omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Wafer fabrication equipment. Wafer fabrication equipment is equipment that is used in the process of semiconductor fabrication to process raw semiconductor wafers into finished chips, such as integrated circuits.

Wafer fabrication equipment is meant to be installed in cleanrooms.

Types
 Stepper
 Burn-in oven

Market
Referred to respectively as the wafer fab equipment  or wafer front end  (equipment) market, both using the acronym WFE, the market is that of the manufacturers of the machines which in turn manufacture semiconductors. The apexresearch link in 2020 identified Applied Materials, ASML, KLA-Tencor, Lam Research, TEL and Dainippon Screen Manufacturing as market participants while the 2019 electronicsweekly.com report, citing The Information Network's president Robert Castellano, focused on the respective market shares commanded by the two leaders, Applied Materials and ASML.

See also
 LCD manufacturing
 FOUP

References

Semiconductor fabrication equipment
Semiconductor device fabrication
Titanium tetraazide. Titanium tetraazide is an inorganic chemical compound with the formula . It is a highly sensitive explosive, and has been prepared from titanium tetrafluoride and trimethylsilyl azide via the corresponding fluoride-azide exchange.

Properties 
Titanium tetraazide has been characterized by vibrational spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The compound was predicted in 2003 to be vibrationally stable, and was expected to have a tetrahedral structures containing linear bond angles, contrasting other metal azides which generally feature bent bond angles. After synthesis in 2004, the resulting titanium tetraazide did not exhibit linear bond angles, as the coordination numbers exceeded 4.

References 

azide
titanium
DE1 MRT station. A currently unnamed underground Mass Rapid Transit station in Singapore, coded as DE1, was announced on 6 January 2025. Located in Sungei Kadut, it will serve the Downtown line (DTL) upon its expected opening in 2035.

History 
The concept of a northern DTL extension to the North South line was first touted in the Land Transport Authority's Land Transport Master Plan (LTMP) 2040. Opening by 2035, the station was officially announced alongside Sungei Kadut MRT station on 6 January 2025. With no working name announced, the station is codenamed DE1. It is part of a 4-kilometre extension of the DTL from Bukit Panjang MRT/LRT station, with construction set to begin in the fourth quarter of 2025.

A vehicular and pedestrian bridge will be built to link DE1 to Choa Chu Kang North 7 and Woodlands Road. The station will also be accessible via an additional pedestrian overhead bridge to Yew Tee and cycling paths.

The station will serve current and future amenities in Yew Tee and Sungei Kadut.

References

Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore) stations
Proposed railway stations in Singapore
Shanghai Metro AC13. The 10A01 train (formerly known as AC13) is a model of rolling stock used on the Line 10 of Shanghai Metro. A total of 246 cars (41 sets) were built. It was the first mass-produced unattended train operation (UTO/GoA4) passenger rolling stock in Shanghai.

The subsequent model of rolling stock for Line 10, 10A02, is similar in design to the 10A01, but was built under different contract and has a slightly different outer and interior appearance.

In 2014, AC13 was renamed 10A01.

Description 
AC13 trains have livery in black, light purple and white. The first train delivered on 13 September 2009. By March 2010, 26 trains have been delivered.

By 2022, all trailer car's bulkheads of driver cab have been removed.

Accident 
On 27 September 2011, two southbound trains collided between Yuyuan Garden station and Laoximen station. Cars 100251 and 100961 were damaged. They were repaired and backed for service after the accident.

References 

Shanghai Metro
Electric multiple units of China
1500 V DC multiple units
Alstom multiple units
Train-related introductions in 2010
Mandalgovi–Ulaanbaatar Transmission Line. The Mandalgovi–Ulaanbaatar Transmission Line () or Ulaanbaatar–Mandalgovi Transmission Line () is a transmission line in Mongolia connecting Mandalgovi and Ulaanbaatar.

History
The groundbreaking of the construction of the transmission line was held on 21 June 2017. The transmission line was commissioned and handed over on 18 October 2019. The ceremony was attended by Minister of Energy Ts. Davaasuren, China Ambassador to Mongolia Xing Haiming and Governor of Dundgovi Province O. Bat-Erdene.

