omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
SpaceNews. SpaceNews is a print and digital publication that covers business and political news in the space and satellite industry. SpaceNews provides news, commentary and analysis to an audience of government officials, politicians and executives within the space industry. SpaceNews details topics in civil, military and space and the satellite communications business.

SpaceNews covers important news in North America, Europe, Asia, Africa, the Middle East and South America from NASA, the European Space Agency, and private spaceflight firms such as Arianespace, International Launch Services, SpaceX and United Launch Alliance.  The magazine regularly features profiles on relevant and important figures within the space industry. These profiles have featured numerous government leaders, corporate executives and other knowledgeable space experts, including NASA administrators Richard Truly, Daniel Goldin, Sean O’Keefe, Michael Griffin and Charles Boldin.

Founded in 1989, SpaceNews publishes its flagship magazine 12 times per year. Brian Berger, a journalist who joined SpaceNews in 1998 to cover NASA and reusable launch vehicles, was named editor-in-chief in January 2016.

SpaceNews produces and publishes several electronic newsletters, including First Up, First Up Satcom, SN Military.Space and SpaceNews This Week.

SpaceNews produces the official show daily of the Space Symposium, a civil, military and commercial space conference the Space Foundation holds annually in Colorado Springs, Colorado. The show daily is a tabloid-size print publication distributed to attendees during the conference. In 2018, SpaceNews began producing a print show daily for AIAA and Utah State University's Conference on Small Satellites, held each August on the campus of Utah State University in Logan, Utah.

SpaceNews was originally owned by the Army Times Publishing Company, which was acquired by Gannett in 1997. In 2000, Space.com (later renamed Imaginova) acquired SpaceNews from Gannett. SpaceNews is currently owned by Pocket Ventures, LLC., which acquired the publication from Imaginova in June 2012.

References

External links
 

American science websites
Business magazines published in the United States
Magazines established in 1989
Magazines published in Virginia
Science and technology magazines published in the United States
Websites related to spaceflight
JNR Class ED73. The  was a Bo-Bo wheel arrangement AC electric locomotive type operated by Japanese National Railways (JNR) in Kyushu, Japan, between 1962 and the 1980s.

Design
The Class ED73 design was broadly derived from the Class ED72 locomotives introduced a year earlier, but as the Class ED73 was primarily intended for use on freight services, it did not include a steam generator for train heating, and was therefore  shorter than the Bo-2-Bo wheel arrangement Class ED72. The DT119B bogies were also almost identical to those used on the full-production Class ED72 locomotives.

History
A total of 22 locomotives were built by Toshiba between 1962 and 1963. The first locomotives were delivered to Moji Depot in northern Kyushu.

In the late 1960s, the entire class was modified with improved braking performance for use on express freight services, and the locomotives were renumbered in the ED73 10xx series. The locomotive numbers were painted yellow at this time. In later years, the class was also used on overnight sleeping car services, as these trains did not require steam heating.

The class was withdrawn by the early 1980s. No examples of the class have been preserved.

Classification

The ED73 classification for this locomotive type is explained below.
 E: Electric locomotive
 D: Four driving axles
 7x: AC locomotive with maximum speed exceeding

References

Electric locomotives of Japan
Bo-Bo locomotives
Toshiba locomotives
1067 mm gauge locomotives of Japan
Railway locomotives introduced in 1962
Sand 9. Sand 9 is a fabless Micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) company based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Sand 9 developed a piezoelectric MEMS resonator to serve as an alternative for quartz timing devices in applications such as smart phones, low-power wireless devices, and communications infrastructure equipment.

Sand 9 was co-founded by Pritiraj Mohanty and Matt Crowley in 2007. Vincent Graziani is the CEO.

History
Pritiraj Mohanty, a Boston University physicist, and Matt Crowley, former director of Boston University's technology development fund, co-founded Sand 9 in 2007. The company aimed to produce timing products with a better price-to-performance ratio than quartz in core markets.

Sand 9 introduced their first two products, TM061 and TM361, on September 3, 2013. TM061 and TM361 are precision MEMS timing products for the Internet of Things and mobile devices. On November 18, 2013, the TM651 was introduced for communications infrastructure, industrial and military applications. According to EE Times, a trade publication, the TM651 is the first high-precision temperature compensated MEMS oscillator (TCMO) to meet the noise and stability demands of communication, industrial and military applications. TM061 started sampling to lead customers in November and the TM361 in December 2013.

