omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Resource Access Control Facility. RACF [pronounced Rack-Eff], short for Resource Access Control Facility, is an IBM software product.  It is a security system that provides access control and auditing functionality for the z/OS and z/VM operating systems. RACF was introduced in 1976. Originally called RACF it was renamed to z/OS Security Server (RACF), although most mainframe folks still refer to it as RACF.

Its main features are:
 Identification and verification of a user via user id and password check (authentication)
 Identification, classification and protection of system resources
 Maintenance of access rights to the protected resources (access control)
 Controlling the means of access to protected resources
 Logging of accesses to a protected system and protected resources (auditing)

RACF establishes security policies rather than just permission records. It can set permissions for file patterns—that is, set the permissions even for files that do not yet exist. Those permissions are then used for the file (or other object) created at a later time.

Community 
There is a long established technical support community for RACF based around a LISTSERV operated out of the University of Georgia. The list is called RACF-L which is described as RACF Discussion List. The email address of the listserv is RACF-L@LISTSERV.UGA.EDU and can also be viewed via a webportal at https://listserv.uga.edu/scripts/wa-UGA.exe .

Books 
The first text book published (first printing December 2007) aimed at giving security professionals an introduction to the concepts and conventions of how RACF is designed and administered was Mainframe Basics for Security Professionals: Getting Started with RACF by Ori Pomerantz, Barbara Vander Weele, Mark Nelson, and Tim Hahn.

Evolution 
RACF has continuously evolved to support such modern security features as digital certificates/public key infrastructure services, LDAP interfaces, and case sensitive IDs/passwords. The latter is a reluctant concession to promote interoperability with other systems, such as Unix and Linux. The underlying zSeries (now IBM Z) hardware works closely with RACF. For example, digital certificates are protected within tamper-proof cryptographic processors. Major mainframe subsystems, especially Db2, use RACF to provide multi-level security (MLS).

Its primary competitors have been ACF2 and TopSecret, both now produced by CA Technologies.

References

External links 
 What is RACF?
 RACF - An Overview

IBM mainframe operating systems
Operating system security
IBM mainframe technology
Fournier RF-9. The Fournier RF-9 is a two-seat motorglider of conventional sailplane configuration. Originally produced in France, manufacturing was later taken over by ABS Aircraft in Switzerland, and then by Gomolzig in Germany.  The pilot and passenger are accommodated side-by-side, and the aircraft's wings are foldable for ease of storage. It first flew in 1977. The licence-built example was known as the Fournier RF-9 ABS but only one, registration D-KHGO (w/nr.9021) was ever constructed. In 1994, ABS Aircraft GmbH left the development of ABS RF-9 though two further kits had been built, and were later constructed by the Polish Aircraft company Polavia.

Specifications (RF-9)

See also

 Fournier RF 4
 Fournier RF 5

1970s French sailplanes
Fournier aircraft
Motor gliders
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1977
Aircraft with retractable conventional landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Thomas Knoll. Thomas Knoll is an American software engineer who created Adobe Photoshop.  He initiated the development of image processing routines in 1988. After Knoll created the first core routines, he showed them to his brother, John Knoll, who worked at Industrial Light and Magic. John liked what he saw, suggested new features, and encouraged Tom to bundle them into a package with a graphical user interface. In 1988, John sold the distribution license for Photoshop to Adobe Systems and later on March 31, 1995, he sold the rights to the program to Adobe for $34.5 million.

Thomas Knoll was the lead developer until version CS4, and currently contributes to work on the Camera Raw plug-in to process raw images from cameras.

Knoll was born and raised in Ann Arbor, Michigan, and graduated from the University of Michigan.

His last name also graces an elementary school in Ann Arbor, Michigan founded by his wife in 1995 called Summers-Knoll School.

In 2016 Thomas (alongside with his brother John) were inducted into the International Photography Hall of Fame and Museum.

At the 2019 Oscars, Thomas and his brother John were awarded a Scientific and Engineering Award for the original architecture, design and development of Photoshop.

