omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Diomidis Spinellis. Diomidis D. Spinellis (; 2 February 1967, Athens) is a Greek computer science academic and author of the books Code Reading, Code Quality, Beautiful Architecture (co-author) and Effective Debugging.

Education
Spinellis holds a Master of Engineering degree in Software Engineering and a Ph.D. in Computer Science both from Imperial College London. His PhD was supervised by Susan Eisenbach and Sophia Drossopoulou.

Career and research
He is a professor at the Department of Management Science and Technology at the Athens University of Economics and Business, and a member of the IEEE Software editorial board, contributing the Tools of the Trade column. Since 2014, he is also editor-in-chief of IEEE Software. Spinellis is a four-time winner of the International Obfuscated C Code Contest in 1988, 1990, 1991 and 1995.

He is also a committer in the FreeBSD project, and author of a number of popular free or open-source systems: the UMLGraph declarative UML diagram generator, the bib2xhtml BibTeX to XHTML converter, the outwit Microsoft Windows data with command line programs integration tool suite, the CScout source code analyzer and refactoring browser, the socketpipe fast inter-process communication plumbing utility and directed graph shell the directed graph Unix shell for big data and stream processing pipelines.

In 2008, together with a collaborator, Spinellis claimed that "red links" (a Wikipedia slang for wikilinks that lead to non-existing pages) is what drives Wikipedia growth.

On 5 November 2009 he was appointed the General Secretary of Information Systems at the Greek Ministry of Finance. In October 2011, he resigned citing personal reasons.

On 20 March 2015 he was elected President of Open Technologies Alliance (GFOSS). GFOSS is a non-profit organization founded in 2008, 36 Universities and Research Centers are shareholders of GFOSS.  The main goal of GFOSS is to promote Openness through the use and the development of Open Standards and Open Technologies in Education, Public Administration and Business in Greece. Spinellis uses open-source software to teach software engineering to his students.

References

1967 births
Alumni of the Department of Computing, Imperial College London
Greek computer programmers
Computer systems researchers
Greek computer scientists
Living people
Software engineers
Greek technology writers
Academic staff of the Athens University of Economics and Business
Scientists from Athens
CCN. CCN may refer to:

In science and technology 
 Cement chemist notation, developed to simplify the formulas used by cement chemists
 Cereal cyst nematode, a plant disease 
 Corn cyst nematode, a plant disease
 Cerebrocortical necrosis, a nutritional brain disease of cattle
 Cloud condensation nuclei
 Content centric networking, approach to computer-networking architecture
 Controlled-Controlled Not Gate (also known as a Toffoli gate), a component of a reversible computer
Cyclomatic Complexity Number, a software metric
CYR61, CTGF, NOV, the first three proteins identified that belong to the "CCN" protein family - also see CCN intercellular signaling protein
Critical care nursing

Organizations 
 Camino Cristiano Nicaragüense, a Nicaraguan political party
 Caribbean Communications Network Ltd., a unit of ONE Caribbean Media Ltd. based in Trinidad and Tobago
 Chebucto Community Net in Halifax, Nova Scotia
 City College Norwich, a further education college in the United Kingdom
 Commission de la capitale nationale, Canadian Crown Corporation, known in English as the National Capital Commission, administrating federal properties in the region around Ottawa, Ontario and Gatineau/Hull, QC
 Companhia Colonial de Navegação, a former Portuguese shipping company
 Council of Churches in Namibia, an organization representing Christian churches in Namibia
 County Councils Network, the network of County Councils in England
 Covering Climate Now, a consortium of news organizations for news coverage of climate change

Other uses 
 Comedy Central News, a TV show on the Dutch Comedy Central
 Concours Complet National, a national eventing competition (see Concours Complet International)
 Certified Clinical Nutritionist, see Nutritionist#United States
 Railway service code for Central Coast & Newcastle Line, New South Wales, Australia
 CMS Certification Number, a system for identifying healthcare providers in the United States
VME eXtensions for Instrumentation. VME eXtensions for instrumentation bus (VXI bus) refers to standards for automated test based upon VMEbus.  
VXI  defines additional bus lines for timing and triggering as well as mechanical requirements and standard protocols for configuration, message-based communication, multi-chassis extension, and other features. In 2004, the 2eVME extension was added to the VXI bus specification, giving it a maximum data rate of 160 MB/s.