GLOBALFOUNDRIES, a semiconductor foundry, is Sand 9's foundry partner. GLOBALFOUNDRIES produces approximately one thousand 200 mm wafers per month.

Funding
Flybridge Capital led Sand 9's series A funding round in 2008. Their Series B funding raised $12 million and was reported in May 2010. In June 2012, Sand 9 raised $23 million in its series C funding round, led by Intel with participation from Vulcan capital and Analog Devices. Ericsson contributed $3 million in September 2012.

Piezoelectric Micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS)
Sand 9 developed its piezoelectric MEMS resonator technology as an alternative to quartz timing devices. Sand 9 uses aluminum nitride, a thin film that is deposited using standard semiconductor/MEMS fabrication technology, for the piezoelectric layer. The silicon MEMS products are smaller than comparable quartz devices and currently operate at fundamental frequencies up to 125 MHz. Silicon-based MEMS products can simplify system design, reduce part counts, simplify the supply chain, and improve manufacturing yields when compared to quartz. Sand 9 MEMS products can be co-packaged and overmolded with standard semiconductor ICs to eliminate the need for external timing.

References

Companies based in Cambridge, Massachusetts
Craig Henriquez. Craig Shelby Henriquez (1958/1959 – August 24, 2023) was an American biomedical engineer, Professor of Biomedical Engineering and Computer Science at the Duke University, and was the co-founder and co-director of the Center for Neuroengineering. His research interests were in the areas of large-scale computer modeling of the cardiac bidomain and neuroengineering.

Biography 
Craig Shelby Henriquez received the Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degree in biomedical engineering and electrical engineering from Duke University in 1981. He continued his studies at Duke and received the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree in biomedical engineering in 1988. His Ph.D. advisor was Robert Plonsey and his dissertation was titled "Structure and Volume Conductor Effects on Propagation in Cardiac Tissue".

In 1989, Henriquez was appointed Research Assistant Professor in 1989, Assistant Professor in 1991, and Associate Professor in 1998 in the Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Computer Science at Duke University. In 2001, he was named the first Medtronics Visiting Professor of Virtual Electrophysiology, in the Department of Cardiology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.

In 2003, he and Miguel Nicolelis founded and co-directed the Center for Neuroengineering where they developed a Brain Machine Interface in which electrode arrays were implanted into a monkey's brain that were able to detect the monkey's motor intent and thus able to control reaching and grasping movements performed by a robotic arm.

Henriquez was elected to serve as the chair of the Duke University's Academic Council from 2009-2011. He was the James L. and Elizabeth M. Vincent Professor of Biomedical Engineering and served as the chairman of the Department of Biomedical engineering from 2011 to 2014. He also served on several journal editorial boards.

Craig Henriquez died on August 24, 2023, at the age of 64.

Awards 
 1992, Young Investigator's (FIRST) Award from the NIH 1997
 2001, the Bass Professor from Duke University
 2006, elected a Fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering

Selected publications 
Articles, a selection

 .
 .

References

External links 
 Duke University faculty profile

1950s births
Year of birth uncertain
2023 deaths
American biomedical engineers
Duke University faculty
Fellows of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering
Duke University Pratt School of Engineering alumni
Port Harcourt Refining Company. The Port Harcourt Refining Company, (abbreviated PHRC), is a Nigeria-based oil and gas company primarily specializing in the refining of crude oil into petroleum products. It is headquartered in Port Harcourt metropolitan area of Rivers State, southeastern Nigeria. The company is a subsidiary of the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC).

Located in Alesa Eleme just to the southeast of Port Harcourt, the company operates two oil refineries, including an old plant commissioned in 1965 that can process  per stream day, as well as the new plant commissioned in 1989, which has a capacity of  per stream day. Both oil refineries possess a combined capacity of  per stream day.

The refinery in Port Harcourt, along with other state-owned refineries in the country, has only utilised a fraction of its capacity in recent decades due to inefficient processes and a lack of maintenance. This has led to Nigeria, Africa's largest crude oil producer, becoming increasingly reliant on imports of refined petroleum products.

