omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Institut de biologie physico-chimique. The Institut de biologie physico-chimique (IBPC) is a research center located in Paris, in the “Curie campus”, in the 5th arrondissement. Administratively it is a research federation (FR550) of the National Center for Scientific Research.

History and description 
It was created after a donation from Edmond de Rothschild in 1927 at the instigation of the French physicist and Nobel Prize winner Jean Perrin who, noting the inadequacies of university research that was too compartmentalized, wanted to promote interdisciplinarity and create a new profession, researcher in physicochemical biology, paid to understand the physicochemical processes of living things, at the macroscopic, microscopic and molecular scales, with fields of application opening up to biosphere-climate interactions as well as pedology, agronomy, physiology, cytology or medicine, among others. The center, whose architect is Germain Debré, opened its doors in 1930. The campus where it is located is served by the Paris Métro (Monge or Cluny-La Sorbonne stations) and RER B (Luxembourg station).

References

External links 
 Official website

Research institutes in France
Research institutes established in 1927
1927 establishments in France
5th arrondissement of Paris
Paris Sciences et Lettres University
Bofors 40 Mk4. The Bofors 40 Mk4 naval gun system is a lightweight multi-purpose naval cannon. It fires programmable Bofors 40 mm 3P all-target ammunition to engage ships, aircraft, anti-ship missiles and shore targets. It is a modern naval version of the Bofors 40 mm L/70۔ The gun can engage target in less than 0.5 seconds after the warning.

Ammunition 
Bofors 40 mm 3P all-target programmable ammunition allows six modes including three proximity fuzing modes. This increases the flexibility and effectiveness of the gun system, which has further reduced the reaction time of the gun and it is possible to choose ammunition mode at the moment of firing, giving it the ability to switch rapidly between surface targets, air targets, and ground targets. Along with the 40 mm 3P, the gun can also fire other Bofors 40 mm L/70 ammunition and has the capability to rapidly switch between ammunition.

Variants 
Bofors 40 mm Mk 4 L: Proposed land-based version to install on vehicles such as RMMV HX.

Users

Current users

Belgian Navy

Brazilian Navy
: Maracanã

Finnish Navy

Japanese Coast Guard

Royal Netherlands Navy

Swedish Navy

Future users

Royal Navy
Type 31 frigate

References

Naval guns of Sweden
Naval guns of the United Kingdom
40 mm
40 mm artillery
Bofors naval guns
Weapons and ammunition introduced in 2012
Milkor 380. The Milkor 380 is a Medium-altitude long-endurance (MALE) unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), developed by the South African company Milkor. The project aimed to develop a fully South African UAV, the largest of its kind designed and manufactured in Africa, with all components built in-house.The maiden flight was on 19 September 2023.

The UAV has an operational range exceeding 2,000 kilometers, making it well-suited for long-range missions such as border surveillance, maritime patrols, and combat operations, featuring five hardpoints for various weapons and reconnaissance payloads.

The MA80 demonstrator conducted its maiden flight in 2017. Initial prototypes of the Milkor 380 were produced using a composite lay-up process. However, advancements in manufacturing techniques have led to the adoption of vacuum infusion resin manufacturing.

Operators 

 South African Air Force – 5 in service as of 2024

Specifications

General characteristics 

 Length: 9 m
 Wingspan: 18.6 m
 Maximum Take-off Weight (MTOW): 1300 kg
 Fuel capacity: 315 kg
 Payload: 220 kg
 Powerplant: 1 x four-stroke, four-cylinder turbocharged Rotax 915 iS

Performance 

 Maximum speed: 250 km/h
 Cruise speed: 110-150 km/h
 Range: 4000 km
 Endurance: 30 hr
 Service ceiling: 30,000 ft
 Operational altitude: 23,000 ft

References

Further reading 

 Milkor 380 UAV makes maiden flight Janes Information Services

Unmanned military aircraft
Unmanned military aircraft of South Africa
Unmanned aerial vehicles
Quantum Flagship. The Quantum Technologies Flagship is a European Union scientific research initiative. With a budget of €1 billion, it is one of the large scale initiatives organized by the Future and Emerging Technologies program, along with the Human Brain Project and the Graphene Flagship.The Quantum Flagship funds over 5,000 Europeans researchers over ten years. Its long-term vision is to develop in Europe a quantum web, where quantum computers, simulators and sensors are interconnected via quantum communication networks. The objective being to develop in Europe a competitive quantum industry making research results available as commercial applications and disruptive technologies.

