. The work is devoted to the search fo r new vacuum-plasma c oatings with high hardn ess to increase t he dur ability of the compressor bla des of the GTE of aircraft engines Ti-Al-N-based vacuum-plasma coati ngs obtained by Avinit technologies, which ensure the application of hard, h igh-quality c oatings with dramatically reduced micro -arc damage, were selected as candida tes. Avinit multilayer coatings have higher func tional characteristic s than TiN (microhardness, crack resistance, temp erature resist ance, erosion and corrosion resistance) and may be promising for applying erosion-resistant c oatings for compresso r bla des. Avinit te ch- nologies are technologically closest to th e vacuum-plasma technologies used in i ndustrial production for applying TiN protectiv e coatings. New multi-layered 2D nanocomposite wear-resistant ion-plasma hard coatings Av init (TiN-AlN) n have been developed. The created soft ware products m ade it possible to reach a qualitatively new level i n terms of further modification a nd improvem ent of the designs of Avinit functional co atings, stability of technol ogies an d improvement of th eir quality control when applying suc h coatings for use in th e production of compressor blades of ga s turbin e engines of aircraft engines. Special attentio n is paid to methods of pr eliminary ion-plasma trea tmen t of surfaces before coating. Metallographic studies of the chemical and p hase composition and structure of Avinit (TiN- AlN) n coatings hav e been carried out. The thickness of th e coatings is 7–9 μm, the microha rdness is 34–35 GPa (comp ared to the serially used TiN coating: 27.4 GP a). The use of three-stage ion-plasma treatmen t in Avinit techno logies using a doub le vacuum-arc discharge follo wed by the applica tion of strengthening coatings in a single technological cycle eliminates the formation of cracks and ensu res th e production of tightly bonded, high-quality coatings of a given composition with the ma ximally reduced sh are of the droplet component. The developed coatings (TiN-AlN) n were applied to experimental batches of worki ng compressor blades of GTE aircraft en gines for bench tests. Кeywords: titanium alloys; tita nium boride; microstru cture; mechanical properties; welded joint; electron-beam welding; heat treatment. 1. Introduction Gas turbine units (GTU) are widely used in both aviation and ground engineering. Problems of ensuring reliability and durability, ser- vice life of gas turbines are the most complicated among numerous problems, arising on the way of development of modern aviation gas turbine engines. The most important element of the gas turbine is the rotor blades, the degree of wear of workin g surfaces of which to a great extent depends on the service life, effi- ciency and other characteristics of engines as a whole. The greatest number of damages of titanium com- pressor blades of aircraft engines GTU is caused by the complex influence of erosion, corrosion and corrosion-fa- tigue damages, connected with the impact influence of gas flow, containing foreign inclusions of dust particles, which significantly reduce the operating life [1]. To solve the problems of reliability and service life of gas turbines new heat-resist ant alloys with directed co- lumnar and monocrystalline structures, modernization of alloys with equiaxial stru ctures are widely used. If application of new, more heat-resistant alloys sol- ves the problem of increased of resistance to deformations and destruction of blades under influence of high tempera- tures and stresses, no less reliable and durable heat-resis- A. Sagalovych a_v_sagalovich@mail.com 1 JSC “FED ”, Kharkiv , Ukraine 2 OJSC “Motor Sich”, Zaporizhzhya , Ukraine 8 Mech. Adv. Technol. Vol. 7, No. 1, 2023 tant protective coatings are required for reliable protection against erosion and corrosio n destruction of surfaces. 