omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
European Satellite Navigation Industries. European Satellite Navigation Industries, formerly called Galileo Industries until legal action prompted a name change, was a joint venture of the companies Alcatel Alenia Space and Thales (France), Finmeccanica (Italy), EADS Astrium (UK and Germany) and Galileo Sistemas y Servicios (a consortium of seven Spanish companies).

The company was the primary construction company for the Galileo positioning system, tasked with developing and building the satellites and components for the ground segment infrastructure of this satellite navigation system. The partner firms committed to not construct competing products for Galileo. However, some competition came from Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd, which successfully built and launched the first GIOVE-A testbed satellite, and which was then awarded a contract for a followon GIOVE-A2 satellite while the joint venture's GIOVE-B satellite remained on the ground awaiting launch. Since that time, the GIOVE-B satellite successfully launched, although after the Galileo project had been abandoned by European Satellite Navigation Industries and taken up by the European Union.

The company was headquartered at Ottobrunn near Munich, with an office in Rome. The company employed around two hundred people, many working directly for their parent corporations.

Update
This private sector group of eight companies abandoned Galileo in 2007. Subsequently, EU has taken over the construction of Galileo positioning system. On 21 December 2007 ESA terminated the Galileo contract with the European Satellite Navigation Industries.

Further reading 
 
 Galleo Industries told to put house in order, GPS World, 23 January 2007.
 Barbados firm wins legal battle over name of Galileo satellite navigation system, CaribbeanNetNews, 17 January 2005
 Galileo companies given deadline, BBC news, 22 March 2007

References

External links
GIOVE Mission Processing Centre website

Aerospace companies of Europe
Spacecraft manufacturers
Galileo (satellite navigation)
Aerospace engineering organizations
Companies established in 2000
David W. Murhammer. David W. Murhammer is professor and former department chair of chemical and biochemical engineering at the University of Iowa, specializing in biochemical engineering. He is also a member of the Center for Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing there.  Murhammer received his B.S. and M.S. degrees from Oregon State University, and his Ph.D. in chemical engineering at the University of Houston in 1989. Murhammer was a graduate student under Charles F. Goochee. He then joined the college of engineering in 1989 as assistant professor, becoming professor in 2003.

Murhammer also worked briefly in the zirconium refining industry, which sparked his lifelong dedication to chemical process safety.

Research interests and publications
Research interests include baculoviruses, with emphasis on their bioinsecticide production and effects on insect cell cultures.

Murhammer is an editor of Baculovirus and Insect Cell Expression Protocols.  He has also made numerous presentations at government and industrial engineering laboratories and conferences.  He has written a total of 43 journal articles.  Among his major recent peer-reviewed publications are:

Honors and memberships
He is Associate Editor of Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, and a member of the American Chemical Society; American Institute of Chemical Engineers; American Society for Engineering Education; Society for Free Radical Biology and Medicine.

He regularly teaches courses in "Process calculations", "Engineering flow/Heat exchange", "Chemical process safety", and "Introduction to biochemical engineering".

External links
University faculty page
official C. V.

Living people
21st-century American chemists
Oregon State University alumni
University of Houston alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
BS Fabrications. BS Fabrications was an engineering company specialising in fabrications for Formula One teams founded by Bob Sparshott, a former engineer at Lotus who had worked with Jim Clark and Graham Hill, and John 'Ace' Woodington in Luton in 1972.  The company also ran a number of private F1 cars for customers in Grand Prix racing between 1972 and 1978.

In 1972 the company ran American Brett Lunger in a March F2. They first entered F1 in 1972 under the name of Space Racing when they built a hybrid F1/F2 March for Mike Beuttler using a Formula 2 monocoque with a F1 engine.  They returned under the B&S Fabrications name in 1976, with a Surtees for Henri Pescarolo. The team managed a best finish on the season of 9th at the 1976 Austrian Grand Prix. In the 1977 Formula One World Championship season the team briefly ran a March and then a new McLaren M23 for Lunger. The team matched its best finish to date, with a 9th place at the 1977 Dutch Grand Prix.

