omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Electron (software framework). Electron (formerly known as Atom Shell) is a free and open-source software framework developed and maintained by OpenJS Foundation. The framework is designed to create desktop applications using web technologies (mainly HTML, CSS and JavaScript, although other technologies such as front-end frameworks and WebAssembly are possible) that are rendered using a version of the Chromium browser engine and a back end using the Node.js runtime environment. It also uses various APIs to enable functionality such as native integration with Node.js services and an inter-process communication module.

Electron was originally built for Atom and is the main GUI framework behind several other open-source projects including GitHub Desktop, Light Table, Visual Studio Code, WordPress Desktop, and Eclipse Theia.

Architecture 
Electron applications include a "main" process and several "renderer" processes. The main process runs the logic for the application (e.g., menus, shell commands, lifecycle events), and can then launch multiple renderer processes by instantiating an instance of the  class, which loads a window that appears on the screen by rendering HTML and CSS.

Both the main and renderer processes can run with Node.js integration if the  field in the main process is set to .

Most of Electron's APIs are written in C++ or Objective-C and are exposed directly to the application code through JavaScript bindings.

History 
In September 2021, Electron moved to an eight-week release cycle between major versions to match the release cycle of Chromium Extended Stable and to comply with a new requirement from the Microsoft Store that requires browser-based apps to be within two major versions of the latest release of the browser engine.

Electron frequently releases new major versions along every other Chromium release. The latest three stable versions are supported by the Electron team.

Usage 

Desktop applications built with Electron include Atom, balenaEtcher, Eclipse Theia, Microsoft Teams before 2.0, Slack, and Visual Studio Code. The Brave browser was based on Electron before it was rewritten to use Chromium directly.

Reception 
The most common criticism of Electron is that it necessitates software bloat when used for simple programs. As a result, Michael Larabel has referred to the framework as "notorious among most Linux desktop users for being resource heavy, not integrating well with most desktops, and generally being despised."
Researchers have shown that Electron's large feature set can be hijacked by bad actors with write access to the source JavaScript files. This requires root access on *nix systems and is not considered to be a vulnerability by the Electron developers. Those who are concerned that Electron is not always based on the newest version of Chromium have recommended progressive web applications as an alternative.

See also

References

External links 
 

2013 software
Cross-platform desktop-apps development
Cross-platform software
Free and open-source software
GitHub
Google Chrome
Microsoft free software
Software using the MIT license
Parapower Parapower. The Parapower is a Polish paramotor designed and produced by Parapower of Pilchowo for powered paragliding. The aircraft is supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

Confusingly, both the manufacturer and its product have the same name.

Design and development
The Parapower was designed to comply with the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules as well as European regulations. It features a paraglider-style wing, single-place accommodation and a single Solo 210 engine in pusher configuration with a reduction drive and a  diameter two-bladed composite propeller, depending on the model. The aircraft is built from a combination of bolted aluminium and 4130 steel tubing, with the plastic fuel tank mounted above the engine.

As is the case with all paramotors, take-off and landing is accomplished by foot. Inflight steering is accomplished via handles that actuate the canopy brakes, creating roll and yaw.

Reviewer Rene Coulon noted in 2003, "the chassis, although of classic design, is robust and of good quality. The price is very competitive."

Variants
Parapower
Model with a  Solo 210 engine in pusher configuration with a 2:1 ratio reduction drive and a  diameter two-bladed composite propeller. The fuel tank capacity is .
Parapower Full
Model with a  Solo 210 engine in pusher configuration with a 2.5:1 ratio reduction drive and a  diameter two-bladed composite propeller. The fuel tank capacity is .

Specifications (Parapower Full)

References

External links

Video of the Parapower

Parapower
2000s Polish ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Paramotors
Parasport.de Fun. The Parasport.de Fun is a family of German paramotors that was designed and produced by Parasport.de of Schwanewede for powered paragliding. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

Design and development
The Fun was designed to comply with the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules as well as European regulations. It features a paraglider-style wing, single-place accommodation and a single engine in pusher configuration with a  reduction drive and a  diameter two-bladed wooden propeller, depending on the model. The fuel tank capacity for all models is . The aircraft is built predominantly from aluminium  and composites for lightness and can be quickly disassembled for ground transport. A reserve parachute is integrated into the composite seat on the harness.