In March 2021, the Nigerian government approved expenditure of GBP 1.08 billion (USD 1.5 billion) for the refurbishment and modernisation of the refinery complex in Port Harcourt. The main contract for the modernisation of the refinery was also awarded in the same month.

The renovation project for the refinery in Port Harcourt, which will be carried out in three phases, is scheduled for completion by 2025.

Old plant 
The old refinery comprises a crude distillation unit (CDU), a catalytic reforming unit (CRU) and a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) plant.

New plant 
The new refinery in Port Harcourt includes a crude distillation unit (CDU), a vacuum distillation unit (VDU), a naphtha hydrotreating unit (NHTU), a catalytic reforming unit (CRU), a continuous catalyst regeneration unit (CCR), a paraffin hydrotreating unit, a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit and a dimersol unit for converting propylene into a petrol blend product. (You can find a comprehensive description of most of these units in the article about the Dangote refinery in Lekki here.)

There is also a butamer isomerisation plant, an alkylation plant, a hydrogen purification plant, a fuel gas vaporiser and plants for treating acidic water and lye.

The refinery complex 
The refinery complex has an 84 MW gas fired electric power plant, and four boilers each with a steam generation capacity of 120 tonnes (t) per hour.

The refinery products include petrol, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, paraffin for aircraft and households, low-viscosity fuel oil (LPFO) and high-viscosity fuel oil (HPFO).

References

External links
PHRC web page

Companies based in Port Harcourt
Economy of Port Harcourt
Oil and gas companies of Nigeria
Manufacturing companies of Nigeria
Landmarks in Port Harcourt
Energy in Rivers State
1960s establishments in Rivers State
Nigerian companies established in 1965
Time-triggered architecture. Time-triggered architecture (abbreviated as TTA), also known as a time-triggered system, is a computer system that executes one or more sets of tasks according to a predetermined and set task schedule. Implementation of a TT system will typically involve use of a single interrupt that is linked to the periodic overflow of a timer.  This interrupt may drive a task scheduler (a restricted form of real-time operating system).  The scheduler willin turnrelease the system tasks at predetermined points in time.

History and development 

Because they have highly deterministic timing behavior, TT systems have been used for many years to develop safety-critical aerospace and related systems.

An early text that sets forth the principles of time triggered architecture, communications, and sparse time approaches is Real-Time Systems:  Design Principles for Distributed Embedded Applications in 1997.

Use of TT systems was popularized by the publication of Patterns for Time-Triggered Embedded Systems (PTTES) in 2001 and the related introductory book Embedded C in 2002. The PTTES book also introduced the concepts of time-triggered hybrid schedulers (an architecture for time-triggered systems that require task pre-emption) and shared-clock schedulers (an architecture for distributed time-triggered systems involving multiple, synchronized, nodes).

Since publication of PTTES, extensive research work on TT systems has been carried out.

Current applications 

Time-triggered systems are now commonly associated with international safety standards such as IEC 61508 (industrial systems), ISO 26262 (automotive systems), IEC 62304 (medical systems) and IEC 60730 (household goods).

Alternatives 

Time-triggered systems can be viewed as a subset of a more general event-triggered (ET) system architecture (see event-driven programming).

Implementation of an ET system will typically involve use of multiple interrupts, each associated with specific periodic events (such as timer overflows) or aperiodic events (such as the arrival of messages over a communication bus at random points in time).  ET designs are traditionally associated with the use of what is known as a real-time operating system (or RTOS), though use of such a software platform is not a defining characteristic of an ET architecture.

See also 

 Event-driven programming (an alternative architecture for computer systems)
 IEC 61508 (a related safety standard)
 ISO 26262 (a related safety standard)
 DO-178C (a related safety standard)
 Life-critical system (a common application for TT architectures)

References 

Software architecture
Safety
Safety engineering
International standards
Electrical standards
IEC standards
Automotive standards
Automotive safety
Networks
Lanthanum manganite. Lanthanum manganite is an inorganic compound with the formula LaMnO3, often abbreviated as LMO. Lanthanum manganite is formed in the perovskite structure, consisting of oxygen octahedra with a central Mn atom. The cubic perovskite structure is distorted into an orthorhombic structure by a strong Jahn–Teller distortion of the oxygen octahedra.

