omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Bréguet 280T. The Bréguet 280T was a French biplane airliner of the late 1920s, created by the manufacturer as a means of finding a civil market for their 19 warplane, as they had once tried before with the 26T.

Development
The 280T was similar to the 26T, using the Bréguet 19's flying surfaces combined with a passenger-carrying fuselage that completely filled the interplane gap. The 280 fuselage was based on the 26T's fuselage but featured refined aerodynamics.

Operational history
A single prototype was evaluated in autumn 1928, followed by eight production machines ordered by Air Union. These were flown on routes between Paris and southern France, between Paris and Switzerland, and (occasionally) between Paris and London. They were joined in service by a 10th machine (converted from one of the 281T prototypes), and six 284Ts with more powerful engines (one of these converted from the other 281T). Two of this latter type were also operated by Air Orient on routes to East Asia. Some of Air Union's 280Ts and 284Ts were still in service when the airline was absorbed into Air France.

Accidents and incidents
On 17 January 1931, Bréguet 280T F-AIVU of Air Union crashed while attempting to land at Lympne Airport in England. The aircraft caught the boundary fence and crashed onto the airfield, damaging the forward fuselage and undercarriage. Of the eight people on board, one of the crew was injured.

Variants
280T
First main production version with a  Renault 12Jb engine, nine built.
281T
Prototypes with  Lorraine-Dietrich 12Ed engines. Two aircraft built, one later converted to 280T, the other to 284T standard.
284T
Second main production version with  Hispano-Suiza 12Lbrx engine, seven built.

Operators

Air Orient operated two Bréguet 284T aircraft.
Air Union operated ten Bréguet 280T and five Bréguet 284T aircraft.
Air France

Specifications (280T)

References

Citations

Bibliography

 
 

Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
1920s French airliners
 0280T
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Markus Reiner. Markus Reiner  (, born 5 January 1886, died 25 April 1976) was an Israeli scientist and a major figure in rheology.

Biography 
Reiner was born in 1886 in Czernowitz, Bukovina, then part of Austria-Hungary, and obtained a degree in Civil Engineering at the Technische Hochschule in Vienna (Vienna University of Technology).  After the First World War, he immigrated to Mandatory Palestine, where he worked as a civil engineer under the British mandate.  Reiner married Margalit Obernik and had two children, Ephraim and Hana. He later remarried Dr. Rivka Schoenfeld and had two daughters, Dorit and Shlomit. His granddaughter is Prof. Tal Ilan. After the founding of the state of Israel, he became a professor at the Technion (Israel Institute of Technology) in Haifa.  In his honour the Technion later instituted the Markus Reiner Chair in Mechanics and Rheology.

Research 
Reiner was not only a major figure in rheology, he along with Eugene C. Bingham coined the term and founded a society for its study. As well as the term rheology, and his publications, he is known for the Buckingham-Reiner Equation, the Reiner-Riwlin Equation, and Reiner-Rivlin fluids, the Deborah number and the Teapot effect – an explanation of why tea runs down the outside of the spout of a teapot instead of into the cup.

Awards 
 1958 Israel Prize, in exact science.
 1966 Gold Medal of the British Society of Rheology

See also
List of Israel Prize recipients

References

Primary source
 G. W. Scott-Blair (1976), Rheologica Acta, volume 15 no 7/8, pages 365–266

Further reading
D. Abir (ed) (1975) Contributions to Mechanics: Markus Reiner Eightieth Anniversary Volume: Oxford, Pergamon Press
G. W. Scott Blair & M. Reiner (1957) Agricultural Rheology (Routledge & Kegan Paul, London)
M. Reiner (1960) Deformation, strain and flow: an elementary introduction to rheology: London, H. K. Lewis & Co. Ltd.
M. Reiner (1964) Physics Today volume 17 no 1 page 62 The Deborah Number
M. Reiner (1971) Advanced Rheology: London, H. K. Lewis & Co. Ltd.
M. Reiner (1975) Selected Papers on Rheology: Amsterdam, Elsevier

REINER M (1958) Rheology. Handbuch der Physik, S Flügge (ed.), Vol VI, 434–550, Springer Verlag

1886 births
1976 deaths
Rheologists
Romanian Jews
Romanian emigrants to Mandatory Palestine
Jews from Mandatory Palestine
Israeli civil engineers
Fluid dynamicists
TU Wien alumni
Academic staff of Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
Israel Prize in exact science recipients who were physicists
Members of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities
Weizmann Prize recipients
Clutton-Tabenor FRED. The Clutton-Tabenor FRED is a British homebuilt aircraft design introduced in 1963.

