omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Jakarta Standard Tag Library. The Jakarta Standard Tag Library (JSTL; formerly JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library) is a component of the Java EE Web application development platform. It extends the JSP specification by adding a tag library of JSP tags for common tasks, such as XML data processing, conditional execution, database access, loops and internationalization.

Specification 
JSTL was developed under the Java Community Process (JCP) as Java Specification Request (JSR) 52. On May 8, 2006, JSTL 1.2 was released, followed by JSTL 1.2.1 on Dec 7, 2011.

In addition to JSTL, the JCP has the following JSRs to develop standard JSP tag libraries:
 JSR 128: JESI – JSP Tag Library for Edge Side Includes (inactive)
 JSR 267: JSP Tag Library for Web Services

General Responsibilities 
JSTL provides an effective way to embed logic within a JSP page without using embedded Java code directly. The use of a standardized tag set, rather than breaking in and out of Java code, leads to more maintainable code and enables separation of concerns between the development of the application code and user interface.

Tag Library Descriptor 
There are a total of six JSTL Tag Library Descriptors:
 Core library. E.g.  and 
 i18n-capable formatting library
 Database tag library, contains tags for querying, creating and updating database table.
 XML library
 functions library
 TLVs allow translation-time validation of the XML view of a JSP page. The TLVs provided by JSTL allow tag library authors to enforce restrictions regarding the use of scripting elements and permitted tag libraries in JSP pages.
A Tag Library Descriptor is also known as TLD. A TLD is an XML document, so it is case-sensitive.

Core Library 
The JSTL core library is the most commonly used library  and holds the core tags for common tasks. Examples of common tasks include if/else statements and loops.  It is mandatory to use a taglib directive to specify the URI of the JSTL core library using a prefix. Although there are many options for the prefix, the c prefix is most commonly chosen prefix for this library.

See also 
 Unified Expression Language

Citations

References

External links 
 
 JakartaEE JSTL specification
 JSTL TLDDocs
 JSR 52 (JSTL 1.0, 1.1, and 1.2)
 Jakarta Standard Taglib 1.1, an implementation of JSTL (retired)
 Apache Standard Taglib an implementation of the JSP Standard Tag Library (JSTL) specification
 JSTL 1.0 Referenz (German) 
 JSTL 1.2 home page 
 Official Tutorial: The Java EE 5 Tutorial, Chapter 7, JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library
 JSTL 1.1 References
 JSF 2.1 Facelets Tag Library Documentation
 OWASP ESAPI Tags (as JSTL does not offer any tags for website security)

Java enterprise platform
Java specification requests
20 Mule Team Borax. 20 Mule Team Borax is a brand of cleaner manufactured in the United States by The Dial Corporation, a subsidiary of Henkel. The product primarily consists of borax, also known as sodium borate, sodium tetraborate, or disodium tetraborate, and is named after the 20-mule teams that were used by William Tell Coleman's company to move borax out of Death Valley, California, to the nearest rail spur between 1883 and 1889.

Related products
 Bleach, Borateem Plus bleach substitute and 20 Mule Team Borax were all once manufactured by United States Borax & Chemical Corporation (n.k.a. US Borax, Inc.). Borateem products originally contained over 98% borax. Borateem, now manufactured by Dial Corporation, is a chlorine-free, color safe bleach powder but it has no borax content.

, also originally a 20 Mule Team product, was a borax-based powdered hand soap manufactured in the past by Pacific Coast Borax Company, then by US Borax via merger, and finally acquired by Dial. The Boraxo line expanded to include powdered and liquid hand cleaners but was discontinued by Dial in 2021 or 2022.

History
20-mule teams were first used by Francis Marion Smith to move borax out of the desert. Smith subsequently acquired Coleman's holdings in 1890 and consolidated them with his own to form the Pacific Coast Borax Company. After the 20-mule teams were replaced by a new rail spur, the name 20 Mule Team Borax was established and aggressively promoted by Pacific Coast Borax to increase sales.

Stephen Mather, son of J. W. Mather, the administrator of the company's New York office, persuaded Smith to add the name 20 Mule Team Borax to accompany the sketch of the mule team already on the box. The 20-mule team symbol was first used in 1891 and registered in 1894. In 1988, just over 20 years after the acquisition of U.S. Borax by Rio Tinto Group, the Boraxo, Borateem and 20-Mule Team product lines were sold to Dial Corporation by U.S. Borax.

Dial is now an American consumer products unit of Henkel.

