omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Queensland Railways 1200 class. The 1200 class were a class of diesel locomotive built by English Electric, Bradford for Queensland Railways in 1953–1954.

History
The 1200 class were rostered to haul The Sunlander between Brisbane and Cairns, The Westlander between Brisbane and Roma and The Inlander from Townsville to Mount Isa.

A characteristic addition to the 1200s in 1961 was a sun visor to help reduce glare. As they became due for heavy overhauls in the late 1970s, they were withdrawn.

1200 has been preserved by the Australian Railway Historical Society, and is currently stored at Redbank Railway Workshops.

1225 class
In 1984, 1208 was rebuilt using parts from 1250 class locomotives 1252 and 1253, including a more powerful  engine to replace the original  EE 12SVT engine, while the body was modified to resemble a 1250 class. It earned the nickname "Hybrid" after this work and was renumbered 1225. It also resembles the Brazilian RFN Class 700. It remained in service until 1987, based at Toowoomba working mainly on the Southern line. The loco is now privately owned and is currently stored at Queensland Pioneer Steam Railway (QPSR) at Swanbank Queensland since it was moved there in mid-2010. QPSR now want it out of their premises so now its future is uncertain.

Status table

References

Co-Co locomotives
Diesel locomotives of Queensland
English Electric locomotives
Queensland Rail locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1953
Diesel–electric locomotives of Australia
3 ft 6 in gauge locomotives of Australia
Streamlined diesel locomotives
FGC 254 Series. The 254 Series is a meter gauge freight diesel locomotive built for Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya (FGC).

Three locomotives were built in 1990 by Meinfesa, at the same time as the RENFE Class 319.2 with which it shares a similar external appearance, as well as both having GM-EMD engines and transmissions.

The locomotive is used for potash and salt trains, and occasional special historical passenger trains, on the Llobregat–Anoia Line.

See also
FGC 257 Series

References

External links

FGC serie 254, Images via www.flickr.com
FGC - 254, Images and stock list, www.listadotren.es
Caract. técnicas - Material motor - FGC 254, Technical details,  www.listadotren.es

Diesel locomotives of Spain
Metre gauge diesel locomotives
254 Series
Railway locomotives introduced in 1990
Llobregat–Anoia Line
TOPS (Nortel). TOPS - Traffic Operator Position System is a computerized operator telephone switchboard designed by Bell-Northern Research Labs for the SP-1 4 Wire Switch in the early 1970s and still widely used today by toll and directory-assistance operators.  The terminals known as 'TOPS Positions' are usually connected to Nortel DMS-100 and DMS-200 telephone switches.

Systems
Below are some of the different TOPS systems developed:

TOPS MP
TOPS Multipurpose Position. An earlier-generation operator position for toll and assistance and directory assistance.

TOPS - MPX
A previous-generation operator position based on industry-standard personal computer customized with Nortel Networks components and interfaces to provide connectivity with IBM directory databases.

TOPS
Traffic Operator Position System. Nortel Networks' operator services system is based on the DMS TOPS switch.

TPC
TOPS Position Controller. (Previous generation equipment required for TOPS MP positions) The processing unit provides intelligence and interfaces to the switch for up to four TOPS MP operator positions.

Technical details

The Class 5 switch system for Traffic Operator Position System (TOPS) enables the definition of up to 255 unique queues of calls to operators—and up to 255 unique profiles defining the responsibilities of operators and teams, that is, the queues from which they can draw calls. This technology was first introduced in the DMS 200/300. Previously, only four queues were available, all straight-line models, forecasted with Erlang distribution algorithms and table look-ups.  Now, a vast array of queues were available, with variable grades of service, served by multiple queues of operators in both primary and secondary capacity.  The lookup tables were no longer capable of forecasting for this complex queueing environment.

