omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Georges de la Bouglise. Georges-Alfred de La Bouglise (*25 April 1842 in Auteuil (Seine) – 1 December 1907 in Paris) was a French mining engineer who as a student played an important role in the gestation of the front-cranked velocipede named Michaux.

At École Impériale Centrale des Arts et Manufactures in Paris Bouglise was befriended by Aimé and René Olivier de Sanderval, who as entrepreneurs later became associated with Pierre Michaux as "Michaux et Cie". In 1865 student Bouglise applied for exhibiting a two-wheeled velocipede at the Paris World Fair in 1867, but was declined. Bouglise left the school and as a technical mastermind designed the production machinery at the company. In 1868 he returned to Ècole Impériale and finished his brevet.

In his later life Bouglise owned and was vice president of Société Anonyme des Mines that operated the Lexington Mine near Butte, Montana.

Further reading
Keizo Kobayashi: Histoire du Vélocipède de Drais à Michaux 1827-1970 - Mythes et réalités,Tokyo 1993
H. E. Lessing: Balancing while Cranking was new in 1865, not the Crank - an heretical view. The Boneshaker'' #174, Summer 2007, pp. 12-15

References

1842 births
1907 deaths
French engineers
IM2. IM2, IM.2, IM 2. IM-2, may refer to:

 IM2 (strain), the type strain for the archaebacterium Pyrobaculum aerophilum
 Bristol Pegasus IM.2, a British aero engine, a variant of the Bristol Mercury
 Douglas, Isle of Man (Royal Mail postcode IM2)
 Institute of Medicine 2 (IM-2), Rangoon, Burma; former name of University of Medicine 2, Yangon, Myanmar
 Interactive Multimodal Information Management (IM2), a project at the Idiap Research Institute
 Intermediate 2 (IM2), a rowing competition class under British Rowing
 Interstellar meteor 2 (IM2; CNEOS 2017-03-09), a 2017 meteor of interstellar origin, the second such discovered
 Intuitive Machines IM-2, a U.S. commercial lunar lander space mission, part of the NASA CLPS program

See also

 Iron Man 2, a 2010 superhero film
 
 
 IM (disambiguation)
 IMM (disambiguation)

 lM2
Farman A.2. 

The Farman F.160 A.2 (sometimes referred only as the A.2 from the French military specification A = reconnaissance 2 = two-seater) was a 1920s French sesquiplane designed as a military reconnaissance and observation aircraft. Only one was built.

Development
The open-cockpit tandem two-seat sesquiplane was displayed at the 1924 Paris Salon de l'Aeronautique. It was designed to minimise drag and the wide-chord wing was faired into the top of the fuselage and the aircraft was carefully faired. The aircraft did not meet performance expectations and was scrapped, and the F.160 designation was reused for a biplane bomber developed from the Farman F.60 Goliath.

Specifications

References

Notes

Bibliography

1920s French military reconnaissance aircraft
A.2
Sesquiplanes
CVT M-200. The CVT M-200 was a two-seat glider that was designed in Italy and built in Italy and France from 1963.

Development 
Designed by Alberto and Piero Morelli, the M-200 was built by the Turin Gliding Centre (Centro di Volo a Vela – Turin) under contract with the Aero Club of Italy (Aero-club d'Italia). The M-200 is a two-seat glider with dual controls with generally similar layout to the single seat M-100 but with greater dimensions. Conventional wooden-frame structure and plywood skinning were used for the fuselage with a single-spar wing covered in plywood and fabric. Accommodation for two is provided in the staggered seat cockpit covered by a sideways hinging canopy. With relatively high performance for its day, the M-200 proved to be easy to fly both for early solo pilots and for advanced aerobatics.

The M-200 was also built in France by CARMAM as the M-200 Foehn.

Specifications (M-200)

See also

References

Notes

References
Coates, Andrew. “Jane's World Sailplanes & Motor Gliders new edition”. London, Jane's. 1980.

External links

 History of the M-200 Retrieved 8 July, 2020

Glider aircraft
International Microwave Power Institute. The International Microwave Power Institute (IMPI) is an organization devoted to microwave energy and its usage. The organization has conducted surveys as well as educated the public to dispel microwave myths.

