omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Al Wahda Dam (Morocco). Al Wahda Dam, formerly known as M'Jaara Dam, is an embankment dam on the Ouergha River near M´Jaara in Ouezzane Province, Morocco. It was constructed for flood control, irrigation, water supply and hydroelectric power production. It is the second largest dam in Africa and the largest in Morocco. It was described by Land Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone (LOICZ) as "the second most important dam in Africa after the High Aswan dam."

Background
In 1988, the Board of Water and Climate considered the dam and eventually it was recommended for development. Construction began in 1991, the dam began to create its reservoir in 1996 and was inaugurated on March 20, 1997, by King Hassan II. A total of  of material were excavated during construction.

Specifications
The dam is an earthen embankment type made of  of material and  of concrete. It is  tall at its highest point and the main portion of the dam is  long. Directly to the north and adjacent to the spillway is a saddle dam that is  long and  high. The dam's spillway, in its center is controlled by six floodgates and has a discharge capacity in excess of .

Power plant
The power plant, at the dam's toe and adjacent to the spillway is supplied with water via a  diameter and  long pipe which in turn transfers the water into three penstocks. Each of which is  in diameter  in length. This scheme provides  of hydraulic head and up to  to the Francis turbines. Each turbine powers an  generator for a total installed capacity of .

Impacts
The dam has had a positive impact downstream by supplying water for drinking and irrigation. In addition, it has helped reduce  floods in the Gharb region along the Ouergha and Sebou Rivers by 90%. It provides water for the potential irrigation of over . Electricity produced by the dam's hydroelectric power station also alleviates the burning of  of fossil fuels a year along with serving peak energy demand. The dam's reservoir though has a high rate of siltation and it is estimated to lose  of storage each year. The silt trapped in the reservoir also doesn't reach the coastal estuary which increases erosion along the coast.

See also

 List of power stations in Morocco

References

Dams completed in 1997
Energy infrastructure completed in 1998
Hydroelectric power stations in Morocco
Dams in Morocco
Earth-filled dams
20th-century architecture in Morocco
Flying Scholarships for Disabled People. Flying Scholarships for Disabled People (FSDP) is a UK charity based at RAF Fairford in Gloucestershire, dedicated to helping disabled people to learn to fly a light aircraft.

The stated purpose is to inspire disabled adults, building their confidence, self-esteem and aspirations through the sharing of life changing aviation experiences.

The charity was founded in 1983 by Tim Prince and Paul Bowen of the Royal International Air Tattoo in the memory of Group Captain Sir Douglas Bader, the disabled wartime fighter ace who lost both his legs in an accident in 1931.

Over 400 disabled people have participated in the scholarship scheme, several are paraplegic, and others are disabled as a result, for example, of cerebral palsy, loss of limbs, rheumatoid arthritis, MS, ME, spina bifida and poliomyelitis.

Supported by donations and sponsorship, the charity typically provides about 12 scholarships a year.  Many of the Scholars get to fly Solo, and some go on to take full licences.

Patronage 
Up until his death in 1999, the Patron of the charity was His Royal Highness King Hussein of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Following the death of his father, his son His Royal Highness Prince Faisal bin Al Hussein, succeeded him and is the current patron of the charity.

Air Chief Marshall Sir Stephen Dalton joined the charity as a Vice Patron in 2012.

Author, broadcaster, pilot and musician Bruce Dickinson, best known as a member of Iron Maiden, was appointed Vice Patron of the charity in 2012.

Tim Prince OBE, joint founder of the Royal International Air Tattoo "the world’s largest military air show", and the FSDP charity, is a Vice Patron of the charity.

Polly Vacher MBE, is an aviator specialising in long-distance solo flights, having obtained her private pilot license in Australia in 1994. She was awarded her MBE in 2002 for her services to charity, and was appointed a Vice Patron to the charity in 2015.

Scholar Stories 
Since achieving his scholarship in 2007 Andy Lewis MBE has become part of the Great Britain World Class Performance Program competing for Great Britain all over the world. He is the British Elite Champion for Paraduathlon and British Champion for Triathlon. He was awarded the Sports person of the year in the Pride of the Forest awards and disabled sports performer of the year in the Bristol Sports awards. He is a GB Paratriathlete and competes as a through-knee amputee and achieved a gold medal at the 2016 Rio Paralympic Games. In December 2016 he was awarded an MBE for services to triathlon.

