omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Aerosport Rail. The Aerosport Rail is an American minimalist ultralight aircraft, designed by Harris Woods and built by Aerosport Inc. The aircraft was first flown on 14 November 1970.

Design and development
The Rail is little more than a 2 by 5 inch squared aluminium tube (rail) with all-metal wings and a T-tail.  The pilot sits on the tube, just ahead of and above the wings. Two small two-cycle engines derated to  are mounted on struts behind the seat on either side of centerline, driving pusher propellers. Individual  fiberglass fuel tanks are mounted in front of each engine. About 175 sets of plans were sold between 1970 and 1977. The follow-on design, the Aerosport Quail uses the Rail's wing design for an enclosed tractor configuration homebuilt aircraft.

Specifications

See also

References

 
 Aerofiles
The FLYING RAIL: A Twin-Engine Pusher You Can Build, by Ben Kocivar,  Popular Science, Oct. 1971, pp. 55 ff.

Rail
Homebuilt aircraft
1970s United States ultralight aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Twin piston-engined pusher aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1970
T-tail aircraft
Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear
Aerosport-Rockwell LB600. 
The Aerosport-Rockwell LB600 was a two-cylinder, two-stroke, air-cooled, horizontally opposed engine intended to power ultralights. It was developed in partnership by Aerosport and Rockwell International, based on a Rockwell-designed JLO snowmobile engine.

Specifications

Applications
 Aerosport Rail
 Calvel Frelon
 PDQ Aircraft PDQ-2
 Thor Duster

References
 Erikson, Jack. Horizontally Opposed Piston Aero Engines

Boxer engines
1970s aircraft piston engines
Aerosport Scamp.  

The Aerosport Scamp A is a small biplane designed for home building by Harris Woods.  It featured an open cabin, tricycle undercarriage, and a T-tail.

The Scamp A first flew on August 21 1973, powered by an 1853 cc Volkswagen car engine.   1,050 sets of plans had sold by 1993. In addition to the many examples which have been completed in the United States, several examples of the type are active in the United Kingdom.

The Agrocopteros Scamp B is an agricultural crop spraying version of the Scamp, modified from kits assembled in Colombia.

Specifications (Scamp A)

See also

References

External links

 

Scamp
1970s United States civil utility aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1973
USAFE Warrior Preparation Center. The United States Air Forces in Europe and Air Forces Africa (USAFE-AFAFRICA) Warfare Center is located at Einsiedlerhof Air Station, Germany (near Ramstein Air Base). It provides combat readiness training for USAFE forces with advanced simulation software.

The center's mission is to provide combat readiness training for United States Air Forces Europe (USAFE) forces.  The center supports Tier 1 through Tier 4 training  (Strategic through Tactical) via the Distributed Training Center connecting with other bases throughout the world.  These missions are accomplished with advanced simulation software.

History
The USAFE Warrior Preparation Center was founded in 1983 by Colonel "Moody" Suter, who also developed the Air Force's Red Flag exercises, at Einsiedlerhof Air Station, Germany.  Originally designed to train USAFE forces, in 2009 it expanded to include training for Air Forces Africa.

In November 2017, the center added the Joint Terminal Attack Controller (JTAC) domed simulator to its systems. The simulator is designed to support training for JTACs in the performance of terminal control, terminal guidance, close air support, and joint fires operations training.  The simulator uses multiple 4K projectors to display a 270 degree field of view for the JTACs. They use emulated binoculars, night vision devices, and M4 carbine during their training.  The center plans to use the simulator in future large scale exercises including Spartan Eagle Exercises that include airmen stationed stateside.

In September 2016 the other units of the 86th Mission Support Group included the 86th Communications Squadron, 700th Contracting Squadron, 86th Security Forces Squadron, 569th U.S. Forces Police Squadron, the 86th and 786th Force Support Squadrons, the Deployment Transition Center, the 2nd Air Postal Squadron and the Airman Leadership School.

