omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Kondor D 2. The Kondor D 2 was a German single seat, biplane fighter aircraft designed and built close to the end of World War I.

Design and development
The Kondor D 2 was a basically a redesign of the D 1, which had proven underpowered in flight tests. Like the D 1, the D 2 was a single-seat biplane of wooden construction, powered by a  Oberursel Ur.II rotary engine and armed with two  LMG 08/15 Spandau machine guns. However, the D 2 differed from its predecessor in having equal span wings with a two-spar lower wing with parallel inter-plane struts. The first flight of the Kondor D 2 took place in May 1918, in time for the second D-type competition at Aldershof in June 1918. Oberleutnant Hermann Göring praised the aircraft's flying qualities, but criticised the poor performance, consequently the D 2 was not ordered into production.

Confusion reigned after the competition, up to the present day, because the Idflieg referred to the two D 2 prototypes as the D.I and D.II during the competition, which were actually fictitious designations.

The first D 2 prototype had ailerons on the upper wings, while the second D 2 prototype had ailerons on both upper and lower wings.

Specifications (D 2)

References

Bibliography

 

Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
1910s German fighter aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1918
Rotary-engined aircraft
Richard Jurek. Richard Jurek is an American author, numismatist, and business executive. He is the author of the book The Ultimate Engineer: The Remarkable Life of NASA’s Visionary Leader George M. Low and co-authored the book Marketing the Moon: The Selling of the Apollo Lunar Program.

Space artifact collector
Jurek became a aerospace enthusiast and collector of space memorabilia in the 1970s. He first collected autographed space items among other collectables, eventually focusing mainly on astronaut flown personal mementos and artifacts. His collection includes a large selection of space flown numismatic items, including an assemblage of $2 bills signed by astronauts that were carried while in orbit or during lunar landings during the golden age of space exploration. His unique collection of $2 bills carried by astronauts appear in the online Jefferson Space Museum. He has also exhibited pieces from his collection at the Kansas Cosmosphere and the Southern Illinois University Museum His collection has also been covered on PBS and WGN TV's "Backstory with Larry Potash" program.

Space historian
Jurek is the co-author of the 2014 book Marketing the Moon: The Selling of the Apollo Lunar Program, which he cowrote with David Meerman Scott. The book focuses on the use of marketing techniques and marketing agreements between NASA and private industry to promote the importance of the Apollo missions to the US public. He has provided public lectures on the subject as well.  The book contains around three hundred images of original ads and marketing materials, cut down from an initial collection of about three thousand. Jurek argues that what occurred during the marketing of the Apollo missions set the precedent of the modern interaction between the public and mass media. For his book he also appeared on the Science Channel’s television series NASA's Unexplained Files, as well as the documentary The Two Dollar Bill.  He is also a contributor to Air & Space Smithsonian.

He also served as a consulting producer on the 2019 critically acclaimed PBS/American Experience documentary, Chasing the Moon.

In 2019 Jurek released the book The Ultimate Engineer: The Remarkable Life of NASA’s Visionary Leader George M. Low. Publishers Weekly said of the book that, "The result of Jurek’s extensive research and careful use of detail is a comprehensive portrait of a figure vastly greater in significance than in name recognition." The Library Journal’s review declared the book “scholarly, yet accessible and engaging,” and “is as much a history of NASA as a biography of George Low, and as such is an important contribution to the history of the agency.”

Business career
Jurek is the Chief Marketing and Communication Officer of The Inland Group. Previously, he was a vice president and head of corporate communications at The Northern Trust Company in Chicago.

References

Living people
American numismatists
American marketing businesspeople
Year of birth missing (living people)
Pritam Deb. Pritam Deb is an Indian physicist, nanoscientist and a professor of physics at Tezpur University. He is known for his studies on nanoscience and technology as well as the physics of materials and has published a number of articles; ResearchGate, an online repository of scientific articles has listed 86 of them. Besides, he has also published a book, Kinetics of Heterogeneous Solid State Processes, on nonisothermal kinetics.

Deb was a part of the team that successfully campaigned for selecting Tezpur University as a nodal center for establishing the Technology Enabling Centre (TEC) of the Department of Science and Technology. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded him the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to biosciences, in 2017–18.

Selected bibliography

Books

Articles

See also 

 Reaction progress kinetic analysis
 Janus particles

Notes

References

External links 
 

N-BIOS Prize recipients
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Scientists from Assam
Indian nanotechnologists
Academic staff of Tezpur University
21st-century Indian physicists
Halberstadt C.VIII. The Halberstadt C.VIII was a prototype two-seat general-purpose biplane built by Halberstadt during World War I.

Design and development
The C.VIII was a single-bay biplane of wooden construction with shortened wings, an elongated fuselage and a Maybach Mb.IV engine. Test flights were successful and the C.VIII was recommended for mass production, but the end of World War I meant that the C.VIII remained at the prototype stage.

Specifications

See also

References

Further reading
 
 

Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
1910s German military reconnaissance aircraft
C.08
Aircraft first flown in 1918
Bréguet 610. The Bréguet 610 was a reconnaissance seaplane built in 1934 by the Bréguet company.

Design and development
In 1933, the French Navy launched a call for tenders for a reconnaissance seaplane that could be launched from Navy vessels equipped with a catapult. Apart from this constraint of being an embedded device, the program did not impose any particular configuration, which made it possible to open the market to several aeronautical manufacturers. 

The Bréguet Br 610 was a 3-seat floatplane with high shoulder mounted wings of all-metal construction, with a fuselage of welded steel tubes, covered with non-structural aluminium alloy panels and fabric. The floats were made of light alloy, and power was supplied by a  Gnome-Rhône 9Kdrs. The peculiarity of this floatplane was in its observation position, which consisted of a large glass pod located under the fuselage and between the two floats. An identical configuration was only found in its competitor, Lioré et Olivier LeO H-43 and also on the German observation aircraft prototype Arado Ar 198. The defensive armament consisted of a  Darne machine gun in a dorsal turret behind the trailing edge of the wing. 

The Bréguet 610 first flew at Nantes in 1935, piloted by Yves-Marie Lantz.  Coincidentally, Blériot-SPAD proposed a competing project, the Bleriot-SPAD 610. After a series of tests, the Bréguet 610 was rejected from the competition and the sole prototype appears to have been kept by the Navy's flight test center and then scrapped. The competition was won by the Loire 130 and the LeO H-43.

Specifications

References

Further reading

1930s French military reconnaissance aircraft
Floatplanes
 0610
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Parasol-wing aircraft
Goddard Earth Observing System. The Goddard Earth Observing System (GEOS) is an integrated Earth system model and data assimilation system developed at the Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.  The components of the model use the Earth System Modeling Framework (ESMF), enabling them to be connected in a flexible manner and supporting the investigation of many different aspects of Earth science, in particular questions related to coupled processes involving the atmosphere, ocean, and/or land.  Uses of GEOS span a range of spatiotemporal scales and include the representation of dynamical, physical, chemical and biological processes.

References 

Earth system sciences
Goddard Space Flight Center
Numerical climate and weather models
Weather prediction
Sue Bird (engineer). Susan Bird  is a British acoustic engineer and past president of Women's Engineering Society (WES) (1991–1993, 1996–1997).

Education and career
Bird studied Applied Physics at Coventry Polytechnic, then worked at the British Aircraft Corporation as an acoustics engineer for Concorde, and other aircraft, then joined the Scientific Branch in the Greater London Council as an acoustic consultant specialising mainly in building acoustics. On the demise of the GLC in 1986 she formed her own company, Bird Acoustics, and was joined in 1993 by her husband, also an acoustics engineer. This was a consultancy specialising in acoustics and noise control where she stayed until her retirement in 2008. She gained an MSc in Applied Acoustics from Derby University in 2003. She is a Chartered Engineer and a Fellow of the Institute of Acoustics and has been both chair and President of the Association of Noise Consultants.

