omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
PPN. PPN may refer to:
Guillermo León Valencia Airport
Pre-Pottery Neolithic
Nigerien Progressive Party-African Democratic Rally (Parti Progressiste Nigérien)
Pingat Pangkuan Negara, a Malaysian honour
Pedunculopontine nucleus
Principal protected note, an investment contract
Protoplanetary nebula
Parameterized post-Newtonian formalism, for calculations on gravity
Pacific Patriot Network

See also
PPN+ or [(Ph3P)2N]+ cation, produced from Bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium chloride
Wireless Intelligent Network. Wireless Intelligent Network (also referred to as a WIN) is a concept developed by the TR-45 Mobile and Personal Communications Systems Standards engineering committee of the Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA). Its objective is to transport the resources of the Intelligent Network to the wireless network, utilizing the TIA-41 set of technical standards. Basing WIN standards on this protocol allows changing to an intelligent network without making current network infrastructure obsolete.

Overview
Today's wireless subscribers are much more sophisticated telecommunications users than they were five years ago. No longer satisfied with just completing a clear call, today's subscribers demand innovative ways to use the wireless phone. They want multiple services that allow them to handle or select incoming calls in a variety of ways. 
Enhanced services are very important to wireless customers. They have come to expect, for instance, services such as caller ID and voice messaging bundled in the package when they buy and activate a cellular or personal communications service (PCS) phone. Whether prepaid, voice/data messaging, Internet surfing, or location-sensitive billing, enhanced services will become an important differentiator in an already crowded, competitive service-provider market. Enhanced services will also entice potentially new subscribers to sign up for service and will drive up airtime through increased usage of PCS or cellular services. As the wireless market becomes increasingly competitive, rapid deployment of enhanced services becomes critical to a successful wireless strategy. 

Intelligent Network (IN) solutions have revolutionized wireline networks. Rapid creation and deployment of services has become the hallmark of a wireline network based on IN concepts. Wireless Intelligent Network (WIN) will bring those same successful strategies into the wireless networks. 
The evolution of wireless networks to a WIN concept of service deployment delivers the following advantages, similar to the IN benefits reaped by wireline providers:
• Multivendor product offerings that faster competition 
• Uniform services to subscribers across service areas 
• Efficient network use 
• Service creation and deployment

TIA-41 Standards
TIA-41 describes procedures necessary to provide certain services requiring interaction between different cellular systems to cellular radio telephone subscribers. The standards aim to address the ongoing and developing concerns of the cellular radiotelecommunications industry with regard to useful and effective services requiring standardized intersystem procedures.

References

Wireless networking
Namihei Odaira. was a Japanese entrepreneur and philanthropist who founded Hitachi.

Life

Odaira was born on January 15, 1874, in Ienaka, Shimotsuga, Tochigi Prefecture (present-day Tsugamachi Kassenba, Tochigi), the second son of Odaira Sōhachi and Chiyo.

In 1900, he graduated from the electrical engineering department of Tokyo Imperial University. Following his graduation, he joined a mining company as an engineer in its power plant. From there, he went on to several electric power companies.

In 1906, he joined the Kuhara Mining Company at its Hitachi copper mine as an engineering section chief. Although his main duties at the mine were to ensure a stable supply of electricity and to maintain the mine's electrical equipment, he and his colleagues began working on the manufacture of a five-horsepower electric motor. This marked the beginning of the development that would become Hitachi, which was founded by Odaira in 1910. However, because it was started as an in-house venture of the Kuhara Mining Company, the owner of Hitachi was Fusanosuke Kuhara, the president of the mining company, not Odaira.

Hitachi Ltd. was incorporated as an independent company in 1920. Odaira acted as the managing director of Hitachi from 1910 to 1929 and the president from 1929 to 1947.

In 1947, Odaira was ordered out of this position by the U.S. occupation authorities. In 1951, this order was lifted, and he returned to the company as chairman emeritus. Almost immediately after his return, he died on October 5, 1951, aged 77.

See also 
 Hitachi Works

References 

1874 births
1951 deaths
People from Tochigi Prefecture
Hitachi people
Japanese businesspeople
Japanese philanthropists
University of Tokyo alumni
Japanese company founders
Transaction Processing Management System. Transaction Processing Management System (TPMS) is an online transaction processing superstructure software from ICL (now Fujitsu Services) that runs on their VME mainframe computers. The first versions were released in the mid-1970s and were sold worldwide.

