omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Z Mazinger. is a retelling of the Mazinger Z story by Go Nagai, mixing it with ancient Greek mythology. Here, Greek myths are the human testimony of the epic battles between robots piloted by extraterrestrials. The appearance of the robot remains similar to the original Mazinger, but with a more modern look.

Set in contemporary times, the battle of the Gods (extraterrestrials thought to be Gods by the ancient Greeks) continues. Hades (in mythology, the ruler of the underworld, embodied by Dr. Hell) has returned to attack the Earth and exterminate the human race, and to protect it Zeus sends a robot born from him, Zeta Mazinger.

The robot is given by chance to a student called Koji Kabuto (the classic Mazinger hero) and together with Aphrodite (piloted by Sayaka) and other classic Mazinger characters such as Tetsuya he defends the planet. Many other gods are involved, and their relationships of love and envy are part of the plot.

Some elements of Zeta Mazinger appear in Mazinger Z: The Impact!, the most prominent being the apparition of Zeus in his Zeta Mazinger form.

Manga information

Japanese edition

Italian edition

References

External links
Ζ Mazinger  at the World of Go Nagai website
Ζ Mazinger  at PaTaTo's Manga DB
Ζ Mazinger  at d/visual

Manga series
Adventure anime and manga
Fantasy anime and manga
Mazinger
Shōnen manga
Super robot anime and manga
Classical mythology in anime and manga
MAPED F1. The MAPED F1 is a claymore-shaped plastic-bodied directional anti-personnel mine which is designed to wound or kill by fragmentation. It has been the standard directional anti-personnel mine of the French army since the late 1970s.  

The MAPED F1 body is flat on the back and convex on the front, it has a small aiming sight on the top left corner and plastic lugs in the bottom corners for attaching a pair of "A" frame support legs. The mine contains a plastic explosive charge to propel 500 steel ball fragments to a range of 50 meters in a 60° arc. The MAPED F1 is battery powered and is normally actuated by breakwire, but tripwire and command actuation are also possible.  

The MAPED F1 is surface mounted and it can be located visually or with metal detectors under most field conditions. The MAPED F1 can be defeated by blast overpressure from explosive breaching systems like the Giant Viper and MICLIC unless it is set up for command actuation.

Mine operation 

The MAPED F1 uses a very complex electric firing system. It is basically actuated by a contact wire. The battery pack and firing cable are attached to an electric detonator which is inserted in the mine and a spool of contact wire is rolled out. Any contact with the wire after the MAPED F1 is armed will break the fibre, which collapses an electrical circuit and triggers the mine.

Hazards 

The MAPED F1 is surface mounted. On detonation the mine will normally propel lethal fragmentation to a range between 40 and 60 meters. The actual hazard range for these types of mines can be as high as 300 metres based on US Army tests of the M18A1 "Claymore" (this is directly in front of the mine; fragmentation range and density drop off to 125 meters to the sides and rear of these mines).

External links
 Globalsecurity.org

Anti-personnel mines
Land mines of France
PORTIS/SPORTIS. PORTIS (Portable Operated Ticket Issuing System) and latterly SPORTIS were portable ticket issuing systems used on Rail transport in Great Britain from 1982 until 2006. The system was also formerly used by Northern Ireland Railways for the issue of all tickets, including at railway station booking offices.

PORTIS
These machines were developed by Thorn EMI with the prototype of PORTIS being introduced from 3 May 1982 in the Bristol area.

They replaced the Almex machines with Omniprinter that were used previously for on-board train ticket sales.

The PORTIS was the first British Railways ticket issuing system to use thermal roll ticket stock.

The production version of PORTIS was introduced in 1986.

SPORTIS
A modified version which accepted credit-cards was introduced slightly later, known as SPORTIS (Super Portable Ticket Issuing System).

The SPORTIS memory was configured for each route that the machine would operate, so that it held the most likely fares that would be requested. If an unusual fare was requested, then the ticket inspector would have to refer to fares manuals and enter the details manually. SPORTIS could not encode the magnetic stripe on the back of tickets, so tickets issued using the system could not be used in automated ticket gates.

SPORTIS weighed around 2.9 kg. The original specification stated that it should be about the same weight as two bags of sugar.

