omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Laird Solution. The Laird Solution, also called the Laird LC-DW Solution, Laird LC-DW300 Super Solution and Laird LC-DW500 Super Solution, was touted as being the "solution" to the problem of the Travel Air Mystery Ship. The Solution won the 1930 Thompson Trophy race days.

Design and development
In 1930 Matty Laird was commissioned to build a racing plane based on the Laird Speedwing by B.F. Goodrich's Lee Schoenhair for the 1930 Thompson Trophy race. Schoenhair backed out of the project, believing the aircraft would not be tested in time. Laird entered the Solution himself in the 1930 Thompson Trophy with Charles "Speed" Holman as the pilot.

The Solution, (registered NR10538), was a biplane with conventional landing gear, having a welded steel fuselage and aircraft fabric covering. The aircraft kept the same registration number NR10538, and was repainted several times from black and gold, white and gold, to lavender and gold.

A second aircraft, (NR12048), powered by a 535 hp Pratt & Whitney Wasp was built as the Laird LC-DW300 Super Solution, retaining the fixed undercarriage of the original, for the 1931 Bendix Trophy which it won, piloted by Jimmy Doolittle. This aircraft was modified with retractable landing gear for the 1932 Bendix Trophy but on a test flight the gear failed to lower and Doolittle was forced to belly land the aircraft, forcing withdrawal from the race.

Operational history
 1930 Thompson Trophy (Solution NR10538) - Chicago, Illinois 1 September 1930. Placed first. for 20 laps The pilot Speed Holman flew with exhaust gases leaking into the cockpit causing him to pass out several times during the event.
 1931 Thompson Trophy (Solution NR10538) - Sponsored by the Sweet Kiss Tooth Paste Company.

The Laird Solution was restored over a period of seven years and is on display in its Black and Gold paint scheme at the New England Air Museum.

Variants
Laird LC-DW Solution
Powered by a 300hp Pratt & Whitney R-985, (NR10538), competed in the 1930 and 1931 Thompson trophy races piloted by "Speed" Holman achieving an average speed of 202mph.
Laird LC-DW300 Super Solution
A second aircraft, (NR12048), built for Jimmy Doolittle to race in the 1931 Bendix Trophy, powered by a 535hp supercharged Pratt & Whitney R-985 Wasp Jr.
Laird LC-DW500 Super Solution
NR12048 modified with retractable undercarriage. Entered in the 1932 Bendix Trophy, but withdrawn after a belly landing due to the landing gear failing to extend forced withdrawal.

Specifications (LC-DW Solution)

References

Solution
1930s United States sport aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
Racing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1930
Stedman TS-1 City of Leeds. The Stedman TS-1 City of Leeds was a parasol wing wooden sailplane, seating two in tandem open cockpits. Only one was built, by its designer in 1934; it remained active until the outbreak of World War II.

Design and development

The City of Leeds was designed and built by R. F. Stedman, a member of what was then the Bradford and County Gliding Club, over the period 1932-4.  It flew for the first time on 21 July 1934 from Baildon in West Yorkshire.  It was a simple wooden aircraft, with open cockpits and wings of modest aspect ratio, not intended for high performance.  Its wing was built around two spars and had constant chord apart from slight leading edge taper near the tip.  There were no airbrakes or flaps.  The wing was mounted parasol fashion on pairs of parallel, broad chord lift struts which joined the spars at about mid-span to the lower fuselage longerons.

The fuselage was flat sided and hexagonal in cross section.  The cockpits were in tandem, one at the wing leading edge and the other under the wing at mid-chord. A single landing skid ran from the nose to below the wing trailing edge.  The fuselage tapered slightly rearwards, where a  straight edged tailplane was mounted on its upper surface.  The fin was small, carrying a taller, balanced, wide chord and curved rudder which reached down to the bottom of the fuselage, moving in a cut-out between the elevators.

Operational history

Plans of the TS-1 were advertised at £8-8-0 (£8.40), but only the prototype was built. This obtained its Certificate of Airworthiness BGA 213 in April 1935 after some modification and strengthening. It flew in the 1935 National Gliding Championships at Sutton Bank and remained active until a ban on private civil aviation was imposed at the start of World War II, when its designer and builder became a local chief test pilot at Blackburn Aircraft's Sherburn-in-Elmet plant. Stedman was the first, if not the only, British glider pilot to escape by parachute, baling out of a military glider in 1944.  What happened to his own glider is not known.

