omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Cecil Peabody. Cecil Hobart Peabody (1855 – 1934) was an American mechanical engineer, born on August 9 in Burlington, Vermont. He was very influential in the development of the Mechanical Engineering Department and in founding the Department of Naval Architecture at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

Education and career 
Peabody graduated from MIT in 1877. He became assistant professor of steam engineering in 1883 and in 1893 professor of marine engineering and naval architecture. Between graduation and his return to Boston he was Professor of Mathematics and Engineering at the Sapporo Imperial Agricultural College of Japan for two years and assistant professor of mechanical engineering in the University of Illinois. Shortly after beginning his teaching career at MIT, Peabody published in 1888 the Tables of Properties of Saturated Steam and Other Vapors and invented the throttling calorimeter. Peabody was ever expanding the course offerings at MIT and in his first year of teaching established courses in Marine Engineering and in 1891 courses in Naval Architecture. The courses led to the development of the Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering in 1893. Peabody retired in 1920 from head of the Department of Naval Architecture.

Publications 
 Tables of the Properties of Saturated Steam and Other Vapors (1888; eighth edition, 1909)
 Thermodynamics of the Steam Engine and other Heat-Engines (1889; sixth edition, 1910)
 Valve-Gears for Steam-Engines (1892)
 Steam Boilers, with E. F. Miller, (1897; third edition, 1912)
 Manual of the Steam Engine Indicator (1900)
 Naval Architecture (1904; third edition, 1911)
 Propellers (1912)
 Computation for Marine Engines (1913)
 Thermodynamics of the Steam Turbine

References

MIT School of Engineering faculty
American science writers
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
American engineers
Writers from Burlington, Vermont
1855 births
1934 deaths
Specified minimum yield strength. Specified Minimum Yield Strength (SMYS) means the specified minimum yield strength for steel pipe manufactured in accordance with a listed specification1.  This is a common term used in the oil and gas industry for steel pipe used under the jurisdiction of the United States Department of Transportation.  It is an indication of the minimum stress a pipe may experience that will cause plastic (permanent) deformation.

The SMYS is required to determine the maximum allowable operating pressure (MAOP) of a pipeline, as determined by Barlow's Formula which is P = (2 * S * T)/(OD * SF), where P is pressure, OD is the pipe’s outside diameter, S is the SMYS, T is its wall thickness, and SF is a [Safety Factor].

See also
History of the petroleum industry in the United States

References
ASME B31G-2012 "Manual for Determining the Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines pg. 2

Mechanical standards
Petroleum in the United States
Plasticity (physics)
MillenWorks Light Utility Vehicle. The MillenWorks Light Utility Vehicle (LUV) is a prototype testbed for automotive technologies. It was designed and built by MillenWorks under contract to the Tank Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center. Textron Marine and Land Systems will use the platform for further development of component technologies. The vehicle was a possible Joint Light Tactical Vehicle candidate, but was not selected.

Design
The LUV has a very revolutionary drivetrain layout. The front wheels of the vehicle are powered by an electric motor located under the hood, while the rear wheels are powered by a separate diesel-electric parallel hybrid consisting of a second electric motor as well as a standard NATO M16 diesel motor. This eliminates the driveshaft common on most 4WD vehicles, and reduces the chances of an IED "mobility kill", since a hit in either the front or rear will not completely incapacitate the vehicle. Eliminating the driveshaft also allows for greater ground clearance, which combined with a V-hull design, improves survivability from land mines, allowing the blast more space to dissipate. The vehicle's other safety features include scalable armor protection and a quick-release windshield for emergency egress. The front and rear sub-frames are identical, along with interchangeable suspension corners, which reduces the number of required spare parts. The throttle, braking system, and steering are all x-by-wire control systems.  The driver sits in a centered position, similar to Rod Millen's Pikes Peak race cars and the McLaren F1.  It is transportable by C-130, CH-47, and CH-53.

