omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
List of inorganic reactions. Well-known types of reactions that involve inorganic compounds include:

 Alkylation
 Alkyne trimerisation
 Alkyne metathesis
 Aminolysis
 Amination
 Arylation
 Barbier reaction
 Beta-hydride elimination
 Birch reduction
 Bönnemann cyclization
 Bromination
 Buchwald–Hartwig coupling
 Cadiot–Chodkiewicz coupling
 Calcination
 Carbometalation
 Carbothermal reduction
 Carbonation
 Carbonylation
 Castro–Stephens coupling
 Clemmensen reduction
 Chain walking
 Chan–Lam coupling
 Chlorination
 Comproportionation
 C–C coupling
 C–H activation
 Cyanation
 Cyclometalation
 Decarbonylation
 Decarboxylation
 Dehydration
 Dehalogenation
 Dehydrogenation
 Dehydrohalogenation
 Deprotonation
 Desilylation
 Dimerisation
 Disproportionation
 Dötz reaction
 Eder reaction
 Electromerism
 Electron transfer (inner sphere and outer sphere)
 Étard reaction
 Fenton oxidation
 Fischer–Tropsch process
 Fluorination
 Formylation
 Fowler process
 Fukuyama coupling
 Glaser coupling
 Gomberg–Bachmann reaction
 Haber–Weiss reaction
 Halcon process
 Halogenation
 Hay coupling
 Heck reaction
 Heck–Matsuda reaction
 Hiyama coupling
 Hofmann-Sand reaction
 Homolysis
 Huisgen cycloaddition
 Hydride reduction
 Hydroamination
 Hydration
 Hydroboration
 Hydrocarboxylation
 Hydrocyanation
 Hydrodesulfurization
 Hydroformylation
 Hydrogenation
 Hydrohalogenation
 Hydrolysis
 Hydrometalation
 Hydrosilylation
 Iodination
 Isomerisation
 Jones oxidation
 Kulinkovich reaction
 Kumada coupling
 Lemieux–Johnson oxidation
 Ley oxidation
 Linkage isomerization
 Luche reduction
 McMurry reaction
 Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley reduction
 Mercuration
 Methylation
 Migratory insertion
 Negishi coupling
 Nicholas reaction
 Nitrosylation
 Noyori asymmetric hydrogenation
 Olefin polymerization
 Oppenauer oxidation
 Oxidation
 Oxidative addition
 Oxygenation
 Oxymercuration reaction
 Pauson–Khand reaction
 Photodissociation
 Pseudorotation
 Protonation
 Protonolysis
 Proton-coupled electron transfer
 Racemization
 Redox reactions (see list of oxidants and reductants)
 Reduction
 Reductive elimination
 Reppe synthesis
 Riley oxidation
 Salt metathesis
 Sarett oxidation
 Sharpless epoxidation
 Shell higher olefin process
 Silylation
 Simmons–Smith reaction
 Sonogashira coupling
 Staudinger reaction
 Stille reaction
 Sulfidation
 Suzuki reaction
 Transmetalation
 Ullmann reaction
 Upjohn dihydroxylation
 Wacker process
 Water gas shift reaction
 Water oxidation
 Wurtz coupling
 Ziegler-Natta polymerization

See also

 List of organic reactions
 Named inorganic compounds
 List of inorganic compounds
 Inorganic compounds by element

Inorganic reactions
Detrainment device. A detrainment device is equipment on a rail vehicle that provides an evacuation route for the passengers.  It usually consists of a set of steps or a ramp, located at a doorway, allowing passengers to leave the vehicle in an emergency, vehicle breakdown or accident.

A detrainment device is moved from a stored location into an operational position, usually above the coupler at the end of a passenger car.  A detrainment device may consist of a manually placed, hinged, foldable or telescopic ladder or ramp.  A detrainment device may allow evacuation to track level, or to a coupled railcar. A detrainment device may be fitted with handrails.

In other cases, evacuation may be via the vehicle passenger side doors to a trackside walkway in a tunnel, without the use of a detrainment device.

