omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
William I. McLaughlin. William I. McLaughlin (born 1935) is a retired American space scientist.

After being awarded his PhD in mathematics at the University of California at Berkeley in 1968 (with a thesis on celestial mechanics), he worked at Bellcomm, Inc. in Washington D.C. on the Apollo lunar-landing program. In 1971 he joined the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, where he remained until his retirement in 1999. He participated in a number of projects, including Viking, SEASAT, and the Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS). He served as the JPL deputy directory of astrophysics, the manager of the Voyager 2 flight engineering office during the spacecraft's encounter with Uranus, and manager of the Mission Profiling and Sequencing Section.

In 1977 he suggested that widely observable celestial events such as nova explosions may be used by hypothetical extraterrestrial intelligences for scheduling the transmission of signals. This would allow receivers in other stellar systems to estimate when the signals would arrive. To test this concept, during a six-month period in 1988, the star Epsilon Eridani was observed using a 40-foot radio telescope at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory in Green Bank, West Virginia, with Nova Cygni 1975 being used as the timer. However, no anomalous radio signals were observed. This does not, of course, preclude the idea from being confirmed at a later date.

He received the NASA Exceptional Service Medal in 1984 for his work on the IRAS and the NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal for his work on the Voyager encounter with Uranus. Asteroid 4838 Billmclaughlin is named after him.

References

Living people
1935 births
Space scientists
Bell–Evans–Polanyi principle. In physical chemistry, the Evans–Polanyi principle (also referred to as the Bell–Evans–Polanyi principle, Brønsted–Evans–Polanyi principle, or Evans–Polanyi–Semenov principle) observes that the difference in activation energy between two reactions of the same family is proportional to the difference of their enthalpy of reaction.

This relationship can be expressed as

 

where

  is the activation energy of a reference reaction of the same class,
  is the enthalpy of reaction,
  characterizes the position of the transition state along the reaction coordinate (such that ).

The Evans–Polanyi model is a linear energy relationship that serves as an efficient way to calculate activation energy of many reactions within a distinct family. The activation energy may be used to characterize the kinetic rate parameter of a given reaction through application of the Arrhenius equation.

The Evans–Polanyi model assumes that the pre-exponential factor of the Arrhenius equation and the position of the transition state along the reaction coordinate are the same for all reactions belonging to a particular reaction family.

See also
 Hammond's postulate
 Free-energy relationship
 Brønsted catalysis equation
 Catalytic resonance theory

References

Notes

Enthalpy
Thermochemistry
Dechloromonas agitata strain CKB. Dechloromonas agitata strain CKB is a dissimilatory perchlorate reducing bacterium (DRPB) that was isolated from paper mill waste. Strain CKB is a Gram negative, facultative anaerobe belonging to the Betaproteobacteria. The cells of strain CKB are highly motile and possess a single polar flagellum. D. agitata can couple the oxidation of several electron donors such as acetate, propionate, butyrate, lactate, succinate, fumarate, malate or yeast extract to electron acceptors such as oxygen, chlorate, perchlorate, ferrous iron, sulfide, and reduced humic substances like 2,6-anthrahydroquinone disulfonate. Unlike other perchlorate reducers, strain CKB cannot grow by nitrate reduction, which suggests that the pathways of nitrate and perchlorate reduction are distinct and unrelated, contrary to what previous research had shown.

Biological perchlorate reduction by strain CKB
Strain CKB can reduce chlorate and perchlorate (collectively known as (per)chlorate) completely to chloride. The first step of the pathway involves the reduction of (per)chlorate to chlorite via the perchlorate reductase (Pcr) enzyme. Chlorite is then dismutated to molecular oxygen and chloride by the chlorite dismutase (Cld) enzyme. The produced oxygen can then be reduced to water by action of the enzyme cytochrome oxidase.
The Cld enzyme, encoded by an 834 bp gene, is 277 amino acids long and includes a 26 amino acid leader peptide. Though expressed at basal levels under aerobic conditions, the cld gene was transcriptionally upregulated when strain CKB cells were grown in (per)chlorate. The Cld enzyme is of particular interest not only because it protects cells from toxic chlorite, but also because it is one of only a handful of systems capable of producing molecular oxygen.

