omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Jeffrey P. Minear. Jeffrey P. Minear was the counselor to Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr. Minear began work at the Supreme Court on September 11, 2006. Previously he had been senior litigation counsel and assistant to the Solicitor General, Department of Justice (DOJ).

Minear received his bachelor's degree in chemical engineering from the University of Utah College of Engineering in 1977. He worked as a chemical engineer for Union Carbide Corporation in Texas City, Texas, from 1977 to 1979. In 1982, he earned both a master's degree in resource policy and management from the University of Michigan School of Natural Resources and a J.D. from the University of Michigan Law School.

Following graduating from law school, Minear served for a year as a law clerk to Judge Monroe G. McKay of the Tenth Circuit. Minear then joined the Environment and Natural Resources Division of the U.S. Department of Justice, where he worked on policy, legislative, and appellate matters from 1983 to 1985. From 1985 to 1998, he was assistant to the Solicitor General at the Department of Justice, responsible for Supreme Court and appellate litigation focusing on civil, environmental, and intellectual property issues. In his position as senior litigation counsel, Minear was responsible for Supreme Court and appellate litigation and for overseeing the government's participation in all Supreme Court original actions. Minear has argued 56 cases before the Supreme Court.

Minear has held appointments as a visiting professor at Washington and Lee University School of Law and the University of Utah College of Law. He is currently an adjunct professor at Georgetown University Law Center, where he teaches a seminar on the history and role of the Office of the Solicitor General.

Minear retired from his role as counselor in September 2022, and was replaced by Robert Michael Dow Jr.

References 

21st-century American jurists
University of Utah alumni
University of Michigan Law School alumni
Washington and Lee University School of Law faculty
University of Utah faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Georgetown University Law Center faculty
University of Michigan School of Natural Resources and Environment alumni
William Reginald Dean. William Reginald Dean (1896–1973) was a British applied mathematician and fluid dynamicist. His research interests included Stokes flow, solid mechanics, and flow in curved channels. The Dean number bears his name.

Dean carried out pioneering work in the study of fluid flow at low Reynolds numbers, by applying methods from elasticity theory. Some of his more famous results include solutions for secondary flow in curved tubes, for the perturbation to shear flow near a wall caused by a gap in the wall, and for flow in a corner.

Dean was an undergraduate at Trinity College, Cambridge. He spent five years at Imperial College, and was later a fellow of Trinity College. During the war he undertook mathematical work as part of the Anti-Aircraft Experimental Section of M.I.D. He also held the Goldsmid Chair in Applied Mathematics at University College London (from which he retired in 1964), and a chair at the University of Arizona.

References 

1896 births
1973 deaths
English mathematicians
English physicists
20th-century British mathematicians
British fluid dynamicists
Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
Academics of University College London
Butterfly World. Butterfly World is located in Tradewinds Park in Coconut Creek, Florida. It opened in 1988, and it is the largest butterfly park in the world, and the first park of its kind in the Western Hemisphere. The facility houses around 20,000 live butterflies.

History
After retiring from a career as electrical engineer, Ronald Boender started raising butterflies and their food plants in his home in Florida. In 1984 he established MetaScience to help supply farmed butterflies to zoos and universities. After having visited England in 1985, where he met Clive Farrell (founder and owner of the London Butterfly House), he decided to create his own facility in Florida. Boender and Farrell entered into partnership and started planning the facility, which was to be a public attraction, but also a research facility and a butterfly farm.

Butterfly World opened on March 28, 1988. Since then it has expanded to include the largest free flight hummingbird aviary in the United States, a Lorikeet Encounter, and an aviculture research center.

Exhibits

The Paradise Adventure Aviary includes fountains with ponds, and butterflies. The Hanging Garden & Butterfly Emerging Area has display cases with hanging pupa and emerging butterflies. The Tropical Rain Forest Aviary includes a waterfall, tropical plants, free flying birds, and butterflies.