In 1993 Bird was a member of the Working Group on ‘Women in Science Technology and Engineering’ for Office of Science & Technology which produced the report ‘The Rising Tide’. In 2002, representing WES, she was instrumental in setting up the International Network of Women Engineers and Scientists (INWES), and was INWES president from 2008 to 2011.

Bird was a governor at Welbeck Defence Sixth Form College for 25 years and is now a Parish Councillor.

Awards
Bird was awarded the Isabel Hardwich Medal of the Women's Engineering Society in 2003 and an MBE for services to women in engineering in 2016.

References

External links
International Network of Women Engineers and Scientists (INWES)

British acoustical engineers
British women engineers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Presidents of the Women's Engineering Society
People from Princes Risborough
Besse Day. Besse Beulah Day (later known as Besse Day Mauss, 1889–1986) was an American statistician known for her contributions to the statistics of forestry and naval engineering, and in particular for pioneering the use of design of experiments in engineering.

Education and career
Day was born in 1889 in Chapel Hill, Missouri.
She earned a bachelor's degree in mathematics at Central Missouri State Teachers College, and a master's degree in mathematics and statistics in 1927 from the University of Michigan School of Forestry and Conservation.

She worked for the Victor Talking Machine Company from 1927 to 1929 before joining the United States Forest Service in 1930. In 1943 she moved to Johns Hopkins University to assist the war effort by helping develop a radio-based proximity fuze. After the war she became head of statistics at the United States Naval Engineering Experiment Station in Annapolis, Maryland, and later a consulting statistician for the Bureau of Ships. As part of her work for the Navy, she transferred her knowledge of the design of experiments from forestry to naval engineering, for example using this method to determine which types of steel were susceptible to cracks in welding.

In 1960 she and her husband, contractor Charles E. Mauss, bought a house on South Carolina Avenue in Washington, DC, where they lived until retiring in 1969 to New Oxford, Pennsylvania.
She died on September 14, 1986, in New Oxford.

Recognition
Day became a Fellow of the American Statistical Association in 1951 for being "diligent in the applications of statistical theory to the two widely separated fields of forestry and engineering". She also became a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1951.
In 1958, she was elected to the Washington Academy of Sciences "in recognition of her pioneer work in the statistical design of experiments in many fields particularly those of forestry and engineering and for her unique achievements in the exposition of statistical methods". She was also a fellow of the American Society for Quality Control.

Her 1955 paper "The technique of regression analysis" was the 1956 winner of the Brumbaugh Award of the American Society for Quality, as the year's best contribution to the industrial application of quality control.

Selected publications

References

1889 births
1996 deaths
American statisticians
American women statisticians
University of Central Missouri alumni
University of Michigan School of Natural Resources and Environment alumni
Fellows of the American Statistical Association
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Friedrichshafen D.I. The Friedrichshafen D.I (company designation Friedrichshafen FF.46) was a German single-seat fighter plane developed by the Flugzeugbau Friedrichshafen during the First World War. Two prototypes were flown in 1917, but it was judged inferior to the Albatros D.III then in production and no further production ensued.

Background and description
The Flugzeugbau Friedrichshafen aircraft manufacturing company, after having failed to sell the FF.43 fighter floatplane to the Imperial German Navy's () Naval Air Service () in 1916, modified its design for land service in an attempt to sell it to the German Army's () Inspectorate of Flying Troops () (Idflieg). The Army accepted Friedrichshafen's proposal in September and ordered three prototypes, only two of which are known to have been completed.

Although the D.I was developed from the FF.43, they did not share any components. The D.I replaced the floats with a conventional landing gear arrangement, but retained its predecessor's single-bay, staggered-wing design,  Mercedes D.III straight-six engine and its pair of synchronised  LMG 08/15 Spandau machine guns. The two prototypes known to have been built differed only in the cabanes securing the upper wing to the fuselage; the first aircraft had vertical cabanes while the second had ones that were angled outwards for better pilot visibility.

