omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Fyre (software). Fyre, formerly de Jong Explorer, is a cross-platform tool for producing artwork based on histograms of iterated chaotic functions. It implements the Peter de Jong map in a fixed function pipeline through either a GTK GUI frontend, or a command line facility for easier rendering of high-resolution, high quality images. The program was renamed from de Jong Explorer to Fyre simply because 'It wasn't taken yet' and so that in the future, it could support more functions than just the standard Peter de Jong map. Fyre features a sidebar on the left to which the user can input the required variables and on the right is displayed the result of the equation.

Extra features

 Additional image manipulation tools such as Gaussian blurs and Gamma controls are included in the program. The advantage to using them directly within Fyre is that the image accuracy and quality do not decline.
 Fyre features animation capabilities so that a user can link together several maps and create uncompressed AVIs from them. However, the uncompressed animation files are very large and so should be compressed with a separate tool, such as mencoder.

Peter de Jong Map

For most values of a,b,c and d the point (x,y) moves chaotically. The resulting image is a map of the probability that the point lies within the area represented by each pixel. Therefore, the longer that the user lets Fyre render for, the larger the probability map becomes and the more accurate the resulting image.

External links
Archive of Fyre home page on Internet Archive Wayback Machine
Fyre page on Github

Graphics software
Graphics software that uses GTK
Graphics-related software for Linux
Madagascar: Operation Penguin. Madagascar: Operation Penguin is a platform video game for the Game Boy Advance, developed by Vicarious Visions and published by Activision. The game is based on DreamWorks' Madagascar animated film.

Overview 
The game loosely follows the penguin's side-plot from the film, as they attempt to escape from the Central Park Zoo. Players control Private throughout a variety of 2D platforming levels. Private obtains several gadgets and objects to assist him, including: a large frozen fish to attack, a fruit slingshot, a soda bottle jet pack, a straw blowpipe, and a hamburger wrapper parachute.

Reception
GameZone gave the game a 7.5/10, stating: "With more variety and some mini-games, this could have been a better game, but as it stands, it's still a good outing with those penguins from Madagascar". Console Gameworld said it offers "witty dialogue to keep the story moving along and has some replay value." Game Chronicles claimed that Operation Penguin is "technically a very solid game, and only falls apart once you realize that [...] it's all the same old same old."

References 

2005 video games
Activision games
Game Boy Advance games
Game Boy Advance-only games
Madagascar (franchise) video games
Platformers
Side-scrolling video games
Vicarious Visions games
Video games developed in the United States
Video games set in Antarctica
Video games set in Madagascar
Video games set in New York City
Video games about penguins
ASRAD-R. ASRAD-R (Advanced Short Range Air Defence System - RBS) is a vehicle-mounted short-range air defense system, designed by a joint German-Swedish effort between Rheinmetall and Saab Bofors Dynamics. The system is modular and can be mounted on almost any wheeled or tracked vehicle. It has for instance been demonstrated mounted on an M113 armoured personnel carrier.

Normally the same vehicle carries both the main sensor and the main effector of the system. However, thanks to the systems modularity, it can also be delivered in a split configuration with one vehicle carrying the main sensor and several other vehicles carrying the missiles.

The main sensor is Saab's (formerly Ericsson Microwave System) HARD AESA air search 3D radar with an instrumented range of 20 km or an Infra-red search and track, depending upon the customer's specifications. The effector is the latest version of the Saab Bofors Dynamics RBS 70 surface-to-air missile, called Bolide. The missile is a laser guidance beam riding short range missile equipped with a highly effective proximity fuze. It is supposed to be effective against cruise missiles.

Each unit is equipped with four ready-to-fire missiles and an optical day and night sight to continually point the laser beam at the target. This means the system makes use of ACLOS type of guidance. Since the laser receiver is located at the back of the missile the system is practically immune to jamming but the method can be hampered by very low-visibility atmospheric conditions. 
 
