omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Toshiwo Doko. Toshiwo Doko (土光 敏夫 Dokō Toshio; September 15, 1896 – August 4, 1988) was a Japanese engineer born in Mitsu District, Okayama, Manager, President and Chairman of Ishikawajima Heavy Industry (IHI) and Toshiba.

Background
Dokō was a key manager in the Japanese economic miracle after World War II, in particular, from 1974 to 1980 when he helmed the Toshiba Corporation and was appointed chairman of the Japan Business Federation (Keidanren).

After graduating from Tokyo Institute of Technology (or Tokyo Kogyo Daigaku) in 1920, Dokō worked at the Ishikawajima Shipyard Co., first as a designer of turbines and then became a president from 1950 to 1960, during which he renewed the company to benefit from significant procurement provided by the United States during the Korean War. 

Dokō later chaired the Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. during the merger in 1960, overseeing the construction of the Idemitsu Maru, the largest tanker in the world. At Toshiba, he functioned as a  vice president between 1965 and 1972, and became the president between 1972 and 1976. He raised the morale of the workers driving the company towards prosperity.
During 1970's, he had a relationship with a company such as Standard Oil.

Dokō maintained 40-years of perfect attendance at work when at IHI in which he was never late or absent. His breakfast was simple and consisted of a piece of fish, rice and miso soup. His breakfast and lifestyle remained unchanged even after becoming the top of IHI and earing significant wealth. He rarely used air conditioning in summer and heating in winter and  donated more than half of his salary during 1970s to the school his mother established in Yokohama. He was also known to eat cold soba noodles for lunch every day.

In 1988, he posthumously received the highest distinction of the Scout Association of Japan, the Golden Pheasant Award.

References

External links
New York Times Obituary -  Toshiwo Doko Is Dead; Industry Chief Was 91

1896 births
1988 deaths
People from Okayama
20th-century Japanese engineers
Toshiba people
Tokyo Institute of Technology alumni
Raschig hydroxylamine process. The Raschig process for the production of hydroxylamine is one of three chemical processes developed by German chemist Friedrich Raschig. The main step in this process, patented by Raschig in 1887, is the reduction of nitrite with bisulfite towards hydroxylamine disulfonate, which is hydrolysed to hydroxylammonium sulfate. Most of the hydroxylamine produced is used in the manufacture of caprolactam, the precursor to the polymer Nylon 6.

The commercially used Raschig process consists of the following steps:
ammonium carbonate solution is prepared by reacting ammonia, carbon dioxide and water
an alkaline solution of ammonium nitrite is formed by reacting ammonium carbonate solution with nitrogen oxides
ammonium nitrite is converted to hydroxylamine disulfonate with sulfur dioxide
hydroxylamine disulfonate is hydrolysed to hydroxylammonium sulfate

References

Chemical processes
Domain knowledge. Domain knowledge is knowledge of a specific discipline or field  in contrast to general (or domain-independent) knowledge. The term is often used in reference to a more general discipline—for example, in describing a software engineer who has general knowledge of computer programming as well as domain knowledge about developing programs for a particular industry. People with domain knowledge are often regarded as specialists or experts in their field.

Knowledge capture
In software engineering, domain knowledge is knowledge about the environment in which the target system operates, for example, software agents. Domain knowledge usually must be learned from software users in the domain (as domain specialists/experts), rather than from software developers. It may include user workflows, data pipelines, business policies, configurations and constraints and is crucial in the development of a software application. Expert domain knowledge (frequently informal and ill-structured) is transformed in computer programs and active data, for example in a set of rules in knowledge bases, by knowledge engineers.

Communicating between end-users and software developers is often difficult. They  must find a common language to communicate in. Developing enough shared vocabulary to communicate can often take a while.

The same knowledge can be included in different domain knowledge. Knowledge which may be applicable across a number of domains is called domain-independent knowledge, for example logic and mathematics. Operations on domain knowledge are performed by metaknowledge.

See also
 Artificial intelligence
 Domain (software engineering)
 Domain engineering
 Domain of discourse
 Knowledge engineering
 Subject-matter expert

Literature
 Hjørland, B. & Albrechtsen, H. (1995). Toward A New Horizon in Information Science: Domain Analysis. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 1995, 46(6), p. 400–425.