Design and development
The prototype FRED (Flying Runabout Experimental Design) was designed and built by E.C. Clutton and E.W. Sherry between 1957 and 1963. The aircraft, registered G-ASZY, first flew at Meir aerodrome, Stoke-on-Trent on 3 November 1963. It was a single-seat wood and fabric parasol monoplane powered originally by a Triumph 5T motorcycle engine. By 1968 it was flying with a converted Volkswagen engine. The Continental A-65  four-stroke powerplant has also been used. The plans were made available to allow the aircraft to be homebuilt and thirty to forty examples have been built around the world.

Variants
FRED Series 1
Prototype, one built.
FRED Series 2
Homebuilt version sold in the form of plans.
FRED Series 3
Improved homebuilt version with  Continental A65 engine. First flight December 1982.

Specifications (FRED Series 2)

References

External links

Popular Flying Association data sheet

1960s British sport aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Parasol-wing aircraft
FRED
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1963
Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Charles Goodyear (disambiguation). Charles Goodyear (1800–1860) was an American self-taught chemist and manufacturing engineer.

Charles Goodyear may also refer to:

Charles Goodyear (politician) (1804–1876), United States Representative from New York
Charles W. Goodyear (1846–1911), attorney and President of the Great Southern Lumber Company
Chip Goodyear (born 1958), former CEO of BHP Billiton Limited
1977 Israeli Air Force Sikorsky CH-53 crash. On 10 May 1977, an Israeli Air Force Sikorsky CH-53 Yas'ur helicopter crashed during an exercise in the Jordan Valley, killing all 54 on board (including the 10-member flight crew). The disaster became known as Ason HaNun-Daled, or "Disaster of the 54".

It is still the worst single-aircraft accident in Israel. The crash site was in the West Bank, about 5 kilometers north of Jericho in a wadi. The cause was determined to be flying at too low an altitude during the dark, which caused the helicopter to strike a hill, crash and explode (CFIT, Controlled flight into terrain).

See also
1997 Israeli helicopter disaster

References

External links
Memorial site, in Hebrew

Aviation accidents and incidents in Israel
Israel
Israel 1977
Crash
Israeli Air Force
Accidents and incidents involving the Sikorsky CH-53 Sea Stallion
May 1977 in Asia
1977 disasters in Israel
IBM DISOSS. IBM Distributed Office Support System, or DISOSS is a centralized document distribution and filing application for IBM's mainframe computers running the MVS and VSE operating systems.  DISOSS runs under both the CICS transaction processing system and the IMS/DS transaction processing system, and later versions use the SNADS architecture of peer to peer communication for distributed services.

Heterogeneous office systems connect through DISOSS to OfficeVision/MVS series. The IBM systems are OV/MVS, “OV/VM, OV/400, PS/CICS, PS/TSO, PS/PC, PROFS, and other Mail Systems Supporting SNADS and DIA. Only a single copy of DISOSS needs to be installed somewhere in the network to accomplish the connection.” A number of other vendors such as Digital Equipment Corporation, Hewlett-Packard, and Data General provided links to DISOSS.

Functions
DISOSS provides document library function with search and retrieval controlled by security based on user ID, along with document translation based on Document Interchange Architecture (DIA) and Document Content Architecture (DCA).  The different systems that use DISOSS for document exchange and distribution vary in their implementation of DCA and thus the end results of some combinations are only final form (FFT) documents rather than revisable form text (RFT).

It supports document exchange between various IBM and non-IBM office devices including the IBM Displaywriter System, the IBM 5520, the IBM 8100/DOSF, IBM Scanmaster, and Personal computers and word processors.   It offers format transformation and printing services, and provides a rich application programming interface (API) and interfaced with other office products such as IBM OfficeVision.

