omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Panzura. Panzura is a privately owned American software company based in San Jose, California, that provides hybrid-cloud data management software and services for the enterprise software market. Its software helps users access, manage, analyze, and store unstructured data using techniques in distributed data consolidation, artificial intelligence, and network load balancing.

The company's core offering is a global file system promoted as a unified data engine. It supports large-scale multi-site data workflows and applications in the cloud, and has data protection and disaster recovery capabilities derived from its Immutable object architecture. Panzura licenses software as a service data management and data analytics services for observability, search and auditing over data and storage infrastructure.

History
Panzura was founded in 2008 by Randy Chou and John Taylor, who were both members of the founding software team at Aruba Networks. The company was initially funded by Matrix Partners, Khosla Ventures, and Chevron Technology Ventures, the corporate venture arm of Chevron Corporation. Panzura received $15 million in funding in 2012, followed by a $25 million funding round in 2013 which included Meritech Capital Partners. SanDisk became a strategic investor in 2013, with Alex Lam joining as a board observer.

Panzura was acquired outright in 2020 by Chicago-based private equity firm Profile Capital Management.
After most executives were replaced,
it reorganized under new management and in 2021, the company announced a new brand image.

Products
Panzura CloudFS is a global file system that uses cloud object storage. It overcomes latency to provide users with simultaneous, real-time access to petabyte-size files from any widely distributed location. It is used to migrate or re-platform data, workloads and applications to the cloud, and to consolidate data across multiple on-premises servers and the cloud, without having to refresh existing IT systems. CloudFS integrates with public and private cloud object storage platforms including Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, IBM Cloud Object Storage, EMC Atmos, Google Cloud Platform, Virtustream, Scality, Cloudian and Wasabi Technologies.

Panzura Data Services is a multi-cloud management and data analysis overlay to CloudFS. It offers a unified view and management of unstructured data, whether it is stored in a cloud, on premises in a data center, or at the edge. It also offers search and audit capabilities.

Panzura Mobile adds enterprise file sync and share capabilities to CloudFS, using the same authoritative data source.

As of November 2021, Panzura holds 34 patents,

Panzura has FIPS 140-2 security certification from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) for use by U.S. government agencies and contractors.
Panzura provides secure-erase capabilities for data destruction in compliance with guidelines for media sanitization as set out in the NIT special publication 800-88.

References

Cloud storage gateways
Cloud storage
Network-attached storage
Cloud computing providers
Prioritised Petri net. A Prioritised Petri net is a structure (PN, Π) where PN is a Petri net and Π is a priority function that maps transitions into non-negative natural numbers representing their priority level 

The enabled transitions with a given priority k always fire before any other enabled transition with priority j<k.

References

Sources
 B. Hruz, M.C.Zhou, "Modeling and Control of Discrete-event Dynamic Systems with Petri Nets and Other Tool", Advanced Control and signal processing, Springer, 2007

Petri nets
Scientific glassblowing. Scientific glassblowing is a specialty field of lampworking used in industry, science, art and design used in research and production. Scientific glassblowing has been used in chemical, pharmaceutical, electronic and physics research including Galileo's thermometer, Thomas Edison's light bulb, and vacuum tubes used in early radio, TV and computers. More recently, the field has helped advance fiber optics, lasers, atomic and subatomic particle research, advanced communications development and semiconductors. The field combined hand skills using lathes and torches with modern computer assisted furnaces, diamond grinding and lapping machines, lasers and ultra-sonic mills.

Scientific glassblowing schools

Degree programs
Salem Community College in Carney's Point, New Jersey offers the only degree program in the United States, an Associate in Applied Science, with a focus on the construction of scientific glass apparatus. Students come from throughout the United States and from around the world to develop this specialized skill at Salem Community College.

Alfred University offers a masters program in glass science and a PhD with a blend of theoretical and applied studies similar to degree programs in materials science and engineering.

Universities offering courses
The following is the list of recognized universities that provide courses in scientific glassblowing:
 University of Alabama 
 Arizona State University
 Australian National University
 Grinnell College
 University of Pittsburgh
 Salem Community College
 University of Utah
 Yale University
University of Oklahoma
Purdue University
University of Georgia

Notable scientific glassblowers 
John Calley (engineer)
 Clarence Madison Dally (killed by X-ray exposure in the course of his work)
 Heinrich Geißler (invented the Geissler tube)
Jorg Meyer
 Mitsugi Ohno
 Joseph Patrick Slattery (radiography pioneer blew much of his own lab glassware)
 Arthur Compton

American Scientific Glassblowers Society
The American Scientific Glassblowers Society (ASGS) is an association for scientific glassblowers and provides continuing education programs. The community is relatively small, with approximately 650 members.