Lineage
 Constituted as the United States Air Forces in Europe Warrior Preparation Center on 12 August 1983
 Activated on 18 August 1983

Stations
 Einsiedlerhof Air Station, 18 August 1983 – present

Assignments
 86th Combat Support Group, 18 August 1983
 377th Combat Support Wing, 14 June 1985
 86th Support Group (later 86th Mission Support Group), 1 May 1991
 435th Air Base Wing, 15 January 2004
 86th Mission Support Group, 16 July 2009 – present

References

Notes

External links
Einsiedlerhof Air Station

Centers of the United States Air Force
Training units of the United States Air Force
Military units and formations established in 1983
Aerosport Woody Pusher. 

The Aerosport Woody Pusher is a two-seat parasol wing monoplane designed for home building by Harris Woods, based closely on the Curtiss Junior. First marketed in the 1960s, at least 27 were flying by 1980.

One is on display at the Wings Over the Rockies Air and Space Museum, Denver, Colorado, with a 75-hp Continental engine (No. N393EA). Another, N100FQ, is displayed at the Florida Air Museum, Lakeland, Florida.

Specifications

See also
Curtiss-Wright Junior

References

 
 
 Sun 'n Fun Museum website

Woody Pusher
1960s United States civil utility aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Parasol-wing aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
The Shapes Project. Six Shapes from The Shapes Project

The Shapes Project is a combinatorial system designed by the American artist Allan McCollum, in 2005-2006, to produce unique two-dimensional "shapes." The system allows for the making of enough unique shapes for every person on the planet to have one of their own. It also allows the shapes to be kept track of in such a way as to ensure that no two will ever be alike.

Following the present rate of birth, it is generally estimated that the world population will grow until it "peaks" in the middle of the present century, and then possibly begin to decline. How many people will be alive at this peak are estimated at between 8 billion and 20 billion people, depending upon what factors are considered and who is doing the considering. The most recent estimate published by the United Nations puts the figure at around 9.2 billion in the year 2050.

To make certain that the system will be able to accommodate everyone, it has been organized to produce over 31,000,000,000 different shapes, which is more than the highest population estimates might require.

Shape, from The Shapes Project, carved from Corian, with CNC milling equipment.For the time being, the potential for producing around 214,000,000 of the shapes have been set aside for creative experimentation. These can be used for many different purposes—not only for fine art and design projects, but also for various social practices: as gifts, awards, identity markers, emblems, insignias, logos, toys, souvenirs, educational games, and so forth.

So far, only home computers have been used to construct Adobe Illustrator vector graphics files that allow the shapes to be produced in many possible ways. The shapes can be printed graphically as silhouettes or outlines, in any size, color or texture, using all varieties of graphics software; or, the files can be used by rapid prototyping machines and computer-numerically-controlled (CNC) equipment—such as routers, laser cutters and waterjet cutters—to build, carve, or cut the shapes from wood, plastic, metal, stone, and other materials.

The basic system for making the shapes has been completed, but the project of actually constructing all of them is much too large for any one person to finish in any single person's lifetime. For this reason, the project has been organized in such a way that others may continue completing them in the artist's absence. The shapes are also being made available to others, with the hope that people will come up with many interesting ways to use them.

In 2007, The Museum of Modern Art acquired 432 of the "Shapes" for its permanent collection.

Notes

External links
Information on the Shapes Project
An informational website on the artist: http://allanmccollum.net

Contemporary works of art
American contemporary art
Aerotec A-122 Uirapuru. The Aerotec A-122 Uirapuru was a Brazilian military trainer aircraft. It was a low-wing monoplane with tricycle undercarriage that accommodated the pilot and instructor side-by-side. It first flew on 2 June 1965.

Design and development
In October 1967, the Brazilian Air Force ordered 30 aircraft to replace the obsolete Fokker S.11s and S.12s (T-21s and T-22s) that were operating in the Air Force Academy. Later, they ordered another 40, and then 30 more.  These were designated T-23.

