omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Movax. Movax is a developer and manufacturer of excavator-mounted, automatically controlled piling and foundation equipment and the inventor of the patented modular side grip technology. The product range includes a selection of excavator-mounted accessories like side grip vibratory pile drivers (SG), impact-type piling hammers (DH), piling drills (KB/TAD), multi-tool piling leaders (MPL) and stabilization leaders (MSL).

Movax equipment utilize the excavator’s unaltered standard auxiliary hydraulics. A single excavator can alternate between multiple different Movax attachments – this can be made even faster with a quick coupler. The range of different piles includes, but is not limited to, sheet piles, tubulars steel piles, H-beams, and timber piles. The devices can be used in virtually every type of climate and soil conditions.
The most recognized item of the product range is the Movax SG Side Grip Vibratory Pile Driver, also available with the resonance-free variable eccentric moment. This means, that by cancelling the unwanted vibrations during start-up and shut-down, working in a sensitive environment becomes safer and less disruptive. A good example would be an urban environment with buildings in close proximity.

Movax excavator attachments are controlled via the Movax mControl+ (PRO or LITE), that also provides real-time information about the angle of the device, frequency, height, and oil pressure, etc. mControl+ PRO offers the automatic TipControl that works with the operator to ensure that the driven piles travel in a straight vertical line, so even less experienced operators are able to reach decent results faster.

Movax Information Management System (MIMS) includes mLogbook (for recording and analyzing the process data) and mFleetCare (for monitoring Movax's status).

Movax products are manufactured by Movax Oy Ltd. in Hämeenlinna, Finland. Movax Oy Ltd. is privately-owned and a part of the Finnish Terra Patris Group. Hercules Machinery Corporation (HMC), located in Fort Wayne, IN, is Movax Oy Ltd.’s only licensed manufacturer for patented Movax Side Grip Sheet Pilers and distributes them exclusively in North America.

References

External links
https://www.movax.com
http://www.hmc-us.com/

Excavators
Construction equipment manufacturers of Finland
Finnish brands
Leonid Sedov. Leonid Ivanovich Sedov (; 14 November 1907, Rostov-on-Don – 5 September 1999, Moscow) was a Russian physicist who worked as an engineer in the former Soviet space program.

In 1930 Sedov graduated from the Moscow State University, where he had been a student of Sergey Chaplygin, with the degree of Doctor of Physics and Mathematical Sciences. He later became a professor at the university.

During World War II, he devised the so-called Sedov Similarity Solution for a blast wave. In 1947 he was awarded the . He was the first chairman of the USSR Space Exploration program and broke first news of its existence in 1955. He was president of the International Astronautical Federation (IAF) from 1959 to 1961. Until recently, it had been thought that Sedov was the principal engineer behind the Soviet Sputnik project.

Awards and honors

 Order of the Badge of Honour (1943)
 Two Orders of the Red Banner of Labour (1945, 1961)
 Stalin Prize, 2nd class (1952)
 Six Orders of Lenin (1954, 1963, 1967, 1975, 1980, 1987)
 Hero of Socialist Labour (1967)
 Allan D. Emil Memorial Award (1981)
 Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 4th class (1998)

See also
Taylor–von Neumann–Sedov blast wave

References

Bibliography 
Reference to 1955 announcement
Obituary notice in Minutes of General Assembly Meetings, 2000 section
Sedov, L. I., 1959, Similarity and Dimensional Methods in Mechanics, 4th edn. Academic.
 L.I. Sedov, A course in continuum mechanics. Volumes. I-IV. Wolters-Noordhoff Publishing, Netherlands, 1971.
Sedov, L. I., "Propagation of strong shock waves," Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Vol. 10, pages 241–250 (1946). (See also: Barber–Layden–Power effect)
Reference to confusion with Ukrainian physicist Sergei Korolyov .

