omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Reinhold Platz. Reinhold Platz (16 January 1886 – 15 September 1966) was a German aircraft designer and manufacturer in service of the Dutch company Fokker.

Platz was hired by Fokker in 1912 as a welder. His first hands-on projects were to weld the frame parts for the Fokker Spin. Platz became the head designer at the Fokker factory in Schwerin in 1916. Platz had no higher education like Anthony Fokker, but was a man of practical knowledge. This turned the two men into a strong team, in which Fokker was able to bring forth new revolutionary ideas to aircraft design, while Platz implemented them in prototype aircraft. Platz became the head designer at the Fokker factory in Amsterdam after World War I.

Platz is now largely credited with designing the innovative Fokker D.VII fighter aircraft.  Some have suggested that Platz was merely the foreman of the welding unit at Fokker, however, and that his status was raised in Weyl's book (see below) in an effort to denigrate Anthony Fokker's design achievements.

Platz was born in Cottbus and died in Ahrensburg.

References
Weyl, Alfred R. Fokker: The Creative Years. Putnam 1965.
Grosz, Peter. Reinhold Platz and the Fokker Co. Over the Front, Vol. 5, No. 3, Autumn 1990.

1886 births
1966 deaths
People from Cottbus
People from the Province of Brandenburg
Fokker
Aircraft designers
German aerospace engineers
Engineers from Brandenburg
Engineers from the German Empire
CFL Class 3000. The CFL class 3000 is a class of twenty mixed use 200 km/h Tractis type electric locomotives ordered by the Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois (CFL) in 1995 as part of a joint order with SNCB of 80 units from Alstom.

Background, design and operation

The CFL 3000 class have the same mechanical and electrical design as the SNCB 13 locomotives. They were ordered in 1995 to replace electric and diesel locomotives dating from the 1950/60s.

The class were constructed between 1998 and 1999, and entered service from 1998 to 2001. On introduction the class experienced a number of problems relating to electrical/electromagnetic interference with track circuits, signalling systems, and issues with noise introduction onto power supplies.

The locomotives share the work on  Brussels - Luxembourg services, and exclusively work the Liège - Luxembourg trains. They are also used on freight services between Luxembourg and France/Belgium.

References

3000
Alstom locomotives
3000 V DC locomotives
25 kV AC locomotives
Bo′Bo′ locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1998
Electric locomotives of Luxembourg
Standard gauge locomotives of Luxembourg
Standard gauge locomotives of Belgium
Standard gauge locomotives of France

lb:CFL 3000
John Robert Woodyard. John Robert Woodyard (1904–1981) was an American physicist and electrical engineer who made important contributions to the technology of microwave electronics.

Life
Born in West Virginia and educated in Washington, Woodyard showed an early enthusiasm for radio telegraphy and trained and worked as a radio operator and technician, at sea and on land. In 1928 he enrolled at the University of Washington to study electrical engineering and graduated in 1932. He then pursued an academic career, eventually arriving at Stanford University to work with Russel and Sigurd F. Varian, W. W. Hansen and Edward Ginzton.

With Hansen, he developed the Hansen-Woodyard principle for optimal design of directional antennas. He was awarded his PhD in 1940 and moved, with the rest of Hansen's team, to Sperry Gyroscope Company to work on radar during World War II. Woodyard filed many patents for Sperry, the most significant of which was for the process of "doping" to improve the performance of semiconductors. The demands of war work denied Woodyard the opportunity to pursue this line of research but, post-war, the technique became crucially important in the semiconductor industry and proved the grounds of extensive litigation by Sperry Rand.

In 1945 Woodyard briefly joined Purdue University before appointment at the University of California at Berkeley to work with Luis Walter Alvarez and Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky on the Berkeley proton accelerator.

An enthusiastic and able teacher, he continued to lecture after his retirement in 1971. Woodyard was survived by his wife, Ruth, and two daughters, Alix and Mary Inman.

Honours
Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, (1963), "For Contributions to Electronic Engineering Education".

