omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Particle velocity probe. A particle velocity probe is a probe capable of measuring the acoustic particle velocity.

Currently there are two commercially available particle velocity probes. The first one is produced by Microflown Technologies. The particle velocity transducer is called the Microflown. The second particle velocity transducer is manufactured by Weles Acoustics. Both commercially available solutions share a similar transduction principle.

The Microflown sensor is a MEMS based transducer able to directly measure acoustic particle velocity. Very small sized elements are created on silicon wafers under a clean room technology. The sensing element consists of two ultra-thin wires (thinner than a strand of human hair). These wires are platinum resistors that act as temperature sensors. They are powered by an electric current which causes them to heat up. Local temperature variations cause changes in the wires resistance. When the acoustic particle velocity (sound) propagates across the wires, it asymmetrically alters the temperature distribution around the resistors (wires). The resulting resistance difference provides a broad band (20 Hz up to at least 10 kHz) linear signal with a figure-of-eight directivity that is proportional to the acoustic particle velocity.

Literature 

Multiple application cases, theory and fundamentals of particle velocity sensing:
The Microflown e-Book.

List of academic publications related to particle velocity sensors:
General publication list of articles related to acoustic particle velocity. 

To model a tri-axial particle velocity probe's measurement of a source incident from the near field, see:
Y. I. Wu, K. T. Wong & S.-K. Lau, “The Acoustic Vector-Sensor’s Near-Field Array-Manifold,” IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, vol. 58, no. 7, pp. 3946-3951, July 2010.
The tri-axial particle velocity probe's azimuth-elevation beam pattern: 
K. T. Wong & H. Chi, “Beam Patterns of an Underwater Acoustic Vector Hydrophone Located Away from any Reflecting Boundary,” IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 628-637, July 2002.
A  tri-axial particle velocity probe may be used to enhance speech reception in a video conferencing scenario:
Y. Wu, K. T. Wong, S.-K. Lau, X. Yuan & S. K. Tang, “A Directionally Tunable but Frequency-Invariant Beamformer on an Acoustic Velocity-Sensor Triad to Enhance Speech Perception,” Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, vol. 131, no. 5, pp. 3891-3902, May 2012.

References

External links 
 Particle Velocity Sensors, measuring principle and benefits
 Weles Acoustics particle velocity sensor - working principle 
Sound measurements
Douglas Equipment. Douglas Equipment Limited is an English manufacturer of aviation support vehicles such as tugs and tractors. The firm is headquartered in the Arle area of Cheltenham, England with manufacturing operations around the world.

Established as FL Douglas (Equipment) Limited in 1947 by Frank Leslie Douglas, it today is a brand of Textron Ground Support Equipment Inc.

Frank Douglas had previously been employed by Universal Power Drives (Unipower), which in 1937 introduced a 4x4 timber tractor, an idea he used when he converted war-surplus 95 bhp AEC Matador 4x4 medium artillery tractors as 4x4 timber tractors.

The firm also built a range of industrial tug trucks for trailer haulage in factories, ports and docks loading ships.

The company is most well known for their line of towbarless aircraft pushback tractors.

In 2010 the company received the Queen's Award for Enterprise in the categories of Innovation and International Trade.

In 2015 Textron acquired Douglas Equipment under their Textron Specialized Vehicles business unit. Then in 2016 Douglas Equipment along with Tug Technologies, Premier Deicers, and Safeaero Deicers re-branded together as Textron Ground Support Equipment.

As of November 2020 the Cheltenham site appears closed, all signage has been removed and the site is locked up. There are no press releases regarding a re-location of operations. January 2021 the Douglas site is now up for sale confirming the site has closed.

Even with the Cheltenham site closed the aftermarket side of the business was moved to Ransomes Jacobsen site in Ipswich so the support for the Douglas vehicles in the field can continue.

External links

References

Airport infrastructure manufacturers
Companies based in Cheltenham
Truck manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Horticultural building system. Horticultural Building Systems are defined as the instance where vegetation and an architectural/architectonic system exist in a mutually defined and intentionally designed relationship that supports plant growth and an architectonic concept. The most common form of these systems in contemporary vernacular is green wall, vertical garden, green roof, roof garden, building-integrated agriculture (BIA), yet the history of these systems may be traced back through greenhouse technology, hydroponicums, horticultural growth chambers, and beyond. These horticultural building systems evolved form a reciprocal relationship between plant cultural requirements and architectural technology.

