omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Aviation Technology Group. Aviation Technology Group (ATG) was an American aerospace company, the developer of the ATG Javelin very light jet (VLJ). It was founded in June 2000 by George Bye and has since gone out of business.

Facilities

ATG was headquartered at Centennial Airport, with manufacturing facilities at Front Range Airport in neighboring Aurora. The postal designation of nearby Englewood is used as the company's mailing address.

On August 23, 2005, Will Schippers, ATG's CFO, reported that ATG signed contracts to lease two buildings located at Front Range Airport. “These buildings will be interim facilities until we build permanent production facilities currently planned for 2009.”

ATG was leasing approximately  at Front Range Airport. The first building was a  facility, and was being used by ATG Flight Operations to manufacture four FAA conforming Javelin aircraft as well as serving as test facility headquarters.

The adjacent building was being used to assemble production aircraft. ATG anticipated production of up to 10 planes at a time in the  facility. When production reached full capacity for these facilities, ATG expected to have hired up to 150 new employees.

Sales

As of November 5, 2007, there were 153 positions on the waiting list for the ATG Javelin.

ATG halted all further development on the Javelin in December 2007 after failing to get $200 million to finance further development. ATG laid off all employees and halted development operations on December 17, 2007. On May 27, 2008 ATG filed for Chapter 7 Bankruptcy. The company subsequently declared bankruptcy in 2008, ending the development of the Javelin.

Board of directors
 Chair - George Bye, founder
 ATG President - Charlie Johnson, former President of Cessna

References

External links
Aviation Technology Group website

Aerospace companies of the United States
Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United States
Companies based in Arapahoe County, Colorado
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 2000
2000 establishments in Colorado
D8000. Released in 1980, the Dismac D8000 was the first personal computer manufactured in Brazil. It was also the first Brazilian TRS-80 Model I clone.

It used a 2 MHz Zilog Z80A microprocessor, with 16KB of RAM and 16Kb of ROM (containing Level II BASIC). Video output was through a PAL-M television, displaying 64x16 or 32x16 characters text mode or 128x48 semigraphics. The keyboard contained 51 keys and was part of the case, like the cassette recorder and the main processor unit.

The machine is considered rare, even in the Brazilian vintage computer market.

References

External links 
 Clube Old Bits - Brazilian site dedicated to the Brazilian vintage computers (in Portuguese only).
 Clube Old Bits - Dismac D8000 description and photo

Computers designed in Brazil
Z80-based home computers
TRS-80
Computer-related introductions in 1980
Fairmile Marine. Fairmile Marine was a British boat building company founded in 1939 by the car manufacturer Noel Macklin.

Macklin used the garage at his home at Cobham Fairmile in Surrey for manufacturing assembly which is why the boats he designed came to be called Fairmiles.

As a former Royal Horse Artillery and Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve officer, he was inspired to turn his talents and his technical staff to producing boats after reading an article by Vice-Admiral Cecil Vivian Usborne.

After his first designs were accepted and ordered by the Admiralty, Macklin found he had insufficient capital. To solve the problem the Fairmile company became an agency of the Admiralty with Usborne as one of the directors. As a result, the company carried out business without turning a profit, the staff being in effect part of the civil service.

Many Fairmile Bs were built in Commonwealth countries: 80 in Canada, 12 in New Zealand, and six in South Africa.

Boats designed

See also
 Vospers
 British Power Boat Company
 British Coastal Forces of World War II

Notes

References
  Lambert, John and Ross, Al . Allied Coastal Forces of World War Two, Volume I : Fairmile designs and US Submarine Chasers. 1990. .

External links

 The Fairmile Company
The Fairmile Bs of the Royal Canadian Navy

Borough of Elmbridge
Companies based in Surrey
Defunct shipbuilding companies of the United Kingdom
1939 establishments in England
Solid sweep. The sweep Sw of a solid S is defined as the solid created when a motion M is applied to a given solid. The solid S should be considered to be a set of points in the Euclidean space R3. Then the solid Sw which is generated by sweeping S over M will contain all the points over which the points of S have moved during the motion M. Solid sweeping which uses this process is employed in different fields, including the modelling of fillets and rounds, interference detection and the simulation of the numerical controlled machining process.