Above: A picture of a keyboard from the Nortel TOPS position (terminal)

See also
 Digital Multiplex System

References

Telephone exchanges
NNI. NNI may refer to:
 Network-to-network interface, used to interconnect signalling networks in telecommunications
 Net national income, a term in economics
 National Nanotechnology Initiative, a U.S. government cross-agency coordinating program
 Ngagyur Nyingma Institute, a monastic college for Buddhist studies & research
 Numéro national d'identification, the national identification number used in France
 Neural Network Intelligence, an open source AutoML toolkit for neural architecture search and hyper-parameter tuning
 Novo Nordisk Inc., a Danish pharmaceutical company.
Athanase Dupré. Louis Victoire Athanase Dupré (28 December 1808 – 10 August 1869) was a French mathematician and physicist noted for his 1860s publications on the mechanical theory of heat (thermodynamics); work that was said to have inspired the publications of engineer François Massieu and his Massieu functions; which in turn inspired the work of American engineer Willard Gibbs and his fundamental equations.

See also
Young–Dupré equation

References

Athanase Dupre Biography at the MacTutor History of Mathematics archive

Thermodynamicists
1869 deaths
1808 births
French mathematicians
French physicists
People from Yonne
Workwriter. Workwriter was a word processor  software written in C, in 1983 and 1984, by Peter P. Vekinis, similar in features and operation to dedicated word processors marketed by AES Data Inc. 

The software was sold to TANDY Europe, subsidiary of Tandy Corporation (more than 4000 copies were shipped in French, English and German) for the Amstrad CPC 6128 personal computer under the CP/M operating system. Britain's PC World magazine published an article on Workwriter It was in the November 1984 issue. It was also made available for the IBM PC under MS-DOS and PC DOS operating systems and other similar computers.

Workwriter had a simple user interface and was a video based word processor, in other words, a user could type text wherever he wanted on the screen. This was unlike other word processors who displayed structured text on a screen (the user could not move his cursor outside the text and type). The ability made Workwriter easy to use since the user was presented with a physical page metaphor. Pages were 80 characters by 99 lines long. Pages were strung together to create chapters and documents. The software offered columns, character based graphics, justifications and multiple character sets. It supported many printers including those with Daisy wheels.

The software was further improved with additional features (such as built-in serial communications, pagination and index creation) and was finally sold and became the word processing part of legal software in Belgium. You can download a copy and see how it works here.

References

External links
 Vekinis.com/VintageDosSoftware.html
 Vekinis.com

Word processors
Sigmund Riefler. Sigmund Riefler (9 August 1847 – 21 October 1912) was a German physicist, inventor and precision clockmaker.

Life 

Sigmund Riefler was born on 9 August 1847 to Magdalena and Clemens Riefler. He studied mathematics, geodesy and mechanical engineering at the Technical University of Munich, and then physics and astronomy at the University of Munich. From 1870 he worked as an engineer in the Royal Prussian Land Survey, surveying land in Schleswig.

In 1876 after the death of his father, he took over the firm of Clemens Riefler with his two brothers, Adolf and Theodor. Sigmund worked mainly on new developments in the area of drawing instruments and precision clocks, while his brothers handled the technical, sales and management of the company.

In 1878 he settled in Munich, to be in contact with the local scientific community. He invented the Riefler escapement which was patented in 1889. He died in Munich on 21 October 1912 at the age of 65.

In popular culture
Monroe mentions Sigmund Riefler in the "One Night Stand" episode in Season 3 of Grimm.

Awards 

 1894 John Scott Medal of the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia, USA
 1897 Honorary Doctorate (Dr. phil. hc) of the  Philosophischen Fakultät der Universität München
 1899 Sigmund and both brothers received the honorary citizenship of the market town Nesselwang (new site since 1879 the company)
 1900 Golden Delbrück-Denkmünze of the Verein zur Förderung des Gewerbefleißes in Prussia
 1905 Kommerzienrat Title

Patents 

 1889 DRP Nr. 50739 Doppelradhemmung für Chronometer mit vollkommen freier Unruhe und für Pendeluhren mit freiem Pendel.
 1891 DRP Nr. 60059 Quecksilber-Kompensationspendel.
 1893 US Patent 508530 Mercurial Compensation-Pendulum
 1893 US Patent 508760 Pendulum-Escapement
 1897 DRP Nr. 100870 Pendel mit Nickelstahlstange und mehreren zusammenwirkenden Compensationsröhren.
 1903 DRP Nr. 151710 Elektrische Aufziehvorrichtung für Uhren mit einem treibenden Gewichtshebel und einem Elektromagneten zum Heben desselben.
 1913 DRP Nr. 272119 Schwerkrafthemmung mit zwei Antriebshebeln.

