omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Heritage Plaza. Heritage Plaza is a postmodern skyscraper located in the Skyline District of downtown Houston, Texas. Standing at , the tower is the 5th-tallest building in Houston, the 8th-tallest in Texas, and the 60th-tallest in the United States. The building, designed by Houston-based M. Nasr & Partners P.C., was completed in 1987, and has 53 floors.

History
Heritage Plaza completed construction in early 1987. It was the last major office building completed in downtown Houston in the midst of the collapse of the Texas real estate, banking, and oil industries in the 1980s. The building stood as the most recently completed major skyscraper in Houston for nearly 15 years, until the completion of 1500 Louisiana Street in 2002.

The building has  of leaseable space, of which a vast majority sat vacant until Texaco leased  in 1989. The building went on to serve as the US  headquarters of Texaco for 12 years. In 2001, Heritage Plaza became the US headquarters of the ChevronTexaco corporation.

In 2005, Goddard Investment Group acquired the building. During that year, over  in the building was unoccupied. In 2006, EOG Resources announced that it would move from 3 Allen Center to Heritage Plaza. The firm had signed a 15-year lease for  and planned to move around 400 employees. The firm, scheduled to move in early 2007, became the largest tenant in the building at the time.

In early 2007, Deloitte & Touche USA L.L.P. executed a lease to occupy  as part of a 12-year, 10-floor lease with options to increase that space, if needed. The new lease consolidated staff from three Houston sites to one downtown location, making Deloitte the largest tenant in Heritage Plaza.

Design

Heritage Plaza is well known because of its central location in the central business district skyline, and for the stepped granite feature located on the top of the building that resembles a Mayan pyramid. This feature was inspired by the architect's visit to the Mexican Yucatán Peninsula. The crown of the building is also said to resemble an image of a bald eagle spreading its wings.

The interior lobby of Heritage Plaza was also designed with Mexican influences. The lower levels of the building, which contain a large food court, contain a distinctive multi-level marble waterfall that falls from the lobby.

Heritage Plaza is one of the few skyscrapers in downtown Houston that is not directly connected to the extensive Houston tunnel network. It is, however, connected to the DoubleTree Hotel Houston-Allen Center through a skyway.

See also

List of tallest buildings in Houston
List of tallest buildings in Texas
List of tallest buildings in the United States

References

External links

Official site

Skyscraper office buildings in Houston
Office buildings completed in 1987
Oil company headquarters in the United States
Chevron Corporation
Buildings and structures in Houston
Postmodern architecture in Texas
Bernhard Plettner. Dr. Ing. e.h. Bernhard Plettner (December 2, 1914 in Oberlahnstein – November 2, 1997 in Erlangen) was a German engineer and manager. From 1971 to 1981 he was CEO of Siemens AG.

Plettner studied electrical engineering in Darmstadt. After an internship in 1937 he returned to Siemens-Schuckertwerke in Berlin in 1940. After World War II Plettner was especially engaged in restoring the export relations of the firm. Plettner became a member of the board of directors of Siemens-Schuckertwerke in 1959 and CEO of this company in 1962. After the merging of Siemens-Schuckertwerke with Siemens & Halske AG he was a member of the board of directors of  Siemens AG. In 1971 he was appointed CEO. When he was succeeded by Karlheinz Kaske in 1981, Plettner became the first chairman of the supervisory board not to be a member of the Siemens family.  He resigned in 1988.

References
Shaping the Future. The Siemens Entrepreneurs 1847–2018. Ed. Siemens Historical Institute, Hamburg 2018, ..

