omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Blue Sky Rangers. The Blue Sky Rangers is a group of Intellivision game programmers who previously worked for Mattel in the early 1980s.

When the Intellivision first came out in 1978, its games were all developed by an outside firm, APh Technological Consulting. Realizing that potential profits are much greater with first party software, Mattel formed its own in-house software development group. The original five members of that Intellivision team were manager Gabriel Baum, Don Daglow, Rick Levine, Mike Minkoff and John Sohl. Levine and Minkoff (a long-time Mattel Toys veteran) both came over from the hand-held Mattel games engineering team.  To keep these and later programmers (the Mattel team peaked at 110 people in 1983) from being hired away by rival Atari, their identity and work location was kept a closely guarded secret.

In 1982, TV Guide published an article about Intellivision's secret programming team. The writer of the article wanted to come up with some group name other than "The Application Software Programmers," so he came up with the name "The Blue Sky Rangers." This was based on the programming group's "Blue Sky Meetings," which were a series of brainstorming sessions for new game ideas.

This name stuck and the programmers were (and still are) collectively referred to as the Blue Sky Rangers. One of the early programmers, Keith Robinson, re-acquired the rights to Intellivision in recent years and the Blue Sky Rangers' games are now available on a variety of computers and video game platforms, as well as mobile phones. These copyrights are currently held by Atari SA, who acquired the Intellivision brand name and related assets from the former Intellivision Entertainment in 2024. Astrosmash and Shark! Shark!, two prominent Intellivision titles, were not included in the sale, as the two properties were already sold to BBG Entertainment GmbH in the preceding year.

Members
 Don Daglow
 Eddie Dombrower
 Connie Goldman
 Rick Koenig
 Dave Warhol

See also 
 M Network

References

External links 
 Intellivision Lives! website
 Article at The Dot Eaters about The Blue Sky Rangers and the Intellivision

Video game development companies
Video game programmers
Intellivision
Yakovlev UT-1. The Yakovlev UT-1 () was a single-seater trainer aircraft used by the Soviet Air Force from 1937 until the late 1940s.

Development
The Yakovlev UT-1 was designed as a single-seater advanced trainer and aerobatic airplane by the team led by Alexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev. The first prototype, designated the AIR-14, was flown in early 1936.  The AIR-14 was a small low-winged monoplane with a fixed tailwheel undercarriage, with a welded steel fuselage and wooden wings.

After some changes, the AIR-14 was accepted for production. Among other improvements, the 75 kW (100 hp) Shvetsov M-11 radial was changed to the more powerful 86 kW (115 hp) M-11G. The plane received the designation UT-1 (uchebno-trenirovochnyi {учебно-тренировочный}, primary/advanced trainer); despite this designation, it was not suitable for primary training.

The UT-1 was used as a transitional type between the UT-2 and fighters like the I-16. It was not easy to fly, requiring precise piloting, thus forming an ideal intermediate between basic trainers and the maneuverable but difficult-to-fly I-16. In 1939 the plane was modified by moving the engine 26 cm (10 in) forward, which improved its handling. During production, the 112 kW (150 hp) M-11E engine was also used. Soviet pilots broke several records with the UT-1 before World War II, some with its floatplane variant. In total, 1,241 aircraft were built between December 1936 and 1940.

During World War II, from 1941, the UT-1 was also used for reconnaissance. Some were used as improvised combat machines, after fitting with underwing machine guns or even two unguided rockets. In February 1942, about 50 UT-1 were converted in workshops as improvised UT-1B (УТ-1б) ground-attack planes, fitted with two machine guns and two-four rockets. They were next used in Black Sea Fleet aviation in Sevastopol and Caucasus. The survivors were disarmed in December 1942.

Variants
There were a large number of variants, the most numerous or noteworthy were:

 AIR-14 - Prototype of UT-1
 AIR-18 - UT-1 with a 104 kW (140 hp) Renault Bengali 4 inline engine  and closed canopy, retractable undercarriage.
 AIR-21 (Ya-21, UT-21) - UT-1 with 164 kW (220 hp) Renault Bengali 6 engine, tested in 1938-39, fixed undercarriage.
 UT-1B - Wartime attack version with two ShKAS machine guns and two or four RS-82 rockets.
 UT-1E - (UT-1(15) For tests at TsAGI (sometimes confused with AIR-15, which was not a variant of UT-1).
 UT-1 Floatplane - with M-11Ye engine which later became standard in the majority of UT-1's.

