omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Line discipline. A line discipline (LDISC) is a layer in the terminal subsystem in some Unix-like systems. The terminal subsystem consists of three layers: the upper layer to provide the character device interface, the lower hardware driver to communicate with the hardware or pseudo terminal, and the middle line discipline to implement behavior common to terminal devices.

The line discipline glues the low level device driver code with the high level generic interface routines (such as read(2), write(2) and ioctl(2)), and is responsible for implementing the semantics associated with the device. The policy is separated from the device driver so that the same serial hardware driver can be used by devices that require different data handling.

For example, the standard line discipline processes the data it receives from the hardware driver and from applications writing to the device according to the requirements of a terminal on a Unix-like system. On input, it handles special characters such as the interrupt character (typically Control-C) and the erase and kill characters (typically backspace or delete, and Control-U, respectively) and, on output, it replaces all the LF characters with a CR/LF sequence.

A serial port could also be used for a dial-up Internet connection using a serial modem and PPP.  In this case, a PPP line discipline would be used; it would accumulate input data from the serial line into PPP input packets, delivering them to the networking stack rather than to the character device, and would transmit packets delivered to it by the networking stack on the serial line.

Some Unix-like systems use STREAMS to implement line disciplines.

References

Computer terminals
Unix
Stephen Glaister. Stephen Glaister  (born 21 June 1946) is Emeritus Professor of Transport and Infrastructure at the Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, where he was also director of the Railway Technology Strategy Centre.

He was chair of the Office of Rail and Road from early 2016 until 31 December 2018.  He remained a member of the ORR Board until 2020.

He is a former board member of Transport for London and former director of the RAC Foundation.

He is a fellow of the Institution of Civil Engineers and has been an advisor to many transport-related organisations and committees since the late 1970s. He has been cited as an expert on transport policy.

Professional life
Glaister has, amongst other things, been: the director of the Railway Technology Strategy Centre; a board member of Transport for London (2000 to 2008); and director of the RAC Foundation (2008 to 2015).

He was first appointed the Chair of the Office of Rail and Road in March 2015, a position he was most recently reappointed to in January 2018.

He has published widely on transport matters and was appointed a CBE for services to public transport in 1998. He has also published regarding the regulation of the water and gas industries.

Other roles
 Member, Joint Science Research Council/Social Science Research Council Transport Committee (1978 – 1980)
 Member, UK government first Advisory Committee on Trunk Road Assessment (1977 – 1981)
 Editor, Economica (1979 – 1982)
 Specialist Adviser to the Parliamentary Select committee on Transport (1981-1983, 1988,1990)
 Non-executive Board member, London Regional Transport (1984 – 1993)
 Economic advisor, British Rail Policy Unit and InterCity strategy (1980 – 1993)
 Managing Editor, Journal of Transport Economics and Policy (1987 – 1999)
 Member, Independent Review of Road Charging Options for London (ROCOL) (1998 – 2000)
 Economic Advisor to the Rail Regulator (1993 – 2001)
 Economic Advisor, Office of Gas Supply (1996 – 2002)
 Advisor to Buses sub-group, Commission for Integrated Transport (1999 – 2003)
 Member, steering group for the Department of Transport's National Road Pricing Feasibility Study (2003 – 2004)
 Member, HS2 Analytical Challenge Panel (2011)
 Co-chair, Transport Safety Commission (2013)

References

External links
Centre for Transport studies

1946 births
Living people
Academics of Imperial College London
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
SWARM. The SWARM Remote Weapon System (Stabilised Weapon And Reconnaissance Mount) is a fully armored remote weapon system designed and built by the Thales Group in Glasgow, Scotland. The SWARM system consists of two main assemblies: the Gun Processing and Interface Unit (GPIU), which is operated inside the vehicle, and the external Weapon and Sensor Platform (WASP). It can fire a variety of weapons, and utilize  multiple sensors. On the US Marine Corps' Gladiator tactical unmanned ground vehicle (TUGV), it is equipped with a 7.62 mm M240 and day/night sensors.

Currently used in conjunction with:
US Marine Corps Gladiator tactical unmanned ground vehicle (TUGV)
British Army Trojan AVRE
FNSS Pars Armored Vehicle

Specifications
System Accuracy: Less than 1.5 milliradians (mil) (10 round burst)
Minimum Tracking Speed: 0.01 degrees per second.

References

Vehicle-mounted weapons
Remote weapon stations
Doprastav. Doprastav a.s. is a Slovak construction company, which was established in 1953. The company focuses mainly on transportation construction, such as roads, bridges and railways.

An example of their construction is the Apollo Bridge in Bratislava. The construction won an award from the European Association of Steel Construction.

In 2006, Doprastav posted a profit of 461.74 million Slovak korunas (€13.55 million) after taxation and employed 3,500 people in average.

References

External links
 Official website of Doprastav

Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1953
Construction and civil engineering companies of Slovakia
Slovak brands
Czechoslovak companies established in 1953
Agile application. An agile application is the result of service-oriented architecture and agile development paradigms. An agile application is distinguished from average applications in that it is a loosely coupled set of services with a decoupled orchestration layer and it is easily modified to address changing business needs and it is scalable by design.

Using agile applications development paradigms, a set of services can be built to address business specific functional components. These services can be exposed using any one of the standard communication protocols including web services. A well designed agile application will standardize on a common communication protocol and a common data model. The services can then be orchestrated using a decoupled layer to implement business logic. There are many tools by different vendors (IBM, Intel etc.,) in the industry that can support the orchestration layer.

The decoupled nature of an agile application permits it to accommodate fault tolerance and scalability. For example, scalability is addressed through focusing the attention of the QA team in the set of services that are causing the bottleneck as opposed to trying to solve scalability for the entire system which can be a much bigger problem. Similarly, fault tolerance can be achieved through deploying multiple instances of a service. If one service fails, another instance can pick up the load. For stateless services, this can lead to continuous availability.

Following the Agile Development paradigm, each unit of development cycle can be focused on a single service. Furthermore, multiple of these development cycles can run in parallel leading to faster development completion.

Agile is a means of responsiveness based on customization rather than stable production or standardization.

References

Further reading
 Nanocomputers and Swarm Intelligence by Jean-Baptiste Waldner, ISTE, , 2007.
 Agile Web Development with Rails 2nd Edition by Dave Thomas; David Heinemeier; Leon Breedt, Rails, , 2007.yy

See also
Semantic Web
Semantic Grid
Ontology (computer science)
Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL)

Agile software development
NEAT Particles. NEAT Particles is an interactive evolutionary computation program that enables users to evolve particle systems intended for use as special effects in video games or movie graphics. Rather than being hand-coded like typical particle systems, the behaviors of NEAT Particle effects are evolved by user preference. Therefore, non-programmer, non-artist users may evolve complex and unique special effects in real time. NEAT Particles is meant to augment and assist the time-consuming computer graphics content generation process. NEAT is short for Neuroevolution of Augmenting Topologies.

Method 

In NEAT Particles, each particle system is controlled by a Compositional pattern-producing network (CPPN), a type of artificial neural network, or ANN. In other words, the usually hand-coded 'rules' of a particle system are replaced by automatically generated CPPNs. The CPPNs are evolved and complexified by NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies (NEAT). A simple, interactive evolutionary computation (IEC) interface enables user guided evolution. In this manner increasingly complex particle system effects are evolved by user preference.

Benefit 

The main benefit of NEAT Particles is to decouple particle system creation from programming, allowing unique and interesting effects to be quickly evolved by users without programming or artistic skill. Additionally, it provides a way for content developers to explore the range of possible effects. And finally, it can act as a concept art tool or idea generator, in which novel and useful effects are easily discovered.

Implications 

The methodology of NEAT Particles can be applied to generation of other types of content, such as 3D models or programmable shader effects. The most significant implication of NEAT Particles and other Interactive evolutionary computation applications, is the possibility of automated content generation within a game itself, while it is played.

Bibliography

See also
 Particle system
 NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies
 Interactive evolutionary computation
 Evolutionary art

External links
"Evolutionary Complexity Research Group at UCF" - home of NEAT Particles and other evolutionary complexity research projects
"NEAT Particles" - latest source code and executable

Interactive evolutionary computation
3D graphics software
Computer art
Rafael Overhead Weapon Station. The Rafael Overhead Weapon Station is a remote weapon station developed by Rafael Advanced Defense Systems in cooperation with the Israel Defense Forces. It has been superseded by the Rafael Samson Remote Controlled Weapon Station (RCWS). However, the larger Rafael OWS-25 and OWS-25R models are still in production.

Users
The OWS is used on:
IDF Achzarit
IDF Puma
M113A2 Ultra OWS
Otokar Akrep
Otokar Cobra
Otokar Yavuz
 Romanian Army MLI-84M

Variants
OWS-25 – carries 25 mm auto cannon, 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun and smoke grenade launchers.  

OWS-25R – carries 25 mm auto cannon, 2 anti-tank missiles and 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun.
The Rafael OWS-25R adds  to a vehicle's weight.

References

Vehicle-mounted weapons
Rafael Advanced Defense Systems
Remote weapon stations
TCDD DE24000. TCDD DE 24000 (stylised as DE 24 000 in painted registration numbers) is a type of diesel locomotive built for operations on Turkish State Railways (TCDD) by Tülomsaş. 218 units were built between 1970 and 1984 under license from Matériel de Traction Electrique (MTE) of France. The DE 24000 formed the backbone of the dieselisation of the Turkish railways during the 1970s. It follows the hood unit road switcher design, like most Turkish mainline locomotives. DE 24 000 is the most commonly found locomotive class in Turkey (431 units produced, more than 100 in usable state).

In addition to MTE, diesel parts were supplied by Chantiers de l'Atlantique, electric parts from Jeumont-Schneider, and mechanical parts from Forges et Ateliers du Creusot, all of which later acquired by Alstom.

History
During the 1970s the Turkish State Railways decided to replace their 800 steam locomotives with diesel. This quite-delayed task required the delivery of more than 400 diesel units. On February 15, 1968, TCDD and MTE signed an agreement for delivery of the DE 24000 along with the delivery of the smaller DE18000. To build up domestic competence on diesel engines, TCDD  decided that the production would be done by Tülomsaş of Turkey. Only Tülomsaş-built units are still operational.

Blue trains (Mavi tren) and DE 24000

Blue trains are express passenger trains with  timetable speed. They originally started replacing black trains (), which are trains pulled by black steam locomotives with tenders. All cars of the blue trains had blue livery and were pulled by blue DE24000s. They are now pulled by TCDD E68000s and have regular livery but still retain their long-distance national passenger rail network status.

Overspeeding provision
These locomotives had been used over their power and speed ratings until 2004. Delayed trains were "force-fit" into the timetable by overspeeding up to 10% over timetable speeds. This required both overspeeding the prime mover and modifying the traction motors' final drive ratios. This practice was banned after the Pamukova train derailment.

Notes

References

External links
 Tülomsaş page on DE 24000

Tülomsaş locomotives
Co-Co locomotives
Turkish State Railways diesel locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Turkey
Railway locomotives introduced in 1970
TCDD DH7000. TCDD DH 7000 are a type of diesel-hydraulic locomotive built for operations on Turkish State Railways by Tülomsaş. The DH7000 was primarily used as a shunter. A total of 20 units were delivered from 1994.

References

External links
 Tülomsaş page on DH7000
 Trains of Turkey page on DH7000

Tülomsaş locomotives
C locomotives
DH07000
Standard gauge locomotives of Turkey
Railway locomotives introduced in 1994
Shunting locomotives
Sun Java System Portal Server. The Sun Java System Portal Server is a component of the Sun Java Platform, Enterprise Edition, a software system that supports a wide range of enterprise computing needs.

Portal Server allows administrators and delegated administrators to build portal pages and to make them available to individuals throughout an enterprise according to user identities.

Portal Server's core framework supports the Java Specification Request (JSR) 168 and 286 Java Portlet specification standard and the Web Services for Remote Portlets (WSRP) 1.0 standard for portal content. Portlet developers can use the NetBeans IDE or open standard tools to build standards-based portlets.  Developers can also use design tools such as Dreamweaver to design new themes and skins.  Portal administrators can then leverage portlets, WSRP consumers, or additional portal tools for adding content to portal pages.

The latest version of Portal Server is 7.2.  This version provides a framework and a set of software modules that offer the following:

 Security
 Mobility
 Community Features
 Enterprise Search
 Identity-based content delivery
 Collaboration
 Business system integration
 Secure Remote Access
 Desktop Design Tool
 Delegated Administration
 Enterprise Edition Installer
 GlassFish V2 / Application Server 9.1 Support
 SharePoint Integrated Services
 AES Support for Secure Remote Access
 CMS Portlet and CMS Framework
 JSR286 / Portlet Container 2.0 Support
 WSRP 1.0
 Google Gadgets Integration
 Workflow API
 JSF Portlet Bridge 1.2
 NetBeans and Eclipse application development tools

OpenPortal
At JavaOne 2007, the Sun Java System Portal Server team announced the renaming of the portal open source community. It's now called the OpenPortal Community.

Partnership with Liferay
At JavaOne 2008, Sun and Liferay announced a strategic partnership that combines efforts and technologies from both companies' communities to enhance and maintain web aggregation and presentation technologies that are utilized in existing and future products. Liferay Portal 5 and Sun's Project WebSynergy are the first version of the new product families that are a result of this initiative and derived from the same codebase.

References

External links
 More about Sun Java System Portal Server
 Sun Java System Portal Server 7.2 documentation
 The Portal Post Blog
 The OpenPortal Community
 Portal Server SDN Hub
 Portal Server Demos Broken link
 Sun/Liferay partnership and WebSynergy
 Liferay Providing First Year Free for Sun Portal Customers

Java enterprise platform
Sun Microsystems software
J. Eliot B. Moss. J. Eliot B. Moss is an American computer scientist active in the fields of garbage collection and multiprocessor synchronization. He is co-inventor with Maurice Herlihy of transactional memory.

He is currently (2012) a Professor of computer science at University of Massachusetts Amherst. He has served on the executive committee of SIGPLAN, the Special Interest Group for programming languages for the Association for Computing Machinery. In 2007 he was inducted as Fellow of the ACM, and in 2008 as a Fellow of the IEEE. In 2012, his paper on transactional memory was recognized with a Dijkstra Prize, shared with Maurice Herlihy.

He is also an Episcopal priest, ordained in 2005, currently serving as Vicar of St. John's Episcopal Church, Ashfield, MA. He resides in Amherst, MA, is married, and has a son and a daughter. He received degrees from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, completing a BSEE in 1975, MSEE in 1978, and PhD in 1981. His dissertation was on nested transactions and was later published in a slightly revised form by the MIT Press (1985). He is co-author of The Garbage Collection Handbook with Richard Jones and Antony Hosking, published in 2011 by Chapman and Hall.

See also 
 ISCA Influential Paper Award

External links
 Website

American computer scientists
University of Massachusetts Amherst faculty
2007 fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
Fellows of the IEEE
Living people
Dijkstra Prize laureates
Year of birth missing (living people)
Aubert Aviation. 
Aubert Aviation (later, SA des avions P. Aubert) was a French aircraft manufacturing company established in 1932 by Paul Aubert at Issy-les-Moulineaux. In 1938, it flew a light monoplane, the Cigale, and continued to develop this design after World War II at Buc, building some 30 production examples before ceasing operations in 1959.

References
 
 aviafrance.com

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of France
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1932
Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1959
French companies established in 1932
1959 disestablishments in France
Auster Avis. The Auster Avis was a four-seat light aircraft developed from the Auster Autocrat. It featured a redesigned fuselage incorporating four doors and a circular cross-section towards the tail, new undercarriage, and new wing flaps. It was planned in two versions, the Mk 1 for civil use, and the Mk 2 for military and air ambulance duties. However, only two prototypes were built, and Auster abandoned the project in favour of the Auster J-5 Autocar.

Specifications (Avis)

References

Further reading
 
 
 

Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
1940s British civil utility aircraft
1940s British military utility aircraft
Auster aircraft
Auster B.4. The Auster B.4 was an unusual British development of the Auster family of light aircraft in an attempt to create a light cargo aircraft.

Design

The conventional fuselage was considerably redesigned, turning it into a pod-and-boom configuration carrying the tail unit on a high boom. The rear of the fuselage pod was equipped with clamshell doors for easy loading and unloading, and a quadricycle undercarriage was fitted, retaining the mainwheels from earlier Auster designs, but adding a tailwheel to each side of the fuselage pod. The fuselage floor had fittings for seats, cargo tie-downs, or litters for the air ambulance role.

Operational history

The prototype was exhibited at the Farnborough Air Show in September 1953.

Although evaluated by the British Army in military markings, neither civil nor military orders ensued, and no examples were constructed beyond the single prototype

Specifications

See also

References

 
 
 

Single-engined tractor aircraft
1950s British cargo aircraft
Auster aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1951
Project.net. Project.net was an open-source, enterprise scale project management application for Microsoft Windows and Unix operating systems. Project.net is commercial open source. Support and training was available from Project.net Inc. of Bedford, Massachusetts.
Around october, 2022 (ten years after the last update) the project webpage was replaced by a contact form for the original parent company of Project.net: Integrated Computer Solutions, Inc..

History 
Project.net was founded in 1999 to develop project collaboration applications using Internet technologies. The company's initial focus was building and deploying a collaboration engine for use by public and private web-based exchanges. In 2002, PC Magazine awarded Project.net with the Editors' Choice award in a review of web-based project management applications.

Project.net was acquired by Integrated Computer Solutions in 2006 and launched the open source version of Project.net’s project and portfolio management (PPM) application.  The Open Source Business Conference awarded three open source projects (including Project.net) as "ones to watch" shortly after the acquisition.

Project.net was used by more than 50,000 people worldwide in the 2010s to help manage their projects.  University Business Magazine published an article on Project and Portfolio Management that reviews the need for and use of Project.net in the facilities department at Cornell University.

The project.net webpage content was removed in october, 2022, replaced by an ICS contact form, and project management software is not listed in ISC portfolio.

License 
Project.net was available via the GNU General Public License or a commercial license if preferred by the user. However, Project.net cannot be used without an Oracle database, which is a commercial product.

Usage 
 Project and portfolio management
 Collaboration
 Issue tracking
 Integrated Wiki
 Integrated Blog

See also 

 Project management software
 List of project management software

References

External links
 Project.net website

Free software programmed in Java (programming language)
Free project management software
Free software companies
Kokusai Ki-76. The Kokusai Ki-76, or Liaison Aircraft Type 3 (in ), was a Japanese, high-wing monoplane artillery spotter and liaison aircraft that served in World War II. The Allied reporting name was Stella.

Design and development
In 1940, the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force ordered the Nippon Kokusai Koku Kogyo to produce an artillery spotting and liaison aircraft. The resulting Ki-76 was inspired by, and similar to, the German Fieseler Fi 156 "Storch", although not a direct copy. Like the "Storch", it was a high-winged monoplane with a fixed tailwheel undercarriage. However, rather than the slotted flaps used by the German aircraft, the Ki-76 used Fowler flaps, while it was powered by Hitachi Ha-42 radial engine rather than the Argus As 10 inline engine of the "Storch".

First flying in May 1941, the Ki-76 proved successful when evaluated against an example of the Fi-156 and was ordered into production as the Army Type 3 Command Liaison Plane in November 1942.

Operational history

The Ki-76 remained in service as an artillery spotter and liaison aircraft until the end of the War. Ki-76s were also used as anti-submarine aircraft, operating from the Japanese Army's escort carrier, the Akitsu Maru, being fitted with an arrestor hook and carrying two 60 kg (132 lb) depth charges.

Operators

 Imperial Japanese Army Air Service

 Royal Thai Air Force

Specifications (Ki-76)

See also

References

Sources
  (new edition 1987 by Putnam Aeronautical Books, )

External links

Ki-76
1940s Japanese military reconnaissance aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1941
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear