Patch management. Patch management is concerned with the identification, acquisition, distribution, and installation of patches to systems. Proper patch management can be a net productivity boost for the organization. Patches can be used to defend against and eliminate potential  vulnerabilities of a system, so that no threats may exploit them. Problems can arise during patch management, including buggy patches that either fail to fix their problem or introduce new issues. Patch management tools help orchestrate all of the procedures involved in patch management.

Description 
Patch management is defined as a sub-practice of various disciplines including vulnerability management (part of security management), lifecycle management (with further possible sub-classification into application lifecycle management and release management), change management, and systems management. The practice is broadly concerned with the identification, acquisition, distribution, and installation of patches to systems. Some definitions of patch management are as a software-level practice, while others are as a systems-level process: software, drivers, and firmware.

Cost–benefit analysis 
While reserving time for patching takes up enterprise resources, there are balancing factors which can make proper patch management into a net productivity boost for the organization. Up-to-date systems often perform more efficiently, less expensively, with less errors, less security risks, and better user workflow. Additionally, compliance with changing local and federal regulations are more likely to be satisfied.

Relation to security management

Patches can be used to defend against and eliminate potential  vulnerabilities of a system, so that no threats may exploit them; therefore, patch management can be considered a sub-discipline of vulnerability management. Every patchable device in a system presents an attack surface that must be secured.

Challenges

There are a multitude of problems that can arise during patch management. A common issue is buggy patches, which either fail to fix their problem or introduce new issues. Another issue is deployment synchronization, since various subsystems may receive instructions to update at different times. Similarly, the difficulty of patch management across many devices may grow at an uncontrollable rate depending on organizational size.

One prominent demonstration of the challenges facing proper patch management was the buggy Falcon Sensor patch by CrowdStrike which caused one of the worst IT outages of all time.

Implementations

A patch management tool (alternatively patch manager, patch management system, patch management software, or centralized patch management) help orchestrate all of the procedures involved in patch management. Tools can be in-house (applied locally by local administrators), or external, as with managed service providers (applied externally by a provider).

Patch management software

 Intel Active Management Technology, used with Intel vPro technologies, has features like scheduling, upgrade verification, and remote management; implementing patches along with unified endpoint management.
  Windows Update for Business, System Center Configuration Manager, and Windows Server Update Services offer control over patch deployment, with features enabling testing, scheduling updates, and setting custom configurations on Windows platforms.

Managed service providers

 ManageEngine Patch Manager
 SolarWinds Patch Manager
 Automox
 Atera
 Kaseya VSA

References 

Information technology management
Configuration management
System administration