omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
List of common 3D test models. This is a list of models and meshes commonly used in 3D computer graphics for testing and demonstrating rendering algorithms and visual effects. Their use is important for comparing results, similar to the way standard test images are used in image processing.

Modelled 

Designed using CAD software; sorted by year of modelling.

Scanned 

Includes photogrammetric methods; sorted by year of scanning.

Gallery

See also

References

External links 

 Standard test models
 The Stanford 3D Scanning Repository hosted by the Stanford University
 Large Geometric Models Archive hosted by the Georgia Institute of Technology
 Other repositories
 The Utah 3D Animation Repository, a small collection of animated 3D models
 scene collection, by Physically Based Rendering Toolkit: a number of interesting scenes to render with global illumination
 MGF Example Scenes, a small collection of some indoor 3D scenes
 archive3D, a collection of 3D models
 3DModels, a collection of vehicle 3D models
 3DBar, a collection of free 3D models
 NASA 3D Models, NASA 3D models to use for educational or informational purposes
 VRML Models from ORC Incorporated, 3D models in VRML format
 3dRender.com: Lighting Challenges, regularly held lighting challenges, complete with scene and models for each challenge
 MPI Informatics Building Model, a virtual reconstruction of the Max Planck Institute for Informatics building in Saarbrücken
 Princeton shape-based 3D model search engine
 Keenan's 3D Model Repository hosted by the Carnegie Mellon University
 HeiCuBeDa Hilprecht – Heidelberg Cuneiform Benchmark Dataset for the Hilprecht Collection a collection of almost 2.000 cuneiform tablets for bulk-download acquired with a high-resolution 3D-scanner. Available under a CC BY license and quotable by digital object identifiers. Datasets cleaned using the GigaMesh Software Framework.
 HeiCu3Da Hilprecht – Heidelberg Cuneiform 3D Database - Hilprecht Collection browsable version of HeiCuBeDa allowing to download and quote single 3D models.

3D graphics models
test items
Scaled Composites Model 367 BiPod. The Scaled Composites Model 367 BiPod is an experimental flying car developed by Scaled Composites. It was the final aircraft designed by Burt Rutan prior to his retirement.

Development
The Bipod was originally designed to be an electric propulsion testbed, later evolving into the flying car concept. The vehicle was constructed for market evaluation and testing only. No flight testing was planned, or done, on the single prototype built.

Design
The BiPod uses twin fuselages joined by a wing surface. Each fuselage has tandem wheels. The wings, stabilizers and tail tips are removable for road operations. The BiPod is driven as a car from the cockpit in the left-hand fuselage; and flown as an aircraft from the cockpit in the right-hand fuselage. The wings can be carried between the two fuselage sections during road operation. The wingspan of nearly  is reduced to  when the wings are removed. The vehicle can be parked in a regular-sized garage stall when the wings and tail surfaces have been removed.

Propulsion
Each fuselage section has a 450cc gasoline engine, which drives an electric generator. The generators power 15 kW electric motors; two such motors drive the rear wheels for land use, and four such motors drive four propellers (two on the horizontal stabilizer and two on the wings). Although not installed to date as of July 2011, the testbed configuration will eventually incorporate rechargeable lithium batteries for additional power during takeoff or for extra climb performance. In addition, as of the first flight the propellers and propeller drive motors had not been installed; the "flights" consisted of brief hops above a runway after the drive wheels had been used to accelerate the vehicle to .

Operational history
The prototype was built in four months. In July 2011, Aviation Week and Space Technology reported that "In anticipation of Rutan's retirement, Scaled Composite employees scrambled to get the new design flying in March of this year, only four months after its preliminary design phase." Test hops have been performed with the prototype at Mojave Air and Space Port using propulsion from the wheels. The vehicle has been ground tested up to 80 mph. No flight testing is planned.