Replacement
As of 2006 all SPORTIS have been replaced by Avantix Mobile or Paper Ticket Pads, RSP 4407/4408 series for those Train Operating Companies, for example, Merseyrail, who did not adopt Avantix Mobile as a replacement.

References

British Rail fares and ticketing
Fare collection systems in the United Kingdom
Public transport information systems
Travel technology
Association theory. Association theory (also aggregate theory) is a theory first advanced by chemist Thomas Graham in 1861 to describe the molecular structure of colloidal substances such as cellulose and starch, now understood to be polymers.  Association theory postulates that such materials are solely composed of a collection of smaller molecules bound together by an unknown force.  Graham termed these materials colloids.  Prior to the development of macromolecular theory by Hermann Staudinger in the 1920s, which stated that individual polymers are composed of chains of covalently bonded monomers, association theory remained the most prevalent model of polymer structure in the scientific community.

Importantly, although polymers consist of long chains of covalently linked molecules, the individual polymer chains can often still associate and undergo phase transitions and phase separation to form colloids, liquid crystals, solid crystals, or aggregates.  For biopolymers, association leads to formation of biomolecular condensates, micelles and other examples of molecular self-assembly.

Bibliography
 Morawetz, Herbert  Polymers: The Origins and Growth of a Science John Wiley and Sons, 1985.
 Utracki, L. A.  Commercial Polymer Blends  London: Chapman and Hall, 1998.
 https://books.google.com/books?id=aLrrCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA14

Obsolete theories in physics
Polymer chemistry
History of chemistry
Last Action Hero (pinball). Last Action Hero is a pinball machine designed by Joe Kaminkow and produced by Data East Pinball.  It is based on the motion picture of the same name.

Description
Instead of a typical plunger, the game features an auto plunger shaped like a Ruger Blackhawk .45 caliber pistol that launches the ball into play.  The pinball machine features a shaker motor, two captive balls and a crane toy that can pick up the ball and deliver it to another part of the playfield. The game also includes three magnets under the playfield which sends the ball in different directions; similar to The Addams Family.

Digital version
Last Action Hero is available as a licensed table of both The Pinball Arcade and its spin-off Stern Pinball Arcade for several platforms. Data East logos were removed because of licensing. Also, for the same reason, main play theme was edited.

References

External links

Pinball Archive rule sheet
 (Arnon Milchan version)

Pinball machines based on films
Data East pinball machines
1993 pinball machines
Polyvinyl siloxane. Polyvinyl siloxane (PVS), also called poly-vinyl siloxane, vinyl polysiloxane (VPS), or vinylpolysiloxane, is an addition-reaction silicone elastomer (an addition silicone). It is a viscous liquid that cures (solidifies) quickly into a rubber-like solid, taking the shape of whatever surface it was lying against while curing. As with two-part epoxy, its package keeps its two component liquids in separate tubes until the moment they are mixed and applied, because once mixed, they cure (harden) rapidly. Polyvinyl siloxane is widely used in dentistry as an impression material. It is also used in other contexts where an impression similar to a dental impression is needed, such as in audiology (to take ear impressions for fitting custom hearing protection or hearing aids) or in industrial applications (such as to aid in the inspection of interior features of machined parts, for example, internal grooves inside bores). Polyvinyl siloxane was commercially introduced in the 1970s.

To create the material, the user simply mixes a colored putty (often blue or pink) with a white putty, and the chemical reaction begins. PVS with a wide variety of working and setting times is available commercially. Final set is noted when the product rebounds upon touching with a blunt or sharp instrument.

This reaction also gives off hydrogen gas and it is therefore advisable to wait up to an hour before pouring the ensuing cast.

In dentistry, this material is commonly referred to as having light or heavy body depending on specific usage.

See also
 Dental impression
 Dentures

References

Dental materials
Polymers
Impression material
Joshua Bloch. Joshua J. Bloch (born August 28, 1961) is an American software engineer and a technology author.

He led the design and implementation of numerous Java platform features, including the Java Collections Framework, the  package, and the  mechanism. He is the author of the programming guide Effective Java (2001), which won the 2001 Jolt Award, and is a co-author of two other Java books, Java Puzzlers (2005) and Java Concurrency In Practice (2006).

