omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Okapi Framework. The Okapi Framework is a cross-platform and open-source set of components and applications that offer extensive support for localizing and translating documentation and software.

Architecture 

The Okapi Framework is organized around the following parts:

 Interface Specifications — The framework's components and applications communicate through several common API sets: the interfaces. A few of them are defined as high-level specifications. Implementing these interfaces allows you to seamlessly plug new components in the overall framework. For example: all filters have the same API to parse input files, so you can write utilities that use any of the available filters.
 Format Specifications — Storing and exchanging data is an important part of the localization process. Using open standards for as many formats as possible increases interoperability. Whenever possible the Okapi Framework make use of existing standards such as XLIFF, SRX, TMX, etc.
 Components — The Okapi Framework also includes a growing set of components that implement the different interface specifications. Some are basic and low-level parts that can be re-used when programming more high-level components, while others are plug-ins that can be used directly in scripts or applications.
 Applications — Lastly, the framework also provides end-user applications that can be utilized out-of-the-box. These tools are making use of the Okapi components and provide ready-made platforms for plugging in your own components.

Components 

There are two main types of components:

 Filters — Several filters components are implemented, including for: HTML, OpenOffice.org, Microsoft Office files, Java properties files, .NET ResX files, Table-type files (e.g. CSV), Gettext PO files, XLIFF, SDLXLIFF, TMX, Qt TS files, regular-expression-based formats, XML format (including support of the Internationalization Tag Set), IDML (InDesign Markup Language), etc.
 Utilities — Several utilities components are implemented, including: Text extraction and merging, RTF to text conversion, encoding conversion, line-break conversion, term extraction, translation comparison, quality check, pseudo-translation, text re-writing, etc.

Applications 

Some of the applications using the framework are:

 Rainbow — a toolbox to launch a large variety of localization tasks.
 Tikal — a command-line tool for basic localization tasks.
 Ratel — a WYSIWYG editor to create, test and maintain SRX segmentation rules.
 CheckMate — an application to perform quality checks on bilingual files.
 Longhorn — a batch processing server.
 Ocelot — a specialized XLIFF editor for review and linguistic QA tasks.

License 

All the materials developed under the Okapi Framework project are licensed under the Apache License version 2.0.
It was previously released under GNU Lesser General Public License up to M32.

External links
 Okapi Framework home page
 Okapi Framework Wiki
 Distribution downloads
 Source repository
 Screen shots
 Okapi Tools users group
 Okapi Framework on OpenHub (statistics)

Software-localization tools
Computer-assisted translation software programmed in Java
Mark Malamud. Mark Malamud (born 1960) is the principal and manager of Busymonster LLC, a consultancy focused on advanced user interface and design.

During his 10-year tenure at Microsoft, Malamud became the company's first User Interface Architect, leading design teams in the Advanced Windows, Consumer, Systems, and Research groups.

In addition to designing the fundamental conceptual, user, and interaction models for Windows 95 and future versions of Windows NT, Malamud also pursued future user interface abstractions.  Some of his work involved creating psychosocial models of users to improve the interaction between people and machines.  Malamud produced Bill Gates’ groundbreaking demo, “Information at Your Fingertips,” which was shown at Fall Comdex in 1990.

Before joining Microsoft, Malamud contributed his expertise to a variety of trade magazines and educational publications.  He has created several award-winning educational adventure games for Scholastic Books, and he has worked on various multimedia projects, including Nam June Paik's "Good Morning, Mr. Orwell" for WNET in New York.

Malamud studied at Brown University where he received his A.B. in psychology.  He holds over 200 major patents in the area of user interface and has been named as an inventor on over 880 US patents and numerous patents pending.

Malamud has participated in several Intellectual Ventures’ invention sessions relating to user interface, human-technology interaction, information processing, and health informatics. He is on the List of prolific inventors and in 2012 was the 8th most-prolific inventor of US patents.

See also 
 List of prolific inventors

References

External links
 Intellectual Ventures
 busymonster

Microsoft employees
Living people
1960 births
21st-century American inventors
Lad's Car. The Lad's Car was an American cyclecar automobile built between 1912 and 1914.

History 
The Niagara Motor Car Corporation of Niagara Falls, New York, built a 4 horsepower air-cooled, single-seater juvenile car with belt drive. Marketed as the Lad's Car, it was advertised as "providing mechanically minded children a 'sure-enough' motor vehicle, with a 'sure-enough' engine".

The car was priced at US$160 ($5,000 in 2023). The 72-inch wheelbase cyclecar had a choice of hood, and a kit version was available.

A working Lad’s Car exists in the Pierce-Arrow museum in Buffalo, NY.

References

Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United States
Kit car manufacturers
Cars introduced in 1912
Cyclecars
Brass Era vehicles
1910s cars
Motor vehicle manufacturers based in New York (state)
Motor Carrier. The Motor Carrier was an English automobile built only in 1904.  Designed as a 6 hp "pleasure car", it could be converted into a goods vehicle capable of carrying 900 lb (400 kg).

See also 
 List of car manufacturers of the United Kingdom

References
David Burgess Wise, The New Illustrated Encyclopedia of Automobiles.

Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Cars introduced in 1904
Cars discontinued in 1904
Peter Likins. Peter William Likins (born July 4, 1936) is a retired American professor and academic. He was president of Lehigh University from 1982 to 1997 and the University of Arizona from 1997 until his retirement in summer 2006.

Biography 
Likins graduated from Santa Cruz High School in 1953, where he was captain of the wrestling team and co-captain of the football team. He attended Stanford University as an undergraduate, studying civil engineering and became a member of Delta Tau Delta International Fraternity. He earned a master's from MIT and a PhD from Stanford. 

He was a faculty member at UCLA from 1964 until 1976. Likins was the dean of Columbia's engineering school from 1976 to 1980 and provost of the university for professional schools from 1980 to 1981.

President of Lehigh University 
He was president of Lehigh University from 1982 to 1997. Likins was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering (1984) for contributions to spacecraft dynamics and control, and for leadership in engineering education through teaching, research, writing, and academic administration.  While serving as President of Lehigh, first year student Jeanne Clery was raped and murdered. After the tragedy, Likins worked with Clery's parents and the United States Congress to pass the Clery Act.

At both Columbia and Lehigh, Likins was also professor of engineering.

President of the University of Arizona 
He then served as president of the University of Arizona from 1997 until his retirement in summer 2006. During the last semester of his presidency, a wire from his pacemaker poked a hole in his heart, causing him to nearly faint during an emergency drill being conducted on campus at the time. He underwent open heart surgery soon thereafter. Under different conditions emergency medical personnel might not have been able to respond in time to save him.

Notes

Sources
 4.lehigh.edu

Presidents of Lehigh University
Columbia University faculty
Presidents of the University of Arizona
Living people
1936 births
Santa Cruz High School alumni
Office automation. Office automation refers to the varied computer machinery and software used to digitally create, collect, store, manipulate, and relay office information needed for accomplishing basic tasks. Raw data storage, electronic transfer, and the management of electronic business information comprise the basic activities of an office automation system. Office automation helps in optimizing or automating existing office procedures.

The backbone of office automation is a local area network, which allows users to transfer data, mail and voice across the network. All office functions, including dictation, typing, filing, copying, fax, telex, microfilm and records management, telephone and telephone switchboard operations, fall into this category. Office automation was a popular term in the 1970s and 1980s as the desktop computer exploded onto the scene. Advantages of office automation include that it can get many tasks accomplished faster, it eliminates the need for a large staff, less storage is required to store data, and multiple people can update data simultaneously in the event of changes in schedule.

Outline
Businesses can easily purchase and stock their wares with the aid of technology. Many of the manual tasks that used to be done by hand can now be done through hand held devices and UPC and SKU coding. In the retail setting, automation also increases choice. Customers can easily process their payments through automated credit card machines and no longer have to wait in line for an employee to process and manually type in the credit card numbers.

Office payrolls have been automated, which means no one has to manually cut checks, and those checks that are cut can be printed through computer programs. Direct deposit can be automatically set up and this further reduces the manual process, and most employees who participate in direct deposit often find their paychecks come earlier than if they'd have to wait for their checks to be written and then cleared by the bank.

Other ways automation has reduced employee manpower on tasks is automated voice direction. Through the use of prompts, automated phone menus and directed calls, the need for employees to be dedicated to answer the phones has been reduced, and in some cases, eliminated.

See also
 Apache OpenOffice

References

Further reading
The Electronic Sweatshop: How Computers Are Transforming the Office of the Future into the Factory of the Past, [by] Barbara Garson. New York: Penguin Books, 1989, cop. 1988.  pbk.
Wilkie Office Automation What is OA?, June 2006, Accessed 21 June 2006

Productivity software
Automation software
Timothy O'Brien (endocrinologist). Timothy O'Brien is a Professor and Director of The Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI). The Institute was established in collaboration with National University of Ireland, Galway as a Centre for Science, Engineering & Technology (CSET) and has been supported with funding of €14.9 million by Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) to conduct basic and applied research in regenerative medicine, an emerging field that combines the technologies of gene therapy and adult stem cell therapy.  The goal is to use cells and genes to regenerate healthy tissues that can be used to repair or replace other tissues and organs with a minimally invasive approach.

Centres for Science, Engineering & Technology help link scientists and engineers in partnerships across academia and industry to address crucial research questions, foster the development of new and existing Irish-based technology companies, attract industry that could make an important contribution to Ireland and its economy, and expand educational and career opportunities in Ireland in science and engineering. CSETs must exhibit outstanding research quality, intellectual breadth, active collaboration, flexibility in responding to new research opportunities, and integration of research and education in the fields that SFI supports.

Professional background

O'Brien graduated from University College Cork with a MB BCh BAO (Honours) and a PhD. He is a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Ireland and a Fellow of the American College of Endocrinology.

He returned to Ireland from the United States in 2000 where he held positions at University of California-San Francisco and in Endocrinology at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN.  He focuses his research on cardiovascular disease and has a special interest in diabetic vascular disorders.

External links
Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI)
Science Foundation Ireland
University of Ireland, Galway
Mayo Clinic

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Irish medical researchers
Irish endocrinologists
Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians
Alumni of University College Cork
Irish expatriates in the United States
Academics of University College Cork
Place of birth missing (living people)
The Regenerative Medicine Institute. The Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), was established in 2003 as a Centre for Science, Technology & Engineering in collaboration with National University of Ireland, Galway. It obtained an award of €14.9 million from Science Foundation Ireland over five years.

It conducts basic research and applied research in regenerative medicine, an emerging field that combines the technologies of gene therapy and adult stem cell therapy.  The goal is to use cells and genes to regenerate healthy tissues that can be used to repair or replace other tissues and organs in a minimally invasive approach.

Centres for Science, Engineering & Technology help link scientists and engineers in partnerships across academia and industry to address crucial research questions, foster the development of new and existing Irish-based technology companies, attract industry that could make an important contribution to Ireland and its economy, and expand educational and career opportunities in Ireland in science and engineering. CSETs must exhibit outstanding research quality, intellectual breadth, active collaboration, flexibility in responding to new research opportunities, and integration of research and education in the fields that SFI supports.