Specifications

References

External links
 Scaled Composites BiPod page

Scaled Composites
Roadable aircraft
Hybrid vehicles
Twin-fuselage aircraft
Rutan aircraft
Twin-engined four-prop tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 2011
Twin-tail aircraft
Aircraft with fixed quad landing gear
College of Engineering, Poonjar. College of Engineering  Poonjar (CEP) (established in 2000), is an engineering institute in the state of Kerala, India. Till completion of 2014 Admissions, the college was affiliated to Cochin University of Science and Technology and currently since 2015 it is affiliated to the APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University and the courses are recognised by the All India Council for Technical Education.

Overview 
College of Engineering, Poonjar was established by the Institute of Human Resources Development (IHRD) as the 5th Engineering College under IHRD after Model Engineering College, College of Engineering Chengannur, College of Engineering Adoor and College of Engineering Karunagappally. College of Engineering, Poonjar started functioning in 2000.

About 
The institute offers four year B.Tech. degree courses in Electronics and Communication Engineering and Computer Science and Engineering. Each branch has an annual intake of 60 students. The admission is based on the merit list in the Kerala State KEAM examination.
It also offers Diploma in Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Electronics Engineering and Computer Engineering.
In addition to this the college also offers a post graduate course namely, Master of Computer Applications. 
This institution has a very neat canteen facility available run by the P.T.A. The institution owns two hostels for girls at Poonjar (Ganga hostel) and is directly managed by the college.

Senate
First Senate was formed in 2001 and the members are

 Chairman : Aneesh Abhraham
 Vice Chairman : Lakshmi S Pillai
 General Secretary : Nobert Henry
 University Union Councilor: Praveen.M.S
 Arts Club Secretary : Sherin Maria Sebastian
 Magazine Editor : Simy S Nair

The recent Senate came into existence in 2025, its memberd are:
 Chairman : Aby Sebastian 

 Vice Chairman : Abhijith P S
 General Secretary : Vivek K V
 University Union Councilor: Ananthu G
 Arts Club Secretary : Sneha Shaji
 Magazine Editor : Anagha Sugathan

Courses 
 B.Tech Degree in Computer Science and Engineering
 B.Tech Degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering
 Diploma in Electrical and Electronics Engineering
 Diploma in Computer Engineering
 Diploma in Electronics Engineering
 Master of Computer Applications

See also
List of Engineering Colleges in Kerala

References

External links
Official website
http://www.cee-kerala.org/
Cochin University of Science And Technology Official website
The Institute of Human Resource Development Kerala Official website
Facebook Community
Facebook Group

Engineering colleges in Kerala
All India Council for Technical Education
Institute of Human Resources Development
Universities and colleges in Kottayam district
Educational institutions established in 2000
2000 establishments in Kerala
Ramp generator. In electronics and electrical engineering, a ramp generator is a circuit that creates a linear rising or falling output with respect to time. The output variable is usually voltage, although current ramps can be created.
Linear ramp generators are also known as sweep generators

Ramp generators produces a sawtooth wave form, Suppose a 3V is applied to input of a comparator of X terminal and ramp generator at Y terminal. the ramp generator starts increasing its voltage but, still lower than input X terminal of the comparator the output shall be 1, As soon as the ramp voltage is equal to or more than X, comparator output goes low.

Applications
Voltage and current linear ramp generator find wide application in instrumentation and communication systems. 
Ramp generators used in electrical generators or electric motors to avoid transients when changing a load. Some ramp generators present also the possibility to change the start-up and return flow time.

Implementation 
Originally, ramp generators were implemented as analog hardware devices.

References 

Analog circuits
Power engineering
Hydrogen astatide. Hydrogen astatide, also known as astatine hydride, astatane, astatidohydrogen or hydroastatic acid, is a chemical compound with the chemical formula HAt, consisting of an astatine atom covalently bonded to a hydrogen atom. It thus is a hydrogen halide.