See also
HMMWV replacement process
Shadow RST-V (cancelled)
International FTTS

Sources

Military light utility vehicles
All-wheel-drive vehicles
Textron
Diesel–electric cars
Hybrid trucks
Dynamic electrophoretic mobility. Dynamic electrophoretic mobility is a parameter that determines intensity of electroacoustic phenomena, such as Colloid Vibration Current and Electric Sonic Amplitude in colloids. It is similar to electrophoretic mobility, but at high frequency, on a scale of megahertz. Usual electrophoretic mobility is the low frequency limit of the dynamic electrophoretic mobility.

Colloidal chemistry
Condensed matter physics
Soft matter
Finite element updating. Finite element model updating is the process of ensuring that finite element analysis results in models that better reflect the measured data than the initial models.  It is part of verification and validation of numerical models.

The process
The process is conducted by first choosing the domain in which data is presented.  The domains used include time domain, frequency domain, modal domain, and time-frequency domain.

The second step is to determine which parts of the initial models are thought to have been modeled incorrectly.

The third task is to formulate a function which has the parameters that are expected to be design variables, and which represents the distance between the measured data and the finite element model predicted data.

The fourth step is to implement the optimization method to identify parameters that minimize this function.  In most cases, a gradient-based optimization strategy will be used.  For nonlinear analysis, more specific methods like response surface modeling, particle swarm optimization, Monte Carlo optimization, and genetic algorithms can be used. Recently, finite element model updating has been conducted using Bayesian statistics which gives a probabilistic interpretation of model updating.

References

 
Marwala, T., and Heyns, P.S., "A multiple criterion method for detecting damage on structures" AIAA Journal, 195(2), 1998, pp. 1494-1501.

External links
FEMtools : Software for finite element model updating in static and dynamic structural analysis

Finite element method
List of interplanetary voyages. This is a comprehensive list of interplanetary spaceflights, spaceflight between two or more bodies of the Solar System, listed in chronological order by launch date.  It includes only flights that escaped Earth orbit and reached the vicinity of another planet, asteroid, or comet. Flights that were planned but not executed, were destroyed at or shortly after launch, or missed their target entirely are not included. Flights which reached, but failed to return useful scientific data regarding their target, are given a gray background.

The list is divided between flights that stopped at a destination, and those that flew by their target.

Completed flights
The following flights were completed by matching velocity with the target object, whether by station-keeping, entering orbit, landing, or impact.

1960s

1970s

1980s

1990s

2000s

2010s

2020s

Passing flights
The following flights flew by the target object at close range, but did not match velocity with their target or continued to another destination.

1960s

1970s

1980s

1990s

2000s

2010s

2020s

References

See also
List of missions to the outer planets
List of extraterrestrial orbiters
Human presence in space

Lists of spacecraft
Spaceflight timelines
Creighton process. The Creighton process involves the hydrogenation of a 6 carbon chain aldehyde.  The reactant is 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal (an aldehyde) and the product is 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexanehexol (an alcohol). The product thus has two more hydrogen atoms than the reactant: -CHO is replaced by -CH2OH.

The Creighton process was patented in the 1920s.

References

Name reactions
Elektromotive. Elektromotive was a British company, acquired by Chargemaster in 2017, specialising in the manufacture and installation of charging infrastructure for electric cars and other electric vehicles, using their trade name of Elektrobay.  The company had partnerships with major corporations including EDF Energy and Mercedes-Benz to supply charging posts and data services.

History
Elektromotive was founded in 2003 by former photographer Calvey Taylor-Haw, mechanical engineer Greg Simmons and motorsport entrepreneur Mike Earle in Brighton. The company was based at Sussex University at the Sussex Innovation Centre, which acts as a business incubator for startup companies.

The first Elektrobays were installed by Westminster City Council in 2006 (branded as 'Juice Point'), and there were later over 100 units in London.

Elektromotive had a 2009 deal with electricity supplier EDF Energy to part-fund the installation of some Elektrobays in public places. In February 2009, Westminster City Council was accused by energy supplier Npower of infringing its trademark by calling their Elektrobays 'Juice Points'.

The first on-street stations outside London were commissioned in Brighton and Hove in September 2009, although over 90 stations were already operational on private sites outside London.

Charge Your Car 
Elektromotive's Charge Your Car subsidiary provides "back office" services to charge point owners, in many cases local authorities. CYC handles user registration and billing, and provides a map of charge points, but does not own or maintain any points.

