omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Multi-Mission Effects Vehicle. The Multi-Mission Effects Vehicle (MMEV) was a dual-purpose short range surface-to-air and anti-tank platform intended for use by the Canadian Forces. It was based on Air Defense Anti-Tank System (ADATS) technology, and integrated onto an 8×8 wheeled LAV III. The MMEV project was canceled in November 2006.

Development
In late September 2005, the DND announced a $750M project for 30 MMEVs. Prime contractor for the first, $100M phase of the project was to be Oerlikon Contraves Canada. The Canadian Forces worked with Defence Research and Development Canada and Canadian industry through the Technology Demonstration Program to develop fire control systems and ergonomics that would directly contribute to the development of the MMEV. Oerlikon Contraves Canada was selected for the MMEV project since it owns the intellectual property rights to the ADATS technology, the cornerstone of the new MMEV system.

The MMEV was designed to engage fixed wing aircraft and helicopters at low to medium altitudes (20+ km), and land-based targets at up to 8 km. The MMEV was designed with a full ISTAR platform, enabling it to communicate with NATO and Tri-Services of the Canadian Forces.

Equipment
The MMEV was to integrate the latest technology, such the Oerlikon Contraves search-and-acquisition X-Tar 3D radar providing a very high detection probability, covering a range of 25 kilometres. A resistance to electronic and electro-optical systems built by Oerlikon / Rheinmetall.

References

External links
 Rheinmetall Defence - Multi-Mission Effects Vehicle 
 Rheinmetall Defence - Canada has announced its intent to acquire MMEV
 CASR Background   —  CF  Multi-Mission Effects Vehicle (MMEV) Project
 Multi-Mission Effects Vehicle (MMEV)
 Army to keep aging tanks 

Self-propelled anti-aircraft weapons
Weapons of Canada
Armoured fighting vehicles of Canada
Abandoned military projects of Canada
Eight-wheeled vehicles
Mowag Piranha
Levasseur PL.4. The Levasseur PL.4, aka Levasseur Marin, was a carrier-based reconnaissance aircraft produced in France in the 1920s.

Design and development
The PL.4 was a conventional, single-bay biplane that carried a crew of three in tandem, open cockpits. Purchased by the Aéronavale to operate from the aircraft carrier Béarn, it incorporated several safety features in case of ditching at sea. Apart from small floats attached directly to the undersides of the lower wing, the main units of the fixed, tailskid undercarriage could be jettisoned in flight, and the underside of the fuselage was given a boat-like shape and made watertight. Additionally, the crew can survive a crash by ejecting the landing gear.

Variants
PL.4 A3 R3b to meet the 1924 A.3/R.3b (three seat observation and gunnery spotter aircraft) specification from the Service technique de l'aéronautique (STAé); 1 built.
PL.4 3-seat shipboard reconnaissance aircraft for the Aéronautique Navale; 40 built.

Operators
 
 Aéronavale
 Escadrille 7R1

Specifications (PL.4)

See also

References

Further reading

 
 

Levasseur aircraft
1920s French military reconnaissance aircraft
Carrier-based aircraft
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1926
Curtiss HA. The Curtiss HA (sometimes Dunkirk Fighter) was an American biplane seaplane designed by Captain B.L. Smith of the United States Marine Corps, and built by Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company. Despite the nickname, it's unrelated to the 1940 Battle of Dunkirk.

Development and design
The HA was a two-seat biplane with a central float and balancing floats on the wingtips. The fuselage was wood with a fabric covering. The plane was powered by a Liberty 12 engine in the nose. The prototype was ordered in December 1917, and its first flight was on 21 March 1918. During testing the aircraft proved very unstable, with an overly heavy tailplane. The aircraft was destroyed in a crash.

Two more prototypes were ordered, designated HA-1 and HA-2. the HA-1 was constructed of salvaged parts from the original, but its tailplane and radiator were redesigned, and its wings were moved further aft. The HA-1 caught fire during a flight. The HA-2 had a wider wingspan, and performed better, but as the war was almost over, no production order was received.

Operational history
Three landplane versions were used as Mail planes.

