omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Michael P. Collins. Michael Patrick Collins  is a Canadian structural engineer whose research is focused on the design and evaluation of reinforced and prestressed concrete buildings, bridges, nuclear containment structures and offshore oil platforms.

Biography
Collins received his BE from the University of Canterbury in New Zealand in 1964 and his PhD from the University of New South Wales in Australia in 1968. He joined the University of Toronto in 1969, was appointed to the Bahen-Tanenbaum Chair in Civil Engineering in 1995 and was selected as a University Professor in 1999. He is currently working on his Doctorate of Science.

Collins has concentrated his research effort on understanding how cracked reinforced concrete resists shear stress. Shear failures can cause concrete structures to collapse without warning and hence, accurate analytical models for shear behaviour are critical for public safety. Unfortunately, most traditional shear design procedures rely upon empirical design rules which lack a rigorous theoretical basis and can be dangerous if applied to new situations. The Compression Field Theory, and subsequently the Modified Compression Field Theory, developed by Professor Collins and his colleagues at the University of Toronto, Division of Engineering Science, provides a rational basis for shear design and has received worldwide recognition. A Simplified Modified Compression Field Theory is currently the design standard in the Canadian CAN/CSA A23.3-04 which is the basic truss model, and soon to be updated and included in the European Building Code. He is the author of over 80 technical papers, 8 of which have received a research prize.

In 2005, Collins was chosen as one of 10 provincial finalists in TVOntario’s first Best Lecturer competition. In 2011, Collins was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.

References

Canadian civil engineers
Living people
Structural engineers
University of Canterbury alumni
University of New South Wales alumni
Academic staff of the University of Toronto
Engineers from Toronto
Scientists from Toronto
20th-century Canadian scientists
21st-century Canadian scientists
20th-century Canadian engineers
21st-century Canadian engineers
Year of birth missing (living people)
New Zealand emigrants to Canada
Members of the Order of Canada
People from Oakville, Ontario
Atari Pascal. The Atari Pascal Language System (usually shortened to Atari Pascal) is a version of the Pascal programming language released by Atari, Inc. for the Atari 8-bit computers in March 1982. Atari Pascal was published through the Atari Program Exchange as unsupported software instead of in Atari's official product line. It requires two disk drives, which greatly limited its potential audience. It includes a 161-page manual.

Development
Atari Pascal was developed by MT Microsystems, which was owned by Digital Research. It's similar to MT/PASCAL+ from the same company. The compiler produces code for a virtual machine, as with UCSD Pascal, instead of generating machine code, but the resulting programs are as much as seven times faster than Apple Pascal. MT Microsystems wrote Atari Pascal with a planned "super Atari" 8-bit model in mind, one with 128K of RAM and dual-floppy drives (similar to a common configuration of the 1983 Apple IIe). This machine never materialized, but the software was released because of pressure within Atari, though only through the Atari Program Exchange.

Atari's 1980 in-store demonstration program mentions Pascal as one of the available programming languages, despite Atari Pascal not being released until 1982.

Other Pascal implementations
Draper Pascal for the Atari 8-bit computers was released in 1983, Kyan Pascal in 1986, and CLSN Pascal in 1989. Each works with a single floppy drive, a point emphasized in Draper Pascal magazine ads.

References

1982 software
Atari 8-bit computer software
Pascal (programming language) compilers
Atari Program Exchange software
Atari Logo. Atari Logo is ROM cartridge-based version of the Logo programming language  for the Atari 8-bit computers published by Atari, Inc. in 1983. It was developed by Logo Computer Systems, Inc. (LCSI) in Quebec, Canada. LCSI wrote Apple Logo, and the Atari version maintains strong compatibility with it.

Atari Logo includes commands that support Atari 8-bit enhanced graphics: 4 simultaneous drawing turtles that look like actual turtles instead of triangles, a built-in editor for redefining turtle shapes, and an event handler for collision detection. The TOOT primitive plays a tone on one of two 16-bit audio channels given a frequency, volume, and duration. Atari Logo shipped with a 216-page manual and a 16-page Quick Reference Guide.

Reception
Scott Mace of InfoWorld wrote, "Atari Logo is an excellent product and it enhances the value of Atari computers for learning in the classroom and in the home. It wins the battle with BASIC hands down."

