omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
CSC – IT Center for Science. CSC – IT Center for Science Ltd. (also known as Finnish IT Center for Science, natively ) provides IT support and modeling, computing and information services for academia, research institutes and companies in Finland. It is owned by the Finnish state and Finnish higher education institutions, administered by the Ministry of Education and Culture, and operated on a non-profit principle. CSC has provided computational and network services since 1971.

The CSC servers create a common user environment. The service environment is made up of several supercomputers, database servers and information servers that are all linked together with a fast data transfer connection into one metacomputer. Extensive data and archive servers are available for saving results.

CSC also manages the FUNET network, which is the Finnish national research and education network that provides fast internet access to universities and other academic institutions as well as some governmental agencies.

See also
 LUMI

References

External links
 

Information technology companies of Finland
Government-owned companies of Finland
Companies based in Espoo
Finnish companies established in 1971
Association of Consulting Engineers New Zealand. The Association of Consulting Engineers New Zealand (ACENZ) is New Zealand's main business association representing engineers providing consultancy services in a wide range of disciplines. It was founded in 1959 as the consulting division of IPENZ, though it has been a separate entity since 1970.

It has 176 corporate members with a total of around 8,500 staff (2007 data), up from about 5,800 in 2001.

Apart from its functions as a representative of the interests of its member companies, it annually judges engineering awards for the most innovative and exceptional engineering projects of New Zealand.

References

External links
ACENZ Online (official association website)

Consulting
Engineering societies based in New Zealand

1959 establishments in New Zealand
Organizations established in 1959
Elements Software. Elements Software, formerly known as Helveta, is a supply chain management software company and "provider of technology solutions for the timber industry" based in Abingdon, Oxfordshire, England. With revenues of £2.1 million in 2010, it has been recognized for its work in forestry conservation, specifically illegal logging prevention.

History
Patrick Newton founded Helveta in Abingdon, Oxfordshire in 2004. The company developed supply-chain management software Control Intelligence (CI) World to allow customers to track assets. Supported industries include biofuel, food processing, and forestry. In 2010 Helveta's revenues reached £2.1 million.

In 2008, the Forest Development Authority hired Helveta and SGS, an inspection firm, to develop a technology barcode scanning system to track lumber in Liberia, where the United Nations banned the logging trade in 2003. Helveta also earned clients in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Cameroon, where a similar project ran from 2008 to 2011. The Cameroon project met many of its goals but failed to secure a long-term commitment in part due to changing government authorities.

Leadership 
Karim Peer is the chief executive officer (CEO) after replacing Newton in 2011.

Awards and recognition
The Financial Times recognized Helveta as a "Boldness in Business" 2012 award winner for finding profit-making opportunities in sustainable development. In 2015, Helveta was selected as a top ten finalist in the EY Startup Challenge.

References

External links
 http://www.helveta.com

Supply chain software companies
FAP 1118. The FAP 1118 is a series of 4x4 military trucks manufactured by Fabrika automobila Priboj (FAP), based on the Mercedes-Benz NG series. The FAP 1118 is intended to replace the TAM 110 series of military trucks in the Serbian Armed Forces.

Description
Its prototype was completed and tested and a trial lot is scheduled for realization by the end of this year. It is designed for transport of personnel, weapons and material of up to 4t gross weight, as well as for towing of artillery pieces and trailers. Equipped with all-wheel drive, locking of all differentials and powerful diesel engine, the vehicle is able to negotiate cross-country gradients of 60%. Central regulation of tire pressure ensures high mobility over soft soil and its well thought out body geometry enables easy negotiating of natural and man-made obstacles such as trenches, railway embankments, escarpments etc. There are a few different variants of truck as it is used for several different upgrades (Sanijet NBC, LRSVM Morava etc.).

