omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Andrew Heafitz. Andrew Heafitz is an American inventor. He is the VP of product development at Terrafugia, a company developing a flying car.

Early life and education
Heaftiz grew up in Newton, Massachusetts and attended Newton South High School.
He was awarded his first patent when he was 19 for a camera shutter. He was the founder of TacShot, a rocket-propelled camera capable of being quickly launched and deployed to photograph an area from overhead.

Heafitz holds a SB and MS (2000) from MIT.

Awards and honors
In 2003, he was recognized on the MIT Technology Review's TR100 list.

He received the MIT Lemelson Student Inventor prize in 2002.

References

Living people
21st-century American inventors
Year of birth missing (living people)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
People from Newton, Massachusetts
People from Cambridge, Massachusetts
Newton South High School alumni
Zinagizado. The Zinagizado is an electrochemical process to provide a ferrous metal material with anti-corrosive properties. It involves the application of a constant electric current through a circuit to break the bonds and these are attached to the metal to be coated by forming a surface coating. The alloy used is called Zinag (Zn-Al-Ag); this alloy has excellent mechanical and corrosive properties, so the piece will have increased by 60% of life.

The deposition of Zinag provides environmental protection against corrosion and can be used in covering all kinds of steel metallic materials in contact with a corrosive medium. The anti-corrosive property has been obtained by the corrosion resistance of zinc achieved by the aluminium and silver addition, which is cathodically respect to the iron and steel. Cathodic protection

This process is an innovation by Said Robles Casolco and Adrianni Zanatta.

Patent called: Zinagizado as corrosion process for metals by electrolytic method. No. MX/a/2010/009200, IMPI-Mexico.

References

Further reading

Zinc alloys
Aluminium compounds
Silver compounds
Materials science
Anuj Batra. Anuj Batra is a research electrical engineer at Texas Instruments, specializing in ultrawideband wireless technology.

He holds a BS in electrical engineering from Cornell University, an MS in electrical engineering from Stanford University, and a Ph.D. in electrical engineering from Georgia Tech. In 2004, he was recognized as a "young innovator" by inclusion in the MIT Technology Review's "TR100" list.

References

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Electrical engineers
Georgia Tech alumni
Cornell University College of Engineering alumni
Stanford University School of Engineering alumni
American electrical engineers
Robert Wood (roboticist). Robert J. Wood is a roboticist and a professor of electrical engineering at the Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and the Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering at Harvard University, and is the director of the Harvard Microrobotics Laboratory. At Harvard, he directs the NSF-funded RoboBees project, a 5-year project to build a swarm of robotic bees.

Background
Wood received a BS in electrical engineering from Syracuse University in 1998. He received a PhD in electrical engineering in 2004 from the University of California, Berkeley under Ron Fearing with a thesis titled Composite microstructures, microactuators and sensors for biologically inspired micro air vehicles.

Awards
2018 Max Planck-Humboldt Medal
2014 National Geographic Emerging Explorer
2012 Alan Waterman Award
2008 MIT Technology Reviews TR35 list
2008 DOD Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers
2008 NSF CAREER Award
2008 ONR Young Investigator Program (YIP) Award
2008 AFOSR Young Investigator Program (YIP) Award
2006 DARPA Young Faculty Award

Article 

 The Robobee Project Is Building Flying Robots the Size of Insects by Robert Wood, Radhika Nagpal and Gu-Yeon Wei in the March 11, 2013 Scientific American

References 

Living people
American electrical engineers
American roboticists
UC Berkeley College of Engineering alumni
Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
Recipients of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers
Stits SA-8 Skeeto. The Stits SA-8A Skeeto is an early homebuilt ultralight design by Ray Stits. ("Ultralight" was not official classification in America at the time since Code of Federal Regulations Title 14 (Federal Aviation Regulations) Part 103, better known as 14 CFR Part 103 or just Part 103, which defined ultralight vehicles in the United States, was not adopted until 1982.)