The two prototypes were tested by Idflieg until 28 April 1917, revealing that they possessed flight characteristics and performance inferior to that of the Albatross D.III, so it did not order the D.I into production and the project was abandoned. Idflieg did not retain performance data for aircraft that it did not accept.

Specifications

See also

References

Bibliography

 

D.I
1910s German fighter aircraft
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1917
Journal of Universal Computer Science. The Journal of Universal Computer Science (J.UCS) is a monthly peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal covering all aspects of computer science.

History 
The journal was established in 1994 and is published by the J.UCS Consortium, formed by nine research organisations. The editors-in-chief are Muhammad Tanvir Afzal (Capital University of Science & Technology), Wolf-Tilo Balke (Leibniz University Hannover), Christian Gütl (Graz University of Technology), Rocael Hernández Rizzardini (Galileo University), Matthias Jarke (RWTH Aachen University), Stefanie Lindstaedt (Graz University of Technology), Peter Serdyukov (National University), and Klaus Tochtermann (Graz University of Technology).

Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in Current Contents/Engineering, Computing & Technology, Science Citation Index Expanded, and Scopus. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2017 impact factor of 1.066.

References

External links

Academic journals established in 1994
Computer science journals
Monthly journals
English-language journals
Open access journals
A-center. An A-center is a type of crystallographic defect complex in silicon which consists of a vacancy defect and an impurity oxygen atom.

In general, oxygen in silicon is interstitial, in which the oxygen atom breaks the covalent bond between two adjacent silicon atoms and is attached in the middle. A-centers - another type of defect, in which oxygen takes the place of the absent silicon atom, that is, it becomes a kind of replacement defect.

The A-center is visible in infrared spectra with a wavelength of 12 μm.

References
 
 
 

Crystallographic defects
DFW C.III. 

The DFW C.III was a German reconnaissance aircraft produced during World War I.

Powered by a  Benz Bz.III, the DFW C.III was designed as a pusher biplane, and resembled the pusher aircraft built by Breguet. However, the C.III remained a prototype only.

References

Bibliography

1910s German military reconnaissance aircraft
C.III
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
DFW D.I. 

The DFW D.I was a German fighter aircraft produced during World War I.

Design and development
The first DFW D.I prototype was similar to the DFW Floh with the exception of a 160 hp Mercedes D.III engine with a car-mounted radiator on the nose. The second prototype appeared months later fitted with twin Spandau machine guns, while the third prototype featured ailerons on the upper wingtips. The D.I first flew in 1917, leading to development of the DFW Dr.I triplane.

Specifications

References

Bibliography

1910s German fighter aircraft
D.I
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1917
DFW Dr.I. 

The DFW Dr.I was a prototype German fighter aircraft built during World War I.

Design and development
The DFW Dr.I prototype shared many design attributes with the D.I biplane, especially the Mercedes D.III piston engine. Therefore, the design of the D.I was used in building the Dr.I. It first flew in 1917, and in January 1918 was prepared for the fighter competition held at Adlershof in early 1918 along with the Euler Dr.II and Hansa-Brandenburg L.16. However, none of the entrants was chosen, and the Dr.I remained a prototype only.

Specifications

References

Bibliography

1910s German fighter aircraft
Dr.I
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Triplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1917
Fleetwings A-1. The Fleetwings A-1 was an American target drone manufactured by Kaiser-Fleetwings.

Design and development
The A-1 was built in 1939 as a small aerial gunnery target. It was flown unmanned and controlled by radio commands from the ground. It was a mid-wing monoplane with fixed tricycle landing gear. The A-1 utilized a Radio Frequency Laboratories control unit, broadcasting on 73 MHz; control was by traditonal aircraft-style controls operated by the controller; alternatively the controller could wear a control yoke on a chest-mounted support.

Operational history
Manufacturer's flight trials of the A-1 were conducted at Boonton Township Airfield; following them delivery was made to the Aberdeen Proving Ground for Army trials. The first Army test flight ended in the aircraft crashing, and the project was abandoned.