Beginning of the flagship
In 2016, the European Commissioner for digital economy and society Günther Oettinger invited the quantum community to provide a common European strategy on quantum technologies. Endorsed by 3.400 individuals from academia and industry, a “quantum manifesto” was released in May 2016 in the Netherlands The document called for the European Commission to launch an ambitious European initiative in quantum technologies to ensure Europe's leading role in a technological revolution underway.
Following this document, the European Commission appointed a High Level Steering Committee, composed of 12 academic members and 12 industry members, to deliver a strategic research agenda, an implementation model and a governance model for the quantum technologies flagship. The report of this committee was delivered in 2017, giving a long-term vision of a “quantum web” and the flagship was launched in 2018, bringing under the same brand research institutions, industry, and public funders. The quantum technologies flagship with an expected budget of €1 billion from the EU over 10 years aims to support the transformation of European research into commercial applications.

In October 2018, the recipients of the first grants were announced, for a total of €132 million distributed among 20 projects and three years.

References 

European Commission projects
Quantum computing
Horizon 2020 projects
Content Tower. Content Tower is a seventeen-story building located in Yenagoa, Bayelsa state, Nigeria. The tower construction started in the year 2015 and Megastar Technical and Construction Company (MTCC) was the contractor of the project. The tower building was commissioned by former president of Nigeria, President Muhammadu Buhari on 13 August 2020 through virtual inauguration. The Nigerian Content Development & Monitoring Board (NDCMB), which is in charge of implementing the local content development strategy for Nigeria's oil and gas industry in accordance with the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry Content Development (NOGICD) Act (2010), has its headquarters in the tower building.

The building housed Elebele's 10 megawatt gas-fired Independent Power Plant, a four-level parking structure, and a 1000-seat auditorium.

References

Bayelsa State
Office buildings completed in 2020
Skyscraper office buildings in Nigeria
Avionics bay. Avionics bay, also known as E&E bay or electronic equipment bay in aerospace engineering is known as compartment in an aircraft that houses the avionics and other electronic equipment, such as flight control computers, navigation systems, communication systems, and other electronic equipment essential for the operation. It is designed to be modular with individual components that can be easily removed and replaced in case of failure and is designed to be highly reliable and fault-tolerant with various backup systems.

In larger commercial airplanes, the main avionics compartment is typically located in the forward section of the aircraft under the cockpit. Purpose of its location is to provide easy access to the avionics and other electronic equipment for maintenance and repair.

For example, on larger aircraft such as the Boeing 747-400, the avionics bays are divided into 3 parts - the main equipment center (MEC), the center equipment center (CEC) and the aft equipment center (AEC).

Components 
Typically avionics bay contain plug-in modules for:

 Flight Control Computer (FCC)
 Autopilot
 Automatic flight director system (AFDS)
 Autothrottle system (A/T)
 Mode control panel (MCP)
 Flight management computer (FMC)
Primary flight computers (PFC)
Actuator control electronics (ACE)
Flight data recorder
Cockpit voice recorder
Battery and battery charger

The avionics bay also contains the oxygen tanks for the pilots in case of a cabin depressurization

Thermal management in spacecraft 
In spacecraft, smoke detection is not practical for avionics bays as there is no forced airflow in the compartment. Suppressants, such as Halon, operate by either chemically interrupting the combustion process or by reducing the oxygen concentration within the bay's atmosphere.

In popular culture 
The avionics bay of a 747-200 was used as a way to deploy the military into an aircraft in the movie Executive Decision

References 

Avionics
Aircraft instruments
Aircraft systems
Aerospace engineering
Aircraft
List of astronauts of Indian origin. As of 2024, Five people of Indian origin have been in space. The first astronaut of the Indian nationality, in space was Rakesh Sharma on Soyuz T-11 in 1984. Three astronauts – Kalpana Chawla, Sunita Williams and Raja Chari – flew as NASA astronauts. Sirisha Bandla is the first and only Indian-born woman to make a suborbital flight as a space tourist, which she did on Virgin Galactic Unity 22 on July 11, 2021.

