Heavy lift. In transportation, heavy lift refers to the handling and installation of heavy items which are indivisible, and of weights generally accepted to be over 100 tons and of widths/heights of more than 100 meters. These oversized items are transported from one place to another (sometimes across country borders), then lifted or installed into place. Characteristic for heavy-lift goods is the absence of standardization, which requires individual transport planning.

Mode Of Transport

 Road Transport
 Air Transport
 Sea Transport
 Rail Transport

Typical cargo 

Typical heavy-lift cargo includes generators, turbines, reactors, boilers, towers, casting, heaters, presses, locomotives, boats, satellites, military personnel and equipment.
In the offshore industry, parts of oil rigs and production platforms are also lifted; some of these are also removed at the end of an installation's working life.  Recent notable lifts have included several of >2000 metric tons in the de-commissioning of the North West Hutton oil field in the British sector of the North Sea.

Typical cargo consist of

 Wind turbines
 Farm machinery
 Earth moving machinery
 Cranes
 Mining equipment and accessories
 Storage tanks
 Heavy industrial components
 Construction machinery

Mode of transport

Road Transport 
Road transport of heavy and oversized load is called heavy haulage specialized equipment is used to haul these load, which are only employed for heavy-duty work. This type of transport requires route planning and escort vehicles. Road transport is carried out from or to manufacturing plants or factories.

Heavy Lift Road Equipment.
 Lowboy trailers
 Hydraulic modular trailers
 Tractor unit
 Ballast tractor
 self-propelled modular trailer
 Mobile cranes

Air Transport 

Heavy lift transport of project cargo is done using cargo planes, which are one of the largest aircraft due to the size of the load these loads are carried to or from airports via road transport. In 2021 Gebrüder Weiss a logistics company chartered an Antonov An-225 Mriya world's largest cargo plane to transport project cargo from China to Poland for a Polish factory. This was done due to scarcity of time in the COVID-19 pandemic.

Largest Cargo Planes

 Antonov An-225 Mriya
 Antonov An-124 Condor
 Boeing 747-8 Freighter
 Lockheed C-5 Galaxy
 Airbus Beluga XL

Sea Transport 
Sea transport is the preferred mode of transport for long distance due to large space and low cost when compared to air transport, but this mode of transport requires more planning and the transport itself takes long time. Loads are carried to the port via road transport, later cranes and gantry are used to place loads onto or into the vessels.

Heavy Lift Sea Equipment.

 Heavy lift ship
 Deck barge
 Roro ship
 Lolo ship
 Crane vessel
 Tugboat

Rail Transport 
For land transport, rail transport is also considered as an option for hauling heavy lift cargo over road transport due to advantages of higher speeds, bulk transportation and lower cost compared to road transport. Companies have managed to haul cargos over 250 tons and 30 meters long, and some have also started moves longer cargos like windmill blades. Disadvantage to the rail transport is the access ability and size restrictions. Railroads are not connected to airports and ports directly, ultimately the cargo has to be transmitted to road transport to reach the final destination.

Heavy Lift Rail Equipment

 Flatcar
 Crane car
 Lowmac car
 Schnabel car
 Push-pull trains

See also 

 Oversize load
 SPMT
 Cargo aircraft
 Cargo ship
 Crane
 Heavy hauler
 Jack
 Gantry
 Rigging

References

Literature 
 Pieper, Marcus: Durchführung eines Schwergut-Transportes mit Binnenschiff und Straßenfahrzeug aus technischer und organisatorischer Sicht. Bremen 1997.
 Internationale Transport-Zeitschrift; 2008, 13/14. Spezial: Break Bulk, Schwergut-Special

Freight transport
Heavy haulage
Transport