Grace Gardens is an outdoor botanical garden with flowering tropical plants. The Wings of the World Secret Garden has one of the largest collections of flowering Passion Flower vines in the world. The Jewels of the Sky Aviary is where exotic birds can be seen.

The Museum/Insectarium features exhibits of mounted specimens of beetles, scorpions, butterflies, moths, and other insects.  The Bug Zoo displays live insects including water bugs, spiders, wasps, walking sticks, and mantises.

Visitors can view the laboratory where the butterflies are raised and can see the different stages including eggs, caterpillars, and pupae.

Conservation
Passiflora Society International was established at Butterfly World to encourage research on and help share information about passion flowers, which are the source of food for many butterflies. Butterfly World has also helped establish the Boender Endangered Species Laboratory at the University of Florida, which is helping reintroduce the Schaus swallowtail to Southern Florida.

Gallery

References

External links

Zoos in Florida
Museums in Broward County, Florida
Buildings and structures in Broward County, Florida
Butterfly houses
Insectariums
Botanical gardens in Florida
Natural history museums in Florida
Aviaries in the United States
Coconut Creek, Florida
Teen Series. The Teen Series is a popular name for a group of American combat aircraft. The name stems from a series of American supersonic jet fighters built for the United States Air Force and the United States Navy during the late 20th century. The designations system was the 1962 United States Tri-Service aircraft designation system, which reset the F-# sequence. The term typically includes the Grumman F-14 Tomcat, McDonnell Douglas F-15 Eagle, General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon, and McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet.

Unsuccessful experimental and prototype fighters assigned numbers in the teen range (13–19) are generally not considered part of the series. Thus, it does not include the prototype Northrop YF-17, which later evolved into the F/A-18. Additionally, the designations F-13 and F-19 were not assigned.

See also
 Century Series (US fighters of the 1950s and early 1960s)
 F-19 (hypothetical US fighter aircraft)
 Lockheed F-117A Nighthawk
 Lockheed YF-12 Blackbird
 Northrop F-20 Tigershark
 List of military aircraft of the United States

Footnotes

Bibliography
 Spick, Mike, ed. The Great Book of Modern Warplanes. St. Paul Minnesota: MBI, 2000. .

Fighter aircraft
United States fighter aircraft
United States Teen series fighters
Backgauge. A backgauge is a mechanical system, normally attached to a brake press.  Its main function is to interface with the brake press computer numerical control (CNC), moving along several different axes in order to precisely position a piece of metal for forming.

Backgauges typically have anywhere from 1 to 6 axes of movement.  Each of these individual axes is controlled by a separate electric motor.  Often a brake press is sold to a customer in conjunction with a backgauge.

On an extrusion saw, a backgauge is responsible for feeding material at exact amounts past a saw blade.  It is responsible for the accuracy of the piece's cut length.

Machine tools
Winpepi. WinPepi is a freeware package of statistical programs for epidemiologists, comprising seven programs with over 120 modules. WinPepi is not a complete compendium of statistical routines for epidemiologists but it provides a very wide range of procedures, including those most commonly used and many that are not easy to find elsewhere. This has repeatedly led reviewers to use a "Swiss army knife" analogy. Each program has a comprehensive fully referenced manual.

WinPepi had its origins in 1983 in a book of programs for hand-held calculators. In 1993, this was developed into a set of DOS-based computer programs by Paul M. Gahlinger with the assistance of one of the original authors of calculator programs, Prof. JH Abramson  that came to be called Pepi (an acronym for "Programs for EPIdemiologists") and evolved, after its fourth version in 2001, into WinPepi (Pepi-for-Windows).  New expanded versions were issued at frequent intervals. Professor Joe Abramson died away on February 17, 2017, and since then no longer is developed. The latest update (version 11.65) was released on August 23, 2016.

The programs are notable for their user-friendliness. A portal links to programs and manuals. Menus, buttons, on-screen instructions, help screens, pop-up hints, and built-in error traps are also provided. The programs can also be operated from a USB flash drive.

