omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Wheeler Jump. The Wheeler Jump is a type of subroutine call methodology that was used on some early computers that lacked hardware support for saving the return address. The concept was developed by David Wheeler while working on the pioneering EDSAC machine in the 1950s. EDSAC had not been built with subroutines in mind, and lacked a suitable processor register or a hardware stack that might allow the return address to be easily stored.

Wheeler's solution was a particular way to write the subroutine code. To implement it, the last line of the subroutine was a "jump to this address" instruction, which would normally be followed by a memory location. In a Wheeler subroutine, this address was normally set to a dummy number, say 0.

To call the routine, the address of the caller would be placed in the accumulator and then the code would jump to the starting point of the routine. The first instructions in the routine would calculate the return address based on the value in the accumulator, typically the next memory location so an increment will suffice, and then write the result to the dummy address previously set aside. When the routine runs its course it naturally reaches the end of the routine which now says "jump to the return address".

As writing to memory is a slow process compared to register access, this methodology is not particularly fast. It also is not capable of expressing recursion. The addition of new registers for this sort of duty was a key design goal of EDSAC 2.

Example
This example demonstrates the technique using a pseudo-assembler language for a simple byte-oriented accumulator-based machine with a single register, A:

  'prepare to call the subroutine
 10 COPY PC TO A  ' copy the program counter (10) into the accumulator
 11 JUMP          ' jump to...
 12 70            ' ... location 70
 ... many more lines...
 70 ADD CONST     ' add the following value to the accumulator...
 71 3             ' ... three locations past the original PC value
 72 STORE         ' store the value in the accumulator to...
 73 91            ' ... the set-aside  memory location
 ... lines that perform the actual subroutine...
 90 JUMP          ' return to...
 91 0             ' ... which will be replaced by 13
 
When this code completes, the JUMP instruction in address 90 will naturally return to location 13, the next instruction after the subroutine.

References

History of computing in the United Kingdom
Subroutines
Computerized Coloring Books. Computerized Coloring Books is a collection of three games developed by Capstone Software and published by its parent company IntraCorp for MS-DOS and Amiga. A port for Windows 3.1 was planned but never released. The games are based on Bill Kroyer's film FernGully: The Last Rainforest, Don Bluth's film Rock-a-Doodle, and John Hughes's film Home Alone. The Rock-a-Doodle game was as released with Trolls and An American Tail: The Computer Adventures of Fievel and His Friends on the Capstone CD Game Kids Collection.

Gameplay
The games work as basic computerized coloring books, which require the player to fill in a line art picture. There are 16 colors available, which can be mixed for up to 256 colors. The player can choose from a selection of backgrounds and add any characters to the picture, both of which are based on scenes and characters of the respective films. The products support a wide range of printers, including dot matrix, color and laser printers.

Promotion
The FernGully game was designed to follow an environmentally friendly policy, by optionally using a computer instead of consumable paper, and using recycled paper. A coloring contest accompanied the product launch, including entry forms, for a $100 prize.

References

1992 video games
Amiga games
Cancelled Windows games
Capstone Software games
DOS games
Drawing video games
Video games based on films
Video games developed in the United States
Children's educational video games
IntraCorp games
Grace (yacht). Kibo, is a motor yacht built in 2014 by Abeking & Rasmussen. She was owned by Russian billionaire Alexander Mamut, but was sold in 2018 to John Reece and renamed Grace. With an overall length of  and a beam of .

Design
Grace'''s exterior and interior were designed by Terence Disdale. The hull is built of steel and the superstructure is made of aluminium, with teak laid decks. The yacht is Lloyd's registered, issued by Cayman Islands.Grace is  shorter than her sister ship Romea.

Amenities
Zero speed stabilizers, elevator, beach club, grand piano, swimming platform, tender garage with tender, air conditioning, underwater lights.

Performance
She is powered by twin 2,000 hp Caterpillar 3516-B diesel engines. With her  fuel tanks she has a maximum range of .

