omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Okukubi Dam. The  is a trapezoidal cemented, sand and gravel (CSG) dam on the Okukubi River in Kin, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. Construction began in 2009 and its reservoir was filled by 31 March 2013. It is the first trapezoidal CSG-type to be constructed as a main dam in the world. Its purpose is to provide flood control and water for municipal use along with the irrigation of  of land.

Background

Construction on the dam had originally begun in 1978. At that time, it was designed as a concrete gravity dam. Construction was halted soon after it began though. The dam was redesigned over the next few decades and after the new project was approved, preliminary construction for the dam began in late 2003. Principal construction began on March 24, 2009 and there was a groundbreaking ceremony on June 5, 2009. To divert the river, a cofferdam did not need to be constructed. The existing Kinmu Dam  upstream was modified to divert the river on the left bank of the river. In May 2010, the river was diverted and by August of the same year, over  of rock and stone had been excavated from the site. On February 26, 2011, a ceremony was held to bury the cornerstone of the dam prior to beginning the fill of the dam's body. It was attended by Japanese and U.S. officials (due to the dam's location within the U.S. Marine Central Training Area). It will cost ¥3 billion (US$38.2 million) and it was completed in March 2013.

Design

The dam is a  and  long trapezoidal CSG-type with a structural volume of . The cemented, sand and gravel (CSG) design is a mixture of a concrete gravity dam and an embankment dam. Essentially, it is a sand and gravel embankment coated in concrete. This design is cheaper because it uses less fill and concrete when compared to a gravity or embankment dam. Its wide base provides the required strength while the concrete coating seals the embankment and adds to its durability. The dam's crest lies at an elevation of  and sits at the head of a  catchment. The dam's main spillway is a labyrinth weir-type over its main crest. It has a design discharge capacity of . The dam is equipped with an emergency spillway as well, which will have a capacity of . It impounds a reservoir with a capacity of , of which  is active (or "useful") capacity. The reservoir's surface area is .

References

External links

Official website  (Japanese)

Dams in Okinawa Prefecture
Dams completed in 2013
2013 establishments in Japan
Lotte Chemical Titan. Lotte Chemical Titan Holding Sdn Bhd engages in the ownership and operation of polypropylene plants, polyethylene plants, ethylene crackers, and aromatic plants. It offers high-density polyethylene (HDPE), Low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) for various kinds of applications, room household goods to automotives products. The company also manufactures low-density polyethylene for injection molding for cosmetic containers, bottle closures, and food containers, and is based in Pasir Gudang, Malaysia.

History
Titan Chemicals began as a joint-venture in which Datuk Chao Ting Tsung, through The Chao Group International and Permodalan Nasional Berhad (PNB), through its wholly owned subsidiary, PNB Equity Resources Corporation (PERC), have major interest.

Titan Chemicals commenced construction of its first facility in Malaysia, a RM300 million polypropylene plants, in 1989. At present, Titan Chemicals own 10 integrated process facilities in Pasir Gudang and Tanjung Langsat in the southern state of Johor which has a total nameplate production capacity of over 2.4 million tonnes annually of olefins, polyolefins and other associated products.

The company was formerly known as Titan PP Polymers (M) Sdn Bhd and changed its name to Titan Petchem (M) Sdn. Bhd. in December 2004.

Titan Chemicals Corp. Sdn. Bhd. was listed on the Main Board of Bursa Malaysia as TITAN 5103 in 2005. Its stock is included in the KL Composite Index.

In March 2006, Titan Chemicals acquired PT. TITAN Petrokimia Nusantara, Indonesia’s first and largest Polyethylene plant in the country. Situated in Merak, Indonesia, PT. TITAN adds 3 Polyethylene plants to Titan Chemicals' portfolio.

In November 2010, Titan Chemicals was acquired by Honam Petrochemical Corp.

