omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
NLayers. nLayers was a company specializing in network discovery products; software designed to map the entirety of hosts, services, etc. that run on a given organization's network.  Its primary product is "nLayers InSight".

History
nLayers was founded by Gili Raanan, in 2003 and was headquartered in Cupertino, California with a research and development center in Herzliya, Israel. Initial funding was provided by Venture capital funds Gemini Israel Funds and Walden Israel.

Following its acquisition on June 7, 2006, nLayers was a subsidiary of EMC. It was later merged into Vmware. In June 2013 Vmware announced that end of life date for the original nLayers product would be March 8, 2017.

See also
 EMC Corporation 
 Silicon Wadi

References

External links
 Walden Israel Venture Capital
 Gemini Israel Funds

Companies based in Cupertino, California
Dell EMC
Software companies established in 2003
Software companies of Israel
2003 establishments in California
American companies established in 2003
Software companies disestablished in 2006
2006 disestablishments in California
American companies disestablished in 2006
2006 mergers and acquisitions
Torbjørn Digernes. Torbjørn Digernes (born 30 March 1947 in Ørsta) is a Norwegian physicist and professor of marine systems design.

He is a former Rector of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
He started as Rector from 1 August 2005. His successor is Gunnar Bovim who officially assumed the post 1 August 2013.

Digernes is a former student of the then Norwegian Institute of Technology (NTH) as an engineering graduate of technical physics in 1972. He was awarded a Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1982 from the same institution within informatics, concerning technical-economical analysis of design and operation of fishing vessels.

His academic career started at the calculation centre at the University of Trondheim 1972-74, at Fishery Science Research Institute 1974-1986 and at MARINTEK from 1986-1990. From 1990-1996 he was employed at the European Space Agency space station program at the European Space Technical Centre in the Netherlands. In 1984 he became Professor II and in 1998 Professor in marine projecting. He was Dean of the Faculty of Marine Technology from 1999 to 2001, when this was merged with three other faculties to create the Faculty of Engineering and Technology from 2002, where he also was Dean.

Digernes is a fellow of the Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences.

References

1947 births
Living people
People from Ørsta
Norwegian Institute of Technology alumni
Academic staff of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology
Rectors of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology
Norwegian physicists
Members of the Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences
CPMulator. CPMulator is a program to emulate the CP/M operating system under x86 DOS. The program was developed in 1984 by Keystone Software Development. The company was owned and operated by Jay Sprenkle.

The NEC V20 processor released that year was guaranteed to be hardware compatible with the Intel 8088. After reviewing the instruction timing of the math operations and instruction addressing hardware it was determined it could slightly speed up existing 8088 based IBM PC machines. Keystone software started advertising "PC Speedup Kits" in PCWeek magazine. The CPU was socketed in IBM PC's so it could easily be replaced. In practice most programs received a 5% speed increase but those that were math intensive were much improved. One customer reported his monte carlo simulation of a nuclear reactor was so much faster that he "double checked the results because he couldn't believe it was finished."

CPMulator was developed after the release of the V20. The processor was also able to emulate the Intel 8080 instruction set in hardware. This opened the possibility of running older code on the new IBM machines. CPMulator was designed to modify CP/M binaries to make them run as if native 8088 DOS programs. The code to put the CPU in emulation mode was prefixed to each CP/M executable. Any calls to the CP/M operating system were intercepted and translated to DOS operating system calls. The program would leave 8080 emulation mode, make the operating system call, translate the results to CP/M standards and returned to emulation mode and continue the original program.

The product went out of production after AT class machines became prevalent and NEC produced no V series pin for pin compatible version of 80286 processor.

References

CP/M
Microcomputer software
L B S Institute of Technology for Women. Lal Bahadur Shastri Institute of Technology for Women (LBSITW), Thiruvananthapuram, is the first engineering college for women in the state of Kerala on the Malabar Coast of southwestern India. This is the second engineering college managed by the LBS Centre for Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala the other being LBS College of Engineering, Kasargod. LBSITW is the only engineering college for women in the Government sector in the state of Kerala. The center is administered by a governing body and an executive committee. The Honorable Chief Minister is the Chairman of the governing body and the Honorable Minister of Education is the Vice-Chairman.

