omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Statgraphics. Statgraphics is a statistics package that performs and explains basic and advanced statistical functions.

History 
The software was created in 1980 by Dr. Neil W. Polhemus while on the Princeton University School of Engineering and Applied Science faculty as a teaching tool for his statistics students. It was made available to the public in 1982, becoming an early example of data science software designed for use on the PC.

Software 

The flagship version of Statgraphics is Statgraphics Centurion, a Windows desktop application with capabilities for regression analysis, ANOVA, multivariate statistics, Design of Experiments, statistical process control, life data analysis, machine learning, and data visualization. The data analysis procedures include descriptive statistics, hypothesis testing, regression analysis, analysis of variance, survival analysis, time series analysis and forecasting, sample size determination, multivariate methods, machine learning and Monte Carlo techniques. The SPC menu includes many procedures for quality assessment, capability analysis, control charts, measurement systems analysis, and acceptance sampling. The program also features a DOE Wizard that creates and analyzes statistically designed experiments.

Applications 

Statgraphics is frequently used for Six Sigma process improvement. The program has also been used in various health and nutrition-related studies. The software is heavily used in manufacturing chemicals, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, automobiles, food and consumer goods. It is also widely used in mining, environmental studies, and basic R&D.

Distribution 
Statgraphics is distributed by Statgraphics Technologies, Inc., a privately held company based in The Plains, Virginia.

See also
 List of statistical packages
 Comparison of statistical packages
 List of information graphics software

References

Statistical software
Science software for Windows
SMM. SMM may refer to:

Religion
 Church of St. Mary Magdalene (Toronto), a church in Toronto, Canada

Science
 Science Museum of Minnesota
 Single-molecule magnet
 S-Methylmethionine, a derivative of methionine
 Soft Magnetic Materials Conference
 Solar Maximum Mission or SolarMax, an artificial satellite
 Stepwise mutation model, of allelic frequencies

Medicine
 Smouldering Multiple Myeloma

Technology
 Scattering-matrix method, to solve Maxwell's equations
 Storage Modification Machine, a type of Pointer machine in computing
 System Management Mode, of a x86 CPU
 Maxwell (microarchitecture), a GPU microarchitecture
 Super Mario Maker, 2015 video game
 Social media marketing

Other 
 Master of Sacred Music
 Musasa language, ISO 639-3 code
 Santa Monica Mountains, the area that includes the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area
 Semporna Airport, IATA code
 Sex Money Murda, a street gang in the Eastern United States
 Shanghai Metals Market, China
 Single monthly mortality, for prepayment of loan
 OSCE Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine
Combined diesel or gas. Combined diesel or gas (CODOG) is a type of propulsion system for ships that need a maximum speed that is considerably faster than their cruise speed, particularly warships like modern frigates or corvettes.

System

For every propeller shaft there is one diesel engine for cruising speed and one geared gas turbine for high speed dashes. Both are connected to the shaft with clutches; only one system is driving the ship, in contrast to combined diesel and gas (CODAG) systems that can use the combined power output of both. The advantage of CODOG is a simpler gearing compared to CODAG, but it needs either more powerful or additional gas turbines to achieve the same maximum power output. The disadvantage of CODOG is that the fuel consumption at high speed is poor compared to CODAG.

CODOG vessels
MGB 2009, a modified Motor Gun Boat of the Royal Navy (1947), and
The two German torpedo boats Pfeil and Strahl (Vosper class, 1963-65)
The US Navy s (built 1966-1971)
The  US Coast Guard s (from 1967)
s of the Royal Canadian Navy
s, and
s of the German Navy
s of the Philippine Navy
s of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) and Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN)
other MEKO type frigates or corvettes
s of the Royal Danish Navy
s of the South Korean Navy
s of the Swedish Navy
s of the Indian Navy
s of the Brazilian Navy
 of the Bangladesh Navy
s of the Russian and Vietnamese Navies
118 WallyPower, luxury yacht
Type 052D destroyers of the Chinese Navy

Citations

Bibliography

Marine propulsion
Hesiod (name service). In computing, the Hesiod name service originated in Project Athena (1983–1991). It uses DNS functionality to provide access to databases of information that change infrequently. In Unix environments it often serves to distribute information kept in the , , and  files, among others.
Frequently an LDAP server is used to distribute the same kind of information that Hesiod does. However, because Hesiod can leverage existing DNS servers, deploying it to a network is fairly easy.