Notes

References 
Weiler, Susan K., and Katrin Scholz-Barth. 2009. Green roof systems: a guide to the planning, design, and construction of landscapes over structure. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons.
Werthmann, Christian. 2007. Green roof: a case study. New York: Princeton Architectural Press.
Zimmermann, Astrid. 2009. Constructing landscape: materials, techniques, structural components. Basel: Birkhäuser
Hix, John. 1974. The glass house. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press
Hindle, Richard L. Horticultural Building Systems: Evolution and Research Futures. In: Urban Nature CELA 2011. Figueroa Press, Los Angeles, CA. 2011 p 78. 

Horticulture
Udet U 11 Kondor. The Udet U 11 Kondor was a German four-engined airliner designed and built by Udet Flugzeugbau, only one was built.

Design and development
The U 11 Kondor was an open-cockpit, metal-fuselage, wooden high-wing monoplane powered by four  Siemens-Halske Sh 12 piston engines in shaft-driven pusher configuration. It had a crew of three and room for eight passengers with a dangerously close clearance between the pusher propellers and rear passenger door, which caused one fatality. The aircraft was tested by Harry Rother near Munich, finding a tail-heavy condition which required addition of larger control surfaces. The only U 11 was first flown on 19 January 1926 and was refused by Deutsche Luft-Reederei then purchased by Deutsche Luft Hansa, crashing on its delivery flight. The cost to develop and produce the prototype was a factor in the collapse of the company, which was then taken over by Bayerische Flugzeugwerke.

Specifications (U 11)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links

Udet U 11
Flickr Photo

U 11
1920s German airliners
Aircraft first flown in 1926
High-wing aircraft
Four-engined pusher aircraft
Transit 5E-1. Transit 5E-1, International Designator 1963-038C, is an artificial satellite of the United States Department of Defense and launched on September 28, 1963, aboard a Thor rocket from the Vandenberg Air Force Base.

Launch
Transit 5E-1 was launched to study charged particles, magnetic fields and solar spectra, as well as for geodetic research.

It was launched to a polar orbit, from where it did geomagnetic and geodetic measurements. Electrical power was produced by four solar panels. After August 1969, the satellite did measurements infrequently. The last data were transmitted in November, 1974.

See also

 1963 in spaceflight

References

External links
 1963-038C in Real Time Satellite Tracking

Spacecraft launched in 1963
Satellites orbiting Earth
Comet Hopper. Comet Hopper (CHopper) was a proposed lander to NASA's Discovery Program that, had it been selected, would have orbited and landed multiple times on Comet Wirtanen as it approached the Sun. The proposed mission was led by Jessica Sunshine of the UMD, working with Lockheed Martin to build the spacecraft and the NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center to manage the mission.

History
The Comet Hopper mission was one of three Discovery Program finalists that received  million in May 2011 to develop a detailed concept study.

The other two missions were InSight and Titan Mare Explorer. After a review in August 2012, NASA selected the InSight mission.

Scientific goals 
The CHopper mission had three primary science goals for the 7.3 years of its lifetime. At roughly 4.5 AU the spacecraft would have rendezvoused with Comet Wirtanen to map the spatial heterogeneity of surface solids as well as gas and dust emissions from the coma - the nebulous envelope around the nucleus of a comet. The remote mapping would also allow for any nucleus structure, geologic processes, and coma mechanisms to be determined. After arriving at Comet Wirtanen, the spacecraft would have approached and landed, then subsequently hopped to other locations on the comet. As the comet approached the sun, the spacecraft would land and hop multiple times to record surface changes as the comet became more active. The final landing would occur at 1.5 AU.

See also

 Champollion (spacecraft)
 Mars Geyser Hopper
 Rosetta (spacecraft)
Triton Hopper

References

External links 
Press Releases
 NASA Goddard Managed Comet Hopper Mission Selected for Further Study 
 Comet Hopper, a UMD/NASA Goddard Proposal, Moves to 'Final Round' in NASA Selection Process
News Articles
 Maryland scientists vie for NASA missions

Cancelled spacecraft
Missions to comets
Advanced Stirling radioisotope generator
Discovery program proposals
Hopping spacecraft
Iron Dobbin. The Iron Dobbin was a mechanical horse which was first described in Popular Science Monthly in April 1933. The machine, designed by an Italian inventor, was powered by a gasoline engine and moved upon steel pipes allowing it to traverse a rough field. The device was to be used to train the youth of the Gioventù Italiana del Littorio to ride, but was rejected by the Italian military as impractical.

