omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Mahi R. Singh. Mahi R. Singh (b. 1949) is a professor of physics at Western University researching nanoscience. He was awarded the Fulbright US-Canada Research Chair for 2021-2022.

Early life

Singh was born in 1949 in Hamirpur, India. He received his B.Sc. degree in T.D. College campus; and both M.Sc. (1970) and PhD (1976) degrees from Banaras Hindu University in condensed matter physics.

Academic career

Singh was awarded Humbold Fellow in Stuttgart University from 1979 to 1981. Between 1981 and 1985 he was a Research Associate and Lecturer at McGill University. From 1982 to 1983 he worked in High Magnetic Field Lab, Université Paul Sabatier as a visiting scientist. He also worked as Research Associate at University of North Carolina. 

He joined the University of Western Ontario as associate professor in 1985. Currently he is professor in this university. He was also a visiting professor at Texas Center for Superconductivity from June till November in 1992. He also worked as a chief researcher at Superconductors Division of Hitachi, Tokyo between November 1992. During May and August in 2022, he became Fulbright US-Canada Research Chair in Vanderbilt University.

His visiting positions include Texas Center for Superconductivity (1992), University of Oxford (1993-1994), and Dubna and Ioffe Institute Saint Petersburg (2019).

Research
Research topics include:
Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites
Nanophotonics, Plasmonics, and Polaritonics
Graphene and Carbon Nanostructures
Metallic Nanostructures
Second Harmonic Generation
Photonic
Metamaterials
Biomaterials

Selected honors and awards
NIST Visiting Researcher, NIST USA, 2022
Fulbright US-Canada Research Chair, 2020-2021
External Expert for Gerhard Herzberg Canada Gold Medal for Science and Engineering, 2020-2021
Royal Society Visiting Scientist/Professor. 1993-1994
Chief Researcher, Hitachi, Tokyo in 1992–1993
Alexander von Humboldt Award, 1979

References 

1949 births
Living people
Canadian physicists
Western University of Health Sciences
Banaras Hindu University alumni
Indian physicists
McGill University
University of North Carolina
Aluminium telluride. Aluminium telluride is an inorganic chemical compound of aluminium and tellurium with the chemical formula Al2Te3.

Preparation 
Aluminium telluride can be obtained by direct combination of aluminium metal with elemental tellurium at .

Properties 
Aluminium telluride is a very air-sensitive dark grey to black solid. It has a band gap of 2.4 eV. The compound decomposes in humid air.

In its pure form, it occurs in at least two phases. The orange-red low-temperature (α) modification transforms into the yellow high-temperature (β) form at . The conversion from β- to α-Al2Te3, which is associated with such a small enthalpy change that it cannot be observed with differential thermal analysis, takes place after prolonged annealing just below the conversion point. The α form crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with the lattice constants a = 13.885 Å, b = 7.189 Å, c = 4.246 Å, p = 90.21° and an additional superstructure. The β form has a monoclinic crystal structure with space group P21/c and the lattice constants a = 7.181(1) Å, b = 12.848(3) Å, c = 14.167(3) Å, and b= 90.04(2)°. This form represents a separate structure type. The tellurium atoms form a hexagonal dense packing parallel to the (001) plane; one-third of the tetrahedral vacancies are occupied by aluminium atoms, whereby the tetrahedral vacancies are occupied in such a way that a layered structure is formed. Some sources also report another form of the defect wurtzite type.

Uses
Aluminium telluride is used in the semiconductor industry. It can also be used to produce hydrogen telluride by reacting with hydrogen chloride.

References 

Aluminium compounds
Tellurides
Dragan Maksimović (academic). Dragan Maksimović is a Distinguished Professor at the Department of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder. He is known for his research in the field of power electronics, more specifically in the digital control and modeling of switched-mode power supplies (SMPS).

Education Background 

Dr. Maksimović received his B.S. and M.S. degrees from the University of Belgrade, Serbia, in 1984 and 1986, respectively, and earned a Ph.D. degree from the California Institute of Technology in 1989.

