omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Munching square. The Munching Square is a display hack dating back to the PDP-1 (ca. 1962, reportedly discovered by Jackson Wright), which employs a trivial computation (repeatedly plotting the graph Y = X XOR T for successive values of T) to produce an impressive display of moving and growing squares that devour the screen. The initial value of T is treated as a parameter, which, when well-chosen, can produce amazing effects. Some of these, later (re)discovered on the LISP machine, have been christened munching triangles (using bitwise AND instead of XOR, and toggling points instead of plotting them), munching w's, and munching mazes. More generally, suppose a graphics program produces an impressive and ever-changing display of some basic form, foo, on a display terminal, and does it using a relatively simple program; then the program (or the resulting display) is likely to be referred to as munching foos.

References

External links 
 Video of the original Munching Squares demo running on a PDP-1
 Munching Squares at MathWorld

See also
 HAKMEM
 The Munch module of the open source XScreenSaver collection.

History of software
Screensavers
Novelty software
Gun Carriage Factory Jabalpur. Gun Carriage Factory Jabalpur, also known as GCF Jabalpur is a defence factory and a census town in Jabalpur district in the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. Located in the scenic surroundings of the Satpura Range, this small government township is built around its namesake defence establishment. It is about 3 km from the Jabalpur City railway station, and is also closely connected to the city. It is surrounded by other defense establishments. Within the estate, there are central schools, hospitals, churches, temples and clubs.

History
The Gun Carriage Factory was started in the year 1904 by the British in India. This Factory is the oldest Ordnance factory in entire Central India, apart from GCF there are Ordnance factory Khamaria, Vehicle Factory, Jabalpur and Grey Iron Foundry located in Jabalpur. This is one of the 40 odd defense manufacturing units governed by the Ordnance Factory Board. It caters to the needs of all three wings on the Indian defense forces, the Indian Army, the Indian Navy, and the Indian Air Force. Apart from the 3 Armed Forces it also caters to the needs of paramilitary forces such as CISF, CRPF, BSF, ITBP, state police etc.

GCF Jabalpur Census Town has total administration over 2,136 houses to which it supplies basic amenities like water and sewerage. It is also authorize to build roads within GCF Jabalpur Census Town limits and impose taxes on properties coming under its jurisdiction.

Facilities

Schools 
The estate has two central schools, also called Kendriya Vidyalayas, and a Government Higher Secondary school near Vidyanagar.

Church 
This estate has one of the famous Jabalpur Church, the GCF Church.

Temples
This estate has two of the famous Jabalpur temples, the Patbaba temple and the Adi Parashakti temple GCF also known as Kali Mandir, was established in 1903, Located in madras line, this temple was renovated in May–June 2012.

Clubs 
GCF Estate has one Club namely GCF Senior Club Established in 1925.

Demographics

As of the 2011 Census of India, G.C.F Jabalpur had a population of 9,285 of which 4,862 are males while 4,423 are females.

Males constitute 52.36% of the population and females 47.64%. The population of children within the age group of 0-6 is 833 which is 8.97 % of total population. The, Female-Male sex ratio is 910 against the state average of 931. Moreover, the child sex ratio is around 924 compared to the state average of 918. G.C.F Jabalpur has an average literacy rate of 84%, higher than the national average of 69.5%.

Literacy rate of GCF Jabalpur city is 90.84 % higher than state average of 69.32 %. Here, the male literacy is around 94.58 % while female literacy rate is 86.73 %.

Products

References

External links 
 Gun Carriage Factory website 
 Indian Ordnance Factories: Gun Carriage Factory

Cities and towns in Jabalpur district
Economy of Madhya Pradesh
Defence companies of India
Populated places established in 1904
Indian companies established in 1904
Manufacturing companies established in 1904
Trauzl lead block test. The Trauzl lead block test, also called the Trauzl test, or just Trauzl, is a test used to measure the strength of explosive materials. It was developed by Isidor Trauzl in 1885.

The test is performed by loading a 10-gram foil-wrapped sample of the explosive into a hole drilled into a lead block with specific dimensions and properties (a soft lead cylinder, 200 mm diameter and 200 mm high, with the hole 125 mm deep, and 25 mm diameter). The hole is then topped up with sand, and the sample is detonated electrically. After detonation, the volume increase of the cavity is measured. The result, given in cm3, is called the Trauzl number of the explosive.

