omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Mohammed Amin Naik. Major General Mohammed Amin Naik SM (born 25 September 1953) was an Indian Army officer. Major General Naik was commissioned into the Corps of Engineers of the Indian Army in December 1974.

Early life and education
Naik was born in Dadasara village in Pulwama district, Jammu and Kashmir, on 25 September 1953. He studied in Bisco School and attended college at Amar Singh College Srinagar. He joined the Indian Military Academy on 3 January 1973 at the age of 19.

Military career
Naik served as Design Engineer civil and Garrison Engineer with Eastern Naval Command, Visakhapatnam, and was in Army Headquarters as General Staff Officer, DDG PPO, Additional Director General Personals Engineers and was also as Assistant Chief of the Integrated Defense TRIDOC with Headquarters Integrated Defense Staff. He retired on 30 September 2011 from Army HQ's as ADG. In 2008, he became the first Kashmiri Muslim to become a General in the Indian Army.

Sports career
Naik is a champion rower. He has been awarded the highest medal to an Indian sportsman, the Arjuna Award, for his accomplishments in rowing. He won bronze in 1982 Asian Games (coxed pair) and has got 8 gold, one silver, and one bronze in national championships. He has also won two golds, one silver and  a bronze  in various international championships in rowing.

References

Living people
Indian Army personnel
Indian generals
Asian Games medalists in rowing
Rowers at the 1982 Asian Games
Asian Games bronze medalists for India
1953 births
Medalists at the 1982 Asian Games
Taylorcraft LBT. The Taylorcraft LBT was a glider designed and built by Taylorcraft during World War II, in response to a United States Navy requirement for a glide bomb. One of three prototype "Glomb" models ordered by the Navy, the LBT suffered from technical and performance difficulties, and was cancelled early in production, none of the aircraft seeing operational service.

Design and development
During December 1940, the United States Navy began studies of a proposed "glider bomb", which was intended to be an inexpensive, unpowered aircraft, remotely controlled from another, conventional aircraft, that would be capable of delivering bombs to an enemy target without putting aircrew at risk to the target's defenses. The glider bomb, or "Glomb", would be towed by an ordinary carrier-based aircraft to the area of its target; guidance following release of the glider from its towing aircraft was intended to be provided by a TV camera located in the nose of the glider, which would transmit its signal to a piloted aircraft, an operator aboard the control aircraft using radio control to steer the Glomb to its target. Following the Navy's initial evaluation, the Glomb comcept was deemed to be worth developing further, and the project was given official status by the Bureau of Aeronautics in April 1941.

The initial trials of the Glomb concept were conducted using conversions of existing gliders for unpiloted, remotely controlled flight; these tests seemed to indicate that the concept had promise, and a request for designs from industry was issued. Three companies were awarded contracts to develop operational "Glomb" aircraft, the contracts being given to Pratt-Read, Piper Aircraft, and Taylorcraft. The Taylorcraft design, designated LBT-1 by the Navy, was based on the company's LNT-1 training glider; two XLNT-1s, converted to remote control, had been tested as part of initial Glomb trials. The LBT-1 featured a high, strut-braced wing and tricycle landing gear; the aircraft was designed to carry a  bomb as a warhead. In addition to its TV-and-radio remote guidance system, the LBT-1 retained a cockpit, allowing a pilot on board to fly the aircraft on training and evaluation flights.

Operational history
The LBT-1 began evaluation by the Navy in April 1944. The Navy's contract called for the production of 100 of each type of Glomb; however, by October 1944, trials were beginning to indicate that the low expected performance of the glider bomb was a liability, and the Piper LBP-1 and LBE-1 were considered superior. Accordingly, the LBT contract was cancelled; only 25 examples of the type were constructed, none of which would see any operational service.

Specifications (LBT-1)

See also

References

Citations

Bibliography

LBT
1940s United States military gliders
1940s United States bomber aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Unmanned aerial vehicles of the United States
World War II guided missiles of the United States
Cancelled military aircraft projects of the United States
Aircraft first flown in 1944
Television guided weapons
Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear
Glider aircraft
AGR-14 ZAP. The AGR-14 ZAP was an air-to-surface unguided rocket developed by the United States Navy in the late 1960s. Intended for use in the suppression of enemy air defenses role, the rocket reached the flight-testing stage before being cancelled.

Design and development
A requirement for a new type of unguided rocket, to be used to suppress enemy anti-aircraft artillery batteries, was identified by the United States Navy in 1966. Given the name HART, (which stands for Hypervelocity Aircraft Rocket, Tactical), the new rocket was intended to replace the FFAR and Zuni rockets that were then in service.

