omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Chuck Durham. Charles W. Durham (1918 – April 5, 2008) was a civil engineer, built-environment pioneer, noted philanthropist, and civic leader in Nebraska and Iowa.

College life
Durham earned three degrees from Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa (G.E. '39; C.E. '40; PD '45) before moving to Omaha, Nebraska to join his college sweetheart, the former Margre Henningson, and beginning his professional life as an engineer with Henningson Engineering Company.

While a student at Iowa State, Durham was a member of the Iowa Gamma chapter of Phi Delta Theta fraternity. He was initiated as Bond 274

Durham was a student under John Vincent Atanasoff, who along with his graduate assistant Clifford Berry, invented the world's first electronic digital computer.

Professional life

Durham began work at Henningson Engineering Company for Margre Henningson's father, Henning Henry Henningson, in 1940. Within ten years the company officially changed its name to Henningson, Durham, and Richardson, Inc or HDR, Inc., under Durham's leadership. Durham grew the firm from 15 employees to 1,700 before retiring.

Durham also founded and ran the firm Durham Resources until his death in 2008

Philanthropic and Civic Achievements

Iowa State University Distinguished Alumni Award 1992

Director of the Panama Canal Co.

Director the U.S. Chamber of Commerce

President and Director of Chief Executives Organization

President and National Director of the Nebraska Society of Professional Engineers

Board Chairman of the Mid-America Council of Boy Scouts of America

Named Donations

Iowa State University

The Charles W. Durham and Marge Henningson Durham Center for Computation and Communication

Durham Great Hall, Iowa State Memorial Union

H.H. Henningson Plaza (next to Howe Hall) donated by Durham in honor of his father-in-law

Durham Visualization Laboratory

University of Nebraska Omaha

Durham Science Center

Charles W. Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction

Charles W. and Margre H. Durham Distinguished Professor of Information Science and Technology

University of Nebraska Medical Center

Durham Research Center & Durham Research Plaza

Durham Research Center II

The Durham Museum

Notes & External Links

All references retrieved on May 9, 2008 unless otherwise noted.

1918 births
2008 deaths
Businesspeople from Omaha, Nebraska
Iowa State University alumni
20th-century American philanthropists
20th-century American businesspeople
Phi Delta Theta members
Nathan Ball. Nathan "Nate" Ball is an American mechanical engineer, entrepreneur, TV host, children's author, pole vaulter, and beatboxer.

Early life
He was born on May 13, 1983, and grew up in Newport, Oregon. He moved to Boston in 2001 to attend the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he studied mechanical engineering and earned two degrees: a Bachelor of Science (2005) and a Master of Science (2007). At MIT he was a two-time NCAA All-American pole-vaulter with a personal record of 16' ".

Media
Ball has served as a host on the PBS Kids show Design Squad since its first aired in 2007. Ball has also appeared in an episode of MythBusters, a History Channel special on Batman technology, an insurance advertisement, and in a Fetch! with Ruff Ruffman season 4 episode. Ball was featured in the Nova episode The Secret Life of Scientists and Engineers. He is the author of the Alien in my Pocket series of science-adventure chapter books for kids.

Inventions
In 2005 he co-founded a business to develop the Atlas Powered Ascender, a tool he helped create that enables "reverse rappelling" up vertical surfaces at high speed. He was awarded the Lemelson-MIT Prize in 2007 for his work on the Atlas Powered Ascender, an improved needle-free jet injector system, and his work in engineering outreach with children. He is listed as the co-inventor on six patent applications, including for the Powered Rope Ascender.

References

External links
 Atlas Devices, LLC
 PBS Kids - Design Squad Nation

1983 births
Living people
American male pole vaulters
Ball, Nathan
People from Newport, Oregon
21st-century American inventors
Intel TeraHertz. Intel TeraHertz was Intel's new design for transistors. It uses new materials such as zirconium dioxide which is a superior insulator reducing current leakages. Using zirconium dioxide instead of silicon dioxide, this transistor can reduce the current leakage, and thus reduces power consumption while still working at higher speed and using lower voltages.

