omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Argonaut (disambiguation). An Argonaut is a hero in Greek mythology.

Argonaut or Argonauts may also refer to:

Transportation 
 Argonaut, a 1961 yacht build by Trojan Yachts
 Argonaut (submarine), a class of submarines built by engineer Simon Lake
 , several submarines of the United States Navy
 , several ships of the Royal Navy
 , a cargo ship
 Argonaut (train), a train operated between Los Angeles and New Orleans
 Argonaut (aircraft), a variant of the Canadair North Star airliner
 Argonaut (automobile), an American automobile manufactured from 1959 to 1963

Companies 
 Argonaut Games, a British video game company
 Argonaut Mine, a defunct gold mine in Jackson, California
 Argonaut Resources, Australian mining company drilling for minerals at Lake Torrens, South Australia

Publications 
 The Argonaut, a former literary journal based in San Francisco
The Argonaut, the student newspaper of the University of Idaho
The Argonaut, a community newspaper in Los Angeles published by Southland Publishing
The Argonauts, a 2015 book by Maggie Nelson

Sports
 Argonauts F.C., an amateur football club based in London
 Argonaut Rowing Club, a rowing club in Toronto, Ontario
 Toronto Argonauts, a team in the Canadian Football League
 Antwerp Argonauts, an amateur American football team based in Antwerp, Belgium
 West Florida Argonauts, collegiate football team, former NCAA Division 2 Champions, based in Pensacola, Florida.

Other uses 
 Argonaut (animal), pelagic octopuses of the genus Argonauta
 Argonaut Conference, the code name for the Yalta Conference, a 1945 wartime meeting between Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and Joseph Stalin
 Argonaut, a person who took part in the California Gold Rush
 Argonaut High School, a high school in Jackson, California, named for the nearby Argonaut Mine
 Argonaut, a member of the Argonauts Club, an Australian children's radio program
 Argonauts of Saint Nicholas, a military order in Naples
 Argonaut class reactor, a type of small nuclear research reactor
 Argonaut Island, local name Ulleungdo, a South Korean island
 VFA-147, a United States Navy squadron
 Argonaut Building, an office building in Detroit, Michigan
 "Argonaut", code name assigned to Ron "Captain Clarinet" Peterson in the comic book series PS238
 Argonaut, a fictional spaceship in the anime series Heroic Age
 Argonaut (lunar lander)

See also

 Argonauta (disambiguation)
 Argonaute, a family of proteins
 French ship Argonaute, several French Navy ships
 Argonotes, the unofficial band of the Toronto Argonauts
 Dragonaut: The Resonance, an anime series
 Uronautes, a dubious genus of extinct plesiosaur
PDS. PDS can refer to:

Entertainment
 Partially Deceased Syndrome, a fictional condition in BBC show In the Flesh
 Panzer Dragoon Saga, a 1998 video game

Computing
 Partitioned data sets, IBM
 Passive data structure, another term for record
 Processor Direct Slot, in some old Macintosh computers
 Personal data service, services to let individuals manage their own personal data by themselves
 Protective distribution system, a safeguarded telecommunication system
 Microsoft BASIC Professional Development System (PDS), a superset of QuickBASIC
 Paradox Development Studios, a game developer subsidiary of Paradox Interactive

Medical
 Paroxysmal depolarizing shift, a pre-seizure interictal neuronal EEG spike in epilepsy.
 Pigment dispersion syndrome, an affliction of the eye
 Polydioxanone, a type of absorbable suture
 Pleomorphic dermal sarcoma, a form of histiocytoma

Political parties
 Party of Democratic Socialism (Partei des Demokratischen Sozialismus), a defunct political party of Germany
 Social Democracy Party of Albania
 Party of Democratic Socialism (India)
 Party of the Sicilians
 Progressive Democrats, a defunct political party of Ireland
 Democratic Party of the Left (Partito Democratico della Sinistra), a defunct political party of Italy
 Senegalese Democratic Party (Parti Démocratique Sénégalais), a political party of Senegal
 Sudanese Democratic Party (Parti Démocratique Soudanais), a defunct political party of Sudan
 Democratic Social Party (Partido Democrático Social), a defunct political party of Brazil
 Prosperous Peace Party (Partai Damai Sejahtera), a political party of Indonesia
 Parti de la Democratie Socialiste, a defunct provincial political party of Quebec, Canada