The basic building block of a VXI system is the mainframe or chassis. This contains up to 13 slots into which various modules (instruments) can be added. The mainframe also contains all the power supply requirements for the rack and the instruments it contains. Instruments in the form of VXI Modules then fit the slots in the rack. VXI bus modules are typically 6U in height (see Eurocard) and C-size (unlike VME bus modules which are more commonly B-size). It is therefore possible to configure a system to meet a particular requirement by selecting the required instruments.

The basic architecture of the instrument system is described in US patent 4,707,834. This patent was freely licensed by Tektronix to the VXIbus Consortium. The VXIbus grew from the VME bus specification, it was established in 1987 by Hewlett Packard (now Keysight Technologies), Racal Instruments (now Astronics Test Systems), Colorado Data Systems, Wavetek and Tektronix.  VXI is promoted by the VXIbus Consortium, whose sponsor members are currently (in alphabetical order) Astronics Test Systems (formerly Racal Instruments), Bustec, Keysight Technologies, National Instruments, Teradyne, and VTI Instruments (formerly known as VXI Technology)
.
ZTEC Instruments] is a participating Executive Member. VXI's core market is in Military and Avionics Automatic Test Systems. 

The VXIplug&play Alliance specified additional hardware and software interoperability standards, such as the Virtual Instrument Software Architecture (VISA), although the alliance was eventually merged with the IVI Foundation. Application software that supports VXIplug&play instrument drivers for controlling instruments include LabVIEW and MATLAB.

See also
 PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation (PXI)
 LAN eXtensions for Instrumentation (LXI)

References

External links
 VXIbus Consortium
 VMEbus Extensions for Instrumentation. VXIbus. System Specification VXI-1. Revision 4.0, May 27, 2010
 Technical note. VXIbus overview

Computer buses
Pezzottaite. Pezzottaite, marketed under the name raspberyl or raspberry beryl, is a mineral species first recognized by the International Mineralogical Association in September 2003. Pezzottaite is a caesium analogue of beryl, a silicate of caesium,  beryllium, lithium and aluminium, with the chemical formula Cs(Be2Li)Al2Si6O18. Named after Italian geologist and mineralogist Federico Pezzotta, pezzottaite was first thought to be either red beryl or a new variety of beryl ("caesium beryl"); unlike actual beryl, however, pezzottaite contains lithium and crystallizes in the trigonal crystal system rather than the hexagonal system.

Appearance 
Colors include shades of raspberry red to orange-red and pink.  Recovered from miarolitic cavities in the granitic pegmatite fields of Fianarantsoa province, southern Madagascar, the pezzottaite crystals were small—no more than about  in their widest dimension—and tabular or equant in habit, and few in number, most being heavily included with growth tubes and liquid feathers. Approximately 10 per cent of the rough material would also exhibit chatoyancy when polished. Most cut pezzottaite gems are under one carat (200 mg) in weight and rarely exceed two carats (400 mg).

Physical and optical properties 
With the exception of hardness (8 on Mohs scale), the physical and optical properties of pezzottaite—i.e., specific gravity 3.10 (average), refractive index 1.601 to 1.620, birefringence 0.008 to 0.011 (uniaxial negative)—are all higher than typical beryl. Pezzottiate is brittle with a conchoidal to irregular fracture, and streaks white. Like beryl, it has an imperfect to fair basal cleavage. Pleochroism is moderate, from pink-orange or purplish pink to pinkish purple. Pezzottaite's absorption spectrum, as seen by a hand-held (direct vision) spectroscope, features a band at 485–500 nm with some specimens showing additional weak lines at 465 and 477 nm and a weak band at 550 to 580 nm.

Deposits 
The mineral was recovered from granitic pegmatite fields of Fianarantsoa province, southern Madagascar. Most (if not all) of the Madagascan deposits have since been exhausted. Pezzottaite has been found in at least one other locality, Afghanistan: this material was first thought to be caesium-rich morganite (pink beryl). Like morganite and red beryl, pezzottaite is believed to owe its color to radiation-induced color centres involving trivalent manganese. Pezzottaite will lose its color if heated to 450 °C for two hours, but the color can be restored with gamma irradiation.

