omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Erik M. Conway. Erik Meade Conway (born 1965) is the historian at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena. He is the author of several books. He previously completed a Ph.D. from the University of Minnesota in 1998, with a dissertation on the development of aircraft landing aids.

In High-Speed Dreams (2005), Conway argues that U.S. government sponsorship of supersonic commercial transportation systems resulted from Cold War concerns about a loss of technological prowess in the modern world. Realizing the Dream of Flight (2006) consists of eleven essays on individuals prepared in honor of the one hundredth anniversary of the Wright brothers' first powered flight. Conway also wrote Blind Landings (2007) and he is a co-author of a secondary-level education text entitled Science and Exploration (2007). Atmospheric Science at NASA was published in 2008.

His 2010 book Merchants of Doubt was co-authored with Naomi Oreskes, as was his article in the Winter 2013 issue of Daedalus called The Collapse of Western Civilization: A View from the Future.

Bibliography

 High-Speed Dreams (2005)
 Realizing the Dream of Flight (2006)
 Blind Landings (2007)
 Science and Exploration (2007)
 Atmospheric Science at NASA (2008)
 Merchants of Doubt (co-authored with Naomi Oreskes; 2010)
 The Collapse of Western Civilization: A View from the Future (Daedalus, 2013)
 The Big Myth: How American Business Taught Us to Loathe Government and Love the Free Market (co-authored with Naomi Oreskes; Bloomsbury, 2023)

Notes and references

External links 
 Erik M. Conway personal website
 What's in a Name? Global Warming vs. Climate Change 

1965 births
Living people
21st-century American historians
21st-century American male writers
American male non-fiction writers
American non-fiction environmental writers
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
NASA people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Scientific American people
Vijay Gupchup. Vijay N. Gupchup (born 1937) is an educationist, academic, researcher and considered an expert in the field of civil engineering and structural engineering.

Education
Gupchup obtained the Bachelor of Engineering degree in civil engineering from VJTI, University of Bombay in 1958 and the Master of Science and Doctor of Science degrees in civil engineering in 1959 and 1963 respectively, from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the US.

Career
Gupchup was a professor at the Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute (formerly known as Victoria Jubilee Technical Institute) in Mumbai. He held the post of the Principal of VJTI from January 1983 to June 1992 and May 1995 to January 1997, when Dr. Gupchup retired after spending nearly three decades in the field of Technical Education.

Gupchup was the Pro Vice Chancellor of the University of Mumbai from June 1992 to May 1995. He was also the Chairman of the 'National Board of Accreditation' set up by the All India Council for Technical Education in India from July 2000 till June 2003.

Contribution
Gupchup has been active in the field of Technical Education for more than thirty five years and has provided leadership in this field in the State of Maharashtra. He has contributed to various aspects of the development of Technical Education at the National level through his association with the All India Council for Technical education and the University Grants Commission. He has authored numerous technical papers and has also presented invited lectures at several universities in the US, including Massachusetts Institute Of Technology (MIT), Northwestern University, Drexel University, Kansas State University, Texas State University, And Southern Illinois University - Edwardsville.

Activities
Gupchup continues to be an active member on various academic bodies of the University of Mumbai, AICTE and UGC. He is also a director on several company boards and consults on a wide range of academic and engineering areas. He has been a non-executive independent director of Ion Exchange (India) Ltd since 17 July 1995. Gupchup has been director of Walchand Peoplefirst Ltd since 10 May 2010. He is a member of the VJTI Alumni committee. He also serves as member of the board of governors of academic institutions including Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere and Vidyalankar Institute of Technology, Mumbai.

References

Living people
Academic staff of Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute
1937 births
W. Arthur Porter. W. Arthur "Skip" Porter (born 1941) is an American teacher and businessman from Texas. He previously served as the Oklahoma Secretary of Science and Technology under Governor of Oklahoma Frank Keating, having serving in that position from 1999 to 2003.

