omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Army Service Academy. The Army Service Academy (; formerly known as the Logistical Engineering University of PLA or University of Logistics) is a military-affiliated college in Chongqing. It is affiliated to the General Logistics Department of the People's Liberation Army.

It was founded in 1961.

Facilities
University of Logistics, established in 1961, is at Majiabao and Xietaizi in the city of Chongqing. It covers over 1300 acres, with building area over 400 thousand square meters.

There are over 650,000 books in the library, and it has area network and E-reading rooms. It has a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

It has 248 professors and associate professors, 13 PHD supervisors, and 91 postgraduate supervisors, 49 of which are benefited from the government’s special allowance.

Disciplines and courses

 Architecture
 Structural Engineering
 Underground Engineering
 Plumbing and Heating and Ventilation Engineering
 Power System and Automation
 Oil Storage and Transportation Automation
 Command Automation Engineering
 Oil Storage and Transportation Engineering
 Oil Chemistry
 Warehouse Automation
 Barracks Management
 Military Warehouse Management
 Barracks Device Management
 Oil Machinery and Equipment and Automation
 Fuel Management
 Fuel Quality Measurement Management
 Environmental Engineering

Post-doctoral research center

 Chemical Engineering and Technology

Doctorate authorization
Geotechnical Engineering
Applied Chemistry
Petroleum and Natural Gas Storage and Transportation

Master's authorization

State-level key discipline

 Petroleum and Natural Gas Storage and Transportation

Provincial and municipal key discipline

Petroleum and Natural Gas Storage and Transportation
Applied Chemistry
Logistics
 Management Science and Engineering

Military key laboratory

 Military underground construction lab

Provincial key laboratory

Experimental Center of Petroleum and Natural Gas Storage and Transportation
Oil testing and assessment center

External links
 Logistical Engineering University website

Universities and colleges established in 1961
Universities and colleges in Chongqing
Military education and training in China
1961 establishments in China
Maritime Air Charter. Maritime Air Charter Limited is an on-demand aircraft charter company based at Halifax Stanfield International Airport in Enfield and Halifax Regional Municipality, Canada. It operates passenger and cargo services.

History 
Maritime Air Charter Limited began operations in July 1996 with a Piper Navajo and has had several fleet changes throughout the years, including operation of three PA-31 aircraft, a BN-2 Islander, and a BE10 King Air 100. It currently operates a Beechcraft 200 King Air purchased in 2012, C-GUND.

Fleet
As of September 18, the Maritime Air Charter fleet is a Super King Air 200.

References

External links

Maritime Air Charter Limited
Halifax Stanfield International Airport

Airlines established in 1996
Regional airlines of Atlantic Canada
1996 establishments in Nova Scotia
Companies based in Halifax, Nova Scotia
Charter airlines of Canada
Jacmel Arrondissement. Jacmel () is an arrondissement in the Sud-Est department of Haiti. As of 2015, the population was 338,728 inhabitants.

Postal codes in the Jacmel Arrondissement start with the number 91.

The arrondissement consists of the following communes:
 Jacmel
 Cayes-Jacmel
 La Vallée
 Marigot

History

2010 7.0 earthquake

Recovery 
In December 2010, the Capponi Construction Group, a Miami-based construction company decided to help with the revitalization of a Jacmel. This initiative was created to help stimulate a self-sustained tourism economy for Haiti. Michael Capponi, founder of the Capponi Group, formed the Jacmel Advisory Council to help revitalize Jacmel, while preserving its arts, culture and traditions. The board promotes best practices to provide a socio-economic system for thousands of Haitians living in the south east region. Capponi Group Haiti is also restoring a 200-year-old coffee sorting house on the port of Jacmel.

Jacmel, a city with many French colonial heritage buildings, was devastated by a 7.0 magnitude tremblor on 12 January 2010, collapsing much of its heritage architecture.

Facilities
The largest health centre/hospital in the region is Saint-Michel in Jacmel. It was severely damaged in the 12 January 2010 earthquake.

References

Arrondissements of Haiti
Sud-Est (department)
Cluster Exploratory. Cluster Exploratory (CluE) was a proposed 2008 U.S. National Science Foundation-funded program to use Google-IBM cluster technology to analyze massive amounts of data to search for patterns, part of the Academic Cluster Computing Initiative (ACCI). "The cluster will consist of 1,600 processors, several terabytes of memory, and hundreds of terabytes of storage, along with the software, including IBM's Tivoli and open source versions of Google File System and MapReduce". Google and IBM announced the first pilot phase of the ACCI in October 2007. The program ended in 2011, according to Google. NSF's call for proposals has been "archived".