Founded in Canada in 1966, it is now headquartered in Mechanicsville, Virginia. It was initially created for industrial and scientific purposes, however in 1977, IMPI's purpose was expanded to deal with the evolution of microwave oven for the home.

The professional scientific journal of IMPI is the Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy.

References

External links
Official website

Engineering societies
American engineering organizations
Professional associations based in the United States
Organizations based in Virginia
Organizations established in 1966
1966 establishments in Canada
Microwave technology
Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy. The Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering industrial, medical, and scientific applications of electromagnetic and microwaves from 0.1 to 100 GHz, including topics such as food processing, instrumentation, polymer technologies, microwave chemistry and systems design.

The journal is published jointly by the International Microwave Power Institute and Taylor & Francis. Its editor-in-chief is Juan Antonio Aguilar-Garib (Autonomous University of Nuevo León).

Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 0.9.

References

External links
 

Electrical and electronic engineering journals
Quarterly journals
English-language journals
Microwave technology
Electromagnetism journals
Taylor & Francis academic journals
Food science journals
Farman F.150. 

The Farman F.150  was a 1920s French twin-engined biplane designed by Farman as a day bomber.

Development
The F.150 was a twin-engined unequal-span biplane to the B.3 specification, which could be fitted with fixed landing gear or floats. Although the design was an improvement on the earlier Goliath, it did not increase in performance, and it was not ordered into production.

Variants
F.150The original B.3 version powered by 2x  Gnome et Rhône 9Aa 9-cylinder radial piston engines, of which only one was built.
F.150bis a smaller version powered by 2x  Lorraine 12Db V-12 piston engines, of which only two were built.
F.150 Marin( Marine) Floatplane bomber for Aeronavale.

Specifications (F.150)

Notes

Bibliography

1920s French bomber aircraft
F.0150
Farman F.130. The Farman F.130 was a 1920s French biplane designed by Farman as a long-range day bomber.

Development
The F.130 was a single-engined biplane design in the BN.3 category based on the larger twin-engined F.60 Goliath. The F.130 had a conventional tailskid landing gear and three open tandem cockpits. It was powered by a nose-mounted 447 kW (600 hp) Farman 18Wd W-18 piston engine.

Following a series of test flights it was underpowered with only one engine and it failed to arouse any interest from either domestic or export customers and was not ordered into production.

Variants
F.130 BN.3 Three seater night bomber, one built.
F.130T The almost identical transport variant of the F.130 bomber. one built.

Specifications

Notes

Bibliography

1920s French bomber aircraft
F.0130
Fukuyama reduction. The Fukuyama reduction is an organic reaction and an organic reduction in which a thioester is reduced to an aldehyde by a silyl hydride in presence of a catalytic amount of palladium. This reaction was invented in 1990 by Tohru Fukuyama. In the original scope of the reaction the silyl hydride was triethylsilane and the catalyst palladium on carbon:

Fukuyama reductions are used for the conversion of carboxylic acids (as thioester precursor) to aldehydes which is considered a difficult procedure because of the ease of secondary reduction to an alcohol.

Reaction mechanism
The basic reaction mechanism for this reaction takes place as a catalytic cycle:
 Oxidative addition:
 {R-C(O)-SR} + Pd^0 -> RC(O)-Pd^{II}-SR
 Transmetallation:
 {RC(O)-Pd^{II}-SR} + R3SiH -> {RC(O)-Pd^{II}-H} + R3Si-SR
 Reductive elimination:
 RC(O)-Pd^{II}-H -> {RC(O)-H} + Pd^0

Scope
In a variation of the Fukuyama reduction the core BODIPY molecule has been synthesized from the SMe-substituted derivative: Additional reagents are copper(I)-thiophene-2-carboxylate (CuTC), Pd(dba)2 and tri(2-furyl)phosphine

In the related Fukuyama coupling the hydride is replaced by a carbon nucleophile.

References

Organic reduction reactions
Name reactions
Horten H.VI. The Horten H.VI is a flying wing aircraft designed by the Horten brothers during World War II.

