omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
RBBS-PC. RBBS-PC (acronym for Remote Bulletin Board System for the Personal Computer) was a freeware, open-source BBS software program. It was written entirely in BASIC by a large team of people, starting with Russell Lane and then later enhanced by Tom Mack, Ken Goosens and others.

It supported messaging conferences, questionnaires, doors (through the  dropfile), file sharing and much more.

History
In 1982, Larry Jordan of the Capital PC Users Group started modifying some existing BBS software that had been ported from CP/M by Russell Lane.  The first major release of this effort, RBBS-PC CPC09, in May 1983 was written in interpreted BASIC and included the Xmodem file transfer protocol added by Jordan.  In June 1983, Jordan turned over maintenance and enhancements to Tom Mack and Ken Goosens.  The first release under Mack, version 10.0, was released July 4, 1983.  New versions and features were released steadily throughout the rest of the 1980s.  The final complete version, 17.4, was released June 21, 1992.

Since version 17.4 at least four other code paths have developed.  Some work has been done to unify the code paths and to develop version 18.0. Dan Drinnons CDOR Mods and Mapleleaf versions were further enhanced by beta testers Mike Moore and Bob Manapeli using Ken Goosens LineBled program to manipulate the source code to endless variations of the program.

License
RBBS-PC was not in public domain, but copyrighted and released under a limited license. The license allowed free distribution of both source code and binary in non-modified form. The documentation from an early 1984 CPC12.1 release lists the following conditions:
 RBBS-PC CPC12 is not distributed in modified form,
 No fee or other consideration is charged, and
 Reference to the authors is retained.

In the final 17.4 release from 1992 the license conditions were almost identical:
 You may NOT distribute RBBS-PC in modified form.
 You may NOT charge a fee for RBBS-PC itself, and
 You MUST retain all references to the copyright and authors.

While the modified form distribution was not allowed, the documentation encouraged to publish and share modifications (bug fixes, new features) as patch files against the original source code. RBBS-PC had its own .MRG file format and tool for patching.

Philosophy
From the beginning of RBBS-PC's development, the authors of the software had two goals as stated in the RBBS-PC documentation:
 To show what could be done with the BASIC language and that "real programmers can/do program  in BASIC."
 To open a new medium of communication where anyone with a personal computer has the ability to communicate freely.  This idea was summarized as "Users helping users for free to help the free exchange of information."

References

External links
 RBBS-PC files
 The BBS Software Directory - RBBS

Bulletin board system software
DOS software
Pre–World Wide Web online services
1983 software
Public-domain software with source code
NM142. The NM142 (Norwegian Model) is an anti-tank missile carrier variant of the American M113 Armored Personnel Carrier, which has been fitted with a TOW2 turret developed in Norway by Kværner Eureka.

Armament 
The NM-142 mounts a turret containing a TOW2 guided anti-tank missile system, with one launch tube on each side of the turret.

Additionally, mounted on the commander's hatch, there is an MG3 machine gun for use as secondary armament and in situations where the TOW2-system is unsuitable.

Organization 
The vehicle has a crew of four. The commander leads the crew, including designating targets, operating communication systems and navigating. The gunner is responsible for operating and maintaining the TOW2 weapon system. The loader assists the gunner, especially by reloading the launch tubes whenever necessary. Finally, the driver maneuvers the APC and is responsible for maintaining the engine, treads and other driving mechanisms.

Usually, a platoon consists of four NM-142s, led by a lieutenant (who also is the commander on one of the NM-142s). In some cases, three platoons are put together to constitute an anti-tank squadron, but individual platoons are also incorporated in various mechanized formations.

The Norwegian Army had approximately 100 NM-142s. By the end of the service life, all but 12 were withdrawn from service. These received some modifications and then named NM-142F1. As of 2021, all NM142 and NM142Fs have been withdrawn from active service.

Turret

Other nations have made variants using the same turret on other vehicles.

