omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
FLIT. FLIT was the brand name for an insecticide. The original product, invented by chemist Dr. Franklin C. Nelson and launched in 1923 and mainly intended for killing flies and mosquitoes, was mineral oil based and manufactured by the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, before the company, now part of ExxonMobil, was renamed first Esso and later Exxon. The Esso formulation contained 5% DDT in the late 1940s and early 1950s, before the negative environmental impact of DDT was widely understood. Later marketed as "FLIT MLO", it has since been discontinued. A hand-operated atomizer called a Flit gun was commonly used to perform the spraying.

The Flit brand name has been reused for another insecticide product, with the primary active ingredient of permethrin, marketed by Clarke Mosquito Control. The current product is most often used to control adult mosquitoes. Spraying it into the air kills adult mosquitoes that are present and then by settling onto surfaces it kills mosquitoes that may later land.

"Quick, Henry, the Flit!"

In 1923, Flit, then marketed by a newly formed subsidiary of Jersey Standard, Stanco Incorporated, became the subject of a very successful long-running advertising campaign. Theodor Seuss Geisel created the artwork for this campaign, years before he started writing the children's books that made him famous as Dr. Seuss. The ads typically showed people menaced by whimsical insect-like creatures.

Seuss's artwork associated with Flit included numerous racial caricatures which, although not unusual for the 1920s, are now seen as racist. 

This advertising campaign continued for 17 years and made "Quick, Henry, the Flit!" a popular catchphrase in the United States.

U-2 fuel 
According to Ben Rich (a junior propulsion engineer on the U2 program), some raw material (possibly the solvent) used for the production of FLIT was similar to that used for LF-1A fuel for the Lockheed U-2 high altitude reconnaissance aircraft, causing a nationwide shortage of bug spray in 1955. The fuel LF-1A was produced by Shell Oil Company.

References

Insecticide brands
Works by Dr. Seuss
Phrases
Hexagon (disambiguation). A hexagon is a polygon with 6 sides.  By extension, it can also mean:

Business 
Hexagon AB is a global industrial technology group divided into Geospatial Measuring (Surveying and GPS), Industrial Metrology and Technologies.

Computing 
Qualcomm Hexagon, a digital signal processor (DSP) developed by Qualcomm
Hexagon (software) is a 3D modeling application owned by DAZ Productions
Hexagonal Architecture in software development is an advanced architecture to structure a software application

Fiction 
The Hexagon is the name of the national military headquarters in Batman (TV series); compare with The Pentagon
Hexagon Comics, a French comic-book publisher whose characters include a group of super-heroes also called Hexagon

Geography 
The Hexagon (l'Hexagone), refers to the European part of mainland France (not including Corsica)

Music 
Hexagone is a song by Renaud, where he discusses the disgust he feels for France
Hexagonal (album) - Leessang album
Hexagon (record label) is an electronic music record label and weekly radio show hosted by Don Diablo
The band Boards of Canada commonly references the Hexagon, often using the shape as a logo of sorts (also see Hexagon Sun)
 Hexagon (album)

Science 
The hexagonal crystal system for crystallographic or mineralogic uses
KH-9 Hexagon was a USAF reconnaissance satellite
Saturn's hexagon, a consistent hexagonal cloud pattern at the north pole of Saturn.
 The Haag hexagon

Sports 
Exagon Engineering  a French auto racing team
"Hexagonal (CONCACAF)", a World Cup qualification stage

Theater and film
The Hexagon  a theatre in Reading, England
Hexagon Theatre (KwaZulu-Natal), a theatre in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa
Hexagon (comedy show), a theater company in Washington DC, for charity
Hexagon Productions, Australian film production company

Other 
 Hexagone Balard, the headquarters of the French Armed Forces, the French counterpart to "The Pentagon" in Washington, DC.
Hexagon, a video game, later becoming Super Hexagon.

See also
Hexxagōn, a classic game
Quiz! Hexagon II, a Japanese quiz variety show on Fuji Television
Hexagon Pool
SATURN Development Group. The SATURN Development Group was an important industry forum that enabled the specification of chip-to-chip interfaces for the communications industry.  It was co-founded in 1992 by PMC-Sierra and Sun Microsystems.  Several significant specifications were completed through its actions including PL-2, PL-3, and PL-4.  Many important semiconductor devices were developed to these specifications.  SATURN was also influential in the specification of the ATM Forum's physical layer "UTOPIA" standards.

