omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Yuriy Polyakov. Yuriy Sergeyevich Polyakov (Russian: Юрий Сергеевич Поляков, born September 3, 1980, in Moscow, Soviet Union) is a Russian-American scientist at Duality Technologies. He is best known for his work in cryptography (homomorphic encryption, lattice-based cryptography), chemical engineering (theory of filtration processes, mathematical modeling of chemical reactors), and physics (stochastic time series analysis).

Biography 

Polyakov wrote his first scientific paper when he was a freshman student at the Moscow State University of Environmental Engineering. In April 1998, he moved to the United States. Polyakov received a Bachelor of Science in computer information systems summa cum laude from Excelsior College in 2002 and Master of Science in computer science from New Jersey Institute of Technology in 2003, where he carried out scientific research in computer science and computational mathematics. In 2004, he defended his PhD dissertation in Chemical Engineering at the Moscow State University of Environmental Engineering. In 2006, Polyakov started scientific cooperation with Serge Timashev in the analysis of stochastic time series (Flicker-Noise Spectroscopy). In 2007, he defended the DSc dissertation in Physics and Mathematics at the Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.

Scientific achievements 

Main results in chemical engineering include the development of a novel filtration process – depth membrane filtration, systematic study of nonuniform particle deposition on the inner and outer surfaces of ultrafiltration and microfiltration membranes, and mathematical modeling of coupled heat and mass transfer with chemical conversions. Main results in computer science and computational mathematics include the development of an approximate method for nonlinear differential and integrodifferential equations and development of a feedback algorithm for switch location with application to network design. Serge Timashev and Yuriy Polyakov developed a phenomenological theory for the analysis of natural time and space series with stochastically varying components, Flicker-Noise Spectroscopy, that may be used for problems such as the diagnosis of health conditions and earthquake prediction. Most significant results in cryptography include the development of efficient algorithms for homomorphic encryption and application of homomorphic encryption for privacy-preserving genomic analysis.

Software 

He is a co-author and project lead for the PALISADE open-source lattice cryptography software library. He is also a co-author of the Flicker-Noise Spectroscopy toolkit for time and space series analysis.

Honors and awards 

He received Moscow Mayor’s Young Scientist Award in 2005. Listed in multiple biographical reference books.

References

External links 
 Homepage of Yuriy Polyakov

1980 births
Living people
Moscow State University alumni
American computer scientists
Russian computer scientists
American chemical engineers
21st-century Russian inventors
Russian emigrants to the United States
21st-century American inventors
Boeing Model 7. The Boeing Model 7, a.k.a. Boeing BB-1 was an American biplane flying boat aircraft built by Boeing in the 1920s.
The pilot and two passengers all sat in the cockpit, the passengers right behind the pilot.

Specifications (variant)

References

 

1920s United States civil utility aircraft
Flying boats
007, Boeing
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1920
Software and Systems Modeling. Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the development and application of software and systems modeling languages and techniques, including modeling foundations, semantics, analysis and synthesis techniques, model transformations, language definition and language engineering issues. It was established in 2002 and is published by Springer Science+Business Media. The editors-in-chief are Benoit Combemale (University of Rennes), Jeff Gray (University of Alabama), and Bernhard Rumpe (RWTH Aachen University). They are supported by the associate editors Marsha Chechik (University of Toronto), Martin Gogolla (University of Bremen), and Jean-Marc Jezequel (IRISA/INRIA and University of Rennes) and the assistant editors Stéphanie Challita (University of Rennes), Huseyin Ergin (Ball State University), and  Martin Schindler (RWTH Aachen University). The members of the editorial board can be found on https://www.sosym.org/.

Robert France was co-founder and editor-in-chief of the journal from 1999 until 2015.

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 2.0.

The journal is widely abstracted and indexed, for example in ACM Digital Library, DBLP, EBSCO, INSPEC, ProQuest, and SCOPUS.