Operators

Soviet Air Force
Soviet Naval Aviation

Chinese Nationalist Air Force

Specifications (UT-1 with M-11Ye)

See also

Notes

References

 
 

1930s Soviet sport aircraft
1930s Soviet military trainer aircraft
UT-1
Aerobatic aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1936
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
William Hallowes Miller. Prof William Hallowes Miller FRS HFRSE LLD DCL (6 April 180120 May 1880) was a Welsh mineralogist and laid the foundations of modern crystallography.

Miller indices are named after him, the method having been described in his Treatise on Crystallography (1839).  The mineral known as millerite is named after him.

Life and work 

Miller was born in 1801 at Velindre near Llandovery, Carmarthenshire, South Wales.  He was educated at St John's College, Cambridge, where he graduated in 1826 as fifth wrangler.  He became a Fellow there in 1829. For a few years Miller was occupied as a college tutor and during this time he published treatises on hydrostatics and hydrodynamics.

Miller also gave special attention to crystallography, and at 31 years old, on the resignation of William Whewell he succeeded in 1832 to the professorship of mineralogy, a post he held until 1870. Miller's chief work, on Crystallography, was published in 1839. He was elected to the Royal Society in 1838 and received the Royal Medal in 1870, and in the same year was appointed on the International Commission du Metre. He was elected an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1874.

Miller was the main thrust in reforming the Parliamentary standards of length and weight, after a fire which in 1834 destroyed the old standards. He was a member of the committee as well as on the Royal Commission which oversaw these new standards.

Miller died in 1880 in Cambridge, England.

Family

In 1844 he married Harriet Susan Minty.

Selected writings

William Hallowes Miller (1831)  The Elements of Hydrostatics and Hydrodynamics
William Hallowes Miller (1833) An Elementary Treatise on the Differential Calculus
William Hallowes Miller (1839)  A Treatise on Crystallography
William Phillips, William Hallowes Miller, & Henry James Brooke (1852) An Elementary Introduction to Mineralogy
William Hallowes Miller (1863) A Tract on Crystallography

In 1852 Miller edited a new edition of H. J. Brooke's Elementary Introduction to Mineralogy.

References

1801 births
1880 deaths
Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge
Welsh mineralogists
People from Carmarthenshire
Royal Medal winners
British crystallographers
Fellows of the Royal Society
Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
Fellows of St John's College, Cambridge
Professors of Mineralogy (Cambridge)
Presidents of the Cambridge Philosophical Society
VEB Polytechnik. VEB Polytechnik was a company from the German Democratic Republic (GDR) located in Chemnitz (then called Karl-Marx-Stadt). In the GDR, it was mainly known for producing overhead projectors, called Polylux.

The company was founded in 1870 as Reißzeugrichter and manufactured drawing table tools. In 1874 the founder Emil Oskar Richter invented the bow compass. After switching its focus to overhead projectors in the late 1960s, it was renamed to VEB Polytechnik. After the collapse of the GDR, the remains of VEB Polytechnik were rescued in a new company called Polytechnik Frankenberg GmbH. It produced overhead projectors and hand lever cutting machines. The new company was closed in 2006.

In 1983, the company started manufacturing a microcomputer teaching kit called "Poly-Computer 880". VEB Polytechnik is also known for creating Poly Play, the only arcade video game to be made in the German Democratic Republic.

External links
 VEB Polytechnik at robotrontechnik.de 

Companies established in 1870
Electronics companies of Germany
Defunct video game companies of Germany
Volkseigene Betriebe
SURAnet. SURAnet was a pioneer in scientific computer networks and one of the regional backbone computer networks that made up the National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET). Many later Internet communications standards and protocols were developed by SURAnet.

How SURAnet started
The Southeastern Universities Research Association was created in December 1980 by scientists and university administrators throughout the southeastern United States, primarily led by the University of Virginia, the College of William & Mary, and the University of Maryland, College Park. The chief goal of SURA was the development of a particle accelerator for research in nuclear physics; this facility is now known as the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. By the mid-1980s it was clear that access to high-capacity computer resources would be needed to facilitate collaboration among the SURA member institutions. A high-performance network to provide this access was essential, but no single institution could afford to develop such a system. SURA itself stepped up to the challenge and, with support from the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) and SURA universities, SURAnet was up and running in 1987, and was part of the first phase of National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET) funding as the agency built a network to facilitate scientific collaboration. SURAnet was one of the first and one of the largest Internet providers in the United States. SURA sites first used a 56 kbit/s backbone in 1987 which was upgraded to 1.5M bit/s (DS1) in 1989, and to a 45 Mbit/s (DS3) backbone in 1991. FIX East and MAE-East, both major peering points, were located at the main SURA facilities. Large-scale collaboration among SURA-affiliated scientists became an everyday reality.

