omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
China Township Electrification Program. The China Township Electrification Program (Song Dian Dao Xiang) was a scheme to provide renewable electricity to 1.3 million people (around 200,000 households) in 1,000 townships in the Chinese provinces of Gansu, Hunan, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Xinjiang, Qinghai and Tibet.

The program, one of the world's largest renewable energy rural electrification programs, used a mixture of small hydro, photovoltaics and wind power. It was launched in 2001 by the State Development Planning Commission (now the National Development and Reform Commission) and was completed in 2005.

The program is being succeeded by a similar but larger China Village Electrification Program which will bring renewable electricity to 3.5 million households in 10,000 villages by 2010, to be followed by full rural electrification by 2015. China committed to generating 10% of its electricity from renewables by 2010.

External links
NREL: Sending Electricity to Townships
NREL: Efficient System Design and Sustainable Finance for China’s Village Electrification Program
other National Renewable Energy Laboratory publications

March 9, 2005, RenewableEnergyAccess.com:

References

Renewable energy in China
Rural electrification
Electric power in China
DRG Class ET 25. The ET 25 was a series of electric multiple units built in the 1930s by the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft.

History 

Some of the trains were used after World War II by the Deutsche Bundesbahn of West Germany, where they would be renamed to Class 425 in 1968. The last units were decommissioned in 1985; two units went to the DB Museum.

ET 25
ET 25
15 kV AC multiple units
Train-related introductions in 1935
Audio router. An audio router is a device that transports audio signals from inputs to outputs.

Inputs and Outputs 
The number of inputs and outputs varies dramatically. The way routers are described is normally number of inputs by number of outputs e.g. 2×1, 256×256.

Signals 
The type of signals transported - switched can be analogue - Analog - audio signals or Digital. Digital audio usually is in the AES/EBU standard for broadcast use. Broadband routers can route more than one signal type e.g. analogue or more than one type of digital.

Crosspoints 
Because any of the inputs can be routed to any output, the internal arrangement of the router is arranged as a number of crosspoints which can be activated to pass the corresponding signal to the desired output.

Some Manufacturers of audio routers
 Lawo
 Datavideo
 Imagine Communications
 AEQ
 FOR-A
 Klotz Digital
 NVISION
 Panasonic
 Philips
 Ross Video
 Snell & Wilcox
 Sony
 Thomson Grass Valley
 Utah Scientific
 Matrix Switch Corporation

See also
Video router
Vision mixer

Television technology
Television terminology
China Village Electrification Program. The China Village Electrification Program (Song Dian Dao Cun) was a scheme to provide renewable electricity to 3.5 million households in 10,000 villages by 2010. This was to be followed by full rural electrification using renewable energy by 2015.

The total program was expected to cost in the region of US$5 billion, and solar generated electricity were expected to play a major role. China produces around 20% of the world's total solar cells, and production is growing at over 50% each year. Small hydro and wind power were also likely to be employed. The Program followed on from the smaller China Township Electrification Program which ended in 2005. China was committed to generating 10% of its electricity from renewables by 2010.

External links
National Renewable Energy Laboratory publications
NREL: Efficient System Design and Sustainable Finance for China’s Village Electrification Program
Beijing Bergey Windpower Company: Wind Technology and Rural Electrification
ProjektConsult: Photoelectric Hybrid Plants for Village Electrification
Photovoltaics in Rural Electrification
China: Capacity Building for the Rapid Commercialisation of Renewable Energy
Alliance for Rural Electrification (non-profit trade organization)
Sustainable Energy Supply for Developing Countries

March 9, 2005, RenewableEnergyAccess.com:

References

Renewable energy in China
Rural electrification
Electric power in China
Davidson High School (Mobile, Alabama). W. P. Davidson High School is a four-year senior high school located in Mobile, Alabama. The school operates in the Mobile County Public School System.

The school serves a section of Tillmans Corner.

There are roughly 1,700 students and 110–125 staff members at the school.

Engineering Pathways Integrated Curriculum (EPIC)
Davidson's EPIC program attracts students from throughout Mobile County and offers courses in mechanical, electrical, and chemical engineering. Students can also take engineering-focused math, science, and drafting courses. The program requires its major students to complete five math or science courses in addition to the four math and four science courses required by the State of Alabama. Senior majors are required to complete Advance Placement Physics and Advance Placement Calculus AB. EPIC minors pursue a less rigorous course load in preparation for jobs in industry and technology.