HART was intended to be a high-acceleration, high-velocity rocket for launch from aircraft. The increased speed of the rocket as opposed to those then in service – intended to reach or exceed Mach 3 – was intended to remove the possibility that a high-speed aircraft might overtake its own weapons after launch, as well as improving the rocket's accuracy through providing a flatter trajectory, and reduction in its flight time. Six inches (152 mm) in diameter, HART would be powered by a solid-fueled rocket, and would use flechette anti-personnel warheads to provide the greatest possible effect against the intended targets.

Development and cancellation
In 1967, a contract for the development of HART was given to the Martin Marietta corporation, based in Orlando, Florida; the rocket received the official designation of AGR-14 ZAP, for "Zero Anti-Aircraft Potential", at this time. Initial test firings of the XAGR-14A prototypes were conducted in late 1969, with the Douglas A-4 Skyhawk being used as a launch aircraft. Despite the rocket being tested successfully, the project was cancelled shortly thereafter, and ZAP failed to reach operational service.

References

Notes

Bibliography

Air-to-ground rockets of the United States
Cold War rockets of the United States
Abandoned military rocket and missile projects of the United States
Hydroelectricity in Russia. Hydropower is the most used form of renewable energy in Russia, and there is large potential in Russia for more use of hydropower.
According to the International Hydropower Association Russia is the seventh largest producer of hydroelectricity in 2020. 
It is also second in the world for hydro potential, yet only 20% of this potential is developed. 
Russia is home to 9% of the world's hydro resources, mostly in Siberia and the country's far east. 
At the end of 2005, the generating capacity from hydroelectric sources in Russia was 45,700 MW, and an additional 5,648 MW was under construction. The World Energy Council believes that Russia has much potential for using its hydro resources, with a theoretical potential of about 2,295 TWh/yr, with 852 TWh being economically feasible.

The largest dams in Russia are the Sayano-Shushenskaya Dam, which has an installed capacity of 6,400 MW; the Krasnoyarsk Dam (6,000 MW); the Bratsk Dam (4,500 MW); the Ust-Ilimsk Dam (4,320 MW) and the Zeya Dam (1,330 MW). Some of the most recent dam projects are the Bureya Dam (2010 MW) and the Irganai Dam (800 MW). The Boguchany Dam (1920 MW), Zelenchuk Dam (320 MW), Zaramag Dam (352 MW) and Nizhne-Chereksky (60 MW) are currently under construction. RusHydro is the largest hydroelectric company in Russia and the second largest hydroelectric producer in the world. In October 2010, China Yangtze Power, the largest hydropower corporation in China, and EuroSibEnergo, a Russian energy company, signed a cooperation agreement to expand hydroelectric energy production in Russia and export energy to China's northern territories.

Largest hydropower plants

Accidents
On 17 August 2009, there was an explosion at the Sayano-Shushenskaya hydroelectric power plant, which killed 75 plant workers and injured 13. The Federal Service for Ecological, Technological, and Nuclear Supervision's investigation concluded that poor management and technical flaws were responsible. The explosion was caused by a 29-year-old turbine that experienced an uncontrolled and excessive vibration. Since then, officials from RusHydro, the operator of the plant, have called for better oversight and safety at hydroelectric plants.

See also
 Renewable energy in Russia

References
DayCent. Daycent is a biogeochemical model of agroecosystems, simulating fluxes of carbon and nitrogen between the atmosphere, vegetation, and soil. It is a daily time series version of the CENTURY biogeochemical model.

The United States Environmental Protection Agency, United States Department of Agriculture/ARS and the Colorado State University Natural Resource Ecology Lab are currently using the Daycent model to develop a national inventory of N2O emissions from U.S. agricultural soils. This inventory will be compared and contrasted with the existing Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) agricultural N2O emissions inventory for the United States. Having more accurate data to account for nutrient cycling could have significant implications for public policy associated with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and potential future mitigation efforts in the United States.

Model inputs include daily minimum and maximum air temperature and precipitation, surface soil texture class, and land cover/use data. Model outputs include daily fluxes of various N-gas species (e.g., N2O, NOx, N2); daily CO2 flux from heterotrophic soil respiration; soil organic C and N; net primary productivity; daily water and nitrate (NO3) leaching, and other ecosystem parameters. Daycent has been tested using data from various native and managed systems. In similar studies, comparisons between Daycent simulated data and measured values for annual crop yields, N2O emissions, and NO3 leaching produced r2 values of 0.72, 0.68, and 0.61 respectively.

Other models used for simulating carbon and nitrogen biogeochemistry in agricultural systems include

 DNDC
 EPIC

References

External links

Agriculture
Agronomy
Agriculture and the environment
Systems ecology
Hashima-class cable layer. The  were the only class of purpose-built cable layers of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN), serving during World War II. Four vessels were built in 1939–41 under the Maru 4 Programme.

Apart from laying communications cables, these ships were also designed as mine planters, for the installation of controlled mines in coastal fortifications.

