omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
PLM 241 B 1. The PLM 241 B 1 was a high-pressure steam locomotive built in 1929 for the PLM (Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée) using the Schmidt high-pressure system. It was a 4-cylinder compound design.

The manufacturer was Henschel & Sohn of Germany; it was considered unusual for a French railway to buy German technology due to the deteriorating relations between the two at the time. Schmidt and Henschel seem to have been the only sources of suitable technology. 

Only one was built. The locomotive was scrapped in 1936. 

Boiler: 3-stage boiler: 
high pressure circuit: 
secondary circuit: 
low-pressure circuit: 
Power: 
Speed (attained):

External links 
 Pictures of the PLM 241 B 

Steam locomotives of France
4-8-2 locomotives
Henschel locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1929
Experimental locomotives
High-pressure steam locomotives
Individual locomotives of France
Standard gauge locomotives of France
Scrapped locomotives
DRG H 17 206. H 17 206 was a high pressure steam locomotive built in Germany in 1925 by Henschel, on the Schmidt system. Rebuilt from a Prussian S 10.2.

The H 17 206 was not repeated.

References

External links
Hochdruck: German High-Pressure Locomotives  Loco Locomotives

17.206
4-6-0 locomotives
H 17
Henschel locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1925
Experimental locomotives
High-pressure steam locomotives
Individual locomotives of Germany
Standard gauge locomotives of Germany
Passenger locomotives
Antimony trioxide (data page). This page provides supplementary chemical data on antimony trioxide.

Also known as Sb2O3. It has a melting point of 656 °C, and a boiling point of 1550 °C.  It is a Cubic Crystal Structure with a
density of 5.2G/Cm3

Material Safety Data Sheet  
MSDS from SIRI

Structure and properties

Thermodynamic properties

Spectral data

References 

Chemical data pages
Chemical data pages cleanup
Allethrins. The allethrins are a group of related synthetic compounds used in insecticides. They are classified as pyrethroids, i.e. synthetic versions of pyrethrin, a chemical with insecticidal properties found naturally in Chrysanthemum flowers. They were first synthesized in the United States by Milton S. Schechter in 1949. Allethrin was the first pyrethroid.

They are commonly used in ultra-low volume sprays for outdoor mosquito control, and in many household insecticides such as RAID, as well as mosquito coils.

Chemical structure
Allethrin I and allethrin II differ by having a methyl group and a methyl ester, respectively, on one terminus.  Each of these allethrins consists of the eight possible stereoisomers. A partly enantiopure variant of allethrin I, consisting of only two stereoisomers in an approximate ratio of 1:1, is called bioallethrin. The same mixture of isomers, but in an approximate ratio of 3:1, is known as esbiothrin.

Toxicity
Chronic exposure to allethrins alters the plasma biochemical profile of humans and may have adverse health effects. Bioallethrin has been shown to cause oxidative damage, cellular toxicity and necrosis of human lymphocytes studied in vitro. It is highly toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates. At normal application rates, allethrin is slightly toxic to bees. Insects subject to exposure become paralyzed (nervous system effect) before dying. Allethrins are toxic to cats because they either do not produce, or produce less of certain isoforms of glucuronosyltransferase, which serve in hepatic detoxifying metabolism pathways.

Notes

References

Oregon State University (1996). Allethrin. Retrieved October 26, 2005.
Illinois Department of Public Health  Pyrethroid Insecticides Fact Sheet. Retrieved October 26, 2005.
World Health Organization (WHO)  d-Allethrin. Retrieved October 26, 2005.
Jim E. Riviere & Mark G. Papich Eds.: Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Iowa State University Press, 2009. . (p. 1194)

External links
Pyrethrins and Pyrethroids Fact Sheet - National Pesticide Information Center
Allethrin Pesticide Information Profile - Extension Toxicology Network

 
Pyrethroids
Enones
Cyclopentenes
Methyl benzoate. Methyl benzoate is an organic compound.  It is an ester with the chemical formula , sometimes abbreviated as , where Ph and Me are phenyl and methyl, respectively. Its structure is .  It is a colorless liquid that is poorly soluble in water, but miscible with organic solvents.  Methyl benzoate has a pleasant smell, strongly reminiscent of the fruit of the feijoa tree, and it is used in perfumery.  It also finds use as a solvent and as a pesticide used to attract insects such as orchid bees.

Synthesis and reactions
Methyl benzoate is formed by the condensation of methanol and benzoic acid, in presence of a strong acid. 