International Baccalaureate
In November 2007, Davidson High School became an International Baccalaureate World School. The school is one of two state funded, international baccalaureate high schools in the Mobile County Public School System. Davidson High School is a founding member of IBSA (IB Schools of Alabama). Freshmen and sophomores at Davidson take preparatory classes and begin the IB program as juniors.

Robotics
Davidson participates in BEST Robotics. The team, RobotEx, has experienced success in the program.

School uniform
Davidson High School has a mandatory school uniform policy.
Traditionally, Davidson students wear white button down oxford shirts, khaki pants, black belts, and black shoes. Black sweatshirts must be from a Davidson club or an all black sweatshirt.
As of the 2024-2025 school year, black polos and black and white shoes also became available for students to wear. Hoodies of any kind were not allowed to be worn during school hours.

Feeder patterns
The following middle schools feed into Davidson High School:

Portions of the attendance zone:
 Denton Middle School, formally Azalea Road Middle School
 Pillans Middle School
 Washington Middle School
 Burns Middle School (as of 2007)
 Calloway-Smith Middle School (before the 2012–2013 School Year)

Notable alumni
Jason Caffey, former NBA player
Cooper Huckabee (Class of 1969), Hollywood actor
Cedric Johnson, NFL defensive end for the Cincinnati Bengals
Cephus Johnson, NFL wide receiver for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers
J.J. Johnson, Miami Dolphins
Brandon Maye, American football linebacker
Freddie Robinson, former defensive back of the Indianapolis Colts
Gregory Slay, Former drummer for Remy Zero
Jaquiski Tartt, former defensive back of the San Francisco 49ers
Richard Todd, former quarterback of the New York Jets
Richard Tyson, Hollywood actor
Jimmie Ward (Class of 2010), defensive back of the Houston Texans
Dana Williams, Former MLB player (Boston Red Sox)

References

External links
 Davidson High School

High schools in Mobile, Alabama
Educational institutions established in 1960
Public high schools in Alabama
1960 establishments in Alabama
Alfred Vanderstegen. Alfred Théodore Marie Vanderstegen (26 January 1869 – 7 January 1959) was a Belgian engineer, entrepreneur and liberal politician. He graduated as an engineer from the University of Ghent. He was the son of Henricus Vanderstegen and Rosa de Cavel.  Current descendants are the Vanderstegen family in Ghent.

During his political career he became municipality Council member in Ghent (1907–1947), burgomaster of Ghent (1921–1946) and senator (1936–1947) for the liberal party.

Sources
 Alfred Vanderstegen (Liberal archive)

1869 births
1959 deaths
Engineers from Ghent
Mayors of Ghent
Flemish politicians
Avia BH-16. 
The Avia BH-16 was a single-seat very light sport aircraft built in Czechoslovakia in 1924. Like other early Avia designs, it was a low-wing braced monoplane of wooden construction. It could be powered by either a  four-cylinder Vaslin engine or a   inverted-V twin-Blackburne Tomtit.

Specifications (Vaslin engine)

References

 
 Němeček, V. (1968). Československá letadla. Praha: Naše Vojsko.

1920s Czechoslovak sport aircraft
BH-16
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1924
Luton Minor. The Luton L.A.4 Minor was a 1930s British single-seat high-wing ultra-light aircraft. The prototype was built by the Luton Aircraft Limited, and design plans were later adapted and copies sold for homebuilding.

Design and development
The L.A.3 Minor ultralight was powered by a 35 hp Anzani inverted-vee air-cooled engine, and was of spruce, ply and fabric construction. It was designed by C.H. Latimer-Needham, and built by Luton Aircraft at Barton-in-the-Clay, Bedfordshire in 1936, using the fuselage and components of the earlier experimental L.A.2 tandem-wing aircraft. The prototype L.A.3 Minor, registered G-AEPD, first flew on 3 March 1937 at Heston Aerodrome. The aircraft was a successful flyer despite the low-powered engine, and it was then redesigned for home construction. Designated the L.A.4 Minor, it had a strutted undercarriage and parallel wing struts. The first L.A.4 Minor was built at the company's new factory (the Phoenix Works) at Gerrards Cross in Buckinghamshire. It was fitted with a 40 hp ABC Scorpion two-cylinder horizontally-opposed engine. All subsequent Luton Minors were home-built from plans sold by the company.