The institution was inaugurated on 30 Oct 2001. Approved by the AICTE and affiliated to the APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University, LBSITW is a Government of Kerala undertaking.

Prof. M Abdul Rahiman, a first batch student of LBS College of Engg Kasargod is the Principal of this institute. He is also holding the charge of Director LBS Centre for Science & Technology, parent organisation of this institute.

Location 
The college is situated in the heart of Thiruvananthapuram city at Poojapura.

References

External links
 

Engineering colleges in Thiruvananthapuram
Women's universities and colleges in Kerala
Women's engineering colleges in India
2001 establishments in Kerala
Educational institutions established in 2001
Naphthalocyanine. Naphthalocyanine is a cross-shaped organic molecule consisting of 48 carbon, 8 nitrogen and 26 hydrogen atoms. It is a derivative of phthalocyanine, differing by having 4 extra carbon rings, one on each "arm." IBM Research labs used it for developing single-molecule logic switches and visualizing charge distribution in a single molecule.

Naphthalocyanine derivatives have a potential use in photodynamic cancer treatment.

References

External links
 Timmer, J. (2007) Storing data in molecules: shifting atoms and flipping bits, ars technica online [accessed 8 September 2007]

Phthalocyanines
Molecular electronics
Albert Huntington Chester. Professor Albert Huntington Chester (November 22, 1843 – April 13, 1903) was an American geologist and mining engineer.

Personal life
Chester was the son of Albert Tracey and Elizabeth (Stanley) Chester of Connecticut.  He was married to Alethea S. Rudd of New York City from 1869 until her death in 1891.  He was then married to Georgiana Waldron Jenks of Buffalo, New York from 1898 until his own death.  He was the father of one child, Albert Huntington Chester, Jr.

Accomplishments
Chester was a graduate of the Columbia School of Mines with an M.E. (1868) and a Ph.D. (1876).  Professionally, he was a mining engineer and a professor of chemistry, mineralogy, and metallurgy for Hamilton College and Rutgers College.  He completed an exploration of the Mesabi and Vermilion Iron Ranges for the Minnesota Iron Company in 1875, and his observations were published in the Eleventh Annual Report of the Minnesota Geological Survey in 1882.

Published
The Iron Region of Northern Minnesota" in Annual Report of the Minnesota Geological Survey, No. 11 (1884), 154-167
A Catalogue of Minerals Alphabetically Arranged, With Their Chemical Compositions and Synonyms (New York,1897)
A Dictionary of the Names of Minerals, (New York, 1896).

Honors
Chester Peak, a mountain in the Sawtooth Range of northeastern Minnesota, was named in his honor.

Notes

1843 births
1903 deaths
American mining engineers
Columbia School of Mines alumni
American geologists
Rutgers University faculty
Hamilton College (New York) faculty
Engineers from New York (state)
Scientists from New York (state)
Space vehicle launch preparation. The preparation of a space vehicle for launch (known by the European Space Agency (ESA) as a launch campaign), includes assembly of the launch vehicle, integration of the payload, fueling of the vehicle, and preparing the launch pad, the launch range and tracking stations. The length of time required for this process generally varies with the size and complexity of the vehicle, and the state of maturity of its development.

Parallel campaigns 
Arianespace, the contractor responsible for launching the Ariane 5 for the European Space Agency, can conduct two Ariane 5 ECA launch campaigns in parallel at the Guyana Space Centre.

References 

Spaceflight
Potez 62. The Potez 62 was a French twin-engine civil airliner, designed by Henry Potez in 1934. The French military adapted this airframe two-years later to create the Potez 650.

History
The Potez 62 has its origins in the Potez 54, a military bomber. aircraft.

On 28 January 1935, the prototype of the Potez 62 made its maiden flight.