WinPepi does not provide data management facilities. With some exceptions, it requires the entry (at the keyboard or by pasting from a spreadsheet or text file) of data that have already been counted or summarized.

References

External links
 

Statistical software
Biostatistics
Epidemiology
Freeware
Comparison of software for molecular mechanics modeling. This is a list of computer programs that are predominantly used for molecular mechanics calculations.

See also

Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics
Comparison of force-field implementations
Comparison of nucleic acid simulation software
List of molecular graphics systems
List of protein structure prediction software
List of quantum chemistry and solid-state physics software
List of software for Monte Carlo molecular modeling
List of software for nanostructures modeling
Molecular design software
Molecular dynamics
Molecular modeling on GPUs
Molecule editor

Notes and references

External links
SINCRIS
Linux4Chemistry
Collaborative Computational Project
World Index of Molecular Visualization Resources
Short list of Molecular Modeling resources
OpenScience
Biological Magnetic Resonance Data Bank
Materials modelling and computer simulation codes
A few tips on molecular dynamics
atomistic.software - atomistic simulation engines and their citation trends

Computational chemistry software
Computational chemistry
Software comparisons
Molecular dynamics software
Molecular modelling software
Science software
Ħal Far. Ħal Far is the largest industrial estate in Malta. It is at the southern extreme of Malta, between the localities of Birżebbuġa, Safi and Żurrieq.

In the past, Ħal Far housed the RAF Hal Far airfield, which was known as HMS Falcon when in the service of the Royal Navy.  The airfield was also used in 1954 and 1955 by the US Navy Squadron VP-11 for a tour of six months each year. VP-11 had a complement of 12 aircraft stationed there. The enlisted personnel lived in Quonset huts located within walking distance of the airport. 

The runway can still be seen and driven on, leaving Maltese drag racers to use it for drag car racing. Parts of the airfield including the hangar have been converted into detention centres for refugees and asylum seekers.

The area is also home to the historical Ħasan Cave, the Wardija Tower and the second largest Playmobil factory in the world.

References

Industrial parks in Malta
Birżebbuġa
Blume Bl.502. 

The Blume Bl.500, Bl.502, and Bl.503 were a family of four-seat light aircraft designed in West Germany by Dr Walter Blume in the late 1950s.

Design and development
Derived from his Arado Ar 79, the basic design shared by all models was that of a conventional low-wing cantilever monoplane with retractable tricycle undercarriage and all-metal construction. The Bl.500 prototype was built for Blume at the Focke-Wulf plant and was powered by a Lycoming O-320 engine of 112 kW (150 hp). This led to a modified version, the Bl.502 that achieved German type certification and was offered for sale alongside the generally similar Bl.503 with a more powerful engine.  However, no orders were forthcoming and Blume abandoned the project.

Operational history
The final example of the design, the Blume Bl.503 was still active in 1965.

Variants
Bl.500
prototype
Bl.502
intended production version with Lycoming O-320
Bl.503
proposed production version with Lycoming O-360. A single example was completed.

Specifications (Bl.502)

See also

References

 
 
 

Bl502
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
1950s German civil utility aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1957
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Butyl nitrate. Butyl nitrate is a colorless oil. It is often confused with butyl nitrite, which is sometimes used as a recreational inhalant.

Safety

Butyl nitrate is an explosive. It reacts explosively with Lewis acids such as boron trifluoride and aluminium chloride. When heated to decomposition, it emits fumes of nitrous oxide.

References

"Nitric Acid, Butylester." Butyl Nitrate (928-45-0),Butyl Nitrate (928-45-0) Manufacturers & Suppliers,Synthesis,MSDS. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Oct. 2012.

Alkyl nitrates
Butyl esters
USNS Joshua Humphreys. USNS Joshua Humphreys (T-AO-188) is a  of the United States Navy.  She was named for Joshua Humphreys, who designed the six original US Navy frigates. She entered service in 1987 and was placed in reserve just nine years later, but has twice been brought out of reserve and as of 2015 is once more on active duty.

