omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Jasper A. Vrugt. Jasper A. Vrugt (born 1976) is a Dutch scientist/engineer/applied mathematician known for his work in the earth sciences: surface hydrology, soil physics, hydrogeophysics, hydrometeorology, and geophysics. Vrugt is a professor at the University of California, Irvine and holds a joint appointment in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and the Department of Earth System Science. He also holds a part-time appointment as associate professor at the University of Amsterdam, Faculty of Science (CGE).

Life and career

Vrugt has received several awards.  He received the 2011 Donath Medal (Young Scientist Award) of the Geological Society of America (GSA). As recipient of this medal, Dr. Vrugt was made GSA Fellow in 2012. In 2010, he received the James B. Macelwane Medal of the American Geophysical Union (AGU) for outstanding contributions in surface hydrology, soil physics, and hydrometeorology, and was simultaneously elected AGU Fellow. In the same year, he was also recognized with the Outstanding Young Scientist Award from the European Geosciences Union (EGU),. Vrugt is the first scientist to receive all three honors:  the Donath Medal (GSA), James B. Macelwane Medal (AGU) and the Outstanding Young Scientist Award (EGU).

He  is Associate Editor of  Water Resources Research.

List of scientific accomplishments and awards

Awards and recognition
Sir Frederick McMaster Fellowship, CSIRO
Fellow, Geological Society of America (GSA)
Editors' Choice Award, Water Resources Research, American Geophysical Union
Fellow, American Geophysical Union
Young Scientist Award (Donath Medal), Geological Society of America
Young Outstanding Scientist Award, European Geophysical Union
James B. Macelwane Medalist, American Geophysical Union
Early Career Award in Soil Physics, Soil Science Society of America
Hydrology Prize 2004 - 2006, Netherlands Hydrological Society (NHV)
Elsevier Top 50 of most talented young people in the Netherlands

Photographs

References

External links 
 Vrugt's Publications
 faculty.sites.uci.edu/jasper/
 University of California, Irvine
 University of Amsterdam, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED)
 Nederlandse Hydrologische Vereniging (NHV) / Dutch Hydrology Society 
 Water Resources Research
 Vadose Zone Journal
 Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
 Elsevier: Environmental Modeling & Software 
 Sir Frederick McMaster Fellowship 

/

Living people
1976 births
Academic staff of the University of Amsterdam
Hydrologists
University of Amsterdam alumni
University of California, Irvine faculty
Scientists from Amsterdam
Fellows of the Geological Society of America
Fellows of the American Geophysical Union
Jam2jam. jam2jam is a family of audiovisual software for collaborative performance. The systems use generative algorithms for audio and visual material whose parameters are controlled by users with either a graphical user interface or external hardware controllers. jam2jam software applications can connect over local networks or the internet allowing real-time collaboration. This type of functionality is referred to as Network Jamming and is the topic of ongoing research.

Description 

The jam2jam software has been primarily employed to enable access to collaborative audiovisual performances, and is used in education and community arts settings. The software has also found application in assisting people with disabilities to participate in playful arts activities.

The Network Jamming research that surrounds the use of jam2jam is built on a constructivist epistemology and encourages learning about audio and visual media through interactive performances and making by video recording the performances. The jam2jam software facilitates this philosophical approach by enabling collaboration through network connections and allows performances to be recorded for review and sharing. There are a number of academic publications describing this research.

References

External links 
 

Computer music software
Educational software
Piola–Kirchhoff stress tensors. In the case of finite deformations, the Piola–Kirchhoff stress tensors (named for Gabrio Piola and Gustav Kirchhoff) express the stress relative to the reference configuration. This is in contrast to the Cauchy stress tensor which expresses the stress relative to the present configuration. For infinitesimal deformations and rotations, the Cauchy and Piola–Kirchhoff tensors are identical.
Whereas the Cauchy stress tensor  relates stresses in the current configuration, the deformation gradient and strain tensors are described by relating the motion to the reference configuration; thus not all tensors describing the state of the material are in either the reference or current configuration. Describing the stress, strain and deformation either in the reference or current configuration would make it easier to define constitutive models (for example, the Cauchy Stress tensor is variant to a pure rotation, while the deformation strain tensor is invariant; thus creating problems in defining a constitutive model that relates a varying tensor, in terms of an invariant one during pure rotation; as by definition constitutive models have to be invariant to pure rotations). The 1st Piola–Kirchhoff stress tensor,  is one possible solution to this problem. It defines a family of tensors, which describe the configuration of the body in either the current or the reference state.