References

Adobe Photoshop
Computer graphics professionals
Living people
American software engineers
Engineers from Ann Arbor, Michigan
University of Michigan College of Engineering alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Aceair AERIKS 200. The Aceair AERIKS 200 is a Swiss sports plane of highly unusual design. It is being marketed in kitplane form. The AERIKS 200 has a highly streamlined, bullet-shaped fuselage, with a T-tail and large ventral fin, pusher propeller, and canard. The pilot and passenger are seated in tandem. Development aircraft used a fixed undercarriage, but Aceair was planning to offer a version with retractable landing gear.

Status
Aceair ceased operation in 2004, and with it the Aeriks 200 project was cancelled.  This was principally due to Diamond Engines cancelling the manufacture of the rotary engine the 200 was based around.
Some assets of the company were purchased by a pair of entrepreneurs, and so the Aeriks 200 may eventually see commercial launch someday.

Specifications (Aeriks A-200)

References

 Jackson, Paul. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 2003–2004. Coulsdon, UK:Jane's Information Group, 2003. .

External links
 http://www.canardzone.com/forum/showpost.php?p=11756&postcount=6
 https://web.archive.org/web/20091020131559/http://www.over-flyer.ch/

Abandoned civil aircraft projects
2000s Swiss sport aircraft
Wankel-engined aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Aircraft manufactured in Switzerland
T-tail aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 2002
Mid-wing aircraft
Aces High Cuby. The Aces High Cuby is a family of Canadian single engine, high wing, strut-braced, light sports planes with conventional landing gear that was marketed for homebuilding by Aces High Light Aircraft of London, Ontario.

The aircraft design was available in two versions, the single-seat Cuby I and side-by-side two-seat Cuby II. Aces High went out of business in the 1990s and the kits are no longer available.

Development
The Cuby fuselage is constructed from welded 4130 steel tubing, covered with aircraft fabric. The wings are built around an aluminum spar and D-cell and also fabric-covered. The conventional landing gear includes bungee-suspended main wheels and a steerable tail wheel.

The controls are conventional three-axis, with no flaps fitted to the wing. The aircraft were available as kits or as completed aircraft and were designed to look and fly similarly to a Piper J-3 Cub. The kit price for the Cuby I was US$11,350, including the propeller and  Rotax 277 engine.

The Cuby II features a  wide cabin and a large baggage compartment behind the side-by-side seats. The aircraft was certified and put into production in Hungary for sale in Europe. In North America  the Cuby II was sold for US$15,662.76, complete with propeller,  Rotax 503 powerplant, paint and fabric in 1988. Available options included folding wings, floats and an agricultural spray kit.

Reviewer Ken Armstrong, flying the Cuby II prototype with the  single carburetor version of the Rotax 503 said:

Variants
Cuby I
Single seat, standard engine  Rotax 277, qualified as a US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicle with an empty weight of  and as Canadian basic ultra-light,  advanced ultra-light or amateur-built aircraft
Cuby II
Two seat, standard engine  Rotax 503, qualified as a US amateur-built and Canadian basic ultra-light, advanced ultra-light or amateur-built aircraft. More than 200 completed and flying.

Specifications (Cuby II)

See also

References

External links
Photo of Cuby II

1980s Canadian sport aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aces High Light Aircraft aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Thorp T-211. The T-211 is a light aircraft designed in the US by John Thorp in 1945. It is a low-wing monoplane of conventional layout with a fixed tricycle undercarriage and a sliding canopy. John Thorp developed the Sky Scooter with lessons learned from developing the Lockheed Little Dipper project in 1944. It bears some family resemblance to the Piper Cherokee, a design that Thorp later significantly contributed to.

Development

Thorp constructed eight prototypes, had the design certified by the FAA but was unable to find a foothold in the Cessna-dominated post-war US market. The original prototypes were powered by a 65 hp Lycoming engine. Novel features of the Sky Skooter include an all-movable horizontal stabilizer and externally ribbed wings and tailplane. The wings were corrugated to impart stiffness, each wing needing only three internal ribs. This feature simplified construction, reduced the number of rivets (and weight), and helped control the spanwise flow of air over the wings.   The T-211 was developed with a 90-horsepower Continental upgrade in 1953. The project was therefore shelved until the homebuilding boom saw the rights to the aircraft acquired first by Adams Industries and then by Thorp Aero in the 1970s, the latter firm building five examples as the Thorp Arrow or T-211 Aero Sport built in Sturgis Kentucky, but only sold overseas or to part 141 operations due to current liability laws. The kits were then manufactured by AD Aerospace in the United Kingdom and Venture Light Aircraft in the United States.

