omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Global Release Identifier. The Global Release Identifier (GRid) is a system to identify releases of digital sound recordings (and other digital data) for electronic distribution. It is designed to be integrated with identification systems deployed by key stakeholders from across the music industry.

(GRid should not be confused with the Global Repertoire Database (GRD), a system to track ownership and control of musical works, which was planned from 2008–2014 but ultimately failed.)

Basic construction 
A GRid consists of 18 alphanumerical characters (numerical digits and capital letters as defined in ISO/IEC 646:1991-IRV, which is identical to ASCII) that are grouped into four elements as follows:

Identifier Scheme element (2 characters) “A1” denotes a GRid.
Issuer Code element (5 characters) A unique identifier of the organisation responsible for allocating the GRid, issued by the International GRid Authority (i.e., the IFPI).
Release Number element (10 characters) Uniquely identifies the specific bundle of digital resources compiled by the issuer, where “a digital resource is a digital fixation of an expression of an abstract work, such as a sound recording, an audio-visual recording, a photograph, software, a graphic image or a passage of text.”
Check Character element (1 character) The check character is computed according to ISO 7064:1983 Mod 37, 36.

When a GRid is written, printed or otherwise visually presented, the four elements of the
GRid should be separated from each other by a hyphen. For clarity, it can also be prefixed with “GRid:”. Neither the hyphens nor the “GRid:”-prefix form part of
the GRid. It is recommended that when a GRid is visually presented, the font used should
clearly distinguish between the digits ‘1’ and ‘0’ on the one hand, and the letters ‘I’ and ‘O’ on the other hand.

The following character strings all denote the same GRid: 
A12425GABC1234002M
A1-2425G-ABC1234002-M
GRid:A1-2425G-ABC1234002-M

Where: 
 A1 – Identifier Scheme element
 2425G – Issuer Code element
 ABC1234002 – Release Number element
 M – Check Character element

Registration 

GRid codes can be registered through becoming a GRid issuer with the IFPI or by using the GRid generator contained in the Sound Credit desktop application.

See also 
 International Standard Recording Code (ISRC)

External links 
 GRid home page of the IFPI
 Grid Standard V2.1

References

Unique identifiers
JavaPOS. JavaPOS (short for Java for Point of Sale Devices), is a standard for interfacing point of sale (POS) software, written in Java, with the specialized hardware peripherals typically used to create a point-of-sale system. The advantages are reduced POS terminal costs, platform independence, and reduced administrative costs. JavaPOS was based on a Windows POS device driver standard known as OPOS. JavaPOS and OPOS have since been folded into a common UnifiedPOS standard.

Types of hardware
JavaPOS can be used to access various types of POS hardware. A few of the hardware types that can be controlled using JavaPOS are
 POS printers (for receipts, check printing, and document franking)
 Magnetic stripe readers (MSRs)
 Magnetic ink character recognition readers (MICRs)
 Barcode scanners/readers
 Cash drawers
 Coin dispensers
 Pole displays
 PINpads
 Electronic scales

Parts
In addition to referring to the standard, the term JavaPOS is used to refer to the application programming interface (API).

The JavaPOS standard includes definitions for "Control Objects" and "Service Objects". The POS software communicates with the Control Objects. The Control Objects load and communicate with appropriate Service Objects. The Service Objects are sometimes referred to as the "JavaPOS drivers."

Control objects
The POS software interacts with the control object to control the hardware device. A common JavaPOS library is published by the standards organization with an implementation of the Control Objects of the JavaPOS standard.

Service objects
Each hardware vendor is responsible for providing Service Objects, or "JavaPOS drivers" for the hardware they sell. Depending on the vendor, drivers may be available that can communicate over USB, RS-232, RS-485, or even an Ethernet connection. The hardware vendors will typically create JavaPOS drivers that will work with Windows. The majority of vendors will also create drivers for at least one flavor of Linux, but not as many. Since there is not nearly as much marketshare to capture for Apple computers used as POS systems, only a few JavaPOS drivers would be expected to work with Mac OS X. (And those would be more likely due to happy circumstance rather than careful design.)