References

External links 
 Official Website
 Douglas Bader - The charity was established in Bader's memory

Flight training
Kei Rail. Kei Rail is a railway project in South Africa.

The Eastern Cape government restored rail services between AmaBhele and Mthatha, on an abandoned branch from the East London-Springfontein main line. Infrastructure was rebuilt, and passenger services restarted in March 2008. The local Department of Roads and Transport leases the network from Transnet Freight Rail, and Sheltam Grindrod are subcontracted to operate trains.

The project was part of a broader development plan for the region. The line has also been used by the Phelophepha health train. ECDORT planned several other projects to restore disused infrastructure in the province. However, funding was threatened and the service was not connected with the rest of the South African rail network; Kei Rail suspended services in November 2010 but resumed in June 2011.

20 coaches were repossessed by Transnet Rail Engineering, and sold to an Angolan railway operator in September 2011.

In September 2012 PRASA withdrew their support as station operator and on 31 October 2012 the Eastern Cape Department of Transport suspended the service due to lack of funds for the service. As of 2023, the train has not resumed service.

References

Railway lines in South Africa
Transport in the Eastern Cape
Railway companies of South Africa
3 ft 6 in gauge railways in South Africa
Wisent (vehicle). The Wisent is an 8x8 armoured logistics vehicle built by Rheinmetall. It is designed to be airliftable by the Airbus A400M.

It can be fitted with various modules, for cargo carrying, medical use, troop transport, and so on.

The Wisent can also be fitted with various weapons, including an RCWS.

References

Military vehicles introduced in the 2000s
Military trucks
Rheinmetall
MAN SE
Armoured personnel carriers of Germany
Eight-wheeled vehicles
Armoured personnel carriers of the post–Cold War period
Bãi Cháy Bridge. The Bãi Cháy Bridge () is a cable-stayed bridge on Highway 18, connecting Hồng Gai with Bãi Cháy over the Cửa Lục straits, separating Cửa Lục Bay with Hạ Long Bay, on the territory of Hạ Long city, Quảng Ninh province, Vietnam. It is the first, and at the time of its inauguration, the longest central-line cable-stayed bridge in Vietnam.

Design

The bridge has two outer span of reinforced pre-stressed concrete box beams, which are the widest of the world for this type of bridge. The towers are located on a huge pneumatic caisson foundation system, a modern construction technology first applied in Vietnam on this project. The bridge was constructed using a balanced cantilever technology, wherein the bridge beams reaching out over the water and the aligned ends connect at a head height of  above the water level. This technique assured that vessels could still operate normally during the construction process.

The bridge was completed and opened for traffic on December 2, 2006. The bridge was built to address the needs of the local people and tourists, and also to complete the discontinuation of the Bãi Cháy ferry line.

Technical details
 Spans: 5 spans, main span of 
 Navigable width: 
 Load: Class A standard Japanese
 Cost: about VND 1046 billions, 40-month construction period, to November 30, 2006 termination
 Owner: Ministry of Transport, representing the owner: Project Management Unit 18-PMU18
 Design consultant - monitor: Institute of bridges and structures in Japan
 Contractor: Shimizu-Sumitomo Mitsui Construction

Gallery

See also
List of longest cable-stayed bridge spans
Transport in Vietnam
List of bridges

References 

Cable-stayed bridges in Vietnam
Bridges completed in 2006
Road bridges in Vietnam
Buildings and structures in Quảng Ninh province
Shimizu Corporation
École nationale d'ingénieurs de Brest. The École nationale d'ingénieurs de Brest (; ENIB) is a French grande école leading to the French Diplôme d'Ingénieur under the authority of the French Ministry of Education and Research.

Introduction 

ENIB is located on the Technopole Brest-Iroise in Plouzané. The school is attached to the University of Western Brittany.

This school is part of the ENI group and provides an engineer training certified by the Ministry of Higher Education and Research in the fields of electronics, of computer engineering and Mechatronics.

The course lasts 5 years, 3 years or 2 years according to the degree when entering the school.

Admission 

The main admission to the ENIB is made through a selective examination during the year leading to the baccalauréat, most of the successful candidates come from the série scientifique or Bac S. There is however further possibility to join the ENIB later on after 2 years of studies in an IUT or at the University, the selection being on academic records.

