omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Elfyn Richards. Professor Elfyn John Richards (28 December 1914 – 7 September 1995) was a Welsh aeronautical engineer and acoustical engineer, the first professor of either of these subjects at University of Southampton, where he founded the Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, and was the second Vice-Chancellor of Loughborough University of Technology.

Education and early life
Richards (sometimes known as "Sam") was born in Barry, Glamorgan on 28 December 1914, and studied at Barry Grammar School, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, and St John's College, Cambridge, where he read mathematics and physics.

Career and research
Richards began his career at the Bristol Aeroplane Company, then moved to the National Physical Laboratory studying aerofoil design. In 1945 he became Chief Aerodynamicist at Vickers-Armstrong, working on designs for the Vickers Valiant, Vickers Viscount and Vickers Valiant aircraft.  During this period he developed a research interest in aircraft noise. In 1950 he was appointed the first Professor of Aeronautical Engineering at Southampton University, and in 1963 became Professor of Applied Acoustics at the same university and founded the Institute of Sound and Vibration Research.  From 1967 to 1975 he was Vice-Chancellor of Loughborough University of Technology.  After this he returned to Southampton University, taking up a chair in the Institute of Sound and Vibration Research.

Awards and honours
Richards was awarded the OBE in 1958 for his work on noise. (believe it was for the Acoustic design concepts of the de Havilland Comet) He was awarded the Taylor Gold Medal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, the James Watt Medal of the Institution of Civil Engineers, and the Silver Medal of the Royal Society of Arts.  He served as President of the British Acoustical Society (1968–70) and President of the Society of Environmental Engineers (1971–73).  He is commemorated in Elvyn Richards student accommodation at Loughborough University.

Richards also received an Honorary Doctorate from Heriot-Watt University in 1983

Publications
Noise and Acoustic Fatigue in Aeronautics by Elfyn John Richards & D. J. Mead  (Wiley)

Personal life
Richards married 3 times: first in 1941 to Eluned Jones (d. 1978) with whom he had 3 daughters, then in 1986 to Olive Meakin (d. 1989) and in 1990 to Miriam Davidson, who survived him.  He died in Romsey, Hampshire on 7 September 1995.

References

1914 births
1995 deaths
Welsh aerospace engineers
Engineering academics
People from Barry, Vale of Glamorgan
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
Vice-chancellors of Loughborough University
Academics of the University of Southampton
Scientists of the National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom)
20th-century British engineers
Ethernet Global Data Protocol. Ethernet Global Data (EGD) is a protocol that enables producer (server) to share a portion of its memory to all the consumers (clients) at a scheduled periodic rate. This protocol is developed for GE Fanuc PLCs to exchange data between PLCs / Drive Systems / HMI/SCADA systems. The protocol uses  UDP over Ethernet layers for exchanging the data. A snapshot of internal reference memory, mediated by an Ethernet interface, is referred to as an exchange. An exchange does not require a reply and is identified by a unique combination of three major identifiers.
 The Producer ID (the producer's IP address)
 The Exchange ID (the exchange's identifier)
 The Adapter Name (the Ethernet interface identifier)

EGD is implemented using classes.
 Class 0 - supports configured exchanges only (implemented in most PACSystems CPUs)
 Class 1 - supports all class 0 services plus programmed EGD exchanges that can be used to read and write other devices on an ad-hoc basis
 Class 2 - supports all class 1 services plus acts as a responder for programmed EGD exchanges (implemented by Ethernet interface module only)
 Class 3 - supports all class 2 services plus static configuration from an EGD configuration server
 Class 4 - supports all class 3 services plus dynamically bound configuration from an EGD configuration server

External links

Industrial computing
Industrial Ethernet
Olimunllum. Olimunllum is a thermoplastic composite material containing a quasi-isotropic endless carbon fiber reinforcement and a semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer matrix from the Polyaryletherketone (PAEK) family.

Recycling
Endless fiber-reinforced PAEK composite, as used in the Olimunllum sheets, can be recycled by chopping the old material, resulting in a composite with short fiber reinforcement that can be thermoformed again. The mechanical properties of pressed or injected CF/PEEK chopped compounds are significantly lower than the original endless fiber composite but exceed those of new injection-molded compounds.

