omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Mira (AK-84). Mira (AK-84) was never commissioned and thus never bore the USS designation. The ship was transferred to become the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Port Repair ship Robert M. Emery the day after acquisition by Navy.

Construction
The ship, one of 109 Maritime Commission N-type coastal cargo ships built, was laid down under Maritime Commission contract by Penn-Jersey Shipbuilding Corporation, Camden, New Jersey, 22 May 1943 as MV William Nott, a Maritime Commission type N3-M-A1 cargo vessel. The ship was launched 31 October 1943; sponsored by Mrs. Clementine C. O’Brien; acquired by the U.S. Navy 6 November 1943 for service as Mira (AK-84). However, she was never commissioned and was transferred to the Army 7 November 1943. Her name was struck from the Navy list 16 November 1943.

Army career

Mira was renamed Robert M. Emery in 1944 for First Lieutenant Robert M. Emery of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers serving with the 1st Infantry Division and killed in action on 8 November 1942 in Algeria. Lieutenant Emery was presented the Distinguished Service Cross posthumously for his action on that date. Emery Barracks was also named in his honor.

Robert M. Emery was among the first four of the N3-M-A1 types converted for use as a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers port repair ship. The conversion work was done by Bethlehem Steel Co., Inc., Brooklyn, New York, in mid 1944.

Robert M. Emery joined her three sister ships and the converted Great Lakes steamer Junior N. Van Noy as one of the five ships leaving in late summer of 1944 for operations in Europe. She then began operations at ports in the United Kingdom, North Africa, and France. She was the only member of that group to operate in the Pacific Ocean, going there in July 1945 to operate in the Hawaiian Islands between September and November. Subsequently, she returned to the United States West Coast for transfer to the Maritime Commission. Mira was returned to the Maritime Commission. She eventually was sold for scrapping in 1966.

Civilian usage

Instead of scrapping the ship was sold to Canadian interests in 1966 and towed to Victoria, British Columbia and reportedly docked at the foot of Fort Street until resale in 1969. The U.S. buyers converted the ship to an attraction at Fisherman’s Wharf in San Francisco, California until 1970 when the ship was towed to Astoria, Washington and apparently scrapped in Tacoma, Washington during late 1984.

Notes

References

External links
 United States Army in World War II - The Corps of Engineers: Troops and Equipment - Chapter XVII - Preparing to Reconstruct Ports
 The Corps of Engineers: The War Against Germany: CHAPTER XVI Developing Beaches and Reconstructing Ports
 NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive - AK-84 Mira - USAT Robert M. Emery
 Historia y Arqueología Marítima-Los Buques de la US Maritime Commission-Los buques cargueros tipo N3 (Spanish, with photo of Robert M. Emery as Marine Wonderland, San Francisco, 1969)

Port repair ships of the United States Army
Enceladus-class cargo ships
Ships built in Camden, New Jersey
1943 ships
Type N3 ships of the United States Army
World War II auxiliary ships of the United States
Mahmoud Younis. Mahmoud Younis (; April 12, 1911 – April 18, 1976) was an engineer of the Suez Canal nationalization on July 26, 1956. He served as Chairman of the Suez Canal Authority (July 10, 1957 – October 10, 1965). He also served as the head of engineers' syndicate during the rule of Gamal Abdel Nasser.

References

1911 births
1976 deaths
People of the Suez Crisis
Engineers from Cairo
20th-century Egyptian engineers
Electricity and energy ministers of Egypt
Transport ministers of Egypt
DB Cargo Company Train. The DB Cargo Company Train (formerly the DB Schenker Company Train and the EWS Company Train) is a special train operated in the United Kingdom by freight operator DB Cargo UK (formerly DB Schenker Rail (UK) formerly English Welsh & Scottish), a division of Deutsche Bahn. It was built as an inspection saloon replacement, and is also used to entertain corporate clients.  The train cost £3 million and took only nine months from concept to completion.

The design concept of using a Class 67 locomotive and Mk3 DVT in push pull mode was subsequently adopted by passenger operators such as Chiltern Railways, Wrexham & Shropshire and Arriva Trains Wales for commercial operations.