External links 
Presidents and Chief Executive Officers of Siemens AG

Siemens
1914 births
1997 deaths
People from Erlangen
Knights Commander of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Deltic. Deltic or Deltics may refer to:

 Napier Deltic, a diesel engine
 British Rail DP1 ("Deltic") a prototype locomotive built by English Electric fitted with the Deltic Engine
 British Rail Class 55, production locomotives powered by Deltic engines
 British Rail Class 23, "Baby Deltic" production locomotives powered by Deltic engines
 Deltic Preservation Society
 Deltic acid, a chemical whose molecular backbone resembles the Greek letter delta (Δ)
 Deltaic or deltic
 Deltics (album), a music album by Chris Rea

See also

 
 Delta (disambiguation)
 Deltate (disambiguation)
 Deltoid (disambiguation)
DSSP. DSSP may refer to:

DSSP (hydrogen bond estimation algorithm), an algorithm that determines the secondary structure of protein subsequences from the coordinates of a protein structure
DSSP (imaging), a method of scanning objects into 3D digital representations
DSSP (programming), a programming language, acronym for Dialog System for Structured Programming
Decentralized Software Services Protocol, a SOAP-based protocol used by Microsoft Robotics Developer Studio
Deep Submergence Systems Project, US Navy program to develop methods of rescuing submarines
Dessert spoon, a spoon with a capacity of about 2 teaspoons
Digital Solid State Propulsion, American aerospace company
DSSP (imaging). DSSP stands for digital shape sampling and processing. It is an alternative and often preferred way of describing "reverse engineering" software and hardware. The term originated in a 2005 Society of Manufacturing Engineers' "Blue Book" on the topic, which referenced numerous suppliers of both scanning hardware and processing software.

DSSP employs various 3D scanning methods, including laser scanners, to acquire thousands to millions of points on the surface of a form and then software from a variety of suppliers to convert the resulting "point cloud" into forms useful for inspection, computer-aided design, visualization and other applications. It may also employ volumetric methods of scanning, such as digital tomography.

Some common applications include CAI (computer-aided inspection), creation of 3D CAD models from scanned data, medical applications, 3D imaging for Web 2.0 applications, and the restoration of culturally significant artifacts; as well as conventional reverse engineering for creating replacement parts.

The term 'reverse engineering' itself has acquired some notoriety when the technology has been used to copy others' designs.

The term 'laser scanning' has also been used somewhat interchangeably for DSSP. However, there are two problems with the term as a broad description of the field. First, it is only one of many alternative scanning technologies. Second, it misses the essential role of processing software in converting point cloud data into useful forms.

In some ways, DSSP is a 3D analog to DSP (digital signal processing) in that the software attempts to extract a clear and accurate 3D image from point data that may include noise. The notion of 'shape sampling' embedded in the term also acknowledges that, as in many measurement processes, the accuracy of the 3D data will depend upon the number and accuracy of points sampled.

The speed and accuracy of both scanners to acquire data and software algorithms to extract useful data has dramatically increased in recent years. The amount of data capturing capability has also increased many fold, due to the advances in the camera technology and  faster, more powerful computers. As some the limitations of the technology are eliminated and costs reduced, more uses are appearing.

References 

Digital signal processing
Quasi-solid. Quasi-solid, Falsely-solid, or semisolid is the physical term for something whose state lies between a solid and a liquid. While similar to solids in some respects, such as having the ability to support their own weight and hold their shapes, a quasi-solid also shares some properties of liquids, such as conforming in shape to something applying pressure to it and the ability to flow under pressure. The words quasi-solid, semisolid, and semiliquid are used interchangeably.

Quasi-solids and semisolids are sometimes described as amorphous because at the microscopic scale they have a disordered structure unlike crystalline solids. They should not be confused with amorphous solids as they are not solids and exhibit properties such as flow which bulk solids do not.

Examples

 Pharmaceutical and cosmetic creams, gels, and ointments, e.g. petroleum jelly, toothpaste, hand sanitizer
 Foods, e.g. pudding, guacamole, salsa, mayonnaise, whipping cream, peanut butter, jelly, jam

See also
 Plasticity (physics)
 Viscosity
 Premelting
 Non-Newtonian fluid

References

Phases of matter
Chebyshev lambda linkage. In kinematics, the Chebyshev Lambda Linkage is a four-bar linkage that converts rotational motion to approximate straight-line motion with approximate constant velocity. It is so-named because it looks like a lowercase Greek letter lambda (λ). The precise design trades off straightness, lack of acceleration, and the proportion of the driving rotation that is spent in the linear portion of the full curve.