References

Knowledge engineering
Theodore Paul Wright. Theodore Paul Wright (May 25, 1895 – August 21, 1970), also known as T. P. Wright, was a U.S. aeronautical engineer and educator.

Biography

He was born in Galesburg, Illinois on May 25, 1895. His father was the economist Philip Green Wright and his brothers were the geneticist Sewall Wright and the political scientist Quincy Wright. He graduated from Lombard College and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He served in World War I.

In 1936, he published an important paper entitled "Factors affecting the costs of airplanes" which describes what is known as Wright's law or experience curve effects. The paper describes that "we learn by doing" and that the cost of each unit produced decreases as a function of the cumulative number of units produced. 

He served as administrator of the Civil Aeronautics Administration during 1944–1948. When President Truman announced Wright’s resignation as Administrator of Civil Aeronautics on January 16, 1948, the New York Times reported that Wright felt he could not continue in office at a salary of $10,000 per year ().

He served as Cornell University's vice president in charge of research from 1948 to 1960 and served as acting president of Cornell University in 1951. He died on August 21, 1970.

Awards
Wright Brothers Medal (1930)
Honorary Doctorate from Knox College (1937)
Daniel Guggenheim Medal (1945)

See also
 Learning curve
Experience curve effects

References

External links 
Wright, Theodore Paul (1895-1970) Harvard Square Library
Theodore Paul Wright papers, 1911-1970. Cornell Library

1895 births
1970 deaths
Cornell University faculty
American aerospace engineers
20th-century American educators
Lombard College alumni
20th-century American engineers
A-1 (SP-1370). A-1 (SP-1370) was a converted houseboat used by the United States Navy during World War I. She was assigned the section patrol craft number SP-1370.

The A-1 was built in 1911 by Sillit Buchanan. Early in the war, the houseboat was inspected for possible naval service, and was taken over from F. E. Wright of San Pedro, California on 6 October 1917. The vessel was placed into service for the Navy on 30 December 1917. She operated in the waters of southern California through the end of World War I. Her logs end on 9 December 1918. So far no record of the boat's subsequent fate has survived.

References

Navsource.org

Motorboats of the United States Navy
Patrol vessels of the United States Navy
World War I patrol vessels of the United States
Houseboats
1911 ships
Record Management Services. Record Management Services (RMS) are procedures in the VMS, RSTS/E, RT-11 and RSX-11M operating systems that programs may call to process files and records within files. Its file formats and procedures are similar to of those in some IBM access methods for several of its mainframe computer operating systems and by other vendors for file and record management. VMS RMS is an integral part of the system software; its procedures run in executive mode. (RMS was not initially integrated into RT-11 and RSTS/E, but was available as an added charge "layered product". It was later added to RSTS/E and was a part of its standard documentation set.)

RMS supports four record access methods:
 Sequential Access
 Relative Record Number Access
 Record File Address Access
 Indexed Access

RMS supports four record formats:
 Fixed length
 Variable length
 Variable record length with fixed-length control blocks
 Stream files (records separated by termination characters)
 STREAM: Records terminated by CRLF
 STREAM_CR: Records terminated by CR
 STREAM_LF: Records terminated by LF

Digital provided the File Definition Language (FDL) which could be used to define the structure of an RMS file.

Notes

References

External links
 Guide to OpenVMS File Applications
 OpenVMS Record Management Services Reference Manual
 Free BASIC demo programs showing how to use RMS

OpenVMS software
Digital Equipment Corporation
ExxonMobil Building. The ExxonMobil Building (also known as Exxon Tower, and formerly as Humble Oil Building) at 800 Bell Street in Houston, Texas is a 45-story,  skyscraper built in 1963, designed by Welton Becket & Associates. The building is known for its “fins” which protrude from the building’s exterior to provide shade from the sun.

At the time of its construction, it was the tallest building west of the Mississippi River at , surpassing the Republic Bank Tower in Dallas (the previous record holder). It remained the tallest building west of the Mississippi only until 1965, when Elm Place was built in Dallas.

History
800 Bell Street was built in 1963 as the headquarters of Humble Oil Company, a predecessor of Exxon. In 1973 Humble's parent company Standard Oil of New Jersey rebranded nationwide as Exxon and discontinued the Humble name.
 