References

External links
Dial's product information page
Rio Tinto's 20 Mule Team Borax official site
20-mule Team Borax History - DesertUSA

Cleaning product brands
Death Valley
Dial Corporation brands
Products introduced in 1891
Borates
Sri Taralabalu Jagadguru Institute of Technology. The Sri Taralabalu Jagadguru Institute of Technology (popularly known as STJIT) is a school of engineering situated in Ranibennur, a town in the northern Karnataka state of India. The college is affiliated with Visveswaraiah Technological University (VTU), and courses conducted by it are recognized by All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) in New Delhi.

Situated on the outskirts of the town, the college campus includes a bank, hostel facilities for its students, libraries, computer labs, classrooms, and cricket and football fields.

References

External links
 Official website

All India Council for Technical Education
Engineering colleges in Karnataka
Affiliates of Visvesvaraya Technological University
Universities and colleges in Haveri district
Educational institutions in India with year of establishment missing
GE Dash 9-40CW. The GE Dash 9-40CW is a  diesel-electric locomotive built by GE Transportation Systems of Erie, Pennsylvania, between January 1996 and December 2004. 1,090 were built for Norfolk Southern Railway, as road numbers 8889 to 9978. 53 GE Dash 8-44CWs built to Dash 9 specifications were also built for CSX Transportation, carrying road numbers 9000 to 9052.

Part of GE's "Dash 9" series of locomotives, the Dash 9-40CW shares its frame, HiAd trucks, 16-cylinder 7FDL engine, and 752AH-31 traction motors with the GE Dash 9-44CW. But while the more common 9-44CW offers , software in the 9-40CW's engine-governing unit restricts its power output to , although the engineer can override this restriction when desired. The Dash 9-40CW was basically an extension of the previous order for the standard cab GE Dash 9-40C, built under the same premise that a lower power rating would prolong the life of the engine and use less fuel.

Early production units built for CSX were designed with carbodies externally identical to the predecessor Dash 8-40CW with the first three units of the series also being built on Dash 8-40CW frames, and were designated C44-8W originally, as they were built as 4400 horsepower units before being downrated to 4000 horsepower. The CSX units were equipped with GSC ''Floating Bolster'' 3 Trucks instead of the standard Hi-ad trucks commonly found on later models.

In 2005, GE replaced the C40-9W in its locomotive catalog with the Evolution Series model, the ES40DC. Like the Dash 9-40CWs, Norfolk Southern's ES40DC locomotives are rated at  to conserve fuel. The change in output is accomplished electronically; mechanically, the two models are essentially the same.

BB40-9W 
GE also produced a narrow-gauge version of the Dash 9-40CW, known as the BB40-9W. All 141 examples of this locomotive are owned by the EFVM railroad in Brazil. They are equipped with four type B trucks, two at each end replacing the conventional type C trucks. This is necessary because EFVM tracks are  narrow gauge. Unlike the North American axle load limit of 71,500 lb (32.4 tonnes) on standard gauge railways, the narrow gauge railway over which the units operate allows only 51190 lb (25 tonnes). The units are numbered 1113 to 1253.

References

 

Dash 9-40CW
C-C locomotives
Diesel–electric locomotives of the United States
Freight locomotives
Norfolk Southern Railway locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
Railway locomotives introduced in 1996

ja:GE Dash 9シリーズ
Telluride mineral. A telluride mineral is a mineral that has the telluride anion as a main component.

Tellurides are similar to sulfides and are grouped with them in both the Dana and Strunz mineral classification systems.

Examples include:

 altaite
 calaverite
 coloradoite
 empressite
 hessite
 kostovite
 krennerite
 melonite
 merenskyite
 petzite
 rickardite
 stützite
 sylvanite
 tellurobismuthite
 temagamite
 tetradymite
 vulcanite

See also
 Cripple Creek & Victor Gold Mine

References
Highway Products, Inc.. Highway Products, Inc., based in Kent, Ohio, was formed by Joseph Thomas 'Joe' Myers in 1960 to manufacture truck bodies for specialty markets such as mobile post offices. In addition to mail trucks and mobile post offices the company also manufactured small boats for both military and commercial use, missile launchers and engines. The company diversified into small transit buses and motorhomes in the late 1960s and early 1970s and was sold to Alco Standard Corporation in 1970; the Highway Products division of Alco Standard declared bankruptcy in 1975, ending production.

