crashed on takeoff. Although no one was injured, the aircraft's undercarriage was wrecked, with the aircraft not being repaired, and no further examples being built.

Specifications

Notes

References

Francillon, René J. McDonnell Douglas Aircraft since 1920. London:Putnam, 1979. .

External links

Photo.

DA-1
1920s United States civil utility aircraft
Parasol-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1928
Namibian Institute of Mining and Technology. The Namibian Institute of Mining and Technology (NIMT) is a technical vocational training institute in Arandis, Namibia, established in 1991. It had 4,000 students and 270 staff , Eckhart Mueller was its executive director until he was murdered with his deputy on 15 April 2019. NIMT offers courses in mining, manufacturing and engineering. In 2007, De Beers donated N$2.1 million to open a second northern campus and in November of that year a campus was opened in Tsumeb. NIMT also operates a campus in Keetmanshoop in southern Namibia.

NIMT produces between 300 and 500 graduates a year who go on to be employed by the mining industry of Namibia.

See also
 Education in Namibia
 List of universities in Namibia

References

Education in Erongo Region
Education in Oshikoto Region
Mining in Namibia
Tsumeb
Universities in Namibia
Universities and colleges established in 1991
1991 establishments in Namibia
Kawasaki Steel Corporation. Kawasaki Steel Corporation (Kawasaki Seitetsu) was a Japanese steel manufacturing company.

History
Originally forming the Steel Making Department of Kawasaki Heavy Industries, the Kawasaki Steel Corporation was incorporated in August 1950 following the post-World War II breakup of the Kawasaki Dockyard. It was headed by a Japanese engineer Nishiyama Yatarō, who had convinced Kawasaki Heavy Industries to perform the breakup. At this point in time the company was using open hearth furnaces, but during the 1950s it built an integrated steel mill located at Chiba Works on reclaimed land in Chiba City.

The blooming process of the Chiba Works was first placed under computer control in 1962. In 1966, the company began manufacturing iron powders. It added reduced iron powder and atomized powder manufacturing in 1978, then segregation-free iron powder in 1989. In 1989, it entered into a limit partnership with United States steel company Armco. The company was renamed AK Steel Holding in 1993 when it became publicly traded. In 2000, the price war resulting from the so-called Ghosn shock impacted the business performance of steel manufacturers such as Kawasaki Steel. During the resulting credit crisis, NKK and Kawasaki Steel decided to merge their businesses in April 2001. This merger was completed in September 2002, forming JFE Holdings.

Involvement in Japanese football
The original Kawasaki Steel Mizushima football (soccer) club was formed in Mizushima, a section of Kurashiki, Okayama Prefecture, in 1966. In 1975, some "old boy" players formed their own club in the same area, naming it River Free Kickers. In 1995, the main club moved to Kobe, Hyōgo Prefecture, and became today's Vissel Kobe; the fan club remained in Okayama Prefecture but moved to Okayama city in 2004, becoming today's Fagiano Okayama.

References

Steel companies of Japan
Manufacturing companies established in 1950
Japanese companies established in 1950
2002 mergers and acquisitions
Sinara Transport Machines. Sinara Transport Machines () is a Russian transportation vehicle manufacturing and engineering company based in Yekaterinburg. The company was established in 2007 as a division of the Sinara Group.

Subsidiaries
The division incorporates the following subsidiaries:
 Trading House STM
 Ural Diesel Engine Plant
 Lyudinovsky Locomotive Plant
 Center for Innovation Development STM
 Kaluga Plant of Track Machines and Hydraulic Drives
 STM-Service
 SinaraPromTrans
 Ural Locomotives: a joint venture with Siemens created in 2010; manufacturing facilities were based at the Ural Railway Engineering Plant.

STM research centre
The STM research centre (ООО Центр инновационного развития CТМ) was created in 2010 to develop new railway locomotives and technologies.