Historical background
The committee that initiated JavaPOS development consisted of Sun Microsystems, IBM, and NCR. The first meeting occurred in April, 1997 and the first release, JavaPOS 1.2, occurred on 28 March 1998. The final release as a separate standard was version 1.6 in July 2001. Beginning with release 1.7, a single standards document was released by a UnifiedPOS committee. That standards document is then used to create the common JavaPOS libraries for the release.

See also
Point of sale
UnifiedPOS
EFTPOS
Point of sale display
Point of Sale Malware

References

External links
 JavaPOS

Retail point of sale systems
Computer standards
Edward Charles Frome. General Edward Charles Frome (7 January 1802 – 2 November 1890) was a British Army officer and Surveyor General of South Australia.

Early life
Born in Gibraltar on 7 January 1802, Frome was orphaned early in his life. He was educated in Blackheath, London, England, where he became a close friend of Benjamin Disraeli.

Career
He received his commission in the Royal Engineers in 1825. He was involved in the Rideau Canal construction in Canada in 1827 to 1833.

In September 1839 Frome arrived in South Australia on the ship  Recovery to take up an appointment as the colony's third Surveyor General. He was also a member of the South Australian Legislative Council (2 October 1839 to 14 June 1843). He made an important contribution in surveying large areas of South Australia for new immigrants to settle upon.

He was also a competent artist and made many sketches and paintings of landscapes on his surveying expeditions. In one of his sketchbooks, there is a sketch of a Milmenrura village in the south-east of South Australia consisting of a cluster of about twelve established Aboriginal homes. It is annotated with the note "burnt by me, October 1840". This was apparently part of the retribution for the Maria massacre of shipwrecked survivors a few months earlier.

In 1843 he led an expedition to the mid-north of South Australia and was the first to accurately map Lake Frome.

After his ten-year term expired he returned to England and was subsequently stationed in Mauritius, Scotland and Gibraltar. Between 1869 and 1874 he served as Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey.

Later life and legacy
He retired in 1877 with the army rank of general, and died on 2 November 1890 at Ewell in Surrey.

His name was given to two lakes – Lake Frome in the state's north-east and Lake Frome in the state's south-east; Frome River in the Lake Eyre basin; and Frome Road, a major thoroughfare in Adelaide.

The South Australian Electoral district of Frome, named after him, has existed in several incarnations since 1884. The latest incarnation has existed since 1991, but in 2024 the Electoral Districts Boundaries Commission announced that at the 2026 state election its name would be changed to Ngadjuri, due to concerns over Frome's involvement in acts of retribution following the Maria massacre.

See also
History of Adelaide
Water Witch (1835 cutter)

References

 McGrath, Sandra; & Olsen, John. (1981). The Artist and the Desert. Bay Books: Sydney. 

|-

1802 births
1890 deaths
History of Adelaide
Explorers of South Australia
British Army generals
Gibraltarian military personnel
19th-century British Army personnel
Military personnel from Surrey
Royal Engineers officers
Graduates of the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich
19th-century British painters
British male painters
Gibraltarian emigrants to England
Surveyors General of South Australia
Members of the South Australian Legislative Council
Colony of South Australia people
19th-century Australian politicians
19th-century British male artists
Registered power zone. A registered power zone (RPZ) is an area of the National Grid (UK) network, geographical or electrical, specifically designated for the research, development and demonstration (R,D&D) of new technologies concerning the power network. Specifically to develop solutions to the problems associated with connecting generating capacity at the distribution network level.

Current RPZ
There are currently three registered power zones in the UK, operated by different distribution network operators:

 Skegness and The Fens, operated by Central Networks
 Island of Orkney, operated by Scottish Hydro Electric
 Marsham primary, operated by EDF Energy

Future development
The scheme has been successful in initializing development of tools, computer software and devices to facilitate the connection of distributed/embedded generation. This is essential to the growth of renewable energy usage in the UK. It is hoped that the most successful outputs of the RPZ schemes can be rolled out nationwide after 2010.

References 

National Grid (Great Britain)
Electric power in the United Kingdom
SIAI S.9. The SIAI Savoia S.9 was an Italian reconnaissance flying boat, manufactured by Societa Idrovolanti Alta Italia (S.I.A.I.) from 1918. The wing structure was unusual by being a single-bay biplane wing, with additional struts mounted mid-bay at the junction of the flying and landing wires, so that it appeared to have a two-bay wing. The S.9 was also licence-built in France by CAMS (Chantiers Aéro-Maritimes de la Seine) as the CAMS C.9.