Williams with three spaceflights, have the record of most number of spaceflights by an astronaut of Indian origin. Williams and Chari are the only astronauts to have made long-term spaceflights.

Orbital

Suborbital

References

External links 
ISRO

India
Astronauts
Space programme of India
Plutonium nitride. Plutonium nitride is a binary inorganic compound of plutonium and nitrogen with the chemical formula .

Synthesis
Plutonium nitride can be prepared by the reaction of plutonium hydrides with nitrogen or ammonia at a temperature of 650 °C and a pressure of 0.3 kPa.

Another method to prepare plutonium nitride is from the reduction of plutonium(III) iodide with sodium in liquid ammonia:

Other reactions can also produce plutonium nitride:
 (at 1000°C)
 (at 800–900°C)

Physical properties
Plutonium nitride forms grey crystals in the cubic system with Fm3m space group. It can be dissolved electrochemically.

Uses
Plutonium nitride can be used as fuel in nuclear reactors.

References

Nitrides
Plutonium compounds
Nitrogen compounds
Boris Ugrimov. Boris Ivanovich Ugrimov  (;  – 10 May 1941) was a Russian electrical engineer who played a significant role in the development of electrification in the Soviet Union.

Early years
Boris was the elder brother of Alexander Ugrimov (1874-1974) who became president of the Moscow Society for Agriculture before the Bolshevik seizure of power in October 1917.
Ugrimov graduated from the Imperial Moscow Technical School in 1897.

GOELRO
Boris Ugrumov was one of the eight people appointed to lead the development of GOELRO, the State Commission for Electrification of Russia established on 27 February, 1920. He represented the People's Commissariat of Agriculture.

References

1872 births
1941 deaths
Russian electrical engineers
Soviet electrical engineers
Graduates of the 5th Moscow Gymnasium
Aselsan Albatros-K. Albatros-K is a Turkish catamaran-type  high-speed unmanned surface vessel (USV) of the Turkish Navy developed by the Turkish defense company  Aselsan.

History 
The catamaran-type USV Albatros-K (, İDA) was developed by the Turkish state-owned defense company Aselsan for the needs of the Turkish Naval Forces. She entered service with the Turkish Navy in 2017 following naval tests and shooting training.

Caharacteristics 
Albatros-K is a catamaran-type unmanned high-speed craft of the Aselsan Albatros USV family, developed to be used as a moving seaborne target of artillery gunfire, close-in weapon and guided missile shooting by surface and air platforms at naval trainings at naval trainings. She is capable of performing specified scenarios in autonomous, semi-autonomous or remote command mode of navigation. Various target tasks can be carried out with different payloads. The real-time images of the target boat during the training are taken and transferred to the control station by Aselsan ARI-1T rotary-wing drone.

She is  long, and has a beam of . She weighs . She can cruise at a speed of  within a controllable range of  in total operation time of 6 hours. The craft is powered by two Diesel inboard motors at tail.

See also 
 Aselsan Albatros USV family
 Aselsan Albatros-S, swarm-type USV

References 

Unmanned surface vehicles of Turkey
Ships of the Turkish Navy
Aselsan products
2017 ships
Ships built in Turkey
High-speed craft
Catamarans
Joseph Körösi. Joseph Körösi (16 June 1811 in Szeged – 31 January 1868 in Graz) was an Austrian Empire industrialist and the founder of today's Andritz AG.

Biography 
After a three year's apprenticeship in iron retail in Szeged and years of travel which also led him to Pest in 1829, Körösi started to work in warehousing in Graz in 1831. Together with a partner he bought a factory specialised on chains in 1836 which he transformed from manual to machine production. In 1841 he became the sole owner of that factory which was located in the city of Graz. Körösi expanded the product range by machines and metal goods from 1848 onwards. In 1852 he had a new production plant built which comprised a joined hardware store. That plant called Andritzer Maschinenfabrik was located in Andritz which is today a district of Graz. Starting with forged goods and small machines, Körösi's business later included iron foundry as well as bridge and boiler construction. In 1854 Körösi employed a staff of 100 rising to 600 labourers only ten years later. He thus became one of Austria's most important machine manufacturers of that time. 