The Phoenix Works had burnt down during 1943, and Luton Aircraft had closed, so designer C.H. Latimer-Needham and A.W.J.G. Ord-Hume created a new company in March 1958 to take over the design rights for the Luton Minor. Latimer-Needham updated the design to take more modern lightweight four-cylinder engines and an increased all-up weight. The redesigned aircraft was designated L.A.4A Minor. The design, and subsequently the aircraft, has been built all over the world as a homebuilt aircraft with a wide variety of engines, with the plans for the aircraft being passed on to the Popular Flying Association (now the Light Aircraft Association) in the UK.

Operational history
Reviewers Roy Beisswenger and Marino Boric described the design in a 2015 review, saying, "it has a great deal of period charm and gives a back-to-basics feel, although performance doesn't match more modern designs. Predictable handling and sturdy construction make it a joy to own. A white scarf is a compulsory accessory.".

Variants
L.A.3 Minor
Prototype ultralight, one built.
L.A.4 Minor
Homebuilt version, one factory built and numerous homebuilt examples.
L.A.4A Minor
Updated homebuilt version to take more modern engines, all homebuilt.
Knowles Duet
The Knowles Duet was a side-by-side two seat version built by Alf Knowles in 1971, registered G-AYTT.
Coates Swalesong S.A.I
A Luton Minor built by James Coates, registered as G-AMAW.

Gowland Jenny Wren
A Luton Minor with enclosed cockpit and tricycle landing gear; registered G-ASRF it first flew on 13 OCtober 1966 at Panshanger.

Specifications (L.A.4A)

Notes

References

 Smith, R. 2002. British Built Aircraft Vol.1 Greater London. Tempus.

External links

 LAA specification sheet for Luton Minor

1930s British civil utility aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1937
Cryophorus. A cryophorus is a glass container containing liquid water and water vapor. It is used in physics courses to demonstrate rapid freezing by evaporation. A typical cryophorus has a bulb at one end connected to a tube of the same material. When the liquid water is manipulated into the bulbed end and the other end is submerged into a freezing mixture (such as liquid nitrogen),  the gas pressure drops as it is cooled.  The liquid water begins to evaporate, producing more water vapor. Evaporation causes the water to cool rapidly to its freezing point and it solidifies suddenly.

Wollaston's cryophorus was a precursor to the modern heat pipe.

History 
The cryophorus was first described by William Hyde Wollaston in an 1813 paper titled, "On a method of freezing at a distance."

References

Notes 

Laboratory glassware
Phase transitions
Physics education
Thermodynamics
2N7000. The 2N7000 is an N-channel, enhancement-mode MOSFET used for low-power switching applications.  

The 2N7000 is a widely available and popular part, often recommended as useful and common components to have around for hobbyist use.

Packaged in a TO-92 enclosure, the 2N7000 is rated to withstand 60 volts and can switch 200 millamps.

Applications
The 2N7000 has been referred to as a "FETlington" and as an "absolutely ideal hacker part." The word "FETlington" is a reference to the Darlington-transistor-like saturation characteristic.

A typical use of these transistors is as a switch for moderate voltages and currents, including as drivers for small lamps, motors, and relays. In switching circuits, these FETs can be used much like bipolar junction transistors, but have some advantages:
 high input impedance of the insulated gate means almost no gate current is required
 consequently no current-limiting resistor is required in the gate input
 MOSFETs, unlike PN junction devices (such as LEDs) can be paralleled because resistance increases with temperature, although the quality of this load balance is largely dependent on the internal chemistry of each individual MOSFET in the circuit

The main disadvantages of these FETs over bipolar transistors in switching are the following:
 susceptibility to cumulative damage from static discharge prior to installation
 circuits with external gate exposure require a protection gate resistor or other static discharge protection
 Non-zero ohmic response when driven to saturation, as compared to a constant junction voltage drop in a bipolar junction transistor

Other devices
Many other n-channel MOSFETs exist. Some part number are 2N7002, BS170,  2N7002, VQ1000J, and VQ1000P. They may have different pin outs, packages, and electrical properties.  The BS250P is "a good p-channel analog of the 2N7000."