Structure
The service runs in at least two Virtual Machines (VMs)
a Control VM (CVM), responsible for connecting, disconnecting terminals and routing messages
one or more Application VMs (AVMs), responsible for all application processing - receiving input messages and returning output messages.

International Computers Limited
CGD. CGD may refer to:

Organizations
Caixa Geral de Depósitos, Portuguese bank
Compagnia Generale del Disco, Italian record label
Center for Global Development, a Washington-based think-tank

Other
IATA code for Changde Taohuayuan Airport, China
Chronic granulomatous disease, a condition of the immune system
Constitutional growth delay, a condition inhibiting children's growth
Certified GeoExchange Designer -- see IGSHPA and Association of Energy Engineers
Commercial Grade Dedication
NetBSD Cryptographic Device Driver
IFT. IFT may refer to:

Groups, organizations, companies
 Federal Telecommunications Institute (), a government agency of Mexico
 Independent Film Trust
 Initiative for Free Trade
 Institute of Food Technologists
 Institute for Tourism Studies, Macao ()
 International Federation of Translators
 Irish Film Theatre

Vehicular and transportation
 Initial Flight Training
 Integrated Flight Test
 Starship integrated flight tests

Science, medicine, math, engineering, technology
 Implicit function theorem
 Information field theory
 Interferential therapy
 Intraflagellar transport
 Inverse Fourier transform
 Inverse function theorem

Other uses
 "I.F.T." (Breaking Bad), a 2010 TV episode of Breaking Bad

See also
Data Reference Model. The Data Reference Model (DRM) is one of the five reference models of the Federal Enterprise Architecture.

Overview 
The DRM is a framework whose primary purpose is to enable information sharing and reuse across the United States federal government via the standard description and discovery of common data and the promotion of uniform data management practices. The DRM describes artifacts which can be generated from the data architectures of federal government agencies. The DRM provides a flexible and standards-based approach to accomplish its purpose. The scope of the DRM is broad, as it may be applied within a single agency, within a community of interest, or cross-community of interest.

Data Reference Model topics

DRM structure 
The DRM provides a standard means by which data may be described, categorized, and shared. These are reflected within each of the DRM's three standardization areas:

 Data Description: Provides a means to uniformly describe data, thereby supporting its discovery and sharing.
 Data Context: Facilitates discovery of data through an approach to the categorization of data according to taxonomies. Additionally, enables the definition of authoritative data assets within a community of interest.
 Data Sharing: Supports the access and exchange of data where access consists of ad hoc requests (such as a query of a data asset), and exchange consists of fixed, re-occurring transactions between parties. Enabled by capabilities provided by both the Data Context and Data Description standardization areas.

DRM Version 2 
The Data Reference Model version 2 released in November 2005 is a 114-page document with detailed architectural diagrams and an extensive glossary of terms.

The DRM also make many references to ISO standards specifically the ISO/IEC 11179 metadata registry standard.

DRM usage 
The DRM is not technically a published technical interoperability standard such as web services, it is an excellent starting point for data architects within federal and state agencies.  Any federal or state agencies that are involved with exchanging information with other agencies or that are involved in data warehousing efforts should use this document as a guide.

See also
 Enterprise architecture framework
 Enterprise application integration
 Enterprise service bus
 Federal Enterprise Architecture
 ISO/IEC 11179
 Metadata publishing
 Semantic spectrum
 Semantic web
 Synonym ring

External links
 US Department of Defense Data Reference Model
 US Federal Enterprise Architecture Program Data Reference Model Version 2.0 

Computer data
Data management
Reference models
KBP. KBP can mean:

 Kabye language, ISO 639-3 code
 Knowledge-based_processor, used for processing packets in computer networks
 Kilo-base pair (kb or kbp), a unit of measurement of DNA or RNA length used in genetics
 Boryspil International Airport, its IATA airport code
 KBP Instrument Design Bureau, a weapons manufacturer
 Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas (Association of Broadcasters in the Philippines), the independent and self-regulatory association of radio and television stations and broadcasters in the Philippines.
 Kappa Beta Pi, a legal association and former sorority.
MÁV Class M44. MÁV Class M44 is a Hungarian shunting engine built from 1954 to 1971, and used by multiple railways, including Hungarian State Railways (MÁV), Polish State Railways (PKP), Bulgarian State Railways (BDŽ), Yugoslav Railways (JŽ), and some industrial railways in the former countries of the Eastern Bloc.

