omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Snarl (software). Snarl is a notification system for Microsoft Windows inspired by Growl that allows applications to display alpha-blended messages on the screen.

Unlike other forms of notification, Snarl does not hijack the current focused window, nor does it force the taskbar to be visible. Notifications can either be canceled by clicking on them, or left to disappear automatically if ignored for a period of time.

Snarl can display several messages at any one time; new messages are simply displayed beneath (or above) existing ones. An application can display any number of messages, and can update the content, icon, and time the message appears for any particular message at any time and explicitly remove the message if required. Applications can also request to be notified if a user clicks on a particular message.

Developers of other applications can include Snarl support in their applications with almost no effort at all - Snarl uses Windows window messaging functionality to show and hide notifications, making it accessible to any programming language from low-level pure C to high-level Visual Basic 6 or .NET-based environments.

Features
 Unicode support
 Windows XP and Vista 32-bit & 64-bit support
 Multiple notifications support
 Notification position can be adjusted
 Substitute native Windows tooltip with Snarl Notification

Applications supported by Snarl
 Commit Monitor
 dotWidget
 Firefox
 Floola
 foobar2000
 iTunes
 Jungle Disk
 Launchy
 Miranda NG (support up to 0.7.x)
 mIRC
 MusicBee
 Pidgin
 Process Controller
 Quintessential Player
 Ruby (programming language)
 Songbird
 Sunbird
 Spotify
 Task Coach
 Thunderbird
 Winamp
 Windows Live Messenger
 Witty

Snarl-Specific applications
 SnarlClock (included with Snarl)
 SnarlTray (included with Snarl)

External links
 
 Developer Guide
 Source Code (CVS)

Windows-only free software
Free system software
European Organisation for Technical Approvals. European Organisation for Technical Assessment (EOTA) (, ) is a European non-profit association. Its primary purpose is to draft the European Technical Assessment (ETA) documents. Once ratified, these become EU standards. Manufacturers and vendors of products that display the CE mark warrant that their products meet these standards .

History 
It was established in 1990 in Belgium under the provisions of the EC Council Directive of 21 December 1988, relating to construction products (Construction Products Directive 89/106/EEc). As from 11 June 2013, EOTA reregistered as the organisation for technical assessment according to Article 31 of the Regulation (EU) No 305/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2011, laying down harmonised conditions for the marketing of construction products and repealing Council Directive 89/106/EEC (this Regulation being referred to hereafter as CPR).

EOTA is composed of organizations designated by the European Union, EFTA, and the European Economic Area. Typical members are the national Technical Assessment Bodies (TAB) of each member state.

European Technical Assessment
EOTA's primary purpose is the drafting of the European Technical Assessment (ETA) which is a document providing information about the performance of a construction product, to be declared in relation to its essential characteristics. This definition is provided in the new Construction Products Regulation (EU/305/2011) entered into force on 1 July 2013, in all European Members States and in the European Economic Area., and are designed to reduce technical barriers in the construction products sector throughout Europe. Once a building product has an ETA certificate, it can display the CE mark and can be sold Europe wide.

ETAs are a European alternative to national agrément certificates (for example, the British Board of Agrément). The first ETA was issued in 1998 by the DIBt in the Liechtenstein.

References

External links
List of EOTA members by country
 Homepage
 Entry on Europa.eu portal

Agencies of the European Union
Organizations established in 1990
Standards organisations in Belgium
2006 Kampung Pasir landslide. The 2006 Kampung Pasir landslide was a landslide that occurred on 31 May 2006, in Kampung Pasir, Ulu Klang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Two women were killed and two children were feared buried alive in a landslide that flattened three blocks of longhouses in Kampung Pasir, Ulu Klang here.

"The 2006 Kampung Pasir disaster highlighted the fact that man-made slopes needed to be built according to guidelines, just like any other infrastructure such as roads and bridges."

