omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Gregory L. Robinson. Gregory L. Robinson is an American engineer and the former director of the James Webb Space Telescope Program at NASA.

Early life 
Robinson was the 9th of 11 children born to tobacco sharecroppers in rural Virginia. He attended a segregated elementary school until 1970, then attended Dan River High School, where he graduated in 1978.

Education 
Robinson received a full-ride football scholarship to Virginia Union University, where he obtained a bachelor's degree in mathematics. He then transferred to Howard University and earned a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering. Robinson also has an MBA from Averett College. He later attended the Harvard Kennedy School as a Senior Executive Fellow.

Career 
Robinson joined NASA in 1989, and quickly became a manager at the Goddard Space Flight Center. He has been Deputy Center Director of the John H. Glenn Research Center, where he oversaw 114 missions, from 2005 to 2013 was the NASA Deputy Chief Engineer, and from 2018 to 2022, was the director of the Webb Space Telescope Program. As the director of the Webb Telescope Program, he oversaw the program that included over 20,000 people, and he successfully saw the launch of the telescope which had been delayed many times before Robinson took over the project. He has also taught in the George Washington University Department of Engineering Management & Systems Engineering.

For his role in improving the performance of the Webb program, Robinson's supervisor, Thomas Zurbuchen, called him "the most effective leader of a mission I have ever seen in the history of NASA." Zurbuchen credited Robinson with raising the program's schedule efficiency (how many measures were completed on time) from 50% to 95%. In 2022, Robinson was named to the Time 100 list of influential people, as well as Time Innovator of the Year in 2022. In July 2022, after Webb's commissioning process was complete and it began transmitting its first data, Robinson retired, following a 33-year career at NASA.

Since 2020, Robinson has taught at Columbia University.

Awards 
Robinson received many awards and accolades for his work as the director of the James Webb Space Telescope Program including:

2013: NASA Presidential Rank Distinguished Executive Award
2022: Federal Employee of the Year (Samuel J. Heyman Service to America Medals)
2022: Time 100 Most Influential People of 2022
2022: Time 2022 Innovator of the Year
2022: EBONY Power 100
2022: NASA Presidential Rank Distinguished Executive Award
2023: Stibitz-Wilson Award from the American Computer & Robotics Museum

Personal life 
Robinson and his wife, Cynthia, have three daughters and several grandchildren.

References 

Living people
21st-century African-American scientists
Averett University alumni
Howard University alumni
Columbia University faculty
Virginia Union University alumni
Virginia Union Panthers football players
People from Danville, Virginia
20th-century African-American academics
20th-century American academics
21st-century African-American academics
21st-century American academics
1960 births
American engineers
Lithium tritelluride. Lithium tritelluride is an intercalary compound of lithium and tellurium with empirical formula .  It is one of three known members of the Li-Te system, the others being the raw metals and lithium telluride ().  

LiTe3 was first discovered in 1969 by researchers at the US Atomic Energy Commission.  Research into the compound has been primarily driven by the possibility of using molten tellurium salts to cool a nuclear reactor.  

Lithium tritelluride can be synthesized by heating a mixture of the appropriate stoichiometry.  It is unstable below ; if left below that temperature, it will decompose, releasing tellurium vapor.  

Structurally, lithium tritelluride is composed of parallel graphene-like planes of tellurium.  Atoms in these planes are aligned to form "vertical" columns of tellurium; the lithium ions then form columns running through the center of each tellurium hexagon.

References

Lithium compounds
Tellurium compounds
Europium(II) titanate. Europium(II) titanate is a black mixed oxide of europium and titanium, with the chemical formula of EuTiO3. It crystallizes in the perovskite structure.

History 
EuTiO3 was first examined in 1966 by McGuire, Shafer, Joenk, Halperin and Pickart where the magnetic structure was examined. This compound received more attention at the beginning of the 21st century (2001 to 2015) due to the low-temperature phase transition to antiferromagnetic behavior at TN = 5.5 K, which has a significant influence on the dielectric constant.

Preparation 
Dried Eu2O3 and Ti2O3 are mixed 1:1 and reacted in an argon atmosphere at 1400 °C:

The europium is reduced and the titanium is oxidized.