The first Piola–Kirchhoff stress tensor, , relates forces in the present ("spatial") configuration with areas in the reference ("material") configuration.

where  is the deformation gradient and  is the Jacobian determinant.
In terms of components with respect to an orthonormal basis, the first Piola–Kirchhoff stress is given by

Because it relates different coordinate systems, the first Piola–Kirchhoff stress is a two-point tensor. In general, it is not symmetric. The first Piola–Kirchhoff stress is the 3D generalization of the 1D concept of engineering stress.
If the material rotates without a change in stress state (rigid rotation), the components of the first Piola–Kirchhoff stress tensor will vary with material orientation.
The first Piola–Kirchhoff stress is energy conjugate to the deformation gradient.
It relates forces in the current configuration to areas in the reference configuration.

The second Piola–Kirchhoff stress tensor, , relates forces in the reference configuration to areas in the reference configuration. The force in the reference configuration is obtained via a mapping that preserves the relative relationship between the force direction and the area normal in the reference configuration.

In index notation with respect to an orthonormal basis,

This tensor, a one-point tensor, is symmetric.
If the material rotates without a change in stress state (rigid rotation), the components of the second Piola–Kirchhoff stress tensor remain constant, irrespective of material orientation.
The second Piola–Kirchhoff stress tensor is energy conjugate to the Green–Lagrange finite strain tensor.

References
 J. Bonet and R. W. Wood, Nonlinear Continuum Mechanics for Finite Element Analysis, Cambridge University Press.

Tensor physical quantities
Rans S-19 Venterra. The Rans S-19 Venterra (English: wind over the earth) is an American single-engined, tractor configuration, two-seats in side-by-side configuration, low-wing monoplane designed by Randy Schlitter as a light-sport aircraft and manufactured by Rans Inc. The Venterra is available as a complete factory-built aircraft and in kit form for amateur construction.

Design and development
The S-19 was designed by Randy Schlitter in 2007 as a purpose-built aircraft to capitalize on the new US LSA category. The intention was to offer the aircraft as a factory-complete Special LSA and as a kit-built Experimental LSA or amateur-built..

Unlike most other Rans models, which feature a welded 4130 steel tube cockpit with a bolted aluminum tube rear fuselage, the S-19 is an aluminum  semi-monocoque design, with stressed skin construction supported with bulkheads, formers and stringers. The fuselage, wing and tail surfaces are covered in sheet aluminum. The wings are equipped with flaps.

The S-19 has tricycle landing gear with a fully castering nosewheel and steering via differential main wheel braking. The standard engine is the  Rotax 912ULS of .

The designer originally intended to break with the company tradition of providing a name for the aircraft and just designate the aircraft as "S-19". Early aviation media reports referred to it as the "S-19 Sport Plane". But after confusion and inquiries by air traffic control during early flights, Schlitter decided a name was needed, saying, "It is a bit of poetic license, but with 19 designs it has become a challenge to create names that are original, we like the sound of Venterra over the radio, it is easy to say, and should satisfy ATC."

Operational history
In March 2017 there were 41 S-19s registered in the United States, none in Canada and one in the UK.

Variants
S-19
Initial version, kit-built aircraft for the US ELSA or experimental amateur-built categories, powered by a  Rotax 912ULS
S-19LS
Factory-built version, for the US SLSA category, powered by a  Rotax 912ULS

Accidents and notable incidents

On 25 June 2017 a Rans S-19 crashed near Hyde, Central Otago, New Zealand, resulting in one death and one serious injury. The Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand investigation found that the design of the stabilator anti-servo tab trim control resulted in inadvertent activation and a sudden departure from controlled flight. The investigation led to the issuance of a Continuing Airworthiness Notice about deficiencies in the stick grip design and associated hazards.