Biography
Porter earned his bachelor and master of science degrees in physics from the University of North Texas and his PhD in interdisciplinary engineering from Texas A&M University. Upon graduating, he joined the staff of Rice University as an adjunct professor of electrical engineering. In 1993, Porter became the president and chief executive officer of the Houston Advanced Research Center, a non-profit environmental research institution. He would serve in that position for five years.

Porter joined the staff of the University of Oklahoma in 1998. At OU, Porter would serve as the University Vice President for Technology Development and as Dean of the OU College of Engineering. He would serve as Engineering Dean until 2005 and as vice president until 2006 with his retirement. Upon his retirement, he was named Professor Emeritus with OU.

Keating Administration
Governor of Oklahoma Frank Keating created the position of Oklahoma Secretary of Science and Technology and appointed Porter to serve as the first person to hold that office. As the Secretary, Porter oversaw all efforts by the State government to use science and technology to improve government and to better serve the citizens of Oklahoma. Porter worked with Oklahoma Secretary of Commerce Ron Rosenfeld to promote economic development throughout the State. As Secretary, Porter was responsible for overseeing the Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology. Porter served as Secretary until the end of Keating's term in 2003.

References

External links
W. Arthur Porter biography from Forbes.com 

1941 births
Living people
University of North Texas alumni
Texas A&M University alumni
Rice University staff
State cabinet secretaries of Oklahoma
University of Oklahoma faculty
Britannia Trophy. The Britannia Trophy is a British award presented by the Royal Aero Club for aviators accomplishing the most meritorious performance in aviation during the previous year.

In 1911 Horatio Barber, who was a founder member of the Royal Aero Club, was given £100 for a commercial flight. Not wanting to tarnish his amateur status, he presented the money to the club for the trophy.

The first award was presented in 1913 to Captain C.A.H Longcroft of the Royal Flying Corps for a non-stop flight from Montrose to Farnborough in a Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2a. The trophy has not been awarded every year, particularly during the first and second world wars, and has been awarded jointly and to teams, as well as individuals.

In 1952 the Royal Aero Club presented plaques to all the surviving holders who previously only held the trophy for one year and were not given a permanent memento.

Recipients

See also

 List of aviation awards

References

External links
 Royal Aero Club Awards and Trophies - The Britannia Trophy
 Royal Aero Club Awards and Trophies - The Britannia Trophy

Aviation awards
Awards established in 1913

1913 establishments in the United Kingdom
British awards
Aviation in the United Kingdom
Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics. The Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) (now known as the Semenov ICP in Moscow ), was established in 1931 under the direction of Professor Nikolay Semyonov, Nobel Laureate in Chemistry (1956) on the basis of the Physico-Chemical Sector of the Leningrad Physical Technical Institute (Ioffe Institute). The staff of the Institute includes about 450 researchers. The Institute has been situated in Moscow since 1943. It is affiliated with the Moscow State University and has chairs at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology.

The Institute's aim has been defined as "the implementation of physical theories and methods into chemistry, chemical industry and some other branches of national economy". Its main areas of scientific inquiry are the kinetics and mechanism of chemical reactions, catalysis of chemical reactions, theory and dynamics of elementary processes, physics and chemistry of solids, structure and properties of polymers and composites, fundamentals of  polymerization processes, physics and chemistry of combustion, shock waves and detonation.

In 1956, a branch of the Institute of Chemical Physics was established in Chernogolovka; this was reorganized in 1997 as the independent Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics (IPCP RAS). Another department of the Semenov Institute was reorganized in 1994 as the N. M. Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics in Moscow of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

References

Research institutes in the Soviet Union
Research institutes in Russia
Chemical research institutes
1931 establishments in the Soviet Union
Research institutes established in 1931
Boeing Technical Fellowship. The Boeing Technical Fellowship program is a highly selective technical leadership career path at The Boeing Company, similar in nature to the IBM Fellows program.  Established in 1989, the role of the engineers and scientists serving as Technical Fellows is to set technical direction for Boeing, and to resolve issues that arise when the company creates new products. There are currently five levels in the Boeing Technical Fellowship program, each level reflecting varying degrees of impact within the company and in the industry at large: Associate Technical Fellow, Technical Fellow, and Senior Technical Fellow. In addition to Senior Technical Fellows, who are the director level, in 2019 Boeing added the level of Principal Senior Technical Fellow, at the senior director level, and Distinguished Senior Technical Fellow, at the vice president level.

