omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Akaflieg Braunschweig SB-10 Schirokko. The Akaflieg Braunschweig SB-10 Schirokko is a German two-seat high performance sailplane designed and built by students of Brunswick University. The sailplane was not intended for production.

Design
The SB-10 is a cantilever shoulder-wing monoplane with a steel-tube structure fuselage and it used the wings from the earlier SB-9 Stratus. The two crew sit in tandem in an enclosed cockpit with a Plexiglas canopy, and it is fitted with dual instrumentation. The landing gear is a sprung retractable monowheel with a tail bumper. The wingtips are interchangeable and two types can be fitted to give a 26m or 29m span. The wing center section, its main spar and wing shells of 8m length were built using carbon fiber, a first in civil aircraft structure manufacturing.

Specifications (with 29m wing)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

Akaflieg Braunschweig aircraft
1970s German sailplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1972
Shoulder-wing aircraft
Akaflieg Darmstadt D-38. 

The Akaflieg Darmstadt D-38 is a German, single-seat, Standard Class sailplane that was designed and built by the Fliegergruppe of Darmstadt University.

Design
The D-38 is a cantilever, shoulder-wing monoplane with a glassfibre/balsa sandwich shell structure fuselage and wing, the wing has no flaps and has a T-tail. The pilot has a semi-reclining seat in an enclosed cockpit with a transparent canopy and the landing gear is a manual retracting monowheel gear with a tailskid. The D-38 was, in effect, the prototype of the successful Glaser-Dirks DG-100 competition Standard class glider.

Specifications

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links
Akaflieg Darmstadt website

1970s German sailplanes
Akaflieg Darmstadt aircraft
Shoulder-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1972
Akaflieg Stuttgart fs26. The Akaflieg Stuttgart fs26 Moseppl is a German single-seat motor glider with twin fins and rudders designed and built by Akaflieg Stuttgart. First flown on the 25 September 1970 it was designed as an experiment and not intended for production.

Design
The fs26 Moseppl is a cantilever high-wing monoplane with a monocoque nacelle fuselage and a glassfibre/balsa sandwich wing structure, fitted with airbrakes but no flaps or ailerons. To make room for the engine the Moseppl has twin fins and rudders attached to the wing trailing edge with an all-moving tailplane between the tops of the vertically surfaces. The pilot sits in an enclosed cockpit with a transparent canopy and the landing gear is a retracting rear monowheel and non-steerable nosewheel. The rear-mounted engine is a   Solo-Hirth engine with a variable pitch pusher propeller.

Specifications

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

1970s German sailplanes
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Twin-boom aircraft
Motor gliders
Aircraft first flown in 1970
Akaflieg Stuttgart aircraft
Twin-tail aircraft
Aircraft with retractable bicycle landing gear
Militi M.B.2 Leonardo. 

The Militi M.B.2 Leonardo is an Italian single-seat powered flying-boat glider designed and built by Bruno Militi.

Design and development
A powered version of Militi's M.B.1 flying-boat glider the Leonardo is a parasol-wing monoplane with a two-step hull and a fuselage of aluminium alloy, wood and fibreglass. The mixed construction wing is supported by two N-form cabane struts in the centre and a V-strut outboard on each side; it has plain ailerons but no flaps.  The pilot has an open cockpit with a small windscreen.  The  modified Panhard motor car engine is strut-mounted above the wing centre section and drives a two-bladed fixed-pitch laminated wood pusher propeller. The aircraft was first flown on 21 June 1970 and was exhibited at the 1972 Turin Air Show.

Specifications

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

1970s Italian civil utility aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Flying boats
Single-engined pusher aircraft
MB02
Glider aircraft
Parasol-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1970
Militi M.B.1. The Militi M.B.1 is an Italian single-seat flying-boat glider designed and built by Bruno Militi.

Design and development
Militi started to build his design for a flying-boat glider in October 1964 and it first flew on 13 August 1967. The M.B.1 is a parasol-wing monoplane with a two-step hull and a fuselage of aluminium alloy, wood and fibreglass. The mixed construction wing is supported by two N-struts in the centre and a vee-strut outboard on each side, it has plain ailerons but no flaps.  The pilot has an open cockpit with a small windscreen.  From 1969 Militi developed a powered version as the M.B.2 Leonardo which first flew in 1970.