All versions used the Ganz–Jendrassik XVI Jv 170/240 V16 4-stroke naturally aspirated diesel engine producing 600 HP (420 kW).

History
The Hungarian railway system was in a very bad shape after the ending of the war, and modernisation became important for MÁV. Ganz has built 2 generator locomotives for the suburban electrified railways during the war. MÁV needed a heavy shunting locomotive to replace the previously used old and obsolete steam locomotives, with relatively high power and acceleration. Ganz has designed a diesel electric locomotive with the then-biggest series built engine made by them, the Ganz XVI Jv 170/240. The first 2 prototypes were built in 1954, and they got the designation M424 5001 and 5002. After the good results of the tests, mass production had started. Other railways bought from this design, with similar results. After nearly 70 years, the original prototypes are still operational, and the class is still in active service, albeit with decreasing numbers.

References
SM40/41
Translated from the Hungarian article.

See also
Polish locomotives designation

Railway locomotives introduced in 1954
Bo′Bo′ locomotives
Diesel–electric locomotives of Poland
Standard gauge locomotives of Poland
Shunting locomotives
Ganz locomotives
Diesel–electric locomotives of Hungary
Standard gauge locomotives of Hungary
OpenBUGS. OpenBUGS is a software application for the Bayesian analysis of complex statistical models using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. OpenBUGS is the open source variant of WinBUGS (Bayesian inference Using Gibbs Sampling). It runs under Microsoft Windows and Linux, as well as from inside the R statistical package. Versions from v3.0.7 onwards have been designed to be at least as efficient and reliable as WinBUGS over a range of test applications.

Differences from WinBUGS
In addition to the different licence and greater range of operating systems, a fundamental difference between OpenBUGS and WinBUGS is the way in which the expert system selects the updating algorithm to use for the class of full conditional distribution of each node. While WinBUGS defines one algorithm for each possible class, there is no limit to the number of algorithms that OpenBUGS can use, allowing greater flexibility and extensibility. The user can select the updater to be used for each node after compilation. Further differences are detailed on the OpenBUGS website.

Programming language 

The source code of OpenBUGS is written in the Component Pascal programming language and is dependent on the Component Pascal libraries provided by Oberon Microsystems as part of the Blackbox Component Framework. The development tools are available as open source. Binaries of the current version of OpenBUGS are available for Microsoft Windows, and the previous version for Linux, it can also run under WINE for Linux. Installation problems, development and usage questions are discussed at the OpenBUGS Bulletin Board.

Attempts to port OpenBUGS to Java with the Gardens Point Component Pascal were given up in favor of a new portable implementation called JAGS.

The BUGS language is the language that specifies the model code. It is parsed by OpenBUGS, which then creates an executable (compiled code) that generates a sample from the posterior distribution when run.

OpenBUGS was designed to run together with S-Plus and the BUGS language is similar to the S programming language. OpenBUGS works well together with R; the R2OpenBUGS or BRugs packages provides some interoperability, and R modules help further analyses.

References

External links 
 OpenBugs at the University of Cambridge
 Since 2021 former official website at openbugs.net is offline, a source code mirror can be found at Github/openbugs, but development appears to be shifted to MultiBugs with its source, also on GitHub as noted in the page Future Developments which still can be found on Internet Archive.

Free Bayesian statistics software
Numerical programming languages
Monte Carlo software
Severin Elektro. SEVERIN Elektrogeräte GmbH is a German manufacturer of electric home appliances with its headquarters in Sundern, Germany.

History
The Severin company emerged from a blacksmith shop founded by Anton Severin in 1892. After the First World War, the Anton Severin Metallfabrik was founded. With the production of curtain rods, it was one of several companies in Sundern specialising in this area of metalware production. In December 1921 the Severin Elektrogeräte GmbH was founded as A. Severin & Co Company. In 1922, the production site was relocated within the town and the manufacturing of aluminium tableware started. A short time later this product range was abandoned, and the production of cake plates, coasters and glass plates became more important. Later serving trolleys were added as well.