Production facilities

Acquired by Honam Petrochemical Corp
South Korea’s Honam Petrochemical Corp has received full acceptance to take Titan Chemicals Corp private, by acquiring the remaining 27.25% shares it does not own at RM2.35 apiece. Titan shares, for which acceptance had been received by Honam after the posting date and up to 5 pm closing date on 24 December 2010, were listed as 27.25%, representing 470.89 million shares, according to Titan in a filing. On 1 November 2010, Titan received a notice of unconditional takeover offer from Honam to acquire all remaining shares (excluding treasury shares) following Honam's sale and purchase agreement in July to buy a 72.32% stake, or 1.25 billion shares, in Titan Chemicals for RM2.94 billion.

References

External links

 
 Company Overview of Lotte Chemical Titan Holding Sdn. Bhd., bloomberg.com

1989 establishments in Malaysia
Chemical companies of Malaysia
Privately held companies of Malaysia
Chemical companies established in 1989
Malaysian subsidiaries of foreign companies
Malaysian companies established in 1989
Beijing Information Science and Technology University. Beijing Information Science and Technology University (BISTU) is a school of higher education and a merger in founding process of Beijing Institute of Machinery and Beijing Information Technology Institute. The university takes engineering as its main faculty combined with management, liberal and science programs. It is a member of the Plan 111.

Schools and departments
School of Information and Communication Engineering
School of Computer Science and Technology
School of Mechanical and  Electronic Engineering
School of Instrument Science and Optic Engineering
School of Automation Engineering
School of Human and Social Science
School of Politic Philosophy and Education
School of Economics Management
School of Information Administration
School of Foreign Languages
School of Sciences
Graduate School

References

External links
 English Homepage
 Chinese Homepage

Universities and colleges in Beijing
Universities and colleges established in 1937
Plan 111
1937 establishments in China
1937 in Beijing
Apache MINA. Apache MINA (Multipurpose Infrastructure for Network Applications) is an open source Java network application framework. MINA can be used to create scalable, high performance network applications. MINA provides unified APIs for various transports like TCP, UDP, serial communication. It also makes it easy to make an implementation of custom transport type. MINA provides both high-level and low-level network APIs.

A user application interacts with MINA APIs, shielding the user application from low level I/O details. MINA internally uses I/O APIs to perform the actual I/O functions. This makes it easy for the users to concentrate on the application logic and leave the I/O handling to Apache MINA.

Advantages
Unified APIs for various transports (TCP/UDP etc.)
Provides high/low level APIs
Customizable Thread Model
Easy Unit Testing using Mock Objects
Integration with DI frameworks like Spring, Google Guice, picocontainer
JMX Manageability

Tooling
Graphical tools such as Eclipse IDE, IntelliJ IDEA can be used.

Alternatives
Grizzly
Netty 4
QuickServer
xSocket

See also

Application server
Apache Camel
Enterprise messaging system
Message-oriented middleware
Service-oriented architecture
Event-driven SOA

References

External links

MINA
Java platform
Message-oriented middleware
Air Energy AE-1 Silent. The Air Energy AE-1 Silent is a German self-launching ultralight sailplane powered by an electric motor. Designed and built by Air Energy, the AE-1 Silent is also marketed by Alisport of Italy, see Alisport Silent 2 Targa. It first flew in August 1997.

Design and development
The Silent is a conventional composite monoplane glider with a retractable 13 kW (17 hp) electric motor driving a 1.92m propeller.

The aircraft was originally marketed with a nickel–cadmium battery pack, but in 2005 this was replaced with a lithium polymer battery system that gives three times the range of the early installation.

Specifications

References

External links

 AE1-1 Silent

Glider aircraft
1990s German sailplanes
Motor gliders
Mid-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
T-tail aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1997
SOL: Exodus. SOL: Exodus is the first episode in a series of space combat simulator games by Bit Plantes Games (formerly Seamless Entertainment), an independent game developer located in Austin, Texas, released on January 25, 2012. Two episodes, The Battle of Sol and The Fleets of Sol were released in 2015.

Gameplay
The game is set in the Solar System, and features both dogfighting and battles with capital ships.  The game is described by the designers as being in the spirit of older space combat simulators such as Wing Commander, FreeSpace, Descent and Star Wars: X-Wing.

