omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Peace Bridge (Foyle). The Peace Bridge is a cycle and foot bridge across the River Foyle in Derry, Northern Ireland. It opened on 25 June 2011, connecting Ebrington Square with the rest of the city centre. It is the second most recent of four bridges in the city, the others being the Craigavon Bridge and the Foyle Bridge and more recently the Pennyburn Bridge. The  bridge was designed by AECOM, who also designed the Sutong Yangtze River Bridge, and Wilkinson Eyre Architects, who also designed the Gateshead Millennium Bridge.

The bridge was opened to the public by EU Commissioner for Regional Policy, Johannes Hahn; accompanied by the First and deputy First Ministers, Peter Robinson and Martin McGuinness;  and the Irish Taoiseach Enda Kenny. It is intended to improve relations between the largely unionist Waterside on the east bank with the largely nationalist Cityside on the west bank, by improving access between these areas, as part of wider regeneration plans. The bridge also provides a crossing over the railway line approaching Waterside station. The asymmetrical bridge, which is  long and  metre wide, is supported by two sloping pillars and symbolises a coming-together of the two communities. Its curved footpath, track and cycleway link the Guildhall, in the centre of the city, with Ebrington Square in the Waterside area, and St. Columb's Park.

Funding
The bridge was funded jointly by the Department for Social Development (NI), the Department of the Environment, Community and Local Government along with matching funding, totalling £14 million, from the SEUPB Peace III programme.

References

2011 establishments in Northern Ireland
Bridges in Northern Ireland
Bridges completed in 2011
Buildings and structures in Derry (city)
Tourist attractions in Derry (city)
Pedestrian bridges in Northern Ireland
Cable-stayed bridges in Ireland
Derry (city)
Cyclist bridges in the United Kingdom
21st-century architecture in Northern Ireland
Meadowcroft Chinook. The Meadowcroft Chinook is a two-seat mid-winged American homebuilt aircraft design first flown in 1958.

Development
The Chinook was designed for maximum stability on the ground and the air with a roomy cockpit.

Design
The wing was patterned from the Ace Baby Ace homebuilt. The aircraft is a tricycle geared side-by-side seat mid-winged aircraft with a steeply raked windscreen. Each wing is braced with two small wing struts attached to the lower fuselage. The low rudder is capped with a strut braced horizontal stabilizer in a T-tail arrangement. The main gear is sourced from a Cessna 140. The aircraft can be reconfigured to be towed on its main gear by a vehicle.

Specifications (Meadowcroft Chinook)

References

Homebuilt aircraft
Patricia Daniels. Patricia D. Daniels is an American engineering educator known for her work on educational accreditation. She is a professor emerita of electrical and computer engineering at Seattle University, and an affiliate professor of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Washington.

Education and career
Daniels is a graduate of the University of California, Berkeley, majoring in electrical engineering and computer science, and she also earned her PhD from UC Berkeley.

At Seattle University, she chaired the department of electrical and computer engineering, and became associate dean of science and engineering. She has also worked in industry, for The Aerospace Corporation, the Aerospace Electrical Division of the Westinghouse Electric Corporation, and Boeing, and as a program director for undergraduate education at the National Science Foundation.

She has served as chair of the Electrical and Computer Engineering Division of the American Society for Engineering Education, and chaired the Engineering Accreditation Commission of ABET for 2003–2004.

Recognition
Daniels won the IEEE Education Society Edwin C. Jones Meritorious Service Award in 1994, the IEEE Education Society Harriet B. Rigas Award for "significant contributions to electrical and computer engineering education" in 1997, and the ECE Division Distinguished Educator Award of the American Society for Engineering Education in 2012.

She was named a Fellow of the IEEE in 1997, "for contributions to engineering education", and was named a fellow of ABET in 2006.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American electrical engineers
Engineering educators
21st-century American women engineers
21st-century American engineers
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Seattle University faculty
Fellows of the IEEE
Jeffrey Uhlmann. Jeffrey K. Uhlmann is an American research scientist who is probably best known for his mathematical generalizations of the Kalman filter. Most of his publications and patents have been in the field of data fusion. He is also known for being a cult filmmaker and former recording artist.