Types 

Examples of the main types of detrainment device currently in service include:

Steps, stored loose inside the driver's cab or the passenger saloon
 Historically the most common arrangement

Hinged steps, stored inside the driver's cab or the passenger saloon
 London Underground S Stock

Steps, folding, hinging or sliding out from the doorway
 London Underground 1973 Stock (refurbished)
 London Underground 1996 Stock
 British Rail Class 378

Ramp, sliding out from below the doorway
 London Underground 1992 Stock
 Manila Line 2 Stock

Ramp, folding out from the doorway
 MTR Metro Cammell EMU
 MTR Metro Cammell EMU (Disneyland Resort line) stock 
 Kawasaki Heavy Industries C151, Siemens C651, Kawasaki Heavy Industries & Nippon Sharyo C751B, Kawasaki Heavy Industries & CSR Sifang C151A
 Delhi Metro RS2 and RS3 
 Alstom Metropolis C751A – North East line
 PNR 203 Series EMU, Khia 52 Trains, JR 12/14 Series (Ladder Only)
 Hyundai-Rotem MTR K-Stock EMU
 Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit
 MTR Corporation -MTR Corporation C-Train EMU

Tensioned Fabric ramp, deploying from the doorway
 MTR Corporation Airport Express A-Stock EMU
 Siemens Modular Metro and Bombardier Changchun Coaches – Bangkok BTS Skytrain
 KTM Train Coaches (even Tiger Trains)
 Bombardier MOVIA C951 - Downtown line
 Alstom Metropolis C830 and C830C – Circle line
 Alstom Metropolis C751C
 Alstom Metropolis Barcelona Metro line 9

Performance 

User trials on prototype equipment in controlled conditions have indicated that a wide detrainment ramp will allow the evacuation of 2500 passengers in 28 minutes if the ramp, its handrails and the cab and saloon throughways are correctly specified.  Modern detrainment step systems can detrain one person every two seconds.

See also
 Evacuation slide

References

External links 
 YouTube video: How to deploy the emergency detrainment door on the North East Line (Alstom Metropolis C751A)
 Toronto Rocket detrainment device

Passenger rail rolling stock
Railway safety
SZD-51 Junior. The PZL Bielsko SZD-51 Junior is a Polish single-seat training and club sailplane.

Development
The Junior was designed by Stanislaw Zientek, based on the SZD-47 which had originally been developed in the years 1973 - 1974 at the Research and Development Center in Bielsko-Biała.
The prototype SZD-51-0 was first flown on 31 December 1980, and was followed by the production version, the SZD-51-1, with a modified fuselage,
A total of 261 aircraft were built. The type was proposed for licence production in Brazil, but in the event only a single SZD-51-1 was built there.
The simplified SZD-51-2 was a runner up in the IGC World Class design contest.

Description
The SZD-51-1 "Junior" is a single-seat glider of fiberglass construction. Only the rudder is fabric covered. The fuselage has an internal tubular steel frame, a fixed main wheel and a tail wheel. The aircraft has a two-piece wing with a spar. Schempp-Hirth type airbrakes are fitted only on the top surface of the wing. Rudder pedals are adjustable. The control for the rudder is via cables but all other control surfaces are operated by rods. The Junior is characterized by good slow-flight characteristics and is very forgiving in flight. It is designed for early solo and club flying, but is certified for aerobatics and can be equipped for high-altitude flight and cloud flying.

Operational Service 
As of 2014 this glider is currently in use with 3 Wing AAFC of Australian Air Force Cadets.

As of 2024, Southern Cross Gliding Club in Camden, NSW also has a Junior operating.

Specifications (SZD-51-1)

See also

References

Citations

Bibliography
Sailplane Directory

SZD51
1980s Polish sailplanes
SZD aircraft
T-tail aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1980
Operational loads monitoring. Operational loads monitoring (OLM) is a term given to act of investigating the characteristics of a structure in its normal operating environment. This term is often used to describe programs involving aircraft to extending their in-service life in a manner that does not compromise flight safety. A typical program would involve the installation of strain gauges to measure loads, accelerometers to measure g-force and other parameters to support the program or to add value (such as flap position, aircraft altitude, environmental conditions etc.), data acquisition system to process this data and a recorder to save the data for later analysis
. In this way it is very similar to structural health monitoring, a term that is sometimes also used to describe operational loads monitoring. Unlike Health and Usage Monitoring Systems, OLM programs are generally a short term project used to assess the remaining useful safe life of an airframe. This is especially important when an aircraft's role changes as the stresses and strains may now be significantly different from those initially anticipated. OLM program's benefits include a possible increased safe operating life figure and helping to prevent accidents such as the C-130 crash that occurred after the platform had been modified and flown for a different mission (fire fighting).
There are several active OLM programs currently underway, including research initiatives to standardize approaches for civilian aircraft.

