omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Brooklyn Historic Railway Association. The Brooklyn Historic Railway Association (BHRA) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization with a shop, trolley barn and offices located in Red Hook, Brooklyn, New York, on the historic Beard Street Piers (c. 1870). BHRA had a fleet of 16 trolleys (15 PCC trolleys and a leased 1897 trolley car from the Oslo Trams, in Oslo, Norway).

History of project 
The BHRA's origin began with the rediscovery of the Cobble Hill Tunnel by the late Bob Diamond in 1980. BHRA was formed in 1982 to restore the historic tunnel. The Atlantic Avenue Tunnel (constructed in 1844) is the world's oldest subway tunnel. BHRA successfully filed and received designation for the tunnel on the National Register of Historic Places.

The BHRA received funding and permission from the city to construct a light rail route in Red Hook. However, the project was hampered due to the New York City Department of Transportation (DOT) withdrawing its support from the project. The DOT identified several potential improvements which did not include a streetcar, however, that would improve access and mobility for neighborhood residents. Construction was stopped on a 7-block extension to the line due to the removal and scrapping of rails, ties, and other items of railroad equipment by the DOT, which were stored on land that was slated for the Fairway supermarket project.

On June 30, 2003, BHRA was ordered to remove and fill in all trolley tracks on public streets by the DOT.  The DOT revoked consent for the project to proceed or exist on city streets.  Shortly thereafter, BHRA completely ceased operation. All the PCC trolleys except for No. 3303 were removed from Brooklyn.
 
The BHRA ran organized tours of the Cobble Hill Tunnel from time to time, but all tours are currently suspended.

Bob Diamond died on 21 August 2021, with his death confirmed by articles in the New York Times, New York Daily News and Brooklyn Eagle newspapers.

See also
 Cobble Hill Tunnel
 Brooklyn–Queens Connector

References

External links

Forgotten New York

Streetcar lines in Brooklyn
Bob Frankston. Robert M. Frankston (born June 14, 1949) is an American software engineer and businessman who co-created, with Dan Bricklin, the VisiCalc spreadsheet program. Frankston is also the co-founder of Software Arts.

Early life and education
Frankston was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York. He graduated from Stuyvesant High School in New York City in 1966. He earned a S.B degree in computer science and mathematics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, followed by a Master of Engineering degree in computer science, also from MIT.

Career
Following his work with Dan Bricklin, Frankston later worked at Lotus Development Corporation and Microsoft.

Frankston became an outspoken advocate for reducing the role of telecommunications companies in the evolution of the Internet, particularly with respect to broadband and mobile communications. He coined the term "Regulatorium" to describe what he considers collusion between telecommunication companies and their regulators that prevents change.

Awards and recognition 

Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery (1994) "for the invention of VisiCalc, a new metaphor for data manipulation that galvanized the personal computing industry"
 MIT William L. Stewart Award for co-founding the M.I.T. Student Information Processing Board (SIPB).
 The Association for Computing Machinery Software System Award (1985)
 The MIT LCS Industrial Achievement Award
 The Washington Award (2001) from the Western Society of Engineers (with Bricklin)
 In 2004, he was made a Fellow of the Computer History Museum "for advancing the utility of personal computers by developing the VisiCalc electronic spreadsheet."

References

External links

Bob Frankston's site/blog
Biographical article from Smart Computing

Stuyvesant High School alumni
1949 births
Living people
Businesspeople from Brooklyn
1994 fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
People from Arlington, Massachusetts
BCE (disambiguation). BCE is an abbreviation meaning Before Common Era, an alternative to the use of BC.

BCE, B.C.E. or bce may also refer to:
 Bachelor of Civil Engineering
 Banco Central del Ecuador
 Basic Chess Endings, a book by Reuben Fine
 BCE Inc., formerly Bell Canada Enterprises
 BCE Place, Toronto, Canada, later Brookfield Place
 Bracknell railway station, Berkshire, UK, code
 Bhagalpur College of Engineering
 Entity–control–boundary, an architectural pattern used in software design

See also
Booch method. The Booch method is a method for object-oriented software development.  It is composed of an object modeling language, an iterative object-oriented development process, and a set of recommended practices.

The method was authored by Grady Booch when he was working for Rational Software (acquired by IBM), published in 1992 and revised in 1994.  It was widely used in software engineering for object-oriented analysis and design and benefited from ample documentation and support tools.

The notation aspect of the Booch methodology was superseded by the Unified Modeling Language (UML), which features graphical elements from the Booch method along with elements from the object-modeling technique (OMT) and object-oriented software engineering (OOSE).  Methodological aspects of the Booch method have been incorporated into several methodologies and processes, the primary such methodology being the Rational Unified Process (RUP).

Content of the method

The Booch notation is characterized by cloud shapes to represent classes and distinguishes the following diagrams:

 
The process is organized around a macro and a micro process.

The macro process identifies the following activities cycle: 
 Conceptualization : establish core requirements
 Analysis : develop a model of the desired behavior
 Design : create an architecture 
 Evolution: for the implementation
 Maintenance : for evolution after the delivery

The micro process is applied to new classes, structures or behaviors that emerge during the macro process.  It is made of the following cycle: 
 Identification of classes and objects
 Identification of their semantics 
 Identification of their relationships
 Specification of their interfaces and implementation

References

External links
Class diagrams, Object diagrams, State Event diagrams and Module diagrams.
 The Booch Method of Object-Oriented Analysis & Design

Software design
Object-oriented programming
Programming principles

de:Grady Booch#Booch-Notation
Lists of universities and colleges. This is a list of lists of universities and colleges.

Subject of study
 Aerospace engineering
 Agriculture
 Art schools
 Business
 Chiropractic
 Engineering
 Forestry
 Law
 Maritime studies
 Medicine
 Music
 Nanotechnology
 Osteopathy
 Pharmaceuticals
 Social Work

Institution type

 Community colleges
 For-profit universities and colleges
 Land-grant universities
 Liberal arts universities
 National universities
 Postgraduate-only institutions
 Private universities
 Public universities
 Research universities
 Technical universities
 Sea-grant universities
 Space-grant universities
 State universities and colleges
 Unaccredited universities

Location
 Lists of universities and colleges by country
 List of largest universities

Religious affiliation

 Assemblies of God
 Baptist colleges and universities in the United States
 Catholic universities
 Association of Catholic Colleges and Universities
 Ecclesiastical universities
 Benedictine colleges and universities
 Jesuit institutions
 Opus Dei universities
 Pontifical universities
 International Council of Universities of Saint Thomas Aquinas
 International Federation of Catholic Universities
 Christian churches and churches of Christ
 Churches of Christ
 Church of the Nazarene
 Islamic seminaries
 Lutheran colleges and universities
 International Association of Methodist-related Schools, Colleges, and Universities
 Muslim educational institutions
 Association of Presbyterian Colleges and Universities

Extremities
 Endowment
 Largest universities by enrollment
 Oldest madrasahs in continuous operation
 Oldest universities in continuous operation

Other
 Colleges and universities named after people

History
 Medieval universities
 Ancient universities in Britain and Ireland

See also

 
 
 
 
 Lists of schools
 Distance education
Telecommunications in Chile. The technical regulator of communications in Chile is the Ministry of Transportation and Telecommunications, through the Undersecretariat of Telecommunications (Subtel).

Telephone

History 
Telephone and telegraph services started in Chile in 1879, three years after Alexander Graham Bell, presented his patent for a telephonic system. José Dottin Husbands, an associate of Thomas Edison, arrived into the port of Valparaíso carrying the first set of switching equipment and telephones. By 1880 the first telephone company of the country is born (Compañía Chilena de Teléfonos de Edison), while in 1893, after a rapid expansion in the northern regions of Chile, telephone services started operating in the south,  thanks to the founding of Telefónica del Sur (current day Grupo GTD), a company created by a group of German immigrants that had previously settled in the area of Valdivia, Región de los Ríos.