Dr. Uhlmann is ranked in the top 2% among scientists worldwide in the Stanford University listing of most-cited researchers.

Biography
Uhlmann has degrees in philosophy, computer science, and a doctorate in robotics from the University of Oxford. He began work in 1987 at NRL's Laboratory for Computational Physics and Fluid Dynamics in Washington, DC, and remained at NRL until 2000. Since 2000 he has been a professor of computer science at the University of Missouri.

He served for ten years as a co-founding member of the editorial board of the ACM Journal of Experimental Algorithmics (1995–2006) before becoming co-editor of the Synthesis Lectures on Quantum Computing series for Morgan & Claypool.

Theoretical Research
Uhlmann published seminal papers on volumetric, spatial, and metric tree data structures and their applications for computer graphics, virtual reality, and multiple-target tracking. He originated the unscented transform (and its use in the unscented Kalman filter) and the data fusion techniques of covariance intersection and covariance union.

His work in artificial intelligence has recently focused on tensor-completion methods for recommender system applications.

Applied Results
Uhlmann's results are widely-applied in tracking, navigation, and control systems, including for the NASA Mars rover program. His results relating to the constrained shortest path problem and simultaneous localization and mapping are also used in rover and autonomous vehicle applications.

Films 
Uhlmann has written, directed, produced, and/or acted in several prominent short and feature-length films. Notable examples include the animated short film Susan's Big Day and the feature films Mil Mascaras vs. the Aztec Mummy, Academy of Doom, and Aztec Revenge. In recent years he has been a popular invited guest at international genre film festivals.

Music
Uhlmann recorded and released a series of albums in the 1970s and 1980s. Some of his early experimental electronic albums have been reissued in their entirety on CD or digital download while his arguably better-known songs are only available on CD compilations.

References

External links
 Research page
 Synthesis Lectures on Quantum Computing
 

American roboticists
American computer scientists
21st-century American engineers
American ambient musicians
American experimental musicians
American film producers
American male film actors
American male screenwriters
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American screenwriters
21st-century American male writers
Tumalo Irrigation Project. The Tumalo Irrigation Project was a privately funded corporation begun to provide water to late-19th century farms in the area of Tumalo Creek, Oregon. The Three Sisters Irrigation Company and its successors owned and managed the project, under the provisions of the Carey Act. Controversy arose when corporate investors engaged in land speculation rather than irrigation construction. In 1912, during the administration of Governor Oswald West, the state of Oregon assumed control of the project. By 1913 the work was terminated and the work camp abandoned.

References

Further reading
Winch, Martin. “Tumalo—Thirsty Land.” Oregon Historical Quarterly 84, 85, 86, 1984-1986.

External links

Historic American Engineering Record in Oregon
History of Oregon
Deschutes County, Oregon
Irrigation projects
Thermal hydrolysis. Thermal hydrolysis is a process used for treating industrial waste, municipal solid waste and sewage sludge.

Description
Thermal hydrolysis is a two-stage process combining high-pressure boiling of waste or sludge followed by a rapid decompression. This combined action sterilizes the sludge and makes it more biodegradable, which improves digestion performance. Sterilization destroys pathogens in the sludge resulting in it exceeding the stringent requirements for land application (agriculture).

In addition, the treatment adjusts the rheology to such an extent that loading rates to sludge anaerobic digesters can be doubled, and also dewaterability of the sludge is significantly improved. The first full-scale application of this process for sewage sludge was installed in Hamar, Norway in 1996. Since then, there have been over 30 additional installations globally.

Commercial application at a sewage treatment plant 
Sewage treatment plants, such as Blue Plains in Washington, D.C., USA, have adopted thermal hydrolysis of sewage sludge in order to produce commercially valuable products (such as electricity and high quality biosolid fertilizers) out of the wastewater. The full-scale commercial application of thermal hydrolysis enables the plant to utilize the solids portion of the wastewater to make power and fine fertilizer directly from sewage waste.