Technical specifications

1118 BS/36 4x4
Gross vehicle mass: 11,000 kg
Front axle permissible mass: 5200 kg
Rear axle permissible mass: 5800 kg
Payload: 4000 kg
Engine type: Mercedes-Benz OM 904 LA, EU3
Configuration: Straight-four diesel engine
Bore/stroke: 102/130 mm
Displacement: 4.25 dm3
Rated power: 130 kW at 2200 min−1
Peak torque: 675 N·m at 1200-1600 min−1
Electrical system: 24 V
Clutch: GF 380
Gearbox: FAP 6MS 60-P 98
Front axle: AL 3/1 DS
Rear axle:  HL4/36 DS- 9.2
Steering system: PPT 8042
Length × width × height: 4000 × 2430 × 1700 mm
Wheel size: 9,00 - 22,5″
Tyre size: 13R 22,5″ HSO MIL
Fuel tank capacity: 200 l
Max. speed: 80 km/h
Max. grading: 60 %

References

Military trucks
1118
All-wheel-drive vehicles
Military vehicles introduced in the 2010s
Military vehicles of Serbia
Darwin (programming language). Darwin is a closed source programming language developed by Gaston Gonnet and colleagues at ETH Zurich.  It is used to develop the OMA orthology inference software, which was also initially developed by Gonnet. The language backend consists of the kernel, responsible for performing simple mathematical calculations, for transporting and storing data and for interpreting the user's commands, and the library, a set of programs which can perform more complicated calculations. The target audience for the language is the biosciences, so the library consisted of routines such as those to compute pairwise alignments, phylogenetic trees, multiple sequence alignments, and to make secondary structure predictions.

Example Code

One would write the Hello World program as:

printf('Hello, world!\n');

The following procedure calculates the factorial of a number:
factorial := proc ( n )
  if (n=0) then
    return(1);
  else
    return(n * factorial(n-1));
  fi;
end:

See also
 List of programming languages

References

Programming languages
Martinsyde S.1. The Martin-Handasyde Scout 1 was a British biplane aircraft of the early part of the First World War built by Martin-Handasyde Limited.

Design and development
It was a single-seat biplane with a Gnome engine in tractor configuration. An unusual feature was the undercarriage where two small nose wheels were mounted on the forward tips of the skids, ahead of the two main wheels, giving it a practical but cumbersome appearance.

Operational service

Just before the outbreak of war small orders were placed by the Royal Flying Corps among private firms for untried types of single-seater fighters, including the Martinsyde scout.  Sixty of the S.1 were built, the first going to France on the 1st March 1915.  Various Squadrons received two or three Martinsydes to escort reconnaissance aircraft and bomber missions.  They continued in service until the end of 1915 on the Western Front before being relegated to training. Although initially intended for use in Home Defence operating from the UK, it was found to be inadequate for that too. It was reported to be unstable, and it was the aircraft Captain Louis Strange was flying in a combat with a German two-seater, when one of the oddest incidents of WW1 took place. He was changing a drum on his overhead Lewis gun, when the aircraft turned over - and he fell out. However, he held on with one hand to the spade grip of the gun, and somehow managed to hook one leg into the cockpit, then the other. The plane righted itself, and he fell back in, breaking the seat.  The German crew, convinced they saw their opponent fall out, claimed a kill, and were (so it was said by the ace, Bruno Loerzer, who was based in the area),  ribbed afterwards, when no wreckage was found. ('The Friendless Sky' - A McKee)

Operators

Australian Flying Corps
Mesopotamian Half Flight

Royal Flying Corps
No. 1 Squadron RFC
No. 2 Squadron RFC
No. 4 Squadron RFC
No. 5 Squadron RFC
No. 6 Squadron RFC
No. 9 Squadron RFC
No. 10 Squadron RFC
No. 12 Squadron RFC
No. 14 Squadron RFC
No. 16 Squadron RFC
No. 18 Squadron RFC
No. 19 Squadron RFC
No. 20 Squadron RFC
No. 22 Squadron RFC
No. 23 Squadron RFC
No. 24 Squadron RFC
No. 25 Squadron RFC
No. 30 Squadron RFC

Specification

See also

References
Notes

Bibliography

 Angelucci, Enzo. The Rand McNally Encyclopedia of Military Aircraft, 1914–1980. San Diego, California: The Military Press, 1983. .
 Bruce, J.M. War Planes of the First World War: Volume One Fighters. London: Macdonald, 1965.
 Bruce, J.M. The Aeroplanes of the Royal Flying Corps (Military Wing). London: Putnam, 1982.

External links

1910s British fighter aircraft
S.1
Aircraft first flown in 1914
Stratavia. Stratavia, formerly known as ExtraQuest, was a software company that specialized in enterprise Database and Data Center Automation, and private cloud computing enablement. Stratavia was founded by Venkat Devraj and Rainier Luistro in 2001.

