omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Hyundai. Hyundai is a South Korean industrial conglomerate ("chaebol"), which was restructured into the following groups:

 Hyundai Group, parts of the former conglomerate which have not been divested
 Hyundai Asan, a real estate construction and civil engineering company
 Hyundai Motor Group, the automotive part of the former conglomerate
 Hyundai Motor Company, an automobile manufacturer
 Hyundai Mobis, a car parts company
 Hyundai Motorsport, a racing team
 Hyundai Rotem, a manufacturer of railway vehicles, defense systems, and factory equipment
 Hyundai Engineering & Construction, a construction company
 Hyundai Heavy Industries Group, the heavy industry part of the former conglomerate
 Hyundai Heavy Industries, the primary company representing the group
 Hyundai Mipo Dockyard, a shipbuilding company
 Hyundai Samho Heavy Industries, a shipbuilding company
 Hyundai Oilbank, a petroleum refinery company
 Hyundai Department Store Group, the retail division of the former conglomerate
 Hyundai Department Store, a department store chain
 Hyundai Development Company, a construction and civil engineering company
 Hyundai EP, a manufacturer of petrochemicals and plastics
 Hyundai Fomex, a professional lighting manufacturer
 Hyundai Marine & Fire Insurance, an insurance company
 Hyundai Corporation, a trading and industrial investment company
 Hyundai Electronics, a chip manufacturer, spun off as Hynix in 2001 and renamed SK Hynix in 2012

See also
Avery Weigh-Tronix. Avery Weigh-Tronix is a subsidiary of Illinois Tool Works specialising in industrial weighing machines. Its headquarters stands on the site of the Soho Foundry in  Smethwick, West Midlands, England. The company additionally has a United States–based manufacturing and retail manufacturing plant. The company is one of the largest suppliers of weighing devices. The company is registered as Avery Weigh-Tronix, Ltd. in the UK and Avery Weigh-Tronix, LLC in the US.

History 
The company was formed in June 2000 when the U.S.-based weighing company Weigh-Tronix acquired the Avery Berkel group of companies. Avery Berkel was the result of the merger between GEC Avery (formally W & T Avery) and Berkel.

Avery Weigh-Tronix was the parent company in the group with every other company (including Avery Berkel) being brands of Avery Weigh-Tronix. Avery Weigh-Tronix was used as the industrial brand of the company.

In September 2007, Illinois Tool Works acquired Avery Berkel from Avery Weigh-Tronix.

In September 2008, Illinois Tool Works acquires Avery Weigh-Tronix, Avery Berkel and Avery Weigh-Tronix were kept separate with Avery Weigh-Tronix focusing more on the industrial and commercial and Avery Berkel focusing on retail.

References

External links
Avery Weigh-Tronix Corporate website
Museum
Salter Brecknell

Companies based in Smethwick
Manufacturing companies of the United Kingdom
Weighing scale manufacturers
Green Island Cement. Green Island Cement is Hong Kong's only major cement producer. It was a former listed company in Hong Kong and was delisted from the Hong Kong Stock Exchange. It was founded in Green Island, Macau in 1887, and has established operations in Hong Kong and South China. It operates 6 concrete plants in Hong Kong with a total of 11 production lines, and 3 quarries each in Hong Kong and Mainland China . It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Cheung Kong Infrastructure Holdings.

History 
The company was founded in Ilha Verde (meaning "green island") in Macau in 1886 with British investment and was the first manufacturer of Portland cement in the region, with  lime kilns that burned locally dredged coral and imported limestone. A second factory was established in Hung Hom in 1898, as Britain took control of the New Territories, under the Second Convention of Peking.

The availability of inexpensive cement was a boon to the development of the area that followed, and further provided a useful export capacity, such as of encaustic glazed floor tiles.

The firm relocated to Hok Un, Hong Kong in 1925 and became a British company shortly afterward. The company was a major employer for many decades.

In 1978, Li Ka-shing held a low-key 25% stake in Qingzhou Yingni. The following year, he increased his holding to 40% and became the chairman of Qingzhou Yingni. Until October 1988, Cheung Kong Holdings announced a comprehensive acquisition at a price of 20 yuan per share to privatize Qingzhou Yingni. At that time, Cheung Kong Holdings held 44.6% of the shares, and the purchase price was a 13% premium to the market price of 17.7 yuan, involving 1.123 billion Hong Kong dollars.  By the end of the acquisition on December 30 of the same year, Cheung Kong Holdings had purchased 95% of the equity and completed the privatization and delisting through compulsory acquisition. After the transaction, Cheung Kong Holdings acquired a large piece of land owned by Qingzhou Yingni at its factory in Hung Hom, Kowloon for future real estate development.