History and design
During the time that Keith Heller was CEO, Interfleet Technology was commissioned to design the train.
The train was assembled as the replacement for the company's aging inspection saloon, and is used for entertaining corporate clients, for staff trips, managers, customers, functions, and as a "moving office".  In the first year of operation the Macmillan Cancer Support charity were allowed to use the train too for fund-raising.

The fixed configuration set consists of three British Rail Mark 3 coaches between a Mark 3 driving van trailer and Class 67 locomotive. The interior of the train was converted to a business/office/corporate entertainment environment, including a 'conference coach' room with 50-inch cinema screen, and seven-metre-long conference table, a dining coach, and a sleeper coach with bedrooms and en-suite washing facilities.

The trainset was fitted with a wiring system allowing the Class 67 to work in push–pull mode with the DVT and Mark 3 coaches.  In addition to normal inter-carriage connections this includes the addition of Multiple Working Jumper cable, and Cab to Train Data cable.  The DVT retains its Time Division Multiplexer (TDM) support but this is isolated and non-operational unless the company train is operating in push-pull mode with a Class 90 locomotive.  Locomotive 67029 was also modified to include a slight modification to the auto-couplers to enable connecting to the existing Mk3 buckeye couplers without touching the coach's rubbing plate—although it is normally attached using buffer-and-chain coupling. When not in use hauling the company train 67029 is used for normal railway working.

The train is explicitly exempted from regulations covering "Working of Passenger Trains Over Non-Passenger Lines", allowing the train to operate between freight depots without additional documentation requirements.  The train does not carry passengers per-se—all those on-board are regarded as either staff or invited guests.

In February 2012 the EWS 'Three Beasties' logo on the train's locomotive and driving van trailer was replaced with a Deutsche Bahn 'DB' logo.

Notes

References

External links 

 OO gauge model, Doncaster OO Gauge layout

 Hornby EWS Managers Train Pack (R2890) and Hornby EWS Managers Train Mk3 Buffet Car (R4434)

DB Cargo UK
Train-related introductions in 2004
Tucana (AK-88). Tucana (AK-88) was never commissioned and thus never bore the USS designation. She was transferred upon  launching on 13 September 1944 to the U.S. Army as the U.S. Army Engineer Port Repair ship  Arthur C. Ely.

Service career 
AK-88 was originally authorized under Maritime Commission contract (MC hull 651) and assigned the name MV Symmes Potter. The name Tucana was assigned to her by the Navy on 30 October 1942; and, on 1 January 1943, her contract was transferred from the Maritime Commission to the supervision of the Navy; AK-88 to become an Enceladus-class cargo ship. The ship was laid down on 24 April 1944 at Camden, New Jersey, by the Penn-Jersey Shipbuilding Corp.; launched on 13 September 1944; and sponsored by Mrs. Patrick J. Cushing. On that same day, she was reassigned and delivered to the Army, and her name was struck from the Navy list.

She was converted by the U.S. Army to serve as the U.S. Army Engineer Port Repair ship Arthur C. Ely. The ship was not among the converted vessels first deployed overseas in the last half of 1944.

Footnotes

References

External links 
 NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive - AK-88 Tucana - Arthur C. Ely
 United States Army in World War II - The Corps of Engineers: Troops and Equipment - Chapter XVII - Preparing to Reconstruct Ports

Port repair ships of the United States Army
Enceladus-class cargo ships
Ships built in Camden, New Jersey
1944 ships
Type N3 ships of the United States Army
World War II auxiliary ships of the United States
USNS Vela. Vela (AK-89) was never commissioned and thus never bore the USS designation. The ship was transferred to the Army to become the Engineer Port Repair Ship Joe C. Specker shortly after launching. She was one of two such repair ships transferred to Navy in 1952 and served as the civilian crewed, unarmed USNS Vela (T-AK-89).

Construction 

The ship was a Maritime Commission type N3-M-A1 cargo vessel hull (MC hull 652) and was assigned the name MV Charles A. Ranlett. Her construction was transferred to Navy supervision on 1 January 1943 and she was subsequently laid down as Vela (AK-89) on 5 June 1944 at Camden, New Jersey, by the Penn-Jersey Shipbuilding Corporation. The ship was launched on 15 January 1945 sponsored by Mrs. Elbert Bradford Ferguson.

