omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Saint-Alban Nuclear Power Plant. The Saint-Alban nuclear power plant is located on the Rhone river, in the Isère department 50 km downstream from Lyon in the communes of Saint-Alban-du-Rhône and Saint-Maurice-l'Exil.

Description
The power station uses water from the Rhone river to cool its two 1,300 MW reactors and employs 670 people.

Type of reactors
The following types of reactors are installed:

Reactor units

Seismological risk
According to WENRA, EDF has prepared a plan in case of an earthquake, however other ASN documents from 2002 there may be some anomalies regarding the remote control and which may put into question the correct functioning of certain elements following an earthquake.

2003 heatwave
Following extremely high temperatures in July 2003 average water temperature rose above the limit authorised by the nuclear safety authorities for a period of 4 hours.

Fire risk
According to the 2007 ASN annual report recommendations were made to the operator to improve the security of the control room.

See also

 List of nuclear reactors - France

References

External links
{fr} Saint-Alban Power station website

Aerial view

Nuclear power stations in France
Energy infrastructure completed in 1985
Buildings and structures in Isère
20th-century architecture in France

no:Saint-Laurent kjernekraftverk
Indoor and Built Environment. Indoor and Built Environment is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering any topic pertaining to the quality of the indoor and built environment and how this affects the efficiency, performance, health, and comfort of those living or working there. Topics range from urban infrastructure, design of buildings, and materials used for laboratory studies including building airflow simulations and health effects.  The editor-in-chief is Chuck Yu (EnviroAct Consultants). It was established in 1992 by consultants to the tobacco company Philip Morris, and is published by SAGE Publications.

Criticism 
A 2005 study in The Lancet found that between 1992 and 2002 Indoor and Built Environment was influenced by the tobacco industry. It was found that up to 61% of articles on indoor smoke published by the journal reached industry-positive conclusions, with up to 90% of these articles having at least one author with a history of association with the industry.
 
Originally, the journal was funded by the International Society of the Built Environment (ISBE) and was published by Karger Publishers from 1992 to 2002. ISBE was closed in 2002 and  re-launched in 2009 as a limited company by guarantee as a "Community Interest Company" - a not for profit company. The journal, Indoor Environment, was renamed Indoor and Built Environment in 1996 by John Hoskins, who was editor-in-chief of the journal from 1994 to March 2009.

Abstracting and indexing 
The journal is abstracted and indexed in Chemical Abstracts Service, Engineered Materials Abstracts, Scopus, and the Science Citation Index Expanded. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2013 impact factor of 1.716, ranking it 7th out of 56 journals in the category "Construction & Building Technology" 22nd out of 44 journals in the category "Engineering, Environmental", and 75th out of 160 journals in the category "Public, Environmental & Occupational Health".

References

External links 
 

SAGE Publishing academic journals
English-language journals
Academic journals established in 1992
Environmental social science journals
Bimonthly journals
DieselHouse. DieselHouse is an interactive exhibition on diesel technology located on the grounds of the still operating H. C. Ørsted Power Station in the South Docklands of Copenhagen, Denmark. The exhibition is centred on a gigantic decommissioned Burmeister & Wain diesel engine which was the world's largest for more than 30 years.

History and premises
The result of a collaboration between the Museum of Copenhagen and MAN Diesel, DieselHouse opened in a former machine hall at H. C. Ørsted Power Station in June 2006. The conversion of the building  was undertaken by Gottlieb & Paludan Architects and has retained the machine hall’s basic structures but inserted three new storeys with exhibition space and a gallery that flanks the large diesel engine. The exhibition space and gallery have a terse modern design which contrasts with the industrial surroundings.

Exhibition
The exhibition displays several diesel engines of different sizes. The largest of the engines, which was built in 1932 and remained the world's largest for more than 30 years, stands 12.5 meters tall and 24.5 meters wide and weighs 1,400 tons. It produces 22,500 HP and supplied Copenhagen with electricity. It remained in use during peak demand until the 1970s. During World War II a resistance group consisting of workers at the power station used the engine for hiding weapons. It is started up the first and third Sunday every month at 11 am and runs for 5 to 10 minutes. The museum also exhibits Burmeister & Wain's first diesel engine from 1904 with a modest 40 HP and a single cylinder. It is started up every Thursday at 1 pm. 