Schools
 Princeton Day School, New Jersey, US
 Peabody Demonstration School, former school in Nashville, Tennessee, US
 Presbyterian Day School, Memphis, Tennessee, US
 Providence Day School, Charlotte, North Carolina, US
 Patumwan Demonstration School, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand

Scientific
 Photothermal deflection spectroscopy
 Planetary Data System, a NASA data archive system 
 Polydioxanone, a synthetic polymer
 15-Cis-phytoene desaturase, an enzyme
 Poincaré dodecahedral space

Other
 Particularly dangerous situation, special emphasis phrase in weather bulletins from the National Weather Service
 Piedras Negras International Airport, IATA code PDS
 Precision Drill Squad, a skilled military performance of Singapore
 Product design specification
 Public distribution system, Indian food distribution system
 The Philip DeFranco Show, on YouTube
 Permanent Duty Station, in the United States military forces (see temporary duty assignment)
Femtosecond. A femtosecond is a unit of time in the International System of Units (SI) equal to 10 or  of a second; that is, one quadrillionth, or one millionth of one billionth, of a second. 

A femtosecond is to a second, as a second is to approximately 31.69 million years.

For context, a ray of light travels approximately 0.3 μm (micrometers) in 1 femtosecond, a distance comparable to the diameter of a virus. The first to make femtosecond measurements was the Egyptian Nobel Laureate Ahmed Zewail, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1999. Professor Zewail used lasers to measure the movement of particles at the femtosecond scale, thereby allowing chemical reactions to be observed for the first time.

The word femtosecond is formed by the SI prefix femto and the SI unit second. Its symbol is fs.

A femtosecond is equal to 1000 attoseconds, or 1/1000 picosecond. Because the next higher SI unit is 1000 times larger, times of 10−14 and 10−13 seconds are typically expressed as tens or hundreds of femtoseconds.

 Typical time steps for molecular dynamics simulations are on the order of 1 fs.
 The periods of the waves of visible light have a duration of about 2 femtoseconds.  The precise duration depends on the energy of the photons, which determines their color. (See wave–particle duality.)  This time can be calculated by dividing the wavelength of the light by the speed of light (approximately 3×108 m/s) to determine the time required for light to travel that distance.

Examples
 46 fs – the swiftest chemical reaction known (radiolysis of water leads to the formation of a H2O+ ion, which rapidly reacts to become hydronium (H3O+) and a short lived hydroxyl radical (•OH))
 200 fs – the average chemical reaction, such as the reaction of pigments in an eye to light
 300 fs – the duration of a vibration of the atoms in an iodine molecule

See also 
 Femtochemistry
 Femtosecond pulse shaping
 Ultrafast laser spectroscopy
 Mode-locking
 Microsecond
 Millisecond
 Nanosecond
 Orders of magnitude (time)
 Ahmed Zewail

References 

Orders of magnitude (time)

de:Sekunde#Abgeleitete Maßeinheiten
fr:1 E-15 s
TX-2. The MIT Lincoln Laboratory TX-2 computer was the successor to the Lincoln TX-0 and was known for its role in advancing both artificial intelligence and human–computer interaction. Wesley A. Clark was the chief architect of the TX-2.

Specifications 
The TX-2 was a transistor-based computer using the then-huge amount of 64K 36-bit words of magnetic-core memory. The TX-2 became operational in 1958. Because of its powerful capabilities, Ivan Sutherland's revolutionary Sketchpad program was developed for and ran on the TX-2. One of its key features was the ability to directly interact with the computer through a graphical display.

The compiler was developed by Lawrence Roberts while he was studying at the MIT Lincoln Laboratory.

Relationship with DEC 
Digital Equipment Corporation was a spin-off of the TX-0 and TX-2 projects.  The TX-2 Tape System was a block addressable 1/2" tape developed for the TX-2 by Tom Stockebrand which evolved into LINCtape and DECtape.

Role in creating the Internet 
Dr. Leonard Kleinrock developed the mathematical theory of packet networks which he successfully simulated on the TX-2 computer at Lincoln Lab.

References

External links 
TX-2 documentation at bitsavers.org
Interview with UCLA's Dr. Leonard Kleinrock

One-of-a-kind computers
Transistorized computers
36-bit computers
Sequenced Packet Exchange. Sequenced Packet Exchange (SPX) is a protocol in the IPX/SPX protocol stack that corresponds to a connection-oriented transport layer protocol in the OSI model. Being reliable and connection-oriented, it is analogous to the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) of TCP/IP, but it is a datagram protocol, rather than a stream protocol.

