omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Shri Vaishnav Institute of Technology and Science. Shri Vaishnav Vidyapeeth Vishwavidyalaya is a private university established under Madhya Pradesh Niji Vishwavidyalaya (Sthapana Avam Sanchalan) Adhiniyam in 2015 at Indore MP(India).

See also
Indore University (Governing/Parent University)
Rajiv Gandhi Technical University
Indore (hosting city)
Engineering

References

External links 
 http://www.svits.ac.in
 http://www.svvv.edu.in

Universities and colleges in Indore
Engineering colleges in Madhya Pradesh
Science and technology in Indore
Educational institutions established in 1995
1995 establishments in Madhya Pradesh
Template reaction. In chemistry, a template reaction is any of a class of ligand-based reactions that occur between two or more adjacent coordination sites on a metal center.  In the absence of the metal ion, the same organic reactants produce different products. The term is mainly used in coordination chemistry. The template effects emphasizes the pre-organization provided by the coordination sphere, although the coordination modifies the electronic properties (acidity, electrophilicity, etc.) of ligands.

An early example is the dialkylation of a nickel dithiolate:

The corresponding alkylation in the absence of a metal ion would yield polymers.  Crown ethers arise from dialkylations that are templated by alkali metals.  Other template reactions include the Mannich and Schiff base condensations. The condensation of formaldehyde, ammonia, and tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt(III) to give a clathrochelate complex is one example. 

The phosphorus analogue of an aza crown can be prepared by a template reaction. Where it is not possible to isolate the phosphine itself.

Limitations
Many template reactions are only stoichiometric, and the decomplexation of the "templating ion" can be difficult. The alkali metal-templated syntheses of crown ether syntheses are notable exceptions. Metal Phthalocyanines are generated by metal-templated condensations of phthalonitriles, but the liberation of metal-free phthalocyanine is difficult.

Some so-called template reactions proceed similarly in the absence of the templating ion. One example being the condensation of acetone and ethylenediamine, which yields isomeric 14-membered tetraaza rings.  Similarly, porphyrins, which feature 16-membered central rings, form in the absence of metal templates.

Concept in catalysis
In a general sense, transition metal-based catalysis can be viewed as template reactions: Reactants coordinate to adjacent sites on the metal ion and, owing to their adjacency, the two reactants interconnect (insert or couple) either directly or via the action of another reagent. In the area of homogeneous catalysis, the cyclo-oligomerization of acetylene to cyclooctatetraene at a nickel(II) centre reflects the templating effect of the nickel, where it is supposed that four acetylene molecules occupy four sites around the metal and react simultaneously to give the product.  This simplistic mechanistic hypotheses was influential in the development of these catalytic reactions.  For example, if a competing ligand such as triphenylphosphine were added to occupy one coordination site, then only three molecules of acetylene could bind, and these come together to form benzene (see Reppe chemistry).

References

Polymer chemistry
Airspeed Tern. The Airspeed AS.1 Tern was a 1930s British glider aircraft, the first aircraft built by Airspeed Limited at York and one of the earliest British-designed gliders.

Development
The Tern was designed by Hessell Tiltman & Nevil Shute Norway to gain records and publicity for the new Airspeed company, as well as to attract orders for new aircraft. Designed for hill- and cloud-soaring, the Tern was a wood-and-fabric cantilever monoplane. It was designed to be dismantled and was advertised for sale at £248. Only two examples were built. Shute himself was the pilot on the Tern's first test flight.

On 24 August 1931 the Tern was flown by Carli Magersuppe from Stoupe Brow, Ravenscar to Scarborough to gain the first British distance record of 8.3 miles (13.4 km). The glider flew a total of  but only the straight-line distance counted towards the record.

The Tern was constructed of wood with a fabric-covered two-spar cantilevered tapered wing with no dihedral. A plywood leading edge was fitted but only as an aerodynamic fairing and not as primary structure. The trapezoidal-section fuselage had plywood lower sides and fabric-covered top decking as well as a generous cockpit in the leading edge of the centre-section.