Reception

Aggregate review site Metacritic scores SOL: Exodus 57/100, indicating "mixed or average reviews".

References

External links
 
 Seamless Entertainment official site

2012 video games
Science fiction video games
Space combat simulators
Video games developed in the United States
Windows games
Windows-only games
Headup Games games
Single-player video games
European Transactions on Telecommunications. European Transactions on Telecommunications is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of information technology and telecommunications.

Abstracting and indexing 
The journal is abstracted and indexed in the following databases:

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2010 impact factor of 0.448, ranking it 55th out of 78 journals in the category "Telecommunications".

References

External links 
 

Electrical and electronic engineering journals
Academic journals established in 1990
Wiley-Blackwell academic journals
English-language journals
Cyclopropyl group. A cyclopropyl group is a chemical structure derived from cyclopropane; it is typically produced in a cyclopropanation reaction. The group has an empirical formula of C3H5 and chemical bonds from each of the three carbons to both of the other two.

Structure and bonding 
Due to the unfavoured bond angles (60°), cyclopropyl groups are highly strained. Two orbital models were proposed to describe the bonding situation. The Coulson-Moffit model uses bent bonds. The C-C bonds are formed by overlap of two sp-hybrid orbitals. To adapt to the small bond angle, there is some rehybridization resulting in sp~5-hybrids for the ring bonds and sp~2 for the C-H bonds. This model resembles the banana bond model for C=C double bonds (τ bonds).

Alternatively the structure can be explained with the Walsh model. Here the two sp-hybrids forming the ring bond are separated into one sp2-hybrid and one pure p-orbital. This corresponds to the π bond description of C=C double bonds.

Cyclopropyl groups are good donors in hyperconjugation resulting in a considerable stabilization of carbocations. In contrast to double bonds, stabilization of radicals is weaker and stabilization of carbanions is negligible. This is explained by the occupation of the π system with two more electrons, making the cyclopropyl methyl cation's HOMO isolobal to the allyl anion's HOMO.

References 

Functional groups
Schleicher ASK 14. The Schleicher ASK 14 is a West German low-wing, single-seat motor glider that was designed by Rudolf Kaiser and produced by Alexander Schleicher GmbH & Co.

The aircraft is often referred to as the Schleicher AS-K 14 or the Schleicher ASK-14, the AS for Alexander Schleicher and the K for Kaiser. The US Federal Aviation Administration designates the aircraft as the Schleicher ASK-14, while Transport Canada  and the United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority call it the Schleicher ASK 14.

Design and development
The ASK 14 was developed as a low-wing motorized version of the Schleicher Ka 6E. The powerplant is a  Hirth F10 K19 four-cylinder, two-stroke engine, made by Hirth and driving a fully feathering propeller.

The aircraft is built from wood and covered with doped aircraft fabric covering. The  span wing employs a NACA 63-618 airfoil at the wing root transitioning to a NACA 63-615 section at the wing tip and features spoilers. The monowheel landing gear is retractable. The cockpit is covered by a bubble canopy that gives all-around visibility.

Due to its Ka 6E heritage the handling of the ASK 14 was described by Soaring Magazine in 1983 as "superb".

The ASK 14 was never type certified and aircraft registered in the United States were in the Experimental - Racing/Exhibition  category. ASK 14s in Canada are in the category CAR Standard 507.03(5)(a) Aircraft Held a Flight Permit - Private Aircraft prior 01/89. Those in the UK have an EASA Certificate of Airworthiness.

Operational history
ASK 14s finished second, third and fourth in the single-place class at the first international motorglider competition, that was held at Burg Feuerstein, West Germany in 1970.

In 1971 former Soaring Magazine editor Bennett Rogers set the first United States motorgliding record in an ASK 14, flying  out-and-return from Rosamond, California, US.

In July 2011 there were still eight ASK 14s registered with the FAA in the US, two with the UK Civil Aviation Authority and one registered with Transport Canada.