See also
 Romea Luxury yacht
 List of motor yachts by length List of yachts built by Abeking & Rasmussen''

References 

2014 ships
Motor yachts
Sabu Thomas. Sabu Thomas (born 14 March 1960) is an Indian professor who is serving as the vice-chancellor of Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala. He is also a full professor (25 March 1998 onwards) of Polymer Science and Engineering at the School of Chemical Sciences. He was the Pro-Vice Chancellor of Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala during the period of 31 August 2017 to 31 August 2018, Director of School of Chemical Science during the period of 1 November 2010 to 31 December 2013.  Hon. Director of    International & Inter-University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology during the period of 28 March 2009 to 11 September 2015, 2 February 2016 to 11 October 2017.

Early life 
Sabu Thomas was born on 14 March 1962. He completed his schooling at Kumaranalloor Devi Vilasom HSS. He studied pre-degree at CMS College, Kottayam and then obtained BSc Degree in Chemistry from Kuriakose Elias College, Mannanam, Kottayam in 1980 and Bachelor of Technology Degree in Polymer Science and Rubber Technology from Cochin University of Science and Technology in 1983. He received his PhD from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur in 1987.

Academic research 
His areas of academic research include polymer nanocomposites and cellulose nanocomposites. He is the editor of the Elsevier journal Nano-Structures & Nano-Objects.

Awards and recognition 
In 2015, he received his first Docteur Honoris Causa from University of Southern Brittany in Lorient, France. In 2016, he received his second Doctorate honoris causa from University of Lorraine, France. He was awarded the Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, London, FRSC in 2012. He received the Bronze Medal of the Chemical Research Society of India and the MRSI Medal of the Material Research Society of India in 2013. He was the recipient of Fulbright-Nehru International Education Administrators Award 2017. He received TRiLA Academician of the year 2018 award.

Academic identity 
 Google Scholar : Prof. (Dr.) Sabu Thomas – Google Scholar Citations
 Scopus : Scopus preview – Scopus – Author details (Thomas, Sabu)
 ORCID : ORCID
 ResearcherID : Prof. (Dr.) Sabu Thomas  | Publons
 Vidwan : Vidwan | Profile Page

Books 

Royal Society of Chemistry
 Biobased Aerogels: Polysaccharide and Protein-based Materials,2018 
 Natural Polymers: Volume 1: Composites, 2012

Elsevier
 Advances in Polymer Processing, 1st Edition, From Macro- To Nano- Scales, Woodhead Publishing, 2009

John Wiley & Sons

 Advanced Materials for Electromagnetic Shielding,Fundamentals, Properties, and Applications,2018

CRC Press
 Methodologies and Applications for Analytical and Physical Chemistry, 2018

Nova Publishers

 Polymer Nanocomposite Research Advances, 2008
 Progress in Polymer Nanocomposite Research, 2008

References 

Cochin University of Science and Technology alumni
Indian polymer scientists and engineers
Living people
1960 births
IIT Kharagpur alumni
20th-century Indian engineers
Academic staff of Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala
Zhou Yaohe. Zhou Yaohe ( May 1927 – 30 July 2018) was a Chinese materials scientist. He was elected as academician of the Chinese Academy of Science in 1991.

Born in May 1927, Zhou attended Tsinghua University. He went to the Soviet Union in 1953, and returned to China with a Candidate of Sciences degree from the Moscow Institute of Steel, in 1957. He specialized in solidification theory and technology for metal casting, and developed a new method of metal casting, which is used to produce aluminium alloy for aerospace engineering. He received the highest award of Chinese aviation industry in 1991.

He died on 30 July 2018 at Huadong Hospital in Shanghai, aged 91.

References 

1927 births
2018 deaths
Chinese materials scientists
Members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Academic staff of the Northwestern Polytechnical University
Scientists from Beijing
Academic staff of Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Tsinghua University alumni
Cast-in-place concrete. Cast-in-place concrete or Cast-in-situ concrete is a technology of construction of buildings where walls and slabs of the buildings are cast at the site in formwork. This differs from precast concrete technology where slabs are cast elsewhere and then brought to the construction site and assembled. It uses concrete slabs for walls instead of bricks or wooden panels, and formwork is used for both walls and roof.

Advantages of this technology are strength of the building, insulation, and versatility for different types of buildings. A disadvantage is the high amount of labor required to install and remove formwork.

