omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Aldert van der Ziel. Aldert van der Ziel (12 December 1910, Zandeweer – 20 January 1991, Minneapolis), was a Dutch physicist who studied electronic noise processes in materials such as semiconductors and metals.

Biography
Aldert van der Ziel was a pioneering researcher into the phenomenon of flicker noise in physical electronics. He published 15 books and more than 500 scientific papers. He was also a writer on Christianity, particularly the relationship between science and religion. Van der Ziel belonged to a conservative Lutheran church.

Van der Ziel obtained a Ph.D. in 1934 from the University of Groningen. He worked at Philips in Eindhoven until 1947. In 1947 he went to Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and moved to the University of Minnesota in 1950 to become professor of electrical engineering. He was also associated, later, with the University of Florida at Gainesville. Aldert van der Ziel was elected in 1978 as a member of National Academy of Engineering in Electronics, Communication & Information Systems Engineering for contributions to the study of noise in electron devices and contributions to graduate education.

The IEEE has an award named after Aldert van der Ziel, which is given during the biennial International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium (ISDRS) sponsored by the IEEE Electron Devices Society, for "a distinguished career in education and research". Past recipients are Lester Eastmann, Herbert Kroemer (Nobel Prize in Physics winner), Michael Shur, Marvin H. White, James D. Plummer, Ben Streetman, Mark Lundstrom and Tsu-Jae King Liu.

Awards
 1956: IEEE Fellow
 1975: Honorary doctorate, University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse
 1978: National Academy of Engineering 
 1980: IEEE Education Medal
 1981: Honorary doctorate, University of Eindhoven

Bibliography

Books
 Noise (Prentice-Hall electrical engineering series), Aldert Van der Ziel, Publ. Prentice-Hall (1954)
 Solid State Physical Electronics 2nd Ed, Aldert Van der Ziel, Publ. Prentice-Hall (1968)
 Noise in Measurements, Aldert Van Der Ziel, Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc (1976) 
 Nonlinear Electronic Circuits, Aldert Van Der Ziel, Publ. John Wiley & Sons Inc (1977) 
 Noise in Solid State Devices and Circuits, Aldert Van Der Ziel, Publ. Wiley-Interscience (1986) 
 The Natural Sciences and the Christian Message, Aldert Van der Ziel, Greenwood Publishing Group, Incorporated (1976) 
 Genesis and Scientific Inquiry, Aldert Van der Ziel, T. S. Denison & Company, Incorporated (1965) Library of Congress 65-19103

Selected papers
 
 : One of the described topics quantum 1/f noise is now controversial.

References

Further reading

External links
 A creationist viewpoint on van der Ziel's beliefs

1910 births
1991 deaths
20th-century Dutch physicists
Fellows of the IEEE
Evangelical Lutheran Church Christians from the Netherlands
Lutheran writers
People from Eemsmond
University of Groningen alumni
Van Der Ziel, Aldert
20th-century Lutherans
Taems. Taems or TAEMS or TÆMS may refer to:
 Atreyee D. A. V. Public School, a school in India
 Task analysis environment modeling simulation (computer science), a multi-agent task modeling language
 Terminal Area Energy Management, a guidance system used in the final phase of a Space Shuttle landing (referred to as the TAEMs).

See also
 Pha Taem
 Taema
 Taemado
Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence Research. The Dalle Molle Institute for Artificial Intelligence (, IDSIA) is a research institution based in Lugano, in  Canton Ticino in southern Switzerland. It was founded in 1988 by Angelo Dalle Molle through the private Fondation Dalle Molle. In 2000 it became a public research institute, affiliated with the Università della Svizzera italiana and SUPSI in Ticino, Switzerland. In 1997 it was listed among the top ten artificial intelligence laboratories, and among the top four in the field of biologically-inspired AI.

In 2007 a robotics lab with focus on intelligent and learning robots, especially in the fields of swarm and humanoid robotics, was established.

Between 2009 and 2012, artificial neural networks developed at the institute won eight international competitions in pattern recognition and machine learning.

IDSIA is one of four Swiss research organisations founded by the Dalle Molle foundation, of which three are in the field of artificial intelligence.