Methyl benzoate reacts at both the ring and the ester, depending on the substrate. Electrophiles attack the ring, illustrated by acid-catalysed nitration with nitric acid to give methyl 3-nitrobenzoate. Nucleophiles attack the carbonyl center, illustrated by hydrolysis with addition of aqueous NaOH to give methanol and sodium benzoate.

Occurrence 
Methyl benzoate can be isolated from the freshwater fern Salvinia molesta.  It is one of many compounds that is attractive to males of various species of orchid bees, which apparently gather the chemical to synthesize pheromones; it is commonly used as bait to attract and collect these bees for study.

Cocaine hydrochloride hydrolyzes in moist air to give methyl benzoate; drug-sniffing dogs are thus trained to detect the smell of methyl benzoate.

Uses 
Non electric Heat cost allocators. See: DIN EN 835.

References 

Flavors
Methyl esters
Benzoate esters
Perfume ingredients
MIDI Manufacturers Association. The MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA) is a non-profit trade organization where companies work together to create MIDI standards that assure compatibility among MIDI products. The MMA is a U.S. organization established in 1985 by the original developers of the MIDI 1.0 Specification in 1983. Since 1985 the MMA has produced 11 new specifications and adopted 38 sets of enhancements to MIDI.

See also 
Association of Musical Electronics Industry
Show control
Comparison of MIDI standards
Standard MIDI File
DLS format
XMF

References

External links 
MIDI Manufacturers Association
Interview with President Tom White at NAMM Oral History Collection, January 27, 2013.

MIDI
Organizations established in 1985
1985 establishments in the United States
Silicotungstic acid. Silicotungstic acid or tungstosilicic acid is a heteropoly acid with the chemical formula . It forms hydrates . In freshly prepared samples, n is approximately 29, but after prolonged desiccation, n = 6. It is a white solid although impure samples appear yellow. It is used as a catalyst in the chemical industry.

Applications
Silicotungstic acid is used to manufacture ethyl acetate by the alkylation of acetic acid by ethylene:

It has also been commercialized for the oxidation of ethylene to acetic acid:

This route is claimed as a "greener" than methanol carbonylation. The heteropoly acid is dispersed on silica gel at 20-30 wt% to maximize catalytic ability.

It has also recently been proposed as a mediator in production of hydrogen through electrolysis of water by a process that would reduce the danger of explosion while allowing efficient hydrogen production at low current densities, conducive to hydrogen production using renewable energy.

Synthesis and structure
The free acid is produced by combining sodium silicate and tungsten trioxide followed treatment of the mixture with hydrochloric acid. The polyoxo cluster adopts a Keggin structure, with Td point group symmetry.

Hazards 
Silicotungstic acid is an irritating and odorless substance.

References

Inorganic silicon compounds
Tungstic acids
Heteropoly acids
Coordination complexes
Mineral acids
Japan MIDI Standards Committee. The Japan MIDI Standards Committee (JMSC) is the body that ratifies and proposes MIDI standards within the Japanese manufacturing and developer community. It now operates within the Association of Musical Electronics Industry (AMEI). The JMSC ratifies MIDI as Japanese Industrial Standards through the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee.

See also 
 MIDI Manufacturers Association

References

External links 
 Association of Musical Electronics Industry (AMEI) 

MIDI
Boeing Yellowstone Project. The Boeing Yellowstone Project was a Boeing Commercial Airplanes project to replace its entire civil aircraft portfolio with advanced technology aircraft. New technologies to be introduced include composite aerostructures, more electrical systems (instead of hydraulic systems), and more fuel-efficient turbofan engines (such as the Pratt & Whitney PW1000G, General Electric GEnx, the CFM International CFM56, and the Rolls-Royce Trent 1000). The term "Yellowstone" refers to the technologies, while "Y1" through "Y3" refer to the actual aircraft. 

The first of these projects, Y2, entered service as the Boeing 787. The second project, Y3, is expected to enter service as the Boeing 777X. The Y1 project was cancelled in favor of the re-engined Boeing 737 MAX.