One element of this structure is a "depleted substrate transistor," which is a type of CMOS device where the transistor is built in an ultra-thin layer of silicon on top of an embedded layer of insulation. This ultra-thin silicon layer is fully depleted to maximize drive current when the transistor is turned on, allowing the transistor to switch on and off faster.

In contrast, when the transistor is turned off, unwanted current leakage is minimized by the thin insulating layer. This allows the depleted substrate transistor to have 100 times less leakage than traditional silicon-on-insulator schemes. Another innovation of Intel's depleted substrate transistor is the use of low resistance contacts on top of the silicon layer. The transistor can therefore be very small, very fast and consume less power.

Another important element is the development of a new material that replaces silicon dioxide on the wafer. All transistors have a "gate-dielectric," a material that separates a transistor's "gate" from its active region (the gate controls the on-off state of the transistor).

According to Intel, the new design could use only 0.6 volts. Intel TeraHertz was unveiled in 2001. , it is not used in processors.

See also
Silicon on insulator

External links
Intel terahertz transistor breaks speed limits (Nov 2001)
Intel Announces Breakthrough In Chip Transistor Design  (May 2006)  

TeraHertz
Intel microprocessors
University of Sydney Faculty of Engineering. The Faculty of Engineering is a faculty of the University of Sydney, Australia. It was established in 1920 and is one of the oldest engineering schools in Australia.

The Faculty of Engineering has an excellent global academic reputation, and is ranked 14th in the world for Civil and Structural Engineering and 42nd in the world for Computer Science as per the 2020 QS World University Rankings by Subject.

Programs within the Faculty of Engineering are accredited by professional bodies including Engineers Australia, the Project Management Institute and the Australian Computer Society.

History
Teaching of engineering at the University began in 1883 within the Faculty of Science established just a year prior. The Faculty of Engineering itself was established in 1920.

Initially engineering classes were taught in The Quad, however in 1909 the P. N. Russell School of Engineering was completed. This building, an outcome of the P. N. Russell benefactions was formally opened by the Governor on 20 September 1909. With the expansion in student numbers in the 1950s and early 1960s, new purpose-built facilities were constructed in the Darlington extension area across City Road and since the mid seventies all departments have been accommodated in this area, although a wind tunnel in the Woolley Building is still in use by Aeronautical Engineering.

The new SciTech Library opened in the Darlington engineering precinct in 2010, as the amalgamation of the Architecture, Engineering, Madsen and Mathematics libraries, brought together as part of the Campus 2010 project.

Faculty schools
 School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering
 School of Biomedical Engineering
 School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
 School of Civil Engineering
 School of Computer Science
 School of Electrical and Information Engineering
 School of Project Management

Research centres
 Australian Centre for Field Robotics
 Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis
 Centre for Advanced Food Engineering
 Centre for Advanced Materials Technology
 Centre for Advanced Structural Engineering
 Centre for Distributed and High-Performance Computing
 Centre for Future Energy Networks
 Centre for IoT and Telecommunications
 Centre for Sustainable Energy Development
 Centre for Wind, Waves and Water
 John Grill Institute for Project Leadership
 Rio Tinto Centre for Mine Automation
 Sydney Artificial Intelligence Centre
 Sydney Centre in Geomechanics and Mining Materials
 Sydney Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems
 The Warren Centre for Advanced Engineering

Notable alumni
 John Bradfield - designer of Sydney Harbour Bridge
 Paul Scully-Power - Australia's first Astronaut
 Michael Hintze - billionaire hedge fund manager and philanthropist
 David Higgins - CEO of Network Rail and former CEO of Lend Lease
 John Grill - billionaire founder of WorleyParsons

References

External links

1920 establishments in Australia
Engineering, Faculty of
WidSets. WidSets is a mobile runtime technology, and a mobile service powered by the said technology, based on the Java MIDP 2.0 platform, from the Finnish mobile company Nokia. It is both a widget engine and a widget deployment service where mini-applications called widgets can be uploaded to WidSets servers to be compiled and then automatically deployed to MIDP 2.0 compliant mobile phones running the WidSets client software. The widgets are created using Extensible Markup Language (XML), Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), and Helium scripting language. Widsets is a combined application and service that is similar to what a widget does on a desktop PC, on a wide variety of mobile phones. WidSets are micro-applications intended to perform a single function. WidSets, like widgets, generally rely on some kind of web service to provide information to the user.

