omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Pol.is. Polis (or Pol.is) is wiki survey software designed for large group collaborations. An example of a civic technology, Polis allows people to share their opinions and ideas, and its algorithm is intended to elevate ideas that can facilitate better decision-making, especially when there are lots of participants. 

Polis has been credited for assisting the passage of legislation in Taiwan. Pol.is has also been used in America, Canada, Singapore, Philippines, Spain and other governments around the world.

Pol.is was founded by Colin Megill, Christopher Small, and Michael Bjorkegren after the Occupy Wall Street and Arab Spring movements.

In Taiwan, pol.is has been "one of the key parts" of vTaiwan's suite of open-source tools for its citizen engagement efforts arising out of the Sunflower Student Movement. vTaiwan claims that of the 26 national issues related to technology were discussed on the platform and 80% led to government action. Pol.is is also utilized by "Join," a national platform for online deliberation run by the Taiwanese government. Megill credits Audrey Tang and CL Kao, a cofounder of g0v, with convincing him to open-source pol.is.

In 2023, Megill advised OpenAI on how to facilitate deliberation at scale in a way that was more efficient that Polis, which still required significant human labor and analysis at the time. He helped to award $1 million in grants to teams working on solving the problem of deliberation at scale.

Reception 
Andrew Leonard, The Financial Times, and VentureBeat describe Pol.is as a possible antidote to the divisiveness of traditional internet discourse by gamifying consensus. Audrey Tang agreed saying, "Polis is quite well known in that it's a kind of social media that instead of polarizing people to drive so called engagement or addiction or attention, it automatically drives bridge making narratives and statements. So only the ideas that speak to both sides or to multiple sides will gain prominence in Polis."

Carl Miller praised the technology as having "gamified finding consensus."

Darshana Narayanan, in an op-ed in the Economist, argues that open-source machine-learning-based tools like Polis can help to bypass the influence of special interests or experts.

Jamie Susskind cited polis and vTaiwan as a model for democracies, particularly around digital policy issues.

See also 

Deliberative democracy
Deliberative opinion poll
Habermas machine
Recommender system#Decision-making
Social media#Criticism, debate and controversy

External links 
 Media coverage of the organization compiled by Pol.is
 Can Taiwan Reboot Democracy? by Click (BBC) via YouTube

References 
Algorithms

Open source projects
Deliberative groups
Participatory democracy
E-democracy
UNESCO World Engineering Day for Sustainable Development. The World Engineering Day for Sustainable Development (acronym: WED) is one of the UNESCO international days and is celebrated every 4 March. It was proclaimed by UNESCO General Conference on 25 November 2019, based on a proposal by the World Federation of Engineering Organizations (WFEO).

It is celebrated by major engineering professional institutions, such as the Institution of Civil Engineers, the China Association for Science and Technology, Engineers Canada, Engineers Australia, Ingénieurs et scientifiques de France,  as well as NGOs such as DiscoverE, Engineers Without Borders, universities such as Imperial College London or Technische Hochschule Georg Agricola and corporations supporting the event.

The first edition of WED in 2019, as well as the following ones, were based on the concept of holding simultaneous online and on-site celebrations, hosted by UNESCO, WFEO, engineering institutions members of WFEO, as well as generating social media trends and message on the theme of event, engaging with UN agencies such as UNEP, corporate bodies, other associations, media and students.

In 2022, the concept extended to a 24-hour streaming hosted by WFEO, live streaming featured celebrations in various regions of the world.

Since 2022, the celebration includes global events such as an international hackathon competition for engineering students in relations to sustainable development matters.

References 

UNESCO
Engineering
United Nations days
S101. S101 may refer to:

Asus Eee PC S101, a netbook computer from Asus
Dome S101, a sports car prototype for endurance racing
Highway S101, proposed northern extension of New Jersey Route 101, never built
HMS Dreadnought (S101), the United Kingdom's first nuclear-powered submarine
New Jersey State Highway S101, a controlled-access toll road running north–south in eastern New Jersey
SAS Manthatisi (S101), a Heroine-class submarine in service with the South African Navy
Soviet submarine S-101, Stalinets-class submarine of the Soviet Navy
Jean-Luc Bertrand-Krajewski. Jean-Luc Bertrand-Krajewski is a professor at INSA Lyon and Head of the DEEP Laboratory.