As is the case with all paramotors, take-off and landing is accomplished by foot. Inflight steering is accomplished via handles that actuate the canopy brakes, creating roll and yaw.

Variants
Fun
Base model with a  Vittorazi 130 engine in pusher configuration with a 2.31:1 ratio reduction drive and a  diameter two-bladed wooden propeller. Empty weight is .
Fun Alu
Model with a  engine in pusher configuration with a 2.30:1 ratio reduction drive and a  diameter two-bladed wooden propeller. Empty weight is .
Fun Power
Model with a  JPX 130 engine in pusher configuration with a 2.5:1 ratio reduction drive and a  diameter two-bladed wooden propeller. Empty weight is .
Fun Solo
Model with a  Solo 210 engine in pusher configuration with a 2.5:1 ratio reduction drive and a  diameter two-bladed wooden propeller. Empty weight is .

Specifications (Fun Solo)

References

Fun
2000s German ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Paramotors
Parasport.de. Parasport.de Paramotoren () was a German aircraft manufacturer based in Schwanewede and founded by George Nevrela. The company specialized in the design and manufacture of paramotors in the form of ready-to-fly aircraft for the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules and the European microlight category.

The company seems to have been founded before 2000 and remained active until about 2015. Like many companies founded in this period it is named after its website URL.

The company produced several different models over the years, including the early production Parasport.de Fun and the later Action GT and Ozone Viper.

Aircraft

References

External links

Aircraft manufacturers of Germany
Ultralight aircraft
Paramotors
Jacobs Institute for Design Innovation. The Jacobs Institute for Design Innovation is a building on the campus of UC Berkeley, part of the UC Berkeley College of Engineering. Construction began in August 2014 with a $20 million gift from the Paul and Stacy Jacobs Foundation. The ribbon-cutting ceremony took place on August 20, 2015, with speeches from various UC Berkeley administrators, Ellen Lupton, Paul E. Jacobs, executive chairman of Qualcomm, and Jack McCauley. The building opened for instruction on September 16. The 24,000-square-foot building was constructed at a cost of $25 million, funded by philanthropy.

Facilities 

The building includes a general purpose makerspace on the first floor, two classrooms on the second floor, and a large classroom and event space on the third floor. The makerspace contains tools and rapid prototyping equipment.

 Metal shop
 Visualization lab
 CAD/CAM lab
 All-purpose makerspace
 Design lounge
 Electronics lab
 AV production lab
 Advanced prototyping lab

Masters in Design program 

On June 25, 2019 it was announced that the institute would play a key role in developing and delivering the core curriculum for the new Master of Design program with the inaugural cohort in 2020.

References

External links
 Institute homepage
 Berkeley MDes website
 Design at Berkeley

University of California, Berkeley buildings
Better Software Magazine. Better Software magazine was a quarterly digital magazine published by TechWell Corporation (formerly Software Quality Engineering). It covered topics of interest to software testers, developers, project managers, and business analysts. Better Software was originally published in 1996 as Software QA magazine, focusing primarily on software QA and testing. Software QA (aka Software Testing & Quality Engineering) was renamed Better Software magazine in 2004.

History
In 1996, Software QA magazine was launched by Steve Whitchurch. In 1999, the magazine was relaunched by Software Quality Engineering (SQE) as Software Testing and Quality Engineering (STQE) with a companion website (STQE.net). In 2001, StickyMinds.com was launched whose name was inspired by STQE read: Sticky. In January 2004, the magazine name was changed to Better Software magazine to reflect the broader focus on the entire software lifecycle. In 2007, a digital edition was added alongside the print edition. In 2014, the print edition was discontinued and the magazine switched to strictly digital publication. Online version of Better Software magazine also ceased publication after the Summer 2018 issue. The issues are archived.