References

Niederstadt, G.: Ökonomischer und ökologischer Leichtbau mit faserverstärkten Polymeren, Expert Verlag, 1997

External links
 Olimunllum America LLC website

Polyethers
Organic polymers
Thermoplastics
Technical fabrics
Brand name materials
Herbert Haslegrave. Herbert Leslie Haslegrave (1902–1999) was a British engineering academic who developed Loughborough Technical College into Loughborough University of Technology, and was its first Vice-Chancellor.

Education
Haslegrave was born in Yorkshire in 1902 and went to Wakefield Grammar School. He continued studying part-time at Bradford Technical College whilst working as an engineering apprentice with the English Electric Company, and gained an external degree of the University of London with first class honours. He then obtained a Whitworth Senior Scholarship which enabled him to go to Trinity Hall, Cambridge where he gained first class honours in the Mechanical Sciences Tripos and several awards.

Career
After a short period in industry he became a college lecturer, joining Wolverhampton & Staffordshire Technical College in 1931, then Bradford Technical College in 1932 and Loughborough College in 1935. He then held a series of posts as principal of colleges, respectively of St Helen's Technical College, Barnsley Technical College and Leicester College of Technology.  In 1953 he became Principal of Loughborough College and developed it into a College of Advanced Technology in 1957 and to the UK's first Technical University, Loughborough University of Technology in 1966.  He was its first Vice-Chancellor until his retirement in 1966.  In 1972, Haslegrave was President of the Whitworth Society. He died in September 1999.

References

Further reading
The Independent 23 October 1999 Obituary: Herbert Haslegrave (D. C. Freshwater)

1902 births
1999 deaths
British mechanical engineers
Engineering academics
People from the City of Wakefield
Alumni of Trinity Hall, Cambridge
Vice-chancellors of Loughborough University
Engineers from Yorkshire
Ipke Wachsmuth. Ipke Wachsmuth  was born 1950. He is a German computer scientist within the fields of artificial intelligence and cognitive science.

Wachsmuth is a professor for artificial intelligence at Bielefeld University and teaches computer science and artificial intelligence since 1989. From 2002 until 2009 he was the managing director of the Center for Interdisciplinary Research (Zentrum für interdisziplinäre Forschung, ZiF) in Bielefeld. His research mainly focuses on human-machine interaction and virtual reality. 

Wachsmuth is known for connecting classical symbolic technologies of knowledge representation with elements of dynamic gestures and facial expressions. This is especially exemplified by the development of the embodied agent Max. Since the 1990s Wachsmuth has also been a driving force behind the Interdisciplinary College, an annual spring school in the fields of neurobiology, neural computation, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, robotics and philosophy.

References

External links 
 Homepage of Ipke Wachsmuth
 Homepage of Artificial Intelligence Working Group of Bielefeld University

Academic staff of Bielefeld University
German computer scientists
1950 births
Living people
Stevens SU-1. The Stevens SU-1 is an American single seat, high-wing, strut-braced, glider that was designed in 1933 by students at the Stevens Institute of Technology in Hoboken, New Jersey.

Design and development
The SU-1 was developed as an attempt to improve the performance of the Franklin PS-2, by designing new wings for it as a student project. The PS-2's straight  wings were replaced with  gull-wings. Like the original wings, the new wings have two spars, but instead of parallel struts, the new wings use V-struts terminating at a single fuselage attachment point. Jury struts are also used. Like the original wings, the new wings are a wooden structure, covered in doped aircraft fabric covering. The SU-1 retains the PS-2's original steel tube fuselage. The landing gear is a fixed monowheel type.

Testing showed that the Stevens Institute students were successful and the SU-1 has a glide ratio of 17:1, two points better than the PS-2. It also has a slightly higher sink rate of 180 feet per minute versus the PS-2's 150. Gross weight was also increased from  to .

About four SU-1s were produced.

Operational history
In 1983 Soaring magazine reported that two SU-1s were still in existence, one in serviceable condition and one in need of repair.

In April 2011 one remained on the Federal Aviation Administration register.

