omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Glen P. Wilson. Glen Parten Wilson Jr. (1923–2005) worked on the Senate space and astronautics committee, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and was executive director emeritus of the National Space Society, a space advocacy group.

Born in Waco, Texas and raised in Houston, he was an aviation electronics technician in the Navy during World War II and also worked for Lockheed Aircraft Co. in Burbank, Calif.

He was an aeronautical engineering graduate of the University of Texas at Austin, where he also received his master's degree and doctorate in psychology.

Wilson was working in his native Texas when he was summoned in 1955 with his wife to join the Washington office of then-Sen. Lyndon B. Johnson (D-TX), the majority leader. Wilson was a staff assistant, and his wife was a secretary, and they shared mutual friends with Johnson.

A Johnson protégé, Wilson soon joined the staff of the Senate's Special Committee on Space and Astronautics. His function initially was to interview specialists and analyze technical data so the committee had guidelines as it wrote the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 and created the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

He later was involved in research and development, technology assessment and policy planning. He remained with the committee until its termination in 1977 as part of a Senate reorganization.

The next year, NASA hired him to develop the Shuttle Student Involvement Program to spur student interest through suggestions on possible experiments to conduct aboard the shuttle. Before retiring in 1982, he received NASA's Exceptional Service Medal.

From 1984 to 1988, Wilson was executive director of what is now the National Space Society, a nonprofit organization that promotes space-related activities. He oversaw his group's merger with the like-minded L5 Society. He continued to serve on the board until his death January 8, 2005 at a hospice in Fort Worth, TX.

American aerospace engineers
University of Texas at Austin College of Liberal Arts alumni
NASA people
1923 births
2005 deaths
20th-century American engineers
Cockrell School of Engineering alumni
Engineers from Houston
United States Navy personnel of World War II
Change control board. In software development, projects and programs, a change control board (CCB) is a committee that consists of Subject Matter Experts (SME, e.g. software engineers, testing experts, etc.) and Managers (e.g. Quality Assurance managers), who decide whether to implement proposed changes to a project. The main objective of a CCB is to ensure the client accepts the project. Factors affecting a CCB's decision can include the project's phase of development,  budget, schedule, and quality goals. 

Change control (see Scope management) is also part of Requirements engineering. CCBs are most associated with the waterfall method of software development, but can be seen as having analogues in some implementations of Agile software development.

The Change Control Board will review any proposed changes from the original baseline requirements that were agreed upon with the client. If any change is agreed upon by the committee, the change is communicated to the project team and the client, and the requirement is baselined with the change. The authority of the Change Control Board may vary from project to project (see e.g. Consensus-based decision making), but decisions reached by the Change Control Board are often accepted as final and binding. 

A typical Change Control Board might consist of the development manager, the test lead, and a product manager. Less commonly, the client might directly advocate their interests as part of the Change Control Board.

See also
 Change management (ITSM)
 Change-advisory board
 Project management
 Requirements engineering
 Configuration management

References

Software development process
Gräfenberg's ring. Gräfenberg's ring is a flexible ring of silk suture, later versions of which were wrapped in silver wire.  It was an early IUD, a birth control device. Gräfenberg's ring was the first IUD used by a significant number of women.  The ring was introduced by German gynecologist Ernst Gräfenberg in 1929. It ceased to be in wide use circa 1939.

Inserting a foreign device into the uterus causes an inflammatory response, which creates a hostile environment for sperm.  The silver wire used to construct later versions of Gräfenberg's ring was contaminated with copper, which increases this spermicidal effect.

In 1934, Japanese physician Tenrei Ota developed a variation of the Gräfenberg ring that contained a supportive structure in the center. The addition of this central disc lowered the IUD's expulsion rate. However, insertion of these devices caused high rates of infection and were condemned by the medical community.  Furthermore, their use and development was stifled by World War II politics: contraception was forbidden in both Nazi Germany and Axis-allied Japan. The rest of the Western world did not learn of the work of Gräfenberg and Ota until well after the war ended.