References

External links
 Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI)
 Science Foundation Ireland
 National University of Ireland, Galway

Medical research institutes in the Republic of Ireland
Biotechnology organizations
Bioethics research organizations
2003 establishments in Ireland
Scientific organizations established in 2003
Cubix Robots for Everyone: Showdown. Cubix Robots for Everyone: Showdown is a 2003 action-adventure role-playing video game released by Blitz Games. The game is based on the Cubix: Robots for Everyone television series. It is developed by Blitz Games, produced by 4Kids Entertainment, Daewon Media, and Cinepix and published by The 3DO Company.

Gameplay 
Players control Connor or Abby to collect 25 Cubix robots from the television series to use in turn-based combat. The game consists of Story, Battle, Challenges, Tournament, and Mini-Game modes.

Development
The game was originally intended to be released in September 2002, but was delayed to June 2, 2003, shortly after 3DO went defunct.

Reception

Cubix Robots for Everyone: Showdown received mixed reviews from critics. It holds a 57.33% rating on GameRankings based on 3 reviews GMR gave the game a lukewarm review, comparing it unfavorably to "Pokemon with bad wiring".

References

External links

2003 video games
The 3DO Company games
Action-adventure games
Blitz Games Studios games
GameCube games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
North America-exclusive video games
PlayStation 2 games
Video games based on animated television series
Video games based on television series
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Bristow Helicopters Flight 56C. Bristow Helicopters Flight 56C was a helicopter flight that flew between Aberdeen and the Brae Alpha oil rig in the North Sea. On 19 January 1995, the AS 332L Super Puma helicopter operating the route, registered G-TIGK and named Cullen, was struck by lightning. The flight was carrying 16 oil workers from Aberdeen to an oil platform at the Brae oilfield. All 18 people on board survived.

Crew
The commander of the flight was Cedric Roberts (44). He had been with Bristow Helicopters Ltd since 1974. He was a very experienced pilot with more than 9,600 hours of flying time under his belt. The first officer was Lionel Sole (39). Sole had been with Bristow Helicopters Ltd since 1990. He had more than 3,100 hours of flying time to his credit.

Accident

En route, the helicopter ran into poor weather and was then struck by lightning. This caused severe damage to the tail rotor. Though the helicopter managed to limp for a few more minutes, the tail rotor eventually failed completely when the copilot tried to test if his controls were still working  and the pilots were forced to perform an emergency autorotation onto the rough seas. Emergency flotation devices  on the helicopter allowed the passengers and crew to be evacuated onto a life raft. Despite the high waves and bad weather, all the people on board the flight were rescued by the ship standby rescue Grampian Freedom.

The lightning strike was an isolated one in the storm, and may have been induced by the helicopter flying through the cloud. The accident investigation also revealed potential troubles with the carbon fibre composite material with brass strip design of the rotors which made the rotorblades prone to explosion and damage from lightning strikes.

In popular culture
The events of Flight 56C were featured in "Helicopter Down", a Season 3 (2005) episode of the Canadian TV series Mayday (called Air Emergency and Air Disasters in the U.S. and Air Crash Investigation in the UK and elsewhere around the world).

See also
Other North Sea helicopter incidents:
 1986 British International Helicopters Chinook crash
 Helikopter Service Flight 451 (1997)
 Bond Offshore Helicopters Flight 85N (2009)
 CHC Helikopter Service Flight 241 (2016)

References

External links
CAA progress report for 1998 (p. 29)
CAA progress report for 1997 (p. 26)
Aviation Safety Network

Aviation accidents and incidents in Scotland
Aviation accidents and incidents in 1995
1995 disasters in the United Kingdom
Airliner accidents and incidents caused by design or manufacturing errors
Accidents and incidents involving helicopters
Airliner accidents and incidents caused by weather
Airliner accidents and incidents caused by lightning strikes
Bristow Helicopters accidents and incidents
Aviation accidents and incidents in the North Sea
1995 meteorology
Accidents and incidents involving the Eurocopter AS332 Super Puma
January 1995 events in the United Kingdom
Air traffic flow management. Air traffic flow management (ATFM) is the regulation of air traffic in order to avoid exceeding airport or air traffic control capacity in handling traffic (hence the alternative name of Air Traffic Flow and Capacity Management – ATFCM), and to ensure that available capacity is used efficiently.