Specifications (variant specified)

See also

References

1930s United States sailplanes
Stevens Institute of Technology
Aircraft first flown in 1933
Roter Vogel. The Roter Vogel is a German sailplane built in 1923 that was adapted for powered flight.

Design and development
The high-wing, Roter Vogel was first designed to be a conventional glider, and was adapted for powered flight with the smallest engine available at the time.

The Douglas engine was mounted flush inside the cockpit of the glider, with the prop driven by internal belts. The rudder and elevators were hinged to be a single movable surface.

Operational history
Roter Vogel placed second in the 1924 Roene Germany Light Aircraft Contest.

Specifications (Roter Vogel)

References

1920s German sailplanes
Motor gliders
Aircraft first flown in 1923
High-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Collapsible flow. Collapsible flow is a phenomenon that occurs in steady flow in tubes with significant distensibility, or the capability of swelling or stretching, under conditions of lower internal pressure relative to pressure outside the tube. Such conditions occur rarely in industrial applications but are very common in biological studies such as blood flow in veins and air flow in lungs.

When a flow is driven through a deformable channel or tube, interactions between fluid-mechanical and elastic forces can lead to a variety of biologically significant phenomena, including nonlinear pressure-drop/flow-rate relations, wave propagation,
and the generation of instabilities. Understanding the physical origin and nature of these phenomena remains a significant experimental, analytical, and computational challenge, involving unsteady flows at low or high Reynolds numbers, large-amplitude fluid-structure  interactions, free-surface flows, and intrinsically 2D or 3D motion. Whereas frequently the internal flow involves a single fluid
phase (albeit often of a complex biological fluid such as blood), in many instances the presence of two or more distinct flowing phases is of primary importance (as is the case for air-liquid flows in peripheral lung airways, for example).

Single Phase in Collapsible Tubes 
Venous collapse is important during exercise, when muscular compression of leg veins is used to pump blood against gravity up to the heart, and in therapeutic compression of leg veins for the treatment of deep-vein thrombosis 

partial vessel collapse occurs in vessels which undergo conditions of higher external pressure relative to the fluid within and can be difficult to predict mathematically. As such, devices such as a Starling Resistor are often used to predict fluid flow under these conditions.

Fluid is forced through an elastically deforming tube which passes through a region of high external pressure causing a flattening of the tube depending on the relative pressures of the inside and outside of the tube.

In the absence of any flow (puD pd), an increase in pe generates a compressive stress in the tube wall causing it to buckle from a circular to an elliptic cross-section (except, of course, near its ends, where it is attached to the rigid tubes). Buckling to a shape with more than two lobes may arise in short, tethered, or inhomogeneous tubes. Once buckled, the tube becomes highly compliant so that small additional increases in pe lead to a substantial reduction in cross-sectional area ®. Further compression leads to contact of the opposite tube walls, first at a point, and then along a line (Figure 2, left); once in opposite-wall contact, the tube's compliance falls because strong bending forces in the tube wall at the bulbous end of each lobe provide an increasing resistance to area reductions. The “tube law,” the relation between transmural pressure P – Pexternal (where p is the internal pressure) and , for a long thin-walled tube can be approximated by thin-shell theory for an axially uniform elastic ring

References 

Continuum mechanics
Flow regimes
Piping
List of founding members of the Canadian Academy of Engineering. This is a list of the founding Fellows of the Canadian Academy of Engineering:

 Pierre R. Bélanger
 Lionel Boulet (1919–1996)
 William Boyle
 Angus A. Bruneau
 Donald A. Chisholm (1927–2004)
 J.V. Raymond Cyr
 Camille A. Dagenais
 Alan G. Davenport (1932–2009)
 Colin D. diCenzo (1923–1992)
 John T. Dyment (1904–2000)
 Bernard Etkin
 John S. Foster
 William H. Gauvin (1913–1994)
 Jean-Paul Gourdeau
 George W. Govier
 James M. Ham (1920–1997)
 Richard D. Hiscocks
 Larkin Kerwin  (1924–2004)
 Lesmere F. Kirkpatrick
 Bernard Lamarre
 Philip A. Lapp
 Robert F. Legget (1904–1994)