WidSets was officially launched in October 2006. It worked on all Java MIDP 2.0 phones, including non-Nokia ones, and was regarded as a mobile counterpart to Netvibes. The current version  is version 2.0.0 for both the client and the SDK. In June 2009, Nokia announced that WidSets is no longer developed, having been replaced by the umbrella Ovi Store.

Example widgets included currency converters, news headlines retrievers and weather forecast information.

References

External links
 WidSets Official Website
 Mobilise your Web with WidSets – Europe
 Mobilise your Web with WidSets – UK

Widget engines
Mobile technology
Nokia services
GLScene. GLScene is a free OpenGL-based library for Delphi, C++ and Free Pascal. It provides visual components and objects allowing description and rendering of 3D scenes.

Development of the original library was started in 1999 by Mike Lischke and at version 0.5 the library was made Open Source and placed in the care of project administrator Eric Grange.

GLScene allows programmers to create OpenGL 3D objects at design-time using the interface shown. A wide range of objects and additional VCL controls are provided to help the programmer to build powerful 3D Delphi applications.

GLScene is supported by its user-base and comes with a number of demonstration applications and examples. Beginning with version 1.2 it also supports the C++Builder and Lazarus IDE for Free Pascal.

References

External links
 GLScene homepage

3D scenegraph APIs
Free Pascal
OpenGL
Software using the Mozilla Public License
39 Combat Engineer Regiment. 39 Combat Engineer Regiment (39 CER) was created on 3 May 2008 and amalgamated all the independent field engineer squadrons of the 39 Canadian Brigade Group in British Columbia.

39 CER is part of 3rd Canadian Division's (formerly LFWA's) 39 Canadian Brigade Group (39 CBG).

Sub-units
When the regiment was formed, it combined the existing independent field engineer squadrons and made them sub-units of 39 CER.
6 Engineer Squadron (North Vancouver)
44 Engineer Squadron (Trail, British Columbia & Cranbrook, British Columbia)
54 Engineer Squadron (Chilliwack)

Cadets
There are four Royal Canadian Army Cadets units spread across southern part of British Columbia which are affiliated to the 39 Combat Engineer Regiment. Cadets are not soldiers, nor are they expected to become soldiers; they are part of an organization dedicated to developing citizenship and leadership among young men and women aged 12 to 18 years of age with a military flavour, and are not required to join the Canadian Forces at any time.

Cadet units affiliated with the 39 CER combat units receive some support and are entitled to wear traditional regimental accoutrements on their uniforms at the corps expense.

Order of precedence

See also

 Military history of Canada
 History of the Canadian Army
 Canadian Forces
 List of armouries in Canada

References

Engineer regiments of Canada
Military units and formations established in 2008
Jamieson J. The Jamieson J (also known as the Take 1) was a four-seat utility aircraft built in the United States in the early 1960s. It was designed and constructed by Jamieson Corp, which had been purchasing military surplus Culver Cadets and remanufacturing them for the civil market. Jamieson's first aircraft was the J-1 Jupiter built in 1949 which had a V-tail replacing the standard type tail of the Cadet. What made the Jupiter attractive to the private plane market was its price of 
$2500. Four Jupiters were produced. The 1960s Model J was patterned closely on the Cadet as the earlier J-1 Jupiter was, but was a larger, new-built aircraft. Like its forerunner it was a conventional, low-wing cantilever monoplane, but featured retractable tricycle undercarriage.

Certification was achieved in July 1963, after which only another two examples were built before development was abandoned.

Specifications

References

External links
 aerofiles.com

1960s United States civil utility aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
V-tail aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1962
Advanced Multimedia Supplements. In computing, the Advanced Multimedia Supplements (also JSR-234 or AMMS) is an API specification for the Java ME platform. Practically speaking, it is an extension to JSR 135 Mobile Media API providing new features, such as positional 3D audio processing, audio and video effects processing, better controls for digital camera, and better support for analog radio tuner including Radio Data System. AMMS was developed under the Java Community Process as JSR 234.