Specifications (S-19LS)

See also

References

External links

Official page - homebuilt S-19 
Official page - ready to fly S-19 
Photo of S-19LS on Airliners.net

2000s United States civil utility aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Light-sport aircraft
S-019 Venterra
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 2007
Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Ernst Kuhl. Ernst Kuhl (February 9, 1843 – December 29, 1911) was a German civil and mechanical engineer.

Early years
Ernst Kuhl was born in Saarlouis. At the age of 18 he graduated from the gymnasium in Trier, and in 1865 he graduated the course of civil engineering in Karlsruhe. He worked for many years as a manager of a smelting works on the river Rhine, and worked as an engineer on a North German Lloyd steamer.

Engineer in USA

In 1872 Ernst Kuhl immigrated to the Unites Stated and settled in Buffalo, New York. Beginning of 1873 he started working at the office of the Tenth Light-House District. From 1876 to 1878 he was self-employed and manufactured special devices for power transmission.

In 1878 he went back to government service. Until 1900 he was as mechanical engineer and draftsman for the improvement of the Missouri River. He designed the machinery for the towboats Arethusa and Atalanta, and for the snagboats Wright and Suter.

From 1900 to 1910 he was superintendent of the department of mechanical engineering of the United States Engineer Office at Pittsburgh, under Major William L. Sibert. He designed steamboats, dredges, structural steel and operating machinery for many locks and dams in Monongahela River.

In 1910 he was transferred to the United States Engineer Office in St. Louis. He died December 29, 1911—roughly one your after his wife passed away.

References
 Professional Memoirs, Corps of Engineers, United States Army, and Engineer Department at Large, 1912 (Vol. 4), No. 14, pp. 298. Available Online

External links

1843 births
1911 deaths
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology alumni
Prussian emigrants to the United States
Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh. Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh () is an Iranian biomedical engineer. He was born in Yazd in 1960.

Education
He received BS and MS degrees in electrical engineering: electronics (with honors) from the University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran in 1986 and MSE and PhD degrees in electrical engineering: systems and bio-electrical sciences from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA, in 1992.

Career
He is currently a full Professor and a founder of Control and Intelligent Processing Center of Excellence (CIPCE) in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. As a senior scientist and head of medical image analysis group, Prof. Soltanian-Zadeh directs research projects in the Department of Radiology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan, USA. He has active research collaborations with the Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran and Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA. His research interests include medical imaging, signal and image processing and analysis, pattern recognition, and neural networks.

He has supervised or advised over 100 MS theses or PhD dissertations and coauthored more than 600 publications in journals and conference records or as book chapters. Several of Prof. Soltanian-Zadeh's presentations received honorable mention awards at the SPIE and IEEE conferences.

Affiliations
In addition to the IEEE, where he is a senior member and chairman of the Iran Section, he is a member of the SPIE, ISMVIP, and ISBME and has served on the scientific committees of several national and international conferences and review boards of more than 30 scientific journals. Prof. Soltanian-Zadeh is an associate member of the Iranian Academy of Sciences, president of the Iranian Society of Machine Vision and Image Processing (ISMVIP), has been recognized as an outstanding researcher by the national and international organizations, and has served on the study sections of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Science Foundation (NSF), American Institute of Biological Sciences (AIBS), and international funding agencies.

See also
List of contemporary Iranian scientists, scholars, and engineers
List of University of Tehran people

References

External links
Prof. Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh's official homepage at Henry Ford Health System

Academic staff of the University of Tehran
University of Tehran alumni
Iranian electrical engineers
Living people
1960 births
University of Michigan College of Engineering alumni
Takashi Yabe. is a professor at the Department of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology (Tokyo Tech.).

Career 

Takashi Yabe graduated from Tokyo Institute of Technology in 1973 and immediately became a research associate. After getting doctor degree of engineering, he moved to Osaka University as an associate professor and then returned to Tokyo Tech. as a professor in 1995.

His specialties are theoretical and experimental studies of interactions between laser light and substances. He has established a venture business called Electra to realize the magnesium-based society using "solar-pumped laser", and currently serves as its CEO.