References

External links 

  Special catalogue of the collective exhibition of scientific instruments and appliances exhibited by the Deutsche gesellschaft für mechanik und optik, Berlin
 Uhrenkabinett der Staatlichen Museen Kassel: precision clock in pressure-tight tank
 Ladd Observatory: Riefler Precision Clock
 Riefler Industry GmbH & Co. KG History of company from official website

19th-century German inventors
German clockmakers
1847 births
1912 deaths
Technical University of Munich alumni
Burials at the Alter Nordfriedhof (Munich)
Charles Kuta. Charles Stanley "Herb" Kuta (born 1956) is an American electronics engineer and software engineer who was a co-founder of Silicon Graphics, a major graphics workstation manufacturer.

Biography
Charles Kuta was brought up in Pennsylvania, United States. He attended Atlantic College in Wales and then University College, Oxford, England, where he studied engineering science from 1974 to 1977, gaining a first class degree. While here, he also played tuba in the Oxcentrics, an Oxford-based Dixieland jazz band.

Kuta went on to study for a Master's degree at Stanford University in California, USA. While at Stanford, he was invited to be a co-founder of Silicon Graphics, Inc., by Dr. Jim Clark; the company was established in 1982. 

He was also involved in the design of the pipelined Geometry Engine that undertook 3D graphical transformations in hardware.

Subsequently, Kuta worked at Pellucid and co-founded Quantum3D in 1997, where he was Vice President of System Software Architecture. 

More recently, he has been based at Palm, Inc., now part of Hewlett-Packard.

References

1956 births
Living people
Engineers from Pennsylvania
People educated at Atlantic College
Alumni of University College, Oxford
Stanford University alumni
Computer hardware engineers
American software engineers
Businesspeople from California
Silicon Graphics people
Palm, Inc.
Hewlett-Packard people
Silicon Valley people
Oxcentrics members
English tubists
American electrical engineers
German submarine U-877. German submarine U-877 was a Type IXC/40 U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during the Second World War. The ship was ordered on 2 April 1942, laid down on 22 May 1943, and launched on 10 December 1943. She was commissioned into the Kriegsmarine under the command of Kapitänleutnant Eberhard Findeisen on 24 March 1944. Initially assigned to the 4th U-boat Flotilla, she was transferred to the 33rd U-boat Flotilla on 1 December 1944.

Design
German Type IXC/40 submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXCs. U-877 had a displacement of  when at the surface and  while submerged. The U-boat had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of  for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of  for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two  propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to .

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of  and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate for  at ; when surfaced, she could travel  at . U-877 was fitted with six  torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one  SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a  Flak M42 as well as two twin  C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.

Service history
She carried out a single war patrol, departing Horten Naval Base on 25 November 1944. Two days later she was attacked by Bristol Beaufighters of No. 489 Squadron, which launched two depth charges at her. She crash dived, escaping the attackers, but losing her radar antenna.

U-877 was attacked on 27 December 1944 in the North Atlantic, north-west of the Azores, by the Royal Canadian Navy's  . She was badly damaged by St. Thomass squid mortar and sank at position , after her crew had abandoned ship. All 56 were picked up by St. Thomas.

The end of the submarine and the friendship that develops between both captains is described in the book "Ne Tirez Pas" (Don't shoot) written by Jean-Louis Morgan and Linda Sinclair published by Edition l'Archipel .

References

Bibliography

External links

German Type IX submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1944
World War II submarines of Germany
U-boats sunk in 1944
U-boats sunk by Canadian warships
World War II shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean
1943 ships
Ships built in Bremen (state)
Maritime incidents in December 1944
Virtual environment software. Virtual environment software refers to any software, program or system that implements, manages and controls multiple virtual environment instances (self definition). The software is installed within an organization's existing IT infrastructure and controlled from within the organization itself. From a central interface, the software creates an interactive and immersive experience for administrators and users.