Specifications (ASK 14)

See also

References

External links

1960s German sailplanes
Schleicher aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Motor gliders
Aircraft first flown in 1967
Single-engined piston aircraft
NZR D class (1929). The NZR D class of 1929 comprised one 0-4-0 tank locomotive that was built for the New Zealand Railways Department by the Clayton Wagons Ltd in Lincoln, England.

History 
Originally, D 1 was purchased for railcar type service but it was not successful. It had a White-Forster type boiler designed for a working pressure of , had four vertical cylinders housed in the rear of the cab and was high geared. At a normal engine speed of 400 rpm, the unit was calculated to develop . The engine drove a central transverse jackshaft through reduction gearing, the drive from the jackshaft being transmitted to the wheels through conventional side rods.

Working Life 
On arrival in New Zealand, D 1 was found to be more than 25 percent heavier than the specified maximum of  and after trials in Wellington was allocated for use as a shunting engine at the Ōtāhuhu workshops. However it never proved satisfactory and was written off in 1936 and scrapped and  D 1 did not survive to be preserved.

Notes and references

Notes

References 

 
 
 

D
Scrapped locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1929
3 ft 6 in gauge locomotives of New Zealand
Wassermann radar. The Wasserman radar was an early-warning radar built by Germany during World War II. The radar was a development of FuMG 80 Freya and was operated during World War II for long range detection. It was developed under the direction of Theodor Schultes, beginning in 1942. Wasserman was based on largely unchanged Freya electronics, but used an entirely new antenna array in order to improve range, height-finding and bearing precision.

Development 

Seven different versions were developed. The two most important versions are:
 The radio measurement equipment FuMG.41 Wassermann L (German: Leicht = light) was a constellation of four Freya antennas on top of each other, mounted on a  rotatable steel lattice mast.
 A later version was the FuMG.42 Wassermann S (German: Schwer = heavy). For this eight Freya antenna arrays were mounted on a  pipe mast in two columns, each four antennae high.

The combination of the antennae in this way resulted in a concentration of the radiated energy to a smaller beam, thus resulting in a higher radiated power in the main direction (Effective Radiated Power = ERP) without increasing the transmitter power. The result was a longer range. With the L-version the horizontal opening angle of the antenna array remained the same, but the vertical opening angle was reduced (so flatter radiation pattern). Because the horizontal opening angle was not changed, the bearing measuring performance was not changed. With the S-version also the horizontal opening angle was reduced, resulting in a better bearing resolution.

Technical Info 

 Search bearing: mechanical rotation of 360°
 Range: depending on target altitude and station altitude, e.g.:
Target altitude Range
50 m    35 km
6,000 m   190 km
 Range accuracy: +/−300 m
 Detection accuracy:
• Bearing: +/−°
• Altitude: +/−° (in the range of 3–18°)
• Altitude detection possible
 Detection possibly up to 12,000 m
 Mass: 30–60 t
 Seize: Height of mast: 37–57 m
 Width 6–12, 40 m
 Jamming resisted due to three different frequency ranges:
• 1.9–2.5 m
• 1.2–1.9 m
• 2.4–4.0 m
 Detection of Friend or Foe in cooperation with the FuG.25a Erstling equipment.

References

Bibliography

World War II German radars
Air defence radar networks
Early warning systems
Military equipment introduced from 1940 to 1944
Rice pounder. A rice pounder is an agricultural tool, a simple machine that is commonly used in Southeast Asia to dehull rice or to turn rice into rice flour. The device has similar functionality to a mortar and pestle, but with more mechanical advantage to conserve labor. Rice is dehulled by continually raising and then dropping the heavy head or pestle of the pounder into a block or mortar.

Some rice pounders are foot-operated; the head is raised by standing on the handle of the device past its fulcrum (similar to a see-saw). Once raised, the user quickly steps off of the handle, allowing the heavy head to fall into the mortar and pulverize its contents. In Bengal (West Bengal, India and Bangladesh), this is called Dhenki, and is still used traditionally in the villages for personal use. This is because it preserves the brown rice coating that is perceived as a healthy part. However, because it is so labor-intensive, its use is gradually decreasing.

