omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Dublin Accord. The Dublin Accord is an agreement for the international recognition of Engineering Technician qualifications.
  	
In May 2002, the national engineering organisations of Ireland, the United Kingdom, South Africa and Canada signed an agreement mutually recognising the qualifications which underpin the granting of Engineering Technician titles in the four countries. Operation of the Dublin Accord is similar as for the Washington Accord and Sydney Accord.

Signatories

See also
 Seoul Accord - computing and information technology
 Outcome-based education
 Chartered Engineer
 Professional Engineer

References

External links
 International Engineering Alliance Dublin Accord website

Engineering education
Professional certification in engineering
Railway Technical Research Institute. , or , is the technical research company under the Japan Railways group of companies.

Overview
RTRI was established in its current form in 1986 just before Japanese National Railways (JNR) was privatised and split into separate JR group companies. It conducts research on everything related to trains, railways and their operation. It is funded by the government and private rail companies.  It works both on developing new railway technology, such as magnetic levitation, and on improving the safety and economy of current technology.

Its research areas include earthquake detection and alarm systems, obstacle detection on level crossings, improving adhesion between train wheels and tracks, reducing energy usage, noise barriers and preventing vibrations.

RTRI is the main developer in the Japanese SCMaglev program.

Offices and test facilities

Main office
 844 Shin-Kokusai Bldg. 3-4-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0005, Japan

Research facilities
 Kunitachi Institute - 2-8-38 Hikari-cho, Kokubunji-shi, Tokyo, 185-8540, Japan
 Wind Tunnel Technical Center, Maibara, Shiga
 Shiozawa Snow Testing Station, Minami-Uonuma, Niigata
 Hino Civil Engineering Testing Station, Hino, Tokyo
 Gatsugi Anti-Salt Testing Station, Sanpoku, Niigata

Gauge Change Train
The RTRI is developing a variable gauge system, called the "Gauge Change Train", to allow  Shinkansen trains to access  lines of the original rail network.

Publications
 Japan Railway & Technical Review
 Quarterly Report of RTRI - Print:  Online:

See also

 British Rail Research Division
 German Centre for Rail Traffic Research
 Hydrail

References

External links
 

Organizations established in 1986
1986 establishments in Japan
Rail transport organizations based in Japan
Organizations based in Tokyo
Kokubunji, Tokyo
Railway infrastructure companies
Engineering research institutes
Japan Railway companies
Government-owned railway companies
Jalesar. Jalesar is a Nagar Palika in Etah Sub District, Etah district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. There is a fort of Awagarh near Jalesar, Awagarh is  from Jalesar It is connected by road to other towns such as Hathras, Etah, Aligarh, Firozabad and Agra.

Jalesar is located on National Highway 321G approximately  from Agra. There is road connectivity from Agra, Tundla, Awagarh, Etah, Kasganj, Soron, Ujhani, Badaun, and Bareily. Rail Connectivity exists from Jalesar to Tundla, Etah. Recently a new line also added to connect Jalesar through Rail Network to Agra.

History
Jalesar was listed in the Ain-i Akbari ( 1595) as a mahal under sarkar Agra. It was listed with an assessed revenue of 6,835,400 dams and was expected to supply 5,000 infantry and 400 cavalry to the Mughal army.

Demographics
Jalesar is a Nagar Palika Parishad in district of Etah, Uttar Pradesh. The Jalesar is divided into 25 wards for which elections are held every 5 years. The Jalesar has population of 38,130 of which 20,173 are males while 17,957 are females as per report released by Census of India 2011. Jalesar has total administration over 13,980 houses to which it supplies basic amenities like water and sewerage.

Areas
Jalesar town has several markets. Main shoppings area are Maharana Pratap circle agra road, katra chungi,  sherganj, Posti khana, Bara Bazar, Nala Bazar, Gandhi chowk, Mandi Jawahar Ganj, Mahaveer Ganj etc.

