omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
1100 aluminium alloy. 1100 aluminium alloy is an aluminium-based alloy in the "commercially pure" wrought family (1000 or 1xxx series). With a minimum of 99.0% aluminium, it is the most heavily alloyed of the 1000 series. It is also the mechanically strongest alloy in the series, and is the only 1000-series alloy commonly used in rivets. At the same time, it keeps the benefits of being relatively lightly alloyed (compared to other series), such as high electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, corrosion resistance, and workability. It can be hardened by cold working, but not by heat treatment.

Alternate designations include Al99.0Cu and A91100. 1100 and its various tempers are covered by the ISO standard 6361 and the ASTM standards B209, B210, B211, B221, B483, B491, and B547.

Chemical composition
The alloy composition of 1100 aluminium is:
 Aluminium: 99.0–99.95%
 Copper: 0.05–0.20%
 Iron: 0.95% max
 Manganese: 0.05% max
 Silicon: 0.95% max
 Zinc: 0.1% max
 Residuals: 0.15% max

References

Aluminum alloy table 

Aluminium alloys
1199 aluminium alloy. 1199 aluminium alloy is an aluminium-based alloy in the "commercially pure" wrought family (1000 or 1xxx series). With a minimum of 99.99% aluminium, it is the purest and least alloyed of the commercial aluminium alloys. It is soft and unsuitable for machining. At the same time, it possesses excellent corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity, and thermal conductivity. Commercially pure aluminium alloys are used in applications such as conductors, capacitors, heat exchangers, packaging foil and chemical equipment.

Chemical composition

The alloy composition of 1199 aluminium is:

 Aluminium: 99.99% min
 Copper: 0.0060% max
 Gallium: 0.0050% max
 Iron: 0.0060% max
 Magnesium: 0.0060% max
 Manganese: 0.0020% max
 Other, each: 0.0020% max
 Silicon: 0.0060% max
 Titanium: 0.0020% max
 Vanadium: 0.0050% max
 Zinc: 0.0060% max

References

Aluminum alloy table 

 Aluminium alloys
Gustavo Scuseria. Gustavo E. Scuseria (born July 30, 1956) is the Robert A. Welch Professor of Chemistry, Professor of Physics & Astronomy and Professor of Materials Science & NanoEngineering at Rice University, Houston, TX. He is also editor-in-chief of the Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation.  Scuseria earned his PhD from the University of Buenos Aires in 1983 and conducted post-doctoral work at the University of California, Berkeley (1985–1987) and the University of Georgia (1987–1989) prior to joining the chemistry faculty at Rice University in 1989.

Group and research
Since 1989, more than 45 graduate students and 45 post-doctoral researchers have worked in the group, as well as a number of visiting scholars, summer researchers and undergraduate students. Research in the Scuseria group straddles quantum chemistry, condensed matter physics, and materials science, focusing on novel methods for electronic structure theory in molecules and solids, particularly strong correlation, and applications to molecules and materials of importance for energy and the environment. Professor Scuseria has made contributions to density functional theory, coupled cluster theory and the theory of carbon nanomaterials. Recent research thrusts in the group have focused on symmetry breaking and restoration, projected quasiparticle theory, projected Hartree-Fock theory, density embedding methods and pair coupled cluster theory. Scuseria's work has resulted in more than 450 peer-reviewed publications and 350 invited lectures at conferences and institutions all over the world.

Honors and awards
Scuseria's work has been recognized by a number of awards. These include the Oak Ridge Associated Universities Junior Faculty Award, the Camille and Henry Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award, an IBM Partnership Award, a John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellowship, a Creativity Extension Award from the Chemistry Division of the National Science Foundation, and the Feynman Prize in Nanotechnology Theory. Scuseria is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the American Physical Society, the Royal Society of Chemistry, the American Chemical Society, and he is an elected member of the International Academy of Quantum Molecular Science, of which he has been vice president since 2012. In 2016, Scuseria was listed as an ISI highly cited researcher.

References

1956 births
Living people
Rice University faculty
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Fellows of the American Chemical Society
Fellows of the Royal Society of Chemistry
American academic journal editors
University of Buenos Aires alumni
Argentine expatriates in the United States
Computer lock. A computer lock is a physical lock on a computer with an accompanying key used for access control or as an anti-theft system.

History 
In the 1980s and early 1990s, IBM Personal Computers and some PC compatibles included a tubular pin tumbler lock on the computer's casing, performing a security function that varied by manufacturer. In some instances, the lock would prevent the case from being opened to inhibit the theft or modification of internal components. In other cases, the lock was used to forbid unauthorized access to the computer by disabling the power supply, hard drive, or keyboard. Other early personal computer locks include Maclocks, introduced by Compulocks in 1986.

Built-in computer locks for access control were phased out by computer manufacturers in the 1990s as operating systems and other software incorporated user profiles with passwords, but computer locks to prevent theft are still in use, more commonly in the form of Kensington locks that attach cables to laptops and small desktops in an effort to prevent them from being taken.

See also 
 Physical security
 Computer access control
 Data security

References 

Computer lock
ElectroBOOM. Mehdi Sadaghdar ( ; , ; born 13 January 1977) is an Iranian-Canadian electrical engineer who hosts the comedic educational YouTube channel ElectroBOOM.

Early life
Sadaghdar was born in Iran on 13 January 1977 and resides in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. He was conferred a Bachelor of Applied Science from the University of Tehran in 1999 and, after moving to Vancouver, a Master of Applied Science from Simon Fraser University in 2006. He married his wife, Safiya Nafisi, on 16 September 1999. They have a daughter together, who is featured in some of his videos as a pianist or assistant, whom he refers to as ElectroCUTE.

Career
Sadaghdar's videos are mainly focused around comedic electronics tutorials and education. He intentionally creates situations where a shock, fire or explosion (often caused by capacitors) occurs for comedic effect, demonstrating the dangers of electricity when not properly handled, resulting in him swearing, which he beep-censors. His most viewed video, "How to NOT make an electric guitar", has over 21 million views and demonstrates the hazards of mains electricity.

He has currently amassed over 8 million subscribers and over one billion views on his YouTube channel.

References

External links

Iranian emigrants to Canada
Canadian electrical engineers
University of Tehran alumni
Simon Fraser University alumni
1977 births
Living people
English-language YouTube channels
Science-related YouTube channels
YouTubers from Vancouver
Böhm's language. Böhm's language refers to the language, machine and a translation method developed by Corrado Böhm during the latter part of 1950. Böhm used this work as part of his dissertation, submitted in 1951 (amended after submission), published in 1954.

The compiler 

Böhm's work described the first complete meta-circular compiler. The code for the compiler was remarkably precise, and consisted of only 114 lines of code. Since the language accepted only two kinds of expressions: fully parenthesized or without parenthesis, but with operator precedence, therefore the code of the compiler split into two parts. 59 lines were used to handle formulas with parenthesis, 51 to handle operator precedence expressions and 4 to decide between those two cases.

Böhm's parsing technique for expressions had only linear complexity. It generated instructions to a structure similar to a binary tree.

The language 

Böhm's language consisted of only assignment operations. It had no special constructs like user defined functions, control structures. Variables represented only non-negative integers. To perform a jump one had to write to a special π variable. To perform I/O ? symbol was used.

An example program which loads 11-element array from an input would look as follows.

 A. Set i = 0 (plus the                                π → G
    base address 100 for                             100 → i
    the input array a).                                B → π

 B. Let a new input a[i] be                           π' → B
    given. Increase i by unity,                        ? → ↓i
    and stop if i > 10,                              i+1 → i
    otherwise repeat B.  [(1∩(i∸110))∙Ω]+[(1∸(i∸110))∙B] → π

∩ represents a minimum operator and ∸ logical difference.

References

Sources
 Knuth, Donald E.; Pardo, Luis Trabb (1976). "Early development of programming languages". Stanford University, Computer Science Department.

Translation
Computer languages
Computer data
Encodings
486th Flight Test Squadron. The 486th Flight Test Squadron is a secretive United States Air Force unit with a misleading designation, assigned to Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, which is associated with activities of the U.S. State Department Foreign Emergency Support Team and Central Intelligence Agency Special Activities Center. The squadron motto is "Non semper ea sunt quae videntur" which translates as "Not always what they seem". It is currently assigned to the 96th Test Wing, and operates a pair of Boeing C-32B Gatekeeper aircraft, on stand-by alert for special operations and intelligence missions world-wide. Official documents make it clear that operations fall under the aegis of Air Force Special Operations Command. Of the two C-32B craft in existence, the 486th appears to fly the more clandestine craft, or on more clandestine missions, as the other operator of the C-32B, the 150th Special Operations Squadron of the New Jersey Air National Guard, denies the existence of a second aircraft and makes no mention of the 486th in public or internal documentation.

Operations
The 486th Flight Test Squadron was activated by 1995. One former employee describes it as a "classified unit" and "a selectively manned, one-of-a-kind unit." Very little is officially acknowledged about the classified missions of the 486th Flight Test Squadron, which is, in fact, not a test unit at all, but a quick-reaction transportation operation utilized by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, the Domestic Emergency Support Team, and the Foreign Emergency Support Team to respond to terrorist incidents worldwide. The aircraft may also be utilized in conjunction with the Special Activities Division of the Central Intelligence Agency.

The vast Eglin complex is also home to the headquarters of Air Force Special Operations Command at Hurlburt Field, as well as the United States Army's 7th Special Forces Group, which relocated from Fort Liberty, North Carolina, in 2011.

Equipment

 Boeing C-32B Gatekeeper – 2

See also
 List of United States Air Force test squadrons
 Foreign Emergency Support Team
 Special Activities Division

References

Military units and formations in Florida
Flight test squadrons of the United States Air Force
KIMO Industrie Elektronik GmbH. KIMO Industrie-Elektronik GmbH is a German private limited company located in Erlangen southern part of Germany. Founded in 1989 the company develops, manufactures and sell solutions for electronic drive technology and power electronics. KIMO is known to have produced Motor soft starters and other motor control devices, holding patents in power electronics has given Braking chopper solutions for port cranes at Fort de France in Martinique

Product range 
The company manufactures drive solutions with power range from 0.25 kW up to 2000 kW. and from 110 V up to 690 V.

Products 
 Soft starter
 DC Injection Braking unit
 Voltage controller
 Braking chopper
 Variable frequency drive
 Regenerative frequency drives

References

Manufacturing companies of Germany
German brands
Electrical engineering companies of Germany
Companies based in Erlangen
Engineering companies of Germany
Mikhail Anisimov. Mikhail Alexeevich Anisimov (Russian: Михаил Алексе́евич Анисимов, born November 2, 1941, Baku, Azerbaijan, USSR) is a Russian and American interdisciplinary scientist.

Early life 
Anisimov received a degree in petroleum engineering from Grozny Petroleum Institute in 1964, a doctorate in physical chemistry from Moscow State University in 1969, and a doctor of science degree in molecular and thermal physics from the Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy in Moscow in 1976.

Career 
From 1969 through 1977,  Anisimov worked at the U.S.S.R. State Committee for Standards and Product Quality Management (Russian: Госстандарт), where his postdoctoral mentor was Alexander V. Voronel. From 1978 until 1993, Anisimov was a professor and the chairman of the physics department of Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas. In 1994, Anisimov began working in the United States as a professor for both the department of chemical and biomolecular engineering and for the Institute of Physical Science and Technology at the University of Maryland, College Park.

Research  
Anisimov’s field of research is thermodynamics of fluids and fluid mixtures, liquid crystals, polymers, and other soft-matter materials. His research group at the University of Maryland (jointly with Jan V. Sengers ) is one of the leading international authorities in the field of critical phenomena and phase transitions. Anisimov works in theory and experiments, fundamental problems and applications. He has been an author and a co-author of 2 books, 14 book chapters and review articles and more than 400 published journal and encyclopedia articles, conference proceedings and reports.

Personal life 
Anisimov has four children. His eldest daughter, Tanya Anisimova, was a cellist and composer.

Honors and awards
University System of Maryland Board of Regents’ Faculty Award, 2015
Yeram S. Touloukian Award in Thermophysics (American Society of Mechanical Engineers), 2015
Fellow of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2014
Foreign Member of the Russian Academy of Engineering, 2013
Foreign Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, 2013
Poole and Kent Senior Teaching Award, University of Maryland, College Park, 2007
Foundation for Science and Technology International Award, Gunma University, Japan, 2006 
Member of the International Academy of Refrigeration (Ukrainian Branch), 2003
Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2002
Fellow of the American Physical Society, 1998

Bibliography (partial)
 M. A. Anisimov, “50 years of breakthrough discoveries in fluid criticality”, Int. J. Thermophys. 32, 2001–2009 (2011).

 M. A. Anisimov, V. A. Rabinovich, and V. V. Sychev, "Thermodynamics of the Critical State of Individual Substances", English Edition: CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1995, 171 pages

References

External links
Terpconnect.umd.edu/~anisimov/
Ench.umd.edu/faculty/anisimov/
Lightscatteringcenter.umd.edu/

Living people
1941 births
University of Maryland, College Park faculty
Moscow State University alumni
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Russian physicists
21st-century American physicists
Posnjakite. Posnjakite is a hydrated copper sulfate mineral. It was discovered in the Tungsten deposit of Nura-Taldy in Karaganda Region in Kazakhstan and described in 1967 by Aleksandr Ivanovich Komkov (1926–1987) and Yevgenii Ivanovich Nefedov (1910–1976) and named after geochemist Eugene Valdemar Posnjak (1888–1949).

Occurrence 
Posnjakite is an uncommon but widespread secondary mineral in the oxidised zone of copper sulfide deposits, which may be of post-mine formation.  It is associated with brochantite, langite, devilline, serpierite, woodwardite, wroewolfeite, aurichalcite, azurite, malachite and chalcopyrite.

References 

Copper(II) minerals
Sulfate minerals
Monoclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 7
Hollandite. Hollandite (chemical formula: Ba(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16) is a manganese oxide mineral. Its structure consists of double chains of MnO6 octahedra delimiting 2 × 2 tunnels. The electrostatic charge created by the Mn3+ for Mn4+ substitution is balanced by cations in the tunnels. Their nature determines the mineral species: Ba for hollandite, K for cryptomelane, Pb for coronadite, Sr for strontiomelane, Tl for thalliomelane, and Na for manjiroite. Pure species are rare and most 2 × 2 tectomanganates contain mixtures of several types of tunnel cations.

A mineral, with the chemical composition BaMn4+6Fe3+2O16, that was first found in the Kajlidongri mine in the Jhabua district of Madhya Pradesh, India, had the name hollandite until it was reclassified as ferrihollandite by the International Mineralogical Association in 2012. Ferrihollandite is the barium-iron (III) endmember of the coronadite group.

See also
Manganese dioxide

References

Barium minerals
Manganese(III,IV) minerals
Oxide minerals
2219 aluminium alloy. 2219 aluminium alloy is an alloy in the wrought aluminium-copper family (2000 or 2xxx series). It can be heat-treated to produce tempers with higher strength but lower ductility. The aluminium-copper alloys have high strength, but are generally less corrosion resistant and harder to weld than other types of aluminium alloys. To compensate for the lower corrosion resistance, 2219 aluminium can be clad in a commercially pure alloy such as 1050 or painted. This alloy is commonly formed by both extrusion and forging, but is not used in casting.

The 2219 aluminium alloy in particular has high fracture toughness, is weldable and resistant to stress corrosion cracking, therefore it is widely used in supersonic aircraft skin and structural members. The Space Shuttle Standard Weight Tank was also fabricated from the 2219 alloy. The Columbus module on the International Space Station also used 2219 aluminium alloy with a cylinder thickness of 4 mm, which was increased to 7 mm for the end cones. The dome and skirt of the Cupola Module on the International Space Station also uses 2219 aluminium alloy.

Alternate designations include AlCu6Mn and A92219. It is described in the following standards:
 ASTM B 209: Standard Specification for Aluminium and Aluminium-Alloy Sheet and Plate
 ASTM B 211: Standard Specification for Aluminium and Aluminium-Alloy Bar, Rod, and Wire
 ASTM B 221: Standard Specification for Aluminium and Aluminium-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles, and Tubes
 ISO 6361: Wrought Aluminium and Aluminium Alloy Sheets, Strips and Plates

Chemical composition

The alloy composition of 2219 aluminium is:
 Aluminium: 91.5 to 93.8%
 Copper: 5.8 to 6.8%
 Iron: 0.3% max
 Magnesium: 0.02% max
 Manganese: 0.2 to 0.4%
 Silicon: 0.2% max
 Titanium: 0.02 to 0.10%
 Vanadium: 0.05 to 0.15%
 Zinc: 0.1% max
 Zirconium: 0.10 to 0.25%
 Residuals: 0.15% max

References

Aluminium alloy table 

Aluminium alloys
Aluminium–copper alloys
3003 aluminium alloy. 3003 aluminium alloy is an alloy in the wrought aluminium-manganese family (3000 or 3xxx series). It can be cold worked (but not, unlike some other types of aluminium alloys, heat-treated) to produce tempers with a higher strength but a lower ductility. Like most other aluminium-manganese alloys, 3003 is a general-purpose alloy with moderate strength, good workability, and good corrosion resistance. It is commonly rolled and extruded, but typically not forged. As a wrought alloy, it is not used in casting. It is also commonly used in sheet metal applications such as gutters, downspouts, roofing, and siding.

Alternate designations include 3.0517 and A93003. 3003 aluminium and its various tempers are covered by the ISO standard 6361 and the ASTM standards B209, B210, B211, B221, B483, B491, and B547.

Chemical Composition

The alloy composition of 3003 aluminium is:
 Aluminium: 96.8 to 99%
 Copper: 0.05 to 0.20%
 Iron: 0.7% max
 Manganese: 1.0 to 1.5%
 Silicon: 0.6% max
 Zinc: 0.1% max
 Residuals: 0.15% max

References

Aluminium alloy table 

Aluminium alloys
Aluminium–manganese alloys
Hoecken linkage. In kinematics, the Hoecken linkage (named for Karl Hoecken) is a four-bar linkage that converts rotational motion to approximate straight-line motion. The Hoecken linkage is a cognate linkage of the Chebyshev linkage and Chebyshev's Lambda Mechanism.

The linkage was first published in 1926.

A generalization of the Hoecken linkage is Wittgenstein's rod.

See also 

Chebyshev linkage and Chebyshev lambda linkage, linkages that produce a very similar locus without the need of a sliding joint.
Straight line mechanism
Four-bar linkage

References

External links 

Straight line mechanisms
Linkages (mechanical)
3004 aluminium alloy. 3004 aluminium alloy is an alloy in the wrought aluminium-manganese alloys family (3000 or 3xxx series). It is similar to the 3003 alloy, except for the addition of approximately 1% magnesium. It can be cold worked (but not, unlike some other types of aluminium alloys, heat treated) to produce tempers with a higher strength but a lower ductility. Like most other aluminium-manganese alloys, 3003 is a general-purpose alloy with moderate strength, good workability, and good corrosion resistance. It is commonly rolled and extruded, but typically not forged. As a wrought alloy, it is not used in casting.

The alloy 3004 is commonly used in the making of beverage cans. It was developed to satisfy the need for thinner gauges in can-stock, and thereby to some extent replaced its predecessor 3003 alloy in the making of beverage cans. Can-stock can be made thinner due to the addition of 1% magnesium, which contributes in solid solution strengthening.

Alternate designations include 3.0526 and A93004. 3004 aluminium and its various tempers are discussed in the following standards:

 ASTM B 209: Standard Specification for Aluminium and Aluminium-Alloy Sheet and Plate
 ASTM B 221: Standard Specification for Aluminium and Aluminium-Alloy Extruded Bars, Rods, Wire, Profiles, and Tubes
 ASTM B 547: Standard Specification for Aluminium and Aluminium-Alloy Formed and Arc-Welded Round Tube
 ISO 6361: Wrought Aluminium and Aluminium Alloy Sheets, Strips and Plates

Chemical Composition

References

Aluminium alloy table 

Aluminium alloys
Aluminium–manganese alloys