omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
EMD F2. The EMD F2 was a freight-hauling diesel locomotive built by General Motors Electro-Motive Division between July 1946 and November 1946. It succeeded the FT model in GM-EMD's F-unit sequence, and was replaced in turn by the F3. The F2 was in many respects a transitional type between those two; it kept the  rated D8 generator from the FT due to late development of the new D12 generator intended for the F3, but in a revised carbody design and internal layout that would be continued through the rest of the F-unit series. 74 cab-equipped lead A units and 30 cabless booster B units were produced.

There are no reliable recognition features for an F2. They were built with what has become known as 'Type 1' side panels, with three portholes and no filter grilles, but this was carried over into early F3 production and in any case, could be changed later by the customer. Like some early F3s, they were built with small side numberboards on the nose. They, and all subsequent F-units, are readily distinguished from the FT by having two exhaust stacks instead of four, and by having no large overhang on the end of the B units, while the trucks were a little further away from the other ends. 

They also had four radiator fans at the center of the unit next to each other in line on the roof instead of two at each end. This external feature was the result of a major change in internal arrangement, the replacement of all mechanical and belt-drives for radiator fans and traction motor blowers with electric motors. Power for these accessories was produced by a new D14 three phase alternator built into the main DC generator, called a “companion alternator”. This device has been used in all later EMD road locomotives to the present.

All F2's were scrapped, making them the only EMD F-unit model with no extant examples.

Original owners

References 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 "EMD's F2 - An Interim Model" by Warren Calloway, Dan Cupper, and Paul Withers from Diesel Era Volume 7 Number 2 March/April 1996, pages 31-46.

B-B locomotives
F02
Diesel–electric locomotives of the United States
Railway locomotives introduced in 1946
Locomotives with cabless variants
Scrapped locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
Standard gauge locomotives of Mexico
Diesel–electric locomotives of Mexico
Streamlined diesel locomotives
Lorraine Rodgers. Lorraine Zillner Rodgers (September 11, 1920 – July 3, 2018) was a Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP) pilot for the United States Army Air Forces.

Background
Born Lorraine Zillner in Park Ridge, Illinois, she went on to graduate from the University of Illinois and began working in the office of Chicago's Douglas Aircraft facility. Fascinated with aircraft since childhood, she would spend her free time on the factory floor, admiring the C-54 Skymasters being produced there. After a test pilot took her for a ride in one, she began weekend flying lessons in a Piper J-3 Cub.

WASPs
Once the United States committed its involvement in World War II and male pilots were being called to serve, the WASP program was created for domestic support. Zillner had read that interviews for women with pilot licenses were being held for the experimental program. Despite not having a license and, initially, only eight of the 35 required hours of flight time, she was accepted for training two weeks later via telegram from the Department of the Army.

Zillner began six months of classroom and flight training in September 1943 at Avenger Field in Sweetwater, Texas. After graduating in February 1944, she reported for duty with the 5th Ferrying Group at Dallas Love Field. On December 20, 1944, General Henry H. Arnold dissolved the WASP program and Zillner was honorably discharged.

Personal life
Upon returning to Illinois, Zillner began working at Naval Air Station Glenview and met George Franklin Rodgers, a naval aviator. They were later married for 33 years, until his death shortly after retiring. She relocated to the original grounds of Mount Vernon in Alexandria, Virginia, and lived there until her death at age 97 on July 3, 2018.

Media
In the TV show Legends of Airpower, Rodgers life is covered in Season-4.

References

External links

1920 births
2018 deaths
People from Park Ridge, Illinois
University of Illinois alumni
Women Airforce Service Pilots personnel
21st-century American women
Military personnel from Illinois
F8. F8, F.VIII, F 8, F-8, or F/8 may refer to:

Aviation 
F 8 Barkarby, a former Swedish Air Force wing
F-8 Crusader, a 1955 American single-engine carrier-based jet fighter aircraft built by Vought
F-8 Mosquito, the designation for the de Havilland Mosquito in USAAF aerial reconnaissance service
F8C Falcon, a 1928 American single-engine carrier-based biplane fighter aircraft built by Curtiss
F8F Bearcat, a 1944 American single-engine carrier-based fighter aircraft built by Grumman
Fokker F.VIII, a 1927 Dutch large twin-engine airliner
Freedom Airlines, IATA airline designator
Kampfgeschwader 40, from its historic Geschwaderkennung code with the Luftwaffe in World War II
Shenyang F-8, an export version of the Chinese Shenyang J-8 jet interceptor aircraft

Biology 
Factor VIII, a protein
 F8: an EEG electrode site according to the 10-20 system.