History
DISOSS was announced in 1980, and "was designated a strategic IBM product in 1982."   It was a key part of IBM Systems Application Architecture (SAA), but suffered from a reputation as "difficult to understand" and "a resource hog."  DISOSS continues to be actively marketed and supported as of 2012.

Version 1 of DISOSS was introduced in June 1980; Colgate-Palmolive was one of the first sites to implement DISOSS version 1, and reported dissatisfaction with the poor quality of the documentation and with software bugs. IBM released version 2 in 1982, in which IBM claimed to resolve the issues which version 1 users had experienced.

DISOSS was implemented by the city government of Long Beach, California during 1983–1984.

See also
 PROFS
 IBM OfficeVision

References

IBM Corporation: Document Interchange with DISOSS Version 3 (1983)

External links
DISOSS/370 V3 CONCEPTS MVS VSE (GC30-3434-00)

DISOSS
DISOSS
DISOSS
Ual (tool). Ual (pronounced as woo-aal), also known as Ural, is a sand clock-shaped grinding tool used by the Bodo people.

Since forests have abounded in Assam for centuries, wood is used to make an ual. From a tree trunk, a circular core is carved out and sand-clock counter is achieved by trimming its outer belly.  The tool for ramming the contents within an ual is also made of wood. It's a long cylindrical tool which is provided with a trough at an appropriate position for holding it. The two ends of the ramming tool is clipped with circular metal rings for its longevity.

The Bodos use the ual basically for grinding grains such as rice. The ground rice can then be used for making different cuisines like onla or pitha. Other things such as a mixture of leaves or dry fish are also ground using an ual.

References

Bodo
Food grinding tools
Maverick Framework. Maverick is a model–view–controller (MVC) framework for the Java platform.

Technology
Maverick allows developing web applications in a very structured, modular and reusable way (thanks to its respect to the MVC pattern).

As is common Maverick uses a single servlet entry point.  It concentrates on MVC logic leaving other technologies for presentation support. It is highly configurable, but can be difficult to manage in large applications.

Maverick.NET 

Maverick.NET is a port that have been made of Maverick to the Microsoft .NET Framework.

References

See also
Struts
Java EE

External links
Official project page

Free software programmed in Java (programming language)
Hand Built by Robots. Hand Built by Robots is the debut studio album by English singer-songwriter Newton Faulkner. Produced by Mike Spencer, it was released on 30 July 2007 on Ugly Truth Records. Preceded by the single "Dream Catch Me", the album initially charted at number 3 in the UK album chart, and subsequently reached number one in its fourth week. Regarding the album's success, Faulkner stated, "I don't think anyone involved in Hand Built by Robots actually thought it would do that at all."

Writing and composition
Regarding the album's composition, Faulkner stated, in 2009, that the album was "actually quite rushed in a lot of ways. 'Dream Catch Me' was actually released before we finished the album, so we had to move really fast to complete Hand Built By Robots. The album wasn't the culmination of ten years worth of writing, but was a few months of panic, and a couple of things I had lying around - a couple of older songs that were still good enough to be used. [...] A lot of Hand Built By Robot'''s songs were written in the last few months leading up to recording, as I became better at writing."

Four tracks on the album were co-written with former Longpigs vocalist Crispin Hunt and two were co-written by Adam Argyle, who is perhaps best known for writing "Next Best Superstar" for Melanie C.

Lyrics
The album's lyrics mainly explore dreams, aspirations and observations on society.

Album cover
The album cover art work includes a number of historical figures standing upon a robotic hand.

Track listing

Chart performanceHand Built by Robots was certified platinum and later double platinum, in the United Kingdom, and was the twentieth best-selling album of 2007, selling 444,000 copies.

The album debuted at number 26 on the Australian ARIA Albums Chart in March 2008. It subsequently ascended fifteen places the following week to number 11, and then to number 8. The album eventually peaked at number 5 the week after. It has since been certified Gold on the ARIA charts.