LaMnO3 often has lanthanum vacancies as evidenced by neutron scattering. For this reason, this material is usually referred as LaMnO3+ẟ. These vacancies generate a structure with a rhombohedral unit cell in this perovskite. A temperatures below 140 K, this LaMnO3+ẟ semiconductor exhibit a ferromagnetic order.

Synthesis
Lanthanum manganite can be prepared via solid-state reactions at high temperatures, using their oxides or carbonates. An alternative method is to use lanthanum nitrate and manganese nitrate as raw materials. The reaction occurs at high temperature after the solvents are vaporized.

Lanthanum manganite alloys
Lanthanum manganite is an electrical insulator and an A-type antiferromagnet. It is the parent compound of several important alloys, often termed rare-earth manganites or colossal magnetoresistance oxides. These families include lanthanum strontium manganite, lanthanum calcium manganite and others.

In lanthanum manganite, both the La and the Mn are in the +3 oxidation state. Substitution of some of the La atoms by divalent atoms such as Sr or Ca induces a similar amount of tetravalent Mn4+ ions. Such substitution, or doping can induce various electronic effects, which form the basis of a rich and complex electron correlation phenomena that yield diverse electronic phase diagrams in these alloys.

See also
 Super exchange
 Double exchange
 Jahn–Teller effect
 Electron correlation

References

Lanthanum compounds
Manganates
Perovskites
Harry Bulkeley Creswell. Harry Bulkeley Creswell FRIBA (1869–1960), was a British architect and author.

Biography

Born on 18 May 1869, Harry Creswell was educated at Bedford School and at Trinity College, Dublin. He was articled to Sir Aston Webb RA in 1890, before establishing his own architectural practice in 1899. He was an Inspecting Engineer for the Crown Agents to the Colonies and designed the turbine factory in Queensferry, Flintshire, built between 1901 and 1906 and described by Edward Hubbard as a rare English precursor of Functionalism, Brookwood American Cemetery and Memorial (in association with Egerton Swartwout), and the New Parthenon Room at the British Museum.

Creswell was the author of a number of novels, including Thomas (1918), Thomas Settles Down (1919), The Honeywood File (1929) The Honeywood Settlement (1930), Jago versus Swillerton and Toomer (1931),  Diary from a Dustbin (1935), Grig (1942), and Grig in Retirement (1943). He wrote two children's books: Marytary (1928) and Johnny and Marytary (1936). He was also a contributor to the Architectural Review, the Architects' Journal, Black and White and Punch, writing under the pseudonym Karshish.

Harry Creswell died on 4 July 1960.

References

Alumni of Trinity College Dublin
People educated at Bedford School
1869 births
1960 deaths
20th-century British novelists
20th-century British architects
Fellows of the Royal Institute of British Architects
DROMLAN. Dronning Maud Land Air Network Project (DROMLAN) is a coordinated project between eleven countries with bases in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica () to create a coordinated logistics service to reduce costs. The participating countries are Belgium, Finland, Germany, India, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, Russia, South Africa, Sweden and United Kingdom. The services are operated using Russian Ilyushin 76, Norwegian and Swedish C-130 Hercules and Norwegian P-3 Orion aircraft, also occasionally visited by other types of aircraft  The flights operate from Cape Town International Airport to Troll Airfield, with a flight time of up to nine hours for a Hercules aircraft, and five and a half hours for an Il-76.

Feeder services to other research stations are operated by two Basler BT-67 (type converted DC-3/C-47), operated by the South African company Antarctic Logistics Centre International or other operators. Services are operated to Aboa (Finnish), Dome F (Japanese), Halley (British), Kohnen (German), Maitri (Indian), Neumayer (German), Novolazarevskaya (Russian), Princess Elisabeth (Belgian), SANAE IV (South African), Showa (Japanese), Tor (Norwegian) and Wasa (Swedish). In the 2007–08 season, 720 people were transported to Antarctica via DROMLAN. The airport is not open for commercial or other private flights.

References 

Queen Maud Land
Aviation in Antarctica
Leitner Ropeways. Leitner Ropeways is a business that manufactures and distributes products and equipment for ropeways, snow groomers, urban transportation systems, and wind energy in Italy and internationally. The company was founded in 1888 and was recognized in 2003 to be owned by the Leitner Group, later the HTI Group. The company also provides spare parts, repairs and testing.