Specifications

References

External links

1930s United States special-purpose aircraft
Unmanned aerial vehicles of the United States
Fleetwings aircraft
Target drones of the United States
Mid-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1939
Noida Sector 51 metro station. The Noida Sector 51 is the elevated northern terminal metro station on the north–south corridor of the Aqua Line of Noida Metro in the city of Noida, Uttar Pradesh. It was opened to the public on 25 January 2019.

The station is connected to the Noida Sector 52 metro station on the Delhi Metro's Blue Line by a 300-metre-long pedestrian walkway. An overhead walkway connecting the two stations will be built by IKEA as part of an agreement signed between the company and the Noida Authority in February 2021. However, IKEA later stated that it would require at least 6 years to open its new showroom in Noida and the adjoining skywalk. In March 2022, the Noida Authority stated that it had floated tenders to construct a 420 metre long and five metre wide, L-shaped, foot overbridge connecting the two stations.

Station layout

References

External links

Railway stations in India opened in 2019
Noida Metro stations
Railway stations in Gautam Buddh Nagar district
Transport in Noida
Research Council on Structural Connections. The Research Council on Structural Connections (RCSC) is a research organization focused on bolted structural connections. Their technical standard on this subject is cited in the US steel design code.

Prior to 1980, the organization was known as the Research Council on Riveted and Bolted Structural Joints (RCRBSJ).  It was formed in 1947 to develop specifications for connections with high-strength bolts. At that time, high-strength structural steel rivets were common in buildings and bridges, but bolts were expected to be safer, quicker, and more economical if technical equivalence could be demonstrated. The council's first Specification identified ASTM A325 bolts as one-to-one replacements for ASTM A141 rivets.

References

1947 establishments
Research organizations
Caproni Ca.131. The Caproni Ca.131 was a prototype for a large aircraft built in Italy in 1934, intended for use as either a bomber or airliner. It was a conventional low-wing cantilever monoplane, powered by a radial engine on each wing and in the nose. The main undercarriage was housed within large streamlined spats. Configured as an airliner, it would have seated 17 passengers.

Operators

Regia Aeronautica for evaluation only.

Specifications

References

Ca.131
1930s Italian airliners
Trimotors
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1934
Caproni Ca.87. The Caproni Ca.87 was an Italian long-distance aircraft built in the 1920s for a planned transatlantic flight.

Development
In 1927, some Polish Americans conceived the idea of organizing a Polish flight across the Atlantic. Only two years later, Stanley Adamkevich from Chicago was able to organize this enterprise, and $36,000 was collected among Polish Americans. The crew for this task was chosen by the Polish government: the pilot of the 3rd Aviation Regiment, Captain Adam Kowalczyk, and LOT Polish Airlines pilot, Lt. Włodzimierz Klisz.
 
Different aircraft were taken under consideration, but most were too expensive. Gianni Caproni of Caproni firm personally decided to hand one Caproni Ca.73ter night bomber, on the basis of which they built the Ca.87 record attempt aircraft, participating in costs for advertisement purpose. First of all, the aircraft was altered for a possible landing on the water. Work was moving fast and in early May 1929 the aircraft was ready and flew for the first time on 15 June 1929. The Ca.87 was christened  Polonia.

The Ca.87's flight was scheduled for 4 July 1929, on Independence Day. The Ca.87 flew from the Italian Medionali airfield to the Baldonnel airfield in Ireland, waiting for a fair wind. The route was laid to the Canadian airport of Terra Nova, from there they intended to fly to Chicago. However, the new Isotta Fraschini Asso engines worked intermittently, and factory mechanics could not adjust them properly, to guarantee a safe flight on a long distance. Moreover, on 13 July there came news about the crash of another Polish pilot Ludwik Idzikowski during an attempt of a trans-Atlantic flight. As a result, the plans were cancelled. The aircraft was returned to Caproni, where it was converted into a bomber.

Specifications

See also

References

Further reading

 

Ca.087
1920s Italian bomber aircraft
Flying boats
Aircraft first flown in 1929
Biplanes