References

External links
 
 Journal page at publisher's website

Academic journals established in 2002
Computer science journals
Systems journals
Springer Science+Business Media academic journals
Quarterly journals
English-language journals
Boeing Model 8. 

The Boeing Model 8, a.k.a. BB-L6, was an American biplane aircraft designed by Boeing specifically for their test pilot, Herb Munter.

Development and design
The Model 8 design was inspired by the Ansaldo A.1 Balilla. The fuselage was covered in mahogany plywood, with a two-passenger forward cockpit and pilot rear cockpit, a seating configuration that would be the standard for all following three-seaters. The wing configuration and powerplant were similar to the Boeing Model 7.

The Model 8 first flew  in 1920, and was the first aircraft to fly over Mount Rainier. The aircraft was destroyed in a hangar fire in Kent, Washington in 1923.

Specifications (BB-L6)

References

 Bowers, Peter M. Boeing aircraft since 1916. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, 1989. .

External links
Boeing Model 8 (BB-L6) (Russian)

1920s United States civil utility aircraft
008, Boeing
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1920
Fuji Xerox Towers. Fuji Xerox Towers (formerly IBM Towers) was a high-rise skyscraper located in Downtown Core, Singapore. It was located on 80 Anson Road, in the zone of Shenton Way and Tanjong Pagar. The building sat within four roads, namely Tanjong Pagar Road, Bernam Street, Keppel Road and Anson Road.

The building was next to the Ayer Rajah Expressway, and close to the Lippo Centre, RCL Centre, Realty Centre, and Anson House, all of which are roughly  away. The 38-storey high freehold development rises  above ground.

In December 2005, the Fuji Xerox Towers was conferred the Energy Smart Label Award from the Energy Sustainability Unit of the National University of Singapore and Singapore's National Environment Agency.

History
Fuji Xerox Towers was developed by City Developments Limited, and was completed in 1987. Other firms involved in the development include Mitsubishi Elevator and Escalator and IBM Singapore.

Naming
Fuji Xerox Towers was previously called IBM Towers, as IBM Singapore had been the anchor tenant since the building's opening until 2004. In mid-August 2004, Fuji Xerox leased  of office space, spread over 7 levels. It made Fuji Xerox the main anchor tenant with about a quarter of leasable space, thereby earning it naming rights. While Fuji Xerox moved into the towers, IBM moved in stages to Changi Business Park over recent years.

Fuji Xerox Singapore
In 1965, Fuji Xerox Singapore was still part of the Rank Xerox organisation, a joint venture between Rank and Xerox Organisation. The Singapore branch was first incorporated as Rank Xerox (Overseas) Pte Ltd and later renamed as Rank Xerox (Singapore) Pte Ltd in 1985. In 1991, Rank Xerox Singapore was sold to Fuji Xerox Company Ltd of Japan and was renamed Fuji Xerox Singapore.

Redevelopment
In July 2020, CDL announced that Fuji Xerox Towers will be demolished and redeveloped into a 51-storey mixed-use integrated development on its site, comprising residential apartments, serviced apartments and commercial areas. Demolition will commence in 2H 2021.

On 15 June 2023, part of Fuji Xerox Towers collapsed during demolition works, killing a worker trapped inside.

See also
 List of tallest buildings in Singapore

References

External links 

City Developments Limited
Former skyscrapers
Raffles Place
Skyscraper office buildings in Singapore
Downtown Core (Singapore)
Fujifilm Business Innovation
Office buildings completed in 1987
20th-century architecture in Singapore
Evolutionary acquisition of neural topologies. Evolutionary acquisition of neural topologies (EANT/EANT2) is an evolutionary reinforcement learning method that evolves both the topology and weights of artificial neural networks. It is closely related to the works of Angeline et al. and Stanley and Miikkulainen. Like the work of Angeline et al., the method uses a type of parametric mutation that comes from evolution strategies and evolutionary programming (now using the most advanced form of the evolution strategies CMA-ES in EANT2), in which adaptive step sizes are used for optimizing the weights of the neural networks.  Similar to the work of Stanley (NEAT), the method starts with minimal structures which gain complexity along the evolution path.