Based on the Horten H.IV, the H.VI was an enlarged version of the H.IV, with the goal of comparing their flying wing designs against the very large span Akaflieg Darmstadt D-30 Cirrus.

The H.VI was allocated the RLM ID number 8-253 and by inference Horten Ho 253 though this was little used in practice.

Specifications (H.VI V2)

References

Flying wings
1940s German sailplanes
H06
Glider aircraft
Prone pilot aircraft
Samuel Sugden. Samuel Sugden, FRS was an eminent chemist in the first half of the 20th century.

Early life
He was born in Leeds on 21 February 1892 and educated at Batley Grammar School and the Royal College of Science.

Career
After war time service with the BEF he was a Research Chemist the Royal Arsenal, Woolwich following which he became a Lecturer, Reader then Professor of Physical chemistry at Birkbeck College. In 1934 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society and in 1937  became Professor of Physical Chemistry at  University College, London. When World War II returned  he joined the newly formed Ministry of Supply  but resigned in 1944 to take up a similar post with the United States Air Force Eighth Air Force. A noted author, he died on 20 October 1950.

Notes

1892 births
Scientists from Yorkshire
People educated at Batley Grammar School
Alumni of the Royal College of Science
British Army personnel of World War I
Academics of Birkbeck, University of London
Academics of University College London
Fellows of the Royal Society
1950 deaths
English physical chemists
INS Beas (2000). INS Beas (F37) is a  of the Indian Navy. She was built at the Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata.

The design and construction of the ship is entirely Indian, and is a modification of the . She is fitted with an array of modern sensor suites and matching weapon systems. 

Beas is named for the River Beas. She is the second ship in the Indian Navy to bear the name. The first was a  commissioned in 1960 and scrapped in 1992.

Upgrade 
On 16 October 2023, Ministry of Defence signed a contract for the mid-life upgrade of INS Beas with Cochin Shipyard Limited. In early April 2024, the mid-life upgrade of INS Beas began making her the first ship of the Brahmaputra class to be upgraded. The upgrade included conversion of steam turbine propulsion into diesel propulsion (CODAD) and other equipment and systems upgrade. INS Beas will likely be fitted with Caterpillar marine diesel engine with 6-MW power.  The overall upgrade will take 2 years for completion. The upgrade will increase the remaining service lifespan of the frigate from current 10 years to more than 25 years after completion. According to an official, “there are issues such as steam leaks and high temperatures in the boiler and engine rooms of these ships which contribute to uncomfortable working conditions for the crew.” The upgrade will reduce the maintenance requirement of the ships. The Upgrade has commenced as of May 2024.

Service history

Task Force Europe 2009
During May–July 2009, Beas was a part of the Indian Navy task force on deployment to Europe. During this deployment, the task force participated in joint-exercises with the Royal Navy and the French Navy. Exercise Konkan-09 with the Royal Navy, was conducted off the coast of the United Kingdom. Exercise Varuna 2009 with the French Navy was off the coast of France.

References

Brahmaputra-class frigates
Frigates of the Indian Navy
Ships built in India
2000 ships
Apricot Picobook Pro. The Apricot Picobook Pro is the first product of the reformed Apricot Computers. It is a netbook based on the VIA NanoBook, first shown to the press on October 15 2008.