Municipal waste-to-fuel application
The city of Oslo, Norway installed a system for converting domestic food waste to fuel in 2012. A thermal hydrolysis system produces biogas from the food waste, which provides fuel for the city bus system and is also used for agricultural fertilizer.

30 largest thermal hydrolysis plants

See also
 List of waste-water treatment technologies

References

Further reading

External links

Biodegradable waste management
Biofuels technology
Chemical reactions
Equilibrium chemistry
Sewerage
Ashawna Hailey. Ashawna Hailey (October 8, 1949 – October 14, 2011) was an American computer scientist and philanthropist. She was among the creators of  the HSPICE program (a commercialized version of SPICE), which many electronic design companies worldwide use to simulate the electronic circuits.  Her company, Meta-Software, which was behind the commercialization of SPICE, produced compound annual growth rate in excess of 25–30 percent every year for 18 years, and had eventually become part of Synopsys, which calls HSPICE "the 'gold standard' for accurate circuit simulation".

Early life and education
Hailey attended Texas Tech University along with her twin brother, Kim Hailey, starting her first company while still in college.

Career
In 1973, Hailey was part of the team who  created Advanced Micro Devices' first microprocessor, the Am9080, by reverse-engineering Intel 8080, and in 1974, AMD's first nonvolatile memory, the 2702 2048-bit EPROM.  Earlier, she, with others,  built the launch sequencer for the Sprint Anti-Ballistic Missile System for Martin Marietta.

As a philanthropist, Hailey sought to reform government policies on recreational drugs.  During her life she donated to the ACLU Foundation, Code Pink, the Drug Policy Alliance, Feeding America, Rainforest Action Network, Law Enforcement Against Prohibition, the Marijuana Policy Project, Erowid, the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS), and served
on the board of MAPS.

Legacy
After Hailey's death she left a US$10-Million bequest shared between MAPS, the ACLU, Drug Policy Alliance, Marijuana Policy Project, and Second Harvest Food Bank.  In what its board considered a fitting tribute to Hailey, the Marijuana Policy Project dedicated a million dollars of her bequest to the initiative that for the first time enabled voters to legalize marijuana for recreational use in Colorado. Throughout 2010 until her death, Ashawna provided seed funding to Wild Willpower PAC.

References 

1949 births
2011 deaths
20th-century American philanthropists
20th-century American LGBTQ people
20th-century American women scientists
American transgender women
American LGBTQ scientists
Transgender scientists
AMD people
LGBTQ people from Texas
American women computer scientists
American computer scientists
People from Lubbock, Texas
Scientists from Texas
Texas Tech University alumni
20th-century American women philanthropists
Manuel Hawk. The Manuel Hawk was a homebuilt single-seat  glider designed and constructed in the UK around 1970.  Only one example was flown.

Design and development

W. L. "Bill" Manuel, who had designed and built a glider as early as 1929 and was later responsible for the Willow Wren, designed the Hawk during his retirement.  It was a single-seat aircraft intended for soaring in weak thermals. He built the Hawk himself during 1968 and 1969 before taking it to the College of Aeronautics at Cranfield for structural analysis.

The Hawk was an all-wood, cantilever shoulder wing monoplane.  The centre section of the three-piece wing was of constant chord and fitted with parallel-ruler type, upper surface airbrakes positioned at 28.26% of the half-span and at 42% chord. The outer panels were tapered with rounded tips and carried the ailerons.  The wing had an angle of incidence of 3° and the outer panels had 3° of dihedral. Structurally, the wings had a spruce main spar at 33% chord with a plywood-covered torsion box ahead of it and fabric covering aft.

The fuselage was a semi-monocoque spruce structure with plywood covering.  The fin was also plywood-covered, carrying a fabric-covered rudder which reached from the underside of the T-tail to the bottom of the fuselage.  The fixed-incidence tailplane was likewise plywood-covered and the elevator fabric-covered.  The latter carried a Flettner-type trim tab on its starboard edge. The Hawk's single seat was forward of the wing and under a hinged, framed canopy.  It landed on a single fixed wheel assisted by a tailskid.