Media 
 Frequency-8, a record label for electronic music producers Mars & Mystre
 Festival 8, the 8th three-day festival by the rock band Phish, held October 30 – November 1, 2009 in Indio, CA
 The Fate of the Furious (Fast & Furious 8) aka "F8" (2017 film)
 8, a common aperture in photography as exemplified by the photojournalism saying "8 and be there"
 F8 (album), the 8th studio album by American heavy metal band Five Finger Death Punch

Technology 
Fairchild F8, a 1977 8-bit microprocessor
Function key, on a computer keyboard
Facebook F8, an annual conference hosted by Facebook

Vehicles 
DKW F8, compact front-wheel drive two-stroke engined saloon, introduced in 1939.
Ferrari F8, a mid-engined sports car produced by the Italian automobile manufacturer Ferrari
LNER Class F8, a class of British steam locomotives

Other 
 F8 (classification), a standing wheelchair disability sport classification
 F8 Cockatoo Island, a ferry service in Sydney, Australia
 F-8, Islamabad, a sector of Islamabad, Pakistan

See also
 Fate (disambiguation), "fate" sometimes slang spelled as "f8"
 8F (disambiguation)
List of volunteer computing projects. This is a comprehensive list of volunteer computing projects, which are a type of distributed computing where volunteers donate computing time to specific causes. The donated computing power comes from idle CPUs and GPUs in personal computers, video game consoles, and Android devices.

Each project seeks to utilize the computing power of many internet connected devices to solve problems and perform tedious, repetitive research in a very cost effective manner.

Active projects

Completed projects

See also

 List of grid computing projects
 List of citizen science projects
 List of crowdsourcing projects
 List of free and open-source Android applications
 List of Berkeley Open Infrastructure for Network Computing (BOINC) projects

References 

Volunteer computing
Science in society
Science-related lists
Computing-related lists
Lists of scientific organizations
Seliger Forschungs- und Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH. The Berthold Seliger Forschungs- und Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH (BSFEGmbH) was a company founded by West German rocket technical designer Berthold Seliger in 1961. Seliger was a former assistant theoretician professor Dr. Eugen Sänger. The company developed and built prototypes of sounding rockets and launched them near Cuxhaven. The BSFEGmbH cooperated strongly with the Hermann-Oberth-Gesellschaft, of which Berthold Seliger was a member. The first rocket developed by the BSFEGmbH was an improved version of the Kumulus, which was first launched on 19 November 1962 and reached a height of 50 kilometres. On 7 February 1963 the BSFEGmbH launched a two-stage rocket with a maximum height of 80 kilometres and, on 2 May 1963, they launched a three-stage rocket with a maximum flight height of more than 100 kilometres. The latter rocket may have attained the highest flight altitude of all rockets built in post-war Germany. The signals from all these rockets were also received at the observatory in Bochum (300 km SSW of Cuxhaven). After May 1963 the BSFEGmbH worked on the improvement of the steering system of their rockets and thought also on military usable rockets.

On 5 December 1963 the BSFEGmbH gave a flight demonstration of their rockets to military staff of non-NATO-countries. Although their rockets were launched with reduced amount of propellant in order not to violate Allied laws concerning the development of military rockets in Germany and were not fit for military use, the rocket experiments of the Hermann-Oberth-Gesellschaft e.V. and the BSFEGmbH after this date were viewed with great suspicion.

In 1964, these experiments were discontinued with a temporary injunction, which is still valid today, after a fatal accident at a rocket demonstration by Gerhard Zucker at Braunlage, although Gerhard Zucker did not cooperate with the BSFEGmbH or the Hermann-Oberth-Gesellschaft e.V. in any way and also had a bad reputation with the members of these societies.