References

Bibliography

External links

1904 births
1981 deaths
20th-century American physicists
EMC AA. AA was a designator used for several different diesel locomotive types custom built by General Motors Corporation EMC/GM with passenger or baggage space in the same body.  This locomotive is listed as class AA-6 by R. Craig, and the designation is logical as the locomotive is described as "half an E6" in the Second Diesel Spotter's Guide.

One such was a single locomotive built for the Missouri Pacific Railroad, delivered in August 1940, numbered #7100. MP 7100 was built for service with the Delta Eagle passenger train, which ran between Memphis, Tennessee and Tallulah, Louisiana.  Note: Missouri Pacific ordered all their 'E' units with portholes instead of square windows like most of the E series from the EA to E7's.  This was the only MoPac unit with square windows (on the baggage door).

Since the two-car train the unit would have to haul was comparatively light, the AA was built with only one 1,000 hp EMD 567 V12 prime mover, and a baggage compartment where the second diesel would have been.

Other EMC/GM locomotives carrying the AA classification include the Pioneer Zephyr, Flying Yankee, and General Pershing Zephyr power units.

External links
Photo of 7100 pulling the Delta Eagle

References 

 

A1A-3 locomotives
AA6
Missouri Pacific Railroad
Passenger locomotives
Diesel–electric locomotives of the United States
Railway locomotives introduced in 1940
Scrapped locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
SPMT. SPMT can mean:

Serial Port Memory Technology, a coalition of companies involved in designing and manufacturing mobile devices, integrated circuits, and semiconductor IP.
 Self-propelled modular transporter (SPMT), a platform vehicle with a large array of wheels on the bottom. 
Speculative multithreading (SpMT), a dynamic parallelization technique that depends on out-of-order execution to achieve speedup on multiprocessor CPUs.
Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Crown of Terengganu (S.P.M.T.), Sultanate of Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia

See also
CMAC (disambiguation). CMAC is the Cipher-based Message Authentication Code, a cryptographic algorithm.

CMAC may also refer to:

Science and technology
 Cerebellar model articulation controller, type of neural network
 Continuous monitoring and adaptive control (stormwater management), a type of stormwater BMP

Organizations
 Cambodian Mine Action Centre, see Land mines in Cambodia
 Center for Maritime Archaeology and Conservation (CMAC), at Texas A&M University, US
 Court Martial Appeal Court of Canada

Other uses
 Constellation Brands – Marvin Sands Performing Arts Center, an outdoor concert venue in Canadaigua, New York, US

See also
 C-MAC, a European television standard
Frequency-locked loop. A frequency-lock, or frequency-locked loop (FLL), is an electronic control system that generates a signal that is locked to the frequency of an input or "reference" signal. This circuit compares the frequency of a controlled oscillator to the reference, automatically raising or lowering the frequency of the oscillator until its frequency (but not necessarily its phase) is matched to that of the reference.

A frequency-locked loop is an example of a control system using negative feedback. Frequency-lock loops are used in radio, telecommunications, computers and other electronic applications to generate stable frequencies, or to recover a signal from a noisy communication channel.

A frequency-locked loop is similar to a phase-locked loop (PLL), but only attempts to control the derivative of phase, not the phase itself.  Because it tries to do less, an FLL can acquire lock faster and over a wider range than a PLL.  Sometimes the two are used in combination, with a frequency-locked loop used initially until the oscillator frequency is close enough to the reference that a PLL can take over.

Advanced applications can use both simultaneously, creating what is called an "FLL-assisted PLL" (FPLL).

See also 
Phase-locked loop

References

External links 
 

Electronic design
Doświadczalne Warsztaty Lotnicze. Doświadczalne Warsztaty Lotnicze (DWL) (Experimental Aeronautical Workshops) was the Polish aircraft manufacturer, active in 1933-1939. It was a home of the RWD construction team and manufactured aircraft under a brand RWD.

History

The RWD construction team was organized of students of Warsaw University of Technology around 1928. They built their first designs in workshops of the Aviation Section of Students' Mechanical Club, in University buildings. In 1930 the workshops moved to new buildings near Okęcie airport in Warsaw, founded by the LOPP organization. In March 1933 the workshops separated from the Aviation Section and the University, and there was created a company Doświadczalne Warsztaty Lotnicze to manufacture RWD aircraft.