Main lines in use: 2,567,938 (2020 est.)
Mobile cellular: 25,068,249 (2020 est.)
Pre-paid: 17,283,257
Post-paid: 6,847,497 
System: privatization began in 1988; advanced telecommunications infrastructure; modern system based on extensive microwave radio relay facilities; fixed-line connections have dropped in recent years as mobile-cellular usage continues to increase, reaching a level of 85 telephones per 100 persons
Domestic: extensive microwave radio relay links; domestic satellite system with 3 earth stations
international: country code - 56; submarine cables provide links to the US and to Central and South America; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2007)

Radio
Broadcast stations: 1,490 (175 AM; 1,315 FM) (2006)

Television

Broadcast stations: 63 (plus 121 repeaters) (1997)
Broadcast television system: NTSC
Pay television: 4,158,874 (2012)

Internet

Internet hosts: 847,215 (2008)
Internet users: 16,822,264 (2020 est.)
Internet mobile users: 4,921,587
Internet country code: .cl

Other technical details
Electricity: 220 volts AC, 50 Hz

References

 
 
Chile
Cracking. Cracking may refer to:

 Cracking, the formation of a fracture or partial fracture in a solid material studied as fracture mechanics
 Performing a sternotomy
 Fluid catalytic cracking, a catalytic process widely used in oil refineries for cracking large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller molecules
 Cracking (chemistry), the decomposition of complex organic molecules into smaller ones
 Cracking joints, the practice of manipulating one's bone joints to make a sharp sound
 Cracking codes, see cryptanalysis
 Whip cracking
 Safe cracking
 Crackin, band featuring Lester Abrams
 Packing and cracking, a method of creating voting districts to give a political party an advantage

In computing':
 Another name for security hacking; the practice of defeating computer security.
 Password cracking, the process of discovering the plaintext of an encrypted computer password.
 Software cracking, the defeating of software copy protection.

See also
Crack (disambiguation)
Cracker (disambiguation)
Cracklings (solid material remaining after rendering fat)
Cracker (pejorative)
Crac
CGI. CGI may refer to:

Technology
 Computer-generated imagery, computer-graphic effects in films, television programs, and other visual media
 Computer Graphics Interface, the low-level interface between the Graphical Kernel System and hardware
 Common Gateway Interface, a standard for dynamic generation of web pages by a web server
 CGI.pm, a Perl module for implementing Common Gateway Interface programs
 Compacted graphite iron, a type of cast iron
 Corrugated galvanised iron, a type of molded sheet metal
 Cell Global Identity, a standard identifier for mobile phone cells

Organizations
 California Graduate Institute, an independent graduate school specializing in psychology
 Catholic Guides of Ireland, a Girl Guide association
 Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, a private graduate institute in Thailand
 CGI Aero or RusAir, a Russian airline
CGI Inc., a multinational information technology and business process services company
 Clinton Global Initiative, a forum created by former US President Bill Clinton to discuss global problems
 Coast Guard Intelligence, the intelligence branch of the United States Coast Guard
 Commission for the Management and Application of Geoscience Information
 Compagnie Générale Immobiliere, a Moroccan real-estate development company
 Consultative Group on Indonesia, a former consortium of donors to the Indonesian government
 Cuerpo Guardia de Infantería, an Argentine police riot control service
 General Commissariat of Information, the Comisaría General de Información is an intelligence service within the National Police Corps of Spain.

Other uses
 Clinical global impression, a family of scales to assess treatment response associated with mental disorders
 Cognitively Guided Instruction, an approach to mathematics teaching and learning
 CpG islands, in genetics, genomic regions that contain a high frequency of CG dinucleotides
 Cape Girardeau Regional Airport (IATA airport code: CGI), an airport in Missouri, US

See also
Condensation polymer. In polymer chemistry, condensation polymers are any kind of polymers  whose process of polymerization involves a condensation reaction (i.e. a small molecule, such as water or methanol, is produced as a byproduct).  Natural proteins as well as some common plastics such as nylon and PETE are formed in this way. Condensation polymers are formed by polycondensation, when the polymer is formed by condensation reactions between species of all degrees of polymerization, or by condensative chain polymerization, when the polymer is formed by sequential addition of monomers to an active site in a chain reaction.  The main alternative forms of polymerization are chain polymerization and polyaddition, both of which give addition polymers.

Condensation polymerization is a form of step-growth polymerization.  Linear polymers are produced from bifunctional monomers, i.e. compounds with two reactive end-groups. Common condensation polymers include polyesters, polyamides such as nylon, polyacetals, and proteins.