References

External links 
 Application Notes for Experimenters
 Electric Field Sensor demonstrates extremely high gate impedance with a simple LED circuit
 Driving a single MOSFET Detailed description of usage of a similar MOSFET
Datasheets
 2N7000, 200mA, TO-92 case , On Semiconductor
 BS170, 500mA, TO-92 case , On Semiconductor
 2N7002, 300mA, SOT-23 case, NXP Semiconductors
 NX7002AK, 300mA, SOT-23 case, NXP Semiconductors

JEDEC standards
Commercial transistors
MOSFETs
LM 24. LM 24 is a keelboat. It was designed in 1977 by the Danish company Lunderskov Møbelfabrik (LM) and later produced from 1972 to 1984.

A total of 659 were produced, of which some were factory-assembled.

The hull is made of white fiberglass and the keel as a long-keel containing 1 ton of iron.

The outer dimensions are 7.20m in length, 6.10m in length at the waterline, and 23.22m in sail area to displacement. The draft is 1.00m and internally the cabin is 1.72m in height.

As they can be used as motorboats, they are able to contain an internal engine and has a 7.85m tall main-mast attached with a 3.20m long boom.

Their LYS value is 0.86.

References

External links
LM Glasfiber

External source references

Sailing yachts
1970s sailboat type designs
Sailboat type designs by Danish designers
Marsh Aviation. Marsh Aviation is an aircraft engineering, design, maintenance and re-manufacturing company, situated on East Falcon Drive, at Falcon Field in Mesa, Arizona. The company often works as a sub-contractor to well-known brand-name aerospace companies, discreetly designing and manufacturing components and sub-systems for high-profile programs. The company has also worked on a variety of aircraft programs for governments all over the world.

Founded in December 1961 to convert piston-powered aircraft to turboprop power, the company's first projects involved fitting Rockwell Thrush Commander agricultural aircraft with Garrett AiResearch TPE-331 engines. Later, the firm also re-engined Gulfstream Turbo Cats, Beech Turbo Mentors and Grumman S-2 Trackers with Garrett engines.

The company filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in September 2009.

Some of Marsh Aviation's aircraft engineering modification programs include:

 Grumman S-2F3AT Turbo Tracker, a re-engined Grumman S-2 Tracker, with Garrett TPE331 engines. Six converted for Argentine Navy.
 Rockwell/Ayres S2R-T Turbo Thrush airplane, a turboprop conversion of the Rockwell Thrush Commander, using a  Garrett TPE331-1-101 engine. Deliveries started in 1976. 75 conversions were completed by 1985.
 Grumman G164C Turbo Cat airplane, a turboprop conversion of the Grumman Super Ag Cat C/600. Six converted.

Notes

References
 

Aircraft manufacturers of the United States
Companies based in Mesa, Arizona
1961 establishments in Arizona
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1961
Resilient Floor Covering Institute. The Resilient Floor Covering Institute (RFCI) is a U.S. industry trade group representing manufacturers of resilient flooring, primarily made of vinyl. It is headquartered in Rockville, Maryland.

It is notable for suing the state of New York in 2003, claiming that its vinyl flooring should be recognized as a "green" building material.

See also
Vinyl composition tiles

References

External links
Resilient Floor Covering Institute
Ceramic tiles click vinyl flooring

Rockville, Maryland
Floors
Vinyl polymers
Trade associations based in the United States
World Electric Vehicle Association. The World Electric Vehicle Association (WEVA) is an organization that promotes electric vehicles.

Member associations 

It is composed of:
 The Electric Drive Transportation Association (EDTA)
 The Electric Vehicle Association of Asia Pacific (EVAAP)
 The European Association for Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (AVERE)

EDTA 
The Electric Drive Transportation Association (EDTA) is the American branch, based in Washington, D.C.

The Electric Drive Transportation Association (EDTA), established in 1989, is an American industry association focused on promoting electric drive technologies. EDTA's activities encompass supporting the sustainable commercialization of electric drive transportation technologies. It achieves this through various means, including providing comprehensive information and education, facilitating industry networking, engaging in public policy advocacy, and organizing international conferences and exhibitions.