Specifications

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

1960s Italian sailplanes
Homebuilt aircraft
Flying boats
Glider aircraft
MB01
Parasol-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1967
Aircraft ordnance. Aircraft ordnance or ordnance (in the context of military aviation) is any expendable weaponry (e.g. bombs, missiles, rockets and gun ammunition) used by military aircraft. The term is often used when describing the payload of air-to-ground weaponry that can be carried by the aircraft or the weight that has been dropped in combat. Aircraft ordnance also includes air-to-air, anti-ship and anti-submarine weapons.

Some aircraft types can carry a wide variety of ordnance – for example, the Fairchild AU-23 Peacemaker could use forward-firing gun pods, 500 and 250 pound bombs, napalm units, cluster bomb units, flares, rockets, smoke grenades and propaganda leaflet dispensers.

Ordnance can be carried in a bomb bay or hung from a hardpoint.

For many weapons there is a limit to the length of time they can be flown (e.g. because of vibration damage); after this their safety or effectiveness is not guaranteed. This can be a problem if weapons designed for high intensity conflict are carried on multiple missions in a long counter-insurgency campaign.

History

Guidance 

Ordnance can be divided into guided and unguided categories based on their targeting capabilities. Guided ordnance, such as Precision-guided munitions (PGMs), use advanced technologies like GPS, infared, radar or laser tracking to precisely hit designated targets. Unguided ordnance, commonly known as "dumb bombs," lack guidance systems and rely on the aircraft’s release parameters to strike a target. Though less accurate, unguided bombs are often used for area strikes and are more cost-effective.

Air-to-Ground vs. Air-to-Air Ordnance

See also
 List of aircraft weapons

References

Aircraft weapons
Spengler HS3 Skikarus. 

The Spengler HS3 Skikarus is a Swiss one-man ski-glider (an early hang glider) designed and built by Hans Spengler in the 1960s. The Skikarus was a monoplane with a tail at the end of an open frame fuselage. The pilot hung from a harness at the front of the fuselage frame and wore a pair of skis for landing and takeoff. With a takeoff run downhill of between 10 and 20 metres (33 to 66 feet) it has flown distances between 200m and 1 km (655 to 32855 feet) with a maximum speed of 40 kmh (35 mph).

Specifications

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

1960s Swiss experimental aircraft
Glider aircraft
Inland Petroleum Distribution System. The Inland Petroleum Distribution System (IPDS) a rapid deployment, general support, bulk fuel storage and pipeline system designed to move bulk fuel forward in a theater of operations. The system has a design throughput of  per day based on  per minute at 20 hours per operational day.  The IPDS system has three primary subsystems: tactical petroleum terminal, pipeline segments, and pump stations.

The IPDS was designed by and for the U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps for use with the U.S. Navy Offshore Petroleum Distribution System (OPDS). OPDS tankers are the SS Mount Washington, SS American Osprey, SS Petersburg, and SS Chesapeake.

References

Petroleum infrastructure in the United States
Howard Wright 1909 Monoplane. The Howard Wright 1909 Monoplane was the first of a series of tractor configuration monoplane aircraft built by Wright in England during 1909 and 1910. A variant, the Lascelles Ornis, was displayed at the 1910 Aero Show at Olympia in London.

Development
In October 1909 Wright and Manning started work on a new tractor monoplane design. Unlike earlier aircraft, which had used steel tubing, the fuselage was constructed from wire-braced ash wood, but was otherwise similar, being a square-section box-girder tapering to a vertical knife-edge at the back.  The tail-mounted control surfaces were similar to those of the Howard Wright Cooke Monoplane, consisting of a triangular rudder mounted on the sternpost and a rectangular horizontal stabiliser with tip-mounted elevators mounted below the lower longerons. The undercarriage was also similar to the Cooke aircraft, with a pair of mainwheels on sprung trailing arms and a large tailwheel.  Wing warping was used for lateral control: this was controlled by a lever which also operated the elevator on one side of the cockpit, the rudder being operated by a lever on the other side. A 35 hp Lascelles 5-cylinder semi-radial air-cooled engine was probably fitted to the examples built, although any suitable engine could be installed.

