omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Airborne Redback. The Airborne Redback is an Australian two-seat flying wing ultralight trike designed and produced by Airborne Windsports.

The aircraft is named for the native Australian Redback spider.

Design and development
The aircraft was designed to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category, including the category's maximum gross weight of . The aircraft has a maximum gross weight of . It features a cable-braced hang glider-style high-wing, weight-shift controls, a two-seats-in-tandem open cockpit, tricycle landing gear and a single engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft's Wizard model wing is made from bolted-together aluminium tubing, with its single surface covered in Dacron sailcloth. Its  span wing is supported by a single tube-type kingpost and uses an "A" frame control bar. The standard powerplant is the  Rotax 503 twin cylinder, air-cooled, two-stroke aircraft engine.

When introduced the Redback was a single configuration model, with no cockpit fairing and no options available. In 2012 the model has evolved and offers tundra tires, intake and exhaust silencer, training bars and an aero-tow system as optional equipment.

Reviewers Noel Bertrand et al., writing about the no-options approach in 2003 said, "The Red Back only exists in one configuration with no options — an intelligent course of action taken by this Australian manufacturer made possible by the very complete specification...All the right ingredients are there; Australian and American pilots adore them."

Variants
Redback Wizard
Initial model circa 2003 with  Rotax 503, the Wizard wing and no options available.
X-Series Redback
Later version circa 2012 with  Rotax 503, the Wizard-3 wing and limited options.

Specifications (Redback Wizard)

References

External links

2000s Australian ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Ultralight trikes
Airborne XT. The Airborne XT is an Australian series of two-seat flying wing ultralight trikes designed and produced by Airborne Windsports and introduced in 2003.

Design and development
The XT series features an XT carriage and a cable-braced hang glider-style high-wing, weight-shift controls, a two-seats-in-tandem open cockpit, tricycle landing gear and a single engine in pusher configuration.

The wing is made from bolted-together aluminium tubing, with its double surface wing covered in Dacron sailcloth. Its  span wing is supported by a single tube-type kingpost and uses an "A" frame control bar. A number of different wings are available for the series. The XT was the first carriage used by Airborne that incorporated landing gear shock absorbers. It also uses a gas strut to lower and raise the wing for rigging it. Powerplants include the  Rotax 912 four cylinder, four stroke, horizontally-opposed aircraft engine and the  Rotax 582 twin cylinder, two stroke, inline engine.

Variants
XT-912 Streak 2
Initial version with  Rotax 912 engine, Streak 2 wing and cockpit fairing, introduced in 2003.
XT912-SST Tundra
Model with  Rotax 912 engine and SST strut-braced wing, cockpit fairing and tundra tires for off-airport operations.
XT-912 Tundra
Model with  Rotax 912 engine and Streak or Cruze model wing, cockpit fairing and tundra tires for off-airport operations.
XT-912 Tourer
Model with  Rotax 912 engine and Streak or Cruze model wing and cockpit fairing.
XT-912 Outback
Development of the Airborne Outback model with  Rotax 912 engine tundra wheels,  fuel tank and GX instrument package and no cockpit fairing.
XT-582 Tourer
Model with  Rotax 582 engine, Cruze model wing and cockpit fairing.
XT-582 Tundra
Model with  Rotax 582 engine, tundra tires and cockpit fairing.
XT-582 Outback
Development of the Airborne Outback model with  Rotax 582 engine, tundra tires and no fairing.

Specifications (XT Streak 2)

References

External links

2000s Australian ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Ultralight trikes
Indorama Ventures. Indorama Ventures (IVL) is a producer of intermediate petrochemicals industry, the world's largest producer of PET resins, and a manufacturer of wool yarns established by Aloke Lohia in Bangkok in 1994.

History 
IVL commenced business operations in 1994 with the establishment of the first worsted wool yarn producer in Thailand.

In 1995, IVL established its first PET resin facility in Thailand.
 
It expanded into North America in 2003 by acquiring a StarPet facility, and into Europe in 2006, by establishing a PET facility under the company Orion Global.

In 2008, the company acquired Tuntex Thailand, the largest polyester fiber producer in Thailand. In 2009, merged its polyester operations into Tuntex and renamed the combined entity Indorama Polyester Industries.

