omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
PZL.45 Sokół. The PZL.45 Sokół (falcon) was a Polish prototype fighter designed by PZL from 1936–1939. Work commenced on the aircraft in the late 1936 based on earlier light fighters.

Design and development
The aircraft had a fixed undercarriage and the aircraft was powered by a Gnome-Rhône 14M05 Mars, a 14-cylinder radial engine with a maximum of , with a fuel tank holding . Work on the aircraft was temporarily stopped but later resumed in 1938. The design was finished in 1938, and the first model was made in February 1939 with technical documentation completed in June of that year. A second prototype was designed to have retractable landing gear. It was a single-seat all-metal fighter aircraft and had a closed cockpit. The aircraft was also designed to be equipped with 4 machine guns (2 wing-mounted and 2 in the hull), though the prototype was not armed.

Specifications

References

1930s Polish fighter aircraft
PZL aircraft
Polish Air Force
Ibrahim Sultan Polytechnic. Ibrahim Sultan Polytechnic (PIS; ) is a polytechnic in Pasir Gudang, Johor, Malaysia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.politeknik.edu.my/portalbpp/index.asp?pg=poli|title=Portal Rasmi Bahagian Pengambilan Pelajar Politeknik 

The polytechnic specialises in engineering, communication design and hospitality, and offers 2-year skills certificate, 2-year diploma and 3-year degree programmes. PIS is organised into six departments: Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Visual Design & Communication, Tourism & Hospitality, Science & Computer Science, and General Studies.

History
PIS started as the Johor Bahru Polytechnic in February 1998 at the site of the former Johor Bahru Technical Secondary School. Planning for the polytechnic began during the 7th Malaysian Plan, in collaboration with the World Bank. 

In July 1998, PIS moved into its current 100 acres campus in Plentong, Johor Bahru, which was completed at a cost of RM155.52 million.

In December 2011, Johor Bahru Polytechnic was renamed Ibrahim Sultan Polytechnic, in honour of the Sultan of Johor.

Between 2010 and 2015, PIS was upgraded twice by the Ministry of Higher Education, first into a Premier Polytechnic in 2010 and then a Premier Polytechnic (University Status) in 2015. As a Premier Polytechnic with University Status, PIS has greater autonomy than conventional polytechnics to determine its pedagogy and syllabus.

Academic

Centre of Excellence

Poly Agro
Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan (PIS) has developed plantation chilli fertigation with its own brand of Poly Agro in Kulai.

Ratings

MQA PolyRate 2013
Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan was evaluated and given a rating in PolyRate 2013 and classified as Tier 6 which is Outstanding polytechnics in Malaysia.

This makes Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan as one of the best three of the 32 polytechnics in Malaysia until now.

Achievement

Social Responsibility
Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan social obligation to offer courses to people with disabilities (or in Malaysia formerly known as Orang Kelainan Upaya and OKU in acronym) to give them the opportunity to receive training appropriate to their ability. This supported a conducive learning environment complete with high-tech workshops, computer labs, resource centre and wireless internet access make the climate more transformative learning, creative and innovative. In addition, the lecturers become an important asset in the form of students who are knowledgeable, skilled and competitive.

References

External links

 Official Portal of Politeknik Ibrahim Sultan

Pasir Gudang
Universities and colleges in Johor
Engineering universities and colleges in Malaysia
Art schools in Malaysia
Educational institutions established in 1998
1998 establishments in Malaysia
Polytechnics in Malaysia
Technical universities and colleges in Malaysia
John E. Savage. John Edmund Savage is an American computer scientist and An Wang Professor Emeritus of Computer Science at Brown University. At his retirement in 2019, Savage was one of the longest-serving faculty members in Brown's history.

Savage earned his Ph.D. in electrical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1965, under the supervision of Irwin M. Jacobs. After leaving MIT, he worked briefly for Bell Laboratories before joining the Brown faculty in 1967. He is the author of the book Models of Computation: Exploring the Power of Computing (Addison-Wesley, 1998). In 1979 he and Andries Van Dam co-founded Brown's Computer Science program. Savage served as the department's second chair from 1985 to 1991.