The German military, after seeing the Iron Dobbin in Popular Science, designed the Panzerpferd for their Gebirgsjaeger troops, which was also rejected.

See also
 Walking truck
 BigDog
 Cislaghi Motoruota

References

Off-road vehicles
Vehicle design
Johann Christian Bauer. Johann Christian Bauer (1802–1867) was a German type designer, punchcutter, and founder of the Bauer Type Foundry. Bauer was born in Hanau and began working as a punch-cutter in 1827. He ran a type foundry in Frankfurt am Main, Germany for three years with Christian Nies, before founding the Bauersche Gießerei in 1837. From 1837 to 1847 he worked for the firm of P.A. Wilson in Edinburgh, where he could study punch-cutting and type founding, as Great Britain was at that time in the forefront of the industry. While still in Edinburgh, he founded the firm of Bauer, Furgusson et Huie, though upon his return to Germany in 1847 the foundry was renamed Englische Schriftschneiderei und Gravieranstalt  (English Typecutting and Engraving Works). A prolific craftsman, Bauer cut more than 10,000 punches with his own hands, though few of his designs are in use today as they are typical of the excesses of pre-Arts and Crafts Movement nineteenth century design. By the end of his life, the Bauer foundry was a worldwide concern.

Fonts Designed by Johann Christian Bauer
All faces cast by the Bauer Type Foundry.
Fette Fraktur (1850)
Roman Extra Bold (1850)
Verdi (1851, revived 1957)

References
Jaspert, W. Pincus, W. Turner Berry and A.F. Johnson. The Encyclopedia of Type Faces. Blandford Press Lts.: 1953, 1983. .
Friedl, Ott, and Stein, Typography: an Encyclopedic Survey of Type Design and Techniques Throughout History. Black Dog & Levinthal Publishers: 1998. .
Macmillsn, Niel, An A-Z of Type Designers, Yale University Press, 2006.

1802 births
1867 deaths
German graphic designers
German typographers and type designers
Care Pathway Simulator. Care Pathway Simulator is a discrete event simulation software program that has been used to design and test healthcare processes in the NHS. The method used by CPS is to view the system from the perspective of the task, job or patient rather than the function. It is a Windows application and uses a graphical user interface to create the models.

References

http://www.bcs.org/upload/pdf/des_241105.pdf

http://mashnet.info/wp-content/files/BJHC_ORinHealthPaper.pdf

http://www.carebydesign.org/files/no_delays_achiever_case_studies.pdf

http://mashnet.info/casestudy/care-pathway-simulator-cps/

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dRC1uYJiIvw

Simulation software
Kent Systems. KENT Systems is a plastic injection molding company in Loveland, Colorado. KENT Systems has a line of patented plastic quick coupling, plastic fittings, media bags, and tubing. KENT Systems was designed, created, and developed by Kent Sampson. Kent Sampson  along with his wife, Gloria, founded Value Plastics in Fort Collins, Colorado. While owning Value Plastics, Kent Sampson invented the KENT Systems line of quick couplings. In 1998 Kent and Gloria were the first business owners to win the prestigious Bravo! Lifetime Achievement Award presented by the Northern Colorado Business Report.  In 2001 Kent and Gloria Sampson decided spin off the KENT Systems product line and create a separate company from Value Plastics, the newly formed company was named Kent Systems. In 2007 Kent and Gloria Sampson sold KENT Systems to their youngest son, Lyle, and daughter in-law, Linda.

References

Plastics companies of the United States
Companies based in Colorado
Kunstteich. A Kunstteich (plural: Kunstteiche) is an historic German term for a man-made lake or pond associated with the mining industry and its technology. These ponds were created by the construction of barriers, typically dams and embankments, and were used to supply hydropower and water to the mines. Water stored in the reservoir was used for a variety of purposes. It was used to turn water wheels that in turn drove the various mechanical devices used in mining in earlier centuries, such as man engines. It was also used to produce power and drain the mines, or in the processing of ore. In principle, all Kunstteiche are small dam and reservoir installations. The oldest working dams in Germany are Kunstteiche.

Water is supplied to and transported away from the ponds either above ground in artificial channels (Kunstgräben) or underground through so-called Röschen, small channels in the mine galleries. If the water from Kunstteiche is used in the smelting (Verhüttung) of ore they may be called Hüttenteiche or "smelter ponds".