The Bolivian Air Force ordered 36 examples in 1974, which flew until 1997, and in 1975 the Paraguayan Air Force bought eight aircraft to replace the Fokker T-21 (S.11). In 1986, six more were donated by the FAB. Most of them were withdrawn from service in 1992, replaced by the Enaer T-35 Pillán. As of 2009, only one T-23 is in flying conditions. Thirty others were sold in the civilian market.

A total of 155 were built including prototypes by the time production finished in 1977.

The T-23 suffered fatal accidents during spin training. The problem was solved after a crash in which an instructor described his stricken aircraft's responses to his control inputs all the way to the end.  Uirapurus then received a ventral fin under the rear fuselage to correct the issue.

In 1980 interest by the airforce in an improved version led to the development of the Uirapuru II, later known as the A-132 Tangará.

Variants
 A-122A Uirapuru – T-23 – Military trainer
 A-122B Uirapuru – Civil version
 A-122C Uirapuru – T-23C 
 A-132 Uirapuru II – enlarged version with improved canopy and larger vertical tail surfaces.

Operators

 Bolivian Air Force – 18 A-122A purchased in 1974.

 Brazilian Air Force

 Paraguayan Air Force  –  14 aircraft (8 in 1975 and 6 in 1986)
 Escuela Nacional de Aeronáutica Civil  –  1 aircraft (early 70s)

Specifications (T-23)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 
 

Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
1960s Brazilian military trainer aircraft
1960s Brazilian civil trainer aircraft
Uirapuru
Aircraft first flown in 1965
Single-engined piston aircraft
Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear
Aerotec A-132 Tangará. The Aerotec A-132 Tangará (originally the Uirapuru II) was a Brazilian military trainer aircraft developed from the A-122 Uirapuru of the 1960s.

Design and development
The A-132 Tangará was developed in response to a request from the Brazilian Air Force. Compared to its predecessor, the Uirapuru II had a longer fuselage, greater wingspan, larger fin, more powerful engine, and a redesigned, flat-sided fuselage. A similar aircraft with a less powerful engine was planned for the civil market. The prototype first flew on 26 February 1981.

The Air Force originally had the intention to order 100 units but after a decision that the primary trainer should have tandem seats, the project was abandoned. The only orders came from the Bolivian Air Force, which ordered 6 units in 1986 and flew them until 1992. The prototype was given to the Air Force Technical Institute in 1990 where it was used for tests until 2004. It was then passed on to the Aeroclube de Sao Jose dos Campos, where it was flying with experimental restrictions, with a  engine from a Socata ST-10 Diplomate.

Variants
 A-132A – Military trainer
 A-132B – Civil version (planned)

Operators
 
 Bolivian Air Force

Specifications (prototype)

See also

References

 Tayor, John W. R., and Munson Kenneth. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1981–1982 edition, London: Jane's Publishing Company Limited,1981 

  
 

1980s Brazilian military trainer aircraft
Tangara
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1981
Single-engined piston aircraft
List of longest cantilever bridge spans. This list of cantilever bridges ranks the world's cantilever bridges by the length of their main span. A cantilever bridge is a bridge built using cantilevers: structures that project horizontally into space, supported on only one end.

Completed cantilever bridges
This list only includes bridges that carry automobiles or trains. It
does not include suspension bridges, cable-stayed bridges, footbridges or pipeline bridges. The span must be 750 feet (229 m) or over to be included in the list.
 Note: Click on each bridge's rank to go to the bridge's website. The list may be incomplete. Sourced additions are welcomed.

See also
 List of cantilever bridges
 List of spans

References

List
Cantilever bridges
Cantilever bridges
Bridges, cantilever
Lists of construction records
Bridges, cantilever
Atomistix ToolKit. QuantumATK (formerly Atomistix ToolKit or ATK) is a commercial software for atomic-scale modeling and simulation of nanosystems. The software was originally developed by Atomistix A/S, and was later acquired by QuantumWise following the Atomistix bankruptcy. QuantumWise was then acquired by Synopsys in 2017.

Atomistix ToolKit is a further development of TranSIESTA-C, which in turn in based on the technology, models, and algorithms developed in the academic codes TranSIESTA, and McDCal, employing localized basis sets as developed in SIESTA.