In a Unix-like system users usually have a line in the  file for each local user like:

 foo:x:100:10:Foo Bar:/home/foo:/bin/sh

This line is composed of seven colon-separated fields which hold the following data:
 user login name (string);
 password hash or "x" if shadow password file is in use (string);
 user id (unsigned integer);
 user's primary group id (unsigned integer);
 Gecos field (four comma separated fields, string);
 user home directory (string);
 user login shell (string).

This system works fine for a small number of users on a small number of machines.  But when more users start using more machines, having this information managed in one location becomes critical.  This is where Hesiod enters.

Instead of having this information stored on every machine, Hesiod stores it in records on your DNS server.  Then each client can query the DNS server for this information instead of looking for it locally.  In BIND the records for the above user might look something like:

 foo.passwd.ns.example.net  HS  TXT  "foo:x:100:10:Foo Bar:/home/foo:/bin/sh"
 100.passwd.ns.example.net  HS  TXT  "foo:x:100:10:Foo Bar:/home/foo:/bin/sh"
 100.uid.ns.example.net     HS  TXT  "foo:x:100:10:Foo Bar:/home/foo:/bin/sh"

There are three records because the system needs to be able to access the information in different ways.  The first line supports looking up the user by their login name and the second two allow it to look up information by the user's uid. Note the use of the HS class instead of IN as might be expected. The Domain Name System has a special class of service for Hesiod's purpose.

On the client side some configuration also needs to happen.  The /etc/hesiod.conf file for this setup might look something like:

 rhs=.example.net
 lhs=.ns
 classes=HS, IN

The /etc/resolv.conf file uses the name servers that have the Hesiod records. Then

 $ hesinfo foo passwd
 foo:x:100:10:Foo Bar:/home/foo:/bin/sh

What happens here is that the foo and the passwd are combined with the lhs and rhs values in the /etc/hesiod.conf file to create a fully qualified name of foo.passwd.ns.example.net.  The DNS server is then queried for this entry and returns the value of that record.

See also 
 Name Service Switch (NSS)
 Network Information Service (NIS)
 Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)
 Kerberos

References

External links 
 
 Single Sign-On and the System Administrator

Directory services
Domain Name System
Massachusetts Institute of Technology software
Nuclear reactor core. A nuclear reactor core is the portion of a nuclear reactor containing the nuclear fuel components where the nuclear reactions take place and the heat is generated.  Typically, the fuel will be low-enriched uranium contained in thousands of individual fuel pins.  The core also contains structural components, the means to both moderate the neutrons and control the reaction, and the means to transfer the heat from the fuel to where it is required, outside the core.

Water-moderated reactors  
Inside the core of a typical pressurized water reactor or boiling water reactor are fuel rods with a diameter of a large gel-type ink pen, each about 4 m long, which are grouped by the hundreds in bundles called "fuel assemblies". Inside each fuel rod, pellets of uranium, or more commonly uranium oxide, are stacked end to end. Also inside the core are control rods, filled with pellets of substances like boron or hafnium or cadmium that readily capture neutrons. When the control rods are lowered into the core, they absorb neutrons, which thus cannot take part in the chain reaction. Conversely, when the control rods are lifted out of the way, more neutrons strike the fissile uranium-235 (U-235) or plutonium-239 (Pu-239) nuclei in nearby fuel rods, and the chain reaction intensifies. The core shroud, also located inside of the reactor, directs the water flow to cool the nuclear reactions inside of the core. The heat of the fission reaction is removed by the water, which also acts to moderate the neutron reactions.

Graphite-moderated reactors 

There are also graphite moderated reactors in use.

One type uses solid nuclear graphite for the neutron moderator and ordinary water for the coolant. See the Soviet-made RBMK nuclear-power reactor. This was the type of reactor involved in the Chernobyl disaster. 

In the Advanced Gas-cooled Reactor, a British design, the core is made of a graphite neutron moderator where the fuel assemblies are located. Carbon dioxide gas acts as a coolant and it circulates through the core, removing heat.

There have also been several experimental reactors that use graphite for moderation, such as the pebble bed reactor concepts and the molten-salt reactor experiment.

See also

Nuclear meltdown
Lists of nuclear disasters and radioactive incidents
Nuclear power
Nuclear reactor technology

References

Nuclear Reactor Analysis, John Wiley & Sons Canada, Ltd.