The album was released in Germany on 18 April 2008, and in the United States (it did not have massive success in the U.S. but did manage to reach number 42 on the Billboard'' Top Heatseekers chart) and Canada on 29 April 2008, with the first single being "Dream Catch Me".

Charts

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

2007 debut albums
Newton Faulkner albums
Albums produced by Mike Spencer
STAP. STAP, or stap, may refer to:

Name
 List of people with the surname Stap

Science and technology
 Space-time adaptive processing, a signal processing technique
 Simple task-actor protocol, UI serialization spec for enabling symmetric sw access for AI and human users
 STAP1, a signal-transducing adaptor protein encoded by the STAP1 gene
 STAP2, a signal-transducing adaptor protein encoded by the STAP2 gene
 Stimulus-triggered acquisition of pluripotency, a proposed method of generating pluripotent stem cells
 SystemTap (stap), a Linux debugging utility

Other uses
 Scientific and Technical Advisory Panel, an arm of the Global Environment Facility and part of the UN Family of organizations 
 Single Trooper Aerial Platform, a fictional  Star Wars vehicle
 São Tomé and Príncipe, country's acronym name is STAP

See also
 Standard conditions for temperature and pressure (STP), a set of environmental parameters
Alkali metal halide. Alkali metal halides, or alkali halides, are the family of inorganic compounds with the chemical formula MX, where M is an alkali metal and X is a halogen. These compounds are the often commercially significant sources of these metals and halides.  The best known of these compounds is sodium chloride, table salt.

Structure
Most alkali metal halides crystallize with the face-centered cubic lattices. In this structure both the metals and halides feature octahedral coordination geometry, in which each ion has a coordination number of six.  Caesium chloride, bromide, and iodide crystallize in a body-centered cubic lattice that accommodates coordination number of eight for the larger metal cation (and the anion also).

Properties
The alkali metal halides exist as colourless crystalline solids, although as finely ground powders appear white.  They melt at high temperature, usually several hundred degrees to colorless liquids.  Their high melting point reflects their high lattice energies.  At still higher temperatures, these liquids evaporate to give gases composed of diatomic molecules.

These compounds dissolve in polar solvents to give ionic solutions that contain highly solvated anions and cations. Alkali halides dissolve large amounts of the corresponding alkali metal: caesium is completely miscible at all temperatures above the melting point.

The table below provides links to each of the individual articles for these compounds. The numbers beside the compounds show the electronegativity difference between the elements based on the Pauling scale. The higher the number is, the more ionic the solid is.

References

Further reading
Tastes of the alkali metal halides (except fluorides)

Alkali metals
Halides

Crystals
Salts
Durango-class patrol vessel. The Durango class is an offshore patrol vessel class in service with the Mexican Navy. The Durango class, comprising four ships, was designed and constructed in Mexico in 1999–2000. The class entered service in 2000 and is used primarily for drug interdiction and patrol.

Description
The Durango-class design is based on the s but with a different superstructure. They have a standard displacement of   and  at full load. The vessels measure  long with a beam of  and a draft of . The patrol vessels are propelled by two shafts powered by two Caterpillar 3616 V16 diesel engines rated at . They have a maximum speed of . For electrical power, the Durango class are equipped with two 260 kilowatt generators and one 190 kW generator.

The patrol vessels are armed with a single Bofors /70 caliber gun Mk 3 mounted forward capable of firing 220 rounds/minute to a range of . The ships mount an Alenia 2 combat data system and Saab EOS 450 optronic director for fire control. They are equipped with air and surface search radar. The Durango class has a complement of 74 including 10 officers with the capability to transport 55 additional personnel. Vessels of the class carry an  interceptor craft capable of over . The vessels also mount a helicopter deck over the stern and a hangar and are capable of operating one medium helicopter.

Ships

Construction and service
The four ships of the class were ordered as a follow on to the s on 1 June 1998. Their design was derived from the Holzinger class and are slightly larger than the Sierra class. Durango and Sonora were based at Guaymas in 2009 and Guanajuato and Veracruz at Coatzacoalcos. The ships are primarily used for drug interdiction and patrol. In 2017 Durango took part in the multi-national naval exercise UNITAS 2017.