References

History of medicine
Intrauterine contraception
Aikinite. Aikinite is a sulfide mineral of lead, copper and bismuth with formula Pb Cu Bi S3. It forms black to grey or reddish brown acicular orthorhombic crystals with a Mohs hardness of 2 to 2.5 and a specific gravity of 6.1 to 6.8. It was originally found in 1843 in the Beryozovskoye deposit, Ural Mountains. It is named after Arthur Aikin (1773–1854), an English geologist.

It has been found in Western Tasmania, in mines located near Dundas, Tasmania.

References

Lead minerals
Copper(I) minerals
Bismuth minerals
Sulfosalt minerals
Orthorhombic minerals
Minerals in space group 62
Glances
Berthierite. Berthierite is a mineral, a sulfide of iron and antimony with formula FeSb2S4. It is steel grey in colour with a metallic lustre which can be covered by an iridescent tarnish.  Because of its appearance it is often mistaken for stibnite.

It was discovered in France in 1827 and named for the French chemist, Pierre Berthier (1782–1861).

See also
List of minerals
List of minerals named after people

References 

Mineral galleries
Mindat
Webmineral

Iron(II) minerals
Antimony minerals
Sulfosalt minerals
Orthorhombic minerals
Minerals in space group 62
Glances
Hammerite. Hammerite is a brand of hammer paint made by Hammerite Products, a subsidiary of AkzoNobel.

Company history

Hammerite paint was first developed in 1962 by Allen Forster and later manufactured at the Finnigan's factory in Prudhoe, Northumberland. The company also produced the anti-corrosion treatment Waxoyl. In the early 1980s, the company was acquired by Hunting plc who later sold it on to Williams Holdings in 1993.  Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) acquired the company from Williams Holdings in 1998. In 2008, ICI was acquired by AkzoNobel.

Products

Hammerite products includes rust prevention and restoration paint, and are based on zinc phosphate as the active ingredient. Their products include interior and exterior paints as well as special metal primers. Many of these paints feature a hammered look, hence the name of the company.

References

External links
 Hammerite
 Hammerite at ICI

British brands
Paint and coatings companies of the United Kingdom
Imperial Chemical Industries
B0. B0 may refer to:
 , a net magnetisation vector in medical imaging
 La Compagnie, a French airline (IATA code B0)
 Neutral B meson (B0)
 Pininfarina B0, an electric car
 B0, an ISO 216 paper size
 B-0, the original name for the FLOW-MATIC data processing language
 B0 star, a subclass of B-class stars

See also
Bo (disambiguation)
TKM. TKM may refer to:

 TKM (karting)
 TKM (Polish term)
 TKM Institute of Technology
 Thangal Kunju Musaliar College of Engineering
 Tshibumba Kanda-Matulu, a Congolese artist
 Toyota Kirloskar Motor, a car maker
 Tonne-kilometre, a unit of transportation measurement
 Turkmenistan, by its IOC and ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 code
ISO/IEC 10967. ISO/IEC 10967, Language independent arithmetic (LIA), is a series of
standards on computer arithmetic. It is compatible with ISO/IEC/IEEE 60559:2011,
more known as IEEE 754-2008, and much of the
specifications are for IEEE 754 special values
(though such values are not required by LIA itself, unless the parameter iec559 is true).
It was developed by the working group ISO/IEC JTC1/SC22/WG11, which was disbanded in 2011.

LIA consists of three parts:
 Part 1: Integer and floating point arithmetic, second edition published 2012.
 Part 2: Elementary numerical functions, first edition published 2001.
 Part 3: Complex integer and floating point arithmetic and complex elementary numerical functions, first edition published 2006.

Parts

Part 1
Part 1 deals with the basic integer and floating point datatypes (for multiple radices, including 2 and 10),
but unlike IEEE 754-2008 not the representation of the values. Part 1 also
deals with basic arithmetic, including comparisons, on values of such
datatypes. The parameter iec559 is expected to be
true for most implementations of LIA-1.

Part 1 was revised, to the second edition, to become more in line with the specifications
in parts 2 and 3.