The team began the 1978 campaign with the pairing of its reliable McLaren M23 and Lunger, who was returning for his second season driving for the team. After just 4 Grands Prix the switch to the new M26, which had been purchased in the off-season and tested by  Lunger  was made. Subsequently Lunger posted the 3 best performances of his Formula One career, a 7th-place finish in the Belgian Grand Prix and an 8th at both the British and Austrian Grands Prix. With Lunger having some success in the McLaren M26, the team placed Brazilian rookie, and future 3-time Formula One World Champion Nelson Piquet in its M23 for its final 3 Grands Prix of the season. Piquet was able to post a best finish of 9th in the Italian Grand Prix.

The team never completed a full season, having run all but 2 Grands Prix in 1978. It also never scored a Formula One Championship point, coming closest with Lunger at the 1978 Belgian Grand Prix where they finished 7th, just one spot out of the points.

In 1980, the factory was involved in the building of the Toleman TG280.

The team also ran in F2 and F3000, under the name BS Automotive, providing Christian Danner with his F3000 championship win in 1985.

Sparshott still operates an engineering company associated with motorsport.

Complete Formula One World Championship results
(key)

References
 Autosport 16 May 1974 pp29–31

External links
 Team stats
 Bob Sparshott's company, SPARTEC Industries Limited

Formula One entrants
British auto racing teams
Auto racing teams established in 1976
Auto racing teams disestablished in 1978
International Formula 3000 teams
British Touring Car Championship teams
Iron filings. Iron filings are very small pieces of iron that look like a powder with a dark-grey appearance.  As the name suggests, iron filings can be obtained from metal working operations as the scrap material filed off larger iron and steel parts. They are very often used in science demonstrations to show the direction of a magnetic field.  Since iron is a ferromagnetic material, a magnetic field induces each particle to become a tiny bar magnet. The south pole of each particle then attracts the north poles of its neighbors, and this process is repeated over a wide area creates chains of filings parallel to the direction of the magnetic field. Iron filings are used in many places, including schools, where they test the reaction of the filings to magnets. They are also used in some toys, most famously Wooly Willy, where they serve to mimic hair on a cartoon face.

See also

 Coherer (Iron filings tube)

References

Iron
Picrate. A picrate is a salt containing the anion (O2N)3C6H2O− or an ester derivative of the picrate anion.  These salts are often produced by reactions of picric acid (2,4,6-trinitrophenol). The picrate ion is intensely yellow, although many of its salts are brown or orange-red.

Explosives
Many picrates are explosives, for example ammonium picrate (known as Dunnite). Some are used as primary explosives, namely lead picrate or potassium picrate which find their use as primers for cartridge ammunition.  Picrates of some metals tend to be significantly more sensitive to impact, friction and shock than picric acid itself. As a result, storage of picric acid (or mixtures containing it) in metal containers is strongly discouraged due to the high risk of accidental explosion.

Other uses
Ferrous picrate is used in some applications as a diesel fuel additive to achieve better mileage.

Sodium picrate is used as an etchant in metallography to differ preeutectoid ferrite in hypoeutectoid steel from preeutectoid cementite in hypereutectoid steel by etching cementite to a dark colour, whereas not attacking ferrite and thus it remains reflective.

Ethers and esters of picric acid are also called picrates.  The ether methyl picrate (CAS# 606-35-9) has the formula (O2N)3C6H2OCH3.

References
York County School of Technology. York County School of Technology (YCST, formerly York County Area Vocational-Technical School) is a public vocational high school in York, Pennsylvania, United States. The school accepts students from 14 sending school districts within York County.

The technical areas, commonly called "shops", are divided into three academies: Arts and Human Services, Engineering and Construction, and Manufacturing and Transportation. The school colors and mascot are identical to those of York College of Pennsylvania.

