omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Wim Sweldens. Wim Sweldens is a Belgian American business leader, scientist, and inventor notable for innovations in communications and signal processing technology. Sweldens is the inventor of the wavelet lifting scheme, an algorithm used both in the JPEG 2000 image compression standard, as well as for compressing 3D images into billions of tiny triangular modules. At telecommunications firm Alcatel-Lucent in New Jersey, he led development of new cell tower technology called lightRadio which reduces the size of transmission equipment dramatically. The equipment uses only basic electrical power and can be placed indoors and linked to optical fiber cables; it enables mobile networks to operate with much less electricity, halving CO2 emissions and reducing the carbon footprint, and permitting cell phone service to reach more people over expanded geographic areas.

In 2013 Sweldens co-founded Kiswe Mobile with Jeong Kim and Jimmy Lynn. The Kiswe interactive streaming (also called reverse streaming) technology has powered some of the biggest music and sports events in the world, notably with the K-pop band BTS with over one million live viewers.

Kiswe's multi view technology allows end users to live choose their favorite camera angle of an event. Users can also remote participate in an event through chat, cheering, and uploading selfie videos. Sweldens was one of the key people behind Kiswe's virtual Tour of Flanders during the 2020 Covid-19 lockdown.

Sweldens holds 28 US patents and has received prestigious awards, including the MIT TR35 in 1999 and the Leslie Fox Prize for Numerical Analysis. He is an Honorary Professor at the University of Leuven.

References

External links
 Wim Sweldens at lightRadio press conference (see 3:00+ minutes)
 Research website

Living people
Belgian computer scientists
American telecommunications industry businesspeople
Fellows of the IEEE
Year of birth missing (living people)
American computer scientists
MOESK. MOESK (Moscow United Electric Grid Company; former name: Moscow Region Power Grid Company) is an electric power transmission and distribution company operating in the Moscow metropolitan area, Russia. It also provides connection services and installation, repair, and technical maintenance services for electrical equipment.

The company was established as a result of the reorganization of Mosenergo on 1 April 2005.  Its original name was  the Moscow Region Power Grid Company. The company changed its name to Moscow United Electric Grid Company in June 2006. Its energy facilities include approximately 607 high-voltage feeding centers of 35/110/220 kV,  of 35-220 kV power lines,  of high-voltage cable lines; and  of distribution electric grids. The company is based in Moscow, the Russian Federation.It is a subsidiary of Holding IDGC.

The company attendance territory equals  with the population of around 17 million people.

References 

Companies listed on the Moscow Exchange
Electric power transmission system operators in Russia
Companies based in Moscow
Peacock Clock. The Peacock Clock is a large automaton featuring three life-sized mechanical birds. It was manufactured by the entrepreneur James Cox in the 2nd half of the 18th century, and through the influence of Grigory Potemkin, it was acquired by Catherine the Great in 1781. Today, it is a prominent exhibit in the collections of the Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg. The clock is also shown daily on the Russian TV channel Russia-K.

References
Yuna Zek, Antonina Balina, Mikhail Guryev, Yuri Semionov: The Peacock Clock – photos, history and description of the Peacock Clock at hermitagemuseum.org (website of the Hermitage Museum, archived version)

Peacock Clock
18th-century robots
Collection of the Hermitage Museum
Automata (mechanical)
Icaro Relax. The Icaro Relax is an Italian high-wing, single-place, hang glider, designed and produced by Icaro 2000.

Design and development
The Relax was introduced in 2003 as a beginner and flight training wing and also for recreational pilots looking for a wing that was easy rig and non-demanding to fly. The original Relax model was replaced in production by the improved RX2, or RelaX2. The RX2 comes in three sizes, "S", "M" and "L", with an "XL" version under development.

The aircraft is made from 7075 aluminum tubing, with the single-surface wing covered in Dacron sailcloth. The RX2 has an optional vertical tail fin that improves stability and prevents Dutch roll when the glider is being towed.