Specifications 
CPU: VIA C7-M ULV at 1.2 GHz.
Chipset: VIA VX800 System Media Processor (Northbridge and Southbridge integrated).
Monitor: TFT  8.9 inch, 1024x600 pixels. Support to internal/external/dual monitor, or TV.
Graphics: 3D/2D S3 Graphics Chrome9 HC3 chipset integrated, shared VRAM to a max of 64 MB; DirectX 9.0. and HD video support.
RAM: 1 GB of SO-DIMM DDR2 RAM at 667 MHz.
Dimensions: 230 x 171 x 38.7 mm
Weight: 0.98 kg (2.16 lb). 
Ports: On the left, VGA DE-15 and one USB 2.0 port. On the right, a second USB port, Kensington Security Slot, 8P8C and power supply. In the front, two minijack (mic/ear) and 4 in 1 Card-reader. Open, integrated Webcam of 1.3 megapixels over the TFT, keyboard and touchpad at bottom.
Keyboard: QWERTY, 80 keys
Hard disk 60 GB
Sound card: VIA Vinyl VT1708A HD Audio codec. Up to 8 HD channels. 192 kHz sampling rate
Connectivity
Ethernet: Realtek RTL8101E 10/100 Mbit/s
Wi-Fi: Realtek RTL8187SE 802.11 a/b/g
Bluetooth
WiMAX: optional
 Input/Output :
 4 in 1 Card-reader.
 1 VGA DE-15
 2 USB 2.0
 1 8P8C Ethernet
 Audio connectors:
 1 minijack for microphone
 1 minijack line out
Battery : 4400mA Lithium-ion battery, 2200 mA, four cells, up to 4 hours use.
Power International auto-sensing adapter 110-240 V
 Operating system: Microsoft Windows XP Home (Nanobook Pro VX) or Novell SUSE Linux

Reception

The Apricot was very poorly received. A review by PC Pro in 2009 awarded it two stars, the worst marks of the notebooks on test in the categories of build quality, speaker quality, keyboard and cursor quality, and screen quality, and advised readers to avoid it at all costs. A "first look" review by IT Pro in 2008 also awarded it two stars, calling it unattractive, with a dubious build quality, and all but impossible to type on.

References

External links 
  with drivers and manuals

Netbooks
Apricot Computers
Computer-related introductions in 2008
SoS. SoS can refer to:

 Scotland on Sunday, a Scottish weekly newspaper.
 Scrum of scrums, a technique to operate scrum at scale. Scrum is a framework within project management for developing, delivering, and sustaining products in a complex environment.
 Son Of Sardaar, a 2012 Indian film.
 "Secret of success", a colloquial phrase with varied interpretations across cultures.
 System of Systems, systems that pool their resources and capabilities together to create a new, more complex system.

See also
 SOS (disambiguation)
Farman F.1000. The Farman F.1000 was a 1930s French monoplane designed by Farman to break the world altitude record.

Development

The F.1000 was a high-wing strut-braced monoplane with a large wing area. It had a conventional fixed landing gear and was powered by a 350 hp (261 kW) Farman 8Vi engine.  The aircraft first flew on 25 June 1932, piloted by Lucien Coupet.

The pilot had a restricted view on landing and take-off and the aircraft was modified with a raised seat mounted on top of the aircraft's fuselage leaving just the pilot's legs in the original cockpit. For landing the pilot opened the pressurized hatch above his head, moved the sliding rudder bar to the up position, strapped into the fuselage seat and attached a removable stick to control the aircraft.  During the rest of the flight the pilot had a pressurised cabin with just two small windows on each side.

The F.1000 only reached 5000 m (16,405 ft) during tests, so Farman redesigned the aircraft as the Farman F.1001 which had a parasol wing and an improved view for the pilot.  Powered by a Farman Wirs engine it first flew in June 1935.  On 5 August 1935 the aircraft, with pilot Marcel Cagnot, took off on what would be a fatal attempt at the world record.  The barograph recovered showed the aircraft had reached 10,000 m (32,810 ft) but a failure of one of the cupola windows had led to a rapid decompression and death of the pilot.

A more developed version appeared later as the Farman F.1002, although it made several flights over 8,000 m (26,425 ft) little is known about the aircraft.

Variants

F.1000
Original  Farman 8Vi powered aircraft, one built. 
F.1001
Improved version, powered by a  Farman 12 Wiars, one built. First flown in May 1935, on 4 August 1935, the bursting of a window at  led to the death of the pilot.
F.1002
Further improved variant, powered by a  Farman 12 Wiars, first flown in July 1936.

Specifications (F.1000)

Notes

Bibliography

External links

The Farman Stratosphere Monoplane
A Two-Stage Supercharger

1930s French experimental aircraft
F.1000
General Electric J97. The General Electric J97 is a single-shaft turbojet engine designed and built by General Electric as a compact high-performance engine for light attack fighters and eventually a number of drone projects.