2. Review of protective coatings for gas turbine compressor blades One of the promising ways to protect titanium com- pressor blades operating under the influence of a high- speed, high-temperature gas flow is the application of reli- able coatings with increased corrosion and erosion re- sistance to form protective la yers on the working surface of the blades with resistance to the aggressive effects of the environment, which are several times higher than the re- sistance of the base material [1]. Several basic methods of applying wear-resistant protective coatings of compressor blades are used: gal- vanic, paint, enamel, condensation, vacuum-diffusion, etc. Galvanic nickel-cadmium coatings are used on com- pressor blades to protect against corrosion, but they have very low erosion resistance and operating temperature (up to 300°C). Multi-layer paint coatings based on epoxy enamel also protect blades from corro sion. However, blades with enamel coatings are even more prone to erosion damage. The strengthening technologies of vacuum-plasma physical (PVD) and chemical (CVD) application of wear- resistant coatings have become the most widespread. A large number of studies were conducted, the pur- pose of which was to develop a technological process of applying vacuum-plasma corrosion- and erosion-resistant coatings for compressor blades of aircraft engines. Extensive studies [2] have been conducted on the ap- plication of vacuum-plasma corrosion- and erosion-re- sistant single-phase (TiN, ZrN, CrN, etc.) and multi-layer (Ti-TiN) coatings and their effect on fatigue and strength, resistance to cyclic loads, working endurance compressor blades of aircraft en gines during operation . Conducted research [3] on the development of ero- sion-resistant protective vacuum-plasma coatings for the purpose of comprehensive protection of titanium compressor blades in all-c limate conditions at tempera- tures of 450–600°C. In works [1, 4] research was carried out on the de- velopment of the technological process of applying an ero- sion-resistant titanium nitride coating to the compressor blades of serial gas turbine engines and the creation of an ion-plasma technological inst allation for the implementa- tion of the technology on an industrial scale. Of the currently known coa tings, preference is given to vacuum-plasma coatings made of titanium nitride, which combine fairly high protective properties with rela- tive ease of production and fairly low cost. The developed technological process of applying an erosion-resistant coating consis ts of two stages: ion clean- ing of the surface and actual coating application. The initial period of ion cleaning is accompanied by the intense occurrence of micro-arcs, the duration of which is deter- mined by the cleanliness of the surfaces of the parts. The thickness of the coating was approximately 7...8 microns on both sides of the blade. The maximum coating thickness did not exceed 10 μm. With small coat- ing thicknesses of the order of 3...5 microns, it is not suffi- ciently uniform in thickness, with noticeable thickenings in the droplet phase penetration z ones. When the thickness of the coating increases, this value becomes more uniform over the entire surface of the blade. The value of microhardn ess of blade samples ac- cording to the developed technology is within 24...25 GPa. Such coatings with a thickness of 2–3 microns allow the engine to work out 2–3 inter-repair resources (1500–2100 hours). However, when operating in harsher conditions (es- pecially in a marine climate, where the air is a suspension of seawater and dust particles), the erosion and corrosion resistance are insufficient, and there is significant wear of the blades with significant erosion damage, which is not allowed by the technical conditions. Thus, the search for coating materials (preferably vacuum-plasma) with increased erosion and corrosion re- sistance, able to work at higher operating temperatures, is an urgent need to increase the durability of the compressor blades of the GTE of aircraft engines. One of the effective counte rmeasures to prevent ero- sion under the action of solid particles is to increase surface hardness. Increasing requirements for erosion resistance requires increasing the mi crohardness of coatings. As shown by the accumulated experience [5–8], as well as extensive experimental material [9, 10], optimal so- lutions for the drastic improvement of tribotechnical char- acteristics should be sought in the creation of composite coatings, which are multilayer coatings based on metal-like carbides, nitrides, transition me tals (Mo, Nb, Ti, Zr, etc.), as well as oxide and oxygen-free compounds of boron, alu- minum, silicon (BN, B 4C, AlN, Al 2O3, SiC, Si 3N4, etc.). As you know, the properties of protective coatings depend significantly on the composition, structure and method of coating formation, which, in turn, are deter- mined by the technological parameters of their production. A large complex of studies of various methods and technologies