See also 
 Science and technology in Switzerland

References 

Artificial intelligence laboratories
Laboratories in Switzerland
Research institutes in Switzerland
University of Lugano
Schools in the canton of Ticino
Educational institutions established in 1988
Research institutes established in 1988
1988 establishments in Switzerland
How to Solve it by Computer. How to Solve it by Computer is a computer science book by R. G. Dromey, first published by Prentice-Hall in 1982.
It is occasionally used as a textbook, especially in India.

It is an introduction to the whys of algorithms and data structures.
Features of the book:
The design factors associated with problems 
The creative process behind coming up with innovative solutions for algorithms and data structures
The line of reasoning behind the constraints, factors and the design choices made.

The very fundamental algorithms portrayed by this book are mostly presented in pseudocode and/or Pascal notation.

See also
How to Solve It, by George Pólya, the author's mentor and inspiration for writing the book.

References

1982 non-fiction books
Algorithms
Computer science books
Heuristics
Problem solving
Prentice Hall books
Vought FU. The Vought FU was a biplane fighter aircraft of the United States Navy in service during the late 1920s.

Design and development

Pleased with the company's VE-7, in 1926 the Navy gave Vought a $459,709 contract for 20 convertible land/sea fighters. Vought already had a two-seat observation plane, the UO-1, basically a VE-7 with additional fuselage streamlining and a Wright J-3 radial engine. This was made into a fighter simply by covering over the front cockpit of the observation plane, mounting machine guns in that area, and upgrading to a  Wright R-790 Whirlwind with a supercharger. With the help of the supercharger, the newly designated FU-1 was able to reach a speed of  at .

The FU-1s were delivered to VF-2B based in San Diego, California. With their float gear mounted, one was assigned to each of the battleships of the Pacific Fleet, where these observation seaplanes were launched from catapults. They spent eight months in this role, but as the squadron went to aircraft carrier operations, the further-aft cockpit proved to have a visibility problem when maneuvering around a carrier deck. In response, the forward cockpit was re-opened, the resulting aircraft being designated FU-2.

By this time they were obsolescent, and the two-seaters served primarily as trainers and utility aircraft.

Operators

 Peruvian Air Force - Two aircraft.
 Peruvian Navy - Two aircraft.

 United States Navy

Specifications (FU-1)

References

Notes

Bibliography
 Jones, Lloyd S. U.S. Naval Fighters. Fallbrook CA: Aero Publishers, 1977, , pp. 53–54.
 Swanborough, Gordon and Bowers, Peter. United States Navy Aircraft since 1911. London:Putnam, Second edition, 1976. .

F01U
Vought F01U
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
Floatplanes
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
1-Decanol. 1-Decanol is a straight chain fatty alcohol with ten carbon atoms and the molecular formula C10H21OH. It is a colorless to light yellow viscous liquid that is insoluble in water and has an aromatic odor. The interfacial tension against water at 20 °C is 8.97 mN/m.

Production
Decanol can be prepared by the hydrogenation of decanoic acid, which occurs in modest quantities in coconut oil (about 10%) and palm kernel oil (about 4%). It may also be produced synthetically via the Ziegler process.

Uses
Decanol is used in the manufacture of plasticizers, lubricants, surfactants and solvents. Its ability to permeate the skin has led to it being investigated as a penetration enhancer for transdermal drug delivery.

Safety
Like other medium chain fatty alcohols, 1-decanol is able to permeate the skin which can lead to irritation.

References

Fatty alcohols
Primary alcohols
Alkanols
Decyl compounds
TRAC (disambiguation). Trac is a software tool for project management.

Trac or TRAC may also refer to:
 TRAC (programming language)
 Telsiz ve Radyo Amatörleri Cemiyeti, an amateur radio organization in Turkey
 Former Team Racing Auto Circuit
 United States Army Training and Doctrine Command Analysis Center
 Transactional Records Access Clearinghouse, at Syracuse University
 Trustworthy Repositories Audit & Certification
 Three Rivers Athletic Conference, Ohio, US
 trac: Music Traditions Wales, for folk music
 Annual Theoretical Roman Archaeology Conference
 Cirrus TRAC Trainer version of the Cirrus SR20 aircraft
Queue. 

