omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Aviasud Mistral. The Aviasud Mistral is a French two-seat ultralight biplane built by Aviasud Engineering. This plane is notable as it has forward swept wings and side-by-side seating.  The lower wings are movable and are used as the roll control (wing leveler).

The aeroplane (along with the Sirocco) was taken over, and is still supported by, Aériane in 1989.

Design and development

The Aviasud Mistral was designed by two Belgian engineers, Francois Goethals and Bernard d'Otreppe.

The prototype first flew in May 1985, and the aircraft entered production with AviaSud engineering in Fréjus, with the first production model having its maiden flight in February 1986.  Aviasud has built more than 200 Mistrals, it has also been built by Ultraleger Industria Aeronáutica Ltda in Brasil.

The Mistral is a biplane of mixed wooden and composite construction, with forward swept wings, with the all-moving lower wings used as large ailerons, and a conventional, all-moving tailplane. It has a fixed tricycle landing gear and a nose-mounted Rotax piston engine. The Mistral has an enclosed cockpit with two side-by-side seats forward of the wings.

On May 4, 1987, an Aviasud Mistral was flown to the geographic North Pole by Nicolas Hulot, a world first for this type of aircraft.

Variants

Mistral
Original version with 47 kW Rotax 532 engine.
Mistral 503
Low powered, economy version with 37 kW (50 hp) Rotax 503 engine. 
AE 206 Mistral
Basic version, powered by 48 kW (64 hp) Rotax 582 engine.
AE 206 US
"Ultra Silent" version with larger, lower geared propeller. 
AE 207 Mistral Twin
Twin engined version for advertising and surveillance work, with additional, pusher Rotax 503 engine above wing. 30 built by 1999.

Specifications (AE 206)

References

Notes

Bibliography
 Lambert, Mark (ed.). Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1993-94. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Data Division, 1993. .
 Taylor, John W.R. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1988-89. Jane's Defence Data, 1988. .  
 Taylor, Michael J.H. (ed.). Brassey's World Aircraft & Systems Directory 1999/2000. London:Brassey's, 1999. .
 (in Dutch)

1980s French ultralight aircraft
Light-sport aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1985
Forward-swept-wing aircraft
Folland Midge. The Folland Midge was a small, swept-wing British subsonic light fighter aircraft prototype originally developed as a concept demonstrator for the successful Folland Gnat.

Design and development
The Midge and Gnat were the creation of W.E.W. "Teddy" Petter, a British aircraft designer who had gained wide recognition for his design of the English Electric Canberra bomber and Lightning supersonic interceptor. Petter had grown suspicious of the trend towards bigger and more expensive combat aircraft, and he felt that a small, simple fighter would offer the advantages of low purchase and operational costs. New lightweight turbojet engines were being developed that would be able to power such small fighters.

Petter was unable to pursue this vision at English Electric, so he left to become managing director and chief designer of Folland Aircraft. In 1951, using company funds, he began work on his lightweight fighter concept, which was designated the "Fo-141 Gnat". The Gnat was to be powered by a Bristol BE.22 Saturn turbojet with  thrust. However, the Saturn was cancelled, and so Petter's unarmed proof-of-concept demonstrator for the Gnat was powered by the less powerful Armstrong Siddeley Viper 101 with  thrust. The demonstrator was designated Fo-139 "Midge". The Midge, serial number G-39-1, first flew on 11 August 1954 from Boscombe Down, Wiltshire, with Teddy Tennant at the controls, and proved to be an excellent aircraft.

The Midge had a number of advanced features, such as hydraulically powered "flaperons", main landing gear that could be used as airbrakes, and a one-piece canopy that hinged over an inner armoured windscreen. Despite the low-powered engine, the little jet could break Mach 1 in a dive and was very agile.

The Midge was evaluated by pilots from Canada, India, Jordan, New Zealand, and the US Air Force, and was almost universally praised. The Midge had performed a total of 220 flights when it was destroyed in a fatal crash on 26 September 1955, with a Swiss pilot at the controls. However, the Midge had demonstrated that Petter's lightweight fighter concept had much going for it. Folland went on to develop a full-scale Gnat prototype, also using company funds.