References

2006 in Malaysia
Gombak District
Landslides in 2006
Landslides in Malaysia
May 2006 in Malaysia
Reuse metrics. In software engineering, many reuse metrics and models are metrics used to measure code reuse and reusability. A metric is a quantitative indicator of an attribute of a thing. A model specifies relationships among metrics. Reuse models and metrics can be categorized into six types:

 reuse cost-benefits models
 maturity assessment
 amount of reuse
 failure modes
 reusability
 reuse library metrics

Reuse cost-benefits models include economic cost-benefit analysis as well as quality and productivity payoff. 
Maturity assessment models categorize reuse programs by how advanced they are in implementing systematic reuse.
Amount of reuse metrics are used to assess and monitor a reuse improvement effort by tracking percentages of reuse for life cycle objects. 
Failure modes analysis is used to identify and order the impediments to reuse in a given organization. 
Reusability metrics indicate the likelihood that an artifact is reusable. 
Reuse library metrics are used to manage and track usage of a reuse repository.

References
 Frakes, William and Carol, Terry. "Software Reuse: Metrics and Models." ACM Computing Surveys 28(2), pp. 415-435, 1996.

Software metrics
Reuse
Kohn anomaly. A Kohn anomaly or the Kohn effect is an anomaly in the dispersion relation of a phonon branch in a metal. The anomaly is named for Walter Kohn, who first proposed it in 1959.

Description 
In condensed matter physics, a Kohn anomaly (also called the Kohn effect) is an anomaly in the dispersion relation of a phonon branch in a metal.

For a specific wavevector, the frequency (and thus the energy) of the associated phonon is considerably lowered, and there is a discontinuity in its derivative. In extreme cases (that can happen in low-dimensional materials), the energy of this phonon is zero, meaning that a static distortion of the lattice appears. This is one explanation for charge density waves in solids. The wavevectors at which a Kohn anomaly is possible are the nesting vectors of the Fermi surface, that is vectors that connect a lot of points of the Fermi surface (for a one-dimensional chain of atoms or a spherical Fermi surface this vector would be ). The electron phonon interaction causes a rigid shift of the Fermi sphere and a failure of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation since the electrons do not follow any more the ionic motion adiabatically.

In the phonon spectrum of a metal, a Kohn anomaly is a discontinuity in the derivative of the dispersion relation that is produced by the abrupt change in the screening of lattice vibrations by conduction electrons. It can occur at any point in the Brillouin Zone because ) is unrelated to crystal symmetry.  In one dimension, it is equivalent to a Peierls instability, and it is similar to the Jahn-Teller effect seen in molecular systems.

Kohn anomalies arise together with Friedel oscillations when one considers the Lindhard theory instead of the Thomas–Fermi approximation in order to find an expression for the dielectric function of a homogeneous electron gas. The expression for the real part  of the reciprocal space dielectric function obtained following the Lindhard theory includes a logarithmic term that is singular at , where  is the Fermi wavevector. Although this singularity is quite small in reciprocal space, if one takes the Fourier transform and passes into real space, the Gibbs phenomenon causes a strong oscillation of  in the proximity of the singularity mentioned above. In the context of phonon dispersion relations, these oscillations appear as a vertical tangent in the plot of , called the Kohn anomalies.

Many different systems exhibit Kohn anomalies, including graphene, bulk metals, and many low-dimensional systems (the reason involves the condition , which depends on the topology of the Fermi surface). However, it is important to emphasize that only materials showing metallic behaviour can exhibit a Kohn anomaly, since the model emerges from a homogeneous electron gas approximation.

History 
The anomaly is named for Walter Kohn. They have been first proposed by Walter Kohn in 1959.

See also
Zero sound
Pomeranchuk instability

References

Condensed matter physics
WinTech Racing. WinTech Racing is a racing shell manufacturer based in Shelton, Connecticut, United States.

The company's boat designs come from Klaus Filter, a shell designer and naval architect who was the former chairman of the International Rowing Federation's Materials Commission.  He was also the Director of Research and Development for East German rowing for the thirty years prior to reunification.  Klaus is currently a Production Consultant for WinTech Racing.

