omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Film (disambiguation). A film (also called a motion picture or movie) is a recorded sequence of images displayed on a screen at a rate sufficiently fast to create the appearance of motion

Film(s) may also refer to:

Materials

 Film stock, the medium used for motion picture photography
 Photographic film, medium used to capture pictures with a camera, also X-ray film for radiography
 Microfilm, a kind of microform for archive storage
 Biological membrane, a thin layer in living organisms
 Biofilm, a group of microorganisms in which cells stick to each other on a surface
 Thin film, a layer of material ranging from fractions of a nanometer to several micrometers
 Thick-film technology for electronic components, besides thin-film
 Coating, a thin chemical covering
 Plastic film, thin plastic used in packaging and other industries
 Window film, thin plastic coating for filtering and other uses
 Paint protection film, protective coating
 Soap film, a thin layer of liquid surrounded by air

Arts
 The Film, a Bollywood film by Junaid Memon
 Film (film), a 1965 film written by Samuel Beckett
 "Film", a Series F episode of the television series QI (2009)
 Film (band), a Croatian and Yugoslav rock band
 The Film (video), a video album by Yoasobi
 "film", a song by P-Model from the album Potpourri
 The Films, an American rock band
 "Films", a song by Gary Numan from the album The Pleasure Principle

Film review
 Film (Iranian magazine), a film review magazine
 Film (Polish magazine), a film review magazine
 /Film (pronounced "slashfilm"), a film news and review blog
 Film... (TV programme), a BBC film review show that is renamed annually

Business
 Film industry

Verb
 to film: to coat a surface
 to film: to record a motion picture
Assembler. Assembler may refer to:

Arts and media
 Nobukazu Takemura, avant-garde electronic musician, stage name Assembler
 Assemblers, a fictional race in the Star Wars universe
 Assemblers, an alternative name of the superhero group Champions of Angor

Biology 
Assembler (bioinformatics), a program to perform genome assembly
Assembler (nanotechnology), a conjectured construction machine that would manipulate and build with individual atoms or molecules

Computing 
Assembler (computing), a computer program which translates assembly language to machine language
Assembly language, a more readable interpretation of a processor's machine code, allowing easier understanding and programming by humans, sometimes erroneously referenced as 'assembler' after the program which translates it

Other uses
 a worker on an assembly line

See also
 Assemble (disambiguation)
 Assembly (disambiguation)
 Constructor (disambiguation)
Door (bulletin board system). In a bulletin board system (BBS), a door is an interface between the BBS software and an external application. The term is also used to refer to the external application, a computer program that runs outside of the main bulletin board program. Sometimes called external programs, doors are the most common way to add games, utilities, and other extensions to BBSes. Because BBSes typically depended on the telephone system, BBSes and door programs tended to be local in nature, unlike modern Internet games and applications.

From the 1990s on, most BBS software had the capability to "drop to" doors. Several standards were developed for passing connection and user information to doors; this was usually done with "dropfiles", small binary or text files dropped into known locations in the BBS's file system. Most doors were responsible for operating the serial port or other communications device directly until returning control to the BBS.  Later development of FOSSIL drivers have allowed both BBSes and their doors to communicate without being responsible for direct operation of the communications hardware.

Door games 

A major use of doors is for door games: computer games played on the BBS.  These games included strategy games such as TradeWars 2002, Food Fight!, Solar Realms Elite, Space Dynasty, Usurper, and Barren Realms Elite.  There were also role-playing games (RPG), often derived from earlier email-based games—examples include Seth Robinson's Legend of the Red Dragon, popular dystopian RPG: Operation: Overkill, and Mutants!. BBSes often published high scores, encouraging players to beat others.

InterBBS leagues allowed users of different BBSes to compete against each other in the same game. A modern version of this known as BBSlink exists allowing sysops to offer door games on their BBS which are hosted on a remote server, thereby increasing the user base of the game.

Other applications 

While many of the most popular and memorable BBS doors have been games, numerous doors had non-entertainment applications such as user polls or the time bank, permitting users to time-shift their rationed BBS use.  Frequently they act as a front-end to themed databases on subject such as astrology, numerology and fortune-telling, recipes, weather prediction, personal ads (sometimes with additional match-making functionality), classified ads and "for sale" listings (sometimes permitting auctions), BBS lists, and parting comments from the most recent BBS callers.