References

External links 
 FAA Operational Loads Monitoring Program 

Aircraft maintenance
List of accidents and incidents involving the Lockheed Constellation. The Lockheed Constellation ("Connie") was a propeller-driven airliner powered by four 18-cylinder radial Wright R-3350 engines. It was built by Lockheed between 1943 and 1958 at its Burbank, California, US, facility. A total of 856 aircraft were produced in four models, all distinguished by a triple-tail design and dolphin-shaped fuselage. The Constellation was used as a civilian airliner and as a U.S. military air transport, seeing service in the Berlin Airlift. It was the presidential aircraft for U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower.

Accidents and incidents
Like every other major type in long service and operation, accidents and incidents have been recorded that have substantially reduced the numbers flying. The following list is typical of such a record of operational use. The fatalities listed below only include those who were on board Lockheed Constellations.

1943–1949

1950–1959

1960–1969

1970–1998
Most models of the Lockheed Constellation were retired in the late 1970s by operators in favor of more modern aircraft. The last commercial flight of the L-1049 Super Constellation was in 1993, when the Federal Aviation Administration banned all airlines from the Dominican Republic that flew Constellations to the United States (due to safety concerns). The Dominican airlines were the last operators of any version of the Constellation.

Notes

References

Bibliography

 Birtles, Phillip. Lockheed L-1011 TriStar (Airliner Color History). St. Paul: Minnesota: Motorbooks Intl., 1998. .
 Boyne, Walter J. Beyond the Horizons: The Lockheed Story. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998. .
 Cacutt, Len, ed. “Lockheed Constellation.” Great Aircraft of the World. London: Marshall Cavendish, 1989. .
 Germain, Scott E. Lockheed Constellation and Super Constellation. North Branch, Minnesota: Specialty Press, 1998. .
 Marson, Peter J. The Lockheed Constellation Series. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians), 1982. .
 Pace, Steve. X-Planes: Pushing the Envelope of Flight. Osceola, Wisconsin: Zenith Imprint, 2003. .
 Sampson, Anthony. Empires of the Sky: The Politics, Contest and Cartels of World Airlines. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1985. .
 Smith, M.J. Jr. Passenger Airliners of the United States, 1926–1991. Missoula, Montana: Pictorial Histories Publishing Company, 1986. .
 Stringfellow, Curtis K. and Peter M. Bowers. Lockheed Constellation: A Pictorial History. St. Paul, Minnesota: Motorbooks, 1992. .
 Taylor, Michael J.H., ed. “Lockheed Constellation and Super Constellation.” Jane’s Encyclopedia of Aviation. New York: Crescent, 1993. .
 United States Air Force Museum Guidebook. Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio: Air Force Museum Foundation, 1975.
 Yenne, Bill, Lockheed. Greenwich, Connecticut: Bison Books, 1987. .

Further reading

 1949 crash on Sao Miguel: "Constellation" by Adrien Bosc (2016)

Lockheed Constellation
Accidents
Osmania University College for Women. The Telangana Mahila Viswavidyalayam, formerly Osmania University College for Women, is a state university in Hyderabad, India. It was formerly a constituent women's college of Osmania University. The main building of this college, which was part of the British legacy in India, is a monument of great aesthetic, architectural and historical importance. Commissioned in 1803 for the British resident, J. A. Kirkpatrick, his builder the Lt. Samuel Russell of the Madras Engineers, has produced a structure capable of rivaling the Governor's house in Kolkata.

History

The college started in 1924. In 1939, the college was shifted to Golden Threshold. It was moved to its present location belonging to James Achilles Kirkpatrick's mansion Koti Residency in 1949.

In 2022, the college was upgraded to a state university, called Telangana Mahila Viswavidyalayam. It has plans to start offering engineering courses.

Campus 

The campus is spread over 42 acres.

Academics

Women's College offers graduate and postgraduate courses for women.

Graduation ceremonies
XIVth Convocation of the college was held on 4 October 2018 at the college premises. It was presided by the Honourable Vice-president of India, Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu.

See also 
Education in India
Literacy in India
List of institutions of higher education in Telangana

References

External links

 Official site

Osmania University
Women's universities and colleges in Telangana
1924 establishments in India
Universities and colleges established in 1924
Colleges affiliated to Osmania University
Baralyme. Baralyme is a mixture of 80% calcium hydroxide and 20% barium hydroxide compounds that is used as an alternative to soda lime to absorb the exhaled carbon dioxide in a closed circuit anesthetic system.

The substance has been used for carbon dioxide scrubbing in diving bells and the U.S Navy's engineered SEALAB's I, II, and the failed SEALAB III.

