omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Takaya. Takaya Corporation is an electronics equipment manufacturer in Okayama prefecture, Japan. The company was originally established as a textile company in 1918, and began assembling transistor radios in 1966. In 1977, Takaya and Sharp Corporation jointly established Sharp Takaya Electronics Co., Ltd.

Description
Some products have been sold directly to original equipment manufacturers under the Takaya brand. One of the many testers still in daily use is the APT-8300 fixtureless tester, a three-axis flying probe tester.

References 

Japanese companies established in 1918
Electronics companies of Japan
Takaya
Companies based in Okayama Prefecture
RFT. RFT may refer to:

 Rational Functional Tester, IBM software
 Regulatory focus theory, a psychological theory
 Relational frame theory, a psychological theory
 Remote field testing, a materials testing method with low-frequency AC
 Request for tender, an invitation to product or service suppliers
 Revisable-Form Text, part of IBM's Document Control Architecture (DCA)
 Right-First-Time, a performance indicator in quality management
 The Riverfront Times, an alternative weekly newspaper in St. Louis, Missouri, US
Edge jointing. Edge jointing or just jointing is the process of making the edge of a wooden board straight and true in preparation for subsequent operations, often ultimately leading to joining two or more components together. Traditionally, jointing was performed using a jointer plane.  Modern techniques include the use of a jointer machine, a hand held router and straight edge, or a table-mounted router.

Although the process derives its name from the primary task of straightening an edge prior to joining, the term jointing is used whenever this process is performed, regardless of the application.

Normally, the desired outcome of jointing is an edge which is straight along its length and perpendicular to the face of the board. However, there is another technique often used when gluing up panels, referred to as a sprung joint. In this technique, the desired outcome is an edge which is slightly concave along its length. When two such edges are brought together and clamped, the sprung edges create greater tension at the ends of the join, which assists in creating a seamless joint.

When using a hand plane to perform this operation, two boards are often clamped face to face in the vice and both jointed at once,  creating two edges that are mirror images of one another. This method ensures that even if the edges are not perfectly perpendicular to their respective faces, when the two board edges are brought together, the result is a flat panel because the error in each edge cancels the other out.

References

Joinery
Cellular multiprocessing. Cellular multiprocessing is a multiprocessing computing architecture designed initially for Intel central processing units from Unisys, a worldwide information technology consulting company.

It consists of the partitioning of processors into separate computing environments running different operating systems. Providing up to 32 processors that are crossbar connected to 64GB of memory and 96 PCI cards, a CMP system provides mainframe-like architecture using Intel CPUs. CMP supports Windows NT and Windows 2000 Server, AIX, Novell NetWare and UnixWare and can be run as one large SMP system or multiple systems with variant operating systems.

There is a concept of creating CPU Partitions in CMPs, e.g. one can create a full partition of 32 processors, Or one can create two partitions of 16 processors each, these two partitions will be visible to the OS installed as two machines. Similarly for 32 processors it is possible to create 32 partitions at max each having a single CPU. Unisys' CMP is the only server architecture to take full advantage of Microsoft's Windows 2000 Datacenter Server operating system's support for 32 processors.

In case of LINUX/UNIX OS the CMP technology is proven to be very best, whereas in case of Windows 2003 Servers installations, there are certain limits for partitions having number of CPUs, like for a windows 2003 installation the maximum CPU in a partition can only be 4, if more CPUs are assigned severe performance degrade are observed. Even on 8 CPU partition the performance is comparable to the performance of a 2 processors partition.

A CMP subpod contains four x86 or Itanium CPUs, which connect through a third-level memory cache to the crossbar. Each crossbar supports two subpods, two direct I/O bridges (DIBs) and can connect to four memory storage units (MSUs).

Unisys is also providing CMP server technology to Compaq, Dell, Hewlett-Packard and ICL, under OEM agreements.