Transfer to Army 
Two days after launch, on 17 January 1945, the ship was transferred to the U.S. Army for conversion into the Engineer Port Repair Ship Joe C. Specker for operation by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers rehabilitating war damaged ports. Her name was struck from the Navy list on 8 February 1945. The Army named her for Medal of Honor recipient Joe C. Specker of the 48th Engineer Combat Battalion.

Unlike most port repair ships the Joe C. Specker, among the last two ships (See: Marvin Lyle Thomas) converted and seeing no actual war service as a port repair ship, spent seven postwar years in Army service before transfer Navy.

Transfer To Navy 
On 11 June 1952, Vela was transferred to the MSTS and placed in service at Baltimore, Maryland the following day and was reinstated on the Navy list on 22 August. She operated out of New York City through 1958, ranging from Canadian coastal waters to the Caribbean on supply missions.

Later transferred to the Maritime Administration and placed in the National Defense Reserve Fleet, she was berthed in the Hudson River until she was sold on 23 November 1970 to Hierros Ardes, S.A., Spain, and scrapped.

Notes

References

External links 
 NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive - T-AK-89 Vela - USAT Joe C. Specker
 United States Army in World War II - The Corps of Engineers: Troops and Equipment - Chapter XVII - Preparing to Reconstruct Ports
 The Corps of Engineers: The War Against Germany: CHAPTER XVI Developing Beaches and Reconstructing Ports
 Popular Science, October 1944: How Seagoing Shops Clear Captured Ports (illustrations)

Port repair ships of the United States Army
Enceladus-class cargo ships
Ships built in Camden, New Jersey
1945 ships
Type N3 ships of the United States Army
World War II auxiliary ships of the United States
Electromagnetic diaphragm. An electromagnetic diaphragm is a form of capacitive sensor used on an electronic stethoscope. The diaphragm is coated with a conductive material. A conductive plate is positioned behind and parallel to the diaphragm, so that the two conductive elements form a capacitor. Capacitance is a function of plate area, dielectric properties of the space between the conductors, and the distance between the conductors. It is this latter parameter which is modulated by vibration such that the capacitance varies with the distance between the electromagnetic diaphragm and the plate, forming an acoustic sensor.

The electromagnetic diaphragm is a form of capacitive sensor, and shares properties with condenser microphones. The difference between the electromagnetic diaphragm and a condenser microphone is that a condenser microphone operates on the basis of air transmission, has a very thin membrane instead of a diaphragm, and cannot be placed against a body to sense sounds within the body.

The electromagnetic diaphragm for stethoscopes was patented by Clive Smith in 2002 and is used on Thinklabs electronic stethoscopes.

Photography
Electromagnetic diaphragm mechanisms are also used in photography lens barrels for providing highly accurate aperture blade control when using auto exposure during continuous shooting.

See also
 Microphone

References

Medical equipment
Audio engineering
Bradley Aerobat. The Bradley BA 100 Aerobat is an American aerobatic homebuilt aircraft that was designed and produced by Bradley Aerospace of Chico, California. When it was available the aircraft was supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

Design and development
The BA 100 Aerobat features a cantilever low-wing, a single-seat enclosed cockpit under a bubble canopy, fixed tricycle landing gear, or optional conventional landing gear, and a single engine in tractor configuration.

The all-metal aircraft is made from sheet aluminum. Its  span wing lacks flaps and has a wing area of . The cabin width is . The acceptable power range is  and the standard powerplant is the  Volkswagen air-cooled engine. For aerobatics the BA 100 is stressed to +/-9g

The BA 100 Aerobat has a typical empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload for pilot and baggage is .

Factory kit options included conventional landing gear and a STOL kit. The manufacturer estimated the construction time from the supplied kit as 150 hours.

Operational history
By 1998 the company reported that 33 kits had been sold and 28 aircraft were flying.

In December 2013 three examples were registered in the United States with the Federal Aviation Administration.