Election into the Technical Fellowship follows a formal process.  Prospective Technical Fellows are nominated by management, and evaluated by the program based on five criteria:
 technical knowledge and judgment
 creative problem solving and innovation
 technical leadership, advising and consulting
 capability as a teacher and mentor
 technical vision.

If the candidate shows strength in these areas, the candidate is then interviewed by a board.  If the results of the interview are positive, the candidate advances to the Chief technology officer's office, for review and approval. As a result of the vetting process, the program includes only approximately 1.5% of Boeing’s workforce and represents “some of the best engineering and scientific minds at Boeing and in the industry.”

References

External links
IBM Fellows
Microsoft Technical Fellows

Boeing
Fellowships
Corporate fellows
.
Captive fastener. A captive fasteners is an engineered fastener designed for a permanent hold within a target assembly or housing, including upon servicing. They provide a secure joining, and avoid fastener loss or damage that might be caused by a loose part.

A captive fastener is sometimes made with thread locking, press-fitting, or broaching to accomplish an anchor-hold within a larger assembly housing. However, a captive fastener may also be melded with the material into which it is joined, either through cold forming or welding.

Captive screws are a type of machine screw which are frequently used for safety reasons, often with a captive washer. They are now required by EU law on equipment such as safety guards so that machinery complies with EU Machine Safety Directive 2006/42/EC.

References

External links 

 Accurate Screw Machine

Fasteners
Carla Meninsky. Carla Meninsky is a former video game designer and programmer active during the early years of the Atari VCS.
Along with Carol Shaw (creator of 3-D Tic-Tac-Toe and River Raid), Meninsky was one of three female engineers at Atari, Inc. to develop video game cartridges.
She later became an intellectual property lawyer.

Background
Meninsky's mother was a programmer and Carla learned programming in high school, but she switched from mathematics to neuropsychology and brain modelling at Stanford University. Given her artistic bent, Meninsky was particularly interested in vision and eventually veered back toward programming and a lifelong dream of creating animation tools.

She began her college career at Stanford studying math but eventually switched to psychology because it sounded more exciting. She learned basic Fortran in high school from her mother, who was a programmer, and through this built an interest in computer animation.

Atari, Inc.
Meninsky joined Atari after graduating from Stanford University with a degree in psychology.

For the Atari 2600 she wrote the racing games Indy 500 and Dodge 'Em (similar to the 1979 Head On coin-op from Sega), a 1981 port of Atari's Warlords, and the 2600 version of Star Raiders (originally designed by Doug Neubauer for the Atari 8-bit computers). She later worked on a port of Tempest that was never released, but prototypes exist.

Law practice
Meninsky worked for Electronic Arts (EA) and other game publishers and eventually started her own successful contract programming company. In the course of writing contracts and seeing intellectual property rights being ignored by some companies, she became interested in intellectual property law.
Meninsky graduated from George Washington University Law School and now practices intellectual property law. As an EPIC Public Interest Opportunities Program Fellow, Meninsky testified before the U.S. Senate in 2002.

References

Publications

External links
Carla Meninsky at MobyGames

Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American women lawyers
21st-century American lawyers
Living people
Atari people
American video game designers
American video game programmers
Electronic Arts employees
Intellectual property lawyers
Stanford University alumni
Women video game designers
Women video game programmers
Pieter Kasteleyn. Pieter Willem "Piet" Kasteleyn (12 October 1924 – 16 January 1996) was a Dutch physicist famous for his contributions to the field of statistical mechanics.