See also
List of minerals
List of minerals named after people

References 

Lithium minerals
Beryllium minerals
Cyclosilicates
Gemstones
Trigonal minerals
Minerals in space group 161
Caesium minerals
Beryl group
Thermal (disambiguation). Thermal is an adjective related to heat. A "thermal" is an atmospheric convection phenomenon.

Thermal may also refer to:

Arts 
 The Thermals, indie/punk band from Portland, Oregon

Science and technology 
 Thermal, reference to Temperature, especially if elevated or depressed beyond normal temperatures
 Thermal power station, power station that produces electricity using heat
 Thermal radiation, electromagnetic radiation generated by the thermal motion of charged particles in matter
 Thermal relief, used in printed wiring boards
 Thermal underwear, worn in the cold to conserve body heat
 Thermography, or thermal imaging

Places 
 Thermal, California, a small town in the United States

See also 
 Thermodynamics, or thermal physics
 Thermite
 Thermo (disambiguation)
 Special:Prefixindex/Therm
 Geothermal (disambiguation)
Acis (disambiguation). Acis is a character in Greek mythology

Acis or ACIS may refer to:

 Acis (river), river in Sicily, Italy
 Acis (coral), a genus of coral in the family Plexauridae
 Acis (plant), a genus of flowering plants
 ACIS (Alan, Charles, Ian's System), a solid modelling geometric modeling kernel that several CAD packages use
 Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer, an instrument on NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory
 Algoma Central Railway, which has the reporting mark "ACIS"
 Acoustic Control Induction System, a Variable Length Intake Manifold|variable induction system developed by Toyota
 Applied Climate Information System, a software system developed by NOAA's Regional Climate Centers (RCC)
 ACIS (Adenocarcinoma in situ) on pap smear, equal to grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
 ACIS, a professional designation for associates of the Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators
ILC. ILC may refer to:

Organisations
 ILC Dover, American engineering and manufacturing company
 International Latex Corporation, predecessor of ILC Dover
 Immanuel Lutheran College (disambiguation), multiple schools
 Independent Learning Centre, provider of distance education in Ontario, Canada
 Indigenous Land Corporation, former name of the Indigenous Land and Sea Corporation, Australia
 Indigenous Law Centre, at the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
 Industrial loan company/corporation, a financial institution in the US that lends money
 International Labor Comparisons, division in the US Bureau of Labor Statistics
 International Labour Conference of the International Labour Organization
 International Law Commission, a body of legal experts
 International Land Coalition, a global social equity alliance
 International Lutheran Council, an association of Lutheran denominations
 Interprovincial Lottery Corporation in Canada
 Irish Land Commission, 1881–1999

Science and technology 
 Innate lymphoid cell, part of the immune system
 Interchangeable-lens camera, another name for a system camera where the camera body is separate from the lens
 Invasive lobular carcinoma, a form of breast cancer
 International Linear Collider, a proposed particle accelerator

Other
 Illinois Compiled Statutes, codified statutes of Illinois
 In Living Color, an American comedy TV series
 Iterative learning control, a form of production-process tracking control
Art Ingels. John Arthur “Art” Ingels (sometimes misspelled as Ingles; May 14, 1918 - December 16, 1981) is known as 'the father of karting'.

In 1956, while he was a race car builder at Kurtis Kraft, a famous builder of Indy race cars during the 1950s, he assembled the first Go-Kart in history out of scrap metal and a surplus West Bend Company two-stroke engine.  It was built in his two-car garage in Echo Park, California, (now FIX Coffee Co), and was tested in the Rose Bowl parking lot, where it gained hundreds of enthusiasts.

See also 
 List of people known as "father" or "mother" of something

References

External links
The first kart at Vintage Karts
Commentary on Art Ingels Kart at Rear Engine Karts Website

People from Echo Park, Los Angeles
Place of birth missing
1918 births
1981 deaths
Racing drivers from Los Angeles
ALCO RS-3. The ALCO RS-3 is a , B-B diesel-electric locomotive manufactured from May 1950 to August 1956 by American Locomotive Company (ALCO) and its subsidiary Montreal Locomotive Works (MLW). A total of 1,418 were produced: 1,265 for American railroads, 98 for Canadian railroads, 48 for Brazilian railroads, and seven for Mexican railroads.

The RS-3 greatly resembled the RS-1 and RS-2, but it had 100 more horsepower thanks to its 12-cylinder, 1,600 hp ALCO Model 244 engine. It also had some changes to the fuel system and body shape.