Uses
Virtual environment software can be purposed for any use, from advanced military training in a virtual environment simulator to virtual classrooms. Many Virtual Environments are being purposed as branding channels for products and services by enterprise corporations and non-profit groups.

Virtual events and virtual tradeshows have been the early accepted uses of virtual event services. More recently, virtual environment software platforms have offered choices to enterprises – with the ability to connect people across the Internet. Virtual environment software enables organizations to extend their market and industry reach while reducing (all travel-related) costs and time.

Background
Providers of virtual environments have tended to focus on the early marketplace adoption of virtual events. These providers are typically software as a service (SaaS)-based. Most have evolved from the streaming media/gaming arena and social networking applications.

This early virtual event marketplace is now moving towards 3D persistent environments, where enterprises combine e-commerce, social media as core operating systems, and is evolving into virtual environments for branding, customer acquisition, and service centers. A persistent environment enables users, visitors and administrators to re-visit a part or parts of the event or session. Information gathered by attendees and end users is typically stored in a virtual briefcase typically including contact information and marketing materials.

References

Technology
Virtual reality
Graphics standards
3D computer graphics
Vector graphics markup languages
Louis Kahn (admiral). Louis-Lazare Kahn (1895–1967, Paris), known as Admiral Louis Kahn, was the first French Jewish Admiral, and a leader of the French Jewish community.

Biography
Louis Kahn was born in 1895 and received a degree in marine engineering from the École Polytechnique in 1914. During World War II, he escaped from France via Spain, headed for London, then to Algiers, the shipbuilding center of the Free French Naval Forces ().

With the Secretary of the Navy (Ministre de la Marine) Louis Jacquinot and the Vice-Admiral André Lemonnier, Engineer General Louis Kahn was one of the project managers of the revival of the Navy from Algiers.

Roger Peyrefitte thus described Admiral Kahn's role:

He was president of the Marine Academy (l'Académie de marine) from 1959 to 1961.

He was president of the Consistoire Central des juifs de France (1963–1967). He was also president-delegate of the Alliance Israélite Universelle and vice-president of the ORT.

Admiral Kahn was close to rabbi David Feuerwerker. The latter officiated at the wedding of the son of the president of the Consistoire Central in the Synagogue Chasseloup-Laubat, in the 15th arrondissement of Paris.

Personal life 
Louis Kahn married Anne-Marcelle Schrameck (1896–1965) on 11 July 1922, at the synagogue de la Victoire in Paris. In 1919 she had been the first woman engineer to graduate from the École nationale supérieure des mines de Saint-Étienne (the National School of Mines of Saint-Étienne). The couple lived in Brest, then Saigon then Lorient and had two sons, Pierre (1926–1997) and Jean (1931–2017).

Death and commemoration 
Admiral Kahn was buried at Versailles's Jewish cemetery. The funeral was led by Jacob Kaplan', France's Chief Rabbi. Note that both, Kahn and Kaplan, were Kohanim.

In 1968, the writer Arnold Mandel gave the following description of Admiral Kahn:

On July 18, 2010, in a speech, the French Secretary of State for development of the territory, Hubert Falco, paid homage to him.

Bibliography 
 Pierre Kahn. Essai sur les méthodes de pensée et d'action de l'ingénieur général du Génie maritime Louis Kahn. Académie de marine: Paris, 1973
 Richard Ayoun.Un grand homme de la communauté juive de Versailles: l'ingénieur général du génie maritime Louis Kahn (1895–1967). Centenaire de la synagogue de Versailles, Versailles, septembre 1986, p. 33-36.
 Susan Zuccotti. The Holocaust, the French, and the Jews. University of Nebraska Press, 1999. ,

See also
 Consistory (Judaism)

References

External links
Philippe Quérel. L'échec du PA-28, premier porte-avion français de l'après-guerre. Institut de stratégie comparée, Commission française d'histoire militaire, Institut d'histoire des conflits contemporains
 Louis Kahn sur la page FNFL de X-Résistance.
Annuaire maritime de 1948

1895 births
1967 deaths
Jews in the French resistance
French Navy personnel of World War II
20th-century French Jews
Military personnel of the Free French Naval Forces
French Navy admirals
French marine engineers
Stephen Billings. Stephen A. Billings (1951 – 18 December 2022) was Professor of Signal Processing and Complex Systems, and Director of the Signal Processing and Complex Systems Research Group, in the Dept. of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering of the University of Sheffield. He  died on 18 December 2022.  He was one of only seven academics of that university counted as "highly cited" by the ISI Web of Knowledge with over 500 publications to his name. Based on information from the Web of Science he is ranked as the fourth most highly cited engineer in the UK, over all categories of engineering, and is one of the world's most highly cited systems and control engineers.