Finland placed the first order in August 2002. The Finnish systems are mounted on Sisu Nasus (four units) and Mercedes-Benz Unimog 5000 L/38 4x4s (12 units). Each battery also has four RBS 70 MANPADS launchers with Bolide missiles.

Specifications
Ceiling: 5,000 m
Max range: 8,000 m
Max weight: 900 kg
Min range: 200 m

Operators
 - designated ItO 2005. 16 vehicle mounted units, some MANPADS units, which equals four batteries (one each for the three rapid reaction forces, and one for the capital area, as a complement for other SAM systems).

See also
 LeFlaSys Ozelot, variant used by the German Army
 ASRAD-HELLAS, variant used by the Greek Army

References

21st-century surface-to-air missiles
Post–Cold War military equipment of Finland
Bofors
Rheinmetall
Saab
Military equipment introduced in the 2000s
Bromoform (data page). This page provides supplementary chemical data on bromoform.

Material Safety Data Sheet  

The handling of this chemical may incur notable safety precautions. It is highly recommend that you seek the Material Safety Datasheet (MSDS) for this chemical from a reliable source and follow its directions.
SIRI
Science Stuff

Structure and properties

Thermodynamic properties  

Enthalpy of combustion

Spectral data

References 

Chemical data pages
Chemical data pages cleanup
Aldus PhotoStyler. Aldus PhotoStyler was a graphics software program developed by the Taiwanese company Ulead. Released in June 1991 as the first 24 bit image editor for Windows, it was bought the same year by the Aldus Prepress group. Its main competition was Adobe Photoshop. Version 2.0 (late 1993) introduced a new user interface and improved color calibration. PhotoStyler SE - lacking some features of the version 2.0 - was bundled with scanners like HP ScanJet. The product disappeared from the Adobe product line after Adobe acquired Aldus in 1994.

References

Further reading 

Graphics software
Aldus software
Relay Gold. Relay Gold is a terminal emulator software program that supports modem transmission and mainframe file transfer. It was developed by Microcom, and marketed by Relay Technology until its acquisition in the late 1990s by NetManage.

Relay Gold supports asynchronous serial communication, TYMNET and TELENET networks, satellite connections, and IBM 3270 emulation boards.  It uses a data compression algorithm licensed from Adaptive Computer Technologies to provide file transfer speeds up to four times the effective speed of the modem with which it is used. The software allows for up to 15 simultaneous communications sessions on a PC, which can run in the background. Scripting language allows for automation of log in, data collection, and file transfer. The software can write these scripts automatically through keylogging.

References

Communication software
Micro Focus International
Enterprise service layer. In a service-oriented architecture business software implementation, the enterprise service layer is the highest level of abstraction.

Any application programming interface defined at the enterprise service layer can cross domain boundaries; it calls directly the domain device layer, which in turn interacts with the application service layer or the RDBMS Service Layer.  Therefore, any application programming interface which must access multiple domains to execute correctly must exist at the enterprise level.

Since the enterprise service layer is the application programming interface of the entire enterprise, all the components in the enterprise can call it directly, and it can sometimes be accessed from outside the service-providing entity.

The enterprise service layer exposes a number of application programming interface considerably lower than the application service layer because it works at a higher level of abstraction.

References 

Service-oriented (business computing)
Friedrichshafen G.I. The Friedrichshafen G.I (factory designation FF.36 or FF.30) was a prototype heavy bomber aircraft that was built in Germany by Flugzeugbau Friedrichshafen in 1915. It was Karl Gehlen's first design for the company, and although it was not produced in quantity, it provided the foundation for the later, highly successful bombers culminating in the G.III.