Körösi established comprehensive social benefits for his employees including the building of residential homes for them, the support of school activities for their children as well as funds and schemes for health care, invalidity and pension. There were also welfare benefits for widows and orphans. Some of those funds existed well after his death. Josef Körösi was married to Katharina née Wirth (born 1817). They had an adopted son called Viktor who was born in 1848. After Josef Körösi's death caused by a respiratory failure, his adopted son Viktor Körösi took over his father's business. 

In Graz, a secondary school and a street are named after Josef Körösi.

Notes 

1811 births
1868 deaths
Industrialists
People from the Austrian Empire
Christine D. Keating. Christine D. Keating is an American scientist who is the Shapiro Professor of Chemistry at Pennsylvania State University. Her research involves colloid and interface chemistry for biology and materials science.

Early life and education 
Keating studied biology and chemistry at Saint Francis University. She moved to Pennsylvania State University for her doctorate. She was made a postdoctoral researcher in Penn State in 1997.

Research and career 
In 1999, Keating became assistant professor and she was promoted to associate professor in 2007. Keating specializes in colloids and interfaces in chemistry, materials and biology. She builds artificial cells and uses liquid-liquid phase separation and molecular self-assembly. She is interested in the structure-function properties of biomolecular materials. Her research looks to inform the design of pharmaceuticals and bioinspired materials.

Keating is interested in the assembly of nonbiological materials (e.g. metallic nanospheres and nanowires). Organization in these systems arises due to the inter- and intra-particle interactions. Control of molecular packing at the nano- and micro-scale can impart new functionalities to materials, which can be used in sensors and optoelectronic components.

Awards and honors 
 2003 National Science Foundation CAREER Award
 2004 Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellow
 2004 Unilever Award for Outstanding Young Investigator in Colloid and Surfactant Science
 2004 Beckman Young Investigators Award
 2005 Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award
 2014 Elected Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
 2017 Penn State Faculty Scholar Medal in Life and Health Sciences

Selected publications

References 

Living people
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Saint Francis University alumni
Pennsylvania State University alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Phoenix (1987 video game). Phoenix is a single-player first-person space flight shooter released in 1987 by ERE Informatique for the Atari ST. It was later published by Infogrames for the British market. The game consists of piloting a spaceship across hyperspace routes represented by colored wireframe tiles created with vector graphics while shooting hostile gun turrets and black holes.

Gameplay 

The objective of Phoenix is to re-open 15 hyperspace routes which were closed by authorities, who also left gun turrets to guard the routes. In order to re-open the hyperspace routes, the player must pilot a spaceship known as the "Phoenix AY 21" to the end of each route. The hyperspace routes are represented by colored vector wireframe tiles. As the joystick is moved left or right, the tiles move under the ship, representing strafing movement of the craft, while the craft moves forward at a constant speed.

This movement is used to navigate the different colored sections and to dodge gun turrets and black holes. Red tiles increase the ship's energy level, which is slowly depleted as the game goes on, and is also used to fire the ship's guns. Light blue tiles and shots from gun turrets drain the ship's energy level. Green tiles cause the player to lose control of the ship. Purple tiles instantly destroy the ship, as do black holes (represented by two rotating yellow triangles) and flying off tiles into empty space. The Games Machine compared the gameplay to another game released in 1987: Cosmic Causeway: Trailblazer II, which also features colored tiles that affect the player as they move across them. Whether the Trailblazer series inspired Phoenix is unclear.

The player can also press the R button to enter an instant replay mode which replays the last flight.

Reception 

In the months following its release, Phoenix received mixed reviews. ACE (magazine) in January 1988 gave it a 887/1000, then in November of the same year dropped the rating to a 780/1000, calling the game "a bit simple for full price now". The retail price at the time was £19.95. This is equivalent to £55.37 or $69.92 in February 2024. The Games Machine similarly gave the game a 71% rating in 1988. Happy Computer and Power Play rated the game at 58/100 and 4.5/10 respectively, both indicating the game is initially fun, but gets boring quickly.

Reviews
Jeux & Stratégie #49
Aktueller Software Markt (Jan 1988)

Legacy 
Phoenix was the first game developed and released by Paul Cuisset, who later went on to be the lead developer of Delphine Software International. This company has published games for many consoles, notably including well-received games such as Amy and Flashback.

References 

1987 video games
Infogrames games
Space combat simulators
Single-player video games
Atari ST games
ERE Informatique games
Video games developed in France
Grigory Dubelir. Grigory Dmitrievich Dubelir (August 20 (September 1) 1874–1942) was a Russian transport engineer and urban planner.