Role of SURAnet in the development of the Internet
SURAnet participated in the development of Internet communications standards and telecommunications protocols that enabled researchers and federal agencies to communicate and work in this early Internet environment. SURAnet was one of the first NSFNET regional networks to become operational. SURAnet provided networking services for universities and industry, and was one of the first TCP/IP networks to sell commercial connections, when IBM Research in Raleigh-Durham, North Carolina was connected in 1987–1988. It was also the first network to attempt to convert to OSPF in 1990.

Beyond SURAnet
SURAnet was so successful that it outgrew SURA's primary mission, and the SURA Board approved its sale to Bolt, Beranek and Newman in 1995. 
Many of the protocols and procedures created under SURAnet are still in use in the commercial Internet today. SURA continues to be a force in the information technology community, participating in projects such as the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), Earthcube, and AtlanticWave.

References

Computer networking
Francesco Mondada. Francesco Mondada (born 17 March 1967) is a Swiss professor in artificial intelligence and robotics. He got a Master's degree in Microengineering at the EPFL in 1991 and a PhD degree in 1997. He is one of the creators of the Khepera and directed the design of the S-bot, the e-puck, the marXbot and the Thymio mobile robots. Together, these robots are mentioned in more than 9000 research articles. In particular the Khepera robot is a milestone in the field of bio-inspired and evolutionary robotics.

He was one of the founders and director of K-team SA from its creation 1995 to 2000, and one of the founders of Calerga Sarl in 2001 and Mobsya in 2010.

His recent work concerns collective robotics and education.

Awards and honours 
 University Latsis
 Credit Suisse Award for Best Teaching.
 2012 Polysphère, award for the best professor from the School of Engineering at EPFL given by the students.
 Member of the Swiss Academy of Technical Sciences (SATW)
 Several best poster/paper/demo awards, for instance the Best Paper Award Design at the HRI 2017 conference.

Selected publications

 F. Mondada, M. Bonani, F. Riedo, M. Briod, L. Pereyre, P. Retornaz, S. Magnenat. Bringing Robotics to Formal Education: The Thymio Open-Source Hardware Robot. IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 77–85, March 2017. 
 J. Halloy, G. Sempo, G. Caprari, C. Rivault, M. Asadpour, F. Tache, I. Said, V. Durier, S. Canonge, J. Ame, C. Detrain, N. Correll, A. Martinoli, F. Mondada, R. Siegwart, and J.-L. Deneubourg. Social Integration of Robots into Groups of Cockroaches to Control Self-Organized Choices. Science, 318(5853):1155-1158, 2007. 

 F. Mondada, G. C. Pettinaro, A. Guignard, I. Kwee, D. Floreano, J.-L. Deneubourg, S. Nolfi, L. Gambardella, and M. Dorigo. SWARM-BOT: a New Distributed Robotic Concept. Autonomous Robots, special Issue on Swarm Robotics, 17(2-3):193-221, 2004. September - November 2004 Sponsor: swarm-bots, OFES 01-0012-1. 
 D. Floreano and F. Mondada. Evolution of Homing Navigation in a Real Mobile Robot. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics Part B : Cybernetics, 26(3):396-407, 1996. 
 F. Mondada, E. Franzi, P. Ienne, T. Yoshikawa, and F. Miyazaki. Mobile Robot Miniaturization: A Tool for Investigation in Control Algorithms. In Experimental Robotics III, volume 200 of Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences, pages 501-13. Springer, London, 1994.

References

External links
 Professional homepage with a list of publications (Google scholar)
 Mobots group homepage of the research group of F. Mondada
 Personal homepage

1967 births
Living people
Swiss roboticists
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne alumni
Academic staff of the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
Khepera mobile robot. The Khepera is a small (5.5 cm) differential wheeled mobile robot that was developed at the LAMI laboratory of Professor Jean-Daniel Nicoud at EPFL (Lausanne, Switzerland) in the mid 1990s. It was developed by Edo. Franzi, Francesco Mondada, André Guignard and others.

Small,  fast, and architectured around a Motorola 68331, it has served researchers for 10 years, widely used by over 500 universities worldwide.

Scientific impact 
The Khepera was sold to a thousand research labs and featured on the cover of the 31 August 2000 issue of Nature. It appeared again in a 2003 article.