References

Euclidean solid geometry
Elaine Weyuker. Elaine Jessica Weyuker is an ACM Fellow, an IEEE Fellow (since 2003), and an AT&T Fellow at Bell Labs for research in software metrics and testing as well as elected to the National Academy of Engineering.  She is the author of over 130 papers in journals and refereed conference proceedings.

Education 
Weyuker received a Ph.D. in Computer Science from Rutgers University, and an M.S.E. from the University of Pennsylvania.

Career 
Prior to moving to AT&T Labs, she was on the faculty of the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences of New York University, was a faculty member at the City University of New York, a Systems' Engineer at IBM, and a programmer at Texaco.

She was the chair of the ACM-W Council, a member of the executive committee of the Coalition to Diversify Computing, a member of the Rutgers University Graduate School Advisory Board, and was a member of the board of directors of the Computing Research Association.  She is or was a member of the editorial boards of IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing, IEEE Spectrum, the Empirical Software Engineering Journal, and the Journal of Systems and Software, and was a founding editor of the ACM Transactions of Software Engineering and Methodology.  She was the Secretary/Treasurer of ACM SIGSOFT and was an ACM National Lecturer.

Awards 
In 2002, Weyuker was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering for "contributions to software testing, reliability, and measurement, and for the development of mathematical foundations for software testing".

In 2004, she was given the Harlan D. Mills Award from the IEEE Computer Society, "for leading research on rigorous software testing including industrial evaluations of the comparative effectiveness and costs of such testing methods."

In 2007, Weyuker received the ACM SIGSOFT Outstanding Research Award for "deep and lasting contributions and impact to software engineering as a discipline", and in 2008 she won the Anita Borg Institute, Technical Leadership Award for "outstanding research and technical leadership."

She was awarded the ACM 2010 Presidential Award for "her tireless efforts in the development and growth of the ACM Women's Council".

Selected bibliography

Books

Book chapters

References 

Place of birth missing (living people)
American computer programmers
American computer scientists
American technology writers
Computer systems engineers
Fellows of the IEEE
IBM employees
Living people
Rutgers University alumni
Texaco people
University of Pennsylvania School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
American women computer scientists
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
1945 births
Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences faculty
Scientists at Bell Labs
21st-century American women
Ballograf. Ballograf AB is a Swedish manufacturer of writing implements. Ballograf manufactures its products from raw materials to finished product in its factory in Västra Frölunda, Gothenburg.

Current range of instruments manufactured by Ballograf include mechanical pencils and ballpoint pens. The company is also distributor of several brands in Sweden, such as Sheaffer, Staedtler and Cross, which allow Ballograf to expand its variety to fountain and rollerball pens.

History 
In 1945, Austrian Eugen Spitzer, set up a company in Gothenburg with the aim of selling office supplies with the assistance of Friedrich Schaechter, a young Austrian inventor. The manufacturing of ballpoint pens began with Schaechter's experiments on a small scale in a garage on St. Pauli Street. Production subsequently increased and the business moved to Krokslätt Street in Mölndal, with the company now called Ballografverken, where Fritz Schaechter remained until 1951 as head of development.

The Ballograf brand was marketed throughout the Nordic countries and soon became well-known. Ballograf was early in launching a ballpoint pen with a push mechanism, which delivered increased user friendliness. In 1956, Ballograf introduced a ballpoint cartridge containing light-fast ink later certified to become archival ink. This was the major breakthrough for the ballpoint pen as it was now possible for public authorities and companies to use it. Ballograf was the leading brand of ballpoint pen in the Nordic countries. Sales were also progressing in other European countries including Austria, Switzerland and Holland. The company, despite being based on ballpoint pens, also manufactured fountain pens during this period.

In 1959, the company was bought by the French BIC Group, as they wanted to establish their business in the Scandinavian office supplies market.