This chemical compound can dissolve in water to form hydroastatic acid, which exhibits properties very similar to the other five binary acids, and is in fact the strongest among them. However, it is limited in use due to its ready decomposition into elemental hydrogen and astatine, as well as the short half-life of the various isotopes of astatine. Because the atoms have a nearly equal electronegativity, and as the  ion has been observed, dissociation could easily result in the hydrogen carrying the negative charge. Thus, a hydrogen astatide sample can undergo the following reaction:

This results in elemental hydrogen gas and astatine precipitate. Furthermore, a trend for hydrogen halides, or HX, is that enthalpy of formation becomes less negative, i.e., decreases in magnitude but increases in absolute terms, as the halide becomes larger. Whereas hydroiodic acid solutions are stable, the hydronium-astatide solution is clearly less stable than the water-hydrogen-astatine system. Finally, radiolysis from astatine nuclei could sever the H–At bonds.

Additionally, astatine has no stable isotopes. The most stable is astatine-210, which has a half-life of approximately 8.1 hours, making its chemical compounds especially difficult to work with, as the astatine will quickly decay into other elements.

Preparation
Hydrogen astatide can be produced by reacting astatine with hydrocarbons (such as ethane):

This reaction also produces the corresponding alkyl astatide, in this case ethyl astatide (astatoethane).

References

Hydrogen compounds
Astatine compounds
Nonmetal halides
Diatomic molecules
Hydrides
Mineral acids
Sistema Supporto Condotta. The Sistema Supporto Condotta (Drive Aid System), or SSC is a railway safety system used by Italian railway operator Ferrovie dello Stato. Its function is to provide a comprehensive set of visual helps to the driver, about block signaling, speed limits and temporary limitations. It's usually part of the more complex SCMT system.

SSC get its information via a microwave transponder, called Punto Informativo (PI). Above lines equipped with the proper set of transmitters, it can show a complete replication of any kind of light signal, block maximum speed rating and special conditions straight into the drivers desk, improving safety in low visibility condition and helping drivers to notice anomalies.

The system is rated for speeds up to 150 km/h, thus making it useful on most of the Italian network. It can be used on single and double track lines, effectively working on both directions if needed. It's designed to work along with SCMT, but it can be used independently. About five thousand kilometers of the Italian network are equipped with SSC but not with SCMT.

SSC's job is purely informational, relying on driver's intervention in case of obstacles ahead, while SCMT can actively engage emergency brakes and speed limits.

The system is made by a ground device (SST, Sotto Sistema di Terra, or Ground Subsystem) transmitting microwave inputs according to the given signal condition, and an onboard computer receiving and processing the signals (SSB, Sotto Sistema di Bordo, or Onboard Subsystem).

References 

Train protection systems
Railway signalling in Italy

cs:SCMT
de:Sistema di Controllo della Marcia del Treno
fr:Sistema di controllo della marcia del treno
it:Sistema di controllo della marcia del treno
Schultze reagent. Schultze reagent (also known as Chlor-Zinc-Iodine Solution) is an oxidizing mixture consisting of a saturated aqueous solution of potassium chlorate KClO3 and varying amounts of concentrated nitric acid HNO3. It is commonly used in palynologic macerations. It was invented by Max Schultze. It is used to determine whether a substance contains cellulose, by turning purple in its presence. It is corrosive and an environmental hazard.

References

Oxidizing mixtures
Memo motion. Memo motion or spaced-shot photography is a tool of time and motion study that analyzes long operations by using a camera. It was developed 1946 by Marvin E. Mundel at Purdue University, who was first to save film material while planning studies on kitchen work.

Mundel published the method in 1947 with several studies in his textbook Systematic Motion and time study. A study showed the following advantages of Memo-Motion in regard to other forms of time and motion study:
Single operator repetition work ...
Aerea studies, the study of a group of men or machines.
Team studies.
Utilisation studies.
Work measurement.

As a versatile tool of work study it was used in the US to some extent, but rarely in Europe and other industrial countries mainly because of difficulties procuring the required cameras. Today Memo-Motion could have a comeback because more and more workplaces have conditions which it can explore.

Scottish motion study pioneer, Anne Gillespie Shaw, used Memomotion in a number of films commissioned from her company, The Anne Shaw Organisation, for commercial and public sector organisations.