Career 
Bertrand-Krajewski got his PhD in 1992. His research has focussed on Urban Drainage processes, modelling and monitoring. In his capacity as researcher, Bertrand-Krajewski is also a member of the Société hydrotechnique de France (SHF) and was president of GRAIE, the organisation behind the Novatech conferences. On an international level, Bertrand-Krajewksi has been an elected member, chair and associate member of the Joint Committee Urban Drainage, a Fellow for the IWA, member of the Board of Directors of IWA Publishing and a member of the editorial board of the Urban Water Journal.

In 2021, Betrand-Krajewski published a book on Metrology of Urban Drainage System: Plug and Pray  together with researchers from the TU Delft and other partners from the Urban Drainage community. According to Semantic Scholar, Betrand-Krajewski has published over 130 scientific articles with a h-index of 31 and 4118 citations, which is comparable to the figures given on ResearchGate. On his personal website, Betrand-Krajewksi lists 89 internationally peer-reviewed publications, 28 peer-reviewed papers in national journals (French), 16 additional publications in French and 248 contributions to national and international conferences

References 

French academics
University of Strasbourg alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Heba Al-Farra. Heba Mohammed Al-Farra is a Libyan-born-Palestinian environmentalist who is based in Kuwait and is the founder of Women in Energy and Environment Organization. In 2018, she was the East Asia winner of the Young Champions of the Earth award.

Early life 
Al-Farra was born in Libya to a Palestinian mother who is a medical doctor. She grew up in the Gaza Strip, lacking sufficient running water or electricity.

Education 
Al-Farra obtained her bachelor's degree in environmental engineering from the University of Gaza in 2012. She has a certificate in organisational management from Florida State University, and became a certified LEED Green Associate in 2017.

Career 
In 2018, Al-Farra worked at Enertech Management Consulting Company, as a Environmental Training and Development Specialist. Prior to that she was an Environmental Consultant at Enertech Holding Company and also at the Kuwait Scientific Center. She is the founder of the Women in Energy and Environment Organization.

Award 
In 2018 she was a Young Champions of the Earth winner for East Asia for her efforts to encourage women to work in the sustainable energy sector.

Family life 
Al-Farra moved to Kuwait in 2012, where she lives with her husband and two sons.

References

External links 
 2017 Kuwait Times OpEd Climate change is a grand dilemma

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Palestinian engineers
Women founders
Islamic University of Gaza alumni
Kuwaiti engineers
People from Gaza City
Florida State University alumni
21st-century Palestinian women
21st-century Palestinian people
21st-century women engineers
People from the Gaza Strip
Stefania Gnesi. Stefania Gnesi (born 1954) is an Italian software engineer whose work focuses on formal methods, and the use of natural language and natural language processing in requirements analysis. She is a director of research at the Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione of the Italian National Research Council (CNR), where she heads the Formal Methods and Tools group.

Education and career
Gnesi was born in 1954 in Livorno, and graduated summa cum laude in 1978 from the University of Pisa, with a degree in computer science.

She began her work at the CNR working with Norma Lijtmaer at the Istituto di Elaborazione dell’Informazione, a predecessor institution to the Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologie dell'Informazione. As well as working as a researcher for the CNR, Gnesi has taught software engineering at the University of Siena and the University of Florence.

Recognition
A festschrift was published in 2019, in honor of Gnesi's 65th birthday.

References

External links

1954 births
Living people
People from Livorno
Italian computer scientists
Italian women computer scientists
University of Pisa alumni
National Research Council (Italy) people
Gallium acetate. Gallium acetate is a salt composed of a gallium atom trication and three acetate groups as anions where gallium exhibits the +3 oxidation state. It has a chemical formula of Ga(CH3COO)3 although it can be informally referred to as GaAc because Ac is an informal symbol for acetate. Gallium is moderately water-soluble and decomposes to gallium oxide when heated to around 70 °C. Gallium acetate, like other acetate compounds, is a good precursor to ultra-pure compounds, catalysts and nanoscale materials. Gallium acetate is being considered as a substitute in de-icing compounds like calcium chloride and magnesium chloride.