Bloch holds a B.S. in computer science from Columbia University's School of Engineering and Applied Science and a Ph.D. in computer science from Carnegie Mellon University. His 1990 thesis was titled A Practical Approach to Replication of Abstract Data Objects and was nominated for the ACM Distinguished Doctoral Dissertation Award.

Bloch has worked as a Senior Systems Designer at Transarc, and later as a Distinguished Engineer at Sun Microsystems. In June 2004, he left Sun and became Chief Java Architect at Google. On August 3, 2012, Bloch announced that he would be leaving Google.

In December 2004, Java Developer's Journal included Bloch in its list of the "Top 40 Software People in the World".

Bloch has proposed the extension of the Java programming language with two features: Concise Instance Creation Expressions (CICE) (coproposed with Bob Lee and Doug Lea) and Automatic Resource Management (ARM) blocks. The combination of CICE and ARM formed one of the three early proposals for adding support for closures to Java. ARM blocks were added to the language in JDK7.

As of February 2024, Bloch is listed as Professor of practice of the Software and Societal Systems Department at Carnegie Mellon University.

Bibliography
 Effective Java: Programming Language Guide, , 2001; second edition: , 2008; third edition: , 2017
 Java Puzzlers: Traps, Pitfalls, and Corner Cases, , 2005 (co-authored with Neal Gafter)
 Java Concurrency in Practice, , 2006 (co-authored with Brian Goetz, Tim Peierls, Joseph Bowbeer, David Holmes, and Doug Lea)

References

External links
 
 Janice J. Heiss, More Effective Java With Google's Joshua Bloch October, 2008
 Josh Bloch, How to design a good API and why it matters, Google Tech Talk, 2007

1961 births
Living people
Columbia School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
Columbia University alumni
Carnegie Mellon University alumni
American computer programmers
American software engineers
Sun Microsystems people
American technology writers
Foster Wikner Wicko. The Foster Wikner Wicko was a 1930s British two-seat cabin monoplane built by the Foster Wikner Aircraft Company Limited at Southampton Airport, Hampshire.

History
Geoffrey Wikner was an Australian aircraft designer who moved to England in May 1934 and with his partners formed the Foster Wikner Aircraft Company Limited to build a low-cost two-seat high-wing monoplane. 
Low cost was helped by fitting a standard Ford V8 vehicle engine instead of a specialist aero-engine. The V.8 was fitted with a Pobjoy reduction gear and was known as the Wicko F power unit. The prototype aircraft was built at the J.F. Lusty's furniture factory at Bromley-by-Bow. The completed aircraft, designated the Wicko F.W.1 was taken by road to Stapleford Aerodrome, Essex and first flew in September 1936. Due to the  weight of the engine, the aircraft needed a long takeoff run and had a poor rate of climb.

The prototype was rebuilt as the Wicko F.W.2 with a more powerful but much lighter – 227 lb (103 kg) – air-cooled Cirrus Minor I engine. This resulted in a useful reduction in overall weight but the price increased from £425 to £650. The second and subsequent aircraft were built at Southampton Airport after the company moved in 1937.  The second machine was initially powered by a Cirrus Major motor and designated F.W.3, but later re-engined with a de Havilland Gipsy Major. The eight  machines subsequently completed used this engine as reflected by the name Wicko G.M.1. At the start of the Second World War production ceased and one airframe remained unfinished.

One aircraft exported to New Zealand was impressed into wartime service with the Royal New Zealand Air Force, crashing in 1942. Seven aircraft in the United Kingdom were impressed and another accepted directly into wartime service with the Royal Air Force, under the service name Warferry.

The celebrated woman aviator and Air Transport Auxiliary veteran Lettice Curtis bought a Wicko after WWII, in which she competed in several Daily Express Air Races.

One aircraft first registered as G-AFJB in 1938 was still operational with a permit to fly as of 2008. It is one of only two RAF machines to survive the war and has also recovered from a post-landing  fall from a cliff.

Variants
Wicko F.W.1prototype with an 85 hp Wicko F modified Ford V8 engine
Wicko F.W.2prototype re-engined with a 90 hp Blackburn Cirrus Minor I
Wicko F.W.3fitted with a 150 hp Blackburn Cirrus Major engine
Wicko G.M.1production version with a 130 hp de Havilland Gipsy Major engine
WarferryWicko G.M.1. in RAF service

Operators

Royal New Zealand Air Force

Royal Air Force
No. 24 Squadron RAF

Specifications (Wicko G.M.1)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

Grey, C.G. and Bridgman, L.  Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938. (1972). Newton Abbot: David & Charles.