Variants
Relax 16
Original model introduced in 2003 and replaced in production by the RX2 M. It is a medium sized model for mid-weight pilots. Its  span wing is cable braced from a single kingpost. The wing area is  and the aspect ratio is 6.1:1. Pilot hook-in weight range is . Certified as DHV Class 1-2.
RX2 S
A small-sized model for lightweight pilots. Its  span wing is cable braced from a single kingpost. The nose angle is 120°, wing area is  and the aspect ratio is 5.8:1. Pilot hook-in weight range is . Certified as DHV Class 1.
RX2 M
A medium sized model for mid-weight pilots that replaced the Relax 16 in production. Its  span wing is cable braced from a single kingpost. The nose angle is 120°, wing area is  and the aspect ratio is 6.1:1. Pilot hook-in weight range is . Certified as DHV Class 1.
RX2 L
A large-sized model for heavier pilots. Its  span wing is cable braced from a single kingpost. The nose angle is 120°, wing area is  and the aspect ratio is 5.7:1. Pilot hook-in weight range is . Certified as DHV Class 1.

Applications
Icaro Pit-Trike
Sunair Magic

Specifications (RX2 M)

References

External links

Relax
Hang gliders
Sesam (structural analysis software). Sesam is a software suite for structural and hydrodynamic analysis of ships and offshore structures. It is based on the displacement formulation of the Finite Element Method.

The first version of Sesam was developed at NTH, now Norges Teknisk-Naturvitenskapelige Universitet (NTNU Trondheim), in the mid-1960s. Sesam was bought by Det Norske Veritas, now DNV, in 1968 and commercialized under the name SESAM-69 in 1970. Sesam was thus one of the first major structural analysis tools based on the Finite Element Method available and when it came to capability of analysing large and complex structures it outclassed all. In the beginning it was used for analysis of ships, in particular oil tankers (for which a comparison of analysis results with measurements on the real ship was made to confirm the accuracy of the method and tool ) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) carriers.

With the development of offshore oil fields in the North Sea in the 1970s the use of Sesam for fixed offshore platforms grew. Examples of such use are the Ekofisk concrete tank of the Ekofisk oil field, the Condeep concrete gravity base structures and the Kvitebjørn jacket in the North Sea.

In the late 1970s development of a completely new version of Sesam started. This version was released in the mid-1980s under the name SESAM'80 and is the basis for today's Sesam. During the 1990s Sesam was further enhanced with a high-level concept modelling technique together with a design-oriented and unified user interface. Analysis features for mooring systems and flexible risers were also added. The software name was at the same time simplified to merely "Sesam".

The development of the recent years with frequent new releases is focused on improving Sesam as a tool for all phases of offshore and maritime structures from design, through transportation, installation, operation and modification to life extension, requalification and finally decommissioning.

Sesam consists of several modules of which the most important are:

GeniE for modelling, analysis and code checking of beam, plate and shell structures like offshore platforms and ships.

HydroD for hydrodynamic and hydrostatic analysis of fixed and floating structures like offshore platforms and ships.

Sima for simulation of marine operations like lifting and lowering large objects in a marine environment.

DeepC for mooring and riser design as well marine operations of offshore floating structures.

Sesam is developed in Norway by DNV with focus on solution of structural and hydrodynamic engineering problems within the offshore and maritime industries. It has been used by the offshore and maritime industries world-wide for more than 50 years.

References

External links
 
 Celebrating Sesam's first 40 years - A brief view on the history of Sesam from 1969 to 2009.

Structural engineering
Structural analysis
Computer-aided engineering software
Finite element software
Associazione di Ingegneria OffShore e Marina. The Associazione di Ingegneria Offshore e Marina (AIOM) is an Italian non-profit association that seeks to further the knowledge and study of marine engineering. The association was founded in Milan in 1982 to create a forum for scientists and engineers involved in maritime professional activities. AIOM organizes congresses, conferences, seminars and other events to promote the continuing education and advancement of industry professionals. The organization has cooperated with several national and international bodies during its activities (e.g.ASME, IALCCE) and celebrated its 30th anniversary in 2012.

Organization
AIOM's main body is the assembly of members that operate through a Directorate and a President. AIOM has several Operative Centers, located in Italian universities.

Operative Units
AIOM has the following Operational Centers (Sedi Operative AIOM): 
Sede Operativa AIOM di Bologna
Sede Operativa AIOM della Campania
Sede Operativa AIOM di Genova
Sede Operativa AIOM di Palermo
Sede Operativa AIOM di Reggio Calabria
Sede Operativa AIOM del Salento
Sede Operativa AIOM di Ancona

Bulletins
AIOM publishes bulletins reporting technical articles of scientists and technicians involved with maritime and off-shore engineering.