Queue (; ) may refer to:

 Queue area, or queue, a line or area where people wait for goods or services

Arts, entertainment, and media
ACM Queue, a computer magazine
 The Queue (Sorokin novel), a 1983 novel by Russian author Vladimir Sorokin
 The Queue (Abdel Aziz novel), a 2013 novel by Egyptian author Basma Abdel Aziz

Mathematics and technology
Queue (abstract data type), a type of data structure in computer science
Circular queue
Double-ended queue, also known as a deque
Priority queue
FIFO (computing and electronics)
Load (computing) or queue, system load of a computer's operating system
Message queue
Queueing theory, the study of wait lines

Specific queues
 Queue for the lying-in-state of Elizabeth II, contemporarily referred to as "The Queue"

Other uses
 Queue (hairstyle), a Manchurian pigtail

See also
Cue (disambiguation)
FIFO (disambiguation)
First-come, first-served
Q (disambiguation)
Q, the letter
Que (disambiguation)

ja:待ち行列
pl:Kolejka
sv:Kö
Acheron class. Acheron class may refer to:

 Amphion, A, or Acheron-class diesel-electric submarines of the British Royal Navy, ordered in 1943, for service in the Pacific Ocean theater of World War II. 
 s of the Royal Navy, a class of twenty destroyers, all built under the 1910–11 Programme and completed between 1911 and 1912, which served during World War I.
 s, a class of two torpedo boats built in Sydney for the New South Wales naval service in 1879.
Thomas H. Cormen. Thomas H. Cormen is an American politician and retired academic. He is the co-author of Introduction to Algorithms, along with Charles Leiserson, Ron Rivest, and Cliff Stein. In 2013, he published a new book titled Algorithms Unlocked. He is an emeritus professor of computer science at Dartmouth College and former chairman of the Dartmouth College Department of Computer Science. Between 2004 and 2008 he directed the Dartmouth College Writing Program. His research interests are algorithm engineering, parallel computing, and speeding up computations with high latency. In 2022, he was elected as a Democratic member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives.

Early life and education

Thomas H. Cormen was born in New York City in 1956. He grew up in Oceanside, New York.

He received his bachelor's degree summa cum laude in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from Princeton University in June 1978.

He then went to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he earned his master's degree in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science in May 1986 with a thesis on "Concentrator Switches for Routing Messages in Parallel Computers" and his PhD with a thesis on "Virtual Memory for Data-Parallel Computing" in February 1993.

From July 2004 through June 2008, he was the director of the Dartmouth Institute for Writing and Rhetoric.

Honors and awards

During his career he received several honors and awards:
 Elected to Phi Beta Kappa, Tau Beta Pi, Eta Kappa Nu.
 National Science Foundation Fellowship.
 Best Presentation Award, 1986 International Conference on Parallel Processing, St. Charles, Illinois.
 Distinguished Presentation Award, 1987 International Conference on Parallel Processing, St. Charles, Illinois.
 Professional and Scholarly Publishing Award in Computer Science and Data Processing, Association of American Publishers, 1990.
 Dartmouth College Class of 1962 Faculty Fellowship, 1995–1996.
 Jacobus Family Fellow, Dartmouth College, 1998–1999.
 McLane Family Fellow, Dartmouth College, 2004–2005.

Bibliography

Notes

External links
Home page of Thomas H. Cormen
Introduction to Algorithms by Thomas H. Cormen

Living people
American computer scientists
Dartmouth College faculty
American computer science educators
1956 births
MIT School of Engineering alumni
People from Oceanside, New York
Scientists from New York (state)
Princeton University School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
American textbook writers
Democratic Party members of the New Hampshire House of Representatives
21st-century members of the New Hampshire General Court
Nacrite. Nacrite Al2Si2O5(OH)4 is a clay mineral that is polymorphous (or polytypic) with kaolinite.  It crystallizes in the monoclinic system. X-ray diffraction analysis is required for positive identification.

Nacrite was first described in 1807 for an occurrence in Saxony, Germany. The name is from nacre in reference to the dull luster of the surface of nacrite masses scattering light with slight iridescences resembling those of the mother of pearls secreted by oysters.

References

Clay minerals group
Polymorphism (materials science)
Monoclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 9
Robot Arena 2: Design and Destroy. Robot Arena 2: Design and Destroy is a robot combat action video game developed by Gabriel Entertainment and published by Infogrames. It is the sequel to Robot Arena, in the Robot Arena videogame series. Compared to its predecessor, it has many new features, such as the Havok physics engine and fully 3-D environments.