During 2004, BIC decided to sell the brand, along with manufacture of Ballograf products, to the General Manager of the Nordic operation. The sale was completed on 1 November 2004 and 50% of the company is now owned by Jan Johansson and 50% by Tommy Kvist. Current production is sold world wide with a high acceptance of all its users.

Annual production 
Ballograf produces more than 4 million writing instruments per year, with a workforce of only 30 employees. Fifty percent of its output is consumed in Scandinavian countries, while the other half is exported around the world, mainly to Western Europe.

See also
 List of pen types, brands and companies

References

External links
 Official website

Swedish brands
Fountain pen and ink manufacturers
Manufacturing companies based in Gothenburg
Writing implements
USRC Gallatin (1830). The USRC Gallatin was a revenue cutter of the United States Revenue-Marine, one of 13 cutters of the Morris-Taney class to be launched.  Named after Secretaries of the Treasury and Presidents of the United States, these cutters were the backbone of the U.S. Revenue-Marine for more than a decade. Samuel Humphreys designed these cutters for roles as diverse as fighting pirates, privateers, combating smugglers, and operating with United States Navy forces.  He designed the vessels on a naval schooner concept.  They had Baltimore Clipper lines.  The vessels built by Webb and Allen, designed by Isaac Webb, resembled those of Humphreys, but had one less port.

After going into commission, Gallatin traveled to Wilmington, North Carolina.  On 16 November 1832,  Gallatin was transferred to Charleston, South Carolina, to help suppress the efforts by South Carolina to nullify the Tariff of 1828.  On 5 April 1833, she sailed for Wilmington, Delaware,  where she remained until transferred to the United States Coast Survey in April 1840. She returned to Revenue-Marine service in October 1848 and was transferred back to the Coast Survey in August 1849.

References

Cutters of the United States Navy
Schooners of the United States Navy
Ships of the United States Coast Survey
Morris-Taney-class cutters
Ships built by William H. Webb
1830 ships
USRC Hamilton (1830). The United States Revenue Cutter Hamilton was one of 13 cutters of the Morris-Taney Class to be launched.  Named after Secretaries of the Treasury and Presidents of the United States, these cutters were the backbone of the Service for more than a decade.  Samuel Humphreys designed these cutters for roles as diverse as fighting pirates, privateers, combating smugglers and operating with naval forces.  He designed the vessels on a naval schooner concept.  They had Baltimore Clipper lines.  The vessels built by Webb and Allen, designed by Isaac Webb, resembled Humphreys' but had one less port.

The Hamilton, the fastest vessel in the class, was named for Founding Father Alexander Hamilton and operated out of Boston for much of her career.  She became famous for rescues and saving of property.  Josiah Sturgis was her captain for much of this time. She became well known and extremely popular, so much so that music was written entitled the "Hamilton Quick step." The Hamilton transferred to Charleston, South Carolina in 1851. She was wrecked on the Tully Breakers on 9 December 1853 with the loss of fourteen of her fifteen crew.

Notes
Citations

References cited

 
 

Schooners of the United States
1830 ships
Morris-Taney-class cutters
Maritime incidents in December 1853
Ships built in Brooklyn
Gibson Robot Guitar. The Gibson Robot Guitar (a.k.a. GOR) is a limited-edition self-tuning Gibson guitar, typically a Les Paul. The first run of limited edition Robot Guitars was exclusively made up of Les Paul bodies. Five different Gibson models were available (2008-2011, Robot X-plorer 2008-2012)) with Robot Guitar features: The Robot Les Paul Studio, Robot SG, Robot Flying V,  Robot X-plorer, and a Robot Les Paul Junior. Developed by Chris Adams, its most notable feature is that it uses an onboard computer to automatically tune itself. This is not the first guitar to be able to tune itself, but it is regarded as the most modern, unique, and non-invasive self-tuning model available, because it does not employ cams or cantilevers throughout the body of the guitar.