of surface prot ection has been conducted. As research has shown, ion-plasma vacuum technologies based on the formation of multilayer thin nanostructured coatings have the greatest prospects. The formation of nanocomposite coatings with 2D structures (fig. 1) leads to a significant improvement of functional characteristics, such as wear resistance, eros ion and corrosion resistance, microhardness, etc. Various constructions of multi-layer wear-resistant surface coatings using alterna ting layers of metal and ni- trides, oxides or metal carbide s, as well as methods of ob- taining them for the protectio n of compressor blades are described in the patent literature [11, 12]. Mech. Adv. Technol. Vol. 7, No. 1, 2023 9 Fig. 1. Scheme of multilayer vacum ion-plasma coatings The mechanisms of erosive wear are based on the occurrence and development of micro- and macro-cracks of fatigue failure. When micro-designing multilayer coatings, it is ad- visable to create soft layers before applying hard coatings. The soft layer increases the a dhesion of the coating to the substrate, ensures the presence of a large positive gradient of mechanical properties in the coating, which is a good prerequisite for normal operation under conditions of fric- tion and shock loads. Fig. 2. Model of crack propa gation in multilayer coatings Thin low-plastic layers perceive the deformation during bombardment with dust particles and damp it on the plastic metal sublayer (fig. 2). When the damping limit is exceeded, fatigue cracks appear, which are localized in the upper low-plastic layers of the coating (fig. 2), which in- hibits the development of destruction in the depth of sub- sequent layers, ensuring, in comparison with single-layer coatings, a significant increase in durability. The presence of a multilayer structure with different layer properties (density, plasticity, etc.) in a certain com- bination prevents the propaga tion of cracks in multilayer coatings and increases their erosion resistance. Chromium, molybdenum, α-Ti are usually used as soft layers. The possibility of increasing the service life of prod- ucts with erosion-resistant protective coatings of titanium nitride due to the use of multilayer compositions consisting of alternating layers of hard wear-resistant material (ni- tride, carbide, etc.) and thin layers of plastic metal, for ex- ample, cobalt, since it is not forms nitride or carbide com- pounds and leads to relaxation of internal stresses in TiN coatings to a better extent [29]. Coatings, which are a composite material consisting of high-strength nitride and carbide layers and plastic metal layers, have high hardness and heat resistance, sufficient crack resistance, good adhesion to the metal substrate, which allows to increase the wear resistance of the working surface. Even higher than in 2D nanocomposites, microhard- ness values can be obtained in superhard nanocomposites (TiN – (Si 3N4). 3D nanocomposite wear-resistant coatings (in many cases, with nanolayer or nano composite structures) with ultra-high hardness and temperature resistance have been developed. A significant contribution to the development of the concept of creating superhard coatings based on 3D nano- composites was made [9–10]. The prospect of developing protective nanocompo- site coatings is confirmed by many studies [13, 14]. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries reports the successful use of Cr-N multilayer ceramic coatings obtained by PVD methods for these purposes [13]. The effectiveness of erosi on-resistant nanocoatings for the protection of compressor blades is reported in [14]. Various types of coatings have been developed (wear-re- sistant – 2–5 μm thick, erosion-resistant 10–15 μm thick) – single-phase (TiN, ZrN, CrN, etc.), multilayer (Ti-TiN), nanocomposite multilayer (Ti/TiN & Ti/TiSiCN), (TiSiCN & ZrSiCN). A large arsenal of modern ion-plasma methods [(Plasma Spray (thick) Plasma Enhanced Magnetron Sput- ter (PEMS), HVOF thick), PVD (EB-PVD) (thin), CVD (thin) is used to obtain superhard (> 40 GPa) coatings, CAPVD (nano), PEMS / PMD (nano)]. Works in this direction are developing rapidly [19]. For many years, we have been conducting extensive research on the development and industrial implementation of vacuum-plasma methods of applying functional coat- ings using low-temperature no n-equilibrium plasma [5–8]. Developed Avinit vacuum-plasma technologies, success- fully implemented in productio