The Tern had some success in establishing gliding records but only one was completed and parts for one more were produced. After languishing through the Second World War the Tern was re-built, using parts from both airframes, but did little flying.

Specifications

References

Simons, Martin. Sailplanes 1920-1945 2nd revised edition. EQIP Werbung und Verlag G.m.b.H.. Königswinter. 2006. 

1930s British sailplanes
Glider aircraft
Tern
Aircraft first flown in 1931
Report generator. A report generator is a computer program whose purpose is to take data from a source such as a database, XML stream or a spreadsheet, and use it to produce a document in a format which satisfies a particular human readership.

Report generation functionality is almost always present in database systems, where the source of the data is the database itself. It can also be argued that report generation is part of the purpose of a spreadsheet. Standalone report generators may work with multiple data sources and export reports to different document formats.

Information systems theory specifies that information delivered to a target human reader must be timely, accurate and relevant. Report generation software targets the final requirement by making sure that the information delivered is presented in the way most readily understood by the target reader.

History 
An early report writer was part of Nomad software developed in the 1970s. The evolution of reporting software has a rich history dating back to the mid-20th century, driven by the increasing need for businesses to efficiently analyze and present data. Initially, manual extraction and tabulation were commonplace, but the advent of computers in the 1960s marked a transformative phase with the emergence of basic reporting tools. The 1980s saw the widespread adoption of database management systems, laying the groundwork for more sophisticated reporting capabilities. Notable dedicated reporting software, such as Crystal Reports and BusinessObjects, gained prominence in the 1990s amidst the growing demand for business intelligence. The 21st century witnessed a paradigm shift towards web-based reporting solutions and the rise of self-service BI tools, empowering users to create reports independently. Presently, reporting software continues to evolve with a focus on data visualization, integration of artificial intelligence, and the imperative for real-time analytics in decision-making.

See also
 List of reporting software

References

Programming tools
Reporting software
William W. Parsons (NASA). William W. (Bill) Parsons is an American engineer. He served as the ninth director of NASA's John F. Kennedy Space Center, and as the fifth and seventh director of NASA's John C. Stennis Space Center.

Parsons served as Space Shuttle Program Manager from 2003 to 2005, and was instrumental in the Space Shuttle's return to flight in 2005 following the Space Shuttle Columbia disaster.

Career

NASA 
Parsons joined the NASA team in 1990 at the Kennedy Space Center as a launch site support manager in the Shuttle Operations Directorate. In 1997, he was assigned to Stennis Space Center as the chief of operations of the Propulsion Test Directorate. Parsons relocated to NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston to become the director of the Center Operations Directorate. He later served as the deputy director. In 2001, he returned to Stennis and served as director of the Center Operations and Support Directorate. His first stint as Stennis center director came in August 2002.

He was appointed as Space Shuttle Program manager in 2003 to lead the return-to-flight activities for the agency and played a major role in the success of the Discovery STS-114 mission. He then returned to Stennis to assume the duties of center director again and to lead hurricane recovery efforts at Stennis and the Michoud Assembly Facility in New Orleans.

Post-NASA 
After leaving NASA, Parson would be hired as the Vice-President of Peraton's Human Space Programs.

Personal life
Parsons holds a bachelor's degree in engineering from the University of Mississippi, and a master's degree in engineering management from the University of Central Florida.

He resides in Sanford, Florida.

References
This article incorporates public domain text from NASA

External links

Living people
20th-century American engineers
21st-century American engineers
American aerospace engineers
Directors of the Kennedy Space Center
University of Mississippi alumni
University of Central Florida alumni
Parklane Academy alumni
People from Merritt Island, Florida
People from McComb, Mississippi
Year of birth missing (living people)
Schultz ABC. 

The Schultz ABC was a 1930s American glider designed by Arthur B. Schultz.

Design and development
The ABC was designed to compete in the 1937 Eaton Design Contest held in conjunction with the 8th US National Gliding Championships. This competition was open to any new American glider design that had not been flown at a previous National Championship. The rules required drawings and stress analysis data to be presented with the completed aircraft. The intention was that the winning design would be made available as drawings and kits for amateur construction and that Bureau of Air Commerce design approval would be eventually obtained as well.

The winners of the contest and the cash prizes won were:
First - US$700 - ABC Sailplane, Arthur B. Schultz, designer
Second - US$500 - Ross RS-1 Zanonia Sailplane, Harland Ross, designer
Third - US$300 - SGU 1-6 Utility Glider, Ernst and Paul Schweizer, designers

The ABC was a development of the earlier short-span Midwest MU-1, it had a two-spar two-strut wooden wing and a fabric covered steel tube fuselage and tail.

The ABC was to be available for homebuilding but only four were built before the Second World War. In 1942 one glider was used with the designation TG-16 at the USAAC glider training school in Mobile, Alabama.

Operators

United States Army Air Corps

Specifications

See also

References

 

1930s United States sailplanes
Glider aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1937
Allison J102. The Allison J102 was a turbojet engine developed as a supersonic missile engine by the Allison Engine Company.

Operational history
The J102-100 is an axial flow turbojet that was first run in March 1991. In 1997 it was being considered for use in a sea-skimming supersonic target for the United States Navy.

References

Notes

1990s turbojet engines
J102
Johann Lasi. Stabfeldwebel Johann Lasi (born 1890, date of death unknown) was a World War I Austro-Hungarian flying ace,  a Croat by ethnicity, credited with five aerial victories on 22 Aug 1916, while acting as an unauthorized rear gunner for Julius Arigi.

Biography
Johann Lasi was born in Kać, Bács-Bodrog, Hungary, Austria-Hungary (present day Serbia) in 1890. After completing school, he trained as a wheelwright. Lasi was fluent in German, Hungarian, and Serbo-Croatian.

In 1911, he joined the Austro-Hungarian Army, then requested transfer to the Airship Section. As World War I began in 1914, Lasi became the chief mechanic for a new airplane squadron, Flik 6. On 22 August 1916, a formation of six Italian Farman two-seaters attacked the naval air station at Durazzo. Julius Arigi of Flik 6 was poised in his Hansa-Brandenburg C.I to intercept the enemy formation, but could not find an observer. By regulation, only an officer could man the rear gun, but Arigi could not find one that day, and asked 25-year-old Lasi to fly with him. The unauthorized gunner was credited with shooting down five of the six attackers, becoming an ace in a day (although the Italians reported only two losses that day). This action garnered him a Silver Medal for Bravery to add to his previously awarded Silver Military Merit Cross with Swords.

Shortly afterwards, Lasi went for pilot training, and ended up as an instructor for the rest of the war.

References

Sources

1890 births
Year of death missing
Austro-Hungarian World War I flying aces
Boulton Paul P.6. The Boulton & Paul P.6 was a one-off conventional single-engined biplane built by Boulton & Paul Ltd to test the aerodynamics of different airfoil sections.  It was later used as the company sales machine.

Design and development
The P.6 was only the second aircraft designed and built by Boulton & Paul, although during the First World War they had built many aircraft under contract, including 1,575 Sopwith Camels. the P.6 was a wood and fabric two-seat single-engined single-bay biplane.  Its wings were without stagger or sweep, with a constant chord of 5 ft (1.52 m) on both wings.  The intention was to explore the effects of different airfoil sections and the large interplane gap, also 5 ft, would have helped to reduce the complications of interference effects.  The initial section used was RAF15.  There were ailerons on both upper and lower wings.

The fuselage was flat sided with a rounded top, rather similar in construction to that of the Camel and using many Camel parts. The fin and horn balanced rudder together were almost circular and the tailplane was braced to the fin.  The large interplane gap put the upper wing well above the fuselage with the centre section braced to front and rear spars by outward sloping struts from the upper longerons.  The pilot's cockpit was  under the trailing edge, where there was a cut-out for visibility and the passenger sat in a separate cockpit under the wing.  The 90 hp (67 kW) RAF 1a engine drove a four bladed, 9 ft 3 in (2.82 m) diameter propeller and was partly enclosed in a metal cowling, with the cylinder heads protruding as it was air-cooled.  There was a simple single axle undercarriage and tail skid.

The date of the first flight is not known, but it was probably towards the end of 1918.  The first drawings were dated April 1918 and the aircraft was certainly beyond its initial flight tests in March 1919 when it provided the wife of Dawson Paul, one of the company directors, with her first flight.  Though shortly after that the P.6 received the civil registration  G-EACJ (K-120), it may well have never displayed this identity.  In all known photographs it wears the experimental number X.25, the last one of this series inaugurated in 1917.  In addition it was painted with RAF roundels and tail stripes.

Operational history
It is not known if wings of other sections were fitted as originally intended, but useful aerodynamic data was gathered.  It flew rather well and by May 1919  Boulton & Paul were using it as their sales machine, with  the company name in large print on the fuselage side in addition to the roundels.  This corporate aircraft made perhaps the first business flight, from Boulton & Paul's airfield on Mousehold Heath at Norwich to Bury St Edmunds about 36 miles (58 km) away.

Replica
A replica of this aircraft has been built by the Boulton Paul Association and is currently in store at Cosford.

Specifications

References

Notes

Bibliography

P.006
1910s British experimental aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1918
Malone engine. The Malone engine is a liquid-based engine invented by J.F.J Malone of Newcastle, England.  The engine used high temperature water as its working fluid, and was therefore also referred to as the Hot Water Engine. A US patent, describing it with Mercury or a Mercury-Lead Alloy as working fluid, for the engine was granted in 1924,
Malone's first 50 hp prototype was completed in 1925, and used coal to heat high pressure water sealed inside a cylinder.  Malone's second prototype, demonstrated in 1931, also produced 50 hp but in a much smaller design.

In independent testing the design showed an efficiency of 27%, which exceeded the efficiency of steam engines of the day and approximately equalled the efficiency of a gasoline engine.

The cycle used by the Malone engine is a modified version of the Stirling Cycle.  The sealed cylinders filled with water are heated from one end to a temperature above the normal boiling point of water, but because of the limited volume within the cylinder the water can not change phase.  Instead, the water expands, in the process pushing the piston inside the cylinder.  The opposite end of the cylinder is cooled by the air, or alternatively a coolant fluid, and thus the cylinder compresses once more, completing the Stirling cycle.

External links

References 

External combustion engines
Hydrographics. Hydrographics may refer to:

Hydrography, the measurement of physical characteristics of waters and marginal land
Hydrographics (printing), a printing technique for three-dimensional objects
 Hydrographic Department, UK agency for providing hydrographic and marine geospatial data
 Hydrographic surveys, science of measurement and description of features which affect maritime navigation, construction, dredging, oil exploration, and drilling
Atlas Hydrographic, a hydrographic and oceanographic systems company

See also
International Hydrographic Organization
List of Members of the International Hydrographic Organization
Neuroph. Neuroph is an object-oriented artificial neural network framework written in Java. It can be used to create and train neural networks in Java programs. Neuroph provides Java class library as well as GUI tool easyNeurons for creating and training neural networks.

It is an open-source project hosted at SourceForge under the Apache License. Versions before 2.4 were licensed under LGPL 3, from this version the license is Apache 2.0 License.

Features
Neuroph's core classes correspond to basic neural network concepts like artificial neuron, neuron layer, neuron connections, weight, transfer function, input function, learning rule etc. Neuroph supports common neural network architectures such as Multilayer perceptron with Backpropagation, Kohonen and Hopfield networks. All these classes can be extended and customized to create custom neural networks and learning rules. Neuroph has built-in support for image recognition.

See also 

 Comparison of deep learning software
 Neural network
 SOM or Kohonen
 Retropropagation

References

External links
 Neuroph Homepage

Neural network software
Free software programmed in Java (programming language)
Baltic Pipeline System-II. The Baltic Pipeline System-2 (BPS-2, ) is a second trunk line of the Baltic Pipeline System. The pipeline is constructed and operated by Russian oil pipeline company Transneft.  The BPS-2 was completed in 2011 and began to function in late March 2012.

History 
The project was proposed after an oil transit dispute between Russia and Belarus at the beginning of January 2007, and was approved by the Russian government on 21 May 2007.

Although in April 2008 Russia's Ministry of Industry and Energy submitted a negative profitability report regarding the pipeline, Russia opted to develop its own infrastructure for exporting hydrocarbons, bypassing former Soviet transit countries. The main
goal of the pipeline is to protect Russia and its partners from the transit countries' possible decisions to raise tariffs or siphon off hydrocarbons.  On 1 December 2008 Prime Minister Vladimir Putin signed a resolution ordering construction.

The construction started on 10 June 2009.  Construction was completed in October 2011. The opening of export terminal at Ust-Luga was postponed until 2012 due to damage by landslips.

Route
The  long pipeline system runs from the Unecha junction of the Druzhba pipeline near the Russia–Belarus border to the Ust-Luga terminal on the Gulf of Finland. The length of the pipeline from Unecha to Ust-Luga is  and the length of the branch line to Kirishi oil refinery is .  The pipeline passes Bryansk, Smolensk, Tver, Novgorod, and Leningrad regions.

Technical description

The initial capacity of the pipeline at the first stage is 10 million tons of oil per year, which will be upgraded to 50 million tons during the second stage.  Of this, 12 million tons will be transported to Ust-Luga and 12 million tons to Kirishi refinery. Diameter of the pipeline will vary between .

The construction cost is estimated at US$4 billion.  The second stage is expected to be completed by December 2013.

The pipeline will have eight pumping stations. During the first stage, two new pumping stations were built, and two pumping stations (in Unecha and Andreapol) were renovated.  During the second stage, four new pumping stations will be added, and the pumping station No.7 will be equipped with a tank farm with a capacity of . In addition, the oil terminal in Ust-Luga was built.

References

External links 

Official website (in Russian)

Energy infrastructure completed in 2011
Oil pipelines in Russia
Transneft
Baltic Sea
Hardstone. Hardstone is a non-scientific term, mostly encountered in the decorative arts or archaeology, that has a similar meaning to semi-precious stones, or gemstones. Very hard building stones, such as granite, are not included in the term in this sense, but only stones which are fairly hard and regarded as attractive ones which could be used in jewellery. Hardstone carving is the three-dimensional carving for artistic purposes of semi-precious stones such as jade, agate, onyx, rock crystal, sard or carnelian, and a general term for an object made in this way.  Two-dimensional inlay techniques for floors, furniture and walls include pietre dure, opus sectile (Ancient Roman), and medieval Cosmatesque work these typically inlay hardstone pieces into a background of marble or some other building stone. 

The definition of "hardstone" is not very rigid, but excludes "soft" stones such as soapstone (steatite) and minerals such as alabaster, both widely used for carving. Hard organic minerals such as amber and jet are included, as well as the mineraloid obsidian.  Geologically speaking, most of the gemstones carved in the West are varieties of quartz, including chalcedony, agate, amethyst, sard, onyx, carnelion, heliotrope, jasper and quartz in its uncoloured form, known as rock crystal. On the Mohs scale of mineral hardness, quartz rates no higher than a 7, less for types with impurities. Stones typically used for buildings and large sculpture are not often used for small objects such as vessels, although this does occur.

The term is derived from a literal translation of the Italian plural pietre dure, 'hard stones', which in Italian covers all hardstone carving.  The semi-anglicized singular pietra dura is used in English for multi-coloured stone inlay work, in fact using marbles as much as semi-precious stones, which was a Florentine speciality from the Renaissance onwards. Pietre dure is sometimes used for Italian or European vessels and small sculptures of the same period.

Notes

Gemstones
Visual arts materials
Stones