Savage was named an ACM Fellow for "fundamental contributions to theoretical computer science, information theory, and VLSI design, analysis and synthesis". He is a life fellow of the IEEE, and a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.
He was appointed as An Wang professor in 2011.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American computer scientists
MIT School of Engineering alumni
Brown University faculty
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
1996 fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
Fellows of the IEEE
Falaj 2-class patrol vessel. The Falaj 2 class are patrol boats of the United Arab Emirates Navy classified as stealth inshore patrol vessels (IPVs).

Description
The Falaj 2 class is based on the Italian , in use with the Italian Coast Guard. The Diciotti class is based itself on the earlier experimental Saettia class, a missile attack boat demonstrator designed and built by Fincantieri. The specifications require a highly flexible and versatile vessel to carry out a wide range of missions, from patrol and surveillance operations over attacks against both targets at sea and on land in national and international scenarios up to self-defence against threats from the air or surface. A special feature of the vessels is their particular stealth geometry to ensure their reduced radar detect ability.

History
The contract for Falaj 2-class vessels was signed 2009, according to other sources 2010. It included the option for two more vessels to be built by Etihad Ship Building, a newly established joint venture based in Abu Dhabi between Fincantieri of Italy and the local firms Melara Middle East and Al Fattan Ship Industry. The technology transfer is part of the order.

In May 2021 it was announced that Abu Dhabi Ship Building (ADSB) was assigned with the building of four Falaj-3 offshore patrol vessels for the UAE navy, highly flexible and versatile OPV planned to perform a wide range of missions.

Ships

Variants
At the beginning of June 2020, there were media reports in context of the sale of the two Bergamini-class FREMM frigates Spartaco Schergat and Emilio Bianchi to Egypt, according to which Egypt is also to receive 20 patrol boats modelled on the Falaj-2 class as part of a large package.

References

External links 
 FALAJ 2 class Stealth Patrol Vessel - UAE Navy (navy recognition)
 Fincantieri launches ASW corvette (English)
 Musherib-class offshore patrol vessel

Ships built by Fincantieri
Sieverts' law. Sieverts' law, in physical metallurgy and in chemistry, is a rule to predict the solubility of gases in metals. It is named after German chemist Adolf Sieverts (1874–1947).  The law states that the solubility of a diatomic gas in metal is proportional to the square root of the partial pressure of the gas in thermodynamic equilibrium.  Hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen are examples of dissolved diatomic gases of frequent interest in metallurgy.

Justification 
Sieverts' law can be readily rationalized by considering the reaction of dissolution of the gas in the metal, which involves dissociation of the molecule of the gas.  For example, for nitrogen:

 N2 (molecular gas)  2 N (dissolved atoms)

For the above reaction, the equilibrium constant is

where:
 cat is the concentration of the dissolved atoms into the metal (in the case above, atomic nitrogen N),
 pmol is the partial pressure of the gas at the interface with the metal (in the case above, the molecular nitrogen N2).

Therefore,

See also 
 Henry's law
 Graham's law

References 

Metallurgy
Materials science
Fujitsu FR. The Fujitsu FR (Fujitsu RISC) is a 32-bit RISC processor family. New variants include a floating point unit and partly video input analog-to-digital converter and digital signal processor. It is supported by Softune, GNU Compiler Collection and other integrated development environments.

Applications
Fujitsu FR are used to control previous versions of Milbeaut signal processors specialized for image processing. Although variants of the 6th generation in 2011 and later generations changed to dual-core ARM architecture, ASSP/ASIC variants with FR controller are continued.
They are also used as processor cores inside versions 1 to 3 of the Nikon Expeed image processors (versions 3A and 4 have moved to ARM CPUs).

See also
 SPARClite
 FR-V (microprocessor)

References

External links 
 Embedded 32 Bit RISC Solutions from Fujitsu
 32 Bit Family Fujitsu
 
 Green Hills Software Announces Software Development Solution for Fujitsu FR Family

Fujitsu microprocessors
Microcontrollers
Donald Reeve. Donald Arthur David Reeve CBE (1923–1994) was a British civil engineer.