Giornate AIOM and Studi di Aggiornamento sull'Ingegneria Off-Shore e Marina
AIOM organizes regular congresses and events. "Giornate AIOM" were useful meetings for experts and technicians involved in these fields. AIOM organizes regularly follow-up studies on maritime and off-shore engineering. The last editions were:
Studi di aggiornamento AIOM 2011 - Università di Lecce
Studi di aggiornamento AIOM 2012 - Università di Reggio Calabria
Studi di aggiornamento AIOM 2013 - Università di Bologna
Studi di aggiornamento AIOM 2014 - Università di Palermo

Plaque to careers
In 2012 AIOM began recognizing regularly "AIOM Plaques" to award distinguished personalities in fields of interest.

Award for university degree thesis
In 2014, AIOM initiated an annual award to recognize the excellency of a university degree thesis in the marine and offshore engineering field.

References

External links
 AIOM (Official Website)

Marine engineering organizations
Offshore engineering
Coastal engineering
Professional associations based in Italy
John T. Milner. Colonel John T. Milner (1826 – August 18, 1898) was an engineer and a businessman.  He accumulated wealth in lumber and coal mine interests in Bolling, Alabama.  He started the Milner Coal and Railroad Mines.

He was a native of Pike County, Georgia.  He spent his early youth in the Dahlonega, Georgia gold fields.  He received a classical training at Athens, Georgia.  In 1848 he went to California to follow the San Francisco gold rush and eventually became the City Surveyor of San Jose, California.  He moved to Alabama in 1852 and built a number of railroads.  He laid out some of the first railroad lines that ran across Alabama.  The primary one was the "North and South" which traversed from Birmingham to Montgomery.  As a railroad engineer, he was the principal player in choosing site of the City of Birmingham, based on his assessment of the strategic resources and transportation advantages of Jones Valley in Alabama.  It is due to his rail line that Birmingham was brought into existence.

In many respects, he was the father of Southern industrialization, particularly in the deep, deep South.  Milner's vision triggered decades of rapid industrial growth.

He represented Jefferson County in the Alabama Senate for eight years.  He was the most conspicuous figure in the creation of Birmingham and one of the most distinguished citizens of Alabama.  He died in New Castle, Alabama of paralysis and was interred at Oak Hills Cemetery in Birmingham, Alabama.

"Slavery by Another Name"

According to a 2011 PBS documentary: "(Milner) was also a supreme racist and a despotic person."  He stated, for example, "Negro labor can be made exceedingly profitable in manufacturing iron and in rolling mills, provided there is an overseer: a Southern man who knows how to manage Negroes." After emancipation, Milner was instrumental in the movement of industrialists to replace slavery with "convict" Black laborers.  His influence was also a primary cause of peonage. He found that it was impossible to drive "free" labor the same way that they could force prisoners to mine and build railroad infrastructure. This is why people like Milner wanted prisoners in his coal mines. He saw them as a great source of profit and did not have to worry about labor disputes.

References

1826 births
1898 deaths
American railway entrepreneurs
19th-century American businesspeople
Landscape fabric. Landscape fabric (a.k.a., weed barrier) is a textile material used to control weeds by inhibiting their exposure to sunlight. The fabric is normally placed around desirable plants, covering areas where other growth is unwanted. The fabric itself can be made from synthetic or organic materials, sometimes from recycled sources.

When placed under a thin layer of soil or mulch, landscape fabric is unfortunately ineffective at blocking weeds because they can grow above or through the fabric. Once weeds grow through the fabric, they become extremely difficult to remove entirely. This fabric prevents nutrients from entering the soil from the surface.

Landscape fabric prevents rocks above it from sinking into the soil below which provides a stable surface for pathways or decorative features. Landscape fabric maintains moisture necessary for plant growth in the soil below.

See also 
 Horticultural fleece

References 

Gardening aids
Horticulture
Bradford Colliery Brickworks. Bradford Colliery Brickworks operated on the site of the Bradford Colliery in Bradford, Manchester, then in the historic county of Lancashire, England, between the early 1870s and 1903. To exploit the seams of fire clay found between the coal seams, colliery manager Edward Williams built a large kiln to a design patented in 1870 by Friedrich Hoffmann, which permitted the continuous production of bricks. One of the largest brick-making facilities in the area, the kiln was more than  long and  wide, and probably contained 12–14 separate firing chambers.