The aircraft was a high-wing monoplane. Its a wooden fuselage had a composite coating, whereas the wings were covered with fabric and the leading edge was made out of metal. The aircraft was propelled by two Gnôme & Rhône 14 cylinder radial engines, which could produce roughly 870 hp. The engines were mounted in two side cradles, fixed to the fuselage and to the wings.

The cabin was divided into two compartments and could accommodate 14 to 16 people. A version equipped with Hispano-Suiza V-engines was ordered by Air France in 1936. These were used on routes inside South America. By late 1936, many Potez 62s were employed on routes to Europe and the Far East, as the aircraft was robust and reliable, albeit slow. It remained in service until the Second World War, and one was used by the Free French Air Force.

Variants
Potez 620
Twin-engined civil airliner, powered by 1x  Gnome-Rhône 14Kirs Mistral Major + 1x  Gnome-Rhône 14Kjrs Mistral Major radial engines (LH & RH rotation). Also designated Potez 62-0.
Potez 621
Improved version of the Potez 62, powered by 1x  Hispano-Suiza 12Xirs + 1x  Hispano-Suiza 12Xijrs liquid-cooled V12 engines (LH & RH rotation). Also designated Potez 62-1.

Operators

 Air France
 Free French Air Force

 LARES

 Pluna

Specifications (Potez 620)

See also
 List of aircraft of World War II
 List of aircraft of the French Air Force during World War II

References

Citations

Bibliography

 
 
 

1930s French airliners
062
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1935
Twin piston-engined tractor aircraft
Bert Mosselmans. Bert Mosselmans (born 1969) is a professor of economics and philosophy. He was the dean of Vesalius College, Brussels, Belgium from 2007 until 2014. He is professor of economics and philosophy at University College Roosevelt, Middelburg, the Netherlands.  He received an MSc in Business Engineering (1992), an MA in philosophy (1994) and a PhD in economics (1999) from the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium. His research focuses on the history of economic thought, mainly the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century, and with a special interest in the history of microeconomics and industrial organization. He has published extensively on the history of economic thought and the history of philosophy, most notably on William Stanley Jevons, a 19th-century British philosopher and economist. His research appeared in journals such as The European Journal of the History of Economic Thought and History of Political Economy.

Bert Mosselmans has received the Best Article Award of the European Society for the History of Economic Thought in 2000 and the Joseph Dorfman Award of the History of Economics Society in 2001.

References

1969 births
Living people
Historians of economic thought
Philosophy academics
Vrije Universiteit Brussel alumni
Academic staff of Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Academic staff of Utrecht University
Nature printing. Nature printing is a printing process, developed in the 18th century, that uses the plants, animals, rocks and other natural subjects to produce an image.  The subject undergoes several stages to give a direct impression onto materials such as lead, gum, and photographic plates, which are then used in the printing process.

While some sources state that Benjamin Franklin invented nature printing from leaf casts, using a copper plate press, in 1737 to thwart counterfeiters of paper money bills, other sources also report Franklin's friend, Philadelphia naturalist Joseph Breintnall, to have made contact nature prints from leaves in about 1730. Together they sent nature prints which were printed directly from inked leaves to English naturalists.

Another person attributed with the invention of the process, Naturselbstdruck, is Alois Auer; the first publication, of instructions for the process, was by this Austrian printer in The Discovery of the Natural Printing Process: an Invention ...  Vienna, 1853. This was written in four languages by the author.  He shows the use of plants, a fossil fish, and lace impressed by roller onto a lead plate, this is hand coloured and transferred to the final print.  

Many others botanical and natural history illustrations had attempted to use techniques that were a 'shorthand', or for a type of accuracy, in the representation of subjects. Another printer, the Englishman Henry Bradbury, immediately used Auer's 'nature printing' process to publish work of his own. These included two major botanical works; 
The Ferns of Great Britain and Ireland, Moore, Thomas. (1857) and the rendition of these species was readily adapted to the process; the two dimensional print would reveal form and detail for the identification of species.
The Nature-Printed British Sea-Weeds, W. G. Johnstone & A. Croall. 1859–60.