Acquisition 
In January 2017, the Competition and Markets Authority gave Chargemaster permission to acquire Elektromotive and Charge Your Car, which was completed in the same month. At that time the company had around 190 staff. Charge Your Car continues as a subsidiary of BP Chargemaster.

Products
The company's main product was a range of Elektrobay units for charging vehicles that supply 13 A at 230 V, as well as a 32 A version (single or three phase) for faster charging of vehicles. These are available as free-standing posts or wall mounted, and with a range of connectors.  They also offer intelligent systems to communicate with the vehicle while charging.

Partnerships 
Elektrobay recharging units were installed at Mercedes-Benz dealerships from 2010.

References

Elektromotive
British companies established in 2003
British companies disestablished in 2017
Base One International. Base One International Corp. was an American company that specialized in developing software for constructing database applications and distributed computing systems. Headquartered in New York City, the company was founded in 1993 and expanded in 1997 through the founding of its subsidiary, Base One Software Pvt. Ltd., in Bangalore, India. Base One held a number of U.S. patents related to its technologies for distributed computing and high-precision arithmetic.

The company is most known for its Base One Foundation Component Library (BFC) product, which was a rapid application development (RAD) toolkit aimed at users of Microsoft Visual Studio in conjunction with any of the major commercial DBMS products from Microsoft, Oracle, IBM Db2, Sybase, or MySQL.

In 2014, Base One International sold its intellectual property to Content Galaxy Inc. and closed operations.

References

External links
 Official corporate website
 IDC INSIGHT. Base One: Grid Computing for Database-Centric Applications, Earl Joseph, Ph.D., John Humphreys, September 2004. Accessed April 10, 2008.
 Second Venture. The Top 50 Emerging Companies voted by 140 Venture Capital Funds & Angel Investors, December 14, 2004. Accessed April 10, 2008.
 FinanceTech. Base One Shares at SIA, June 23, 2005. Accessed April 10, 2008.
 NYSIA. On the Grid: A Report on Base One International Corporation, December 1, 2005. Accessed April 10, 2008.

International information technology consulting firms
Software companies based in New York (state)
Companies based in New York City
Defunct software companies of the United States
Defunct computer companies based in New York (state)
1993 establishments in the United States
1993 establishments in New York (state)
Software companies established in 1993
Companies established in 1993
Sundiver (space mission). Sundiver was a proposed space mission to crash a probe into the Sun, while sending back data to Earth before burning up.  It was proposed as a design study by the Australian Academy of Science's National Committee for Space Science as a Flagship mission to kick-start an Australian space program.  The design study was proposed as a five-year study from 2011-2015 with a complement of 10 PhDs, budgeted at a cost of $10 M (Australian), leading to a Go/NoGo Decision in 2015.

The mission would have been comparable, in its close approach to the Sun, to the NASA Parker Solar Probe mission, although it would have only made a single pass into the solar corona.

External links 
 Article in The Australian announcing plans
 Decadal Plan for Australian Space Science (Sundiver proposal begins on page 90)

Spaceflight
Haloclasty. Haloclasty (also called salt weathering) is a type of physical weathering caused by the growth and thermal expansion of salt crystals. The process starts when saline water seeps into deep cracks and evaporates depositing salt crystals. When the rocks are then heated, the crystals will expand putting pressure on the surrounding rock which will over time splinter the stone into fragments.

Salt crystallization may also take place when solutions decompose rocks (for example, limestone, chalk, or sandstone) to form salt solutions of sodium sulfate, sodium carbonate, or calcium carbonate, from which water evaporates to form their respective salt crystals.

The salts which have proved most effective in disintegrating rocks are sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, and calcium chloride. Some of these salts can expand up to three times or more in volume.

It is normally associated with arid climates where strong heating causes strong evaporation and therefore salt crystallization. It is also common along coasts. An example of salt weathering can be seen in the honeycombed stones in sea walls.

See also

References 

F.J.P.M. Kwaad (1970). "http://www.kwaad.net/Salt-weathering.html Experiments on the granular disintegration of granite by salt action]". Accessed October 12, 2007.