After the end of the Second World War the course of business remained rather modest. This changed after the currency reform; the company benefited from the increasing demand for consumer goods. In 1948 a new factory building was erected. Since 1952, Severin has been producing electrical appliances, mainly for the household. Between 1956 and 1962 the company expanded strongly and four factory halls were added. In 1962 a branch factory was built in Wenholthausen, which initially produced drying hoods and fan heaters, but later mainly focused coffee machines. In 1966 another factory was built in Wallen near Meschede. By 1967, the year of the 75th anniversary, 200 different types of small electrical appliances were produced. In order to produce plastic parts a plant was built in Berge near Meschede in 1977. The plants in Wallen and Wenholthausen were closed in later years.

Today's structure
The product range includes items such as coffee machines, water kettles, toasters, egg cookers, electrical grills and raclette grills, mixers, vacuum cleaners, hair and body care products. In total, more than 200 different electrical appliances are available in the product range. In 2011, the company had over 2,600 employees worldwide and is represented in over 80 countries. Severin has sales offices in France, Spain, Sweden, the Netherlands, Italy and Poland. Production has been taking place in production plants located in Shenzhen, China, since 1995. Production in Sundern was subsequently discontinued in 2020.
In the summer of 2013, Severin reduced the number of employees in Sundern by 52 from 387 in 2012 to 335 due to low sales. In the 24 months to August 2014, Severin demonstrated innovative ability by launching over 60 new products and numerous patents. In March 2015, the entrepreneurial family Knauf from Dortmund invested in Severin and acquired a 49% shareholding. On 1 May 2018, the Knauf family took over 100% of the company shares. In spring 2020, the company launched a new, innovative electrical grill platform on the market, which was awarded the Kitchen Innovation Prize.

Literatur

References

External links

SEVERIN's official website

Companies based in North Rhine-Westphalia
Home appliance manufacturers of Germany
Electronics companies established in 1892
1892 establishments in Germany
German brands
Abnaki-class tugboat. The Abnaki-class tug is a class of United States Navy fleet ocean tugs which began construction in November 1942. Comprising 22 oceangoing tugboats, the class was constructed in response to the needs of World War II, but members of the class served in the Korean War and Vietnam War as well. The United States Navy no longer has any ships of this class in active duty.

Ships

See also

 Sotoyomo-class fleet tug
 Type V ship - Tugs
 List of auxiliaries of the United States Navy

References

 

  
Auxiliary tugboat classes
Sabieite. Sabieite is a mineral with the chemical formula (NH4)Fe3+(SO4)2. Its type locality is Lone Creek Falls cave, Sabie, Pilgrim's Rest District Ehlanzeni, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. Its crystals are trigonal to trapezohedral. It is white and leaves a white streak. It is transparent and has an earthy luster. Sabieite is rated 2 on the Mohs Scale.

References 
Webmineral.com - Sabieite
Mindat.org - Sabieite
Handbook of Mineralogy - Sabieite

Iron(III) minerals
Sulfate minerals
Trigonal minerals
Minerals in space group 150
Goddard Rocket Launching Site. The Goddard Rocket Launching Site is a National Historic Landmark commemorating the launch site of the world's first successful liquid-fueled rocket.

History
Dr. Robert H. Goddard launched his historic rocket on March 16, 1926, from what was then the Asa Ward Farm. The  rocket reached an altitude of , flew for two-and-a-half seconds, and fell to the ground  from the launching frame.

Goddard's final launch from Auburn, on July 17, 1929, was also a historic first. The  rocket carried an aneroid barometer, thermometer, and a camera triggered when the parachute opened. All three instruments operated successfully and were recovered. The rocket achieved a maximum altitude of  in an 18.5-second flight covering a distance of .

The site was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1966.