References

External links
 Official website

Locomotive manufacturers of Russia
Sinara Group
Diesel engine manufacturers
Manufacturing companies based in Yekaterinburg
Engine manufacturers of Russia
Lyudinovsky Locomotive Plant. Lyudinovsky Locomotive Plant () is a plant in Lyudinovsky founded in 1745. In 2007 the works became part of Sinara Transport Machines.

 it produces shunting locomotives with both hydraulic transmission: TGM3B (ТГМ4Б) and TGM6A (ТГМ6Д), and electrical transmission: TEM7A (ТЭМ7А) and TEM9  (ТЭМ9).

History 
The construction of a plant called the Lyudinovo Ironworks was started in 1732 by Nikita Nikitovich Demidov, son of a Tula armourer and manufacturer, on the basis of the iron ore deposits in Jizdra. Completed in 1745. The factory specialised in cast iron smelting and manufacture of simple metal products.

In 1820 Lyudinovo ironworks together with neighbouring villages and lands was bought by I.A.Maltsov. His son S. I. Maltsov changes the specialization of the enterprise. Since 1820 the plant starts producing transport and power machines. In 1841 the first rails for Nikolayevskaya railway were produced at the plant. 

In 1844 construction of the first domestic steamships that later opened navigation on the Desna, Dnjepr and Volga rivers began. Since the second half of XIX century the plant became one of the centres of domestic steam locomotive building.

Gallery

References

External links
 

Locomotive manufacturers of Russia
Sinara Group
Companies based in Kaluga Oblast
Companies established in 1745
Ural Locomotives. Ural Locomotives () is a railway engineering company. It was initially formed as a joint venture between Sinara Transport Machines and Siemens in 2010. Following the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Siemens exited Russia in May 2022, with Sinara Group taking full control a month later.

The manufacturing facilities are based at the Ural Railway Engineering Plant in Verkhnyaya Pyshma, which was incorporated into the Sinara Group in 2004.

In October 2004, the plant began collaboration with RZD with the aim of production of electric freight locomotives.

History
The Ural Railway Engineering Plant was formed to locate a DC electric freight locomotive production site within Russian territory; formerly, during the Soviet era DC electric locomotive production in the USSR had been located in Tbilisi in Georgia.

Initially the plant was involved in the upgrading of electric locomotives of type VL11 (ВЛ11), by 2006 the plant had produced the first unit of electric locomotive 2ES6 (2ЭС6), which was certified for use by 2008. By 2009 production capacity for up to 60 twin-unit locomotives per year had been installed.

In 2010 a joint venture with Siemens (49% Siemens holding) named ООО "Уральские локомотивы" (Ural Locomotives) was formed to produce electric freight locomotives utilising asynchronous traction. The Sinara Group production facilities in Russia were to be based at the factory in Verkhnyaya Pyshma. The joint venture included a technology transfer agreement, with electrical traction components manufactured at Siemens' St. Petersburg plant "Сименс Электропривод". The locomotive produced as a result of the venture were the 2ES10 (2ЭС10) type. The first 2ES10 unit was produced in early 2011.

Following the exit of Siemens from Russia in May 2022, Siemens Mobility filed a lawsuit claiming Ural Locomotives had not paid them 799 million rubles for equipment supplied under a 2018 contract, in addition to penalty charges.

An order for 41 trainsets was placed with Ural Locomotives, following a similar order for 2 pre-series trains, in September 2024, for service on the Moscow-Saint Petersburg high speed railway.

References

External links
 Official

Locomotive manufacturers of Russia
Russian brands
Sinara Group
Siemens
Companies based in Sverdlovsk Oblast
Tumblewing. A tumblewing or "tumble wing" or "tumbling wing" is a glider or kite wing design which rotates about an axis transverse to the apparent wind, not necessarily horizontal. Tumble wings are frequently employed in wind turbines (such as the Savonius design), and are also used in some types of confetti. 

Tumble wings may be made of any material that supports some stiffness for form, such as paper, plastic, metal, composites or wood. Many leaves falling from trees become tumble wing gliders.