Business

Ying Mu Manufacturing 
Qingzhou Yingni has Yingni clay manufacturing plants in Hong Kong and Yunfu and Shantou in China respectively . Green Island Ying Ni's factory in Tap Shek Kok , Tuen Mun , is the only integrated cement product manufacturing plant in Hong Kong, accounting for about 1/3 of the Hong Kong market.

Mining in Southeast Asia 
Limestone is mainly mined and exported in Siquijor Province, Philippines .

Ship transportation 
It mainly provides ships to transport its own products.

References

External links 

 GIC's website

Cement companies of Hong Kong
CK Hutchison Holdings
Former companies in the Hang Seng Index
Companies formerly listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange
1978 mergers and acquisitions
1988 mergers and acquisitions
Mesothermal. In climatology, the term mesothermal is used to refer to certain forms of climate found typically in the Earth's temperate zones.  It has a moderate span of temperature, with winters not cold enough to sustain snow cover.  Summers are warm within oceanic climate regimes, and hot within continental or subtropical climate regimes.

Origin of term
The term is derived from two Greek words meaning "having a moderate amount of heat."  This can be misinterpreted, however, since the term is actually intended to describe only the temperature conditions that prevail during the winter months, rather than those for the year as a whole.

Definition
Under the original Köppen climate classification, all places with an average temperature in their coldest month that is colder than , but warmer than , are said to have a mesothermal climate. The isotherm of  for the coldest monthly mean temperature, was observed to be the line where the climate was likely cold enough to support a fixed period of continuous snow cover every year.

In some climate classifications the isotherm of 0°C (32°F) for the coldest monthly mean temperature is observed as the line between mesothermal climates and microthermal climates where the coldest month has a mean temperature below .

Range
In the US, the northern boundary line between mesothermal and microthermal ranges is north of Juneau and Sitka along the margins of the Pacific Ocean. It then goes southeastward around about 42N latitude across the north-central US (not including mountain regions) then eastward across the lower Midwest to the East Coast near Boston. The southern boundary line between mesothermal and megathermal (or tropical) is across south Florida just above Palm Beach.

Moisture 
In addition to being subdivisible by summer temperature, mesothermal climates can also be subclassified on the basis of precipitation — into humid, seasonal, semiarid and arid subtypes.

See also
Megathermal
Microthermal
Temperate climates

References

 Applied Climatology, John Griffiths (for use of 6 °C in the coldest month as poleward limit of subtropical climates)

Climate and weather classification systems
Megathermal. In climatology, the term megathermal (or less commonly, macrothermal; from Ancient Greek mégas 'large', makrós 'tall', thermós 'warm, hot') is sometimes used as a synonym for tropical. In order for a particular place to qualify as having a megathermal climate, every single month out of the year must have an average temperature of 18 °C or above.

Areas

Megathermal climates mainly exist in the tropics. It ranges from southeast Asia and most of India to the most northern regions of Australia as well as southern parts of Mexico and Florida, nearly all of Central America and most of Brazil. An arid type prevails to some of northern Africa, while in the center of the continent and in parts of Madagascar the climate stays humid. Many islands, especially in the Pacific Ocean, also have megathermal climates.

Variants
Megathermal climates are sometimes split into two temperature-based subsets – equatorial and tropical (the latter used here in the sense of "outer tropical") –, with "equatorial" denoting little or no variation in temperature throughout the year and "tropical" denoting significant seasonal temperature variation, even though no month has an average temperature of below 18 °C. In addition, what temperature fluctuations do exist in an equatorial climate will typically bear no relationship to the astronomical seasons for the applicable side of the equator, while in the (outer) tropical subtype the temperature will move in concert with the seasons, the time of higher sun and longer days being warmest and the time of lower sun and shorter days coolest.

These climates can also be subdivided on the basis of rainfall, as examples of humid, seasonal, semiarid and arid places can all be found within the megathermal category (although the region of arid megathermal climate is small compared with the extent of deserts existing in other climate zones, particularly the neighboring subtropical zone).

References
Climatic classification in forestry

See also

Mesothermal
Microthermal
Tropical climate
Tropics

Climate and weather classification systems
Tropics
SRG. SRG can refer to:

 SRG Global, Inc., U.S.A., plastic parts manufacturer
 Swiss Broadcasting Corporation (SRG SSR)
 St Richard Gwyn Catholic High School, Flint
 Special Republican Guard, in Ba'athist Iraq
 Syrian Republican Guard, a Syrian military force
 Former Surinamese gulden, ISO 4217 code
 Stirling Radioisotope Generator, electricity generator for space applications
 Strongly regular graph, a mathematical concept
 Socialist Review Group of the UK Socialist Workers Party
 IATA airport code for Achmad Yani Airport, Semarang, Indonesia
 National Rail station code for Seer Green and Jordans railway station, Buckinghamshire, England
 Spektr-RG, a Russian space observatory
 The New York City Police Department Strategic Response Group
Systemic shock. A systemic shock is a shock to any system that perturbs a system enough to drive it out of equilibrium.   Systemic shocks occur in a wide range of fields, ranging from medicine (see shock), ecology, economics to engineering.  Designers of systems usually desire their systems to be able to withstand or recover from foreseeable system shocks; therefore, many systems are designed with mechanisms in place to restore an equilibrium state.