Operators

Finnish Air Force

Corpo Aeronautico Militare
Regia Aeronautica

Specifications (S.9)

References

Further reading

 

S.09
1920s Italian military reconnaissance aircraft
Biplanes
Flying boats
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1918
Stochastically stable equilibrium. In game theory, a stochastically stable equilibrium is a refinement of the evolutionarily stable state in evolutionary game theory, proposed by Dean Foster and Peyton Young. An evolutionary stable state S is also stochastically stable if under vanishing noise, the probability that the population is in the vicinity of state S does not go to zero.

The concept is extensively used in models of learning in populations, where "noise" is used to model experimentation or replacement of unsuccessful players with new players (random mutation). Over time, as the need for experimentation dies down or the population becomes stable, the population will converge towards a subset of evolutionarily stable states. Foster and Young have shown that this subset is the set of states with the highest potential.

References

 Dean P. Foster and H. Peyton Young: "Stochastic Evolutionary Game Dynamics", Theoretical Population Biology 38(2), pp. 219–232(1990) Abstract

Game theory equilibrium concepts
Evolutionary game theory
SDS-1. The Small Demonstration Satellite (SDS) is a spacecraft or satellite which is built as part of a JAXA programme to develop and demonstrate technology for and through small satellites.  One of the mid-term goals is also to demonstrate formation flying.  SDS-1 launched aboard an H-IIA rocket on 23 January 2009, as a secondary payload to GOSAT.  The operation finished successfully on September 8, 2010.

The programme started in spring 2006, and continues on from the MicroLabSat spacecraft, which was launched on 14 December 2002, and ceased operations on 27 September 2006.

The following experiments were aboard:
MTP (Multi-mode integrated Transponder) 
SWIM (SpaceWire demonstration Module) 
AMI (Advanced Micro processing In-orbit experiment equipment) 
TFC (Thin Film Solar Cell) 
DOS (Small Dosimeter) 
Small satellite bus technology experiment. 
Total mass of the satellite is 100 kg.

References

External links 

eoPortal Directory - SDS-1

Satellites of Japan
Spacecraft launched in 2009
Spacecraft launched by H-II rockets
Derelict satellites orbiting Earth
Ethernet over PDH. Ethernet over PDH or EoPDH is one of many techniques that provided Ethernet connectivity over non-Ethernet networks.  Specifically, EoPDH is a standardized methodology for transporting native Ethernet frames over the existing telecommunications copper infrastructure by leveraging the established PDH transport technology. EoPDH is one of several Ethernet transport technologies that enables Telecommunication Service Providers to offer "Carrier Ethernet" services. Also commonly used as a means of connecting businesses to a Metro Ethernet network.

EoPDH is based on a collection of technologies and standards that allow telecommunications Carriers to make use of their extensive networks of legacy PDH and SONET/SDH (Synchronous Digital Hierarchy) equipment to provide new Ethernet services.  In addition, the collection of EoPDH standards provide for interoperability and the gradual migration of Carriers to Ethernet network.

General Description 
EoPDH is a standardized methodology for transporting native Ethernet frames over PDH links such as T1, E1, or DS3. The technologies used in EoPDH include GFP frame encapsulation, Ethernet Mapping, Virtual Concatenation,  Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme, and Management Messaging (OAM ). Common practices in EoPDH equipment also include the tagging of traffic for separation into virtual networks, prioritization of user traffic, and a broad range of higher-layer applications such as DHCP servers and HTML user interfaces.

Related Standards 
Standards from the ITU-T:
 ITU-T G.7041 Generic Framing Procedure
 ITU-T G.7042 Link Capacity Adjustment Scheme
 ITU-T G.7043 Virtual concatenation of plesiochronous digital hierarchy (PDH) signals
 ITU-T G.8040 GFP frame mapping into Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy (PDH)
 ITU-T Y.1730 Requirements for OAM functions
 ITU-T Y.1731 OAM functions and mechanisms

See also
 Ethernet over SONET and Ethernet over SDH
 Ethernet over PDH over SONET/SDH
 Packet over SONET/SDH
 Metro Ethernet

External links
 Ethernet-over-PDH Technology Overview
 EoPDH Equipment 
 Flash clip explaining EoPDH and EoPDH Equipment 

PDH
Synchronous optical networking
Michael Loren Mauldin. Michael Loren "Fuzzy" Mauldin () (born March 23, 1959) is an American retired computer scientist and the inventor of the Lycos web search engine.