Original film footage of the Midge can be seen in the 1956 British science fiction film Satellite in the Sky. The Midge portrays a fictional jet fighter used to test an experimental rocket fuel.

Specifications

See also

Notes

References
Folland Midge
Gnat Mk 1
Folland Midge and Gnat

External links
Flightglobal 1954 (pdf) Image of Folland Midge, Flight magazine, 1954

1950s British experimental aircraft
Midge
Single-engined jet aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1954
Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear
Shoulder-wing aircraft
Gatard Statoplan Pigeon. The Gatard Statoplan AG 04 Pigeon was a light utility aircraft developed in France in the 1970s. It was a high-wing strut-braced monoplane with fixed tailwheel undercarriage. The wings could be quickly folded to facilitate storage or towing. As with Gatard's previous Poussin, the Pigeon was built around an unconventional flight control system that relied on varying its wings' camber to provide most of its climb, rather than their angle of attack. A prototype, registered F-WYBB flew in 1976, and although it was intended to market the design to homebuilders, this did not transpire.

Specifications

References
 
 

1970s French civil utility aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Gatard aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1976
Impact insulation class. Impact insulation class (or IIC) is an  integer-number rating of how well a building floor attenuates impact sounds, such as footsteps.  A larger number means more attenuation.  The scale, like the decibel scale for sound, is logarithmic. The IIC is derived from ASTM method E989, which in turn uses a tapping machine specified in ASTM method E492.

The IIC number is derived from sound attenuation values tested at sixteen standard frequencies from 100 to 3150 Hz. "Real world" footstep noise is also generated at frequencies below 100 Hz, so the IIC value may not accurately describe the complete noise attenuation profile of a floor.

References

Sound measurements
Zektor. Zektor is a multidirectional shooter arcade video game created by Sega Electronics and released in 1982. It challenges the player to pilot a space ship in a quest to recapture eight different cities that have been captured by alien robots. The robots' dialogue is spoken through speech synthesis.

Gameplay 
There are eight cities to reclaim in Zektor. The robots personally name their conquered city in the level's opening challenge to the player.

The Defense grid is a zone outside the city where the player must take on dangerous Roboprobes that are highly maneuverable and fire "Zizzers" (energy blasts) at the player as well as moving Moboids that either destroy the player's ship on contact or deflect the player's ship in some preprogrammed manner. The defense grid lasts for three attack waves which must be outlasted to advance to the next challenge: the destruction of the Robot overlord that controls the city.

Destroying the Robot

With the three attack waves of the Defense Grid overcome, the player gets to destroy the robot overlord and free the city. The Robot in question starts at the center of the screen behind three rotating barriers. Each barrier has a slot on one of its sides and when all three align they form a channel in which the player can fire through and thus hit and destroy the Robot head inside. To make things more challenging the Robot fires "Zizzers" constantly at the player and the Robot shrinks inside the barrier system so that only anything but a direct hit dead center will ensure success. Destroying the robot not only saves the city but awards the player with an extra ship. When the Robot shrinks completely from sight the round is over and the player is moved to the next city. Once the player reaches the eighth city this wave will repeat indefinitely.

Legacy 
Zektor is included as an unlockable game in the PlayStation 2 version of Sega Genesis Collection.

External links 
 
 Zektor at Arcade History
 Zektor at Arcade Flyers

1982 video games
Arcade video games
Arcade-only video games
Gremlin Industries games
Multidirectional shooters
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Multiplayer hotseat games
Sega arcade games
Vector arcade video games
Video games developed in the United States
Alexander Dinghas. Alexander Dinghas (February 9, 1908 – April 19, 1974) was a Greek mathematician.

Biography
Dinghas was born on February 9, 1908, in Smyrna (now İzmir), Turkey. He did his schooling in Smyrna. He and his family moved to Athens in 1922.

Dinghas completed his secondary school and entered the National Technical University of Athens in 1925. He graduated with a diploma in electrical and mechanical engineering in 1930.

In 1931 Dinghas began his studies at the University of Berlin in Berlin, Germany. He completed his doctorate in mathematics in 1936. He studied under Erhard Schmidt.