References

External links
Type strain of Dechloromonas agitata at BacDive -  the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase

Rhodocyclaceae
Infraspecific bacteria taxa
Chamera II Hydroelectric Plant. Chamera II is a run of the river hydroelectric dam built by NHPC India. It is a 300 MW (3x100 MW) project built on the Ravi River  in Himachal Pradesh. It was commissioned in March 2004.

References

External links

NHPC India website

Dams in Himachal Pradesh
Hydroelectric power stations in Himachal Pradesh
Dams completed in 2004
Dams on the Ravi River
Buildings and structures in Chamba district
2004 establishments in Himachal Pradesh
Energy infrastructure completed in 2004
Minimum design metal temperature. MDMT is one of the design conditions for pressure vessels engineering calculations, design and manufacturing according to the ASME Boilers and Pressure Vessels Code. Each pressure vessel that conforms to the ASME code has its own MDMT, and this temperature is stamped on the vessel nameplate. The precise definition can sometimes be a little elaborate, but in simple terms the MDMT is a temperature arbitrarily selected by the user of type of fluid and the temperature range the vessel is going to handle.  The so-called arbitrary MDMT must be lower than or equal to the CET (which is an environmental or "process" property, see below) and must be higher than or equal to the (MDMT)M (which is a material property).

Critical exposure temperature (CET) is the lowest anticipated temperature to which the vessel will be subjected, taking into consideration lowest operating temperature, operational upsets, autorefrigeration, atmospheric temperature, and any other sources of cooling. In some cases it may be the lowest temperature at which significant stresses will occur and not the lowest possible temperature.

(MDMT)M is the lowest temperature permitted according to the metallurgy of the vessel fabrication materials and the thickness of the vessel component, that is, according to the low temperature embrittlement range and the charpy impact test requirements per temperature and thickness, for each one of the vessel's components.

References
ASME, Boilers and Pressure Vessels Code
Dennis R. Moss, Pressure Vessel Design Manual, 1997 (2nd ed.)

Pressure vessels
Threshold temperatures
JBA Motors. JBA Motors was a company based in Norwich, Norfolk that makes the JBA Falcon. The company was originally named JBA Engineering and the name came from the first letter of the surnames of the three partners who founded the firm, Kenneth Glyn Jones, John Barlow and David George Ashley. They were all engineers at British Leyland. John Barlow later left the company, but it was run by Ken Jones and Dave Ashley until 2004.

The Roadster went into production in 1982 (However, cars with model years as early as 1979 exist). In 1985 the JBA Javelin was introduced and the Falcon range was expanded with the JBA Falcon Plus Two. In 1988 the Falcon Roadster was replaced by the Falcon Sports. In 1990 the Falcon range was expanded with the Falcon Tourer that replaced the Falcon 2+2. In 1991 the JBA Falcon Sports SR, the first JBA car to 7
Ford Sierra as donor, was introduced. In 1994 the Falcon Tourer was replaced with Falcon TSR using Sierra parts.

Until end of July 2004 the company was run by Ken Jones and Dave Ashley and based in Standish, Greater Manchester. Tim Banwell bought the factory on 1 August 2004. In 2006 he announced that the company was for sale. In 2007 JBA Engineering went into administration.

Models

JBA Sports SRi 

The SRI is a two-seater sports car in the traditional British pre-World War II style. It uses Ford Sierra mechanical parts.

JBA Falcon TSR 
The Falcon is a four-seater version of the SRI. The rear seat can be used for children up to about eight years old. It also is based on the Ford Sierra.

JBA Javelin 

The Javelin came into existence in 1985, and was an attempt to create a more up to date looking car.  The car was an open four seater with roof panels that were removable at the front and a foldable hood at the rear.  It was based on the Ford Capri.  In 1985, the kit cost £2,290.  The Javelin disappeared again in 1989.