See also 
 Precast concrete
 Formwork

References 

Building engineering
Badger Explorer. Badger Explorer ASA () was a Norwegian company headquartered in Stavanger, Norway. It developed a technology used to explore and map the extent of hydrocarbon resource and reserve base and provide long-term monitoring. Badger Explorer ASA was listed on the Oslo stock exchange in 2007 and has new ticker from May 2017. In 2018 the company changed name to Hunter Group ASA.

Technology
The technology is based on an invention of the researcher at International Research Institute of Stavanger (IRIS). The invention was granted a patent in 2002 (Norway) and 2006 (USA). The Badger tool drills into the subsurface without a rig and buries itself. It carries an electrically powered drilling system and sensors, which continuously record data, producing logs while drilling, and providing continuous, long-term data in surveillance mode. The tool connects to the surface by a power and communication cable, which are initially spooled inside the tool and gradually released in the course of advancing.

References

External links
 Badger Explorer ASA has new ticker
 Record of Badger Explorer ASA in Proff, retrieved 01 Aug 2018
 Filed and granted patents of Badger Explorer ASA, retrieved 01 Aug 2018
 Badger Explorer prototypes and animations, retrieved 01 Aug 2018

Companies based in Stavanger
Companies listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange
44M Lidérc. The 44M Lidérc (Hungarian: lidérc) was an experimental air-to-air rocket developed in Hungary during World War II. It had an acoustic proximity fuse invented by Károly Pulváry (Technological University of Budapest). The acoustic device was a highly advanced piece of technology in 1944, and the research of necessary electronics was quite a complex project. The sensor consisted of a super-sensitive microphone and a squelch principle circuit with two electron tube amplifiers.

The fuse worked excellently with the artificial American bomber-engine sound in the Aerotechnical Institute's wind tunnel. During air combat every Me 210 Ca-1 destroyer-aircraft (Hungarian: romboló, German: Zerstörer) would have launched 2-4 Lidérc rockets into a bomber group which was expected to cause great damage and significantly impact the morale of bomber crews. The main goal was to scatter bomber formations, disrupting their attacks rather than destroying every aircraft, thus protecting civilians from terror-bombings.

A total of a few hundred rockets were produced, but the Allied bombing raids made it impossible to finish the acoustic system. The weapon was produced in Csepel at Weiss Manfréd Works, but due to the bombing raids on the factory, DIMÁVAG continued it. The Hungarian troops used them in the defensive operations of Csepel Island, Érd, and later in Lake Velence as anti-personnel incendiary rocket artillery (like the Nebelwerfer) against Soviet infantry.

There also was German interest in the weapon. It was demonstrated to the Plenipotentiary General of the Wehrmacht in Hungary, Hans von Greiffenberg, and a sample of the acoustic proximity fuse was handed over to Oberst Josef Hübner, Chief of Staff of the Commanding General of the Luftwaffe in Hungary.

See also 

 44M Buzogányvető (Hungarian heavy anti-tank rocket)

Similar air-to-air rockets 

 Mk 4 (FFAR) "Mighty Mouse"
 R4M Orkan
 RS-82
 Zuni (FFAR)

References

Air-to-air rockets
Weapons of Hungary
Weapons and ammunition introduced in 1944
Dwight station (Chicago and Alton Railroad). The Dwight Chicago and Alton depot is a former railroad depot in Dwight, Illinois, United States. The historic depot, in used by passengers from 1891 until 1971. It was again used from 1986 until 2016, by Amtrak, for service between Chicago and St. Louis.  Passenger service moved from the former depot south to a new station in October 2016.

History
Built by the Chicago and Alton Railroad in 1891, the structure, designed by Henry Ives Cobb in the Richardson Romanesque style of rusticated masonry, has been on the National Register of Historic Places since December 27, 1982.  The foundation is of Joliet stone and the walls above are of Bedford blue stone from Indiana composed almost entirely of fossil shells.

Passenger service ceased upon the formation of Amtrak in 1971. Service returned in 1986. The Village Board Finance Committee offered Amtrak to reuse the depot "until a permanent passenger area can be found."

In 1999, the village of Dwight offered the use of the depot to the Dwight Historical Society. The society moved its museum into the north end of the building; the south end holds both a meeting room for the society and the present office of the Dwight Chamber of Commerce.  From 1999 until 2016, a transitional period, the historic depot served as both museum and working depot.

