omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Doug Waterhouse. Dr Douglas Frew Waterhouse CMG AO ForMemRS (3 June 19161 December 2000) was an Australian entomologist.

Waterhouse was the chief of the CSIRO entomology division from 1960 to 1981. He is best known for the invention of the active ingredient in Aerogard, an Australian insect repellent. He also gave his consent to the Australian Dung Beetle Project (1965-1985) which saw the introduction of dung beetles to Australia as a fly control measure. While this was a risky decision because of the threat that the dung beetles could themselves become pests or disrupt the delicate ecological balance, it proved very successful and reduced the population of bush flies by 90%.

Early life
Waterhouse was born to Eben Gowrie Waterhouse and Janet Frew Waterhouse in Sydney in 1916. He grew up at Eryldene in Gordon, a northern suburb of Sydney. The house is now preserved by a trust and open to the public.

Douglas was introduced to entomology by his uncle Athol, who would take him on butterfly collection trips. His early schooling was at Brisbane Church of England Grammar School.

Career highlights
 Educated University of Sydney (BSc 1937, MSc 1938, DSc 1952)
 CMG 1970, AO 1980. Assistant Research Officer, Division of Economic Entomology, CSIR 1938
 Captain, Australian Army Medical Corps, World War II, working in the CSIR laboratories as a CSIR officer, research, Division of Entomology
 CSIRO 1946–53, Assistant Chief, Division of Entomology
 CSIRO 1953–60, Chief 1960–81, Honorary Research Fellow 1981
 Inaugural Chairman, Canberra College of Advanced Education, 1968–90
 Consultant in Plant Protection to the Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research 1983
 Secretary (Biological Sciences), Australian Academy of Science 1961-66
 President, Australian Entomological Society 1969-72
 President, 14th International Congress of Entomology 1974
 President, International Bee Research Association 1977-78
 President, ACT Branch, National Trust of Australia 1983
 Inaugural Chancellor, University of Canberra, 1990–92

Honours and awards

 1953 David Syme Research Prize
 1954 Fellow, Australian Academy of Science
 1972 Mueller Medal
 1973 Farrer Medal
 1979 Adventures in Agricultural Science Award
 1983 Medal of the International Congress of Plant Protection
 1983 Foreign Associate, U.S. National Academy of Sciences
 1988 Australian Bicentennial Award for most outstanding living contributor to New South Wales agriculture

References

External links
 Eryldene Trust - website featuring Waterhouse's boyhood home
 Photographic portrait - National Portrait Gallery

1916 births
2000 deaths
Royal Australian Army Medical Corps officers
Fellows of the Australian Academy of Science
Fellows of the Royal Society
Officers of the Order of Australia
Australian Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George
Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences
Australian military doctors
Australian Army personnel of World War II
Håleniusite-(La). Håleniusite-(La), chemical formula . is a yellow isometric mineral.  It has a dull, earthy lustre. The geological setting of håleniusite-(La) is in vugs and leaching zones of massive ferriallanite-(Ce), intimately intergrown with cerite-(Ce) and bastnäsite-(La). 

It was discovered in 1986 at Bastnäs mines, Riddarhyttan, Skinnskatteberg, Västmanland, Sweden and named in honour of Ulf Hålenius, director of the mineralogy department at the Swedish Museum of Natural History in Stockholm, Sweden.

References 

 Mindat.org
 webmineral

Lanthanide minerals
Fluorine minerals
Cubic minerals
Minerals in space group 225
Cray Blitz. Cray Blitz was a computer chess program written by Robert Hyatt, Harry L. Nelson, and Albert Gower to run on the Cray supercomputer. It was derived from "Blitz" a program that Hyatt started to work on as an undergraduate. "Blitz" played its first move in the fall of 1968, and was developed continuously from that time until roughly 1980 when Cray Research chose to sponsor the program. Cray Blitz participated in computer chess events from 1980 through 1994 when the last North American Computer Chess Championship was held in Cape May, New Jersey. Cray Blitz won several ACM computer chess events, and two consecutive World Computer Chess Championships, the first in 1983 in New York City, and the second in 1986 in Cologne, Germany.

The program Crafty is the successor to Cray Blitz and is still active and under development.