Biography

Pieter Willem Kasteleyn was born in Leiden on 12 October 1924. After finishing high school in 1942, Kasteleyn briefly studied chemistry in Amsterdam. After the war, Leiden University reopened, where he undertook the study of physics and graduated in 1951. He defended his Ph.D. thesis working under S.R. de Groot in 1956.

In 1963 Kasteleyn was nominated Full Professor at the Lorentz Institute of Theoretical Physics in Leiden.
In 1979 he was elected a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. From 1981 to 1985 he acted as secretary of the Physics Section of the Academy. From 1978 to 1984 he was chairman of the Commission for Theoretical Physics of the Dutch National Physics Foundation. He retired in 1985.

He died on 16 January 1996, after an unexpected and short illness.

Research

While investigating dimers on a square lattice (essentially a domino tiling), he independently discovered combinatorial Fisher-Kasteleyn-Temperley algorithm.
In a series of papers with C. M. Fortuin he developed random cluster model and obtained the FKG inequality. For Bernoulli percolation on graphs he formulated the Bunkbed conjecture.

References

External links
 

1996 deaths
1924 births
20th-century Dutch physicists
Leiden University alumni
Academic staff of Leiden University
Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
James R. Powell (physicist). James R. Powell was an American physicist, notable – together with Gordon Danby – for his work on superconducting maglev, for which he shared the Franklin Institute "Medal 2000 for Engineering".  He was a director of the MAGLEV 2000 of Florida Corporation and Danby Powell Maglev Technology Corporation. He received his BS in chemical engineering in 1953 from Carnegie Institute of Technology (now Carnegie Mellon University) and his Sc.D. in nuclear engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1958. He joined Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) in 1956, where he became a tenured senior nuclear engineer.  He retired in late 1996. Powell died on May 23, 2019.

His inventions, including the inductive levitation and stabilization guideway, null flux geometry, and linear synchronous motor for vehicle propulsion, are the basis for the 500-kilometer (300-mile) Tokyo-to-Nagoya maglev route planned to be operational 2027. He also has worked on pebble-bed nuclear reactor. He was a lead developer of the StarTram proposal.

References

Year of birth missing
20th-century American physicists
21st-century American physicists
Benjamin Franklin Medal (Franklin Institute) laureates
Gordon Danby. Gordon Thompson Danby (November 8, 1929 – August 2, 2016) was a Canadian-American physicist notable (together with Dr. James R. Powell) for his work on superconducting Maglev, for which he shared the Franklin Institute 'Medal 2000 for Engineering'.

Danby was born in Richmond, Ontario (now part of Ottawa) and went to Carleton University to study mathematics and physics before going to McGill University in Montreal, where he received a PhD in 1956. He started working at Brookhaven National Laboratory on Long Island, New York the following year and remained there until 1999. Danby was responsible for designing the magnetic storage ring initially used for E821 at BNL, which was later moved to Fermilab for the Muon g-2 experiment.

References

1929 births
2016 deaths
20th-century American physicists
Place of birth missing
Carleton University alumni
McGill University alumni
Canadian emigrants to the United States
Benjamin Franklin Medal (Franklin Institute) laureates
K factor (crude oil refining). The K factor or characterization factor is defined from Rankine boiling temperature °R=1.8Tb[k] and relative to water density ρ at 60°F: 

K(UOP) =  

The K factor is a systematic way of classifying a crude oil according to its paraffinic, naphthenic, intermediate or aromatic nature. 12.5 or higher indicate a crude oil of predominantly paraffinic constituents, while 10 or lower indicate a crude of more aromatic nature. The K(UOP) is also referred to as the UOP K factor or just UOPK.