Initial members included SynOptics and Interphase.  The first meeting was held in April 1992. By August 1993, the SATURN group had 28 members.

After the formation of the Optical Internetworking Forum (OIF), two of the SATURN group's interfaces were successfully adopted by OIF.  The PL-3 specification became SPI-3 and the PL-4 specification became SPI-4.2.  The existence of the OIF also eliminated the need for the SATURN Development Group, and it was wound down around 2002.

External links
 Early history of SATURN
 Light Reading article on PL-4
 Light Reading article on PL-5

Technology consortia
Remote pickup unit. A remote pickup unit or RPU is a radio system using special radio frequencies set aside for electronic news-gathering (ENG) and remote broadcasting.  It can also be used for other types of point-to-point radio links.

An RPU is used to send program material from a remote location to the broadcast station or network.  Usually these systems use specialized high audio fidelity radio equipment.  One manufacturer, Marti, was best known for manufacturing remote pickup equipment, so much so that the name is usually used to refer to a remote pickup unit regardless of who the actual equipment manufacturer actually is.  

Today much of the remote broadcast use digital audio system fed over ISDN telephone lines.  This method is favored because of reliability of telephone lines versus a radio link back to the station.  The radio RPU remains much more favored for ENG however, because of its flexibility.

Footnotes

Broadcast engineering
Airworthiness directive. An airworthiness directive (commonly abbreviated as AD) is a notification to owners and operators of certified aircraft that a known safety deficiency with a particular model of aircraft, engine, avionics or other system exists and must be corrected.

If a certified aircraft has outstanding airworthiness directives that have not been complied with, the aircraft is not considered airworthy. Thus, it is mandatory for an aircraft operator to comply with an AD.

Purpose
ADs usually result from service difficulty reporting by operators or from the results of aircraft accident investigations. They are issued either by the national civil aviation authority of the country of aircraft manufacture or of aircraft registration. When ADs are issued by the country of registration they are almost always coordinated with the civil aviation authority of the country of manufacture to ensure that conflicting ADs are not issued.

In detail, the purpose of an AD is to notify aircraft owners:

 that the aircraft may have an unsafe condition, or
 that the aircraft may not be in conformity with its basis of certification or of other conditions that affect the aircraft's airworthiness, or
 that there are mandatory actions that must be carried out to ensure continued safe operation, or
 that, in some urgent cases, the aircraft must not be flown until a corrective action plan is designed and carried out.

ADs are mandatory in most jurisdictions and often contain dates or aircraft flying hours by which compliance must be completed.

ADs may be divided into two categories:
 Those of an emergency nature requiring immediate compliance prior to further flight, and
 Those of a less urgent nature requiring compliance within a specified period of time.

Issuance 
ADs are issued by most civil aviation regulatory authorities, including:
Civil Aviation Safety Authority (Australia)
European Aviation Safety Agency
Directorate General of Civil Aviation (India) 
Federal Aviation Administration (United States)
Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand
Transport Canada

National procedures

United States

The FAA issues ADs by three different processes: 
 Standard AD process: Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM), followed by a Final Rule 
 Final Rule and Request for Comments
 Emergency airworthiness directives – issued without time for comment. This is only used issued "when an unsafe condition exists that requires immediate action by an owner/operator...to rapidly correct an urgent safety of flight situation."

See also
Advisory circular
Aircraft maintenance

References

External links
FAA Airworthiness Directives 
EASA Airworthiness Directives
CASA Airworthiness Directives
Transport Canada Continuing Airworthiness Web Information System (CAWIS)
CAA Airworthiness Directives

Aviation licenses and certifications
Aircraft maintenance
Regulation of aircraft
Jim Merkel. Jim Merkel (born 1957) is an American author and engineer, who moved from involvement in the military industry to advocating simple living. Since 1989, Merkel has dedicated himself to trying to reduce his personal impact on the environment and to encourage others to do the same.

Initially trained as an electrical engineer, Merkel spent twelve years designing industrial and military systems. After witnessing the devastation following the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill, however, he concluded that global problems had become so urgent as to require immediate action. He consequently quit his job and began a new career as an environmental activist and spokesman.