IndUS Aviation began production of the T-211 according to the guidelines of Light Sport Aircraft in the mid-2000s. The Thorp T-211 was the first US-designed Special Light Sport Aircraft to receive certification from the Federal Aviation Administration. The light-sport version uses the  Jabiru 3300 engine, while the type certified version uses a  Continental O-200 engine and is equipped for both VFR and IFR flying.

In 2010, the aircraft was also back in production as a kit aircraft by AD Aerospace of Manchester, United Kingdom. This model is powered by a four-cylinder  Continental O-200 or a six-cylinder  Jabiru 3300 powerplant.

Variants
Thorp Sky Skooter
1946
Thorp T-211
1953
Tubular Aircraft Products
1965 - Built 100 parts kits with Continental O-200 powerplants with 11 production models built
Thorp Aero
1983 - Purchased rights and tooling
IndUS Aviation
LSA production in India

Specifications (T-211)

See also

References

External links

 
 IndUS Aviation*  
 FAA Type Certificate Data Sheet for the AD Aerospace T-211

Low-wing aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Light-sport aircraft
1940s United States sport aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1945
T-211
Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Adam RA-14 Loisirs. The RA-14 Loisirs was a French two-seat high-wing light touring aircraft designed by Roger Adam shortly after World War II.

Design and production
The Loisirs ("Leisure") was designed in May 1945 by Roger Adam and built by Etablissements Aeronautiques R. Adam. It was a tube, wood and fabric two-seater suitable for amateur construction. It was a high-wing braced monoplane with a fixed tail-wheel undercarriage. The seats were positioned side-by-side.

The company sold plans and manufactured parts for the aircraft which could be fitted with a range of engines of between . These included the Régnier 4D, Continental A65, Continental A75 and Continental C90 engines.

Variants
The design rights were sold in 1957 to the Maranda Aircraft Company of Canada who sold plans for amateur construction of the RA14BM1 Loisirs as the Falconar AMF-S14. More than 30 examples were built in North America.

Adam RA-14 Loisirs

Falconar AMF-S14
Homebuilt variant
RA-14 SL "Super Loisirs"
modified wing and tail with trim tabs

Survivors
Of the French production of 40 Loisirs, 17 were active in 1965 and five were still flying in the country in 2001.

Specifications

References

Notes

Bibliography

Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
1940s French civil utility aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
RA-14
Maranda aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1948
C7. C7, C07 or C-7 may refer to:

Vehicles (including military)
 C-7 Caribou, a military transport aircraft
 AEG C.VII, a World War I German armed reconnaissance aircraft
 AGO C.VII, a World War I German reconnaissance aircraft
 Albatros C.VII, a World War I German military reconnaissance aircraft
 C-7, a United States Navy C class blimp and the first airship inflated with helium
 Chevrolet Corvette (C7), the seventh generation of a sports car made by General Motors
 Fokker C.VII, a 1928 Dutch reconnaissance seaplane
 HMS C7, a British Royal Navy C-class submarine
 Sauber C7, a 1983 Group C prototype race car
 USS Cincinnati (C-7), a United States Navy protected cruiser

Science
 Caldwell 7 (NGC 2403), a spiral galaxy in Camelopardalis

Technology
 Nokia C7-00, a touch screen mobile from Nokia
 VIA C7, an IA-32 central processing unit by VIA Technologies
 C7, an incandescent light bulb of the size typically used in nightlights and Christmas lighting usually 2 and 1/8 inches Length, 7/8 inch Width, 5 watts
 IEC 60320 C7, an unpolarized, two pole, mains voltage connector