See also
 Shock (circulatory)
 Shock (economics)

References

Shock
Gordon Lyon. Gordon Lyon (also known by his pseudonym Fyodor Vaskovich) is an American network security expert, creator of Nmap and author of books, websites, and technical papers about network security. He is a founding member of the Honeynet Project and was Vice President of Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility.

Personal life
Lyon has been active in the network security community since the mid-1990s. His handle, "Fyodor", was taken from Russian author Fyodor Dostoyevsky. Most of his programming is done in the C, C++, and Perl programming languages.

Opposition to grayware
In December 2011, Lyon published a post criticizing the fact that Download.com started bundling grayware with their installation managers and expressing concerns users confusing Download.com-offered content for software offered by original authors; his accusations included deception as well as copyright and trademark violation.

Conferences
Lyon has presented at DEFCON, CanSecWest, FOSDEM, IT Security World, Security Masters' Dojo, ShmooCon, IT-Defense, SFOBug, and other security conferences.

Websites

Lyon maintains several network security web sites:
 Nmap.Org – Host of the Nmap security scanner and its documentation
 SecTools.Org – The top 100 network security tools (ranked by thousands of Nmap users)
 SecLists.Org – Archive of the most common security mailing lists
 Insecure.Org – His main site, offering security news/updates, exploit world archive, and other misc. security resources

Published books

 Know Your Enemy: Revealing the Security Tools, Tactics, and Motives of the Blackhat Community, co-authored with other members of the Honeynet Project.
 Stealing the Network: How to Own a Continent, co-authored with Kevin Mitnick and other hackers.
 Nmap Network Scanning

See also
 W00w00

References

External links
 Home page

Living people
Writers about computer security
American computer programmers
Free software programmers
American technology writers
Writers from California
1977 births
Joint Inter-Domain Management. Joint Inter-Domain Management (JIDM) task force, jointly sponsored by X/Open and the Network Management Forum, has defined a mapping between SNMP, CMIP and CORBA. The JIDM specification was adopted as a standard by the Open Group in 2000.

The mapping specification is in two parts: the Specification Translation and the Interactive Translation. The Specification Translation spells out translation of the object oriented object models among the network management protocols that allow for data transfer across protocols. The Interactive Translation concerns the dynamic translation of objects in use that allows for the construction of network management software that operates across protocols.

The JIDM specification was considered the most significant work to use the CORBA framework in network management mapping. The JIDM specification led to CORBA's further use in specifications in the telecommunications industry, such as the ITU-T GDMO specifications. But the object framework led to performance problems, such as requiring a remote method invocation for each object attribute and scalability problems coming from large numbers of objects generated from all the network connections. This led to network management data mapping approaches where sets of attributes and lists of connections were transferred instead of individual objects.

References 

Network management
XML Resource. XRC, or XML Resource, or XML Based Resource System is a cross-platform XML-based user interface markup language used by wxWidgets. XRC allows graphical user interface elements, such as dialogs, menu bars and toolbars, to be stored as XML, which can be loaded into the application at run-time or translated into a target programming language and compiled.

Advantages
 Recompiling and linking is not always necessary when changing the interface.
 Separates the interface from the program logic.
 Ability to choose between different resource files at run time.
 XRC is a wxWidgets standard, so it can be generated and processed by any program that understands it.
 They can be written (or generated by other program) once, and used in any supported language which have wxWidgets bindings.
 XML is easier to parse than most programming languages.
 Existing XML editors can be used to edit XRC files.

Tools
Specialized software tools, generally graphical user interface builder or rapid application development (RAD), allow creation of XRC files, among them are:
 wxFormBuilder
 XRCed
 wxDesigner
 DialogBlocks
 wxSmith (Code::Blocks plugin)

See also
wxWidgets
wxGlade - an open source GUI designer that understands and generates XRC
List of user interface markup languages
 XUL
 QML

References

External links
XML Based Resource System overview (current)
XML-based resource system overview (stable)
XRCed - an XRC editor
XRC Tutorial

XML-based standards
User interface markup languages
WxWidgets
Mine closure. Mine closure is the period of time when the ore-extracting activities of a mine have ceased, and final decommissioning and mine reclamation are being completed. It is generally associated with reduced employment levels, which can have a significant negative impact on local economies. It is also the period when the majority of mine reclamation is completed, making the land safe and useful again.