The company held two patents for automating standard operating procedures in database administration, and was included in the analyst firm Gartner's list of Cool Vendors for 2009.

The company received venture funding from Vista Ventures, Asset Management Company and Adams Street Partners and is headquartered in Denver, Colorado, with offices in San Francisco, New York City, Atlanta, Boston and London, United Kingdom. In Aug. 2010, HP announced the acquisition of Stratavia to bolster its cloud computing and automation software portfolio.

HP Software Division planned to integrate Stratavia technology into its cloud computing portfolio, including HP Cloud Service Automation Software.

References

External links 
 HP Software official site
  HP Software Solutions Community

Companies established in 2001
Defunct software companies of the United States
Companies based in Denver
Hewlett-Packard acquisitions
Raúl Sáez. Raúl Sáez Sáez (16 February 1913 – 24 November 1992) was a Chilean civil engineer. He served as Minister of Finance in Chile in 1968, and as  Minister of Economic Coordination under the military junta from 1974 to 1975.

Early life and education
Sáez was born in 1913 to a Chilean military officer who married his cousin. His first school years were spent in the Colegio Alemán (German School) of Santiago. In 1925, his father was sent to France on a military mission and the whole family traveled there. In Paris, Saez enrolled in one of the traditional French Lycées, in particular at the prestigious Lycée Janson de Sailly, where he studied Mathematics and Philosophy. Back in Chile in 1931, he enrolled in the School of Engineering at Universidad de Chile in Santiago, where he soon reached the top of his class and eventually became the best student of the university.

Professional life
His first project after graduation was the Electrification Plan for Chile, which would eventually lead to the founding of Endesa (Chile's national electricity company). Saez actually joined Endesa in 1940 as Chief Engineer for Civil Engineering and eventually rose to the position of CEO of the company in 1961.

Without leaving his job in Endesa, Saez joined Compañía de Acero del Pacífico (CAP), Chile's largest steel manufacturing company, between 1944 and 1947 and played important roles in CORFO (Chile's corporation for industrial development), IANSA (Chile's national sugar company) and ENTEL (Chile's telecommunications company), among others.

He has been called "Chile's greatest maker of works of progress in the second half of the 20th century".

He is also well-remembered for leading the effort to avert the overflowing of Riñihue Lake in the aftermath of the devastating Great Chilean earthquake of 22 May 1960 (see Riñihuazo).

Death and honors
Raúl Sáez died on 24 November 1992, a week after he was awarded the National Prize for Engineering and only one day after the Chilean government awarded him the National Prize for Applied Sciences and Technologies.

References

External links
Raúl Sáez at Ingenieros.cl (in Spanish)

1913 births
1992 deaths
Christian Democratic Party (Chile) politicians
Ministers of finance of Chile
People from Constitución, Chile
University of Chile alumni
People from Santiago, Chile
20th-century Chilean engineers
Auchinstarry. Auchinstarry is a village in North Lanarkshire, Scotland, UK, near to Kilsyth. It is the site of a Roman fort.

Auchinstarry Basin is on the Forth and Clyde Canal, and a £1.2M regeneration project has created a mooring basin for boats with 56 pontoon berths, a hard standing area for 40 boats, and a customer facilities block, partly funded by British Waterways Scotland. The basin was officially opened in September 2005.

The Environment Advisory Service (EAS), a government agency, has implemented a number of sustainability features at Auchinstarry Basin:
Deploying recycled materials in all parts of the construction process
An innovative pump which draws heat from the canal; it is believed that this is the first such use of canal water in the UK
Plans for installing wind turbines, and a new pub which is self-sufficient in its energy needs

See also
List of places in North Lanarkshire

References
Environment Advisory Service case Study on Auchinstarry Basin
It is also home to Auchinstarry Quarry which is a very popular rock-climbing destination, boasting a very wide range of climbing.

External links
Video footage of Auchinstarry Marina

Villages in North Lanarkshire
Film-forming agent. Film-forming agents are a group of chemicals that leave a pliable, cohesive, and continuous covering over the hair or skin when applied to their surface. This film has strong hydrophilic properties and leaves a smooth feel on skin.
 
Film-forming agents include polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), acrylates, acrylamides, and copolymers.