Specifications

References

External links
Göttingen 535 airfoil

1930s British sailplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1934
TRT-25 remote weapon station. The TRT-25 is a Remote weapon station (RWS) made by BAE Systems Land Systems South Africa incorporating a M242 Bushmaster 25 mm (25×137mm) autocannon.  The turret is designed as a self-protection and fire support weapon for Light Armoured Vehicles (LAV), Medium Mine Protected Vehicles (MMPV) and Infantry Combat Vehicles (ICV).
Launched at Eurosatory in Paris in June 2010 when the turret was displayed for the first time on the Company’s new RG41 vehicle.  It was described as "A low cost solution for both offensive and defensive situations, with simple-to-use operator interface and suitable for almost any encounter,” by Dennis Morris, president of BAE Systems Global Tactical Systems.

Design

The system is flexible enough to  accept a number of other weapons, from 20 mm calibre up to the 30 mm Hughes M230 Chain Gun or the Mk44 Bushmaster, (with a larger cradle).  A co-axial 7.62mm machinegun is mounted for close fire support and four smoke grenade launchers for vehicle screening.
Sights
The sight is gyrostabilized, to enable engagement on the move and fitted with a laser range finder.  The sights has an automatic target tracking, once manual lock-on has been achieved with the electro-optical gunner sight.  The weapon is operated by with a Nintendo Style control pad and the range finder has a range in excess of 12 km.
Vehicle Trials
The turret is being trialled on the RG-41 and the RG-34, South African armoured fighting vehicles  developed by Land Systems OMC, a subsidiary of BAE Systems. It has also been mated successfully to a Russian BMP-1.

References

External links
The Tactical Remote Turret (TRT)
Photos

Weapons and ammunition introduced in 2010
Vehicle-mounted weapons
Remote weapon stations
Post–Cold War weapons of South Africa
Military equipment introduced in the 2010s
Couach fast interceptor boats. Couach fast interceptor boats are patrol boats. Built by the French shipyard Chantier Naval Couach  for the Indian Navy.

Background
On 27 March 2010, in the wake of the 2008 Mumbai attacks, the Indian Navy placed an order worth around 600m rupees (US$13.2m) for 15 boats with Chantier Naval Couach, to improve their coastal security net.

Vessel
The Couach fast interceptor boats are equipped with twin  MAN engines driving through a complete Twin Disc propulsion system consisting of MGX-5114A QuickShift transmissions, ASD11 Arneson Surface Drives with BCS trim tabs and EC300 electronic controls, and can achieve a top speed of .

Deployment
All 15 interceptor boats were inducted by the Indian Navy by the end of 2012. These boats will be utilised by various Indian Navy units to patrol and intercept suspicious vessels closed to vital domestic assets.

See also
Solas Marine Fast Interceptor Boat
ABG Interceptor Class fast attack crafts
Cochin Fast Patrol Vessels
L&T fast interceptor craft
Rajshree class inshore patrol vessel
Rani Abbakka Class
Alcock Ashdown Survey Catamaran
Manoram class ferry

References

Fast attack craft of the Indian Navy
Bridging fault. In electronic engineering, a bridging fault consists of two signals that are connected when they should not be. Depending on the logic circuitry employed, this may result in a wired-OR or wired-AND logic function. Since there are O(n^2) potential bridging faults, they are normally restricted to signals that are physically adjacent in the design.

Modeling bridge fault
Bridging to VDD or Vss is equivalent to stuck at fault model. Traditionally bridged signals were modeled with logic AND or OR of signals. If one driver dominates the other driver in a bridging situation, the dominant driver forces the logic to the other one, in such case a dominant bridging fault is used. To better reflect the reality of CMOS VLSI devices, a dominant AND or dominant OR bridging fault model is used where dominant driver keeps its value, while the other signal value is the result of AND (or OR) of its own value with the dominant driver.