References

External links
American Scientific Glassblowers Society
British Society of Scientific Glassblowers
Scientific Glassblowers Society of Australia and New Zealand
Video of scientific glassblowing at Arizona State University

Glassblowers
Laboratory glassware
Laboratory equipment
Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics. Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics, published in March 1902, is a work of scientific literature by Josiah Willard Gibbs which is considered to be the foundation of modern statistical mechanics. Its full title was Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics, developed with especial reference to the rational foundation of thermodynamics.

Overview
In this book, Gibbs carefully showed how the laws of thermodynamics would arise exactly from a generic classical mechanical system, if one allowed for a certain natural uncertainty about the state of that system.

The themes of thermodynamic connections to statistical mechanics had been explored in the preceding decades with Clausius, Maxwell, and Boltzmann, together writing thousands of pages on this topic. One of Gibbs' aims in writing the book was to distill these results into a cohesive and simple picture. Gibbs wrote in 1892 to his colleague Lord Rayleigh He had been working on this topic for some time, at least as early as 1884 when he produced a paper (now lost except for its abstract) on the topic of statistical mechanics.

Gibbs' book simplified statistical mechanics into a treatise of 207 pages. At the same time, Gibbs fully generalized and expanded statistical mechanics into the form in which it is known today. Gibbs showed how statistical mechanics could be used even to extend thermodynamics beyond classical thermodynamics, to systems of any number of degrees of freedom (including microscopic systems) and non-extensive systems.

At the time of the book's writing, the prevailing understanding of nature was purely in classical terms: Quantum mechanics had not yet been conceived, and even basic facts taken for granted today (such as the existence of atoms) were still contested among scientists. Gibbs was careful in assuming the least about the nature of physical systems under study, and as a result the principles of statistical mechanics laid down by Gibbs have retained their accuracy (with some changes in detail but not in theme), in spite of the major upheavals of modern physics during the early 20th century.

Content 
V. Kumaran wrote the following comment regarding Elementary Principles in Statistical Mechanics:

References

External links 

 Freely available digitized version on the Internet Archive

1902 non-fiction books
Physics textbooks
1902 in science
English-language non-fiction books
Herbert Allen (inventor). Herbert Allen (1907-1990) was an American inventor. 

Allen was born May 2, 1907. He graduated from Rice University in 1929.

Herbert Allen invented the Screwpull brand of corkscrews in 1979.

Herbert Allen was issued 13 patents out of 13 filed patents. His earliest patent was on May 8, 1978. His last filing was on August, 24th 1988.

He died June 12, 1990, in Houston, Texas.

References 

1990 deaths
1907 births
Rice University alumni
20th-century American engineers
20th-century American inventors
J. H. Hawes Elevator. The J. H. Hawes Elevator is a historic grain elevator located on 2nd Street in Atlanta, Illinois. The elevator was built in 1903 along the Illinois Midland Railroad; it was used to store locally farmed grain before the railroad shipped it to cities such as Peoria, Decatur, and Terre Haute, Indiana. Built by McIntyre and Wykle, the elevator is an example of a studded grain elevator, which uses vertical wooden studs in its walls to form its internal grain bins. The elevator operated until 1975. It was later restored to its original condition and is now a museum.

The elevator was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 17, 1991. It is the only restored wooden grain elevator on the National Register in Illinois.

References

External links 
 Description at Illinois Route 66.com 

Agricultural buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Illinois
Buildings and structures in Logan County, Illinois
Grain elevators in the United States
Museums in Logan County, Illinois
Farm museums in Illinois
Industry museums in Illinois
Agricultural buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places
National Register of Historic Places in Logan County, Illinois
Agricultural buildings and structures in Illinois
MG 39 Rh. The MG39 Rh was a general-purpose machine gun of German origin.

It originated from a draft specification and contest held for an MG 34 Einheitsmaschinengewehr replacement that was better suited for mass production. Three companies were asked in February 1937 to submit new designs: Metall und Lackierwarenfabrik Johannes Großfuß AG of Döbeln, Rheinmetall-Borsig AG of Sömmerda, and Stübgen AG of Erfurt. The designs and mock-up guns proposals were submitted in October 1937. Großfuß AG's entry proved to be the best design to simplify and rationalize the technical concept of the MG 34, employing a unique recoil-operated roller locking mechanism whereas the two competing entries used a gas-actuated system.

Rheinmetall-Borsig further developed their entry  under the direction of Louis Stange to the MG 39 Rh, but no records of a further development request by the German military to do this are known.
The MG 39 Rh did not progress beyond the prototype stage. The only surviving example is at the Military Historical Institute of Prague in Czech Republic.