Products

Leitner Ropeways manufactures various types of ropeways, such as fixed-grip and detachable chairlifts; monocable, bicable, and tricable gondola lifts; telemix; surface lifts; aerial tramways; funiculars; and inclined elevators.

History
In 1888, Gabriel Leitner established the business, specializing in farm machinery, ropeways for material transportation, waterwheels and sawmills. In 1925, the company grew from a workshop employing 10 employees to a factory to produce agricultural machinery. In 1947, the company build its first chairlift in Corvara, Italy. In 1970, agricultural machinery production ceased and was replaced by snow groomer engineering. In 1980 a production plant was built. In 1983, the company developed a detachable grip for chairlifts and gondola lifts. In 1985, the first detachable gondola lifts were made in Brunico and Valtournenche, Italy. The first 4-seater chair was made in Obereggen, Italy. In 1999, the company acquired the ropeway division of Waagner Biro.

In 2003, a company-wide reorganization resulted in the Leitner Group being formed. In the same year, the Leitwind wind turbine was released. In 2008 the MiniMetro was first built in Perugia, Italy. In 2009, Leitner produced the company's first tricable gondola lift.

Agudio
Originally founded in 1861, Agudio was later acquired by Leitner Ropeways. In 2015, Agudio was integrated into Leitner Ropeways, however, the brand was retained.

Sites 
The company has five sites. The Sterzing site located in Sterzing/Vipiteno, Italy, serves as the headquarters of Leitner AG / SpA. The Sterzing-Unterackern site is also located in Sterzing/Vipiteno, Italy. Leitner GmbH is located at the site in Telfs, Austria. Leitner France SAS is located at the site in Montmélian, France. Leitech s.r.o. is located at the Stará Ľubovňa site in Poprad, Slovakia.

References 

Companies of Italy
Aerial lift manufacturers
Manufacturing companies established in 1888
Italian brands
Manufacturing companies based in South Tyrol
1888 establishments in Austria-Hungary
Wind turbine manufacturers
Renewable energy technology companies
Wind power in Italy
Inflatable Raiding Craft. The Inflatable Raiding Craft (IRC) is a series of fast raiding and assault craft in service with the Royal Navy (incl. the Royal Marines and the Special Boat Service). Despite being among the smallest of the amphibious craft, the IRC is one of the most widely used due to its mobility and versatility.  The IRC is essentially a type of inflatable boat, the American equivalent is the Combat Rubber Raiding Craft.

Specifications
The Inflatable Raiding Craft has the following specifications:
Weight (full): 1,250 kg (1.25 tonnes)
Length: 
Width : 
Speed (full): 
Endurance: 2 hours
Troops: 6 Royal Marines (1 driver, 5 fully equipped troops)

See also
List of active Royal Marines military watercraft

References

External links
Royal Marines - Landing Craft (royalnavy.mod.uk)

Amphibious warfare vessels of the United Kingdom
Landing craft
Royal Marines
Military boats
Silver Marlin. Silver Marlin is an Israeli unmanned surface vehicle (USV) designed for maritime patrol missions. It is equipped with a 7.62mm remote-controlled stabilized weapon station as well as observation and satellite communication systems. It has an endurance of 24–36 hours, with a primary mission of reconnaissance, surveillance, force protection/anti-terror, anti-surface and anti-mine warfare, search and rescue, port and waterway patrol, battle damage assessment, pollution detection and treatment as well as electronic warfare.

The Silver Marlin is  long and  weight, and it has  payload capacity, and is powered by two 315 hp diesel engines.

References

External links
 New Tools for New Rules PDF
 Elbit Systems Silver Marlin promo video

Unmanned surface vehicles of Israel
Reynaers Aluminium. Reynaers Aluminium is a European developer of aluminium products for the building sector. The company offers support to architects, fabricators, solar installers, project developers, investors, and end users. Headquartered in Duffel, Belgium, the company employed over 1,500 workers across 37 countries worldwide as of 2014. Furthermore, it exports its products to 72 countries spanning 5 continents. In 2013, Reynaers recorded a turnover of 317 million euros.

See also

 List of companies of Belgium

References

Aluminium companies of Belgium
Building materials companies
Belgian brands
Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1965
Manufacturing companies established in 1965
Companies based in Antwerp Province
Duffel