Construction and delivery
Joshua Humphreys, the second ship of the Henry J. Kaiser class, was specially built for the Military Sealift Command (MSC). She was laid down at Avondale Shipyard, Inc., at New Orleans, Louisiana, on 17 December 1984 and launched on 22 February 1986. She entered non-commissioned US Navy service with a primarily civilian crew on 3 April 1987.

Service history

1980s-1990s
Joshua Humphreys served in the United States Atlantic Fleet under MSC control until taken out of active service on 29 June 1996, the second ship of her class to be deactivated.  She was subsequently berthed at the Naval Inactive Ship Maintenance Facility (NISMF) at the site of the former Philadelphia Navy Yard in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and placed in reserve.

2000s
Joshua Humphreys was reactivated on 23 February 2005. She was deactivated again on 1 October 2006, and again placed in reserve at the Philadelphia facility, where she was moored in the Delaware River.

2010s
In March 2010 Atlantic Marine in Philadelphia was awarded a $12.8 million contract for the reactivation of the Joshua Humphreys.
Upon reactivation, she joined the US Fifth Fleet in support of counter-piracy and counter-terrorism operations in the Indian Ocean and Gulf area.  As 11 November 2010 she was providing fuel to the  Carrier Strike Group.

Gallery

References

External links

 NavSource Online: Service Ship Photo Archive: USNS Joshua Humphreys (T-AO-188)

Joshua Humphreys
Cold War auxiliary ships of the United States
Ships built in Bridge City, Louisiana
1986 ships
Aqua scooter. The Aqua scooter was invented in 1967 by East German chemical engineer Bernd Böttger. Böttger developed his vehicle in order to escape the country across the Baltic Sea to Denmark. Today, it is produced commercially by AquaScooter Inc.

Early testing
Determined to escape the oppressive Socialist regime in the German Democratic Republic, chemical engineer Bernd Böttger decided that his best chance to reach the West would be to do so by sea. He trained as a diver and worked on developing a vehicle to aid his endeavour in his automotive workshop in Dresden. Taking the two-stroke engine from a motorcycle, Böttger attached a propeller to its driveshaft and sealed the unit inside a fibreglass mat using polyester resin. He then added a fibreglass petrol tank and handles, intending to use his home-made torpedo to drag him through the water.

Böttger's first escape attempt in the autumn of 1967 was a failure when he was caught by the Stasi on the beach at Wismar and, in spite of claiming that he only intended to test his invention and not escape, he was sentenced to a three-month prison sentence. However his detention only stiffened his resolve to escape and as soon as he was released, Böttger set about improving his design. 

His second escape attempt on 8 September 1968 was successful. Departing from Graal-Müritz and intending to reach the Danish port of Gedser, some 24 nautical miles away across the Baltic Sea, Böttger's device pulled him for nearly five hours to reach the Lightvessel Gedser Rev moored outside the port.  

When Böttger's story was reported by European news sources, an executive at Rockwell International read about it and became interested. A West German subsidiary of Rockwell offered Böttger the opportunity to develop a commercial version of his aqua scooter. In 1974, Rockwell halted development of the scooter, but the patents were bought by James Taylor in 1978. Taylor formed Aquascooter Inc and moved production to the United States.

Function
The first machine was able to pull a man through and below the waters surface for five hours at up to 3 mph. The second version had an upgraded  horsepower scooter engine and a snorkel fed breathing unit.

Present day
The Aqua scooter is still produced today by an Italian company Comer Top Kart, and can reach speeds of up to 5 mph. There are two models: the AS650 (49cc, 2HP) and the AS650 Supermagnum (51.5CC, 2.4HP)

See also
Personal water craft, also known as water scooter.

