omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
TX1. The LTI TX1 is a Hackney carriage (London "Black cab") introduced by London Taxis International in 1997 and designed to replace the ageing Austin FX4. It was designed by British product designer Kenneth Grange.

Most are powered by a diesel engine from Nissan, a relationship which began in late FX4s. In 2002, it was replaced by the TXII, which used the Ford Duratorq engine as found in the Ford Transit, Mondeo, and Land Rover Defender.

Unlike modernistic van-shaped experimental cabs, the body was designed to recall several distinctive styling cues of the FX4. Upon completion, it was submitted to cab drivers for their approval and won their acceptance as sufficiently maintaining the spirit of the London cab.

The improved interior allowed certain after-market additions to be made to these vehicles, such as the Cabvision technology.

References

External links 

TX1
2000s cars
Front-wheel-drive vehicles
Retro-style automobiles
Taxis of the United Kingdom
Taxi vehicles
Cars introduced in 1997
Cars discontinued in 2002
Octatron SkySeer. The Octatron SkySeer, also known as The Octatron, is a close-range unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) designed for easy transport and launch. It is designed and manufactured by Octatron, Incorporated in St. Petersburg, Florida, USA.

Intended for short-range operations, the electric-powered SkySeer resembles a normal radio-controlled airplane or two-meter glider. The SkySeer is hand-launched by its operator and its flight functions can be handled by GPS including landings. The range is approximately two miles/3.2 km and is extendable via Octatron's NetWeaver interface.

A SkySeer includes video surveillance equipment, ground station, and computer interfaces. 

The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department is currently experimenting with the SkySeer as a means of crime prevention. At present, the experiment has been suspended by the Federal Aviation Administration due to the agency's claim of lack of adequate permits. Although the FAA does not regulate model aircraft, it does have jurisdiction over unmanned aerial vehicles.

Airframe specifications

Wingspan:  6.5' (1.98m)
Weight:  3.125 lbs (1.42 kg)
Endurance:  45 to 60 minutes at cruise speed of 23 mph (37 km/h)

References

External links
Report by the BBC about the SkySeer's use in Los Angeles
Slide show of LASD experiment at flickr.com

Unmanned aerial vehicles of the United States
GE Aviation Systems. GE Aviation Systems (formerly Smiths Aerospace) is an American aerospace engineering, aircraft engine and aircraft parts manufacturer.

Smiths Aerospace was formerly one of four business units of Smiths Group plc., an engineering company and constituent of the FTSE 100 share index. However, it was announced on January 15, 2007 that Smiths Group was divesting Smiths Aerospace to General Electric for US $4.8 billion. Smiths Aerospace, which was an important supplier, became an operating subsidiary of GE Aviation. This acquisition reportedly gives the combined unit the clout to resist pricing pressures from its two largest customers, Boeing Commercial Airplanes and Airbus. Analysts further assert that it will enable General Electric to acquire assets similar to those it desired in its failed bid for Honeywell in 2000. GE Aviation completed the transaction on May 4, 2007.

Products
 Its electronic and mechanical systems businesses include integrated modular avionics, flight management and stores management systems, recording and analyzing of voice, video and data. Crew information and mission planning. Other products include power generation and distribution, fuel gauging, management and aerial refueling systems and environmental conditioning. Systems essential to aircraft performance includes flight controls, thrust reversers, landing gear and hydraulic systems.
 The engine component capabilities include engine ring technology, supplying complex gas turbine engine components to every major engine program worldwide.
 The company also operates a global customer services organization that supports 1,500 customers in 140 countries through a network of local centers.

The company is involved with Boeing's KC-767 and F/A-18E/F Super Hornet, Lockheed Martin's F-35 Lightning II, F-22 Raptor, and C-130J Hercules, and the Eurofighter Typhoon. Smiths engine components equip many major military and civil gas turbine engines, providing critical technologies from intake to exhaust.