He has written 2 books, 10 refereed papers, and several technical reports on natural-language processing, autonomous information agents, information retrieval, and expert systems. He is also one of the authors of Rog-O-Matic and Julia, a Turing test competitor in the Loebner Prize.

Verbot, a defunct chatbot program, is based on Mauldin's work.

Mauldin is an active competitor in the Robot Fighting League.

Early life and education
Mauldin was born on March 23, 1959, in Dallas, Texas, to Jimmie Alton Mauldin and Marilyn Jean Taylor. In 1974 the family moved to Midland, Texas and Michael enrolled in Midland High School and graduated valedictorian in 1977. In 1981, he received a bachelor's degree from Rice University. In 1983, he received master's degree and in 1989, he received a Ph.D., both from Carnegie Mellon University (CMU). His Ph.D. advisor was Jaime Carbonell.

Career
In 1994, while working at CMU on the Informedia Digital Library project, Mauldin created Lycos from 3 pages of code. Along with CMU, he sold 80% of the company to CMGI for $2 million.

In 1996, Lycos was the fastest company ever to become a public company via an initial public offering. Mauldin sold his stake in Lycos during the dot-com bubble and retired.

In 1997, he left Lycos to form Conversive with Peter Plantec. The company was an artificial intelligence software company that created self-animated computer-generated human characters. He remained on the board of directors of the company until 2013, when it was acquired by Avaya.

In 2000, after watching BattleBots, Mauldin built a robot and became a successful competitor in robot combat. 

In August 2015, he became a member of the board of directors of Lycos, now owned by Suresh Reddy.

In 2017, he appeared on Robot Wars as the team captain for the "rest of the world" team.

Patents
Mauldin is the inventor or co-inventor of the following 4 patents:

 US 5,748,954 - "Method for searching a queued and ranked constructed catalog of files stored on a network"
 US 5,835,667 - "Method and apparatus for creating a searchable digital video library and a system and method of using such a library"
 US 5,664,227 - "System and method for skimming digital audio/video data"
 US 7,253,817 - "Virtual human interface for conducting surveys"

Personal life
Mauldin is married to Debbie and they have grown children. In addition to robot combat, they enjoy traveling via recreational vehicle and driving his Jeep Wrangler Sahara through the desert. They owned an 81-acre ranch near Austin, Texas. He is also an active bowler with a Brunswick Pearl engraved with his name "Fuzzy". Mauldin was recruited by Google but opted to stay retired.

References

1959 births
American computer scientists
Carnegie Mellon University alumni
Living people
Rice University alumni
Velox. Velox, is a Latin word meaning "swift" or "rapid". Velox may also refer to:

Vehicles
Velox (execution engine), a C++ open source composable execution engine for data management systems
Heine-Velox, a luxury car made by Gustav Heine
HMS Velox (D34), a British 'V' class destroyer built in 1918
ST Velox, a tugboat in service with D Tripcovich & Co, Italy from 1956-76
Vauxhall 30-98 Velox, a British sports and racing car made between 1913 and 1927
Vauxhall Velox (L-Type), a British medium-sized saloon car between 1948 and 1965
Vickers Velox, a variant of the Vickers Vellore aircraft, also written as Vellox
, an early Czech automobile manufacturer based in Karlín

Sport
Velox (football club), one of the predecessors of the Dutch football club FC Utrecht
Velox Valhallians, a rugby club located in Victoria, British Columbia, on Vancouver Island

Other
Oi Velox, the brand name for Oi's ADSL service
 Velox boiler, a forced-circulation boiler
Velox photographic paper, invented by Leo Baekeland in 1893
Velox (fireboat), a New York City fireboat
Velox (mantis), a genus in family Liturgusidae
Hydrospace. The Hydrospace is the world's first four-stroke stand-up jet ski, or personal watercraft. It was introduced in October 2005 by Hydrospace. In 2007, Hydrospace changed their name to HSR-Benelli following the acquisition of Benelli Motori (related to, but unaffiliated with, Benelli shotguns or Benelli motorcycles).