He claims to have lived on $5,000 a year (close to the global median income) for 16 years (ca. 1989 – 2005), later increasing to $10,000 per year. He founded the Alternative Transportation Task Force in San Luis Obispo, California and served briefly as an elected officer of the Sierra Club; he conducts approximately 60 workshops each year on sustainable living and "radical simplicity" in the United States, Canada, and Spain.

In 1994 he received an Earthwatch Gaia Fellowship, allowing him to visit Kerala, India, and parts of the Himalayas to research sustainable living. In 1995, he founded the Global Living Project and continues to serve as its co-director.

In April 2005, Dartmouth College appointed him its first Sustainability Director. He lives in Belfast, Maine.

Bibliography 
 Radical Simplicity: Small Footprints on a Finite Earth (2003)

References
 Lois Legge, "Life on $5,000 a year: Merkel’s Radical Simplicity has included wearing same boots for eight years, growing own veggies", Chronicle Herald March 20, 2010

External links
 "Global Living Project"  More information on Jim Merkel including his publications, workshops and other activities
 "RADICALLY simple" the 2006 film showing Merkel at work on his homestead as well as doing public presentations and leading workshops on footprinting, permaculture, money and other topics related to sustainability.
 "A radio interview with Jim Merkel at the Good Life Center in Harborside, Maine aired on community radio station WERU 89.9 from Blue Hill, Maine on the show Weekend Voices of 8/04/07"

Simple living advocates
American sustainability advocates
Living people
1957 births
People from Belfast, Maine
Dartmouth College people
Arms industry
American electrical engineers
AverStar. AverStar (formerly Intermetrics, Inc.) was a software company founded in Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1969 by several veterans of M.I.T.'s Instrumentation Laboratory who had worked on the software for NASA's Apollo Program including the Apollo Guidance Computer.

The company specialized in compiler technology.  It was responsible for the design and implementation of the HAL/S programming language, used to write the Space Shuttle PASS (Primary Avionics Software System). It participated in the design effort leading to the Ada programming language, designed the Red language, one of the finalists in the design competition, and wrote one of the first production-quality Ada compilers. The large-scale Ada 95 revision of the language was designed at Intermetrics.

Intermetrics merged with Whitesmiths Ltd. in December 1988. In 1997, Intermetrics merged with computer game developer Looking Glass Studios . In 1998, Intermetrics acquired Pacer Infotec, and changed its name to 'AverStar'. AverStar merged with the Titan Corporation in March, 2000; Titan was acquired by L-3 Communications in 2005.

References

External links

A history of Intermetrics, some subjective notes on Intermetrics in the 1970s and 1980s
 Fourth conference — Intermetrics part of the Apollo Guidance Computer History Project

Defunct software companies of the United States
Ada (programming language)
Software companies based in Massachusetts
Defunct companies based in Massachusetts
Companies based in Cambridge, Massachusetts
Software companies established in 1969
Technology companies disestablished in 1998
Paul Saffo. Paul Saffo (born 1954 in Los Angeles) is a futurist and technology forecaster based in Silicon Valley, California. A Consulting Professor in the School of Engineering at Stanford University, Saffo teaches courses on the future of engineering and the impact of technological change on the future. In 2008, Saffo was named Distinguished Visiting Scholar in the Stanford Media X research network.

He is a board member of the Long Now Foundation.  He has degrees from Harvard College, Cambridge University, and Stanford University.

Saffo is the author of several books, including Dreams in Silicon Valley and The Road From Trinity, and the introduction to E.B. White: Notes on our Times.

Saffo was a McKinsey Judge for the Harvard Business Review in 1997, and was named a "Global Leader for Tomorrow" by the World Economic Forum in the same year. Saffo is Chairman of the Samsung Science Board, and serves on a variety of other boards and advisory panels, including the Stanford Advisory Council on Science, Technology and Society. Paul Saffo is a member of the CuriosityStream Advisory Board.

In 2000, Saffo was elected Fellow of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences.

Paul Saffo was initiated into the humorous "Ancient and Honorable Order of E Clampus Vitus" in 2009. He is the Chairman of the Most Important Committee.