Academic and Research Contributions 
Dr. Maksimović has worked on fields within power electronics, such as PWM controllers, DC-DC converters, power-factor-correction rectifiers, and digital control, which has resulted in more than 45,000 citations as per Google Scholar (as of July 28, 2024), including publications in IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

He has co-authored a textbook entitled "Fundamentals of Power Electronics," now in its 3rd edition, published by Springer in 2020, which has received more than 14,500 citations as per Google Scholar. He has also authored his second book, entitled "Digital Control of High-Frequency Siwtched-Mode Power Converters," published by Wiley-IEEE Press in 2015. He holds over 45 patents in the field of power electronics.

Apart from teaching at his university, Dr. Maksimović teaches Modeling and Control of Power Electronics Specialization on Coursera, which consists of five short courses entitled "Average-Switch Modeling and Simulation," "Techniques of Design-Oriented Analysis," "Input Filter Design," "Current-Mode Control," and "Modeling and Control of Single-Phase Rectifiers and Inverters."

Awards and Distinctions 
Dr. Maksimović was a recipient of the National Science Foundation CAREER award in 1997. In 2012, the IEEE Power Electronics Society (PELS) awarded him the IEEE Modeling and Control Technical Achievement Award for his technical contributions to the advancement of power electronics in modeling and control.

In 2015, Dr. Maksimović was elevated to IEEE Fellow under the category "Research Engineer/Scientist" with the citation for the award mentioned as "For contribution to digital control of high-frequency switched-mode power converters." Seven years later, in 2022, he was awarded the PELS R. David Middlebrook Achievement Award for his contributions to the modeling and analysis of digitally controlled power converters. In the subsequent year (2023), Dr. Maksimović was awarded the IEEE William E. Newell Power Electronics Award for his work in "digital control, modeling and topologies of switched-mode power supplies."

References 

Living people
University of Colorado Boulder faculty
Electrical engineering academics
Year of birth missing (living people)
Perm Refinery. The Perm Refinery, also known as Lukoil-Permnefteorgsintez (), is an oil refinery plant in the Russian city of Perm, which has belonged to the Russian company Lukoil since 1993.

History 
In September 1949, the Soviet Council of Ministers approved a decision to construct a new oil refinery near the city of Perm. The plant began construction in 1951, and was completed by November 1958.

In the beginning, the plant mainly produced kerosene, diesel fuel, and gasoline. Later by the 1970s, the plant significantly expanded its production range, including ethylene, propylene, ethylbenzene, styrene, syngas, butanol, and 2-Ethylhexanol.

In 1993, the plant was privatized and became part of Lukoil.

References 

Oil refineries in Russia
Oil refineries in the Soviet Union
Buildings and structures in Perm Krai
Chopping (astronomy). Chopping is a technique used with infrared telescopes to minimize interference from external or internal heat. The chopper is the mechanism that rocks a mirror (typically a secondary mirror) inside a telescope back and forth in rapid succession because background radiation would change too quickly to measure otherwise.

Drawbacks

There are two major drawbacks to using the method of chopping. First is the variance of the background radiation. This can change when the telescope is shifting between the beams making thing appear strange. Secondly, this method can only be used when the object in question is not too far away, because otherwise it would be out of the telescope's range.

Infrared Telescopes
Main: Infrared telescope

With Infrared Telescopes, chopping is used to eliminate the background radiation by taking pictures at slightly different angles. By comparing separate images, it becomes much easier to tell what the background heat is and what is coming from the object in question. This allows it to be used to gain information about the object that a visible light telescope or a UV telescope can't see.

Gemini Observatory
Main: Gemini Observatory

The Gemini Observatory is a set of two telescopes with one in Hawaii and the other in Chile. Both of these telescopes are infrared and both use chopping to eliminate background radiation. The telescopes chop their secondary mirrors at a rate of 3-5 Hz. Both observatories utilize tilt-tip correction to ensure that the image quality remains crisp. The observatories also received help from the University of Florida to improve its chopping mechanism.

SOFIA Telescope
Main: SOFIA Telescope

The SOFIA Telescope was an infrared telescope integrated into a Boeing 747. This telescope utilized its Second Mirror Assembly (SMA) primarily for chopping and also partially for small corrections. The signals that the SOFIA Telescope would be searching for could be tens of thousands of times less significant than the background emission, so the telescope has an average chopping frequency of 2-5 Hz, but can reach rates of 20 Hz. The chopping action follows a square wave pattern.

James Webb Space Telescope
Main: James Webb Space Telescope

Although the James Webb Space Telescope is an Infrared Telescope, it doesn't use chopping action to prevent interference. Instead, it uses gold-coated mirrors to reflect almost all heat. Additionally, it doesn't use chopping because it is meant to bore into deep space, and the angle would have to be refocused depending on how far away the object is.

See Also
Optical chopper
Electromagnetic spectrum

References 

Astronomical imaging
Photomyne. Photomyne Ltd. is an Israeli technology company that designs and develops AI-powered applications for scanning, improving, and archiving old photos using smartphones.

History 
Photomyne was founded in 2014 by Nir Tzemah, Yair Segalovitz, Omer Shoor and Natalie Rodrig Verter. In 2016, the company raised $2.6 million in seed funding. In June 2018, Photomyne raised $5 million in Series A funding for its AI-powered photo scanning app. The company won the Red Herring Top 100 Europe award in 2019. Photomyne has completed its Initial Public Offering on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange in 2021.  

In March 2024, a16z (Andreessen Horowitz) included Photomyne as one of the top 50 most popular consumer products in the field of Generative AI.

Activities 
Photomyne uses machine learning and AI technology to digitize, preserve, enjoy and share cherished memories which are currently kept in physical form. Photomyne's apps are available in 16 languages, including Western European languages, Chinese, Japanese, Thai, Korean, Arabic, and more.  The apps are available for both iOS and Android. Nir Tzemah is the CEO.

Applications 
Photomyne app: scans, automatically crops, and processes photos. It allows adding names, locations, and dates, adding audio recordings, applying color filters, and colorizing black and white photos. Photos can be uploaded to the cloud, saved on the user's device, shared via email, and more.

Photomyne allows scanning multiple photos at once, setting the date in which they were taken, and viewing them in high resolution.     

SlideScan is an AI-powered scanning app for digitization of photo slides. FilmBox app allows turning film negatives into digital photos using a smartphone.

References

Technology companies of Israel
2014 establishments in Israel
Faculty of Electrical Engineering Tuzla. The Faculty of Electrical Engineering Tuzla () is a higher education institution and a member of the University of Tuzla.

History
A department of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Sarajevo started operating in Tuzla in July 1972. The first generation of 135 students was enrolled in the academic year 1972/1973. The Faculty of Electrical Engineering Tuzla as an independent educational institution was founded in 1976 numbering 361 students in its first year.

Since December 1988, the institution has been known as the Faculty of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering in Tuzla. However, on September 22, 1999, it was divided into two separate entities: the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering.

Departments

The Faculty is organized into following departments specializing in different areas of electrical engineering and computer science:
Automation and robotics
Electric Power Networks and Systems
Electrical engineering and energy conversion systems
Computing and Informatics
Telecommunications and Information Technologies

See also
 University of Tuzla

Notes

References

Education in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Universities and colleges established in 1973
1973 establishments in Yugoslavia
Buildings and structures in Tuzla
Universities in Tuzla
Chromium tetraiodide. Chromium tetraiodide is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula .

Synthesis
The compound can be prepared by reacting iodine vapor with chromium at temperature higher than 150 °C but lower than 400 °C.

Physical properties
The compound occurs in the gas phase.

References

Chromium–halogen compounds
Iodides
Metal halides
Chromium(IV) compounds
Air Works. Air Works is the oldest Indian independent Aircraft maintenance company which provides services for Maintenance, Repair & Overhaul (MRO).

Currently the company is responsible for heavy maintenance of Indian Navy’s Boeing P-8I maritime surveillance aircraft.

History and operation 
Air Works was started in 1951 by B.G. Menon and D. Anandaram. Commercial Aviation MRO (MRO for airlines/commercial jets/cargo operators) began in 1993 with Jet Airways for 2–3 years, and then in Hosur (Tamil Nadu) when Air Works built its own hangar for repair.

Air Works, together with its sister/group companies Acumen Aviation and SA Air Works, is India's sole MRO that serves all three client sectors. General Aviation, Commercial Aviation and Defence MRO.

In 2008, Air Works became the first MRO company in India to receive regulatory approval from the DGCA. The first MRO center opened in Bangalore, Karnataka.

Scandinavian Avionics, a Denmark-based Aerospace company partnered with Air Works in 2010.

In 2011, Air Works began maintenance, checks and services for BBJ (Boeing Business Jet) for Defense MRO (aviation assets owned or operated by Indian Armed Forces – Indian Air Force & Navy).

Air Works acquired Dubai based Empire Aviation Group FZCO in 2012.

British company Air Livery Limited was acquired by Air Works in 2013 with 85% stake. The company was expanded in 20 cities of India until 2013.

In 2014, the company partnered with Yaksa Investment Nepal to provide MRO services for international and domestic airlines operating out of Tribhuvan International Airport, Kathmandu.

Air Works has partnerred with the UAE-based Mach Technik Aircraft Maintenance to provide international line maintenance services to Dubai.

In February 2020, Lieutenant General Ajay Kumar Singh and Haseeb Drabu, Indian politician and economist were appointed as company's board of directors. In May 2021, the company partnered with Objectify.

Boeing, the American aircraft manufacturer partnered with Air Works in February 2021.

The European Aviation Safety Agency has approved Air Works Kochi facility to undertake maintenance for Airbus 320 jets in September 2022. In October 2022, Air Works was acquired by Adani Group.

In 2023, the company started maintenance for Boeing P-8 Poseidon with its expansion in Australia and New Zealand.

Awards 
2023 ASSOCHAM's Best MRO award for India's Air Works at 14th International Conference
Aviation Week MRO of the Year Awards 2011

See also
Airwork
Airwork Services
Boeing P-8 Poseidon
Boeing Business Jet
Airbus A320neo family
Boeing P-8 Poseidon

References 

Electronics companies established in 2005
Defence companies of India
Electronics companies of India
Companies based in Haryana
Defence agencies of India
Indian companies established in 1951
Advances in Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence Journal. Advances in Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence Journal is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the fields of artificial intelligence and distributed computing and applying these techniques in areas like machine learning, electronic commerce, generative AI, the Internet of Things, smart grids, etc.

The journal is published by the Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca, a subsidiary of the University of Salamanca and follows a diamond open access publishing model.

History
The journal was established in 2012 by the University of Salamanca. The frequency of issues was initially quarterly, but the journal changed to publication in continuous mode in 2023. The editors-in-chief are Juan M. Corchado (University of Salamanca) and Sigeru Omatu (Hiroshima University).

Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
 Directory of Open Access Journals
 ProQuest databases
 Sherpa ROMEO
 Emerging Sources Citation Index

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 1.7.

References

External links

English-language journals
Academic journals established in 2012
Creative Commons Attribution-licensed journals
Computer science journals
Artificial intelligence journals
Academic journals of Spain
Maharashtra Advanced Research and Vigilance for Enhanced Law Enforcement. Maharashtra Advanced Research and Vigilance for Enhanced Law Enforcement (MARVEL) is an artificial intelligence (AI) system implemented by the Maharashtra Police. It is noted for being the first state-level police AI system in India. Approved in 2024, MARVEL aims to integrate AI technologies into law enforcement to enhance crime-solving capabilities and improve predictive policing.

History 
The Maharashtra state cabinet approved the creation of MARVEL in March 2024, just before the announcement of the Model Code of Conduct for the Lok Sabha elections. The project was allocated an initial budget of ₹23 crore.

Leadership 
MARVEL is overseen by officials from the Maharashtra Police and the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Nagpur. The Superintendent of Police, Nagpur (Rural), Harssh Poddar, serves as the ex-officio Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of MARVEL. Dr. Bhimaraya Metri, the Director of IIM Nagpur, acts as an ex-officio director of the company.

Structure and Partnerships 
MARVEL is established as a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) and operates through a partnership between:
 Government of Maharashtra
 Indian Institute of Management Nagpur
 Pinaka Technologies Private Limited

The company is registered under the Companies Act 2013 and has its office located at the Indian Institute of Management in Nagpur.

Funding 
The Government of Maharashtra has committed to providing 100% share capital to MARVEL for the first five years, amounting to ₹4.2 crore annually.

Related Initiatives 
In addition to MARVEL, the Maharashtra government has approved other technology-driven law enforcement initiatives:
 A ₹76 crore semi-automated processing project for the speedy disposal of cybercrime cases
 Establishment of a ₹42 crore Computer Forensic Science Centre of Excellence

See also 
 Maharashtra Police
 Artificial intelligence in law enforcement

References 

2024 establishments in Maharashtra
Law enforcement in Maharashtra
Artificial intelligence
Government agencies established in 2024
Zirconium dichloride. Zirconium dichloride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula .   is a black solid.  It adopts a layered structure as molybdenum disulfide

The compound can be formed by heating zirconium monochloride and zirconium tetrachloride:

Related compounds
 Zirconium diiodide.

References

Chlorides
Metal halides
Zirconium(II) compounds
Zirconium difluoride. Zirconium difluoride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula .

Synthesis
Zirconium difluoride can be prepared by the action of atomic hydrogen on thin layers of zirconium tetrafluoride, at a temperature of approximately 350°C.

Physical properties
 forms black crystals of the orthorhombic system, with unit cell parameters a = 0.409 nm, b = 0.491 nm, c = 0.656 nm.

The compound readily ignites and burns to form zirconium dioxide.

Chemical properties
 disproportionates when heated to 800 °C:

References

Fluorides
Metal halides
Zirconium(II) compounds
Zirconium trifluoride. Zirconium trifluoride is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula . This is a salt of zirconium and hydrofluoric acid, forms black crystals.

Synthesis
Zirconium difluoride can be prepared by the action of atomic hydrogen on thin layers of zirconium tetrafluoride, at a temperature of approximately 350°.

Zirconium (III) fluoride can be obtained by reacting hydrogenated zirconium with a mixture of hydrogen fluoride and hydrogen at 750 °C.

It is also possible to prepare it by reducing  with hydrogen at 650 °C.

Physical properties
 forms black crystals of cubic system, in the space group Pm3m.

It is slightly soluble in hot water, slightly soluble in hot acids. Insoluble in caustic soda and ammonia solution. Its crystal structure corresponds to that of rhenium(VI) oxide.

Chemical properties
 disproportionates to the tetrafluoride when heated to 1300 °C:

References

Fluorides
Metal halides
Zirconium(III) compounds
PartsBadger. PartsBadger is an online machining company based in Cedarburg, WI, which provides custom CNC parts for various industries. The company was co-founded by Roy Dietsch and Jimmy Crawford in 2016.

History 
PartsBadger was established in 2016 as a tech-manufacturing hybrid. The company was initially located in Mequon, WI, then moved headquarters to Cedarburg, WI. The company is headed by CEO Roy Dietsch.

The company partnered with a mountain bike manufacturer, Yeti Cycles, on a five-year project valued at up to $13.8 million. PartsBadger purchased $1.6 million in new machinery and directing an estimated $3.7 million to local distributors for material, tooling, and plating services.

In 2021, the company was included in the Inc. 5000 list as the 525th fastest-growing company in the United States, ranking 23rd in manufacturing and 8th overall in Wisconsin.

References 

Manufacturing companies based in Wisconsin
American companies established in 2016
Manufacturing companies established in 2016
2016 establishments in Wisconsin
Ozaukee County, Wisconsin
Technetium(III) bromide. Technetium tribromide is a binary inorganic chemical compound of technetium metal and bromine with the chemical formula .

Synthesis
 can be synthesized by reaction of Tc metal with elemental bromine at 400 °C.

Physical properties
 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pmmn (a = 11.0656(2) Å, b = 5.9717(1) Å, c = 6.3870(1) Å.

Technetium tribromide is isomorphous with  and .

The compound is stable in air for weeks and insoluble in common organic solvents.

References

Technetium compounds
Bromides
Metal halides