In a 1983 review for ANALOG Computing, Brian Moriarty concluded, "Atari Logo is one of the most intelligently-conceived and well-executed pieces of software ever published by ATARI."

References

External links
Atari Logo at Atari Mania
Computer Art and Animation: A User's Guide to Atari Logo 1984 book by David Thornburg
Logo (ANTIC Interview 435) Cynthia Solomon and Brian Silverman discuss the development of LCSI Logo.

1983 software
Atari 8-bit computer software
Logo programming language family
Case Construction Equipment. Case Construction Equipment (stylized as CASE Construction Equipment, commonly referred to as simply Case) is an Italian manufacturer of construction machinery. Along with CASE IH, Case Construction Equipment is a brand of CNH. Case produces construction equipment including excavators, motor graders, wheel loaders, vibratory compaction rollers, crawler dozers, skid steers, and compact track loaders.

Early history

The origins of Case date to 1842, when Jerome Increase Case (born in 1819) created Racine Threshing Machine Works in Racine, Wisconsin. The company produced its first portable steam engine in 1876, which is now on display at the Smithsonian Institution.

In 1957 Case made the 320 Construction King backhoe loader. Since 1969 Case has manufactured skid steers, starting in Burlington, Iowa and later moving production to Wichita.

Recent history
The company evolved into the Case Corporation, which merged with New Holland in 1999 to become CNH Global which in 2011 became CNH Industrial.

 2005: Case made its 500,000th backhoe loader and in 2010 made its 250,000th skid steer loader.
 2016: Case released the new G-Series wheel loader lineup consisting of seven new models from 521G thru 1121G.
 2017: In its 175th year in business, Case announced its facility in Wichita produced its 300,000th skid-steer loader.
 2017: At Conexpo-Con/Agg 2017 Case released the CX750D excavator.

As of May 2017, according to Trade Arabia, Case "sells a full line of construction equipment around the world, including the number one loader/backhoes, excavators, motor graders, wheel loaders, vibratory compaction rollers, crawler dozers, skid steers, compact track loaders and rough-terrain forklifts."

Products

Case was the first company to introduce the factory-integrated backhoe loader. In February 2017, the firm released an upgraded backhoe loader in Europe, which meets the Stage IV/Tier 4 Final emissions regulations.

In 2017, Case introduced the CX750D Excavator, the 'largest and most powerful machine in the CASE excavator line' according to Construction Equipment Guide.

Case also produces mini excavators.
 

Case builds and sells skid-steer loaders, used on construction sites. Such loaders are small in size, engine powered with lift arms, and fitted with labor-saving tools. Case skid-steer loaders are manufactured in Wichita, Kansas.

Case wheel loaders are used in construction and earthmoving, as well as for agriculture such as dairies and feedlots where it is necessary to move large amounts of material.

See also
 Case IH is CNH Industrial's global provider of agricultural equipment

References

External links
 CASE website

CNH Industrial
Construction equipment manufacturers of the United States
Companies based in Racine, Wisconsin
Single address space operating system. In computer science, a single address space operating system (or SASOS) is an operating system that provides only one globally shared address space for all processes. In a single address space operating system, numerically identical (virtual memory) logical addresses in different processes all refer to exactly the same byte of data.

In a traditional OS with private per-process address space, memory protection is based on address space boundaries ("address space isolation"). Single address-space operating systems make translation and protection orthogonal, which in no way weakens protection. 
The core advantage is that pointers (i.e. memory references) have global validity, meaning their meaning is independent of the process using it. This allows sharing pointer-connected data structures across processes, and making them persistent, i.e. storing them on backup store.

Some processor architectures have direct support for protection independent of translation. On such architectures, a SASOS may be able to perform context switches faster than a traditional OS. Such architectures include Itanium, and Version 5 of the Arm architecture, as well as capability architectures such as CHERI.

A SASOS should not be confused with a flat memory model, which provides no address translation and generally no memory protection. In contrast, a SASOS makes protection orthogonal to translation: it may be possible to name a data item (i.e. know its virtual address) while not being able to access it.