Biology
 Cervical vertebra 7 (vertebra prominens), one of the cervical vertebrae of the vertebral column
 Cervical spinal nerve 7
 C7 protein, engineered transcription factors
 Complement component 7, protein encoded by the C7 gene in humans
 Coccinella septempunctata ("C. 7-punctata"), a widespread lady beetle
 ATC code C07 Beta blocking agents, a subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System
 C07, Malignant neoplasm of parotid gland ICD-10 code

Entertainment
 "C7" (song), a song by Japanese band GO!GO!7188
 C7 Sport, a defunct pay-TV service in Australia
 C7, the C (musical note) three octaves above Middle C in scientific pitch notation
 C7, in music, a C dominant seventh chord

Communications
 C7, CCITT (now ITU-T) (the European term for) Signalling System No. 7, a set of telecom signaling protocols
 C7, Nielsen viewership ratings that include live viewing plus recorded programs watched a week (7 days) later
 C7, broadcasting services of the government of the Mexican state of Jalisco:
 XEJB (disambiguation), radio
 XHGJG-TV, television
 Nokia C7-00, a cell phone

Transport
 C7, a road connecting Newhaven and Lewes in East Sussex
 The IATA code for Rico Linhas Aéreas, an airline based in Manaus, Brazil
 LNER Class C7, classified Z or V2 by the NER

Other
 Colt Canada C7 rifle or Diemaco C7, a Canadian derivative of the M16
 C7, an international standard paper size (81×114 mm), defined in ISO 216

See also
 7C (disambiguation)
Energy–maneuverability theory. Energy–maneuverability theory is a model of aircraft performance. It was developed by Col. John Boyd, a fighter pilot, and Thomas P. Christie, a mathematician with the United States Air Force, and is useful in describing an aircraft's performance as the total of kinetic and potential energies or aircraft specific energy. It relates the thrust, weight, aerodynamic drag, wing area, and other flight characteristics of an aircraft into a quantitative model. This enables the combat capabilities of various aircraft or prospective design trade-offs to be predicted and compared.

Formula 
All of these aspects of airplane performance are compressed into a single value by the following formula:

History 
John Boyd, a U.S. jet fighter pilot in the Korean War, began developing the theory in the early 1960s. He teamed with mathematician Thomas Christie at Eglin Air Force Base to use the base's high-speed computer to compare the performance envelopes of U.S. and Soviet aircraft from the Korean and Vietnam Wars. They completed a two-volume report on their studies in 1964.  Energy Maneuverability came to be accepted within the U.S. Air Force and brought about improvements in the requirements for the F-15 Eagle and later the F-16 Fighting Falcon fighters.

See also 
 Lagrangian mechanics

Notes

References

Hammond, Grant T. The Mind of War: John Boyd and American Security. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 2001.   and .
Coram, Robert. Boyd: The Fighter Pilot Who Changed the Art of War. New York: Back Bay Books, 2002.   and .
Wendl, M.J., G.G. Grose, J.L. Porter, and V.R. Pruitt. Flight/Propulsion Control Integration Aspects of Energy Management. Society of Automotive Engineers, 1974, p. 740480.

Aerospace engineering
FN CAL. The CAL (Carabine Automatique Légère, Light Automatic Carbine) is a Belgian assault rifle that was manufactured by Fabrique Nationale. It was the first 5.56 mm rifle produced by the Fabrique Nationale. It resembled the company's highly successful FN FAL, but was an original design. Unlike the FAL, it was a market failure, although its development led to the more successful FN FNC.

Design details
Prior to the development of the CAL, FN had already constructed a scaled-down FAL prototype before shelving the idea as unmarketable.  Noting the growing sales success of the cheaper and simpler HK G3 rifle, FN decided that for any future rifle to be competitive in the marketplace, it would need to use fewer expensive precision-machined parts. These would be replaced by less expensive castings and stampings where possible. While the construction of the new CAL reflected these design principles, it was still relatively expensive and complex, and met with no significant sales. It was eventually dropped for the even less expensive FN FNC. A small number of FN CALs were sold to the civilian market in the US.

Operation
Although the weapon resembled a scaled-down FN FAL, it in fact used a rotating bolt, unlike the FAL, which used a tilting bolt design. The earlier models of the CAL had a three-round selector system, which allowed the weapon to fire a three-round burst with each trigger pull. The CAL could also fire in fully and semi-automatic modes.

