omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
I.S.T. L-17. The I.S.T. L-17 Masang was a two-seat, single engine, low wing monoplane aircraft designed and built in the Philippine Republic in the mid-1950s.  It was intended for both touring and training.

Design and development

In the mid-1950s the Philippine Institute of Science and Technology (I.S.T.) designed aircraft to explore the possibilities of local aircraft production from indigenous materials.  The single engine, tricycle undercarriage, low wing monoplane L-17 was one of them.

Its wing was a single-piece wooden structure with 5° of dihedral  and a straight-tapered plan.  It was plywood-covered and had split flaps inboard of the ailerons.  The cantilever tail unit was similarly constructed with the straight-tapered horizontal surfaces on top of the extreme aft fuselage; the single-piece elevator carried an offset trim tab. The vertical tail was tall and straight-edged; the bottom of the horn balanced rudder was above the elevator and just aft of its hinge, with a small cut-out to allow for elevator deflection.

The L-17's fuselage was a plywood-skinned wooden semi-monocoque, the cockpit seating two side by side under a single piece canopy.  A 108 hp (80 kW) Lycoming O-235 flat-four engine drove a two-blade propeller.  The fixed tricycle undercarriage had rearward-sloping oleo legs mounted to the wings, giving a track of 2.40 m (7 ft 10 in).

The first flight of the L-17 was scheduled for May 1956.

Specifications

References

L-17
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1956
1950s Philippine civil trainer aircraft
Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Sport Flight Talon. The Sport Flight Talon is a high-wing, pusher configuration single-engine, conventional landing gear homebuilt aircraft or ultralight aircraft, that was produced by Sport Flight Aviation of Sandy, Oregon in kit form for amateur construction.

The aircraft is no longer offered on the company website and seems to be out of production.

Design and development
The Talon was developed from the Maxair Drifter and introduced into the market in 1989. The aircraft shares the Drifter's main fuselage tube, used as the aircraft's spine. The rudder pedals attach to the front of the tube, the seat and wing support structure to the center and the tail to the rear of the tube. The main improvements over the original Drifter include strut-braced wings with jury struts, flaps, streamlined baggage area, optional enclosed cockpit, wheel pants and brakes. The addition of many options and extras over the basic Drifter design means that the Talon cannot be constructed in the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles category, due to exceeding the maximum  category empty weight and must instead be registered as a homebuilt aircraft in the USA. In other countries, such as Canada, the Talon fits the ultralight or microlight aircraft category.

The aircraft's structure is made from 6061-T6 aluminum, with the main landing gear struts of 4130 steel. The aluminum frame wing is covered in pre-sewn Dacron envelopes. Construction time from the kit is reported as 120 hours.

The basic Talon design has been developed into a series of single and tandem two seaters, with varying powerplants.

Variants
Talon Magnum
Single seat model, power range , standard engine HKS 700E of . Optional engines include the  Rotax 447, the  Rotax 503 and the  Rotax 582. Twenty had been constructed by December 2007.
Talon XP
Two-seats-in-tandem model, power range , standard engine HKS 700E of . Optional engines include the  Rotax 447, the  Rotax 503 and the  Rotax 582. This model has an increased wingspan of . Seventy had been constructed by December 2007.
Talon Super Magnum
Single model, standard engine Rotax 582 of , with the  Rotax 447 or the  Rotax 503 optional. This model is the XP model with the rear seat area converted into additional baggage space. It has an increased wingspan of . Fits the FAI microlight class.
Talon Typhoon
Single seat aerobatic model.

Specifications (Talon XP)

References

External links

Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
International Conference on Automated Software Engineering. The International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE) is a large annual software engineering conference. The first conference in the series was held in 1986. Between 1986 and 1990 the conference was known as Knowledge-Based Software Assistant (KBSA), between 1991 and 1996 the conference was known as Knowledge-Based Software Engineering (KBSE).

List of Conferences
Past and future ASE conferences include:

References

External links
 ASE Conference

Software engineering conferences
Valerie Randle. Valerie Randle is a materials engineer who specialised in electron backscatter diffraction, grain boundary engineering, and has written a number of text books on the subject  She was Welsh Woman of the Year in 1998 and in the same year was awarded the Rosenhain Award for achievements in Materials Science  by the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining.
In 2004 she was invited as a guest of HM the Queen to a luncheon at Buckingham Palace for the 'top 180 female achievers in the country'. From 2008 she has been included in Who's Who. as part of increasing public recognition of scientists.  She has made significant contributions in the field of materials engineering with over 150 indexed publications in the field.

Career
Randle entered Cardiff University at the age of 27 to study chemistry, and found that the metallurgy module sparked her interest in materials. She then did a PhD and eventually was awarded a Royal Society Research Fellowship which took her to Swansea University in 1992.