See also
 List of car manufacturers of the United Kingdom

References

External links 

 JBA Motors
 JBA Owners Club

Kit car manufacturers
Luxury motor vehicle manufacturers
Car manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Elliott Passage. Elliott Passage () is a marine channel running northeast–southwest between the southeast coast of Adelaide Island and Jenny Island. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1984 after Captain Christopher R. Elliott, Master of the RRS John Biscoe from 1975, having also served in other officer positions on the John Biscoe and the RRS Bransfield from 1967.

References 

Channels of the Southern Ocean
Straits of Adelaide Island
UKRC. The UKRC (UK Resource Centre) is a UK organisation for the provision of advice, services and policy consultation regarding the under-representation of women in science, engineering, technology and the built environment (SET).
It is funded by the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills and was launched in 2004.

The central base is located in Bradford in the North of England but there are also centres in South East England, South Yorkshire, Scotland and Wales.

The UKRC works to promote gender equality in SET with employers and professional bodies; education institutions; women's organisations and networks; policy institutes; sector skills councils; the government and many others. This includes implementing the Athena SWAN Charter.

In 2011 it took over the leadership of the WISE Campaign and became UKRC-WISE. In late 2012 it took on the WISE name.

See also
Women of Outstanding Achievement Photographic Exhibition

Sources

External links
 The WISE official website
 The Athena SWAN official website

2004 establishments in the United Kingdom
Gender studies organizations
Scientific organisations based in the United Kingdom
Scientific organizations established in 2004
Organisations based in Bradford
Organizations for women in science and technology
Science and technology in West Yorkshire
Women's organisations based in the United Kingdom
Designed landscape. A designed landscape is an area of land which has been modified by people for primarily aesthetic effect. The term is used by historians to denote various types of site, such as gardens, parks, cemeteries, and estates. Such sites are often protected for their historic or artistic value. A designed landscape may comprise landform, water, built structures, trees and plants, all of which may be naturally occurring or introduced.

Overview
Many designed landscapes take advantage of existing geographical features, emphasising them through the planting of woodlands, or the creation of artificial lakes. For example, the parklands created by landscape gardeners such as Lancelot "Capability" Brown, are designed landscapes. 

They may also be more subtle, resulting from the enclosure of land, and the planting of functional woodlands such as shelter belts. Patterns of such features may be of use to historians in identifying the extent of country estates, and in dating agricultural improvements.

See also
 Historic garden conservation
 National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens
 Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes in Scotland

External links
Garden Design & Landscaping
Multidisciplinary Landscape Design
Landscape Design and Installation Scottsdale

Environmental design
Landscape architecture
Landscape
Bogra Government Polytechnic Institute. | Old website =

Bogura Polytechnic Institute () or BPI is a Government Technical Institute in Bogura, Bangladesh. It is one of the largest polytechnic institutes in Bangladesh.

History

In early 1962, Ford Foundation established Bogura Polytechnic Institute, with a duration of 3 years long courses, based on the syllabus of Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, USA. The certificate issued by the then Technical Board Education was "Associated in Engineering" having provision to undergo B.S course in the US and also in the UK Its formation and academic course history details goes back to the birth of Ahsanullah Engineering College, which is now known as BUET.

Administration
Institute Name   		: 	Bogura Polytechnic Institute, Bogura
 Principal			:	 Md. Shofiqul Islam (Incharge)
Village Road      		: 	Sherpur Road
Post Office     		        : 	Bogura
Union Word	     		:   	Ward No-12
Thana Upazila    		:    	Bogura Sadar
Establish Date   		:   	17 September 1962
Reg. Date 	    		:   	17 September 1962
Class Room 	    		:   	52
Male Student	                :	3460 (Approximately)  
Female Student        		:	850 (Approximately)  
Total Teacher		        :       100 (Approximately)  
Total Staff : 90
Male Hostel Seat       		:      Available
Female Hostel Seat   		:	Available

Location
Bogura Polytechnic Institute is located at Colony in the southern part of the Bogra city in Bangladesh. It is near the Police Line and Vocational Teachers Training Institute (VTTI).

Academic programs
It offers Diploma Level Programmes for Diploma-in-Engineering in many different technological areas, each required to study for a 4-year-long curriculum.