The kiln fell into disuse after the colliery's fireclay workings were abandoned in 1903, and it was eventually demolished in the late 1940s. An archaeological excavation carried out in the early 21st century could find virtually no trace of it.

References

Citations

Bibliography

Brickworks in the United Kingdom
Demolished buildings and structures in Manchester
Long Spruce Generating Station. Long Spruce Generating Station is a run-of-the-river hydroelectric dam on the Nelson River approximately  northeast of Winnipeg in the Canadian province of Manitoba. 

It was Manitoba Hydro's fourth generating station to be built on the Nelson River, which flows from Lake Winnipeg to Hudson Bay. The station was built on Long Spruce Rapids. The site is approximately  east of Gillam, Manitoba and is  downstream of Manitoba Hydro's Kettle Generating Station.

The dam is owned and operated by Manitoba Hydro. Its ten turbine-generator units give it a generating capacity of  and annual generation around 5.8 terawatt-hours.  Each unit produces around  with an operating head of  and flow of  cubic metres per second. The first concrete for the structures was placed in 1974, with first power delivered in 1977. The station was completed in 1979 at a cost of $CDN 508 million.

See also

 Kettle Generating Station – upstream, completed in 1973
 Limestone Generating Station  – downstream, completed in 1990 
 List of largest power stations in Canada
 Nelson River Hydroelectric Project

References

Energy infrastructure completed in 1977
Energy infrastructure completed in 1978
Hydroelectric power stations in Manitoba
Run-of-the-river power stations
Marshall B. Lloyd. Marshall Burns Lloyd (March 10, 1858 – August 10, 1927) was an American inventor and manufacturer, best known for inventing the Lloyd Loom which was used for making a popular style of furniture and baby carriages.
He also was noted for filing patents for the production of steel tubing which he sold for $800,000, a substantial amount at the time.
Lloyd sold his loom patents for 3 million dollars in the 1920s.
Lloyd held about 200 patents.

References 

1858 births
1927 deaths
19th-century American inventors
20th-century American inventors
American inventors
Jarrow and District Electric Tramway. The Jarrow and District Electric Tramway operated an electric tramway service in Jarrow between 1906 and 1929.

History

The Jarrow and District Electric Traction Company was a subsidiary of British Electric Traction. It operated tramway services in Jarrow and the line through Tyne Dock connected with the tracks of the South Shields Corporation Tramways and through services were offered to South Shields. A reciprocal agreement allowed South Shields Corporation Tramways cars to operate over Jarrow company tracks. The Jarrow company received 3s 6d per mile from the South Shields Corporation Tramways to cover working expenses including electrical power and track maintenance.

Closure

The company replaced its tram services with buses in 1929.

References

External links
 Jarrow and District Electric Tramway at the British Tramway Company Badges and Buttons website.

Tram transport in England
Jarrow
South Shields Corporation Tramways. South Shields Corporation Tramways operated an electric tramway service in South Shields between 1906 and 1946.

History

South Shields Corporation Tramways took over the horse-drawn tramway network owned by the South Shields Tramways Company in 1906 and after a programme of modernisation and electrification, opened for service on 30 March 1906

The corporation obtained agreement with the neighbouring Jarrow and District Electric Tramway for through running, and accepted Jarrow tramcars on its own network. This arrangement lasted until the Jarrow Tramway closed in 1929.