History 

 1961 - Creation of the ENIB (in 4 years).
 1987 - In 5 years. Diversification of recruitment, creation of two channels (electronics and industrial computing).
 1988 - Establishment of the Research Laboratory for Electronics (RESO)
 1990 - Establishment of research laboratory computer (LI2)
 1991 - Ability to deliver a DEA in Electronics - Optronics.
 1992 - New building (10 000 m2) on the Technopole Brest-Iroise.
 1994 - Authorization to issue a Master: Real Time Software Engineering and for Industrial Computing (GT2I).
 1997 - Authorization for the Masters: Distributed Virtual Reality (SVR).
 2000 - Opening of a mechatronics channel.
 2004 - New 4000 m2 extension building and creation of the European Center for Virtual Reality.
 2006 - Establishment of the mechanics research laboratory.
 2009 - Introduction of the Professional Systems and Services option.
 2011 - Integration of electronic and computer labs in the Lab-STICC (UMR CNRS)
 2012 - Inauguration of Student House
 2013 - The Institut Mines-Télécom includes ENIB as an associate school

External links 

 Official site of school
 Official website of the ENIB students

Engineering universities and colleges in France
Educational institutions established in 1961
1961 establishments in France
Steven Hoogendijk. Steven Hoogendijk (1 April 1698 – 3 July 1788) was a Rotterdam watch and instrument maker and physicist.

Career 
In 1769, Steven Hoogendijk co-founded the Batavian Society for Experimental Philosophy, with a main aim of introducing the steam engine in the Netherlands, with the motto: "Certos Feret experientia fructus" (experience will give reliable products). With the support of the Society at their own expense they brought a Newcomen steam engine from England to an old Powder Tower at the edge of Rotterdam. On 9 March 1776, the machine was first put into operation. The steam engine components worked well, but the self-designed wooden Hoogendijk pumps were not compatible and quickly collapsed. This made it such an impression that in 1787 a new steam engine was built in the Polder Blijdorp. The expected theoretical capacity of 1750 cubic feet per minute displacement was only 5% higher than the observed effective capacity. Nevertheless, general acceptance in the Netherlands of the steam engine was slow due to allegiance to the existing mill methods. His portrait to the right, shows him pointing to an early pyrometer from Pieter van Musschenbroeck with pumps in the background.

International Steven Hoogendijk Prizes

The triennial International Steven Hoogendijk Prize for medical engineering was first awarded in 2001, shared by three individuals, Professors Nicolas Bom and Jan Somer, both from the Netherlands, and Prof. David Sahn of Portland, Oregon. The subject was pediatric echocardiography. The second award in 2004 was given to Prof. Thomas Sinkjaer from Aalborg, Denmark, recognizing his work on functional electro-stimulation to recover lost neuromuscular functions of the human body. The third award in 2007 was for Prof. Willi Kalender, from Erlangen, Germany, inventor of the spiral CT scanner. In 2010, the award went to George M. Church, of Harvard Medical School, for "minimal invasive diagnosis" (genome sequencing technology). The award in 2010 was presented by Rotterdam mayor Ahmed Aboutaleb after introductory comments by Prof. H.W. Tilanus (CEO of the Batavian Society) and Frank Grosveld of Erasmus Medical Center and interview by comedian Raoul Heertje. The 2016 prize was awarded to Richard M. Durbin and the 2018 prize to Larry Gold. The 2020 prize went to Nicholas Ayache.

References

18th-century Dutch physicists
1698 births
1788 deaths
Engineers from Rotterdam
Greengauge 21. Greengauge 21  is a non-for-profit registered company that aims to investigate and develop the concepts associated with a UK high-speed rail network.

Research
Previous research into High Speed Rail (HSR) has tended to focus on the international spatial level. Greengauge is one of a number of groups now using a multilevel (regional, national and international) analysis to satisfactorily understand HSR's territorial implications. Greengauge 21 has shown that while capacity on the new line (HS2) is expected to be fully used soon enough (certainly within 20 years of opening), there is plenty of scope and a good business case for a second north–south high-speed line.

In February 2010, Greengauge 21 contracted KPMG, one of the big four auditing firms, to conduct a study into the economic benefits of a high-speed rail network. The findings of this research were published in the report "Consequences for employment and economic growth".