Design and development
The Friedrichshafen G.I first flew in 1915 and was originally conceived as a battle-plane but the design emphasis was shifted to the bomber role when the battle-plane concept proved unworkable. The G.I was a biplane with a crew of three and armament of a single machine gun mounted on a gun ring in the nose of the aircraft. The front part of the fuselage was covered with plywood while the rear half of the fuselage was fabric covered as were the wings and the tail surfaces. The biplane wings were braced by three pairs of interplane struts on each side of the fuselage while the tail unit was a box-shaped biplane unit with two rudders mounted between the tips of the horizontal stabilizers. The fuselage was attached to the lower wing and the two engine nacelles were suspended between the wings by a system of struts. Each nacelle housed a six-cylinder 110 kW (150 hp) Benz Bz.III engine in a pusher configuration.

Operators

 Luftstreitkrafte

Specifications (G.I)

See also

References

Bibliography

Further reading

 
 

G.I
1910s German bomber aircraft
Twin-engined pusher aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1915
Biplanes
Friedrichshafen G.II. The Friedrichshafen G.II (factory designation FF.38) was a heavy bomber aircraft that was designed and manufactured in Germany during World War I by Flugzeugbau Friedrichshafen. The plane was used by the Luftstreitkräfte (German Imperial Air Service) for tactical and limited strategic bombing operations.

While the G.I had been a generally successful design it was clear it needed further improvement before it was fit for combat. The G.I was thus developed further into the G.II. The wings now only had two pairs of interplane struts on each side of the fuselage and the box shaped tail unit was replaced by a simple horizontal and vertical stabilizer assembly. Experience with the G.I had shown it to be underpowered and the G.II had more powerful six-cylinder 150 kW (200 hp) Benz Bz.IV engines installed which increased the bomb load. The increase in power also enabled the installation of a second defensive machine gun aft of the wings between the propellers which were still mounted in a pusher configuration. The crew still consisted of three men, a rear gunner, a pilot and a bomb aimer who doubled as a nose gunner.

Operational history
While the Friedrichshafen G.I remained a prototype the G.II went into production with 35 aircraft being built by Friedrichshafen (18 built) and Daimler (17 built). The G.II saw active service from early 1916 with German bomber units on the Western Front and in Macedonia where it was mostly used for tactical bombing operations. At first these were conducted in daylight but later, as losses mounted, most attacks were conducted at night.

Operators
 
 Luftstreitkrafte

Specifications (FF.38)

See also

References

Bibliography

Further reading

 
 

G.II
1910s German bomber aircraft
Twin-engined pusher aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1916
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Friedrichshafen G.IV. The Friedrichshafen G.IV and G.V (factory designations FF.61 and FF.55) respectively were heavy bombers that were designed and manufactured in Germany during World War I by Flugzeugbau Friedrichshafen. The G.IV saw limited use by the Luftstreitkräfte (German Imperial Air Service) for tactical and limited strategic bombing operations, while the G.V and a follow-on design, the FF.62 did not fly until after the Armistice.

Development
Although the G.III series had proven to be successful, Friedrichshafen engineers began to work on a replacement aircraft during 1917. Faced with the fact that any successor would have to be powered by the same 190 kW (260 hp) Mercedes D.IVa engine as the G.III series, engineers decided to increase performance by trying to lighten the aircraft. In part this was achieved by completely removing the nose gunner's position. Another major change was that the twin engines were now arranged in a tractor configuration for the first time. Two basic versions of this bomber were produced; the G.IV which had a similar tail unit as the G.III, while the G.IVa had a tail unit similar to that of the G.IIIa and G.IIIb. Other than modifications to the fuselage and tail surfaces to account for the change in the aircraft's center of gravity the G.IV series aircraft were roughly similar to the G.III series aircraft. Little is known of the wartime career of the G.IV and G.IVa. Two batches of these bombers were ordered from Friedrichshafen and Daimler and some of them were delivered before the war ended. While it is certain that some examples of the improved Friedrichshafen G.IV were delivered it is not clear how many they were or whether they saw service at the front.