Dinghas was not a German and his career during the Nazi years was very difficult. However, after the end of World War II, his luck changed. He became professor of mathematics at the Humboldt University of Berlin in 1947. From 1949 until his death he was a professor of mathematics at the Free University of Berlin and director of the Mathematical Institute there.

Dinghas died on April 19, 1974, in Berlin, Germany.

Work
Dinghas is known for his work in different areas of mathematics including differential equations, functions of a complex variable, functions of several complex variables, measure theory and differential geometry. His most important contribution was his work in function theory, in particular Nevanlinna theory and the growth of subharmonic functions.

Selected works
 Vorlesungen über Funktionentheorie, Springer 1961
 Minkowskische Summen und Integrale. Superadditive Mengenfunktionale. Isoperimetrische Ungleichungen (1961)
 Einführung in die Cauchy-Weierstrass'sche Funktionentheorie, BI, 1968 
 Zur Differentialgeometrie der klassischen Fundamentalbereiche, Springer 1974

References

External links 
 Alexander Dinghas 

1908 births
1974 deaths
20th-century Greek mathematicians
Academic staff of the Free University of Berlin
Humboldt University of Berlin alumni
Academic staff of the Humboldt University of Berlin
National Technical University of Athens alumni
Smyrniote Greeks
Anabond. Anabond  is the registered brand name of products manufactured by Anabond Limited, a company headquartered in Thiruvanmiyur, Chennai, India. It manufactures engineering adhesives and sealants which are used in automobile and engineering product manufacturing, electrical and electronic products manufacturing and maintenance of these equipment's. Anabond was the first company in India to manufacture anaerobic adhesives and sealants.

Anabond was established by J. Vijayakumar scientist from the Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR), Kalpakkam in 1979 after he resigned from IGCAR. Now it has over 500 people working in various functions. It has fully dedicated R&D centre at Perungudi, Chennai and production facilities in Chennai, Puducherry and Assam . The R&D centre carries out research in different areas such as anaerobic adhesives (anaerobic sealants), epoxies, silicone sealants, and rubber-based adhesives. They also collaborated with Indian Space Research Organisation and Defence Research and Development Organisation in developing products for them to use in their space and missile programmes.

References

External links
Official Website
Waterproof Glue

Adhesives
Manufacturing companies established in 1979
Indian companies established in 1979
Manufacturing companies based in Chennai
1979 establishments in Tamil Nadu
Aberthaw Lime Works. Aberthaw Lime Works is a derelict structure, located on the South Wales coast, between Fontygary Bay and Aberthaw Power Station. The structure is a Grade II Listed Building. The structure is considered a listed building because it is a well preserved structure from an important regional industry. 
 
The Aberthaw Lime Works was opened on 22 December 1888, by the Aberthaw Pebble Limestone Company.  It was built to utilise the huge number of Limestone Pebbles that had previously been taken inland or been moved by boat. The Lime Works operated until 1926. The Lime works brought a new scale of working to the lime industry which was really just a cottage industry in the area previously. 

The local limestone and brick structure is still largely intact, although it is missing most of its wooden components. It contains 2 vertical pot draw kilns each holding up to 300 tons each, which could produce up to 40 tons of burnt lime a day.  Next to the main structure, there are 2 pot kilns which are also largely intact. These Kilns were built later than the main structure, but also ceased operation in 1926.

The lime works were originally served by a tramway, which ran from the direction of Rhoose (east of the lime works). It passed either side of the now demolished winch house. A tramway ramp (again demolished) allowed carts containing pebbles between 3 &  in diameter to be conveyed to the top of the works and then into the kilns.

Aberthaw Lime 
Aberthaw Lime is well known for being Hydraulic lime. A 1 to 1 mixture of Aberthaw Lime and Pozzolana was reported to be considered for the construction of the Eddystone Lighthouse. However, it would seem that although he tested using Aberthaw Lime, John Smeaton actually used lime from Watchet. It was the subject of an important series of experiments in 1756-7 undertaken by John Smeaton to test the setting qualities of lime in sea water preparatory to designing and building the Eddystone lighthouse. The fame it got from its use at the Eddystone and other lighthouses naturally led to increased demand which could not be fully met until this major new works was built. The arrival of the railway enabled it to be properly serviced with the necessary coal for firing, as well as the ability to transport the lime away.