IVL became a public company on September 25, 2009.  it was owned 99.99% by Canopus International, which is owned by Aloke Lohia and his immediate family and Sri Prakash Lohia and his immediate family.

In the first half of 2011, IVL completed further acquisitions of PET plants in China, Indonesia, Mexico, Poland and the USA, and became the world's largest PET producer.

In November 2011, it acquired the PET and Polyester fibers recycling businesses of Wellman International in Europe, and in January 2012, IVL acquired FiberVisions Holdings, a manufacturer of specialty mono and bicomponent fibers based in Duluth, Georgia, USA.

As of February 2021, IVL was the market leader in PET in the US, 
and the largest polyester fiber producer in Thailand.

Criticism

Involvement in Israeli settlements

On 12 February 2020, the United Nations published a database of all business enterprises involved in certain specified activities related to the Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territories, including East Jerusalem, and in the occupied Golan Heights. Indorama Ventures and its subsidiary, Avgol Industries, have been listed on the database in light of their involvement in activities related to "the use of natural resources, in particular water and land, for business purposes". The international community considers Israeli settlements built on land occupied by Israel to be in violation of international law. In response to the listing, Indorama Ventures and Avgol announced that they are moving their operations outside of the West Bank.

References

Chemical companies of Thailand
Companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand
Companies in the SET50
Manufacturing companies based in Bangkok
Chemical companies established in 1994
Thai companies established in 1994
Lohia family
Chua's diode. In electronics and chaos theory, Chua's diode is a type of two-terminal, nonlinear active resistor which can be described with piecewise-linear equations.   It is an essential part of Chua's circuit, a simple electronic oscillator circuit which exhibits chaotic oscillations and is widely used as an example for a chaotic system.   It is implemented as a voltage-controlled, nonlinear negative resistor.

The diode is not sold commercially, and is usually built from standard circuit components such as diodes, capacitors, resistors and op-amps.  There are multiple ways to simulate Chua's diode using such components.  One standard design is realized by connecting two negative impedance converters in parallel.  A negative impedance converter (NIC) is a simple op amp circuit that has negative resistance.   Another implementation uses one negative impedance converter to create the negative resistance characteristic, and a diode-resistor network to create the nonlinear characteristic.  

Chua's diode was invented by Leon Chua, who is also the inventor of Chua's circuit.

References

External links
Chua's circuit and Chua's diode diagrams

Diodes
Garma Electric. Garma Electric is an Iranian engineering, procurement and construction company. The main field of Garma Electric work is design, construction and procurement of agricultural machinery and food industries.the company is located in Amol, Iran.

Founding
The company was founded on 25 November 2003 and opened with five employees. Garma Electric starts producing with Feed and Turn Dryers.

Fields of Activity
Pellet Mill machines
Feed Production Lines
Poultry equipment
Agricultural Machinery
Food industries, Driers
Hammer Mills
Heater
Cooler
Ventilation Fan
Fish Powder Production Lines

References

Engineering companies of Iran
Staib LB-1. The Staib LB-1 Special is a homebuilt aircraft design of Wilbur Staib.

Design and development
Wilbur Staib (1914–1993) was a self-taught aircraft designer from Diamond, Missouri. Staib served as a flight instructor during the  Second World War at Chanute, Kansas flying PT-14s. He designed and built five different "LB" (Little Bastard) aircraft and a helicopter, of which several had the title "world's smallest". He flew his aircraft in air shows with the title "The Diamond Wizard".

The LB-1 was a single engine, open cockpit biplane with conventional landing gear. The low-cost construction included using brazed steel bedspring wire for wing-ribs, and bed-sheet muslin covering. The airfoil was patterned on a Taylorcraft BC-12D. The aircraft used three fuel tanks: one in the headrest, one in the baggage compartment and one against the firewall. The red and white checkerboard-painted aircraft was outfitted with a smoke system for air show work.

Operational history
Staib used the LB-1 to perform on the pro-akro circuit, performing stunts such as inverted ribbon cuts. His LB-1 was comparable to the Pitts Special flown by Betty Skelton at the same shows. The aircraft performed from 1949 to 1952. The prototype was registered as late as 1990.

