omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
CNL. CNL can refer to:

 Allensworth State Park station, California, United States, special-arrangement Amtrak station with code CNL
 Cannon Lake, a microprocessor from Intel
 Centre national du livre, French Government agency
 CNL Financial Group, previously Commercial Net Lease
 The National Literature Centre (), the national literary archive of Luxembourg
 The Commissioners of Northern Lighthouses, now known as the Northern Lighthouse Board
 Compute Node Linux, a Linux-based operating system used with Cray supercomputers
Clinical nurse leader
Columbia, Newberry and Laurens Railroad
Controlled natural languages
Computer Networks Laboratory
CityNightLine, a former night train network in Germany and neighboring countries
Sindal Airport, Denmark (IATA code CNL)
Canley railway station, West Midlands, three letter station code
Chronic neutrophilic leukemia
Canadian Nuclear Laboratories, formerly the Chalk River Laboratories
CONCACAF Nations League, an international association football competition involving the men's national teams of CONCACAF's member associations
Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.1. The S.E.1 (Santos Experimental) was an experimental aircraft built at the Army Balloon Factory at Farnborough (later the Royal Aircraft Factory) in 1911. Its place in aviation history is mainly that it was the first in the series of Royal Aircraft Factory designs - several of which played an important role in World War I.

Design and Fate 

In 1910 the Army Balloon Factory was not actually authorised to design or build aircraft, but only to repair them. When the remains of a crashed Blériot XII monoplane (nicknamed "The Man-Killer" owing to its poor handling) belonging to the army were sent from Larkhill to Farnborough for repair, authorisation for a complete reconstruction was sought, and granted. The result was a completely new design. A tractor monoplane became a pusher biplane with large balanced fore-elevators, similar in basic layout to the Wright Flyer, but with a fully covered fuselage. Ailerons were fitted to the top wing, and twin balanced rudders were mounted behind the propeller, but out of its immediate slipstream. The only obvious component of the Blériot that found its way into the new design was its 60 hp (45 kW) E.N.V. Type F engine.

The S.E.1 made its first flight, a straight mile in the hands of its designer Geoffrey de Havilland on 11 June 1911.
Further flight testing revealed control problems and the area of the front wing/elevator was adjusted to try to bring together the centre of pressure and the hinge line and make the S.E.1 stable in pitch. By the beginning of August the front surface was fixed and carried a conventional trailing edge elevator. An attempt to improve the turning characteristics was made by stripping the side covering of the nacelle to reduce side area.

De Havilland continued to fly the S.E.1 until 16 August. On 18 August the aircraft was flown by the inexperienced pilot Lt. Theodore J. Ridge, assistant superintendent at the factory (whose previous experience was chiefly with dirigibles, and had only been awarded his pilot's certificate the day before, and was described as "an absolutely indifferent flyer").
Both de Havilland and a factory engineer warned him against flying it. The combination of the inexperienced pilot and the marginally controllable aircraft proved fatal – while landing, with the engine off, he made a sharp turn; the S.E.1 stalled and spun in, killing Ridge.

No attempt to rebuild the S.E.1 was made, and the design was apparently abandoned, no attempt being made to develop it. The S.E.2 of 1913 was a completely different kind of aeroplane – a development of the B.S.1.

Specifications

References

Bibliography

 

 
Lewis, Peter British Aircraft 1809-1914 London, Putnam, 1962
O'Gorman, Mervyn, "First Report on Aeroplane Research on Full-Sized Machines: Aeroplane S.E. 1", pp. 106–110 of Technical Report of the Advisory Committee for Aeronautics for the Year 1911–12, London: HMSO, 1919.

1910s British experimental aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Canard aircraft
SE01
Aircraft first flown in 1911
Peter Flach. Pieter Adriaan Flach (born 8 April 1961, Sneek) is a Dutch computer scientist and a Professor of Artificial Intelligence in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Bristol. He is author of the acclaimed Simply Logical: Intelligent Reasoning by Example (John Wiley, 1994) and Machine Learning: the Art and Science of Algorithms that Make Sense of Data (Cambridge University Press, 2012).