Properties 

Europium(II) titanate has two different crystal forms depending on the temperature. The phase transition occurs at 282 K. The low temperature form crystallizes in the tetragonal space group I4/mcm (space group No. 140) with the lattice parameters a = 551.92(2) pm, c = 781.64(8) pm (measured at 90 K). The higher temperature form has a cubic form with Pmm (space group No. 221) with lattice parameter a = 390.82(2) pm (measured at 300 K).  The transition temperature of the crystal structure from the low-temperature to the high-temperature phase increases with increasing pressure. The compound becomes G-type antiferromagnetic below 5.5 K. The specific heat capacity is 125 J·mol−1·K−1 (at 600 K). 125 J·mol−1·K−1290 K is 7,6 W·m−1·K−1 and the electrical conductivity is 105 (Ω·m)−1(at 330 K).

References 

Europium(II) compounds
Titanates
Titanium compounds
Emilija Stojmenova Duh. Emilija Stojmenova Duh (born 25 December 1985) is a Macedonian-Slovenian electrical engineer and politician. She was minister for digital transformation of the Republic of Slovenia from 1 June 2022 until 26 september 2024 .

Youth and education
She was born in Vinica, Macedonia, and moved to Maribor in 2002, when she received a scholarship from the Ad Futura agency for schooling as part of the International Baccalaureate, which was implemented by the II. Maribor high school. She completed her studies at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Computer Science and Informatics. She completed her doctoral studies in 2013.

Career
After graduation, she started working as a young researcher at Iskratel. After completing her doctoral studies, she got a job at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering in Ljubljana, where she is currently an associate professor at the Department of Information and Communication Technologies. There, she also led the digital junction 4PDIH, a partnership between the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and the Community of Municipalities of Slovenia, which raises awareness of the importance of digitization.

Between 2014 and 2016, she was the head of Demol Slovenia, part of the Demol international network. From February 2018 to October 2019, she was the executive director of the Digital Innovation Junction of Slovenia. She was a member of the board of directors of the Public Research Agency of the Republic of Slovenia, and is currently a member of the expert council of the Employment Agency of the Republic of Slovenia.

She was a finalist in the Engineer of the Year 2018 selection and nominated for Slovene Woman of the Year 2021.

Politics

Digitalization Strategy Council
On 10 April 2021 she was appointed as a member of the Prime Minister's new consultative body, namely the Strategic Council for Digitization, headed by Mark Boris Andrijanič. She later resigned from the council on 7 June 2021, citing wasted opportunities to finance development projects.

Candidacy in the 2022 National Assembly elections
Stojmenova Duh also ran in 2022 National Assembly elections, she appeared on the list of Social Democrats, namely in Maribor in the 7th electoral unit. She switched to the Freedom Movement in September 2022.

Minister for Digital Transformation
From 1 June 2022, in the 15th Slovenian government under the leadership of Robert Golob, she was the Minister for Digital Transformation.until she resigned from her position on September 26, 2024.

References

1985 births
Living people
Slovenian politicians
Slovenian people of Macedonian descent
People from Maribor
Tony Kinloch. Tony Kinloch (born 7 October 1946) is a British academic and educator. He is a faculty member at the Department of Mechanical Engineering of Imperial College London and is a visiting professor at the Universities of New South Wales and Sydney.

Education 
Kinloch attended the Queen Mary College, University of London, and was awarded his Ph.D. in 1972 on Mechanics of Adhesive Failure, supervised by Edgar Andrews and A.N. Gent.

Achievements 
During his time at Imperial College, Kinloch has published over three hundred patents and papers, writing and editing seven books. Between 2007 & 2012 he was the Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering and under his supervision over fifty students obtained their Ph.D.