Tumbling wings generate lift by alternately flying and stalling as the angle of incidence changes with the spinning motion (see magnus effect and flettner rotor). Its mode of flight is more akin to confetti than traditional fixed-wing aircraft; however, several model aircraft, such as flettner airplanes, have been built with tumbling wings for lift. Tumble wings are employed as the wing of kite systems, a type of rotary kite, and many such patents exist.

Because it does not need ballast, the tumblewing design has a lower wing loading and makes a good walkalong glider which is easy to make and fly.

See also

References

External links

  The Vortex I a Tumblewing Glider
 The Paper Airplane Guy teaches how to make the Tumbling Wing
 Tumblewing instructions from sciencetoymaker.org
 How to build and fly a Big Mouth type tumblewing
 How to fly a tumblewing type glider
 Video of Radio Controlled Airplane with tumbling wings
 Video of Dihedral Magnus Effect Glider

Model aircraft
Continental Automobile Manufacturing Company. This Continental car was built by the University Automobile Company located in New Haven. It was renamed the Continental Automobile Manufacturing Company in 1908. Chief engineer was C. S. Johnson. There is no known connection with other Continental automobiles.

The New Haven-built Continentals had front-mounted four-cylinder engines. Pictures indicate that power was brought to the rear wheels by a pair of chains. These cars are easily recognizable by their perfectly round radiator and barrel-shaped hood. There was a large script reading "Continental" and "New Haven" in the underlining.

The model line-up for 1907-1908 was as follows:

A Continental runabout driven by Johnson at the Yale University Automobile Club spring 1907 meet did a mile in a minute. Three Continentals participated in the 1907 Glidden Tour, C.S. Johnson among them. He did not finish the tour as he was arrested for speeding and the collision with a trolley in Dayton (Ohio).

Notes

References
 Kimes, Beverly Rae (editor) and Clark, Henry Austin, jr. ;”The Standard Catalogue of American Cars”, 2. edition, Krause Publications, Iola WI 54990, USA (1985), , p. 357

Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United States
Luxury motor vehicle manufacturers
Defunct manufacturing companies based in Connecticut
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1907
Falconar Golden Hawk. The Falconar Golden Hawk is a Canadian tandem seat, pusher configuration, tricycle gear, canard-equipped ultralight aircraft that is offered in kit form by Falconar Avia of Edmonton, Alberta.

Design and development
The Golden Hawk traces its lineage to the American Aerolights Falcon of 1983. After Falcon production ended, three companies produced versions of the design. Team Falcon restarted production in 1998 with their Falcon 2000, Falcon East produced one with their Peregrine Falcon and Falconar Avia produced one and termed their version of the design the Golden Hawk.

The design has a composite fuselage and strut-braced wings made from aluminium and covered in doped aircraft fabric. The tip rudders and canard are also fabric-covered. The main landing gear is equipped with hydraulic disk brakes. The aircraft can be disassembled in ten minutes for ground transportation on a trailer or for storage.

The canard surface controls pitch, while roll is via conventional ailerons. Yaw is controlled with wing-tip rudders. The aircraft is advertised as spin-proof.

The Golden Hawk has been well received. Reviewer Andre Cliche described it as "a fantastic-looking aircraft that has no equal to stimulate the public's interest. Because of its futuristic looks Hollywood has used it several times in movies."

Variants

American Aerolights Falcon
Initial production version, introduced in 1983. Production ended by about 1984.
Team Falcon Falcon 2000
Improved production version introduced in 1998. Features longer landing gear to accommodate a large diameter propeller.
Falcon East Peregrine Falcon
FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles category single seater with a Rotax 447 powerplant of  and a glide ratio of 14:1.
Falconar ARV-1L Golden Hawk
Earlier production version, powered by a Hirth 2703 powerplant of  or other two-stroke engines of .
Falconar ARV-1K Golden Hawk
Current production version, powered by a Hirth 2703 powerplant of  or other two-stroke engines of .

Specifications (Golden Hawk)

References

External links

Official website archive
Photo of Golden Hawk

1980s Canadian ultralight aircraft
Canard aircraft
Golden Hawk
Single-engined pusher aircraft
High-wing aircraft
American Aerolights aircraft