Education
Flach received an MSc Electrical Engineering from Universiteit Twente in 1987 and a PhD in Computer Science from Tilburg University in 1995.

Research
Flach's research interests are in  data mining and machine learning.

References

1961 births
Living people
Artificial intelligence researchers
Dutch computer scientists
British computer scientists
Machine learning researchers
People from Sneek
University of Twente alumni
Tilburg University alumni
Academics of the University of Bristol
Miles Mercury. The Miles M.28 Mercury was a British aircraft designed to meet the need for a training and communications plane during the Second World War. It was a single-engined monoplane of wooden construction with a twin tail and a tailwheel undercarriage with retractable main units.

Development
Originally, the M.28 had been planned as a replacement for the Whitney Straight and Monarch, but this was shelved when war broke out.

In 1941, the project was revived in response to a requirement for a training and communications aircraft. The design was produced as a private venture by Ray Bournon using Miles' normal wooden construction. The resulting machine introduced several features not found on trainers: retractable undercarriage and trailing edge flaps amongst others. In the communications role, the M.28 had four seats and a range of .

The prototype first flew on 11 July 1941  and proved easy to fly, with light controls and a short landing run. Owing to Miles' heavy commitment to war-production, however, only six aircraft were built, of slightly varying specifications, the last being the Mercury 6 which first flew in early 1946. Examples of the type were operated in the United Kingdom, Denmark, Germany, Switzerland and Australia.

Variants
M.28 Mark I: First prototype – Two seat trainer, powered by  de Havilland Gipsy Major I engine.
 M.28 Mark II: Three seat trainer (with dual controls) powered by  de Havilland Gipsy Major IIA. One built 1942. Re-engined with 140 hp Blackburn Cirrus Major II and then with a  Cirrus Major III post-war.
 M.28 Mark III: Three seat trainer with triple controls for two students and one instructor, powered by 150 hp Cirrus Major 3 and with revised wing section. One built (PW937).
 M.28 Mark IV: Four seat communications aircraft powered by  Gipsy Major IIA. One built 1944.
 M.28 Mark V: Post-war four-seater powered by Cirrus Major III. Square rear windows. One built 1947.
 M.28 Mark VI: Post war four-seater powered by Cirrus Major III. Round rear windows. One built 1946.

Specifications (M.28)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 Amos, Peter. and Brown, Don Lambert. Miles Aircraft Since 1925, Volume 1. London: Putnam Aeronautical, 2000. .  
 Brown, Don Lambert. Miles Aircraft Since 1925. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1970. . 
 Jackson, A.J. British Civil Aircraft since 1919 - Volume 3. 1974. Putnam & Company Ltd. .
 Jerram, Mike. "For Business And Pleasure—No. 3", Aeroplane Monthly, Vol. 14, No. 9, September 1986. pp. 474–477. .
 Mason, Tim. The Secret Years: Flight Testing at Boscombe Down, 1939-1945. Crowborough, UK: Hikoki Publications, 2010. .
 Mondey, David. The Hamlyn Concise Guide to British Aircraft of World War II. London: Chancellor Press, 2002. .

1940s British military trainer aircraft
1940s British military utility aircraft
1940s British civil utility aircraft
Miles aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1941
Twin-tail aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Nikola Hajdin. Nikola Hajdin (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Хајдин; 4 April 1923 – 17 July 2019) was a Serbian construction engineer, professor and the president of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts,  as a member of the Department of Technical Sciences.

Biography
As a construction engineer, he built many bridges in Yugoslavia; most prominently the New Railway Bridge in Belgrade and the Liberty Bridge in Novi Sad. Nikola Hajdin also designed the bridge which was built in 2007 in Poland - the Solidarity Bridge in Płock over the Vistula river.