Better Software and its parent company SQE were included in the History of Software Testing, a comprehensive resource outlining the evolution of testing.

Better Software regularly featured on top-resource lists for software professionals. It was also cited in numerous software-testing focused books such as Software Test Attacks to Break Mobile and Embedded Devices, Agile Testing: A Practical Guide for Testers and Agile Teams, and More Agile Testing: Learning Journeys for the Whole Team.

Better Software was a recommended testing resource by the American Software Testing Qualifications Board.

Awards
2000 - The Silver Award of Excellence for "Best New Magazine" (Florida Magazine Association)

2001 - "Best Overall Trade/Technical Magazine" (Florida Magazine Association), "Writing Excellence for Best Regular Column in a Trade/ Technical Magazine" (Florida Magazine Association)

2002 – Honorable Mention "Best Redesign" in the Business-to-Business under 35,000 distribution (FOLIO: Ozzie Award)

2007 – “Best feature design Trade/Technical magazine” (Florida Magazine Association), “Best feature headlines Trade/Technical magazine” (Florida Magazine Association)2008 – “Best Special Theme Trade/Technical magazine” (Florida Magazine Association)

Contributors 
Better Software magazine writers have included: James Bach, Chris Wysopal, Rex Black, Lisa Crispin, Janet Gregory.

References

External links
 Better Software magazine Website

Defunct computer magazines published in the United States
Defunct engineering magazines
Magazines established in 1996
Magazines disestablished in 2014
Online magazines with defunct print editions
Online magazines published in the United States
Quarterly magazines published in the United States
KCBX Terminals. KCBX Terminals is a petcoke, coal, salt, slag, cement, and clinker processing facility and ocean freight docking and loading services facility owned by Koch Industries located in Hegewisch, Chicago.

Pollution and protests 
Residents around the facility have claimed that dust blowing from the facility into their neighborhood is making them sick. On April 12 and May 8 of 2014 KCBX was found to be in violation of air quality standards.  In 2014, the company announced that it would build an enclosure to the land by 2016 at a cost of $120 million. After requests for a time extension, it was announced in 2015 that the plant would be closed in late 2015. The site currently handles over 11 million tons of petcoke per year. In 2017, it was reported that the facility was a manganese polluter.

There have been numerous protests to close the plant.

References

Koch Industries
DRG Class ET 168. The DR Class ET 168 (until 1941: Type "Oranienburg") was the second electric multiple unit that operated on the newly electrified Berlin S-Bahn lines. 17 trainsets in total were ordered by the Deutsche Reichsbahn in 1925 for delivery into the northern suburbs of Berlin.

History
Already before the electrified S-Bahn came about, there was a trial for electrified commuter trains running from Potsdamer Wannseebahnhof to Zehlendorf in 1902 and from Potsdamer Ringbahnhof to Lichterfelde Ost from 1903. Also in 1903, the AEG company ran an overhead wire test track from Niederschöneweide to Spindlersfeld. Electrification also came about as part of the solution to increase capacity along the Hamburg-Altonaer Stadt- und Vorortbahn.

World War I interrupted the electrification plans from 1914 to 1918, which, however, were revived just afterwards. In 1920 the Prussian state railways ordered six test trains, which were first pulled by steam locomotives until electrification commenced in 1923. One year later, on 8 August 1924, the first section from Stettiner Vorortbahnhof to Bernau was inaugurated; the two other northern railway lines to Oranienburg and Velten (Kremmen Railway) followed until 1927. To service all electrified connections, Deutsche Reichsbahn purchased 34 power cars and 51 trailers in total.

In everyday operation, however, the engines soon proved to be too weak and already in 1925 upgraded versions (the later DR Class ET 168 and ET 165) were ordered in large numbers.