The example to the right spends over half of the cycle in the near-straight portion. The coupler (link 3) point stays within 1% positional tolerance while intersecting the ideal straight line 6 times.

The linkage was first shown in Paris on the Exposition Universelle (1878) as "The Plantigrade Machine". The Chebyshev Lambda Linkage is a cognate linkage of the Chebyshev linkage.

The Chebyshev Lambda Linkage is used in vehicle suspension mechanisms, walking robots, and rover wheel mechanisms. In 2004, a study completed as a Master of Science Thesis at Izmir Institute of Technology introduced a new mechanism design by combining two symmetrical Lambda linkages to distribute the force evenly on to ground with providing the straight vertical wheel motion. It was then designed, manufactured, and tested in the Earth Rover Project of Los Angeles City College Electronics Club.

See also 

Chebyshev linkage, the cognate of the Chebyshev lambda linkage.
Hoeckens linkage, a linkage that produces a very similar locus using one less link but an additional slider.
Leg mechanism
Straight line mechanism

References 
Design of Machinery – esp' p134

External links 

Hoeckens approximate straight-line mechanism (diagram and table of lengths)
Hoeckens straight line linkage  (Homemade example)
Video of computer simulation of Tchebychev walking machine (Стопоход Чебышева).
alexdenouden.nl – Rectilinear motion after "Tchebychev"
A simulation  using the Molecular Workbench software
How does a Hoecken's Linkage Work? (Interactive Flash Animation)

Straight line mechanisms
Linkages (mechanical)
SLIP (programming language). SLIP is a list processing computer programming language, invented by Joseph Weizenbaum in the 1960s.  The name SLIP stands for Symmetric LIst Processor.  It was first implemented as an extension to the Fortran programming language, and later embedded into MAD and ALGOL. The best known program written in the language is ELIZA, an early natural language processing computer program created by Weizenbaum at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.

General overview 
In a nutshell, SLIP consisted of a set of FORTRAN "accessor" functions which operated on circular doubly linked lists with fixed-size data fields.  The "accessor" functions had direct and indirect addressing variants.

List representation 
The list representation had four types of cell: a reader, a header, a sublist indicator, and a payload cell.  The header included a reference count field for garbage collection purposes.  The sublist indicator allowed it to be able to represent nested lists, such as (A, B, C, (1, 2, 3), D, E, F) where (1, 2, 3) is a sublist indicated by a cell in the '*' position in the list (A, B, C, *, D, E, F).  The reader was essentially a state history stack—a good example of a memento pattern—where each cell pointed to the header of the list being read, the current position within the list being read, and the level or depth of the history stack.

References

 Symmetric List Processor, Joseph Weizenbaum, CACM 6:524-544(1963). Sammet 1969, p. 387.
 Computer Power and Human Reason: From Judgment To Calculation, Joseph Weizenbaum, San Francisco: W. H. Freeman, 1976 

Fortran libraries
Programming languages
Petasis reagent. The Petasis reagent, named after Nicos A. Petasis, is an organotitanium compound with the formula Cp2Ti(CH3)2. It is an orange-colored solid.

Preparation and use
The Petasis reagent is prepared by the salt metathesis reaction of methylmagnesium chloride or methyllithium with titanocene dichloride:

 Cp2TiCl2  +  2 CH3MgCl   →  Cp2Ti(CH3)2  +  2 MgCl2

This compound is used for the transformation of carbonyl groups to terminal alkenes.  It exhibits similar reactivity to the Tebbe reagent and Wittig reaction. Unlike the Wittig reaction, the Petasis reagent can react with a wide range of aldehydes, ketones and esters. The Petasis reagent is also very air stable, and is commonly used in solution with toluene or THF.

The Tebbe reagent and the Petasis reagent share a similar reaction mechanism.  The active olefinating reagent, Cp2TiCH2, is generated in situ upon heating.  With the organic carbonyl, this titanium carbene forms a four membered oxatitanacyclobutane that releases the terminal alkene.

In contrast to the Tebbe reagent, homologs of the Petasis reagent are relatively easy to prepare by using the corresponding alkyllithium instead of methyllithium, allowing the conversion of carbonyl groups to alkylidenes.