Preparation
Gallium acetate can be formed using a neutralization reaction (acetic acid reacts with gallium oxide or gallium hydroxide):

6CH3COOH + Ga2O3 → 2Ga(CH3COO)3 + 3H2O

3CH3COOH + Ga(OH)3 → Ga(CH3COO)3 + 3H2O

Gallium can also be refluxed in acetic acid for several weeks to produce gallium acetate.

Applications

It can also be used in conjunction with acetylacetonate bis(thiosemicarbazone) to create radiogallium-acetylacetonate bis(thiosemicarbazone) complex. It can be used in tumor imaging.

See also
 Gallium
 Acetic acid

References 

Gallium compounds
Acetates
Rainer Semet. Rainer Semet (born 4 September 1957) is a German engineer and politician of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) who has been serving as a member of the Bundestag since 2021.

Early life and career
Semet was born 1957 in the West German city of Stuttgart. He graduated in engineering management from the Rosenheim University of Applied Sciences and the Berlin University of Applied Sciences and Technology.

Political career
Semet became member of the Bundestag in 2021, representing the Pforzheim district. In parliament, he has since been serving on the Committee on Housing, Urban Development, Building and Local Government, the Committee on Foreign Affairs and its Subcommittee on the United Nations, International Organizations and Civil Crisis Prevention.

In addition to his committee assignments, Semet was part of the German-Iranian Parliamentary Friendship Group from 2021 until its dissolution in 2023.

References

Living people
Politicians from Stuttgart
1957 births
Members of the Bundestag 2021–2025
HADES (satellite). HADES, Spain-OSCAR 115 or SO-115, is a Spanish amateur radio satellite.

Specifications 

HADES was designed and built jointly by AMSAT-EA and students from the European University of Madrid, Spain. The satellite is a PocketQube form factor 1.5P nano-satellite (5 × 5 × 7.5 cm) and carries an FM repeater using the callsign AM6SAT. Another payload comes from the University of Brno and consists of a miniature camera module that transmits the captured images as an audio signal in SSTV mode. The SSTV formats it uses are compatible with Robot36, Robot72, MP73 and MP115. This design is based on that of PSAT-2.

Mission 
The satellite was launched on January 13, 2022 from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, Florida, United States. On January 16, signals from the satellite could be received and assigned. On January 23, 2022, the designation Spain-OSCAR-115 or SO-115 was awarded by the OSCAR number coordinator of AMSAT-NA.

See also 

 OSCAR

References

External links 
 Gunter's Space Page

Satellites orbiting Earth
Amateur radio satellites
Spacecraft launched in 2022
EASA CS-25. EASA CS-25 is the European Union Aviation Safety Agency Certification Specification for Large Aeroplanes.

This certification procedure applies to large, turbine-powered aircraft, with max take-off weight more than 5,700kg  (CS 25.1).

It describes the minimum requirements that must be met for the certification of an aircraft in this class. If the manufacturer of the aircraft has sufficiently demonstrated all points, the certification authority issues a type certificate.

Certification Specifications are "soft law", which is not legally binding. Manufacturers may apply for exemptions from CS-25 where necessary.

See also
 List of large aircraft
 List of current production certified light aircraft
 EASA CS-LSA, the European certification for Light Sport Aeroplanes (maximum 600 for land / 650 kg for seaplanes)
 EASA CS-VLA, the European certification for Very Light Aircraft (maximum 750 kg)
 EASA CS-23, Normal, Utility, Aerobatic and Commuter Aeroplanes
 EASA CS-27, Small Rotorcraft
 EASA CS-29, Large Rotorcraft
 Federal Aviation Regulations § Part 25
 Transport category

References

External links
 CS-25 Large Aeroplanes | EASA
 CS-25 Amendment 28 (Dec. 2023, latest) in PDF format
 CS-25 Initial Issue (Oct. 2003) in PDF format

Aviation licenses and certifications
Northern Minnesota Wetlands (ecoregion). The Northern Minnesota Wetlands ecoregion is a Level III ecoregion designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in northern Minnesota in the United States. Designated as ecoregion number 49, the ecoregion is sparsely populated and generally features conifer bog, mixed forest, and boreal forest vegetation. Much of the Northern Minnesota Wetlands is covered by standing water although some low-gradient streams and rivers occur in the eastern part; lakes in the region tend to have lower phosphorus and algae concentrations than some other parts of the state due to an abundance of forests and less agriculture.

Level IV ecoregions 
Following is a list of smaller Level IV ecoregions within the Northern Minnesota Wetlands ecoregion, as defined by the EPA.