SPX packet structure

Each SPX packet begins with a header with the following structure:

The Connection Control fields contains 4 single-bit flags:

The Datastream Type serves to close the SPX connection. For this purpose two values are used:

External links
 SPX, Sequenced Packet Exchange
 IPX / SPX Packet Structures

Novell NetWare
Transport layer protocols
RISC (disambiguation). RISC is an abbreviation for reduced instruction set computer.

RISC or Risc may also refer to:

Computing
 Berkeley RISC
 Classic RISC pipeline, early RISC architecture 
 CompactRISC, National Semiconductor family of RISC architectures
 MIPS RISC/os, a discontinued UNIX operating system developed by MIPS Computer Systems
 OpenRISC, a project to develop a series of open-source hardware
 PA-RISC, an instruction set architecture developed by Hewlett-Packard
 Research Institute for Symbolic Computation in Linz, Austria
 RISC iX, discontinued UNIX operating system
 RISC OS, operating system created by Acorn Computers
 RISC OS character set, used in the Acorn Archimedes
 History of RISC OS, Acorn Computers OS history
 RISC OS Open Ltd., (ROOL) a company engaged in computer software and IT consulting
 Risc PC, Acorn computer launched in 1994
 RISC-V, an open-source hardware instruction set architecture (ISA) based on established reduced instruction set computer (RISC) principles.

Other
 RNA-induced silencing complex, a multiprotein complex involved in gene silencing
 Rockwell Integrated Sciences Center, a building on the campus of Lafayette College.

See also
Risk (disambiguation)
Climate of the Alps. The climate of the Alps is the climate, or average weather conditions over a long period of time, of the exact middle Alpine region of Europe. As air rises from sea level to the upper regions of the atmosphere the temperature decreases. The effect of mountain topography on prevailing winds is to force warm air from the lower region into an upper zone where it expands in volume at the cost of a proportionate loss of heat, often accompanied by the precipitation of moisture in the form of snow, rain or hail.

Climate as a function of elevation

Because air cools as it rises, the climate of the Alps is strongly dependent on the elevation. The Alps contain a number of different kinds of climate zones, by elevation. These zones can be described by the Köppen climate classification, and also correspond to the biotic zones of the Alps.

Up to approximately  of elevation, the climate is classified as oceanic or Cfb under the Köppen system. Like much of lowland northern Europe, the summers are mild and the winters are cool, but not cold. The climate is moderated by proximity to the Atlantic Ocean. The climate creates the colline biotic zone in the lowlands, which is characterized by the deciduous forest of the Western European broadleaf forests ecoregion.

Between approximately , the climate changes to either a humid continental climate (Dfb under the Köppen system), or a subpolar oceanic climate (Cfc), depending on location. As elevation increases, the winters become colder and the summers become shorter. A mixture of conifer and deciduous trees occupy this montane zone, leading to a change in ecoregion to Alps conifer and mixed forests.

Between approximately , the climate becomes subarctic (Dfc under the Köppen system), with even shorter summers. The shorter growing season shifts the forest to be purely coniferous.

At about , the climate becomes too cold to support trees, and is classified as an alpine climate (ET under the Köppen system). The summers become cool and only grasses and low plants are adapted to grow. This alpine climate extends to approximately .

Above approximately , the climate transitions to an ice cap climate, where the mean temperature from 1976-2000 was always below . At these altitudes, no plants can grow and the ground is either rock or ice. At 3571m and from 1991 through 2020, Jungfraujoch had an ET climate, with an August mean temperature of . Glaciers, such as the Aletsch Glacier, still surround Jungfrau, but are starting to melt due to climate change.

References

 
Alps
Alps
Ecology of the Alps
CIE. CIE may refer to:

Organizations
 Cambridge International Examinations, an international examination board
 Center for International Education at the University of Massachusetts-Amherst
 Cleveland Institute of Electronics, a private technical and engineering educational institution
 International Commission on Illumination (Commission internationale de l'éclairage)
 Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (C.I.E.)
 Computability in Europe, an international organization of computability theorists, computer scientists, mathematicians
 CIÉ (Córas Iompair Éireann), the Irish state transport authority
 Council on Islamic Education
 Transportes Aéreos Cielos Andinos, ICAO code: CIE
 Civil Information and Education Section (CIE), General Headquarters, the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers in Japan (1945–1952)

Science and technology
 CIE 1931 color space, one of the first mathematically defined color spaces, created by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) in 1931
 , Spanish for International Classification of Diseases
 Commercial Information Exchange, a real estate database for commercial properties, similar to a residential Multiple Listing Service (MLS)
 Computer Interrupt Equipment, a form of discrete interrupt controller in Ferranti computers
 Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma, a skin disease
 Control and Indicating Equipment
 Carbon Isotope Excursion, a rapid release of carbon to the ocean or atmosphere.