Technical information 
The tuning system used on the Gibson Robot Guitar is based on the aftermarket Powertune system, which was developed by the Tronical Company of Germany. The Gibson system uses the standard Tune-o-matic style bridge typical on their guitars, but modifications were made to have individual piezo saddles that transmit each string's pitch to the microprocessor. The computer analyzes the signal, and then controls each of the Powerhead Locking Tuners. Each tuner is run by a small servo motor that works in sync with the bridge to bring the string up to pitch by altering the string's tension until it is within a desired tolerance.  The entire system is powered by a nickel metal hydride rechargeable battery pack housed in the control cavity of the guitar.

Features and functionality
The Robot Guitar appears to have the standard four knobs for individual pickup volume and tone controls; however, in place of the bridge pickup tone knob, there is the Master Control Knob (MCK).  The control functions like a “push-pull” knob: when in the down position, it functions like a standard control. When in the up position, however, the MCK is what coordinates the automatic tuning for the guitar by sending the information and power to the neck PCB through the strings.  Then the PCB activates the robot tuners by contact.

Users can choose from seven factory presets for tunings, six of which are editable. Each tuning can be returned to "standard" tuning of A (440 Hz) by simply pulling up on the MCK knob, and strumming the strings lightly.

Similar systems
While Gibson advertised the guitar in America as a "world first," similar systems developed by Transperformance have been in use for decades. Jimmy Page currently uses a Les Paul Goldtop with the Transperformance system in it. This system is also endorsed by Graham Nash as well as Ed Roland. The drawback to the Transperformance system is that it requires heavy modification to the instrument, including routing and installing multiple cams and cantilevers.

References

External links
Gibson Guitar Corporation
Transperformance
Gibson Les Paul

Products introduced in 2007
Robot Guitar
Robot
V. K. Aatre. Vasudev Kalkunte Aatre (born 1939) is an Indian scientist and former head of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), India's premier Defence research and development organization. In that capacity, he also served as the Scientific Advisor to the Defence Minister (Raksha Mantri). He is a recipient of the Padma Vibhushan award.

Biography
Aatre was born in 1939 in Bangalore. He completed his BE in electrical engineering from University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering (UVCE), Bangalore, then part of University of Mysore in 1961 and a master's degree from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, in 1963. He was awarded a PhD in electrical engineering from the University of Waterloo, Canada, in 1967. Thereafter, he worked as a professor of electrical engineering at the Technical University of Nova Scotia, Halifax, Canada, until 1980. He was a visiting professor at IISc till 1977. He is a former member of the Defence Research & Development Service (DRDS).

In 1980, Aatre joined DRDO at the Naval Physical & Oceanographic Laboratory (NPOL), Cochin, and became its director in 1984. He was later appointed as chief controller (R&D) of DRDO. In February 2000, he replaced Abdul Kalam as the director general of DRDO and SA to RM, serving as scientific advisor to the then Defence Minister, George Fernandes. He retired in October 2004 and was replaced by Dr. M. Natrajan.

Aatre was awarded the Padma Bhushan award in 2000 by the then President K. R. Narayanan.
He was bestowed with Padma Vibhushan award, India's second highest civilian award in 2016. He is now chairman of NIT Goa and IIEST SHIBPUR, Howrah.

In 2015, Karnataka Science and Technology awarded him with the academy's Lifetime Achievement Award for 2014.

See also
 List of University of Waterloo people

References

Further reading
 Dr. K Divyananda; Dr. W Selvamurthy (2005). Soaring High: A Biography of Dr. V. K. Aatre. New Delhi: IK International 

Indian electrical engineers
Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in science & engineering
1939 births
Living people
Scientists from Bengaluru
Indian Institute of Science alumni
University of Mysore alumni
University of Waterloo alumni
Fellows of the National Academy of Sciences, India
Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in science & engineering
Engineers from Karnataka
20th-century Indian engineers
University Visvesvaraya College of Engineering alumni
CodeSynthesis XSD/e. CodeSynthesis XSD/e is a validating XML parser/serializer and C++ XML Data Binding generator for Mobile and Embedded systems. It is developed by Code Synthesis and dual-licensed under the GNU GPL and a proprietary license. 

