omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Bilateral sound. Bilateral sound is a type of bilateral stimulation used in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) in the same manner as eye movement. It has been reported to enhance visualization and hypnosis, but this has received little attention in research. Essentially, the sound moves back and forth across the stereo field at a steady rhythm. In this regard, bilateral sound has been used in commercial recordings, and has been applied manually with the use of an electronic metronome or other means. Controversies regarding this and other forms of bilateral stimulation are discussed in the article on EMDR.

Other fields 

In other fields, the words bilateral and sound may be found together, but not necesserality referring to a pattern of sound as in the above use of the phrase.

In medicine, bilateral sound can refer to a type of sound coming from both sides of the body, as in crepitus from temporomandibular joint (TMJ) syndrome when it occurs on both sides of the TMJ. In this case, bilateral is an anatomical term.

In cochlear implant technology, bilateral sound refers to the provision of a different sound input for each ear to help the patient localize and interpret the sound.

In analog optical sound recording technology applications such as that used to provide audio for film, bilateral sound production makes use of two mirror-image tracks of light and dark patterns that are designed so as to avoid sound distortion where light may not adequately illuminate the full width of an area of the tracks.

References 

Bilateral Sound in EMDR, Visualization and Success
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing for posttraumatic stress disorder: a pilot blinded, randomized study of stimulation type. Servan-Schreiber D, Schooler J, Dew MA, Carter C, Bartone P. Psychother Psychosom. 2006;75(5):290-7.
Sixth Quarterly Progress ReportApril 1, 2003, through June 30, 2003: Speech Processors for Auditory Prostheses
Donald K. Eddington., et al.

Sound for Film and Television, 2nd Ed. Holman, Tomlinson. 2002, Focal Press.

Visualization (graphics)
Mind–body interventions
Sapphire Technology. Sapphire Technology Limited () is a Hong Kong–based technology company, founded in 2001, which produces graphics cards for personal computers and workstations, motherboards, TV tuner cards, digital audio players and LCDTVs

Sapphire's products are based on AMD graphics processing units, and both AMD (ATI) and Intel motherboard chipset technology. The company is the largest supplier of AMD-based video cards in the world.

Sapphire was the first company to release a video card with a high definition multimedia interface (HDMI) connector.

Sapphire was the first company to release a video card having clock speed of 1000 MHz (1 GHz) with the release of the Sapphire Atomic Edition HD 4890.

Manufacturing facilities
As of 2007, Sapphire has two ISO 9001 and ISO 14001-certified manufacturing facilities in Dongguan, China, which have a monthly production capacity of 1.8 million video cards.
The manufacturing facility had an area of about 250,000 m2 used by 16 independent production lines as of May 2005.

Manufacturing process

Sapphire buys printed circuit boards (PCB) from an external contractor, but they place components on the PCB and reflow them in their own factories. AMD GPUs have historically been used in their products.

Gallery

See also

References

External links

2001 establishments in Hong Kong
Computer hardware companies
Computer systems companies
Graphics hardware companies
Motherboard companies
Electronics companies of Hong Kong
Hong Kong brands
SN1CB mechanism. In coordination chemistry, the SN1cB (conjugate base) mechanism describes the pathway by which many metal amine complexes undergo substitution, that is, ligand exchange. Typically, the reaction entails reaction of a polyamino metal halide with aqueous base to give the corresponding polyamine metal hydroxide:
[Co(NH3)5Cl]^2+ + OH- -> [Co(NH3)5OH]^2+ + Cl-
The rate law for the reaction is:

The rate law is deceptive: hydroxide serves not as a nucleophile but as a base to deprotonate the coordinated ammonia.  Simultaneously with deprotonation, the halide dissociates.  Water binds to the coordinatively unsaturated complex followed by proton transfer to give the hydroxy complex.  The conjugate base resulting from deprotonation of the amine is rarely observed..