They are commonly found as ingredients of cosmetics, particular hair-care products, but also moisturizers and other skin-care products.

Side effects
Film-forming agents can be skin sensitizers for some individuals.

References

Hairdressing
Cosmetics chemicals
Fluid dynamics
E. Bruce Nauman. E. Bruce Nauman (1937–2009) was a professor of chemical engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

He obtained his B.S. degree in nuclear engineering from Kansas State University, a M.S. degree in chemical engineering from the University of Tennessee, and a Ph.D. degree in chemical engineering from the University of Leeds.

He joined RPI in 1981 as chair of the department of chemical engineering, after a career in research and development with the Xerox Corporation and Union Carbide Corporation.   During the course of his tenure he oversaw thirty-two doctoral students. He died on May 24, 2009, after a battle with lung cancer.

Honors
 Fellow, American Institute of Chemical Engineers.
 Associate editor, The Chemical Engineering Journal, Transactions of the Institute of Chemical Engineers, and Butterworth Series in Chemical Engineering.
 Board member and past president, North American Mixing Forum of the AIChE.
 Member, Princeton University Advisory Council, 1980 to 1984.
 External examiner, University of Technology, Jamaica, 2002 to 2007
 Member, United States Military Academy Advisory Council. 2006 - 2009
 Winner of the NAMF Award of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers

Publications
Dr. Nauman has over 150 publications in the archival literature, 6 patents, 14 books chapters, including several chapters in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, and 24 miscellaneous publications. He is also author of 4 books:
Nauman, E. B., Chemical Reactor Design, Optimization and Scaleup, McGraw-Hill, New York, 2002.
Nauman, E. B., Introductory Systems Analysis  for Process Engineers, Butterworths, Boston, 1990.
Nauman, E. B., Chemical Reactor Design, Wiley, New York, 1987.
Nauman, E. B., and Buffham, B.A., Mixing in Continuous Flow Systems, Wiley,  New York, 1983.

References

External links
Website at RPI

American chemical engineers
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute faculty
Kansas State University alumni
University of Tennessee alumni
1937 births
2009 deaths
20th-century American engineers
Alumni of the University of Leeds
Sulfonmethane. Sulfonmethane (sulfonomethane, sulfonal, acetone diethyl sulfone) is a chemical compound first synthesized by Eugen Baumann in 1888 and introduced as a hypnotic drug by Alfred Kast later on, but now superseded by newer and safer sedatives. Its appearance is either in colorless crystalline or powdered form. In United States, it is scheduled as a Schedule III drug in the Controlled Substance Act.

Chemistry 

Sulfonal is prepared by condensing acetone with ethyl mercaptan in the presence of hydrochloric acid, the mercaptol (CH3)2C(SC2H5)2 formed being subsequently oxidized by potassium permanganate. It is also formed by the action of alcoholic potash and methyl iodide on ethylidene diethyl sulfine, CH3CH(SO2C2H5)2 (which is formed by the oxidation of dithioacetal with potassium permanganate). It crystallizes in prisms melting at 125 C, which are practically insoluble in cold water, but dissolves in 15 parts of hot water and also in alcohol and ether.

See also 
 Trional
 Tetronal

References

Further reading 

 
 
 

Hypnotics
Sulfones
GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators
David Officer. David Leslie Officer is a New Zealand organic chemist and materials scientist.

He completed a Bachelor of Science (Honours) and PhD at Victoria University of Wellington in 1982 under the direction of Professor Brian Halton, before undertaking postdoctoral positions at the Australian National University, and the University of Cologne (as an Alexander von Humboldt Research Fellow). Officer returned to New Zealand and took up his first academic post at Massey University in 1986, rising through the ranks to full professor. In 2005, Officer was appointed as a fellow of the New Zealand Institute of Chemistry and moved to the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology. Officer is also currently listed as a professorial fellow with the Intelligent Polymer Research Institute and Department of Chemistry at the University of Wollongong, Australia.

Research interests
Synthesis and use of porphyrins for photovoltaic and molecular devices.
Development of dye-sensitised solar cells.
Development and application of functionalised polythiophenes for photovoltaic cells, batteries, actuators and sensors.
Functionalisation of carbon nanotubes.