Awards 
 1992 - US Adhesion Society 3M Award for 'Excellence in Adhesion Science'
 1994 -  Adhesion Society of Japan Award for Distinguished Contributions to the Development of Adhesion Science and Technology
 1995 -  Elected as  'R.L. Patrick Fellow' of the Adhesion Society
 1996 -  Awarded the 'A. A . Griffith Medal and Prize' from the Institute of Materials, UK
 1997 - Elected a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering
 1997 - Awarded the 'Hawksley Gold Medal' from the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, UK. 
 2001 - Invitation to give 'The Dow Honorary Lecture' of the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA. 
 2002 - Awarded The 'Wake Memorial Medal' from the Institute of Materials, UK 2002 -  'R & D Scientist of the Year' by the US Adhesives Age Journal.
 2002-2004 - Elected President of the US Adhesion Society
 2007 - Elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society. 
 2009 - Awarded 'The Royal Society Armourers & Brasiers' Company Prize for ‘Excellence in Materials Science and Technology’ and the 'Le Prix Dédale de la Sociéte Française d’Adhesion'
 2016 - Elected a Fellow of the European Structural Integrity Society
 2017 - Elected a Fellow of the International Congress of Fracture
 2021 - Presented with The Presidents Award from the US Adhesion Society
 2023 - Awarded the ´Alan Cottrell Gold Medal´from the International Congress on Fracture

References

External links 
 Professor Tony Kinloch
 

1946 births
Living people
Fellows of the Royal Society
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
Alumni of Queen Mary University of London
20th-century British engineers
21st-century British engineers
British materials scientists
Academics of Imperial College London
Alumni of the University of London
British mechanical engineers
Fellows of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining
Hughes-Columbia 27. The Hughes-Columbia 27 is a Canadian sailboat that was designed by Alan Payne as a cruiser and first built in 1978.

The Hughes-Columbia 27 is a development of the 1976, Payne-designed Columbia 8.3.

Production
The design was built by Hughes Boat Works in Canada, from 1978 until 1980, but it is now out of production.

Design
The Hughes-Columbia 27 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fibreglass, with wood trim. It has a masthead sloop rig, an internally mounted spade-type rudder and a fixed fin keel. It displaces  and carries  of iron ballast.

The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel.

The boat is fitted with a Japanese Yanmar 2QM diesel engine for docking and manoeuvring. The fuel tank holds  and the fresh water tank has a capacity of .

The design has a hull speed of .

See also
List of sailing boat types

References

Keelboats
1970s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Sailboat type designs by Alan Payne
Sailboat types built by Hughes Boat Works
Deborah Thurston. Deborah Lee Thurston is an American civil engineer specializing in the engineering design process and sustainable engineering. She is Gutsgell Professor Emerita of Industrial & Enterprise Systems Engineering at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign.

Education and career
Thurston was interested in gymnastics as a high school student in suburban Minnesota, but gave it up to major in civil engineering at the University of Minnesota, where she graduated in 1978. She continued her studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she earned a master's degree in 1984 and a Ph.D. in 1987, under the supervision of Joel P. Clark.

She joined the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign in 1987, as an assistant professor of general engineering, and was the department's only female faculty member from then until 1999. In 2005, the department of general engineering merged with the university's program in industrial engineering to form a department of industrial and systems engineering, and she became the interim head of the department, serving until 2007. She served as interim head again in 2019–2020, before retiring in 2021.

Recognition
Thurston was named as an ASME Fellow in 2010, for "significant contributions through her research in multi-objective engineering design decision making, developing new methods for simultaneous analysis of environmental impacts, production costs, and product performance and quality".

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American civil engineers
American women engineers
University of Minnesota alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign faculty
Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Operational image. An operational image, also known as operative image, is an image that serves a functional, rather than aesthetic, purpose. Operational images are not intended to be viewed by people as representations of the real world; they are created to be used as instruments in performing some task or operation, often by machine automation. Operational images are used in a wide variety of applications, such as weapons targeting and guidance systems, and assisting surgeons performing robot-assisted surgery.

The term "operational image" was first coined in 2000 by German filmmaker Harun Farocki in the first part of his three-part audiovisual installation, Eye/Machine. Farocki's installation included operational images used by militaries, such as weapons guidance and targeting systems. Eye/Machine featured images shown to the public by the United States military from the cameras used by laser-guided missiles in the Gulf War. Farocki defined operational images as "Images without a social goal, not for edification, not for reflection," and that they "do not represent an object, but rather are part of an operation." 

According to Volker Pantenburg, operational images are more accurately characterized as "visualizations of data". He describes operational images as a "working image" or an image that "performs work".