After the war, the East German Deutsche Reichsbahn had planned to use modernized ET 169 trains on branch lines from Wannsee to Stahnsdorf and from Zehlendorf to Düppel, or as additional trains on the northern Ringbahn and on the Siemensbahn branch from Jungfernheide. But when the Berlin S-Bahn was divided due to the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961, they were all again allocated to the Oranienburg, Bernau and Velten stretches of the line.

The trainsets were phased out from 1962 and most trains were withdrawn in 1969. Some components were re-used for the rolling stock of the  East Berlin U-Bahn line E.

See also
History of the Berlin S-Bahn

1925 in rail transport
Berlin S-Bahn
Train-related introductions in 1925

750 V DC multiple units
DRG Class ET 125. The 1941 Class ET 125, later adjusted series 276.0 (DR) or 477 (DBAG), was an electric railcar which traversed the DC-powered S-Bahn in Berlin during 1934/35. It was built in 1936 and 1938. The cars, which were popularly known as banker trains, were rebuilt after World War II and the series ET / EB 166 adapted. Among other things, they lost the more powerful 1949/50 traction motors. From the 1970s, they were included in the modernization program and in series 277 rebuilt (after 1991 477/877), they were used on Berlin's S-Bahn network until 2003.

These trains were deployed when the section between Potsdamer Ringbahnhof and Wannsee were electrified including the part of Zehlendorf stretch.

Berlin S-Bahn
Train-related introductions in 1934
Research Frontiers. Research Frontiers is a nanotechnology company based in Woodbury, New York that was founded by Robert Saxe in 1965 to develop light control technology from Polaroid. The company develops and licenses its patented SPD-SmartGlass technology. The company currently has six full-time employees.

Industries 

Research Frontiers' technology is applicable in transportation production, including aircraft, vehicles, boats, and yachts. It is also marketed for architectural development of residential homes and commercial offices, and for art and artifact conservation.

References

Nanotechnology companies
Technology companies of the United States
Manufacturing companies based in New York (state)
American companies established in 1965
Technology companies established in 1965
Tarmac. Tarmac may refer to:

Engineered surfaces
 Tarmacadam, a mainly historical tar-based material for macadamising road surfaces, patented in 1902
 Asphalt concrete, a macadamising material using asphalt instead of tar which has largely superseded tarmacadam
 Tarmac colloquial term often applied to any paved surface of an airport, regardless of material, including the
 Airport apron
 Taxiway
 Runway

Companies
 Tarmac (company), a British building materials company 
 Tarmac Building Products, the construction materials division of Tarmac
 Tarmac Group, former UK-based multinational building materials and construction company
 Tarmac Construction, part of Tarmac Group until 1999 when sold off as Carillion

See also
 Tarmak, a village in Sakht Sar Rural District, Central District of Ramsar County, Mazandaran Province, Iran
 Tarmac scam or tarmacking, a confidence trick
Magnus Langseth. Magnus Langseth (born 18 June 1952) is a Norwegian researcher. He is a professor at the Department of Structural Engineering at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) in Trondheim, Norway. «His research is primarily related to impact and crashworthiness of aluminium and high-strength steel structures as well as lightweight ballistic protection. Included here is the development of test facilities for material testing at elevated rates of strain as well as facilities for impact and crashworthiness testing of components and structures.»

He is also the Director of SFI CASA at NTNU for the period 2015–2023. SFI is short for Senter for forskningsdrevet innovasjon = Centre for Research-based Innovation, and CASA is part of the SFI scheme administered by the Research Council of Norway. Langseth was the Director of another SFI, SIMLab, from 2007 through 2014.

He graduated from the Norwegian Institute of Technology (NTH) as a civil engineer in 1976, and worked for some years as a consulting engineer. In 1983 he went back to NTH (now integrated in NTNU) where he took his doctorate in 1988 with the thesis Dropped objects : plugging capacity of steel plates. He was appointed professor in 1995.

He is the Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Impact Engineering, and sits on the editorial boards of the journals Multidiscipline Modeling in Materials and Structures and Ships and Offshore Structures.


Honours 
Langseth is a member of the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters and the Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences.