Yellowstone projects
Yellowstone is divided into three projects:

 Boeing Y1, to replace the 737 and 757 product lines. The Y1 covers the 100- to 250-passenger market, and is expected to be the second Yellowstone Project aircraft to be developed. Boeing submitted a patent application in November 2009, that was released to the public in August 2010, that envisions an elliptical composite fuselage, and likely signals the company's planning for the 737 successor. In early 2011, Boeing outlined plans for a 737 replacement that would arrive in 2020. In August 2011, Boeing announced the 737 MAX, an updated and re-engined version of the 737, rather than progress with Y1 concepts.
 Boeing Y2, to replace the 767 product line. It covers the 250- to 350-passenger market, and was the first completed Yellowstone project, coming to fruition as the Boeing 787 Dreamliner. Y2 initially referred to the highly efficient, more conventional, baseline aircraft for the Sonic Cruiser, which was project "Glacier". The Dreamliner competes with the Airbus A330neo.
 Boeing Y3, to replace the 777 and 747 product lines. Y3 covers the 350–600+ passenger market. The Boeing 777X is largely considered the end result of the Y3 program, which was launched by Boeing on November 16, 2013. The 777X competes with the Airbus A350.

See also

 Boeing 7X7 series

References

External links 
March 2001 Newsletter, Richard Aboulafia, March, 2001.
"Future Airliners", Aerospaceweb.org, January 5, 2003. (refers to Yellowstone as the project name for the future Boeing 787)
"Not if... but when", Flight International, July 6, 2005.

Yellowstone
Y1. Y1 has several uses including:
 Boeing Y1, the anticipated replacement for the company's existing Boeing 737 airliner
 Great Northern Y-1, an electric locomotive used by the Great Northern Railway.
 Y1 adrenocortical cell, a mouse cell line
 Y1 (railcar), a Swedish-made diesel multiple unit train
 LNER Class Y1, a class of British steam locomotives 
 Y1 (tobacco), a genetically altered tobacco
and also :
 Blue Air IATA airline code
 y1, Yellow seed 1, a sorghum gene implied in the phlobaphene pigments pathway

See also
1Y (disambiguation)
Y3. Y3 can refer to:

 Vektor Y3 AGL, a South African-manufactured Automatic Grenade Launcher
 Y-3 (fashion brand), Yohji Yamamoto's fashion line with Adidas
 LNER Class Y3, a class of 0-4-0 geared steam locomotives built by Sentinel Waggon Works
 SJ Y3, a series of diesel railcars operated by Statens Järnvägar of Sweden
 Boeing Yellowstone 3, a Boeing Commercial Airplanes project to replace the 777-300 and 747 product line with advanced technology aircraft

See also
 3Y (disambiguation)
Vought SBU Corsair. The Vought SBU-1 Corsair was a two-seat, all-metal biplane dive bomber built by Vought Aircraft Company of Dallas, Texas for the US Navy. Its design was based upon the F3U-1 two-seat fighter that was abandoned when the Navy decided not to obtain any more two-seat fighters.

Design and development
The aircraft was equipped with a closed cockpit, had fixed landing gear, and was powered by a Pratt & Whitney R-1535 radial air-cooled engine as had the F3U-1, but also included a controllable pitch propeller and a new NACA cowl with adjustable cowling gills on the trailing edge of the cowl. The adjustable cowling gills permitted better control of cooling airflow over the engine.

The SBU-1 completed flight tests in 1934 and went into production under a contract awarded in January 1935. The Corsair was the first aircraft of its type, a scout bomber, to fly faster than 200 mph. The last SBU Corsairs were retired from active service in 1941, being reassigned as trainers.

The name "Corsair" was used several times by Vought's planes; the O2U/O3U, SBU, F4U, and the A-7 Corsair II.

Operators

Argentine Navy

 United States Navy

Variants
XF3U-1
 Two-seat fighter prototype with a 700 hp R-1535-64 engine.
XSBU-1
 The XF3U-1 converted to scout bomber prototype with a 700 hp R-1535-96 engine, later used as an engine test bed.
SBU-1
 Original production order; 84 aircraft with 750 hp R-1535-82 engine.
SBU-2
 Follow-on order; 40 aircraft with R-1535-98 engines.
Model V.142A
Export version for Argentina.

Specifications (SBU-1)

Notes

Bibliography
  

Swanborough, Gordon and Bowers, Peter M. United States Navy Aircraft since 1911. London:Putnam, 1976. .

External links

SB01U
1930s United States attack aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
Carrier-based aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1933
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Ronson flamethrower. Named after a famous lighter company, the "Ronson" flamethrower was developed for mechanized applications during World War II and used by the Canadian Army and the United States Marine Corps.

The Ronson was developed by the British Petroleum Warfare Department in 1940. Having insufficient range it was passed over for British use but taken up by the Canadians for development. The "Ronson" was considered sufficient for use in the production of the "Wasp MkIIC" flamethrower variant of the Universal Carrier.

From there it came to the attention of the United States. V Amphibious Corps placed an order for 20 units followed by another for 10.  These were given to Col. Unmacht of the Chemical Warfare Service CENPAC, at Schofield Barracks, Territory Hawaii. Seabees under his command installed the Ronson units in 24 M3 Stuarts for the Battle of Saipan.  Those tanks were nicknamed "Satans". Col Unmachts men used the Ronson to develop USMC M4 Shermans with Navy Mark 1 flamethrowers. These tanks were used in the Battle of Iwo Jima.  Col Unmacht's Flamethrower Group would also install Ronsons in the first generation coaxial flame tanks designated CWS-POA-H5 (Chemical Warfare Service-Pacific Ocean Area-Hawaii).

See also
 List of flamethrowers

Notes

References
 

Flamethrowers of the United Kingdom
World War II weapons of the United States
World War II military equipment of Canada
Vehicle-mounted weapons
Plane sailing. Plane sailing (also, colloquially and historically, spelled plain sailing) is an approximate method of navigation over small ranges of latitude and longitude. With the course and distance known, the difference in latitude ΔφAB between A and B can be found, as well as the departure, the distance made good east or west. The difference in longitude ΔλAB is unknown and has to be calculated using meridional parts as in Mercator sailing.

Both spellings ("plane" and "plain") have been in use for several centuries,

Plane sailing is based on the assumption that the meridian through the point of departure, the parallel through the destination, and the course line form a right triangle in a plane, called the "plane sailing triangle".

The expressions "plane sailing" (or more commonly "plain sailing") has, by analogy, taken on a more general meaning of any activity that is relatively straightforward.

See also
Great-circle navigation
Mercator Sailing
Mid-latitude sailing
Parallel sailing
Rhumb line
Traverse sailing

References

Navigation
Alfred Noble Prize. The Alfred Noble Prize is an award presented by the American Society of Civil Engineers, as the trustee of prize funds contributed by the combined engineering societies of the United States. It is awarded annually to a person not over the age of thirty-five for a technical paper of exceptional merit published in one of the journals of the participating societies.

Established in 1929 in honor of Alfred Noble (1844–1914), past president of the American Society of Civil Engineers, the prize was first awarded in 1931. There have been several notable winners of this prize, including Claude E. Shannon in 1939.

The prize has no connection to the Nobel Prize established by Alfred Nobel, with which it is often confused owing to the similarity of their names.


Recipients

See also
 List of engineering awards
 List of awards named after people

References

Awards of the American Society of Civil Engineers
1929 establishments in the United States
Awards established in 1929
MSSTA. The Multi-Spectral Solar Telescope Array (MSSTA) was a sounding rocket payload built by Professor Arthur B. C. Walker Jr. at Stanford University in the 1990s to test EUV/XUV imaging of the Sun using normal incidence EUV-reflective multilayer optics. MSSTA contained a large number of individual telescopes (> 10), all trained on the Sun and all sensitive to slightly different wavelengths of ultraviolet light. Like all sounding rockets, MSSTA flew for approximately 14 minutes per mission, about 5 minutes of which were in space—just enough time to test a new technology or yield "first results" science. MSSTA is one of the last solar observing instruments to use photographic film rather than a digital camera system such as a CCD. MSSTA used film instead of a CCD in order to achieve the highest possible spatial resolution and to avoid the electronics difficulty presented by the large number of detectors that would have been required for its many telescopes.

MSSTA and its sister rocket, NIXT, were prototypes for normal incidence extreme ultraviolet imaging telescopes that are in use today, as well as the historic EIT instrument aboard the SOHO spacecraft, and the TRACE spacecraft. MSSTA flew three times: once in 1991 (NASA Sounding Rocket flight 36.049), once in 1994 (flight 36.091), and once in 2002 (flight 36.194). While Walker's 1991 telescope was the first in the series to carry the MSSTA moniker, the precursor to the MSSTA, the Stanford/MSFC Rocket Spectroheliograph (NASA Sounding Rocket flight 27.092), which carried two EUV telescopes in 1987, was the first mission to successfully obtain high-resolution, full-disk solar images utilizing normal incidence EUV optics. The MSSTA I flown in 1991 carried 14 telescopes; the MSSTA II flown in 1994 carried 19 telescopes; and the MSSTA III flown in 2002 carried 11 telescopes.

Several Stanford Ph.D. degrees in Physics resulted from the MSSTA program. These include those earned by Joakim Lindblom, Maxwell J. Allen, Ray H. O'Neal, Craig Edward DeForest, Charles C. Kankelborg, Hakeem Oluseyi, Dennis S. Martinez-Galarce, and Paul F.X. Boerner.

References

See also
Rapid Acquisition Imaging Spectrograph Experiment
NIXT

Spacecraft instruments
Ultraviolet telescopes
Solar telescopes
Sounding rockets
Arming plug. An arming plug is a small plug that is fitted into flight hardware to enable functions that, for instrument or personnel safety, should not be activated before flight.  In the case of a missile or bomb, the (lack of the) arming plug prevents explosion before flight; in the case of a spacecraft or scientific sounding rocket, it might prevent premature firing of a hydrazine thruster system (hydrazine is extremely toxic) or block cryogenic or photographic film systems from operating before launch.

References 

 

Aerospace engineering
Aircraft components
Rocketry
Spacecraft components
Safety equipment
Hofmann voltameter. A Hofmann voltameter is an apparatus for electrolysing water, invented by August Wilhelm von Hofmann (1818–1892) in 1866. It consists of three joined upright cylinders, usually glass. The inner cylinder is open at the top to allow addition of water which contains a low concentration of a compound such as  sulfuric acid to improve conductivity and complete the circuit. A platinum electrode is placed inside the bottom of each of the two side cylinders, connected to the positive and negative terminals of a source of electricity. When current is run through Hofmann's voltameter, gaseous oxygen forms at the anode and gaseous hydrogen at the cathode. Each gas displaces water and collects at the top of the two outer tubes.

The tubes which collect the product gases are usually graduated, so that the volume of gas can be measured.

Name
The name 'voltameter' was coined by Daniell, who shortened Faraday's original name of  "volta-electrometer". Hofmann voltameters are no longer used as electrical measuring devices. However, before the invention of the ammeter, voltameters were often used to measure direct current, since current through a voltameter with iron or copper electrodes electroplates the cathode with an amount of metal from the anode directly proportional to the total coulombs of charge transferred (Faraday's law of electrolysis). The modern name is "electrochemical coulometer". Although the correct spelling of Hofmann contains only one 'f', it is often incorrectly depicted as Hoffmann.

Uses
The amount of electricity that has passed through the system can then be determined from the volume of gas. Thomas Edison used voltameters as electricity meters.

A Hofmann voltameter is often used as a demonstration of stoichiometric principles, as the two-to-one ratio of the volumes of hydrogen and oxygen gas produced by the apparatus illustrates the chemical formula of water, H2O. However, this is only true if oxygen and hydrogen gases are assumed to be diatomic. If hydrogen gas were monatomic and oxygen diatomic, the gas volume ratio would be 4:1.
The volumetric composition of water is the ratio by volume of hydrogen to oxygen present. This value is 2:1 experimentally; this value is determined using Hofmann's water voltameter.

See also
Timeline of hydrogen technologies
Electrolysis of water

References

Electrolytic cells
Hydrogen technologies
Hydrogen production
BBP. BBP may refer to:

Science 

Bailey–Borwein–Plouffe formula, a formula for computing the nth binary digit of pi
Baseband processor, a device in a network interface that manages all the radio functions
Benzyl butyl phthalate, a plasticizer
Bloodborne pathogens, a virus that can be spread through contamination by blood and other body fluids
Branchpoint Binding Protein, a pre-mRNA processing factor involved in RNA splicing
Blue Brain Project, a Swiss brain research initiative that aims to create a digital reconstruction of rodent and eventually human brains

Places 

Bayport-Blue Point School District, a school district in Bayport and Blue Point, New York
Bembridge Airport, Isle of Wight, England (IATA airport code: BBP)
Brooklyn Bridge Park, a park on the Brooklyn side of the East River in New York City

Other 

Bayou Bridge Pipeline, an oil pipeline constructed from 2017 to 2019 in Louisiana that was the subject of protests due to its environmental impact
Best Business Practice, a method or technique that has consistently shown results superior to those achieved with other means, and that is used as a benchmark
Binibining Pilipinas, a Filipino beauty pageant
BullionByPost, a British online bullion retailer
Bobby's Burger Palace, a group of fast casual restaurants which opened in July 2008 in Lake Grove, New York
"Boom Boom Pow", a 2009 song by The Black Eyed Peas
British Bangladeshi Power 100, an annual publication listing the 100 leading British Bangladeshi figures
Great Union Party (Turkish: Büyük Birlik Partisi), an extreme far-right nationalist political party in Turkey