Another specialty of Dr. Yabe is computational fluid dynamics. He has developed the "CIP Method" that can realistically replicate phenomena that are difficult to simulate such as collisions of objects and waves at the liquid–gas interface. Because of this work, he was invited to give a bicentenary memorial lecture at the Royal Institution of Great Britain in 1999 in addition to the keynote lectures in many international conferences and awarded by several societies.

He is currently General Council of APACM, Executive Council of IACM and Honorary Fellow of International Society for Computational Fluid Dynamics.

The TIME magazine chose him as an "Innovator" of "Heroes of the Environment 2009" in September 2009.

References

Further reading 
 Takashi Yabe, Tatsuya Yamaji, The Magnesium Civilization : An Altanative New Source of Energy to Oil, Pan Stanford Publishing, December 2010, ()

External links 
The Magnesium Civilization
Yabe Laboratory

1950 births
Living people
Japanese engineers
21st-century Japanese inventors
Academic staff of Tokyo Institute of Technology
Tokyo Institute of Technology alumni
Academic staff of Osaka University
Mission Mars. Mission Mars was the 2003-04 challenge theme of FIRST Lego League. It revolved around the NASA missions to Mars with the Spirit and Opportunity rovers.

Project
Teams were tasked with choosing a mission model, researching a question about it, and finding a creative solution. Then teams shared their project with the community and with judges at competition.

Gameplay
The table performance portion of Mission Mars is played on a 4 ft by 8 ft field rimmed by wood boards. At competition, two of these fields are placed together to form an 8 ft square. In each -minute match, a team competes on each field with their robot to earn up to 400 points manipulating the mission models.

One of the mission models, the Alliance Habitation Module, straddles both fields in the center. This model can earn points for both teams when the two halves are pushed together. The touch penalty objects are four boulders, worth up to 14 points each depending on location. One is removed from the field each time the robot is touched outside of base.

Home base was unusual this year; usually base is a square region set in the corner of the field. For Mission Mars, the robot started on a fold-out platform (to emulate the Mars Rovers) sitting in a triangular base.

Missions

All the missions were themed after aspects of Mars exploration:
 Exit the Tetrahedron Base - 39 points
 Launch The Sample Canister - up to 39 points
 Clear The Solar Panel - up to 43 points
 Connect The 180° and 90° Habitation Modules - up to 49 points
 Complete The Alliance Habitation Module - 43 points for each team
 Free The Rover - up to 43 points
 Move Ice Cores to base - up to 49 points
 Move Boulders Into The Launch Circle - up to 14 points each (up to 56 points)
 All Terrain Vehicle Test - 39 points

References

FIRST Lego League games
2003 in robotics
Chase YCG-14. The Chase CG-14, also known as the G-14 or Model MS.1, was an assault glider manufactured by Chase Aircraft for the United States Army Air Forces during the Second World War. The aircraft failed to progress beyond the prototype stage, being overtaken by larger, improved glider designs.

Design and development
The first aircraft to be developed by Chase after its founding in 1943, the CG-14 was developed in preference to the Laister-Kauffman CG-10. Constructed from marine-grade mahogany, as spruce was being used by the war effort in higher priority projects, the XG-14 featured improved crash protection when compared to preceding gliders.

Operational history
The XCG-14 made its maiden flight on January 4, 1945, and following successful flight trials the aircraft was developed into two improved versions, the wood-and-metal XCG-14A and the enlarged YCG-14A.

The CG-14 was one of the few glider projects to be continued after the end of the war; however, it was quickly superseded by an improved aircraft, the XCG-18.

Variants
Chase MS.1
Company designation for the XCG-14
XCG-14
First prototype, all-wooden. 16 seats.
XCG-14A
Wood and metal version of XCG-14. 24 seats.
YCG-14A/YG-14A
Production prototype version of XCG-14A, superseded by XCG-14B.
Chase MS.7
Company designation for the XCG-14B
XCG-14B/XG-14B
Enlarged, improved variant, redesignated XCG-18, 2 built.

Specifications (XCG-14)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 
 
 
 
 

G-014
1940s United States military gliders
1940s United States military transport aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1945
Landing Craft Tank (Rocket). The Landing Craft Tank (Rocket) or LCT(R) was developed from the British Mk.2 and Mk.3 Landing Craft Tank (LCT) during the Second World War. It was designed to saturate beaches with either 972 or 1,044 rockets prior to the landing of troops. Used by both British and U.S. forces, the craft saw service in the Normandy landings, the Mediterranean and the Far East.