Hajdin was professor of the University of Belgrade Faculty of Civil Engineering. He held masters and doctoral degrees from the same school (his mentor was professor Jakov Hlitčijev). He was also a member of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts, Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts and other organisations.

Hajdin stated in an interview that the controversial SANU Memorandum was never the official document of the Academy and that it did containt anything malicious.

References

1923 births
2019 deaths
20th-century Serbian engineers
University of Belgrade Faculty of Civil Engineering alumni
Academic staff of the University of Belgrade
Members of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
Members of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts
People from Vrbovsko
Serbs of Croatia
Yugoslav engineers
Dreaming in Code. Dreaming in Code: Two Dozen Programmers, Three Years, 4,732 Bugs, and One Quest for Transcendent Software  is a (2007) Random House literary nonfiction book by Salon.com editor and journalist Scott Rosenberg. It documents the workers of Mitch Kapor's Open Source Applications Foundation as they struggled with collaboration and the software development task of building the open source calendar application Chandler.

Rosenberg spent time observing the organization at work and wrote about its milestones and problems. The book combines narrative with explanations of software development philosophy, methodology, and process, referring to The Mythical Man-Month and other texts of the field. In a review published in the Atlantic, James Fallows compared the book to Tracy Kidder's The Soul of a New Machine. 

At the time of the book's publication, OSAF had not yet released Chandler 1.0. Chandler 1.0 was released on August 8, 2008.

References

External links
Official web site
"Joel On Software" review of "Dreaming in Code"
Author interview at Salon.com

Software development books
Objectivity/DB. Objectivity/DB is a commercial object database produced by Objectivity, Inc. It allows applications to store standard C++, C#, Java, or Python objects persistently, without converting them into the rows and columns used by a relational database management system (RDBMS). Objectivity/DB supports popular object-oriented languages as well as SQL/ODBC and XML. It is compatible with Linux, Macintosh, UNIX and Windows platforms, facilitating interoperability across different languages and hardware environments.

History
Objectivity/DB was first introduced in 1990. The C++ and Java interfaces adhere to the ODMG'93 standard, with subsequent additions of C# and Python interfaces. Objectivity, Inc. ceased in late 2023.

Architectural features
Objectivity/DB operates as a distributed database, providing a unified logical view across a network of databases. It employs a distributed computing model where client applications transparently communicate with simplified servers processes. This architecture enhances scalability and reliability, supporting ingest rates exceeding one terabyte per hour while concurrently facilitating data fusion and query operations.

Objectivity/DB utilizes a distributed storage hierarchy, storing objects in logical clusters called containers within federated databases. Each object is assigned a unique 64-bit Object Identifier (OID) within a massive physical address space spanning millions of Terabytes. Notably, the largest reported deployment at SLAC's BaBar experiment stored over a petabyte of objects.

The database offers flexibility in defining object placement within its storage hierarchy. through customizable strategies encapsulated in XML configuration files. This approach allows database designers to specify how persistent objects are stored, distributed, and positioned relative to other designated objects.

In Objectivity/DB, objects can establish named uni-directional or bi-directional links with other objects, supporting various cardinalities (1:1, 1, many:1, many). Object Identifiers (OIDs) expedite navigation across networks of objects, supporting scalable collections (tree, list, set etc.), indices, and hash tables. By eliminating relational Join operations typical in RDBMS, Objectivity/DB achieves enhanced performance advantages.

The distributed architecture of Objectivity/DB has facilitated its adoption in grid computing environments and Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) applications. It holds certification as an IBM Ready for Grid product and supports the J2EE Connector Architecture (JCA) standard making it suitable for deployment in cloud environments.

References

External links
 Objectivity, Inc.
 ODBMS.ORG

Proprietary database management systems
Object-oriented database management systems
Airburst round. An airburst round is a type of tactical anti-personnel and anti-aircraft explosive ammunition, typically a shell or grenade, that detonates in midair, causing air burst effect fragment damage to enemy personnel or aircraft (notably comparably unsophisticated unmanned aircraft systems such as modified racing drones). In the latter case, airburst rounds are used in anti-aircraft or "zenith" cannon, known in military slang as FLAK (from the German "fliegerabwehrkanone", air defence cannon) or ack-ack (from the British phonetic alphabet, as an initialism for Anti Air).