References

External links 

 Break Into Chat - BBS door game wiki
 BBS Archives - Collection of BBS doors and related files
 Dropfile Formats

Bulletin board systems
Bücker Flugzeugbau. Bücker-Flugzeugbau GmbH was a German aircraft manufacturer founded in 1932. It was most notable for Its highly regarded sports planes which went on to be used as trainers by the Luftwaffe during World War II.

History
The company was founded by , who had served as an officer in the Imperial German Navy during World War I and then spent some years in Sweden establishing the Svenska Aero factory.  With the sale of this business at the end of 1932, Bücker returned to his native Germany where he opened his new factory in Johannisthal, Berlin in 1934, but moved to a new built bigger factory in Rangsdorf in 1935.

Bücker's three great successes were the Bücker Bü 131 Jungmann (1934), the Bü 133 Jungmeister (1936) and the Bü 181 Bestmann (1939). As well as these, the company built designs from several other manufacturers under licence, including the Focke-Wulf Fw 44, the DFS 230, and components for the Focke-Wulf Fw 190, Junkers Ju 87, and Henschel Hs 293.

During the war, forced labour was used at the Bücker works. Up to 500 prisoners from the Soviet Union lived in a nearby prison camp under bad conditions; there were also forced labourers from France, Italy, and other countries.

At the end of World War II, the company’s premises fell into the Soviet occupation zone, and were seized. The company was then broken up. The Soviet army used the premises for aviation maintenance until their withdrawal from Germany in the 1990s.

The Bü 181 continued to be built in Czechoslovakia and Egypt after the war.

List of aircraft
Bücker Bü 131 Jungmann (Young Man) (1934) single-engine two-seat trainer, biplane
Bücker Bü 133 Jungmeister (Young Champion) (1935) single-engine one-seat advanced trainer/aerobatic, biplane
Bücker Bü 134 monoplane (prototype)
Bücker Bü 180 Student (1937) single-engine two-seat trainer, low-wing monoplane
Bücker Bü 181 Bestmann (Bestman) (1939) single-engine two-seat trainer/utility, low-wing monoplane
Bücker Bü 182 Kornett

See also
List of aircraft manufacturers
List of RLM aircraft designations
Volksflugzeug

References

Notes

Bibliography

 Rieger, Klaus-Jochen and Rieger, Christoph. Faszination Bücker Flugzeuge (Fascination Bücker Aircraft) (bilingual German/English). Germany: MeinFachverlag, 2014. .
 König, Erwin. Die Bücker-Flugzeuge (The Bücker Aircraft) (bilingual German/English). Martinsried, Germany: Nara Verlag, 1987. .
 König, Erwin. Die Bückers, Die Geschichte der ehemaligen Bücker-Flugzeugbau-GmbH und ihrer Flugzeuge (in German). (1979)
 Wietstruk, Siegfried. Bücker-Flugzeugbau, Die Geschichte eines Flugzeugwerkes (in German). D-82041 Oberhaching, Germany: Aviatik Verlag, 1999. .

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of Germany
Defunct aircraft engine manufacturers of Germany
Companies based in Brandenburg
Companies of Prussia
 
Nazi forced labour
Dornier Do 11. The Dornier Do 11 was a German heavy bomber, developed in secret in the early 1930s. It was originally called the Dornier F before being renamed by the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (RLM) in 1933, and was considered a heavy bomber at the time. It came into service in 1932, a continuation of a line of bomber designs from the Dornier Do P in 1930, and the Dornier Do Y in 1931. The line would continue to develop with the Dornier Do 13 and Dornier Do 23.

Design and development
One of the main features the Do 11 tested was a retractable undercarriage, but, due to problems with the gear, it was often left locked down. The aircraft entered service under the guise of a freight transport, and was used with the German railway in conjunction with Deutsche Luft Hansa, so that it could be shown publicly. What it was actually used for was as a trainer for the still secret Luftwaffe. 

The aircraft had a number of problems, which resulted in some crashes, and was generally unpopular with pilots. Especially problematic were wing vibrations which resulted in various precautions and modifications. Attempts were made to correct its faults, resulting in the so-called Do 11D, the last model with the Do 11 name. The Do 13 was a "simplified" Do 11 and came next, but had so many problems of its own that it did not fully enter service, with several of the first planes off the assembly line crashing. The later Do 23 corrected many faults of the design, but was still a lackluster aircraft, and was withdrawn from service by 1936, and replaced by superior aircraft that had since been developed. 