References 

Anesthesia
Ace (editor). Ace (from Ajax.org Cloud9 Editor) is a standalone code editor written in JavaScript. The goal is to create a web-based code editor that matches and extends the features, usability, and performance of existing native editors such as TextMate, Vim, or Eclipse. It can be easily embedded in any web page and JavaScript application. Ace is developed as the primary editor for Cloud9 IDE and as the successor of the Mozilla Skywriter project.

History 

Known as Ace (Ajax.org Cloud9 Editor), it was previously known as Bespin then later Skywriter. Bespin and Ace started as two independent projects both aiming to build a no-compromise code editor component for the web. Bespin started as part of Mozilla Labs and was based on the <canvas> html tag, while Ace is the Editor component of the Cloud9 IDE and is using the DOM for rendering. After the release of Ace at JSConf.eu 2010, in Berlin, the Skywriter team decided to merge Ace with a simplified version of Skywriter's plugin system and some of Skywriter's extensibility points. All these changes were merged back to Ace, which supersedes Skywriter. Both Ajax.org and Mozilla are actively developing and maintaining Ace.

Features 

 Syntax highlighting
 Auto indentation and outdent
 An optional command line
 Work with large documents (handles hundreds of thousands of lines without issue)
 Fully customizable key bindings including vi and Emacs modes
 Themes (TextMate themes can be imported)
 Search and replace with regular expressions
 Highlight matching parentheses
 Toggle between soft tabs and real tabs
 Displays hidden characters
 Highlight selected word
 Multiple cursor selection
 Column select and edit mode

Notable projects using Ace 

 Caret 
 Cloud9 IDE
 CMS Made Simple
 Code Pad IDE
 GitHub
 Joplin
Jekyll Admin
 KiwiIRC
 LaTeX Base
 Leanote
 MediaWiki
 OwnCloud
 PythonAnywhere
 RStudio
 Tumblr (theme editor)
 WaveMaker
 Wikia (CSS editor)
 Lines IDE 
 HirenJS Code Editor

See also 
 Comparison of JavaScript-based source code editors

Notes

References

External links 
 

Ajax (programming)
JavaScript libraries
JavaScript-based HTML editors
Software using the BSD license
WASSAIL. WASSAIL is an open-source software platform for educational assessment, designed primarily for academic libraries. It is used to “systematically track, store and analyze assessment data to measure and improve student learning.” Since its inception in 2003 the software has been adopted by dozens of academic libraries, including those at the Miami University, the University of Kansas, Red Deer College, and Northern Alberta Institute of Technology. The name is an acronym for “Web-based Augustana Student Survey Assessment of Information Literacy,” reflecting its origins and ongoing development at the Augustana Faculty of the University of Alberta.

WASSAIL 3.0 is a database-driven, web-based application employing PHP, MySQL, JavaScript and AJAX. WASSAIL facilitates the development and storage of question banks; the generation of online (or paper) surveys and tests from those question banks; and the accumulation and storage of question responses. Its most powerful feature is the ability to create and generate reports. These reports typically measure the impact of information literacy instruction on student learning and on specific demographics (discipline, year, gender, etc.).

Recognition
WASSAIL's developers were awarded the 2010 Instruction Section Innovation Award from the Association of College and Research Libraries.

References

External links
WASSAIL 3.0. Augustana Faculty Library, University of Alberta. Retrieved July 25, 2011.
Information Literacy Competency Standards for Higher Education. Association of College & Research Libraries. Retrieved August 16, 2011.
Instruction Section Innovation Award. Association of College & Research Libraries. Retrieved August 16, 2011.

Educational software
Educational assessment and evaluation
Emil Winkler. Emil Winkler (18 April 1835, Falkenberg bei Torgau – 27 August 1888, Berlin) was a German civil engineer, professor with broad academic interest including engineering mechanics, railway engineering, bridge engineering.  Emil Winkler was first to formulate and solve a problem of elastic beam on deformable foundation. The model of a beam on elastic foundation which assumes linear force-deflection relationship is known as Winkler Foundation. 

Emil Winkler studied in Dresden. From 1860, he earned his PhD at the University of Leipzig. He also gave courses in Dresden. He moved to Prague (1865) and Vienna (1868), where he was appointed professor. Although he was in Prague only three years these years were very productive. Professor Winkler published in Prague two books: Lecture on Railway Engineering (1867) and Theory of Elasticity and Strength of Materials (1867). In 1877 he moved to Berlin and taught at the Bauakademie. He also studied influence lines and came up with so called Winkler's unevenness.