History
The Twin Coach company, based in Kent and founded in 1927 by the brothers William B. and Frank R. Fageol, sold its bus manufacturing operation to Flxible in 1953, and Twin Coach would go on to sell its marine engine division in 1958 after Louis J. Fageol (son of Frank) retired. Twin Coach consolidated its remaining aircraft fuselage and wing manufacturing in Cheektowaga, New York, and Joe Myers initially leased a portion of the original Twin Coach factory in Kent to produce products for his new company, producing small and medium vehicles primarily on government contracts, then purchased a portion of the factory in 1962.

In 1968 Highway Products introduced a 25-passenger bus and sold it under the Twin Coach name as the TC-25. A 29-passenger TC-29 joined the lineup in 1969; the two models were sized identically, but the TC-29 had an extra row of seats instead of a rear door. The buses were powered by the Chrysler 440. Joe Myers sold the company to Alco-Standard in 1970. Approximately 900 buses were built under the Twin Coach name before production stopped in October 1975, due to bankruptcy.

Alco Standard's subsidiary Kent Industries bought the Cortez Motor Home line of products from Clark Forklift Company in 1970 and manufactured the motor homes in the Kent production facilities of Highway Products.

Joe Myers
Joe Myers also served as the President of the Davey Tree Expert Company and was married to John Davey's granddaughter, Marilyn Davey.

References

External links

Defunct bus manufacturers of the United States
Kent, Ohio
Defunct manufacturing companies based in Ohio
Sujoy K. Guha. Sujoy Kumar Guha is an Indian biomedical engineer. He was born in Patna, India, 20 June 1940. He did his undergraduate degree (B.Tech.) in electrical engineering from IIT Kharagpur, followed by a master's degree in electrical engineering at IIT, and another master's degree from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. Guha later received his Ph.D. in medical physiology from St. Louis University.

Guha founded the Centre for Biomedical Engineering. He obtained his MBBS degree from the University College of Medical Sciences, Delhi University. One of the founders of biomedical engineering in India, Guha is internationally known in the areas of rehabilitation engineering, bioengineering in reproductive medicine, and technology for rural health care. He has received several awards and has more than 100 research papers in cited journals. In 2003, he became a chair professor at IIT Kharagpur. He was awarded the Padma Shri, India's fourth-highest civilian honor in 2020.

Guha's major contributions have been in the invention and development of the non-hormonal polymer-based injectable male contraceptive (RISUG), for which the final Phase III clinical trials were completed in 2019.

References

1940 births
Bengali people
Indian bioengineers
20th-century Indian biologists
Living people
Delhi University alumni
IIT Kharagpur alumni
University of Illinois alumni
St. Xavier's Patna alumni
Scientists from Patna
Recipients of the Padma Shri in science & engineering
Kockums Crane. The Kockums Crane () is a  high gantry crane in the Hyundai Heavy Industries shipyard in Ulsan, South Korea. It was originally used at the Kockums shipyard  in Malmö, Sweden.

History 
It was built in 1973–74 and could lift . The gauge of crane's rails was  and the rail length . The crane was used to build about 75 ships. Its last use in Malmö was in mid-1997, when it lifted the foundations of the high pillars of the Öresund Bridge.

The crane was first sold in the early 1990s to the Danish company Burmeister & Wain but the company went bankrupt before the crane could be moved.

The crane was a landmark of Malmö from its time of construction until its dismantling in the summer of 2002, when it was shipped to Ulsan, after being sold to Hyundai Heavy Industries for $1. The Koreans have dubbed the crane 말뫼의 눈물 (Tears of Malmö), because the residents of Malmö reportedly wept when they saw their crane being towed away.

Locations 

Former location:    ("Kockums Crane")
Today's location:  ("Tears of Malmö")

At Ulsan the crane is located on a tongue of land within the Bangeo-dong quarter right at the mouth of the Taehwa River. Additionally a second gantry crane with a lifting capacity of  was subsequently erected nearby. The two cranes share a common working area. "Tears of Malmö" is the more southern of the two.