1907 births
1999 deaths
20th-century Russian mathematicians
20th-century Russian physicists
Scientists from Rostov-on-Don
Academic staff of the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology
Academic staff of the Steklov Institute of Mathematics
Baranov Central Institute of Aviation Motors employees
Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute employees
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Foreign members of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts
Full Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
Members of the French Academy of Sciences
Members of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
Commanders of the Legion of Honour
Heroes of Socialist Labour
Recipients of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 4th class
Recipients of the Order of the Badge of Honour
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
Recipients of the Stalin Prize
Aerodynamicists
Russian mathematicians
Russian physicists
Russian space program personnel
Soviet  inventors

Soviet mathematicians
Soviet physicists
Soviet space program personnel
Burials in Troyekurovskoye Cemetery
Helicam. The Helicam is a remote-controlled mini helicopter used to obtain aerial pictures or motion images using video, still or motion film cameras. The remote controlled camera mount system allows pan, tilt and roll movements. A wireless onboard video transmitter downlinks the live signal to the camera operator, images can be recorded on board, on the ground or both. The system is controlled by two operators with independent controls: the helicam pilot and camera operator.

One of the characteristics of the helicam is the flexibility and small size. The system can be flown practically everywhere providing a small spot of about 4 square meters is available to take off and land. Flight endurance ranges from 15 to 30 minutes, refueling can be done in seconds.

Helicams are used in film, sports and a variety of media.

References

Radio-controlled helicopters
Reconnaissance aircraft
Aerial cameras
IÉ 2700 and 2750 Classes. The 2700 and 2750 Classes (nicknamed "Sparrows" [Spanish Arrows]) were two related types of diesel multiple unit operated by Iarnród Éireann. The 2700 Class units were 2-car sets; 25 cars were built by GEC Alsthom in 1997 and 1998, and began entering service in December 1998. Each car weighed  and was fitted with a  underfloor Cummins engine with a maximum service speed of .

History
From July 2004 to April 2005 they were used in six-piece sets on the Dublin-Rosslare InterCity services, before being replaced by newer units. The entire class was then based in Limerick, with one set outbased in Ballina to operate the Ballina - Manulla Junction shuttle, while it also operated an Athlone - Galway service on Fridays. A further set operated morning and evening Athenry - Galway commuter services during its layover from Limerick - Galway services. Otherwise the class operated all services from Limerick (save direct Limerick-Heuston trains) and services from Limerick Junction to Waterford.

They were capable of operation in consists of up to 10 cars. In addition to the 2-car units, two single car units were constructed. These units were classed as 2750 Class, and had a cab at each end so that they could operate either singly or as part of a set.

Even numbered cars had 62 seats while odd numbered cars contained 55 seats and a toilet. There were some exceptions however; the two 2750 Class units had 53 seats each, due to having cabs at both ends, while 2719 and 2721 had 50 seats each and included a bicycle storage area. The original black and orange Arrow livery was replaced by the newly introduced Commuter livery in 2004, upon the start of the sectorisation of Iarnród Éireann's operations.

In 2010, Iarnród Éireann began major overhauls of the 2700 and 2750 Classes, the most prominent feature of which was the removal of the end gangways, which had been unused for some time. This coincided with the addition of a new livery based on the 22000 Class colour scheme.

2716 suffered collision damage on 3 June 2000. Following repairs, it was coupled with 2609, part of the 2600 class.

In July 2012, the majority of the class was withdrawn and put into storage; by September 2012 the entire fleet had been withdrawn and was put up for sale. As of 2018, the entire 2700 fleet remains decommissioned at Inchicore Works in Dublin and in the sheds at Cork Kent.

In October 2017, Irish Rail put out to tender the reactivation and refurbishment of 10 2700 sets, which were due to re-enter service in early 2019 in order to free up ICR sets for busier Dublin area services. However, this plan was cancelled in 2018.

During 2022, the 2700s stored at Inchicore were removed from the rails and stored off-track to make more space for other rolling stock.

Fleet details

Models
Bachmann had produced a OO gauge model of 2715/2716 in the Commuter livery. However, this was done using a repainted British Rail Class 158 rather than accurate tooling to make the bodywork of the 2700 class.

References

External links

 Irish Rail Fleet Information page 

Iarnród Éireann multiple units
Alstom multiple units
Train-related introductions in 1997
AMD Am9080. The  Am9080  was a CPU manufactured by AMD. Originally produced without license as a clone of the Intel 8080, the processor was reverse-engineered by Ashawna Hailey, Kim Hailey and Jay Kumar by photographing an early Intel chip and developing a schematic and logic diagrams from the images. In initial production, the chips cost about 50 cents to make, yielding 100 chips per wafer, and were sold into the military market for $700 each. This CPU operated at a speed of 2 MHz. Later, an agreement was made with Intel to become a licensed second source for the 8080, enabling both manufacturers' chips to break into markets that would not accept a single-sourced part.