References

Nucleophilic substitution reactions
Coordination chemistry
Reaction mechanisms
Roaring Meg hydro scheme. The Roaring Meg hydro scheme refers to two small hydro electricity power stations fed by the Roaring Meg Dam. The scheme is located next to the Roaring Meg Stream in the Kawarau Gorge, near Cromwell, New Zealand. Roaring Meg is owned and operated by Pioneer Energy.

History
The scheme was built by the Otago Central Power Board starting in 1934 and commissioned 1936, at a cost of 40,000 pounds. At times the lower station has been flooded by the Kawarau River.

Layout
The scheme starts with the  high Roaring Meg Dam located  upstream from the confluence with the Kawarau River. The intake flows into a series of pipes connected to the power stations. The upper station discharges into both a pipe feeding the lower station and the Roaring Meg Stream, while the lower station discharges into the Kawarau River.

Performance
Annual energy production from both stations is approximately .

Lower Roaring Meg station:
 Two turbines
 Operating Head 
 Combined Output 
 Flow 1300 litres per second

Upper Roaring Meg station:
 Two turbines
 Operating Head 
 Combined Output 
 Flow 1300 litres per second

References

External links

Buildings and structures in Otago
Hydroelectric power stations in New Zealand
Radcliffe Power Station. Radcliffe Power Station was a coal-fired power station in Radcliffe, Greater Manchester, England.

History
The station was opened on 9 October 1905 by the Earl of Derby. It generated electricity using two 1,500 kW turbo generating sets made by British Thomson-Houston. Radcliffe Power Station was the first power station in the UK to transmit power by bare electrical conductors at 10kV.  The station was fed coal by the nearby East Lancashire Railway line.

The station was progressively expanded, reaching a combined capacity of 42,375 kW following the installation of two extra 10,000 kW British Thomson-Houston generating sets in 1922.

In May 1926, The Times reported that the cost of generation per unit of electricity was .25d (approximately £0.001 today), the cost per unit sold being .483d (approximately £0.002). The station had delivered 125,727,060 units of electricity.

The station was originally operated by The Lancashire Electric Power Company but was operated by the British Electricity Authority, Central Electricity Authority and Central Electricity Generating Board after nationalisation in 1947. It was closed a few years later in 1959.

References

External links

 An image of Mount Sion road that shows the station in the distance

Coal-fired power stations in England
Buildings and structures in the Metropolitan Borough of Bury
1905 establishments in England
1959 disestablishments in England
Power stations in North West England
Irwell Valley
Radcliffe, Greater Manchester
SDS (company). GEOS (Global Entity Online System) is an integrated online system for the management and processing of securities, with a strong focus on Straight Through Processing (STP). The main components of GEOS (management of financial instruments, position keeping and order management) cover the entire value-added chain of securities transactions – ranging from securities orders to clearing and settlement to Corporate actions processing (e.g. for dividend payments).

GEOS has been developed by Software Daten Service (SDS) – a 100% subsidiary of T-Systems International. Headquarters of SDS are in Vienna in the T-Center.

Customers include HSBC Trinkaus, Raiffeisen Österreich, Bank Austria (a member of UniCredit), UniCredit Țiriac Bank in Romania and Banque et Caisse d'Épargne de l'État in Luxembourg. GEOS covers around 80% of the Austrian securities processing market.

GEOS originated from the software EOS, which was developed by the Austrian Schöllerbank in the 1980s and offered to other Austrian banks by Software Daten Service. The development of GEOS started in 1993 and the system was put in operation by a bank for the first time in 1998.

External links
 Software Daten Service

Financial markets
Bisphenol. The bisphenols () are a group of industrial chemical compounds related to diphenylmethane; commonly used in the creation of plastics and epoxy resins. Most are based on two hydroxyphenyl functional groups linked by a methylene bridge. Exceptions include bisphenol S, P, and M. "Bisphenol" is a common name; the letter following denotes the variant, which depends on the additional substituents. Bisphenol A is the most popular representative of the group, with millions of metric tons produced globally in the past decade, often simply called "bisphenol".