Tourism
Patna Bird Sanctuary is approximately  away on Sikandra Rao Road. In December and January, it becomes a residence of migrated birds from European and American zones. Jalesar is a town of brass and famous for its 'Pital Udhyog' which has never faded its shine. Jalesar is known for its cast Temple bells,

Famous Temples are Ram Mandir in Gali Boharan, Chintaharan Mandir & Laxmi Narayan Mandir near Govt. Hospital, Pathwari Mandir situated on road to Hathras Junction and Hanuman Mandir in Mahavir Ganj Other temples in the area are Bhairo Bagichi, Dwarkadheesh Mandir.

Famous Mosque Sunheri Masjid in Kila Road, Jama Masjid Nearby Kotwali Thana, Ek Minar Masjid in Bazar bisat Khana & Masjid Markaz in Memran.

Jalesar is famous for Saturday Jaat for which people from farther towns and villages visit to devote their respect. This has been custom for many years and being continued. Another attraction is Dargah Place which is located near old Basant Vatika and has been a place to Organize Urs Mela which is enjoyed by residents. Nearby Dargah place a Famous Shani Mandir is also situated well known for Saturday Aarti.

References

Cities and towns in Etah district
Parganas of sarkar Agra listed in the Ain-i-Akbari
M93 Hornet mine. The M93 Hornet mine was an American anti-tank mine. It was a wide-area mine, capable of attacking targets up to 100 meters away from its position.

Development
Development of the M93 began in the late 1980s in response to the Warsaw Pact's numerical superiority in armored vehicles over NATO and the Assault Breaker concept to compensate through the use of high-technology standoff weapons.

A development contract was awarded to Honeywell Defense Systems and Textron Inc. in August 1987. In April 1990, Textron was given the contract to complete development of the system.

Following the end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the threat to Western Europe by large armored formations was no longer relevant. This, combined with the M93's high unit price of US$119,190 (in 1996 dollars), led to the program's termination in 1997 after just 441 units had been produced.

The U.S. Army later pursued a weapon of a similar design in the XM204 Top-Attack Munition in the early 2020s.

Description
The M93 used both seismic and acoustic sensors to track and identify potential targets near the mine. Once the mine detected a suitable target in range, it turned to face the target and elevated the submunition launcher to the correct angle. The submunition was then fired in the direction of the target using a gas generator. An infra-red sensor on the submunition scanned the ground as it traveled, searching for the target. When the target was detected the submunition triggered a Misznay Schardin effect warhead that projected a 450 gram tantalum slug, along with a number of smaller fragments downwards towards the target in a top attack.

See also
Land mine
PTKM-1R - similar Russian mine
XM1100 Scorpion
M7 Spider
XM204 Top-Attack Munition

References

External links
GlobalSecurity.Org: M93 HORNET Family of Wide Area Munitions (WAM)
Federation of American Scientists: M93 HORNET Family of Wide Area Munitions - WAM

Anti-tank mines
Land mines of the United States
List of power stations in England. This is a list of current and former electricity-generating power stations in England. For lists in the rest of the UK, including proposed stations, see the see also section below.

Note that DESNZ maintains a comprehensive list of UK power stations.

Thermal

Non-thermal

Hydropower and wave

Other hydropower schemes
Small hydropower sites in Great Britain with no further information.

 Gayle Mill, Hawes, North Yorkshire
 Itteringham Mill
 Marlingford Mill
 Marsh Mill
 Milford Mill
 Old Walls, Dartmoor
 Oldcotes Mill
 Oswestry, Llanfordda
 Ponts Mill Scheme
 River Dart Country Park, Dartmoor
 Sonning Mill
 St. Blazey
 Sturston Mill
 Talamh Life Centre
 Tellisford Mill, Somerset
 Trecarrell Mill
 Trelubbas

Wind power
 List of onshore wind farms in the United Kingdom
 List of offshore wind farms in the United Kingdom

See also

Lists sorted by type
 List of power stations in Scotland
 List of power stations in Wales
 List of power stations in Northern Ireland
 List of largest power stations in the world

References

External links 
 Power Plants Around the World Photo Gallery
 BBC.co.uk listing
 List of stations to close as they are opted out of LCPD
 Table of Potential New Conventional Electricity Generating Plants in Great Britain November 2007
 BERR list of power stations
 National Grid's seven year statement with list of current and planned connections
 'High Merit': Existing English Post-War Coal and Oil-Fired Power Stations in Context. Historic England Research Report 86/2016

Power stations
Eng
England
Pressurized wall. Pressurized walls are a type of wall that is installed without the use of nails or screws. The term is frequently used interchangeably with "temporary walls", "flex walls" and "partition walls" to refer to walls that can be installed and removed without modifying or damaging the existing property.

