omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Oil Depletion Analysis Centre. The Oil Depletion Analysis Centre (ODAC) is an independent, UK-registered educational charity. The centre is working to raise international public awareness and promote better understanding of the world's oil depletion and peak oil problem.  It is based in London and belongs to the New Economics Foundation.

ODAC was founded in June 2001 on the belief that an informed public debate about the likely impacts of depleting oil supplies is critically needed. A growing number of experts now predict that world oil production has peaked or will reach its physical peak within the coming decade and then start to permanently decline. The prevailing view of most energy policy-makers and institutions is that near-term oil supply is mainly an economic and geopolitical concern. Under almost any scenario, however, lead time is running short for a smooth transition to new energy systems and a less oil-dependent way of life.

On 30 March 2012, the activities of the Oil Depletion Analysis Centre (ODAC) were taken over by its parent organisation, the New Economics Foundation (NEF).

History
The organisation was founded by Sarah Astor and Dr. Colin Campbell.  In his book Oil Crisis Campbell explains that the Astor family wanted to establish and provide funds for an institute to raise awareness on this issue of oil depletion and peak oil. The first director was Dr. Roger Bentley.

In 2004, ODAC sponsored Chris Skrebowski's report, called "Oil Field Megaprojects", which analysed data from 68 oil production projects.

In November 2005, ODAC published a report after conducting a survey led by Chris Skrebowski, which concluded that oil supply will not meet demand by 2007 or 2008.

In June 2007, a report authored by Colin Campbell predicted that peak oil would occur within four years.

David Strahan is an investigative journalist and documentary filmmaker, with many years experience of popularising some of the most difficult and important stories in business and science. He quit the BBC to spend two years researching and writing The Last Oil Shock: A Survival Guide to the Imminent Extinction of Petroleum Man, published by John Murray in April 2007 (pbk ).

References

External links
 ODAC Information site

Peak oil
Petroleum in the United Kingdom
Educational charities based in the United Kingdom
Organizations established in 2001
2001 establishments in the United Kingdom
Avtek. 

Avtek was a U.S. aircraft manufacturer established at Camarillo, California in 1982 by Robert Adickes, Robert Honeycutt and Quinten Ward with the intention of producing a business aircraft of composite construction, the Avtek 400. Foreign investment was obtained from firms in Denmark, Finland, Germany, and Japan.

In 1991, a European subsidiary, EuroAvtek was formed, jointly owned by Avtek, Per Udsen, and the government of Denmark, to oversee sales and marketing on the continent. Avtek filed for bankruptcy in 1998 without achieving type certification for the prototype. Its assets were purchased by Ward personally, who then formed the AvtekAir corporation to continue development.

References
 
 AvtekAir company website

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United States
Companies based in Ventura County, California
Companies established in 1982
1982 establishments in California
PVM (disambiguation). PVM can refer to:
Parallel Virtual Machine, a software tool for parallel networking of computers
Paged Virtual Memory, a memory addressing scheme that allows non-contiguous memory to be addressed as if it were contiguous
Party of the Vlachs of Macedonia, a political party representing the Aromanians (Vlachs) of North Macedonia
Player versus monsters, also known as player versus environment in computer games
Place Ville Marie, an office complex in Montreal
Proctor Valley Monster, an urban legend from Proctor Valley, east of San Diego, California 
Projection-valued measure, a type of measure used in functional analysis
Perfetti Van Melle, an Italian-Dutch manufacturer of confectionery and gum
Pro Virtute Medal, a South African military decoration for bravery
Professional video monitor, a type of CRT television set used in professional settings
Oxyper. Oxyper is a Solvay coated and stabilised sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate (or sodium percarbonate) which combines the properties of sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide.  It is an odorless, crystalline, white powder used, when dissolved in water, in cleaning and bleaching applications and as a beer keg and line cleaner.  It is a brand name of the Solvay S.A. Corporation, headquartered in Brussels.