Specifications (HA-2)

References

Notes

Bibliography
 

1910s United States fighter aircraft
HA
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1918
Floatplanes
Rover Scarab. The Rover Scarab was a convertible four seater intended to sell at £85, and had a V twin engine of only 839 cc, which was rear mounted. Despite the engine position, the Scarab had a conventional (dummy) radiator grille at the front. Some other 1930s rear engined cars had a down-curved grille-less front. These included the Porsche Type 12 prototype, the Mercedes-Benz 120 test car, and the subsequent 130 / 150 / 170 H, the Tatra V570 prototype, T77, 77A, T87 and T97 and of course the KdF-Wagen (later better known as the Volkswagen Beetle; see Volkswagen controversy). Only a few Scarabs were built, examples being shown at the London (Olympia) Motor Show and the Scottish Motor Show, both in 1931.

References
 Robert Lewis (11 July 2003) Five Million Rovers (And More) archived 2012-07-22, from carkeys.co.uk
 http://www.motorbase.com/vehicle/by-id/-1561926686/index.ehtml

Scarab
1930s cars
Rear-engined vehicles
Levasseur PL.5. 

The Levasseur PL.5 was a carrier-based fighter produced in France in the late 1920s, in response to the 1924 AMBC.2 (two seat carrier based fighter) specification issued by the Service Technique de l'Aéronautique (STAé). It was a conventional, single-bay sesquiplane that carried a crew of two in tandem, open cockpits. Like other Levasseur naval designs of the day,  it incorporated several safety features in case of ditching at sea. Apart from small floats attached directly to the undersides of the lower wing, the main units of the fixed, tail-skid undercarriage could be jettisoned in flight, and the underside of the fuselage was given a boat-like shape and made watertight.

Four prototypes were evaluated by the Aéronavale in 1924, and following successful trials, an order for 20 machines was placed to equip the aircraft carrier Béarn, enterring service in 1927.

Six examples of a trainer version with a lower-powered engine were purchased as the PL.9.

Variants
Levasseur V AM B-C.2 3x prototypes with  Hispano-Suiza 12Ha engine
Levasseur V C.2B1x prototype with Renault 12Kd engine.
PL.5production version with  Lorraine-Dietrich 12Eb engine; 20 built.
PL.9trainer version with a  Hispano-Suiza 8Se V-8 engine; 6 built.

Operators
 
 Aéronavale
 Escadrille 7C1

Specifications (V AM C.2B)

See also

References

1920s French fighter aircraft
Carrier-based aircraft
Levasseur aircraft
Sesquiplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1924
Levasseur PL.6. 

The Levasseur PL.6 C.2, also known as Levasseur VI C.2, was a two-seat fighter aircraft built in France in 1926 in order to meet a 1925 C.2 Service Technique de l'Aéronautique (STAé) specification, (C.2 - Chasseur 2 seat). Constructed along the same lines as Levasseur's naval aircraft of the same era, it was a conventional, single-bay biplane with seating for the pilot and tail gunner in separate, open cockpits. Flight testing of the prototype commenced in 1926, and it was exhibited at the Salon de l'Aéronautique at the end of the year.

The PL.6 was evaluated against the Aviméta 88, Les Mureaux 3, Les Mureaux 4, Blériot-SPAD S.60, Villiers XXIV and Wibault 12 Sirocco. However, before any one of these was selected for production, the requirement was cancelled. No further PL.6s were built.

Specifications

References

1920s French fighter aircraft
Levasseur aircraft
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1924
Edouard Bugnion. Edouard "Ed" Bugnion is a Swiss computer science professor at EPFL and a co-founder of VMware. Since 2025, he is Vice President for Innovation and Impact at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne.

Biography 
Bugnion was raised in Neuchâtel, Switzerland.

Bugnion was one of the five founders of VMware in 1998 (with his advisor Mendel Rosenblum) and was the chief architect until 2004.  While he was chief architect, VMware developed the secure desktop initiative also known as NetTop for the US National Security Agency. 