References 

Time and motion study
Industrial equipment
Mechelen-Zuid water tower. The Mechelen-Zuid water tower is a , combined water and telecommunications tower constructed in 1978. Since 1979, it has supplied the water to the city of Mechelen, Belgium, while also hosting television and telecommunications aerials. The concrete spire passes through a wide disc holding water fifty metres above the ground. Higher up, a smaller disc supports telecommunications equipment. Topped by a decorative stainless steel tube, it is claimed to be the highest water tower in the world.

Planning, design, and construction
This water tower was built to supply an increased demand for water due to the growth of the Mechelen population, and of industry around the city. In March 1977, the City commissioned a design for a water tower with telecom purposes from local engineering firm ITH, who contacted Professor Fernand Mortelmans (University of Leuven), who had been involved with the water tower at Mechelen's northern industrial estate.<ref
 name="ExpoMortelmans"></ref>
 The tower was constructed at an estimated cost of 85 million Belgian francs in 1978.

The circular foundation is formed by 127 piles supporting a  concrete foundation slab up to 3 m thick at the centre which is 3.2 m below ground level. It supports a tall conical hollow shaft of reinforced concrete which rises 120 m above ground level. The base is 9.2 m wide with a constant 0.65 m wall thickness to 44 m above ground, at which point the shaft funnels outward to a thickness of 1.84 m over a 7.8 m distance; above this is a  and  ring beam which supports the water tank, a shallow bi-conical structure 40 m in diameter of 2,500 m3 capacity. Above this container the towers's wall thickness is 0.50 m thick, diminishing to 0.20 m; it reaches the smallest diameter of 3.40 m at 120 m. The top of the tower is capped by a 20 m decorative stainless steel structure which narrows from 170 cm to 65 cm at the top, which supports a red warning beacon, a 3 m pole of 15 cm diameter, and a lightning rod.

The main body of the supporting shaft was built up by slip forming. Around it, the water tank was constructed in prestressed concrete at ground level: Stiffness is provided by  walls, which subdivide it into sixteen sectors. The  tank bottom is angled at 17° to the horizontal, the top surface is shallower. The container was raised into its final position by cables: once in position the lifting cables were used to support the tank body from the ring beam on the shaft, being tensioned within concrete columns. Finally the base of the tank was concreted to the tower shaft.<ref
 name="Cement-MZuidWT_1" />

Other equipment

A  platform at about 100 m supports the radio transmission equipment, other telecommunications equipment (parabolic antennas) were positioned above the water tank.

See also
 Radio masts and towers
 List of tallest structures in Belgium

References

Sources

alternative source:

Maps

External links

Towers completed in 1978
Water towers in Belgium
Buildings and structures in Mechelen
1978 establishments in Belgium
Olympus-1. Olympus-1 was a communications satellite built by Astrium (at the time of the construction of the satellite British Aerospace and Matra Marconi Space) and Thales Alenia Space (also at the time Alcatel Espace and Alenia Spazio), along with Fokker and SPAR Aerospace, for the European Space Agency. At the time of its launch on 12 July 1989, it was the largest civilian telecommunications satellite ever built, and sometimes known as "LargeSat" or "L-Sat". The satellite had a series of unfortunate accidents in orbit and went out of service on 11/12 August 1993. The first accident was the loss of ability to articulate the satellite's solar arrays. This was later followed by the loss of an on-board gyro during the height of the Perseids meteor shower. The satellite spun out of control and efforts to stabilise it resulted in the expenditure of the majority of its fuel. Subsequently, it was moved to a GEO disposal orbit and was put out of commission. The Olympus bus was reincarnated as Alphabus, made by the same manufacturers, this time for Inmarsat (Inmarsat-4A F4).