See also
 Crude oil assay

References

External links
 Pipe fitting friction calculation
 Pipe Friction Loss Calculations

Oil refining
Separation processes
Samarium monosulfide. Samarium monosulfide is a binary inorganic chemical compound of samarium metal and sulfur with the chemical formula .

Synthesis
Fusion of stoichiometric amounts of pure substances:

Physical properties
Samarium monosulfide forms crystals of cubic system, spatial group Fm3m, cell parameters a = 0.5970–0.5863 nm, Z = 4, structurally isomorphic with NaCl.

The compound melts congruently at a temperature of 1500 °C, 1940 °C, or 2080 °C.

SmS is a chalcogenide material that exists in two possible states: as a metal (also called "golden") and as a semiconductor ("blue" or "black"). As a result, SmS has gained considerable interest as a switchable material.

Uses
Samarium monosulfide has a high sensitivity to deformation. Therefore, SmS is a promising material for creating pressure sensors of force, torque, accelerations, etc.

References

Technetium compounds
Sulfides
Monosulfides
Rock salt crystal structure
Erling Diesen. Erling Diesen (born 6 July 1932) is a Norwegian engineer and civil servant.

He was born in Geithus, finished his secondary education in Hønefoss in 1951 and graduated as a civil engineer from the Norwegian Institute of Technology in 1956. He worked at the Institute of Technology as engineer and research assistant until 1960, and was a secretary in the Norwegian Electrotechnical Committee from 1960 to 1961. He was hired in the Norwegian Water Resources and Electricity Agency in 1961, and was a chief engineer in the power plant department until 1977 and in the electricity department from 1977 to 1978. He was then a subdirector in the Norwegian Ministry of Petroleum and Energy from 1978 to 1980 and then as subdirector in the Water Resources and Electricity Agency from 1980 to 1983. He was the chief executive officer of Buskerud Energiverk from 1983.

In 1987 he became director-general of the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Agency, and after a reorganization he served as director from 1991 to 1999. He has presided over the Norwegian committee of the World Energy Council and chaired Norsk energiforening in the Norwegian Polytechnic Society.  He has been a board member of the Institute for Energy Technology and member of the NTNF energy committee.

He resides in Asker.

References

1932 births
Living people
People from Modum
Norwegian Institute of Technology alumni
Norwegian engineers
21st-century Norwegian civil servants
Directors of government agencies of Norway
Terminal Productivity Executive. Terminal Productivity Executive (TPX) is a multiple session manager for IBM mainframes. It allows connected users to access resources with a single sign-on. It holds several sessions concurrently, allowing a person to switch among them via the single connection on their physical terminal or terminal emulator application, i.e. telnet. For each session, TPX uses a virtual terminal; users can use it to switch amongst ISPF and SDSF in the Time Sharing Option. 

TPX is presently a product of CA Technologies, having been originally developed by Morgan Stanley, and later acquired by Duquesne Systems. TPX is primarily used on z/OS, but a version also exists for z/VM.

References 

IBM mainframe software
Deployable structure. A deployable structure is a structure that can change shape so as to significantly change its size.

Examples of deployable structures are umbrellas, some tensegrity structures, bistable structures, some Origami shapes and scissor-like structures. Deployable structures are also used on spacecraft for deploying solar panels and solar sails.

Space-based deployable structures can be categorized into three primary classes: the first is the articulated structure class wherein rigid members contain sliding contact joints or are folded at hinge points and pivot to deploy, often locking into place.  The second class consists of on-orbit assembly where a device is fabricated and/or mechanically joined in space to form the structure.  The final class is high strain structures (often composed of High strain composites) wherein the device is dramatically flexed from one configuration to another during deployment.

Gallery

See also
 Engineering mechanics
 Four-bar linkage
 Kinematics
 Linkage (mechanical)
 Machine
 Outline of machines
 Overconstrained mechanism
 Parallel motion
 Slider-crank linkage
 Compliant mechanism

References

External links

University of Cambridge Deployable structures department publications

Linkages (mechanical)
Structural engineering