Technical specifications
The transmission line stretches for a length of 250 km and includes two substations along its path. It carries AC electricity of 330 kV, Mongolia's highest voltage level for electricity transmission.

Finance
The transmission line was constructed with US$5.95 million funding from the Government of Mongolia and US$113.04 million soft loan from Export–Import Bank of China.

See also
 Electricity sector in Mongolia

References

2019 establishments in Mongolia
Energy infrastructure completed in 2019
High-voltage transmission lines in Mongolia
Choir–Sainshand Transmission Line. The Choir–Sainshand Transmission Line () is a transmission line in Mongolia connecting Choir and Sainshand.

History
The construction of the transmission line is expected to start in 2025 and completed by 2027.

Technical specifications
The transmission line will have a total length of 220 km with voltage level of 220 kV. It will be a double circuit line. It will also include the construction of substations in both towns.

Finance
The construction of the transmission line will be financed by funds from the European Union, European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and various donors with a total amount of EUR79.67 million.

See also
 Electricity sector in Mongolia

References

Buildings and structures under construction in Mongolia
High-voltage transmission lines in Mongolia
Segmented liquid-crystal display. A segmented liquid-crystal display (segmented LCD) is a type of liquid-crystal display commonly used for showing numerical or limited character information, primarily in devices like calculators and digital watches.

Segmented LCDs often display information in a one-line format. They can have 7-segment digits, or 14- or 16-segment characters. Segments can be arbitrary shapes and sizes.

Segmented LCDs were built into the Game & Watch series of handheld electronic games.

HP produced segmented LCDs for the HP-41C series of calculators.


Construction
8- and 16-segment LCDs are made as a stack of two glass sheets, each patterned with transparent electrodes, typically using indium tin oxide (ITO). Liquid crystal is filled between the two sheets. Typically, the rear glass is all one common electrode.

Layers

History

See Liquid-crystal display#History.

The first liquid crystal display was developed by a team of engineers led by George Heilmeier.

References

Liquid crystal displays
AN/ALR-46. AN/ALR-46 is a radar warning receiver (RWR) that processes received signals from up to 16 hostile radar emitters in the 218 GHz frequency range to determine threats to the aircraft. Originally manufactured by Litton Industries and General Instruments, Dalmo-Victor division (now Northrop Grumman), it has been used on several U.S. Air Force aircraft including the A-7D Corsair, B-52 Stratofortress, C-130 Hercules, F-4 Phantom II, F-104 Starfighter, F-105 Thunderchief, F-111 Aardvark and RF-4 Phantom II and others.

History
The first battlefield operational testing of the ALR-46 occurred in August 1972 when a team of Dalmo-Victor and Warner Robins engineers installed the system on F-104G aircraft dubbed "Wild Weasels". Flight testing took place against threats in the Suez Canal area and Egypt. By January 1973, the system had proven reliable and accurate enough to be deployed to an F-105G in Southeast Asia (SEA).

In accordance with the Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), the "AN/ALR-46" designation represents the 46th design of an Army-Navy electronic device for passive countermeasures signal receiver. The JETDS system also now is used to name all Department of Defense electronic systems.

In 1999, the Situational Awareness Defensive Initiative (SADI) program was created to significantly upgrade the ALR-46. The program was valued at $48 million in 2000, and was expected to run through 2003. Improving situational awareness was the "highest priority modification needed for the B-52".

Technical description

Features
The ALR-46 receiver set allows aircrew to detect the presence of up to 16 threat radars and identify certain characteristics of those radars.

Components
 4 Amplifier/Detectors
 Signal processor
 Indicator control
 Azimuth indicator

See also

List of military electronics of the United States

References

External links
 GlobalSecurity.org - B-52 specifications

Electronic warfare equipment
Military electronics of the United States
Equipment of the United States Air Force
Electronic countermeasures
Military equipment introduced in the 1970s
Radar warning receivers
Radiofrequency receivers
Ece Yaprak. Ece Tadik Yaprak is an American computer engineer and engineering educator. She is a professor of engineering technology at Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan where she chairs the Engineering Technology Division of the College of Engineering.