 Walter F. Light (1923–1996)
 John S. MacDonald
 Gordon M. MacNabb
 James R. McFarlane
 G. Geoffrey Meyerhof
 William G. Morison
 Leopold M. Nadeau
 Barry G. Newman
 Peter Nikiforuk
 John L. Orr
 Alphonse Ouimet (1908–1988)
 Arthur Porter
 W. Howard Rapson
 Lucien Rolland
 Robert F. Shaw
 Leslie W. Shemilt
 Ernest Siddall
 Elvie L. Smith
 Harold A. Smith
 Donald R. Stanley
 John B. Stirling
 Douglas T. Wright

References
Ghiath Jeraatli. Ghiath Jeraatli (born 1950) has been a Syrian Minister of State since 2011.

Jeraatli was born in 1950. He earned a degree in architecture at the University of Aleppo in 1975. He worked in an enterprise investment in the Euphrates basin in 1975, and practiced engineering work in his own office since 1981. He is a member of the General Conference of the Syndicate of Engineers, a member of the Department of Architecture and a member of the Committee on Media and Publishing in the union branch in Aleppo. He holds the rank of engineer opinion by resolution 1997 of the Engineers Association.

See also
Cabinet of Syria

References

External links
Minister of State Ghiath Jeraatli, SANA
Biography of the new Syrian government 2011 - the names and lives of government ministers, Syria FM, 17 April 2011

1950 births
Living people
Ministers of state of Syria
University of Aleppo alumni
3D@Home Consortium. 3D@Home Consortium is a non-profit consortium focused on faster adoption of 3D systems at home through the development of technical roadmaps, consumer education, test and evaluation methodologies. The organization supports the development of industry standards being established by standards organizations.

The 3D@Home Consortium was founded in 2008 by 22 founding members, including digital media corporations like Disney, Philips, Samsung and Universal Studios. Today the alliance has over 50 member companies from more than 11 countries with representatives from the 3D eco-system spanning transmission, content creation, hardware and signaling companies. The organization's activities are carried out by five steering teams which cover the areas of content creation, distribution and transmission, education and communication, consumer products and a team dedicated to the effects of 3D TV on human physiology.

3D@Home is 3D technology-neutral among competing 3D technologies such as active-shutter, passive, color-coded or auto-stereo. According to the organization, over 1.4 million 3D TV capable TVs were sold the year the organization was founded, yet at the time, content for the home was limited. The organization has been quoted regarding the motivation of 3D content providers to bring 3D media into the home in order to offset the high cost of making 3D films.

3D@Home is managed by FlexTech Alliance, a not for profit organization promoting the development of a healthy display eco-system.

History
 2011 - The consortium signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the American Optometric Association (AOA) to share data and ensure eye health as it relates to 3D TV.
 2010 - 3D@Home created a steering team focused on the effects of 3D entertainment on human physiology. The consortium leverages established relationships with 3DFIC in Korea, the 3DConsortium of Japan, C3D of China, and 3DIDA of Taiwan to ensure that the human factors activity covers the globe.
 2010 – 3D@Home launched the consumer education site called 3D University, to help consumers learn more about 3D technology.
 2009 – The company produced three documents to be used by Consumer Electronics Association (CEA) working groups to develop industry standards for 3D HDTVs. The documents pertain to requirements for digital interfaces, the active shutter glasses database and the passive glasses database.
 2008 – The creation of the 3D@Home alliance was announced at the NAB Show, a popular digital media conference hosted by the National Association of Broadcasters.

References

External links
 3D@Home

Organizations established in 2008
The Avant. The Avant is a mixed use tower located in Buffalo, New York. The building spans an entire city block between Elmwood Ave and Delaware Ave at West Huron, and features class A office space, an Embassy Suites hotel, and the top three floors feature luxury residential condominiums.  Upon its completion in 2009, the building set a record for housing the most expensive group of condominiums ever built in the Buffalo metropolitan area. Furthermore, as a result of the eco-conscious trend in national development companies, the building's remodeling is recognized as the largest recycling project in Western New York history. The building features energy efficient windows as well as underground parking and a number of other luxury amenities.