Features 
Atomistix ToolKit combines density functional theory with non-equilibrium Green's functions for first principles electronic structure and transport calculations of 
electrode—nanostructure—electrode systems (two-probe systems)
molecules
periodic systems (bulk crystals and nanotubes)

The key features are
Calculation of transport properties of two-probe systems under an applied bias voltage
Calculation of energy spectra, wave functions, electron densities, atomic forces, effective potentials etc.
Calculation of spin-polarized physical properties
Geometry optimization
A Python-based NanoLanguage scripting environment

See also 
Atomistix Virtual NanoLab — a graphical user interface
NanoLanguage
Atomistix
Quantum chemistry computer programs
Molecular mechanics programs

References

External links 
 QuantumWise web site

Nanotechnology companies
Computational science
Computational chemistry software
Physics software
Density functional theory software
Computational physics
NanoLanguage. NanoLanguage is a scripting interface built on top of the interpreted programming language Python, and is primarily intended for simulation of physical and chemical properties of nanoscale systems.

Introduction 
Over the years, several electronic-structure codes based on density functional theory have been developed by different groups of academic researchers; VASP, Abinit, SIESTA, and Gaussian are just a few examples. The input to these programs is usually a simple text file written in a code-specific format with a set of code-specific keywords.

NanoLanguage was introduced by Atomistix A/S as an interface to Atomistix ToolKit (version 2.1) in order to provide a more flexible input format. A NanoLanguage script (or input file) is just a Python program and can be anything from a few lines to a script performing complex numerical simulations, communicating with other scripts and files, and communicating with other software (e.g. plotting programs). 
NanoLanguage is not a proprietary product of Atomistix and can be used as an interface to other density functional theory codes as well as to codes utilizing e.g. tight-binding, k.p, or quantum-chemical methods.

Features 
Built on top of Python, NanoLanguage includes the same functionality as Python and with the same syntax. Hence, NanoLanguage contains, among other features, common programming elements (for loops, if statements, etc.), mathematical functions, and data arrays.

In addition, a number of concepts and objects relevant to quantum chemistry and physics are built into NanoLanguage, e.g. a periodic table, a unit system (including both SI units and atomic units like Ångström), constructors of atomic geometries, and different functions for density-functional theory and transport calculations.

Example 
This NanoLanguage script uses the Kohn–Sham method to calculate the total energy of a water molecule as a function of the bending angle.

# Define function for molecule setup
def waterConfiguration(angle, bondLength):
    from math import sin, cos

    theta = angle.inUnitsOf(radians)
    positions = [
        (0.0, 0.0, 0.0) * Angstrom,
        (1.0, 0.0, 0.0) * bondLength,
        (cos(theta), sin(theta), 0.0) * bondLength,
    ]
    elements = [Oxygen] + [Hydrogen] * 2

    return MoleculeConfiguration(elements, positions)

# Choose DFT method with default arguments
method = KohnShamMethod()

# Scan different bending angles and calculate the total energy
for i in range(30, 181, 10):
    theta = i * degrees
    h2o = waterConfiguration(theta, 0.958 * Angstrom)
    scf = method.apply(h2o)
    print "Angle = ", theta, " Total Energy = ", calculateTotalEnergy(scf)

See also
 List of software for nanostructures modeling

References 

Nanotechnology
Computational science
Computational chemistry software
Physics software
David Jiles. David Collingwood Jiles FInstP FIEE FIET FIMA FIMMM FLSW (born 28 September 1953) is the Anson Marston Distinguished Professor of Engineering and holder of the Palmer Endowed Department Chair in Electrical and Computer Engineering at Iowa State University.

Career
Born in London, Jiles received a BSc from the University of Exeter (1975), followed by a MSc from the University of Birmingham (1976), a PhD from the University of Hull (1979), and a DSc from the University of Birmingham (1990). Jiles was formerly Professor of Magnetics at Cardiff University and the director of the Wolfson Centre for Magnetics there from 2005 to 2010.  Prior to that, he had been at Iowa State as Anson Marston Distinguished Professor of Engineering. Jiles was named a Jefferson Fellow at the United States Department of State in January 2016, a post that is set to begin in August and last for one year.