He was awarded the "Médaille Albert Portevin" by Société française de métallurgie et de matériaux, SF2M 
in 2005. The medal is awarded by SF2M every two years, to a French or foreign person who has made an outstanding contribution in the areas in which Portevin distinguished himself, especially in processing and formatting properties of materials.

In 2009 he was appointed Honorary Doctor at the Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambrésis.

Publications 

 (The Norwegian Scientific Index)

References

Sources 
Elsevier's information on Langseth
NTNU's information on Langseth

Academic staff of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology
Members of the Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences
Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters
1952 births
Living people
List of surviving examples of mass-produced aircraft. This is a list of surviving examples of mass-produced aircraft, specifically those that are notable solely or primarily for still existing. To illustrate, the Enola Gay is excluded from this list, but included in List of individual aircraft because it dropped the first atomic bomb.

Note: Period indicates when the aircraft was/is in flyable condition.

See also

 List of surviving Avro Lancasters
 List of surviving Avro Vulcans
 List of displayed Bell AH-1 Cobras
 List of displayed Bell UH-1 Iroquois
 List of surviving Blackburn Buccaneers
 List of surviving Boeing B-17 Flying Fortresses
 List of surviving Boeing B-29 Superfortresses
 List of surviving Boeing B-47 Stratojets
 List of displayed Boeing B-52 Stratofortresses
 List of surviving Cessna T-37 Tweets
 List of surviving Consolidated B-24 Liberators
 List of surviving Consolidated PBY Catalinas
 List of surviving Curtiss P-40s
 List of surviving Curtiss C-46 Commandos
 List of surviving de Havilland Mosquitos
 List of surviving Douglas A-1 Skyraiders
 List of preserved Douglas A-4 Skyhawks
 List of surviving Douglas A-20 Havocs
 List of surviving Douglas A-26 Invaders
 List of surviving Focke-Wulf Fw 190s
 List of surviving Fokker D.VIIs
 List of surviving Folland Gnats
 List of surviving Gloster Meteors
 List of surviving Grumman F4F Wildcats
 List of displayed Grumman S-2 Trackers
 List of surviving Grumman TBF Avengers
 List of surviving Hawker Hurricanes
 List of airworthy Ju 52s
 List of surviving Lockheed F-104 Starfighters
 List of surviving Lockheed P-38 Lightnings
 List of surviving McDonnell F-101 Voodoos
 McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom IIs on display
 List of surviving Messerschmitt Bf 109s
 List of surviving North American B-25 Mitchells
 List of surviving North American P-51 Mustangs
 List of surviving Republic F-105 Thunderchiefs
 List of surviving Republic P-47 Thunderbolts
 List of surviving Saab 35 Drakens
 List of surviving Sabre aircraft
 List of surviving Sikorsky CH-54s
 List of surviving Supermarine Spitfires
 List of surviving Vought F4U Corsairs

Lists of aircraft
Sillénite. Sillénite or sillenite is a mineral with the chemical formula Bi12SiO20. It is named after the Swedish chemist Lars Gunnar Sillén, who mostly studied bismuth-oxygen compounds. It is found in Australia, Europe, China, Japan, Mexico and Mozambique, typically in association with bismutite.

Sillenites refer to a class of bismuth compounds with a structure similar to Bi12SiO20, whose parent structure is γ-Bi2O3, a meta-stable form of bismuth oxide. The cubic crystal sillenite structure is shared by several synthetic materials including bismuth titanate and bismuth germanate. These compounds have been extensively investigated for their non-linear optical properties.

Additional stoichiometries, and modified structures, are also found in  Bi25GaO39, Bi25FeO39, and Bi25InO39. These compounds have gathered recent interest due to their photocatalytic properties.

Recently, sillenites have also gathered interest as heavy metal glass ceramics. They are considered  promising materials for laser technology as
they combine strong nonlinear properties, relative ease of manufacturing, and low production cost.

References

Oxide minerals
Bismuth minerals
Cubic minerals
Minerals in space group 197
Minerals described in 1943