The exhibition also offers a range of interactive activities.

References

External links
 Official website

Museums in Copenhagen
2006 establishments in Denmark
Diesel engine technology
Technology museums
Science museums in Copenhagen
National Institute of Applied Science and Technology. The National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT) is a Tunisian institute that is affiliated with the University of Carthage. Admission is very competitive and generally students must hold a very good GPA on the national exam to be admitted. 
Training technicians and engineers, it provides a post-baccalaureate education over a period of three and five years. Starting with two main branches CBA in French or ACB  (Applied-Chemistry-Biology) and MPI in French or MPC (Math-Physics-Computer science) for the first year of integrated preparatory cycle, further branching to 2 tracks for ACB students, and 4 tracks for MPC students.

References

External links

 

1992 establishments in Tunisia
Universities in Tunisia
Scientific organisations based in Tunisia
Educational institutions established in 1992
Ayusman Sen. Ayusman Sen is the Verne M. Willaman Professor of Chemistry, with appointments at the Departments of Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering at the Pennsylvania State University. He received a $25,000 award in 1984 from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.

Early life and education 
Sen was born in Calcutta, India. He received his B.Sc from University of Calcutta after which he obtained his M.Sc from Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur. He received his PhD from the University of Chicago in 1978 under the direction of Jack Halpern followed by a year of postdoctoral research with John E.Bercaw at the California Institute of Technology.

Career 
He joined the faculty at the Penn State in 1979, where he served as the Head of the Chemistry Department from 2004-2009. Sen was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2005 and the Royal Society of Chemistry in 2015.

His research interests during his career have encompassed catalysis, polymer science, active autonomous systems, synthetic nanomotors and micromotors, micropumps, nanotechnology and systems chemistry.

Prof. Sen is also Adjunct Professor at the International Centre for Materials Science, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research. He was the Iberdrola Visiting Professor at the University of Valladolid, the Coochbehar Professor at the Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, and Distinguished Scientist at the National Institute for Materials Science. Sen serves on the scientific advisory boards of the Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur and the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems.

He has explained what he calls his own "irrational interest" in science with a quote from Henry Moore: "The secret of life is to have a task, something you devote your entire life to, something you bring everything to, every minute of the day for the rest of your life. And the most important thing is, it must be something you cannot possibly do."

He has published more than 420 manuscripts in peer-reviewed journals with an h-index of 103 and holds 25 patents.

Selected Honors and Awards 

 1982 - 84  Young Investigator Award, Chevron Research Company
 1984 - 88  Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow
 1987 - 88  Paul J. Flory Award, IBM
 2003         Faculty Scholar Medal, Pennsylvania State University
 2005         Elected Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science
 2011         Medal, Chemical Research Society of India (CRSI)
 2013         Member, Scientific Advisory Board, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Germany
 2015         Elected Fellow, Royal Society of Chemistry
 2019         Langmuir Lecture Award, American Chemical Society
 2019         Humboldt Prize, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation

References 

Pennsylvania State University faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Poole & Steel. Poole & Steel was a major Australian engineering, railway rolling stock manufacturer and shipbuilding company. It had facilities located in Balmain, New South Wales and Osborne, South Australia.

History

The company was set up by Arthur Hugh Poole and James Steel, and the Balmain yard was in operation by 1902. In first decade of the 20th century, it made ships, railway wagons, and notably, gold dredges, production of which boomed during that decade.

The shipyard at Osborne was established in 1919. It was sold to the Government of South Australia in 1937.

It became a public company, Poole and Steel Limited, in late 1944. The Balmain yard was subject to a protracted industrial dispute, in 1946, that resulted in Poole and Steel and all other privately-owned shipyards on the harbour joining forces in a lockout. The company remained profitable into the 1950s, but eventually became a victim of the declining significance of local shipping, reduced work for the navy, industrial disputes and high costs, de facto removal of industry protection, and overseas competition. The Balmain yard appears to have ceased production effectively by 1961.

Products of Balmain

No 5 dumb hopper barge
Oil Fuel Lighter No 3
Oil Fuel Lighter No 1204
Gold dredges, for  Wellington and Jembaicumbene.