Architecture of Aberthaw Lime Works 
Interior
Kilns lined with firebrick, with stone lined tunnels and iron doors.

Exterior
Coursed quarry faced local limestone rubble with red brick quoins. Tall (about 20m) battered walls with two semi-circular openings on the west side and charge holes on top. A pair of very large and massively built lime kilns, which brought a new scale of working to the lime burning industry, being able to burn 300 tons of limestone at a time. The kilns were charged automatically via a tramway and a tipping device, which brought waggon loads of lime and coal directly to the charge holes on the top.

See also 
Aberthaw
Aberthaw Cement Works

References

External links 
 The Lime Works on Google Maps

Buildings and structures in the Vale of Glamorgan
Lime kilns in Wales
EMD GM6C. The GM6C was a solitary testbed electric locomotive for freight duties built by General Motors' Electro-Motive Division of the United States in collaboration with ASEA of Sweden. It was rolled out from EMD's La Grange, Illinois plant on May 1, 1975. Equipped with close to standard C-C HTC trucks and traction motors, it was designed for lower-speed drag freight service.

Motives
At the time, high oil prices had a number of large US railroads contemplating electrification of their most heavily used lines, while the only major US railroad with freight-hauling electrification, the Penn Central, had a fleet of aging locomotives needing replacement.

Circumstances changed after the GM6C and GM10B locomotives were developed; oil prices declined, which wiped out the interest freight railroads had in electrification, while diesel locomotive power and adhesion were improved.

Meanwhile, the bankruptcy of Penn Central led to the division of the railroad's physical plant between Amtrak, which inherited much of the electrified region, and Conrail. The two locomotives became surplus to requirements and were returned to EMD, remaining in the LaGrange plant's yard until scrapping in the mid-1980s.

The BC Rail GF6C locomotives used similar technology to the GM6C but had a wide-nose cab and carbody.

References

GM06C
C-C locomotives
Electric locomotives of the United States
Experimental locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1975
Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
11 kV AC locomotives
25 kV AC locomotives
50 kV AC locomotives
Friedrich Heeren. Friedrich Heeren (11 August 1803 – 2 May 1885) was a German chemist.

He received his doctorate in Göttingen, and from 1831 was an instructor of technological-chemical subjects at the Polytechnic School in Hannover (Höheren Gewerbeschule). Here he taught classes in physics, mineralogy and chemistry.

With technologist Karl Karmarsch (1803-1879), he published a technical dictionary (Technisches Wörterbuch). Also, with Karmarsch, he developed a process for the preparation of gun cotton. In 1881 he introduced an apparatus for the testing of milk (lactometer, patent# 241655).

References

External links 

1803 births
1885 deaths
19th-century German chemists
University of Göttingen alumni
Scientists from Hamburg
Mausezahn. (, German for "mouse tooth") is a fast network traffic generator written in C which allows the user to craft nearly every possible and "impossible" packet. Since version 0.31 Mausezahn is open source in terms of the GPLv2. Herbert Haas, the original developer of Mausezahn, died on 25 June 2011. The project has been incorporated into the netsniff-ng toolkit, and continues to be developed there.

Typical applications of Mausezahn include:

 Testing or stressing IP multicast networks
 Penetration testing of firewalls and IDS
 Finding weaknesses in network software or appliances
 Creation of malformed packets to verify whether a system processes a given protocol correctly
 Didactical demonstrations as lab utility

Mausezahn allows sending an arbitrary sequence of bytes directly out of the network interface card. An integrated
packet builder provides a simple command line interface for more complicated packets. Since version 0.38, Mausezahn offers a multi-threaded mode with Cisco-style command line interface.