Work was started on at least three airframes in an early effort to reduce costs by some measure of standardisation of design, and Wright claimed that he could deliver an aircraft within fourteen days of receiving an order. Although only a few of the type were built, it was quickly followed by a number of very similar aircraft.

The Lascelles Ornis, built for the Lascelles company and exhibited on their stand at the 1910 Aero Show at Olympia, differed in having a 2 ft (0.6 m) longer fuselage, a  rectangular balanced rudder, and different control arrangements. It was fitted with a propeller made by José Weiss.

After the Olympia show the Ornis was bought by A.G. Power, who flew it at Brooklands during 1910.

Specifications (Lascelles Ornis)

Notes

References

Penrose, Harald British Aviation: The Pioneer Years. London: Putnam, 1967
Ransom, S and Fairclough, R English Electric Aircraft and their predecessors. London: Putnam, 1987 

1900s British aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1909
Rail Vehicle Accessibility Regulations. The Rail Vehicle Accessibility (Non-Interoperable Rail System) Regulations 2010 (commonly known as RVAR 2010) is a statutory instrument in the United Kingdom. It aims to set standards designed to improve accessibility for disabled people on light rail passenger vehicles.

It came into force on 6 April 2010. The instrument exercises powers conferred by the Disability Discrimination Act 1995.  It revokes and replaces the Rail Vehicle Accessibility Regulations 1998.

Applicability
RVAR 2010 sets standards designed to improve accessibility for disabled people on light rail vehicle systems for passengers, including metro, underground and tram systems, which are not subject to the Railways (Interoperability) Regulations 2006 (PRM-TSI). RVAR 2010 does not apply to main line rail systems.

The regulations apply to a rail vehicle (as defined by the Instrument) that was first brought into service after 31 December 1998, except if it belongs to a class first brought into use before 1 January 1999.

Regulated Features
RVAR 2010 covers the following areas of a rail vehicle:

 Boarding devices
 Catering
 Doors
 Door controls
 Door handles
 Exterior doorways and through routes
 Interior doorways
 Floors
 Handholds
 Handrails
 Passenger information
 Request-stop controls
 Seats
 Steps
 Toilets
 Transparent surfaces
 Wheelchair spaces

Key Means
The Instrument aims to provide accessibility by ensuring that:

 exterior doors, steps, floors and handrails contrast strongly visually with adjacent areas of the vehicle.
 door handles, door controls and request-stop controls can be used by the widest range of people.
 handrails are provided at doorways, on seat backs and in toilets.
 nominated doorways are accessible to wheelchairs.
 wheelchair spaces and wide throughways to those spaces from the accessible doorways are provided.
 interior glazed panels are clearly marked to aid visibility (or protected).
 passenger information is clearly communicated, both visually and audibly.
 toilets are provided that are accessible to disabled people, including wheelchair users.
 seats are nominated that are accessible to disabled people.
 catering facilities that are provided are accessible to all.
 boarding devices are provided to allow wheelchair users to enter and leave the vehicle.

References

External links 
 Guidance on the Rail Vehicle Accessibility Regulations 1998

Disability legislation
Statutory instruments of the United Kingdom
2010 in British law
2010 in transport
Filmtec Corporation. FilmTec Corporation was a US company established in Minnesota in 1977 that specialized in manufacturing the then new thin-film composite membranes used in water treatment applications. In August 1984, the company was acquired by Dow Chemical Company forming its Dow Water & Process Solutions business unit. In August 2017, FilmTec Corporation moved to DowDuPont, the company resulting from the merger of Dow and DuPont. On 2019, after the spin-offs of Dow and Corteva, FilmTec remained now part of DuPont Water Solutions, which is currently among the world's main membrane manufacturers.

Applications 
Applications include water purification, desalination, maple syrup, power generation and semiconductor manufacturing. Membranes and nanofiltration elements are made in different diameters and lengths. Industrial Reverse Osmosis membranes are typically 8-inch or 4-inch diameter.