Operational images are ubiquitous in modern society, used for a variety of military and non-military applications, such as inspecting sewer piping, and assisting surgeons performing robotic surgery.

References 

Imaging
Photography
Computer graphics
LOFTI 2. LOFTI 2 ("LOw Frequency Trans Ionospheric Satellite", also styled LOFTI II) refers to a pair of United States Naval Research Laboratory satellites launched in 1962 and 1963 as a follow-on to the LOFTI-1 mission. The program's mission was to study how the ionosphere affected very low frequency transmissions. Both were 20-inch diameter aluminum spheres equipped with extendible antennas.

LOFTI 2 
LOFTI 2 was launched on 24 January 1962 as part of the Composite 1 mission alongside four other satellites. The mission failed to reach orbit.

LOFTI 2A 
LOFTI 2A was launched on 15 June 1963 alongside five other satellites. It was equipped with a ten-foot antenna which could be extended to 40 feet remotely. The orbital injection motor on the launch vehicle failed to fire, leaving all of the satellites in the wrong orbit.

See also 

 LOFTI-1

References

Further reading 
 

Satellites of the United States
Supremo (app). Supremo is a remote desktop software that allows access to remote computers, servers and other devices. It was first released in 2013 by Nanosystems S.r.l.

It runs on Windows, macOS, Android, Linux, and iOS operating systems.

Software 
Supremo's main function is enabling users to remotely access computers from desktop and mobile devices. It can be used without configuration or installation procedures.

Use by hackers and scammers 
Supremo has been abused by hackers and scammers to gain access to the victim's computers. Supremo attempts to combat this by putting a warning message at the first start of the software.

Features 
If desired, Supremo can start at the system boot of devices to allow unattended access on the remote machines.

References 

2013 software
Remote administration software for Linux
MacOS remote administration software
Windows remote administration software
Pierre Chevenard. Pierre Antoine Jean Sylvestre Chevenard (31 December 1888 – 15 August 1960) was a French metallurgist who worked on the tempering and hardening of steels and introduced the idea of precision metallurgy in industrial steel production and innovated measurement devices that carry his name including the Chevenard thermobalance and dilatometer.

Chevenard was born in Thizy, Rhône in a family that was involved in the textile industry and graduated from the École des Mines at Saint-Étienne in 1910. He worked as an engineer in 1911 at the Imphy steel works where he worked under Henry Fayol along with Charles Edouard Guillaume and Léon Guillet (1873-1946). He helped establish a laboratory for scientific metallurgy in the plant. Chevenard became head of metallurgical research in 1912 and in 1920 Guillaume received a Nobel Prize for his work on alloys that did not expand with temperature. Chevenard developed several instruments including the differential dilatometer recorder and a thermomagnetometer. He developed steel alloys of tungsten, chromium, and nickel that were corrosion resistant for use in steam turbines.  After World War I Chevenard became a professor of metallurgy at the school of mines in Saint Etienne but continued to be an industrial consultant. Chevenard examined the flow of metals and friction, and developed several measuring techniques and instruments. He collaborated with Albert Portevin on nickel alloys. 

Chevenard was made an officer of the Legion of Honour in 1931.

References

External links 
 Biography (in French) with portrait

1888 births
1960 deaths
People from Thizy-les-Bourgs
French metallurgists
Presidents of the Société Française de Physique
Commanders of the Legion of Honour
Columbia 8.3. The Columbia 8.3 is a sailboat that was designed by Alan Payne as a cruiser and first built in 1976.

The Columbia 8.3 design was also sold as the Hughes 27 and was later developed into the Hughes-Columbia 27.

Production
The design was built by Columbia Yachts in the United States and later by Hughes Boat Works in Canada after Howard Hughes bought Columbia Yachts. Production ran from 1976 until 1981, with 240 boats built.

Design
The designer described the Columbia 8.3's cruising design criteria, hull shape and sailing characteristics:

The Columbia 8.3 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fibreglass, with wood trim. It has a masthead sloop rig, a raked stem, a slightly angled transom, an internally mounted spade-type rudder controlled by a tiller and a fixed fin keel. It displaces  and carries  of ballast.

The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel.