History
Smiths Aerospace was initially formed from the takeover of TI Group's aerospace activities, including firms such as Dowty Rotol. In 2000, they acquired the former electronics and avionics division of Fairchild Defense from Orbital Sciences corporation.

References 

Avionics companies
Manufacturing companies based in Cincinnati
Aerospace companies of the United States
Engineering companies of the United States
General Electric subsidiaries
2007 mergers and acquisitions
1963 establishments in Ohio
EPCC (disambiguation). EPCC may refer to:

 EPCC (Formerly Edinburgh Parallel Computing Centre), part of the University of Edinburgh
 Estonian Philharmonic Chamber Choir
 East Preston Cricket Club, a village cricket club in West Sussex
 Ever Present Compensation Coefficient
 El Paso Community College, Texas, USA
 East Peoria Chamber of Commerce, Illinois, USA
 Exton PC Council, a personal computer user group in Chester County, Pennsylvania, USA
 the four phases of Engineering, Procurement, Construction and Commissioning as in Engineering, procurement and construction, a form of contracting agreement in the construction industry (additional C at the end of EPCC stands for the Commissioning activities, but it is some times dropped).
Fandango on core. Fandango on core is a computer programming term for the effects of a pointer running out of bounds, often leading to a core dump, or failures in other seemingly unrelated processes. In extreme situations, fandango on core may lead to the overwriting of operating system code, possibly causing data loss or system crashes. The advent of protected memory means that while a program cannot overwrite the memory of other programs, a loose pointer can still cause strange behaviour within the application.

The term presumably comes from the programmer imagining the program following the wild pointer and dancing a fandango on the core (an older term for memory) of a program.

References
This article or an earlier version of it came from the Jargon File.

External links
"Fandango on core" entry from the Jargon File

Software bugs
Ingeniøren. Ingeniøren (full name: Nyhedsmagasinet Ingeniøren, literally The News Magazine "The Engineer") is a Danish weekly newspaper specialising in engineering topics.

History and profile
The paper has covered science and technology issues as well as political topics and debate related to engineering since 1892, and maintains an online archive of these. The online version began 2 December 1994, as the first Danish internet media.

Corresponding publications are Ny Teknik in Sweden, Teknisk Ukeblad in Norway and Technisch Weekblad in the Netherlands.

References

External links
 

Danish-language newspapers
Newspapers published in Copenhagen
Newspapers established in 1892
Weekly newspapers published in Denmark
Engineering magazines
Institution of Structural Engineers. The Institution of Structural Engineers is a British professional body  for structural engineers.

In 2021, it had 29,900 members operating in 112 countries. It provides professional accreditation and publishes a magazine, The Structural Engineer, which has been produced monthly since 1924. It also has a research journal, Structures, published by Elsevier.

History
The Institution gained its Royal Charter in March 1934. It was established at the Ritz Hotel, London on 21 July 1908 as the Concrete Institute, as the result of a need to define standards and rules for the proper use of concrete in the construction industry.

H. Kempton Dyson was one of the founder members and the first permanent secretary.

On 22 February 1909, the Institution was incorporated under the Companies Acts 1862-1907 as a company limited by guarantee not having a capital divided into shares. It was renamed the Institution of Structural Engineers in 1922, when its areas of interest were extended to cover 'structures' of all kinds. By 1925 the Institution had 1,700 members and has continued to grow over the years. It has fifty groups worldwide.

The first woman member to be elected as an Associate member was Florence Mary Taylor in 1926. It took until 1947 for Mary Irvine to be the first women to be elected a Chartered Member, and until 1954 when Marjem Chatterton was the first woman elected as a Fellow.

Presidents

See also
Construction Industry Council
Engineering Council UK
Institution of Civil Engineers
Gold Medal of the Institution of Structural Engineers
Structural Awards

References 

 
ECUK Licensed Members
1908 establishments in the United Kingdom
Organizations established in 1908
Southern valve gear. Southern valve gear was briefly popular on steam locomotives in the United States. It combines elements of the Walschaerts and Baker patterns.