Greengauge 21 research has found that the price of travel on a future domestic High Speed network will be comparable with fares on conventional trains. A new report says that many passengers could be paying no more than £20 and dismisses claims that high-speed rail will be the preserve of a wealthy elite.

Many of Greengauge 21's recommendations have been incorporated into the planning of High Speed 2, a high-speed rail line, which will link London to Birmingham, with possible future phases extending the line to the North of England and Scotland.

Publications
Capturing the benefits of HS2 on existing lines 
HS2 - Why the critics are wrong 
High-Speed Rail: Fair and Affordable 
Fast Forward: A High-Speed Rail Strategy for Britain 
The Next Steps for High Speed Rail in Britain

See also
High Speed 2
High Speed 1
High-speed rail in the United Kingdom
Channel Tunnel
Department for Transport

References

External links
 Greengauge 21

Non-profit organisations based in London
Organizations established in 2006

New Urbanism
George Alfred Joy Ricker. George Alfred Joy Ricker (June 30, 1863 - November 3, 1933) was a civil engineer in Buffalo, New York who built the Niagara Falls Gorge Railway and supervised the construction of the Storm King Highway.

Biography
He was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire on June 30, 1863. He attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In 1880 he moved to Buffalo, New York with his parents. In 1885, he became an assistant engineer on the Buffalo section of the Erie Railroad. In 1886, he was made assistant civil engineer on the Northern Pacific Railroad at Helena, Montana. He died in 1933.

References

1863 births
1933 deaths
American engineers
MBAS assay. A methylene blue active substances assay, or MBAS assay, is a colorimetric analysis test method that uses methylene blue to detect the presence of anionic surfactants (such as a detergent or foaming agent) in a sample of water. An anionic surfactant detected by the color reaction is called a methylene blue active substance (MBAS).

After first acidifying a water sample (with boric acid, for example), one adds to it chloroform and a solution of methylene blue et al. Methylene blue is a cationic dye. The biphasic solution is then agitated to distribute these reagents throughout the aqueous and organic phases. If an anionic surfactant is present, then the cationic methylene blue and the anionic surfactant forms an ion pair, which is extracted into the organic phase. The color saturation of the chloroform increases with the concentration of anionic surfactants.

MBAS assay is an ASTM International standard technique for detecting anionic surfactants. These include carboxylates, phosphates, sulfates, and sulfonates. An MBAS assay alone does not, however, identify specific surfactants. ASTM withdrew the standard (ASTM D2330-02) in 2011 pending a review and update of the method, which was last approved in 2003.

The publication Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater lists the following methods used by certified laboratories testing wastewater in the United States.
 Method 5540B describes surfactant separation by sublation. 
 Method 5540C discusses anionic surfactants as methylene blue active substances (MBAS). 
 Method 5540D discusses nonionic surfactants as cobalt thiocyanate active substances (CTAS).

See also

 Colorimetry
 Surfactant
 Water chemistry analysis
 Water testing

Notes

References

 Nollet, Leo M. L. Handbook of Water Analysis. 2nd ed. New York: Marcel Dekker, 2007.

Analytical chemistry
Anionic surfactants
Water pollution
Stylet. Stylet may refer to:

An archaeological term for a type of flint tool found in Lebanon, also known as a Minet ed Dhalia point
Stylet (anatomy), a hard, sharp anatomical structure
In the medical industry a stylet is a slender medical probe or device.
For example, stylets used to facilitate tracheal intubation – see 
French destroyer Stylet, a ship of the French Navy 1905–1921
EQ-53. In 1953, formula EQ-53, for an emulsifiable DDT concentrate for use in homes and commercial laundries to mothproof washable woolens, was released to the public by the United States Department of Agriculture "after four years of experimentation". The concentrate contained 25% DDT, 1% non-ionic detergent emulsifier, and 65% aromatic hydrocarbon solvent.

References

Insecticides
08/15 (film series). 08/15 is a 1954–55 West German film trilogy directed by Paul May and based on the novel 08/15 by Hans Hellmut Kirst who also served as the film's screenwriter (published in English as "The Revolt of Gunner Asch"). The term 08/15 (nill-eight/fifteen, ) refers to the German Army's standard machine gun, the 08/15 (or MG 08 model 15), by far, the most common German machine gun deployed in World War I. It was manufactured in such large quantities that it became the German Army slang for anything that was standard issue.