References

Soldier of Fortune magazine, June, 1980 page 32

External links 
http://www.aquascooter.com
http://www.aquascooter.it
http://www.aquascooterland.com

German inventions
Water transport
Vehicles introduced in 1978

sk:Potápačský skúter
Boeing Model 95. The Boeing Model 95 was a single engine biplane mailplane built by Boeing in the United States in the late 1920s to supplement the Boeing Model 40s being used on Boeing's airmail routes.

Development

While the Model 95 was of the same general configuration as the Model 40, it was larger and more sophisticated aerodynamically and structurally, and was optimized for freight instead of passengers. The fuselage was of far more advanced construction than its predecessor, building on what Boeing had learned about all-metal fuselages while developing the P-12 and F4B fighters, while the wing had stagger and a simplified structure.

Operational history
The majority of Boeing 95s spent their careers flying Boeing's airmail routes, however a small number did find their way to other operators.
At least one Boeing 95 was used by the Honduran Air Force as a bomber. Another Model 95 took part in Boeing-arranged inflight refuelling demonstrations in 1929 but was unsuccessful in either of the two attempts made to fly a round-trip across the continental United States without landing.

Variants
Model 95 standard production version
Model 95A one aircraft built with Pratt & Whitney Wasp engine

Operators

Honduran Air Force

Boeing Air Transport
National Air Transport

Specifications (Model 95)

Accidents and incidents
 On January 10, 1930, a Western Air Express Boeing Air Transport Boeing 95 "NC420E",while flying the US mail on CAM 4 routing from Las Vegas to Salt Lake City crashed in fog and snow south of Cedar City, UT. The pilot, Maurice 'Maury' Graham, survived the crash but died while attempting to hike out. He and the aircraft were found five months later.
 On May 24, 1931, a Pacific Air Transport Boeing 95, registration NC397E, crashed into a mountain near Bellefonte, Pennsylvania in poor visibility, killing the pilot.

See also

References

Bibliography

 
 

1920s United States cargo aircraft
1920s United States mailplanes
095, Boeing
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1928
J. Raymond Watson. J. Raymond Watson, the engineer who established Puerto Rico's toll roads system, was born in San Juan, Puerto Rico on September 7, 1935, lived in Guaynabo, Puerto Rico and died March 24, 2020.  With his wife Brunilda he had one son, John, and three grandchildren.

Education

After graduating from San Juan's Central High School in 1952, he obtained two Bachelor's degrees from the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, in Civil Engineering (Cum Laude) and in Mathematical Sciences (Magna Cum Laude) in 1956 before completing a Master's degree in Civil Engineering, with Honors, from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1958.  After completing his education, he served as an assistant professor at the University of Puerto Rico School of Engineering.

Public service

Governor Luis A. Ferré recruited Watson to serve as Executive Director of Puerto Rico's Highways Authority from 1969 to 1972.  He established what was then a revolutionary policy in Puerto Rico, the construction of toll roads in which user fees paid the cost of road-building.  As a result, the construction of the expressway between Puerto Rico's two largest cities at the time, San Juan and Ponce, leapfrogged and was completed within several years, cutting travel time by two thirds, from almost four hours to one hour and fifteen minutes.

After transforming Puerto Rico's road-building activities, Watson served as area director for the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development from 1974 until he was recruited in 1977 by Governor Carlos Romero Barceló to serve as the president of the government-owned Puerto Rico Telephone Company until 1979. In 1978 he attempted unsuccessfully to sell the phone system to private enterprise.

In private practice, he established two engineering firms, Raymond Watson and Associates and Watson & Villate.  He also headed Prescon Caribe Inc., Abarca Enterprises and served as President of the Palmas del Mar Company, a self-contained city-within-a-city in Humacao, Puerto Rico.

Watson was retired at the time of his dying on March 24, 2020, but had remained an observer of Puerto Rico's political scene and his opinions were quoted frequently in island publications.

See also
 List of highways in Puerto Rico

References

Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
20th-century Puerto Rican engineers
20th-century American engineers
People from San Juan, Puerto Rico
University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez people
1935 births
2020 deaths
21st-century Puerto Rican engineers