History
Southern valve gear was devised by locomotive designers on the Southern Railway and used on many locomotives on that line. The first patent was issued to Wm. Sherman Brown in 1906. He continued work and another patent, U.S. Patent No. 1,033,532, was issued July 23, 1912. The gear was first tested on Mikado 586 in February, 1913 at Southern Knoxville Shops.  It was specified for some USRA standard locomotive designs, though many locomotives constructed to these patterns used Walschaerts or Baker valve gear instead. The Southern valve gear was used on many Southern Railway locomotives, including survivors 630 and 722. It was also used on East Broad Top numbers 16-18, which survive today. 16 was restored to operational condition in 2023.

Operation
Unlike the Walschaerts and Baker systems, the Southern valve gear dispensed with the combination lever which transmitted some of the crosshead motion to the valves. As with those systems it used a return crank on a driver (instead of the eccentrics used by the Stephenson valve gear). The return crank attached to the eccentric rod, which hung from a pivot close to the far end of the eccentric rod. This pivot attached to the end of the radius hanger, the other end of which attached to a link block which slid back and forth in a track curved in the same manner as the expansion link of a Walschaerts gear. In this system, however, the track was fixed in place; sliding the link block back and forth controlled reversing and cutoff.

At the end of the eccentric rod, close to the radius hanger, the rod connected to the transmission yoke. The upper end of this rod connected to a bellcrank, which translated the up and down motion of the transmission yoke into back and forth motion of the valves.

The mechanism is a little less obvious than that of the other types, but control is fundamentally like that of the Baker system. In this case the controlling factor is the angle between the radius hanger and the transmission yoke; when they are parallel, there is little up-down motion of the transmission yoke and the engine is centered. As link block moves back and forth, the angle of the radius hanger changes, and the up and down motion of the transmission yoke in response to the back and forth motion of the eccentric rod is increased or decreased.

References
The Traveling Engineers’ Association: Examination Questions and Answers from Project Gutenberg

External links
 includes a description and illustrations of the Southern valve gear  

Locomotive valve gear
SCSI Pass-Through Direct. SCSI Pass Through Direct (SPTD) is a proprietary device driver and application programming interface (API) that provides a method of access to SCSI storage devices. Originally developed in 2004 by Duplex Secure Ltd., it is now owned and maintained by Disc Soft Ltd., the developer of Daemon Tools.

Uses 
SPTD is used by Daemon Tools and Alcohol 120%. It is also utilized in PowerArchiver Pro 2010 (v11.60+); however, a configurable option is available to disable it. It is known to be incompatible with kernel-mode debugging including WinDbg and Microsoft's other command line debuggers as well as SoftICE. Further, certain versions of the freeware optical media burning software ImgBurn will issue a warning, "SPTD can have a detrimental effect on drive performance", if the application detects that SPTD is active or installed.

ConeXware, Inc. (the maker of PowerArchiver) claims that in their internal testing, SPTD improved optical drive performance by up to 20 percent in comparison to the "old school" SCSI Pass Through Interface.

See also
 Advanced SCSI Programming Interface (ASPI)

References

Further reading

 

Application programming interfaces
SCSI
Device drivers
Northrop Grumman Switchblade. The Northrop Grumman Switchblade was a proposed variable sweep oblique wing unmanned aerial vehicle studied by Northrop Grumman for the United States.

The programme was cancelled in 2008, without any aircraft having flown.

History
During WWII, Messerschmitt and Blohm + Voss studied the variable-geometry oblique wing as a solution for high-speed jet aircraft, respectively as Messerschmitt P.1109 and Blohm & Voss P 202. From 1979 to 1982, NASA successfully flew the piloted AD-1 demonstrator aircraft which validated the concept.

The United States Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) subsequently awarded Northrop Grumman a US$10.3 million contract for risk reduction and preliminary planning for an oblique flying wing demonstrator.