WinTech Racing partnered with The Flying Eagle Boat Company of Hangzhou, China and Drew Harrison Racing Shells in 2004 to create one of the largest boat manufacturers in the world.

WinTech Racing is a worldwide company with offices in North America, Europe, Asia and Australia.

Products offered 

WinTech Racing offers a wide variety of racing shells, recreational shells, adaptive rowing shells, wakeless launches, oars, and spare parts for various boat models.
There are several different models of racing shell, including eights (8+), fours (4+), quads and convertible quads/fours (4x/-), pairs and doubles (2x/-), and singles (1x). Recreational shell models include the Explorer 21 and Explorer 24 single, as well as the Explorer 30 double. There are several sizes and weight classes for the Club Trainer, Competitor, Medalist, and International models that are offered, ranging from super lightweight boats to super heavyweight boats.
WinTech Racing also offer quick-release riggers along with traditional mounts for their riggers.

References 

Rowing equipment manufacturers
Klaus Filter. Klaus Filter is a German racing shell designer.

Career highlights
1946 Started his rowing career in postwar East Germany.
1949 Became an apprentice at the Pirsch shell builders.
1950s Became a member of the East German National Rowing Team.
1960 Developed the world's first composite rowing shell.
1961 Helped founded the East German FES (Institut für Forschung und Entwicklung von Sportgeräten). This body was charged with the analysis and improvement of athletic equipment used by the East German Sports Federation.
1965 Earned his degree in naval architecture from the University of Rostock.
1972 and 1976 Won the East German National Award for Science and Technique for his work at FES.
1979 Became a founding member of FISA's Materials Commission.
1990–2000 Served as Head of the FISA's Materials Commission.
1993 Ended his duties with FISA's Materials Commission but continued his role with the Head of the Materials Commission until his retirement in 2000.
1994 to present Started to work with the Xiong family at the Flying Eagle Boat Company.
2004 Began to work with WinTech Racing of North America.
2005 Designed the first self-bailing racing shell.  Introduced into the rowing market with WinTech Racing.
2015 Honored with "Distinguished Service to Rowing" award by the International Rowing Federation.

References

Living people
German naval architects
German male rowers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Hudson Boatworks. Hudson Boat Works is a rowing racing shell manufacturer based in London, Ontario. Jack Coughlan and his brother-in-law Hugh Hudson founded the company in 1981. In March 2007, Hudson began production of their "Shark" line of boats.  Designed by Britt Chance, US Naval Architect, Luis Tarrataca, Hudson Design Engineer, and Jack Coughlan, Head of Hudson R&D, the Great White 1x and the Hammerhead 8+ shells and claim to be; faster than ever, more stable, and more comfortable for the rowers. Hudson is the official boat manufacturer for the Canadian and American National Teams. 

Hudson Boat Works boats have won 86 World and Olympic Medals since 1984.

Hudson formerly held the world best time for the men's heavyweight eight for a two thousand meter race which was 5:19.85, designed by Luis Tarrataca, set by the U.S in the 2004 Olympic games in Athens, Greece.

External links
 https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/olympics/canadian-mens-eight-rowing-team-sets-world-record/article4209846/
 https://www.cbc.ca/sports/2.720/canadian-men-s-8-rowers-break-world-record-1.1185565
 Hudson Boat Works official website

Rowing equipment manufacturers
Sporting goods manufacturers of Canada
Companies based in London, Ontario
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1981
1981 establishments in Ontario
Canadian brands
Engine power. Engine power is the power that an engine can put out. It can be expressed in power units, most commonly kilowatt, pferdestärke (metric horsepower), or horsepower. In terms of internal combustion engines, the engine power usually describes the rated power, which is a power output that the engine can maintain over a long period of time according to a certain testing method, for example ISO 1585. In general though, an internal combustion engine has a power take-off shaft (the crankshaft), therefore, the rule for shaft power applies to internal combustion engines: Engine power is the product of the engine torque and the crankshaft's angular velocity.