Polyamides
One important class of condensation polymers are polyamides. They arise from the reaction of carboxylic acid and an amine.  Examples include nylons and proteins. When prepared from amino-carboxylic acids, e.g. amino acids, the stoichiometry of the polymerization includes co-formation of water:
n H2N-X-CO2H  →  [HN-X-C(O)]n  +  (n-1) H2O

When prepared from diamines and dicarboxylic acids, e.g. the production of nylon 66, the polymerization produces two molecules of water per repeat unit:
n H2N-X-NH2 + n HO2C-Y-CO2H  →  [HN-X-NHC(O)-Y-C(O)]n  +  (2n-1) H2O

Polyesters
Another important class of condensation polymers are polyesters.  They arise from the reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. An example is polyethyleneterephthalate, the common plastic PETE (recycling #1 in the USA):
n HO-X-OH + n HO2C-Y-CO2H  →  [O-X-O2C-Y-C(O)]n  +  (2n-1) H2O

Safety and environmental considerations
Condensation polymers tend to be more biodegradable than addition polymers. The peptide or ester bonds between monomers can be hydrolysed, especially in the presence of catalysts or bacterial enzymes.

See also
Biopolymer
Epoxy resins
Polyamide
Polyester

References

External links

Polymers (and condensation polymers) - Virtual Text of Organic Chemistry, William Reusch

Polymer chemistry
Polymerization reactions
Timeline of computing. Timeline of computing presents events in the history of computing organized by year and grouped into six topic areas: predictions and concepts, first use and inventions, hardware systems and processors, operating systems, programming languages, and new application areas.

Detailed computing timelines: before 1950, 1950–1979, 1980–1989, 1990–1999, 2000–2009, 2010–2019, 2020–present



Graphical timeline

See also
 History of compiler construction
 History of computing hardware – up to third generation (1960s)
 History of computing hardware (1960s–present) – third generation and later
 History of the graphical user interface
 History of the Internet
 History of the World Wide Web
 List of pioneers in computer science
 Timeline of electrical and electronic engineering
 Microprocessor chronology

Resources
 Stephen White, A Brief History of Computing
 The Computer History in time and space, Graphing Project, an attempt to build a graphical image of computer history, in particular operating systems.

External links
 Visual History of Computing 1944-2013 (archived)

 

Digital Revolution
Charles Edward Jones. Charles Edward "Chuck" Jones (November 8, 1952 – September 11, 2001) was a United States Air Force officer, an aeronautical engineer, computer programmer, and an astronaut in the USAF Manned Spaceflight Engineer Program. He was killed during the September 11 attacks, aboard American Airlines Flight 11.

Life 
Charles Edward Jones was born November 8, 1952, in Clinton, Indiana. He graduated from Wichita East High School in 1970, earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Astronautical Engineering from the United States Air Force Academy in 1974, and received a Master of Science degree in Astronautics from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1980. He entered the USAF Manned Spaceflight Engineer program in 1982, and was scheduled to fly on mission STS-71-B in December 1986, but the mission was canceled after the Challenger Disaster in January 1986. He left the Manned Spaceflight Engineer program in 1987.

He later worked for Defense Intelligence Agency, Bolling Air Force Base in Washington, D.C., and was Systems Program Director for Intelligence and Information Systems, Hanscom Air Force Base, Massachusetts. Jones later was the manager of space programs for BAE Systems.

Jones was killed at the age of 48 in the attacks of September 11, 2001, aboard American Airlines Flight 11. Jones was flying that day on a routine business trip for BAE Systems, and had been living as a retired U.S. Air Force colonel in Bedford, Massachusetts, at the time of his death. He was survived by his wife Jeanette.

At the National 9/11 Memorial, Jones is memorialized at the North Pool, on Panel N-74.

Military decorations
His awards include:

Senior Missile Badge

See also 

 Casualties of the September 11 attacks

References 

1952 births
2001 deaths
American astronauts
American aerospace engineers
United States Air Force Academy alumni
MIT School of Engineering alumni
United States Air Force colonels
American Airlines Flight 11 victims
People murdered in New York City
Terrorism deaths in New York (state)
People from Bedford, Massachusetts
People from Clinton, Indiana
People from Wichita, Kansas
20th-century American engineers
Military personnel from Massachusetts
BAE Systems people
Recipients of the Defense Superior Service Medal
Recipients of the Meritorious Service Medal (United States)
21st-century American engineers
Conductor. Conductor or conduction may refer to:

Music 
 Conductor (music), a person who leads a musical ensemble
 Conductor (album), by The Comas
 Conduction, musical improvisation method of Butch Morris