SASOS projects using hardware-based protection include the following:
 Angel 
 IBM i (formerly called OS/400) 
 Iguana at NICTA, Australia
 Mungi at NICTA, Australia
 Nemesis
 Opal
 Scout
 Sombrero

Related are OSes that provide protection through language-level type safety
 Br1X 
 Genera
 JX a research Java OS
 Phantom OS
 Singularity
 Theseus OS
 Torsion

See also 
 Exokernel
Hybrid kernel
Kernel
Microkernel
Nanokernel
Unikernel
Flat memory model
Virtual memory

References

Bibliography 
 . 
 
 
 

Operating systems
Accelerator Test Facility (Japan). The Accelerator Test Facility (KEK-ATF) is a test accelerator in the KEK laboratory in Tsukuba, Japan. It is a test bed for production of the beam for the proposed International Linear Collider (ILC) linear electron-positron collider. Its main goal is to create the super-low-emittance beam which is needed for the ILC.

References

Particle accelerators
Optical tape. Optical tape is a medium for optical storage generally consisting of a long and narrow strip of plastic onto which patterns can be written and from which the patterns can be read back. It shares some technologies with cinema film stock and optical discs, but is compatible with neither. In the 1990s, it was projected that optical tape would be a commonly used, high-capacity, high-speed computer data storage format. At least one working system and several prototypes were developed, but as of 2007, none of these technologies are widely used.

The primary motivation behind developing this technology was the possibility of far greater storage capacities than either magnetic tape or optical discs. For example, the goal of the LOTS project in 1995 was to "achieve a data-transfer rate of at least 100 megabytes per second (MB/s) to store more than 1 terabyte on the IBM cartridge", as well as an average access time of 10 seconds; at the time, these specifications were significantly superior to its primary competitor, magnetic tape, which only stored about 10–50 gigabytes per cartridge and had a data-transfer rate of about 15 MB/s. It was also considered more durable than magnetic tape, since it is not vulnerable to magnetic fields and is read by lasers instead of physical contact with a magnetic head.

See also
Creo — Former manufacturer of Optical tape recorders, now a part of Kodak.
TRAAMS (Tape-based Rapid Access Affordable Mass Storage) — An optical tape technology developed by a consortium led by Terabank, Inc..
LOTS (Laser Optical Tape Storage) — Another optical tape technology developed by LOTS Technology, Inc.

References

Optical computer storage media
Treno Alta Velocità. Treno Alta Velocità SpA (TAV) is special-purpose entity owned by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (itself owned by Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane) for the planning and construction of a high-speed rail network in Italy.

Purpose
The purpose of Treno Alta Velocità is the construction of dedicated high speed rail corridors where conventional lines are already saturated. First focus was the Milan to Salerno and the Turin to Trieste corridors. The aims of the project include: aligning the operations of the Italian rail network to European rail standards; expanding the availability of high-speed rail throughout the country thus improving travel times between Italy's major cities; substantially increasing line capacities and train frequencies, and enhancing safety through updates in train control and signaling. Italy's new high speed lines will be used principally for passenger services during the day (AV – Alta Velocità, High-speed) and for freight (AC – Alta Capacità, High-capacity) during the night. The other aim is to desaturate conventional lines which can be then used for regional transport and commuter services.

See also 
Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane
High-speed rail in Italy
Rail transport in Italy

External links
 Eurostar Italia Alta Velocità

High-speed rail in Italy
Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane
Bluing. Bluing (steel) is a passivation process in which steel is partially protected against rust

Bluing may also refer to:
 Bluing (fabric), a blue dye used to improve the appearance of fabrics 
 Bluing (hair), a blue dye used to improve the appearance of hair
 "bluing" of machine parts to check for tolerances, see engineer's blue

See also
 Bluey (disambiguation)
 Blued (disambiguation)
 Blue (disambiguation)
Manufacturing process management. Manufacturing process management (MPM) is a collection of technologies and methods used to define how products are to be manufactured. MPM differs from ERP/MRP which is used to plan the ordering of materials and other resources, set manufacturing schedules, and compile cost data.

A cornerstone of MPM is the central repository for the integration of all these tools and activities aids in the exploration of alternative production line scenarios; making assembly lines more efficient with the aim of reduced lead time to product launch, shorter product times and reduced work in progress (WIP) inventories as well as allowing rapid response to product or product changes.