Programs
York County School of Technology offers the following twenty-five technical programs:

Commercial & Advertising Art
Communications Technology
Computer Networking 
Computer Programming & Interactive Media
Criminal Justice
Culinary Arts
Dental Assisting 
Diesel Technology
Early Childhood Education 
Electrical Occupations
Electronics/IT Support 
Engineering/Advanced Manufacturing 
Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning/Plumbing
K-12 Teacher Development
Landscaping & Agriculture
Licensed Cosmetology
Medical Professions Program
Network Systems & Cyber Security
PowerSports & Engine Technology 
Precision Machining Technology
Sports Technology & Exercise Science
Welding & Metal Fabrication Technology

Demographics 
York County School of Technology receives students from all of the fourteen school districts in York County. This includes students from private schools and cyber schools.

Renovation 
In 2006 York County School of Technology underwent construction and acquired two additional wings, which are now the "Manufacturing and Transportation" and the "Engineering and Construction" academies. The "Arts and Human Services" academy was remodeled during the school year of 2007.

In 2019 construction began on a new indoor track and athletic facilities. It was to be completed in early 2020 but due to COVID-19 it was delayed and it was finished in 2021. The new addition was named the "Fieldhouse".

References 

Public high schools in Pennsylvania
Schools in York County, Pennsylvania
Buildings and structures in York, Pennsylvania
4-tert-Butylcatechol. 4-tert-Butylcatechol (TBC) is an organic chemical compound which is a derivative of catechol.  TBC is available in the form of a solid crystal flake and 85% solution in methanol or water.

Uses 
It is added as a stabilizer and polymerisation inhibitor to butadiene, styrene, vinyl acetate, divinylbenzene and other reactive monomer streams. 

TBC is also used as a stabilizer in the manufacture of polyurethane foam. It also can be used as an antioxidant for synthetic rubber, polymers and oil derivatives.  It can be used as purification agent for aminoformate catalysts. 

It is 25 times better than hydroquinone at 60 °C for polymerization inhibitory effect.

See also
  tert-Butylhydroquinone

References

Sources
 US Patent 4061545:Polymerization inhibitor for vinyl aromatic compounds
 US Patent 3046472: Substituted Catechol Antioxidants

Catechols
Antioxidants
Alkylphenols
Tert-butyl compounds
George W. Woodruff. George Waldo Woodruff (August 27, 1895 – February 4, 1987 in Atlanta, Georgia) was an American engineer, businessman, and philanthropist in Atlanta, Georgia. He attended the Georgia Institute of Technology in 1917 and gave generously to both his alma mater and Emory University, including (in coordination with his brother Robert W. Woodruff) what was at the time the single largest donation ever to a school, $105 million to Emory University in 1979.

Early life
Woodruff went to high school at Tech High School (now Midtown High School) and attended Georgia Tech's School of Mechanical Engineering and later the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, but left school in 1917 due to World War I.  At Georgia Tech, he was a brother of the Kappa Alpha Order.

Career
From 1936 to 1985 (49 years), Woodruff was the director of the Coca-Cola Company, although he was never an officer of the company. He also headed the Continental Gin Company from 1930 to 1985, which was a cotton-processing business. George was the last living child of Ernest Woodruff, the magnate that led the Trust Company (now known as SunTrust) and who orchestrated the takeover of the Coca-Cola Company. In 1984, Forbes magazine estimated that Woodruff was worth $200 million (equivalent to $ as of ).

Legacy
Woodruff is the namesake of several notable educational programs in Georgia. The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering at Georgia Tech is the university's oldest and second-largest school; it was named for Woodruff in 1985 on the school's centennial. Also at Georgia Tech, the Woodruff Residence Hall is a dorm on west campus. Woodruff left the Georgia Tech Foundation $37.5 million in his will, one of the largest private gifts the school has received.

Woodruff's will provided that his daughter, Frances Woodruff received no money, although it provides for the establishment of a $200,000 trust to be used on her behalf should she become destitute.

Under the terms of his will, according to a lawsuit, his two other daughters, Jane and Irene, were each to receive about $30 million.

Woodruff is remembered at Mercer University as well. He bequeathed the university's law school a $15 million endowment; the Woodruff Curriculum at Mercer's Walter F. George School of Law is named in his honor. At Emory, the George W. Woodruff Physical Education Center and the George and Irene Woodruff Residential Center bear his name. Finally, there are numerous scholarships at Georgia Tech, Mercer, Emory and the University of Georgia named in his memory.