They may be built using sheetrock " (6 mm) to " (16 mm) sheet rock (plasterboard), metal 2 × 3s (approx. 5 × 7 cm) or 2 × 4s, or taped, plastered and compounded. Most installation companies utilize lattice strips of wood to cover the joints of the above drywall. After the frame-out process, 1" (32 mm) sheet rock screws are used to attach the drywall to the pressurized 2×4s that contact the floor, the ceiling and the sides of the property's walls. In order to prevent structural or architectural damage, only T-nuts and leveling screw pads are used on those studs. No additional fasteners or adhesives are used to add stability to the frame work.

Generally, hollow core doors or French style doors are recommended to prevent weight overload and/or shifting of a pressurized wall. Completed walls are often painted the same color as existing walls. With the development of technologies, pressurized walls and temporary walls in general are getting more and more stable and reliable. Many landlords used to allow tenants to construct pressurized walls as long as they remove the walls before vacating the apartment. As a result, pressurized walls became especially popular in New York City, where the high cost of real estate leads many tenants to use such walls to create extra bedrooms, home offices or walk-in closets.

In mid-2010, New York City authorities started demanding that such walls be removed because they contravene building codes and can pose safety hazards.
However, no local law has been passed banning the use/installation/leasing of these pressurized walls aka pressurized partitions as the gray area has not been clearly defined by the 2008 printed/issued NYC Building Code.

References 

Types of wall
Keihan Uji Line. The  is a -long commuter rail line in Kyoto, Japan, operated by the Keihan Electric Railway. It connects Chushojima Station on the Keihan Main Line in Fushimi, Kyoto and Uji Station in Uji, Kyoto, forming an alternative route to JR West's Nara Line. All trains stop at all stations.

Stations and connections

Rolling stock
New 13000 series four-car electric multiple unit (EMU) trains were introduced on the line from April 2012, replacing the earlier 2600 series EMUs.

History
The line opened on June 1, 1913, electrified at 600 V DC.

The voltage on the line was raised to 1,500 V DC in December 1983.

See also
 List of railway lines in Japan

References

Uji Line
Rail transport in Kyoto Prefecture
Standard gauge railways in Japan
Railway lines opened in 1913
1913 establishments in Japan
Philip Holmes. Philip John Holmes (born May 24, 1945) is the Eugene Higgins Professor of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at Princeton University.  As a member of the Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering department, he formerly served as the interim chair until May 2007.

Before moving to Princeton in 1994 he taught theoretical and applied mechanics at Cornell University from 1977 until 1994, when he was the Charles N. Mellowes Professor of Engineering and Professor of Mathematics.

Holmes was educated in England at the University of Oxford, where he studied engineering from 1964 to 1967, and at the University of Southampton, where he obtained a Ph.D. in engineering in 1974.
He has made solid contributions to the field of nonlinear dynamics and differential equations. His book on dynamical systems with  John Guckenheimer is a landmark in the field. Holmes is a very creative researcher and scientist and an outstanding lecturer. The sheer breadth of his contributions to applied mathematics is illustrated by the different topics on which he published books: apart from the aforementioned book, he published a book on turbulence with John L. Lumley and Gahl Berkooz, as well as a book on knots and links in dynamical systems with Robert Ghrist and Michael C. Sullivan, and a book about celestial mechanics with Florin Diacu.

He was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1994. In  2001 he was elected an honorary member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. In 2006 he was elected a fellow of the American Physical Society, and in 2012 he was elected a fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

He also has published several collections of poetry. Among them his 1986 award-winning collection ‘The Green Road’.