References

National Science Foundation
Bavarian B VII. The Bavarian B VII was an experimental locomotive with the Royal Bavarian State Railways (Königlich Bayerische Staatsbahn).

These turf-fired locomotives were the first ones delivered by Krauss to the state railways in Bavaria. They resembled the 0-4-0 vehicles of the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg State Railways (Großherzoglich Oldenburgische Staatseisenbahnen). They were equipped with a water tank frame and Allan valve gear with outside cylinders. They were rebuilt once during its short career, the boiler overpressure being changed. The locomotives, known as the Angry Seven (Böse Sieben) by crews, were retired in 1877 after just 9 years in service.

They were equipped with tenders of the Bavarian class 3 T 6.7.

See also 
Royal Bavarian State Railways
 List of Bavarian locomotives and railbuses

References

External links 
 Railways of Germany forum

0-4-0 locomotives
B 07
Standard gauge locomotives of Germany
Krauss locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1868
B n2 locomotives
Passenger locomotives
Donald F. Holmes. Donald Fletcher Holmes (September 29, 1910 – October 13, 1980) was an American chemist and inventor. Holmes, along with William Hanford, invented the process for making the multipurpose material polyurethane. He received the polyurethane patent in 1942. Mixing polyols and hydroxyl compounds with di-isocyanates is the basis today for the manufacture of all polyurethanes. Polyurethane can be used in, but is not limited to, life-saving artificial hearts, safety padding in modern automobiles, and in carpeting.

Holmes was born in Woodbury, New Jersey. In 1931, he earned a Bachelor of Science in Organic Chemistry from Amherst College in Massachusetts. He would later earn a master's and doctorate from the University of Illinois. Holmes was posthumously inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame in 1991.

Key patent
Hanford, U.S. Patent 2,284,896, “Process For Making Polymeric Products And For Modifying Polymeric Products”

References

1910 births
1980 deaths
20th-century American chemists
Amherst College alumni
People from Woodbury, New Jersey
Scientists from New Jersey
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign alumni
20th-century American inventors
Luciano Pietronero. Luciano Pietronero (born 15 December 1949) is an Italian physicist (statistical physics) and full professor at the department of Physics at the Sapienza University of Rome. 
He is also Director of the Institute of Complex Systems of the National Research Council (Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche).

Biography
Pietronero was born in Rome and obtained a degree in Physics there in 1971. He is married, has two children and lives in Rome.

Career
He worked first at the Xerox Webster research Center and then the Brown Boveri Research Center where he stayed until 1983. After that he moved to Groningen in the Department of Physics as Professor of Condensed Matter Theory. He is now a full professor of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Roma "La Sapienza".

In 2004 Pietronero founded the CNR Institute of Complex Systems (ISC). The Institute includes more than 200 scientists (in various locations in Rome and Florence) from different groups of CNR, INFM, INOA and Universities.

He was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society in 1990 "for contributions to the theory of fractals, including the dielectric-breakdown model and his extensions of the theory of diffusion-limited aggregation and applications of fractal methods to astronomy"  In 2007 he was the chairman of the 23rd edition of the STATPHYS conference held in Genova. In 2008 he was awarded the Enrico Fermi Prize, the top prize of the Italian Physical Society.

He has contributed to the study of fitness economics, an aspect of complexity economics.

Pietronero is author of about 350 scientific papers, mostly in leading international scientific journals like Nature; Physical Review Letters; Rev. Mod. Phys.; Physics Reports; Phys. Rev. B ed E; Europhys. Lett.; Physica A; Journal of Physics etc. (Above 5000 ISI citations). He is also the author of a monographic volume and the editor of several volumes of proceedings.

Books
 Statistical Physics for Cosmic Structures, by A. Gabrielli, F. S. Labini, M. Joyce and L. Pietronero, was published by Springer in 2004.

References

External links
 Home Page
 Short CV

1949 births
Living people
20th-century Italian physicists
Fellows of the American Physical Society
National Research Council (Italy) people
21st-century Italian physicists
PIATS. PIATS (Product Identification, Authentication and Tracking System) is a barcoding system, mainly used in China.