GOELRO
He was one of the eight experts appointed to lead the 200 scientists gathered in February 1920 in the  "State Commission for Electrification of Russia" (GOELRO).

References

1874 births
1942 deaths
Russian urban planners
Transport engineers
Karl Krug (electrical engineer). Karl Adolfovich Krug (1873 Nemyriv1 April 24, 1952, Moscow) was a prominent Russian electrical engineer of Baltic German origin. He is credited with founding electrical engineering in Russia having established the All Union Electrical Engineering Institute in Moscow which became one of the biggest scientific research centres in Europe.

GOELRO
He was one of the eight experts appointed to lead the 200 scientists gathered in February 1920 into the  "State Commission for Electrification of Russia" (GOELRO).

References

1873 births
1952 deaths
Russian electrical engineers
People from Bratslavsky Uyezd
Soviet electrical engineers
Graduates of the 4th Moscow Gymnasium
Apollo Project EVO. The Apollo Project EVO, also known as Apollo EVO, is a mid-engine sports car made by German vehicle manufacturer Apollo Automobil GmbH, designed by Jowyn Wong. It was created as a track focused version and successor to the Intensa Emozione.

It was first unveiled at the 2021 International Import Expo (CIIE) in Shanghai, China, alongside an updated Apollo Arrow concept, and production is believed to have started in 2022. There are currently only 1 unit in existence, which is a prototype, and 10 non-prototypes will be produced in total

Specifications

Design 
The car was designed by the same designer as the Apollo Intensa Emozione, and the Apollo Arrow, Jowyn Wong.

Apollo says the Project EVO features a carbon fiber monocoque chassis, as well as active aerodynamics such as an electronically adjustable rear spoiler and aero fins.

It comes with a full range of active aerodynamics including a large retractable and adjustable rear spoiler, aero stabilizers and triangular air intakes that are clearly visible from the sides

It features a special gradient paint job, which changes from a bright red to a bright orange depending on the angle and lighting. The official models, similar to its Predecessor, the Apollo IE, will allow owners to customize their own paint jobs.

The interior is almost entirely orange and black (matching the exterior), with a few white accents such as on the inside of the steering wheel, vents, and buttons. It features 3 screens on the dash, directly above the steering wheel.

Performance 
The Apollo Evo is powered by the same modified version of the same Ferrari derived 6.3 L F140E V12 engine developed by Autotecnica Motori and HWA AG used in the IE. 

It has can accelerate from 0–100 km/h (62 mph) in under 2.8 seconds, although the exact number is yet to be confirmed.

Production 
Overall, the car will have 10 official models (not confirmed yet) with only 1 prototype, currently. 

Based off statements from official Apollo employees, the car will be priced at around US$3,000,000. It takes around 1200 hours to make each unit, and ~600 hours to paint it.

The car is intended as a track car, however there is a possibility to be considered as a street legal in some countries.

References 

Sports cars
Cars introduced in 2021
Cars of Germany
D-class lifeboat (RFD 320). The D-class (RFD 320) lifeboat is a class of inflatable boat operated between 1967 and 1983 by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution of the United Kingdom and Ireland. 

They were manufactured by R.F.D. Co.Ltd of Gadalming, Surrey, a company founded by engineer Reginald Foster Dagnall. Over time, RFD became a synonym for "Rapid Flotation Devices".

Utilization
For more than 60 years the D-class has served as the workhorse of the RNLI Inshore Lifeboat (ILB) fleet. The D-class is one of the few RNLI types not to feature a rigid hull. The D-class was specifically designed as a light and highly manoeuvrable rapid response craft, especially suited to close shore work.

There were only six D-class (RFD 320) boats in the RNLI Fleet, and all were utilised as Boarding Boats.

RNLI Fleet

References

RFD 320
Mikhail Lapirov-Skoblo. Mikhail Yakovlevich Lapirov-Skoblo (1889 Vitebsk - 1947 ) was a Russian electrical engineer.

GOELRO
He was one of the eight experts appointed to lead the 200 scientists gathered in February 1920 into the  "State Commission for Electrification of Russia" (GOELRO)

References

1889 births
1947 deaths
Russian electrical engineers
Soviet electrical engineers