Contribution of EANT to neuroevolution

Despite sharing these two properties, the method has the following important features which distinguish it from previous works in neuroevolution.

It introduces a genetic encoding called common genetic encoding (CGE) that handles both direct and indirect encoding of neural networks within the same theoretical framework. The encoding has important properties that makes it suitable for evolving neural networks: 
 It is complete in that it is able to represent all types of valid phenotype networks.
 It is closed, i.e. every valid genotype represents a valid phenotype. (Similarly, the encoding is closed under genetic operators such as structural mutation and crossover.)

These properties have been formally proven.

For evolving the structure and weights of neural networks, an evolutionary process is used, where the exploration of structures is executed at a larger timescale (structural exploration), and the exploitation of existing structures is done at a smaller timescale (structural exploitation). In the structural exploration phase, new neural structures are developed by gradually adding new structures to an initially minimal network that is used as a starting point. In the structural exploitation phase, the weights of the currently available structures are optimized using an evolution strategy.

Performance

EANT has been tested on some benchmark problems such as the double-pole balancing problem, and the RoboCup keepaway benchmark. In all the tests, EANT was found to perform very well. Moreover, a newer version of EANT, called EANT2, was tested on a visual servoing task and found to outperform NEAT and the traditional iterative Gauss–Newton method.  Further experiments include results on a classification problem

References

External links
BEACON Blog: What is neuroevolution?

Evolutionary algorithms and artificial neuronal networks
Evolutionary computation
Avinash Balkrishna Patwardhan. Avinash Balkrishna Patwardhan born 30 August 1953 in Nagpur, Maharshatra (India) is a civil engineer from Govt College of Engineering, Amravati (GCoEA) in 1975 and a law graduate who has profound knowledge and interest in Indian classical music. He is the first person in recent centuries to unveil and demonstrate the Sarana Chatushtai as originally suggested by Bharata Muni in the Bharata Natya Shastra which is the only way to obtain 22 srutis (notes useful to music) on a musical instrument. He started his career as an engineer with the state government of Maharashtra. Later he went into teaching civil engineering and eventually joined social work. He was a part of the Knit India movement (1985–1988) and Narmada Bachao Andolan (1998-1993) with late Baba Amte. He also worked with Dr. Vikas Amte for Earthquake Relief at Killari, Maharashtra (1993–1994). He started his research on Indian classical music in the 1990s which led to his work on the Sarana Chatushtai and later he also evolved a methodology to develop perfectly tuned flutes.

Research on Indian Classical Music
Avinash Balkrishna Patwardhan's research on Indian classical music led to the successful demonstration of the Sarana Chatushtai in the year 1998. This was the first time in many centuries that this has been actually proved subjectively and objectively on flute as well as a stringed instrument. Other than Bharat Muni, him and probably Sharang Dev, there is no evidence of any other musicologists realizing the existence of srutis as per Bharata Natya Shatra. His work has been acknowledged by music experts and he has also presented a paper on the same at ITC Sangeet Research Academy, Calcutta, India at the National Symposium on Acoustics (1998). This demonstration proves incorrect, the assumption by Pandit Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande, who has criticized the concept of existence of srutis itself in his book Bhartiya Sangita Paddhati [Vol 2] (written in the late 18th or early 19th century).

Avinash Balkrishna Patwardhan later also evolved a methodology to develop perfectly tuned flutes for ten thatas in the present Indian classical music using both bamboo and PVC material.

In Nov 2014, his book "Shruti Darpan" was published which is suitable reading for music scholars as well as research students in Indian classical music.

Others
Avinash Balkrishna Patwardhan is the author of the first Indian book on the solution for Rubik's Cube which was published in 1981. He is also the nephew of late renowned Indian social worker Baba Amte.