Part 2
Part 2 deals with some additional "basic" operations on integer and floating point
datatype values, but focuses primarily on specifying requirements on numerical
versions of elementary functions. Much of the specifications in LIA-2 are inspired
by the specifications in Ada for elementary functions.

Part 3
Part 3 generalizes parts 1 and 2 to deal with imaginary and complex
datatypes and arithmetic and elementary functions on such values.
Much of the specifications in LIA-3 are inspired by the specifications
for imaginary and complex datatypes and operations in
C, Ada and
Common Lisp.

Bindings
Each of the parts provide suggested bindings for a number of
programming languages. These are not part of the LIA standards,
just suggestions, and are not complete. Authors of a programming
language standard may wish to alter the suggestions before any
incorporation in the programming language standard.

The C99, C11 and C17 standards for C, and in 2013, the standards for C++ and Modula-2, have partial bindings to LIA-1.

See also 
 IEEE 754, Standard for Floating-Point Arithmetic
 ISO/IEC 11404, General purpose datatypes

References

External links
 ISO/IEC 10967-1:2012, complete text of Part 1: Integer and floating point arithmetic.
 ISO/IEC 10967-2:2001, complete text of Part 2: Elementary numerical functions.
 ISO/IEC 10967-3:2006, complete text of Part 3: Complex integer and floating point arithmetic and complex elementary numerical functions.

Computer arithmetic
10967
Joseph Mangan. Joseph Mangan is an American aerospace engineer who, in 2004, was threatened with prison after telling European aviation authorities of his belief that the microprocessors controlling cabin pressurization valves in the new Airbus A380 might allow a sudden depressurization of the passenger cabin in flight—which, at normal cruising altitudes, could endanger the lives of people aboard the aircraft. A sudden loss of pressure at high altitudes can produce unconsciousness within seconds, followed eventually by death.

According to the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company, all parties have ensured through the most varied control channels that there is no safety deficit with regards to the scenario, as described by Mangan in the final certificated aircraft.
All corresponding documents were reviewed and approved by European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) and US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The review process, incorporating the participation of Joseph Mangan, successfully finished in late 2006 when the Airbus A380 including the internal communication system and the microprocessors of the cabin pressure control system was certified by EASA and FAA.

Mangan's story is one of those featured in a 2007 French Documentary entitled Du côté des "anges" which translates to On the side of the "Angels" by Mattieu Verboud, which is about employees who break "the law of silence" to denounce acts of corruption or negligence in their companies.

References

Living people
American aerospace engineers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
Minivac 601. Minivac 601 Digital Computer Kit was an electromechanical digital computer system created by information theory pioneer Claude Shannon and sold by Scientific Development Corporation as an educational toy using digital circuits.

Description
In 1961, the system was sold by Scientific Development Corporation's "Consumer Products Division", which was soon renamed as the "Digital Equipment Division". The Minivac 601 was originally housed in a blue-painted wooden case.  It used  DPDT electrical relays as logic switches and for temporary data storage. The main board had a six-bit binary input/output array, consisting of simple DPDT slide switches, SPDT pushbutton switches, and indicator lights.  A 16-position motorized dial rotary switch could be used to input decimal or hexadecimal numbers, to output numbers, or to act as a clock signal generator. 

The components could be interconnected by manually inserting jumper wires fitted with tapered pin connectors into sockets on the main circuit board. The combined components just barely allowed the simple computer to play a winning game of Tic-Tac-Toe, or to simulate a simple elevator control system.

An "advanced and improved" version called the Minivac 6010 was released in early 1962, housed in a gray metal case and featuring higher-quality components. It was supplied with additional patch cords incorporating special resistors, capacitors, and diodes for further capabilities. Although the price was also increased considerably, the system was more successfully sold to the corporate market, rather than as a toy.

In 1962, the Scientific Development Corporation also advertised educational electronic kits based on analog electronics technology.

Gallery

References

External links

Cedmagic.com
Hal A. Layer
Computermuseum.li
Minivac 601 at www.oldcomputermuseum.com
Minivac 6010 at www.oldcomputermuseum.com
Minivac 601 documentation (1961): Book I, Books II-IV, Books V-VI, Maintenance manual

Mechanical computers
Educational toys
TOWER Software. TOWER Software was a software development company, founded in 1985 in Canberra, Australia. The company provided and supported enterprise content management software, notably its TRIM product line for electronic records management.