The G.V was generally similar to the G.IVs, and featured a similar box-like tail unit. It differed, however, in having an even shorter forward fuselage, so that the nose of the aircraft was now behind the propeller discs. This allowed the engines to be moved closer to the aircraft's centreline, making asymmetrical thrust less of a problem in the case of the failure of one of its engines. A single prototype flew on 9 May 1918, but it was not put into production. The FF.62 did not fly until 20 November, and was generally similar except for reverting to Mercedes D.IVa in place of the new Maybach Mb IVa engines used on the G.V.

Operators
 
 Luftstreitkrafte

Specifications (G.IV)

See also

References

Bibliography

Further reading

 
 

G.IV
1910s German bomber aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1918
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Twin-engined piston aircraft
Design/Build/Fly. Design/Build/Fly, or DBF, is a radio-controlled aircraft competition sponsored by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), Cessna Aircraft Company, and Raytheon Missile Systems.   The competition is intended to challenge the AIAA student branches of each university to design, build, and fly a remote-controlled airplane that can complete specific ground and flight missions. Additionally, the teams are required to submit a comprehensive design report detailing the most important aspects of their designs.

Competition rules vary annually, switching between humanitarian and military themes. Rules typically release in late September, with the final fly-off in April. A mathematical formula outlined in the rules calculates each entry's score, which lately combines design report and performance scores from fly-off missions.

Results 

1.The 2020 fly-off was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Scores and rankings were solely based on the report scores.
2.The 2021 fly-off was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Select teams were invited to submit a video presentation and demonstration of their aircraft.

Design aspects 
Students are required to keep up with changing technologies and mission requirements as the aerospace industry advances. Recent mission requirements have included increased focus on fuel efficiency, environmental sustainability, and electric propulsion. Additionally, the use of advanced materials and manufacturing techniques has become more prevalent in the competition, as students look for ways to optimize their aircraft performance while keeping costs down.

List of top 5 finishes by university

References

External links
 Home page

Aerospace engineering
Engineering competitions
William Franklin Draper (politician). William Franklin Draper (April 9, 1842 – January 28, 1910) was an American businessman, industrialist, and soldier who served as a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts.

Biography

Draper was born in Lowell, Massachusetts on April 9, 1842, and was a descendant of early Massachusetts settler James Draper. Draper attended public, private, and high schools, he studied mechanical engineering and cotton manufacturing.

During the American Civil War Draper enlisted as a private in the Twenty-fifth Regiment, Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, on September 9, 1861. He was soon elected Second Lieutenant of his company and was promoted rapidly to lieutenant colonel. After his discharge Draper was awarded the brevet grades of colonel and brigadier general of Volunteers.

After the war he joined his family's textile machine manufacturing business at Hopedale, Massachusetts, and patented many improvements. He also served as delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1876. He went on to serve as colonel on the staff of Governor John Davis Long from 1880 to 1883.

Draper was elected as a Republican to the Fifty-third and Fifty-fourth Congresses (March 4, 1893 – March 3, 1897). Draper served as chairman of the Committee on Patents (Fifty-fourth Congress), however he was not a candidate for renomination in 1896. He later served as president of the Draper Co. upon its incorporation in 1896. Later he was the Ambassador and Minister Plenipotentiary to Italy 1897–1899.

Draper was married twice: to Lydia Joy from 1862 until her death in 1884, and to Susan Preston, daughter of General William Preston of Kentucky, who survived him. His second marriage may be the only one in which a Union general married the daughter of a Confederate general. Their daughter Margaret Preston Draper married Italian aristocrat Prince Andrea Boncompagni-Ludovisi.

He died in Washington, D.C., on January 28, 1910, he was interred in Village Cemetery, Hopedale, Massachusetts.