After VMware, Bugnion was a founder of Nuova Systems which was funded by Cisco Systems, and acquired by them in April 2008. Bugnion joined Cisco as vice president and chief technology officer of Cisco's Server Access and Virtualization Business Unit. He promoted Cisco's Data Center 3.0 vision, and appeared in advertisements. In 2014, he became adjunct professor at the School of Computer Science at EPFL, Switzerland, where he is now a Full Professor. He was Vice President for Information Systems until he was appointed Vice President for Innovation and Impact starting 2025.

Bugnion is also an angel investor in startup companies such as Cumulus Networks.

He was elected as an ACM Fellow in 2017.

References

Living people
1970 births
People from Neuchâtel
Chief technology officers
2017 fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
ETH Zurich alumni
Curtiss PN-1. The Curtiss PN-1 was an American single-seat night fighter biplane built by Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company using blueprints from the Engineering Division of the United States Army Air Service.

Development
Designed by the USAAC, the PN-1 was a welded steel tube fuselage covered by fabric. The wings were wood covered by fabric. One of the two prototypes ordered was built, and underwent static testing at McCook Field. It may have undergone flight testing, but no orders were received.

Specifications

References

Notes

Bibliography

PN-01
1920s United States fighter aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1921
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Space Applications Centre. Space Applications Centre (SAC) is an institution of research in Ahmedabad under the aegis of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It is one of the major centres of ISRO that is engaged in the research, development and demonstration of applications of space technology in the field of telecommunications, remote sensing, meteorology and satellite navigation (Sat Nav). This includes research and development of on-board systems, ground systems and end user equipment hardware and software. SAC has three campuses, two of which are located at Ahmedabad and one at Delhi. The current director of the centre is Nilesh M Desai.

Achievements 

Some of the achievements of the Space Applications Centre include development of communication and meteorological payloads for INSAT satellites, optical and microwave payloads for IRS satellites. SAC provides its infrastructure to conduct training courses to the students of the Center for Space Science and Technology Education in Asia and The Pacific (CSSTEAP). It was founded by Dr. Vikram Sarabhai.

On 19 March 2021, SAC in a major breakthrough demonstrated free space quantum communication technology at a distance of 300 meters between two buildings through live video conferencing as part of Quantum Experiments using Satellite Technology (QuEST) project. The primary objective is to successfully perform satellite based quantum communication between two ISRO ground station. Hardware developed for performing the experiment includes NavIC receiver for time synchronization between transmitter and receiver, gimbal mechanism systems as an alternative to large aperture telescope for optical alignment.

Collaborations between SAC Ahmedabad and National Institute of Design, Gujarat began in the early 1970s.

Commercialization 
A memorandum of understanding was signed on 30 September 2024, between Bharat Electronics and the Space Applications Centre, pertaining to collaboration, indigenization, and infrastructure development for the production of space-grade Travelling Wave Tube Amplifiers.

References

External links 
 Space Applications Centre website
 ISRO SAC page
 CSSTEAP website

1972 establishments in Gujarat
Research institutes in Ahmedabad
Research institutes established in 1972
Space programme of India
Space technology research institutes
Research institutes in Gujarat
Sapper (disambiguation). A sapper is an individual combat engineer soldier usually in British, Commonwealth, or U.S. military service.

Sapper may also refer to:

People
 Sapper (author), the pen name of Herman Cyril McNeile (1888–1937), British author
 Alan Sapper (1931–2006), British trade unionist, brother of Laurie Sapper
 Karl Sapper (1866–1945), German explorer and linguist who worked in Central America
 Laurie Sapper (1922–1989), British trade unionist, brother of Alan Sapper
 Richard Sapper (1932–2015), German industrial designer

Other
 Sapper army, a Soviet military construction engineer formation during World War II
 Sapper Hill, a mountain of East Falkland
 The Sapper VCs, a 1998 book by Colonel GWA Napier
 Sapper, a member of the Barksdale Organization on the TV series The Wire
 Sapper (application framework), an application framework powered by Svelte

See also
 
 Sapperton, New Westminster, a neighbourhood of British Columbia
 Sap (weapon), a weighted device used to subdue an individual through concussive trauma
Repeller. Repeller may refer to:

 The opposite of an attractor, in dynamical systems' theory (more frequently than "repellor")
 An electrode at a voltage to repel charge carriers (in vacuum or in a plasma)
 Animal repeller
 A device or plant that repels vermin, in horticulture or gardening
 Reppeller, in religion, fantasy, science fiction, etc., a god, a magic item, or technical device with the power to protect against offenders
 Turbine rotor in a free flow, e.g. a wind turbine (the term is rarely used in English)
 A fictional villain in the Batman Beyond animated television series season 3 episode "Untouchable"

See also
 
 
 Rapeller
Gallium (disambiguation). Gallium is a chemical element with symbol Ga and atomic number 31.