See also
List of World War II firearms of Germany

References

External links
 
 

7.92×57mm Mauser machine guns
General-purpose machine guns
Machine guns of Germany
World War II infantry weapons of Germany
Trial and research firearms of Germany
Rheinmetall
R-905. The R-905 is a microwave transmission station that is used in the Swiss Army. The directional station consists of a transmitting and receiving device (SE R-905) - in which the antenna reflector is also integrated - the operator terminal (BT) - a handset with keypad and LCD - and a supply equipment (SA 95/1). There is a 24V battery, a tripod with strap-down ropes and a camouflage net. All mentioned equipment and material adds up to about 230 kg but can be carried by troops separately, or can be loaded on to a mule.

Over a maximum of 4 km of optical fiber cable an "intermediary unit" (BSG 93) is connected to the SE. The link has an usable bitrate of either 2 or 8 Mbit/s.

The frequency range is from 14.64 to 17  GHz, with a frequency separation of at least 150 MHz between Transmit (TX) and Receive (RX) channels.

The maximum range is about 55 km. The total range can be increased by using up to two R-905 as relay stations. A relay station consists of two R-905s, which are interconnected with an optical fiber cable. 

Over an unencrypted service channel which is multiplexed to the utility and remote control, conversations can be held with the other operators of the BSG93s and the SEs.

External links 
 R-905 bei richtstrahl.ch

 

Military equipment of Switzerland
Mark 21 Mod 0 torpedo. The Mark 21 torpedo, designated Mark 21 Mod 0 was a passive acoustic homing torpedo designed in 1943 by Westinghouse Electric Corporation. The Mark 21 successfully passed launching tests in 1943, however, due to difficulties encountered by Westinghouse, the project was abandoned after a few development models had been built. 

It was based on the widely used Mark 13 torpedo. Propulsion was switched to electric, but weight restrictions limited the speed available.

See also 
 Mark 21 Mod 2 torpedo, a similar but more successful project, with homing developed by Bell Labs, and using a steam turbine.

References

Torpedoes of the United States
Dynamical heterogeneity. Dynamical heterogeneity describes the behavior of glass-forming materials when undergoing a phase transition from the liquid state to the glassy state. In dynamical heterogeneity, the dynamics of cooling to a glassy state show variation within the material.

Polymers

Polymer properties include viscoelasticity and may be synthetic or natural. When a polymeric liquid is cooled below its freezing temperature without crystallizing, it becomes a supercooled liquid. When the supercooled liquid is further cooled, it becomes a glass.

The temperature at which a polymer becomes a glass by fast cooling is called the glass transition temperature Tg. At this temperature, viscosity reaches up to 1013 poise depending upon cooling-rate.

Phase transitions
It is possible for a phase transition from polymer to glassy state to take place. Polymer glass transitions have many determinants including relaxation time, viscosity and cage size. At low temperatures the dynamics become very slow (sluggish) and relaxation time increases from picoseconds to seconds, minutes, or more. At high temperatures, the correlation function has a ballistic regime for very short times (when particles do not interact) and a microscopic regime. In the microscopic regime, the correlation functions decay exponentially at high temperatures. At low temperatures the correlation functions have an intermediate regime in which particles have both slow and fast relaxations. The slow relaxation is an indication of cages in the glassy system. In glassy state density is not homogeneous i.e. particles are localized in different density distributions in space. It means that density fluctuations are present in the system. Particle dynamics become very slow because temperature is directly proportional to kinetic energy causing the particles trapped in local regions by each other. Particles are doing rattling motion inside these cages and cooperate with each other. These regions in the glassy polymer are called cages. In the intermediate regime each particle has its own and different relaxation time.

The dynamics in all these cases are different, so at a small scale, there are a large number of cages in the system relative to the size of the whole system. This is known as dynamical heterogeneity in the glassy state of the system. A measurement of dynamical heterogeneity can be done by calculating correlation functions like Non-Gaussian parameter, four point correlation functions (Dynamic Susceptibility) and three time correlation functions.

References

Further reading

Materials science
Mark 22 torpedo. The Mark 22 torpedo, was an active acoustic homing torpedo developed by Bell Telephone Laboratories and Westinghouse Electric 1944. Development of this torpedo was discontinued at the end of World War II.

See also 
 Mark 21 torpedo, two acoustic homing torpedo projects, one developed by Bell Labs and one by Westinghouse.
 American 21-inch torpedo

References

Torpedoes of the United States
Dehri-on-Sone railway station. Dehri-on-Sone railway station (station code: DOS) is on the Gaya–Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Junction section of the Grand Chord line. It stands next to the Nehru Setu and serves Dehri and the surrounding areas in Rohtas district in the Indian state of Bihar. It is located on the banks of Son river, a tributary of river Ganges.

History
The Grand Chord was commissioned in 1906.

Dehri Rohtas Light Railway

The  long  wide narrow gauge Dehri Rohtas Light Railway stretching from Dehri-on-Sone to Rohtas was opened in 1911. It was closed in 1984.

Electrification
The Gaya–Mughalsarai sector was electrified in 1961–63.