Further reading
Ord-Hume, Arthur; "Wikner and his Wicko", Aeroplane, July 2022, pp.98-105

1930s British civil utility aircraft
Wicko
Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1936
State of the Environment. The term State of the Environment normally relates to an analysis of trends in the environment of a particular place. This analysis can encompass aspects such as water quality, air quality, land use, ecosystem health and function, along with social and cultural matters.

Pressure-State-Response Framework 

Human activity places pressure on many aspects of the environment. For instance, deforestation results in the invasion of weed species, habitat displacement, and, when undertaken on a large scale, adversely affects air quality and carbon dioxide sequestration.

Examples of pressures under the Pressure-State-Response ("PSR") framework include: pollutants discharged from factories, or draining into a river from the land; it could be the removal of forest from the land or over-harvesting by fishermen or hunters.

In this framework, only pressures introduced by human interaction with the environment are considered.  Natural pressures such as extreme weather are only considered in the context of human-induced climate change (i.e. global warming).

A "state" is the condition of the environment at a particular time. This is assessed by measuring various aspects of the atmosphere, air, water, land and organisms.

The European Environment Agency has extended the pressure-state-response framework to include driving forces and impacts (see DPSIR).

State of the Environment reporting 
State of Environment reports have been prepared by countries such as New Zealand  and Australia.  State of the Environment reporting is also undertaken fairly extensively throughout New Zealand by territorial and regional authorities.

See also
State of the World , a series of books published by the World Watch Institute
Environmental issue

References

External links
 The State of the Environment Gateway, GRID-Arendal/United Nations Environment Programme, Arendel, Norway, retrieved 2 February 2008.

Environmental reports
Foster, Wikner Aircraft. The Foster, Wikner Aircraft Company Limited was a British aircraft manufacturer formed in 1936.

History
The Australian aircraft designer Geoffrey N. Wikner moved to England in May 1934, where he looked for partners to build cheap and efficient aircraft. With V. Foster and J.F Lusty they formed the Foster, Wikner Aircraft Company Limited on 9 September 1936. J.F Lusty and the Lusty family were furniture manufacturers (William Lusty & Sons Limited). The company set up in their furniture factory at Lusty's Works in Bromley-by-Bow, London and built the prototype Foster Wikner Wicko.

In 1937 the company moved to premises at Southampton (Eastleigh) Airport, Hampshire. Production of the Wicko was started but was abandoned after the eleventh aircraft due to the start of the Second World War.

Geoffrey Wikner flew for the Air Transport Auxiliary during the war, and in 1946 returned to Australia in a converted Handley Page Halifax bomber.

Aircraft
 Foster Wikner Warferry
 Foster Wikner Wicko

References

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Manufacturing companies established in 1936
Companies based in Southampton
Pallet rack mover. A pallet rack mover is a device that makes it possible to move pallet rack without demo or the re-assembly of the storage system
.  They are designed to move the entire rack assembly as one unit rather than individual pieces, saving valuable labor costs.

Pallet rack movers are typically separated into different classes depending on the weight capacity of the mover.  Regular or light duty movers are made from a variety of materials such as formed plastic or steel with light to medium duty caster.  Light duty movers have a weight capacity reaching 5,000 lbs. per mover.  In contrast, the heavy duty movers weight capacity reaches 12,000 lbs. and are made of steel and heavy duty casters.

This moving system uses half the labor required to move any storage system from point A to point B within a warehouse or distribution center.  Facility downtime is also reduce dramatically when using pallet rack movers by moving the storage system still loaded with the stored material or product.

References

Warehouses
Joseph Henry Keenan. Joseph Henry Keenan (August 24, 1900 – July 17, 1977) was an American thermodynamicist and mechanical engineer noted for his work in the calculation of steam tables, research in jet-rocket propulsion, and his work in furthering the development in the understanding of the laws of thermodynamics in the mid 20th century.

His classic 1941 textbook Thermodynamics served as a fundamental teaching tool in various engineering curricula during the 1940s and 1950s.