References 

Am9080
Bang! Gunship Elite. Bang! Gunship Elite is a space combat simulator developed by French studio RayLand was released for Windows and Dreamcast. It allows the player to fly a combat spacecraft in a fully 3D environment and fight enemies piloting similar craft to their own.

Plot
The excitement begins when one accepts the controls behind a futuristic space fighter. The war has taken a turn for the worse and fighter pilots are few and scarce in the Twin Suns solar system. The Kha reserves have been drained, and the Alliance has nowhere to turn except to a rookie who must prematurely aid them in the war effort. Players will join this Gunship Elite in order to save the Alliance's crusade and ultimately defeat the Sektar and the bloodthirsty Morgoths. The missions will be complex and next to impossible given the circumstances. Pilots will have to fly solo, kamikaze style, without any tactical support in order to accomplish their mission.

Reception

The game received "mixed or average reviews" on both platforms according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. Jim Preston of NextGen gave both the PC and Dreamcast versions mixed reviews in two separate issues, first calling the former "A gorgeous but simplistic shooter that will give action fans a short yet fun ride" (#70, October 2000); and later saying that the latter "reminds us of the charm of manic shooters from yesteryear, but it also reminds us why we don't play those games anymore" (#74, February 2001).

John Marrin of GamePro said of the PC version, "Space sim veterans won't find much to challenge their dogfighting skills in Gunship, but the overall difficulty of the missions makes up for it somewhat. If you're up for a relatively mindless space shooter (not simulation), then Gunship should fit the bill nicely." Later, Four-Eyed Dragon said of the Dreamcast version, "All told, Starlancer is still the premier Dreamcast star fighter, yet, if you crave a simple bang for your buck in outer space without any engaging story or strategy, Bang should be your choice."

Notes

References

External links

2000 video games
Dreamcast games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
RayLand Interactive games
Red Storm Entertainment games
Space combat simulators
Video games developed in France
Windows games
Frank Vickerman. Frank Vickerman was a man in the early 19th century who lived in the West Riding of Yorkshire, who owned a wool processing factory at Taylor Hill that was attacked by the Luddites on 15 March 1812. The factory was destroyed, and arson was attempted. Vickerman was targeted by this antitechnological growth organization partly because the machines in his factory were taking the jobs of actual people but also because he had been previously involved in an anti-Luddite committee.

References

External links
 http://ludditebicentenary.blogspot.com.au/2012/10/10th-october-1812-huddersfield.html

People of the Industrial Revolution
British textile industry businesspeople
People from Huddersfield
Taito F3 System. The Taito F3 Package System (Taito Cybercore in North America) is a 32-bit arcade system board released by Taito in 1992.

Specifications
 CPU: Motorola MC68EC020;
 Sound CPU: Motorola MC68000;
 Sound chip: Ensoniq ES5505 and ES5510 (DSP);
 Video resolution: 320×224;
 Board composition: Board and F3 cartridge;
 Hardware features: four scrolling layers, two sprite banks, Alpha blending

Games
 Arabian Magic
 Arkanoid Returns
 Bubble Memories
 Bubble Symphony / Bubble Bobble 2
 Cleopatra Fortune
 Command War - Super Special Battle & War Game
 Darius Gaiden - Silver Hawk
 Dungeon Magic
 Elevator Action Returns
 Gekirindan
 Grid Seeker
 International Cup '94
 Kaiser Knuckle / Global Champion / Dan-Ku-Ga
 Kirameki Star Road
 LandMaker
 Puzzle Bobble 2 / Bust-A-Move Again
 Puzzle Bobble 2x
 Puzzle Bobble 3
 Puzzle Bobble 4
 Pop 'N Pop
 Puchi Carat
 Quiz Theater
 Moriguchi Hiroko no Quiz de Hyuu! Hyuu!
 RayForce
 Recalhorn
 Riding Fight
 Ring Rage
 Super Cup Finals
 Space Invaders '95 - The Attack of Lunar Loonies
 Top Ranking Stars
 Twin Cobra II

References

External links
 System16 - The Arcade Museum
 Taito F3 System arcade hardware games list and statistics

Taito arcade system boards
68k-based arcade system boards
Walnut Lane Memorial Bridge. The original Walnut Lane Memorial Bridge was a prestressed concrete girder bridge in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, designed by Belgian Engineer Gustave Magnel  and built by the City of Philadelphia.  Completed and fully opened to traffic in 1951, this three-span bridge carried Walnut Lane over Lincoln Drive and Monoshone Creek.  It was the first major prestressed concrete beam bridge designed and built in the United States when completed.

The form of the bridge was simple, and it looked similar to many highway bridges carrying traffic on US highways today.  The bridge deck was supported by thirteen concrete girders, each spanning .  These girders were prestressed by post-tensioning four wire cables embedded in the concrete.  Although this type of construction had been used in Europe for quite some time, the Walnut Lane Memorial Bridge was innovative in the United States and led to the successful application of this technology in this country.  The material-saving bridge cost about $700,000 to construct, about 30 percent cheaper than a regular concrete arch design.

The fascia (external) beams of the main span exhibited longitudinal cracks in about 1957. The other girders exhibited no cracks. Through the years, the cracks in the fascia beams were repaired and monitored. However, in 1989, the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation made the decision to replace the bridge superstructure. Because of the historical significance of the structure, the decision was controversial. However, the replacement structure (the new Walnut Lane Memorial Bridge) comprises prestressed concrete girders and is similar in appearance to the original. The new bridge was completed in 1990.

A bronze plaque on the bridge's abutment reads:

A second plaque reads: "Outstanding Civil Engineering Achievement / Designated May 1978"

See also
List of bridges documented by the Historic American Engineering Record in Pennsylvania

References
Zollman, Charles C.; Depman, Frank; Nagle, Joseph; and Hollander, Edward F., "Building and Rebuilding of Philadelphia's Walnut Lane Memorial Bridge. Part 1: A History of Design, Construction, and Service Life," PCI Journal, V. 37, No. 3, May–June 1992, pp. 66–82.
Zollman, Charles C.; Depman, Frank; Nagle, Joseph; and Hollander, Edward F., "Building and Rebuilding of Philadelphia's Walnut Lane Memorial Bridge. Part 2: Demolition and Rebuilding of the Superstructure," PCI Journal, V. 37, No. 4, July–August 1992, pp. 64–82.
William H. Shank, "Historic Bridges of Pennsylvania", revised ed. (York, PA: American Canal & Transportation Center, 1980), pp. 3–4.
Newton Copp and Andrew Zanella, "A Balancing of Forces and Moments: The Walnut Lane Bridge", Discovery, Innovation, and Risk: Cade Studies in Science and Technology (Cambridge, MA: M.I.T. Press, 1993), pp. 200–214.

External links

Bridges completed in 1950
Bridges in Philadelphia
Concrete bridges in the United States
Girder bridges in the United States
Historic American Engineering Record in Philadelphia
Philadelphia Register of Historic Places
Road bridges in Pennsylvania
Emil Cohen. Emil Wilhelm Cohen (12 October 1842 – 13 April 1905) was a German mineralogist and petrographer, born in Jutland.

Professional life
Cohen studied at the universities of Berlin and Heidelberg and from 1867 to 1872 was a mineralogy assistant in the latter. He then spent 18 months in South Africa, where he studied diamond and gold deposits.

Cohen devoted his following years to mineralogy and drafting descriptions of his African explorations. Through his Sammlung von Mikrophotographien zur Veranschaulichung der mikroskopischen Structur von Mineralien und Gesteinen] (1881–83; "Collection of Microphotographs on the microscopic Structure of Minerals and Rocks"), he founded modern petrography.

In 1878 Cohen became professor of petrography at Strasbourg and Director of the Geological Survey for Alsace and Lorraine. In 1885 he was made professor of mineralogy at the University of Greifswald. There he started work on meteorites, one of the first mineralogists to describe the petrography of iron meteorites and their accessory minerals. Beside detecting diamonds, he isolated and analyzed an iron carbide mineral there, later named Cohenite for him.

Publications
 Geognostisch-petrographische Skizzen aus Südafrika (1874)
 Erläuternde Bemerkungen zu der Routenkarte einer Reise Lydenburg• nach den Goldfeldern und von Lydenburg nach der Delagoabai im östlichen Südafrika ( 1875)
 Sammlung von Mikrophotographien zur Veranschaulichung der mikroskopischen Struktur von Mineralien und Gesteinen (1881–83; third edition, 1899)
 Meteoritenkunde (second edition, 1903)
 Meteoreisenstudien (1891-1900, eleven numbers)

See also
 Glossary of meteoritics
 Cementite

References

German mineralogists
German science writers
1842 births
1905 deaths
Meteorite researchers
German male non-fiction writers
SAFA programme. The Safety Assessment of Foreign Aircraft Programme (SAFA Programme) is a programme established by the European Civil Aviation Conference (ECAC). Within the SAFA programme, ramp inspections made by the regulatory authorities in the member states have a common format.

According to the Joint Aviation Authorities (JAA), if an inspection identifies significant irregularities, these will be taken up with the operator and the oversight authority. The inspectors in each member state can demand corrective action before allowing the aircraft to leave if the irregularities have an immediate impact on safety.

Data reported by the inspectors in each member state is stored centrally in a computerized database set up by the JAA. The database also holds supplementary information, for example lists of actions carried out by the air carrier after the inspections. Furthermore, the information in the database is reviewed and analyzed by the JAA regularly, and the member states are informed of any potential safety hazards which have been identified.

However, SAFA inspections only regarded as on-the-spot assessments and the organization stresses that inspections are not a substitute for proper regulatory oversight (which is required under the Chicago Convention) and are not a guarantee for the airworthiness of a particular aircraft.

From 2006, SAFA Programme is under the responsibility of the European Commission, supported by the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA), regulated by different directives and regulations.

Member states 

ECAC member states include the following 42 states:
Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Georgia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine and the United Kingdom.

See also 

 European Aviation Safety Agency
 European Civil Aviation Conference
 Joint Aviation Authorities
 List of air carriers banned in the EU

External links 
 SAFA programme at the Joint Aviation Authorities website

Aviation safety
Étard reaction. The Étard reaction is a chemical reaction that involves the direct oxidation of an aromatic or heterocyclic bound methyl group to an aldehyde using chromyl chloride. For example, toluene can be oxidized to benzaldehyde.

It is named for the French chemist Alexandre Léon Étard (5 January 1852, Alençon – 1 May 1910).

Reaction mechanism 
The reaction mechanism proceeds via an ene reaction with chromyl chloride, forming the precipitated Étard complex. The Étard complex is then decomposed by a [2,3] sigmatropic rearrangement under reducing conditions to prevent further oxidation to a carboxylic acid. Reducing conditions for the decomposition of the Étard complex are provided by saturated aqueous sodium sulphite. Typical solvents for the reaction include carbon disulfide, dichloromethane, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride, with carbon tetrachloride being the most common. To obtain a highly purified aldehyde product, the Étard complex precipitate is often purified before decomposition in order to prevent reaction with any unreacted reagent. The reaction is normally carried out for a few days to several weeks and the yields are high.

Limitations
The Étard reaction is most commonly used as a relatively easy method of converting toluene into benzaldehyde. Obtaining specific aldehyde products from reagents other than toluene tends to be difficult due to rearrangements. For example, n-propylbenzene is oxidized to propiophenone, benzyl methyl ketone, and several chlorinated products, with benzyl methyl ketone being the major product. Another example arises from the Étard reaction of trans-decalin which results in a mixture of trans-9-decalol, spiro [4.5]decan-6-one, trans-1-decalone, cis-1-decalone, 9,10-octal-1-one, and 1-tetralone.

Other oxidation reagents like potassium permanganate or potassium dichromate oxidize to the more stable carboxylic acids.

Uses 
Oxidation of toluene to benzaldehyde is quite a useful conversion. Benzaldehyde is routinely used for its almond flavor. The aldehyde is comparatively reactive and readily participates in aldol condensations. Benzaldehyde can serve as a precursor for various compounds, including dyes, perfumes, and pharmaceuticals. For example, the first step in the synthesis of ephedrine is condensation of benzaldehyde with nitroethane .  Additionally, benzaldehyde is instrumental in the synthesis of phentermine. Unlike other oxidising agents (like KMnO4 or CrO3 etc.), chromyl chloride does not oxidise aldehyde to carboxylic acid.

References

Organic redox reactions
Name reactions