See also
 Nysted reagent
Titanium–zinc methylenation

References

Organotitanium compounds
Coordination complexes
Reagents for organic chemistry
Titanocenes
Cyclopentadienyl complexes
Titanium(IV) compounds
Methyl complexes
Gnathodynamometer. A gnathodynamometer (or occlusometer) is an instrument for measuring the force exerted in closing the mouth. This device can measure the bite force of humans in the following three measurements: newtons, (N), pounds, (lb), or kilograms, (kg). The average bite force of a human being is 140 pounds of force. A bimeter gnathodynamometer is one with an adjustable central-bearing point. 

As per the inventor's design study, the instrument works well "in measuring maximal bite force and masticatory efficiency of incisor and molar teeth, respectively."

Sharks are baited into biting hard plastic sheets, which are brought to the laboratory. The depth of the indentations shows the force of the bite. The inventor is J. N. Snodgrass.

Sources
Please expand article with

 http://www.elasmo-research.org/education/topics/r_bites.htm
 http://animal.discovery.com/convergence/safari/shark/expert/expert14.html

Medical testing equipment
List of Australian Army aircraft. List of Australian Army aircraft is a list of all aircraft operated by the Australian Army since its formation. The Army flies helicopters, fixed-wing aircraft, and also unmanned aerial vehicles of various types. The Army has a diverse portfolio of lift assets including fleet of latest Chinook helicopters, 22 Tiger attack helicopters, 15 EC135 (which it shares with Navy for training), and increasing numbers UH-60. A few other types, such as leased AW139 and Bell 412 are also used. The MRH-90 fleet which was a major asset for over a dozen years was fully retired in 2023 and are in storage, and the last of the S-70 were retired in 2021. Additional UH-60 and EC135 are being acquired in the 2020s. 

The MRH-90 retirement is handled in several ways, prior to retirement additional Chinooks were acquired, and  prior to and after additional AW139, Bell 412, UH-60, and EC135 were ordered or leased. The Navy and Air Force have their own aircraft, and the Navy uses SH-60 Sea Hawk and ordered more.

Current

 Several AW139 leased to the Army.

2 Bell 412 under lease at Army Aviation Training Center.
 EC135 are shared with the Navy for training, but also intended for disaster relief in emergency.
Leaving service

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Historic & Current

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Fixed Wing Aircraft

Helicopters

Historic and also current for context

See also
List of equipment of the Australian Army
List of Australian military equipment of World War II
Historical weaponry of the Australian Army
List of aircraft of the Royal Australian Air Force
List of aircraft of the Royal Australian Navy

Notes

References

 
Australian Army aircraft
Aircraft
Tenzing Communications. Tenzing Communications of Seattle was founded in 1999 by David Coe a small group of private investors and Simon "Symonty" Gresham. Initial funding the key software developed by Symonty.  Further development funding was raised from private equity sources and in 2001 Airbus, Cathay Pacific and Rockwell Collins became shareholders. The firm had intended to launch in-flight data services, including text messaging, instant messaging, and email using broadband satellite receivers using Inmarsat's fourth-generation satellite system. However, the satellites were not launched until March 2005 (I4 F1),  November 2005 (I4 F2) and planned April 2008 for the final Pacific Ocean Region, I4 F3.

The first installation and email transmission was on an Air Canada 767 on August 26, 2000.

In 2001, after the September 11 attacks in New York, the FAA would not allow travelers to carry bags or laptops in the passenger cabin, this derailed the company and it followed up by laying off 90% of its workforce.

In the interim, Tenzing deployed a very-low-bandwidth system in partnership with Verizon AirFone's radiotelephone network. This system was in commercial operation on United Airlines and a few other U.S. carriers for more than a year before being discontinued.

In 2004, Tenzing merged its operations into a new company, OnAir, formed with SITA and Airbus. OnAir originally intended to introduce broadband and in-flight cell services in 2005, but further delays in Inmarsat's satellite launches and other factors put inflight trials back until early 2008 and first announced customer launch on Kingfisher Airlines mid-2009.