Specifications (BA 100 Aerobat)

See also
List of aerobatic aircraft

References

External links
Photo of a Bradley Aerobat

Aerobat
1990s United States sport aircraft
1990s United States ultralight aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Aerobatic aircraft
Dysprosium titanate. Dysprosium titanate (Dy2Ti2O7 or Dy2TiO5) is an inorganic compound, specifically a ceramic of the titanate family. Two common phases of this compound exist with differing properties: Dy2Ti2O7 and Dy2TiO5. Dysprosium titanate is commonly used throughout the nuclear industry in nuclear control rods and as a host for nuclear waste.

History 
Dysprosium titanate was one of the first materials that was discovered to be a spin ice, along with holmium titanate (Ho2Ti2O7), in 1997. The existence of these materials was predicted by Linus Pauling in 1935, but neutron scattering experiments confirmed their existence as holmium titanate satisfied the model.

Since its discovery as a spin ice, dysprosium titanate has continued to be a focus of research because the magnetic frustration that results from its pyrochlore lattice. In 2009, quasiparticles resembling magnetic monopoles were observed at low temperature and high magnetic field through neutron-scattering experiments. The study demonstrated the existence of Dirac strings in dysprosium titanate and the presence of monopole characteristics at low temperatures.

Structure 
The Dy2Ti2O7 phase exhibits a cubic pyrochlore structure where the Dy3+ ions form a network of corner-sharing tetrahedra. It is notable for its ability to withstand structural change in the presence of radiation from high energy ions.

Dy2Ti2O7 can be "stuffed" by adding additional lanthanide atoms into the pyrochlore to generate Dy2TiO5. In this instance, Dy3+ is 5-coordinated with oxygen, which produces an orthorhombic structure in the Dy2TiO5 phase. This phase also possesses a large neutron absorption cross section, which makes it desirable for various nuclear applications. This can, however, pose difficulties when characterizing this compound through the use of neutron diffraction.

Synthesis 
Dysprosium titanate can be synthesized using various methods. The traditional synthesis process involve high-frequency induction melting of dysprosium oxide and titania in a cooled crucible. Sol-gel synthesis has also been utilized as a method to produce the compound in powder form.  More recent developments have displayed the viability of mechanochemical processes using anatase and dysprosium oxide as reagents to produce dysprosium titanate nanopowders.

Uses and Applications 
Dysprosium titanate has become a desirable material in nuclear industry because of various properties. The compound has a large neutron absorption cross-section, low thermal expansion, high heat capacity, high radiation resistance, and a high melting point, all of which make dysprosium titanate a favorable material to use in control rods for nuclear reactors.

Specifically, this material is used in the control rods for industrial thermal neutron reactors such as the VVER-1000 reactor type.

References 

Dysprosium compounds
Titanates
Ceramic materials
Neutron poisons
Eli Fromm. Eli Fromm (born 7 May 1939) is professor emeritus and Electrical and Computer Engineering Leroy A. Brothers Professor in the College of Engineering at Drexel University.

Dr. Fromm received a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering from Drexel in 1962, a Masters in Engineering also from Drexel in 1964, and his Ph.D. from Jefferson Medical College in 1967. He worked as in engineer in the Missile and Space Division of General Electric in 1962, then at the Applied Physics Laboratory at DuPont Company in Wilmington Delaware, 1963; he began working at Drexel as an assistant professor in 1967. In 2002 he became the first recipient of the National Academy of Engineering's Gordon Prize, considered to be one of the Nobel Prizes of Engineering — the others being the Academies Russ Prize and Draper Prize.

Professor Fromm was elected as a member into the National Academy of Engineering in 2004 for innovation and leadership in the development of a holistic curriculum for engineering education.

Professor Fromm died on January 20, 2025

References 

1939 births
Drexel University alumni
Drexel University faculty
Thomas Jefferson University alumni
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
Place of birth missing (living people)
Nationality missing
GCET. GCET can refer to:

 GCET Jammu, an engineering college in Jammu, India
 Gujarat Common Entrance Test: entrance exam conducted for admission to MBA and MCA colleges of Gujarat, India
 G H Patel College Of Engineering & Technology, an engineering college in Vallabh Vidyanagar, India
 GCET Greenfield Community Energy & Technology, an Internet Provider in Greenfield, Massachusetts
Russ Prize. The Fritz J. and Dolores H. Russ Prize is an American national and international award established by the United States National Academy of Engineering (NAE) in October 1999 in Athens. Named after Fritz Russ, the founder of Systems Research Laboratories, and his wife Dolores Russ, it recognizes a bioengineering achievement that "has had a significant impact on society and has contributed to the advancement of the human condition through widespread use". The award was instigated at the request of Ohio University to honor Fritz Russ, one of its alumni.

