omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Vanguard 15. The Vanguard 15 is an American planing sailing dinghy that was designed by Bob Ames as a one-design racer and first built in 1992.

Production
The design was built by Team Vanguard in the United States and later by LaserPerformance, but is no longer in production.

Design
The Vanguard 15 is a recreational sailboat, built predominantly of fiberglass. It has a fractional sloop rig with aluminum spars, a raked stem, a vertical transom, a transom-hung rudder controlled by a tiller and a retractable daggerboard. It displaces  and is capable of planing upwind.

The boat has a draft of  with the daggerboard extended and  with it retracted, allowing beaching or ground transportation on a trailer or car roof rack.

For sailing the design is equipped with a boom vang and the mainsail and jib have windows for improved visibility. The halyards are external and the mast is of a non-tapered design. The boat is normally raced with a crew of two sailors.

The design has a hull speed of .

Operational history
In a 1994 review Richard Sherwood wrote, "the Vanguard 15 is designed for college/yacht club racing fleets. Rig is simple, and the boat is a strict one-design. The deck is rounded, for easy hiking ... With the daggerboard and light weight, the boat may be easily dry sailed — often helpful for fleet sailing."

A 2013 review in Sail1Design noted "the Vanguard 15 boasts one of the strongest class associations of any one-design fleet, running hundreds of events each year. With fleets located across the country, there are opportunities to get involved from the club level to championship regattas. The V15 is a popular club level fleet racer as well as team racer."

In 2014, a Vanguard 15 one-design racer, John Storck III, reported that the boat was falling out of favor with college sailors and that attendance at regattas was declining.

See also
List of sailing boat types

References

External links

Dinghies
1990s sailboat type designs
Sailboat type designs by Bob Ames
Sailboat types built by Team Vanguard
Sailboat types built by LaserPerformance
Chrysler ME Four-Twelve. The Chrysler ME Four-Twelve was an American high-performance concept car that was engineered, developed and produced by Chrysler in 2004. The ME Four-Twelve name is a combination of the Mid-Engine with Four turbochargers on a Twelve cylinder engine.

Background
There were two ME Four-Twelve vehicles produced. The first was an auto show version using performance expertise from DaimlerChrysler, but with limited operational capabilities. It was designed behind-the-scenes during 2003 by a small team. The auto show vehicle, unveiled at the 2004 North American International Auto Show (NAIAS) in Detroit, Michigan took less than one year for design and development. The exterior design was done by American Brian Nielander.

Chrysler announced at the 2004 NAIAS that the ME Four-Twelve was a full running prototype. At the time, key personnel within the Street & Racing Technology group at Chrysler directed by Dan Knott (also responsible for the Dodge Viper, SRT production adaptations such as the Dodge Neon SRT-4 and Dodge Ram SRT-10, Dodge Motorsports, and Mopar performance parts) were alerted that another project was being considered; to design and build a fully engineered and functional prototype demonstration vehicle capable of achieving the published performance claims and being available for media track evaluation by the summer of 2004.

Design
The chassis tub of the ME Four-Twelve was carbon-fiber and aluminum honeycomb. It used a 4130 steel rear subframe and aluminum castings. The body was lightweight carbon fiber. The low profile of the vehicle contributed to its aerodynamics, while multiple air-intakes enhance cooling. The car used 265/35ZR19 tires in the front and 335/30ZR20 tires in the rear (on 19- and 20-inch cast-aluminum wheels, respectively). The brakes were six-piston-calipers with 16-inch discs at the front and back.

The modified 6.0 L aluminum Mercedes-Benz M120 V12 engine featured a newly developed cylinder head, special intake and exhaust manifolds, as well as forged internals such as pistons and crankshaft to accommodate the forced induction system (i.e., four turbochargers), which brought the output of the engine to . This would have made it the most powerful, as well as the fastest, road-going production vehicle at the time. The seven-speed transmission was a dual-clutch automatic transmission, with the capability of shifting gears in 200 milliseconds. Claimed acceleration from 0-60 mph was 2.9 seconds, and 0-100 mph in 6.2 seconds. It could cover a quarter mile in 10.6 seconds, with a trap speed of . Estimated top speed was claimed to be .

The ME 412's interior featured leather seats, a carbon fiber dashboard, and a chrome-covered center console with a leather tilt steering wheel, and gunmetal gauges. Other features included dual-zone climate control, a premium audio system, keyless access, and a push-button start system. The roof was made of glass.

References

ME Four-twelve
Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive vehicles
Attica (automobiles). Attica was a brand name of vehicles produced by Bioplastic S.A., a company (originally involved in fiberglass panel manufacture, later expanding into fiberglass boat manufacture) created in Moschato, Athens by Georgios Dimitriadis, a figure in Greek automotive history. 