References
"Bridging Fault Model" from Test and Diagnosis for Small-Delay Defects
"Bridging Fault" from Integrated circuit test engineering: modern techniques
"A bridging fault model where undetectable faults imply logic redundancy" from Design Automation and Test in Europe

Electronic engineering
S. Mahadeva. Suppiramaniam Mahadeva was a leading Ceylon Tamil civil engineer and Director of the Public Works Department in Ceylon.

Early life
Mahadeva was born on 5 May 1893. He was the son of Suppiramaniamam, a leading resident from Manipay.

Mahadeva married Meenambi Ammai, daughter of Chelliah Pillai. They had one son - Nadarah.

Career
After leaving school Mahadeva joined the Public Works Department (PWD) in 1910 as a draughtsman. Two years later he moved to the PWD's Technical Services department. In 1920, after gaining suitable qualifications, he was promoted to an Inspector. Successive promotions saw him being appointed District Engineer in 1924, Engineering Assistant to the Director in 1930 and Chief Engineer (Designs) also in 1930. He was involved in many of the significant engineering projects of the period. He was also placed in charge of the newly created Water Works Branch of the PWD.

Mahadeva was appointed Assistant Director of the PWD in 1944. In 1945 he was appointed Director, a post he held until retirement.

References

1893 births
Year of death missing
People from Manipay
Sri Lankan Tamil people
Sri Lankan civil engineers
Howland H-3 Pegasus. The Howland H-3 Pegasus is an American ultralight aircraft that was designed by Bert Howland and made available by Howland Aero Design in the form of plans for amateur construction, with kits provided by Aircraft Spruce & Specialty Co. The H-3 first flew in 1988.

Design and development
The aircraft is a monoplane derivation of the biplane H-2 Honey Bee and was designed to comply with the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules, including the category's maximum empty weight of . The aircraft has a standard empty weight of , when equipped with the now-out of production Rotax 277 single cylinder engine. If equipped with heavier engines it falls into the Experimental - Amateur-built category in its home country, although still qualifies as an ultralight in other countries, such as Canada. The H-3 features a cantilever low-wing, a single-seat, open cockpit, conventional landing gear and a single engine in tractor configuration.

The aircraft is made from wood and aluminium and covered in doped aircraft fabric covering. The fuselage is made from square aluminum tubing that is TIG welded and weighs  when completed. Its  span wing is of a straight planform. The landing gear is conventional, with suspended main wheels and a steerable tailwheel. The cockpit is of an open design, with a small windshield. Controls are conventional three-axis, with ailerons, rudder and elevator.

Since the death of the designer plans have been intermittently available and were last provided by Classic Aero Enterprises. Aircraft Spruce and Specialty continue to provide  raw materials kits.

The aircraft has an acceptable power range of . The use of the  Rotax 277, or the similar weight and power Hirth F-33, allows the aircraft to fit into the US ultralight category if weight is carefully controlled during construction. However the H-3 is underpowered with this engine and most have been equipped with heavier engines of higher output, such as the  Rotax 447 or the  Rotax 503. The  Hirth F-263 and  Hirth 2704 have also been used.

Operational history
The H-3 won The Most Innovative Ultralight at Sun 'n Fun in 1989 and Best Commercial Ultralight at Sun 'n Fun 1990.

Specifications (H-3)

References

External links
 Photo of an H-3 in flight

1980s United States ultralight aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Engineering Division TW-1. 

The Engineering Division TW-1 was an American two-seat training biplane designed by the United States Army Engineering Division, only two were built and the type did not enter production.

Design and development

Two prototypes of the TW-1 were built powered by a  Liberty 6. The second aircraft was tested at McCook Field, (given the McCook designation P-200) and subsequently modified with a  Packard 1A-1237 engine but no others were built.

Specifications

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 

TW-01
1920s United States military trainer aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1920
Single-engined piston aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Sarah Boone. Sarah Boone (née Sarah Marshall; c. 1832 – 1904) was an African-American inventor. On April 26, 1892, she obtained United States patent number 473,563 for her improvements to the ironing board.  Boone's ironing board was designed to improve the quality of ironing the sleeves and bodies of women's garments. The ironing board was very narrow, curved, and made of wood. The shape and structure allowed it to fit a sleeve and it was reversible, so one could iron both sides of the sleeve. 