Weathering
José Vicente Faria Lima. José Vicente de Faria Lima (7 October 1909 — 4 September 1969) was a Brazilian military engineer and later politician.

Biography
Lima was born in Rio de Janeiro.

At the age of 21 Faria Lima started his military career in the Brazilian Air Force. There, he acquired the experience needed to join the Brazilian Mail Airlines, where he met his companion Eduardo Gomes, with whom he flew across the country. At the Brazilian Air Force, Faria Lima graduated as a military pilot, observer and aeronautical engineer, specializing in engineering at the Superior College of Aeronautics in France. By 1958 he held the rank of Brigadeiro do Ar

While working as a technical assistant for Minister Salgado Filho, he helped create the Ministry of Aeronautics. Faria Lima was also chief of the Brazilian Aeronautical Commission in the United States and commander of the Campo de Marte in São Paulo. He was also invited by Jânio Quadros to become the president of VASP, a national airline company.

In March 1965, Faria Lima was elected mayor of São Paulo. His administration distinguished itself by the number of construction projects initiated, among the most notable were: Marginais Tietê and Pinheiros, Avenida Sumaré, Radial Leste, 23 de Maio and Rubem Berta. During his administration, the tram service discontinued its operation while the subway system, the "Metrô," was initiated. His term also contributed to improvements in the health system, education, and social services of the city.

References

|-

1909 births
1969 deaths
Military personnel from Rio de Janeiro (city)
National Renewal Alliance politicians
Mayors of São Paulo
Brazilian military personnel of World War II
Buffalo Bill Museum. The Buffalo Bill Museum, located in LeClaire, Iowa, is focused on life along the Mississippi River and local history.

One exhibit is the Lone Star, a wooden, paddlewheel steam-powered towboat that is housed in a special pier.  Local history exhibits include the story of famous people from LeClaire, including American West showman Buffalo Bill Cody, engineer James Buchanan Eads and inventor James Ryan.

Professor James J. “Crash” Ryan (1903-1973), a professor of mechanical engineering at the University of Minnesota was the inventor of the “Flight Recorder” invented in 1953; see U.S. Patent 2,959,459.  The aviation recorder was initially named the “General Mills Flight Recorder” and later the "Ryan Flight Data Recorder".  In December 1959, Professor Ryan filed a second patent application for a “Coding Apparatus for Flight Recorders and the Like” approved as U.S. Patent 3,075,192 on January 22, 1963. An early prototype of the Ryan Flight Data Recorder is on display at the museum as described in the January 2013 Aviation History Magazine article "Father of the Black Box" by Scott M. Fisher.

Other exhibits include the Sauk and Fox Tribe, riverboat pilots, area pioneers, as well as area history and culture.

References

Museums in Scott County, Iowa
History museums in Iowa
Maritime museums in Iowa
Museums established in 1957
Le Claire, Iowa
List of emerging technologies. This is a list of emerging technologies, which are in-development technical innovations that have significant potential in their applications. The criteria for this list is that the technology must:

 Exist in some way; purely hypothetical technologies cannot be considered emerging and should be covered in the list of hypothetical technologies instead. However, technologies being actively researched and prototyped are acceptable.
 Have a Wikipedia article or adjacent citation covering them.
 Not be widely used yet. Mainstream or extensively commercialized technologies can no longer be considered emerging.

Listing here is not a prediction that the technology will become widely adopted, only a recognition of significant potential to become widely adopted or highly useful if ongoing work continues, is successful, and the work is not overtaken by other technologies.

Agriculture

Construction

Economy

Electronics, IT, and communications

Entertainment

Optoelectronics

Energy

Materials and textiles

Medicine

Neuroscience

Military

Space
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Emerging technology
! Status
! Potential applications
! Related articles
|-
| Artificial gravity
| Research and development 
|  Space travel
|Spin gravity
|-
| Asteroid mining
|  Conceptual; NASA has announced plans to capture and redirect an asteroid
|Commerce, resource supply
|
|-
| Inflatable space habitat
|  Development, prototypes built and tested
|  Space habitats
| Bigelow Aerospace
|-
| Reusable launch vehicle
| Commercial 
| Circumvention of the cost of expendable launch vehicles outside of national government or military missions
| Reusable launch vehicle
|-
|Starshot
| Research
|Uncrewed interstellar probes
|
|-
|Stasis chamber
|Research and development, experiments
|Interplanetary space travel, interstellar space travel, medical
|
|}