Mr. Dimitriadis had designed and built a light four-wheel passenger automobile (model 505) in 1958 with the intent to produce it. A tax imposed on four-wheel automobiles at the time, though, limited the car's market prospects; thus, he abandoned that plan, focusing instead on the production of three-wheelers - taxed as "motorcycles" in Greece. In 1962 he started production of a light three-wheeler passenger car  under licence of Fuldamobil of Germany as the Attica model 200 (it was much easier for cars certified abroad to receive certification for production in Greece). The car was built with few changes from the original German design, but later two different cabriolet versions were developed by Attica itself. 200 cc engines (by Sachs, Heinkel as well as engines built by Attica itself) were used to power different versions of the car. 

The model became very popular in Greece and is remembered to this date. Another Greek company, Alta, soon claimed a market share in the same category, introducing a similar vehicle in 1968; this was also based on Fuldamobil technology but it was extensively modified, with a more modern design. Attica 200 was nonetheless produced until 1971. In 1968 Bioplastic utilized the Attica 200 design to create a light three-wheeler truck brand named Delta (oddly enough, the rear-half of the 200 had become the front-half of Delta!), sold with modest success. 

In 1965 Attica had already made an effort to enter the market of four-wheel automobiles, introducing the Carmel 12; the car was built under licence of Israeli Autocars company (which, in turn, had used British Reliant technology). In fact, the term "manufacture" is probably not appropriate in this case, as most parts were imported. Despite a publicity campaign, the car did not sell well and only about 100 Attica Carmel 12's were actually produced. In 1977 Dimitriadis transformed Bioplastic into a new company (DIM Motor) to produce the DIM, an entirely new passenger automobile designed and developed by his company. The car was presented in the Geneva Motor Show in 1977 but its life was very brief: only a few were produced.

References 
L.S. Skartsis and G.A. Avramidis, 'Made in Greece', Typorama, Patras, Greece (2003).
L.S. Skartsis, "Greek Vehicle & Machine Manufacturers 1800 to present: A Pictorial History", Marathon (2012)  (eBook) 
G.N. Georgano (Ed.), 'The New Encyclopedia of Motorcars, 1885 to Present',  E.P. Dutton, New York (1982).

External links
Site with automobile brochures (including Attica models)
1958 Dimitriadis 505 in Dutch Auto Catalog

Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of Greece
Car manufacturers of Greece
KL University. K L Deemed to be University, formerly Koneru Lakshmaiah College of Engineering (KLCE) and Koneru Lakshmaiah University, is a higher educational institution Deemed to be University, located in Vaddeswaram, near Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India. Established in 1980 as a college of engineering, it consists of eight schools, offering academic programs at UG, PG, doctoral, and post-doctoral industry-focused courses.

History
 
KLEF was established in 1980 at Vaddeswaram as K L College of Engineering (KLCE). It became autonomous in 2006 and was recognized as deemed to be university in 2009, known as K L University. Following the University Grants Commission's request from 123 deemed institutes, not to use "university" in the name it was renamed Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation (KLEF). In 2019, it was renamed K L Deemed to be University.

Location 
Koneru Lakshmaiah Deemed to be University is situated in a  site adjacent to Buckingham Canal, and is about  from Vijayawada in Krishna district and  from Guntur. The university is in Guntur District.

Schools
KLEF includes the following schools:
 K L College of Engineering
 K L School of Science & Humanities
 K L School of Architecture
 K L School of Management 
 K L School of Fine Arts
 K L School of Commerce
 K L School of Pharmacy
 K L School of Law
 K L School of Agriculture
 Center for Distance and Online Education

Rankings 

In the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) 2024, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation has been ranked 40th overall in India, 22nd among universities, 79th in the management category, and 35th in engineering. 

K L University receives One District One Green Champion Swachhata Award 2021 from GOI.

References

External links 

 Official website

Universities in Andhra Pradesh
Universities and colleges in Guntur district
Educational institutions established in 1980
1980 establishments in Andhra Pradesh
IPrint. iPrint is a print server developed by Novell, now owned by Micro Focus. iPrint enabled users to install a device driver for a printer directly from a web browser, and to submit print jobs over a computer network. It could process print jobs routed through the internet using the Internet Printing Protocol (IPP).

The iPrint server ran on Novell's NetWare operating system. Windows, Linux, and Mac OS clients needed Novell's iPrint client software to make use of iPrint services.

Although iPrint is bound to Novell Distributed Print Services (NDPS), it does not require a Novell client but only an iPrint client.