In 1999, she was made a professor in the Department of Metals Engineering, working within the field of microstructure of materials at Swansea University. Randle became Head of the Materials Research Centre in 2007–2009. She has published some 370 research papers and five textbooks, and given many invited lectures all over the world.

After twenty-five years at Swansea University, she retired in 2013.

As Valerie Norris she has published two novels, In the Long Run and The April Letters with Cambria Publishing.

Personal life
Valerie Randle was born in 1953 and has lived in Wales since she moved there when she was eighteen. Randle left school when was sixteen, got married at eighteen and had two children by the age of twenty. In 2013, at age sixty, she chose to take early retirement.

Publications

The Measurement of Grain Boundary Geometry (Microscopy in Materials Science), 1993.
Grain Boundary Geometry in Polycrystals, 1993.
Atlas of Backscattering Kikuchi Diffraction Patterns, 1994.  
The Role of the Coincidence Site Lattice in Grain Boundary Engineering, 1996.  
Introduction to Texture Analysis: Macrotexture, Microtexture and Orientation Mapping, 2000, 2nd edn 2009.
Microtexture Determination and its Applications, 1992, 2nd edn 2003.

References

1953 births
Welsh chemists
Welsh women chemists
Living people
Alumni of Cardiff University
Academics of Swansea University
20th-century Welsh women scientists
20th-century Welsh scientists
21st-century Welsh women scientists
21st-century Welsh scientists
Kashgar–Hotan railway. The Kashgar–Hotan railway or Kahe railway (, abbreviated ), is a single-track, non-electrified, railway in Xinjiang, China between Kashgar and Hotan. The railway is  in length and runs along the southern edge of the Taklamakan Desert, connecting all major cities and towns of the Southwestern Tarim Basin, including Shule, Akto, Yengisar, Yarkant (Shache), Poskam (Zepu), Karghilik (Yecheng), Pishan (Guma) and Karakax (Moyu). The line extends the Southern Xinjiang Railway south from Kashgar. Construction began in December 2008. The line opened to freight traffic on December 30, 2010. Passenger service began on June 28, 2011. Beyond Hotan, it continues as the Hotan–Ruoqiang railway.

If built, the proposed Khunjerab Railway, a part of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor, would link Islamabad in Pakistan to Hotan and the Chinese railway network. It also forms the Taklimakan Desert railway loop, together with sections of the Hotan–Ruoqiang railway, Southern Xinjiang railway, and Golmud–Korla railway.

Station list

See also

 List of railways in China

References

Railway lines in China
Rail transport in Xinjiang
Kashgar
Hotan
Railway lines opened in 2010
List of educational institutions in Namakkal district. This is a list of the schools and colleges in Namakkal district.

Engineering colleges
 J.K.K.Nattraja College of Engineering and Technology, Komarapalayam
 Vetri Vinayaha College of Engineering and Technology, Namakkal
 Paavai Engineering College, Namakkal
 Paavai College of Engineering, Namakkal
 Pavai College of Technology, Namakkal
 K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode
 Muthayammal Engineering college, Rasipuram
 King College of Technology, Nallur, Namakkal
 Mahendra Engineering College, Mallasamudram, Thiruchengode-Salem main road
 KSR Institute for Engineering and Technology, Tiruchengode, Namakkal, India - 637215

Pharmacy colleges 
 J.K.K. Nattraja College of Pharmacy, Komarapalayam

Dental colleges 
 K.S.R. Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode
 J.K.K.Nattraja Dental College and Hospital, Komarapalayam

Nursing colleges 
 J.K.K.Nattraja College of Nursing and Research, Komarapalayam

Polytechnic colleges 
 Muthaymmal Polytechnic College, Rasipuram
 Sri Vengateswaraa Polytechnic College, Vennandur
Voice of God Polytechnic College, Varagur

Arts and science colleges
 Muthaymmal Memorial College of Arts & Science, Rasipuram
 Namakkal Kavignar Ramaligam Government Arts College for Women, Namakkal
 Thiruvalluvar Government Arts College, Rasipuram
 J.K.K. Nattraja College of Arts & Science, Komarapalayam
 K. S. R. College of Arts and Science, Tiruchengode
 A.A. Govt. Arts College for Men, Namakkal
 Vivekanandha college of arts and sciences for women[autonomous]

B.Ed colleges
 Government College of Education, Komarapalayam
 J.K.K.Nattraja College of Education, Komarapalayam

Management colleges
 K. S. Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode

Schools

Matriculation schools
 J.K.K.Nattraja Matriculation Higher Secondary School, Komarapalayam

Elementary schools
 J.K.K.Nattraja Vidhyalya, Komarapalayam

References 

Namakkal
Education in Namakkal district
USA-224. 

USA-224, also known as NROL-49, is an American reconnaissance satellite. Launched in 2011 to replace the decade-old USA-161 satellite, it is the fifteenth KH-11 optical imaging satellite to reach orbit.