The Do 11 is noteworthy as having served in secret and having been the main heavy bomber of the quietly developing Luftwaffe, if only for a short while. It was also the first to have two large engines as opposed to its predecessors the Y and P, which used three and four engines respectively.

Variants
Data from:'
Do F
Prototype of the Do 11 before redesignation by the RLM.
Do 11C
First production version powered by two Siemens-Halske Sh.22B-2 radial engines.
Do 11D
Second production version with a shorter-span wing, primarily introduced to alleviate extreme vibration of the Do 11C wings.

Operators

Bulgarian Air Force

Luftwaffe

Specifications (Do 11D)

See also

Notes

References

Do 011
1930s German bomber aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1932
Twin piston-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft with retractable conventional landing gear
1662 in science. The year 1662 in science and technology involved some significant events.

Botany
 February 16 – John Evelyn presents the basic text of his Sylva, or A Discourse of Forest-Trees and the Propagation of Timber to the College for the Promoting of Physico-Mathematical Experimental Learning, probably the earliest treatise on forestry (it is published in book form in 1664).

Chemistry
 First attempt to manufacture graphite drawing sticks from powdered graphite (mixed with sulphur and antimony), in Nuremberg, Germany.

Physics
 Robert Boyle publishes Boyle's law, in the second edition of his New Experiments Physico-Mechanicall, Touching The Spring of the Air, and its Effects (Oxford).

Statistics
 John Graunt, in one of the earliest uses of statistics, publishes information about births and deaths in London.

Events
 July 15 – The Royal Society of London receives its royal charter. Robert Hooke becomes its Curator of Experiments this year.

Births
 December 13 – Francesco Bianchini, Italian astronomer (died 1729)

Deaths
 April 22 – John Tradescant the Younger, English botanist (born 1608)
 August 19 – Blaise Pascal, French mathematician and physicist (born 1623)

References 

 
17th century in science
1660s in science
A10. A10, A.10 or A-10 most often refers to:
 Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II, a U.S. close ground support attack aircraft 
 Atlantic 10 Conference

A10, A.10 or A-10 may also refer to:

Transport 

 List of A10 roads
 A10 class (disambiguation), rail locomotives
 Arrows A10, a 1987 British racing car
 Ascari A10, a British car
 Bundesautobahn 10, also called Berliner Ring
 Route A10, a London bus route

Aviation 

 Aero A.10, a Czech biplane airliner
 AmeriPlanes Mitchell Wing A-10, an ultralight aircraft
 Antares A-10 Solo, a Ukrainian ultralight trike design
 Breda A.10, a 1928 Italian single-seat fighter-trainer prototype
 Curtiss YA-10 Shrike, a 1932 American attack prototype
 Fiat A.10, a World War I Italian aero engine

Military 

 10th Artillery Regiment (Sweden), in the list of Swedish artillery regiments
 Aggregate 10, a German World War II rocket in the Aggregate rocket family
 Cruiser Mk II, also known by its General Staff designation "A10", a British cruiser tank of World War II
 , a British A-class submarine

Science and technology 

 British NVC community A10 (Polygonum amphibium community), a British Isles plant community
 HLA-A10, a broad antigen serogroup of the Human MHC HLA-A
 Homeobox A10, a human gene
 Subfamily A10, a Rhodopsin-like receptors subfamily

Hardware and software 

 A10 chipset, mainly used in Android tablet computers
 AMD A10, an accelerated processing unit from AMD
 Apple A10, a 64-bit system on a chip
 A10 Networks, U.S. computer network company
 Samsung Galaxy A10, smartphone released in 2019
 Sony NW-A10, a Walkman digital audio player released in 2014

Sports and games 

 A-10 Attack!, a combat flight simulator for the Apple Macintosh computer
 A-10 Cuba!, a flight simulator computer game
 A-10 Tank Killer, a flight simulation computer game for Amiga and DOS platforms
 A10 World Series, a proposed new global motorsport series
 English Opening, Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings code
 A10Games, a game website

Other uses 

 A10 – new European architecture, an architecture magazine
 A10, an ISO 216 paper size
 A10, the 10 acceding countries of the 2004 enlargement of the European Union
 A10, the Metropolitan Police Service anti-corruption branch
A11. A11, A 11 or A-11 may refer to:

Military
 Aero A.11, a Czechoslovakian bomber produced before World War II
 Consolidated A-11, an attack version of the Consolidated P-30 fighter plane of the 1930s
 HMS A11, an A-class submarine of the Royal Navy
 Matilda Mk I, a British Army infantry tank
 Aggregate 11, a proposed military rocket of Nazi Germany
 A-11 Ghibli, the Italian designation for the AMX International AMX

Other uses
 A11 road, in several countries
 Apollo 11
 A-11 offense, an American Football shotgun formation involving 2 quarterbacks and 9 other potentially eligible receivers
 Arrows A11, a 1989 British racing car
 ATC code A11 Vitamins, a subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System
 British NVC community A11 (Potamogeton pectinatus - Myriophyllum spicatum community), a British Isles plant community
 Chery A11, a 1999 Chinese car
 HLA-A11, an HLA-A serotype
 American Airlines Flight 11, a plane that was hijacked and crashed into the World Trade Center in the September 11 attacks
 English Opening, Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings code
 Apple A11, an ARM SoC mobile processor designed by Apple
 "A-11", a 1963 country song written by Hank Cochran

See also
 11A (disambiguation)
A22. A22 or A-22 is a three-character acronym that may refer to:

Vehicles 
A 22 (keelboat), a sailing yacht
A-22 Maryland, an American light bomber of World War II manufactured by Glenn L. Martin Company 
Aero A.22, a Czech civil utility aircraft built during the 1920s
Aeroprakt A-22, a Ukrainian ultralight aircraft
Arrows A22, a Formula One car
Fiat A.22, a piston aero-engine used on the 1925 Italian aircraft Ansaldo A.120
IVL A.22 Hansa, a 1922 Finnish license copy of the German two-seat, low winged single-engined seaplane Hansa-Brandenburg W.33
MAN A22, internal code for the NLxx3F low-floor single-deck bus chassis built by MAN

Biomedicine 
British NVC community A22 (Littorella uniflora - Lobelia dortmanna community), a plant community
 ICD-10 code for Anthrax
 Chemical compound A22 (S-[3,4-dichlorobenzyl] isothiourea hydrochloride) with antibiotic activity

Others  
A22 Sports Management, company aiming to create a European Super League in association football 
List of A22 roads
English Opening, Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings code
1638 in science. The year 1638 in science and technology involved some significant events.

Astronomy
 December 21 – Total eclipse of the Moon falls on the same day as the winter solstice, for the first time in the Common Era.

Geology
  (Italy).
 . The epicentre was in Crotone.

Physics
 The final book of the now-blind Galileo, Discorsi e dimostrazioni matematiche, intorno à due nuove scienze is published in Leiden, dealing with the strength of materials and the motion of objects. In it, he discusses the square–cube law, the law of falling bodies and infinity. He also discusses his experimental method for measuring the speed of light; he has been unable to determine it over a short distance.

Publications
 Publication of The Man in the Moone, or the Discovrse of a Voyage thither "by Domingo Gonsales" (actually by Francis Godwin, Bishop of Hereford (died 1633)), an early example of science fiction.

Births
 January 1 (NS January 11) – Nicolas Steno, Danish pioneer of geology (died 1686)
 March 28 – Frederik Ruysch, Dutch physician and anatomist (died 1731)
 April 19 - Niccolao Manucci, Italian physician, writer and traveller (died 1717)
 May 11 – Guy-Crescent Fagon, French physician and botanist (died 1718)
 June 8 – Pierre Magnol, French botanist (died 1715)
 June 29 - Heinrich Meibom, German physician and scholar (died 1700)
 July 22 - Theodor Kerckring, Dutch anatomist and chemical physician (died 1693)
 November 21 - Luca Tozzi, Italian physician (died 1717)
 November – James Gregory, Scottish mathematician and astronomer (died 1675)
 Paolo Falconieri, Florentine polymath (died 1704)

Deaths
 February 26 – Claude Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac, French mathematician (born 1581)
 April 15/16 – John Tradescant the elder, English botanist (born c. 1570s)
 October 21 – Willem Blaeu, Dutch cartographer (born 1571)
 October 29 – Adrian von Mynsicht, German alchemist (born 1603)
 December 7 - Epifanio Ferdinando, Italian physician and philosoph (born 1569)

References

 
17th century in science
1630s in science
Datagram Delivery Protocol. Datagram Delivery Protocol (DDP) is a member of the AppleTalk networking protocol suite.  Its main responsibility is for socket-to-socket delivery of datagrams over an AppleTalk network.