References

External links 
 DuPont Water Solutions
 DuPont Water Solutions - Products

DuPont subsidiaries
Heavy mineral. In geology, a heavy mineral is a mineral with a density that is greater than 2.9 g/cm3, most commonly referring to dense components of siliciclastic sediments. A heavy mineral suite is the relative percentages of heavy minerals in a stone. Heavy mineral suites are used to help determine the provenance and history of sedimentary rocks.

As heavy minerals are a minor constituent of most sedimentary rock, they must be separated out to be studied. Heavy mineral separation generally uses a dense liquid in either a separatory funnel or centrifuge. Liquids used include bromoform, tetrabromoethane, tribromoethane, methylene iodide, and polytungstate liquids.

References

Petrology
Sedimentology
Metaltech: Battledrome. Metaltech: Battledrome is a mecha-style simulation video game in the Metaltech series developed by Dynamix and released in 1994. It was published alongside its companion game Earthsiege and shares roughly the same gaming mechanics and strategy but takes place in a completely different setting.

Graphics
The game features a fully three-dimensional simulation of mech combat. All in-game objects are textured and there are rudimentary physics present, however this caused the game to have high hardware requirements for computers at the time.

Gameplay
The player competes against other players (over a network) or against AI-players for local game. The player must purchase equipment such as the HERC chassis, generators, shields, servos as well as weapons and then challenge others to fight against them. During negotiation both parties can set stakes (in addition to preset in game rewards), set fighting conditions, and limit weaponry.

The battle is carried out in an arena, limited in size by its borders. On the arena, two players compete tactically against each other and are watched by a flying referee bot, who assigns penalties (walking past arena borders) or can disqualify (in the event a player uses forbidden weapons).  The arena may contain a variable amount of obstacles such as, gun turrets, arena size, and different lightning conditions.

Unique to the Battledrome is the model of energy distribution in the HERC. Each player can redistribute priority between engine, shield and weapons. Combined with weapon limitations, conditions met previously during negotiation phase between the players, HERC chassis qualities (some HERCs have stronger torso, yet weaker legs and vice versa) and arena hazards - this allows a variety of tactics: hit-and-run, outrun and cautious attack, direct assault, damage absorption with retaliation, outsmarting by weapon range and many others.

The fight ends based on condition defined during negotiation, typically with obliteration or surrender (which is time-delayed) of one of the players. The winner receives the prize as well as the enemy's bet.  Additional rewards include higher ranking and reputation which unlocks access to heavier HERCs.  The loser must pay his stake and goes down the ranking ladder. Both parties have option to repair their HERC.

If the player is able to maintain their Herc operational, they can challenge other players again.

Reception

Computer Gaming World rated the game as less visually attractive than Earthsiege and criticized the awkward controls among other complaints such as a weak single player mode. However, Computer Gaming World did praise the game's multiplayer feature.

References

External links

1994 video games
DOS games
DOS-only games
Dynamix games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Video games about mecha
Video games developed in the United States
Sodium lignosulfonate. Sodium lignosulfonate (lignosulfonic acid, sodium salt) is used in the food industry as a de-foaming agent for paper production and in adhesives for items that come in contact with food. It has preservative properties, and is used as an ingredient in animal feeds. It is also used for construction, ceramics, mineral powder, chemical industry, textile industry (leather), metallurgical industry, petroleum industry,  fire-retardant materials, rubber vulcanization, organic polymerization.

It is a pepsin inhibitor.
Vovac, J.A. et al., Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther., 1969, 177, 150 (pharmacol)
Alphin, R.S. et al., Experientia, 1972,28, 53 (pharmacol)

Names

Sodium lignosulfonate is also known by the following names.

References

Process chemicals
Organic sodium salts
Sulfonates
Lignans
Cyril Lloyd Jones. Cyril Walter Lloyd Jones  (6 March 1881, Wandsworth, London SW–10 July 1981, Surrey, England), was an early 20th-century British railway engineer who served in India.

Life
The elder son of Richard Lloyd Jones, he was educated at Haberdashers' Aske's School and the Imperial College of Science in London, before joining the Nizam's State Railways (NSR) in 1904. Becoming HEH's chief engineer in 1913, then the NSR managing director by 1930, he retired in 1941.