Other uses
 Corpus Inscriptionum Etruscarum, the known body of Etruscan inscriptions
 Cie, the abbreviation for the French  ("company")

See also

 LaCie (), a computer equipment company
 
 
 
 CIES (disambiguation)
DCE. DCE may refer to:

Science 

 Dichloroethanes, organic solvents
 Dichloroethenes, also called dichloroethylene, organic solvents
 Dynamic contrast enhanced, a type of perfusion MRI

Computing 

 Data circuit-terminating equipment, also called data communication(s) equipment or data carrier equipment
 Data Center Ethernet
 Distributed Computing Environment, a specification from The Open Group
 Dead-code elimination, a kind of compiler optimization
 Digital Consumer Enablement, a non-neutral term for Digital rights management

Organisations 

 Delhi College of Engineering, University of Delhi, India
 Dalian Commodity Exchange
 Drum Corps Europe

Other uses 

 Daly Cherry-Evans
 Digital currency exchanger
BTR Aerospace Group. BTR Aerospace Group was a group of four companies formed in 1985 by BTR plc after the acquisition of the Dunlop Aviation Division from Dunlop Rubber. It comprised Dunlop Aviation Division, Aero Engine Equipment, Dunlop Precision Rubber, and Standard Aero (Canada).

In 1996, Dunlop Aircraft Tyres Limited was sold by BTR plc to form an independent company. It is based at Fort Dunlop, Birmingham, England. 

In July 1998, Doughty Hanson & Co purchased BTR Aerospace Group and renamed it Dunlop Standard Aerospace Group.

References 

Former defence companies of the United Kingdom
Aerospace companies of the United Kingdom
Aerospace companies of Canada
Dunlop Standard Aerospace Group. Dunlop Standard Aerospace Group Ltd. was formed in 1998 from the assets of BTR Aerospace Group when they were purchased by Doughty Hanson & Co.

In 2004 the company was sold and split into two.  The Carlyle Group, a private equity firm, acquired the Standard Aero division, now known as StandardAero.  StandardAero is an aviation maintenance, repair and overhaul company headquartered in Tempe, Arizona.

Meggitt plc acquired the Dunlop Aerospace Design and Manufacturing division.

See also 
Aerospace industry in the United Kingdom

References

External links
StandardAero company website
Dunlop Aerospace website

Aerospace companies of the United Kingdom
Former defence companies of the United Kingdom
Manufacturing companies of Canada
Aerospace companies of Canada
Manufacturing companies established in 1998
Manufacturing companies disestablished in 2004
British companies established in 1998
Databus. Databus may refer to:
 Bus (computing), a communication system that transfers data between different components in a computer or between different computers
 Memory bus, a bus between the computer and the memory
 PCI bus, a bus between motherboard and peripherals that uses the Peripheral Component Interconnect standard
 USB (Universal Serial Bus), a standard communication protocol used by many portable devices, computer peripherals and storage media
 Programming Language for Business, a business-oriented programming language originally called DATABUS
 the Databus project from DBpedia
RPC. RPC may refer to:

Science and technology
 Rational polynomial coefficient
 Reactive Plastic Curtain, a carbon-dioxide-absorbing device used in some rebreather breathing sets
 Regional Playback Control, a regional lockout technology for DVDs
 Remote procedure call, an inter-process communication technique in networked computing 
 Open Network Computing Remote Procedure Call, IETF RPC, aka "Sun RPC"
 DCE/RPC, for Distributed Computing Environment by Open Software Foundation
 JSON-RPC, a "JSON encoded" variant
 XML-RPC, an "XML encoded" variant
 Resistive plate chamber, a simple type of particle detector used in experimental particle physics
 Reversed-phase chromatography, a chemistry technique
 Acorn Risc PC
 Rocket Pod Container, the interchangeable containers used to transport and launch missiles for use with the M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System
 Rotary phase converter, an electrical machine that converts power from one polyphase system (including frequency) to another, converting through rotary motion.