References

External links
 "The sad story of Olympus 1"
 "The Olympus failure", ESA press release, 26 August 1993
 "OLYMPUS", NASA Satellite Communications Systems and Technology, July 1993

Communications satellites
Derelict satellites orbiting Earth
European Space Agency satellites
Gulfstream G280. The Gulfstream G280 is a twin-engine business jet built by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) for Gulfstream Aerospace. It began delivery to users in 2012.

Development

In 2005, Gulfstream and IAI began designing a follow-on aircraft to the Gulfstream G200. The new model, named G250, was launched in 2008. Planned improvements included new glass cockpit and engines, larger wing, and heated leading edges.

The G250 took its maiden flight on December 11, 2009, in Tel Aviv, Israel. In July 2011, the G250 was renamed G280, as the company had "determined that G280 is a more amenable number sequence [than G250] in certain cultures." In Mandarin, the number 250 can be translated as "stupid" or "idiotic".

After the flight test program, the G280 demonstrated a range of  at Mach 0.80 with four passengers and NBAA IFR reserves in 2011. It can fly from London to New York or Singapore to Dubai. Its balanced field length has been reduced to  from the G200's .

The G280 was provisionally certified in December 2011 by Israel. In July 2012, the US FAA released a report with conditions to ensure no security gaps in the G280's electronic systems. It received full certification from Israel and the US on September 4, 2012.
In 2021, its equipped price was $24.5M.

Design
The aerodynamic design of its wing and empennage, and design of the interior were performed by Gulfstream; detailed design was performed by IAI to Gulfstream's requirements.  It is a Gulfstream designed aircraft under a new type certificate.

The aircraft has several improvements, among them increased cabin length (external fuselage dimensions remain unchanged; the rear fuselage fuel tank was eliminated to add  of usable interior area). It has a new HTF7250G engine, new T-tail (with larger horizontal and vertical stabilizers), wing anti-ice provided by engine bleed air, cabin with four more windows and access from the cabin to the baggage compartment. It competes against the Bombardier Challenger 300 and the Cessna Citation X+. The fuselage, empennage and landing gear are manufactured by IAI, the wing by Spirit AeroSystems (now by Triumph Group), and the aircraft is assembled in Israel. It is then ferried to Dallas, Texas, for interior finishing and painting.

Its wing is a new design, using the Gulfstream G550 airfoil, and has a larger area of 495 ft2 vs. 369 ft2 of the G200. This allows the business jet to climb directly to . Design cruise for the new airfoil is Mach 0.80, vs. Mach 0.75 for the G200 wing. Flying at an altitude of  and Mach 0.82 (), each engine burns  of fuel per hour.

Military Operators

 Philippine Air Force- 1 Unit delivered in 2020 worth 2 Billion Pesos.

Specifications

See also

References

External links

 
 

2000s Israeli business aircraft
G280
G280
T-tail aircraft
Twinjets
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 2009
Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear
Ettridge Collection. The Ettridge Collection is a collection of trade literature relating to domestic appliances which was donated to the British Library by Ian Ettridge in 1997. Ettridge worked at domestic appliance manufacturers such as Electrolux, Hotpoint, Morphy Richards, Moulinex and Swan for over 45 years before his retirement.

The collection, held in the Library's Business & IP Centre, includes:
Company brochures.
Design manuals.
Product samples.
Ettridge's own technical drawings.

References 

Ettridge Collection
Home appliances
Hershel L. Herzog. Hershel L. Herzog (1924 – August 4, 1998) was a pharmaceutical researcher for Schering-Plough, then Schering Corporation, where he was ultimately appointed senior vice president of drug development in 1977.

Education 
He held a B.S. in chemical engineering from University of Illinois, and  M.S. & Ph.D from University of Southern California

References 

The Collected Original Scientific Articles of Hershel L. Herzog, Introduction. By Hershel L. Herzog, May 1989
 Hershel L. Herzog, 74, Executive And Pharmaceutical Researcher  New York Times  by David J. Morrow, August 10, 1998  
Memoir of a Life in Science and Technology (an outline), By Hershel Herzog, 1997

1924 births
1998 deaths
University of Illinois alumni
University of Southern California alumni