PIATS barcode printing requirements
 A unique variable barcode printed or applied onto each primary/secondary package.
 Barcode type: UCC/EAN 128 (Multi) of 20 numbers, AI (Application Identifier)=21
 Density: >=7 mils, 10 mils is recommended. 
 Code length=28 mm under 7 mils
 Code length=42.5 mm under 10 mils
 Bar height: >=8 mm
 Grade: >C (1.5)
 Quiet zone: >=1.5 mm for each zone

Note: 
 The AI value is not shown in the human readable data.
 The human readable number is split into 4 groups as above to make it easier for human reading.

Types of commodities listed in PIATS legislation
Household appliances
Floor
Cable and wire
Fertilizer
Gas oven
Personal protective equipment
Electric heating under blanket
Food (including beverage, dairy)
Cosmetics

Each category includes more than one sub-category, totally 69 types of commodities.

Where to print or apply PIATS barcode
 Compulsory on primary packaging of the above 9 categories, or can be compromised onto secondary packaging if technology is limited. The latter is applicable only to dairy, beverage and cosmetics sectors at the moment.
 Compulsory on secondary packaging without compromise
 Option on tertiary packaging if commodity producer is willing to print or apply.

How to code PIATS barcode onto packaging
 Directly printing barcode on packaging in line with production facilities
 Pre-print PIATS label and then apply it on packaging

External links
PIATS website (Chinese only)

Barcodes
OCCI. OCCI may refer to:

Online Civil Courage Initiative, a partnership between the Institute for Strategic Dialogue and Facebook 
Ontario Case Costing Initiative, see Canadian Institute for Health Information
Ontario Consortium for Cardiac Imaging, a project of Sunnybrook Research Institute
Open Cloud Computing Interface, an open protocol for cloud computing
Oracle C++ Call Interface, a proprietary database API
 Osaka Chamber of Commerce and Industry; see Inabata Katsutaro
RPG-76 Komar. RPG-76 Komar (eng. Mosquito) is a disposable one-shot anti-tank grenade launcher that fires an unguided anti-tank rocket-propelled grenade.
The weapon was designed as a smaller and lighter alternative to the RPG-7, especially for use by airborne troops. Thanks to jet nozzles located between the warhead and the fuel compartment, it can be fired from inside of a building or a vehicle.

Design phase
In 1971, the Polish Military Institute of Defense Technology initiated project “Argon,” aimed at developing an anti-tank grenade launcher with a single-use launch tube as a  supplement for the RPG-7. Two versions were considered: a recoilless rifle and a rocket-propelled grenade launcher.  Because of earlier experience gained during the development of the rocket-assisted PGN-60 rifle grenade used by the Kbkg wz. 1960 rifle grenade launcher, the project eventually settled on the rocket-propelled grenade design. At this stage, the Polish design team (Z. Zborowski, K. Kowalewski, T. Witczak, Z. Kapustka, A. Perełkowicz, K. Laskowski, Z.Kupidura) was supplemented by a team of Bulgarian scientists from the Military Institute of Research and Development in Sofia, whose task was to develop the rocket engine and the launcher. The first prototype was presented in 1973, at the III Central Military Invention and Rationalization Exhibition. At the time, the weapon was designated “HEAT grenade with single use launch tube RPG-73.” A series of prototype launchers was produced in 1980. In the following years, the Polish-Bulgarian cooperation broke down and the development of the launcher continued in Poland only.

Operational history
The weapon was adopted by the Polish Army in 1985 as the "RPG-76 Komar". With the warhead incapable of penetrating the front armor of modern western tanks it became an auxiliary weapon, not replacing standard issue RPG-7 grenade launchers in infantry squads. It was produced in the Precision works in Niewiadów, Poland. Around 100,000 were manufactured between 1983 and 1995.

In late 1990s it was withdrawn from front line units and store due to limited anti-tank capabilities and increased safety demands (a lack of self-destructor). Polish deployments in Iraq and Afghanistan changed this policy, and the weapon was deployed to troops, using the Komar in Iraq and in Afghanistan. Polish soldiers also used a small number of heavier multipurpose Carl Gustav recoilless rifles using a variety of modern ammunition types.