References

Chess computers
Blitz
Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires. The Buenos Aires Institute of Technology (, ITBA) is a private university in Buenos Aires, Argentina.  Its focus is primarily on Engineering, Information Technology and Business studies.

ITBA maintains cooperation agreements with over 50 universities in 20 countries.

History
ITBA was created on November 20, 1959, by a group of Navy officers and professionals, with the purpose of advancing the teaching of engineering in Argentina. Its first rector was Viceadmiral Carlos Garzoni, followed by , who served briefly as the Navy's Chief of Naval Operations in 1962.

The main building is located in the neighborhood of Puerto Madero, on the grounds of the old Argentine Navy Hospital.  The new campus is located in the Parque Patricios neighbourhood.

Ranking
According to the QS World University Rankings, ITBA is ranked #951-1000 best university globally.

Rigorous admissions
ITBA is renowned for its highly challenging entrance exams, which are designed to identify the most qualified and motivated students.

See also 
 
Sabato Institute of Technology

References

External links

 

Private universities in Argentina
Universities and colleges established in 1959
Engineering universities and colleges in Argentina
Universities in Buenos Aires
1959 establishments in Argentina
SL Corporation. SL Corporation () is a multinational automotive components manufacturing company headquartered in Gyeongsan, South Korea. It has manufacturing plants in Asia-Pacific, India, Europe, and the United States.
Annual turn-over is around 1.8billion USD
as group basis.

History
SL Corporation's origins date back to 1954 and the establishment of Samlip Motor Works as a manufacturer of bicycle parts. In 1968 the company was incorporated into Samlip Industrial Co. Ltd. () and in 1969 it began manufacturing head lamps for Hyundai Motors. The name was finally changed to SL Corporation in 2004 under the leadership of Lee Choong Kon, CEO. Currently SL Corporation manufactures various products for the automotive industry. SL Corporation received the GM Supplier of the Year award for sixteen straight years (1997–2012) as well as the Five Star quality certificate from Hyundai-Kia Motors.

Operations

Products
 Exterior Lighting Systems
 Suspension System Components
 Chassis & Steering System Components
 Door System Components
 Power Train System Components
 Front End Modules
 Mirror

Customers
 General Motors
 Hyundai
 Kia Motors
 SsangYong Motor Company
 GM Daewoo
 Chrysler
 Subaru
 Honda
 Ford India

Major competitors
 REBO
 Valeo
 Hyundai Mobis
 Sungwoo Automotive
 Mopar
 AC Delco
 Hella

See also
 Economy of South Korea
 Auto parts
 SL Lumax Limited

References

External links
 

Auto parts suppliers of South Korea
Multinational companies headquartered in South Korea
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1954
South Korean brands
South Korean companies established in 1954
Companies in the KOSPI 200
Trafficators. Trafficators are semaphore signals which, when operated, protrude from the bodywork of a motor vehicle to indicate its intention to turn in the direction indicated by the pointing signal. Trafficators are often located at the door pillar.

History
They first appeared in the 1900s, when they were actuated either mechanically or pneumatically.  In 1908, Alfredo Barrachini in Rome  added electric lights inside the arms that turned on as they extended, but operation was still by a cable system. Electric operation came in 1918 when the Naillik Motor Signal Company of Boston added electric motor drive. This system was superseded by two French inventors, Gustave Deneef and Maurice Boisson, who used a linear solenoid in 1923. The final complete system came in 1927 when Berlin-based Max Ruhl and Ernst Neuman combined internal illumination and solenoid operation: (but see Gladstone Adams).

The shape of the trafficator arm is closely based upon the shape of the semaphore signal arm used by the Royal Bavarian State Railways beginning in 1890.  The shape differs in that the trafficator has only the lower 'blade' of the rail signal's terminal 'arrowhead', so that the retracted trafficator sits flush with the vehicle's exterior.

They were common on vehicles until the introduction of the flashing amber, red or white indicators at or near the corners of the vehicle (and often along the sides as well), now referred to as "turn-signals". They have been increasingly rare since the 1950s, as ever-stricter legislation has prescribed the need for the modern type of flashing signal. Many historic vehicles (e.g. pre-1960 Volkswagen Beetle) that are used on today's roads have had their trafficators supplemented or replaced with modern indicators to aid visibility and to meet legislative requirements. In some countries trafficators may now be retro-fitted with flashing lights.