The film follows the story of Private Asch, a German soldier in World War II. The film title implies that Asch, and the soldiers under his command, were unostentatious (i.e. "run-of-the-mill") characters deployed on the Eastern Front.

Premise
The last of the 08/15 film trilogy ends with Germany being occupied by American soldiers who are portrayed as bubble-gum chewing, slack-jawed, uncultured louts, inferior in every respect to the heroic German soldiers. The only exception is the Jewish emigrant, now a US officer, who is shown as both intelligent and unscrupulous, the fact interpreted by Professor Omer Bartov as implying that the "real tragedy of World War II was that the Nazis did not get a chance to exterminate all Semites, who have now returned with Germany's defeat to once more exploit the German people". "Although Asch is never identified with the Americans – indeed, in the final film of the trilogy, the Americans appear to be nearly as dangerous a foe as the SS."

Parts
 Part 1: In der Kaserne (In the Barracks)
 Part 2: Im Krieg (In War)

Cast
Joachim Fuchsberger as Private I Class / Staff Sergeant / Lieutenant Asch
Helen Vita as Lore Schulz
 Peter Carsten as Corporal Kowalski

Notes

References

External links

Film series introduced in 1954
1950s German-language films
West German films
German World War II films
German film series
Films based on German novels
Films based on military novels
Films directed by Paul May
Film series based on novels
Films with screenplays by Ernst von Salomon
1950s German films
Stanislav Emelianov. Stanislav (Stas) Emelianov is a former professor of biomedical engineering at University of Texas at Austin. He is also the founder of Ultrasound Imaging and Therapeutics Laboratory. Since August 2015, he moved to Georgia Institute of Technology, where he has been appointed as the Joseph M. Pettit Chair in Microelectronics and as a Georgia Research Alliance Eminent Scholar. He is based in the Georgia Tech School of Electrical and Computer Engineering with a joint appointment in the Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Tech and Emory University.

References
 http://ultrasound.bme.utexas.edu/
 https://www.bme.gatech.edu/bme/faculty/Stanislav-Emelianov

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
MAN SX. The SX is a family of high-mobility off-road tactical trucks manufactured by Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles GmbH (RMMV). Production of the type had ended by early 2019. The SX range had its design origins in the MAN KAT1 range of trucks, and for brief periods was marketed as the SX90 or S2000 range of trucks. MAN (now RMMV) claimed it was the most mobile and reliable truck on earth.

For clarity, RMMV is a 49%/51% joint venture established in January 2010 between MAN Nutzfahrzeuge AG (now MAN Truck & Bus) and Rheinmetall AG.

There were 8×8, 6×6, and 4×4 variants, although during later production runs only 6×6 and 8×8 variants were produced. All SX trucks are air-transportable by C-130 Hercules in cargo configuration, with limited preparation in some instances. A 10×10 demonstrator was also built, with a 1000 hp engine, but this did not enter production.

The SX range shared a number of technologies (most visibly, the modular military-specific cab) with the HX, and also the earlier FX, LX and MX families.

The UK MoD ordered large numbers of SX and MAN HX trucks to replace fleets of Foden, Bedford, and DAF Trucks. 7285 had been ordered by April 2010. A 8x8 heavy recovery version has also been built; the UK MoD ordering 288.

An airport firefighting version was also made; firefighting equipment is supplied by Ziegler and Rosenbauer.

See also
 MAN LX and FX ranges of tactical trucks
 Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles (RMMV) HX range of tactical trucks
 MAN KAT1 - Designation for original SX range trucks
 Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles Survivor R - Wheeled armoured MRAP-type vehicle offered by RMMV
 Armoured Multi-Purpose Vehicle (AMPV) - Wheeled light armoured/multi-role vehicle offered by RMMV in a JV with KMW 
 Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles YAK - Wheeled armoured vehicle offered by RMMV
 Boxer - Wheeled armoured vehicle offered by RMMV in a JV with KMW
 Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles - JV of MAN and Rheinmetall for wheeled vehicles
 List of modern equipment of the German Army

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links

 Rheinmetall Defence - Military Mobility Trucks
 Norwegian Army SX
 Rheinmetall Defence 
 

SX
Off-road vehicles
Post–Cold War military vehicles of Germany
Military trucks of Germany
Rheinmetall
MAN SE
Military transport
Military logistics