Books

References

External links
  Home page at Princeton

1945 births
Living people
20th-century American mathematicians
21st-century American mathematicians
Cornell University faculty
Princeton University faculty
21st-century American engineers
Fellows of the American Mathematical Society
Fellows of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Alumni of the University of Southampton
Inland navigation. Inland navigation, inland barge transport or inland waterway transport (IWT) is a transport system allowing ships and barges to use inland waterways (such as canals, rivers and lakes). These waterways have inland ports, marinas, quays, and wharfs.

Environment 

Modern researchers have long recognised that inland navigation is a relatively environmentally friendly option for freight transport compared to other modes of transportation such as air carriage and road transport, and similar to rail freight transport. Therefore, policy makers have been aiming to shift the volume of cargo transported by more pollutive means towards inland navigation in order to reduce the overall environmental impact of transport, for example, as part of the European Green Deal (2019). To accomplish this, however, various challenges need to be tackled, including making inland navigation itself less pollutive than it has been, building larger barges and tows to increase their efficiency, and constructing or improving inland waterways navigable enough for the projected volume and size of ships (deep and wide enough, with mega-locks for differences in elevation) to avoid bottlenecks. The environmental effects of constructing, operating and maintaining inland navigation also need to be mitigated.

See also
 Water transport in India
 Central Commission for Navigation on the Rhine
 Inland waterways of the United States
 Classification of European Inland Waterways
 Code Européen des Voies de la Navigation Intérieure (European Code for Interior Navigation)
 Grand Canal (China)
 Internal waters
 Navigability
 Roll-on/roll-off car carrying ship
 Container port design process
 Container on barge

External links
Museum of Inland Navigation  (Battaglia Terme, Padua)

References

Freight transport
Water transport
Shingling. Shingling was a stage in the production of bar iron or steel, in the finery and puddling processes.  As with many ironmaking terms, this is derived from the French - cinglage.

The product of the finery was a bloom or loop (from old Frankish luppa or  lopp, meaning a shapeless mass); that of the puddling furnace was a puddled ball.  In each case, this needed to be consolidated by hammering it into a more regular shape.  This was done manually with heavy hammers; later by a waterwheel or steam powered hammers, leading to modern power hammers.  The result was an oblong-shaped iron product similar in appearance to shingles used on roofs. In the finery, this was part of the work of the finer; during puddling, it was done by a special workman called the shingler.  The iron (or steel) then had to be further shaped (drawn out) under the hammer or rolled in a rolling mill to produce a bar. In more recent times, the process was carried out using mechanical jaws to squeeze the puddled ball into shape.

References
 H. R. Schubert, History of the British iron and steel industry (1957), 285-6
 W. K. V. Gale, The iron and steel industry: a dictionary of terms (Newton Abbot, 1971), 184.

Metallurgical processes
Structural mechanics. Structural mechanics or mechanics of structures is the computation of deformations, deflections, and internal forces or stresses (stress equivalents) within structures, either for design or for performance evaluation of existing structures. It is one subset of structural analysis. Structural mechanics analysis needs input data such as structural loads, the structure's geometric representation and support conditions, and the materials' properties. Output quantities may include support reactions, stresses and displacements. Advanced structural mechanics may include the effects of stability and non-linear behaviors.

Mechanics of structures is a field of study within applied mechanics that investigates the behavior of structures under mechanical loads, such as bending of a beam, buckling of a column, torsion of a shaft, deflection of a thin shell, and vibration of a bridge.

There are three approaches to the analysis: the energy methods, flexibility method  or direct stiffness method which later developed into finite element method and the plastic analysis approach.

Energy method
Energy principles in structural mechanics

Flexibility method
Flexibility method

Stiffness methods
Direct stiffness method
Finite element method in structural mechanics

Plastic analysis approach
Plastic analysis

Major topics
 Beam theory
 Buckling
 Earthquake engineering
 Finite element method in structural mechanics
 Plates and shells
 Torsion
 Trusses
 Stiffening
 Structural dynamics
 Structural instability

References

Building engineering
Structural engineering
Solid mechanics
Mechanics
Earthquake engineering
Ball head. A ball head is a metal or plastic apparatus placed on top of a tripod that increases stability and provides faster, more accurate rotation of the camera for the photographer. They are lighter than traditional three-way pan-tilt tripod heads. With fewer parts and a much simpler mechanism, ball heads are usually preferred by more advanced photographers.  They are usually quite expensive  most professional-quality heads are more than US$200, although some heads are available for less than $100.