Note: All application-level protocols, including the infrastructure protocols NBP, RTMP and ZIP were built on top of DDP.

External links
  - AppleTalk Management Information Base II
DDP Variable Specifications

Network layer protocols
DMC. DMC may refer to:

Computer science

 Data Matrix Code, laser etched square code, often used for marking products in the production area
 Diffusion Monte Carlo method
 Digital Media Controller, a category within the DLNA standard (for sharing digital media among multimedia devices) tasked with finding content on digital media servers
 Discrete memoryless channel
 Dynamic Markov Compression algorithm
 Dynamic Mesh Communication, a mesh-based intercom system developed for motorcycle communication

Science and technology
 Data monitoring committee for clinical trials
 Dimethyl carbonate, a chemical compound
 Dissimilar metal corrosion, an electrochemical process
 Double monocable, a type of ropeway technology

Media and entertainment
 Digital mixing console, used in audio mixing
 DMC (rapper) (Darryl McDaniels, born 1964), a member of hip hop group Run–DMC
 DMC World DJ Championships, an international turntablism competition
 Devil May Cry, a Japanese video game series
 Devil May Cry (video game), the first game in the series
 DmC: Devil May Cry, a reboot of the series
 Detroit Metal City, a manga franchise
 Dhammakaya Media Channel, a Thai television channel
 Deathmatch Classic, a Half-Life mod
 Drummond Money-Coutts, an English magician
 "DMC", a song by Romy from Mid Air (Romy album)

Vehicles
 DeLorean Motor Company, former American automobile manufacturer (1975-1982)
 DeLorean Motor Company (Texas), company founded in 1995 supplying parts and services to owners of DeLoreans
 Daelim Motor Company, a South Korean motorcycle, motorscooter and ATV manufacturer

Organizations
 Damak Multiple Campus, Jhapa, Nepal
 Dhaka Medical College, Bangladesh
 Diablos Motorcycle Club, an American outlaw motorcycle club
 Divisional Model College in Pakistan
 Deseret Management Corporation, LDS Church company
 Destination management company, organizing events
 Detroit Medical Center, Michigan, US
 Dipolog Medical Centre Foundation College, Inc, Dipolog City, Philippines
 DMC (company) (Dollfus-Mieg et Compagnie) a textile company in Mulhouse, France

Other uses
 Detailed marks certificate, a detailed report of academic performance
 Digital Media City, Seoul, South Korea
 Disaster Monitoring Constellation of imaging satellites
 DMC International Imaging, operator of satellites
 Domestic material consumption, measurement of material used
 Dubai Maritime City
Dornier Do 12. The Dornier Do 12 Libelle III ("Dragonfly III") was the third of a line of small German flying boats of the 1930s. It started with the Dornier A Libelle I and the Dornier A Libelle II, though the Do 12 was not a continuation, but an entirely new aircraft.

The aircraft was amphibious and would carry three to four passengers. It was powered by a single Argus As 10 engine initially, then a Gnome-Rhône 5Ke Titan engine, mounted above the wing. It first flew in 1932 and went on to be used by the DFS to tow gliders.

Design
The Do 12 was a high-wing monoplane, of usual Dornier all-metal construction, with a two-spar, trapezoidal wing, whose trailing edge was very strongly rounded at the root. The fuselage was of rectangular cross-section.

A storage area was in the nose, where equipment, including anchors, could be kept. Behind it, the open cockpit had two side-by-side seats, with optional dual controls. In the cabin, there were two more seats and a storage area, which could also be fitted with bunks for sleeping. Between the cockpit and cabin were nacelles which accommodated the retracted undercarriage wheels, a first for Dornier, which were lowered or raised manually by a crank. The engine sat on a stand high above the wing, alongside two fuel tanks, in pusher configuration.

From the first flight on 23 June 1932, and in the further course of testing, it was obvious that the Argus engine was underpowered, making takeoff distances substantially too long. However, financial difficulties in the company meant that fitting the stronger Gnome-Rhône Titan 5Ke took some time.

Father Paul Schulte, a missionary known as the "Flying Priest", used the Do 12 "D-INEZ" for many years and in his various books it plays an important role.

Variants
Do 12
powered by a Gnome-Rhône Titan 5Ke five-cylinder radial engine
Do 12A
powered by an Argus As 10 inverted V-8 engine

Specifications (Do 12)

See also

Notes

External links

 

1930s German civil utility aircraft
Flying boats
Do 012
Amphibious aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1932