External links
Sodium Percarbonates, Solvay Corporation website, retrieved 2012-12-14
Product Data Sheet, retrieved 2012-12-14

Household chemicals
Antiseptics
Bleaches
Pentode transistor. A pentode transistor is any transistor having five active terminals.

Early pentode transistors
One early pentode transistor was developed in the early 1950s as an improvement over the point-contact transistor.
A point-contact transistor having three emitters. It became obsolete in the middle 1950s.
Pentode field-effect transistors having 3 gates, similar to vacuum tube pentodes have also been described

Modern pentode transistors
Triple emitter transistor in three input transistor-transistor logic gates.
Triple collector transistor in three output integrated injection logic gates.
Field effect transistor having three gates.

References

Transistor types
Structured English. Structured English is the use of the English language with the syntax of structured programming to communicate the design of a computer program to non-technical users by breaking it down into logical steps using straightforward English words. Structured English gives aims to get the benefits of both the programming logic and natural language: program logic helps to attain precision, whilst natural language helps with the familiarity of the spoken word.

It is the basis of some programming languages such as SQL (Structured Query Language) "for use by people who have need for interaction with a large database but who are not trained programmers".

Elements 
Advanced English Structure is a limited-form "pseudocode" and consists of the following elements:
Operation statements written as English phrases executed from the top down
Conditional blocks indicated by keywords such as IF, THEN, and ELSE
Repetition blocks indicated by keywords such as DO, WHILE, and UNTIL

The following guidelines are used when writing Structured English:
All logic should be expressed in operational, conditional, and repetition blocks
Statements should be clear and unambiguous
Logical blocks should be indented to show relationship and hierarchy
Use one line per logical element, or indent the continuation line
Keywords should be capitalized
Group blocks of statements together, with a capitalized name that describes their function and end with an EXIT.
Underline words or phrases defined in a data dictionary.
Mark comment lines with an asterisk

Example of Structured English 
APPROVE LOAN
 IF customer has a Bank Account THEN
    IF Customer has no dues from previous account THEN
       Allow loan facility
    ELSE
       IF Management Approval is obtained THEN
          Allow loan facility
       ELSE
         Reject
       ENDIF
    ENDIF
 ELSE
    Reject
 ENDIF
 EXIT

Criticism
Though useful for planning programs, modules and routines, or describing algorithms it is less useful when numerous decisions need to be made.

Other specification tools 
System processes at a lower level involve lot of computations and require more precision and clarity. This can be achieved with tools such as decision trees or decision tables.

See also
Natural language programming
Self-documenting code
Structured programming
Pseudocode
Decision tree
Decision table
Controlled natural language

References

 
Algorithm description languages
Safe work procedure. The term safe work procedure (SWP) originated in Victoria, Australia, and is predominantly used as a risk management tool by industries throughout Australia, particularly in the mining sector. SWPs are also referred to using other terms, such as standard operating procedure (SOP). A safe work procedure is a step by step description of a process when deviation may cause a loss. This risk control document created by teams within the company describes the safest and most efficient way to perform a task. This document stays in the health & safety system for regular use as a template or guide when completing that particular task on site.

Requirements of safe work 

The document generally lists the associated hazards involved in performing a task, what risk score is associated with the hazards (using a risk matrix), what personal protective equipment is required, and the steps involved to complete the activity without incident.

The document is split up to meet the above requirements as follows;
Hazards
Inherent risk
Control measures
Residual risk

Each person involved in that task on site must ensure all sections of the SWP are followed.

Safe work procedures are also required for machinery and equipment that is used to perform commercial activities. The procedures are required to be enforced within the workplace and improved as conditions or equipment changes.

See also 
 Work method statement

External links
Worksafe Western Australia
Worksafe Victoria
Safety Culture - Safe Work Procedures

Occupational safety and health
Operating procedures
Micro lathe. A micro lathe (also styled micro-lathe or microlathe) is a machine tool used for the complex shaping of metal and other solid materials. Micro lathes are related to (full-sized) lathes but are distinguished by their small size and differing capabilities, application, use, and locations. Sometimes referred to as desktop lathes or table-top lathes, micro lathes can be comfortably used in areas where a full-sized lathe would be impractical.

Micro lathes are well suited for use in restricted spaces where heavy machining or high accuracy are not requirements.  Micro lathes find a place in homes, basements, and garages. As they are a popular tool for hobbyists, they are commonly sold through hobby catalogs and hobby websites. Micro lathes are preferred over larger lathes by some professionals, commonly locksmiths, jewelers, designers, and engineers for prototyping or fabrication work.

Despite a more available price point and lower rigidity than their larger counterparts, micro lathes still operate within the required tolerances of many tasks. This makes them particularly useful in applications where small precision pieces are needed for projects like miniature engines that require fine detail and mechanical accuracy.

Small ultra-precision and diamond turning lathes exist, but have little in common with a desktop-style micro lathe other than form factor.  The smallest CNC micro lathe was made by researchers at the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and Olympus Optical Co. It is 32 mm long, 25 mm wide, and 30.5 mm high, the lathe weighs just 100 grams. In test runs, the tiny lathe produced a brass needle 0.05 mm wide and 0.6 mm long and screws that are 0.05 mm thick.

Materials 
Micro lathes are not commonly used to cut wood.  Though accessories for woodcutting are available, a reduced work envelope limits the machine to small projects and increases difficulty.  A majority of micro lathes utilize a variable speed electric motor and are usually employed to turn metals such as iron, aluminum, copper, and titanium.  Delrin and other free-machining plastics can be effectively cut, but others (such as Acetate and PVC) require experience and specialized knowledge of machining, and are commonly found to be difficult to machine by micro lathe users who are not professional machinists.

References

Further reading 
 
Jeffree, Tony (2019). The Taig/Peatol Lathe. Pub Independently published:  

Lathes
Allen George Clark. Sir Allen George Clark (August 24, 1898 – June 30, 1962) was an American-born British industrialist who helped to build the Plessey company into one of Europe's largest manufacturers of telecommunications equipment, military electronics and aircraft components.

Early life
Allen George Clark was born in Brookline, Massachusetts in 1898. His father was Byron George Clark, an American businessman who worked for United Shoe Machinery (USM). In 1905, Clark and his parents emigrated to England. Following his education at Felsted School, Clark joined the British Army and was wounded at Cambrai in 1917. He later joined the Royal Flying Corps and served in Egypt. In 1927 he became a British citizen.

Career
Clark joined the Plessey company in 1921 when his father bought a share of the company. Plessey was a small engineering company based in Ilford, Essex. Throughout the 1920s and 30s, Clark along with the engineer William Oscar Heyne built Plessey into a large engineering company.

During World War II, Plessey made an outstanding contribution to the nation's war effort producing munitions, aircraft components and electronic equipment. Clark remained in charge of the company throughout these times.

After the war, Plessey continued to expand under the guidance of Clark. New products included industrial hydraulics, radar equipment, telecommunications equipment and semiconductors. In 1961 Plessey acquired the British Ericsson Telephones and AT&E companies, to become Britain's largest telecommunications equipment manufacturer.

Clark was awarded a knighthood in 1961.

Allen George Clark died from cancer in 1962. After his death, both of his sons, John Allen Clark and Michael William Clark, continued to play an important role in the management of Plessey.

References
 

People educated at Felsted School
British businesspeople in the armaments industry
American expatriates in the United Kingdom
Businesspeople from Brookline, Massachusetts
Plessey
1898 births
1962 deaths
Knights Bachelor
Businesspeople awarded knighthoods
Deaths from cancer in England
British Army personnel of World War I
20th-century British businesspeople
AIR (program). The AIR (Automated Image Registration) is a program suite for volume-based image registration constructed by Roger P. Woods from UCLA School of Medicine.
It reads and writes Analyze volume files and can work with 4x4 transformation matrices stored in its own file format with the filename extension .air.

It is especially designed for neuroimaging applications and has primarily been used in research-oriented functional neuroimaging with brain scans from positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance scanners.

