omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
QTOL. Quiet take off and landing is a concept originating with the new generation of advanced technology engines which emit a reduction of noise levels compared to conventional turbojet and turbofan engines. Most of the main aircraft industries are developing these type of engines while the airframe manufacturers also have various new designs intended to use advanced technology engines. Apart from adapting the new engines with their twin/triple spools, methods of reducing noise include installing variable pitch fan blades to existing engine designs.

Examples of this have previously been undertaken by the firm Dowty Rotol, who by changing the position of the engine, sometimes to above the wing, as on the VFW-Fokker 614, or even back into the wing as on a number of older designs such as the De Havilland Comet and V bombers.

See also
 Continuous descent approach
 Stealth aircraft
 Cloaking device

References

Types of take-off and landing
Liquified gas electrolyte. A liquified gas electrolyte (LGE) is a battery/capacitor electrolyte made by compressing an ambient pressure gas into liquid form. Candidate gases are those composed of reasonably polar molecules that can be liquified at pressures low enough to be accommodate in a standard battery can.

Research 
One study reported on a liquified hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) electrolyte . HFCs features relatively strong chemical bonds and a large electrochemical window that protect them from oxidation/reduction across charge/discharge cycles. It combined a moderate relative permittivity with low viscosity to produce a dielectric-fluidity factor and conductivity higher than existing solvents. Because of its low melting point, it has the potential for improved operation at low temperatures.Difluoromethane ()) was able to operate at a range of temperatures from –78° to +65 °C at 3.0 volts.  Fluoromethane () showed dendrite-free ~97% platting and stripping efficiency on lithium metal over hundreds of cycles It further achieved good cycling and rate performance on a cathode with discharge capacity retention of 60.6% at –60 °C. It reported that conductivity reversibly ended at high temperature as the salt precipitated near the supercritical point (~+40° to 80 °C), reducing the potential for thermal runaway. However, the material's high saturated vapor pressure was a fire risk.

A later study by the same lab reviewed nonflammable 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane and pentafluoroethane and reported >3 mS cm−1 ionic conductivity from −78 to +80 °C. Lithium cycling maintained >99% coulombic efficiency for over 200 cycles at 3 mA cm−2 and 3 mAh cm−2. Li/NMC622 full batteries demonstrated stable cycling from −60 to +55 °C.

See also 

 Lithium ion battery

References

External links 

 
 
 

Electrolytes
Gas technologies
Marina Thottan. Marina Kuriakkose Thottan is a computer scientist specializing in the performance, management, and security of computer networks and smart grids. She is a principal research scientist at Amazon Web Services.

Education and career
Thottan has a Ph.D. from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, completed in 2000. Her dissertation, Fault Detection and Prediction for the Management of Computer Networks, was supervised by Chuanyi Ji.

She became a researcher for Bell Labs in 1999, and became vice president of network and security research there before moving to her present position at Amazon.

Book
With Kenneth C. Budka and Jayant G. Deshpande, Thottan is coauthor of the book Communication Networks for Smart Grids: Making Smart Grid Real (Springer, 2014).

Recognition
Thottan is a Bell Labs Fellow.  She was elected as an IEEE Fellow, in the 2018 class of fellows, "for leadership in high-speed internet-protocol networks".

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American computer scientists
American women computer scientists
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni
Scientists at Bell Labs
Amazon (company) people
Fellows of the IEEE
Cyril Hogarth. Cyril Alfred Hogarth (22 January 1924 – 6 November 2006) was a British physicist and chairman of South Bucks District Council. A pioneer in the field of oxide semiconductors, he was a professor, head of the physics department, and administrator at Brunel University London, where he worked for 31 years.

Early life and education 
Hogarth was born in 1924, and grew up in Tottenham, north London. He was educated at Tottenham County School. Hogarth earned a degree from the University of London. 

In 1948, he received a PhD from Queen Mary University of London, studying with Professor J. P. Andrews. That year, Hogarth's theoretical solution for determining the dependence of thermoelectric power of cadmium oxide on ambient oxygen pressure was published in Nature and in Philosophical Magazine. He later received a doctor of science degree in 1977.