Further reading

References

1895 births
1987 deaths
Georgia Tech alumni
American drink industry businesspeople
Coca-Cola people
Businesspeople from Atlanta
American chief executives of food industry companies
20th-century American philanthropists
20th-century American businesspeople
Engineering an Empire. Engineering an Empire is a television documentary miniseries that originally aired on the History Channel. The series explores the engineering and/or architectural feats that were characteristic of notable societies and cultures.

It is hosted by Peter Weller, who is most famous for playing the titular role in RoboCop (1987). When the series was made he had recently earned a master's degree in Roman and Renaissance art at Syracuse University.
The show started as a documentary about the engineering feats of Ancient Rome and later evolved into a series. It originally ran for one full season of weekly episodes.

A video game, History: Egypt – Engineering an Empire, was released in 2010.

Reception
Engineering an Empire received critical acclaim. The premiere "Rome" won two Emmys after being nominated in four categories.

Tracy Spurrier of the Archaeological Institute of America gave the episode "Egypt" a positive review and praised the show's live action and CGI reenactments of building the ancient monuments. However, she was disappointed about the absence of the Great Pyramids of Giza.

Episodes

References 

The History Channel - Episode Guide
TV Guide - Episode Air Dates

External links 
 
The History Channel- Engineering an Empire

Documentary television series about technology
History (American TV channel) original programming
History of engineering
Works about ancient Rome
Works about ancient Egypt
Works about ancient Greece
Works about the Russian Empire
Works about the British Empire
Works about Napoleon
Works about the Renaissance
2005 American television series debuts
2000s American documentary television series
2000s American television miniseries
2007 American television series endings
Wallarah 2 Coal Project. The Wallarah 2 Coal Project (or W2CP) is a proposal by the Korea Resources Corporation or KORES (owned by the South Korean government and other Korean and Japanese mining companies that comprise the Wyong Areas Coal Joint Venture) to construct a longwall mine near Wyong, New South Wales, Australia. The underground mine is now being considered by the NSW Department of Planning. It was previously rejected by the Keneally Government shortly before the 2011 State election.

Proposal
The exploration areas within which the mining proposal is situated were awarded to the Wyong Areas Coal Joint Venture by the NSW State Government in 1995 following a competitive tender. Extensive exploration drilling, geological surveys, environmental investigations, stakeholder consultations and other works costing approximately $80 million were undertaken by the proponents. The proposed mine would have an annual coal production of 4 to 5 million tonnes of export quality thermal coal per year, over 28 years.

The associated coal loader, coal stockpile and rail link would be at least 3 kilometres away from one of the largest urban growth areas on the Central Coast, including the proposed Warnervale town centre.

Opposition and rejection of previous proposal

The proposal was delayed by numerous studies, including an independent review headed by former NSW Liberal leader Kerry Chikarovski, and widespread opposition on the Central Coast with opponents suggesting the project could impact voting at subsequent elections.

The Australian Coal Alliance was formed to oppose the project and has maintained an active public relations campaign against the proposal. It blamed the NSW Labor Party and its supporters to failing to stop the mine.

Former state Labor MP for Wyong David Harris said he was opposed to the mine, adding he was "concerned about the noise and dust impacts on the community and for the future of the Wyong Employment Zone at Warnervale". However, members of the Australian Coal Alliance criticised him for accepting a position as Parliamentary Secretary claiming the position suggested loyalty to the NSW Government, rather than to their campaign.

Before the 2011 State election, the NSW Opposition promised to stop the mine proposal. On the final day of the Keneally Government (the day before the issue of the writs), Minister Tony Kelly announced that the Government had made a decision that the proposal would not go ahead. David Harris attempted to "claim victory" for the proposal rejection but was defeated at the state election.