Products of Osborne
600 gondola cars for South Australian Railways
500 steel box cars for South Australian Railways
100 steel cars for South Australian Railways

SS Euwarra

Dredges and barges for Harbour Board
Bridge (Murray Bridge)

See also 

 Murrumbidgee River Bridge, Carrathool

References

External links
 Media at Wikimedia Commons under Category: Poole and Steel

Engineering companies of Australia
Defunct locomotive manufacturers of Australia
Defunct rolling stock manufacturers of Australia
Shipbuilding companies of Australia
Shipyards of Australia
Shipyards of New South Wales
Kundah Power House. The Kundah Power House is located in the Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India. It is one of the biggest electricity generating schemes in Tamil Nadu. The group of peaks Devarbatta, Karaikada, Koulingabetta and Porthimund, all over 2400 Metres ASL (above sea level) drain into two streams, Avalanche and Emerald. Total estimated cost of the Kundah scheme is Rs. 35 44 lakhs. This project is whole of it Canadian Aid  under the  Colombo Plan  Avalanche and Emerald Dams, along with Upper Bhavani, form the major source of water for the Kundah hydro-electric project. The project is a symbol of India-Canada friendship and co-operation. The project was executed by then TNEB Civil engineer R.S. Sankaranarayanan (Retd.), Chennai 
The Power houses were commissioned from the year 1960 to 1964.

Generation

Kundah Power House 1

Kundah Power House 1 is located in Kundah Bridge, 25 km from Ooty. There are 3 units and the installed capacity of the power house is 60MW. The water source for the power house is Avalanche and Emerald Dams.

Kundah Power House 2

Kundah Power House 2 is located at Geddai, 16 km from Kundah/Manjoor.  There are 5 units and the installed capacity of power house is 175MW. The water source for the power house is Kundah forebay dam, (the tail race water of Power House-1) and its Forebay Capacity is 1000 Cusec.

Kundah Power House 3
Kundah power house 3 is located at Parali and its installed capacity is 180 MW (3*60)...This power house has one of the big power generating unit in kundah circle

Kundah Power House 4

Kundah Power House 4 is located at Pillur.  There are 2 units and the installed capacity of the power house is 100MW.  The water source for the power house is Pillur Dam, the tail race water of Power House 3) and its Forbay Capacity is 6000 Cusec.

Kundah Power House 5

Kundah Power House 5 is located at Avalanche, 18 km from Kundah. There are 2 units and the installed capacity of the power house is 40MW. The water source for the power house is Western Catchment Dam 1 and Upper Bhavani Dam and its Forebay Capacity is 700 Cusec.

Kundah Power House 6

Kundah Power House 6 is located at Kattukuppai. There is 1 unit and the installed capacity of the power house is 30MW. The water source for the power house is Western Catchment Dams 2 & 3, Porthimund Dam and Parsons Valley Dam, and its Forebay Capacity is 683 Cusec.

See also 

 Kateri hydro-electric system
 Tamil Nadu Electricity Board
 Moyar hydro-electric Power House
 Maravakandy hydro-electric Power House

References

Hydroelectric power stations in Tamil Nadu
Energy infrastructure completed in 1960
1960 establishments in Madras State
Buildings and structures in Nilgiris district
H. C. Ørsted Power Station. H. C. Ørsted Power Station (Danish: H. C. Ørstedværket) is a natural gas fired combined heat and power station located at Enghave Brygge, Sydhavnen in Copenhagen, Denmark. It is owned and operated by Ørsted.

It is named after the Danish physicist Hans Christian Ørsted, the discoverer of electromagnetism.

History

Copenhagen's first three power stations, Gothersgade Power Station from 1892 and the Western and Easter Power Stations from 1898 and 1901, all operated by Københavns Belysningsvæsen, used direct current technology which required a location close to the consumers. The introduction of alternating current technology made it possible to build larger plants at less central locations and H. C. Ørsted Power Station, designed by Andreas Fussing, was built between 1916 and 1920 on Kalvebod Beach to the south of the city. The location by the sea and close to the Southern Harbour provided easy access to cooling water and coal-loading facilities.