Sherman Denton in his book As Nature Shows Them: Moths and Butterflies ... used the wings of the species he was describing by pressing them into the page itself. For this work he used over 50,000 insects.

Auer method
Auer's method can only be used with objects with tolerably flat surfaces, such as dried and pressed plants, embroidery and lace, and a few animals. The object is placed between a plate of steel and another of lead, both of which are smooth, and polished. They are then drawn through a pair of rollers under considerable pressure. When the plates are separated, it is found that a perfect impression of the object has been made in the leaden plate. This may be used directly as an engraved plate, but only if a very few impressions are wanted, for it is too soft to resist the action of printing presses for practical purposes.  For larger numbers of images, a facsimile to be used as the printing plate is made in copper by the electrotype process.

Further reading
Eric P. Newman, "Newly Discovered Franklin Invention: Nature Printing on Colonial and Continental Currency," The Numismatist (1964)

References

External links

Botanical art
Printmaking
Precursors of photography
ČKD-Praga. ČKD-Praga (Českomoravská-Kolben-Daněk Prague) was a Czechoslovakian aircraft manufacturer. The company was founded in 1915 as an engine manufacturing company, under the designation Praga. The company started designing aircraft in 1930–31 when the designers Pavel Beneš and Miroslav Hajn came to ČKD-Praga from Avia. Their first aircraft was the Praga E-39 from 1931. It was a military trainer, with a production run of 139 aircraft. ČKD-Praga developed several aircraft over the following years, but none exceeded prototype stage.

Jaroslav Šlechta became chief designer in 1934 and designed the Praga E-114 Air Baby aircraft, which became a commercial success. The aircraft was sold to France, Iran, Romania and to Britain. Most of the British aircraft were manufactured locally in Manchester under a licence, by F. Hills & Sons as the Hillson Praga. 126 aircraft were ordered until 1946. Šlechta remained with Praga post war, designing the E-55 general purpose aircraft.

ČKD-Praga developed 17 aircraft designs, of which 7 entered series production.

List of Praga aircraft
In the 1930s the company referred to designs by the initials of their designers' surnames, for example the BH-39 trainer, designed by Pavel Benes and Miroslav Hajn. The Czech government identified aircraft by manufacturer, each having a letter assigned to them. Praga's was E, so the BH-39 became the E-39.

This list may be incomplete: add to it, with sources if you can.

E-36
E-39 trainer - about 139 produced 
E-40 trainer - about 43 produced 
E-41 
E-44 biplane fighter?
E-45 biplane fighter
E-51 twin boom fighter
E-55 post war general purpose
 E-112 post war trainer
E-114 two seat sports - about 300 produced 
E-115 development of E-114
E-117 development of E-114
E-141 development of 41
E-210 twin pusher tourer
E-211 post war development of 210
E-212 post war eight seat development of 210/211; probably not completed
E-214 four seat tourer
E-241 advanced trainer biplane - about 95 built

References

 
 

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the Czech Republic and Czechoslovakia
 
Manufacturing companies established in 1915
1915 establishments in Austria-Hungary
ARCS. ARCS may stand for:
 ARCS Foundation (Achievement Rewards for College Scientists)
 Alabama Regional Communications System, a radio/alert notification communications district in the State of Alabama
 Associate of the Royal College of Science
 ARCS (computing), a firmware bootloader
 Admiralty Raster Chart Service
 Alaska Rural Communications Service
 Anglia Regional Co-operative Society, a consumer co-operative in the UK
 Wide Angular-Range Chopper Spectrometer, a spectrometer at the Spallation Neutron Source
 Archaeosine synthase, an enzyme

See also
 ARC (disambiguation)
Payload (disambiguation). Payload is the carrying capacity of a vehicle, often an aircraft or spacecraft.

Payload may also refer to:
 Payload (computing), several analogous usages
 a game mode in Team Fortress 2 and other first-person shooters, in which the attacking team must push a bomb to the defending base
 Payload (EP), an EP by Hunters & Collectors
 Payload (G.I. Joe), several versions of a character or its toy from the G.I. Joe franchise
John C. Bailar Jr.. John Christian Bailar Jr. (May 27, 1904 – October 17, 1991) was a professor of inorganic chemistry at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He received his B.A. at the University of Colorado and his Ph.D. at the University of Michigan. His father was a member of the chemistry staff of the Colorado School of Mines. 