Notes

Citations

Sources

 
 
 

Patrol vessels of the Mexican Navy
Patrol ship classes
 
Ships built in Mexico
Building services engineering. Building services engineering (BSE) is a professional engineering discipline that strives to achieve a safe and comfortable indoor environment while minimizing the environmental impact of a building.

Professional bodies
The two most notable professional bodies are:
 The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) was founded in 1894.
 The British Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE) was founded in 1976 and received a Royal Charter in the United Kingdom, formally recognising building services engineering as a profession.

Education
Building services engineers typically possess an academic degree in civil engineering, architectural engineering, building services engineering, mechanical engineering or electrical engineering. The length of study for such a degree is usually 3–4 years for a Bachelor of Engineering (BEng) or Bachelor of Science (BSc) and 4–5 years for a Master of Engineering (MEng).

In the United Kingdom, the Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE) accredits university degrees in Building Services Engineering. In the United States, ABET accredits degrees.

Building services engineering software
Many tasks in building services engineering involve the use of engineering software, for example to design/model or draw solutions. The most common types of tool are whole building energy simulation and CAD (traditionally 2D) or the increasingly popular Building Information Modeling (BIM) which is 3D. 3D BIM software can have integrated tools for Building Services calculations such sizing ventilation ducts or estimating noise levels. Another use of 3D/4D BIM is that empowers more informed decision making and better coordination between different disciplines, such as 'collision testing'.

See also

American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers
Architectural engineering
Building engineer
Building Engineering Services Association

References

External links
ASHRAE American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers
BESA Building Engineering Services Association
BSRIA The Building Services Research and Information Association
CIBSE Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers
ECA ECA - Excellence in Electrotechnical and Engineering Services
Modern Building Services journal
Online Building Services Engineering Lecture Notes
India
School of Planning and Architecture, JNA & FAU, Hyderabad, India

Building engineering
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
Cortez Motor Home. Cortez Motorhome was a Class-A motor coach made in the United States between 1963 and 1979, with 3,211 units built. 

The Clark Forklift Company began making these small motorhomes in 1963 in Battle Creek, Michigan, and are commonly referred to as Clark Cortez motorhomes.  The entire body of a Class-A motor coaches is built as a recreational vehicle, whereas Class-B motorhome are built in a van body, and Class-C motorhomes add a recreational vehicle coach body to a truck chassis and cab.

A four speed manual front wheel drive transaxle was used to eliminate a driveshaft tunnel that would have increased height or diminished interior headroom.

Early units used a Chrysler 225ci industrial slant-6 engine. In 1969 a V-8 engine was introduced, using a Ford 302ci engine but still using the 4-speed manual transaxle. In 1971, the Oldsmobile Toronado front wheel transaxle with a 455ci engine in conjunction with a GM 3-speed automatic was used.

In 1970, Clark Forklift sold the Cortez Motorhome division to Alco-Standard's Kent Industries located in Kent, OH.  The motorhomes produced from 1971 are commonly referred to as Kent Cortez motorhomes. In 1975, the company was acquired by 26 owners of Cortez coaches and production continued through 1978 when the company folded. A final batch of units were completed by a bank in 1979. 

James Krantz purchased the tooling, spare parts, and a few unfinished units around 1980 and moved operations to Lafayette, La.  There under the name Cortez Inc., he sold parts, performed service, and did robust drivetrain conversions to earlier model Clark Cortez units, converting them to the V8 automatic transaxle, similar to that found in 1970+ models.  Operations ceased in Lafayette around 1990, with Krantz scrapping remaining parts and drawings by the late 1990s.

Clark management had envisioned a variety of uses for the Cortez.  They were made as mobile offices, classrooms, and ambulances. NASA used a Cortez to take astronauts from Apollo 7 through STS-6 to the launch pad, which now resides in a museum at the Kennedy Space Center Visitor Center.  

Cortez motorhome owners included Vincent Price, a devoted fan of this early motorhome.  Cortez Motorhomes still enjoy a devoted following. Aficionados prefer its all-steel body despite rust issues, its smooth ride, and its moderate size.

References

Recreational vehicle manufacturers
Front-wheel-drive vehicles
Clark Cortez Story