Honors
He has been the editor-in-chief of IEEE Transactions on Magnetics since 2005. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, the  Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, the Institution of Electrical Engineers, the Institute of Physics, the Institute of Materials, the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications, the Magnetics Society, and the Royal Academy of Engineering. He was elected a Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales in 2016.

Personal
He raised money for United Way of America's Story County branch with a blindfolded chess tournament in 2013.

Publications

Books
Introduction to Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,  London and New York: Chapman and Hall Publishers,. (in 535 libraries according to WorldCat)    1st edition 1991.  2nd edition 1998.
Review, Choice, v29 n05  
Introduction to the Electronic Properties of Materials,   London and New York: Chapman and Hall Publishers,. First edition 1994. Second edition 2001.
Introduction to the Principles of Materials Evaluation,  Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, 2007.

See also
Jiles–Atherton model

References

External links
Faculty profile at Iowa State

Living people
Iowa State University faculty
British expatriate academics in the United States
British electronics engineers
Alumni of the University of Exeter
Alumni of the University of Birmingham
Alumni of the University of Hull
Academics of Cardiff University
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
Fellows of the Institute of Physics
Fellows of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Fellows of the IEEE
Fellows of the Institution of Electrical Engineers
1953 births
Fellows of the Learned Society of Wales
Sunbeam Dyak. The Sunbeam Dyak was a British inline six-cylinder, water-cooled, twin updraft carburettor engine.

It had an aluminium sump, block and cylinder head, and is an overhead camshaft design with two valves per cylinder. The output was approximately 106 horsepower (79 kW). The engine was started by turning a geared crank handle in the cockpit. The diesel-powered Sunbeam Pathan was developed from this engine.

The first Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services (QANTAS) aircraft in Australia (an Avro 504K) was fitted with a Sunbeam Dyak engine by the Australian Aircraft & Engineering Co. Ltd. in Mascot, New South Wales.

Specifications (Dyak)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 Lumsden, Alec. British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. .

External links

 

Dyak
1910s aircraft piston engines
Fleet Canada. Fleet Canada Inc., the successor to the Fleet Aerospace Inc division of Magellan Aerospace Inc, is a manufacturer of aerospace structures, component parts, and assemblies to approved design data. It is located in Fort Erie, Ontario, Canada, where it has operated from the same site for more than 85 years, during which the facility has grown to over . Capabilities include tooling, detail fabrication, bonding, and finishing, chemical processing, heat treating, and NDT (LPI).

Established in 2006, Fleet Canada Inc. has not been affiliated with Magellan Aerospace Inc since the closure of Fleet Aircraft in 2003.

History 
The company was formed in 2006, but its history can be traced back to Reuben Fleet, who commenced manufacturing operations of Fleet Aircraft on March 23, 1930. A state-of-the-art facility for the day, the plant promptly began turning out complete aircraft for military and civilian training. By 1938, Fleet had enlarged the factory to ten times its original size and the Fleet Finch Trainer had become the primary training aircraft for the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan. After the war, Fleet produced a successful light civilian 2-seater, the Fleet Canuck. The making of complete aircraft ceased in the early 1950s and the manufacture of quality structural components became the core business.

Clients

Fleet Canada's products are sold to various aerospace clients:

 Boeing — parts used for CH — 47 Chinook Helicopter
 Bombardier Aerospace — parts used for Bombardier Q series
 Viking Air — parts used for Twin Otter 400 Series
 DeHavilland Aircraft Canada — parts used for CL-215, CL-415 & DHC-515 Waterbombers

Products

 Tail Boom for helicopters
 Airframe structural assemblies
 Longerons/Stringers
 Bulkheads
 Floor Panels
 Airframe structural assemblies
 Rib Doubler

References

External links 
 Fleet Canada Inc website

Aerospace companies of Canada
Aircraft manufacturers of Canada
Companies based in Ontario
Manufacturing companies established in 2006