The first flight was on 25 November 1972, piloted by Howard Torode of the Cranfield Institute.  Tests showed a lack of rudder power, quickly cured by an increase in area, but no other concerns.

Operational history
Only one Hawk was built.  It was certified as BGA 1778 by February 1973.  In July that year it was at the Sywell PFA weekend, where it gained third place in a competition amongst homebuilt aircraft. Since 2013 it has been preserved by the Gliding Heritage Centre at Lasham.

Specifications

References

External links
Scale Soaring UK: The Manuel Hawk
Wortmann FX61-184 airfoil

1970s British sailplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1972
Manuel gliders
W. & C. French. W. & C. French, also known just as French, was a civil engineering company based at Buckhurst Hill in south-west Essex.

History
The business of Messrs W. and C. French was established by William French and his brother Charles French in 1870.

Second World War
In the Second World War it constructed many RAF airfields and also built Mulberry harbour units.

Public company
On 19 September 1949 it became a public company, when the Chairman of the company was Charles Samuel French, the son of William French. Another director was Brigadier John Linnaeus French CB CBE (18 November 1896 - 12 March 1953), a former commander of Colchester Garrison, and brother of Charles. Its transport depot was at Loughton. They had other depots at Colchester and Wisbech and carried out most of its work in East Anglia. The company was acquired by Kier Group in 1973.

Major projects

 The Coronation Channel at Spalding, Lincolnshire on the River Welland completed in 1953
 BOAC maintenance depot (now British Airways) at Heathrow Airport completed in 1955
 London Heliport completed in 1959
 The first two miles of the Piccadilly Line Heathrow extension, in the early 1970s
 New facilities at New Hall, Cambridge completed in 1965

Reservoirs
 Hanningfield Reservoir completed in 1957
 Queen Elizabeth II Reservoir (Walton South Reservoir) completed in 1962
 Grafham Water completed in 1965
 Wraysbury Reservoir completed in 1971
Covenham Reservoir completed in 1978

Roads
 A12 Brentwood bypass completed 1965
 A47 King's Lynn southern bypass completed 1975
 M18 Thurcroft (M1) to Wadworth (A1 M) completed 1967
 M6 Carnforth to Farleton completed 1970
 M6 Farleton to Killington completed 1970
 M62 Pole Moor to Outlane completed 1970
 M4 Wootton Bassett to Liddington completed 1971
 M62 Outlane to Hartshead completed 1972
 M62 Pollington to Rawcliffe completed 1975
 M23 Hooley to Merstham completed 1975
 M11 Redbridge to Loughton completed 1975
 A12 Ufford to Wickham Market completed 1976

Airfields
 RAF Alconbury
 RAF Balderton
 RAF Bassingbourn
 RAF Boxted
 RAF Debden
 RAF Downham Market
 RAF Earls Colne
 RAF Graveley
 RAF Knettishall
 RAF Langham
 RAF Mildenhall
 RAF Rivenhall
 RAF Thurleigh
 RAF Wyton

References

Sources

Construction and civil engineering companies of England
Companies based in Essex
Epping Forest District
Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1931
British companies disestablished in 1973
1931 establishments in England
1973 disestablishments in England
British companies established in 1931
Companies formerly listed on the London Stock Exchange
1973 mergers and acquisitions
Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1870
British companies established in 1870
Pilot Polder Andijk. The pilot Polder Andijk, or Test Polder Andijk, Proefpolder Andijk in Dutch, is a polder established in 1926 - 1927 in the Zuiderzee near the village of Andijk. The aim of this prototype is to study the embankments and agriculture for future polders in the Zuiderzee Works. In 1929, the pilot polder was inaugurated by Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands.

Construction
In 1924 the Lovink Committee – headed by Hermanus Johannes Lovink – published a proposal to build a pilot polder. This polder could, on a small scale experiment future agriculture. The knowledge would then be used for the Wieringermeer. For this reason, in 1926-1927 near the village Andijk,  of land were reclaimed. On August 27, 1927, the pilot polder was drained. The cost of the polder, about 1 million guilders, was relatively high, but the cost of polders to come should be lower.