Nuclear power plant components
Nuclear technology
PL-3. PL-3 or POS-PHY Level 3 is a network protocol. It is the name of the interface that the Optical Internetworking Forum's SPI-3 Interoperability Agreement is based on.  It was proposed by PMC-Sierra to the Optical Internetworking Forum and adopted in June 2000.  The name means Packet Over SONET Physical layer level 3.  PL-3 was developed by PMC-Sierra in conjunction with the SATURN Development Group.

The name is an acronym of an acronym of an acronym as the P in PL stands for "POS-PHY" and the S in POS-PHY stands for "SONET" (Synchronous Optical Network).  The L in PL stands for "Layer".

Context
There are two broad categories of chip-to-chip interfaces.  The first, exemplified by PCI-Express and HyperTransport, supports reads and writes of memory addresses.  The second broad category carries user packets over 1 or more channels and is exemplified by the IEEE 802.3 family of Media Independent Interfaces and the Optical Internetworking Forum family of System Packet Interfaces.  Of these last two, the family of System Packet Interfaces is optimized to carry user packets from many channels.  The family of System Packet Interfaces is the most important packet-oriented, chip-to-chip interface family used between devices in the Packet over SONET and Optical Transport Network, which are the principal protocols used to carry the internet between cities.

Applications
It was designed to be used in systems that support OC-48 SONET interfaces .  A typical application of PL-3 (SPI-3) is to connect a framer device to a network processor.  It has been widely adopted by the high speed networking marketplace.

Technical details
The interface consists of (per direction):
 32 TTL signals for the data path
 8 TTL signals for control
 one TTL signal for clock
 8 TTL signals for optional additional multi-channel status

There are several clocking options.  The interface operates around 100 MHz.  Implementations of SPI-3 (PL-3) have been produced which allow somewhat higher clock rates.  This is important when overhead bytes are added to incoming packets.

PL-3 in the marketplace
PL-3 and SPI-3 were highly successful interfaces with many semiconductor devices produced to it.

See also
 System Packet Interface
 SPI-4.2

External links
  OIF Interoperability Agreements

Network protocols
SPI-3. SPI-3 or System Packet Interface Level 3 is the name of a chip-to-chip, channelized, packet interface widely used in high-speed communications devices.  It was proposed by PMC-Sierra based on their PL-3 interface to the Optical Internetworking Forum and adopted in June 2000.  PL-3 was developed by PMC-Sierra in conjunction with the SATURN Development Group.

Applications
It was designed to be used in systems that support OC-48 SONET interfaces .  A typical application of SPI-3 is to connect a framer device to a network processor.  It has been widely adopted by the high speed networking marketplace.

Technical details
The interface consists of (per direction):
 32 TTL signals for the data path
 8 TTL signals for control
 one TTL signal for clock
 8 TTL signals for optional additional multi-channel status

There are several clocking options.  The interface operates around 100 MHz.  Implementations of SPI-3 (PL-3) have been produced which allow somewhat higher clock rates.  This is important when overhead bytes are added to incoming packets.

SPI-3 in the marketplace
SPI-3 (and PL-3) was a highly successful interface with many semiconductor devices produced to it.

See also
 System Packet Interface
 SPI-4.2

External links
  OIF Interoperability Agreements

Network protocols
Outline of metalworking. This article is a list of terms commonly used in the practice of metalworking – the science, art, industry, and craft of shaping metal.

Processes 
The following is a categorical list of metalworking processes: operations, procedures, techniques, and other actions performed that pertain to or consist of metalworking.

Casting

Casting is the process of creating objects by filling a mold with molten metal and allowing it to cool.

Centrifugal
Continuous
Die
Evaporative-pattern
Full-mold
Lost-foam
Investment
 in art: Lost-wax
Permanent mold
Plaster mold
Sand
Semi-solid metal
Shaw process
Shell molding
Spin

Related terms
Foundry
Crucible
Molding sand
Refractory materials

Forming

Forming is the process of reshaping metal without adding or removing material.

Hot working
Hot rolling
Carburizing
Drawing
Forging
Forge weld
Oxidising
Extruding
Cold working
Coining
Cutting
Electrohydraulic forming
Electromagnetic forming
Explosive forming
Hydroforming
Progressive stamping
Punching
Rolling
Sinking
Spinning
Swaging
Tube bending
Bending
Shearing
Stamping
Milling
Sanding
Grinding
Cold forging
Cold rolling

Cutting

Cutting is the process of reshaping metal by removing material.