Development
The Skeeto was initially intended to be an affordable light aircraft that could be built complete for under $500 in 1957. The fuselage was welded steel tubing, with mostly fabric covered wood construction for the wings and control surfaces. The engine for this kit venture was to be a low cost off-the shelf model.  
Test model 1 was a  Continental modified for . 
Test model 2 was a two cycle  engine with a belt reduction. 
Test model 3 used two engines on a single v-belt making it a  twin engine which flew at 25 mph. 
Test model 4 had a homelite chainsaw engine at 
Test model 5 used a Disston chain saw engine at 
Test model 6 used a Disston chain saw engine mounted inverted.
Test model 7 used an Inverted Evinrude  outboard boat motor.
Test model 8 used a right-side up Evinrude.

Operational history
Test flights were limited to the length of the runway after the aircraft was registered as a "research and development" project.  The roll rate was so low at 20-30 mph, that rudder turns were preferred. The 3-4 pound wing loading was considered impractically light for handling. An example of a SA-8 Skeeto was donated to the Claremont, California Air Museum in 1958, it is now in the EAA AirVenture Museum in Oshkosh, Wisconsin.

Specifications (Stits SA-8A Skeeto)

References

Homebuilt aircraft
1950s United States sport aircraft
Parasol-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
SA-8
Azeez Mubarak. Azeez Mohamed Mubarak (born 4 July 1951) is a Sri Lankan scientist and researcher. He was the Director/CEO of Industrial Technology Institute (formerly CISIR) from 2002 to 2012. He served as the Chief of Research and Innovation at Sri Lanka Institute of Nanotechnology from 2020 to 2022.

Born to a large family, he received his primary education at Greenland College and secondary education at the Royal College, Colombo. In 1971 he entered the University of Ceylon, Colombo graduated with a BSc first class Honours Degree in Chemistry. During his time at the university he captained the university cricket, soccer and was a member of the hockey and badminton teams.

Briefly playing cricket for the Moors Sports Club, he won the Commonwealth Scholarship to do his PhD at the University of Cambridge from 1976 to 1980. There he played First-class cricket for the Cambridge University cricket team and won blues for cricket. After gaining his PhD he went on to the University of Maryland for postgraduate research.

He is a Rotarian and a Past President of the Colombo South Rotary Club. He is married to Chitranganie (née De Silva), former Chairperson of Information and Communication Technology Agency (ICTA) and has a son and daughter. His son Jehan Mubarak has played cricket for Sri Lanka in all formats of the game. His daughter Kamakshi is currently works for the World Bank in Washington DC.

References

External links
Aziz Mubarak at ESPNcricinfo

1951 births
Alumni of Royal College, Colombo
Alumni of the University of Ceylon (Colombo)
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Living people
Sri Lankan Moors
Sri Lankan scientists
University of Maryland, College Park faculty
Cambridge University cricketers
Sri Lankan cricketers
British Universities cricketers
Sri Lankan expatriates in the United Kingdom
People from Colombo
Rohan Abeyaratne. Rohan Abeyaratne () is a Sri Lankan born American academic and engineer and the Quentin Berg Professor of Mechanics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He was the CEO & Director of the Singapore–MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (the "SMART" Centre), and prior to that the Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at MIT.

Born to L.B. "Malcolm" Abeyaratne, CCS former Secretary to the Treasury and Enid Abeyaratne, he was educated at the Royal College, Colombo where he won the Turnour Prize in 1967 and was Head Prefect in 1970. Thereafter he went on to gain his BSc in mechanical engineering from the University of Sri Lanka in 1975 where he won the E.O.E. Pereira Gold Medal. He went on to gain his MSc and PhD from the California Institute of Technology in 1976 and 1979 respectively.

Abeyaratne was Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at MIT from 2001 to 2008.  In 2008 the Governing Board of the Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) Centre  appointed him as its CEO/Director, a position he held through 2013. The SMART Centre is MIT's first, and to date only, Institutional Research Center located outside Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Abeyaratne received the MacVicar Fellowship, MIT’s highest award for education in 2000; the Quentin Berg Professorship in 2001; the Daniel C. Drucker Medal from ASME in 2010, as well as its Fellowship in 1998. In 1996 he was made a Fellow of the American Academy of Mechanics and later was elected as its President.