Features and profiles 
JSR-234 defines six feature sets, namely Media Capabilities, and each define minimum implementation requirements in order to try to avoid fragmentation and to define a common minimal base line for the implementations. Every JSR-234 implementation must support at least one Media Capability. The six Media Capabilities are described in the table below.

Optional features 
In addition to the Media Capabilities, the device is free to support any of the optional features including:
 controlling additional 3D audio features such as Doppler, size of the source (macroscopicity), directivity and obstruction
 controlling additional audio effects such as chorus and channel virtualization (including stereo widening)
 audio panning
 detailed exposure settings for the camera
 brightness, contrast and gamma settings
 whitebalance
 setting the processing order of the audio and video effects
 setting priorities for the players
 MIDI channel specific effects
 RDS

Versions 

 1.0 2005-05-17
 1.1 2007-02-28 (contains only minor bug fixes and some additional clarifications; no new features or functionality)

Implementations

Mobile devices 
 Nokia Series 40 devices (5th Edition: 3D Audio and Music Capabilities; 6th Edition: Camera Capability controls for Camera, Flash, Focus, Snapshot and Zoom)
 Nokia S60 devices (since 3rd Edition, Feature Pack 1) (3D Audio and Music Capabilities only)
 Sony Ericsson devices (JP-7: Camera Capability only; since JP-8: all areas)

Emulators 
 JSR-234 Reference Implementation (all Media Capabilities)
 Nokia Prototype SDK (all Media Capabilities)
 Series 40 5th and 6th Edition SDKs
 S60 SDKs
 Sun Java Wireless Toolkit

Chipsets and engines 
There are also implementations targeted mainly for mobile device manufacturers.

Other APIs for similar purposes 
OpenSL ES - for 3D audio and audio effects processing via a C-language API
OpenMAX AL - for camera controlling and analog radio via a C-language API

References 
 The official JSR 234 page
 "3D Audio for Mobile Devices via Java", M. Paavola, E. Karlsson, J. Page; presented at the 118th AES Convention, Barcelona, Spain, May 31, 2005; available from AES e-library
 Series 40 6th Edition: Accessing Camera Capability with Advanced Multimedia Supplements API (JSR-234)

Java specification requests
Tom Swift and His Big Tunnel. Tom Swift and His Big Tunnel, or, the Hidden City of the Andes, is Volume 19 in the original Tom Swift novel series published by Grosset & Dunlap.

Plot summary
The Titus Brothers Contractors company have won a government contract in Peru to blast a tunnel through a mountain and connect two isolated railroad lines. The deadline is approaching, and the contractors have hit a literal wall: excessively hard rock which defies conventional blasting techniques. The company is under pressure to finish, or else the contract will default to their rivals, Blakeson & Grinder. Mr. Job Titus has heard of Tom Swift and Tom's giant cannon, which is used in protecting the Panama Canal, and wants to hire Tom to develop a special blasting powder to help them finish the excavation.

Mr. Damon, Tom's very good friend, arrives in the middle of this conversation, and is unaware of the situation. By coincidence, Mr. Damon is invested in a business which procures cinchona bark from Peru, but production has all but ceased, prompting Mr. Damon to invite Tom to accompany him to Peru and discover the source of the problem.

Tom, Mr. Damon and Mr. Titus (along with Koku, Tom's giant) embark for Peru. On the way, they encounter Professor Swyington Bumper, who is on a lifelong quest to locate the lost city of Pelone. Professor Bumper returns to Peru each season, and has thus far been unsuccessful. When Professor Bumper discovers that Tom is headed to the same general area, Rimac, Professor Bumper decides to join the company.

Inventions and innovations
Early in the book, Tom is working a new gyroscope, but events soon overtake that project, and Tom puts that aside for the time being.

In Tom Swift and His Giant Cannon, Tom has developed a new propellant to launch the projectiles from his giant cannon, and when Mr. Titus requests Tom's help, Tom begins to develop a new blasting powder. Ultimately Tom finds a suitable solution which can blast through heavy rock with ease. While on the job site, several blasts into the mountain, the rock changes into an even harder substance. Tom needs to modify his formula from a "quick burn" into a "slow burn" blast; rather than blasting the rock via concussion alone, the new formula first builds high pressure in the fissures of the rock, before the concussion splits the rock.