Reeve was born in 1923 in Long Buckby, Northamptonshire. He became Deputy Chairman and Chief Executive of the Severn Trent Water Authority by 1985 when he was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the Queen's Birthday Honours. Reeve was elected president of the Institution of Civil Engineers for the November 1985 to November 1986 session. On 22 May 1986, he officially named a British Rail Class 47 locomotive (no. 47366) as The Institution of Civil Engineers at Liverpool Lime Street railway station. Locomotive 47366 was scrapped in 1999 but the name had been officially transferred to locomotive number 47969, another British Rail Class 47, on 2 September 1991. This unit (renumbered 47540) was withdrawn from service in 2003 and is currently located at the Wensleydale Railway, a heritage railway line. Reeve himself died in 1994 in the West Midlands.

References

Bibliography 

1923 births
1994 deaths
British civil engineers
Presidents of the Institution of Civil Engineers
People from Long Buckby
Refuge Engineer Wiltgen. Refuge Engineer Wiltgen () was a Brazilian Antarctic summer installation named after Engineer João Aristides Wiltgen, founder of the Brazilian Institute for Antarctic Studies. Established on 3 February 1985, the structure was located on Elephant Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, and depended both logistically and administratively on Comandante Ferraz station. It was dismantled during the summer 1997/98.

See also
Research stations in Antarctica

References

Brazilian Antarctica
Outposts of the South Shetland Islands
Buildings and structures completed in 1985
Buildings and structures demolished in 1997
Outposts of Antarctica
1985 establishments in Antarctica
1997 disestablishments in Antarctica
CANSA FC.12. The CANSA FC.12 was a single engine monoplane ground attack aircraft developed in Italy around 1940. A crew of two were seated in tandem.  Only ten production aircraft were built.

Design and development
The CANSA FC.12 was originally designed as a fighter and dive bomber trainer but the few machines produced were configured for the operational ground attack role.

It was a cantilever low wing monoplane with wings of straight tapered plan and with rounded tips.  The undersides of the wings carried short span dive brakes outside of the full chord, narrow baths into which the main undercarriage retracted backwards, leaving the wheels partly exposed.  In addition there were mid span, mid chord spoilers.

The FC.12 was powered by a 450 kW (600 hp) FIAT A.30 R.A. liquid-cooled V-12 engine, fitted with a chin radiator. The two crew had tandem seats, the aft one behind the wing trailing edge, under a multi-framed canopy.  The horizontal tail was elliptical in plan and mounted on top of the fuselage.  Fin and rudder were similarly shaped, with the rudder ending at the upper fuselage.  All the rear control surfaces were horn balanced and the elevators carried tabs.  There was a small, faired tailwheel on the extreme fuselage.

Four fixed, forward firing 12.7 mm (0.50 in) machine guns provided the main attack armament.  The rear cockpit was provided with a fifth, swivel-mounted gun.

Operational history
Ten ground attack production FC.12s were delivered, though they probably did not see combat.

Operators

Regia Aeronautica

Specifications

References

FC.12
1940s Italian attack aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1940
Aircraft with retractable conventional landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Lawson Airplane Company-Continental Faience and Tile Company. The Lawson Airplane Company-Continental Faience and Tile Company was a factory complex in South Milwaukee, Wisconsin. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001 and has since been demolished.

Lawson Airplane Company
The Lawson Airplane Company was founded by former Major League Baseball player Alfred Lawson. In 1919 and 1920, the company designed and built the first two US transports, the Lawson C.1 or T-1 and the Lawson C.2 or T-2 in an effort to establish a commercial airline after the war. The last airplane it attempted to build was the Lawson L-4, super airliner, a 56-seat, six engine large biplane. In the process Lawson introduced weather-proof cockpits, dual pilot control, passenger cabins with a center aisle and proposed the first nationwide commercial passenger service.

The oldest building in the factory complex was built in 1916 by the Pan-American Rubber Company - a 200 by 50 foot one-story building with walls of load-bearing brick. In 1919 the Lawson Airplane Company bought the property and in this building designed and built their prototype L-4, the "Midnight Liner," the second airplane designed to carry passengers. From this site Lawson attempted the first test flight of the L-4, which failed, hastening the end of the company in 1922.

Continental Faience And Tile Company 
In 1924 the property was purchased by the Continental Faience and Tile Company, which manufactured art tile and quarry tile. Faience is a glazed ceramic inspired by the pottery of Faenza, Italy. In 1927 the company added on the front section, which contained a showroom, a manager's office, and a vestibule - all decorated with the company's tiles. The company struggled during World War Two due to a worker shortage and finally folded in 1944.

Other Uses For The Factory Complex 
Midwest Potteries bought the factory and manufactured ceramic lamp bases and figurines until 1952, the complex was then used as a warehouse until it was torn down.

References

External links

Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Wisconsin
Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United States
Buildings and structures in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin
Demolished buildings and structures in Wisconsin
National Register of Historic Places in Milwaukee County, Wisconsin
Robot App Store. The Robot App Store is a digital application distribution platform for applications for robots opened to the public on late 2011. The service allows users to browse and download applications that were developed for robots, and published through the RobotAppStore.com website.

Depending on the developer, applications are available either for free or at a cost. The applications can be downloaded directly to a robot, (like Nao) or downloaded onto a personal computer (PC) or a smartphone. 70% of the sale price goes to the developer of the app.

History 
The Robot App Store opened on Aug. 28, 2011. for developers. In early 2012, the website was opened for consumers. 

The Robot App Store is available for developers and robot-owners from around the world.

The portal offers a centralized encyclopedia for robotics topics called Robopedia. A comprehensive knowledge-base for developers covering development lessons for popular robotics platforms such as Roomba, Parrot AR.Drone, Lego Mindstorms NXT and even robotics operating systems such as Robot Operating System (ROS).

Supported platforms 
The Robot App Store supports all commercially available robots, and all operating systems available for robots. A typical application will run autonomously on the robot’s processor and internal resources. However, applications can be executed on platforms such as a laptops, desktops and smartphones.

A list of supported robots, and supported application formats:

Developer program 
Individuals and companies can join the developer's program and submit their applications for approval and distribution. Once joined, identity verification is required to confirm the ownership of the account. Approved developers are getting access to pre-launched apps.

Robopedia 
On August 17, 2012, the company launched Robopedia, the first encyclopedia covering robotics topics. The resource was driven by customer service requests for more information about apps that people had downloaded for their home robot projects. RobotAppStore.com's founder, Elad Inbar, said that more than 70 percent of their calls from customers were for more information. The topics cover the present and future of robots, including their components and concepts. It enables beginners and seasoned developers to learn about robotics acronyms and terminology, and read step-by-step application-development for many robots, vacuum cleaners and humanoids alike.

Funding 
The company was funded by its founders since its inception. On December 10, 2012, the company announced its first external investment of $250,000 from Grishin Robotics, which was founded by Dmitry Grishin, the CEO and Chairman of Mail.ru Group. The company is the second company funded by Grishin Robotics following the investment into Double Robotics earlier in 2012.

References

External links 

Software distribution platforms
Craterre. CRAterre (International Centre on Earthen Architecture) is a research laboratory on earthen architecture founded in 1979. Based within the  in Grenoble, France, it has assembled a multidisciplinary team of researchers, professionals, lecturers and trainers to work on the dissemination of knowledge and know-how on raw earthen construction techniques in France and all over the world.

CRAterre has, since 1998, led the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Chair “Earthen architecture, construction cultures and sustainable development”. The main objective of the Chair is to accelerate, on a global level, the dissemination of scientific and technical know-how on earthen architecture (rammed earth, cob, Wattle and daub, Adobe, etc.) in two areas: Environment and World Heritage and Environment, human settlements/housing.

CRAterre's scientific director, Patrice Doat, is known for his using of ecology to renew paradigms of architecture and teaching methods. His work through CRAterre is awarded a Global Award for Sustainable Architecture in 2016.