Transport

See also

General:
Anthropogenics
Differential technological development
Diffusion of innovations
Disruptive innovation
Ecological modernization
Environmental technology
Frugal innovation
Green development
Industrial ecology
List of existing technologies predicted in science fiction
List of hypothetical technologies
List of inventions
List of inventors
Sustainable development
Technology readiness level

Ethics:
Bioethics
Casuistry
Computer ethics
Engineering ethics
Nanoethics
Neuroethics

References

Apple’s first set of AI features on iOS 18 will run natively on iPhone: Report indianexpress.com April 16, 2024 Archived from the original source

Further reading
 10 Breakthrough Technologies Archive (2001 onwards) MIT Technology Review
 Ten Breakthrough Technologies in 2020, MIT Technology Review
 Ten Breakthrough Technologies in 2021, MIT Technology Review
 Ten Breakthrough Technologies in 2022, MIT Technology Review
 Ten Breakthrough Technologies in 2023, MIT Technology Review
 Ten Breakthrough Technologies in 2024, MIT Technology Review

Technology development
Technology in society
Emerging
HPCx. HPCx was a supercomputer (actually a cluster of IBM eServer p5 575 high-performance servers)  located at the Daresbury Laboratory in Cheshire, England. The supercomputer was maintained by the HPCx Consortium, UoE HPCX Ltd, which was led by the University of Edinburgh: EPCC, with the Science and Technology Facilities Council and IBM. The project was funded by EPSRC. 

The HPCx was the flagship UK academic supercomputer from its creation in December 2002, to 2007 when the larger HECToR system was installed. The HPCx service ended in January 2010.

References

External links
 www.hpcx.ac.uk 
 EPCC Website

Cluster computing
Computer science education in the United Kingdom
Research institutes in Cheshire
Supercomputers
John William Grover. John William Grover (20 April 1836 – 23 August 1892), was an early English consulting civil engineer responsible for several notable buildings in London and railway lines in England, Wales, Mexico and Venezuela. He was the inventor of the split washer.

Early life 
Grover was the only son of Henry Montague Grover, the rector of Hitcham, Buckinghamshire. He was sent to Marlborough College and studied in Germany and under the engineer Sir Charles Fox. He left to work for the railway engineer John Fowler, surveying routes in Portugal. 
He then joined the Science and Art Department, supervising and designing parts of the South Kensington Museum, the conservatory of the Royal Horticultural Society and domes for the 1862 International Exhibition.

Consulting career 
He set up his own consulting business in London in 1862, working on railways and structures.
His projects included:
 several English railways, including branches for Manchester and Milford, Hemel Hempstead, Westerham Valley Branch Line
 Welsh railways in Merionethshire and Carmarthenshire
 Mexican and continental railway surveys
 Venezuelan railways, notably surveying the mountain route from La Guaira to Caracas in 1872
 La Guaira, Venezuela hydrographic survey for proposed harbour works and Los Roques lighthouse
 Clevedon Pier, Somersetshire
 the Kingsland Bridge over the River Severn
 the roof of the Royal Albert Hall, assisting Major-General Henry Y. D. Scott, RE

Later in his career he designed waterworks and water supplies, specialising in chalk aquifers, designing supplies to service London, Westerham, Newbury, Wokingham, Leatherhead, Rickmansworth and Uxbridge. 
He also designed water schemes at Bridgend, West Indies, Egypt, Austria, Denmark, Italy, and Switzerland.

In addition to being a member of the Institution of Civil Engineers, his interest in Ancient Roman artifacts led him to membership of the Society of Antiquaries and the British Archaeological Association. 

He died at his home at Clapham after a long illness, on 23 August 1892, aged 56, and was buried at West Norwood Cemetery.

References 

Attribution

Sources
 Obituary, The Times 31 Aug 1892
 

1836 births
1892 deaths
English civil engineers
Burials at West Norwood Cemetery