This makes it easier to hit enemy soldiers behind a wall, in a defensive fighting position, or in a confined space or room. It is used on many guns, from artillery to the hand-held XM25 Individual Airburst Weapon System (derived from the XM29 OICW). Unlike traditional grenades, such as the 40 mm grenade, smart grenades can be electronically programmed to explode after travelling a certain distance. A fire control computer or some other electronic sighting system is used to quickly program the electronic fuse with any distance, as conditions dictate.

Orbital ATK developed 30x173mm Mk310 PABM-T airburst rounds for Mk44 Bushmaster II.

Terminology

It is also called an airburst shell, air burst grenade, programmable ammunition, 3P ammunition or smart grenade.

List of airburst round platforms

20 mm grenade
XM29 OICW
Daewoo K11
QTS-11
25 mm grenade:
XM25 Individual Airburst Weapon System
XM307 Advanced Crew Served Weapon
Barrett XM109
30 mm
Shipunov 2A42
2A72
Mk44 Bushmaster II
Rheinmetall MK30-2/ABM
Rheinmetall Wotan 30 ABM
Rheinmetall KCE30
35 mm
PAPOP
Norinco QLU-11
Rheinmetall Wotan 35 ABM
Skyshield; Skynex
40 mm
Bofors 40 mm gun
Mk 47 Striker
Multi Caliber Individual Weapon System
Norinco LG5
K40
40mm CTA
Atom 40 mm
57 mm
AU-220M
84 mm
Carl Gustaf 8.4cm recoilless rifle
125 mm grenade
M-84AS1

External media
Video showing effects of 40mm programmable airburst ammunition

References

Grenades
Ammunition
Agusta A.104. The Agusta A.104 Helicar was an Italian prototype light commercial helicopter first flown in December 1960.

Production
The A.104 was a slightly enlarged version of the A.103, and added a second seat beside the pilot's seat. The cockpit was enclosed by a perspex bubble with the engine at the rear and the tail rotor carried on an enclosed boom.

Two piston-engined prototypes were built, followed by a single example of a turbine-engined variant designated A.104BT. No production resulted.

Surviving aircraft
An example of the A.104 is preserved in the Museo Agusta which is maintained by the Agusta company and is located just south of Milan Malpensa Airport.

Variants
A.104 HelicarTwo prototype aircraft powered by de-rated Agusta GA.140 piston engines.
A.104BT HelicarA single example of a turbo-shaft powered Helicar, powered by a   Agusta A.270.

Specifications

See also

References

External links

 luftfahrt-archiv.de

Agusta aircraft
1960s Italian civil utility aircraft
1960s Italian helicopters
Aircraft first flown in 1960
Single-engined piston helicopters
Single-rotor helicopters
Aircraft with skid landing gear
Agusta GA.140. 

The Agusta GA.140/V is a 4-cylinder, air-cooled, horizontally opposed engine mounted vertically, developed in Italy for helicopter use and produced from 1962 to 1969.

Specifications (G.A.140/V)

Applications
 Agusta A.104

Notes

References

 Erickson, Jack. Horizontally-Opposed Piston Aero Engines

1960s aircraft piston engines
Boxer engines
Agusta aircraft engines
Agusta A.106. The Agusta A.106 was a single-seat light helicopter designed to provide an anti-submarine warfare (ASW) platform for the Impavido-class destroyers of the Italian Navy. The aircraft was provided with a sophisticated electronics suite by Ferranti for autostabilisation and contact identification. Two torpedoes could be slung under the fuselage. The tail and two-bladed main rotor could be folded for shipboard stowage, and the skid undercarriage had fittings for flotation bags.