Definition 

Power is the product of torque and angular velocity:

Let:

 Power in Watt (W)
 Torque in Newton-metre (N·m)
 Crankshaft speed per Second (s−1)
 Angular velocity = 

Power is then:

In internal combustion engines, the crankshaft speed  is a more common figure than , so we can use  instead, which is equivalent to :

Note that  is per Second (s−1). If we want to use the common per Minute (min−1) instead, we have to divide  by 60:

Usage

Numerical value equations 

The approximate numerical value equations for engine power from torque and crankshaft speed are:

International unit system (SI) 

Let:

 Power in Kilowatt (kW)
 Torque in Newton-metre (N·m)
 Crankshaft speed per Minute (min−1)

Then:

Technical unit system (MKS) 

 Power in Pferdestärke (PS)
 Torque in Kilopondmetre (kp·m)
 Crankshaft speed per Minute (min−1)

Then:

Imperial/U.S. Customary unit system 

 Power in Horsepower (hp)
 Torque in Pound-force foot (lbf·ft)
 Crankshaft speed in Revolutions per Minute (rpm)

Then:

Example 

A diesel engine produces a torque  of 234 N·m at  4200 min−1, which is the engine's rated speed.

Let:

Then:

or using the numerical value equation:

The engine's rated power output is 103 kW.

Units

See also 

 List of production cars by power output

Bibliography

References

Mechanics
Power (physics)
Engines
Oracle Enterprise Service Bus. Oracle Enterprise Service Bus (Oracle ESB), a fundamental component of Oracle's Services-Oriented Architecture suite of products, provides integration of data and enterprise applications within an organisation and their connected ( "extended" or “virtual”) enterprises.

Details
This release of Oracle Retail Integration Bus (RIB) Essentials includes changes in architecture, technology stack, and deployment Oracle ESB is technically an 'enterprise service bus' designed and implemented in an Oracle Fusion Architecture's SOA environment; to simplify the interaction and communication between existing Oracle products, third-party applications, or any combination of these.

As a software architecture model for distributed computing it is a specialty variant of the more general client server software architecture model and promotes strictly asynchronous message oriented design for communication and interaction between applications. Its primary use is in Enterprise Application Integration of heterogeneous and complex landscapes of an organisation, and thus enabling its easy management. 

An ESB service is designed and configured with Oracle JDeveloper and Oracle ESB Control user interfaces. It is then registered to an ESB Server. The ESB Server supports multiple protocol bindings for message delivery, including HTTP/SOAP, JMS, JCA, WSIF and Java, using synchronous/asynchronous, request/reply or publish/subscribe models. Currently, the ESB Server does not support Remote Method Invocation.

Oracle Retail Integration Bus (RIB) Essentials should not be confused with Oracle Service Bus (OSB).  ESB was developed by Oracle.  OSB, formerly known as Aqualogic Service Bus, was acquired when Oracle bought BEA Systems.  The two products are related and interchangeable.

Components
Oracle Enterprise Service Bus contains the following components:
 ESB Server
 Oracle ESB Control
 ESB Metadata Server
 Oracle JDeveloper

Features
Oracle Enterprise Service Bus application-integration features fall into the following categories:
 Server Capabilities
 Connectivity
 SOAP invocations services
 WSIF
 Adapter services
 File/FTP adapter service
 Database adapter service
 JMS adapter service
 MQ adapter service
 AQ adapter service
 Oracle Applications (OA) adapter services
 Custom adapter service
 Document Transformation : XSLT and MFL
 Content-Based and Header-Based Routing
 Tight integration with Oracle BPEL Process Manager
 Management and Monitoring Capabilities
 ESB Control, the central point for metadata and configuration changes that take effect immediately
 Visual representation of end-to-end service relationships
 Minimal overhead end-to-end message instance tracking and monitoring
 Error Hospital - automated and manual means for individual and bulk message replays

See also
 Oracle Fusion Middleware

References

External links
 Product page
 Documentation
 http://orasoa.blogspot.com/2008/11/who-is-best-osb-or-esb.html

Oracle software
Enterprise application integration
Diogenes Angelakos. Diogenes James Angelakos (July 3, 1919 – June 7, 1997) was an American electrical engineer and professor emeritus of electronic engineering at the University of California, Berkeley, who served as the director of the Electronics Research Laboratory for 20 years. He is credited with building up the research group into one of the university's biggest research labs. He is considered a pioneer in the fields of microwaves, antennas and electromagnetic waves.