Specifications (Staib LB-1)

See also

References

External links
Image of a LB-5 at the Mid-America Air Museum

Homebuilt aircraft
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Staib LB-2. The Staib LB-2, also called the Little Bastard, Little Bit and The Monster, is a homebuilt aircraft design of Wilbur Staib. It once held the title as the "worlds smallest monoplane".

Design and development
Wilbur Staib (1914-1993) was a self-taught aircraft designer from Diamond, Missouri. Staib served as a flight instructor during the Second World War at Chanute, Kansas flying PT-14s. Staib designed and built five different "LB" (Little Bastard) aircraft and a helicopter, of which several had the title "world's smallest" at their time of construction. Staib flew his aircraft in airshows with the title "The Diamond Wizard".

The LB-2 is a single engine low-wing, open cockpit monoplane with conventional landing gear. LB-2 was the considered the "World's Smallest Monoplane" when built to take the title from Ray Stits  span aircraft. The wing section was adapted from a Piper Cub airfoil.

Operational history
The LB-2 was flown at near top speed, with stalls untested. The roll rate was good, but turns were difficult. Landing speed was . The fuselage was disassembled in 1953 to build the Staib LB-3 biplane.

The LB-3 used new  span wings made in the same fashion as Staib's LB-1 with brazed steel spring wing ribs with Taylorcraft airfoil sections. The aircraft cruised at  and operated on the airshow circuit for two years. Cliff Baker operated the aircraft one more season, suffering a broken back after a high-speed incident.

Variants
Staib LB-3
Biplane built from fuselage of the LB-2
Staib LB-5
"Little Bit" Volkswagen powered variant. One on display at the Mid-America Air Museum.

Specifications (Staib LB-1)

References

Homebuilt aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Staib LB-4. The Staib LB-4 a.k.a. Staib Airyplane is a homebuilt aircraft design of Wilbur Staib.

Design and development
Wilbur Staib (1914–1993) was a self-taught aircraft designer from Diamond, Missouri. Staib served as a flight instructor during the Second World War at Chanute, Kansas flying PT-14s. Staib designed and built five different "LB" (Little Bastard) aircraft and a helicopter, of which several had the title "world's smallest" at their time of construction. Staib flew his aircraft in airshows with the title "The Diamond Wizard".

The LB-4 is a high-wing, uncovered welded steel tube fuselage, single seat twin-engine tricycle gear aircraft. It was registered by the FAA in 1966, and was considered at the time to be the world's smallest twin engine aircraft. The wing ribs were a shortened pattern from a Piper Cub, assembled with staples. The tail section is mounted on a wire braced removable boom for storage. Fuel tanks are made from  paint-thinner cans. The engines used recoil starters.

Operational history
The LB-4 was test flown in 1966 at Carthage, Missouri. The aircraft cruises at  and must be flown at full throttle. Later configurations included a third  engine mounted on top of the wing in pusher configuration.

Specifications (Staib LB-1)

See also

References

Homebuilt aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1966
Staib Helicopter. The Staib Helicopter is a homebuilt aircraft design of Wilbur Staib.

Design and development
Wilbur Staib (1914-1993) was a self-taught aircraft designer from Diamond, Missouri. Staib served as a flight instructor during the Second World War at Chanute, Kansas flying PT-14's. Staib designed and built five different "LB" (Little Bastard) aircraft and a helicopter, of which several had the title "world's smallest" at their time of construction. Staib flew his aircraft in airshows with the title "The Diamond Wizard".

The Staib Helicopter is a powered by a Continental C85 with a V-belt linkage. The gearbox is sourced from a Ford Model A, the clutch from a Studebaker, the rotors cut down from a Brantly B-2 and cooling system from a Chevrolet Corvair. Four different rotor heads were tested.

Operational history
The prototype was flown tethered with a  engine then upgraded to an  engine.