Boone is regarded as the second African-American woman to attain a patent, after Judy Reed.  Along with Miriam Benjamin, Ellen Eglin, and Sarah Goode, Boone was a pioneering African-American woman inventor who developed new technology for the home.

Personal life

Sarah Marshall was born in Craven County, North Carolina, near the town of New Bern, in 1832.  Along with her three siblings, she was born into slavery and barred from formal education. Sarah was educated by her grandfather at home. On November 25, 1847, she married James Boone (or Boon)—a free black man—in New Bern and was granted freedom from slavery. They had eight children.

The Boone family left North Carolina for New Haven, Connecticut, before the outbreak of the American Civil War. They settled into a house at 30 Winter Street. Boone worked as a dressmaker  and belonged to the Dixwell Avenue Congregational Church.

Death 
Boone died in 1904, and is buried in a family plot in Evergreen Cemetery in New Haven.

See also

 Judy W. Reed
 List of African-American inventors and scientists
 Timeline of United States inventions

References

External links

1904 deaths
19th-century American businesswomen
19th-century American businesspeople
19th-century African-American businesspeople
African-American inventors
American women inventors
19th-century American inventors
1830s births
People from Craven County, North Carolina
19th-century American slaves
American tailors
19th-century American artisans
19th-century tailors
People enslaved in North Carolina
19th-century African-American women
ZXID. ZXID.org Identity Management toolkit implements standalone SAML 2.0,
Liberty ID-WSF 2.0, and XACML 2.0 stacks and aims at implementing all popular
federation, SSO, and ID Web Services protocols.  It is a C implementation
with minimal external dependencies - OpenSSL, CURL, and zlib –
ensuring easy deployment (no DLL hell). Due to its small footprint and
efficient and accurate schema driven implementation, it is suitable
for embedded and high volume applications. Language bindings to all
popular highlevel languages such as PHP, Perl, and Java, are provided
via SWIG.  ZXID implements, as of Nov 2011, SP, IdP, WSC, WSP,
Discovery, PEP, and PDP roles. ZXID is the reference implementation
of the core security architecture of the TAS3.eu project.

Research and projects

TAS3 architecture, and ZXID as a reference implementation, has been used by various research efforts.

ZXID.org has been deployed commercially by various enterprise customers in US (e.g. Symlabs Inc., LightSquared, etc.), Europe (Synergetics NV, Levelview Lda, zxidp.org, etc.), and Asia (e.g. Sri Lanka Hotels & Resorts).

IPR status

Apache2 Open Source License. All dependency libraries (OpenSSL, libcurl, zlib) are under
similarly liberal open source license.

The underlying standards are all Royalty Free as specified in Liberty Alliance and OASIS IPR policies.
The TAS3 architecture, of which ZXID is the reference implementation, is covered by TAS3 Consortium "Royalty free to implement and use" pledge at www.tas3.eu section "Install and configure" 

 In TAS3 General Assembly of 2010-09-13, following declaration was made:

 "TAS3 architecture and specifications, as described in public deliverables D2.1, D2.4, and D7.1, are licensed free for implementation and use by anyone. Up to June 2010, TAS3 consortium partners do not hold patents nor will exercise patents that cover implementation and use of the TAS3 architecture and specifications of those deliverables. This license is only granted for the specific purpose of correct implementations of TAS3 specifications."

History

ZXID was started in 2005 by Sampo Kellomäki while still working with Symlabs. In 2006 Sampo obtained
a commitment from Symlabs to release the code under the Apache2 license, which effectively
made ZXID an open source project. In 2009 the TAS3 project adopted ZXID as the
reference implementation of TAS3 core security technologies. The 1.0 release and end of initial development phase happened in May 2011. ZXID is considered to be stable with respect to SAML2, ID-WSF2, and XACML2 features. ZXID continues to be
an active open source project (as of October 2014) and new features, some of which may not be stable, continue to be added.

References

Free software projects
Fast abstract. A fast abstract, also extended abstract, is a short, lightly reviewed technical article that is usually presented with a short talk at a scientific conference. The length of the document is usually limited to 2 pages (including all text, figures, references and appendices), although some conferences may allow slightly longer articles. If the conference does not specify a document style, the standard double-column IEEE format is a common practice. 