References
1. Publication : Paper authored by Avinash Balkrishna Patwardhan unveiling the fundamental principles governing Indian classical music by research on  Bharata Muni's  Natya Shastra at the National Symposium on Acoustics (1998), ITC Sangeet Research Academy, Calcutta, India.

Indian male writers
Indian musicologists
1953 births
Living people
Musicians from Nagpur
Pinning (modelling). Pinning is a technique used when assembling large or heavy model kits (such as metal wargaming miniatures) that involves drilling a hole in two pieces of the model to be joined, and using a "pin" to strengthen the bond when they are glued.  Pinning is a useful technique for reinforcing joints and is essential when making models from parts that were not designed to go together, such as a miniature conversion.

While models that are used for display purposes do not often require pinning, heavy models that are frequently handled (such as large metal miniatures used for wargaming) will often benefit from pinning to ensure that the model does not come apart.

Some modellers also use Blu Tack or another temporary adhesive as an aid when pinning.

See also 
Miniature conversion

References 

Miniature wargames
Scale modeling
SeeReal Technologies. SeeReal Technologies GmbH is a Dresden-based company focusing on the development of 3D displays. It is owned by its Luxembourg parent company SeeReal Technologies S.A., which is responsible for marketing, partnering and IP licensing.

The firm was founded in 2002 by Dr. Armin Schwerdtner, who had previously headed an optics research group at the Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden).

SeeReal develops technology that is licensed to display manufacturers, including several variants of a tracked autostereoscopic display.

The firm has presented a real-time desktop holographic display on the SID 2007 Display Week in Long Beach (California) and the FPD 2007 in Yokohama (Japan). The firm owns more than 100 patents in the field of holographic and autostereoscopic 3D displays.

SeeReal was awarded the European Information Society Technologies Prize (IST), and the Innovation Prize of the Free State of Saxony in 2007.

SeeReal, as of 2024, is out of business, and the website ceased functioning .

References

Electronics companies of Germany
Display technology
Display
Holography
Fletcher FL-23. 

The Fletcher FL-23 was an American two-seat liaison or observation aircraft designed and built by the California-based Fletcher Aviation Corporation. It was entered into a competition and lost against the Cessna 305A as a liaison or observation aircraft for the United States Army.

Development
The FL-23 prototype was designed and built as a private venture, it was a high-wing cantilever monoplane with an all-moving tailplane mounted at the top of the fin. It had a fixed tricycle landing gear and powered a 225-hp (168 kW) Continental E225 piston engine. It had room for a pilot and observer in tandem; the observer had an unusual acrylic plastic enclosure to give an all-round visibility.

Operational history
The US Army issued the specification for a two-seat liaison and observation monoplane and the prototype was entered into the competition. During trials the aircraft was badly damaged in a flying accident when it lost its tail, and was withdrawn from the competition. The competition was won by the Cessna 305A which became the L-19 Bird Dog.

Specifications

See also

References

FL-23
1950s United States military reconnaissance aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1950
T-tail aircraft
Integrated Publishing System. Integrated Publishing System is a system created in 1982 for publishing multilingual literature.

The software was developed by the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society on an IBM mainframe computer using an Autologic typesetter. IPS was acquired by IBM, which intended to use the system to increase its hold on the publishing industry.

The system went on to have some success commercially, being used to print the Encyclopædia Britannica.

References

History of software
Focke-Wulf A 16. The Focke-Wulf A.16 was a German three/four passenger light transport monoplane designed by Heinrich Focke and Georg Wulf and was the first design built by the newly formed Focke-Wulf company.

Development
With the success of their earlier designs, Focke and Wulf formed the Focke-Wulf company in 1924 and their first design was an all-wood three/four passenger airliner or light transport, the A.16, first flown by Georg Wulf on 23 June 1924. At least 20 aircraft were built; according to Airbus Industrie, Bremen, 23 were built. Airbus has built another one in the last ten years, though not airworthy, which is on display at Bremen Airport.