Engineering career 
He graduated from University of Notre Dame with a B.S. in electrical engineering in 1942 and then receives his M.S. (1946) and Ph.D. (1950) in the same field from Harvard University. In 1964, he was appointed director of the Electronics Research Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley.

He was a Fellow, and later a Life Fellow, of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and an honorary member of the Hellenic Physical Society. Among his awards were the "Greek Independence Medal for Technical Assistance to Greek Science", the "Axion Award of the Hellenic-American Professional Society of California" and an award from the Directors of the Joint Services Electronic Program of the United States Department of Defense. He was also recipient of the Berkeley Citation, the University of California, Berkeley's highest award.

Unabomber victim 
On July 2, 1982, Angelakos was the victim of a pipe bomb left by Ted Kaczynski, the "Unabomber", at an electrical engineering and computer science faculty lounge in Cory Hall. He was injured in the face and right hand, but recovered nearly completely. After surgery he was able to re-learn how to write, but the powder burns left by the bomb were permanent. Fourteen years on, he expressed bafflement at the bomber's motives, saying that "If someone has a message to give to the world, you can't get it across by killing people. I just don't understand him at all. He must have some mental problems."

Three years later, he was among the first people on the scene and administered first aid when another of Kaczynski's bombs exploded and injured Berkeley graduate student John E. Hauser, a U.S. Air Force captain. Angelakos used his necktie as a tourniquet to stem the bleeding in Hauser's arm.

Personal life 
Angelakos was born in Chicago of Greek immigrant parents. He and his wife Helen Hatzilambrou were married for 36 years until her death on August 1, 1982. They had two children. He died of prostate cancer at his home in Berkeley in 1997. He was an adherent of the Greek Orthodox Church.

References

1919 births
1997 deaths
20th-century American engineers
American electrical engineers
Electrical engineering academics
Engineers from Illinois
Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences alumni
Microwave engineers
Survivors of terrorist attacks
UC Berkeley College of Engineering faculty
Unabomber targets
Notre Dame College of Engineering alumni
Deaths from prostate cancer in California
Greek Orthodox Christians from the United States
American people of Greek descent
American scientists with disabilities
Jack C. Hayya. Jack C. Hayya (March 10, 1929 – December 11, 2018) was professor emeritus of management science at the Pennsylvania State University.

Education
B.S., Civil Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign,  1952
M.S., Management, California State University, Northridge,  1961
Ph.D., Business Administration, University of California, Los Angeles,  1966

Personal 
In 1947, the government of Iraq sent him to study engineering in the United States.  During his undergraduate years he lived in the Cosmopolitan fraternity house at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, mostly with other foreign students.  He was an engineer on some large public works projects before returning to academia.

Publications (partial list)
He, Xin James, Kim, Jeon G., Hayya, Jack C.  The cost of lead-time variability: The case of the exponential distribution.
Ramasesh, Ranga V., Fu, Haizhen, Fong, Duncan K. H., Hayya, Jack C.  Lot streaming in multistage production systems.
Hong, Jae-Dong, Hayya, Jack C.  Just-In-Time purchasing: Single or multiple sourcing?.
Jack Hayya, Roger Pfaffenberger.  Student Workbook for Use with Statistical Methods for Business and Economics.  Paperback.  June 1987.  McGraw-Hill Education.  .  LC 0256036659.

References

External links
 Faculty homepage

Iraqi emigrants to the United States
California State University, Northridge alumni
Pennsylvania State University faculty
Grainger College of Engineering alumni
UCLA Anderson School of Management alumni
1929 births
2018 deaths
People from Baghdad