The suite provides a number of programs for image registration with different transformation models, such as rigid-body, affine and nonlinear warping.
For example, for affine transformation the registration from one brain scan to another may be found with the alignlinear program and written to the special air-file that stores the transformation matrix.
The transformation may be inverted with the invert_air program and the volume may finally be resliced and interpolated with the reslice program.

External links
 Automated Image Registration — homepage for the fifth version of the program suite

Medical imaging
Neuroimaging software
Industrikraft Midt-Norge. Industrikraft Midt-Norge is a Norwegian energy company that holds a permit to build a thermal power plant fueled primarily by natural gas from Haltenbanken, but also partially from biofuel, at the Fiborgtangen industrial site in Levanger Municipality, Norway. The company is owned by Nord-Trøndelag Elektrisitetsverk, Trondheim Energi, Norske Skog and Statoil. Elkem has sold its ownership in the company.

The planned power plant would involve two generators producing a total of  of electricity, that would give an annual production of . About  of this is to be used as steam to power the paper mill Norske Skog Skogn that is collocated at Fiborgtangen. A construction of the plant would require a gas pipe to be built from the landing site at Tjeldbergodden in Møre og Romsdal up though Trondheimsfjord to Fiborgtangen. The company received a permit to start construction in 2001, and in 2006 the permit was extended to allow start-up of construction until 2012. As of 2007 no decision has been made to start construction.

Electric power companies of Norway
Natural gas companies of Norway
Companies based in Levanger
Nord-Trøndelag Elektrisitetsverk
Statkraft
Equinor
Norske Skog
Orkla ASA
Companies established in 1998
User Interface Privilege Isolation. User Interface Privilege Isolation (UIPI) is a technology introduced in Windows Vista and Windows Server 2008 to combat shatter attack exploits. By making use of Mandatory Integrity Control, it prevents processes with a lower "integrity level" (IL) from sending messages to higher IL processes (except for a very specific set of UI messages).

Window messages are designed to communicate user action to processes. However, they can be used to run arbitrary code in the receiving process' context. This could be used by a malicious low-privilege processes to run arbitrary code in the context of a higher-privilege process, which constitutes an unauthorized privilege escalation. By restricting the ability of lower-privileged processes to send window messages to higher-privileged processes, UIPI can mitigate these kinds of attacks.

UIPI, and Mandatory Integrity Control more generally, is a security feature but not a security boundary. 

Microsoft Office 2010 uses UIPI for its Protected View sandbox to prohibit potentially unsafe documents from modifying components, files, and other resources on a system.

References

Windows Vista
Microsoft Windows security technology
Paolo Magrassi. Paolo Magrassi is an Italian technologist known as one of the authors of the Supranet concept, the co-creator of the AlphaIC methodology for assessing the value of information technology expenditures, and the manager of the Pontifex project, which in the mid-1980s introduced a novel approach to complex fleet scheduling. 

In the early 2000s, Magrassi also was instrumental in introducing to the industrial and business world then-emerging miniature RFID and internet of things  technologies such as those proposed by the MIT's Auto-ID Center.

He also published several books, including The Caricature Of A Revolution (2012), Digitalmente confusi (2011), La good-enough society (2010), Difendersi dalla complessità (2009), Il filo conduttore  (2006), 2015 Weekend nel futuro (2005), A World Of Smart Objects (2002).

References

External links 
 Homepage

Living people
People in information technology
1954 births
21st-century Italian scientists
Ajax Engines. Ajax is a brand of integral engine / compressor manufactured by the original equipment manufacturer, Cooper Machinery Services ). Ajax is the oldest continuous engine product line manufactured in the United States and has been utilized in the oil and gas industry for 130+ years.
Ajax integral engine-compressors are gas compressors with built-in reciprocating engines. Their compact design and gas drive make them useful for field installation and work.