 Canada : M113 (TOW)
 Turkey: FNSS ACV-15 (ACV-ATV) 
 Switzerland: Mowag Piranha IB 6×6 ()

See also
M901 ITV, a similar American M113 variant

External links 
 - some more details and statistics about the APC and weapon system.

Tracked armoured fighting vehicles
Anti-tank missile carrier
Military vehicles introduced in the 1980s
Deflection. Deflection or deflexion may refer to:

Board games
 Deflection (chess), a tactic that forces an opposing chess piece to leave a square
 Khet (game), formerly Deflexion, an Egyptian-themed chess-like game using lasers

Mechanics
 Deflection (ballistics), shooting ahead of a moving target so that the target and projectile will collide
 Deflection (engineering), the displacement of a structural element under load
 Deflection (physics), the event where an object collides and bounces against a plane surface

Social sciences
 Deflexion (linguistics), the degeneration of a language's inflectional system over time
 Deflection (psychology), a defence mechanism

Technologies
 Deflection routing, a routing strategy for networks to reduce the need of buffering packets
 Deflection yoke, a kind of magnetic lens used in cathode ray tubes
 Electrostatic deflection, a technique for modifying the path of charged particles by the use of an electric field
 Deflect.ca, a DDoS mitigation and website security service

See also 
 
 
 Deflector (disambiguation)
Institut de génie informatique et industriel. Ingénieur en Génie Informatique et Industriel (IG2I, EC-Lille) is an information engineering school in Lens, France.
Founded in 1992 by "Ecole Centrale de Lille", it offers courses in computer Science, networking, and industrial engineering.

References
IG2I web-site in French
IG2I page on Facebook

Grandes écoles
Educational institutions established in 1992
1992 establishments in France
Lite-On. Lite-On (also known as LiteOn and LiteON) is a Taiwanese company that primarily manufactures consumer electronics, including LEDs, semiconductors, computer chassis, monitors, motherboards, optical disc drives, and other electronic components.  The Lite-On group also consists of some non-electronic companies like a finance arm and a cultural company.

History
Lite-On was started in 1975 by several Taiwanese Texas Instruments ex-employees.  The original line of business was optical products (LEDs).  They then branched out into computer power supplies by starting the Power Conversion Division. Other divisions were soon to follow.

In 1983 Lite-On Electronics issued initial public offering as the first technology company listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange with Stock Code 2301.
In 2003 Lite-ON appoint Dragon Group as their sole distributor in Indonesia.
In 2006 Lite-On IT Corporation acquired BenQ Corporation's Optical Disk Drive Business to become one of the top 3 ODD manufacturers in the world.

In March 2007, Lite-On IT Corporation formed a joint venture with Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. for their optical disc drive division as Philips & Lite-On Digital Solutions Corporation (PLDS).

Kioxia (formerly Toshiba Memory) announced on August 30, 2019, that it signed a definitive agreement to acquire Lite-On's SSD business for . The transaction closed in 2020.

See also
 List of companies of Taiwan

References

External links

 
 Components, trading, and service site (US) 
 PLDS new site

Companies based in Taipei
Electronics companies established in 1975
Computer hardware companies
Computer storage companies
Computer systems companies
Electronics companies of Taiwan
Taiwanese brands
1975 establishments in Taiwan
2020 mergers and acquisitions
Switched Multi-megabit Data Service. Switched Multi-megabit Data Service (SMDS) was a connectionless service used to connect LANs, MANs and WANs to exchange data, in early 1990s. In Europe, the service was known as Connectionless Broadband Data Service (CBDS).

SMDS was specified by Bellcore, and was based on the IEEE 802.6 metropolitan area network (MAN) standard, as implemented by Bellcore, and used cell relay transport, Distributed Queue Dual Bus layer-2 switching arbitrator, and standard SONET or G.703 as access interfaces.

It is a switching service that provides data transmission in the range between 1.544 Mbit/s (T1 or DS1) to 45 Mbit/s (T3 or DS3). SMDS was developed by Bellcore as an interim service until Asynchronous Transfer Mode matured. SMDS was notable for its initial introduction of the 53-byte cell and cell switching approaches, as well as the method of inserting 53-byte cells onto G.703 and SONET. In the mid-1990s, SMDS was replaced, largely by Frame Relay.