On its completion it became the largest power station in Denmark, a position it kept until 1940. It had enough capacity to supply all of the Copenhagen area with lighting, reducing the three existing power stations to back-up systems and transformer stations.

The power station was expanded and adapted in 1924 and again between 1930 and 1932 by Louis Hygom and Valdemar Schmidt. The 1932 expansion saw the installation of a gigantic Burmeister & Wain diesel engine which held the position as the world's largest diesel engine for about 30 years. This engine is still on the grounds operating as an exhibit for DieselHouse, an interactive exhibition museum.  It is started up the first and third Sunday every month at 11 am and runs for 5 to 10 minutes.

Coal remained the principal source of fuel until 1994 when it was converted into a natural gas-fired power station.

Architecture
The building is red-washed with tall slender windows and blue chimneys. It has been designated as one of 25 Danish Industrial Heritage Sites by the Danish Heritage Agency.

Technical description
Today the primary task of the power station is to supply district heating to the district-heating network of Greater Copenhagen. Its capacity is 200 MJ/s of heat and 25 MW of electricity supplied from unit 8, which consist of a natural gas fired gas turbine.

See also 

 List of power stations in Denmark

References

External links

Orsted, official website

Energy infrastructure completed in 1920
Energy infrastructure completed in 1924
Energy infrastructure completed in 1932
Power stations in Copenhagen
Cogeneration power stations in Denmark
Coal-fired power stations in Denmark
Natural gas-fired power stations in Denmark
1920 establishments in Denmark
Kongens Enghave
Sacrificial metal. A sacrificial metal is a metal used as a sacrificial anode in cathodic protection that corrodes to prevent a primary metal from corrosion or rusting. It may also be used for galvanization.

Equation
When two metals touch each other and water is present, electrolysis occurs. One well known example is the reaction between zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe). Zinc atoms will lose electrons in preference to the iron as they are more electropositive and therefore zinc is oxidized and corrodes.

Zn(s)→(aq) +2e (oxidation)

Capacity derivation from 1st Principles
The capacity of a sacrificial metal may be calculated from first principle as follows:

 1 kg Al  = 1000/27 moles Al
 1 kg Al  = 3 x 1000/27 moles of electrons
 1 kg Al  = 3 x 1000/27 x 96494 coulombs of charge (by Faraday principles)
 = 10.72 x 106 Amp.seconds of charge per Kg Al   (1 Coulomb = 1 Amp.Second)
 = 10.72 x 106/3600 = 2978 Amp.Hours per Kg
By similar calculations Zinc and Magnesium have a capacity of 825 and 2206 Amp.Hours per Kg respectively.

Uses
Sacrificial metals are widely used to prevent other metals from corroding: for example in galvanised steel. Many steel objects are coated with a layer of zinc, which is more electronegative than iron, and thus oxidises in preference to the iron, preventing the iron from rusting. Similarly, sacrificial bars of a metal such as aluminium or aluminium alloys can be attached to an oil rig or to the hull of a ship to prevent it from rusting and breaking down. Magnesium may similarly be used on dry land for installations such as pipelines and oil refineries, where its high driving voltage is better for overcoming the resistance of soils found on dry land.

See also
 Metal in electrochemical series
 Corrosion engineering

References

Further reading
Brett CMA, Brett AMO, ELECTROCHEMISTRY, Principles, methods, and applications, Oxford University Press, (1993) 

Electrochemistry
Corrosion prevention
Metallurgy
Wittemann-Lewis. The Wittemann-Lewis Aircraft Company was an American aircraft manufacturer between 1906 and 1923. It was notable for building two large aircraft, the Sundstedt-Hannevig transatlantic seaplane with a 100-foot wingspan and the NBL-1 Barling Bomber a six-engined triplane with a 120-foot wingspan.

Early years
The company had been formed at Staten Island, New York in 1906 by Charles and Adolph Wittemann as Wittemann Aeronautical Engineers. The first aircraft built was a Wright pusher biplane in 1907, unusual for the time it had a swivelling tail wheel. A series of Wright pusher triplanes were built between 1908 and 1914 for a number of notable aviators. In 1911 they built a number of Hall-Scott pusher biplanes for Thomas Baldwin, known as the Baldwin Red Devil for the red-doped covering. Between 1913 and 1914 they built several Curtis-type biplanes.