See also

Big Blue
Breakwater Crane Railway
Eriksberg Crane
Finnieston Crane
Fairbairn steam crane
Left Coast Lifter
Mastekranen
Samson & Goliath
Taisun
Titan Clydebank

References

External links

 
  (in Swedish) – (Kockums Crane becomes Hyundai Crane, pictures from South Korea, km-malmo.se)
  (in Swedish) – (Malmö Shipyard History Association, pictures of the crane)
  – (report on installation of crane at Ulsan, HHI 2004)
 Video of the dismantling on YouTube

Former buildings and structures in Malmö
Buildings and structures in Ulsan
Individual cranes (machines)
Shipyard cranes
Buildings and structures completed in 1974
Goliath cranes
Rubidium oxide. Rubidium oxide is the chemical compound with the formula . Rubidium oxide is highly reactive towards water, and therefore it would not be expected to occur naturally.  The rubidium content in minerals is often calculated and quoted in terms of .  In reality, the rubidium is typically present as a component of (actually, an impurity in) silicate or aluminosilicate.  A major source of rubidium is lepidolite, , wherein Rb sometimes replaces K.

 is a yellow colored solid.  The related species , and  are colorless, pale-yellow, and orange, respectively.

The alkali metal oxides  crystallise in the antifluorite structure. In the antifluorite motif, the positions of the anions and cations are reversed relative to their positions in CaF2, with rubidium ions 4-coordinate (tetrahedral) and oxide ions 8-coordinate (cubic).

Properties
Like other alkali metal oxides, Rb2O is a strong base.  Thus, Rb2O reacts exothermically with water to form rubidium hydroxide.
Rb2O  +  H2O  →  2 RbOH
So reactive is Rb2O toward water that it is considered hygroscopic.  Upon heating, Rb2O reacts with hydrogen to rubidium hydroxide and rubidium hydride:
Rb2O  +  H2  →  RbOH  +  RbH

Synthesis
For laboratory use, RbOH is usually used in place of the oxide. RbOH can be purchased for ca. US$5/g (2006).  The hydroxide is more useful, less reactive toward atmospheric moisture, and less expensive than the oxide.

As for most alkali metal oxides, the best synthesis of Rb2O does not entail oxidation of the metal but reduction of the anhydrous nitrate:
10 Rb  +  2 RbNO3  →  6 Rb2O  +  N2

Typical for alkali metal hydroxides, RbOH cannot be dehydrated to the oxide.  Instead, the hydroxide can be decomposed to the oxide (by reduction of the hydrogen ion) using Rb metal:
2 Rb  +  2 RbOH  →  2 Rb2O  +  H2

Metallic Rb reacts with O2, as indicated by its tendency to rapidly tarnish in air.  The tarnishing process is relatively colorful as it proceeds via bronze-colored Rb6O and copper-colored Rb9O2.  The suboxides of rubidium that have been characterized by X-ray crystallography include Rb9O2 and Rb6O,  as well as the mixed Cs-Rb suboxides Cs11O3Rbn (n = 1, 2, 3).

The final product of oxygenation of Rb is principally RbO2, rubidium superoxide:

Rb  +  O2  →  RbO2

This superoxide can then be reduced to Rb2O using excess rubidium metal:

3 Rb  +  RbO2  →  2 Rb2O

References

Further reading
 
 
 

Rubidium compounds
Bases (chemistry)
Oxides
Fluorite crystal structure
HSM. HSM or H.S.M. may refer to:

Entertainment
 High School Musical (disambiguation)

Organisations
 Harakat al-Shabaab Mujahedeen or Al-Shabaab, a Somali insurgent group
 Hollandsche IJzeren Spoorweg-Maatschappij, a former Netherlands railway
 Holy Spirit Movement, Uganda
 HSM (company), an American company (previously Hickory Springs)

Science and technology
 Hardware security module, a physical computing device 
 Hepatosplenomegaly, enlargement of the liver and the spleen
 Hierarchical Storage Manager, an IBM program Product for MVS and a component of Data Facility Storage Management Subsystem/MVS
 Hierarchical storage management, in data storage
 Hierarchical state machine, in computer science
 Hyper Sonic Motor, Sigma ultrasonic motor lens focusing technology

Other uses
Historic Sites and Monuments in Antarctica
Horsham Airport, Australia, by IATA code
Humanitarian Service Medal, a U.S. military award

See also
HMS (disambiguation)
Jan Hajek (mathematician). Jan Hajek is a Czech scientist and mathematician, living in the Netherlands. He participated in the creation of the TCP/IP protocol. He also created 'Approver', "which was probably the first tool for the automated verification of concurrent systems".

Hajek is best known for his work on probabilistic causation indicated by relative risk, attributable risk and by formulas of I.J. Good, Kemeny, Popper, Sheps/Cheng, Pearl and Google's Brin, for data mining, epidemiology, evidence-based medicine, economy, investments or Causal INSIGHTS INSIDE for data mining to fight data tsunami and confounding.