References

 The Motor Car: Its Evolution and Engineering Development. John Day. Bosch Ltd., 1975. .

External links 
 

Auto parts
German inventions
Semaphore
Mohammed Ghanbari. Mohammed Ghanbari (; 1948–2024) was an emeritus professor in the Department of Electronic Systems Engineering focused in the areas of Video Networking at the University of Essex.

He graduated from Aryamehr University of Technology in Tehran, Iran, with a BSc degree in electrical engineering in 1970, an MSc in telecommunications, and a PhD in electronics from the University of Essex, England in 1976 and 1979 respectively. After ten years of work in radio and television broadcasting, he started his academic career in 1986 as a Research Fellow working on video coding for Packet Networks. He was then appointed as a Lecturer at the Department of Electronic Systems Engineering at Essex in 1988 and promoted to senior lecturer then reader in 1993 and 1995, respectively. He was appointed a personal chair in 1996.

He is best known for his pioneering work on two-layer video coding for  ATM networks (which earned him  IEEE Fellowship in 2001), now is known as SNR  scalability in the standard video codecs. He has registered for eleven international patents on various aspects of video networking. Mohammed was the co-recipient of A.H. Reeves prize for the best paper published in the 1995 proceedings of  IEE in the theme of digital coding.

He has been an organizing member of several international conferences and workshops. He was the general chair of the 1997 international workshop on Packet Video and Guest Editor to 1997 IEEE Transactions on circuits and systems for Video Technology, Special issue on Multimedia technology and applications. He has been an Associate Editor to IEEE Transactions on Multimedia (IEEE-T-MM) and represented University of Essex as one of the six academic partners in the Virtual Centre of Excellence in Digital Broadcasting and Multimedia. He is a Life Fellow of IEEE, Fellow of IEE and Charted Engineer (CEng).

Mohammad Ghanbari died in 2024 at the age of 75.

Bibliography

References

Iranian electrical engineers
Fellows of the IEEE
Alumni of the University of Essex
Academics of the University of Essex
Sharif University of Technology alumni
Living people
Iranian emigrants to the United Kingdom
Year of birth missing (living people)
Optical buffer. In telecommunications, an optical buffer is a device that is capable of temporarily storing light. Just as in the case of a regular buffer, it is a storage medium that enables compensation for a difference in time of occurrence of events.

More specifically, an optical buffer serves to store data that was transmitted optically (i.e., in the form of light), without converting it to the electrical domain.

Optical networks
Today, computer networks consist of optical fiber links, interconnected by electrical nodes. The data transport in the backbone is done in the form of light, typically from LED or laser. DWDM technologies enable bitrates well beyond 1 Tbit/s. However, at the nodes, this light has to be converted to the electronic domain, in order to switch all data to their separate destinations. Due to rapidly increasing channel capacities, the switching capacity is becoming the bottleneck of the system. Currently, research activities focus on optical switching technologies, that involve fewer or no conversions from the optical to the electronic domain. An important problem however, is the buffering.

Contention resolution
Whenever two or more data packets arrive at a network node at the same time and contend for the same output, external blocking occurs. All packets but one are perceived as superfluous, and have to be dealt with. Next to the obvious choice of dropping all excess packets, academic literature typically presents three solutions: buffering, deflection routing or wavelength conversion. Optical buffering uses fiber delay lines (FDLs) to delay the light, and is regarded as the most effective, but comes with the additional cost of the FDLs.

Implementation of optical buffers
As light cannot be frozen, an optical buffer is made of optical fibers, and is generally much larger than a RAM chip of comparable capacity. A single fiber can serve as a buffer. However, a set of more than one is usually used. A possibility, for example, is to choose a certain length  for the smallest fiber, and then let the second, third... have lengths . Another typical example is to use a single loop, in which the data circulates a variable number of times.

Research
Currently, research on optical buffers is performed in two separate fields. One is to investigate on the technological implementation of this buffer, and try to reduce the size by using slow-light devices. The other is to better overall performance, by using stochastics. (Further detail on the latter approach can be found e.g. on the  author's homepage.)