List

Health effects
Bisphenols A (BPA), F (BPF) and S (BPS) have been shown to be endocrine disruptors, potentially relating to adverse health effects. Due to its high production volumes, BPA has been characterised as a "pseudo-persistent" chemical, leading to its spreading and potential accumulation in a variety of environmental matrices, even though it has a fairly short half-life.

References

Further reading 
 For additional examples and alternate names, see: 

 
Endocrine disruptors
Komatsu 830E. The Komatsu 830E is an ultra class haul truck used in open pit mining designed and built in Peoria, Illinois by Komatsu America Corporation, whose parent company is the Japanese held company Komatsu Ltd.

The Komatsu 830E is notable for the rated capacity of .
While large, the 830E's capacity is just under two-thirds the capacity of its two largest competitors, the Liebherr T 282C and Caterpillar 797B. It differs from conventional dump trucks as it uses an electric drive system instead of a transmission/differential drive. The diesel engine is connected to a GE traction alternator then high voltage cables transfer electricity to the two wheel motors at the rear of the truck.

Previously the 830E was made by Dresser Industries, before it was taken over by Komatsu.

References 

 http://www.komatsu.com.au/Equipment/Pages/Dump%20Trucks%20-%20Rigid/830E-1AC.aspx 

Komatsu vehicles
Hybrid trucks
Haul trucks
Materials Studio. Materials Studio is software for simulating and modeling materials. It is developed and distributed by BIOVIA (formerly Accelrys), a firm specializing in research software for computational chemistry, bioinformatics, cheminformatics, molecular dynamics simulation, and quantum mechanics.

This software is used in advanced research of various materials, such as polymers, carbon nanotubes, catalysts, metals, ceramics, and so on, by universities (e.g., North Dakota State University), research centers, and high tech companies.

Materials Studio is a client–server model software package with Microsoft Windows-based PC clients and Windows and Linux-based servers running on PCs, Linux IA-64 workstations (including Silicon Graphics (SGI) Altix) and HP XC clusters.

Software components
Analytical and Crystallization: to investigate, predict, and modify crystal structure and crystal growth.
Morphology
Polymorph Predictor
Reflex, Reflex Plus, Reflex QPA: to assist the interpretation of diffraction data for determination of crystallic structure, to validate the results of experiment and computation.
X-Cell: indexing  for medium- to high-quality powder diffraction data from X-ray, neutron, and electron radiation sources.
Quantum and Catalysis
Adsorption Locator: to find the most stable adsorption sites for various materials, including zeolites, carbon nanotubes, silica gel, and activated carbon
CASTEP: to predict electronic, optical, and structural properties
ONETEP: to perform linear-scaling density functional theory simulations
DMol3: quantum mechanical methods to predict materials properties
Sorption: to predict fundamental properties, such as sorption isotherms (or loading curves) and Henry's constants
VAMP: high-speed calculation of a variety of physical and chemical molecular properties, e.g., for quick screening during drug discovery
QSAR, QSAR Plus: to identify compounds with optimal physicochemical properties.
Polymers and Classical Simulation: to construct and characterize models of isolated chains or bulk polymers and predict their properties
Materials Component Collection
Materials Visualizer

Basic workflow
Materials Visualizer is used to construct/import graphical models of materials
Accurate structure is determined by  quantum mechanical, semi-empirical, or classical simulation
Various required properties may be predicted/analyzed

See also 
 Quantum chemistry computer programs
 Comparison of software for molecular mechanics modeling
 Molecular design software
 List of software for Monte Carlo molecular modeling
 List of software for nanostructures modeling

References

Computational chemistry software
Simulation software
Percoll. Percoll is a reagent consisting of colloidal silica particles used in cell biology and other laboratory settings. It was first formulated by Pertoft and colleagues, and commercialized by Pharmacia Fine Chemicals. Percoll is used for the isolation of cells, organelles, or viruses by density centrifugation. 