The boat is fitted with a direct drive  Universal Atomic 4 gasoline engine for docking and manoeuvring. A  Swedish Volvo Penta geared diesel engine was available as a factory option. The fuel tank holds  and the fresh water tank has a capacity of .

The design has sleeping accommodation for four people, with a double "V"-berth in the bow cabin and two straight settee berths in the main cabin. The galley is located on both sides of the companionway ladder and is equipped with a two-burner stove to port and a sink and icebox to starboard. The head is located just aft of the bow cabin on the port side. Cabin headroom is .

For sailing downwind the design may be equipped with a spinnaker.

The design has a hull speed of .

See also
List of sailing boat types

References

External links

Photo of a Columbia 8.3

Keelboats
1970s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Trailer sailers
Sailboat type designs by Alan Payne
Sailboat types built by Columbia Yachts
Sailboat types built by Hughes Boat Works
STARAD. STARAD (STARfish RADiation) was a radiation-monitoring satellite used to track the artificial radiation belt created by the Starfish Prime high-altitude nuclear test.

Background 
On 9 July 1962, decay of debris the Starfish Prime nuclear test utccreated an unexpected increase in high-energy particles in the Earth's magnetic field. Scientists were not sure how long the radiation and its effects would last. The Air Force Cambridge Research Laboratory was asked to design and build STARAD to study the radiation.

Build and launch 
The STARAD vehicle was designed and built in sixty days and was launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base on 26 October 1962. It was equipped with nine radiation-measuring instruments.

Results 
The STARAD data showed that the radiation from the Starfish test was decaying much slower than expected and that there was little decrease in radiation after the satellite's launch. It also detected radiation from two Soviet nuclear tests conducted after its launch. The satellite's spin allowed scientists to measure Pitch angle distributions. 

The satellite's existence was kept secret for some time, as were the conclusions that the artificial radiation belt could last ten years or longer. The unfavorable conclusions worsened existing criticism of the Starfish test among the scientific community.

References 

Satellites of the United States
7th Cycle Birthday Anniversary Park, Bang Bon. 7th Cycle Birthday Anniversary Park, Bang Bon () is an urban park in Bangkok, Thailand.

History & concept

The park is constructed on an area of  of the Crown Property Bureau (CPB), with 9 royal projects of King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) as the main design concept, consisting of

 The Kaem Ling Project (โครงการแก้มลิง – Monkey Cheeks Project): project to build a retention pond to solve the flood problem.
 Natural Water Treatment Project (โครงการบำบัดน้ำด้วยวิธีธรรมชาติ)
 Sufficiency Economy Philosophy (ปรัชญาเศรษฐกิจพอเพียง): sufficiency economy philosophy (SEP) by the King Rama IX
 Royal Initiative Project on Wildlife Conservation (โครงการพระราชดำริเรื่องการอนุรักษ์สัตว์ป่า)
 Reforestation Project: 3 Forests, 4 Benefits (โครงการปลูกป่า 3 อย่าง 4 ประโยชน์)
 Soil Rehabilitation and Conservation Project (โครงการฟื้นฟูและอนุรักษ์ดิน)
 Integrated Agriculture Project (โครงการเกษตรผสมผสาน)
 Elaborate Agriculture Project (โครงการเกษตรปราณีต)
 Energy Crop Project (โครงการปลูกพืชพลังงาน)

Hence, the park is also known as "9 Hills Park" (สวน 9 เนิน) according to its design.

It was built to celebrate the 84th birthday (7th cycle) of the King Rama IX in 2011. It was completed in first phase and opened for available in September 2018 and was full completed in December the same year.

Inside the park, there are an exhibition hall displays the royal projects, a floating amphitheatre, a bridge over the lake, a scenic view point, and many photo spots. There is also a concrete running track around the park, with a total distance of . With an area of 100 rai, it is the 10th largest urban park in Bangkok.

Location
The park is located on Rama II Soi 82 (Soi Rang Pho), Bang Bon Tai subdistrict, Bang Bon district, on the southwest suburbs of Bangkok, between two highways, Rama II (Highway 35) and Kanchanaphisek Roads (Motorway 9).

References

External links
 

Bang Bon district
Parks in Bangkok