References

Buffer, optical
Emulsifying wax. Emulsifying wax is a cosmetic emulsifying ingredient. The ingredient name is often followed by the initials NF, indicating that it conforms to the specifications of the National Formulary.

Emulsifying wax is created when a wax material (either a vegetable wax of some kind or a petroleum-based wax) is treated with a detergent (typically sodium dodecyl sulfate or polysorbates) to cause it to make oil and water bind together into a smooth emulsion. It is a white waxy solid with a low fatty alcohol odor.

According to the United States Pharmacopoeia - National Formulary (USP-NF), the ingredients for emulsifying wax NF are cetearyl alcohol and a polyoxyethylene derivative of a fatty acid ester of sorbitan (a polysorbate).

In a cosmetic product, if the emulsifying wax used meets the standards for the National Formulary, it may be listed in the ingredient declaration by the term "emulsifying wax NF".  Otherwise, the emulsifier is considered a blended ingredient and the individual components must be listed individually in the ingredient declaration, placed appropriately in descending order of predominance in the whole.

Safety 
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel reviewed the safety and use of Emulsifying Wax NF in 1984. Their review of usage reported during the previous years found only 12 products using emulsifying wax; those all had usage rates under 10%. Over 35 animal and human studies were cited in the review; none showed more than minor irritation or reaction. The safety assessment found that Emulsifying Wax NF was safe to use as a cosmetic ingredient at the then-present practices and concentrations of use.

The Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel revisited Emulsifying Wax NF in 2003. They found that it was used in 102 cosmetic products in 2002 at a maximum use concentration of 21% (in hair straighteners). Based on the data available in 2003, the CIR determined not to open a new safety assessment.

References

Waxes
Berryite. Berryite is a mineral with the formula . It occurs as gray to blue-gray monoclinic prisms. It is opaque and has a metallic luster. It has a Mohs hardness of 3.5 and a specific gravity of 6.7.

It was first identified in 1965 using X-ray diffraction by mineralogist Leonard Gascoigne Berry (1914–1982). It is found in Park and San Juan counties in Colorado. It occurs in sulfide bearing quartz veins in Colorado and with siderite-rich cryolite in Ivigtut, Greenland.

References 

Webmineral data
Mindat with location data
Mineral Data Publishing - PDF

Lead minerals
Silver minerals
Copper(I) minerals
Bismuth minerals
Sulfosalt minerals
Monoclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 11
Mannheim process. The Mannheim process is an industrial process for the production of hydrogen chloride and sodium sulfate from sulfuric acid and sodium chloride. The Mannheim furnace is also used to produce potassium sulfate from potassium chloride.  The Mannheim process is a stage in the Leblanc process for the production of sodium carbonate.

Process 
The process is named after Mannheim furnace, a large cast iron kiln in which it is conducted. The furnace was developed at  at the turn of the 20th century and superseded earlier furnace designs formerly used for the same purpose.

Sodium chloride and sulfuric acid are first fed onto a stationary reaction plate where an initial reaction takes place. The stationary plate is up to  in diameter. Rotating rabble arms constantly turn over the mixture and move the intermediate product to a lower plate. The kiln portion of the furnace is constructed with bricks that have high resistance to direct flame, temperature, and acid. The other parts of the furnace are heat and acid resistant. Hot flue gas passes up over the plates carrying out liberated hydrogen chloride gas. The intermediate product reacts with more sodium chloride in the lower, hotter section of the kiln producing sodium sulfate. This exits the furnace and passes through cooling drums before being milled, screened and sent to product storage facilities. 

The process involves intermediate formation of sodium bisulfate, an exothermic reaction that occurs at room temperature:
NaCl  +  H2SO4   →  HCl  +  NaHSO4
The second step of the process is endothermic, requiring energy input:
NaCl  +  NaHSO4   →  HCl  +  Na2SO4
Temperatures in the range 600-700 °C are required.

References

Chemical processes
Anonymous pipe. In computer science, an anonymous pipe is a simplex FIFO communication channel that may be used for one-way interprocess communication (IPC). An implementation is often integrated into the operating system's file IO subsystem. Typically a parent program opens anonymous pipes, and creates a new process that inherits the other ends of the pipes, or creates several new processes and arranges them in a pipeline.