Main designers were Stanisław Rogalski and Jerzy Drzewiecki of the RWD team, other designers were Bronisław Żurakowski, Tadeusz Chylinski, Leszek Dulęba and Andrzej Anczutin and several engineers, including Henry Millicer. A company director was Jerzy Wędrychowski.

First RWD designs manufactured in the DWL were the Polish basic trainer RWD-8 and the sports plane RWD-9 (the winner of Challenge 1934 international contest). Due to limited capabilities of DWL, only some 80 RWD-8s were made in the DWL, and about 470 licence-built in Podlaska Wytwórnia Samolotów (PWS). Also, a reconnaissance plane RWD-14 Czapla was licence-built in Lubelska Wytwórnia Samolotów (LWS) only.

The plane manufactured in biggest number in DWL was a touring plane RWD-13 (about 100). Other important designs were the RWD-10 aerobatic plane (1933), RWD-17 aerobatic-trainer plane (1937) and RWD-21 light sports plane (1939). World War II prevented further development and serial production of later RWD designs, and put an end to the DWL workshops.

Aircraft

DWL operated as the factory of RWD. As such, once testing was completed and design was finalized by the latter, it would be passed to the former for mass production.

References

Footnotes

Bibliography

External links
 RWD / Doświadczalne Warsztaty Lotnicze – Samoloty w Lotinctwie Polskim

Aircraft manufacturers of Poland
Science and technology in Poland
Aluminium of Greece. Aluminium of Greece (, Aloumínio tēs Elládos; ) is an aluminium producing company in Greece. It was founded in 1960 by a conglomerate including French aluminium producer Pechiney. Its headquarters are in Marousi, Athens. Its production plant is located at Agios Nikolaos, near Distomo in Boeotia, on the north coast of the Gulf of Corinth. The site combines proximity to the large bauxite deposits of Boeotia and Phocis and sea transportation facilities, with unobtrusive integration into the surrounding area. The annual production capacity of this industrial complex is : 800,000 tonnes of alumina and 165,000 tonnes of aluminium.

1,100 people are directly employed by the plant. Since 2005 it is member of Mytilineos Holdings. The company has been listed on the Athens Stock Exchange since 1973. The company also owns Delphi-Distomon mining company.

Aluminium of Greece also owns Agios Nikolaos Port, a dock capable of accommodating and serving boats up to .

Installations
Established in an area of Greece rich in bauxite deposits, the company's plants are: a bauxite processing unit for the production of alumina and an alumina processing unit for the production of aluminium.

Capacity

The plant processes : 
1,400,000 tonnes of Greek, and
200,000 tonnes of Tropical Bauxite.

The plant produces : 
800,000 tonnes of alumina.
165,000 tonnes of aluminium.

Aluminium of Greece has around 1,100 employees.

See also
 Mytilineos Holdings

References

External links

 Official website  &  & 

Aluminium companies of Greece
Companies based in Athens
Aluminium smelters
Mining companies of Greece
Non-renewable resource companies established in 1960
Boeotia
Greek brands
Mytilineos SA
Greek companies established in 1960
Instruments (software). 

Instruments (formerly Xray) is an application performance analyzer and visualizer by Apple Inc., integrated in Xcode 3.0 and later versions of Xcode. It is built on top of the DTrace tracing framework from OpenSolaris, which was ported to Mac OS X v10.5 and which is available in all following versions of macOS.

Instruments shows a time line displaying any event occurring in the application, such as CPU activity variation, memory allocation, and network and file activity, together with graphs and statistics. Group of events are monitored via customizable "instruments", which have the ability to record user generated events and replay (emulate) them exactly as many times as needed, so a developer can see the effect of code changes without actually doing the repetitive work. The Instrument Builder feature allows the creation of custom analysis instruments.