References

External links

 Personal website

Living people
1954 births
Writers from Los Angeles
Wired (magazine) people
Harvard College alumni
Stanford University alumni
American technology writers
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Silicon Valley people
Stanford University faculty
Kornblum oxidation. The Kornblum oxidation, named after Nathan Kornblum, is an organic oxidation reaction that converts alkyl halides and tosylates into carbonyl compounds.

Mechanism
Similar to sulfonium-based oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes reactions, the Kornblum oxidation creates an alkoxysulphonium ion, which, in the presence of a base, such as triethylamine (Et3N), undergoes an elimination reaction to form the aldehyde or ketone.

Extensions 
The first step is an SN2 reaction, so it is subject to the usual leaving group limitations of that reaction. While iodides work well, even bromides are often not reactive enough to be displaced by the DMSO. However, using an additive such as silver tetrafluoroborate allows the reaction to work on a wider range of substrates, as often seen for alkyl-halide substitutions, or they can be converted first to the corresponding alkyl tosylate. The reaction was initially limited to activated substrates, such as benzylic and α-halo ketones. To increase the range of viable substrates, Kornblum later added a preliminary conversion of the halide to a tosylate, which is a better leaving group, to the protocol, and using pyridine-N-oxide or similar reagents rather than DMSO. The Ganem oxidation built on this latter modification, expanding on the use of various N-oxide reagents.

References

Organic redox reactions
Name reactions
Vivekanand Education Society's Institute of Technology. Vivekanand Education Society's Institute of Technology, also known as VESIT or V. E. S. Institute of Technology, was established in 1984 as an engineering college affiliated with the University of Mumbai.

However the UGC conferred Autonomy status to VESIT for 10 year w.e.f. 13/12/2023.

Campus

The campus is located in Hashu Advani Memorial Complex, Chembur-east, Mumbai-400074, a northeastern suburb of Mumbai, and stretches over a few acres of land. VESIT moved to the present campus from its old one (also in Chembur) in December 2010.

The engineering college (VESIT) shares its campus with the college of Pharmacy and the college for Management and Research. The campus comprises one C-shaped building for the engineering college and several other buildings for the other colleges, hostels, etc. VESIT has a multi storey building, wherein each floor is allotted to each of the five departments, and the ground floor comprises the administrative office, principal's office, examination department, canteen, etc. VESIT also has a  library on the first floor and an open section on the second floor.

Ranking 
VESIT B.Tech ranking by NIRF is 251 out of 300 colleges in India in 2021.

VESIT Overall ranking by National Institutional Ranking Framework Innovation is 26 out of 50 colleges in India in 2020.

See also 

 List of Vivekanand Education Society’s schools and colleges

References

External links
ves.ac.in, Official Website

Engineering colleges in Mumbai
Affiliates of the University of Mumbai
Educational institutions established in 1984
1984 establishments in Maharashtra
BSA Manufacturing. BSA Manufacturing Sdn Bhd formed in 1995, is a Malaysian manufacturer of aluminum alloy wheels. The company started as an importer of alloy wheels from Germany, Italy, England, Brazil, Japan, Thailand and Taiwan, and later manufactured its own products. The Company's line of business includes the manufacturing of motor vehicle parts and accessories  

BSA became the first Malaysian company to combine the use of Japanese technology with Hi-Tech Robotic Casting machine for alloy wheels manufacturing. Its alloy wheels are used in over 62 countries, including in Europe, North and South America.

BSA sponsored Alex Yoong for his drive with the Minardi F1 team in 2002, along with other Malaysian companies.

References

Further reading

External links
 BSA Manufacturing

1995 establishments in Malaysia
Privately held companies of Malaysia
Manufacturing companies established in 1995
Metro Cammell Weymann. Metro Cammell Weymann Ltd. (MCW) was a British bus manufacturer and bus body builder based at Washwood Heath in Birmingham, England. MCW was established in 1932 by Metro-Cammell's bus bodybuilding division and Weymann Motor Bodies to produce bus bodies.

MCW bus bodies were built in Metro-Cammell's and Weymann's factories until 1966 when Weymann's factory in Addlestone was closed (the Metro-Cammell and Weymann brand names were discontinued in the same year). From 1977 onward, MCW also built bus chassis.