Research
The Directorate of Wieringermeer wanted to study the behavior of a soil recovered from the sea, and how saline soils can be cultivated. After the draining was completed, a farm was built as well as laboratories for agriculture, soil science and research in microbiology. Different aspects for optimal use of land have been studied, such as desalination, drying and compacting. Experiments were also made to know the best way to cultivate and to select suitable crops. Some species can concentrate the salt and prepare future plantations.

Results
By 1929 the polder was dry. Rain normally washes salt from reclaimed land in six or seven years; to make the soil useful faster, gypsum was added to the soil with different fertilizers in various parts of the experimental farm. The land became an ordinary farm on 1 November 1935 after tests showed that the polder could be cultivated. With the experience gained in the pilot, development of the polder Wieringermeer was accelerated.

Later use
In the late twentieth century the polder became a site for holiday homes.

References

Polders of North Holland
Land reclamation
Environmental soil science
Coastal construction
Zuiderzee Works
Freshwater ecology
Medemblik
1927 establishments in the Netherlands
Great Southern Automobile Company. The Great Southern Automobile Company was the first automobile manufacturer in the central South. It was incorporated in Birmingham, Alabama, in 1909 and manufactured automobiles, automobile parts, and buses from its plant in Ensley, where it also maintained a repair department. Its founding officers were Eugene F. Enslen, president; Ike Adler, vice-president; John Kyser, secretary and treasurer; and Eugene F. Enslen, Jr., general manager.

In early 1910, it announced a Model "50" touring car with a wheel base of 124 inches, a 5.25x6 inches bore and stroke engine, capable of 60 bhp.

In 1912, it opened salesrooms in the Empire Building, then the tallest building in Birmingham. The manager was W. O. Fields.

In 1913, it was manufacturing two models:
Great Southern 30, available in two-seater roadster and five-seater touring bodies for $1400.
Great Southern 51, available in a six-seater touring body for $2100.

In 1914, it dropped the Great Southern 30, and concentrated on the manufacture of just the Great Southern 50 chassis, formerly titled the Great Southern 51. The new 50 model was a seven passenger touring body.

By 1915, it was manufacturing a chassis and body for a "one-man, pay-enter" motor bus that was 22 feet long, 8 feet 9 inches high, 7 feet 6 inches wide, rated at 2.25 tons capacity, and could carry 25 passengers.

The company went bankrupt in 1917. Alabama's other pre-1950 car manufactures include Preston Motor's Premocar in Birmingham and Keller in Huntsville.

References

Further reading

Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United States
Companies based in Birmingham, Alabama
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1909
Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1917
1909 establishments in Alabama
1917 disestablishments in Alabama
Keith A. Wester. Keith A. Wester (February 21, 1940 – November 1, 2002) was an American sound engineer. He was nominated for six Academy Awards in the category Best Sound. He worked on nearly 60 films between 1966 and 2002.

Selected filmography
 Black Rain (1989)
 Waterworld (1995)
 The Rock (1996)
 Air Force One (1997)
 Armageddon (1998)
 The Perfect Storm (2000)

References

External links

1940 births
2002 deaths
American audio engineers
Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills)
Engineers from Seattle
Primetime Emmy Award winners
People from Studio City, Los Angeles
Engineers from California
20th-century American engineers
Destoner. A destoner is a machine that removes stones and clods from soil ridges and moves them to the furrow so that the ridges are free from stones. This also helps when harvesting in wet conditions as the harvester can drive on a row of stones which helps improve traction.

They remove stone using a series of webs (between two and five webs). The stones stay on the web and the clay falls through it. The stones travel through the machine and the bigger stones fall into a boulder box and the smaller stones fall onto a cross conveyor and in turn fall into a trench. On the next pass the tractor tramps these stones down.

Destoners are usually fitted with steerable wheels which makes them more maneuverable on headlands. Some are fitted with hydraulic leveling.

References 

Agricultural machinery