Education and career
Yaprak is the daughter of Kevser and Muhiddin Tadik; her mother, Kevser, was a mathematics tutor. Their family emigrated from Turkey to the US in the early to mid 1970s.

Yaprak majored in electrical engineering at the University of Michigan–Dearborn, graduating in 1980, and began working professionally for General Electric. Returning to graduate study in computer engineering at Wayne State University, she received a master's degree in 1984, and then worked for the Ford Motor Company before completing her Ph.D. in 1989.

Career and later life
Yaprak returned to Wayne State as a faculty member in 1993. She became chair of the Engineering Technology Division in 2017.

Her involvement in engineering accreditation begain in 2002. From 2010 to 2012 she chaired the IEEE Committee on Engineering Technology Accreditation Activities. She was a program director in the National Science Foundation Division of Undergraduate Education from 2015 to 2017. In 2023, she was elected to the board of directors of ABET.

Recognition
Yaprak was named to the 2025 class of IEEE Fellows "for leadership in engineering technology accreditation and education".

References

External links
Home page

Turkish emigrants to the United States
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American electrical engineers
American women engineers
Women electrical engineers
Computer engineers
University of Michigan–Dearborn alumni
Wayne State University alumni
Wayne State University faculty
Fellows of the IEEE
Erdenet Wastewater Treatment Facility. The Erdenet Wastewater Treatment Facility () is a wastewater treatment plant in Erdenet, Orkhon Province, Mongolia.

History
The plant was established in 1976. In 2010–2016, the plant underwent renovation and was upgraded.

Technical specifications
The plant has a daily water processing capacity of 24,000 m2.

See also
 Environmental issues in Mongolia

References

1976 establishments in Mongolia
Buildings and structures in Orkhon Province
Erdenet
Infrastructure completed in 1976
Sewage treatment plants in Mongolia
Shyam Steel. Shyam Steel Industries Ltd. is an Indian iron and steel company that is engaged in the manufacturing and marketing of iron and steel products. It was established in 1953 and is headquartered in Kolkata. It produces TMT Bar, Billets, Sponge Iron and Ferro Alloys.

History 
Shyam Steel was founded in 1953 by Shriram Beriwal with its first factory in Howrah, West Bengal. Later in 1960, his younger brother Shyam Sunder Beriwala joined the company. The company established its Steel Manufacturing Plant in Durgapur, West Bengal in 2005.

The company is associated with the largest institutional projects and public sector undertakings such as National Highway Authority of India (NHAI), railways, military engineering services, Nuclear Power Corporation of India (NPCI) and various state governments.

In Dec 2023, Shyam Steel received GreenPro Certification from the Confederation of Indian Industry.

In 2024, Mamata Banerjee, Chief Minister of West Bengal inaugurated Shyam Steel's fifth integrated plant in Purulia district. It encompasses an area of 600 acres with a capacity of 1.19 million tons.

In December 2022, the company featured Virat Kohli and Anushka Sharma for its branding and promotion.

In March 2023, Shyam Steel was announced the principal sponsor for Lucknow Super Giants in the 2023 Indian Premier League.

Philanthropy
Shyam Steel supported various CSR initiatives in the fields of health, education, rural sanitation, and women empowerment. The company donated to Friends of Tribal Society, Shri Ram Janmbhoomi Teerth Kshetra, Ramakrishna Mission Sevashram, Jagannath Temple, Puri and underprivileged women to support education, health, and social development.

In 2021, Shyam Steel donated to Assam Chief Minister's Relief Fund during COVID-19 pandemic in India.

References

Steel companies of India
Companies based in Kolkata
Manufacturing companies based in Kolkata
Manufacturing companies established in 1953
Indian companies established in 1953
1953 establishments in India
Morten Wierød. Morten Wierød (born 1972 in Skien) is a Norwegian business executive, who is president and chief executive officer of the Swedish-Swiss industrial group ABB. He succeeded Björn Rosengren as ABB CEO in August 2024. He has been a member of ABB's Executive Committee (EC) since 2019, and has run two of its business areas, Electrification and Motion.

Early life and education 
Wierød graduated from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) in 1997 with a master's degree in electrical engineering.

Career 
Wierød joined ABB as a graduate engineer in 1998, ten years after BBC (Brown, Boveri & Cie) of Switzerland and ASEA of Sweden merged to form ABB. His first job was as an area sales manager at ABB in Norway. Within five years, he was put in charge of an ABB factory near Oslo and prevented its potential closure. In 2008, he moved to ABB's subsidiary in China, where he served as Local Business Unit Manager for the Low Voltage Products Division.

In 2011, he moved to Switzerland, where he took on the role of Managing Director for the Control Products business unit within the Low Voltage Products Division. He advanced to managing director of the Drives business unit in the Robotics and Motion division in 2015, and in 2019, he was appointed president of the Motion business area, simultaneously joining ABB's Group Executive Committee. In 2022, Wierød became President of the Electrification business area.

In the two years that he was in charge of ABB's Electrification business, Wierød increased revenues by 15 percent and the operational EBITA margin from 16 to 20 percent.

Since August 2024, Wierød has been CEO of ABB Ltd in Switzerland, having succeeded Björn Rosengren. As CEO, he announced that he would maintain the decentralized operating model introduced by Rosengren and advance the company's growth through investments and acquisitions.

Personal life 
Wierød is married to a biophysicist, and the couple have two sons.

References

External links 
 Wierød in Munzinger-Archiv

1972 births
Norwegian businesspeople
Norwegian men by occupation
living people
Norwegian engineers
Norwegian University of Science and Technology alumni
NEXTSat-1. NEXTSat-1 () is a small satellite developed by the KAIST Satellite Technology Research Center in South Korea.

History

Development 
NEXTSat-1 was developed to study the birth of Stars and space storms, and to verify the performance of key components of satellites. A total of 32.4 billion won was invested in satellite development.

Development began in June 2012, and satellite assembly and performance testing were completed in July 2017.

On October 21, 2018, it arrived at the launch site, Vandenberg Space Force Base, on October 21, 2018.

Launch 
It was launched on December 4, 2018, at approximately 3:34 a.m. from Vandenberg Air Force Base aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9. First contact was made 80 minutes later with the Svalbard Ground Station of Norway, in the North Pole, and the second contact was made approximately 100 minutes later.

At 10:05 a.m., 6 hours and 31 minutes after launch, the satellite successfully entered a normal orbit at an altitude of 575 km through its first communication with a domestic ground station. The KAIST Satellite Technology Research Center confirmed that the solar panels were normally deployed and the satellite's overall condition, including battery voltage and internal temperature, was good.

Three CubeSats selected by Seoul National University and Korea Aerospace University in the 2015 CubeSat Competition were launched along with NEXTSat-1. The main missions of these CubeSats are to conduct various research such as exploration of areas of interest, verification of dual-frequency GPS receivers, and observation of discharge phenomena in the upper atmosphere above the stratosphere.

The three-dimensional stacked memory developed by KAIST, the high-precision star tracker developed by Satrec Initiative for satellite attitude control, and the standard onboard computer manufactured by AP Satellite as a satellite brain were all loaded for testing in the extreme environment of space.

Design and missions 
The local production rate of parts is 95%. NEXTSat-1 carries a space storm research payload that measures cosmic radiation and Plasma. Additionally, it is designed so that the payloads within the satellite can be directly inserted into another satellite and start operating immediately.

NEXTSat-1 has a mission to measure cosmic radiation and plasma conditions due to solar flares for about two years, and to send various observation data that can be used to forecast space weather and examine the impact of space environments on Earth. In addition, it has a payload that observes the Near-infrared band, and one of its main missions is to provide image data to domestic related organizations by studying the history of star birth and the formation and evolution of Galaxies.

References 

KAIST
Satellites of South Korea
Horne Smelter. The Horne Smelter () is an industrial complex in Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec. It is Canada's only copper smelter, and the largest processor of metals from electronic scrap in North America.

History 
The smelter is named after prospector Edmund Horne. The first copper pour took place on December 17, 1927.

Operations 

The smelter produces copper anodes of 99.1% purity. Its feedstock consists of both copper concentrate sourced from mines and shredded electronic waste.  Copper from electronic scrap comprises 15% of its production.

In addition to copper and other metals, the facility also produces sulfuric acid. Commissioned in 1989, production from the sulfuric acid plant amounts to 640,000 metric tons per year, recovering some 96% of the sulfur generated by the smelting process.

Economic impact 

The smelter employs around 650 people.  Its economic benefit has been placed at $500 million per year.

Environmental issues 
A June 2022 study published by Quebec's public health body, the , showed that the smelter had exposed the town of Rouyn-Noranda to harmful levels of arsenic and cadmium for decades, resulting in elevated levels of lung cancer.

References 

Pollution in Canada
Air pollution
Environment of Quebec
Economy of Quebec
Casting (manufacturing)
M. Nurul Huda. M. Nurul Huda is a former secretary and former Chairman of the Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakkha (RAJUK).

Early life
Huda completed his bachelor's in civil engineering at Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology in 1974.

Career
Huda joined Roads and Highways Department as an assistant engineer in 1975. He was the project director of Buriganga Bridge, Balu River Bridge, Jhilmil Residential Area, Uttara Model Town (third phrase), Purbachal 300 feet road project, and Dhaka Detail Area Plan. The Commission recommended filling case against him and secretary Khondaker Showkat Hossain. He served as the chairman of Institution of Engineers, Bangladesh in Dhaka.

In 2009, Huda was appointed chairman of the Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakkha (RAJUK). He oversaw the construction of Hatirjheel and Kuril Flyover. He worked as an engineer for the Public Works Department. He terminated a contract of Ena Properties, owned by Awami League member of parliament M Enamul Haque.

In April 2014, Huda retired as the chairman of RAJUK. He had denied corruption allegations against him and while the Anti-Corruption Commission director of investigation M Shahabuddin denied the existence of any formal investigation against Huda. The Commission questioned him and Minister Abdul Mannan Khan. GM Jainul Abedin Bhuiyan replaced Huda as the chairman of Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakkha.

The Anti-Corruption Commission began an investigation into Huda in March 2015 over his wealth and registration of two plots in Purbachal for him and his wife. Nasir Khan had complained that Huda had demanded 20 million BDT from him. He also ignored Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina's instruction to allocate land to independent working women and cancelled allocations from 1999 to 2005. The commission cleared him in 2016 after his wife surrendered her allocated plot.

Huda is the chairperson of Delight Engineers and Consultants Limited. He is the advisor of S. S. International Trading.

References 

Living people
Bangladeshi civil servants
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology alumni
Korean Lunar Exploration Program. Korean Lunar Exploration Program () is led by the Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI), which develops lunar orbiters and landers. The plan includes the Danuri, a lunar lander launched in 2022, and the lunar probe, which is scheduled to be launched in 2032.

Lunar orbiter 

 
South Korea's first lunar orbiter is named Danuri and its main mission is to perform various scientific and technological missions, including lunar observation. Danuri is equipped with payloads developed by research institutes in South Korea. Major payloads include a high-resolution camera from the Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI), a wide-field polarimetric camera from the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI), a magnetic field measuring instrument from Kyung Hee University, a gamma-ray spectrometer from the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, and a space internet from the Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute.

It was launched on August 4, 2022 from the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. As of August 5, 2023, its total flight distance was 38.01 million kilometers, and it sent 2,576 high-resolution photos of the Moon to Earth. Danuri is carrying out scientific and technological missions such as exploring lunar landing sites, conducting lunar scientific research, and verifying space internet  technology.

Danuri's mission period was originally scheduled to end in late 2023, but was extended to end in 2025 due to remaining fuel and other factors.

Lunar lander 

KARI plans to launch the Korean lunar probe, a lunar lander, in 2032 using the KSLV-III. Once the preliminary design of the lunar lander is completed by 2027, the detailed design of the lunar lander is planned to be completed by 2029, after which full-scale production and testing will begin.

See also 

 South Korean space program

References 

 
Space program of South Korea
Proposed spacecraft