In 1989 the Laird Group decided to sell its bus and rail divisions. No buyer for all of the subdivisions could be found so each product was sold separately to various companies interested in its assets. The Metrorider was bought by Optare who relaunched it as the MetroRider; the Metrobus design was bought by DAF (chassis) and Optare (body), who jointly reworked it into the Optare Spectra. The Metroliner design was acquired by Optare though not pursued. The Metrocab was bought by Reliant. Metro-Cammell's rail division and the Washwood Heath factory went to GEC Alsthom.

Products

Bodies
 London Transport RF 
 London Transport RLH
 Orion series
 London Transport's DMS body built in partnership with Park Royal throughout the 1970s.
 West Midland PTE's standard bus body in the 1970s on both the Daimler/Leyland Fleetline (again built in partnership with Park Royal) and the Bristol VR.
 A generic double deck body range built in the 1970s on Leyland Atlantean and Daimler Fleetline chassis with notable customers being the Merseyside, Tyne & Wear and West Midlands PTE's.

Chassis/Complete buses
Metro-Scania - semi-integral single decker using Scania running units
Metropolitan - semi-integral double decker based on Scania running units
Metrobus - double decker
Mark 1
Mark 2
Mark 2A
Note: also bodied by Alexander (mainly for the Scottish Bus Group and the Merseyside/West Yorkshire PTE's) and Northern Counties (for Greater Manchester PTE)
Metroliner - single and double deck coach
Metroliner - Semi-integral 4.23 m high double deck coach
Metroliner 400GT - integral 4 m high double deck coach
Metroliner - Semi-integral 3.2 m high single deck coach
Metro Hiliner - Integral 3.4 m high single deck coach
Metrorider - midibus

Others
Metrocab - London taxi cab

References

Defunct bus manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1932
1932 establishments in England
Solifluction. Solifluction is a collective name for gradual processes in which a mass moves down a slope ("mass wasting") related to freeze-thaw activity. This is the standard modern meaning of solifluction, which differs from the original meaning given to it by Johan Gunnar Andersson in 1906.

Origin and evolution of the concept
In the original sense it meant the movement of waste saturated in water found in periglacial regions. However it was later discovered that various slow waste movements in periglacial regions did not require saturation in water, but were rather associated to freeze-thaw processes. The term solifluction was appropriated to refer to these slow processes, and therefore excludes rapid periglacial movements. In slow periglacial solifluction there are not clear gliding planes, and therefore skinflows and active layer detachments are not included in the concept. On the other hand, movement of waste saturated in water can occur in any humid climate, and therefore this kind of solifluction is not restricted to cold climates.

Slow periglacial solifluction is classified into four types:
 Ice creep
 Frost creep
 Gelifluction
 Plug-like flow
Slow solifluction acts much slower than some geochemical fluxes or than other erosion processes. The relatively low rates at which solifluction operates contrast with its occurrence over wide mountain areas and periglaciated lowlands. Since solifluction is associated with humidity and cold climates it can be used to infer past climates.

Deposits
Deposits of slow periglacial solifluction compromise poorly stratified diamicton and diamicton where stratification is wholly lacking. When stratification can be seen it is often distinguished by a buried organic soil. Some other solifluction deposits that have a more defined stratification consist of alternating layers of diamicton and open-work beds, these last representing buried stone-banked lobes and sheets. A common feature in solifluction deposits is the orientation of clasts parallel to the slope.

Landforms
Solifluction lobes and sheets are types of slope failure and landforms. In solifluction lobes sediments form a tongue-shaped feature due to differential downhill flow rates. In contrast, solifluction sheet sediments move more or less uniformly downslope, thus being a less selective form of erosion than solifluction lobes.

Extraterrestrial solifluction
It has been suggested that solifluction might be active on Mars, even relatively recently (within the last few million years), as observed Martian lobates bear many similarities with solifluction lobes known from Svalbard.

See also

 Mass wasting
 Stone run
 Frost weathering

Notes

Notes

References
 Anderson, J.G. 1906. "Solifluction, a Component of Subaërial Denudation", The Journal of Geology, Vol. 14, No. 2 (Feb. – Mar., 1906), pp. 91–112.
 French, H. M. 2007. The Periglacial Environment, Third Edition. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. 458 pp.
 Easterbrook, Don J. Surface Processes and Landforms. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1999
 "Solifluction (geology)" Encyclopædia Britannica Online. n.d. Web. 10 Oct. 2013

Geological hazards
Soil erosion