Recently, complex mechanical dehuskers or rice hullers powered by gas engines or electricity have replaced many rice pounders.

See also
 Makitra
 Metate
 Millstone
 Muddler
 Mochi, the rice cake made by pounding glutinous rice with mallets 
 Molcajete
 Oralu kallu
 Rice hulls
 Winnowing barn

References

External links
Water Powered Rice Mill
Rice Pounder Video

Food grinding tools
Food preparation appliances
Rice production
ITO Joint Venture. ITO Joint Venture, or abbreviated "ITO JV" or "ITO", is a joint venture formed by Italian-Thai Development PCL, Takenaka Corporation, and Obayashi Corporation, all leading companies in Thailand and the Japanese building industry. ITO JV as a team was responsible for construction of Suvarnabhumi Airport (BKK), one of the world's largest airports and Thailand's largest airport construction project.

See also 
Suvarnabhumi Airport

External links 
Italian-Thai PCL
Takenaka Corporation
Obayashi Corporation

Construction and civil engineering companies of Thailand
Fukuji Dam. The  or Fukuchi Dam is a rock-fill embankment dam on the Fukuchi River  northeast of Higashi, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan. The purpose of the dam, the tallest in Okinawa, is water supply and flood control.

Background
Under the Ryukyu Domestic Water Corporation, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers began constructing the dam in 1969. After the United States Civil Administration of the Ryukyu Islands returned administration of Okinawa back to Japan in 1972, construction became the responsibility of the Japanese government. The dam was completed in 1972, and the auxiliary spillway in December 1974. The dam was later raised to accommodate an improved intake and an additional  in water elevation. This additional work was completed in 1991.

Design
The dam is a  tall and  long rock-fill embankment type with a structural volume of  and a crest elevation of . The dam sits at the head of a  catchment area and its reservoir has a surface area of . The reservoir's capacity is  while  serves as active (or "useful") capacity. The dam is equipped with a drum gate-controlled chute spillway. On the eastern edge of the reservoir,  east of the dam, there is an auxiliary spillway at . This spillway is a siphon-type and operates automatically to help drain the reservoir during flooding. It has a  capacity and discharges directly into the Pacific Ocean.

References

Dams in Okinawa Prefecture
Rock-filled dams
Japan–United States relations
Dams completed in 1974
American Eagle Flight 5456. American Eagle Flight 5456, officially operating as Executive Air Charter Flight 5456, was a scheduled commuter flight between Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport in San Juan, Puerto Rico and Eugenio María de Hostos Airport in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico. The flight was operated by Executive Airlines, doing business as American Eagle, and was operated by a CASA C-212 aircraft. Instrument meteorological conditions were present as the plane made its approach to Mayagüez on June 7, 1992. The plane crashed during heavy rain into a swamp, short of the runway. The crash destroyed the aircraft, killing all five people on board.

References

External links 
 

5456
Executive Airlines accidents and incidents
Aviation accidents and incidents in the United States in 1992
1992 in Puerto Rico
Airliner accidents and incidents in Puerto Rico
Accidents and incidents involving the CASA C-212 Aviocar
Mayagüez, Puerto Rico
June 1992 events in North America
Shepherd Field Air National Guard Base. Shepherd Field Air National Guard Base is the home base of the West Virginia Air National Guard 167th Airlift Wing located at the Eastern West Virginia Regional Airport, 4 miles south of Martinsburg, West Virginia.

Environmental issues
 the U.S. Air Force has been investigating whether industrial chemicals have seeped from the 167th Airlift Wing base into the groundwater. 

In August 2014, the Air Force had found 10 areas where aqueous film forming foam may have entered the soil including "a former fire-training area, three hangars, two buildings, a fire-truck testing area, two storage areas and a wastewater-treatment area". The military seeks to determine if the compounds are present, and if they seeped into the groundwater.

The Eastern West Virginia Regional Airport is in the Big Springs wellhead-protection area for the city's water supply.

See also
West Virginia National Guard

References

Installations of the United States Air National Guard
Martinsburg, West Virginia
West Virginia Air National Guard
Military installations in West Virginia