Products
 Seliger Rocket

External links
http://www.modellraketenbau.de/countdown/cdo030301.htm 
http://www.raketen-modellbau-technik.de/geschichte/cuxhaven/bericht.htm
Article title

Cuxhaven (district)
Rocketry
Research institutes in Germany
Ernst Mohr. Ernst Mohr was a professor of mechanical engineering at the University of Wuppertal. He developed the meteorological Mohr Rocket, on behalf of the German Rocket Society.  The rocket was first launched successfully on September 14, 1958 near Cuxhaven.

At the first successful test the rocket reached heights of 50 kilometers and could send out its payload at speeds of 1.2 km per second.

External links
 Encyclopedia Astronautica

German mechanical engineers
Academic staff of the University of Wuppertal
Engineers from North Rhine-Westphalia
Korea Polytechnic VI Daegu. Daegu Polytechnic College is a vocational training institution serving Daegu metropolitan city, the third-largest city in South Korea. The current president is Lee Chang-u (이창우).   About 40 instructors are employed.

Academics

The college comprises departments of Computer Aided Machinery, Computer Aided Design, Electrical Instrumentation, Electronics, Materials, Equipment Manufacturing Automation, Mechatronics, Nursing, Ophthalmology, Hotel and Tourism, and Environmental Chemistry.

Notable people
Hwang Chi-yeul, singer

See also
 Education in South Korea

External links
Official school website, in Korean

Vocational education in South Korea
Universities and colleges in Daegu
Korea Polytechnics
MMR06. The MMR06 is a Soviet/Russian rocket for meteorological experiments, with a length of 3.48 metres and a total weight of 130 kg. The MMR06 rocket was built in two versions: One version had a conical top, the second one, named MMR06-M, had a detachable free flying top, also called dart. The maximum flight height was about 60 - 80 kilometres. Between 1988 and 1992 62 rockets of the type MMR06-M were launched from the former NVA exercise area Zingst, in order to accomplish wind and temperature measurements in the upper atmosphere.

Technical data of MMR06-M

Total

Aerodynamic coefficients

Rocket engine

Dart

Parachute system

Launch sites

Ship
Musson
Ushakov
Ernst Krenkel
Priliv
Volna

Land
Kapustin Yar
Molodyozhnaya Station
Zingst

References

Meteorological instrumentation and equipment
Sounding rockets of the Soviet Union
Sounding rockets of Russia
Meteorology in the Soviet Union
Gerhard Zucker. Gerhard Zucker (1908–1985) was a German businessman and rocket engineer.

Biography

Born in Hasselfelde, he first came to public notice in 1931, when he began to work on the problem of transporting mail by rocket. In 1933 he performed several experiments in the Harz and at Cuxhaven. In 1934, he emigrated to the UK, where he attempted to interest the British government in his rocket.

After a failed rocket demonstration for officials of the British Royal Mail on 31 July 1934, he was deported to Germany, where he was arrested on suspicion of cooperating with the British. During World War II he served in the Luftwaffe.

After World War II, he moved across the border to West Germany, to the part of the Harz in Lower Saxony, where he became a furniture dealer. He continued his rocket experiments until, at a rocket demonstration on 7 May 1964 on the Hasselkopf Mountain near Braunlage, an accident occurred which killed three people. This accident led to a ban on civilian rocket research in West Germany, ending the rocket experiments of the Hermann-Oberth-Gesellschaft (Hermann Oberth Society) and the Berthold Seliger Forschungs- und Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH (Berhold Seliger Research and Development Society).

In the 1970s Gerhard Zucker once again began launching mail rockets.

Zucker in popular culture

A film based on Zucker's attempts with mail rockets at Scarp was released in 2004, called The Rocket Post, starring Ulrich Thomsen as Zucker.

In October 2011,  Canadian Wilfred Ashley McIsaac resurrected the Zucker legacy in eastern Ontario, Canada after launching a scale solid fuel ARCAS rocket with Gerhard Zucker 'First Canadian Rocket-Flight' stamps on board. Zucker himself produced the postal stamps for a May 1936 exhibit in New York City. The stamps were never used until McIsaac launched them 75 years later on41 October 2011.