References in modern culture
In the 1990s TV series The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles, Indiana Jones is dating Tom Swift's author's daughter, and in one scene assists Mr. Stratemeyer in forwarding the plot of Tom Swift and His Big Tunnel.

References

External links
Tom Swift and His Big Tunnel e-text at Project Gutenberg
 

1916 American novels
Tom Swift
American young adult novels
Novels set in Peru
Javelin Wichawk. The Javelin Wichawk is a sporting biplane designed in the United States in the early 1970s and marketed in plan form for amateur construction.

Design and development
The Wichawk is a conventional design with staggered single-bay wings of equal span braced with N-struts and having fixed, tailwheel undercarriage. The pilot and a single passenger sit in side-by-side configuration in an open cockpit, but the plans make allowances for the aircraft to be built in two- or three-seat tandem configuration instead. The fuselage and empennage are of welded steel tube construction, with the wings built with wooden spars and aluminium alloy ribs, all covered in doped aircraft fabric.

Operational history
Some 250 sets of plans had been sold by 1987, with 14 aircraft known to be flying by then.

In January 2014 nine examples were registered in the United States with the Federal Aviation Administration, but a total of 18 had been registered at one time.

Specifications

References

External links
Photo of a Javelin Wichawk 
Popular Mechanics Article from 1974

Wichawk
1970s United States sport aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1971
Paper mills of Aberdeen. This is an article about the 3 main paper mills in Aberdeen, Scotland (some closed).

Donside Paper Mill 

The Donside Paper Mill was paper mill in Aberdeen, shortly to the north of Old Aberdeen and the Tillydrone area, by the River Don. Since its closure in 2001 (with the loss of approximately 250 jobs), all the mill buildings have been cleared, and the site has been redeveloped as an "urban village"

The mill was developed to produce off-machine coated grades of paper. Principle grades were label (one sided coated), gloss art (two sided, single and double coated) and matt art (two sided single and double coated).

In 2016 a hydro electric turbine was installed on the site by Aberdeen Community Energy (www.acenegy.org.uk). The installation revealed an old lade which had previously delivered water to the paper mill.

Davidson Mill 
Davidson Mill was a paper mill in the Mugiemoss area of Aberdeen. It closed in June 2005.

Stoneywood Paper Mill 
Stoneywood Paper Mill is a paper mill still functioning in Aberdeen. It was established in 1710 by James Moir. It is now the only remaining paper mill on the river Don. After entering administration in January 2019, the Stoneywood Paper Mill survived after a management buyout by Creative Paper Holdings Ltd. in September 2019. However, in September 2022, it was announced that the mill has gone into the administration, making 301 out of 372 staff members redundant.

References

External links 
 Stoneywood Paper Mill
 Davidson Mill
 Davidsons on BAPH UKMills Forum 
 Donside Paper Mill closure costs 250 jobs
 Donside on BAPH UKMills Forum 

Economy of Aberdeen
Pulp and paper mills
Papermaking in the United Kingdom
Buildings and structures in Aberdeen
Jeffair Barracuda. The Jeffair Barracuda is a high-performance sporting monoplane that was developed in the United States in the 1970s and is marketed for homebuilding. Designed and built by Geoffrey Siers, the prototype won the prize for "Most Outstanding New Design" at the EAA Fly-in in 1976. It was a low-wing cantilever monoplane of wooden construction with retractable tricycle undercarriage and side-by-side seating for two. Around 150 sets of plans had sold by 1977.

Development
Geoffrey Siers was a former RAF pilot and engineer for Boeing in 1967. He set out to design an aircraft that was fast, aerobatic, two place, and had range to fly long cross-country flights. The aircraft was refined after a full size cockpit mockup was made. The lightweight construction of the plywood-covered wooden de Havilland Mosquito was the inspiration for the materials choice. The retractable landing gear came from a Piper PA-24 Comanche. The wings were a three-piece design

Operational history
Test flights were performed in 1975. The aircraft takes off at  and climbs at 2000 feet per minute (10.2 m/s). Full flap stalls were recorded as low as .

Specifications

References

 
 
 
 Archived copy of Siersflight website

1970s United States sport aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1975