In August 2015, construction began on a new  station building dedicated to Amtrak passengers.  The new high-speed rail station, built at South Columbia Street a block southwest of the historic depot, opened on October 29, 2016, and the Chicago and Alton depot became a museum and community center.

References

External links 

Livingston County Listings at the National Register of Historic Places
Dwight Railroad Depot -- Dwight Area Chamber of Commerce

Dwight, Illinois
Former Chicago and Alton Railroad stations
Former Amtrak stations in Illinois
National Register of Historic Places in Livingston County, Illinois
Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in Illinois
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1891
Romanesque Revival architecture in Illinois
Transportation buildings and structures in Livingston County, Illinois
1891 establishments in Illinois
Railway stations in the United States closed in 2016
Ashok Leyland Viking. The Ashok Leyland Viking is a front engined bus chassis manufactured by Ashok Leyland that is primarily intended for intercity and moffussil (urban to rural) duties and was introduced in 1976. It was based on the English Albion Viking. Since then, Viking has attracted a lot of buyers in private and government sectors in India. It was the first bus with an alternator in India. The Viking chassis also has a larger front overhang that facilitates placing the front door before front axle.

In 1997, a naturally aspirated CNG engine option specifically designed for BEST was introduced. The company also launched a two step entry Viking bus chassis in 2003, as an alternative to the three step entry buses of that time. This chassis had a floor height of 860mm.

Currently the Viking lineup consists of diesel and CNG engines conforming to BS VI norms. The chassis is also available in 4 wheelbase options. The chassis has an intelligent exhaust gas recirculation ('iEGR) system, which is a modified version of the original exhaust gas recirculation system.

References

External links

Ashok Leyland
Bus chassis
Bus transport in India
Vehicles introduced in 1976
Yusuf Muhammad. Yusuf Muhammad is a British inventor and engineer. He is the founding director of Plumis, a start-up which develops innovative systems to protect people from fires. He won the Red Dot Award in 2016. He has appeared on the BBC Two show Big Life Fix.

Early life and education 
Muhammad was born in Sidcup. He studied Mechanical Design, Materials and Manufacture at the University of Nottingham, earning a Masters in 2006. He completed the Industrial Design Engineering Masters at the Royal College of Art and Imperial College London in 2008. In his second year he won £25,000 from the New Business Challenge to develop a fire extinguishing system.

Career 
Plumis was established whilst Muhammad was the Royal College of Art. Working with Paul Thomas and Jeung Woo Choi, he designed a series of solutions to suppress fire. He joined the Helen Hamlyn Centre for Design, redesigning the modern ambulance. He won the transport award in Designs of the Year.

In 2009 the Automist, a fire extinguishing system, won the James Dyson Award. Automist uses mist to control fires and can be more effective than sprinklers for chip pan fires. The Automist was selected as one of the British Library's Top 15 Inventions of the last decade. He appeared on the BBC Two show You Too Can Be an Absolute Genius’. Automist went on to win Innovation of the Year. He went on to design the Automist Smartscan, which won the 2016 Red Dot and a Silver award from the Industrial Designers Society of America. He is a popular public speaking, discussing design and fire safety.

Big Life Fix 
Muhammad has appeared on the BBC Two show Big Life Fix. In Series one he made a boy with Möbius syndrome a bicycle that he could ride without needing his hands or feet. He also worked on a device to allow a 56-year-old man with locked-in syndrome communicate with his family. In Series Two he developed a snowboard that allowed a man with Post Anoxic Myoclonus to snowboard.

Muhammad enjoys playing basketball.

Awards 
2009 James Dyson Award for the Automist fire extinguisher

2012 Design Museum's Designs of the Year for the Redesign for the Emergency Ambulance

2016 Red Dot for the Automist fire extinguisher

References 

English inventors
British inventors
Alumni of Imperial College London
Bent Jensen (businessman). Bent Jensen (born 1951/1952) is a Danish billionaire businessman, and the owner and CEO of Linak, a Danish linear actuator manufacturing company.

Early life
Jensen earned a degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Southern Denmark. Jensen's grandfather founded Christian Jensen and Sons in 1907, and it originally produced pulleys, grinding mills and forges.