See also
 Asymmetric multiprocessing
 Symmetric multiprocessing

References

Parallel computing
Wired for Management. Wired for Management (WfM) was a primarily hardware-based system allowing a newly built computer without any software to be manipulated by a master computer that could access the hard disk of the new PC to paste the install program.  It could also be used to update software and monitor system status remotely.  Intel developed the system in the 1990s; it is now considered obsolete.

WfM included the Preboot Execution Environment (PXE) and Wake-on-LAN (WOL) standards.

WfM has been replaced by the Intelligent Platform Management Interface standard for servers and Intel Active Management Technology for PCs.

See also

 Provisioning (telecommunications)

References

Networking hardware
System administration
Optoelectronic plethysmography. Optoelectronic plethysmography is a method to evaluate ventilation through an external measurement of the chest wall surface motion.

A number of small reflective markers are placed on the thoraco-abdominal surface by hypoallergenic adhesive tape. A system for human motion analysis measures the three-dimensional coordinates of these markers and the enclosed volume is computed by connecting the points to form triangles.

From optoelectronic plethysmography it is thus possible to obtain volume variations of the entire chest wall and its different compartments. The chest wall can be modeled as being composed of three different compartments: pulmonary rib cage, abdominal rib cage, and the abdomen. This model is the most appropriate for the study of chest wall kinematics in the majority of conditions, including exercise. It takes into consideration the fact that the lung- and diaphragm-apposed parts of the rib cage are exposed to substantially different pressures on their inner surface during inspiration, that the diaphragm acts directly only on the abdominal rib cage, and that non-diaphragmatic inspiratory muscles act largely on the pulmonary rib cage. Abdominal volume change is defined as the volume swept by the abdominal wall.

Optoelectronic plethysmography can be used following different measurement protocols, specifically developed for different applications and different experimental and clinical situations. In the arrangement designed for the analysis in sitting and standing positions, 89 markers are arranged on the thoraco-abdominal surface. Optoelectronic plethysmography can be used also in supine and prone positions. Optoelectronic plethysmography was used to study chest wall kinematics in healthy subjects during exercise, patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, patients with neuromuscular disorders  and in Intensive Care Unit.

The validation of the method was obtained by comparing the lung volume changes obtained by Volumetric and Flow measuring Spirometers and chest wall total volumes by optoelectronic plethysmography during different maneuvers.

History 
This method has been developed at the Bioengineering Department of the Politecnico di Milano university by Andrea Aliverti and collaborators.

References

Medical equipment
Medical treatments
Optoelectronics
IRM. IRM may refer to:
 IERS Reference Meridian
 Illinois Railway Museum
 Illinois Reserve Militia, state defense force active during World War II
 Bureau of Information Resource Management, responsible for information technology of the U.S. Department of State
 Information Rights Management
 Intermediate Restorative Material (Dentistry) Zinc oxide eugenol
 L'Institut Royal Météorologique de Belgique
 Interference reflection microscopy, a microscopy method used to image adherent cells
 Internal Revenue Manual, an official compendium of internal guidelines for personnel of the United States Internal Revenue Service
 International Review of Mission, a quarterly academic journal
 International Roaming MIN assigned by IFAST
 IRM (album), by Charlotte Gainsbourg
 Iron Mountain Incorporated, a data storage company based in Boston, Massachusetts
 ICAO designator for Mahan Air, an Iranian airline
 Islamic Republic of Mauritania
 Irish Republican Movement

See also
 1RM
Carl Roman Abt. Carl Roman Abt (16 July 1850 – 1 May 1933) was a Swiss mechanical engineer, inventor and entrepreneur. He made groundbreaking innovations in rack-and-pinion railways, giving his name to one of the most widely used systems developed for mountain railways, the Abt rack system.

Biography
Abt was born on 16 July 1850 in Bünzen. In 1882, while working in Paris, he designed and patented his rack-railway system that enabled at least one tooth of the rack to be permanently engaged. It was first used at the Rübeland Railway in the Harz mountains (Germany).

Abt also developed the self-regulating Abt Switch for funicular railways and led the construction of 72 mountain railways worldwide including the Visp-Zermatt, Gornergrat, Furka Oberalp and Ferrovia Monte Generoso railways. The most famous railway built with the Abt system is the Arica–La Paz railway in Bolivia.

In 1903, as president of the Gotthardbahn company, Abt led buy-back negotiations with the German Confederation during the nationalisation of private railway companies. He received many honours, including an honorary doctorate (Doctor honoris causa) from the Technical University of Hannover and the John Scott Medal in 1889. He was also a patron and connoisseur of the arts, a member of the Swiss Federal Art Commission from 1904 to 1907 and the president of the Swiss Art Association from 1905 to 1911.

Pastimes
Abt was a keen collector of hammered gold artwork; he would not let go of any coin or medal whose special beauty aroused his artistic interest. His coin and art collection was auctioned off after his death.

Abt switch 

Abt switch is a railroad switch system invented by Carl Roman Abt. It is widely used in funicular railways. Railway vehicles used in the Abt switch don't have wheels with one flange as in ordinary railways, but instead use wheels with two flanges and wide wheels without flanges. Normally, two cars are used in a funicular, and it is a single track except for the passing loop. Each vehicle always passes the track on the same side at the passing loop, using wheels with two flanges on the outer side and wheels without flanges on the opposite side. The rail on the outside of the passing loop is sandwiched by the two flanges same as the rail in the single track section, and there is no break. The inner rails have cuts where the cable and flanges of the outer wheels pass. Wide wheels pass the cuts without hindrance. Unlike an ordinary railway switch, an Abt switch has no moving parts.

Gallery

References

Sources 
Herring, Peter (2000). Ultimate Train, Dorling Kindersley Limited, London, 2000, p. 144. 
Wägli, Hans G. (2005). Carl Roman Abt. In: Sieben Bergbahnpioniere. Zürich 2005. S. 23–34. Schweizer Pioniere der Wirtschaft und Technik. Bd. 81.

External links

Works about Carl Roman Abt in the catalogue of the Swiss National Library
World Rack Railways
Abt, Roman, Deutsche Biographie
 

1850 births
1933 deaths
People from Muri District
19th-century Swiss inventors
Swiss mechanical engineers
Swiss railway mechanical engineers
Swiss railway pioneers
Rack railways
20th-century Swiss engineers
19th-century Swiss engineers
Swiss expatriates in France
Ruler-class escort carrier. The Ruler class of escort aircraft carriers served with the Royal Navy during the Second World War. All twenty-three ships were built by the Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation in the United States as  escort carriers, supplied under Lend-Lease to the United Kingdom. They were the most numerous single class of aircraft carriers in service with the Royal Navy.

As built they were intended for three types of operations, "Assault" or strike, convoy escort, or aircraft ferry.

After the Second World War some of the escort carriers were scrapped, while others had their flight decks removed and were converted to merchant ships (and all eventually scrapped by the 1970s).

Design and description
These ships were all larger and had greater aircraft capacity than all preceding American built escort carriers. They were laid down as escort carriers and were not converted merchant ships. All the ships had a complement of 646 men and an overall length of , a beam of  and a draught of . Propulsion was provided by one shaft, two boilers and a steam turbine giving , which could propel the ship at .

Aircraft facilities were a small combined bridge–flight control on the starboard side, two aircraft  lifts, one aircraft catapult and nine arrestor wires. Aircraft could be housed in the  hangar below the flight deck. Armament comprised: two /50-calibre dual purpose guns in single mounts, sixteen  Bofors anti-aircraft guns in twin mounts and twenty  Oerlikon anti-aircraft cannon in single mounts. They had a maximum capacity for twenty-four carrier-based aircraft which could be a mixture of Grumman Martlet, an American carrier-based fighter aircraft, or Vought F4U Corsair, another type of American carrier-based fighter aircraft, or Hawker Sea Hurricane fighter aircraft (a navalised Hawker Hurricane fighter aircraft), and Fairey Swordfish torpedo bomber, or Grumman Avenger torpedo bomber / anti-submarine aircraft.

Ships

First group

 (crewed by the Royal Canadian Navy)

 X
 XX

 X

Second group

 XX
 X
 X
 XX

 X
 X (crewed by the Royal Canadian Navy) (torpedoed 22 August 1944, by U-354 west of the North Cape)
 X
 X

 XX
 X
 (torpedoed 15 January 1945, by U-1172 in the Clyde estuary).

X = Fitted for anti-submarine warfare.
XX = Fitted for strike-operations.
All the others were mainly used for aircraft transport with an added strike capability.

Notes

Bibliography

Escort aircraft carrier classes
Secondary animation. Secondary animation, also known as secondary motion, is flat motions generated as a reaction to the movement of primary motion by a character. It is significant in animation because it amplifies the character's motion via effects that appear to be driven by the motion, i.e. it makes the character's motion seem natural. Examples of secondary motion include the rippling of water, swish of a cloak, or jiggle of body parts when a person is moving. These passive effects have many degrees of freedom, and complex interactions with characters, thus making them hard to animate by hand (hand animation), or via computer software.

Techniques 

Creating a second motion requires using a technique called coupling that combines simulations of individual objects allowing them to interact together to produce secondary motion. The coupling can be divided into three categories: two-way coupled, one-way coupled, and hybrid.

 Two-way coupled - The purpose of a two-way coupled simulation is to model the interaction as realistically as possible given the component systems. Two-way interactions affect the two components, and the forces applied to one is mirrored by equal and opposite forces applied to the second. The actions of each system directly affect the other. However, the main drawback of this coupling method is the computation time required before the path of an object can be viewed. If simulated alone, the object can be viewed in real time allowing the animator to apply instant changes to its motion. When two simulations are coupled, the animator must wait before a motion can be viewed.
 One-way coupled - In the one-way coupled system, the interaction forces are applied only to the secondary system, leaving the primary one unaffected. This way of disregarding depends on the assumption that minimal effect will fall upon the primary system. This situation is likely to happen when one system's mass is greater than the other. One advantage of this coupling approach is that it allows the individual simulation of each system. Generally, it is also easier to implement than the two-way coupled system because only the secondary system is adjusted. It also permits the coupling where it is not possible or favorable to modify the primary system such as in the case of a hand-animated character. 
 Hybrid - A hybrid system is a concession between the accuracy of the two-way coupling system and the speed of the one-way coupling. Instead of completely ignoring the effect of the interaction on the primary system, a small approximation from the secondary system is allowed to interact with the primary system. The design and parameters of the approximation provide the animator with additional controls, and because the hybrid coupling is supposed to provide a shorter debug cycle time for the primary system than the two-way coupling method, the animator may interactively modify these parameters until the desired result is reached.

References

Animation
Fuel filter. A fuel filter is a filter used to screen out foreign particles or liquids from the fuel. Most internal combustion engines use a fuel filter, in order to protect the components in the fuel system.

Filters for foreign particles 
Unfiltered fuel may contain several kinds of contamination, for example paint chips and dirt that has entered the fuel tank while filling, or rust caused by moisture in a steel tank. If these substances are not removed before the fuel enters the system, they will cause rapid wear and failure of the fuel pump and injectors.

The filters are normally made into cartridges containing a filter paper. Fuel filters need to be maintained or replaced at regular intervals.

Filters for foreign liquids 
Some diesel engines use a bowl-like design to collect water in the bottom of the filter (as diesel floats on top of water). The water can then be drained off by opening a valve in the bottom of the bowl and letting it run out, until only the fuel remains.

See also

 Fuel pump
 Fuel tank
 List of auto parts

References

Filters
Engine components
SDM. 

Technology 
 Sigma-delta modulation
 Seed-based d mapping, a meta-analytic method for neuroimaging.
 Software development methodology
 Cap Gemini SDM, a software system development method originally written by PANDATA.
 Sparse distributed memory
 Space-division multiplexing

Transportation 
 Brown Field Municipal Airport, San Diego, US, IATA designator
 Shieldmuir railway station, Scotland, National Rail code
 Stadium MRT station, Singapore, MRT station abbreviation
 Watergardens railway station, Melbourne, code

Other 
 Scarlet Devil Mansion, a location in the danmaku video-game series Touhou Project
 Shared decision-making in medicine
 Shoppers Drug Mart, a Canadian pharmacy chain
 Slovenian Democratic Youth ()
 Sociedade de Desenvolvimento Mineiro de Angola, a mining company
 Squad designated marksman
 Squared deviations from the mean, in mathematics
 Standard days method, a calendar-based method of contraception
 Sub-divisional magistrate, India
 SDM, French rapper
SFE. SFE may refer to:

 Sales force effectiveness
 San Fernando Airport (Philippines) IATA code
 Scottish Financial Enterprise, trade body for the financial services sector in Scotland 
 Scouts for Equality, advocates for scouts and leaders in the Boy Scouts of America 
 Secure function evaluation, in cryptography 
 Sigma Phi Epsilon
 Shannon-Fano-Elias coding, a lossless data compression algorithm
 Society of Fuse Engineers, designers of certain automotive fuses
 Solar flare effect
 SparkFun Electronics
 Spec Files Extra, a way to build common packages for OpenSolaris or OpenIndiana
 Stacking-fault energy
 Student Finance England, see Student Loans Company
 Supercritical fluid extraction
 Supplier-furnished equipment
 Surface free energy, often referred to as Surface energy
 Sydney Futures Exchange, now merged with the Australian Stock Exchange to become the Australian Securities Exchange
 The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
Sips. SIPS or Sips may refer to any of the following:

Secure Session Initiation Protocol transported over TCP/TLS
Side Impact Protection System
SIPS surgery, a type of bariatric surgery
Smart Inorganic Polymers
Spina iliaca posterior superior
Structural insulated panel
Super-IPS TFT LCD panel type, a more advanced version of the IPS LCD Panels. Developed by Hitachi
Systemically Important Payment Systems
Society for the Improvement of Psychological Science
Chris Lovasz, online streamer and member of The Yogscast
TINA-C. TINA-C stands for Telecommunication Information Networking Architecture Consortium. It was an attempt (started in 1992) by several actors in the telecommunication world to define, design and realize a software architecture for the telecommunication infrastructure. The consortium has defined a number of specifications and has organized several experiments and demos. 

TINA-C is partly based on the Advanced Networked Systems Architecture (ANSA) standard developed by Andrew Herbert.

From 1993-1997 TINA specifications where developed by a core team of experts residing in Red Bank, New Jersey. Core team members were employees of the member companies assigned to work for the consortium. From 1998-2000 the consortium consisted of a Technical Architecture Board that met frequently, with work being conducted in several working groups.

The consortium disbanded in 2000.

Member Companies
The following organizations were at one time members of TINA-C:

Alcatel
Alcatel
AT&T
Bellcore
BT
Deutsche Telekom
DEC
Ericsson
France Telecom
GPT
HP
IBM
Korea Telecom
KPN
Lucent
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone
Nokia
Siemens
SPRINT
 STL research lab for Nortel Networks
Telefonica
Telecom Italia / CSELT
Telstra
Telenor

Bibliography 
 Appeldorn, Menso, Roberto Kung, and Roberto Saracco. "Tmn+ in= tina." IEEE Communications Magazine 31.3 (1993): 78-85.

External links
TINA-C Official website

Telecommunications organizations
Profiling. Profiling, the extrapolation of information about something, based on known qualities, may refer specifically to:

Technology
Profiling (information science) in information science
Profiling (computer programming) in software engineering
DNA profiling

Other
Author profiling
Data profiling
Forensic profiling, used in several types of forensic science
Offender profiling
Racial profiling
Sexual orientation profiling
Geographic profiling

See also
Profile (disambiguation)