omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Ultrabots. Ultrabots (called Xenobots in Europe) is a first-person shooter video game developed by NovaLogic for MS-DOS and published by Electronic Arts in 1993. The player controls a group of giant robots and battles other giant robots.

Gameplay

Gameplay consists of deploying a group of robots to an area and engaging enemy forces. Both sides will typically have a number of robots and a base to protect. Damaged robots can return to the base for repairs. As robots take damage, they will become harder to control and use as various systems fail.

The user can take direct control of one of the robots in field at will, or leave them autonomous in field and provide only strategic goal-driven control from the base.

Robots
There are three types of robots available in the game:
Humanoid is the main fighting robot. It is the strongest robot available and can deliver and take the most damage.
Scorpion is the infrastructure maintenance robot. It is slow, fragile, and weak in close combat, but it carries a single-shot missile (its scorpion stinging tail) that is the heaviest weapon in the game. Only Scorpions can lay down or dismantle the power grid.
Scout is the fast agile robot used for recon. It is lightly armed, but has the longest range when running on batteries, and is capable of laying mines.

Power grid 
A power grid consisting of microwave relays extends power away from the base dome. Robots straying too far from the base dome or relays have to rely on their batteries only, which don't last long and don't offer enough range to reach the enemy base. Much of the strategy in this game relies on the power infrastructure, with Scorpions extending lines of relays toward the enemy that Scouts discover far from the grid, under protection of Humanoids, to prepare a full attack on the enemy base.

Development and release
Ultrabots was developed by California-based Novalogic. The game was originally announced in early 1992 under the title Ultrabots: Sanction Earth and was to be published by Data East for both the PC and Super Nintendo Entertainment System (SNES). The latter version was cancelled and the publication rights to the PC version were acquired by Electronic Arts later that same year.

Reception

Computer Gaming World called Ultrabots "a very novel and worthwhile experience". A 1994 survey of strategic space games set in the year 2000 and later gave the game two-plus stars out of five, stating that "Any similarity to Mechwarriors is superficial".

References

External links

1993 video games
Cancelled Super Nintendo Entertainment System games
DOS games
DOS-only games
Electronic Arts games
First-person shooters
NovaLogic games
Single-player video games
Video games about mecha
Video games developed in the United States
CFK. CFK may refer to:

CFK Africa
Chefornak Airport, Alaska, US, FAA LID code
Compagnie de Chemin de fer du Katanga, a former Belgian Congo railway company
Chemische Fabrik Kalk, a former German chemical company
Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, President of Argentina from 2007 to 2015 and Vice President of Argentina from 2019 to 2023
Carbonfaserverstärkte Kunststoffe (CFK or CFvK), which translates to carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP)
Wolffenstein–Böters reaction. The Wolffenstein–Böters reaction is an organic reaction converting benzene to picric acid by a mixture of aqueous nitric acid and mercury(II) nitrate.
The reaction, which involves simultaneous nitration and oxidation, was first reported by the German chemists Richard Wolffenstein and Oskar Böters in 1906.

According to one series of studies the mercury nitrate first takes benzene to the corresponding nitroso compound and through the diazonium salt to the phenol.  The presence of nitrite is essential for the reaction; picric acid formation is prevented when urea, a trap for nitrous acid, is added to the mixture. From then on the reaction proceeds as a regular aromatic nitration.

A conceptually related reaction is the Bohn–Schmidt reaction, dating to 1889, which involves the hydroxylation of hydroxyanthraquinone with sulfuric acid and lead or selenium to a polyhydroxylated anthraquinone.

References

External links
 The Bohn–Schmidt reaction @ Institute of Chemistry, Skopje, Macedonia

Nitration reactions
Organic redox reactions
Name reactions
Military College of Telecommunication Engineering. The Military College of Telecommunication Engineering (MCTE) is the engineering training establishment for the Corps of Signals, established 1911, of the Indian Army. It is located near Indore, in the town formerly known as Mhow, now called Dr Ambedkar Nagar, in Madhya Pradesh. Lt Gen Vivek Dogra is the present Military College of Telecommunication Engineering (MCTE)  Commandant.

References

External links 
  Corps of Signals at Indian Army website

Military academies of India
Military communications of India
Telecommunications engineering
Telecommunication education
Universities and colleges in Mhow
Universities and colleges established in 1911
1911 establishments in India
Aniline leather. Aniline leather  is a type of leather dyed exclusively with soluble dyes. The dye colours the leather without producing the uniform surface of a topcoat paint or insoluble pigmented sealant, as on other leathers, and so retains the hide's natural surface. Hence, any visible variations on the surface of the undyed leather such as visible pores, scars, or other blemishes will remain visible. For this reason, only high-quality leather is suitable for aniline finishing.

Originally, the dyes used for this process were synthesized from aniline through chemical reactions. These dyes used to be called 'aniline dyes' or 'tar dyes'. In modern times, the dyes used are subject to laws and regulations in many countries, and the use of certain azo compounds is prohibited in the European Union as there are reasons to assume health risks.

Aniline leather may be referred to as "full aniline" to differentiate between this dye treatment and variants. Semi-aniline leather is produced through a very similar process to full-aniline, but has a thin protective top coat added to protect it from wear and staining. Pull-up aniline leather has additional oil or wax applied to the leather to give it a distressed look.

References

Leathermaking
Leather
IS1. IS1, IS-1, or variation, may refer to:

IS1
IS1 may refer to:
 HMG Infosec Standard No.1, a computer security standard used in the UK
 The IBM IS1, an early relational database system

IS-1
IS-1 may stand for:
The Soviet tank IS-1 the first model of the Soviet Iosif Stalin tank series
The first model of the Soviet Istrebitel Sputnikov missile; see anti-satellite weapon
Nikitin IS-1, a retractable wing fighter aircraft

See also
 ISI (disambiguation)
 IS (disambiguation)
AS9000. Aero Space 9000 (AS 9000) is an international standard for aerospace management systems that is a widely adopted and standardized quality management system for the aerospace sector. It was developed in March 1998 by Society of Automotive Engineers. The goal of the standard is to provide for continual improvement, emphasizing defect prevention and the reduction of variation and waste in the aerospace industry supply chain and assembly process. The standard was designed to fit into an integrated management system.

The goal of it is similar to Boeing's D1-9000.  The standard is based on ISO 9000, with 27 additional requirements unique to the aerospace industry.  The intent is to standardize and streamline many of the other aerospace quality management standards.

See also
 AS 9100

References

External links
 Society of Automotive Engineers website

International standards
Aviation standards
Aviation industry
Quality management
Quality control
ARPABET. ARPABET (also spelled ARPAbet) is a set of phonetic transcription codes developed by Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) as a part of their Speech Understanding Research project in the 1970s. It represents phonemes and allophones of General American English with distinct sequences of ASCII characters. Two systems, one representing each segment with one character (alternating upper- and lower-case letters) and the other with one or two (case-insensitive), were devised, the latter being far more widely adopted.

ARPABET has been used in several speech synthesizers, including Computalker for the S-100 system, SAM for the Commodore 64, SAY for the Amiga, TextAssist for the PC and Speakeasy from Intelligent Artefacts which used the Votrax SC-01 speech synthesiser IC. It is also used in the CMU Pronouncing Dictionary. A revised version of ARPABET is used in the TIMIT corpus.

Symbols
Stress is indicated by a digit immediately following a vowel. Auxiliary symbols are identical in 1- and 2-letter codes. In 2-letter notation, segments are separated by a space.

TIMIT
In TIMIT, the following symbols are used in addition to the ones listed above:

See also
 Comparison of ASCII encodings of the International Phonetic Alphabet
 SAMPA, language-specific
 X-SAMPA, encoding the whole International Phonetic Alphabet
 Pronunciation respelling for English

References

External links
The CMU Pronouncing Dictionary

Phonetic alphabets
Advanced Research Projects Agency
ASCII
American English
Computer-related introductions in the 1970s
1970s in the United States
1970s in science
MBROLA. MBROLA is speech synthesis software as a worldwide collaborative project. The MBROLA project web page provides diphone databases for many spoken languages.

The MBROLA software is not a complete speech synthesis system for all those languages; the text must first be transformed into phoneme and prosodic information in MBROLA's format, and separate software (e.g. eSpeakNG) is necessary.

History 

MBROLA project started in 1995 at the TCTS Lab of the Faculté polytechnique de Mons (Belgium) as a scientific project to obtain a set of speech synthesizers for as many languages as possible. The first release of MBROLA software was in 1996 and was provided as freeware for non-commercial, non-military application. Licenses for created voice databases differ, but are also mostly for non-commercial and non-military use.

Due to its free usage only for non-commercial applications, MBROLA was as alternative choice for private/home users for de facto speech synthesis engine eSpeakNG in Linux workstations, but mostly was not used for commercial solutions (e.g. for speaking time clocks, boarding notifications for ports and terminals etc.) After initial development of voice databases updates and support of MBROLA software ceased and gradually closed-source binaries fell behind development of recent hardware and operating systems. To deal with this MBROLA development team decided to release MBROLA as open source software, and on October 24, 2018, source code was released on GitHub with GNU Affero General Public License. On January 23, 2019, tool called MBROLATOR was released to provide creation of MBROLA database from WAV files with the same license.

Used technology 

MBROLA software uses MBROLA (Multi-Band Resynthesis OverLap Add) algorithm for speech generation. Although it is diphone-based, the quality of MBROLA's synthesis is considered to be higher than that of most diphone synthesisers as it preprocesses the diphones imposing constant pitch and harmonic phases that enhances their concatenation while only slightly degrading their segmental quality.

MBROLA is a time-domain algorithm similar to PSOLA, which implies very low computational load at synthesis time. Unlike PSOLA, however, MBROLA does not require a preliminary marking of pitch periods. This feature has made it possible to develop the MBROLA project around the MBROLA algorithm, through which many speech research labs, companies, or individuals around the world have provided diphone databases for many languages and voices.

References

 MBROLA source code repository
 Using Festival with MBROLA

External links 
 MBROLA voices (database for MBROLA speech synthesizer)
 MBROLATOR (database creation tool for MBROLA speech synthesizer)

Speech synthesis
Computational linguistics
The Design of an Optimizing Compiler. The Design of an Optimizing Compiler (Elsevier Science Ltd, 1980, ), by William Wulf, Richard K. Johnson, Charles B. Weinstock, Steven O. Hobbs, and Charles M. Geschke, was published in 1975 by Elsevier. It describes the BLISS optimizing compiler for the PDP-11, written at Carnegie Mellon University in the early 1970s. The compiler ran on a PDP-10 and was one of the first to produce well-optimized code for a minicomputer. Because of its elegant design and the quality of the generated code, the compiler and book remain classics in the compiler field.

Although the original book has been out of print for many years, a print on demand version remains available from University Microfilms International.

Reception
Software: Practice and Experience said compiling experts would benefit the most with The Design of an Optimizing Compiler.

References

External links
The Design of an Optimizing Compiler - Online version at CMU

Computer programming books
Compilers
1975 non-fiction books
Elsevier books
HMS Ardent (1913). HMS Ardent was one of 20 s built for the Royal Navy in the 1910s. Completed in 1914 she saw active service in the First World War, and was sunk at the Battle of Jutland in 1916.

Design and description
The Acasta class was based on an enlarged , a very fast Yarrow Special of the . Ardent was ordered to evaluate William Denny & Brothers' recently developed longitudinal framing method of building which offered greater hull strength for a given weight than conventional transverse construction. The Acastas had an overall length of , a beam of , and a normal draught of . The ships displaced  at deep load and their crew numbered 73 officers and ratings.

The destroyers were powered by a single Parsons steam turbine that drove two propeller shafts using steam provided by Yarrow boilers. Ardent differed from her sister ships in that she had only three rather than four boilers and only two funnels. The engines developed a total of  and were designed for a speed of . The ship reached a speed of  during her sea trials. The Acastas had a range of  at a cruising speed of .

The primary armament of the ships consisted of three BL  Mk VIII guns in single, unprotected pivot mounts. Ardent had one gun on the forecastle, one on a platform between her funnels and the third aft of the superstructure. The destroyers were equipped with a pair of single rotating mounts for 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes amidships and carried two reload torpedoes.

Construction and career
HMS Ardent, the seventh Royal Navy ship to bear the name,
was ordered under the 1911–1912 Naval Programme from William Denny & Brothers. The ship was laid down at the company's Dumbarton shipyard on 9 October 1911, launched on 8 September 1912 and commissioned in February 1914. She joined the 4th Destroyer Flotilla on completion, and served with the Grand Fleet on the outbreak of the First World War.

She was sunk on 1 June 1916 during the Battle of Jutland by secondary fire from the German dreadnought . Seventy-eight men went down with the ship; there were only two survivors.

The wrecksite is designated as a protected place under the Protection of Military Remains Act 1986.

Pennant numbers

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

External links 
 Battle of Jutland Crew Lists Project - HMS Ardent Crew List

Acasta-class destroyers
World War I destroyers of the United Kingdom
Maritime incidents in 1916
Ships sunk at the Battle of Jutland
Protected wrecks of the United Kingdom
1913 ships
HMS Turbulent (1916). HMS Turbulent was one of four s ordered for the Ottoman Navy and taken over by the Royal Navy during the First World War.

Description
The Talismans were designed by Armstrong Whitworth for the Ottoman Navy, but were sub-contracted to Hawthorn Leslie and Company for building. They displaced . The ships had an overall length of , a beam of  and a draught of . They were powered by three Parsons direct-drive steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft, using steam provided by three Yarrow boilers. The turbines developed a total of  and gave a maximum speed of . The ships carried a maximum of  of fuel oil. The ships' complement was 102 officers and ratings.

The Talisman-class ships were heavily armed for their time, shipping five single QF  Mark IV guns. Two of the guns were side-by-side on the forecastle. The other guns were carried on the centreline; one between the first and second funnels, one after the searchlight platform and one on a bandstand on the quarterdeck. All the guns had half-shields. The ships were designed to accommodate three above water twin mounts for  torpedoes, but only two mounts were fitted in British service.

Construction and career
The vessel was originally to have been named Ogre, but was renamed whilst under construction, on 15 February 1915. She was launched on 5 January 1916 and completed in May 1916.

She served with the 10th Destroyer Flotilla of the Grand Fleet from her completion. She was sunk on 1 June 1916 at the Battle of Jutland by the German battleship  SMS Westfalen with the deaths of 90 crew members, and the surviving 13 became prisoners of war. The wrecksite is designated as a protected place under the Protection of Military Remains Act 1986.

Notes

Bibliography

External links
 SI 2008/0950 Designation under the Protection of Military Remains Act 1986
 Battle of Jutland Crew Lists Project - HMS Turbulent Crew List

Talisman-class destroyers
World War I destroyers of the United Kingdom
Maritime incidents in 1916
Ships sunk at the Battle of Jutland
Protected wrecks of the United Kingdom
Ships built on the River Tyne
1916 ships
Qi Faren. Qi Faren (; born 1933) is a Chinese aerospace engineer and the chief designer for Chinese spacecraft since the launch of the prototype Shenzhou manned spacecraft in 1999.

Qi was born in 1933 in Wafangdian, Liaoning, China, and graduated from the Beijing Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics in 1957. Qi took part in the research and design of the People's Republic of China's first satellite - the Dong Fang Hong I, which was successfully launched, and stayed in orbit, in 1970. He was then appointed the general designer of China's spacecraft in 1992, following the retirement of Qian Xuesen.

Qi is an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and the International Academy of Astronautics. He was inducted into the International Astronautical Federation Hall of Fame in 2019, the third Chinese inductee after Wang Xiji and Long Lehao.

References 

1933 births
Living people
Shenzhou program
Beihang University alumni
Chinese aerospace engineers
People from Wafangdian
Engineers from Liaoning
Members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
Diablo Dam. Diablo Dam is one of three dams along the upper Skagit River in Whatcom County, Washington and part of the Skagit River Hydroelectric Project that supplies Seattle with some of its power needs. The dam was built in Diablo Canyon, a gorge of solid granite with vertical walls rising  from the river bed, yet were less than  apart. Construction began in 1927, and was completed in 1930. The dam began generating electricity in 1936.

The result was a power-generating dam that holds a reservoir known as Diablo Lake. At the time it was completed, Diablo Dam, at , was the tallest dam in the world. Water from the dam operates two main generators, each with a capacity of 64.5 MW.  The dam and its original associated power generation infrastructure were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

Climate
The Western Regional Climate Center (WRCC) reports weather station 452157 at Diablo Dam since 1948, presently at  with an elevation of . The dam is in a transitional maritime-mediterranean climate (Köppen (Cfb/Csb) depending on summer rainfall isotherm.

Panorama

See also 

 List of dams and reservoirs in Washington
 Skagit River

References

External links
 Diablo Dam, 1929-1932 (Part 1) (Part 2) (Part 3) – silent film clips of construction posted by Seattle Municipal Archives on YouTube

External links
Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) documentation, filed under Newhalem, Whatcom County, WA:

Dams in Washington (state)
Seattle City Light dams
Buildings and structures in Whatcom County, Washington
Historic American Engineering Record in Washington (state)
Hydroelectric power plants in Washington (state)
United States power company dams
Dams completed in 1930
Energy infrastructure completed in 1936
Arch dams
Dams on the Skagit River
National Register of Historic Places in Ross Lake National Recreation Area
1930 establishments in Washington (state)
Mitsubishi HSR. The Mitsubishi HSR (Highly Sophisticated-transport Research) is a range of concept cars exhibited by Mitsubishi Motors through the late 1980s and 1990s. There were six distinct iterations of the vehicle released biannually to coincide with the Tokyo Motor Show, with each model after the original identified by a Roman numeral suffixed to the name. The meaning of the acronym varied over the years. The first iteration meant Hi-speed Running Research, the second Hi-Sophisticated Research, and the third Human Science Research.

Models
 HSR (1987) — The first vehicle was a showcase for Mitsubishi's integrated electronic systems offering automatic control of drive train, suspension, steering, brakes, and driving position according to driving conditions or weather. It was powered by a 2.0-litre 16-valve turbocharged engine producing , had a maximum speed claimed by the factory at .
 HSR-II (1989) — The second generation had a heavy emphasis on active aerodynamics, with a series of movable fins and spoilers offering a drag factor which varied from 0.20 to 0.40 depending on setup. Much of the technology found its way to the Mitsubishi HSX, the precursor to the company's GTO sports car. It is also featured in the games Gran Turismo 4, Gran Turismo 5 and Gran Turismo 6.
 HSR-III (1991) — The third concept car to bear the HSR name was powered by the  6A10 1.6-litre V6, the world's smallest mass-produced V6. Its design themes were "Human Scale Technology" and "Small is beautiful." It continued the active aerodynamics theme of the HSR-II, but with the addition of flexible skin on the rear spoiler, dubbed an "elastic aerotail." Shifting from the overtly sporting and powerful earlier HSRs, the HSR-III also focused on cleanliness and recyclability - with the body parts all marked for ease of recycling.
 HSR-IV (1993) — A  modulated displacement version of the 1.6-litre V6 powered the fourth prototype, a four-wheel-drive sports car featuring an all-wheel anti-lock braking system.
 HSR-V (1995) — The fifth generation, a targa topped sports car with a folding hardtop roof, featured the debut of Mitsubishi's gasoline direct injection (GDI) technology in its ICDIGE engine.
 HSR-VI (1997) — Fitted with a 2.4-litre version of the GDI engine, the sixth HSR concept featured four-wheel steering, active yaw control, traction control and an automated driving system.

Specifications

References

Hsr
Vehicles with four-wheel steering
Coupés