See also 
 List of ecoregions in the United States (EPA)
 List of ecoregions in Minnesota
 Geography of Minnesota
 Climate of Minnesota

References 

Ecoregions of Minnesota
Farrier F-24. The Farrier F-24, also called the Corsair F-24, is an American trailerable trimaran that was designed by Ian Farrier as a racer-cruiser and first built in 1991.

The Farrier F-24 design was developed into the Corsair 24 Mark II, also called the F-24 Mark II, in 1994, and the F-24 Sport Cruiser in 1994.

Production
The design was built by Corsair Marine in the United States, from 1991 to 1994, but it is now out of production.

Design
The Farrier F-24 is a recreational sailboat, built predominantly of fiberglass. It has a fractional sloop rig with a rotating mast. The hull and outriggers have nearly plumb stems and reverse transoms. The hull has a transom-hung rudder controlled by a tiller and a retractable daggerboard. It displaces  and carries no ballast.

The beam is  with the outriggers deployed and  them folded.

The boat has a draft of  with the daggerboard extended and  with it retracted, allowing operation in shallow water, beaching or ground transportation on a trailer.

The design has a hull speed of .

See also
List of sailing boat types

Related development
Farrier F-22

References

Trimarans
1990s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Trailer sailers
Sailboat type designs by Ian Farrier
Sailboat types built by Corsair Marine
Shair Hasanov. Shair Najmaddin oghlu Hasanov (, July 10, 1936 — March 15, 2017) was an Azerbaijan civil engineer and socio-political figure, Chairman of the Committee for Construction and Architecture of Azerbaijan Republic (2001–2006), Chairman of the Committee on Housing and Communal Services under the Cabinet of Azerbaijan (1999–2001), Minister of Construction Materials Industry of the Azerbaijan SSR (1990–1991), Deputy Chairman of the State Agrarian Industry Committee of the Azerbaijan SSR (1986–1989), Minister of Rural Construction of the Azerbaijan SSR (1983–1985).

Biography 
Shair Hasanov was born on July 10, 1936, in the city of Qusar. In 1958 he graduated from the Azerbaijan Polytechnic Institute with a degree in road transport engineering. From that year he worked in the system of the Ministry of Construction of the Azerbaijan SSR, engineer of research laboratory, senior engineer, head of department, chief engineer of construction organization and technology trust, deputy chief of technical department, chief engineer of "Reinforced concrete" trust of the Ministry of Industrial Construction, the head of the production department of the ministry.

Shair Hasanov was the First Deputy Minister of Rural Development of the Azerbaijan SSR in 1977–1980, Chief of the Main Department of Kolkhoz-Sovkhoz Construction ("Bashkolkhozsovkhoztikinti") in 1980–1983, Minister of Rural Construction in 1983–1985, until 1989 Deputy Chairman of the State Agrarian-Industrial (Agro-Industrial) Committee, from January to December 1990, Deputy Chairman of the "Azeravtoyol" Production Association. He was the Minister of Construction Materials Industry of the Azerbaijan SSR in 1990–1991, and the President of the "Azertikintimaterialsanaye" State Concern since May 1991.

Shair Hasanov served as chairman of the Committee on Housing and Communal Services under the Cabinet of Azerbaijan in 1999–2001, and in April 2001 was appointed chairman of the Committee for Construction and Architecture of Azerbaijan Republic. After the dissolution of the committee on 28 February 2006, Shair Hasanov retired. In 2006, he was elected chairman of the Board of the Lezgi National Center "Samur" and continued his public activities.

Shair Hasanov has been a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union since 1961, and of the New Azerbaijan Party since 1993, and was elected a deputy of the 10th-11th convocation of the Supreme Soviet of the Azerbaijan SSR. He was awarded the honorary title of "Honored Engineer of the Azerbaijan SSR" (1982), was awarded the "Order of the Badge of Honour" (1982), "Order of the Red Banner of Labour" (1986) and a jubilee medal. Since 2014, he has been a personal pensioner of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan.

Shair Hasanov died in 2017 and was buried on March 15 in Baku.