References

1835 births
1888 deaths
People from Falkenberg/Elster
People from the Province of Saxony
German civil engineers
Leipzig University alumni
Engineers from Brandenburg
Academic staff of Technische Universität Berlin
Expatriates in Austria-Hungary
Engineers from the Kingdom of Prussia
Engineers from the German Empire
E-SDS. e-SDS, otherwise known as an extended SDS. An extended SDS is a document of chemical safety. It is much longer and detailed than the standard SDS. It consists of a standard SDS which has more subsections than the general one, and an additional annex containing one or more exposure scenario(s).

The necessity of e-SDS 

The 1907/2006/EC REACH prescribes that those substances, which:

 is produced in more than 10 tonnes/year, and
 considered as hazardous substance,

exposure scenarios have to be prepared.

These exposure scenarios have to be appended to the SDS, therefore a so-called extended SDS (e-SDS) is created.

The descriptor system

The descriptor system is created by ECHA for the use in exposure scenarios and in extended safety data sheets E-SDS
Several type of descriptors is available.

Types:
 Descriptor-list for sectors of use (SU)
 Descriptor-list for Chemical Product Category (PC)
 Descriptor-list for process categories (PROC)
 Description for Environmental Release Categories (ERC)

Useful information

Main duties of downstream users
A brief REACH overview for distributors

Chemical safety

de:E-SDS
Alfred S. Yue. Alfred Shui-Choh Yue (November 12, 1918 – February 4, 2014), was an American materials science engineer. Yue was a professor emeritus of engineering at the University of California in Los Angeles, having concluded a career of discovery regarding crystal growth as it relates to semi-conductor and solar-power devices.

Career
From 1957 to 1960, Yue was a research scientist at Dow Chemical Company in Midland, Michigan. Following that, he was recruited to the research division of Lockheed Missile and Space Corporation in Sunnyvale, California (1960–1969). Based on a series of seminal discoveries regarding crystal growth, he was recruited at the rank of Full Professor to the engineering department of the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) in 1969. Yue retired as emeritus professor in 1995. During his tenure at UCLA, Yue contributed to leveraging basic crystal-growth science for improved semi-conductor and solar-power devices. Some of Yue's research was conducted during a series of groundbreaking experiments performed in space on NASA SkyLab projects.

Personal life
Yue was born in Taishan, Canton Province, China and his direct ancestors include a successful California gold-rusher, and a worker on the first US transatlantic railroad. Yue received his BS in 1939 in geology from National Chiao Tung University. Following World War 2, Yue received a fellowship to pursue graduate studies in the USA, and received a Ph.D. in materials science engineering in 1957 from Purdue University. During this time, Yue's family remained in Taiwan until 1955 when they were able to emigrate to the states under the US Refugee and Congressional Act. In 1962 Yue and his family moved to Palo Alto, California, where he became a senior researcher at Lockheed Martin.

In 2006 Yue moved to Sunnyvale, California where he lived until his death in February 2014 at the age of 95.

References

External links 
 National Chiao Tong University alumnus summary of Yue's life
 Summary of Yue's life chinese version

1918 births
2014 deaths
Purdue University College of Engineering alumni
Chinese emigrants to the United States
 UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science faculty
Peter Wright (scientist). Peter Edwin Wright is a scientist, an NMR spectroscopist and a professor at the Scripps Research Institute. He serves as editor-in-chief of the Journal of Molecular Biology.

Education and early life
Wright is from New Zealand and studied at the University of Auckland. He graduated in 1968 with a Bachelor of Science degree followed by a Master of Science degree in 1969. He completed his PhD in chemistry in 1972 with a thesis on the physico-chemical properties of metal ion sites in cuproproteins: an investigation of selected copper(II) complexes.

Career and research
From 1976 to 1984, he was employed by the University of Sydney. Since 1984, he has been employed at the Scripps Research Institute.

Wright is a proponent of the theory of conformational sampling being of importance to enzyme catalysis and intrinsically disordered proteins, which is opposed to the theory of electrostatic preorganization.

Personal life
Wright is married to Jane Dyson.

References

Living people
Scripps Research faculty
University of Auckland alumni
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
Year of birth missing (living people)
S1B reactor. The S1B reactor is a naval reactor used by the United States Navy to provide electricity generation and propulsion on Columbia-class submarines. The S1B designation stands for:

 S = Submarine platform
 1 = First generation core designed by the contractor
 B = Bechtel Marine Propulsion Corporation is the contracted designer

This pressurized water nuclear reactor, developed at the Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory, is designed to have increased energy density and to operate for 40 years without refueling.

References

United States naval reactors