Specifications (Staib Helicopter)

References

Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined piston helicopters
1970s United States helicopters
Cetemps Hydrological Model. CHyM (Cetemps Hydrological Model) is a distributed grid-based hydrological model developed by Cetemps Center of Excellence at the University of L'Aquila.
It has been created since 2002 by Dott. Marco Verdecchia, Barbara Tomassetti and Erika Coppola.
One of the main characteristic of CHyM model is the extensive use of Cellular Automata (CA) based algorithms for drainage network extraction and rainfall data assimilation, for what concerns the specific application in  CHyM code, see Coppola et al., 2007. 
ChyM can simulate the hydrological cycle in any geographical domain with any resolution up to 90 meters; drainage network is extracted by a native algorithm implemented in CHyM code, as a consequence no commercial software (like GIS) are needed to run the model.
The main aim of CHyM is to provide a general purpose tool for flood alert mapping and hydrological risk management; characteristics of the model also allow to carry out long term simulation to investigate possible changes in hydrological cycle induced by climatic change. 
CHyM can assimilate different sets of precipitation data merging them in a hierarchical way at each hourly time step, these precipitation data can be obtained from raingauges observations, radar and satellite estimations and meteorological or climatic Limited Area Model (LAM).
CHyM code is written using standard fortran language and the source code is provided by the authors for free to all no-profit institution for any kind of scientific application.

References 

Hydrology models
Carpenter Special. The Carpenter Special, also called Little Dea Dea, is an early homebuilt biplane design.

Design and development
The Carpenter Special was a custom homebuilt design from Wilbur Staib, built for M. Carpenter in Joplin, Missouri in 1933.

The Carpenter Special is an open cockpit biplane with conventional landing gear. The fuselage is made of welded steel tube and the wings use wooden spars and wing ribs, all with fabric covering. The aircraft was built with a Continental A-50 powerplant, but was re-engined in 1949 with a  Warner Scarab, then with a Continental C-85 engine of .

Specifications (Carpenter Special)

References

Homebuilt aircraft
GEC Stephenson locomotive. The GEC Stephenson locomotives are a type of heavy industrial shunter built in the 1970s by British industrial company GEC Traction. The locomotives were used for heavy shunting tasks in UK industrial sites for clients including British Steel Corporation and the National Coal Board.

History and design
The locomotives were available in 3- or 4-axle versions in the same frame, with a range of masses and engine powers, each axle was powered and the locomotives could be operated in multiple from a single cab.

Most of the locomotives produced were 3 axle versions of two types - a 50-ton loco (16.5 ton axleload) with a 500 hp V8 cylinder Dorman 8QT engine, and a 75-ton (25 ton axleload) machine with a 12-cylinder engine rated at 750 hp. The NCB acquired both locomotive types.

British Steel acquired the heavier 75 ton model; twenty five 750 hp locomotives were acquired by BSC Redcar primarily for hauling torpedo wagons.

An ex-Barrington Cement Works ex-ICI locomotive named Ludwig Mond was acquired in 2010 by the Rutland Railway Museum.

As of 2012 locomotives of this type are still in service with Tata Steel Europe in the UK. In January 2012 the steel works in Lackenby imported ten 1500 kW ex-NSB Di8 Bo'Bo' locomotives for the torpedo wagon trains - this will result in several of the GEC locomotives being scrapped though some are expected to be retained for track renewal and shunting work.

Notes

References

External links

Images
, Redcar steel, blue livery
, Redcar steel, yellow livery
, NCB blue livery

GEC locomotives
Industrial diesel locomotives of Great Britain
Railway locomotives introduced in 1976
Shunting locomotives
Type 43 destroyer. The Type 43 was a proposed destroyer class for the Royal Navy. It was intended to follow on from the Type 42 but armed with the Sea Dart Mark II missile. The primary role of the Type 43 was to protect a task force from air-launched missile attack. There were two proposed variants - the small variant and the large variant. The project advanced to feasibility design before being cancelled in 1981.

Small variant
The design for the small variant Type 43 resembled a Type 42 with one twin Sea Dart launcher forward and directors fore and aft.

Large variant
The design for the large variant Type 43 had twin Sea Dart launchers both forward and aft with four radar directors. Also, two GWS.25 Seawolf launchers were located forward and aft. With launchers at both ends the flight deck was relocated midships between the two superstructure blocks. The helicopter hangar would have room for one Merlin or two Lynx helicopters.