Publications
Among Abeyaratne's publications are;
 Evolution of Phase Transitions: a Continuum Theory, Cambridge University Press, 2006  (co-authored with J.K. Knowles)
 Lecture Notes on The Mechanics of Elastic Solids 
 Volume I: A Brief Review of Some Mathematical Preliminaries, 2006 
 Volume II: Continuum Mechanics, 2012

References

1952 births
Living people
Alumni of Royal College, Colombo
Alumni of the University of Sri Lanka
California Institute of Technology alumni
MIT School of Engineering faculty
Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Sri Lankan emigrants to the United States
American mechanical engineers
Sinhalese people
Sri Lankan engineers
Sri Lankan academics
88th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment. The 88th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment (Serbo-Croatian: 88. lovačko-bombarderski avijacijski puk / 88. ловачко-бомбардерски авијацијски пук) was a Yugoslavian aviation regiment established in 1947 as 43rd Bomber Aviation Regiment (Serbo-Croatian: 43. vazduhoplovni bombarderski puk / 43. ваздухопловни бомбардерски пук).

History

43rd Bomber Aviation Regiment
The 43rd Bomber Aviation Regimen was formed on 3 November 1947 at Sombor with former Bulgarian Air Force Soviet made Petlyakov Pe-2 bombers. It was part of 4th Aviation Bomber Division.

By 1948 this regiment was renamed like all other units of Yugoslav Army, so it became the 88th Bomber Aviation Regiment.

The commander of regiment was Drago Krivokapić and commissar was Živko Ranisavljević.

88th Regiment
The 88th Bomber Aviation Regiment was based at Sombor airfield until 1949, when it was dislocated to Velika Gorica/Pleso  airport. By year 1959 it has moved to Batajnica Air Base. It was armed with Soviet Pe-2 bombers until 1952 when they were replaced with British made Mosquito Mk 6. Mosquitos were replaced with domestic Ikarus S-49C fighters by year 1957.

By the 1961 and application of the "Drvar" reorganization for the Air Force, new type designation system is used to identify squadrons, so the two squadrons of 103rd Reconnaissance Aviation Regiment have become 235th and 236th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Squadron.

It was disbanded by the 1964 year at Batajnica. Its 236th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Squadron was also disbanded, while the 235th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Squadron has been independent in the 1st Air Corps and later attached to 98th Aviation Brigade.

The commanders of regiment were Mića Marijanović, Spasen Zarevski, Miljenko Lipovščak, Ante Sardelić, Nikola Žutić, Tomaš Samardžić, Stojan Mutić, Borivoje Petkov and Stevan Leka.

Assignments
4th Aviation Bomber Division (1947-1948)
32nd Aviation Division (1948-1959)
1st Air Command (1959–1964)

Previous designations
43rd Bomber Aviation Regiment (1947-1948)
88th Bomber Aviation Regiment (1948-1957)
88th Fighter Aviation Regiment (1957-1960)
88th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment (1960-1964)

Organization

1961-1964
88th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Regiment
235th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Squadron
236th Fighter-Bomber Aviation Squadron

Bases stationed
Sombor (1947-1949)
Velika Gorica/Pleso (1949-1959)
Batajnica (1959-1964)

Commanding officers

Equipment
Petlyakov Pe-2 (1947–1952)
de Havilland Mosquito Mk 6 (1952–1957)
Ikarus S-49C (1957-1959)
F-84G Thunderjet (1959-1964)

References

Regiments of Yugoslav Air Force
Military units and formations established in 1947
Military units and formations disestablished in 1964
Rufus Flint. Rufus Flint (born ) was a professor of English and mathematics at the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua, conducting early Central American biodiversity studies while enrolled at Cornell University. He took his degree in mechanical engineering from Cornell’s Sibley College of Engineering in 1887.

The Nicaraguan Study
In August 1887, Professor Robert Henry Thurston, director of the Sibley College of Engineering at Cornell University, presented Rufus Flint’s three-year study of Nicaragua hardwoods to the American Association for the Advancement of Science.  The impetus behind the Cornell research conducted by Flint was to assess the viability of exploiting Central American timber stands when the Northwest American forest resources were exhausted.  As Appleton’s Cyclopedia record, the study, “. . . proved that in that country there exist most valuable varieties of wood.  The present impending wood famine may, the speaker said, be averted by the use of tropical timber.”