 Production process planning
 Manufacturing concept planning
 Factory layout planning and analysis
 work flow simulation.
 walk-path assembly planning
 plant design optimization
 Mixed model line balancing.
 Workloads on multiple stations.
 Process simulation tools e.g. die press lines, manufacturing lines
 Ergonomic simulation and assessment of production assembly tasks
 Resource planning
 Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM)
 Numerical control CNC
 Direct numerical control (DNC)
 Tooling/equipment/fixtures development
 Tooling and Robot work-cell setup and offline programming (OLP)
 Generation of shop floor work instructions
 Time and cost estimates
 ABC – Manufacturing activity-based costing
 Outline of industrial organization
 Quality computer-aided quality assurance (CAQ)
 Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA)
 Statistical process control (SPC)
 Computer aided inspection with coordinate-measuring machine (CMM)
 Tolerance stack-up analysis using PMI models.
 Success measurements
 Overall equipment effectiveness (OEE),
 Communication with other systems
 Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
 Manufacturing operations management (MOM)
 Product data management (PDM)
 SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) real time process monitoring and control
 Human–machine interface (HMI) (or man-machine interface (MMI))
 Distributed control system (DCS)

See also
 List of production topics
 Process management
 Quality management system processes
 Operations Management
 Industrial Management
 Industrial technology
 Industrial Engineering

References

Further reading
 Materials and Manufacturing Processes,  (electronic)  (paper), Taylor & Francis

Product lifecycle management

Engineering management
Manufacturing
MPM. MPM may refer to:

Biology
 MPM (psychedelic), a psychedelic drug
 Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
 Matrix population models

Computing and technology
 MPM (automobile), an automobile built in Mount Pleasant, Michigan, 1914–1915
 MP/M (Multi-Programming Monitor Control Program), a Digital Research operating system
 Manufacturing process management, to define how products are to be manufactured
 Manufacturing Programming Mode, a configuration mode of the BIOS on some HP computers
 Material point method, a numerical technique to simulate the behavior of solids, liquids, gases
 Microwave Power Module, a microwave device to amplify radio frequency signals
 Request processing modes, a feature of the Apache HTTP Server
 Apache MultiProcessing Modules, part of the Apache HTTP Server architecture

Education
 Master of Project Management, a graduate degree
 Master of Public Management
 Master of Science in Project Management

Other uses
 Maputo International Airport (IATA code: MPM), in Maputo, Mozambique
 Marginal propensity to import
 Measures per minute, a measure of musical tempo
 Metra potential method, a means of describing, organizing, and planning a project
 Mid-Pacific Mountains, an oceanic plateau in the Pacific Ocean
 Milwaukee Public Museum
 Moviment Patrijotti Maltin, a Maltese anti-immigration political party
 Movimiento Peronista Montonero, Argentine guerrilla group the Montoneros
 Mysore Paper Mills, at Bhadravathi in the Shimoga district of Karnataka state, India
Henryk Sawistowski. Henryk Sawistowski (February 11, 1925 – December 19, 1984) was a Polish-born British academic.

He was born in 1925 in Grudziądz, Poland.

Sawistowski started his education in Grudziądz, during World War II while in military service. After the war he moved to London, England.

In 1974, after earning a diploma he became a lecturer at his school - the Imperial College London gradually rising the ranks to vice-president of Institution of Chemical Engineers in 1981 and dean of City and Guilds college until his death in 1984.

References

1925 births
1984 deaths
People from Grudziądz
Polish academics
Deans of the City and Guilds College
Polish emigrants to the United Kingdom
Academics of Imperial College London
Radite. Radite is a trade name for an early plastic, formed of pyroxylin—a partially nitrated cellulose— manufactured by DuPont and introduced by the Sheaffer Pen Company in 1924 when plastics were first used as a material for pen manufacture. 

Sheaffer's Radite pens were the first commercial plastic pens, and Sheaffer marketed the material as "indestructible." Jade green in color, the pens were best sellers at the time. The material is credited with helping Sheaffer capture 25% of the market.

Radite is extremely similar to other celluloid pen materials trademarked at the time, such as Permanite, Pyralin, Fiberloid, Viscoloid, and Herculoid.

References

Plastics
Linishing. Linishing is the process of using grinding or belt sanding techniques to improve the flatness, smoothness and uniformity of a surface and its finish. The process takes multiple stages, and a finer abrasive surface is typically used each time. Abrasive brushes and linishing belts are typically used, the latter being a machine similar to a belt sander used for large surfaces. Large linishing belts are used in large-scale industrial linishing processes. Hand tools similar to linishing belts but much smaller and more suitable for small surfaces are also used.

References

Grinding and lapping
Machine tools
Surface finishing
AMC-3. AMC-3 (formerly GE-3) is a commercial broadcast communications satellite owned by SES (and formerly GE Americom, then SES Americom, then SES World Skies). Launched on 4 September 1997, from Cape Canaveral, Florida, AMC-3 is a hybrid C-band / Ku-band satellite. It provides coverage to Canada, United States, Mexico, Caribbean. Located in a geostationary orbit parallel to the Yucatán Peninsula and Great Lakes, AMC-3 provides service to commercial and government customers, with programming distribution, satellite news gathering and broadcast internet capabilities.

Eagle-1 
In January 2017, the AMC-3 Ku-band payload was sold to Global Eagle Entertainment (GEE), a provider of satellite-based connectivity and media to mobility markets, such as passenger aircraft. GEE purchased all the capacity on the satellite to support aeronautical customers, in particular Southwest Airlines, the company's largest customer, and rebranded the satellite as Eagle-1. The satellite remains under the control of SES S.A.

References

External links 
 AMC-3 at SES.com
 Global Eagle Entertainment website 
 
 
 

Communications satellites in geostationary orbit
Satellite television
Spacecraft launched in 1997
SES satellites
AMC-03
AN/APG-65 radar family. The AN/APG-65 and AN/APG-73 are designations for a family of all-weather multimode airborne radar systems designed by Hughes Aircraft (now Raytheon) for the F/A-18 Hornet, and used on a variety of fighter aircraft types. The APG-79 is an upgraded AESA version.

These I band (8 to 12 GHz) pulse-Doppler radar systems are designed for both air-to-air and air-to-surface missions. For air-to-air operations they incorporate a variety of search, track and track-while-scan modes to give the pilot a complete look-down/shoot-down capability. Air-to-surface modes include Doppler beam sharpened sector and patch mapping, medium range synthetic aperture radar, fixed and moving ground target track and sea surface search. In the F/A-18, the radar is installed in a slide-out nose rack to facilitate maintenance.

AN/APG-65 

The APG-65 was developed in the late 1970s and has been operational since 1983. The radar includes a velocity search (to provide maximum detection range capability against nose aspect targets), range-while-search (to detect all-aspect targets), track-while-scan (which, when combined with an autonomous missile such as AIM-120, gives the aircraft a fire-and-forget capability), single target track, gun director and raid assessment (which enables the operator to expand the region centred on a single tracked target, permitting radar separation of closely spaced targets) operating modes.

Although no longer in production, the APG-65 remains in service in F/A-18 Hornet strike fighters of the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps, and the air forces of Canada, Kuwait, and Spain. It has also been adapted to upgrade the German and Greek F-4 Phantom aircraft, and the AV-8B Harrier II Plus for the U.S. Marine Corps and the Spanish and Italian Navies.

AN/APG-73 
The APG-73 is a late 1980s "upgrade of the APG-65 that provides higher throughputs, greater memory capacity, improved reliability, and easier maintenance". To reduce production costs, many of the upgraded radar's modules are common with the APG-70 (F-15E Strike Eagle) radar; its software engineers chose the JOVIAL programming language so that they could borrow and adapt existing software written for the APG-70. When fitted with a motion-sensing subsystem and stretch waveform generator and special test equipment, the APG-73 can generate high resolution ground maps and make use of 'advanced' image correlation algorithms to enhance weapon designation accuracy.

Since 1992 the APG-73 has been operational in U.S. Navy and Marine Corps F/A-18C/D Hornet aircraft; early models of the U.S. Navy F/A-18E/F Super Hornet; and in the air forces of Finland, Switzerland, Malaysia, Canada, and Australia. A total of 932 APG-73 systems were delivered, with the final delivery in 2006.

References

See also

List of radars
List of military electronics of the United States

Aircraft radars
Hughes Aircraft Company
Raytheon Company products
Military radars of the United States
Synthetic aperture radar
Military equipment introduced in the 1980s
Military electronics of the United States