Career
In 1976, Jensen took over the running of the company from his father, when there were just seven employees. In 1979, he started to make linear actuators, which became the company's main product.

In 1984, the company was renamed Linak.

Personal life
Jensen lives in Nordborg, Denmark.

References

Living people
Danish billionaires
1950s births
University of Southern Denmark alumni
People from Sønderborg Municipality
SGT STAR. SGT STAR, also known as Sgt. Star or Sergeant Star, was a chatbot operated by the United States Army to answer questions about recruitment.

Background 
After the September 11 attacks, traffic increased significantly to chatrooms on the U.S. Army's website, goarmy.com, increasing costs of staffing the live chatrooms. As a cost-cutting measure, the SGT STAR project was initiated as a partnership between the United States Army Accessions Command and Spectre AI, a wholly owned subsidiary of Next IT. Next IT, a Spokane, Washington-based company deploys "intelligent virtual assistants," using its software dubbed "ActiveAgent" which is a framework for  functional presence engines. 

Testing began in 2003, and SGT STAR launched to the public in 2006. "STAR" is an acronym for "strong, trained and ready." SGT STAR was launched as a chat interface on goarmy.com, but has since been developed as a mobile application, as well as a life-size animated projection that has appeared live at public events. SGT STAR can also interact with users on Facebook.

FOIA request 
In 2013, the Electronic Frontier Foundation filed a Freedom of Information Act request to learn more about SGT STAR, including input and output patterns (questions and answers), usage statistics, contracts, and privacy policies. They received these records in April 2014, after coverage from various media outlets and a tongue-in-cheek campaign to "Free Sgt. Star."

References

External links 
 Official website
 SGT STAR answers obtained by EFF
 SGT STAR usage statistics obtained by EFF

Chatbots
Military technology
Military recruitment
United States Army
Octave Sneeden. Dr Jean Baptiste Octave Sneeden FRSE MIME MITE (1893–1973) was a  20th century Scottish engineer and author. As an author he is sometimes known as J. B. O. Sneeden.

Life
He was born on the island of Mauritius on 24 June 1893. He was the son of John Alexander Elvin Sneeden (b.1868) and his wife Maria Ravinia Georges (b.1872), and paternal grandson of John Townsend Sneeden of Annapolis in Nova Scotia and Maria Louise Georgina Sharrock of Port Louis, Mauritius.

He studied Engineering Science at Glasgow University graduating BSc in 1917. He then immediately joined the staff of Walthamstow Technical College in north east London. In 1920 he moved to the Royal Technical College in Glasgow lecturing firstly on Heat Engines. He later became Head of Mechanical Engineering.

He received a doctorate (PhD) from Glasgow University in 1930. In 1932 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Herbert Stockdale, Dugald McQuistan, John McWhan and David Ellis.

He died on 2 June 1976 at his home, 39 Kingshouse Avenue in Glasgow.

Family

He married Miss Gillard in Essex.

Publications

Elements of Steam Power Engineering (1932)
Introduction to Internal Combustion Engineering (1933)
Applied Heat for Engineers (1947)

References

1893 births
1976 deaths
Mauritian emigrants to the United Kingdom
Alumni of the University of Glasgow
20th-century Scottish engineers
Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
Guang'an Metro. Guang'an Metro or Guang'an Rail Transit () or Guang'an SkyRail is a light metro monorail system using BYD SkyRail monorail technology in Guang'an, Sichuan Province, China. The first line has been under construction since February 2017. The first line was planned to start test run in June 2020 and open in October 2020, however the testing schedule has been postponed. 

A second line is planned.

Lines under construction

Line 1 is north–south line. It will run between Guangmen and Youkezhongxin. 

The line is currently under construction. It was announced that a planning to start test run would start in June 2020, and scheduled to open in October 2020. However, with several changes to the policy of constructing rapid transit systems, the original schedules are upset.

A northern extension for 5 stations is under planning.

Planned
Line 2 is planned to be an east–west line through the Guang'an with 6 stations and total length of  long.

Network Map

References

Rapid transit in China
Rail transport in Sichuan
Transport infrastructure under construction in China
Monorails in China