Students can participate in:

Civil Technology.--200
Electrical Technology.--300
Mechanical Technology.--300
Power Technology.--100
Electronics Technology.--100
Computer Technology.--100
Refrigeration & air-condition Department. --100

Halls of residence
There are two Boy's and one Girl's dormitories. About 1 thousand residential students stay here.

North Hostel
South Hostel
Korotoa Girls Hostel

Directorates

The institute operates under the executive control of the Ministry of Education(MOE) acting through the Directorate of Technical Education (DTE).[3] The academic programs, curriculums are maintained under the regulation of the Bangladesh Technical Education Board (BTEB).[4] BTEB functions under Directorate of Inspection and Audit (DIA), which in turn functions under Chief Accounts Office (CAO), and it functions under MOE.

See also 
 Education in Bangladesh

References

Government polytechnic institutes in Bangladesh
Information technology in Bangladesh
Organisations based in Bogra District
Universities and colleges established in 1962
1962 establishments in East Pakistan
Denel 35 mm Dual Purpose Gun. The Denel 35 mm Dual Purpose Gun (35DPG) is an inner layer of defence (ILD) weapon system for warships built in South Africa by Denel Land Systems. It is currently in service on the Valour-class frigates of the South African Navy.

Role
Its primary role is to defend against attack by helicopters, fixed-wing aircraft and missiles. It has a secondary role against surface vessels and shore targets, both in symmetrical and asymmetrical warfare and also in law enforcement where accuracy is critical because collateral damage is unacceptable.

Design
The system consists of two GA35 rapid-fire automatic cannons derived from the Oerlikon 35 mm, mounted side by side in an unmanned low radar observable turret. Target acquisition is by the installed search and track radar, while either an electro-optic or optronic tracking system with infrared and visible spectrum modes provide target information. A control console is located in the ship's operations room, although the system operates automatically in the air-defence mode. An emergency control and maintenance panel is fitted on the rear of the turret. The turret does not penetrate the deck on which it is mounted. On the Valour class frigates it is mounted on top of the helicopter hangar. The turret is fully self-contained and requires only an electrical supply and a target data feed from the ship's combat management system and the control console. The turret is capable of unlimited full circle traverse at up to 70° per second and elevates from 10° below to 85° above horizontal at up to 40° per second.

The turret's on-board computers do the ballistic calculations and fire-control. The high level of self-containment and compact size and low weight allows installation on a wide variety of ships down to as small as 200 tonnes.

Ammunition
The cannons fire the full range of NATO standard 35×228 mm ammunition; HEI, HEI-T, SAPHEI, APCI-T, Prac and Prac-T; all manufactured by Rheinmetall Denel Munition's PMP division.

Anti-missile
In the anti-missile role it uses advanced hit efficiency and destruction (AHEAD) ammunition from RWM Schweiz AG. This round ejects 152 tungsten projectiles at a predetermined distance, between 40 and 10 m, from the target. A 25-round burst of AHEAD rounds produces 3,800 of these small projectiles to destroy the incoming missile. Cruise missiles can be destroyed at 2.5 km and high-speed missiles at 1.5 km range.

The system's anti-missile capability is further enhanced by adding Denel's Closed Loop Fire Correction System, which tracks projectiles all the way to the target. This allows for real-time correction of bias errors in the control system and compensation for atmospheric conditions.

See also
 Aselsan GOKDENIZ—comparable Turkish system
 DARDO—comparable Italian system
 Oerlikon Millennium 35 mm Naval Revolver Gun System—comparable Swiss-German system

References

External links
 DLS 35mm DPG Naval Turret – Manufacturer's official website.

Close-in weapon systems
Post–Cold War artillery of South Africa
Naval anti-aircraft guns
Autocannon
35 mm artillery
Weapons countermeasures
Denel
Michael Mitzenmacher. Michael David Mitzenmacher is an American computer scientist working in algorithms. He is Professor of Computer Science at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and was area dean of computer science July 2010 to June 2013. He also runs My Biased Coin, a blog about theoretical computer science.