Career 
From 1943 to 1946, Hogarth worked on naval radar and countermeasures in the UK, Canada, the US and the Arctic. After earning his PhD, he lectured at Chelsea College of Science and Technology and the University of Reading, before spending some years at the Royal Radar Establishment.

Hogarth was "closely involved" in the founding of Brunel University London from 1958, its first professor of physics, head of its physics department, and its pro vice-chancellor for a year in 1980.

In 1969, Hogarth was elected as vice-president of the Institute of Physics and the Physical Society. 

Hogarth retired from Brunel University in 1989, but continued his research and published articles regularly through the mid-1990s. In 1990 and 1991 alone, he published 17 and 13 articles, respectively, in the Journal of Materials Science. In addition to semiconductors, his research focused on materials and their properties.

Personal life and death 
In 1951, Cyril married Dr Audrey Hogarth (1926 – 2010), who had a doctorate in dairy bacteriology from Reading University. The Hogarths lived in Gerrards Cross, where Audrey served as a magistrate for 29 years. They had three children together: Celia Stuart-Lee, a teacher; Adrian Hogarth, a lawyer; and Yvonne, who died in 1994.

Cyril Hogarth was chairman of the Gerrards Cross Conservative Association and served as a district councillor in South Bucks for 20 years. He died on 6 November 2006, immediately after a parish council meeting, most likely from a heart attack, at the age of 82.

Selected publications 

 Alani, SKJ; Hogarth, CA; Elmalawany, RA (1985). Journal of Materials Science 20(2):661.
 Anastasiadis, C; Triantis, D; Hogarth, CA (2007). "Comments on the phenomena underlying pressure stimulated currents (PSC) in dielectric rock materials". Journal of Materials Science 42.
 Khan, MN; Harani, R; Ahmed, MM; Hogarth, CA (1985). Journal of Materials Science 20(6):2207.

References

1924 births
2006 deaths
British physicists
Academics of Brunel University London
Academics of the University of London
People from Tottenham
Alumni of Queen Mary University of London
Academics of the University of Reading
Semiconductor physicists
Caterham Project V. The Caterham Project V is an upcoming electric sports car to be produced by Caterham Cars and it is set to be released in late 2025.

Presentation
On 7 June 2023, Caterham Cars announced that the Project V would be presented on 12 July 2023, with production starting in 2025.

The Project V is the work of French designer Anthony Jannarelly, co-founder of the Jannarelly brand, which produces the Design-1, and became Caterham's chief of design in November 2022.

References

Electric sports cars
Cars introduced in 2023
Project V
Snipe Diamond. The Diamond was a British single seat ultralight aircraft, developed by Arthur Luff in the 1980s.  It was notable for its radical design.

Design and development
Arthur Luff, a former Rolls Royce engineer and an RAF gliding instructor, designed a closed wing aircraft. Originally called the Snipe, it was later termed the Diamond, in acknowledgement of the wings' configuration. The aircraft featured two wings, of equal span and chord, with the front wing swept back by 20° and the rear wing swept forward by 20°.  The wings were joined at the wingtip, where tip rudders were located. The aircraft had a fully enclosed fuselage, and was equipped with a single engine, powering a tractor propeller, and had a tricycle undercarriage. The aircraft featured three-axis control, with pitch control being by elevators on the rear wing; roll control by ailerons located on the outboard wings; directional control by rudders incorporated into the wingtip fins.

Operational history
The prototype made its maiden flight in 1985. According to Flightline, in its issue dated July–August 1985, an order for 15 aircraft had been received from the Middle East. Since 1985, no further news about the craft has appeared.

Specifications

See also

References

Mid-wing aircraft
1980s British ultralight aircraft
1980s British sport aircraft
 Aircraft first flown in 1985
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Closed-wing aircraft
Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Operational design domain. Operational design domain (ODD) is a term for a particular operating context for an automated system, often used in the field of autonomous vehicles. The context is defined by a set of conditions, including environmental, geographical, time of day, and other conditions. For vehicles, traffic and roadway characteristics are included. Manufacturers use ODD to indicate where/how their product operates safely. A given system may operate differently according to the immediate ODD.