Machining
Boring
Broaching
Drilling
Electrical discharge machining
Electrochemical machining
Electron beam machining
Engraving
Facing
Grinding
Hobbing
Milling
Photochemical machining
Turning
Ultrasonic machining

Joining

Joining is the process of creating metal objects by combining pieces of material.

Brazing
Crimping
Riveting
Soldering
Welding

Finishing
Finishing covers all processes that affect the properties or performance of an object without affecting its form or structure.

Anodizing
Galvanizing
Heat treating
Annealing
Precipitation strengthening
Mass finishing
Patination
Peening
Plating
Polishing

Welding and soldering 

Arc welding
MIG welding
TIG welding
Oxyacetylene welding
Soldering
Brazing
Thermite welding

Tools 
Power tool
Machine tools
Anvil
Forge
Arbor press
Drill press
Lathe
Milling machine
Shaper
Guillotine
Bender
Grinding machine
Band saw

Physical properties 
Ductility
Malleability
Hardness
Hardenability
Air hardening
Water hardening
Oil hardening
Work hardening
Case hardening
Brittle fracture
Grain size
Grain orientation
Crystal twinning

Metal dust 
Metal dust
Metal swarf
 Shavings
 Filings
 Fines (metal working)
 Scrap
 Grindings
 Turnings
 Dross
 Chips
 Metal powder
 Sparks

Effects on humans

Effects

Mitigations 

Local exhaust ventilation (LEV)
On-tool extraction

Steel 
Grade of hardware
Steel abbreviations
Alloy steel
Carbon steel
High-speed steel
Tool steel
Stainless steel
Pickling
Smooth clean surface

Machine tool parts 

Bed
Carriage
Compound rest
Cross-slide
Headstock
Leadscrew
Spindle
Tailstock
Toolpost

Machine tool accessories 

1-2-3 blocks
Boring head
Chuck
Collets
Dial indicator
Indexing head
Rotary table
Sine bar
Vise

Other 
Draw
Hand scrape (flatness)
Pitch
Rivet
Blue brittleness
Etching

Safety 

 
Metalworking
Rog-2000. Rog-2000 (pronounced "Rahj-two-thousand", and sometimes spelled "ROG 2000") is a fictional robot that was the first professional creation of comic book artist-writer John Byrne. Rog-2000 serves as the mascot of Byrne Robotics.

Publication history

The character began life during Byrne's fan-artist days in the 1970s, as a spot illustration for Roger Stern and Bob Layton's fanzine CPL (Contemporary Pictorial Literature). Layton gave the character a name (riffing on the amount of "Rogers" – specifically Roger Stern and Roger Slifer – who contributed to CPL), and he and Stern began using him as a magazine mascot, with Byrne supplying additional art. A Rog-2000 story, "The Coming of the Gang", appeared in CPL #11 (1974), written by Stern with art by Byrne and Layton, and featuring caricatures of "the CPL Gang", including Byrne and fellow CPL contributor Duffy Vohland.

On the strength of that fan piece, Charlton Comics writer Nicola Cuti contacted Byrne about drawing the character for professional comic books. During this same period, the CPL Gang was producing the officially sanctioned fanzine Charlton Bullseye. Written by Cuti, "Rog-2000" became one of several alternating backup features in the Charlton Comics superhero series E-Man, starting with the eight-page "That Was No Lady" in issue #6 (Jan. 1975). This marked the color-comics debut of future industry star Byrne, who'd previously drawn a two-page story for Skywald Publications' black-and-white horror-comics magazine Nightmare #20 (Aug. 1974). The character also appeared the same month in the small-press hobbyist magazine The Comic Reader #44 (Jan. 1975).

As Byrne recalled the character's origin in a 2000 interview:

Three additional, seven-page "Rog-2000" stories – "Withering Heights", "The Wish", and "Rog. vs. The Sog", all by Cuti & Byrne – appeared in E-Man #7, 9–10 (March, July–Sept. 1975), respectively. All the Charlton stories were reprinted in Pacific Comics' ROG 2000 #1 (June 1982), as well as in A-Plus Comics' Hot 'N Cold Heroes #1 (1990) and Herbie #4-4 (1991).

In a 2000 interview, Byrne recalled that:

Stern was reunited with Rog-2000 when Charlton accepted two of his scripts for the feature, but the company then canceled E-Man the following workday.