Around 1917 Adolph Wittemann left the company and Charles was joined by Samuel Lewis and they became the Wittemann-Lewis Aircraft Company and moved to a new factory in Teterboro in New Jersey. During 1918 the factory was used to build the twin-engined Sundstedt-Hannevig Seaplane for an attempt by Captain Sundstedt on the Daily Mail £10,000 prize for the first transatlantic crossing. The seaplane crashed during a test flight in February 1919 and was not repaired. Also produced in 1918 was the Wittemann-Lewis Training Tractor (sometime known as the Wittemann-Lewis T-T) a two-seat training biplane.

In 1921 the company was contracted to build two NBL-1 Barling Bombers for the Engineering Division of the United States Army. The NBL-1 was a large six-engined triplane bomber which was shipped by train and assembled at Wright Field. In 1923 the company modified 25 de Havilland DH.4s for the United States Post Office as mail carriers, they would be the last aircraft produced by the company, with the factory being purchased by Fokker later that year. The company then concentrated on engineering research, but in 1924 it was declared bankrupt.

References
Notes

External links

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United States
International Journal of Damage Mechanics. The International Journal of Damage Mechanics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the fields of engineering and materials science. The editor-in-chief is Chi L. Chow (University of Michigan). It was established in 1992 and is published by SAGE Publications.

Abstracting and indexing 
The journal is abstracted and indexed in Academic Search Premier, Current Contents, the Material Science Citation Index, Mechanical Engineering Abstracts, Scopus, and the Science Citation Index Expanded. According to the Journal Citation Reports, its 2019 impact factor is 3.125 (2 years), ranking it 126 out of 314 journals in the category "Materials Science, Multidisciplinary" and 31st out of 136 journals in the category "Mechanics".

References

External links 
 

SAGE Publishing academic journals
English-language journals
Academic journals established in 1992
Engineering journals
The International Journal of Robotics Research. The International Journal of Robotics Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers the field of robotics on topics from sensors and sensory interpretations to kinematics in motion planning. Its editor-in-chief is Antonio Bicchi (University of Pisa). The journal was established in 1982 and is published by SAGE Publications.

Abstracting and indexing 
The journal is abstracted and indexed in Scopus and the Science Citation Index. According to the Journal Citation Reports, its 2013 impact factor is 2.503, ranking it 3rd out of 21 journals in the category "Robotics".

References

External links 
 

SAGE Publishing academic journals
English-language journals
Academic journals established in 1982
Robotics journals
Journals published between 13 and 25 times per year
IIMS. IIMS may stand for:

 Indian Institutes of Management (IIMs)
 Indian Institute of Management Sambalpur (IIM-S)
 Indian Institute of Management Shillong (IIM-S)
 Indian Institute of Management Sirmaur (IIM-S)
 Indonesia International Motor Show

See also
 Buzzard IIMS, a variant of the Rolls-Royce Buzzard engine
Optenet. Optenet was a global security company that provides customers with a multi-tenant Secure Web Gateway and with an antispam and antiphishing software. Primarily for carriers, managed security service providers and large enterprises. In March 2015, Allot acquired Optenet.

History
Optenet was a private company that was a spin-off of the University of Navarra's Engineering Faculty and San Sebastián's Research Centre in San Sebastian, Spain. An internal study by a teacher in computer science, Francisco Martín Abreu, on antispam for the Spanish language proved that there was none efficient enough. Optenet was founded to fill this need. It provides customers with a multi-tenant secure web gateway and an e-mail infrastructure solution primarily for carriers, managed security service providers and large enterprises that want to create service offerings for their own clients. Its product Optenet WebSecure was recently awarded five stars in SC Magazine's Web Content Management Group Test, defining it as a 'Solid' Web Security solution.. In March 2015, Allot acquired Optenet for $38 million.

Distinctions & achievements
Optenet has been named a "Cool Vendor" by Gartner for its innovative Multi-tenant technology in 2011, in Gartner's report, "Cool Vendors in Communications Service Provider Infrastructure 2011," authored by Akshay Sharma and Deborah Kish.

References

External links
 

Computer security companies
Software companies established in 1997
Software companies of Spain