The company originated in Pöchlarn, Austria, with sales networks worldwide. The Hydrospace is a single-passenger stand-up watercraft which was designed primarily for racing. Until 2008, the only model offered was the "Hydrospace S4", with a retail price of around US$15,000.

The S4 is powered by a two-cylinder water-cooled four-stroke engine with a displacement of 749cc, rated at 110 horsepower. The engine is equipped with a turbocharger from the factory, operating at 7.7 pounds per square inch of boost.  The engine uses 91 US octane minimum gasoline.

The S4 has a dry weight of , making it the second-heaviest stand-up ever made, second only to Sea-doo's 3D which had a dry weight of .  As of the October 2016 unveiling of the Kawasaki SXR1500 at , the S4 is now the third-heaviest stand-up.

Although touted as being the most advanced stand-up ever manufactured, the S4 has been plagued with problems. They have, however, been resolved over the years. In 2008, the newly formed HSR-Benelli released additional models of personal watercraft, including a new runabout model.

HSR-Benelli has succeeded in winning several World Championship titles since 2006. In December, HSR-Benelli changed its name to Benelli srl, moved to Pesaro in Italy and is working on a new generation of PWCs which will be available for 2012.

The 2010 model line includes 

 S4 black and white
 Series-R Sport Edition

External links
Benelli Group

Personal water craft
KC Space Pirates. In May 20, 2021, KC Space Pirates won one of 4 $50,000 second place prizes in phase 1 of NASA's  Watts on the Moon Challenge.

KC Space Pirates competed in the 2006, 2007, and 2009 Space Elevator Games. Prize money was from the NASA Centennial Challenges Power Beaming Challenge.

The competition was put on by the Spaceward Foundation. The goal of the competition was to encourage universities and groups to research and create designs for beaming power to distant objects. For the competition Spaceward used the Space Elevator concept to make it more challenging and to help show how beamed power could work. NASA has put up the top prize of up to 2,000,000 ($900,000 for the 2 meters/second category and $1,100,000 for the 5 meters/second category) for the 2009 competition.  The 2 meters/second prize was won during the 2009 competition. The 5 m/s challenge remained open for the 2010 competition that was canceled.

The competition was in the form of a race, 1 km (3,281 ft) straight up. The climbers are unmanned, have a maximum allowed weight of 25 kg (55 lbs), and may use no fuel or batteries to climb—they must only be powered by beamed energy. So far, the top designs have been reflected sunlight and laser. The KC Space Pirates used sunlight reflected off of a large array of mirrors concentrated onto a highly efficient array of solar cells in 2006 and 2007.  They switched to using an infrared laser for the 2009 competition.

The KC Space Pirates was the only 2009 team to have a fully automated laser tracking system.  They did well in each competition but fell short of the money.

References

External links
Space Elevator Competition web site
KC Space Pirates web site
12 minute broadcast segment on the competition by PBS Nova
NASA page on the Space Elevator
CNN article

Space organizations
Organizations based in the United States
Space elevator
Puzzlehead. Puzzlehead is a 2005 American science fiction thriller film starring Stephen Galaida, Robbie Shapiro, and Mark Janis. It was written and directed by James Bai and the film debuted at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 21, 2005 before opening in limited release in New York City on March 23, 2006.

Plot 
Walter, a scientist living in a dark world where technology has been outlawed, secretly works to create a self-aware android in his own likeness. This android, named Puzzlehead by Walter, acts as the scientist's companion and his connection to the outside world; all the time developing his own personality and self-awareness in the manner of a learning child. The android and his maker turn against one another when Puzzlehead pursues Julia, a woman who does not know Walter has feelings for her.

Awards and nominations
 ‘Puzzlehead’ Won the Jury Award for Best Special Effects at the Austin Fantastic Festival.

Cast 
 Stephen Galaida - Puzzlehead/Walter
 Robbie Shapiro - Julia
 Mark Janis

Filming locations 
 Brooklyn, New York

Reception
The film has a 100% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 7 reviews.

References

External links 
 
 

2005 films
2005 science fiction films
2005 thriller films
2000s American films
2000s English-language films
2000s science fiction thriller films
American robot films
American science fiction thriller films
English-language science fiction thriller films
Films about androids