Earthen Architecture Post-Master degree (DSA)
Since 1984, CRAterre has provided a Post-Master's degree on earthen architecture, the DSA Earthen Architecture, a two-year programme leading to a National Specialised Diploma, conferred by the French Ministry of Culture and Communication. The three main axes of this training are:
 Heritage and conservation
 Building material
 Human settlement

References

External links

ENSAG-National Superior School of Architecture in Grenoble (FRANCE)

Architecture organizations
Agricultural Industry Electronics Foundation. The Agricultural Industry Electronics Foundation (AEF) is an international partnership between implement manufacturers and tractor manufacturers within the agricultural industry.

The AEF was founded in 2008 by John Deere, CNH, Claas, AGCO, Kverneland Group, Grimme and Pöttinger. The goal of this partnership is to promote the electronic standardization and assure that ISOBUS-implements and tractors from different brands can be connected without any problems. In the AEF seven project groups are active to realise the standardization within the agricultural industry and to solve any problems together. Worldwide more than hundred companies active in the implement and tractor industry have joined the AEF.

External links 
 
 AEF ISOBUS Database
 http://www.clubofbologna.org/ew/documents/1.3_Van_der_Vlugt.pdf

References

International agricultural organizations
Agricultural technology
Chamundeshwari Electricity Supply Corporation. The Chamundeshwari Electricity Supply Corporation Limited (CESC Mysore) is a company that provides electricity to five districts in the Indian State of Karnataka. It was carved out of Mangalore Electricity Supply Company Limited in 2005 and has its headquarters in Mysore. It is an undertaking of the government of Karnataka.

History 
Electricity was distributed in the five districts of Chamarajanagar, Hassan, Kodagu, Mandya, Mysore by Karnataka Power Transmission Corporation (KPTCL) since its formation in 1999 to 2002. Mangalore Electricity Supply Company Limited (MESCOM) was one of four companies that was formed in 2002 from KPTCL, and it distributed to these districts.  CESC was carved out of MESCOM in 2005 to meet the increasing demand for power. Kodagu was added to its jurisdiction in 2006.

References

External links

 

Companies based in Karnataka
Electric power distribution network operators in India
State agencies of Karnataka
State electricity agencies of India
Energy in Karnataka
Indian companies established in 2005
2005 establishments in Karnataka
Maritime Vsat. Maritime VSAT is the use of satellite communication through a Very-small-aperture terminal (VSAT) on a moving ship at sea. 
Since a ship at sea moves with the water, the antenna needs to be stabilized with reference to the horizon and True north, so that the antenna is constantly pointing at the satellite it uses to transmit and receive signals.

The Maritime VSAT (Business) Industry was first created for the US Navy in September 1986, by the joint venture team of Richard A. Hadsall, President and CEO of Crescomm Transmission Services and Robert J. Matthews, President of SeaTel Inc. The result of this business venture was the creation of the company Maritime Telecommunications Network, Inc. (MTN) MTN went on to commercialize the Maritime VSAT business by delivering services to Various Cruise Lines around the world as well as many Commercial Oil and Gas installations and vessels. MTN also pushed for global Maritime VSAT recognition with the petition for rule making from the FCC and the lobbying of the ITU's World Radio Commission (WRC) for recognition to use the fixed satellite service (FSS) in C and Ku band by creating new rulings to recognize Earth Stations on Vessels ESV. This was accomplished by revision of the Radio Regulations, complementing the Constitution and the Convention of the International Telecommunication Union ITU, which incorporated the decisions of the World Radio Communication Conferences of 2003 (WRC-03)

There are many different options to build a maritime broadband network onboard of a vessels. 
Each option has its advantage (and disadvantage) in cost, in the coverage, the signal strength and requirements for the antenna size (and thus the requirements of installation).

There are major differences in capabilities, features, cost and performance between VSAT (Geostationary orbit satellites in Ku-band, C-band and Ka-band) and Low Earth orbit or Medium Earth Orbit satellites with L-band technologies in use.

Both L-band (LEO & MEO) and VSAT (GEO) systems are marketed with what appear to be a shared set of features and benefits.

References

Telecommunications equipment
Ground stations