Project history and cost 
After the Boeing-led Future Imagery Architecture program failed in 2005, the National Reconnaissance Office ordered two more KH-11s. Critics worried that each of these "exquisite-class" satellites would cost more than the Navy's latest aircraft carrier ( in 2005, or about 
$ today). Instead, USA-224–the first of these two–was completed by Lockheed  under the initial budget estimate and two years ahead of schedule.

Launch 
USA-224 was launched atop a Delta IV Heavy rocket from Vandenberg AFB Space Launch Complex 6 in California. The launch was conducted by United Launch Alliance, and was the first flight of a Delta IV Heavy from Vandenberg. Liftoff occurred on 20 January 2011 at 21:10:30 UTC. Upon reaching orbit, the satellite received the International Designator 2011-002A.

The satellite began operating 33 days after its predecessor, USA-161, stopped doing its primary mission. This coverage gap was much smaller than originally feared, thanks to USA-224's earlier-than-planned launch and operational changes to extend the lifetime of USA-161.

As the fifteenth KH-11 satellite to be launched, USA-224 is a member of one of the later block configurations occasionally identified as being a separate system. Details of its mission and orbit are classified, but amateur observers have tracked it in low Earth orbit. Shortly after launch it was in an orbit with a perigee of , an apogee of  and 97.9 degrees of inclination, typical for an operational KH-11 satellite. By April it was  at 97.93 degrees.

Imaging of Safir launch preparation accident

On 30 August 2019, President Donald Trump tweeted a classified picture from an intelligence briefing showing the aftermath of an accident that apparently occurred during launch preparations of a Safir rocket at the Imam Khomeini Spaceport a day earlier. According to analysts, the photo is likely to have been taken by USA-224. The opinion is based on a close agreement between the estimated time when the photo was taken (based on the orientation of shadows cast by structures in the photo), and the location of the satellite at that same time, as estimated with tracking data maintained by the amateur satellite watching community. The  photograph stands out for its high-resolution (estimated by analysts to be 10 cm or less per pixel), sharpness and lack of atmospheric distortion. Before this tweet, the only KH-11 imagery available was leaked in 1984, and the only declassified imagery available in public domain was released in 2011 taken by KH-9.

See also

List of NRO launches
2011 in spaceflight

References

National Reconnaissance Office satellites
Spacecraft launched in 2011
Spacecraft launched by Delta IV rockets
USA satellites
Operation chart. The operation chart is a graphical and symbolic representation of the manufacturing operations used to produce a product. The operation chart illustrates only the value-adding activities in the manufacturing process; therefore, material handling and storage are not illustrated in this chart. operation chart records the overall picture of process and sequencewise steps of operations.

Operations and their symbols in the operation chart 
The operations described in the operation chart are:
Processing and assembly operations: Processing operation such as changing in shape and properties. On the other hand, joining two or more parts is an assembly operation. Furthermore, these two operations are represented by this symbols, circle (○) and (O) letter.
Inspection operations: Inspection operations are represented by square symbol (□) and (I) as letter. It's done by an inspector checks the material, work part and assembly for quality and quantity.

See also
Outline of manufacturing

References

Industrial engineering
Lai Châu Dam. The Lai Châu Dam is a hydroelectric dam on the Black River inaugurated on 20 December 2016 in Nậm Nhùn District, Lai Châu Province, Vietnam. The owner of the power station is Vietnam Electricity.

Dam was designed by Hydroproject, a Russian hydrotechnical design firm, in collaboration with the Vietnamese company Power Construction No.1 JSC. The ground clearance works and relocation of people was completed by September 2010. Construction started on 5 January 2011; it was expected to be operational by 2017 with the first turbine put into operation in 2016, but the plant was inaugurated on 20 December 2016, one year ahead of the schedule, in a ceremony attended by the Deputy Prime Minister Trịnh Đình Dũng and other important personalities.

The power station has three Francis turbines with a capacity of 400 MW each. Turbines have been manufactured at the Alstom's plant in Tianjin, China.  The total capacity of the station is 1,200 MW. It is the third largest hydroelectric power station in Vietnam and the third on the Da river. It is connected with the Hòa Bình Dam completed in 1994, and the Sơn La Dam, inaugurated in 2012. The Lai Châu hydropower projects cost VND 35,700 billion.

External links

References

Hydroelectric power stations in Vietnam
Dams in Vietnam
Buildings and structures in Lai Châu province
Ped. In soil science, peds are aggregates of soil particles formed naturally as a result of pedogenic processes; this natural organization of particles forms discrete units separated by pores or voids. The term is generally used for macroscopic (visible; i.e. greater than 1 mm in size) structural units when observing soils in the field. Soil peds should be described when the soil is dry or slightly moist, as they can be difficult to distinguish when wet.
An artificially formed aggregate of soil particles can be called a clod.