The concept of a "fast abstract" was created at the 28th Fault-Tolerant Computing Symposium, 1998, by Ram Chillarege, who was the program co-chair of the conference. They are meant to promote communication and discussion of subjects that have yet to be established or completed as research projects, and to provide a venue for reporting barely tested ideas, early experiments, or opinions. While informal discussions, stand-up talks, and round tables provide an avenue for such sharing, they lack the written record that is essential for academic progress. Fast abstracts aim to fill this gap. Since their inception, fast abstract sessions have been gradually adopted by several conferences, in some cases even being among the most attended sessions.

Due to their purpose and short length, fast abstracts do not require a full treatment of results as expected of a full paper published at a conference or journal. Even less formal publications such as working papers and technical reports are usually based on established research projects, and on the other hand these rarely are peer reviewed before publication, and there is no formal publishing procedures for such reports. Fast abstracts differ in these two aspects, and being (as the name indicates) fast to write and fast to review, they create a mechanism to promote a rich and timely exchange of experiences, and receive early feedback from the community. 

Fast abstracts allow authors to:
 Report technical work at preliminary stages, and solicit early feedback
 Present radical opinions on controversial issues or open problems
 Introduce new issues to investigate
 Present experience obtained from practice

Fast abstract sessions can collect a diverse set of contributions, from young students initiating their research work, to senior researchers and distinguished members of the community. Furthermore, they allow industrial practitioners and academics who may not have been able to prepare full papers due to time and work pressure, but nevertheless seek an opportunity to engage with the community, to exchange their ideas and solutions, as well as technical problems and practical experience.

See also 
Abstract (summary)

References 

Academic publishing
Publishing
Academic terminology
Laird-Turner Meteor LTR-14. The Laird-Turner RT-14 Meteor, also called the Turner TR-14, Ring Free Meteor, PESCO Special, Miss Champion, Turner Special and the Turner Meteor is the winning aircraft of the 1938 and 1939 Thompson Trophy races.

Design and development
The aircraft was commissioned and designed by Roscoe Turner in 1936. The Meteor would be the last of the Matty Laird race planes as well as the last race plane flown by Roscoe Turner.

The aircraft is a conventional geared mid-wing monoplane with a radial engine built in California. It was modified in 1936 by Mattie Laird at the E. M. Laird Airplane Company in Chicago with three-foot longer wings, wing flaps, a longer fuselage and a  fuel tank. In 1938 wheel pants were added for the Oakland races.

Operational history

The aircraft was known by many names. Initially the RT-14 for "Roscoe-Turner 14 cylinder". The air commerce bureau labeled it the Model No. LTR-14, Serial No. 11, Type 1 POLM. The first sponsor was the Ring-Free Oil company, naming the aircraft the Ring-Free Meteor. The 1938 sponsor, Pump Engineering Service Corp renamed the aircraft "The PESCO SPECIAL". In 1939, the Champion Spark Plug Co borrowed the name from its 1931 Pitcairn PCA-2 autogyro, giving the aircraft the name "Miss Champion".

1937 National Air Races - Turner placed third after missing a pylon in the sun at . A fire from a leaking fuel tank prevented Turner from racing in the Bendix Trophy race and required the fabric to be recovered before competing.
1938 National Air Races - Turner won the Thompson Trophy Race at 
1938 Oakland Air Race - Second place

The original aircraft was put into storage at Weir Cook Airport for 29 years until it was restored, then donated to the Crawford Auto-Aviation Museum. In December 1972 the plane along with many of Roscoe Turner's trophies were transferred to the Smithsonian. The aircraft retired with less than 30 hours flying time.

The Cook Islands minted a $2 Coin in 2008 featuring the Laird-Turner Meteor LTR-14 as part of its 1930s Air Racing Collection

Variants
 In 2003, Tom Wathen built a replica of the LTR-14, demonstrating it at the 2003 EAA Airventure airshow.

Specifications (Laird-Turner RT-14 Meteor)

See also

References

Meteor
1930s United States sport aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Racing aircraft
Mid-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1936