Development and design
The J97 was based on GE's General Electric GE1/J1 series of turbojets and the engine development was financed by the United States Air Force. The original application was to be the Northrop P-530 (which later evolved into the YF-17), but it was ultimately only used in several small drone aircraft.

Variants
J97-GE-100
Standard Variant
J97-GE-17
Variant of the engine with  of thrust proposed for use in the Super Dynamics O4-1B Robin supersonic business jet.

Applications

 Boeing YQM-94 B-Gull (Compass Cope B)
 Ryan AQM-91 Firefly

Specifications (J97-GE-100)

See also

References

1960s turbojet engines
J97
Abandoned military aircraft engine projects of the United States
Oulu University Secure Programming Group. The Oulu University Secure Programming Group (OUSPG) is a research group at the University of Oulu that studies, evaluates and develops methods of implementing and testing application and system software in order to prevent, discover and eliminate implementation level security vulnerabilities in a pro-active fashion. The focus is on implementation level security issues and software security testing.

History
OUSPG has been active as an independent academic research group in the Computer Engineering Laboratory in the Department of Electrical and Information Engineering in the University of Oulu since summer 1996.

OUSPG is most known for its participation in protocol implementation security testing, which they called robustness testing, using the PROTOS mini-simulation method.

The PROTOS was co-operated project with VTT and number of industrial partners. The project developed different approaches of testing implementations of protocols using black-box (i.e. functional) testing methods. The goal was to support pro-active elimination of faults with information security implications, promote awareness in these issues and develop methods to support customer driven evaluation and acceptance testing of implementations. Improving the security robustness of products was attempted through supporting the development process.

The most notable result of the PROTOS project was the result of the c06-snmp test suite, which discovered multiple vulnerabilities in SNMP.

The work done in PROTOS is continued in PROTOS-GENOME, which applies automatic structure inference combined with domain specific reasoning capabilities to enable automated black-box program robustness testing tools without having prior knowledge of the protocol grammar. This work has resulted in a large number of vulnerabilities being found in archive file and antivirus products.

Commercial spin-offs

The group has produced two spin-off companies, Codenomicon continues the work of the PROTOS  and Clarified Networks the work in FRONTIER.

References

External links
  
 

Computer security organizations
Software testing
Secure Programming Group
Project Danny. Project Danny was a World War II plan for United States Marine Corps F4U Corsair fighter aircraft to attack German V-1 flying bomb launch sites in northern France. Although the squadrons had been trained at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point and were loading onto their escort carriers for the trip to the North Atlantic, opposition from General Marshall meant that the operation was canceled before departing for the European Theater.

Chronology
Extensive land-based Combined Bomber Offensive bombings of German targets had begun in June 1943, followed by "Crossbow" operations attacking German long range weapon facilities in August 1943 and V-1 launch sites in December 1943. In July 1944 after the V-1 "Robot Blitz" had begun on 13 June, Commander Thomas Hinman Moorer of the Naval Air Atlantic Staff (NavAirLant) provided a Pentagon briefing on a June 1944 plan for F4U squadrons of Marine Air Group 51 (MAG-51) (including VMF-511, VMF-512, VMF-513 and VMF-514) to attack V-1 launch sites from escort carriers in the North Sea with Tiny Tim rockets. The Tiny Tim was a rocket-powered adaption of a  bomb - each aircraft carrying a single rocket. The plan was disapproved. Project Danny was a victim of the intense interservice rivalry that existed in the US armed forces during World War II; Army Chief of Staff General George Marshall stood up and walked out of the briefing: "That's the end of this briefing. As long as I'm in charge there'll never be a Marine in Europe."

Had the operation proceeded, MAG-51 would have been the second Marine Corsair squadrons to deploy from aircraft carriers, the first being at the Bombing of Rabaul in November 1943.

The only contribution the United States Navy did make to Crossbow operations were the Operation Anvil drone attacks on Crossbow sites in August 1944 using surplus bomber aircraft converted to radio-control bombs.

See also
 United States Marine Corps Aviation

References

Project Danny
Cancelled military operations involving the United States
Cancelled military operations of World War II
United States Marine Corps in World War II
Project Danny