See also
 Novell Embedded Systems Technology (NEST)

References

Further reading
 http://www.novell.com/documentation/oes/index.html?page=/documentation/oes/oes_home/data/prntsvcs.html Novell Open Enterprise Server documentation on iPrint

Computer printing
Novell NetWare
Proprietary software
Servers (computing)
Uniform memory access. Uniform memory access (UMA) is a shared memory architecture used in parallel computers. All the processors in the UMA model share the physical memory uniformly. In an UMA architecture, access time to a memory location is independent of which processor makes the request or which memory chip contains the transferred data. Uniform memory access computer architectures are often contrasted with non-uniform memory access (NUMA) architectures. In the NUMA architecture, each processor may use a private cache. Peripherals are also shared in some fashion. The UMA model is suitable for general purpose and time sharing applications by multiple users. It can be used to speed up the execution of a single large program in time-critical applications.

Types of architectures
There are three types of UMA architectures:
 UMA using bus-based symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) architectures;
 UMA using crossbar switches;
 UMA using multistage interconnection networks.

hUMA
In April 2013, the term hUMA (heterogeneous uniform memory access) began to appear in AMD promotional material to refer to CPU and GPU sharing the same system memory via cache coherent views. Advantages include an easier programming model and less copying of data between separate memory pools.

See also
 Non-uniform memory access
 Cache-only memory architecture
 Heterogeneous System Architecture

References

Computer memory
Parallel computing
Lotus 41. The Lotus 41 was a Lotus Formula 3 and Formula 2 racing car which ran from 1966 - 1968. 

John Joyce, Bowin Cars founder, was the Lotus chief designer and was assisted by Dave Baldwin. They started with a clean sheet of paper. The chassis was a welded tubular steel space frame. The racing classes of this period imposed minimum weight requirements, so steel could be used in place of aluminium without a weight penalty.  The most notable feature of the new design was the extensive use of stressed steel panels in the bulkheads, welded steel around the footwell and the instrument panel, a welded sheet of steel surrounding the driver's shoulder, and a double-sided steel cradle surrounding the gearbox. Floors were also welded for additional stiffness.

Another clever design feature of the Type 41 was the use of a rear bulkhead as an oil overflow collector. Even the front oil tank had its overflow routed through a labyrinthine path using chassis tubes all the way to the back.

The chassis of the Formula 2 Type 41 was also considered as the bases for a possible sports-racing car, using the Type 868 V8 engine of 500 bhp, although nothing eventually came of these plans.

References 

41
Formula Two cars
Formula Three cars
Tasman Series cars
Turnaround document. A turnaround document is a paper document containing computer-generated output that can also be used as a computer input, usually after the addition of some extra information by the user.

For example, meter cards are produced for collecting readings from gas meters, photocopiers, water meters, etc. The cards are filled in by the customer and then returned to the company for scanning using ICR (intelligent character recognition) to quickly produce customer bills. Earlier versions used punched cards, sometimes with mark sense technology. The use of meter cards has largely been replaced by fully-electronic systems including billing and payment over the internet.

References

Business documents
Human–computer interaction
NCR VRX. VRX is an acronym for Virtual Resource eXecutive, a proprietary operating system on the NCR Criterion series, and later the V-8000 series of mainframe computers manufactured by NCR Corporation during the 1970s and 1980s. It replaced the B3 Operating System originally distributed with the Century series, and inherited many of the features of the B4 Operating System from the high-end of the NCR Century series of computers. VRX was upgraded in the late 1980s and 1990s to become VRX/E for use on the NCR 9800 (Criterion) series of computers.  Edward D. Scott managed the development team of 150 software engineers who developed VRX and James J "JJ" Whelan was the software architect responsible for  technical oversight and the overall architecture of VRX.  Tom Tang was the Director of Engineering at NCR responsible for development of the entire Criterion family of computers. This product line achieved over $1B in revenue and $300M in profits for NCR.

VRX was shipped to its first customers, on a trial basis, in 1977. Customer sites included the United Farm Workers labor union, who in 1982 were running an NCR 8555 mainframe running VRX.

VRX was NCR's response to IBM's MVS virtual storage operating system and was NCR's first virtual storage system. It was  based on a segmented page architecture provided in the Criterion architecture. 

The Criterion series provided a virtual machine architecture which allowed different machine architectures running under the same operating system. The initial offering provided a Century virtual machine which was instruction compatible with the Century series and a COBOL virtual machine designed to optimize programs written in COBOL. Switching between virtual machines was provided by a virtual machine indicator in the subroutine call mechanism. This allowed programs written in one virtual machine to use subroutines written for another. The same mechanism was used to enter an "executive" state used for operating system functions and a "privileged system" state used for direct access to hardware.