Fleet

1-10 Hurst Nelson 1906
11-20 United Electric Car Company 1906
21-35 United Electric Car Company 1907
36-40 Brush Electrical Engineering Company 1913
41-45 English Electric 1921
29 Brush Electrical Engineering Company 1906 for the Jarrow and District Electric Tramway No 5 obtained second hand in 1929
48 Brush Electrical Engineering Company 1906 for the Jarrow and District Electric Tramway No 6 obtained second hand in 1929
46 G.F. Milnes & Co. 1902 for the Tyneside Tramways and Tramroads Company No 4 obtained second hand in 1930
47 G.F. Milnes & Co. 1902 for the Tyneside Tramways and Tramroads Company No 3 obtained second hand in 1930
23 Wigan Corporation Tramways obtained second hand in 1931
33 Wigan Corporation Tramways obtained second hand in 1931
50 Wigan Corporation Tramways obtained second hand in 1931
51 Wigan Corporation Tramways obtained second hand in 1931
16 English Electric 1920 for the Dumbarton Burgh and County Tramways No 31 then Ayr Corporation Tramways No 29 obtained second hand in 1931
34 English Electric 1920 for the Dumbarton Burgh and County Tramways No 32 then Ayr Corporation Tramways No 30 obtained second hand in 1931
18 Yorkshire (West Riding) Tramways obtained second hand in 1932
20 Yorkshire (West Riding) Tramways obtained second hand in 1932
52 Brush Electrical Engineering Company 1936

Closure

The service was closed on 31 March 1946 as the corporation moved to trolley bus operation.

References

Tram transport in England
Transport in South Shields
Kuwait Metropolitan Rapid Transit System Project. The Kuwait Metropolitan Rapid Transit System Project was a plan to build a rapid transit network in Kuwait. The project, which had been in the planning stages since the 2000's, was officially cancelled in 2023 due to a lack of funds.

History
The project was supposed to have been implemented through a public-private partnership (PPP) under the management of the Kuwait Authority for Partnership Projects (KAPP), where the government would have owned 10% of the project and raised 50% of the funds through an initial public offer. The remaining 40% would have been held by the private developer.

In 2023, the Supreme Committee of the KAPP decided to cancel the Kuwait Metro project. This decision, ratified by the Authority's Board of Directors and endorsed by Amiri Diwan, was prompted by the project's substantial administrative and financial burdens on public funds, amounting to , as highlighted by the Audit Bureau.

Routes
Four lines were planned to be built in five phases, with a total of  with 68 stations.

 Line 1: 23.7 km, 19 stations, with a 57.3 km extension
 Line 2: 21 km, 27 stations, with a 16.4 km extension
 Line 3: 24 km, 15 stations
 Line 4: 22.7 km, 17 stations

See also
Transport in Kuwait
Gulf Railway

References

External links
 Kuwait Metropolitan Rapid Transit System  (government website)

Proposed rapid transit
Richard Stribeck. Richard Stribeck (7. July 1861 in Stuttgart, † 29. March 1950) was a German engineer, after whom the Stribeck Curve is named.

Life
Stribeck studied mechanical engineering in 1880 at the Technical University of Stuttgart in 1885 and worked as a designer in Königsberg. In 1888 he became professor in Stuttgart, and 1890 Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Technical University of Darmstadt. 1893 he took a professorship at the Dresden Technical University. In 1896 he became head of the laboratory equipment of the university.

In 1898 was head of the Stribeck Physical metallurgy department of the Technical Institute and director of the private military-industrial laboratory  (Center for Scientific-Technical Research) in Neubabelsberg. In 1902 he described the friction coefficient in lubricated bearings, now known as the Stribeck curve.

From 1908 Stribeck worked for the Friedrich Krupp AG in Essen in 1919 at the Robert Bosch GmbH in Stuttgart. Stribeck was a college friend of the industrialist Robert Bosch, with whom he remained for a joint study at the Royal Wuerttemberg in Stuttgart Polytechnic lifelong allegiance.
Stribeck was honored for his services to the Wilhelm Exner Medal proposed.

Work
Richard Stribeck carried out studies in the field of tribology, focusing on friction in lubricated sliding contacts, such as journal bearings. His work lead to the development of the Stribeck Curve, a fundamental tribological concept that shows how operation conditions (in particular normal load, lubricant viscosity and lubricant entrainment velocity) influence the friction coefficient in fluid-lubricated contacts. For these contributions, he was named as one of 23 "Men of Tribology" by Duncan Dowson.

Popular culture
On Tim Allen's sitcom Last Man Standing, on ABC, Allen's wife attempts to prove there are no ghosts at work by explaining how frictional contact mechanics caused a cold glass to slide spontaneously across a counter, finishing with the statement that "it's your basic Stribeck curve".

References

German mechanical engineers
Engineers from Stuttgart
1861 births
1950 deaths
Tribologists