Family
Flint was the son of an American physician,   Earl Flint.  His mother was native to the Nicaraos nation.  Dr. Flint arrived in Nicaragua from New England about 1850.  He lived mainly in the cities of Granada and Rivas, Nicaragua, until his death in the late 1890s. In the 1870s, Earl Flint became an antiquities collector for the Smithsonian Institution.  About 1878, he began working for the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology at Harvard University about 1878, sending collections and letters to the museum until 1899.  Rufus Flint donated land to build the sanctuary for the “Christo Negro”, or Black Christ, of La Conquista, Carazo, Nicaragua.  La Conquista was named for the Spanish colonial response to an indigenous rebellion against imperial authority. His son, also named Rufus Flint, was the inaugural coach of the Nicaraguan soccer team, Railroad Star, in 1924. And in 1927, Rufus Flint, Jr. served as head of Nicaragua’s National Football League.

Member
While at Cornell, he was tapped into the Phi Kappa Psi fraternity in 1885.

References 

Cornell University College of Engineering alumni
American mechanical engineers
1860s births
Year of death missing
Academic staff of the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua
Hradec substation. Hradec substation () is a collector substation connecting the 220 kV and 400 kV grid in the Czech Republic's electricity grid. It is situated in Rokle near its local part Hradec in the Ústí nad Labem Region.

Description
In Hradec the high voltage transmission lines from the surrounding lignite-fired power stations come together and the distribution of load takes place. Hradec is starting point of two high voltage transmission lines to Germany, a 400 kV line to Röhrsdorf in Saxony and a 400 kV line to Etzenricht in Bavaria. The transmission capacity of the line to Röhrsdorf, which went into service during 1976, is 2640 MW. The 220 kV link to Zwönitz, which was built in the 1950s, no longer exists. There are direct 400 kV interconnections from the substation to Tušimice and Prunéřov power stations.

The 400 kV line to Etzenricht is connected from the busbar to the termination portal on the area of the substation via an underground cable.

Lines
400 kV-lines lead to:
 Röhrsdorf (2 circuits)
 Etzenricht (1 circuit)
 Řeporyje (1 circuit)
 Mírovka (1 circuit)
 Chrást (1 circuit)
 Výškov (1 circuit)

220 kV-lines lead to:
 Vítkov (2 circuits)
 Výškov (2 circuits)

See also

 Energy in the Czech Republic

External links

 https://web.archive.org/web/20110904093546/http://www.ceps.cz/index.asp
 https://web.archive.org/web/20100215132447/http://www.ceps.cz/doc/soubory/Internet_16_10_2008/schema_siti_1_1_2009.pdf

Electric power in the Czech Republic
Schreder HP-17. The Schreder HP-17 was an American mid-wing, V tailed, single seat, experimental glider designed by Richard Schreder to test a new airfoil section.

Design and development
The HP-17 was designed to test a new airfoil section, the Wortmann FX 72 MS-150A. This airfoil is a high-lift, low drag section that Scheder thought would be a good sailplane design.

The HP-17 is all-metal in construction, except for its foam wing ribs. The wing features water ballast carried inside the wing spar. The wing also has full-span flaps and spoilerons in place of ailerons.

Operational history
The HP-17 was given its baptism of fire in the 1973 US Nationals when Schreder flew it in the FAI 15 Metre Class. The aircraft placed 38th and thus was not deemed a success. After the competition it was not used again and Schreder tuned his attention to the much more successful HP-18 instead.

The HP-17 was retained by Schreder for many years, but in April 2011 it was no longer registered, not in the National Soaring Museum and its current whereabouts are unknown.

Specifications (HP-17)

See also

References

1970s United States sailplanes
Schreder aircraft
V-tail aircraft
Silicon tetraazide. Silicon tetraazide is a thermally unstable binary compound of silicon and nitrogen with a nitrogen content of 85.7% (by molar mass). This high-energy compound combusts spontaneously and can only be studied in a solution. A further coordination to a six-fold coordinated structure such as a hexaazidosilicate ion  or as an adduct with bidentate ligands  will result in relatively stable, crystalline solids that can be handled at room temperature.

Preparation 
Silicon tetraazide is synthesized by conversion of silicon tetrachloride with sodium azide in benzene.