The Khepera helped in the emergence of evolutionary robotics.

Technical details

Original version 
 Diameter: 55 mm
 Height: 30 mm
 Empty weight: 80 g
 Speed: 0.02 to 1.0 m/s
 Autonomy: 45 minutes moving
 Motorola 68331 CPU @ 16 MHz
 256 KB RAM
 512 KB EEPROM
 Running μKOS RTOS
 2 DC brushed servo motors with incremental encoders
 8 infrared proximity and ambient light sensors (SFH900)

2.0 Version 
 Motorola 68331 CPU @ 25 MHz
 512 KB RAM
 512 KB Flash
 Improved batteries and sensors

3.0 Version 
 800 MHz ARM Cortex-A8 Processor
 Weight: 540g
 256 MB RAM
 512 MB plus additional 8GB for data
 Battery: 7.4V Lithium Polymer, 3400mAh

Extensions 
Several extension turrets exist for the Khepera, including:
 Gripper
 1D or 2D camera, wire or wireless
 Radio emitter/receiver, low and high speed
 I/0

See also 
Webots – software that simulates and allows cross-compilation and remote control of the Khepera and other robots

References 

Notes
 Mondada, F., Franzi, E., Guignard, A. (1999), The Development of Khepera. In proceedings of First International Khepera Workshop, Paderborn, 10–11 December 1999. PDF BibTex  EPFL Infoscience entry

External links

 Homepage – K-Team, the company which sells the Khepera robots

Prototype robots
Differential wheeled robots
Robots of Switzerland
Micro robots
Educational robots
1991 robots
Gabriel Auguste Daubrée. Gabriel Auguste Daubrée MIF FRS FRSE (25 June 181429 May 1896) was a French geologist, best known for applying experimental methods to structural geology. He served as the director of the École des Mines as well as the president of the French Academy of Sciences.

Life
Daubrée was born at Metz, and educated at the École Polytechnique in Paris.

At the age of twenty he had qualified as a mining engineer, and in 1838 he was appointed to take charge of the mines in the Bas-Rhin (Alsace), and subsequently to be professor of mineralogy and geology at the Faculty of Sciences, Strasbourg. In 1859 he became engineer in chief of mines, and in 1861, upon the death of Louis Cordier, he was appointed professor of geology at the Museum d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris and was also elected member of the French Academy of Sciences. In the following year he became professor of mineralogy at the École des Mines, and in 1872 director of that school. In 1878 Daubrée was elected vice-president and in 1879 president of the French Academy of Sciences. In 1880 the Geological Society of London awarded to him the Wollaston medal. In 1881 he was promoted to Grand Officer of the French Legion of Honour.

His published research dates from 1841, when the origin of certain tin minerals attracted his attention; he subsequently discussed the formation of bog-iron ore, and worked out in detail the geology of the Bas-Rhin (1852). From 1857 to 1861, while engaged in engineering works connected with the springs of Plombieres, he made a series of observations on thermal waters and their influence on the Roman masonry through which they made their exit. He was, however, especially distinguished for his long-continued and often dangerous experiments on the artificial production of minerals and rocks. He likewise discussed the permeability of rocks by water, and the effects of such infiltration in producing volcanic phenomena; he dealt with the subject of metamorphism, with the deformations of the Earth's crust, with earthquakes, and with the composition and classification of meteorites.

He was elected an international Member of the American Philosophical Society in 1863, a Fellow of the Royal Society of London in 1881, a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1892, and an Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1895.

He died in Paris on 29 May 1896.

Legacy

A sulfide mineral found in meteorites (Daubréelite), a bismuth oxide (Daubréeite) and a crater on the Moon (Daubrée crater) were named after him.

References

External links

1814 births
1896 deaths
French geologists
École Polytechnique alumni
Wollaston Medal winners
Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
Foreign members of the Royal Society
Members of the French Academy of Sciences
Jack Elton Bresenham. Jack Elton Bresenham (born October 11, 1937, Clovis, New Mexico, US) is a former professor of computer science.

Biography
Bresenham retired from 27 years of service at IBM as a Senior Technical Staff Member in 1987. He taught for 16 years at Winthrop University and has nine patents. He has four children.

Bresenham's line algorithm, developed in 1962, is his most well-known innovation. It determines which points on a 2-dimensional raster should be plotted in order to form a straight line between two given points, and is commonly used to draw lines on a computer screen.  It is one of the earliest algorithms discovered in the field of computer graphics.  The midpoint circle algorithm shares some similarities to his line algorithm and is known as Bresenham's circle algorithm.