Billings was born in 1951 in the UK, and studied Electrical Engineering at Liverpool University, receiving a BEng (first class honours) in 1972.  He went on to gain a PhD from the University of Sheffield in 1975, joining the ACSE department the same year.  He rose to Professor in 1990 and Director in 2001.

Billings was a Chartered Engineer, Chartered Mathematician and Chartered Scientist.  He was elected Fellow of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications in 1989 and of the Institute of Electrical Engineers in 1992. He was awarded the degree of DEng by Liverpool University in 1990.

References

1951 births
2022 deaths
Academics of the University of Sheffield
British electrical engineers
Fellows of the Institution of Engineering and Technology
Alumni of the University of Liverpool
Alumni of the University of Sheffield
Fellows of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications
Fellows of the Institution of Electrical Engineers
ROM DOS. ROM DOS may refer to:

Datalight ROM-DOS, a ROMed version of DOS by Datalight since 1989
General Software Embedded DOS-ROM, a ROMed version of Embedded DOS by General Software since 1990
MS-ROMDOS, a ROMed version of MS-DOS by Microsoft

See also
ROM Operating System (ROS), a ROMed version of Digital Research's DR DOS since 1988
DOS Plus, a ROMable DOS
DR DOS, a ROMable DOS
PalmDOS, a ROMable DOS
Horry-Georgetown Technical College. Horry-Georgetown Technical College (HGTC) is a public technical college in Conway, South Carolina. It is a part of the South Carolina Technical College System.

HGTC is the fourth largest technical college in the state, and offers over 65 degree and certificate programs in Golf & Sports Turf Technology, Arts & Science, Business, Engineering & Industrial Technology, Health Science, Information/Computer Technology, and Public Service Technology. Tourism programs that have been added help the local economy. 90 percent of graduates stay in the area.

HGTC currently has three campuses. In addition to the main campus on U.S. 501 next to Coastal Carolina University in Conway  the school has campuses in Myrtle Beach  and Georgetown  Students can also take classes online. The Conway campus has 13 buildings on .

The Grand Strand Campus Conference and Business Center near The Market Common has meeting space that includes the Thomas C. Maeser Auditorium, a  ballroom.

History
In 1961, the Technical Education System in South Carolina began. In 1963, the South Carolina General Assembly created the Horry-Georgetown Commission for Technical Education. Horry-Marion-Georgetown Technical Education Center began with 123 students in 1966. In 1975, the name changed to Horry-Georgetown Technical College as a result of growth and changed emphasis. Horry-Georgetown Technical College now serves Horry and Georgetown Counties, while Marion County is served by Florence-Darlington Technical College.

In 2000, as buildings were torn down at the former Myrtle Beach Air Force Base, HGTC claimed the Officers Club and Non-Commissioned Officers Club.

The former base hospital became the Dr. Robert E. Speir Jr. Health Education Center on the Myrtle Beach campus, which held its grand opening July 11, 2008. In 2009, HGTC announced the center would get a  addition for dental programs. The $7.4 million facility was substantially complete when Myrtle Beach City  Council toured it May 8, 2012.

On June 15, 2012, the dedication of the Fred Fore Wildlife Pavilion was held at the Georgetown campus. Fore served as president of Florence-Darlington Technical College for 29 years, and his wife Marilyn Fore, the current HGTC President, worked to develop the pavilion as a forestry classroom.

References

External links

Official website

Universities and colleges accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools
Education in Horry County, South Carolina
South Carolina Technical College System
Universities and colleges established in 1966
1966 establishments in South Carolina
Two-year colleges in the United States