References

External links 
 Cisco guide to SMDS
 SMDS | SIP Protocol

Computer networking
Ronald T. Kadish. Lt. Gen. Ronald T. Kadish, Ret. (born April 6, 1948) is a United States Air Force officer who rose to head the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization and the Missile Defense Agency within the United States Department of Defense.

Biography
Born in Kingston, Pennsylvania, Kadish attended the Cardinal O'Hara High School and earned a bachelor's degree in chemistry in 1970 from St. Joseph's University in Philadelphia and joined the Air Force through the OTS program. He trained as a pilot on the C-130E aircraft and, as a pilot and instructor, logged over 2,500 flight hours.

By the early 1990s, Kadish had risen through the ranks to the posts of Program Director of the F-15, F-16, and C-17 programs at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. From 1996 to 1999, he commanded the Electronic Systems Center at Hanscom Air Force Base, and in 1999 was named director of the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization in The Pentagon.

From January 2002 until his retirement in September 2004, Kadish headed the Missile Defense Agency. His name was circulated as a possible NASA administrator following the 2004 resignation of Sean O'Keefe. He now works at Booz Allen Hamilton.

Awards and decorations

External links

References 

United States Air Force generals
1948 births
Living people
Saint Joseph's University alumni
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
Missile Defense Agency
Recipients of the Defense Distinguished Service Medal
Recipients of the Air Force Distinguished Service Medal
Booz Allen Hamilton people
Centro de Enseñanza Técnica Industrial. The Centro de Enseñanza Técnica Industrial (Technical and Industrial Teaching Center), or CETI, is a public, decentralized and federal educative institution in Guadalajara, in the state of Jalisco, Mexico.

CETI is a university involved in the formation of professionals in technology, with self-initiative, quality and skills appropriate in generating and applying technology and innovation. It also promotes research and offers technological services in strategic areas for the development of the industrial sector in the region.

There exist three campuses in Guadalajara's Metropolitan Zone: Plantel Colomos, in the Fraccionamiento Providencia, Plantel Tonalá, in the Municipio de Tonalá and Plantel Rio Santigo in the Fracc. Urbi Paseos de Santiago II, also in the Municipio de Tonalá.

Currently it offers several degrees using the French-based Technologist Educative Model Tecnólogo, and various degrees in engineering (with specializations).

Technologist degrees

In Campus Colomos:

 Tecnólogo en Desarrollo de Software (Software Development)
 Tecnólogo en Control Automático e Instrumentación (Automatic Control and Instrumentation)
 Tecnólogo en Construcción (Urban Building)
 Tecnólogo en Electrónica y Comunicaciones (Electronics and Communications)
 Tecnólogo en Electromecánica (Electromechanics)
 Tecnólogo en Máquinas-Herramienta (Machine Tools and Machining)
 Tecnólogo en Mecánica Automotriz (Automobile Mechanics)
 Tecnólogo Químico en Fármacos (Medicine Processing and Manufacturing)

In Campus Tonalá:

 Tecnólogo en Desarrollo de Software (Software Development)
 Tecnólogo en Calidad Total y Productividad (Total Quality Control and Productivity)
 Tecnólogo Químico Industrial (Industrial Chemistry)
 Tecnólogo Químico en Alimentos (Food Processing and Manufacturing)
 Tecnólogo Químico en Fármacos (Medicine Processing and Manufacturing)
 Tecnólogo en Desarrollo Electrónico (Electronics Development and Design)

In Campus Rio Santiago:

 Tecnólogo en Desarrollo de Software (Software Development)
 Tecnólogo en Calidad Total y Productividad (Total Quality Control and Productivity)

Engineering degrees

In Campus Colomos:

 Ingeniería Industrial (Industrial Engineering)
 Ingeniería Mecatrónica (Mechatronics Engineering)
 Ingeniería en Diseño Electrónico y Sistemas Inteligentes (Electronic Design and Intelligent Systems Engineering)
 Ingeniería en Desarrollo de Software (Software Development Engineering)
 Ingeniería Civil Sustentable

In Campus Tonalá:

 Ingeniería Bioquímica (Biochemical Engineering)
 Ingeniería en Desarrollo de Software (Software Development Engineering)

References

External links
 
 Campus Colomos campus website
 Campus Tonalá campus website
 Campus Río Santiago

Universities in Guadalajara, Jalisco
Technical universities and colleges in Mexico
C-One. The C-One is a single-board computer (SBC) created in 2002 as an enhanced version of the Commodore 64, a home computer popular in the 1980s. Designed by Jeri Ellsworth and Jens Schönfeld from Individual Computers, who manufactured the boards themselves, the C-One has been re-engineered to allow cloning of other 8-bit computers.

Design
The machine uses a combination of configurable Altera field-programmable gate array (FPGA) chips and modular CPU expansion cards to create compatibility modes that duplicate the function of many older home computers.  The default CPU is the W65C816S (by Western Design Center) which is used in Commodore 64 compatibility mode as well as the C-One's native operating mode. The C-One is not merely a software emulator, it loads various core files from a card to configure the FPGA hardware to recreate the operation of the core logic chipsets found in vintage computers.  This provides for a very accurate and customizable hardware emulation platform.  The C-One is not limited to recreating historical computers: its programmable core logic can be used to create entirely new custom computer designs.

In 2004, the platform was expanded to include an Amstrad CPC core made by Tobias Gubener.

In 2006, Peter Wendrich ported his FPGA-64 project (originally intended for a Xilinx FPGA) and enhanced it for the C-One. This core supported both PAL and NTSC machine emulation, and aimed to be cycle-exact and emulate many of the bugs and quirks of the original hardware.

In 2008, after development of an "Extender" card which added a third FPGA, Tobias Gubener added Amiga 500 compatibility by porting Dennis van Weeren's Minimig code to the board. This core replaced the physical 68000 CPU and the PIC chip from the original with his own TG68 CPU core on the FPGA.  developments to this core include features not possible with the original Minimig board.

In 2009, Peter Wendrich released a "preview" of a next-generation C64 core called "Chameleon 64", with a greatly expanded specification compared to his earlier core. A new version of the CPC core was also released in mid-2009, featuring an embedded SymbOS core for control of device emulation, and a clock unlocked mode for CPU speeds of up to 80 MHz.

So far, C-One circuit boards have been produced by German company Individual Computers, and they  sell for €333 with the FPGA extender card.

See also
 C64 Direct-to-TV
 Sprinter (computer)
 1chipMSX

References

External links
 
 Wiki
 Retroputing's forum on the C-One
 Yahoo's C-One Group
 Yahoo group for technical discussion about development of cores for the C-One

Home computer remakes
Microcomputers
6502-based home computers
Home computers
Commodore 64
Amstrad CPC
Reconfigurable computing
Computer-related introductions in 2002
1922 in rail transport. 

Events

May events 
 May 17 – The Arkansas Short Line Railroad, a predecessor of St. Louis Southwestern Railway, is incorporated.

July events 
 July 1 – The Great Railroad Strike of 1922 begins in the United States, coinciding with a reduction in railroad shop wages by seven cents per day mandated by the Railroad Labor Board. Continues until September 1.

August events 
 August 31 – H. L. Hamilton and Paul Turner form a company called Electro-Motive Engineering (later to become General Motors Electro-Motive Division) in Cleveland, Ohio.

October events 
 October – International Union of Railways (UIC) established in Paris to promote co-operation and standardisation.
 October 22 – Stuttgart Hauptbahnhof (first stage) opened in Germany.

November events 
 The first Willamette locomotive is built for Coos Bay Lumber Company of Marshfield, Oregon.
 July 26 – The Drammen Line in Norway takes electric traction into use between Oslo West Station and Brakerøya.