n, and provide a significant increase in operational characteristics in aggregate and en- gine engineering [5], transport engineering [8], energy en- gineering [7]. We conducted research on the development of vac- uum-plasma processes for applying 2D nanocomposite coatings Avinit C on a nitride basis and Avinit D on a car- bide basis [8]. According to studies, Avinit vacuum-plasma multi- layer coatings have higher functional characteristics than TiN (microhardness, crack re sistance, temperature re- sistance, erosion and corrosion resistance) and may be promising for applying erosion-resistant coatings for 10 Mech. Adv. Technol. Vol. 7, No. 1, 2023 compressor blades. The t echnologies developed by Avinit are technologically closest to the vacuum-plasma technol- ogies used in industrial production for applying TiN pro- tective coatings. Therefore, the developmen t of vacuum-plasma ero- sion-resistant nanostructured Avinit coatings with in- creased microhardness, suitable for increasing the durabil- ity of the compressor blades of the GTE of aircraft engines, is extremely appropriate. The purpose of this work is 1. Development of vacuum-plasma erosion-resistant nanostructured 2D-composite coatings of Avinit with increased microhardness, suitab le for increasing the dura- bility of compressor blades of gas turbine engines of air- craft engines, and technologies for their production. Research of the chemical a nd phase composition and struc- ture of coatings. 2. Applying the developed coatings to experimental batches of working gas turbine compressor blades for bench tests. 3. Experimental results All further experimental and technological develop- ments were carried out on the Avinit automated vacuum- plasma cluster created by us, which allows the implemen- tation of complex methods of applying multilayer func- tional coatings (plasma-chem ical CVD, vacuum-plasma PVD (vacuum-arc, magnetron), processes of ion satura- tion, implantation and ion tr eatment surface), combined in one technological cycle [5, 8]. A significant increase in the spectrum of sources, which is ensured by the complexity of the methods used, allows you to obtain coatings from almost any elements and alloys, refractory oxides, carbides, nitrides, metal-ce- ramic compositions based on refractory metals and oxides. This significantly expands the possibilities of creating fun- damentally new materials and coatings for nodes and parts of various purposes that work in extreme conditions in terms of temperature, the influence of aggressive environ- ments, and mechanical loads. When obtaining Avinit coatings, it is possible to move to the nano range for the implementation of processes of con- trolled formation of multi-component nano- and micro- structured coatings with specified characteristics. This is achieved due to the radical restructuring of the operation management of all technological equipment systems based on the technology of end-to-end synchroni- zation of ion-stimulated deposition systems and nano-sized coatings equipment due to the introduction of new micro- processor systems for power supply, synchronization and management of synthesis and diagnostic processes, and a complex of development of control methods technological parameters in the process It becomes possible to form multilayer structures containing a large number of layers of different chemical composition (metal, nitride, car bide, oxide, etc.) with a thickness from units to hundreds of nanometers. The struc- ture of the layers is provided by programmable coordinated modes of operation of plasma sources (both PVD and CVD), working gases and high potential applied to the substrate. 3.1. Development of Avinit strengthening erosion-resistant coatings for gas turbine blades We have conducted a number of experimental stud- ies on the development of vacuum-plasma processes for applying 2D nanocomposite multilayer coatings Avinit C on a nitride basis (Ti-Al-N) and Avinit D on a carbide basis (Ti-C) [8]. The main efforts were focused on the development of processes for obtaining Avinit C coatings (on the basis of Ti-Al-N) and studying their properties. Due to the high heat resi stance of Ti-Al-N coatings, the upper-temperatureupper temp erature limit of their op- eration is much higher than that of TiN coatings and reaches temperatures of 800–900º С. These coatings have significantly better tribological characteristics, which is ex- tremely important for their use as a