See also
 Tripod head

References 

Photography equipment
Ball clay. Ball clays are kaolinitic sedimentary clays that commonly consist of 20–80% kaolinite, 10–25% mica and 6–65% quartz, along with small amounts of organic matter (such as lignite) and trace amounts of other minerals such as pyrite and siderite.

They are a common raw material for various types of ceramics, where their primary roles are to impart unfired strength, plasticity or to aid rheological stability during the shaping processes. Most ball clays impart colours ranging from buff to cream to off-white when fired in an oxidising atmosphere.

The name "ball clay" is derived from the form of the extracted material when dug by spade as cubes, which then became rounded during subsequent transport, in Dorset and Devon, England during the early days of the industry during the 18th century.

In 2008, UK production of ball clay was reported to be worth £82 million, with sanitaryware manufacturers being the largest single group of end users, representing 40% by volume.

Locations

They are relatively scarce deposits due to the combination of geological factors needed for their formation and preservation. Commercial extraction of ball clays is undertaken across the world, including:
Argentina (San Julian area of Patagonia)
Brazil (various locations including the region around São Paulo - São Simão, Suzano and Ribeirão Pire)
China (various including Guangdong Province)
Czech Republic (Cheb, Plzeň, Prague, Most, S. Bohemia and W. Moravia)
Germany (various locations but the main is the Westerwald region)
Indonesia (various locations including the island of Kalimantan)
Thailand (Lampang)
United Kingdom (the Bovey Basin of south Devon, the Petrockstow Basin in north Devon and the area around Wareham in south-east Dorset)
USA (Kentucky, Tennessee and Texas)

Production output
Global production of ball clay by country for 2002-2003 was estimated to be:

Typical properties
Some selected typical properties of various UK ball clays are:

History in the UK
The ceramic use of ball clays in Britain dates back to at least the Roman era. More recent trade began when a clay was needed to make tobacco pipes in the 16th and 17th century.  In 1771 Josiah Wedgwood signed a contract for 1,400 tons a year of ball clay with Thomas Hyde of Purbeck, enabling the production of thinner-walled ceramics.

See also
Ball clay and the Stover Canal
Purbeck Ball Clay

References 

Pottery
Geology of Devon
Clay
Industrial minerals
Field mill. A field mill is a specialized instrument used for measuring the strength of electric fields in the atmosphere, one of the key parameters of  atmospheric electricity. They are used in the launch criteria for rockets bound for orbit, as well as the now-retired Space Shuttle, to avoid lightning strikes. They are also used in outdoor laboratories for lightning protection equipment to determine favorable experiment conditions, or simply to measure the atmospheric electric field away from thunderstorms.

The "mill" is a typical rotating shutter design in the instrument.  It acts as a Chopper, converting the tiny DC signal of ambient static electricity into a tiny AC signal that is easier to detect without the amplifier's DC bias swamping it.  It can be used on the ground, or deployed airborne and flown through anvil head clouds to make measurements.

KSC electric field mill network 
At Kennedy Space Center (KSC) in Florida, 31 field mills are deployed around KSC and the nearby Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. Data from the field mills help forecasters determine when electric charge aloft might trigger lightning during a launch.

References

External links
About Electric Field Mill Operation
CAMEX-4 MIPS Field Mill
Application of Airborne Field Mill Data for Use in Launch Support
Florida Airborne Field Mill Research May Improve Launch Weather Criteria
 http://www.precisionstrobe.com/jc/fieldmill/fieldmill.html Build a homemade field mill
INEO SUEZ 
Lightning Research Laboratory—University of Florida
Lightning detection

Meteorological instrumentation and equipment

fr:Détecteur de foudre#Moulin à champ