An extensive, surviving system of Kunstteiche and Röschen is the Freiberg Mining Area Water System (Revierwasserlaufanstalt Freiberg) in the Ore Mountains in the former Freiberg mining region (10 ponds). Other very large systems are found in the Upper Harz around Clausthal-Zellerfeld  (Upper Harz Water Regale, 65 ponds) and in the Lower Harz around Straßberg (Lower Harz Ditch and Pond System, 21 ponds with a capacity of 1.75 M m³).

See also 
 Mining in the Upper Harz
 Man engine
 Kunstgraben

Literature 

 Otfried Wagenbreth, Eberhard Wächtler: Der Freiberger Bergbau: Technische Denkmale und Geschichte. 2nd edn., Springer Spektrum Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindustrie, Berlin-Heidelberg, 1988, .
 Wilfried Ließmann: Historischer Bergbau im Harz. 3rd edn., Springer Verlag, Berlin and Heidelberg, 2010, .

Water management in mining
Hydropower
Reservoirs
Luenger Beta 1. The Luenger Beta 1 was an American high-wing, single-seat, T-tailed FAI Open Class glider designed by Hans Luenger and Spud Kohler.

Design and development
The Beta was intended to become America's first production fiberglass sailplane. The design work was done by Luenger and Kohler in 1967 in Cleveland, Ohio. When the fuselage was completed a Federal Aviation Administration inspector informed the pair that the aircraft would not qualify to be sold as an amateur-built kit and that the design would require type certification. At that time this would have required an investment of US$250,000 and as a result Kohler withdrew from the project, leaving Luenger to complete the prototype. The prototype was registered as an amateur-built in 1972, but no further aircraft were completed.

The Beta 1 was constructed predominantly from fiberglass, with the wing covered in plywood with a  layer of fiberglass cloth and resin over that. The wing featured terminal velocity Schempp-Hirth style dive brakes and a Wortmann FX 61-184 airfoil becoming an FX 61-160 at the tip. The fuselage was a pod-and-boom design, with fully reclined pilot seating, a fixed monowheel landing gear and T-tail.

Soaring Magazine reported in 1983 that the sole Beta 1 had been donated to the National Soaring Museum along with all its tooling, but as of May 2011 it was not listed in their collection. The aircraft's registration with the FAA was cancelled in April 2011 and it is currently displayed in the Wings Over the Rockies Air and Space Museum.

Specifications (Beta)

See also

References

External links
Photo of the Luenger Beta 1 in the Wings Over the Rockies Air and Space Museum on 9 April 2011

1970s United States sailplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1972
T-tail aircraft
High-wing aircraft
José Antonio Garrido Nataren. José Antonio Garrido Nataren is a Mexican engineer, currently serves as Rector of the University of Technology Tecamachalco

Studies 

From a very young excelled in academia, attending high school in Escuela Secundaria y de Bachilleres de Minatitlan ESBOM, where he excelled as an excellent student. Later technological forged identity studying engineering degree in Mechanics at the Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz (http://www.itver.edu.mx). He completed the Ph.D. in Applied Computer Science by the École nationale supérieure de techniques avancées ENSTA www.ensta.fr with the thesis "A Modeleur géométrique MGIT Tridimensionnel Interactif" in June 1981. During his years as a doctoral student in France, he resided in the International City University of Paris in the house of Mexico, home of Lebanon and the Hellenic Foundation.

Teaching 
As a teacher, since 1981 full professor at the Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz. It has also been a visiting professor at the École nationale des ponts et chaussées ENPC (http://www.enpc.fr) and lecturer on issues of Computer Aided Design CAD, industrial creativity, business incubators and launch of business (start-up) in universities, higher education institutions and colleges of engineering in Mexico and France.

Academic positions 
In the Secretary of Public Education SEP, he was director of the Instituto Tecnológico de Pachuca ITP http://www.itpachuca . edu.mx) and the Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz and Assistant Director of Graduate and Research Directorate General of Technology DGEST www.dgest.gob.mx.