Type 44
The Type 44 was proposed as a similar to the small variant Type 43, but with enhanced anti-submarine capability.

Cancellation
The Type 43/44 programme was cancelled by the Secretary of State for Defence John Nott in the 1981 defence review.

References
 
 

Destroyer classes
Proposed ships of the Royal Navy
Ship classes of the Royal Navy
Abandoned military projects of the United Kingdom
Henry Kressel. Henry Kressel (born c. 1934) is an American engineer, scientist, and financial executive.

In 1980, Kressel was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering for pioneering research in opto-electronic devices with specific emphasis on semiconductor lasers.

He is a partner and the senior managing director of the private equity firm Warburg Pincus.

He has been a board member of SRI International since 2001.

Early life and education
Kressel's parents and sister were murdered in The Holocaust during World War II, after which Kressel emigrated to the United States. He entered Chaim Berlin High School in 1947 and graduated in 1951.

Kressel earned a bachelor's degree in physics from Yeshiva College, a master's in applied physics from Harvard University, an MBA from The Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania and a Ph.D. in material science, also from the University of Pennsylvania.

Career
Kressel joined RCA Laboratories in 1959, and spent 23 years there. He was in charge of development and commercialization of research developments in a variety of fields including light sources, light detectors, and integrated circuits. The development of the first practical laser diodes and the first epitaxial silicon solar cell are also attributed to him. He eventually became vice president of solid-state electronic research and development.

Kressel joined Warburg Pincus in 1983.

Memberships and awards
Kressel received an honorary doctorate from Yeshiva University. He is a 1974 IEEE Fellow and was the founding president of IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society in 1977. He received the IEEE Centennial Medal in 1984 and the IEEE David Sarnoff Award in 1985 for "contributions to electronic devices". He was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 1980 and is a Fellow of the American Physical Society.

He is on the board of directors of SRI International, Aicent, EnStorage, MACH, Suniva and Telcordia Technologies. He has been on the board of directors of Yeshiva University's Sy Syms School of Business since 2004, and is the chairman of the board of trustees of Yeshiva University.

In 2008, Kressel created a scholarship at Yeshiva University in his own name, the Henry Kressel Research Scholarship.

Patents and publications
Kressel holds 33 United States patents and has published more than 120 papers. He has also published six books:

References

Living people
1930s births
American financial businesspeople
Directors of SRI International
IEEE Centennial Medal laureates
Fellows of the IEEE
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Harvard University alumni
Jewish American scientists
Jewish engineers
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering

Warburg Pincus people
Wharton School alumni
Yeshiva University alumni
21st-century American Jews
Wings of History Museum. Wings of History is an aviation museum in San Martin, California. It is a nonprofit organization that operates using donations and membership dues.
 The museum also has a restoration shop, library, and propeller shop.

Hangars
The Wings of History museum has two large hangars filled with aircraft and instrument parts.

Hangar 1
Hangar 1 consists mainly of antique aircraft parts, like engines, and a full-size, complete albeit non-flying replica of the Wright Brothers' original Wright Flyer. This hangar also has many models and other highly detailed aircraft engines including

 95 horsepower British Cirrus engines, flown by such planes as the Westland IV, the Fairchild 22, and the Miles Hawk
 65 horsepower Continental, A-65, 4-cylinders, horizontally opposed
 220 horsepower Continental, R-670-4, 7 cylinders
 Kiekhaefer, Model V-105-2
 McCullock, Model 4310-A
 Nelson, Model H-44
 Salmson, Model 9-AD
 Pratt and Whitney, R-1830

Hangar 2
Hangar 2 consists mainly of complete aircraft, and a car-helicopter that was donated. Near the exit there is a flight simulator and collection of radar and flight instruments.

Outdoors

Outside the hangars, there is a 1938 American Eagle A-101, 1934 Aeronca C-3, 1934 Pietenpol Air Camper, 1940 Stinson Model 10]. Various experimental aircraft and the Vickers Viscount are also on display. Many of the restored or partially restored aircraft have working flight surfaces that are controllable through the cockpit.

References

External links
 Official website
 GREAT ESCAPE: Wings of History Air Museum
 

Aerospace museums in California
Museums in Santa Clara County, California
Non-profit organizations based in California