The program aimed at producing a technology demonstrator aircraft to explore the various challenges which radical design entails. The proposed aircraft would be a purely flying wing (an aircraft with no other auxiliary surfaces such as tails, canards, or a fuselage) where the wing is swept with one side of the aircraft forward, and one backwards in an asymmetric fashion. This aircraft configuration is believed to give it a combination of high speed, long range and long endurance. The program entailed two phases. Phase I explored the theory and result in a conceptual design, while Phase II would have resulted in the design, manufacture, and flight test of an aircraft. The outcome of the program would have resulted in data which could then be used when considering future military aircraft designs.

Flight of the Switchblade was scheduled for 2020 with its 61-meter long oblique wing perpendicular to its engines like a typical aircraft. As the aircraft increased speed, the wing begins to pivot, so that when it breaks the sound barrier, its wing has swiveled 60 degrees, with one wingtip pointing forward and the other backward. The change in aerodynamics and the general structure would have made the aircraft very difficult to control for a human being. The plane was to be fully controlled by an onboard computer controlling flight parameters. Following Phase I the aircraft concept was cancelled in 2008.

Specifications

See also
 History of unmanned aerial vehicles
 Robert T. Jones
 Unmanned combat aerial vehicle

References

 Rose, Bill, 2010. Secret Projects: Flying Wings and Tailless Aircraft. Hinckley, England: Midland Publishing

External links
 Popular Science: Switchblade 
 DARPA project information
 Info on the NASA and DARPA oblique wing research programs

Switchblade
Abandoned military aircraft engine projects of the United States
Unmanned aerial vehicles of the United States
Twinjets
Variable-sweep-wing aircraft
Oblique-wing aircraft
Tailless aircraft
DARPA
Bullet (software). Bullet is a physics engine which simulates collision detection as well as soft and rigid body dynamics. It has been used in video games and for visual effects in movies. Erwin Coumans, its main author, won a Scientific and Technical Academy Award for his work on Bullet.  He worked for Sony Computer Entertainment US R&D from 2003 until 2010, for AMD until 2014, for Google until 2022 and he now works for Nvidia.

The Bullet physics library is free and open-source software subject to the terms of the zlib License. The source code is hosted on GitHub; before 2014 it was hosted on Google Code.

Features
 Rigid body and soft body simulation with discrete and continuous collision detection
 Collision shapes include: sphere, box, cylinder, cone, convex hull using GJK, non-convex and triangle mesh
 Soft body support: cloth, rope and deformable objects
 A rich set of rigid body and soft body constraints with constraint limits and motors
 Plugins for Maya, Softimage, integrated into Houdini, Cinema 4D, LightWave 3D, Blender, Godot, and Poser
 Import of COLLADA 1.4 physics content
 Optional optimizations for PlayStation 3 Cell SPU, CUDA and OpenCL

The Bullet website also hosts a Physics Forum for general discussion around physics simulation for games and animation.

At AMD Developer Summit (APU) in November 2013 Erwin Coumans presented the Bullet 3 OpenCL Rigid Body Simulation.

References

External links
 
 
 Pybullet Python bindings for Bullet, with support for Reinforcement Learning and Robotics Simulation

Computer physics engines
Software using the zlib license
José Enrique Moyal. José Enrique Moyal (‎; 1 October 1910 – 22 May 1998) was an Australian mathematician and mathematical physicist who contributed to aeronautical engineering, electrical engineering and statistics, among other fields.

Career
Moyal helped establish the phase space formulation of quantum mechanics in 1949 by bringing together the ideas of Hermann Weyl, John von Neumann, Eugene Wigner, and Hip Groenewold.

This formulation is statistical in nature and makes logical connections between quantum mechanics and classical statistical mechanics, enabling a natural comparison between the two formulations. Phase space quantization, also known as Moyal quantization, largely avoids the use of operators for quantum mechanical observables prevalent in the canonical formulation. Quantum-mechanical evolution in phase space is specified by a Moyal bracket.