External links
 Encyclopedia Astronautica - Gerhard Zucker
 Encyclopedia Astronautica - The Zucker Rocket
 British Postal Museum - Rocket mail
 -Canadian Rocket Mail Launch

1908 births
1985 deaths
People from Oberharz am Brocken
German aerospace engineers
German spaceflight pioneers
Businesspeople from Saxony-Anhalt
Engineers from Saxony-Anhalt
PLATO (computational chemistry). PLATO (Package for Linear-combination of ATomic Orbitals) is a suite of programs for electronic structure calculations. It receives its name from the choice of basis set (numeric atomic orbitals) used to expand the electronic wavefunctions.

PLATO is a code, written in C, for the efficient modelling of materials. It is a tight binding code (both orthogonal and non-orthogonal), allowing for multipole charges and electron spin. It also contains Density Functional Theory programs: these were restored to enable clear benchmarking to tight binding simulations, but can be used in their own right. The Density Functional Tight Binding program can be applied to systems with periodic boundary conditions in three dimension (crystals), as well as clusters and molecules.

How PLATO works 
How PLATO performs Density Functional Theory is summarized in several papers:

. The way it performs tight binding is summarized in the following papers

Applications of PLATO 
Some examples of its use are listed below.

Metals 
 Point defects in transition metals: Density functional theory calculations have been performed to study the systematic trends of point defect behaviours in bee transition metals.

Surfaces 
 Interaction of C60 molecules on Si(100):The interactions between pairs of C60 molecules adsorbed upon the Si(100) surface have been studied via a series of DFT calculations.

Molecules 
 Efficient local-orbitals based method for ultrafast dynamics: The evolution of electrons in molecules under the influence of time-dependent electric fields is simulated.

See also 
 List of quantum chemistry and solid state physics software

References

External links 
 Computer Physics Communications Program Library, from which Plato can be downloaded

Computational chemistry software
Fitter. Fitter may refer to:a person who puts together or installs machinery, engine parts, or other equipment.
"a qualified gas fitter"
2.
a person who supervises the cutting, fitting, or alteration of garments or shoes.

fitters construct and modify parts and components using a variety of tools and equipment, including hand and power tools.

People
 Alastair Fitter (born 1948), British ecologist
 Daniel Fitter (1628–1700), English Catholic clergyman
 David Fitter (born 1980), retired Australian rugby union player
 R. S. R. Fitter (1913–2005), British naturalist and author

Other uses
 NATO reporting name Sukhoi Su-17, a Soviet attack aircraft developed from the Su-7
 Fitter (occupation), a person who uses hand tools and machine tools to make or modify parts
 Fitter (arcade game), a Taito release of the game Round-Up

See also

 Fitter-A, NATO designation for the Sukhoi Su-7, a Soviet attack aircraft
 Fitr
 Eid al-Fitr
FETA (disambiguation)
FITA (disambiguation)
Fetter (disambiguation)
 Fitting (disambiguation)
Afterdamp. Afterdamp is the toxic mixture of gases left in a mine following an explosion caused by methane-rich firedamp, which itself can initiate a much larger explosion of coal dust. The term is etymologically and practically related to other terms for underground mine gases—such as firedamp, white damp, and black damp, with afterdamp being composed, rather, primarily by carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and nitrogen, with highly toxic stinkdamp-constituent hydrogen sulfide possibly also present. However, the high content of carbon monoxide is the component that kills, preferentially combining with haemoglobin in the blood and thus depriving victims of oxygen. Globally, afterdamp has caused many of the casualties in disasters of pit coalfields, including British, such as the Senghenydd colliery disaster. Such disasters continue to afflict working mines, for instance in mainland China.

Etymology
The meaning of "damp" in this term, while most commonly understood to imply humidity, presents evidence of having been separated from that newer, irrelevant meaning at least by the first decade of the 18th century, where the original relevant meaning of "vapor" derives from a Proto-Germanic origin, dampaz, which gave rise to its immediate English predecessor, the Middle Low German damp (with no record of an Old English intermediary). The proto-Germanic dampaz gave rise to many other cognates, including the Old High German damph, the Old Norse dampi, and the modern German Dampf, the last of which still translates as "vapor".