In 1907, Lloyd Jones married Edith Penty, a cousin of Arthur Penty, having two sons a two daughters.

Honours and awards
  CIE (1925)
 FCGI
 FICE

References

External links
 Cyril Lloyd Jones 
 HEH the Nizam's Railway, Poosapally Gorge.
 www.ice.org.uk

Further reading
 Memoirs of Cyril Lloyd Jones: People, Society and Railways in Hyderabad, by Omar Khalidi (; Publisher: South Asia Books (2010)).

1881 births
1981 deaths
People from Surrey
People educated at Haberdashers' Boys' School
Alumni of Imperial College London
British railway mechanical engineers
Railway officers in British India
Engineers from British India
Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire
Rain Clox. Rain Clox was the trade name given to a series of electromechanical irrigation controllers produced by the Rain Bird Corporation from 1962 to the late 2000s (decade), and were largely responsible for giving rise to the widespread use of automatic irrigation. The first model was the ME11AB, capable of running 11 stations on two schedules. A scaled-down residential model, the RC-8, was formally introduced in 1968 and was marketed as the "first appliance for the garden". The Los Angeles Times reported in 1967 that architects incorporated the RC-8 into a suburban housing development in Glendale, California, planning on adding the cost of the system to the mortgage. The controllers were used in controlled experiments of swine waste lagoon systems. The product line would later range from compact 3-station mechanical units to 23-station multi-program devices.

The Rain Clox series controllers were known for their durability. In 1997, Rain Bird held a contest to find the oldest functioning controller, eventually locating an RC-8 manufactured in 1964 which was still functioning after it survived a tornado. A considerable online aftermarket for the controllers has appeared following their discontinuation.

Model Series

RC
Dual-schedule controllers with individual switches for each station to run on either A or B program. Rain Bird later resurrected this design as the "Turfmaster".

Compact Units
RC-3
RC-8
RC-11

Full-Size Units
RC-12
RC-18
RC-23

RC-A
These featured a single 14-day watering schedule and 23 possible on-the-hour start times. The RC-A series controllers were later replaced by the RC-B (indoor) and RC-C (outdoor) series following improvements in mechanical design.

RC-4A - 4 stations, 1–60 minutes.
RC-7A - 7 stations, 1–60 minutes.
RC-1230A - 12 stations, 1–30 minutes in 1-minute increments
RC-1260A - 12 stations, 2–60 minutes in 2-minute increments

RC-AB

These consisted of two RC-A series controllers in one unit which operated in sequence, with the capability of switching off the lower controller on a given day. Zones requiring less watering would thus be assigned to the lower unit. The 12th station on the upper unit was replaced with a tripper mechanism to start the lower unit.

RC-1830AB - 11 stations, 1–30 minutes in 1-minute increments; and 7 stations, 1–60 minutes in 1-minute increments.
RC-1860AB - 11 stations, 2–60 minutes in 2-minute increments; and 7 stations, 1–60 minutes in 1-minute increments.
RC-2330AB - 11 stations, 1–30 minutes in 1-minute increments; and 12 stations, 1–30 minutes in 1-minute increments.
RC-2360AB - 11 stations, 2–60 minutes in 2-minute increments; and 12 stations, 2–60 minutes in 2-minute increments.

MC
Master control units for golf courses, consisting of a single RC-A unit which operated three separately timed sets of stations.
MC-3S - Three sets of 12 stations (36 total), 1-10 minutes.

References

Irrigation
Products introduced in 1962
International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications. The International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the field of computer science. Its editors-in-chief are Jack J. Dongarra (University of Tennessee) and Bronis R. De Supinski (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory). It was established in 1987 and is published by SAGE Publications.

Abstracting and indexing 
The journal is abstracted and indexed in Academic Search Premier, Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts, Current Contents, Scopus, and the Science Citation Index Expanded. According to the Journal Citation Reports, its 2022 impact factor is 3.1.

References

External links

SAGE Publishing academic journals
English-language journals
Academic journals established in 1987
Computer science journals
Quarterly journals