See also

 Coal in Australia

References

External links
Wallarah 2 Coal Project website

Coal mines in New South Wales
Coal companies of Australia
Wyong, New South Wales
Commercial Joint Mapping Toolkit. The Commercial Joint Mapping Toolkit, or CJMTK is the DoD standard mapping toolkit for DoD C2I Programs of Record. It is a replacement for the previous United States Department of Defense (DoD) Joint Mapping Toolkit (JMTK) that utilizes commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components. The primary component of CJMTK is Esri's complete ArcGIS platform. 

The National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) is the U.S. Government program manager for CJMTK. Program Management and Technical Support is contracted under the Sustained Analytic Services (SAS) Contract to Leidos. NGA licenses ArcGIS from Esri to provide the CJMTK across DoD C2I Programs. DoD C2I Programs of Record can obtain, develop on, and deploy CJMTK as part of their mission systems free of charge.

CJMTK is a collection of software developer components and end user applications used by developers to add geospatial capabilities to military mission applications. CJMTK is made up of components from Esri's Enterprise GIS Platform, ArcGIS, including ArcGIS Engine, ArcGIS Runtime, and ArcGIS Enterprise. CJMTK supports development for a range of platforms, including desktop, client/server, web-based, and mobile. The CJMTK also provides for development using a range of programming languages. 

The primary users of CJMTK are U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) Command, Control, & Intelligence (C2I) Programs of Record. C2I programs apply for CJMTK establish they meet the criteria as a C2I Program of Record. Approval to use CJMTK under the Toolkit option provides free, unlimited license use and life cycle support. 

CJMTK does provide a Foreign Military Sales (FMS) provision in order to support FMS of C2I Programs to foreign countries.

References

External links
 
 

Military technology
GIS software
Nakajima E4N. The Nakajima E4N was a Japanese shipboard reconnaissance aircraft of the 1930s. It was a two-seat, single-engine, equal-span biplane seaplane used primarily by the Imperial Japanese Navy.

Development
The first prototype of the Type 90-2 Reconnaissance Seaplane, or E4N1, flew in 1930. This was fitted with twin floats and had no cowling for the engine. This prototype was rejected.

The type was completely redesigned as the Type 90-2-2 or E4N2, with a single main-float and twin, wing-mounted outriggers and introduced a cowled engine. This entered production for the Navy in 1931.

A landplane version of the Type 90-2-2 was developed as the E4N2-C with a tailwheel undercarriage

Operational history
The E4N2 was employed as a shipboard reconnaissance seaplane launched by catapult.

In 1933, nine E4N2-C airframes were converted to P1 mail planes. Single-seat landplanes with an enclosed cockpit, these were employed on night-mail services between the Japanese Home Islands.

Variants
E4N1
(Navy Type 90-2-1 Reconnaissance Seaplane) twin-float seaplane, Nakajima NZ - two prototypes only.
 E4N2
(Navy Type 90-2-2 Reconnaissance Seaplane) - Nakajima NJ single-float seaplane. 85 built.
 E4N2-C
(Navy Type 90-2-3 Carrier Reconnaissance Aircraft) - Nakajima NJ landplane fitted with arresting gear and fixed-undercarriage. 67 built.
E4N3
(Navy Type 90-2-3 Reconnaissance Seaplane) Nakajima NJ.
Nakajima P-1

Single-seat mailplane.  9 converted from E4N2-C airframes.
Nakajima Giyu-11
One of the two E4N1 seaplanes converted with a cabin for use by Tokyo Koku Yuso Kaisha between Haneda airport, Shimizu and Shimoda.

Specifications (Type 90-2-2)

See also

References

Francillon, Réne J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1970 (2nd edition 1979). 
Mikesh, Robert C. and Abe, Shorzoe. Japanese Aircraft 1910-1941. London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, 1990.

External links

E04N, Nakajima
E04N
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1930
Arts et Métiers. Arts et Métiers may refer to:

 Arts et Métiers ParisTech or ENSAM, a French elite Engineering institute
 Arts et Métiers (Paris Métro), a station of the Paris Métro
 Musée des Arts et Métiers, a museum of science and technology in Paris
 Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (CNAM), or National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts
 Descriptions des Arts et Métiers, a French book
 École Catholique des Arts et Métiers of Lyon, a French engineering school