Features  
Built-in instruments can track 
 CPU activity of processes and threads.
 Memory allocation and release, garbage collection and memory leaks.
 File reads, writes, locks.
 Network activity and traffic. This instrument works like  Activity Monitor but also stores the data for future reference. 
 Graphics and inner workings of OpenGL and Metal.
 Energy diagnostics and "dead" objects.
 UI automation and Core animation.
 User events, such as keyboard keys pressed and mouse moves and clicks with exact time.

See also 
 List of performance analysis tools
 Dashcode
 Shark (application)

References 

MacOS programming tools
Debuggers
Profilers
Software optimization
Bentley BR2. The Bentley B.R.2 was a nine-cylinder British rotary aircraft engine developed during the First World War by the motor car engine designer W. O. Bentley from his earlier Bentley BR.1. The BR.2 was built in small numbers during the war, its main use being by the Royal Air Force in the early 1920s.

Design and development
The initial variant of the BR.2 developed , with nine cylinders measuring  for a total displacement of 1,522 cubic inches (24.9 L). It weighed , only  more than the Bentley BR.1.

This was the last type of rotary engine to be adopted by the RAF – later air-cooled aircraft engines such as the Cosmos Jupiter and Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar being almost entirely of the fixed radial type. With the BR.2, the rotary engine had reached a point beyond which this type of engine could not be further developed, due to its inherent limitations.

Applications
The type selected as the standard single-seat fighter of the post-war RAF, the Sopwith Snipe, had been designed around the BR.2, as had its ground attack version, the Sopwith TF.2 Salamander. A number of other experimental and minor production types were either designed for, or otherwise fitted with this power plant during the late "war" years and into the early 1920s.

 Armstrong Whitworth Armadillo
 Austin Osprey
 Boulton Paul Bobolink
 Brennan Helicopter
 Gloster Grouse
 Gloster Nightjar
 Gloster Sparrowhawk
 Grain Griffin
 Handley Page Type S
 Nieuport Nightjar
 Parnall Panther
 Sopwith Buffalo
 Sopwith Gnu
 Sopwith Salamander
 Sopwith Snipe
 Vickers Vampire

Variants
BR.2 230
1918, 230 hp.
BR.2 245 
1918, 245 hp.

Engines on display
A Bentley BR.2 is on public display in the Science Museum (London), another forms part of the aero engine collection at the Royal Air Force Museum Cosford. Another one (serial number 40543, manufactured by Gwynnes) is in the National Military Museum, Romania.

The sole operational BR.2 is mounted in Fantasy of Flight's replica of the Sopwith Snipe.

A ¼ scale working replica of the Bentley BR.2 World War I rotary aero engine built by Lewis Kinleside Blackmore is currently on display at the Bentley Memorial Building in Oxfordshire, UK. This was the first model built of this engine and is the subject also of a book by L K Blackmore.

The Canada Aviation and Space Museum in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada has a BR.2 installed in their Sopwith 7F.1 Snipe.

Specifications (BR.2)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 
 Gunston, Bill. World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. 
Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War I. London. Studio Editions Ltd, 1993. 
 Lumsden, Alec. British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. .

External links

 National Museum of the USAF - BR.2 fact sheet

Rotary aircraft piston engines
Air-cooled aircraft piston engines
1910s aircraft piston engines
CANSA C.6. 

The CANSA C.6 was a training biplane developed in Italy during World War II. It was intended as an aerobatic intermediate trainer for the Regia Aeronautica and was of conventional tailskid configuration with a single-bay wing cellule with swept outer panels. Two prototypes were constructed, the single-seat C.6 and the two-seat C.6B, but no production order ensued.

Specifications (C.6B)

References
 
 
 aerei-italiani.net

C.6
1940s Italian military trainer aircraft
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1941
Tangmere Military Aviation Museum. The Tangmere Military Aviation Museum is a museum located on the former site of RAF Tangmere, West Sussex. The museum was opened in June 1982. Many aerospace exhibits covering the First World War to the Cold War are on display including fixed-wing aircraft, helicopters and aircraft engines.

Aircraft on display
The museum aircraft are housed in two hangars with a small number on display externally. Several exhibits are on loan from the Royal Air Force Museum including the Hawker Hunter used by Neville Duke to break the airspeed record in 1953.