material for promising erosion-resistant coatings [38, 39]. The characteristics of coatings (Ti-Al-N) depend significantly on the aluminum content. As the aluminum content increases, the microh ardness of the coating in- creases to 40 GPa at an aluminum concentration of 40–50 at %. Multilayer coatings had a layered structure of layers of different composition with the thickness of each layer ~ 10–15 nm. The results of metallophysical measurements of the Avinit C coating on a JSM T-300 scanning electron micro- scope are shown in fig. 3. Coatings have good adhesion to the substrate mate- rial. There were no cases of delamination of the coatings when the scratch mesh was applied. Conducted research [5] on the application of func- tional coatings based on titanium, aluminum and their com- pounds with nitrogen by vacuum-plasma deposition meth- ods showed that multi-component multilayer coatings demonstrate higher wear resistance and tribological char- acteristics compared to single-layer coatings based on one compound. On the basis of these st udies, the temperature-time parameters of obtaining Avinit C reinforcing coatings to increase the wear resistance of the working surfaces of the compressor blades of the gas turbine engine of aircraft en- gines, which ensure the production of coatings of the given composition with a thickness of 8–9 microns, were deter- mined. Mech. Adv. Technol. Vol. 7, No. 1, 2023 11 Fig. 3. The appearance of the Avinit C coating (transverse cut) in the coverage area mapping mode. Software products were developed for obtaining such coatings on the Avinit cluster and testing technologies of applying functional multi-component multi-layer coat- ings on real serial parts. On the basis of the conducted experiments, Avinit cluster management programs for obtaining TiN-AlN nanolayer coatings were created. Fragments of the protocols of the automated control system of these processes are presented in fig. 4. Many authors [9, 10] note that nano- and micro-layer multicomponent coatings in "metal-carbon" systems are promising for use as anti-fric tion wear-resistant coatings. We have developed processes (PVD and hybrid PVD + CVD) of controlled formation of Avinit D multi- component nano- and microstructured coatings using vac- uum-plasma (PVD) and plasma-chemical (CVD) processes of applying multi-component multilayer and nano-layer “metal-carbon” coatings (Me С, MeС : Н, Me-CN, MeС-С) (Me = Ti, Mo) [15]. The microhardness of the coatings is 30–35 GPa . Metallophysical measurements of Avinit D/P 100 coatings (fig. 5, 6) give the following results - the thickness of the coating is ~ 6–9 microns, the carbon content is ~ 10–15 %, fairly evenly distri buted in the structure of the coating. a b Fig. 4. Fragments of the protocols of the auto- mated control system of the technological process of TiN-AlN nanocoating application: a) TiN-AlN nanocoating (50/50) with a repetition period of 20 nm and the same thickness of nanolayers; b) TiN-AlN nanocoating (30/70) with a repetition period of 12 nm and a nanolayer thickness of 4 and 8 nm a Point C Ti Total, % 012 10.30 89.70 100 b Fig. 5. Appearance of the Avinit D/P 100 coating (on the basis of Ti C) (transverse cut) with the specified analysis zones – a; approximate chemi- cal composition of th e analyzed zones – b 12 Mech. Adv. Technol. Vol. 7, No. 1, 2023 x9000 Fig. 6. Appearance of the Avinit D/P 200 coating (based on the Mo-C system) in line analysis mode 3.2. Surface preparation When applying high-quality coatings using vacuum- arc methods, researchers face a number of problems related to surface preparation for coating. The most typical of them are the elimination of micro- arc breakdowns and the sepa- ration of plasma from the “droplet” component. The condition of the working surfaces to be covered has a significant impact on the operational properties of coatings. A characteristic feature of condensates (coatings) obtained by the vacuum-arc method is the presence of the so-called droplet component in the plasma flow generated by the vacuum arc. A large number of macroparticles ap- pear on the surface of the coatings (mainly, metal droplets, which, depending on the time of their appearance on the growing surface, are covered by subsequent layers), inher- ent in condensation from unseparated plasma flows. With- out the use of separating devices, the quality of the initial surface with a roughness of class 12c when applying coatings during normal