External links
 Seattle Times (July 21, 2004) on Tenzing, SITA, Airbus venture
 Airbus announces investment in Tenzing Communications 2001
 Inmarsat Press release on final I4 Launch plans for 2008
 Sita Announcement on Kingfisher airlines as possible launch customer
 Promotional Video from 2000
 Airline Partnership video 2003
 United airlines completes fleetwide installation of jetConnect powered by Tenzing 2003
 Inflight promo video, United Jetconnect, partnership between Verizon and Tenzing 2003
 Installation details of the first email system

Defunct telecommunications companies of the United States
Defunct companies based in Seattle
Telecommunications companies established in 1999
Companies disestablished in 2004 
American companies established in 1999
1999 establishments in Washington (state)
Moscow School of Mathematics and Navigation. Moscow School of Mathematics and Navigation () was a Russian educational institution founded by Peter the Great in 1701. Situated in the Sukharev Tower, it provided Russians with technical education for the first time and much of its curriculum was devoted to producing sailors, engineers, cartographers and bombardiers to support Peter's expanding navy and army. It is the forerunner of the modern system of technical education of Russia. In 1712, Artillery classes and Engineering classes were moved to Saint Petersburg to found the Engineering school and Artillery school. Abram Petrovich Gannibal was the first chief of engineering school. In 1715 Navigator classes were moved to Saint Petersburg to found the Marine academy. The school closed in 1752.

Sources 

Schools in Russia
Schools in Moscow
1701 establishments in Russia
1752 disestablishments
Beast (Trojan horse). Beast is a Windows-based backdoor trojan horse, more commonly known in the hacking community as a Remote Administration Tool or a "RAT". It is capable of infecting versions of Windows from 95 to XP. Written in Delphi and released first by its author Tataye in 2002, it became quite popular due to its unique features. It used the typical client–server model where the client would be under operation by the attacker and the server is what would infect the victim. Beast was one of the first trojans to feature a reverse connection to its victims, and once established it gave the attacker complete control over the infected computer. The virus would be harmless until opened. When opened, the virus would use the code injection method to inject itself into other applications.

On a machine running Windows XP, removal of three files (“explorer.exe” (Windows Explorer), “iexplore.exe” (Internet Explorer), or “msnmsgr.exe” (MSN Messenger)) in safe mode with system restore turned off would disinfect the system.

Usage

The default ports used for the direct and reverse connections were 6666 and 9999 respectively, though the attacker had the option of changing these. Beast came with a built-in firewall bypasser and had the ability of terminating some Anti-Virus or firewall processes. It also came with a file binder that could be used to join two or more files together into one executable.

See also
ILOVEYOU
List of computer viruses

References

Windows trojans
Pascal (programming language) software
SS David E. Hughes. SS David E. Hughes (MC contract 1666) was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after David E. Hughes, an American musician, professor, and inventor.

The ship was laid down at the California Shipbuilding Corporation in Los Angeles, California, on 10 May 1943, then launched on 31 May 1943.
She was operated durning World War II by the States Marine Corporation. While in the Western Pacific she delivered supplies to the Australians, ferried Australian troops, and delivered supplies to the Russian Army in Iran. On 4 April 1944 she transported the Australian 4th Battalion along with other 5th Division troops from Langemak Bay, Finschafen, Papua, New Guinea, then sailed to Saidor, a 21-hour voyage.  She returned from Hollandia, Dutch West Indies to San Francisco on 5 January 1945 with her crew of nine men and US Navy Armed Guard contingent of 24 men.  In 1948 she did post war work operated by W. R. Chamberlin & Company, then Boland and Cornelius Company and then United States Navigation Company. In 1949 she was placed in the US Reserve fleet. In 1950 she was remove from the Reserve fleet for support of the Korean War and operated by T. J. Stevenson & Company, Inc. and then Shepard Steamship Company.  From 1957 to 1958 and in 1968 she was used to store surplus grain with the Blidberg Rothchild Company and then Moore McCormack Lines.

She was scuttled with obsolete ammunition in 1970.

References 

Liberty ships
Ships built in Los Angeles
1943 ships
Maritime incidents in 1970