Piston engine aircraft

 Hawker Hurricane – replica
 Supermarine Spitfire K5054 – replica
 Westland Lysander – replica

Jet aircraft

 de Havilland Sea Vixen FAW.2 XJ580
 de Havilland Vampire T.11 XH313
 English Electric Lightning F.53 ZF578
 Gloster Meteor F.4 EE549
 Gloster Meteor F.8 WA829/WA984
 Hawker Hunter F.3 WB188
 Hawker Hunter F.5 WP190
 Hawker Siddeley Harrier GR.3 XV744
 McDonnell Douglas Phantom FGR.2 XV408
 Supermarine Swift FR.5 WK281

Aircraft cockpits

 de Havilland Canada Chipmunk T.10 WZ876
 English Electric Canberra B.2 WE113
 Hawker Hunter F.4 WV332
 Percival Provost T.1 XF840
 Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5A – replica
 Supermarine Spitfire IX – under construction

Helicopters
 Westland Wessex HU.5 XS511

Simulators

 Air Combat Simulator
 English Electric Lightning
 Red Simulators

Aircraft engines

Piston engines
 Rolls-Royce Griffon

Gas turbine engines

 Rolls-Royce Derwent
 Rolls-Royce Nene
 Rolls-Royce Palouste

See also
List of aerospace museums

References

Notes

Bibliography 

 Ellis, Ken. Wrecks and Relics - 19th Edition, Midland Publishing, Hinckley, Leicestershire. 2004.

External links

Tangmere Military Aviation Museum

Military aviation museums in England
Museums in West Sussex
Curtiss K-12. The Curtiss K-12 was a milestone in the development of liquid-cooled aircraft engines and was regarded as one of the most advanced in the world for its time.

Design and development
Designed by Charles B. Kirkham and first tested in 1916, the K-12 featured a cast aluminum upper crankcase and integral cylinder blocks, four valves per cylinder, and "wet sleeve" construction for improved cooling. It relied upon high rpm and reduction gearing to develop the same power as larger engines. Although technologically advanced, many of the K-12's innovations challenged the state-of-the-art and created serious reliability problems. Most problems were centered on producing reliable reduction gears.

The K-12 design led to the development of the very successful Curtiss D-12 (1922) engine used in fighters and racing planes. By 1926 the D-12 design had evolved into the more powerful Curtiss V-1570 "Conqueror," noted for its use in military aircraft. That evolution was continued in the powerful liquid-cooled, V-12 aircraft engines of World War II that owed so much to design concepts pioneered in the K-12 engine of 1916.

Specifications (Curtiss K-12)

References
 Curtiss K-12 – National Museum of the United States Air Force

External links

This article incorporates text from a public domain work of the United States Government.

K-12
1910s aircraft piston engines
V12 aircraft engines
Walter Rohland. Walter Rohland (14 December 1898 – 26 February 1981) was a German industrial leader during World War II. In 1916, during World War I, Rohland joined the engineering corps as a teenage volunteer.  Rohland worked was chief engineer for the company Bochumer Verein headed by Walter Borbet (1881–1942).  Borbet's company had pioneered the introduction of low-cost gun steels in World War I.  In the 1920s Bochumer Verein became one of the centers for the development of centrifugal casting, a revolutionary process in which gun barrels, rather than being bored out of solid steel ingots, were spun out of molten metal.   From 1940 to 1943, Rohland was chief of the Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Krefeld, a leading supplier of armour plating. From 1943 to 1945, Rohland was head of the giant Vereinigte Stahlwerke complex. He also served on the main German tank production coordinating committee.

Rohland was a Nazi Party member from 1933.

On 20 April 1944, Rohland appealed to Albert Speer not to resign, telling Speer, "the thing that matters from now on is what can we hang on to which will carry us through the period after a lost war.  To help us with that, you have to stay at your post!"

References

 The Wages of Destruction, Adam Tooze, Penguin Books, London, 2007

Businesspeople from North Rhine-Westphalia
1898 births
1981 deaths
Recipients of the Knights Cross of the War Merit Cross