Ships in class
Project number J21.

Photos

Footnotes

Bibliography
Monthly Ships of the World, Special issue Vol.45, "Escort Vessels of the Imperial Japanese Navy", , (Japan), February 1996
The Maru Special, Japanese Naval Vessels No.47, "Japanese naval mine warfare crafts",  (Japan), January 1981
Senshi Sōsho Vol.31, Naval armaments and war preparation (1), "Until November 1941", Asagumo Simbun (Japan), November 1969

World War II naval ships of Japan
Auxiliary ships of the Imperial Japanese Navy
Cable laying ships
Coastal fortifications
 
Mine warfare vessels of the Imperial Japanese Navy
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone
Siddeley. Siddeley may mean:
 Siddeley-Deasy, a British automobile, engine and aircraft company based in Coventry in the early 20th century
 Hawker Siddeley, a group of British manufacturing companies engaged in aircraft production
 Armstrong Siddeley, a British engineering group that operated during the first half of the 20th century
 John Siddeley, 1st Baron Kenilworth, a captain of the automobile industry in Britain
High-performance addressing. High-performance addressing (HPA) is an LCD passive-matrix display technology commonly found on low-end portable computers; versions of HPA have been developed by Hitachi and by Sharp. HPA enables higher response rates and contrast, displaying up to 16-million colors; however, HPA displays lack the crispness that is found with an Active-matrix display.
HPA uses a technique called multiline addressing in which the incoming video signal is analyzed and the image is refreshed with a frequency as high as possible.

References

Display technology
GSS Institute of Technology. GSS Institute of Technology (GSSIT), is a private co-educational engineering college  approved by the All India Council of Technical Education affiliated to Visweswaraiah Technological University established in 2004 and managed by H.R Charitable Trust. The campus is located on a hilly , surrounded by a green plantation, on the Byrohalli-Kengeri main road on the southwestern edge of Bangalore City. It is situated in Bangalore in Karnataka state, India. GSSIT is recognized as a Research Centre by Visvesvaraya Technological University (VTU).

GSSIT is a technical institute offering undergraduate and post-graduate programmes in several streams of Engineering, IT and Management. It has over 500 students. The college also supports environmental measures. The main Avenue is flanked on either side by green covers, the irrigation of which is done with waste water of the campus, treated in the water treatment plant. The hot water storage and supply system of the on campus boarding is entirely solar powered. The campus also houses an environmental-friendly cafeteria.
Recently a group of four higher semester students invented, how to increase mileage using water.

Courses and departments

Engineering Departments 
The following departments offer a four-year Bachelor of Engineering (B.E.) course in engineering:
 Department of Civil Engineering
 Department of Computer Science and Engineering
 Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
 Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
 Department of Mechanical Engineering..

Recently with prior approval of AICTE, the institute has increased its annual intake

Admission 

To get admission, students must appear in the examination conducted by the Karnataka state government and the Consortium of Medical, Engineering and Dental Colleges of Karnataka

Student life
Students participate in technical and cultural societies and clubs, to develop their managerial and technical skills.

Robotics club
The club organises robotics events and workshops in techfest and other times, round the year. A final year student is generally selected as a chairperson of the club.

Festivals
Students celebrate technical and cultural festivals held in every even semester of the academic year. "Kalataranga" is the major attraction which held in month of April every year. Many reputed colleges affiliated to university take part in this festival.

Library 
The Central Library serves the needs of students, faculty and staff members. The library has CD-Rom, on-line databases, journals, audio and video cassettes, dissertations and project reports. Senior Faculties and professors are actively involved in writing journals and books.

Controversy
The college has been disaffiliated from VTU.  Ref No. VTU/REG/2014-15/4000 dated 02/08/2014.

Gallery

References

External links

GSSIT website 
Cet Karnataka
VTU Website
Invention

Engineering colleges in Bengaluru
Affiliates of Visvesvaraya Technological University
All India Council for Technical Education
Educational institutions established in 2004
2004 establishments in Karnataka
Roger Elliott (physicist). Sir Roger James Elliott  (8 December 1928 – 16 April 2018) was a British theoretical physicist specialising in the magnetic, semiconductor, and optical properties of condensed matter.

Born in Chesterfield, Elliott obtained a DPhil in mathematics and theoretical physics from the University of Oxford in 1952. He was a research fellow at the University of California, Berkeley, in 1952–3, then at the Atomic Energy Research Establishment until 1955, when he was appointed to a lecturership at the University of Reading. He returned to the University of Oxford in 1957, where he was the Wykeham Professor of Physics from 1974 until 1988. He served as chief executive of Oxford University Press from 1988 until 1993.

The Institute of Physics awarded the Maxwell Medal and Prize jointly to Elliott and Kenneth William Harry Stevens in 1968, and the Guthrie Medal and Prize to Elliott in 1990. Elliott was elected a fellow of the Royal Society in 1976 and knighted in 1987. He has been awarded honorary Doctor of Science degrees by the universities of Paris (1983), Bath (1991), and Essex (1993). Elliott died on 16 April 2018 at the age of 89.

He was the cousin of mathematician Robert J. Elliott.

See also
Elliott formula

References

External links
Homepage at the Rudolf  Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford.

1928 births
2018 deaths
British theoretical physicists
English physicists
Members of Academia Europaea
Fellows of New College, Oxford
Fellows of St John's College, Oxford
People from Chesterfield, Derbyshire
Fellows of the Royal Society
Knights Bachelor
Maxwell Medal and Prize recipients
Wykeham Professors of Physics
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Walden reductor. The Walden reductor is a reduction column filled with metallic silver
which can be used to reduce a metal ion in aqueous solution to a lower oxidation state. It can be used e.g. to reduce UO22+ to U4+. The method is named after George H. Walden, who developed it jointly with a Ph.D. student, Sylvan M. Edmonds, at Columbia University.

Preparation and use
A copper wire is submerged in a solution of silver nitrate.  Dendritic crystals of silver immediately form on the copper wire according to the following redox reaction:

Cu + 2 Ag+ → Cu2+ + 2 Ag

The silver crystals are then removed from the copper wire, washed with pure water to remove the copper nitrate and the excess of silver nitrate and packed in a small glass column.

To use the reductor, the solution to be reduced is poured at the top of the glass tube, and then drawn through it. The reactive front progresses along the column as in chromatography and the extent of reduction reaches up to 100 % as the solution passes down the tube and the product becomes completely separated from the starting material.

Applications
The Walden reductor can be used to obtain chemical species in their low valence state if required for chemical analyses or to obtain small amounts of the compound in the appropriate form.

See also
Other reductor
 Jones reductor
Other oxidizing reagents (opposite)
 Tollens' reagent
 Benedict's reagent
 Fehling's solution

References

Further reading

 
 
 
 
 

Inorganic chemistry
Reducing agents
Silver compounds
Kamov Ka-92. The Kamov Ka-92 is a high-speed coaxial compound helicopter design proposed by Kamov of Russia in competition with the Mil Moscow Helicopter Plant for a $1.3 billion project by the Russian government for development of a high-speed helicopter.

Design and development
The Kamov Ka-92 is part of a program of the newly established Russian Helicopters company, intended to create a new generation of medium-class helicopters capable of cruising at about 500 km/h (312 mph) and flying over a distance of up to 1400 km. Its preliminary design and some specification data were unveiled at the HeliRussia 2009 exhibition near Moscow.

The Ka-92 will feature a coaxial rotor system which is distinctive of Kamov products. As on the Mil Mi-X1, a pusher propeller will be used on the Ka-92, but the Kamov will use two instead of one as Mil has chosen. As Kamov Chief Designer Sergey Mikheev explained, the traditional design when the main rotor both lifts and pushes the aircraft forward functions only up to a speed of about 300 km/h due to retreating blade stall. "Now we plan to split the functions of horizontal and vertical flights between different rotors", said Mikheev.

The Ka-92 is planned as a 30-seat passenger helicopter with a takeoff weight of 16 tons. According to Mikheev, the first prototype will be powered by two Klimov VK-2500 engines equipped with a new gearbox. However the designers plan to install more powerful 3,200 hp VK-3000 turboshafts as soon as the St. Petersburg-based Klimov Company finishes their development.  With improved aerodynamics and two rear-mounted counterrotating pusher propellers, the Ka-92 is expected to reach a cruise speed of 420 to 430 km/h.

Development of the Mi-X1 and Ka-92 was switched from Ministry for Industry and Trade to Ministry of Defence in 2015 due to reduced government funding and high operating cost. A Russian Air Force general planned for a prototype to fly in 2018, with production in 2022.

See also

References

 Russia & CIS Observer, May 2009.

Kamov aircraft
Soviet and Russian helicopters
Proposed aircraft of Russia
Coaxial rotor helicopters
Twin-engined single-prop pusher aircraft
Aircraft with contra-rotating propellers
Compound helicopters
Auto Italia. Auto Italia magazine was first published in March 1995, as the world’s first specialist publication to focus on Italian automotive design, motoring heritage and engineering. The founder of the magazine is Phil Ward.
The magazine is now owned and run by Michael Ward.

Auto Italia’s features are produced by a group of British and Italian writers, who all own, restore or race Italian cars.

References

External links
 Official website

1995 establishments in the United Kingdom
Automobile magazines published in the United Kingdom
Monthly magazines published in the United Kingdom
Magazines established in 1995
Mass media in Hertfordshire