The weapon is shipped in wooden crates, each launcher is sealed in an airtight plastic sheet and 6 launchers are placed in each crate.

Komar is an effective anti-personnel weapon, against light armored vehicles and firing posts.

In March 2022, Poland started to deliver surplus RPG-76 to Ukraine as a response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Users

Current users

Former users

Similar weapons

References

Rocket-propelled grenade launchers
Anti-tank rockets
Weapons of Poland
Military equipment introduced in the 1980s
Disposable products
Bavarian B IX. The B IXs of the Royal Bavarian State Railways (Königlich Bayerische Staatsbahn), built from 1874, were the first express train locomotives in Bavaria. (N.B. The engines described here are not to be confused with the B IX steam engines built in 1870 and described under Bavarian B IX (1870).)

As a result of the boiler being positioned low and the rear driving axle being under the outer firebox there was no longer any overhanging weight and the speed of the engine could be increased to 90 km/h. The locomotive could also haul a 150-ton train on the level at a speed of 70 km/h. The engines, retaining the design of their forerunners, had an outside locomotive frame and Stephenson valve gear. The units taken over by the Reichsbahn were run under the operating numbers 34 7421–7440. The locomotives built from 1874 were retired by 1924. 

At the Deutsches Museum in Munich a sectioned example has been preserved. Parts of the collection, including the B IX, are stored in the Freilassing Locomotive World (Lokwelt Freilassing) museum in Freilassing due to a shortage of space.

The vehicles were coupled to Bavarian 3 T 10,5 tenders.

See also 
 Royal Bavarian State Railways
 List of Bavarian locomotives and railbuses

External links
 Railways of Germany forum

2-4-0 locomotives
B 09
Maffei locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Germany
Railway locomotives introduced in 1874
1B n2 locomotives
Passenger locomotives
Bavarian B X. The B X steam engines of the Royal Bavarian State Railways (Königlich Bayerische Staatsbahn) were express  locomotives in Bavaria. The vehicles had an inside locomotive frame, the cylinders lay behind the carrying axle and the steam inlet pipes ran in front of the boiler. Twelve locomotives were delivered with compound engines; two with simple, two-cylinder engines. The latter were converted to compound working in 1896 however.

All examples were taken on by the Deutsche Reichsbahn and retired between 1922 and 1924. According to the provisional renumbering plan of 1923 they were to be allocated operating numbers 34 7501 to 7513, but they did not appear in the final renumbering plan.

The engines were equipped with Bavarian 3 T 12 tenders.

See also 
Royal Bavarian State Railways 
 List of Bavarian locomotives and railbuses

2-4-0 locomotives
B 10
Standard gauge locomotives of Germany
Railway locomotives introduced in 1889
1′B n2 locomotives
Krauss locomotives
Passenger locomotives
Schwartzkopff-Eckhardt bogie. A Schwartzkopff-Eckhardt bogie ( or Schwartzkopff-Eckhardt-Gestell) is a mechanical device to improve the curve running of steam locomotives.

The Schwartzkopff-Eckhardt bogie is a further refinement of the Krauss-Helmholtz bogie, whereby two coupled axles and the carrying axle are combined within the bogie. The carrying axle steers the second coupled axle via a long shaft and this also moves the first coupled axle via a Beugniot lever. This bogie is used on the DRG Class 84. Whether DR Class 99.23-24 locomotives were also fitted with this arrangement is not entirely clear.

It was named after the L. Schwartzkopff locomotive factory and its chief engineer, Friedrich Wilhelm Eckhardt.

See also
DRG Class 84 
DR Class 99.23-24

References 
Friedrich Wilhelm Eckhardt: Das Fahrgestell der Dampflokomotiven, Transpress, Berlin 1960
Friedrich Wilhelm Eckhardt: Lokomotivkunde. H. 5. Das Fahrgestell der Dampflokomotiven, Fachbuchverlag Leipzig, 1957

External links
 

Steam locomotive technologies
Bogie
World Standards Day. World Standards Day (or International Standards Day) is an international day celebrated on 14 October each year. The day honours the efforts of the thousands of experts who develop voluntary standards within standards development organizations such as the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants (IESBA), International Organization for Standardization (ISO), International Telecommunication Union (ITU), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). The aim of World Standards Day is to raise awareness among regulators, industry and consumers as to the importance of standardization to the global economy.