Design

The front loading door was welded shut and an additional deck installed above the tank storage bay to provide a mounting for the rocket launching racks. The resulting storage space below the deck (formerly the tank deck) was informally subdivided with canvas sheets to provide additional crew space. These were later updated with wooden partitions. The craft was also fitted with a Type 970 radar set whose primary use was for rangefinding, but was also successfully used for navigation. Generally propulsion was provided by Paxman diesel engines, however, others were used due to availability.  Some U.S. craft were fitted with petrol (gasoline) engines.

Application

The batteries of  rocket projectors carried by each LCT(R) fired salvoes of rockets in rapid succession, triggered electronically by an officer located in the bridge wheelhouse. The remainder of the seventeen man crew took shelter, at the point of firing, in the below-deck space described above. The projectors were cordite-filled tubes, firing  high explosive heads. As the individual LCT(R) moved towards the beach or other target area the approximately twenty-four salvoes could in theory blanket an area of up to  in depth.

Notes

External links

 
 

LCT
Rocket artillery
Military vehicles introduced from 1940 to 1944
English inventions
Stützite. Stützite or stuetzite is a silver telluride mineral with formula: Ag5−xTe3 (with x = 0.24 to 0.36) or Ag7Te4.

It was first described in 1951 from a museum specimen from Sacarimb, Romania. It was named for Austrian mineralogist Andreas Xaverius Stütz (1747–1806).

It occurs with other sulfide and telluride minerals in hydrothermal ore occurrences. Associated minerals include sylvanite, hessite, altaite, petzite, empressite, native tellurium, native gold, galena, sphalerite, colusite, tennantite and pyrite.

References

Telluride minerals
Silver minerals
Hexagonal minerals
Minerals in space group 191
Minerals described in 1951
Merenskyite. Merenskyite is a rare telluride / bismuthinide mineral with the chemical formula . It is an opaque white to light gray metallic mineral that occurs as inclusions within other minerals such as chalcopyrite. It crystallizes in the trigonal crystal system.

Merenskyite was first described in 1966 for an occurrence in the Merensky Reef of the Western Bushveld Igneous Complex, South Africa, and named for South African geologist Hans Merensky (1871–1952).

References

Telluride minerals
Bismuthide minerals
Palladium minerals
Platinum minerals
Trigonal minerals
Minerals in space group 164
Minerals described in 1966
Moss agate glass. Moss Agate glass is a rare type of art glass developed in 1888 at the noted glasshouse Stevens & Williams by glassmaker John Northwood, with the assistance of Will Bridges, then manager of the firm. It was the most sophisticated type of a variety of glass often referred to as "stone glass."  The concept of the "Moss Agate" glass was to closely approximate the look and weight of the mineral it was meant to imitate. Each piece was one-of-a-kind and was decorated with fine wheel cutting, and came in many different vase shapes.

"Sotheby's Glass Glossary" says about its manufacture: "A gather of soda glass was cased in lead glass, coated in powdered colored glass and again cased in lead glass, which was injected with water to cause the soda glass to crack. After the water was emptied out it was reheated to leave a crackled network."

References

Sources
Glover, Ray & Lee. Art Glass Nouveau, page 188 (plate 349).
Glover, Ray & Lee. Carved & Decorated European Art Glass, page 78.
Revi, Albert Christian. Nineteenth Century Glass, Its Genesis and Development, page 240.

Glass types
Koser KB-3 Jadran. The Koser KB-3 Jadran was a Slovenian amphibious sailplane designed and produced by LIBIS aircraft during Yugoslavian period. It was designed by Jaroslav Košer, a student at the Ljubljana Technical Faculty (Tehniška fakulteta v Ljubljani) of the University of Ljubljana and was a development of his earlier Koser-Hrovat KB-1 Triglav design.

Design and development

Specifications

References

High-wing aircraft
Glider aircraft
Flying boats
Amphibious aircraft
1940s Yugoslav sailplanes
LIBIS aircraft