Much like the RS-1, many RS-3s served for decades; some are still in use as of 2022.

Variants 
RSC-3: an RS-3 that used 3-axle trucks instead of 2-axle trucks. The middle axle on each truck was unpowered. This variant was designed for service on light track, as the extra axles better spread the weight of the locomotive.

RS-3m: an RS-3s whose engines was replaced with the more reliable EMD 567B engine.

Competition
ALCO built the RS-3 to compete with EMD, Fairbanks-Morse, and Baldwin Locomotive Works—and in particular with EMD's GP7, introduced in 1949.

The arrival of the 1,500-hp GP7 led ALCO, Fairbanks-Morse, and Baldwin to increased the power of an existing locomotive line from  and add more improvements to create new locomotive lines. In 1950, Fairbanks-Morse introduced the  H-16-44, while Baldwin introduced the  Baldwin AS-16. ALCO's  line was the RS-2, although 31 were built in 1950 with . Fairbanks-Morse's  line was the H-15-44. Baldwin's  line was the Baldwin DRS-4-4-1500. EMD kept its GP7 at  until 1954, when it introduced the GP9, rated at .

In the end, EMD won the road switcher production race. EMD produced 2,729 GP7s. ALCO produced 377 RS-2s, and 1,418 RS-3s. Fairbanks-Morse produced 30 H-15-44s, and 296 H-16-44s. Baldwin produced 32 DRS-4-4-15s, and 127 AS-16s.

Exports

Brazil
In 1952, the Brazilian railway the Estrada de Ferro Central do Brasil purchased forty six new RS-3s from the Montreal Locomotive Works. Some are still active as work train engines for CPTM, Supervia, and CBTU – BH respectively São Paulo's, Rio de Janeiro's and Belo Horizonte's commuter railways. In Brazil these units were nicknamed Canadians or Hot Tails.

Spain
In 1964, the Spanish railway the Ferrocarril de Langreo purchased four RS-3s from the Terminal Railroad Association of St. Louis. A fifth unit, number 1604, was purchased in 1971 from the Burlington Northern Railroad (BN), a piece of surplus Great Northern Railway stock from the 1970 merger that formed BN. The locomotives served until 1984, when the line was converted to .

See also
 List of ALCO diesel locomotives
 List of MLW diesel locomotives

References

Bibliography 
 
 
 

RS-3
B-B locomotives
RS-3
Railway locomotives introduced in 1950
Passenger locomotives
Freight locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
Diesel–electric locomotives of Brazil
Standard gauge locomotives of Spain
Broad gauge locomotives in Brazil
Standard gauge locomotives of Canada
Diesel–electric locomotives of Canada
Diesel–electric locomotives of Spain
Diesel–electric locomotives of the United States
Shunting locomotives
Peter Woulfe. Peter Woulfe (1727–1803) was an Anglo-Irish chemist and mineralogist. He first had the idea that wolframite might contain a previously undiscovered element (tungsten).

In 1771, Woulfe reported the formation of a yellow dye when indigo was treated with nitric acid. 

Later it was discovered by others that he had formed picric acid, which eventually was used as the first synthetic dye, an explosive and an antiseptic treatment for burns.

Woulfe is credited with inventing, around 1767, the Woulfe's bottle, an apparatus for purifying or dissolving gases, which employed a bottle with two or three necks.

Alchemy 
Woulfe has been described as being as much an alchemist and mystic as a scientist. As recorded by John Timbs:
"The last true believer in alchemy was not Dr. Price, but Peter Woulfe, the eminent chemist, and Fellow of the Royal Society, and who made experiments to show the nature of mosaic gold [ tin(IV) sulfide, SnS2]. […] He had long vainly searched for the Elixir, and attributed his repeated failures to the want of due preparation by pious and charitable acts. I understand that some of his apparatus is still extant, upon which are supplications for success and for the welfare of the adepts."