The gun used long stroke gas piston to operate the bolt carrier, and the bolt itself had interrupted lugs to lock it into the chamber.
Locking lugs were cut diagonally at a steep angle. So while the bolt is rotating to unlock, bolt face is slowly moving back, giving primary extraction of the case. Similar feature can be seen on MG 30, MG 15, MG 17 and MG 34.

Users

 
 
 
 
 : Lebanese Forces
 : People's Movement for the Liberation of Azawad
 
 : Gendamerie Royale
 : Karen National Liberation Army; captured by the Myanmar junta 
 :National Guard and the Sandinistas

For trials
 : Tested the CAL for consideration to the Imperial Iranian Army, but was never adopted.

 : Tested the CAL in the late 1960s and early 1970s for military adoption. It had a MAS-49/56 style rifle grenade launching system. But was never adopted.

See also
 FN FAL, 7.62mm NATO predecessor
 FN FNC, successor
 List of assault rifles

References

5.56×45mm NATO assault rifles
Assault rifles of Belgium
CAL
Trial and research firearms
Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1966
BLAST model checker. The Berkeley Lazy Abstraction Software verification Tool (BLAST) is a software model checking tool for C programs. The task addressed by BLAST is the need to check whether software satisfies the behavioral requirements of its associated interfaces. BLAST employs counterexample-driven automatic abstraction refinement to construct an abstract model that is then model-checked for safety properties. The abstraction is constructed on the fly, and only to the requested precision.

Achievements
BLAST came first in the category DeviceDrivers64 in the 1st Competition on Software Verification (2012) that was held at TACAS 2012 in Tallinn.

BLAST came third (category DeviceDrivers64) in the 2nd Competition on Software Verification (2013) that was held at TACAS 2013 in Rome.

BLAST came first in the category DeviceDrivers64 in the 3rd Competition on Software Verification (2014), that was held at TACAS 2014 in Grenoble.

References

Notes

External links
 BLAST 2.5 website
 BLAST 2.7 website

Free software testing tools
Model checkers
Static program analysis tools
Software using the Apache license
AC Mobil 34 Chrysalin. The AC Mobil 34 Chrysalin is a two-seat light aircraft produced in France in kitplane form. The aircraft was designed to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight rules.

Design and development
Constructed of composite materials, it is a conventional high-wing braced monoplane with a fixed tricycle undercarriage. The pilot and passenger sit in a side-by-side configuration.

The Construction is a fibreglass and vinyl ester sandwich, which results in a low empty weight of . The aircraft features folding wings. the Standard engine is the  Rotax 912 air- and liquid-cooled, four-stroke, four cylinder piston aircraft engine.

Specifications (Chrysalin)

See also
Comparable aircraft:
 3Xtrim 3X55 Trener

References

External links

2000s French sport aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Krakout. Krakout is a Breakout clone that was released for the ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC, BBC Micro, Commodore 64, Thomson computers and MSX platforms in 1987. One of the wave of enhanced Breakout variants to emerge in the wake of Arkanoid, its key distinctions are that gameplay is horizontal in layout, and that it allows the player to select the acceleration characteristics of the bat before playing. It was written by Andy Green and Rob Toone and published by Gremlin Graphics. The music was composed by Ben Daglish.

Reception
In 1990, Dragon gave the game 4 out of 5 stars, calling it "one of our favorites, this is Breakout with a different flavor".

Reviews
 Computer Gamer (June 1987)
 Tilt (May 1987)
 Happy Computer (1987)
 ASM (Aktueller Software Markt) (March 1987)
 Tilt (July 1987)
 Computer Gamer (April 1987)
 Commodore User (April 1987)
 Your Sinclair (February 1989)
 Zzap! (April 1987)
 Crash! (February 1989)
 Jeux & Stratégie #45

References

External links
 
 
 Krakout at Complete BBC Games Archive

1987 video games
Amstrad CPC games
BBC Micro and Acorn Electron games
Breakout clones
Commodore 64 games
MSX games
Single-player video games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Video games scored by Ben Daglish
ZX Spectrum games