History
The Ajax Iron Works started in 1877 in Corry, Pennsylvania, manufacturing steam engines. In 1895, the company added gas engines to its product line, and would continue to manufacture gas and steam until the latter was discontinued following World War II. Starting in 1946, Ajax gas engines became a primary product utilized by oil and gas companies. In 1958, the first Ajax integral engine / compressor was manufactured and was specifically designed for field gas gathering applications. It was a DPC 230 and was soon followed by a complete line of Ajax integral engine-compressors from 30-360 horsepower.  In 1963, the company was bought by the Cooper Cameron Corporation (Cameron). In response to demand for a larger Ajax, the DPC 600 was introduced in 1976. This was followed by the DPC 800 in 1984. Cooper Machinery Services is the current original equipment manufacturer for Ajax engines and compressors.

Today
In the 1990s, the Ajax DPC 2200 series and the DPC 2800 series were created and are still manufactured today. Cooper Machinery Services is the current original equipment manufacturer for AJAX engines.

References

External links
Cooper Ajax Overview

Engines
Gas compressors
Visual Intercept. Visual Intercept is a Microsoft Windows based software defect tracking system produced by Elsinore Technologies Inc.  Visual Intercept was actively sold from 1995 until early 2006 when it was integrated as a single solution in the broader IssueNet Intercept issue management system, also produced by Elsinore Technologies Inc.

Version History 
1.x
Intercept 1.0 was released in 1996. In 1998 the product line was expanded to include Intercept Relay for beta testers, Intercept SDK for integrations, and Intercept Web for Web Access. One of the distinguishing features of early versions of Intercept was its integration to Microsoft Visual SourceSafe.

2.x
Version 2.0 released in 2000 provided major and minor enhancements to all products in the Intercept product line. In addition to enhancements to existing capabilities Intercept 2.0 introduced integration to Visual Studio and VBA (Visual Basic for Applications) integration for implementing custom workflow rules. In the 2.0 time frame Elsinore Technologies also released Visual Intercept Project and integration to the products in the Microsoft Office suite. Visual Intercept Project was designed to help project managers dynamically update project plans by integrating them with the real time issue management data captured and tracked in Visual Intercept.

3.x
In 2002 Elsinore Technologies released Visual Intercept 3.0. The 3.0 release focused on updating the functionality of Visual Intercept Web and Web Relay to match the desktop suite and integrations to Visual Studio and Microsoft Office. After the initial release of version 3.0, Elsinore continued to release major enhancements to the 3.0 version in services releases as it completed its IssueNet platform which would serve as the software platform for version 4.0.

See also 

 IssueNet

References

Business software
Bug and issue tracking software
Aerodrome (disambiguation). An aerodrome is any place at which flight operations take place. In British English, it refers chiefly to a small airport or airfield.

Aerodrome or airdrome may refer to:

Aviation

Aerodromes, various heavier-than-air flying machines, including those built by the Canadian Aerial Experiment Association
Langley Aerodrome, a pioneering but unsuccessful series of powered flying machines designed at the close of the 19th century by Smithsonian Institution Secretary Samuel Langley
 Terminal aerodrome forecast, an international format for reporting aviation weather forecast information

Brands and enterprises
 Aerodrome, an ice-skating rink in Houston, Texas
The Aerodrome (nightclub), a former nightclub in Schenectady, New York
 Airdrome, Richard and Maurice McDonald's first food venture, a hotdog stand in Monrovia, California, before moving the entire building to San Bernardino in 1940 and renaming it McDonald's

Other uses
 The Aerodrome, a 1941 novel by Rex Warner
 The Aerodrome (film), a 1983 TV film
Society of Licensed Aircraft Engineers and Technologists. The Society of Licensed Aircraft Engineers and Technologists (SLAET), which was founded as the Society of Licensed Aircraft Engineers (SLAE), was incorporated into the Royal Aeronautical Society in 1987.

Members are automatically eligible to transfer their membership to the RAeS.

Post-nominals
MSLAE - Member of the Society of Licensed Aircraft Engineers
MSLAET - Member of the Society of Licensed Aircraft Engineers and Technologists

References

Licensed Aircraft Engineers