References 

Proprietary operating systems
NCR Corporation products
ODD. ODD is an initialism, which might refer to:

 ODD (Text Encoding Initiative) ("One Document Does it all"), an abstracted literate-programming format for describing XML schemas
 Oodnadatta Airport (IATA: ODD), South Australia
 Operational design domain (ODD), for automated systems
 Operational due diligence
 Oppositional defiant disorder, a mental disorder characterized by anger-guided, hostile behavior
 ODD, a 2007 play by Hal Corley about a teenager with oppositional defiant disorder
 Optical disc drive

See also
 Odd (disambiguation)

Initialisms
Aruvankadu. Aruvankadu is a big village located in The Nilgiris District, Tamil Nadu, India. It is located between Coonoor and Ooty on the NH 67, 6 km from Coonoor town and 12 km from Ooty. It is connected by frequent bus services from various towns and cities. Aruvankadu is also connected via the Nigiri Mountain Railway (NMR).

Industry 

It houses the cordite factory, one of the 40 Indian Ordnance Factories. It is one of the oldest defence factories coming under the Ministry of Defence and the Indian Ordnance Factories. The cordite factory was established in 1903 by the then British Government on a huge campus and it still caters to the Defence Services by manufacturing cordite, an antiquated type of smokeless propellant, which is used in manufacturing small arms ammunition and also as a propellant in various tanks.

It is surrounded by small villages such as Balaji Nagar, Kara Korai, Jagathala, Othanatty, and Hosatty.

There are four schools (Kendriya Vidyalaya, Defence Employees Matriculation School, Cordite Factory Higher Secondary School and St. Anns Convent and Girls Higher Secondary School).  There is also an apprentice college affiliated to the cordite factory.

The main sources of income for the local residents include employment at the Cordite factory, cultivation of Nilgiri tea and vegetables.

Notable people

British astronomer and physicist Robert Hanbury Brown, developer of the intensity interferometer and discoverer of the Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect, was born in this place, where he lived until 8 years old.

References

External links

 Indian Ordnance Factory website

Cities and towns in Nilgiris district
Interdynamic MP-9. The Interdynamic MP-9 is a blowback-operated, fully automatic 9 mm caliber firearm, classified by the ATF as a submachine gun. It is made of inexpensive molded polymer and stamped steel parts. 10-, 20-, 32-, 36- and 50-round magazines are available.

The MP-9 came from a design that a Swedish company Interdynamic AB of Stockholm had for a cheap submachine gun for military applications. Interdynamic was unable to drum up any interest among governments, and the subgun never entered production in Sweden. Unwilling to give up on the design, Interdynamic set up a U.S. subsidiary intended principally to market a semiautomatic version, named the KG-9 after the two principal partners, Kellgren and Garcia, to civilians. More about Kellgren and Garcia can be found under Intratec TEC-9.

Interdynamic USA was forced by the ATF to redesign the KG-9 due to its ease of being converted to full auto.  At the same time as a closed bolt being designed, per the BATF, the lower plastic receiver had to be retooled to place a metal serial number tag in the side as opposed to just stamping the serial number in the plastic magazine well.  This version was named the KG-99 and it is this gun that was offered in an open bolt submachine gun configuration designated the MP-9.  Placed side by side, the KG-99 and MP-9 upper and lower receivers are identical with the exception that the MP-9 has a bolt hold open slot milled in the upper and the tip of the muzzle has a compensation slot cut into it. Interdynamic produced a very small quantity of registered MP-9 submachine guns due to lack of demand by the general public. The MP-9 was made in two configurations, one with select fire capability and a collapsible stock (Interdynamic MP-9), and one that is fully automatic only with no stock (K-9). Production numbers are believed to be less than 50 total, perhaps as few as 24 in select-fire with the collapsible stock. More information on this type of gun can be found under Intratec TEC-DC9.

Imitation made illegally in Europe
Quantities of an illegally-made 9mm machine pistol have been seized in Europe. They are somewhat similar to the Intratec TEC-9, and are marked "Intratec TEC-9".

See also
 Intratec
 TEC-9
 Shipka
 Beretta M12
 Walther MP
 Spectre M4

References

External links
 Interdynamic MP-9 manual

Simple blowback firearms
9mm Parabellum submachine guns
Submachine guns of Sweden
Torsion box. A torsion box consists of two thin layers of material (skins) on either side of a lightweight core, usually a grid of beams. It is designed to resist torsion under an applied load. A hollow core door is probably the most common example of a torsion box (stressed skin) structure. The principle is to use less material more efficiently. The torsion box uses the properties of its thin surfaces to carry the imposed loads primarily through tension while the close proximity of the enclosed core material compensates for the tendency of the opposite side to buckle under compression.

Torsion boxes are used in the construction of structural insulated panels for houses, wooden tables and doors, skis, snowboards, and airframes - especially wings and vertical stabilizers.

References

See also 
 Tubular bridge and Fairbairn crane, the Victorian invention of the multiple torsion box, for the construction of bridges and cranes in wrought iron.

Structural engineering