Moyal grew up in Tel Aviv, and attended the Herzliya Hebrew Gymnasium. He studied in Paris in the 1930s, at the École Supérieure d'Electricité, Institut de Statistique, and, finally, at the Institut Henri Poincaré. His work was carried out in wartime England in the 1940s, while employed at the de Havilland Aircraft company. 

Moyal was a professor of mathematics at the former School of Mathematics and Physics of Macquarie University, where he was a colleague of John Clive Ward.  Previously, he had worked at the Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois.

He published pioneering work on stochastic processes.

Personal life
Moyal was married to Susanna Pollack (1912-2000), with whom he had two children, Orah Young (born in Tel Aviv) and David Moyal (born in Belfast). They divorced in 1956. He was married to Ann Moyal from 1962 until his death.

Works
 
 J.E. Moyal, "Stochastic Processes and Statistical Physics" Journal of the Royal Statistical Society B'', 11, (1949), 150–210.

See also
 Moyal bracket
 Wigner–Weyl transform
 Wigner quasiprobability distribution

References

External links
 Maverick Mathematician: The Life and Science of J.E. Moyal
 Obituary by Alan McIntosh and photographs
 Moyal Medal awarded annually by Macquarie University for research contributions to mathematics, physics or statistics

1910 births
1998 deaths
20th-century  Australian mathematicians
Australian physicists
Australian statisticians
Israeli emigrants to Australia
Herzliya Hebrew Gymnasium alumni
Jewish physicists
Academic staff of Macquarie University
Mathematical physicists
Scientists from Jerusalem
Quantum physicists
Mandatory Palestine expatriates in France
Mandatory Palestine expatriates in the United Kingdom
University of Paris alumni
CPKC Alyth Yard. CPKC Alyth (Calgary) Yard is a  Class 1 railway facility in the neighbourhood of Alyth, southeast of downtown Calgary, Alberta. One of Canadian Pacific Kansas City's main marshalling yards in Canada, it primarily serves as a rail car repair shop and diesel locomotive servicing facilities on site.

The yard is CPKC's busiest in Western Canada and is home terminal to crews operating north to Red Deer, Alberta, and west to Field, British Columbia, through the Spiral Tunnels.

The hump classification yard facility has been removed, and trains are now made up by switching within the yard.

Alyth Yard is designed to handle approximately 2200 rail cars at 100% capacity, and is supported by satellite yards in Ogden Park and the Calgary Intermodal Facility at Shepard.

See also
Facilities of the Canadian Pacific Railway

References 

Rail infrastructure in Alberta
Canadian Pacific Railway facilities
Transport in Calgary
Rail yards in Canada
Mala Rijeka Viaduct. The Mala Rijeka Viaduct (, literally Little river) is a viaduct on the Belgrade–Bar railway, located some 20 km north of Podgorica, Montenegro.

Overview 

The project was started in 1969 and was completed in 1973.
 The viaduct is  long and at its highest is  above the Mala Rijeka River. It is also the longest bridge on the Belgrade–Bar railway.

When constructed it was the highest railway bridge in the world, surpassing the record height previously held by the Fades viaduct in France. It held the record until 2001 when the Beipan River Shuibai Railway Bridge, a concrete arch bridge, was completed in Guizhou, China. Multiple railway bridges under construction in China will also be higher.

Construction 
36,000 m3 of concrete and 100,000 tonnes of steel were built into the bridge. The largest of four pillars, upon which the bridge lies, has a base bigger than a tennis court.

Belgian extreme sportsman Cedric Dumont was the first person to jump from the bridge on 11 September 2008.

See also 
 List of tallest bridges

References

External links 
 
 Cedric Dumont base jumping from the viaduct

Bridges in Montenegro
Viaducts
Railway bridges in Montenegro
Bridges completed in 1973
Yugoslav Montenegrin architecture