TOWER Software was acquired by Hewlett-Packard Company in 2008 as a part of its HP Software Division.

History

TOWER Software began making records management software in 1985. It shifted to providing electronic document and records management software with the introduction of TRIM Captura in 1998. TRIM Context was released in 2002. In 2004 the company re-branded itself as a provider of enterprise content management solutions.

TOWER Software contributed to the development of international and local standards by sitting on a working group to develop AS4390 (the Australian standard for records management), which influenced the ISO 15489 standard, and by reviewing the MoReq and DoD 5015.2 standards.

In April 2008, TOWER Software shareholders were advised of the company's intention to accept an offer by Hewlett-Packard to acquire the company for approximately US$105 million. At that time, TOWER Software had 1000 customers in 32 countries representing the public sector and highly regulated industries such as healthcare, energy and utilities, and banking and finance.

TRIM Context is now called HP TRIM Records Management System software and is based on the ISO standard 15489 for records management. TRIM software also has U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) 5015.2 certification and adheres to the principles outlined in AS4390.

Recognition and awards
   KMWorld Readers' Choice Award 2006

External links
HP Software website
A Strategic Approach to Managing Information from National Archives of Australia
 ARMA International Electronic Records and e-Discovery

See also
DIRKS, Design and Implementation of Record Keeping Systems
The National Archives (UK), The National Archives
Design Criteria Standard for Electronic Records Management Software Applications
Paperless Office
Document Management
Document Imaging

References

Defunct technology companies of Australia
Hewlett-Packard acquisitions
HP software
International information technology consulting firms
Companies based in Canberra
Stelio Frati. Stelio Frati (born in Milan Italy in 1919, died 14 May 2010) was an Italian mechanical engineer and aeroplane designer. He graduated from the Politecnico di Milano as a mechanical engineer in 1943, participating in the design of the Aeronautica Lombarda AR (Assalto Radioguidato - RC  attack)  radio-controlled wooden cantilever monoplane, powered by a single radial engine - a flying bomb/drone, flown for the first time the same year. After teaching aircraft design he became a freelance aircraft designer, being responsible for many well known aircraft designs. One of his best known designs is the Falco F8L.

Designs
 F.M.1 Passero motor-glider (1947) - One built by Ditta Movo
 F.4 Rondone (1951) - One built by CVV, production batch of nine built by Aeronautica Lombardi and Ambrosini.
 F.5 (1952) - One built by Caproni
 F.6 Airone (1954) - One built by Pasotti 
 F.7 Rondone (1954) - Built by Pasotti
 F.8 Falco (1955) - Built by Aviamilano, Aeromere, Laverda and an amateur build variant by Sequoia of Virginia
 F.9 Sparviero (1956) - One built by Pasotti
 F.14 Nibbio (1958) - Built by Aviamilano
 F.15 Picchio (1959) - Built by Procaer and General Avia
 F.20 Pegaso (1971) - Built by General Avia
 F.20TP Condor (1983) - One built by General Avia
 F.22 Pinguino (1989) - One built by General Avia
 F.30 Golden Avio  (2012) - Four built by Golden Avio
 F.250 (1964) - Built by Aviamilano
 F.260 (1964) - Built by Aviamilano, licence built by SIAI-Marchetti as the SF.260
 F.400 Cobra (1960) - One built by Procaer
 F.480 (Not completed)
 SF.600 Canguro (1978) One built by General Avia - licence built production by SIAI-Marchetti 
 F.1000
 F.1300 Jet Squalus (1987) - Built by Promavaia 
 F.2500
 F.3000 (Not built)
 F.3500 Sparviero

References

External links
F30 Golden Car

1919 births
2010 deaths
Polytechnic University of Milan alumni
Engineers from Milan
Italian aerospace engineers
Caproni people
Compasso d'Oro Award recipients
Heat gun. A heat gun is a device used to emit a stream of hot air, usually at temperatures between , with some hotter models running around , which can be held by hand. Heat guns usually have the form of an elongated body pointing at what is to be heated, with a handle fixed to it at right angles and a pistol grip trigger in the same pistol form factor as many other power tools.