References

External links 

 
 
 
 
 

1936 births
2017 deaths
Azerbaijan Communist Party (1920) politicians
Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
New Azerbaijan Party politicians
Construction ministers of Azerbaijan
People from Qusar
Azerbaijan Technical University alumni
Azerbaijani civil engineers
M. N. Dastur. Minu Nariman Dastur (18 March 1916 – 5 January 2004) was an Indian mechanical and electrical engineer. His work included working with the government of India on the country's steel development plans. Dastur graduated from Banaras Hindu University with a degree in electrical & mechanical engineering in 1938 and initially worked for Tata Steel. He later moved to the United States and obtained a doctorate in metallurgy from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1948.

He founded M. N. Dastur & Company (P) Ltd in 1955 with head quarter in Kolkata India

See also
 Iron and steel industry in India
 Visvesvaraya Iron and Steel Limited

References

2004 deaths
1916 births
Banaras Hindu University alumni
Indian mechanical engineers
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
20th-century Indian engineers
Ukrspecsystems PD-2. Ukrspecsystems PD-2 is a Ukrainian multi-purpose unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). It is designed for aerial reconnaissance and for combat use as a carrier of bombs with warheads weighing up to . The aircraft can  take off from a runway, or be equipped with removable modules for vertical take-off and landing.

History 
Starting from the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014, the Armed Forces of Ukraine saw the need for unmanned aerial vehicles, primarily for reconnaissance. Volunteers purchased civilian drones, which they used as-is or modified for military use.

The  volunteer organisation was established to help the Ukrainian military in eastern Ukraine. In attempting to import modern UAVs, the organisation faced reluctance from some foreign companies to sell their devices. As an alternative, the unmanned aerial vehicle PD-1 was developed in cooperation with Ukrspecsystems. "PD" stands for "People's Drone".

In 2020, Ukrspecsystems developed the PD-2 drone, which is a deep modernisation of the PD-1 with increased payload, communication range and other improvements. It can climb to  and fly for up to 10 hours. It has a modular design that allows additional motors to be fitted to convert it from runway take-off to vertical take-off and landing.

Components and features 
 Two reconnaissance UAVs;
 ground control station;
 mobile control post on the basis of a four-wheel drive minibus.

References 

2010s Ukrainian military aircraft
Military equipment of the Russian invasion of Ukraine
Reconnaissance aircraft
Twin-boom aircraft
Unmanned aerial vehicles of Ukraine
V-tail aircraft
Heat content (fuel). In the U.S. energy industry, heat content is the amount of heat energy that will be released by combustion of a unit quantity of a fuel or by transformation of another energy form. For example, fossil fuels are rated by heat content, with a distinction made between gross heat content (which includes heat energy used to vaporize moisture in the fuel) and net heat content (which excludes heat energy used to vaporize moisture in the fuel.) The term is also sometimes applied to other energy forms, such as heat content of a kilowatt-hour of electricity or a pound of steam.

References

Energy
YF-102 (rocket engine). The YF-102 is a Chinese liquid rocket engine burning LOX and kerosene in a gas generator cycle. It is manufactured by the AALPT based on the experience of previous kerolox engines, and using 3D printing technology and is capable of multiple restarts. It is used in Tianlong-2 launch vehicle developed by Space Pioneer.

History
The engine was revealed in 2021 without a target launch vehicle. In its presentation video, it was shown in a five engine configuration on a 3.35m diameter first stage and as a single engine on the second stage. As of October 2021, it was in an advanced state of development, with six fully assembled prototypes some of which had achieved over 200 seconds of test firing. It was stated that it could be ready by 2022. A reusable version, YF-102R  could be ready by 2026 according to the manufacturer.

In 2023, Space Pioneer, a Chinese private aerospace startup used YF-102 engines to power its Tianlong-2 Rocket. Tianlong-2 is a medium-sized, 3-stage rocket powered by RP-1 and liquid oxygen, with a payload capability of 2 tonnes to LEO and 1.5 tonnes to SSO. Each of the stages of the Tianlong-2 rocket is equipped with a YF-102 gas generator engine, which develops 85 tons of thrust. The three first-stage YF-102 were arranged in a triangular arrangement.

See also
YF-100 – First stage Chinese rocket engine which is a previous kerolox engine from the manufacturer.
YF-115 – Upper stage Chinese rocket engine which is a previous kerolox engine from the manufacturer.

References

Rocket engines of China
Rocket engines using kerosene propellant
Rocket engines using the expander cycle