The player has the ability to completely design their own robot, including chassis design, weapon placement, mechanics and paint. Weapons are nearly completely customizable, including weapons that mount on various attachments, such as poles, disks, and tribars.

Although not well received from a marketing standpoint, this game has a dedicated fanbase and a community that, , is still active today.

Gameplay
Robot Arena 2: Design and Destroy is an Action game. The player controls a radio-controlled robot which battles it out with other robots in order to win. Ways to win a battle include destroying the opponent's control board, immobilizing the opponent (such as flipping them over), having the most points at the end or in some cases eliminating them by pushing them into pits. 

Different types of arenas are available to play, either being a standard map, a tabletop map, or a "king of the hill" map.

Different game types are available in single player, where either the player can play against 1 opponent, 3 others in a Battle Royale, or a 2v2 team-based match.

The main game mode is League mode where the player competes against fifteen other teams in nine events. The winner is the team with the most points at the end of the season.

Multiplayer is also available, where up to four players can pit their designs against their opponents. Online play was also supported which was facilitated by GameSpy.

There is also an exhibition mode, where you can place any of your bots against any computer bot in the game in a match, with settings controlling time limit, match type & arena, and if the hazards are active.

Reception
The game received very positive reviews from critics and fans alike, and is widely considered the best robot combat video game ever released, better even than the officially licensed Robot Wars games. The graphics were decent for its time, while the physics were much more realistic than the ones seen in the Robot Wars games. As of 2019, the game retains a cult following online, most notably on GameTechMods, which hosts frequent tournaments.

GameSpy gave it 77 out of 100 writing "A pleasant surprise. Whether you're going head-to-head against formidable AI bots or human opponents, it has plenty to offer both newcomers and bot-bashing aficionados alike".

Sequel
A sequel, Robot Arena III, was released on 26 May 2016 on Steam.

References 

2003 video games
Gabriel Entertainment games
Game Boy Advance games
Infogrames games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Robot combat video games
Video games developed in the United States
Video games using Havok
Windows games
Lotus Mark I. The Lotus Mark I was the first car designed and built by Colin Chapman in 1948, while Chapman was still a student at the University of London.  The car was designed to compete as a trials car, and was constructed on an Austin 7 chassis and running gear and given registration number OX 9292.  Chapman built the body utilizing a composite made of thin aluminium bonded to plywood.  He modified the rear suspension to give better handling and the engine to give more power.  His approach to automobile construction using sound engineering principles and ingenious chassis design set the stage for many more revolutionary designs to follow.  Although the original Mark I has been lost to history after being bought by a mysterious buyer in 1950, a replica (see photo) was created to the same dimensions that uses an identical Austin chassis and running gear. Chapman and his future wife competed with the car in English Trials, a form of competition over rough terrain against time.  Chapman continued to develop and modify the Mark I. First larger wheels and tyres were fitted and the front beam axle was split and hinged in the centre to provide independent front suspension. The success of the car helped encourage Chapman to continue designing competition cars.

Further reading 
 Tipler, John,  Lotus and Caterham Seven: Racers for the Road  The Crowood Press, 1995.  pp. 13–14.
 Coulter, Jeremy, The Lotus & Caterham Seven: A Collector's Guide   Motor Racing Publications, 1986.  p 9.
 Wliiam Taylor, The Lotus Book: The Complete History of Lotus Cars   Coterie Press, Limited, 1998, pp. 12–13.

External links 
 Motorbase  Accessed 17 February 2006.

References

First car made by manufacturer
Mark 01
Silver cyanide. Silver cyanide is the chemical compound with the formula AgCN. It is a white salt that is precipitated upon treatment of solutions containing Ag+ with cyanide, which is used in some schemes to recover silver from solution. Silver cyanide is used in silver-plating.

Structure
The structure of silver cyanide consists of -[Ag-CN]- chains in which the linear two-coordinate Ag+ ions are bridged by the cyanide ions, typical of silver(I) and other d10 ions. This is the same binding mode as seen in the more famous case of Prussian blue. These chains then pack hexagonally with adjacent chains offset by +/- 1/3 of the c lattice parameter. This is the same as the structure adopted by the high temperature polymorph of copper(I) cyanide. The silver to carbon and silver to nitrogen bond lengths in AgCN are both ~2.06 Å and the cyanide groups show head-to-tail disorder.