During the Houston Astros' 2004 NLCS run (playoffs), the top of the building was crowned by hundreds of tiny blue lights while an enormous Astros star (logo) made of white lights was hung on the south side of the building.

In 2011 the company announced they would relocate all employees in the building to a new ExxonMobil office in Spring.

In January 2013, Shorenstein Properties acquired the property for $50 million. As part of the deal, ExxonMobil leased back the entire building through 2015. Shorenstein Properties announced plans to undertake significant improvements following ExxonMobil's departure.

In 2015, as ExxonMobil's lease expired, oil prices crashed. This caused petroleum companies to shed excess office space, leaving the property vacant for almost the next decade.

Mayor of Houston Annise Parker proposed moving municipal court and Houston Police Department operations into the ExxonMobil building. Charles McClelland, the head of HPD, stated that having so many law enforcement and public safety agencies concentrated in a single building may be a safety risk, citing the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing. In September 2015 Parker's administration announced that the plan would not move forward due to concerns over costs.

In late 2022, the 1.2 million square foot building was sold to developers with plans to convert the vacant office building to residential units.

Location
The building is two blocks east of 1500 Louisiana Street; a parking lot is between the two buildings. The building is situated about five blocks north of the Pierce Elevated freeway, which is slated to be re-routed and removed as part of a Texas Department of Transportation Plan.

Petroleum Club
The Petroleum Club of Houston moved into the top three floors of the ExxonMobil Building in February 1963. The club was accessible through elevators on Bell Street. In January 2015, due to ExxonMobil's lease expiration, the club relocated to Total Plaza.

References

External links

ThePetroleum Club of Houston official website

 

ExxonMobil buildings and structures
Skyscraper office buildings in Houston
International style architecture in Texas
Buildings and structures in Houston
Welton Becket buildings
Office buildings completed in 1963
Downtown Houston
Bosch reaction. The Bosch reaction is a catalytic chemical reaction between carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) that produces elemental carbon (C,graphite), water, and  a 10% return of invested heat. CO2 is usually reduced by H2 to carbon in presence of a catalyst (e.g. iron (Fe)) and requires a temperature level of . 

The overall reaction is as follows:

CO2(g) + 2 H2(g) → C(s) + 2 H2O(l)

The above reaction is actually the result of two reactions. The first reaction, the reverse water gas shift reaction, is a fast one:

CO2 + H2 → CO + H2O 

The second reaction is the rate determining step:

CO + H2 → C + H2O

The overall reaction produces 2.3×103 joules for every gram of carbon dioxide reacted at 650 °C. Reaction temperatures are in the range of 450 to 600 °C.

The reaction can be accelerated in the presence of an iron, cobalt or nickel catalyst.  Ruthenium also serves to speed up the reaction.

Applications
Together with the Sabatier reaction, the Bosch reaction is studied as a way to remove carbon dioxide and to generate clean water aboard a space station.

The reaction is also used to produce graphite for radiocarbon dating with Accelerator Mass Spectrometry.

The Bosch reaction is being investigated for use in maintaining space station life support. Though the Bosch reaction would present a completely closed hydrogen and oxygen cycle which only produces atomic carbon as waste, difficulties in maintaining its higher required temperature and properly handling carbon deposits mean that significantly more research will be required before a Bosch reactor can become a reality. One problem is that the production of elemental carbon tends to foul the catalyst's surface, which is detrimental to the reaction's efficiency.

Notes

External links
A carbon dioxide reduction unit using Bosch reaction

Organic redox reactions
Name reactions
Hydrogen
Project network. A project network diagram is a graph that displays the order in which a project’s activities are to be completed. Derived from the work breakdown structure, the terminal elements of a project are organized sequentially based on the relationship among them. It is typically drawn from left to right to reflect project chronology.

Techniques

Activity-on-Node 
The Activity-on-Node (AON) technique uses nodes to represent individual project activities and path arrows to designate the sequence of activity completion. Nodes are labelled using information pertaining to the activity. According to Project Management, nodes should at least display the following information:

 Identifier
 Descriptive label
 Activity duration
 Early start time
 Early finish time
 Late start time
 Late finish time
 Activity float (slack)

Start and finish times are used to determine the critical path of a project. Activity float, or slack, time is used in project crashing.