The first Russ Prize was awarded in 2001 to Earl E. Bakken and Wilson Greatbatch. The prize is awarded biennially in odd years. From 2003 to 2011, there was a single winner per award.  Multiple winners were recognized starting in 2013. The first non-Americans to receive the Russ Prize were three of the five co-winners honored in 2015.

Only living persons may receive the prize, and recipients of the Charles Stark Draper Prize are not also eligible for the Russ Prize. Members of the NAE and non-members worldwide are able to receive the award.

The winners are announced during National Engineers Week in February. They receive US$500,000, a gold medallion and a hand-scribed certificate. The Russ Prize, the Gordon Prize and the Draper Prize, all awarded by the NAE, are known collectively as the "Nobel Prizes of Engineering".

Recipients

See also

 List of engineering awards

References

International awards
Awards of the United States National Academy of Engineering
Awards established in 1999
Biological engineering
Engineering awards
1999 establishments in the United States
Barbarians Led by Bill Gates. Barbarians Led by Bill Gates: Microsoft from the Inside is a book that was jointly written by Jennifer Edstrom and Marlin Eller, an American programmer who was a manager and a software developer at Microsoft Corporation from 1982 to 1995, and development lead for the Graphics Device Interface (GDI) of Windows 1.0 and also for Pen Windows. Written as a third-person account of Eller's experiences at Microsoft, it goes into detail about the early years of Microsoft and its emergence as a massive corporation.

Two chapters of the book deal specifically with the business contacts between Microsoft and GO Corporation. In April 2008, as part of a larger federal court case,  the gesture features of the Windows/Tablet PC operating system and hardware were found to infringe on a patent by GO Corp. concerning gesture interfaces in operating systems for portable computers.

References

External links
 The first chapter of Barbarians Led by Bill Gates at washingtonpost.com

1998 non-fiction books
Books about computer and internet entrepreneurs
History of Microsoft
Dibenzo-18-crown-6. Dibenzo-18-crown-6 is the organic compound with the formula [OC6H4OCH2CH2OCH2CH2]2.  It is a white solid that is soluble in organic solvents.  As one of the most popular crown ethers, it facilitates the dissolution of many salts in organic solvents.  It is related to the non-benzannulated 18-crown-6.

Dibenzo-18-crown-6 can be synthesized from catechol and bis(chloroethyl) ether. 

In contrast to those of 18-crown-6, complexes of the dibenzo crown are flattened, which often allows higher coordination numbers at the encapsulated metal cation.

References

Crown ethers
Cyclophanes
Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project. The Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project (MOFEP) is a century-long ecological experiment to assess logging practices in the Missouri Ozark forest. Its goal is to find out a logging method that best balances the demand for wood products with forest preservation. Researchers from the Missouri Department of Conservation, the U.S. Forest Service, and Missouri universities are participating in the project.

The project uses  of state forest land as experimental tracts. That land is divided into nine compartments. One group of three compartments is a control group and experiences no logging. The second group is logged in an "even-aged" manner, with swaths comprising ten percent of each compartment logged every ten years. The third group is logged in an "uneven-aged" manner, with selective logging of trees throughout the three compartments in that group. The uneven-aged management style creates a forest with trees of various ages and sizes. In the two groups that are cut, 10% of trees are left uncut, to preserve them as old growth forest. In both groups, researchers expect all tracts of cut forest to regenerate by the end of the project. The uncut control group, of course, remains unaffected.

The project has spawned twelve studies to assess the flora and fauna of the forest as it reacts to various logging methods. Although the project only started in 1995, researchers have already released some preliminary results of the study. The project's expected completion date is 2095.

References

External links

Ozarks
Protected areas of Missouri
Protected areas of the U.S. Interior Highlands