Education
In 1986, Mitzenmacher attended the Research Science Institute.  Mitzenmacher earned his AB at Harvard, where he was on the team that won the 1990 North American Collegiate Bridge Championship. He attended the University of Cambridge on a Churchill Scholarship from 1991–1992. Mitzenmacher received his PhD in computer science at the University of California, Berkeley in 1996 under the supervision of Alistair Sinclair. He joined Harvard University in 1999.

Research
Mitzenmacher’s research covers the design and analysis of randomised algorithms and processes. With Eli Upfal he is the author  of a textbook  on randomized algorithms  and probabilistic techniques in computer science. Mitzenmacher's PhD thesis was on the analysis of simple randomised load balancing schemes. He is an expert in hash function applications such as Bloom filters, cuckoo hashing, and locality-sensitive hashing. His work on min-wise independence gives a fast way to estimate similarity of electronic documents and is used in internet search engines. Mitzenmacher has also worked on erasure codes and error-correcting codes.

Mitzenmacher has authored over 100 conference and journal publications. He has served on dozens of program committees in computer science, information theory, and networks, and chaired the program committee of the Symposium on Theory of Computing in 2009. He belongs to the  editorial board of SIAM Journal on Computing, Internet Mathematics, and Journal of Interconnection Networks.

Awards and honors
Mitzenmacher became a fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery in 2014. His joint paper  on low-density parity-check codes received the 2002 IEEE Information Theory Society Best Paper Award. His joint paper  on fountain codes received the
2009 ACM SIGCOMM Test of Time Paper Award. In 2019, he was elected as an IEEE Fellow.

Selected publications

  There is also an earlier 1998 technical report with the same title.

References

External links
 Mitzenmacher’s web page

American theoretical computer scientists
Living people
Harvard University alumni
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Harvard University faculty
2014 fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
Fellows of the IEEE
Science bloggers
21st-century science writers
Santa Fe Institute people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
American computer scientists
Godfrey Upland. Godfrey Upland () is a small remnant plateau with an undulating surface and a mean elevation of  in south-central Graham Land, Antarctica. It is bounded by Clarke, Meridian, Lammers and Cole Glaciers. The existence of the feature was known to the United States Antarctic Service, 1939–41, Finn Ronne and Carl R. Eklund having traveled along Meridian and Lammers Glaciers in January 1941. It was photographed from the air by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition in 1947 and surveyed from the ground by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1958. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Thomas Godfrey, an American glassworker and mathematician who, at the same time as John Hadley, independently invented the quadrant (the forerunner of the sextant), in 1730.

References

Plateaus of Graham Land
Bowman Coast
List of LNER locomotives as of 31 December 1947. The following is a list of locomotives of the London and North Eastern Railway as of 31 December 1947. This date is significant because nationalisation of the Big Four occurred the next day, 1 January 1948. Thus this is the list of locomotives as inherited by British Railways. At this time there were approximately 6300 steam locomotives, four diesel electric shunters and one petrol mechanical shunter.

At the time, departmental stock carried numbers within the capital stock series, so are listed there.

The numbering at this time fully reflected the LNER 1946 renumbering scheme, which had grouped most classes into single number blocks. BR allocated numbers in March 1948 (in the meantime there were a few withdrawals and new construction).  Most ex-LNER engines had 60000 added to their numbers, with a few exceptions.

In terms of locomotive taxonomy, the LNER had a superficially simple classification system that got a bit messy under close examination. Where it has been considered prudent therefore, subclasses have been identified rather than classes in order to link to the appropriate articles. The classifications given are the one in use at the time; i.e. reflects changes in classification up to that point but not subsequently.

Willie Yeadon gives full allocations for this date in his book LNER locomotive allocations: 1947: the last day (Irwell Press, 1989). This list is also repeated in the book LNER 150, and can be derived from Longworth.

List of locomotives

See also 

 List of GWR locomotives as of 31 December 1947
 List of LMS locomotives as of 31 December 1947
 List of SR locomotives as of 31 December 1947
 Steam locomotives of British Railways

2
British railway-related lists