The Trauzl test is not useful for some modern higher-powered explosives as their power often cracks or otherwise ruptures the lead block, leaving no hole to measure.

A variant of the test uses an aluminium block to avoid exposure of participants to lead-related hazards.

Examples

Explosive power of chemical explosives by Trauzl number:

Notes

Explosives engineering
Willesden Traction Maintenance Depot. Willesden Traction Maintenance Depot (TMD) is a railway locomotive and electric multiple unit traction maintenance depot, situated in Harlesden, north London. The depot is situated next to the West Coast Main Line, to the south-east of Willesden Junction station and on the way into London Euston station. The depot code is WN.

History
The original locomotive servicing facility at Willesden was on the south side of the main line, west of the station, which closed in 1965. It was replaced by the present facility.

Shed layout
The current depot was designed in the 1960s to service electric locomotive classes AL1 to AL6 (TOPS classes 81, 82, 83, 84, 85 and 86); subsequently, in the early 1970s, Class 87s were included. It consists of six parallel shed roads, each holding four locomotives inside the shed, and several arrivals and departure sidings externally. There is also a road that runs round to the north of the shed, which provides access to the fuel siding; for many years, this was used only for the occasional fuelling of diesel shunters and also to the DC lines of Willesden Junction Low Level station, which is used to move multiple units from the shed onto the North London Line after servicing.

The arrival and departure sidings contain two connections to the West Coast main line onto the up slow line. At the east end of the depot, there is a trailing crossover to permit access onto the down slow line when coming off depot.

Facilities

These include offices, a workshop and reasonably large stores. The workshop contains high quality facilities for pantograph overhaul, tap-changer overhaul and brake equipment test and servicing.

In more recent years, especially since the loss of AC electric locomotives, the fuel siding was promoted to other train operators as a facility at Willesden and a means to generate some revenue, this meant for instance that Gospel Oak to Barking line DMUs did not need to travel to Bletchley TMD and back each night for 'A' examinations and fuelling which could instead be carried out at Willesden.

Allocation
Class 09
Class 378
Class 710

Previously allocated classes
Class 82
Class 83
Class 86
Class 87

See also
List of British Railways shed codes

References 

Railway depots in London
Buildings and structures in the London Borough of Brent
Willesden
Longsight Diesel TMD. Longsight Diesel TMD is a railway diesel locomotive traction maintenance depot (TMD) situated in Longsight, Manchester, England. The depot code is LO. The depot is located  south of Manchester Piccadilly on the eastern side of the line to Stockport. There are various roads in which individual train sets can be overhauled.

History
In 1987, the depot had an allocation of Class 08s and DMUs, although Classes 31 and 47 could also be seen stabled at the depot.

Allocation and services
In 1979 Longsight supplied shunters to ten different locations. Locally three Air-Braked locos covered operations as depot pilot, at Mayfield parcels depot and also Trafford Park Container terminal with this turn also covering operations at Manchester International Freight Terminal. Five further shunters were outstationed to Guide Bridge working Dewsnap Yard and Ashburys Yard. Further afield one shunter worked Stockport carriage and parcels sidings while another operated freight trips in the Buxton area. To cover these operations, Longsight had an allocation of 14 Class 08 shunters, while in the same year there were 19 Class 25s and 40 Class 40s allocated there as well, plus DMUs of classes 100 and 108. In the following year there were no passenger train duties planned for Class 25 locomotives based at Longsight, but there were a variety of diagrams for Class 40s predmonantly on summer-only services from Manchester to destinations in North Wales.

Locomotives at Longsight changed in line with the general motive power developments in British Rail in the 1980s so that by 1985 there were 7 Class 31s which replaced the Class 25s, and the Class 40s were down to a single locomotive (based at Kingmoor) thus ending the long association of Longsight with this class. The allocation of Class 08 shunters had risen to 17 although one of these was stored in an unserviceable condition. All of the DMU allocation had also been moved away, but the Class 118s that were being converted for parcels use were provisionally shown as allocated to Longsight. For the locomotives the Class 31's, like the Class 25's, were not diagrammed for any passenger trains, and with the demise of the Class 40s the North Wales traffic had been taken over by Class 45s from Toton, meaning that there were no passenger trains diagrammed for haulage by diesel locomotives based at Longsight.

The changes of the 1980s were almost complete by 1986 as the only locomotives allocated to Longsight were 14 Class 08 shunters, and the only other allocation were the 2-car Class 118 units that had been converted for parcels use, the main-line diesels having been reallocated elsewhere or withdrawn.

See also
Longsight Electric TMD

References

Citations

References

Other sources

External links

Railway depots in England
Buildings and structures in Manchester
Rail transport in Greater Manchester
Longsight Electric TMD. Longsight Electric TMD is an AC electric railway locomotive traction maintenance depot situated in Longsight, Manchester, England. It is one of the largest train depots in the United Kingdom and can hold 179 carriages at any one time.

History
Erected in 1842 by the Manchester and Birmingham Railway, the depot consisted of workshops, a carriage shed and the first engine shed; this included a 12-stall polygon, or roundhouse, about 130ft in diameter.

In 1987, the depot had an allocation of Classes 303 and 304 EMUs, although electric locomotives of Classes 81, 85, 86 and 87 were also regularly seen stabled here.

A group of Class 86 locomotives were allocated here in the 1990s and early 2000s to operate Virgin Cross Country's electric services.

Present
The depot is used currently by TransPennine Express, Northern Trains, Avanti West Coast and CrossCountry. 

Overnight, Northern Trains stores a mixture of DMUs, such as Class 150 and Class 195, and CrossCountry stables several Class 220 or Class 221 Voyager sets. TransPennine Express stores their Class 397 trains overnight at the depot 

Avanti West Coast maintains part of its Class 390 Pendolino fleet at the depot, with a maximum of 15 Class 390s stabled per night. The facility operates on a maintenance rota for the fleet. Twelve sets arrive at the facility each evening to undergo maintenance before being released the following evening, with a further three sets being stabled for periodic maintenance exams or heavy overhaul.

See also
Longsight Diesel TMD
Manchester International Depot

References

Sources

Railway depots in England
Buildings and structures in Manchester
Rail transport in Greater Manchester
Philipp Mohr. Philipp Mohr is an American architect, artist, author, and industrial designer.

He's known for designing celebrity homes such as the New York apartment of German film director Tom Tykwer. In collaboration with other designers, he created several acclaimed industrial design and art objects. He studied architecture and fine arts at the Bauhaus University Weimar, Polytechnic University Milano and Cooper Union. In 2000 Mohr designed the Metaring, a computer-generated and machine-milled piece of jewelry. In 2004, he collaborated with Tobi Wong on a series of diamond clad industrial designs. Mohr participated in the 2004 group show at Terminal 5 (exhibition) together with Tobias Wong and their Diamond Project, the Killer Ring, Dimemond, Hidden Diamond Ring and Diamond Skull were featured in that exhibition. 
In collaboration with design partner Ju$t Another Rich Kid, he created a series of conceptual jewelry. In 2013 Mohr collaborated with John Erik Karkula and designed the acclaimed furniture showroom in Williamsburg, Brooklyn. In 2018 Philipp Mohr Design Studio received a Dezeen Awards nomination for the renovation of a Le Corbusier apartment in Berlin. The renovation was a first realization of Le Corbusier’s design according to original plans.

References

External links
 p. 124-133,144-157,212
 p. 160
 Mohr,Philipp,Café Corbusier – eine Rekonstruktion in Berlin,edition Kronzeugen,Rauderfehn, 2021
 p. 171
Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Germany, Sophia Loren, 23.09.1997, Wirtschaft
Pforzheimer Zeitung, Schmuck aus Computer, 22,12,2000, nr.96, p.10
Wallpaper Magazine, USA, This best of the rest, Heavy Metal, 09/2000, p.214
Intramuros International Design, Nr. 95, June 2001, p. 82
World Of Dreams- Joallerie,Nr. 8, Mars 2001, p. 112
A World Of Dreams,The Scoop, 05,2001, p. 52
SURFACE Magazine USA, Smooth Moves, 2001, Nr. 9, p.98
OTTAGONO magazine,Italy, 2002, Metaring, p.45
NYC, Meat Market, New York City Guide, 01,2002,Philippe Mohr, pp. 58-59
https://das-blaettchen.de/2022/06/cafe-corbusier-%E2%80%93-ein-gelungenes-debuet-61798.html
Specchio, La Stampa, Nr. 242, Septiembre 2000,p.137
Frame, Nr. 42, 2005, p.64
Noblesse, Nr.2, 12, 2002, p.87-90
GZ Art and Design, Germany, Metaring, 09,2003, p.83
Shanghai Daily, Design by clicks, 05,07.2004, p.20
International Design Yearbook, Nr.18, 2003 p.51
Stadtmagazin DATEs, 04,1994,forum novum, FEZ bis spaet, p.39
Casa BRUTUS, Design Magazin, Architecture, 2018, vol. 223, p.166
CUBE Das Berliner Magazin, 2018, 03, pp. 56-57
CUBE Das Berliner Magazin, 2018, 04, pp. 43-44
Abitare 579, 2018, pp. 96-103

Living people
1972 births
20th-century American architects
American industrial designers
20th-century German artists
20th-century German architects
Polytechnic University of Milan alumni
German industrial designers
Architects from New York City
American LGBTQ artists
American Airlines Flight 444. American Airlines Flight 444 was a scheduled American Airlines flight from Chicago to Washington, D.C.'s National Airport. On November 15, 1979, the Boeing 727 serving the flight was attacked by Ted Kaczynski (also known as the Unabomber), who sent a pipe bomb in the mail and set it to detonate at a certain altitude.  The bomb partially detonated in the cargo hold and caused "a sucking explosion and a loss of pressure," which was then followed by large quantities of smoke filling the passenger cabin, forcing the pilots to make an emergency landing at Dulles International Airport. Twelve passengers had to be treated afterward for smoke inhalation.

Bombing a commercial airliner, especially one flying through an interstate route as Flight 444 was at the time, and still is, a federal criminal offense. After the incident, the FBI was quickly called in to investigate. The FBI investigators assigned to the case found similarities between the still relatively intact pipe bomb and two bombs that had previously detonated at Northwestern University. This prompted federal authorities to assign the name "Unabomber" (for University and Airline Bomber) to the then-unknown suspect, and sparked one of the longest and most expensive manhunts in FBI history, which ended 17 years later with Kaczynski being arrested and charged in 1996.

References

External links 

Failed airliner bombings
Unabomber targets
Airliner accidents and incidents in Washington, D.C.
Airliner accidents and incidents in Illinois
Failed terrorist attempts in the United States
444
Aviation accidents and incidents in the United States in 1979
1979 in Washington, D.C.
1979 in Illinois
Airliner bombings in the United States
Crimes in Illinois
Crimes in Washington, D.C.
November 1979 in the United States
Terrorist incidents in the United States in 1979
Accidents and incidents involving the Boeing 727
1979 in Virginia
Storage violation. In computing a storage violation is a hardware or software fault that occurs when a task attempts to access an area of computer storage which it is not permitted to access.

Types of storage violation
Storage violation can, for instance, consist of reading from, writing to, or freeing storage not owned by the task.  A common type of storage violation is known as a stack buffer overflow where a program attempts to exceed the limits set for its call stack. It can also refer to attempted modification of memory "owned" by another thread where there is incomplete (or no) memory protection.

Avoidance of storage violations
Storage violations can occur in transaction systems such as CICS in circumstances where it is possible to write to storage not owned by the transaction; such violations can be reduced by enabling features such as storage protection and transaction isolation.

Detection of storage violations
Storage violations can be difficult to detect as a program can often run for a period of time after the violation before it crashes. For example, a pointer to a freed area of memory can be retained and later reused causing an error. As a result, efforts focus on detecting violations as they occur, rather than later when the problem is observed.

In systems such as CICS, storage violations are sometimes detected (by the CICS kernel) by the use of "signatures", which can be tested to see if they have been overlaid.

An alternative  runtime library may be used to better detect storage violations, at the cost of additional overhead.
Some programming languages use software bounds checking to prevent these occurrences.

Some program debugging software will also detect violations during testing.

Common causes
A runaway subscript leading to illegal use of reference modification during run time.
Linkage layout mismatch between called and the calling elements. 
Use of previously freed (and sometimes already re-allocated) memory.

Examples of software detecting storage violations
Intertest originally from Online Software International, later Computer Associates

See also
Segmentation fault

References

CICS problem determination Guide

External links
https://plus.google.com/u/1/collection/wUwasB Marketing material for other product detecting storage violations

Computer memory
Memory management
Amand Struve. Amand Yegorovich Struve (; 30 May 1835 – 12 September 1898) was a Baltic German military engineer and bridge specialist of Russian Empire.

Struve's relatives included diplomats, engineers, government officials and military officers. He was a graduate of the main artillery school of the Imperial Russian Army and received his engineering education at the Nikolaevsky Engineer Academy.

From 1858 to 1862 he was chief of construction of the Moscow-Nizhny Novgorod Railway, which was opened from Moscow to Vladimir on 14 (26 New Style) June 1861 and to Nizhny Novgorod on 1 (13) August 1862.

In 1863 he established workshops at Kolomna to manufacture iron structures for bridge spans. This facility was converted in 1871 to manufacture machinery under the name A. Struve, Kolomna Maschinenfabrik with his brother Gustav as manager. This was the forerunner of today's Kolomensky Zavod (German: Lokomotivfabrik Kolomna).

Struve was chief of construction in 1864-65 of the Oka bridge of the Moscow-Ryazan Railway, the first bridge in Russia intended for both railway and road traffic. He next supervised construction of a section of the Moscow-Kursk Railway; this road was opened from Moscow to Kursk on 17 (29) September 1868.

From 1868 to 1870 Struve was chief of construction of the Struve Bridge on the Dnieper at Kiev. This was the first Russian bridge in which the foundation was laid using the caisson method. His subsequent bridge projects included the Dnieper bridge at Kremenchug (1870–72), the Liteiny Bridge on the Neva at St. Petersburg (1875–79), and the Alexandrovsky Bridge on the Volga at Syzran (1876-1880).

Upon completion of the Liteiny Bridge in 1879, Struve was promoted to Major General. When his brother Gustav died in 1882 he assumed management of the works at Kolomna.In Kiev Struve built a central sewerage system, horse-pulled railway (1885–86), the first electric tramway in the Russian Empire (1891–92), and a gas-powered street lighting system.

Promoted to Lieutenant General in 1896, Struve died at Kolomna on 31 August (12 September) 1898.

External links
  Article in Zerkalo Nedeli Newspaper

1835 births
1898 deaths
Civil engineers from the Russian Empire

Baltic-German people from the Russian Empire
Military engineers of the Russian Empire
19th-century engineers from the Russian Empire
Amand
Aircraft Situation Display to Industry. The Aircraft Situation Display to Industry (or ASDI) data stream is a service made available through the U.S. Department of Transportation's Volpe Transportation Center. In 1991, data on the location of aircraft was made available by the Federal Aviation Administration to the airline industry.  The ASDI stream consists of data elements which show the position and flight plans of all aircraft in U.S. and optionally, UK airspace.  Elements include the location, altitude, airspeed, destination, estimated time of arrival and tail number or designated identifier of air carrier and general aviation aircraft operating on IFR flight plans within U.S. airspace. Aircraft owners and operators may request limited dissemination of such data, after which a particular aircraft is deemed "ASDI-blocked", however weak encryption of ACARS data means that in practice aircraft operational data can still be captured and decoded using simple equipment.

A preceding system, the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE) air defense network, utilized flight plans matched to radar returns, continuously and automatically, to aid in identifying aircraft. Computer programs recorded the number of times an aircraft deviated from its assigned course and notified appropriate personnel each time a deviation occurred. IBM and MITRE Corporation were the developers of the SAGE system.  Much of MITRE's subsequent air traffic control collaboration with the FAA was based on SAGE system developments.

References

External links 
 Information site for the ASDI data stream (hosted by the FAA)

Aviation in the United States
Air traffic control