deposition without a separator is greatly reduced (class 7c). The efficient separating devi ces for the formation of a plasma flow with a sharply reduced fraction of the “drop- let” component, improved by us, applied in the Avinit clus- ter, and developed within the framework of the production technological process, ensure the formation of plasma flows cleaned of microparticles of the cathode material, which allows obtaining a coating on products with a high surface quality, polished to V 11–12 cleanliness class. As the long-term experience of operating the Avinit cluster in industrial conditions shows [13, 15, 16], the in- troduced design improvements (three-level protection against micro-arc breakdowns and a special design of the plasma separator) allow us to successfully overcome the problems of eliminating micro-arc breakdowns and sepa- rating the plasma from th e “droplet” component. A very important problem is ensuring high adhesion when applying coatings to materials with a high affinity for oxygen, for example, titanium and its alloys. As world experience shows, ion-plasma technolo- gies have great potential in this regard due to pre-treatment of the surface with a stream of high-energy ions, which, thanks to additional modification of surface properties, usually has a positive effect on the properties of the formed coatings. We have developed Avinit technologies [6, 15] for surface cleaning that precede vacuum-plasma coating and, in addition to standard processes of preliminary surface preparation: chemical etching, ultrasonic washing, etc., in- clude a three-stage treatment of the surface of the product in a glow discharge plasma of inert gas argon, surface treat- ment in a high-density plasma of a two-stage vacuum-arc discharge of inert gas argon an d, finally, ion treatment with metal ions according to the optimal process modes Carrying out such a three-stage treatment, as shown by industrial experience when applying functional coatings to blades and steam distribu tion elements of steam and atomic turbines [6, 15], en sures high-quality surface clean- ing before applying coatings and obtaining strongly bonded coatings. The process of multistage io n-plasma cleaning of the surface is described in detail in [16]. It consists of the following stages 1) – plasma treatment of a glowing discharge of inert argon gas; 2) – processing in a high-density plasma of a two- stage vacuum-arc discharge of inert argon gas; 3) – ion processing (cleaning with metal ions). At the 1st stage, when processing in a glow dis- charge plasma of inert argon ga s, due to the low values of the plasma density and ion current density on the treated surface, the cleaning speed (s praying of surface layers) in the glow discharge plasma is much lower than the cleaning speed in the electric arc disc harge plasma. A higher poten- tial (600 V), required for the burning of a glow discharge in such conditions, can cause th e appearance of micro-arcs Mech. Adv. Technol. Vol. 7, No. 1, 2023 13 on surface contamination and deterioration of the cleanli- ness class. It is not possible to completely suppress the pro- cess of occurrence of micro-arcs, even despite the presence of a well-formed system of protection against micro-arcs. Therefore, glow discharge treatment was used for prelimi- nary degassing and “activation” of fairly clean surfaces with a very smooth potential increase. At the 2nd stage, a gas plasma generator of the Av- init cluster was used as a powerful plasma source of high- density plasma of a two-stage vacuum-arc discharge [5]. The comparative probe meas urements of technolog- ical plasma parameters of the Avinit cluster showed [30] that the ratio of the flow of ions and neutral atoms for the plasma of a double arc discharge gives an approximately 300–1000 times more intense flow of ions compared to the case of a glow discharge. Such a much denser plasma is used in the Avinit cluster for highly efficient ion cleaning of the surface and ion assistance, which ensures strong ad- hesion of the coating to the su bstrate and the application of high-quality functional coatings. During ion-plasma cleaning using high-density gas plasma created by a gas plasma generator, there is no prob- lem of deposition of metal pa rticles on the surface, and therefore the potentials on the part can be changed smoothly, starting from a zero value. At the same time, the complete absence of electrical breakdowns on the contam- inated surface areas is achiev ed in comparison with the case when the surface is comp letely cleaned with metal ions, and thus the initial cleanliness of the treated surface is preserved. At the 3rd stage, treatment with ions of the sputtered metal from the electric arc discharge plasma began to be carried out immediately after the termination of treatment in the gas plasma. This made it possible to completely avoid the inten- sive creation of micro-arcs, th e cause of which may be in- creased gas release due to additional heating of the surface of the product and equipment during processing, insuffi- cient degree of pre-cleaning of the equipment and products before vacuuming the chamber, etc. After that, the process of applying a protective multi- layer coating began directly. Conducting processes of ion-plasma cleaning and formation of layers with specified thicknesses of individual layers during vacuum-arc deposition of a protective coat- ing is carried out by programmed cyclograms that provide program-synchronized control of inert and reaction gas pressure regulators and electrical process parameters. It is important that the processes of multi-stage ion- plasma cleaning and subsequent vacuum-arc deposition of a protective erosion-resistant multilayer coating are carried out in one vacuum volume in a single technological cycle. Coating is the finishing operation – no further sur- face treatment of parts is required after manufacturing. 3.3. Applying the developed coatings to test batches of gas turbine working compressor blades for bench tests The composition of vacuum-arc nanolayer (10–100 nm) – 2D nanocomposite coatings (TiN-AlN) n was adopted as the basic version of the coating composition. Taking into account the extensive experience of suc- cessful industrial implementa tion of such coatings (TiN- AlN) n, as well as the maximum proximity of technological regulations to those used serially in production, this allows, with positive results of industrial tests, such coatings with small technological refinements can be implemented in the production of compressor blades of gas turbine engines of aircraft engines In order to study the possibility of increasing the in- ter-repair specification of parts, erosion and corrosion re- sistance and operating temperatures of the coatings, nanolayer (10–100 nm) – 2D nanocomposite coatings (TiN-AlN) n were applied to the titani um blades of 1–8 stages of turbocompressors of gas turbine engines in the Avinit cluster fig. 8) Coating thickness ~ 9 μm. Coatings have a nanolayer structure and consist of layers 5–10 nm thick based on aluminum, titanium and their compounds with ni- trogen. Avinit coatin gs are deposited on the surface of the blades without reducing the class of surface cleanliness. Metallophysical studies of multilayer Avinit coat- ings were carried out on a JSM T-300 scanning electron microscope (fig. 7). a No point N Al Ti 010 9.10 27.93 62.96 011 6.89 16.73 76.38 012 10.7 45.87 43.44 013 10.71 47.22 42.07 014 – 3.64 88.94 b Fig. 7. Appearance of the Avinit coating (cross- section) with the specified analysis zones – a; ap- proximate chemical compos ition of the analyzed zones – b 14 Mech. Adv. Technol. Vol. 7, No. 1, 2023 Fig. 8. Avinit 2D nanocomposite (TiN-AlN) n coating on titanium blades of turbocompressors of gas turbine engines The applied 2D nanocomposite (TiN-AlN) n coatings (fig. 8) have a high microhardness 34 GPa, compared to the TiN coating: of 27.4 GPa. Coatings have good adhesion to the substrate material. Ther e were no cases of delamina- tion of the coatings when the scratch mesh was applied. Test batches of gas turbine working compressor blades with developed coatings (TiN-AlN) n are prepared for bench tests. Also, to study the possibility of further application, Ti-C coatings with a thickness of 5–5.5 μm was applied to the blades (fig. 9). Fig. 9. Strengthening of blades of turbocompres- sors of gas turbine engines with wear-resistant coatings Avinit D (based on Ti- С) Proven modes allow you to get high-quality, uni- form coatings with high adhesion. The successful experience of applying solid TiC coatings to the working blades of the compressor convinc- ingly shows that, if necessary, with small technological re- finements, it is possible to implement a wide range of new vacuum-plasma erosion-resist ant 2D nanocomposite coat- ings (TiN-AlN) n, (TiN-ZrN) n, (TiN-NbN) n, (TiN-CrN) n, (TiC-MoC) n from the arsenal of Avinit technologies.