References

External links
 Rog 2000 at An International Catalogue of Superheroes. WebCitation archive.
 Archive of Alec Tronn's E-Man Fan Page. Some graphics missing; scroll down and links still work. Original page.
 Byrne Robotics (John Byrne official site). WebCitation archive.

Pacific Comics titles
Charlton Comics superheroes
Comics characters introduced in 1974
Fictional robots
American mascots
Magazine mascots
Comics by John Byrne (comics)
Characters created by John Byrne (comics)
Male characters in comics
Male characters in advertising
1974 comics debuts
Mascots introduced in 1974
Quiet Electric Drive. Quiet Electric Drive (QED)—sometimes called by the misnomer Quiet Electronic Drive—is an Office of Naval Research (ONR)-sponsored program to develop technologies for silent maritime propulsion for the United States Navy.

According to the ONR, QED's role is to "address the Navy's operational gaps in surface ship and submarine maneuverability and acoustic signature. Quiet Electric Drives, or QEDs, are quiet, efficient and power dense. The primary objective of QED is demonstrating the utility of the motor as an actuator to obtain signature reduction performance while increasing tactical speed and maneuverability". 

Its existence is known particularly via a 2007 court case in which five ethnic Chinese suspects were convicted or pleaded guilty to smuggling data from a U.S. defense contractor. An FBI affidavit stated QED to be "an extremely sensitive project ... considered by the Navy to be significant military equipment and therefore banned for export to countries specifically denied by the U.S. State Department, including the PRC (China)". Chi Mak, a naturalized U.S. citizen born in China, and four other family members were arrested during their conspiratorial attempt to transfer QED and other U.S. military technologies to the PRC via espionage.

See also
 Magnetohydrodynamic drive

References
 Bail Denied for Couple Allegedly Involved in Chinese Espionage Plot
 US holds four China spy suspects
 

Equipment of the United States Navy
Marine propulsion
Farragut-class destroyer (1958). The Farragut-class destroyer was a group of 10 guided-missile destroyers built for the United States Navy (USN) during the 1950s. They were the second destroyer class to be named for Admiral David Farragut. The class is sometimes referred to as the Coontz class, since Coontz was first to be designed and built as a guided-missile ship (under project SCB 142), whereas the previous three ships were designed as all-gun units (under SCB 129) and converted later. The class was originally envisioned as a Destroyer Leader class (DL/DLG, verbally referred to as "Frigates"), but was reclassified as Guided-Missile Destroyers following the 1975 ship reclassification.

Design and description
The Farragut class was the first class of missile-armed carrier escorts to be built from the ground up as such for the USN. The ships had an overall length of , a beam of  and a deep draft of . They displaced  at full load. Their crew consisted of 23 officers and 337 enlisted men.

The ships were equipped with two geared steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by 4 water-tube boilers. The turbines were intended to produce  to reach the designed speed of . The Farragut class had a range of  at a speed of .

The Farragut-class ships were armed with a 5"/54 caliber Mark 42 gun forward. They were fitted with an eight-round ASROC launcher between the 5-inch (127 mm) gun and the bridge. The Farragut (DDG-37) was the only ship of her class that had an ASROC magazine mounted behind the launcher. The class was already top-heavy and the addition of the magazine reportedly made it worse, so the decision was made not to equip the other nine ships with magazines. Close-range anti-submarine defense was provided by two triple  Mk 32 torpedo tubes. The primary armament of the Farraguts was the Terrier anti-aircraft missile designed to defend the carrier battle group. They were fired via the dual-arm Mark 10 launcher and the ships stowed a total of 40 missiles for the launcher.

Ships in class

Service
Originally commissioned as guided-missile frigates (DLG), they were redesignated as guided-missile destroyers (DDG) under the fleet realignment in 1975. They were also the only redesignated ships to be renumbered as well under the realignment, with the first unit changing from DLG-6 to DDG-37 and all subsequent vessels being renumbered upwards in order. During various refits all ships had their two 3" gun mounts removed and replaced by two quad Harpoon anti-ship missile launchers and their fire control and search radars upgraded to handle SM-2 ER missiles. All ships of the class were decommissioned between 1989 and 1994 and subsequently scrapped.

See also
 Farragut-class destroyer (1934)
 List of United States Navy destroyer leaders

Notes

References

External links
 
 Farragut-class frigates at Destroyer History Foundation

 
Destroyer classes
 Farragut-class_destroyer_(1958)