References

External links
Jan Hajek Webpage

Dutch computer scientists
Czech computer scientists
Czech expatriates in the Netherlands
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Duff Abrams. Duff A. Abrams (1880–1965) was an American researcher in the field of composition and properties of concrete. He developed the basic methods for testing concrete characteristics that remain in use. A professor with the Lewis Institute, he studied the component materials of concrete in the early 20th century.

Abrams was researcher, professor, and director of the research laboratory of the Portland Cement Association in Chicago. He was elected in 1915 a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was also president of the American Concrete Association (ACI) from 1930 to 1931. He was awarded the Frank P. Brown Medal in 1942.

Abrams investigated the influence of the composition of concrete mixes on the strength of the end product. Some of the results of his research were: the definition of the concept of fineness modulus; the definition of the water–cement ratio; a concrete slump test for the workability of a concrete mix by using what the Abrams cone. In a comprehensive research program, Abrams established the relationship between the water–cement ratio and the compressive strength of concrete. The results were first published in 1918 in D. A. Abrams, Design of Concrete Mixtures, Bulletin 1, Structural Materials Research Laboratory, Lewis Institute, Chicago, 1918.

Bibliography
 1913 –  Tests of Bond Between Concrete and Steel
 1918 – Design of Concrete Mixtures (The effect of the water content and the grain size and grain size distribution on the compressive strength of concrete. Test methods for the water-cement ratio and fineness modulus). 
 1919 – Effect of Curing Condition on Wear and Strength of Concrete (Describing 120 tests on cylinder-shaped samples and 300 tests on cubic samples in various moisture conditions and testing periods varying from 3 days to 4 months). 
 1919 – Effect of Fineness of Cement on Plasticity and Strength of Concrete  (Experimental research on the effect of the fineness of concrete and various types of additives on plasticity and strength). 
 1920 – Effect of Hydrated Lime and Other Powdered Admixtures in Concrete 
 1920 – Effect of Storage of Cement  (Investigation of storage conditions for periods up to 5 years). 
 1920 – Effect of Tannic Acid on Strength of Concrete 
 1921 – Quantities of Materials for Concrete, D. A. Abrams en Stanton Walker  (Recipes for concrete reporting its strength after 28 days of curing ranging from 2000 to 4000 psi). 
 1922 – Flexural Strength of Plain Concrete  (Relationship between flexural strength and compressive strength)

References

External links
 
 An extract - Design of Concrete Mixtures
 List of Publications by D.A. Abrams on scholar.google.com

1880 births
1965 deaths
American civil engineers
Concrete pioneers
People from Cook County, Illinois
Engineers from Illinois
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Perfect conductor. In electrostatics, a perfect conductor is an idealized model for real conducting materials. The defining property of a perfect conductor is that static electric field and the charge density both vanish in its interior. If the conductor has excess charge, it accumulates as an infinitesimally thin layer of surface charge. An external electric field is screened from the interior of the material by rearrangement of the surface charge.

Alternatively, a perfect conductor is an idealized material exhibiting infinite electrical conductivity or, equivalently, zero resistivity (cf. perfect dielectric). While perfect electrical conductors do not exist in nature, the concept is a useful model when electrical resistance is negligible compared to other effects. One example is ideal magnetohydrodynamics, the study of perfectly conductive fluids. Another example is electrical circuit diagrams, which carry the implicit assumption that the wires connecting the components have no resistance. Yet another example is in computational electromagnetics, where perfect conductor can be simulated faster, since the parts of equations that take finite conductivity into account can be neglected.

Properties of perfect conductors
Perfect conductors:
have exactly zero electrical resistancea steady current within a perfect conductor will flow without losing energy to resistance. Resistance is what causes heating in conductors, thus a perfect conductor will generate no heat. Since energy is not being lost to heat, the current will not dissipate; it will flow indefinitely within the perfect conductor until there exists no potential difference.
require a constant magnetic fluxthe magnetic flux within the perfect conductor must be constant with time. Any external field applied to a perfect conductor will have no effect on its internal field configuration.

Distinction between a perfect conductor and a superconductor
Superconductors, in addition to having no electrical resistance, exhibit quantum effects such as the Meissner effect and quantization of magnetic flux.

In perfect conductors, the interior magnetic field must remain fixed but can have a zero or nonzero value. In real superconductors, all magnetic flux is expelled during the phase transition to superconductivity (the Meissner effect), and the magnetic field is always zero within the bulk of the superconductor.

See also 
 Persistent current

References

Superconductivity
Computational electromagnetics