December events 
 December 9 – Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée resumes the Calais-Mediterranée Express, now known as Le Train Bleu because of its Wagons-Lits cars, between Calais Gare Maritime and Menton on the French Riviera.

Unknown date events 
 The New York Central acquires the Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad (the Big Four Railroad).
 Sir Henry Thornton succeeds David Blyth Hanna as president of Canadian National Railway.
 George Hughes succeeds H. P. M. Beames as Chief Mechanical Engineer of the London and North Western Railway.

Births

February births 
 February 27 – Robert B. Claytor, president of Norfolk and Western Railway (died 1993)

March births 
 March 22 – Livio Dante Porta, Argentinian steam locomotive mechanical engineer (died 2003)

July births 
 July 20 – Alan Stephenson Boyd, first United States Secretary of Transportation 1966–1969, president of Illinois Central Railroad 1969-1972, president of Amtrak (died 2020)

Deaths

See also 
 List of rail accidents (1920–1929)

References
1805 in rail transport. 

Events

Births

June births
 June 15 – William Butler Ogden, president of the Chicago and North Western Railway (d. 1877).

August births 
 August 9 – Joseph Locke, English civil engineer who became Chief Engineer on the Grand Junction Railway (d. 1860).

November births 
 November 7 – Thomas Brassey, English railway contractor who supervised the construction of more than 6500 miles ( km) of track around the world (d. 1870).

Unknown date births
 George S. Griggs, pioneering master mechanic in American steam locomotive manufacturing (d. 1870).
 William Swinburne, American locomotive designer and builder (d. 1883).

Deaths

References
CGL. CGL may refer to:

Cambridge Greek Lexicon
Catalyst Game Labs
Core OpenGL: Apple Computer's Macintosh Quartz windowing system interface to the Mac OS X implementation of the OpenGL specification
Conway's Game of Life
Chengalpattu Junction railway station (station code), in Tamil Nadu, India
Chronic granulocytic leukemia, also known as Chronic myelogenous leukemia
Coastal GasLink
Confederazione Generale del Lavoro
Commercial General Liability, a common type of liability insurance
CGL (charity)
Bridgman seal. A Bridgman seal, invented by and named after Percy Williams Bridgman, can be used to seal a pressure chamber and compress its contents to high pressures (up to 40,000 MPa), without the seal leaking and releasing the pressure

A cylindrical driving piston is mounted within a cylindrical channel that is closed at its far end. This piston presses against a hard steel ring, followed by a softer steel ring, and then a ring of more viscous or elastic material such as rubber, copper or soap stone, all within the channel. These three intermediate stages provide an inner cylinder, and the third stage bears on a specially shaped final steel piston that applies the force to pressurize material held at the end of the outer, enclosing channel. The final piston consists of a wider portion that fills the main channel, and a narrower cylindrical extension that leads back through the inner channel formed by the three ring-shaped intermediate stages, ending within the hard steel ring without making direct contact with the driving piston. This arrangement ensures that higher pressures create tighter seals that resist any leakage from the material at the end, since the pressure within the last and softest ring is greater than that in the material at the end.

This arrangement has much in common with the earlier de Bange breech obturator system used to prevent the escape of gasses from breech loading artillery, whether inspired by that or independently invented, with the important further feature that Bridgman's system does not merely resist the escape of material under pressure while stationary, it applies that pressure by movement within the pressurising equipment.

Bridgman's previous pressurizing arrangement, a screw with a 2-m spanner, allowed him to get pressures of up to 400 MPa; the Bridgman seal allowed pressures up to 40,000 MPa. These are typical pressures expected in the Earth's internal structure. This advance allowed him to make many discoveries, including the high-pressure phases of ice (still known by the Bridgman nomenclature), high-pressure minerals, and novel high-pressure material properties. These discoveries were important in many fields of science and engineering. Bridgman won a Nobel Prize for his work.

References

Seals (mechanical)