Airport capacity
Because only one aircraft can land or depart from a runway at a given time, and because aircraft must be separated by a certain distance or time to avoid collisions, every airport has a finite capacity; it can safely handle only so many aircraft per hour. This capacity depends on many factors, such as the number of runways available, layout of taxi tracks, availability of air traffic control, and current or anticipated weather. The weather can cause large variations in capacity; strong winds may limit the number of runways available, and poor visibility may necessitate increases in separation between aircraft.

When an air traffic control unit that will control a flight reaches capacity, arriving aircraft are directed towards holding patterns where they circle until it is their turn to land. However, aircraft flying in circles is an inefficient and costly way of delaying aircraft, so it is preferable to keep them on the ground at their place of departure, called a ground delay program. This way, the delay can be waited out on the ground with engines off, saving considerable amounts of fuel. The careful calculation of en route time for each flight and traffic flow as a whole, which aims to minimize overall delays in the air traffic system, is highly dependent on computers.

Operation in Europe
All IFR flight plans are tracked by the Central Flow Management Unit (CFMU). Every airport and air traffic control sector has a published maximum capacity. When capacity is exceeded, measures are taken to reduce the traffic. This is termed regulation. The aim is to use capacity effectively, keeping the average delay as low as possible, while ensuring capacity is not exceeded.

For example, if two flights are scheduled to arrive at an airport at exactly the same time, and the airport can handle one aircraft every five minutes, the aircraft may be assigned delays to ensure that the second aircraft arrives five minutes after the first. Similarly, the first aircraft will be required to depart on schedule and not allowed to depart late. This way, the second aircraft will not need to enter a holding pattern before landing.

See also
 Bay of Bengal Cooperative Air Traffic Flow Management System (BOBCAT)

References

External links
 FAA Air Traffic Control System Command Center home page

Air traffic control
Air traffic management
Clough Harbour. CHA Consulting, Inc. (previously known as Clough, Harbour & Associates LLP) is an international engineering consulting and construction management firm headquartered in Albany, New York. The firm was founded in 1952 by John Clarkeson, P.E., in Boston, Massachusetts and focused on civil design work. The firm was subsequently purchased by Ronald Clough and renamed Clough & Associates.  Ronald Clough then partnered with Bill Harbour and the firm was renamed Clough, Harbour & Associates, LLP.    

Some of the firm’s first notable projects were its work on Boston’s "Inner Belt" highway and the Interstate Highways throughout the Northeast.

CHA has grown substantially since then and now has a large presence in several different engineering fields, including power supply and distribution, communications infrastructure, structural, electrical, mechanical, environmental, geotechnical, civil, aviation, rail, and traffic/transportation engineering, as well as landscape architecture, land use planning, surveying, sports and recreation, wetland delineation, construction engineering and technology services.

According to a recent listing by Engineering News-Record (ENR), a publication which ranks design firms based on information about their revenue, CHA is the 61st largest engineering design firm in the United States.

CHA Consulting and its subsidiary companies were sold in 2018 to First Reserve, a private equity firm that focuses on the acquisition of internationally-based energy companies.

Notable projects
In the Albany, NY area, CHA has engineered some large scale projects, including the Times Union Center, the Joseph L. Bruno Stadium, the Albany Pedestrian Walkway, the expansive Colonie Town Park, and the Albany Capital Center.

Rensselear Station and Albany Track Enhancements 
CHA Consulting designed the $50 million project including renovations and improvements to Albany's Rensselear Station, which included the addition of a fourth track. Furthermore, improvements to the train tracks between Albany, NY and Schenectady, NY are currently ongoing, a project which received the 2018 ACEC Gold Award for Excellence in Engineering.

References

Engineering companies of the United States
Companies based in Albany, New York
History of Boston