 Ph.D., Stanford University, 1964
 MSIE, Stanford University, 1960
 BSEE, University of New Mexico, 1959

See also
 List of computer scientists
 Bresenham's line algorithm

References

External links
 DADS entry on Bresenham's algorithm

1937 births
Living people
American computer scientists
IBM employees
Stanford University alumni
University of New Mexico alumni
People from Clovis, New Mexico
Pipelining. Pipelining may refer to:

 Pipeline (computing), aka a data pipeline, a set of data processing elements connected in series
 Protocol pipelining, a technique in which multiple requests are written out to a single socket without waiting for the corresponding responses
 HTTP pipelining, a technique in which multiple HTTP requests are sent on a single TCP connection
 Instruction pipelining, a technique for implementing instruction-level parallelism within a single processor
 Pipelining (DSP implementation), a transformation for optimizing digital circuit
 Pipeline transport, long-distance transportation of a liquid or gas through a system of pipes

See also 
 Pipeline (disambiguation)
B6. B6 often refers to:

 Vitamin B6

B6 may also refer to:

Transportation

Automobiles
 A generation of Audi A4, manufactured from 2001 to 2005
 A fully armoured version of the Bentley Arnage Series Two RL
 A member of the Mazda B engine series

Aircraft
Blackburn B.6 Shark, a British 1930s torpedo bomber
Keystone B-6, a United States Army Air Corps bomber
Lohner B.VI, an Austro-Hungarian World War 1 reconnaissance biplane
Nakajima B-6, Nakajima designation for Bréguet 14 built under licence in Japan 
Republic B 6, Swedish designation for Republic 2PA fighter

Other vehicles
 B6 (New York City bus), serving Brooklyn
 Bavarian B VI, an 1863 German steam locomotive model
 , a submarine of the Royal Navy
 , a submarine of Norway
 LNER Class B6, a class of British steam locomotives

Roads
 B6 road (Cyprus), a road on the island of Cyprus
 B6 (Zimbabwe), a road in Zimbabwe
 Bundesstraße 6, a national highway in Germany

Life sciences
 Vitamin B6, a water-soluble compound pyridoxine which takes several forms
 ATC code B06 Other hematological agents, a subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System
 C57BL/6, an inbred mouse strain

Other uses
 B6 (musician), a Chinese DJ and music producer
 JetBlue Airways (IATA code B6)
 Bensen B-6, a small rotor kite from 1953
 Pilcrow (¶) character, Url encoded version %B6
 Proanthocyanidin B6, a B type proanthocyanidin
 An international standard paper size (125×176 mm), defined in ISO 216
 6 amp, type B – a standard circuit breaker current rating, commonly used to protect domestic lighting rings
 B6, Villa Park, referring to UK post code for Aston, Birmingham

See also
 6B (disambiguation)
 B60 (disambiguation)
 BVI (disambiguation)
Beecraft. Bee Aviation Associates, Inc. (Beecraft) built three prototype aircraft designed by William F. "Bill" Chana at Montgomery Field in San Diego, California. None of the aircraft went into production.

History
The first aircraft built was the Wee Bee in 1948. The Wee Bee is listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as the world's lightest aircraft, weighing  when empty. It had a two-cylinder engine and tricycle landing gear. The pilot flew in a prone position, lying atop the fuselage. The Honey Bee was the second plane, completed in 1952. It had a single seat in an enclosed cabin. The Queen Bee was the last and the largest of the three. It was completed in 1960 and seated four. The Queen Bee and the Honey Bee had V-tails.

Defunct
The Queen Bee and the Wee Bee were destroyed in a fire that destroyed the San Diego Aerospace Museum on February 22, 1978. The Honey Bee escaped the fire as it operated out of Montgomery Field at the time, owned by Walt Mooney. In 2004, the Experimental Aircraft Association donated the Honey Bee to the San Diego Air & Space Museum, which is currently () awaiting restoration at their Gillespie Field annex. According to Aerofiles, two Honey Bees were built based on advertised plans. Because of its historic significance, a second Wee Bee was constructed and is now on display at the new San Diego Air & Space Museum.

References

External links
 Picture of the Honey Bee
 San Diego Aerospace Museum Gillespie Field Annex
 Smallest Plane in the World (with pictures or the Wee Bee)
 Beecraft listed at Aerofiles

Companies based in San Diego
Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United States