Mathematics 
 Conductor (ring theory)
 Conductor of an abelian variety
 Conductor of a Dirichlet character
 Conductor (class field theory)
 Artin conductor, of a Galois group
 Conductor of a Numerical semigroup

Physics 
 Electrical conductor
 Electrical resistivity and conductivity
 Electrical resistance and conductance
 Fast-ion conductor
 Mixed conductor, ionic and electronic
 Electrical conduction system of the heart
 Thermal conduction
 Thermal conductivity

Transport 
 Bus conductor, checking tickets
 Conductor (rail), on a train
 Conductor (underground railroad), freeing slaves

Other uses 
 Mr. Conductor, a character in Shining Time Station and Thomas and the Magic Railroad
 Conductor (architecture), a downspout
 Conductor (company), search engine optimisation company, New York City, US
 Conductor (military appointment), UK warrant officer
 Conductor (software), microservice orchestration
 The Conductor (film), by Pavel Lungin, Russia, 2012
 Part of the palpal bulb of male spiders
 The Orchestra Conductor, a 1980 Polish film by Andrzej Wajda
 Teacher in conductive pedagogy
CDE. CDE may refer to:

Education
 California Department of Education
 Career Development Event, a type of contest sponsored by the National FFA Organization
 Center for Data Engineering, IIIT Hyderabad
 Center for Distance Education at University of Alaska Fairbanks
 Certified diabetes educator
 Colorado Department of Education

Technology and computing
 Cable discharge event, a discharge when connecting electrical cables to a device
 Cardholder Data Environment, part of the Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard for credit card handling
 Chrome Dev Editor, a Dart programming language development environment for Google Chrome
 Collaborative Development Environment, a software development methodology
 Common Data Environment, a digital resource used in building information modeling
 Common Desktop Environment, a graphical desktop environment for Unix and OpenVMS

Other
 Carbon dioxide equivalent, a scale of measurement of the "greenhouse effect" of other atmospheric gases
 Cde., an abbreviation of comrade
 CDE, NYSE stock symbol for Coeur Mining
 Ciudad del Este, a city in Paraguay
 Comissões Democráticas Eleitorais, part of the former Portuguese Democratic Movement
 Comitetul Democrat Evreiesc, or Jewish Democratic Committee
 Commandement de l'Espace, the French military space command
 Concept development and experimentation, a technique for developing new ideas for military capabilities 
 Chengde Puning Airport, IATA code CDE
 Chenchu language, ISO 639-3 code cde
Crank. Crank may refer to:

Mechanisms
 Crank (mechanism), in mechanical engineering, a bent portion of an axle or shaft, or an arm keyed at right angles to the end of a shaft, by which motion is imparted to or received from it
 Crankset, the component of a bicycle drivetrain that converts the reciprocating motion of the rider's legs into rotational motion
 Crankshaft, the part of a piston engine which translates reciprocating linear piston motion into rotation
 Crank machine, a machine used to deliver hard labour in early Victorian prisons in the United Kingdom

Places
 Crank, Merseyside, a village near Rainford, England
 Crank Halt railway station in the village of Crank
 Cranks, Kentucky, United States

Popular culture
 Crank (film), a 2006 film starring Jason Statham
 Crank: High Voltage, the 2009 sequel
 Crank (Hoodoo Gurus album), 1994
 Crank (novel), a 2004 book written by Ellen Hopkins
 "Crank" (song), a 1993 song by the alternative rock band Catherine Wheel
 Crank (The Almighty album), the fourth studio album released by Scottish heavy metal band The Almighty
 Crank! A Record Company, a record label that released albums by indie bands Mineral, The Gloria Record, and Bright Eyes
 Cranks, creatures in The Maze Runner series by James Dashner

Slang
 Crank (person), a pejorative term used for a person who holds an unshakable belief that most of his or her contemporaries consider to be false.
 Prank call or crank call, a false telephone call
 Crank, slang term for powdered substituted amphetamines, especially methamphetamine

Other uses 
 Cranks (restaurant), a chain of English wholefood vegetarian restaurants
 Crank (surname), a surname, notable people with the surname see there
 Crank conjecture, a term coined by Freeman Dyson to explain congruence patterns in integer partitions
 Crank of a partition, of a partition of an integer is a certain integer associated with the partition

See also
 
 
 Cranky (disambiguation)
 Krank (disambiguation)