Reactions
AgCN precipitates upon the addition of sodium cyanide to a solution containing Ag+.  On the addition of further cyanide, the precipitate dissolves to form linear [Ag(CN)2]−(aq) and [Ag(CN)3]2−(aq). Silver cyanide is also soluble in solutions containing other ligands such as ammonia or tertiary phosphines.

Silver cyanides form structurally complex materials upon reaction with other anions.  Some silver cyanides are luminescent.

Uses
"Cyanidation" is widely used in the isolation of silver from its ores.  Partial purification of silver compounds is usually effected by froth flotation.  The silver ion is then separated from the skimmed froth with cyanide, yielding a solution of [Ag(CN)2]−.  The silver metal can then be plated out by electrolysis of such solutions.

Both AgCN and KAg(CN)2 have been used in silver-plating solutions since at least 1840 when the Elkington brothers patented their recipe for a silver-plating solution. A typical, traditional silver-plating solution would contain 15-40 g·L−1 KAg(CN)2 , 12-120 g·L−1 KCN and 15 g·L−1 K2CO3.

See also
 List of compounds with carbon number 1

References

Cyanides
Silver compounds
Netfrastructure. Netfrastructure is both a web application development and database tool for Java and the name of the company which produces it. It was founded by Jim Starkey, a database architect. In 2006, MySQL AB acquired Netfrastructure.

Netfrastructure database was the basis for the Falcon storage engine of the MySQL database.

References

External links
Netfrastructure web site [dead]
Netfrastructure web site [archive]

Programming tools
Information technology companies of the United States
SBX. SBX may refer to:

 Sea-based X-band Radar, a type of a floating, self-propelled, mobile radar station
 Snowboard cross, a snowboard competition
 sbX, a bus rapid transit service in San Bernardino County, California, U.S.
 South Bay Expressway, a toll road in San Diego County, California, U.S.
 SBX, the airport code for Shelby Airport near Shelby, Montana, U.S.
 .sbx, a file format that stores an optional spatial index of the features of a shapefile
 Student book exchange, a book swapping or textbook exchange service provided by various colleges and universities for their students
 SBX, Sandbox - for an IT environment
Selve. Selve Automobilwerke AG was a car maker located in Hameln (near Hannover, Germany).

After World War I, the Northern German Automobile Works (), which made the Colibri car and the Sperber, was absorbed by the Selve firm, which was already producing Basse & Selve engines for the automotive industry. The first cars produced were the 24 horsepower 1.5 litre engine displacement and the 32 horsepower 2 litre model. The 40 hp 2090 cc model (which was later carried over to the 40 hp and 2352 cc) was also available in a  sport version. Six-cylinder models of 2850 cc in engine displacement were produced in 1925 and the Selecta 3075 cc engine produced in 1927 completed the product line.

Adolf Hitler was a fan of the automobile mark in the 1920s having a Green Selve 6/20 in which he was chauffeured around by his adjutant Julius Schaub.

These automobiles were produced until 1929, when car manufacturing was suspended due to the economic crisis of 1929.

A front-wheel drive six-cylinder model designed by  was shown at the 1928 Berlin Automobile Exposition, but was never put into production.

References

Citations

Bibliography

Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of Germany
Cars of Germany
Companies of Prussia
Alick Glennie. Alick Edwards Glennie (1925–2003) was a British computer scientist, most famous for having developed Autocode, which influential computer scientist Donald Knuth regarded as the first ever computer compiler.

Glennie worked with Alan Turing on several projects, including the Manchester Mark 1.

Glennie subsequently worked at Atomic Weapons Research Establishment (AWRE) where he was responsible in the early 1960s in developing FORTRAN compilers for several large computers inc. IBM 709, IBM 7090, IBM 7030 ("Stretch") and also ICT Atlas.  He pioneered a method of developing the compiler for the Atlas on the IBM 7030 in advance of delivery of the Atlas, using an interpretive technique.

References

External links
A move by move version of Turing and Glennie's chess game

British computer scientists
1925 births
2003 deaths