There are five major classes of macrostructure seen in soils:  platy, prismatic, columnar, granular, and blocky.  There are also structureless conditions. Some soils have simple structure, each unit being an entity without component smaller units. Others have compound structure, in which large units are composed of smaller units separated by persistent planes of weakness.

See also

Soil structure
Soil type
Soil horizon

References

Soil
Washington Steel Corporation. Washington Steel Corporation was a highly successful post-war stainless steel production company, located in Washington, Pennsylvania.  Washington Steel was the first U.S. company to use a Sendzimir Mill, invented by Polish inventor Tadeusz Sendzimir to cold-roll stainless steel.

Washington Steel was founded in 1945
by T. S. Fitch who was a member of the U.S. War Production Board from 1942 to 1944.  As a member of the Board's Steel Division, he saw a Sendzimir Cold Rolling Mill in operation, and began to appreciate its potential value for rolling stainless steel into thin, high-accuracy sheets. 

Washington Steel began production in 1947, with a 39-inch Z-mill much wider than any previously produced (it cost $278,000, installed). It operated two Sendzimir mills, which were equipped with Pratt and Whitney flying micrometers, capable of rolling 36-inch and 48-inch wide stainless sheet. The light-gauge stainless steel had exceptional dimensional accuracy and surface quality, and in its first year of operation the company posted net income of $237,000.  Sales in 1948 were $4.6 million, and by 1954, more than quadrupled to $19 million.

The company's ability to achieve dimensional precision in strong, light-gauge steel quickly won favor in the aerospace industry, and was used in the Atlas missile, which served as the launch vehicle for NASA's Project Mercury. This sent John Glenn, the first American into earth orbit in 1962. Washington Steel supplied Atlas missile with AISI grade 301, a special cold-rolled sustenitic steel.

The company was listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol WSS on Feb 7, 1968, and remained there until its purchase by Blount, Inc. in 1979.

Washington Steel was purchased by Lukens Steel Company in April 1992 for $274 million. In 1998, Bethlehem Steel Corp. acquired Lukens Steel and this included Washington Steel.

In 1999, Bethlehem Steel, the owner of Lukens Steel at the time, declared bankruptcy and sold off the Houston and Massillon mills to Allegheny Teledyne. The remaining mills from the Washington Steel acquisition were closed, citing strong competition in the stainless steel market as the cause. Allegheny used the assets of the Washington steel Division to improve its finishing capacity for sheet and strip.

References

Steel companies of the United States
Manufacturing companies established in 1945
Manufacturing companies disestablished in 1992
1945 establishments in Pennsylvania
Defunct manufacturing companies based in Pennsylvania
Peter Lee (engineer). Professor Peter Leslie Lee (born 1954) is an Australian engineer, academic, and higher education administrator, and a recognized authority within the field of process control. He served as vice-chancellor of Southern Cross University.

Education
Lee was educated in Melbourne, Australia, and holds a BEng (Chem) Degree from RMIT and was awarded a PhD from Monash University.

Professional career
Lee has wide experience in higher education administration in Australia, including service with Curtin University of Technology, Monash University, the University of South Australia and the University of Queensland. Lee served as Vice-Chancellor of Southern Cross University in northern New South Wales from 2009 to 2016, and has also served as Chair of the Australian Regional Universities Network.

Honours and awards
Lee was awarded the Centenary Medal in 2001; the Institute of Engineers Australia Excellence Award in 1998; and the Sheddon Pacific Medal for Excellence in 1993.

Publications
 Bao, J.and Lee, P.L. 2007. Process Control: The Passive Systems Approach. London and New York: Springer.
 Lee, P. L., Newell, R.B. and Cameron, I.T. 1998. Process Control and Management. London: Blackie Academic and Professional.
 Lee, P.L. 1993. Nonlinear Process Control. London and New York: Springer.
 Newell, R.B. and Lee, P.L. 1989. Applied Process Control: A Case Study. New York and Sydney: Prentice-Hall.

Online articles: http://theconversation.com/profiles/peter-lee-124620

References

1954 births
Living people
Academic staff of Southern Cross University
Inspection in manufacturing. Inspection in  manufacturing is conducting inspection during the production process. This approach of inspection helps to control the quality of products by helping to fix the sources of defects immediately after they are detected, and it is useful for any factory that wants to improve productivity, reduce defect rates, and reduce re-work and waste.

Positive impact
Reduces end-line defects
Saves time and efforts of final inspection
Helps to fix the problems at the outset, and prevents common mistakes being made repeatedly
Helps to ensure quality of the products of a production line

See also
 Quality control
 Good manufacturing practice

References 
Daizhong Su, Qingbin Zhang and Shifan Zhu. (2009). In-line inspection.

Industrial engineering