Publications 
 Founding Editor of the journal "Gestión Tecnológica" disseminator of science and technology of the Directorate General of Technology, 1987.
 Founding Editor of the magazine "Factor Tecnológico", organ of diffusion of science and technology of the Instituto Tecnológico de Pachuca Hidalgo, 1984.
 Doctoral Thesis "MGIT A géométrique Modeleur Tridimensionnel Interactif", June 1981.
 Publication "Interactive Construction of Volumes" Days of Production ADEPA June 1981. Toulouse, France.
 Study "Identification Process Model for Method. " Company ADERSE / Gerbi. Velizay-Villacoublay, France. Study Group on Bio-Systems. June 1979.
 Thesis of Engineering Economic Decisions and Administrative Changes to Operating Level of a company. "Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz, 1977.

1952 births
Living people
Mexican engineers
People from Veracruz
Titanic Engineers' Memorial. The Titanic Engineers' Memorial is a memorial in East (Andrews) Park, Southampton, United Kingdom, to the engineers who died in the Titanic disaster on 15 April 1912. The bronze and granite memorial was originally unveiled by Sir Archibald Denny, president of the Institute of Marine Engineers on 22 April 1914. The event was attended by an estimated 100,000 Southampton residents.

History

Joseph Bell was the Chief Engineer Officer on the RMS Titanic. His staff consisted of 24 engineers, 6 electrical engineers, two boilermakers, a plumber and a clerk. None survived the sinking.

The monument was originally erected with funding from worldwide donations. It was designed and built by Whitehead and Son of the Imperial Works, Kennington Oval in London. Ferdinand Victor Blundstone was the sculptor. It is officially a Grade II listed building. It features a bronze statue of Nike, the Greek Winged Goddess of Victory, created by Trieste-born sculptor Romeo Rathmann, and carvings which represent the engineer officers of the ship, who died in the disaster. The stone of the monument is Kemnay Granite.

On a sunny afternoon on 22 April 1914, 100,000 people gathered in Andrews Park, Southampton to witness the unveiling of the memorial to the engineers who had died on the Titanic two years earlier. The bronze and granite structure was draped in the Union flag. Unveiling the statue, Sir Archibald Denny said:

"By the manner of their deaths [the engineers] carried out one of the finest traditions of our race."

"They must have known that pumping could do no more than delay the final catastrophe, yet they stuck pluckily to their duty."

"Driven back from boiler-room to boiler-room, fighting for every inch of draught to give time for the launching of the boats, not one of those brave officers was saved."

The monument bears the following inscription:

The monument was restored in 2010 in a joint venture between Southampton City Council and TV production company Twenty Twenty Television. Almost opposite the main memorial, on the corner of Cumberland Place and London Road, is the Titanic Musicians' Memorial to Wallace Hartley and the other musicians who played on the Titanic.

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links
 The Titanic Engineers, by Dr. Denis Griffiths
 Virtual Tour of Titanic Engineers' Memorial
 Maritime.com Titanic Engineers' Memorial, Southampton
A Last Bright Shining Lie by Senan Molony 
 Titanic-Titanic.com
 BBC Archive: Titanic
 Titanic Historical Society
 RMS Titanic, Inc Corporate information and the official Titanic archive
 Surviving the Titanic  – slideshow by Life magazine

Buildings and structures in Southampton
RMS Titanic memorials
Outdoor sculptures in England
Grade II listed buildings in Hampshire
Monuments and memorials in Hampshire
Buildings and structures completed in 1914
1914 sculptures
Bronze sculptures in England
Granite sculptures in the United Kingdom
1914 establishments in England
Statues in England
Tourist attractions in Southampton
Orb Swarm. Orb Swarm (also known simply as SWARM) is a kinetic art work consisting of six semi-autonomous spherical robots. It was created in 2007 by a group of engineers and artists including Michael Prados, Jon Foote, Lee Sonko, and many others.  
Orb Swarm was inspired by previous work in robotics and kinetic art, and seeks to emulate swarm behavior in nature and human dancing. Nearly all of the hardware and software in the project is open source, and others are encouraged to build upon the project's efforts.

Technology

Each orb is driven by two motors, one for drive and one for steering. The shell is made of welded, water jet cut aluminum, and it moves by pushing against the weight of the batteries inside. For guidance and control, there is a GPS module, an IMU, dead reckoning, and a computer running Linux.

Each orb has several banks of full color LEDs and a sound system that are controlled programmatically.

Performances

Orb Swarm first appeared at Burning Man in 2007.  Other performances have included Maker Faire, Coachella, the California Academy of Sciences Nightlife, Robogames, and the Techkriti festival in Kanpur, India.

References

External links
 Orb Swarm Wiki

2007 robots
Open-source robots
Spherical orb robots
Robots of the United States