The A.16 was a high-wing cantilever monoplane of conventional configuration. The wing used a thick airfoil. The pilot sat in an open cockpit above the wing while the passengers were carried in the enclosed fuselage below. The tailskid undercarriage featured large wheels mounted on each side of the fuselage.

Variants
A.16a
Variant powered by a 100 hp (75 kW) Mercedes D.I engine.
A.16b
Variant powered by an 85 hp (63 kW) Junkers L1a engine.
A.16c
Variant powered by a 100 hp (75 kW) Siemens-Halske Sh 12 engine.
A.16d
Variant powered by a 120 hp (89 kW) Mercedes D.II or D.IIa engine.

Specifications (A.16c)

References

 "The Focke-Wulf A.16: An Interesting German Commercial Aeroplane". Flight, 15 January 1925. Vol XVII, No. 838. pp. 27–28.
 Stroud, John. "Wings of Peace". Aeroplane Monthly, January 1987, Vol. 15, No. 1. pp. 40–45.
 The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982–1985), 1985, Orbis Publishing, Page 1835

External links 

 www.histaviation.com: Focke-Wulf A16 

1920s German airliners
A 16
Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1924
FS Class E.491 and E.492. The FS Class E.491 and E.492 were an Italian electric 25 kV 50 Hz AC locomotives built during the 1980s by the TEAM (Trazione Electrica Alternata Monofase) consortium, formed by FIAT ferroviaria, Ansaldo and other companies. The lines of the locomotive were designed by Italian designer Giorgetto Giugiaro. Group E.491 was designed to be used on freight trains (max speed ) while E.492 was designed for fast passenger trains (max speed ).

Intended use
They were intended to be used on the rail lines of Sardinia, at the time subject of future electrification. The project was later abandoned, but a lot of units had already been ordered and built, and since the catenary on the mainland is mostly 3 kV DC (except for high speed lines), and the locomotive was only able to run on 25 kV AC, the group never entered into active service.

Disposal
FS have tried to sell them to foreign railways (France and Bulgaria), but never succeeded. In 2008, the whole batch of 25 locomotives were sold to Fruilexport, a company established in Niš (Serbia). It seems thenceforth likely that they will be used on the Serbian 25 kV network.

References

External links 
 Photo gallery of the group

E.491
Bo′Bo′ locomotives
25 kV AC locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1986
Gio. Ansaldo & C. locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Italy
Passenger locomotives
Bo′Bo′ electric locomotives of Europe
WS2400. The WS2400 is a 8x8 special heavy-duty truck developed and built by Wanshan Special Vehicle and used by the People's Liberation Army of the People's Republic of China as a transporter erector launcher (TEL) platform and is a reverse engineered version of the MAZ-543 missile Transporter erector launcher.

Description
A TEL that is widely used by the PLA due to the sheer numbers of Chinese SRBM assets. The WS2400 is one of the principal mobile workhorse/platforms in mounting and firing China's short-range ballistic missiles.

Wanshan Special Vehicle (湖北三江航天万山特种车辆有限公司) is a wholly owned subsidiary of China Aerospace Sanjiang Space Co. Ltd (中国航天三江集团)], which is in turn a subsidiary of  China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation (CASIC)]. The advantage of the WS2400 compared to the MAZ is that it utilizes a German diesel engine, transmission and hydraulics manufactured by Wanshan in China, built using technologies transferred from ZF Friedrichshafen and Allison Transmission.

The WS2400 has a maximum payload capacity of 22 tons, as such, it is used as the base for a number of conventional and ballistic missile systems the DF-11 SRBM and A-100 MRL platforms.

The much larger WS2500 and WS2600 is a more developed evolution of the WS2400 meant to carry MRBMs and IRBMs.

Variants
WS2500
WS2600

See also 

 MAZ-7310
 HEMTT
 TA580/TAS5380
 MAN gl

References

 WS2400 Truck

Military trucks of China
Military vehicles of the People's Republic of China
Military vehicles of Pakistan