Other techniques 
The condition for a valid project network is that it doesn't contain any circular references.

Project dependencies can also be depicted by a predecessor table. Although such a form is very inconvenient for human analysis, project management software often offers such a view for data entry.

An alternative way of showing and analyzing the sequence of project work is the design structure matrix or dependency structure matrix.

See also 

 Bar chart
 Float (project management)
 Gantt chart
 Project management 
 Project planning 
 Program evaluation and review technique

References

External links 
 Critical Path Mapping with Activity Network Diagrams
 Understand how scheduling tools works-Draw network diagram yourself

Charts
Project management techniques
Schedule (project management)
Substrate (printing). Substrate is used in a converting process such as printing or coating to generally describe the base material onto which, e.g. images, will be printed.  Base materials may include:
 plastic films or foils, 
 release liner
 textiles, 
 plastic containers
 any variety of paper (lightweight, heavyweight, coated, uncoated, paperboard, cardboard, etc.), or 
 parchment.

Electronics

Printing processes such as silk-screening and photolithography are used in electronics to produce printed circuit boards and integrated circuits.  Some common substrates used are;
 Glass-reinforced epoxy, eg FR-4 board
 Ceramic-PTFE laminate, eg 6010 board
 Alumina ceramic
 Silicon
 Gallium arsenide
 Sapphire
 Quartz

References

Bibliography
 Rogers, John WM; Plett, Calvin, Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design, Artech House, 2010 .

Paper products
Printing
Publishing
Publications by format
TSX-Plus. TSX-Plus is a multi-user operating system for the PDP-11/LSI-11 series of computers. It was developed by S&H Computer Systems, Inc. and is based on DEC's RT-11 single-user real-time operating system (TSX-Plus installs on top of RT-11).

Overview
The system is highly configurable and tunable.

Due to the constraints of the memory management system in the PDP-11/LSI-11, the entire operating system core must occupy no more than 40 kibibytes of memory, out of a maximum possible 4 mebibytes of physical memory that can actually be installed in those machines (mandated by the 22-bit address space). The strength of TSX-Plus is to simultaneously provide to multiple users the services of DEC's single-user RT-11. Depending on which PDP-11 model and the amount of memory, the system could support a minimum of 12 users (14-18 users on a 2Mb 11/73, depending on workload). A productivity feature called "virtual lines" "allows a single user to control several tasks from a single terminal."

The software included a WP package named Lex-11 and a spreadsheet from Saturn Software. The machine slowed considerably if more than 8 students wanted to use the word-processing package at the same time. There was also a decision-table language called "D" from the NCC in Manchester which worked very well on TSX Plus.

History
Released in 1980, TSX-Plus was the successor to TSX, released in 1976. The system was popular in the 1980s. The last version of TSX-Plus had TCP/IP support.

S&H wrote the original TSX because "Spending $25K on a computer that could only support one user bugged" (founder Harry Sanders); the outcome was the initial four-user TSX in 1976.

Bootstrapping

TSX-Plus required bootstrapping RT-11 first before running TSX-Plus as a user program. Once TSX-Plus was running, it would take over complete control of the machine from RT-11. It provided true memory protection for users from other users, provided user accounts and maintained account separation on disk volumes and implemented a superset of the RT-11 EMT programmed requests. RT-11 programs generally ran, unmodified, under TSX-Plus and, in fact, most of the RT-11 utilities were used as-is under TSX-Plus. Device drivers generally required only slight modifications.

See also
 TSX-32

References

External links
S&H Homepage

Proprietary operating systems
PDP-11
DYNIX. DYNIX (DYNamic UnIX) was a Unix-like operating system developed by Sequent Computer Systems, based on 4.2BSD and modified to run on Intel-based symmetric multiprocessor hardware. The third major (Dynix 3.0) version was released May, 1987; by 1992 DYNIX was succeeded by DYNIX/ptx, which was based on UNIX System V.

IBM obtained rights to DYNIX/ptx in 1999, when it acquired Sequent for $810 million.

IBM's subsequent Project Monterey was an attempt, circa 1999,  "to unify AIX with Sequent's Dynix/ptx operating system and UnixWare." By 2001, however, "the explosion in popularity of Linux  ... prompted IBM to quietly ditch" this.