Detection
 

Animal sentinels, such as mice or canaries, are more sensitive to carbon monoxide than humans, so will give a warning to miners. Canaries were introduced into British collieries in the 1890s by John Scott Haldane, the noted physiologist. Gas detectors are available now which detect toxic gases such as carbon monoxide at very low levels. They are widely available to protect domestic premises. The levels of gas detection depend on the methods used.

See also
Firedamp
Blackdamp
Stinkdamp
Whitedamp
Glossary of coal mining terminology

References

Further reading
 J S Haldane and J G Priestley, Respiration, Oxford University Press, 2nd ed. (1935)

Mine safety
Carbon dioxide
Carbon monoxide
EPSC. EPSC can stand for:
 Elasto-Plastic Self-Consistent Modeling
 Escola Politècnica Superior de Castelldefels
 European Planetary Science Congress
 European Political Strategy Centre
 Excitatory postsynaptic current
 The European Process Safety Centre
 ICAO code of Szczecin-Goleniów "Solidarność" Airport in Poland
 Early peak systolic compliance
 European Poker Sport Championship
 Erosion Prevention & Sediment Control
DPD. The abbreviation DPD may stand for:

Computing
 Dead Peer Detection, an IPSec VPN feature
 Delegated Path Discovery, a public-key query method
 Densely packed decimal, a system of binary encoding for decimal digits

Engineering and technology
 Dew point depression
 Diffusion pressure deficit
 Digital pre-distortion, a subset of multidimensional digital pre-distortion that deals with linearization of non-orthogonal, non-linear systems.
 Digital product definition, a near-synonym of model-based definition
 Dissipative particle dynamics, a mesoscopic particle-based materials simulation technique
 Diver propulsion device, an underwater vehicle

Law
 EU Dangerous Preparations Directive
 EU Data Protection Directive
 Development Plan Document, in town and country planning in England and Wales
 Digital Phonorecord Delivery, a U.S. Copyright Office process for sound recording registration
 Denver Police Department, Colorado
 Detroit Police Department, Michigan 
 Dallas Police Department, Texas

Mental disorders
 Dependent personality disorder, over-dependence on others 
 Depersonalization-derealization disorder, feeling detached from one's self
 Depressive personality disorder, disorder with depressive features

Organic chemicals
 Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase, an enzyme
 N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine, a phenylenediamine often used to determine chlorine in water

Politics
 Democratic Party of Germany (), liberal party in Germany
 Regional Representative Council (), a chamber of the Indonesian parliament

Other uses
 DPD, a subsidiary of international parcel-delivery business Geopost
  (Pan-Hispanic Dictionary of Doubts), Spanish lexicon
 Distributed participatory design
 Dorking Deepdene railway station, England (GBR code: DPD)
Minnesota Road Research Facility. The Minnesota Road Research Facility (also known as MnROAD, pronounced Min-road), is an outdoor research laboratory operated by the Minnesota Department of Transportation (MnDOT) that specializes in testing different types of pavement. Said to be the largest such facility in the world, it is located  northwest of Minneapolis-St. Paul near the town of Albertville along Interstate 94 (I-94). Minnesota is a good site for such a project, as the state experiences some of the largest seasonal swings in temperature in the United States, and has a spring freeze–thaw cycle that can heavily damage roadways. More than 4,500 sensors are embedded in and under the road surfaces to measure stresses while the test segments are in use. The facility was constructed from 1990 through 1993 at a cost of $25 million and opened in 1994. It earned an Award of Merit in the Federal Highway Administration's 1996 Excellence in Highway Design competition.

A  stretch of the Interstate is redirected onto test pavement at the site, and a test track simulating a low-volume rural roadway loops through the facility. Real highway traffic is used for this mainline test area, but traffic is simulated on the low-volume road by a semi-trailer truck. A bypass is available to shift traffic off the mainline testing area so researchers can closely examine the pavement without disrupting flow on the highway.

Many different organizations have partnered with Mn/DOT to conduct research at the facility, ranging from partners such as the University of Minnesota, Federal Highway Administration, and Wisconsin Department of Transportation to others like the National Road Administration of Finland.

See also

AASHO Road Test

References

External links
Minnesota Road Research Section
Google satellite imagery of the I-94 Test Area

Laboratories in the United States
Transportation in Minnesota
Pavement engineering