Power system transition models used to plan sustainable and reliable electricity for future have developed tremendously. However, few power system transition models have incorporated 100% renewable penetration and offer a solution by leveraging renewable energy's abundant potential. A new study demonstrates that 10 0% renewable energy access would allow a rapid and low -cost power transition across India that would lead to zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. This manuscript offers recent insights on power transition pathways in various Indian states by incorporatin g renewables to meet hourly electricity demand for one complete year and also suggests few limitations that may be addressed in future research. Keywords Renewable energy , Global warming , Power sector , Sustainable Development Goals Credit: Pixabay Image The task of limiting global warming to 1.5°C is a huge and formidable challenge. India is experiencing an increase in erratic rains, heatwaves, and droughts due to climate change [1], which is causing catastrophic s ocial and economic consequences. In India, the heavy dependence on low -quality coal and the operation of extremely inefficient power plants have given rise to greenhouse gas pollution while compounding various environmental concerns. The rapid transition towards renewable energy, particularly in the power sector, is the way forward to meet the Paris Agreement and achieve the UN Sustainable Development Goals [2], [3] , [4]. India has shown significant expansion in renewable capacity installations, especially solar and wind, over the last few years. To put this in context, the total renewable energy generation capacity in India has reached 152.90 GW as of February 2022, 50.78 GW from solar energy, 40.13 GW from wind energy, 10.63 GW from bio -energy, and 46.52 GW and 4.84 GW from large and smal l hydro power respectively [5]. However, the contribution of re newable energy in electricity generation varies substantially across Indian states. For instance, in states like Tamil Nadu, Rajasthan, Kerala, Punjab, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh , Telangana, Karnataka , and Maharashtra, the electricity generati on from renewables exceeds the national average of 8.2% by a substantial margin, whereas other Indian states are lagging in power generation capacity and production [6]. A recently published research article by Ashish et al. [7] in Nature Communications answered two critical questions : 1) Is an energy system powered entirely by renewable energy technically feasible in India and will it be the low expensive option in 2050 , 2) How much and what will be the req uirements for state and national production capacity, storage and flexibility during the transition? The power transition to 100% renewable energy by 2050 is crucial for India’s sustainable energy transition. The study explores the power transition pathway in different states of India by incorporating several power generation alternatives, storage techno logies, and interstate transmission to effectively fulfill hourly electricity demands over a complete year. Employing the LUT E nergy System Transition Model tool [8], [9] from Lappeenranta University of Technology (LUT), the study formulates scenarios for India's journey towards achieving a 100% renewable and sustainable energy resources. The research provides some notable findings. Ashish e t al. [7] find that integrating large shares of renewables for el ectricity generation by 2050 could be less expensive and eliminate coal -dominated systems. The reason behind this approach lies in establishing a power generation system primarily reliant on hydropower , wind energy, and solar photovoltaic . To ensure the system's flexibility and stability, supplementary power will be derived from batteries and engines fueled by synthetic fuels . The findings also indicate zero greenho use gas emissions in the power sector by 2050, compared to current national levels of around 1 .2 GtCO 2eq in 2020. Interestingly, the renewable transition route could reduce power transformation losses from 57% in 2020 to 9.3% in 2050. Furthermore, the leve lised cost of electricity of the system could reduce from 69.5 $/MWh in 2020 to 37.2 $/MWh by 2050. The study has a few limitations that could be explored in future studies. First, this research does not consider electrification in other power sectors such as transportation, heating/cooling and industry . This may result in a further rise in power d emand throughout the transition . Second, the water footprint of renewable power generation is not ad justed for in this study. The use of water for cooling in coal -fired power plants is an issue. It is estimated that by the end of 2030, two -thirds of India's power plants will face an acute water crisis [10]. Therefore, a more solicitous evaluation of electricity -based water consumption would add another dimension to the debate over the sustainability of renewable -based power systems. Third, the model optimises potential capacities for wind energy and solar photovoltaic based on specific capacity densities, cost considerations , and land use limitations , it also does not determine resource locations that might preclude development in some of the suggested locations due to social constraints . Despite these limitations, the research findings instill optimism by suggesting that the ambitious goals outlined in the Paris Agreement to re strict temperature rise to 1.5°C are within reach if large shares of clean, renewable energy can be integrated nationwide. Therefore, to meet this ambitious target, more efforts are needed to expand the renewable capacity in some states and the policies should be in line with the central government.