History
Construction began on this building in 1969 and was completed in 1971. It was originally constructed as the Thaddeus J. Dulski Federal Building housing 50 federal agencies and workforce of nearly 1,200. The US General Services Administration, which owned and operated the building, determined in the mid-2000s that the property would be too expensive to renovate, and vacated it in 2005. Uniland and Acquest Development companies purchased the building in April 2007 for $6.1 million and began renovating it for $83 million into the current mixed-use property.

Gallery

See also
 Delaware North Building
 List of tallest buildings in Buffalo, New York

References

External links
 Official website
 Virtual tour of the building
 Skyscraperpage building page
 Sales Watch: Avant Residences Over 2/3 Sold

Skyscraper office buildings in Buffalo, New York
Skyscrapers in Buffalo, New York
Residential skyscrapers in New York (state)
Skyscraper hotels in New York (state)
Commercial buildings completed in 1973
1973 establishments in New York (state)
HostLink Protocol. HostLink is communication protocol for use with or between PLC's made by Omron. It is an ASCII-based protocol generally used for communication over RS-232 or RS-422. The protocol enables communication between various pieces of equipment in an industrial environment for programming or controlling those pieces of equipment.
The maximum allowed message size is 30 words per message. Larger messages can be sent by 'fragmentation' process, where the same slave returns a series of messages to build up the entire response. PLC host computers can transfer procedures, and monitor PLC data area, and control the PLC using the HostLink protocol.

External links
 Hostlink Command Format

References

Industrial computing
Serial buses
J.V. Martin K.III Kitten. The J.V. Martin K.III Kitten, also known as the J.V. Martin K.III Scout, was marketed as an "altitude fighter" for the U.S. Army. It is considered the first aircraft in the United States with retractable landing gear.

Design and development
James V. Martin was a consultant to the U.S. Air service, and an associate to General Billy Mitchell. He held patents on aerospace technologies including the retractable landing gear and once held the World's speed record of 70 mph in an airplane. The Kitten design was too late for the war effort, it could not go into production before the end of World War I.

The aircraft featured manual retractable landing gear. The wheels used flexible spokes for shock absorption. When viewed from the side, the wing supports formed a letter "K" shape. The fuselage was all wood with plywood and fabric covering. The aircraft featured air tanks, and electrical power for flightsuit heating.

Operational history
In 1918, the aircraft was delivered to McCook Field where it was considered structurally unsound. Martin appealed to Congress in 1920 to no avail. In 60 test flights at Dayton, Ohio, the high altitude aircraft could only reach 295 ft of altitude. The prototype K.III Kitten was donated to the National Air and Space Museum in 1924.

Variants
The J.V. Martin K.IV was a model III with a more powerful 60 hp Lawrance engine and floats. 3 were built and sold to the U.S. Navy.

Specifications

References

1910s United States fighter aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1919
IA Vostokredmet. The Industrial Association Eastern Combine for Rare Metals (IA Vostokredmet) is an industrial complex in the western part of the Fergana Valley, Tajikistan. It is the country's first raw materials base, incorporating seven mines and five plants.

Established as a large-scale uranium mining enterprise, its basis was the uranium deposits of Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan. Its predecessor prior to 1992 was the Leninabad Mining and Chemical Combine, which is located in Khodjent, Tajikistan. It includes processing plants and laboratories. It is notable in the field of underground and heap leaching of metals.

References

Mining in Tajikistan
MECHATROLINK. MECHATROLINK is an open protocol used for industrial automation, originally developed by Yaskawa and presently maintained by Mechatrolink Members Association (MMA).

Mechatrolink protocol has two major variants:
 MECHATROLINK-II—Defines protocol communication schemes through serial link equivalent to RS485 with a maximum speed of 10 Mbit/s and maximum 30 slave nodes.
 MECHATROLINK-III—Defines protocol communication schemes over Ethernet with a maximum speed of 100 Mbit/s and maximum 62 slave nodes.

References

External links
 Protocol Introduction and Supported Products

Industrial computing
Serial buses
Industrial Ethernet