Though it shares similarities to a hair dryer, it is not meant as a substitute for the latter, which safely spreads out the heat out across its nozzle to prevent scalp burning and has a limited temperature range, while heat guns have a concentrated element and nozzle, along with higher temperatures, which can easily scald the scalp or catch the hair on fire.

Construction
A heat gun comprises a source of heat, usually an electrically heated element or a propane/liquified petroleum gas, a mechanism to move the hot air such as an electric fan, unless gas pressure is sufficient; a nozzle to direct the air, which may be a simple tube pointing in one direction, or specially shaped for purposes such as concentrating the heat on a small area or thawing a pipe but not the wall behind; a housing to contain the components and  keep the operator safe; a mechanism to switch it on and off and control the temperature such as a trigger; a handle; and a built-in or external stand if the gun is to be used hands-free. Gas-powered soldering irons sometimes have interchangeable hot air blower tips to produce a very narrow stream of hot air suitable for working with surface-mount devices and shrinking heat-shrink tubing.

Focused infrared heaters are also used for localised heating.

Usage
Heat guns are used in physics, materials science, chemistry, engineering, and other laboratory and workshop settings. Different types of heat gun operating at different temperatures and with different airflow can be used to strip paint, shrink heat shrink tubing, shrink film, and shrink wrap packaging, dry out damp wood, bend and weld plastic, soften adhesives, and thaw frozen pipes. 

Heat guns, often called hot air guns or hot air stations for this application, are used in electronics to desolder and rework surface-mounted circuit board components.
Heat guns are also used for functional testing of overheat protection devices, in order to safely simulate an overheat condition.

Household use of heat guns is common. Heat guns and lighter weight hair driers are sometimes used to remove paint splashes and wallpapers. Heat guns are also used to make plastics such as PVC piping pliable for the purposes of bending, to soften wax and adhesives such as that used in electronics, and to thaw out frozen copper pipes. There are also heat gun form factors friendly for food purposes such as melting hard candies, searing meats, or to start a charcoal fire or grill. Heat guns are sometimes used to upholster furniture and repair leather and vinyl goods.

For removing lead paint temperatures below  are used to minimize vaporization.

See also
Shrink tunnel

References

External links
 

Burners
Hand-held power tools
Packaging machinery
Computational model. A computational model uses computer programs to simulate and study complex systems using an algorithmic or mechanistic approach and is widely used in a diverse range of fields spanning from physics, engineering, chemistry and biology to economics, psychology, cognitive science and computer science.

The system under study is often a complex nonlinear system for which simple, intuitive analytical solutions are not readily available. Rather than deriving a mathematical analytical solution to the problem, experimentation with the model is done by adjusting the parameters of the system in the computer, and studying the differences in the outcome of the experiments.  Operation theories of the model can be derived/deduced from these computational experiments.

Examples of common computational models are weather forecasting models, earth simulator models, flight simulator models, molecular protein folding models, Computational Engineering Models (CEM), and neural network models.

See also 
 Computational Engineering
 Computational cognition
Reversible computing
 Agent-based model
 Artificial neural network
 Computational linguistics
 Data-driven model
 Decision field theory
  Dynamical systems model of cognition
 Membrane computing
 Ontology (information science)
 Programming language theory
 Microscale and macroscale models

References

Models of computation
Mathematical modeling
Arnhem Highway. The Arnhem Highway is a 227 kilometre highway in the Northern Territory of Australia. It links the mining town of Jabiru, in Kakadu National Park, to the Stuart Highway at a point 35 kilometres south of Darwin.

Upgrades
The Northern Australia Roads Program announced in 2016 included the following project for the Arnhem Highway.

Floodplain upgrade
The project to upgrade the Adelaide River floodplain is to be complete in early 2022 at a total cost of $77.9 million.

Major intersections

See also

 Highways in Australia
 List of highways in the Northern Territory

References

Highways in the Northern Territory