Amenities
Dehri-on-Sone railway station has 1 non-AC retiring room, and a four-bedded non-AC dormitory. It has a restaurant. The station has computerized reservation facilities.

References

External links
Trains at Dehri-on-Sone

Railway stations in India opened in 1906
Railway stations in Rohtas district
Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya railway division
Dehri
Mark 25 torpedo. The Mark 25 torpedo was an aircraft-launched anti-surface ship torpedo designed by the Division of War Research of Columbia University in 1943 as a replacement for the Mark 13 torpedo.

The Mark 25 was designed for higher speed, greater strength and more ease of manufacture compared to the Mark 13. Like the Mark 13, it used a wet heater steam turbine engine. Naval Ordnance Station Forest Park built twenty-five units in 1946 for test and evaluation, however, this torpedo was never mass-produced due to the large inventory of Mark 13s left over at the end of World War II. Moreover, the role of Naval aircraft changed from a torpedo strike platform to an antisubmarine warfare platform.

References

Aerial torpedoes
Torpedoes of the United States
Mitsubishi MCA. Mitsubishi MCA stands for Mitsubishi Clean Air, a moniker used in Japan to identify vehicles built with emission control technology. The term was first introduced in Japan, with later introductions internationally. The technology first appeared in January 1973 on the Mitsubishi 4G32A gasoline-powered inline four cylinder engine installed in all Mitsubishi vehicles using the 4G32 engine, and the Saturn-6 6G34 six-cylinder gasoline-powered engine installed in the Mitsubishi Debonair. The technology was installed so that their vehicles would be in compliance with Japanese Government emission regulations passed in 1968.

Emission reducing technology began with the installation of a positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) valve (MCA-I), followed by the addition of a thermo reactor air pump and catalytic converter in addition to an exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve (MCA-II) and a solenoid controlled automatic choke installed on the carburetor.

The MCA-Jet system has a small third valve separate from the intake and exhaust valves. Separate passages in the intake manifold feed each MCA-Jet valve. Since these passages are smaller than the main intake manifold passages, the air/fuel mixture must move faster. When the faster moving air/fuel mixture from the MCA-Jet valve hits the slower moving air/fuel mixture from the intake valve, a strong air swirling effect occurs that promotes more complete combustion. With MCA-Jet it was found that stable combustion could be obtained even with large amounts of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), NOx could be reduced, and combustion improved. Honda's CVCC Stratified charge engine approach also used a small third valve, but sent a richer air/fuel mixture to a small pre-combustion chamber near the spark plug, to help ignite a leaner air/fuel mixture in the main combustion chamber. MCA-Jet was a simpler system that sent the same air/fuel mixture to all intake and MCA-Jet valves. Each MCA-Jet valve is quite small and may be prone to carbon build-up, causing the MCA-Jet valve(s) to stick open. If a Mitsubishi-designed engine has low compression, the MCA-Jet valve(s) could be the cause. Each MCA-Jet valve and valve seat are a self-contained cylinder-shaped unit that screws into the cylinder head for easy replacement. Aftermarket MCA-Jet valves are available. With the advent of 4-valve-per-cylinder engines, manufacturers typically design the camshaft(s) to open one intake valve slightly before the other to create a swirling effect. This has made the MCA-Jet system obsolete. The MCA-Jet system was used in certain Mitsubishi-designed engines installed in both Mitsubishi-branded and Chrysler/Dodge/Plymouth-branded vehicles during the late 1970s to late 1980s.

References

Engine technology
Engines
Automotive technology tradenames
Mitsubishi Motors
Chris G. Van de Walle. Chris G. Van de Walle is a professor in the Materials Department at the University of California, Santa Barbara.  He received a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from Stanford University in 1986. Prior to joining UCSB in 2004, he was a principal scientist at the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC).  His research interests include first-principles calculations for materials, defects and doping in semiconductors and oxides, surfaces and interfaces, and the physics of hydrogen in materials. Van de Walle is a Fellow of the APS, MRS, AAAS, AVS, and IEEE.  He is the recipient of a Humboldt Research Award for Senior US Scientist, the Medard W. Welch Award, and the David Adler Lectureship Award in the Field of Materials Physics from the APS.

References

Living people
University of California, Santa Barbara faculty
Stanford University alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Fred Sammartino. Fred Sammartino is an American communications-industry engineer and executive, well known as the founding president and chairman of the board of the ATM Forum.

In the 1980s, Sammartino worked for David Systems Inc. of Sunnyvale, California, where he was product-line manager for a product technology to deliver Ethernet over two twisted pairs, before the 10BASE-T Ethernet standard emerged.

Sammartino also worked at Apple Computer before joining Sun Microsystems and founding the ATM Forum.  Educated at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and Stanford University, as of 2013 he is director of product management at Azuki Systems in the Boston area.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people