Location
The site is located at 20 Upland Street, Auburn, Massachusetts, within the Pakachoag Golf Course. The launch site is indicated with two markers accessible to visitors while the golf course is open. An obelisk marking the launch site itself is about 1000 feet (300 m) southeast of Upland Street at the "9th Fairway, between Tee and Green," of the Pakachoag Golf Course. This marker may be difficult to access due to the nature of golf. The best advice for visiting is to walk the rock wall between 1st and 9th fairways. A second marker, rectangular in shape, is just off Upland Street in the northwest corner of the golf course.

The obelisk reads:

See also
List of National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts
National Register of Historic Places listings in Worcester County, Massachusetts

References

External links

Aviation: From Sand Dunes to Sonic Booms, a National Park Service Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary

National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts
Rocket launch sites in the United States
Monuments and memorials on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts
Buildings and structures in Auburn, Massachusetts
National Register of Historic Places in Worcester County, Massachusetts
Mid-Atlantic Air Museum. The Mid-Atlantic Air Museum (MAAM) is an aviation museum and aircraft restoration facility located at Reading Regional Airport in Reading, Pennsylvania. The museum, founded by Russ Strine, the current President, collects and actively restores historic war planes and classic airliners as well as rare civilian and military aircraft. Many of the museum's historic aircraft are often seen on the airshow circuit.

Overview
The Mid-Atlantic Air Museum has hosted the “World War II Weekend Air Show” annually since 1990. The World War II Weekend is generally scheduled to coincide with 6 June, with an attendance approaching 100,000 people.

The museum offers rides in their vintage North American SNJ (Navy version of the AT-6 “Texan” World War II military trainer) and in a Stearman Biplane on the second Saturday of the month from May through October excluding the month of June.

It has also embarked on an ambitious project to restore its Northrop P-61B Black Widow, recovered from New Guinea in 1989, to flying condition.

Mid Atlantic Air Museum also sells aircraft for MS Flight Simulator of some of their restored aircraft such as the B-25, C-47 and TBM Avenger.

In 2014, the museum acquired 10 t-hangars from a company called Airlife Hangars.

In 2017, the construction of a new  hangar and  storage building was approved and work began the following year.

Aircraft on display

 Elias EC-1 Aircoupe
 Brunner-Winkle Bird
 American Eagle Eaglet 31
 Heath LNA-40
 Heath CNA-40 Midwing
 Pietenpol Air Camper
 Kinner B-1
 Kellett KD-1
 Aeronca C-3
 Piper J-2 Cub
 Aeronca K
 Arrow Model F
 Fairchild 24 G
 Taylor-Young Model A
 Troyer VX
 Fairchild PT-19
 Naval Aircraft Factory N3N
 Piper NE-1 Cub
 Stearman N2S-3 Kaydett (B-75N)
 Fairchild PT-26 Cornell
 Vultee BT-13A Valiant
 Cessna UC-78 Bobcat
 North American B-25J Mitchell
 North American SNJ-4B Texan
 Northrop P-61B Black Widow
 Douglas R4D-6 Skytrain
 Eastern Aircraft TBM-3E Avenger
 Auster Mk.V J/1 Autocrat
 Commonwealth 185 Skyranger
 Republic F-84B Thunderjet
 Republic RC-3 Seabee
 ERCO 415-G Ercoupe
 Piper PA-22 Tripacer
 North American F-86F Sabre
 Martin 4-0-4
 Fairchild C-119F Flying Boxcar
 Piasecki H-21B Shawnee
 Piper L-21B Grasshopper
 Vickers 745D Viscount
 Lockheed SP-2H Neptune (P2V-7S)  
 Sikorsky UH-34D Seahorse
 Beechcraft Model G18S
 Piper PA-22-150 Caribbean
 Ried Flying Submarine (Prototype)
 Sikorsky HH-52A Seaguard
 CCW-5 Channelwing
 Rutan VariEze          
 Piper PA-34-200 Seneca
 Spratt 108
 Cessna 150M Commander
 American Aerolites Double Eagle
 Bellanca 14-19-3 Cruisair
 Aichi D3A – replica

References

External links

Mid Atlantic Air Museum
World War II Weekend Air Show Information
Mid Atlantic Air Museum Photos of aircraft and other aviation exhibits at the Mid Atlantic Air Museum in Reading, PA

Aerospace museums in Pennsylvania
Museums in Reading, Pennsylvania