Percoll was developed from previously reported uses of colloidal silica nanoparticles coated with polysaccharides or polymers for rate zonal, isopycnic, or equilibrium centrifugal separations. Percoll itself specifically consists of polydisperse silica nanoparticles 15–30 nm diameter (23% w/w in water) which have been coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).
Percoll is well suited for density gradient experiments because it possesses a low viscosity compared to alternatives, a low osmolarity, and no toxicity towards cells and their constituents.

Percoll is a registered trademark of Cytiva.

Characteristics
Percoll does not notably diffuse over time, resulting in the formation of very stable gradients. Therefore, both discontinuous and continuous Percoll density gradients can be prepared weeks in advance, allowing great reproducibility & ease of use.

Past use in artificial reproduction 
Percoll was previously used in assisted reproductive technology (ART) to select sperm from semen by density gradient centrifugation, for use in techniques such as in vitro fertilization or intrauterine insemination. However, in 1996, Pharmacia sent out a letter to laboratories stating that Percoll should be used for research purposes only, not clinical. Pharmacia had not marketed it as a sperm preparation product; it had been repackaged and sold as such by third-party manufacturers. The FDA Warning Letter was due to concerns that PVP might cause damage to sperm (an unknown issue), and also that some batches of Percoll contained high levels of endotoxin (a known issue). The latter concern also applies to the use of Percoll with any other cells that might be injected back into a patient, since endotoxin can cause severe inflammation and fever. Since then it has been replaced with other colloids in the ART industry.

References 

Biochemistry
Bolton TIC. Bolton Technical Innovation Centre (TIC) is a training centre in Minerva Road, Farnworth, Bolton, Greater Manchester, England. Its purpose is to provide facilities for technical training beyond the capabilities of local schools.

Aims
The Bolton Technical Innovation Centre is intended to assist young people to realise their technical ambitions, by designing and making things beyond what can be achieved in schools. It is designed to inspire young people to become scientists, engineers, and technologists. People from 9 to 19 years of age can visit during and beyond the normal school day, at weekends and during the holidays. The centre is open to all schools in the Bolton area.

Facilities
The centre has a lecture theatre, exhibition space, breakout rooms, and a catering service. It can accommodate up to 200 students. It also has 3D design areas, a research and development hall, video-conferencing, a virtual reality, and visualisation experience, a 3D projection system, rapid prototyping, and advanced manufacturing facilities.

The building was started in 2002–2003, completed in 2005, and officially opened by the Princess Royal in November 2006.

References

External links
 Web site

Education in the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton
Buildings and structures completed in 2005
Buildings and structures in Bolton
21st-century architecture in the United Kingdom
Chichester Dam. Chichester Dam is a minor concrete gravity dam across the Chichester and Wangat rivers, upstream of Dungog, in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. The dam's main purpose is water supply for the Lower Hunter region. A mini hydro-electric power station operates at times of peak flow and is connected to the national grid. The impounded reservoir is Lake Chichester.

Location and features
The dam wall is  high,  long, and was constructed using a cyclopean system of interlocking concrete blocks and large boulders with a volume of . The wall is anchored to the bedrock below it by 93 stressed tendons. At 100% capacity the dam wall holds back  of water at  Australian Height Datum. The spillway is capable of discharging . The surface area of the reservoir is  and the catchment area, largely located within the Barrington Tops National Park, is . The dam is connected to reservoirs in Maitland, Cessnock and Newcastle by an  gravitation main.

History
Land for the water supply scheme was appropriated in the Gazette of 6 October 1916. To safeguard the purity of the water the populated part of the Wangat Valley, including the old goldmining town of Wangat, and the greater portion of the populated part of the Chichester Valley were resumed. The Act appropriated £A as the estimated cost of construction of the dam, with additional funds set aside for land resumption.

In 1965 the spillway was lowered by  to increase flood capacity. In 1985 the dam was post tensioned with cables and the spillway was relocated to the centre of the dam and returned to its original height. In 1995 the seepage potential was reduced under the northern abutment and in 2003 an improved drainage system for the dam's foundations was installed and the left parapet wall was raised to prevent overtopping in a major flood.