At the University of Illinois, he developed an active research program on coordination chemistry. He is referred to as the “Father of Coordination Chemistry in the United States,” as prior to his time, this area of chemistry received little attention in the U.S. The Bailar twist in coordination compounds is named after him. He helped found the book series Inorganic Syntheses and the journal Inorganic Chemistry. His work was widely recognized culminating in the award of the Priestley Medal from the American Chemical Society, an organization of which he was also president.

Personal life
He and his wife, Florence (Catherwood) Bailar, had two sons, one of whom was John Christian Bailar III.

References

20th-century American chemists
1904 births
1991 deaths
University of Colorado Boulder alumni
University of Michigan College of Literature, Science, and the Arts alumni
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign faculty
Presidents of the American Chemical Society
American inorganic chemists
J. B. Crowell and Son Brick Mould Mill Complex. The J. B. Crowell and Son Brick Mould Mill Complex is located on Lippencott Road near the hamlet of Wallkill, New York, United States, part of the Town of Shawangunk in Ulster County. It was established in 1870 by James Burns Crowell, after he changed his mind about a teaching career. The mill originally made not only brick moulds but wooden agricultural implements such as wheelbarrows and oxbows, as well as children's sleds.

Two years after it began operations, many of the current structures were erected. The complex was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. It has unfortunately closed its operations as of 2020.

References

External links
Company listing at MacRae's Blue Book.

Buildings and structures in Ulster County, New York
National Register of Historic Places in Ulster County, New York
Manufacturing companies established in 1870
Industrial buildings completed in 1872
Shawangunk, New York
1872 establishments in New York (state)
Sivilingeniør. Sivilingeniør (shortened siv.ing), is a legally protected engineering title awarded by technical universities in Norway. To qualify for the title, a student must follow a structured study programme in technology and natural sciences of 5 years duration (4.5 years before 2002) at a Norwegian university or university college. Previously it was also a degree in and of itself, though today it is the equivalent of a Master of Science or Master of Technology degree. Before 1992, it was considered by the Norwegian Institute of Technology (NTH) to be equivalent to a Master of Science degree. Although the name is cognate with the English term civil engineer, the meanings do not correspond in modern usage.

The degree was not awarded in 2002, when the study program's length was expanded by six months, instead the title Master of Technology was used. This changed in 2003 after criticism from Norwegian universities. Since 2003 the title Sivilingeniør has been used in addition to the title Master of Technology. In 2016 regulations were clarified and today specify that any Norwegian educational institution awarding master in technological subjects may use the title sivilingeniør as well as Master of Science or Master of Technology.

Education
Today the title sivilingeniør is awarded to students who either fulfill a structured five-year program in technology and natural sciences, or who take a three-year Bachelor engineering program at a university college and then transfer to the Master's programs two last year at an applicable institution. The degree is equivalent to a Master of Science, if the degree is awarded from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU). Other institutions typically award the title Master of Technology.

Most regional colleges offer engineering, though which programs are offered may vary. The Master's programs are primarily offered at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), the Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), the University of Stavanger (UiS), the University of Tromsø (UiT), and the University of Agder (UiA), though some regional colleges also offer Master's programs. The references to Bachelor and Master level degrees refer to the definition of the degrees given in the Bologna Framework.

History

The origin of the phrase Civil Engineer stems from the need to differentiate between a military engineer and a civilian engineer.

Traditionally only the Norwegian Institute of Technology (now part of NTNU) was allowed to educate sivilingeniørs in Norway. Until the 2002 Quality Reform that implemented the Bologna process, the education took 4.5 years, but was then changed to five years and the graduates are now awarded a master's degree according to the Bologna Framework, in addition to the title Sivilingeniør.

References

Master's degrees
Academic degrees of Norway

no:Sivilingeniør