Gallium may also refer to:

 Gallium experiment, a neutrino detection experiment also known as GALLEX
 Gallium scan or gallium imaging, a method for the detection of infections and cancers
 Gallium3D, a software library for 3D graphics acceleration
 GalliumOS, a Linux distribution optimized for Chromebooks

See also

 Galium, a genus of plants
 Ga (disambiguation)
 Isotopes of gallium
Curtiss XF13C. The Curtiss XF13C (Model 70) was a carrier-based fighter aircraft built by Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company.

Development and design
The XF13C was a naval fighter featuring an all-metal construction, with a semi-monocoque fuselage, manually retractable landing gear and an enclosed cockpit. The aircraft was designed to facilitate conversions from biplane to monoplane and vice versa. The United States Navy bought a prototype, designated XF13C-1 when in monoplane configuration, and XF13C-2 when a biplane.

The XF13C first flew in 1934 with good results realized in tests. In 1935, the aircraft received a more powerful engine and modifications to the overly tall tailplanes. The designation was changed to XF13C-3 for more flight testing.

Operational history
No production orders were received for the Curtis XF13C, but the aircraft continued to fly for NACA in experimental work, and by VWJ-1 Squadron at Quantico.

Specifications (XF13C-3)

See also

References

Citations

Bibliography

 Angelucci, Enzo. The American Fighter from 1917 to the present. New York: Orion Books, 1987. .

External links

F13C
Curtiss F13C
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1934
High-wing aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft with retractable conventional landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Douglas XFD. The Douglas XFD was a carrier-based biplane fighter aircraft designed for the United States Navy, and the first fighter to be built by the Douglas Aircraft Company. A victim of changing requirements, no production was undertaken.

Design and development
The XFD was designed to the U.S. Navy's Bureau of Aeronautics (BuAer) Specification No. 311, requesting a carrier-based two-seater biplane fighter. On June 30, 1932, the Navy ordered the XFD, Vought XF3U, and Curtiss XF12C for testing.

The first naval fighter designed by Douglas Aircraft, the XFD was constructed of metal, with a fabric outer covering. The crew sat in tandem in a single bay, enclosed by a long canopy. The aircraft had fixed conventional landing gear, and was designed to be armed with two  machine guns, one fixed in the cowling and the other on a flexible mount for the observer. A  bomb load could be carried. Powered was supplied by a Pratt & Whitney R-1535 Twin Wasp Junior radial engine.

Operational history
The XFD-1 prototype first flew in January 1933; it was delivered to the U.S. Navy for trials at Naval Air Station Anacostia in June 1933, within four days of the delivery of the Vought XF3U-1; evaluations of the types were undertaken between June 18, 1933 and August 14, 1934. While the XFD-1's performance was considered to be acceptable, the U.S. Navy's operational requirements were already changing to see the two-seat fighter concept falling out of favor, the scout bomber being considered more useful for the Navy's needs, and accordingly after the end of the XFD-1's flight trials no further orders were placed for the type.

Specifications

See also

References

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

Cancelled military aircraft projects of the United States
F01D
1930s United States fighter aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
Carrier-based aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1933
J. F. Duthie & Company. J. F. Duthie & Company was a small shipyard located on the east side of Harbor Island in Seattle, Washington. It was reportedly organized in 1911 (although there is no mention of it on the 1912 Baist map at the location where the shipyard would be built) and expanded to 4 slipways on  of property in World War I to build cargo ships for the United Kingdom, France and Norway, but those resources were eventually all diverted at the behest of the United States Shipping Board (USSB). Work on the new plant started on 10 September 1916 and the first keel was laid on 29 November the same year. At that time, the new Skinner & Eddy plant across the water was already launching its first two ships: Niels Nielsen (21 September) and Hanna Nielsen (23 October).