Power generation
Following a report by the Health Rivers Commission, in 1998 the Minister for Urban Affairs and Planning, Craig Knowles, announced that a small hydro-electric power station would be installed in the Chichester Dam in order to generate electricity, reduce greenhouse emissions and allow surplus power to be sold back to the grid. Completed in 2001 and operated by Delta Electricity, the mini-power station generates up to  of electricity at times of peak flow; with an average annual generation of .

See also

 List of dams and reservoirs in New South Wales

References

External links

 
 

dams completed in 1926
dams in New South Wales
Dungog Shire
energy infrastructure completed in 2001
gravity dams
Hunter Region
hydroelectric power stations in New South Wales
reservoirs in New South Wales
National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology. National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology (NKUST; ) is a university located in Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

NKUST offers undergraduate and graduate programs in various fields such as engineering, business, management, design, humanities, and social sciences.

NKUST has a number of research centers and institutes such as the center for Photonics and Optoelectronic Materials, the Institute of Biomedical Engineering, and the Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering.

History
The university was formed in 2018 by a merger of the National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology (NKFUST), the National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences (KUAS) and the National Kaohsiung Marine University (NKMU).

Academic Ranking

Campus

First Campus
Located in Yanchao and Nanzih Districts. The campus was formerly the National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology.

Jiangong Campus
Located in Sanmin District. The campus was formerly the National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences.

Nanzih Campus
Located in Nanzih District. The campus was formerly the National Kaohsiung Marine University.

Cijin Campus
Located in Cijin District. The campus was formerly the National Kaohsiung Marine University.

Yanchao Campus
Located in Yanchao District.

See also
 List of universities in Taiwan

References

External links 
 

 
2018 establishments in Taiwan
Universities and colleges established in 2018
Scientific organizations based in Taiwan
Technical universities and colleges in Taiwan
Universities and colleges in Kaohsiung
Universities and colleges in Taiwan
SHARE Operating System. The SHARE Operating System (SOS) is an operating system introduced in 1959 by the SHARE user group. It is an improvement on the General Motors GM-NAA I/O operating system, the first operating system for the IBM 704. The main objective was to improve the sharing of programs.

The SHARE Operating System provided new methods to manage buffers and input/output devices. Like GM-NAA I/O, it allowed execution of programs written in assembly language.

SOS initially ran on the IBM 709 computer and was then ported to its transistorized successor, the IBM 7090.

A series of articles describing innovations in the system appears in the April 1959 Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery.  

In 1962, IBM discontinued support for SOS and announced an entirely new (and incompatible) operating system, IBM 7090/94 IBSYS.

See also
 Multiple Console Time Sharing System
 Timeline of operating systems
 SQUOZE

References

Further reading
  (5 pages)
  (7 pages)
  (4 pages) (NB. This was presented at the ACM meeting 11-13 June 1958.)

External links
 Upload of the SHARE Operating System software and documentation (partial archive)

1959 software
Free software operating systems

IBM operating systems 
Discontinued operating systems
GM-NAA I/O. The GM-NAA I/O input/output system of General Motors and North American Aviation was the first operating system for the IBM 704 computer.

It was created in 1956 by Robert L. Patrick of General Motors Research and Owen Mock of North American Aviation. It was based on a system monitor created in 1955 by programmers of General Motors for its IBM 701.

The main function of GM-NAA I/O was to automatically execute a new program once the one that was being executed had finished (batch processing).  It was formed of shared routines to the programs that provided common access to the input/output devices. Some version of the system was used in about forty 704 installations.

See also
SHARE Operating System, an operating system based on GM-NAA I/O.
Multiple Console Time Sharing System
Timeline of operating systems
Resident monitor

References

External links
 Operating Systems at Conception by Robert L. Patrick
 The World’s First Computer Operating System in millosh's blog talks about the General Motors OS and GM-NAA I/O

Also the developers helped UNIX devs to make the UNIX operating-system 
IBM mainframe operating systems
Discontinued operating systems
1956 software
Computer-related introductions in 1956
History of computing