References

Academic staff of Massey University
New Zealand chemists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Victoria University of Wellington alumni
Fellows of the New Zealand Institute of Chemistry
HMAS Gawler (FCPB 212). HMAS Gawler (FCPB 212), named for the town of Gawler, South Australia was a  of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN).

Design and construction

Starting in the late 1960s, planning began for a new class of patrol boat to replace the , with designs calling for improved seakeeping capability, and updated weapons and equipment. The Fremantles had a full load displacement of , were  long overall, had a beam of , and a maximum draught of . Main propulsion machinery consisted of two MTU series 538 diesel engines, which supplied  to the two propeller shafts. Exhaust was not expelled through a funnel, like most ships, but through vents below the waterline. The patrol boat could reach a maximum speed of , and had a maximum range of  at . The ship's company consisted of 22 personnel. Each patrol boat was armed with a single Bofors 40mm gun as main armament, supplemented by two .50 cal Browning machineguns and an 81 mm mortar, although the mortar was removed from all ships sometime after 1988. The main weapon was originally to be two 30-mm guns on a twin-mount, but the reconditioned Bofors were selected to keep costs down; provision was made to install an updated weapon later in the class' service life, but this did not eventuate.

Gawler was laid down by NQEA in Cairns, Queensland on 18 January 1982, launched on 9 July 1983, and commissioned into the RAN on 27 August 1983.

Fate
Gawler was decommissioned at  on 8 July 2006. The patrol boat was broken up for scrap in Darwin during 2006 and 2007, at a cost of $450,000 to the Australian government.

Citations

References

 The chapter is available separately as Semaphore, Issue 17, 2005 in PDF and HTML formats.

Fremantle-class patrol boats
Ships built in Queensland
1983 ships
CorrOcean. CorrOcean was a corporation that produces monitoring technology systems related to conventional and subsea oil and gas wells and industrial process piping. The company is headquartered in Trondheim, Norway with offices in Houston, United States and Rome, Italy.
In July 2007 CorrOcean merged with Roxar, and continued under the name Roxar.

Systems include detection for corrosion, erosion, sand production, pressure, temperature and flow force related to oil piping and corrosion, cracking, pitting and erosion related to industrial piping.

This company was being purchased by Roxar Asa form Norway  and later has been purchased by Emerson.

References

External links
 Official website (Emerson)

Engineering companies of Norway
Oil companies of Norway
Companies based in Trondheim
Shukhov cracking process. The Shukhov cracking process is a thermal cracking process invented by Vladimir Shukhov and Sergei Gavrilov.

Origins
Shukhov designed and built the first thermal cracking device for the petrochemical industry. His patent (Shukhov cracking process – patent of Russian empire No. 12926 from November 27, 1891) on cracking was used to invalidate Standard Oil's patents (Burton process – Patent of United States  No. 1,049,667 on January 7, 1913) on oil refineries.

Present
In 1937 the Shukhov cracking process was superseded by catalytic cracking. It is still in use today to produce diesel.

See also
 Cracking (chemistry)
 Timeline of historic inventions
 Burton process

References
 Information on cracking in oil refining
 Biography of Vladimir Shukhov
 "Vladimir G. Suchov 1853-1939. Die Kunst der sparsamen Konstruktion.",  Rainer Graefe und andere, 192 S., Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart, 1990, .

Chemical processes
Oil refining
Vladimir Shukhov
History of the petroleum industry
Russian inventions
Nikola Kesarovski. Nikola Kesarovski () (c. 11 November 1944 – 29 August 2007) was a Bulgarian science-fiction writer.

His most famous book is The Fifth Law of Robotics, published in 1983, the title being a reference to Isaac Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics and the fifth law being that a robot must know that it is a robot.

The science- fiction fan club "Fantastica" was founded in 1997 in the town of Kardzhali, in the south of Bulgaria by him. The club has a page in Nov Jivot (New Life) - the official newspaper of Kardzhali - and up to late 2003, it had published over 60 issues. He also edited the magazine Kosmos.

He was also organizer and kind host of the annual Bulgarian science-fiction festival "The 2002 Bulgacon", which took place in Kardzhali. The festival was attended by over 900 participants.

Kesarovski committed suicide in 2007 by jumping from a seventh-storey window of a hospital in Kardzhali.

References

Bulgarian male writers
1930s births
2007 deaths