Organizations
 RPC Group, UK packaging company
 Recorded Picture Company, a British film-production company
 Reformed Presbyterian Church (disambiguation), denominations following a Presbyterian form of Christianity
 Regent's Park College, a permanent private hall of Oxford University
 RPC Fort (Research and Production Company Fort), a Ukrainian weapons manufacturer
 Research Policy Council, the executive management team for the Congressional Research Service, a division of the Library of Congress
 Royal Parks Constabulary, a police force which patrolled the eight Royal Parks of London and a number of other locations in London, 1974–2004
 RPC, Inc., a North American oil services business
 RPC, a Brazilian television network affiliated with TV Globo in the state of Paraná

Law and politics
 Reports of Patent, Design and Trademark Cases, a case-law journal published by the Oxford University Press on behalf of the UK Intellectual Property Office
 Revolutionary Policy Committee, a faction within UK Independent Labour Party during the 1930s
 Reynolds Porter Chamberlain, a law firm based in London
 Revised Penal Code of the Philippines
 Rules of Professional Conduct, relating to U.S. lawyers' ethical rules, see American Bar Association Model Rules of Professional Conduct

Sports
 Russian Paralympic Committee
 RPC, the IPC code used for Russian Olympic Committee athletes:
 Russian Paralympic Committee athletes at the 2020 Summer Paralympics
 Russian Paralympic Committee athletes at the 2022 Winter Paralympics

Other uses
 Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis, a medical condition
 Red Paraguaya de Comunicación, a TV operator in Paraguay
 Rei Publicae Constituendae, part of the title of the members of the second triumvirate, appearing on Roman coins
 République populaire de Chine, República popular China, República popular da China, the French, Spanish and Portuguese names for the People's Republic of China
 RPC, a Panamanian national television network

See also
Cfront. Cfront was the original compiler for C++ (then known as "C with Classes") from around 1983, which converted C++ to C; developed by Bjarne Stroustrup at AT&T Bell Labs. The preprocessor did not understand all of the language and much of the code was written via translations. Cfront had a complete parser, built symbol tables, and built a tree for each class, function, etc. Cfront was based on CPre, a C compiler started in 1979.

As Cfront was written in C++, it was a challenge to bootstrap on a machine without a C++ compiler/translator.  Along with the Cfront C++ sources, a special "half-preprocessed" version of the C code resulting from compiling Cfront with itself was also provided. This C code was to be compiled with the native C compiler, and the resulting executable could then be used to compile the Cfront C++ sources.

Most of the porting effort in getting Cfront running on a new machine was related to standard I/O. Cfront's C++ streams were closely tied in with the C library's buffered I/O streams, but there was little  interaction with the rest of the C environment. The compiler could be ported to most System V derivatives without many changes, but BSD-based systems usually had many more variations in their C libraries and associated stdio structures.

Cfront defined the language until circa 1990, and many of the more obscure corner cases in C++ were related to its C++-to-C translation approach. A few remnants of Cfront's translation method are still found in today's C++ compilers; name mangling was originated by Cfront, as the relatively primitive linkers at the time did not support type information in symbols, and some template instantiation models are derived from Cfront's early efforts. C++ (and Cfront) was directly responsible for many improvements in Unix linkers and  object file formats, as it was the first widely used language which required link-time type checking, weak symbols, and other similar features.

Cfront 4.0 was abandoned in 1993 after a failed attempt to add exception support. The C++ language had grown beyond its capabilities; however a compiler with similar approach became available later, namely Comeau C/C++.

Analogous to the way cfront can process C++ source code into something that can be compiled by previously-available C compilers, cppfront processes source code written in new and experimental C++ 'syntax 2' into something that can be compiled by previously-available 'syntax 1' C++ compilers.  cppfront is different in scope in that it doesn't perform many validity checks on the code, instead relying on the C++ compiler for any checks that would require non-local understanding of the code such as establishing correct use of symbols.  Cfront on the other hand was a complete compiler that just happened to target the C language instead of an assembler.

References 

Notes

External links 
 Cfront Releases at C++ Historical Sources Archive
 cfront v3, the cfront re-port for the 4th edition of Plan 9 from Bell Labs
 Cfront 3.0.3, "AT&T/Bell Labs C++ to C translator from 1994, modified to build on modern hardware"

C++ compilers
Unix programming tools

fr:Cfront