Full-duplex (two-way) communication normally requires two anonymous pipes.

Pipelines are supported in most popular operating systems, from Unix and DOS onwards, and are created using the "|" character in many shells.

Unix 

Pipelines are an important part of many traditional Unix applications and support for them is well integrated into most Unix-like operating systems. Pipes are created using the pipe system call, which creates a new pipe and returns a pair of file descriptors referring to the read and write ends of the pipe. Many traditional Unix programs are designed as filters to work with pipes.

Microsoft Windows 
Like many other device IO and IPC facilities in the Windows API, anonymous pipes are created and configured with API functions that are specific to the IO facility. In this case CreatePipe is used to create an anonymous pipe with separate handles for the read and write ends of the pipe. Read and write IO operations on the pipe are performed with the standard IO facility API functions ReadFile and WriteFile.

On Microsoft Windows, reads and writes to anonymous pipes are always blocking. In other words, a read from an empty pipe will cause the calling thread to wait until at least one byte becomes available or an end-of-file is received as a result of the write handle of the pipe being closed. Likewise, a write to a full pipe will cause the calling thread to wait until space becomes available to store the data being written. Reads may return with fewer than the number of bytes requested (also called a short read).

New processes can inherit handles to anonymous pipes in the creation process.

See also 
 Named pipe
 Anonymous named pipe
 Pipeline (Unix)

References 
 Hart, Johnson M. Windows System Programming, Third Edition. Addison-Wesley, 2005.

Notes 

Inter-process communication
Hitachi Cable. is a Japanese electric wire and cable manufacturing company. It was formed from Hitachi Densen Works, the Hitachi Works spin-off previously known as Densen Works.

History 
The company was established in 1956 as a manufacturer of electric wire and cable for power distribution. In the half-century following the creation of the company Hitachi Cables have expanded its business operations to include the manufacture of rubber, copper cable, and optical products. Although the company still actively engages in the development of raw materials for wires and cables, it has incorporated the development of telecommunications equipment into its product line. To that end, the product line now includes antennas and coaxial cables, compound semiconductors and various electronic components, including a terminal antenna for wireless communication. The company has also developed the WirelessIP5000, a wireless IP phone that supports the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP).

As a related push into the IT arena,  has developed the Apresia18020, Japan's first Terabit network switch, which has a switching capacity of 1.8 Terabits per second. The company is also one of more than a score of companies that support the consortium known as the 10 Gigabit Ethernet Alliance, along with other top wire & cable Manufacturers like Belden, General Cable, and 1X Technologies.

Subsidiaries

Hitachi Cable Manchester, Inc. (HCM) 
Hitachi Cable Manchester, Inc. is a manufacturer of premises telecommunications, optical fiber and electronics cables headquartered in Manchester, New Hampshire, and part of the Hitachi Cable division.

Products
Copper premises cable: Category 6A UTP, Category 6A F/UTP, Category 6 UTP, Category 5e UTP, Category 5e and 6 outdoor, Category 6 GoldLAN hybrid, Category 5e GoldLAN hybrid, Category 5e power sum multi pair, Category 3 power sum multi pair, composite, ScTP, under carpet, and UTP cable.
Fiber optic cable: Indoor interconnect, indoor multi-unit, indoor single-unit, indoor loose tube no-gel, indoor/outdoor central tube, indoor/outdoor loose tube, indoor/outdoor tight buffered multimode/singlemode, outside plant armored, and outside plant loose tube fiber optic cable.
Electronic round cable: Coaxial, general purpose 24AWG, HDMI, IEEE 1284, IEEE 1394, Infiniband, probe, SCSI, Serial ATA, USB, and VGA electronic round cable.
Electronic ribbon cable: Multicolor planar, microzip planar, PVC ribbonized MCX, SCSI micro quick twist, shielded, and wide pitch planar ribbon cable.

References

External links
Hitachi (Global)
Hitachi (Japan)
North America Portal

Hitachi subsidiaries
Manufacturing companies established in 1956
Wire and cable manufacturers
Japanese companies established in 1956