Features 

As of version 0.38 Mausezahn supports the following features:

 Jitter measurement via Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) packets
 VLAN tagging (arbitrary number of tags)
 MPLS label stacks (arbitrary number of labels)
 BPDU packets as used by the Spanning Tree Protocol (PVST+ is also supported)
 Cisco Discovery Protocol messages
 Link Layer Discovery Protocol messages
 IGMP version 1 and 2 query and report messages
 DNS messages
 ARP messages
 IP, UDP, and TCP header creation
 ICMP packets 
 Syslog messages
 Address, port, and TCP sequence number sweeps
 Random MAC or IP addresses, FQDN addresses
 A very high packet transmission rate (approximately 100,000 packets per second)

Mausezahn only sends exactly the packet the user has specified. Therefore, it is rather less suited for vulnerability audits where additional algorithms are required to detect open ports behind a firewall and to automatically evade intrusion detection systems (IDS). However, a network administrator could implement audit routines via a script that utilizes Mausezahn for creating the actual packets.

Platforms 

Mausezahn currently runs only on Linux systems and there are no plans to port it to the Windows operating system.

See also
 Traffic generation model
 Nessus
 Nmap

References

External links 

Official/new website

Computer security software
Free network management software
Linux-only free software
Free software programmed in C
Knelson concentrator. A Knelson concentrator is a type of gravity concentration apparatus, predominantly used in the gold mining industry. It is used for the recovery of fine particles of free gold, meaning gold that does not require gold cyanidation for recovery.

Operation
The machines utilise the principles of a centrifuge to enhance the gravitational force experienced by feed particles to effect separation based on particle density. The key components of the unit are a cone shaped "concentrate" bowl, rotated at high speed by an electric motor and a pressurized water jacket encompassing the bowl. Feed material, typically from a ball mill discharge or cyclone underflow bleed, is fed as a slurry toward the centre of the bowl from above. The feed slurry contacts the base plate of the vessel and, due to its rotation, is thrust outward. The outer extremities of the concentrate bowl house a series of ribs and between each pair of ribs is a groove. During operation the lighter material flows upward over the grooves and heavy mineral particles (usually of economic value) become trapped within them. Pressurized water is injected through a series of tangential water inlets along the perimeter of each groove to maintain a fluidized bed of particles in which heavy mineral particles can be efficiently concentrated. The Knelson concentrator typically operates as a batch process, with lighter gangue material being continuously discharged via overflow and a heavy mineral concentrate periodically removed by flushing the bowl with water.

History
The first Knelson concentrator was developed by Byron Knelson in 1980.

Mines
Knelson concentrators are used in a number of gold mines operated by AngloGold Ashanti, like Geita, Sunrise Dam and the Serra Grande Gold Mine as well as Barrick's TGO Tomingley Gold Operation Bulyanhulu Gold Mine.

References

External links
 Knelson website
 Gold Metallurgy website

Centrifuges
Mining equipment
Gold mining
Water scoop (hydropower). A water scoop is a simple hydropower machine – that is, a machine used to extract power from the flow of water. Unlike a water wheel it operates intermittently, like a seesaw: A container (a bucket or cup) at the end of a lever is filled with water in the upper position. The container side becomes heavier, and so the lever with the filled container moves downward, which may be used to operate a machine drive. In the lower position the container is emptied, and the lever moves back into the upward position.

Because of their inferior efficiency compared to a water mill, water scoops are less common, and have been used in the past mostly for applications where linear motion is required rather than rotation, for example hammers in smitheries, saws in sawmills, and stamp mills in mining. They are also used for fulling and, nowadays, to operate animated sculptures in fountains.

Monjolo

A monjolo is a type of water scoop used for the processing and grinding of grains and introduced in Brazil by the Portuguese during the colonial period. It can be used to peel and grind dry beans, resulting in a thicker flour.

It is formed by a wooden beam suspended so that the part that supports the pestle is larger than the other, which ends with a trough. A spout fills the trough with the water, thus raising the pestle. When the trough is full, it lowers the trough, and when the trough spills the water, the beam falls, causing the pestle to hit the mortar. As such, the monjolo is an important tool for agricultural facilitation. It is common for rural people to seek to live near a river or stream as a source of water. The monjolo is considered one of the most useful machines for planters of multiple crops.

See also
 Pestle
 Shishi-odoshi
 Trip hammer
 Water mill
 Water wheel

References

External links
 Monjolo construction by Primitive Technology

Watermills