He earned a bachelor's degree in naval architecture and marine engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1922. After working as a design engineer on steam turbines for General Electric Company, Keenan became an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at the Stevens Institute of Technology in 1928. In 1934, he became an associate professor of mechanical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was promoted to professor in 1939. He served as Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering from  1958 to 1961.

A major portion of Keenan's career was devoted to the development of accurate tables of the properties of steam, which are vital to the electric power industry.  In 1929, he was appointed the U.S. delegate to the First International Conference on the Properties of Steam; he served as delegate in all successive conferences on this subject through the eighth in 1974.

In 1965, he published the classic textbook Principles of General Thermodynamics with George Hatsopoulos which was major turning point in thermodynamics since Gilbert N. Lewis and Merle Randall with their 1923 Thermodynamics textbook.  Their now famous version of the second law of thermodynamics is:

This shows that the second law of thermodynamics can be stated in terms of the existence of stable equilibrium states.

He was a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. He was award the ASME Worcester Reed Warner Medal in 1955 for work on thermodynamics and the properties of steam. He was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1976.

In 2007, an International Thermodynamics Symposium called “meeting the entropy challenge” was organized in M.I.T. in Honor and Memory of Professor Joseph Henry Keenan.

See also
History of thermodynamics

References

External links

http://mit.edu/keenansymposium/aboutjhkeenan/biography/index.html
http://web.mit.edu/hmtl/www/keenan.html

1900 births
1977 deaths
Thermodynamicists
American mechanical engineers
MIT School of Engineering alumni
MIT School of Engineering faculty
Stevens Institute of Technology faculty
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
20th-century American engineers
Vulcanair. Vulcanair is an Italian aircraft manufacturer based in Casoria, near Naples.

History
Partenavia was established in 1957 by Prof. Luigi Pascale and produced a quite large family of single-engined sport aircraft which eventually culminated with the successful twin-engined P.68 Victor and its derivatives.

The Canguro was designed by aeronautical engineer Stelio Frati in the 1970s (first flight on December 30, 1978) for Siai Marchetti that, in 1981, developed the SF.600A version, with turboprop engine, retractable landing gear and cargo capability with lateral sliding door or hinged rear fuselage. Today just ten Canguro have been produced.

Former spare parts producer Vulcanair set up a programme to produce a complete range of Italian designed twin-engined light transport aircraft. Vulcanair was founded in 1996 after purchasing all the assets, type design, trademarks and rights of the bankrupt Partenavia. In 1997, Vulcanair took over the SIAI-Marchetti SF.600 Canguro programme from Finmeccanica and later acquired Samanta, a Naples-based air-work operator with SF.600 and P.68 experience. Around 1998, Vulcanair took over Milan-based Aercosmos that had bought Partenavia Costruzioni Aeronautiche SpA from Alenia in 1993.

Vulcanair was then in the position to revive the production of twin-engined aircraft ranging from the basic P.68C to the turbine-powered 8,000 lbs MTOW Canguro (possibly in a stretched version). The Brazilian prestigious "Aero Magazine" named the P68C best aeroplane,  2010/2011, at the "XII Prêmio Aero Magazine de Aviação".

Vulcanair's current products are based upon the designs of Stelio Frati (SF600A Canguro) and Luigi Pascale (P68 Series). The current production lineup is the P68C (in normally aspirated and turbocharged variants), the P68 Observer 2 (a surveillance orientated variant with a mainly Perspex cockpit, again in normally aspirated and turbocharged versions), a retractable undercarriage variant of the normally aspirated P68C, the P68R (or Vr), a Rolls-Royce RR250-B17C turboprop powered 11 seat AP68TP-600 A-Viator and the SF600A Canguro.

Vulcanair production takes place on a 60,000 square metres site at Capodichino Airport in Naples, Italy.

Aircraft

 Vulcanair Canguro
 Vulcanair Mission
 Vulcanair P68 Series
 Vulcanair V1.0

See also

 List of Italian companies

References

External links

 VulcanAir Official page
 History of Aviation in Italy - Pascale's 
 Aviatormag.com.au   
 "single pieces"

 
Companies established in 1996
Italian companies established in 1996
Aircraft manufacturers of Italy
Companies based in Campania