References

Berkeley Software Distribution
Discontinued operating systems
X86 operating systems
FAP. FAP may refer to:

Technology and industry  
 FORTRAN Assembly Program, the macro assembler for some IBM mainframe computers
 Fair Access Policy, a term for a bandwidth cap, limiting Internet usage
 Femtocell  (Femto Access Point), a small cellular telephone base station
 Fabrika automobila Priboj, a motor vehicle manufacturer based in Priboj, Serbia
 Film Academy of the Philippines, the Philippines' official counterpart of the United States' Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
 Face Animation Parameter, part of the MPEG-4 face animation standard developed by the Moving Picture Experts Group

Science and medicine 
 Functional analytic psychotherapy, clinical psychotherapy that uses a "radical behaviorist" position
 Familial adenomatous polyposis, a condition where polyps form in the large intestine
 Familial amyloid polyneuropathy, a neurodegenerative, genetically transmitted disease
 Fixed action pattern, an instinctive animal behavioral sequence
 Filamentous anoxygenic phototroph, a descriptive term for the Chloroflexia class of photosynthetic bacteria
 FAP (gene), a human gene, encoding for the fibroblast activation protein
 Fas-associated phosphatase, a molecule that inhibits the effect of Fas ligand to make cells initiate apoptosis
 Final Anthropic Principle, a generalization of the Anthropic Principle, proposed by physicists Frank J. Tipler and John D. Barrow

Politics, government, and armed forces 
 Broad Progressive Front (Argentina) (Spanish: Frente Amplio Progresista), an Argentine political party
 Federal-aid primary highway system, part of the United States federal-aid highway program
 Federal Art Project, the visual arts arm of the US Great Depression-era Federal One program
 Francis Allen-Palenske (born 1976/1977), American politician from Las Vegas, Nevada
 Family Assistance Plan, a failed US welfare program 
 FREE Australia Party, an Australian political party
 Free German Workers' Party (German: Freiheitliche Arbeiter Partei), a defunct German political party
 Paraguayan Air Force (Spanish: Fuerza Aérea Paraguaya)
 People's Armed Forces (French: Forces Armées Populaires), a Chadian insurgent group
 Peronist Armed Forces, (Spanish: Fuerzas Armadas Peronistas), an Argentine guerrilla group operating in the 1960s and 1970s
 Peruvian Air Force (Spanish: Fuerza Aérea del Peru)
 Portuguese Air Force (Portuguese: Força Aérea Portuguesa)

Other 
 Fap, a slang term for masturbation
 Feminist Art Program, an art program for women only
 FAP Basketball, a Cameroonian basketball team
InkML. InkML is an XML-based markup language to describe "ink" data input with an electronic pen or stylus.  The recommended specification was published by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in September 2011.

It is part of the W3C Multimodal Interaction Activity initiative.

Software 

InkML Toolkit (InkMLTk) is targeted at providing a suite of tools for working with InkML documents. 
The toolkit includes the following libraries and tools,
 InkML processor libraries implementing the W3C InkML specification
 Converters library and tools (to and from other ink and image formats)
 InkML viewers as browser plug-ins, and
 InkML applications such as a graphical editor.

This project is released on SourceForge as an open source contribution from HP Labs, India.

See also
Ink Serialized Format
Tablet computer

External links
W3C InkML Home
InkML Specification
InkML Toolkit - open source contribution from HP Labs, India

World Wide Web Consortium standards
Open formats
HP software
Denali (operating system). The Denali operating system is "an IA-32 virtual machine monitor, that allows for untrusted services to be run in isolated (protected) domains."

Denali makes use of paravirtualization to support high performance virtual machines, even on the notoriously uncooperative x86 architecture (see x86 virtualization).  The envisioned usage model for the original Denali was to support virtual machines running lightweight single application operating systems for internet services.  A later revision of Denali () includes support for running full-featured operating systems.

References

 "Lightweight virtual machines for distributed and networked systems". Developer's page. University of Washington.
 "Scale and performance in the Denali isolation kernel". Association for Computing Machinery.

External links 
 Denali, Lightweight virtual machines for distributed and networked systems 

Virtualization software