14 October was specifically chosen to mark the date, in 1946, when delegates from 25 countries first gathered in London and decided to create an international organization focused on facilitating standardization. Even though ISO was formed one year later, it wasn't until 1970 that the first World Standards Day was celebrated.

Around the globe, various activities are chosen by national standards bodies and intergovernmental organizations to commemorate the date.

The Standards Council of Canada (SCC), Canada's national accreditation body, celebrates World Standards Day together with the international community by observing the day near the dates of the international observance. In 2012 SCC celebrated World Standards Day on Friday, 12 October.
The World Trade Organization, for the celebration of World Standards Day, 14 October 2020, discussed the TBT Committee's Six Principles for the development of international standards
The United States holds an annual U.S. Celebration of World Standards Day, though the U.S. Celebration of World Standards Day planning committee held theirs on 12 October in 2023. In 2024, U.S. Celebration of World Standards Day was held on November 14, a month after World Standards Day.

Notes

References 
 International Organization for Standardization "World Standards Days - 14 October from 1998 till 2013."
 Standards Council of Canada "2012: SCC will be celebrating Friday October 12th"

External links 
 World Standards Day Site
 Standards Council of Canada (SCC)

International observances
October observances
Standards
Photo–Dember effect. In semiconductor physics, the photo–Dember effect (named after its discoverer Harry Dember) is the formation of a charge dipole in the vicinity of a semiconductor surface after ultra-fast photo-generation of charge carriers.

 The dipole forms owing to the difference of mobilities (or diffusion constants) for holes and electrons which combined with the break of symmetry provided by the surface lead to an effective charge separation in the direction perpendicular to the surface. In an isolated sample, where the macroscopic flow of an electric current is prohibited, the fast carriers (often the electrons) are slowed and the slow carriers (often the holes) are accelerated by an electric field, called the Dember field.

One of the main applications of the photo–Dember effect is the generation of terahertz (THz) radiation pulses for terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. This effect is present in most semiconductors but it is particularly strong in narrow-gap semiconductors (mainly arsenides and antimonides) such as InAs and InSb owing to their high electron mobility. The photo–Dember terahertz emission should not be confused with the surface field emission, which occurs if the surface energy bands of a semiconductor fall between its valence and conduction bands, which produces a phenomenon known as Fermi level pinning, causing, at its time, band bending and consequently the formation of a depletion or accumulation layer close to the surface which contributes to the acceleration of charge carriers. These two effects can contribute constructively or destructively for the dipole formation depending on the direction of the band-bending.

See also
 Photoelectrochemical process

References

Semiconductors
Terahertz technology
Optoelectronics
Concurrent estimation. In discrete event simulation concurrent estimation  is a technique used to estimate the effect of alternate parameter settings on a discrete event system. For example from observation of a (computer simulated) telecommunications system with a specified buffer size , one estimates what the performance would be if the buffer size had been set to the alternate values . Effectively the technique generates (during a single simulation run)  alternative histories for the system state variables, which have the same probability of occurring as the main simulated state path; this results in a computational saving as compared to running  additional simulations, one for each alternative parameter value.

The technique was developed by Cassandras, Strickland and Panayiotou.

References

Control theory
Events (computing)
NYK Vega. NYK Vega is a container ship, operated by Nippon Yusen Ship Management. The vessel has a capacity of 8,600 containers in company calculations and 9,012 TEU  in International Maritime Organization calculations. The difference comes from the use of a different method of stowing in checking the ship's stability.

Design 
NYK Vega was built in 2006 by Hyundai Heavy Industries, when it was one of the largest and most modern container carriers of the world shipping, at  long,  wide and a fully loaded draft of .  The deadweight tonnage of NYK Vega is about 94,000 metric tons and the gross tonnage of the ship is 97,825. She has a maximum speed of  and a cruising speed of . NYK Vega is powered by MAN B&W 12K98MC engines with a power of . She sails under the Panamanian flag.

Bridge equipment 
Navigation is carried out using two electronic charts which integrate GPS, dGPS, AIS and ARPA, which usually allows the position of the ship to be plotted with an accuracy of 100 meters.  NYK Vega’s computers also assist in the efficient loading and unloading of the cargo and containers.

References

External links
Nippon Yusen

Container ships
Ships of the NYK Line
Merchant ships of Panama
2006 ships
Ships built by Hyundai Heavy Industries Group