The reaction of silicon tetrachloride with an excess of sodium azide at room temperature in acetonitrile will result in the formation of sodium hexaazidosilicate () which by adding ligands such as 2,2′-bipyridine and 1,10-phenanthroline will result in stable silicon tetraazide adducts. Other bases such as pyridine and tetramethylethylenediamine will not react with the hexaazidosilicate ion.

Another preparation of a bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium hexaazidosilicate salt  is possible by conversion of bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium azide  with silicon tetrachloride in acetonitrile, where Ph is phenyl.

Properties 
Silicon tetraazide is a white crystalline compound that will detonate at even 0 °C. The pure compound, and also silicon chloride triazide  and silicon dichloride diazide  contaminated samples, can detonate spontaneously without clear cause. The compound is susceptible to hydrolysis. It is soluble in diethylether and benzene.

The addition compound with 2,2′-bipyridine is much more stable. A melting point of 212 °C with a melting enthalpy of 110 J/g is recorded. The DSC measurement shows at 265 °C a sharp exothermic reaction with an enthalpy of −2400 J/g. Similar results are found for the addition compound with 1,10-phenanthroline. As the hemiacetonitrile solvatated isolated compound expels solvent at 100 °C, and shows then in the DSC measurement from 240 °C onwards a strong exothermic reaction with a generated heat of 2300 J/g. The enthalpies are higher than that of sodium azide with −800 J/g, but still lower than the values encountered with classic explosives such as RDX with −4500 J/g. The addition compounds are stable in solution. It can be concluded from IR-spectroscopy and proton NMR data that no dissociation occurs in silicon tetraazide and 2,2'-bipyridine or for example 1,10-phenanthroline. The bis(triphenylphosphino)iminium hexaazidosilicate salt  on the other hand is relatively stable. The compound melts at 214 °C and shows in the DSC measurement at 250 °C a reaction. One mass spectrometry coupled thermogravimetric analysis investigation indicated as reaction products nitrogen, silicon tetraazide and hydrazoic acid.

Applications 
A practical application of free silicon tetraazide is unlikely due to the high instability. In solution the compound has potential uses as raw material for nitrogen-rich materials. One application as reagent in the manufacture of polyolefins has been patented. The stabilized adducts can serve as energetic compounds as a replacement for lead azide.

References 

Explosive chemicals
Azido compounds
Inorganic silicon compounds
Frank Koester. Frank Koester, born Franz Köster (28 August 1876, Sterkrade, Germany - 5 October 1927, New York City) was a German-American engineer and author.

Biography
He received ten years of theoretical training, with practical engineering and municipal experience in Germany, including four years of shop and field practice. After winning a gold medal for electrical engineering at the Exposition Universelle (1900), he came to the United States in 1902 and became a naturalized citizen in 1911. He was connected with the construction of the New York City subway system and other large engineering undertakings in the United States, South America, Alaska and the Philippines. Among his employers were the Guggenheim Exploration Company and the American Smelting and Refining Company A considerable part of his practice has been devoted to the design, construction and operation of power stations.

Recognizing the great potential in city planning, he made a special study of modern methods in this field, taking city planning courses at Charlottenburg College in Germany. He was a delegate to the City Planning Congress at Düsseldorf, Germany, in 1912, and to the International Congress of City Planning and City Maintenance held at Ghent, Belgium, in 1913, where he made an address; "Cooperation of Engineer and Architect in City Planning".  He also did contract work in civil engineering, street lighting and urban planning. Among his clients were the Pennsylvania cities of Allentown, Bethlehem and Scranton.

Works
 Steam Electric Power Plants (New York and London, 1908)
 Hydro-electric Developments and Engineering (New York and London, 1909)
 The Price of Inefficiency (New York, 1913)
 Electricity for the Farm and Home (New York, 1913)
 Modern City Planning and Maintenance (New York and London, 1914)
 Secrets of German Progress (New York, 1915)
 Under the Desert Stars (speculative fiction) (New York, 1923)

Sources
  Biographical introduction and an electronic version of Koester's article

External links

1876 births
1927 deaths
American engineers
American urban planners
American male writers
Emigrants from the German Empire to the United States