In South Africa, which is a major mining country, closure planning has not yet been formalized. This has led to a range of unintended consequences that have the potential to become sovereign risk if not adequately managed.

Closure planning, a relative newcomer to mine planning, continues throughout the life of a mine, starting with conceptual closure plans prior to production, periodic updates throughout the life of the mine, and a final decommissioning plan. This is captured more coherently in the Australian Model to mine closure.

At most mines, progressive reclamation over the life of the mine is used to reduce the reclamation burden at closure.

Most mine shafts are capped, meaning a large concrete plug around 3 feet thick is placed over the shaft to cover it and stop fatal accidents from occurring. Some mines are capped using large metallic grills, this usual occurs on deep level shafts so airflow through the deep tunnels helps prevent subsidence.

Older mines typically used wood beams, a foot or more thick, under loose rock and dirt as caps. Over time the wood rots and sinkholes can develop. These mines are typically recapped with concrete, steel plates, expanding foam, or a combination of each.

Steel plates are used primarily on horizontal shafts, but are used on vertical shafts occasionally. Doors are added if access is needed. Holes are cut into the plate to allow for drainage as well as for a bat entrance.

Expanding foam is used primarily with vertical shafts where the use of the shaft is no longer desired. It forms a plug 6 feet or more thick. A  pipe through the plug allows for pressure equalization as well as for water drainage, or even as a bat entrance if necessary.

Closure planning has two distinct components. On-site planning is mostly about environmental rehabilitation and returning the landform to a reasonable condition where vegetative recovery is enhanced. Off-mine closure is about loss of livelihood, which is a more complex issue. An element of this is generating an offset against the high clost of environmental remediation, which in certain cases can exceed the value of the mineral that was mined in the first place.

See also
Care and maintenance

References 

Closure, Mine
ALCO Century 636. The ALCo Century 636 was the most powerful single-engine diesel-electric locomotive constructed by the American Locomotive Company (ALCo).  It used their 251 prime mover.  The locomotive had a C-C wheel arrangement and . The locomotive rode on a pair of trucks of all-new design, known as the Hi-Ad, standing for 'high adhesion'. Visually, it is similar to the Century 630, but can be distinguished by the intercooler box. The C630 has two grilles on the intercooler box, one above the other, whereas the C636 only has the upper grille.

Production 
Between 1967 and 1968, 34 C636 locomotives were built by Alco in Schenectady, New York.  Despite many new and innovative features, the C636 could not hold its own in the marketplace. Three demonstrator locomotives were built costing Alco about $5.5 million. Problems with Alco demonstrator number 636-2, the only demonstrator locomotive operating, were a factor in dissuading potential customers. During an evaluation on the Santa Fe Railway, the same traction motor blower on 636-2 failed and was replaced on three of four runs. Unit 636-2 also had unsatisfactory results while being tested on the Southern Pacific Railroad.

Montreal Locomotive Works produced the MLW M-636 variant of the C636 for Canadian Pacific Railway and Canadian National Railway.

In Australia, AE Goodwin built 29 C636s between May 1968 and September 1970 for Pilbara iron ore railroads. Hamersley Iron purchased 12 units in 5 separate orders. Bechtel purchased 5 C636s for use in the construction of the Mount Newman Mining facilities. The latter company ordered 12 C636s a year later and bought Bechtel's locomotives. Hamersley Iron had their fleet rebuilt in the 1980s by Comeng, Bassendean with the Australian designed Pilbara cab.

Original owners

Current usage 

As of March 2020, the only C636 in existence is in operation on the Delaware-Lackawanna Railroad of Scranton, PA. The two former Cartier, ex-Alco demonstrator units stored on the Bath and Hammondsport Railroad for many years have been scrapped by a local contractor. The NYS&W is currently an all-EMD powered railroad. The WNY&P still operates M630 and M636 MLW locomotives, but these units were scheduled be removed from service in Summer 2019 and replaced by GE AC6000CWs that formerly served with CSX Transportation. The WNYP M-630s and M-636s are reportedly going to the Delaware-Lackawanna in the future.

See also 
 List of ALCO diesel locomotives
 List of MLW diesel locomotives

References

External links

 Sarberenyi, Robert. Alco C636 Original Owners.

Century 636
BHP Billiton diesel locomotives
C-C locomotives
Diesel locomotives of Western Australia
Railway locomotives introduced in 1967
Standard gauge locomotives of Australia
Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
Standard gauge locomotives of Canada
Diesel–electric locomotives of Australia