EVAAP 
The Electric Vehicle Association of Asia Pacific (EVAAP) is an international organization that promotes the use of electric vehicles in the Asia and the Pacific and also representative to the World Electric Vehicle Association (WEVA) organizing the International Electric Vehicle Symposium (EVS) rotationally with AVERE and EDTA.

AVERE 
The European Association for Battery, Hybrid and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (AVERE) was founded in 1978 and is based in Brussels. It is a European network of users, NGO's, associations, interest groups, etc. Its main objective is promoting the use of battery, hybrid and fuel cell electric vehicles (individually and in fleets) for priority uses in order to achieve a greener mobility for cities and countries.

Structure

Activities

World Electric Vehicle Journal (WEVJ) 
WEVA publishes an international scientific journal called the World Electric Vehicle Journal. The World Electric Vehicle Journal is a peer-reviewed international scientific journal that covers all studies related to battery, hybrid and fuel cell electric vehicles comprehensively. It publishes selected contributions from the EVS Symposia after an additional review process.

See also 
 CalCars
 Electric vehicle
 Japan Automobile Research Institute (JARI)
 Repower America

References

External links 
 WEVA official site

International climate change organizations
Non-profit organizations based in California
Palo Alto, California
Plug-in hybrid vehicles
Environmental organizations based in California
Electric vehicle organizations
Organizations established in 1990
Saturn IB-D. Studied by Douglas Aircraft Company in 1965, this rocket consisted of a whole Saturn IB with 4 strap-on SRBs that have flown on the Titan 3E interplanetary missile carriers. All components of the vehicle have flown, but not together for this concept.

References 

Lowther, Scott, Saturn: Development, Details, Derivatives and Descendants, Work in progress. Available chapters may be ordered directly from Scott Lowther at web site indicated. Accessed at: https://web.archive.org/web/20070521083808/http://www.webcreations.com/ptm.

Saturn IB
Homogenizer. A homogenizer is a piece of laboratory or industrial equipment used for the homogenization of various types of material, such as tissue, plant, food, soil, and many others. Many different models have been developed using various physical technologies for disruption. The mortar and pestle, already used for thousands of years, is a standard tool even in modern laboratories. More modern solutions are based on blender type instruments, bead mills, ultrasonic treatment (also sonication), rotor-stator mechanical, high pressure, and many other physical forces. While there are many application overlaps between methods, each homogenization method has distinct advantages and disadvantages. 

There are often many different names for the same piece of mechanical homogenizing equipment, including Cell Lysor, Disperser, High Shear Mixer, Homogenizer, Polytron, Rotor Stator Homogenizer, Sonicator or Tissue Tearor.

Cell fractionation is done by homogenizer to release the organelles from cell. Whereas older technologies just focused on the disruption of the material, newer technologies also address quality or environmental aspects, such as cross-contamination, aerosols, risk of infection, or noise. Homogenization is a very common sample preparation step prior to the analysis of nucleic acids, proteins, cells, metabolism, pathogens, and many other targets.

Frosted glass slides 
As a simple alternative for mortar and pestle, frosted glass slides are used for homogenizing small and soft tissue specimens. Tissue specimen is homogenized in a small volume of appropriate buffer between corner areas of two frosted glass slides by circular movement; then homogenate is collected by a pipette.

See also
 Homogenization (chemistry)
 French pressure cell press
 Cell disruption
 Ultrasonic homogenizer

Laboratory equipment
C change. C change is a waterproof and windproof temperature adaptive material developed and produced by Schoeller Textiles.

The material contains a membrane layer which is set to a predetermined temperature range. Once the climate inside the garment warms (due to physical exertion or higher ambient temperatures), the polymer membrane structure opens up to allow water vapour to escape through the membrane. As the temperature falls, the membrane closes to its original structure, preserving body heat. This is inspired by pine cones which open and close in response to changes in ambient temperature, and can be regarded as an example of biomimicry.

The fabric won the 2006 Frost & Sullivan Award for Product Innovation of the Year.

References

External links
 Schoeller textiles home page

Technical fabrics
Brand name materials