See also

List of Massachusetts generals in the American Civil War
Massachusetts in the American Civil War

References

External links
 Men of Mark in America Biography & Portrait

 

1842 births
1910 deaths
People from Hopedale, Massachusetts
People of Massachusetts in the American Civil War
1876 United States presidential election
Union army generals
19th-century American diplomats
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts
Politicians from Lowell, Massachusetts
19th-century members of the United States House of Representatives
Tulio Larrínaga. Tulio Larrínaga (January 15, 1847 – April 28, 1917) was a Resident Commissioner of Puerto Rico.

Biography 
Born in Trujillo Alto, Puerto Rico, Larrínaga attended the Seminario Consiliar of San Ildefonso at San Juan, Puerto Rico. He studied civil engineering at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York, and, in 1871, graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia.

Larrínaga practiced his profession in the United States for some time, returning to Puerto Rico in 1872 where he was appointed architect for the city of San Juan. In 1880, Larrínaga built the first railroad in Puerto Rico and introduced American rolling stock onto the island. For ten years he was the chief engineer of the Provincial Works.

Larrínaga's involvement in politics began in 1898, when he was appointed Assistant Secretary of the Interior in the Autonomist government. Two years later, he was sent by his party as a delegate to Washington, D.C.

Larrínaga served as member of the house of delegates for the district of Arecibo in 1902. In 1904, he was elected as a Unionist Resident Commissioner to the United States. He was reelected twice, serving from March 4, 1905, until March 3, 1911.
Larrínaga also served as delegate from the United States to the Third Pan-American Conference held in Rio de Janeiro in 1906. In 1911, he served as a member of the executive council of Puerto Rico.

Following his political career, Larrínaga resumed the practice of civil engineering in San Juan. He died there on April 28, 1917, and was interred at  	
Cementerio Municipal de Mayagüez in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.

See also
 List of Hispanic Americans in the United States Congress

Sources

1847 births
1917 deaths
19th-century Puerto Rican people
19th-century American politicians
Puerto Rican civil engineers
People from Trujillo Alto, Puerto Rico
Puerto Rican people of Basque descent
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni
Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Puerto Rico
Resident commissioners of Puerto Rico
Union of Puerto Rico politicians
University of Pennsylvania alumni
20th-century members of the United States House of Representatives
Plasma Pong. Plasma Pong is an unfinished video game created by American programmer Steve Taylor when he was attending George Mason University. It is an enhanced version of Atari, Inc.'s Pong where the ball and paddles move through a multicolored substance simulated via fluid dynamics. The game received positive attention, but development was put on hiatus in 2007 after receiving a cease and desist notice from the Pong trademark owner, Atari Interactive.

Gameplay
Two players control a paddle each, at either side of the screen, volleying a ball between them. The environment is a fluid-like plasma which can be pushed and sucked with the paddles.

There are three game modes. In single-player, the player combats a progressively smarter AI in a fluid environment where the fluid moves faster and faster, affecting the ball more and more. Multiplayer is little different, with two players typically sharing a single keyboard to play against each other. The sandbox mode, however, gives the player near total access to color, particle, and fluid motion effects, allowing them to simply play around with the game's fluid dynamics engine and see what interesting motions they can create.

Reception
Wired News included Plasma Pong on a list of the best indie games of 2007. They highlighted the complex but manageable gameplay and beautiful graphics, but criticized the occasionally unpredictable ball control. In June 2007, The Washington Post described the game as "sort of like playing Ping-Pong while floating in melted lollipops".

Legacy
An HTML5 remake was made by another programmer.

References

External links 
 (archived in 2007)

2007 video games
MacOS games
Pong variations
Video games developed in the United States
Windows games
1,2-Dichloroethane (data page). This page provides supplementary chemical data on 1,2-dichloroethane.

Structure and properties

Thermodynamic properties

Vapor pressure of liquid

Table data obtained from CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 44th ed. The (s) annotation indicates temperature is equilibrium of vapor over solid. Otherwise temperature is equilibrium of vapor over liquid.

Distillation data
See also:
 Tetrachloroethylene (data page)

Spectral data

References

 

Dichloroethane
Chemical data pages cleanup