References

Notes

External links

1727 births
1803 deaths
People from Ennis
18th-century Anglo-Irish people
Fellows of the Royal Society
Recipients of the Copley Medal
19th-century Irish chemists
Mineralogists
Irish alchemists
19th-century Anglo-Irish people
18th-century alchemists
19th-century alchemists
Date of birth missing
Date of death missing
Scientists from County Clare
F3F. F3F may refer to:

 Grumman F3F, an aircraft
 Fun Fun Fun Fest, an annual music festival held in Austin, Texas
 F3F, a class of competition for radio-controlled model gliders, administered by the Fédération Aéronautique International. The competition involves flying 10 consecutive laps of a 100m course as fast as possible. The course is laid out on the side of a hill with the wind blowing onto it. Hence the informal name of F3F: 'slope racing'.
F50. F50 may refer to:

Aircraft 
 AEE F50, a Chinese UAV
 Farman F.50, a French twin-engined tactical night bomber
 Farman F.50 (flying boat), a French maritime reconnaissance aircraft
 Fokker 50, a Dutch turboprop airliner

Automobiles 
 Ferrari F50, an Italian sports car
 Jinbei F50, a Chinese compact MPV
 Toyota Kijang (F50), a Japanese pickup truck

Ships and boats 
 F50 (catamaran), a racing boat
 , a K-class destroyer of the Royal Navy
 , a V-class destroyer of the Royal Navy
 , a Talwar-class frigate of the Indian Navy

Other uses 
 Eating disorder
 ESP F-50, a guitar
 Nikon F50, a camera

See also

 F-50/FA-50 variants of the KAI T-50 Golden Eagle
 
 
 
 
 F500 (disambiguation)
 F5 (disambiguation)
LTI. LTI can refer to:
 LTI – Lingua Tertii Imperii, a book by Victor Klemperer
 Language Technologies Institute, a division of Carnegie Mellon University
 Linear time-invariant system, an engineering theory that investigates the response of a linear, time-invariant system to an arbitrary input signal
 Licensed to Ill, the 1986 debut album by the Beastie Boys
 Lost Time Incident or industrial injury or Occupational injury
 Learning Tools Interoperability
 Louisiana Training Institute-East Baton Rouge, later known as the Jetson Center for Youth (JCY), a juvenile prison in Louisiana

Companies 
 London Taxis International
 Larsen & Toubro Infotech

Biology and medicine 
 Lymphoid tissue-inducer cell, see innate lymphoid cells
Benjamin Huntsman. Benjamin Huntsman (4 June 170420 June 1776) was an English inventor and manufacturer of cast or crucible steel.

Biography

Huntsman was born the fourth child of William and Mary (née Nainby) Huntsman, a Quaker farming couple, in Epworth, Lincolnshire. Some sources suggest that his parents were German immigrants, but it seems that they were both born in Lincolnshire.

Huntsman started business as a clock, lock and tool maker in Doncaster, Yorkshire. His reputation enabled him to also practice surgery in an experimental fashion and he was also consulted as an oculist.

Huntsman experimented in steel manufacture, first at Doncaster.  Then, in 1740, he moved to Handsworth, near Sheffield. Eventually, after many experiments, Huntsman was able to make satisfactory cast steel, in clay pot crucibles, each holding about  of blistered steel. A flux was added, and they were covered and heated by means of coke for about three hours.  The molten steel was then poured into moulds and the crucibles reused. The first object to contain Crucible Cast Steel, was a longcase clock, made by Huntsman. It is on display in the Enid Hattersley Gallery at Kelham Island Museum. The local cutlery manufacturers refused to buy Huntsman's cast steel, as it was harder than the German steel they were accustomed to using. For a long time, Huntsman exported his whole output to France.

The growing competition of imported French cutlery made from Huntsman's cast-steel alarmed the Sheffield cutlers, who, after trying unsuccessfully to get the export of the steel prohibited by the British government, were compelled to use it in the interests of self-preservation. Huntsman had not patented his process, and his secret was discovered by a Sheffield iron-founder called Walker.   Walker, according to legend, entered Huntsman's works in the disguise of a starving beggar asking to sleep by a fire for the night.

In 1770, Huntsman moved his enterprise to Worksop Road in Attercliffe, where he prospered until his death in 1776 and was laid to rest with a commemorative tomb in the Hilltop Cemetery, Attercliffe Common. The business was taken over by his son, William Huntsman (1733–1809).

At Sheffield's Northern General Hospital one of the original main buildings is named after him, and in the city centre is a Wetherspoons pub called The Benjamin Huntsman.

References

External links
Famous Doncastrians

1704 births
1776 deaths
English inventors
History of Sheffield
People from Epworth, Lincolnshire
English Quakers
Foundrymen
People of the Industrial Revolution
People from Darnall