Two prototypes were built, the first flying in November 1965. A pre-production batch of 5 was cancelled by the Navy in 1973.

Operators

 Italian Navy (Marina Militare) for evaluation only

Specifications

See also

References

 
 

Agusta aircraft
1960s Italian anti-submarine aircraft
Anti-submarine helicopters
1960s Italian helicopters
Single-turbine helicopters
Aircraft first flown in 1965
Single-rotor helicopters
Aircraft with skid landing gear
Microsoft Visual Programming Language. Microsoft Visual Programming Language, or VPL, is a visual programming and dataflow programming language developed by Microsoft for the Microsoft Robotics Studio. 
VPL is based on the event-driven and data-driven approach. The programming language is distinguished from other Microsoft programming languages such as Visual Basic and C#, as it is the only Microsoft language that is a true visual programming language.  Microsoft has utilized the term "Visual" in its previous programming products to reflect that a large degree of development in these languages can be performed by "dragging and dropping" in a traditional wysiwyg fashion.

See also
 Dataflow programming
 Visual programming languages
 Microsoft Robotics Developer Studio
 VIPLE: Visual IoT/Robotics Programming Language Environment

References

Further reading

External links
 Microsoft Visual Programming Language
 Visual IoT/Robotics Programming Language Environment: 
 Andreas Ulbrich demonstrates the Microsoft Visual Programming Language

Visual Programming Language
Visual Programming Language
Robot programming languages
Visual programming languages
Façade engineering. Building façades are one of the largest, most important elements in the overall aesthetic and technical performance of a building. Façade engineering is the art and science of resolving aesthetic, environmental and structural issues to achieve the effective enclosure of buildings.

Specialist companies are dedicated to this niche sector of the building industry and engineers operate within technical divisions of façade manufacturing companies. Generally, façade engineers are specifically qualified in the discipline of façade engineering and consultants work with the design team on construction projects for architects, building owners, construction managers and product manufacturers.

Façade engineers must consider aspects such as the design, certification, fabrication and installation of the building façades with regards to the performance of materials, aesthetic appearance, structural behaviour, weathertightness, safety and serviceability, security, maintenance and build ability. The skill set will include matters such as computational fluid dynamics, heat transfer through two- and three-dimensional constructions, the behaviour of materials, manufacturing methodologies, structural engineering and logistics.

Over time, the specialist skills necessary in this niche sector have surpassed the capabilities of architects, structural and mechanical engineers as buildings are designed with more complexity and with the introduction of Building Information Modelling (BIM).

Building façades are considered to be one of the most expensive and potentially the highest risk element of any major project. Historically building facades have the greatest level of failure of any part of a building fabric and the pressure for change and adaptation due to environmental and energy performance needs is greater than any other element of a building. As a consequence façade engineering has become a science in its own right.

In the United Kingdom, a professional body associated with the industry is the Society of Façade Engineering. Qualifications in façade engineering recognised by the Society of Façade Engineering and international professional qualifications include the MSc in façade engineering. This may be from the University of Bath; Technical University Delft or Detmolder Schule fur Architektur und Innenarchitekter Hochschule or other qualifications subject to review by the Membership panel.

References

Building engineering
Architectural elements
Agusta-Bell AB.102. The Agusta AB.102 was an Italian helicopter produced in small numbers in the early 1960s. The aircraft was based on the mechanical components of a Bell 48 that Agusta incorporated into an all-new, streamlined fuselage. The first flight was on 3 February 1959 and the prototype was exhibited at that year's Paris Air Show in faux military colours. Only two production examples were built, operated by Elivie in a regular air service between Turin and Milan from 1961. However, the advent of turbine-powered helicopters in the 1960s soon rendered the AB.102 obsolete.

Operators

Elivie
Ministry of Defence

Specifications

See also

References

 
 

Agusta aircraft
1950s Italian civil utility aircraft
1950s Italian helicopters
Single-engined piston helicopters
Aircraft first flown in 1959
Single-rotor helicopters
Aircraft with skid landing gear