Given an XML instance specification (XML Schema), XSD/e can produce three kinds of C++ mappings: Embedded C++/Parser for event-driven XML parsing, Embedded C++/Serializer for event-driven XML serialization, and Embedded C++/Hybrid which provides a light-weight, in-memory object model on top of the other two mappings.

The C++/Hybrid mapping generates C++ classes for types defined in XML Schema as well as parsing and serialization code. The C++ classes represent the data stored in XML as a statically-typed, tree-like object model and support fully in-memory as well as partially in-memory/partially event-driven XML processing. The C++/Parser mapping generates validating C++ parser skeletons for data types defined in XML Schema. One can then implement these parser skeletons to build a custom in-memory representation or perform immediate processing as parts of the XML documents become available. Similarly, the Embedded C++/Serializer mapping generates validating C++ serializer skeletons for types defined in XML Schema which can be used to serialize application data to XML.

CodeSynthesis XSD/e itself is written in C++ and supports a number of embedded targets include Embedded Linux, VxWorks, QNX, LynxOS, iPhone OS and Windows CE.

References

External links
 CodeSynthesis XSD/e Home Page
 An Introduction to the C++/Hybrid Mapping
 An Introduction to the C++/Parser Mapping
 An Introduction to the C++/Serializer Mapping
 An Introduction to XML Data Binding in C++

XML parsers
C++ libraries
Embedded systems
Mineralization (geology). In geology, mineralization is the deposition of economically important metals in the formation of ore bodies or "lodes" by various process.

The first scientific studies of this process took place in the English county of Cornwall by J.W.Henwood FRS and later by R.W. Fox, FRS.

The term can also refer to the process by which waterborne minerals, such as calcium carbonate (calcite), iron oxide (hematite or limonite) or silica (quartz), replace organic material within the body of an organism that has died and was buried by sediments.

Mineralization may also refer to the product resulting from the process of mineralization. For example, mineralization (the process) may introduce metals (such as iron) into a rock. That rock may then be referred to as possessing iron mineralization.

See also
 Ore genesis

References

Economic geology
Mineralogy
Ore deposits
Stewart E. Miller. Stewart E. Miller (September 1, 1918 – February 27, 1990) was a noted American pioneer in microwave and optical communications.

Miller was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, attended high school in Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, and three years at the University of Wisconsin–Madison before transferring to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where in 1941 he received his S.B. and S.M. degrees in engineering. He joined Bell Labs to work on microwave radar, and became technical lead for the B-29's X-band (3 cm) radar microwave plumbing. After World War II, he was instrumental in AT&T's L-3 coaxial cable carrier systems, then transferred to the Radio Research Department where he made advances in many millimeter-wave components.

In the early 1960s, Miller was the first to recognize the potential of optical communications and as director of Guided Wave Research, initiated a program to investigate a variety of periodic lens systems. As optical fiber was developed in the late 1960s, he demonstrated its utility, and also proposed the combining multiple optical components on one semiconductor chip.  He became director of Lightwave Research in 1980, retired in 1983, and then consulted at Bellcore (now Telcordia Technologies) analyzing semiconductor lasers.

Miller held some 80 patents and was a member of the National Academy of Engineering, a Life Fellow of the IEEE, and a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the Optical Society of America. He received the Naval Ordnance Development Award in 1945, the 1972 IEEE Morris N. Liebmann Memorial Award, the 1975 IEEE W.R.G. Baker Prize (with Tingye Li and E.A.J. Marcatili), the Franklin Institute's 1977 Stuart Ballantine Medal, and the 1989 John Tyndall Award of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society for distinguished contributions to fiber optics technology.

References 

 National Academy of Engineering memorial tribute

1918 births
1990 deaths
American electrical engineers
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
Scientists at Bell Labs
Fellows of the IEEE
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Fellows of Optica (society)
20th-century American engineers
University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni