omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Paul K. Chu. Paul K. Chu (朱劍豪) is a specialist in plasma surface modification and materials science. He is Chair Professor of Materials Engineering in the Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering at City University of Hong Kong.

Biography
He received his BS in mathematics (cum laude) from the Ohio State University in 1977 and MS and PhD in chemistry from Cornell University in 1979 and 1982, respectively.

He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS), American Vacuum Society (AVS), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and Materials Research Society (MRS).  He has received more than 30 research / technical awards including the IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences (NPSS) Merit Award in 2007, MRS (Taiwan) JW Mayer Lectureship in 2008, Shanghai (China) Natural Science First Class Award 中國上海自然科學一等獎 in 2011, Chinese Ministry of Education Natural Science First Class Award 中國教育部自然科學一等獎 in 2017, Hubei Province (China) Natural Science Second Class Award 中國湖北省自然科學二等獎 in 2018, and Anhui Province (China) Science and Technology Third Class Award 中國安徽省科學技術三等獎 in 2020. He was awarded Leading Talents of Guangdong Province of China (中國廣東省領軍人才) and Thousand Talents of China (中國國家千人).  He is a highly cited researcher in materials science / cross-field, according to Web of Science / Clarivate Analytics.

He is a Fellow of the Hong Kong Academy of Engineering (HKAE) (formerly Hong Kong Academy of Engineering Sciences) (香港工程院院士) and Hong Kong Institution of Engineers (HKIE).

He is Chairman of the International Plasma-Based Ion Implantation Executive Committee, which organizes the International Workshop on Plasma-Based Ion Implantation and Deposition (PBII&D), and a member of the Ion Implantation Technology (IIT) International Committee in charge of the International Conference on Ion Implantation Technology.

He holds or has held honorary/visiting professorships in 17 universities and research institutes in China, including Peking University, Fudan University, Nanjing University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Harbin Institute of Technology, and Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Publications
He has authored / co-authored more than 2,500 journal papers and given more than 150 plenary, keynote, and invited talks at international scientific conferences.  He is co-author of one book, co-editor of eight books, and co-author of more than 40 book chapters on plasma science and engineering, advanced materials, and nanotechnology.  He has received 15 best paper awards.

Patents
He has been granted more than 30 patents.

References

External links
Personal website
Plasma Laboratory website
CityU Scholars

Cornell University alumni
Fellows of the IEEE
Academic staff of the City University of Hong Kong
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Tomoyuki Nishita. is a professor at the University of Tokyo.  Dr. Nishita received a research award for computer graphics from the Information Processing Society of Japan in 1987, and also received the Steven Anson Coons Award from the ACM SIGGRAPH in 2005. 
 
He is one of the pioneers of the method of radiosity (also soft shadows).  His research on computer graphics includes lighting simulation, rendering, shading, natural phenomena, curved surface, non-photorealistic rendering (NPR), morphing, interactive rendering, and WebGraphics.

Nishita received his BE, ME and Ph.D in engineering in 1971, 1973, and 1985, respectively, from  Hiroshima University.
He worked at Fukuyama University from 1979 to 1998.
He was an associate researcher in the Engineering Computer Graphics Laboratory at Brigham Young University from 1988 to 1989.
He has lectured at the University of Tokyo since 1994, and has been a professor in the Department of Complexity Science and Engineering at the university since 1998.
He has written 17 SIGGRAPH papers and 18 EUROGRAPHICS papers.

He was a member of the editorial board of the IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics. He was a president of the IIEEJ (Institute of Image and Electronics Engineers of Japan).

External links
 Tomoyuki Nishita Homepage

Computer graphics researchers
Japanese computer scientists
Computer graphics professionals
1949 births
Living people
Academic staff of the University of Tokyo
Brigham Young University staff
Hiroshima University alumni
Bill Tindall. Howard Wilson "Bill" Tindall, Jr. (February 20, 1925 – November 20, 1995) was an American aerospace engineer, NASA engineer and manager. He was an early expert in orbital mechanics and coordinated mission techniques during the Apollo program. In the words of flight director Gene Kranz, Tindall "was pretty much the architect for all of the techniques that we used to go down to the surface of the Moon."

Born in New York City in 1925, Tindall grew up in Scituate, Massachusetts and graduated from Scituate High School in 1943. He enlisted in the Navy and served on destroyers in the Pacific, where he became interested in engineering. Tindall earned a Bachelor of Science degree from Brown University in 1948.

On graduating, Tindall took a job at the Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia, which was part of the National Advisory Committee on Aeronautics, a government agency devoted to aeronautical research. Tindall worked on wind tunnel instrumentation.

Tindall's entry into the field of aerospace engineering came when he took a position working on Project Echo, an early communications satellite. He became an expert in the field of orbital mechanics, helping to determine trajectories during Project Mercury and to plan rendezvous techniques during Project Gemini.

During the Apollo program, Tindall was appointed Chief of Apollo Data Priority Coordination. Catherine Osgood, an aerospace engineer who worked with TIndall at NASA, noted that "Bill would just dive into any problem he found, no matter where it was". In practice, Tindall's responsibilities were wide-ranging. He chaired meetings between astronauts, mission controllers, design engineers, contractors, and other relevant parties, adjudicating disagreements and overseeing the details of planning mission techniques.

Tindall was known for the colloquial and entertaining tone of his memos, which were widely referred to as "Tindallgrams." One memo was simply titled "Vent bent descent, lament."

Tindall died November 20, 1995, at the age of 70.

Notes

References

External links

 

 Photo of Tindall from the blog post The thousand-ring circus published 16 July 2019.

1925 births
1995 deaths
American aerospace engineers
Tindall, Bill
People from Scituate, Massachusetts
Engineers from New York City
20th-century American engineers
Brown University School of Engineering alumni
Ian Pratt (computer scientist). Ian Pratt is a British computer scientist. He was the chief architect of the open-source Xen project, and chairman of Xen.org. He was also the founder of XenSource, the company behind Xen project. After XenSource was acquired by Citrix, he became vice president of Advanced Virtualization Products at this company, until leaving in 2011. He then became the CEO of Bromium. Bromium was eventually acquired by HP Inc in 2019, and he became the Global Head of Security at HP. 

Before working full-time at XenSource, Pratt was a senior lecturer at the University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory where he taught undergraduate courses and supervised PhD students, and was a Fellow of King's College, Cambridge. He was the leader of the Systems Research Group, where he was also part of the XenoServer project that lead to the creation of the Xen hypervisor. He co-founded Nemesys Research Ltd, a company that broadcast video over ATM networks, which was acquired by FORE Systems in 1997.

He received the Academy Silver Medal in 2009 and was elected to Royal Academy of Engineering in 2012. He resides in Cambridge, UK.

References

External links
 Ian Pratt's former website at the University of Cambridge
 Interview with Brian Gammadge at Gartner.com, 2 May 2008
 Ian Pratt's HP biography 

British computer scientists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Nikolay Pilyugin. Nikolai Alekseevich Pilyugin (; , Krasnoye Selo - August 2, 1982) was a Soviet chief designer of rocket guidance systems.

He was a designer of control systems for boosters and spacecraft.

He participated in design of the first ICBM "R-7" and Soviet space shuttle Buran.

A graduate of the Baumann higher technical school (MVTU), Pilyugin worked at the Zhukovsky Central Institute of Aerohydrodynamics (TsAGI) starting in 1934, then joined RNII the Institute of Jet Propulsion.  In 1945, he joined Boris Chertok at the RABE institute in Germany, studying the design of the V-2 and other Nazi weaponry.

In 1946, he along with Mikhail Ryazansky headed the newly formed NII-885.  Pilyugin developed gyroscopic guidance control systems and flight control computers for Soviet rockets beginning with the R-1 (a copy of the V-2).

Pilyugin was one of the 72 members of the Soviet Academy of Sciences who signed a statement denouncing the award of the Nobel Peace Prize to Andrei D. Sakharov in 1975. The signatories of this statement criticized Sakharov's activities, because these activities undermined peace and inspired distrust between people.

Awards
 Twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1956, 1961)
 Lenin Prize (1957)
 USSR State Prize (1967)
 Order of Lenin (1956, 1958, 1968, 1975, 1978)
 Order of the October Revolution (1971)
 Deputy to the Supreme Soviet of the USSR 7th - 10th convocations.

Further reading 
 J. K. Golovanov, M., "Korolev: Facts and myths", Nauka, 1994, ;
 "Rockets and people" – B. E. Chertok, M: "mechanical engineering", 1999.  ;
 "Testing of rocket and space technology - the business of my life" Events and facts - A.I. Ostashev, Korolyov, 2001.;
 "Bank of the Universe" - edited by Boltenko A. C., Kyiv, 2014., publishing house "Phoenix", 
 A.I. Ostashev, Sergey Pavlovich Korolyov - The Genius of the 20th Century — 2010 M. of Public Educational Institution of Higher Professional Training MGUL .
 Nikolay Pilyugin //Family history
 "S. P. Korolev. Encyclopedia of life and creativity" - edited by C. A. Lopota, RSC Energia. S. P. Korolev, 2014

References

1908 births
1982 deaths
People from Krasnoye Selo
Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
Heroes of Socialist Labour
Recipients of the Lenin Prize
Recipients of the USSR State Prize
Soviet aerospace engineers
Soviet inventors
Soviet space program personnel
Bauman Moscow State Technical University alumni
Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute employees
Short Scylla. The Short L.17 Scylla was a British four-engined 39-seat biplane airliner designed and built by Short Brothers at the request of Imperial Airways to supplement the Handley Page H.P.42 fleet already in service after Handley Page quoted an excessive price for two additional H.P.42s. They were ordered in 1933.

Imperial Airways used the Scylla for scheduled flights from London to Paris and other European cities. Two aircraft were built, Scylla (G-ACJJ) and Syrinx (G-ACJK). Both served with the airline, until its merger into BOAC in 1939, when both were taken out of service the following year, Scylla after being wrecked and Syrinx being scrapped.

Design and development
The Scylla was a land-based development of the Short Kent (S.17) flying boat which used the Kent's flying surfaces on a new fuselage. It was an all-metal biplane with a wingspan of  powered originally by four Bristol Jupiter XFBM radial engines mounted on vertical struts between the upper and lower planes. The square-section fuselage was mounted below the lower wing while the tail had a single fin and rudder with a horizontal stabilizer mounted mid way up. The Scylla was originally fitted with a Flettner-type trim tab mounted on arms extended out from the rudder's trailing edge to reduce control forces. An experimental servo tab mounted on the trailing edge of the rudder was also tested, on G-ACJJ Scylla which led to a patent application submitted jointly by Shorts and Dudley Lloyd Parkes on 7 August 1936.

The main undercarriage had one fixed wheel on each side, mounted on three diagonally-braced struts, one to the upper and two to the lower edge of the fuselage; there was a single tailwheel. Ailerons were fitted to both upper and lower wings.

The engine nacelles were designed to receive Bristol Jupiter, Pegasus or Perseus engines without modification, This later enabled the two inboard Jupiters of G-ACJK Syrinx to be easily replaced with Perseus IIL sleeve valve engines, to test their performance in airline conditions. Syrinx was fitted with four Pegasus XC engines when it was rebuilt after it had been severely damaged when blown over by crosswinds while taxiing at Brussels airport.

Operators

Imperial Airways

Specifications

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography
 
 

 
 
 

1930s British airliners
Biplanes
Short Brothers aircraft
Four-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1934
Four-engined piston aircraft
Tata Interactive Systems. Tata Interactive Systems (TIS) was an Indian developer of custom e-learning based in Mumbai, India. It was founded by Sanjaya Sharma in 1990. The company was acquired by MPS Limited (a publishing and content platform developer) in June 2018. The company was represented across the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Brazil, the Middle East, India, the United Kingdom, The Netherlands and Switzerland. TIS' offered corporations, universities, schools, publishers and government institutions training including simulations, story based learning, courseware and curriculum design & development, special-needs education, assessment tools, electronic performance support systems (EPSS), mobile learning, game-based learning, consulting services and training outsourcing services. Until the acquisition, TIS was a part of the $100 billion Tata Group. 

TIS was the only e-learning organization in the world to be assessed at Level 5 in both the SEI-CMM (Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute’s Capability Maturity Model) and P-CMM (People-Capability Maturity Model) frameworks.

History 
Tata Interactive Systems was founded in 1990 as part of the Tata Group, with Sanjaya Sharma serving as its founder and CEO. In 2013, it had acquired Tertia Edusoft AG (Switzerland) and Tertia Edusoft GmbH (Germany) from the Tertia Group.

In January 2013, Tata Interactive Systems launched ClassEdge, a learning platform for the Indian school education sector, with an initial investment of ₹100 crores from Tata Industries.

In April 2018, MPS Limited acquired Tata Interactive Systems (TIS) India along with its Swiss and German subsidiaries, Tata Interactive Systems AG and Tata Interactive Systems GmbH, for 80 crore ($12.3 million).

References 

Companies based in Kolkata
Indian companies established in 1990
Tata Group
Software companies established in 1990
Software companies of India
1990 establishments in West Bengal
Pipe ramming. Pipe ramming (sometimes also called pipe jacking) is a trenchless method for installation of steel pipes and casings. Distances of 30 m (150 feet) or more and over 500 mm (20 inches) in diameter are common, although the method can be used for much longer and larger installations.
The method is useful for pipe and casing installations under railway lines and roads, where other trenchless methods could cause subsidence or heaving. The majority of installations are horizontal, although the method can be used for vertical installations.

The main differences between pipe ramming and pipe jacking  are that pipe ramming uses percussion and does not have a navigation system, while pipe jacking uses hydraulic jacks and does have an active navigation system. Pipe ramming is preferable for shorter distances and applications that do not require tight directional control, such as cable installations.

The method uses pneumatic percussive blows to drive the pipe through the ground. The leading edge of the pipe is almost always open, and is typically closed only when smaller pipes are being installed. The shape allows a small overcut (to reduce friction between the pipe and soil and improve load conditions on the pipe), and directs the soil into the pipe interior instead of compacting it outside the pipe. These objectives are usually achieved by attaching a soil-cutting shoe or special bands to the pipe.

Further reduction of friction is typically achieved with lubrication, and different types of bentonite and/or polymers can be used (as in horizontal directional boring) for this purpose.
Spoil removal from the pipe can be performed after the entire pipe is in place (shorter installations). If the pipe containing the spoil becomes too heavy before the installation is complete, the ramming can be interrupted and the pipe cleaned (longer installations). Spoil can be removed by auger, compressed air or water jetting.

Research on instrumented pipe ramming installations has allowed the development of pipe ramming-specific models for static soil resistance and dynamic model parameters for simulating drivability of rammed pipes.  These procedures can be used to estimate the feasibility of pipe ramming installations.

Pipe jacking 
The pipe jacking method consists on the principle of driving the tunnel from a launch shaft in the direction of a target (or reception) shaft.

The alignment is controlled using a laser beam from the launch shaft, which guides the machine through the tunnel axis. The laser is the basic control device and it works with inclinometers and gyroscopes. The laser beam is directed to the machine cutter head and its position is controlled in real time by a navigation system at the surface.

References

External links
 OSU Pipe Ramming Research
 How Pipe Ramming Works
 TTC.latech.edu

Trenchless technology
Subterranean excavating equipment companies
Dialog (architectural firm). DIALOG (formerly Cohos Evamy) is a North American architectural, engineering, interior design and planning firm.  It operates as a single company, with studios in Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Toronto and San Francisco.

History
Cohos Evamy was founded as an architecture and engineering studio in Calgary, Alberta, Canada in 1960, and quickly evolved into an interdisciplinary model under the leadership of Martin Cohos, FRAIC, Michael Evamy, FAIC and Paul Poffenroth, P.Eng. The Cohos Evamy Partners opened the Edmonton office in the 1980s.

In 2003, Cohos Evamy opened a Toronto, Ontario studio.  Together, the three studios in Calgary, Edmonton and Toronto serve Canada from the West coast to the East coast. In 2010, Cohos Evamy merged with Vancouver-based architectural firm HBBH, among others, and was renamed DIALOG.

Areas of practice
Areas of practice include architecture, programming, urban planning, landscape architecture, interior design, graphics, 3D modeling, and structural, mechanical, and electrical engineering. The practice includes designing buildings for retail, commercial office, education, health care institutions, research facilities, airports, retail petroleum stations, and arts and cultural work.

As of 2022, the firm employed more than 700 people.

Portfolio
TC Energy Tower, Calgary, Alberta
Western Canadian Place, Calgary, Alberta
Bankers Hall, Calgary, Alberta
Bankers Court, Calgary, Alberta
Calgary International Airport, Calgary, Alberta
Transalta Arts Barns, Edmonton, Alberta
Listowel Memorial Hospital, Listowel, Ontario (Currently under construction)
Winspear Centre, Edmonton, Alberta
Calgary Central Library, Calgary, Alberta

References

External links
DIALOG (website)
Michael Evamy Memorial Scholarship

Architecture firms of Canada
Companies based in Calgary
Design companies established in 1960
1960 establishments in Alberta
Serial Bus Protocol 2. The Serial Bus Protocol 2 (SBP-2) standard is a transport protocol within the Serial Bus, IEEE Std 1394-1995 (also known as FireWire or i.Link), developed by T10.

Original work on Serial Bus Protocol started as an attempt to adapt SCSI to IEEE Std 1394-1995 serial interface. Later on it was recognized that SBP-2 may have a more general use, and the work on the standard was targeted to provide a generic framework for delivery of commands, data, and status between Serial Bus peripherals.

See also
 IEEE 1394
 DMA attack
 USB

References

External links
 An overview

IEEE standards
Lists of physics equations. In physics, there are equations in every field to relate physical quantities to each other and perform calculations. Entire handbooks of equations can only summarize most of the full subject, else are highly specialized within a certain field. Physics is derived of formulae only.

General scope

 Variables commonly used in physics
 Continuity equation
 Constitutive equation

Specific scope

Defining equation (physical chemistry)
List of equations in classical mechanics
Table of thermodynamic equations
List of equations in wave theory
List of relativistic equations
List of equations in fluid mechanics
List of electromagnetism equations
List of equations in gravitation
List of photonics equations
List of equations in quantum mechanics
List of equations in nuclear and particle physics

See also

 List of equations
 Operator (physics)
 Laws of science

Units and nomenclature

 Physical constant
 Physical quantity
 SI units
 SI derived unit
 SI electromagnetism units
 List of common physics notations
Global Resource Serialization. Global Resource Serialization (GRS) is the component within the IBM z/OS operating system responsible for enabling fair access to serially reusable computing resources, such as datasets and tape drives or virtual resources, such as lists, queues, and control blocks.  Programs can request exclusive access to a resource (which means that program and all subsequent requesting programs are blocked until that program is given access to the resource), usually requested when a program needs to update the resource or shared access (which means that multiple programs can be given access to the resource), usually requested when a program only needs to query the state of the resource.  GRS manages all requests in FIFO (first in/first out) order.

Scoping
GRS manages resources at three different levels of scoping:
STEP - this level is for resources that exist within a single MVS address space.  Only threads (tasks) within that address space can request access to the resource.
SYSTEM - this level is for resources that exist within a single MVS instance.  Any thread running on the system can request access to the resource.
SYSTEMS - also known as GLOBAL, these resources are accessible by multiple MVS instances.  Any thread running on a system in the GRS complex can request access to the resource.

Clustering
In order for GRS to serialize resources between multiple systems, the systems must be clustered.  There are several options to enable this clustering:
GRS Ring - each of the systems (LPARs) are connected with channel-to-channel adapters (CTCAs) in a ring configuration.  The GRS software sends messages around the ring to ensure the integrity of the complex and to arbitrate correct succession of ownership.
Basic Sysplex - each of the systems in the sysplex has complete connectivity to every other system via CTCAs or ESCON CTCAs, managed by the XCF (Cross System Coupling Facility) component.  The GRS component utilizes the Messaging and Group Services provided by XCF to replace and augment the function through the GRS managed CTCAs.
GRS Star (Parallel Sysplex) - Rather than using a message passing protocol to manage resource ownership succession, GRS uses the locking services provided by the XES (Cross System Extended Services) component of MVS.  Use of locking services requires a lock structure (called ISGLOCK) to be created in a Coupling Facility (CF).

Similar
CA, Inc. licenses a product called "Multi-Image Manager" (CA-MIM) which contains a component called "Multi-Image Integrity" (MII) which can be used to implement similar functions to GRS.

References

IBM mainframe operating systems