Some 24 of the 33 ships built at J. F. Duthie were the "West boats," a series of steel-hulled cargo ships built for the USSB on the West Coast of the United States as part of the World War I war effort, with 12 requisitioned and 12 built under contract, 16% of the steel tonnage built in Puget Sound for the USSB. Duthie was supplied with boilers by Willamette Iron and Steel Works of Portland, Oregon.

After the war, Wallace F. Duthie, the son of the founder J. F. Duthie, organized the dismantling of the shipbuilding facilities. Wallace died in 1922 at age 23.

In 1928 the company's name was changed to Wallace Bridge Company. It built structural steel for local projects, including the Washington Athletic Club building in 1930.

Notable ships built at J. F. Duthie & Company 

Among the first 7 boats built, before the Federal Government dominated the shipbuilding industry, was the steam ferry Leschi, which after an illustrious career capsized during Reagan's second term.

In November 1918, World War I came to an end. In February of 1919, Seattle workers went on strike.

 12 of 111 Design 1013 ships (USSB contracts 224, 334; 3 cancellations)

 For the Coastwise SS Co
 Griffco (Sep 20)
  (Oct 20, last ship built)

Conversions of Japan-built USSB contract ships to oil burners during 1920: , , ,  for total of $338,094 on USSB account

Shipyard

See also 
 :Category:Ships built by J. F. Duthie & Company
 Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation#Shipbuilding in Puget Sound

References 

 

Defunct companies based in Seattle
Manufacturing companies established in 1911
Defunct shipbuilding companies of the United States
Manufacturing companies based in Seattle
Shipbuilding in Washington (state)
Maritime history of Washington (state)
254–260 Canal Street. 254–260 Canal Street, also known as the Bruce Building, is a building on the corner of Lafayette Street in the Chinatown neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, United States. It was constructed in 1856–57 and designed in the Italian Renaissance revival style. The cast-iron elements of the facade may have been provided by James Bogardus, a pioneer in the use of cast iron in architecture. The building was constructed for George Bruce, a prosperous printer and inventor of new technologies in the printing industry, which was then one of New York's leading industries. It was converted to offices in 1987 by architect Jack L. Gordon.

The use of cast-iron columns in the large, five-story tall building allowed for the installation of large windows that improved manufacturing conditions and efficiency. The lot had become available because a lumber mill standing on the site had recently been destroyed by fire, making fire-retardant cast-iron construction attractive. The mildly Italianate style of the building, makes it a particularly handsome example of nineteenth century industrial architecture. It has been called "Beautiful!" and "an important early example of cast-iron architecture in New York City". If the cast iron did in fact come from Bogardus' iron works, the building would be "the largest and most important of his extant works."

The building was designated a New York City landmark in 1985, and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.

See also 
 National Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan below 14th Street
 List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan below 14th Street

References
Notes

External links 

 photo of 254 Canal Street  (A Journey through Chinatown).

1857 establishments in New York (state)
Buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Manhattan
Cast-iron architecture in New York City
Chinatown, Manhattan
Commercial buildings completed in 1857
James Bogardus buildings
New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan
Renaissance Revival architecture in New York City
Redbreast-class gunboat. The Redbreast class comprised nine first-class screw-driven composite gunboats built for the Royal Navy in 1889, mounting six guns.

Construction

Design
The Redbreast class were designed by Sir William Henry White, the Royal Navy Director of Naval Construction in 1888.  The hull was of composite construction, that is, iron keel, frames, stem and stern posts with wooden planking.  These were the last class of composite-hulled gunboats built for the Royal Navy - the next class of gunboat, the Bramble-class gunboat of 1898, was of steel construction.

Propulsion
The class was fitted with a triple-expansion reciprocating steam engine developing 1,200 indicated horsepower, sufficient to propel them at  through a single screw.

Sail plan
The class was given a barquentine rig.

Armament
The first four ships were armed with six 4-inch/25-pounder (25cwt) quick firing guns and four machine guns.  The last five had an additional pair of 3-pounder quick firing guns in place of two of the machine guns.

Ships

References

External links

 
 Redbreast
Gunboat classes