The concept presumes that automated systems have limitations. Relating system function to the ODD it supports is important for developers and regulators to establish and communicate safe operating conditions. Systems should operate within those limitations. Some systems recognize the ODD and modify their behavior accordingly. For example, an autonomous car might recognize that traffic is heavy and disable its automated lane change feature. 

ODD is used for cars, for ships, trains, agricultural robots, and other robots.

Definitions
Various regulators have offered definitions of related terms:

Examples
In 2022, Mercedes-Benz announced a product with an ODD of Level 3 autonomous driving at 130 km/h.

See also
 Scenario (vehicular automation)

References

Vehicular automation
Technical specifications
Robotics engineering
Microsoft AI for Earth. Microsoft AI For Earth Programme is a private project launched in July 2017 that uses Microsoft AI for earth and people related studies. Microsoft has allocated a $50 million budget for the programs.

AI for Earth has developed "the Planetary Computer", it offers APIs, data catalogs through azure storage and open source tools.

Initially Microsoft had invested $2 million but then started a "expanded strategic approach".

The initiative has 50 partnerships, 950 projects

See also 

 AI for Good

References

Microsoft cloud services
Scenario (vehicular automation). In the field of vehicular automation a scenario denotes a sequence of snapshots of the environment and the actions of a vehicle. Scenarios are created to represent real-world situations and are used for development, testing, and validation purposes.

Standards

Operational design domain
According to ASAM's OpenODD concept paper, scenarios are related to operational design domain. However, they are not the same. Defining the appropriate behavior of actors within an ODD creates a scenario that is not dependent on any ODD definition.

History

In 2022, Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research announced scenario-based safety validation of self-driving trucks in cooperation with Torc Robotics.

See also
 Verification and validation

References

Vehicular automation
Robotics
Technical specifications
Peiying Zhu. Peiying Zhu is a communications engineer whose work has involved the development of 4G, 5G, and 6G cellular networks. Educated in China and Canada, she works in Canada as senior vice president of wireless research for Huawei.

Education and career
Zhu has a master's degree from Southeast University in China, earned in 1985. She completed a Ph.D. at Concordia University in Canada in 1993. Her dissertation, Motion analysis from a sequence of range images, was jointly supervised by Tony Kasvand and Adam Krzyzak.

She worked for Nortel until 2009, becoming a Nortel Fellow and director of advanced wireless access technology. In 2009, she moved to Huawei, where she is Huawei Fellow and senior vice president of wireless research. She is also director for industry outreach in the IEEE Communications Society.

Recognition
Zhu was elected as an IEEE Fellow, in the 2018 class of fellows, "for leadership in wireless communications systems". She is also a Fellow of the Canadian Academy of Engineering.

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Chinese electrical engineers
Canadian electrical engineers
Canadian women engineers
Women electrical engineers
Southeast University alumni
Concordia University alumni
Fellows of the Canadian Academy of Engineering
Fellows of the IEEE
20th-century Chinese women engineers
21st-century Chinese women engineers
20th-century Chinese engineers
21st-century Chinese engineers
20th-century Canadian women engineers
21st-century Canadian women engineers
20th-century Canadian engineers
21st-century Canadian engineers
IEEE P80. IEEE standard P80 is a technical standard of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), governing outdoor AC substations (although under special circumstances it may also be applied to indoor AC substations). It was last approved on the 28th September, 2017. The standard governs requirements for the grounding and insulation of substations for safety purposes. The standard, along with IEEE P81, is widely used within the industry in power applications.

Specifications 
For AC currents at the frequency used for power grids (i.e. 50 or 60 Hz), the threshold of lethality for current passing through the human body is only 0.1 A, although this value can be much higher for short surges, or for higher frequencies. As a result, the standard recommends an emphasis on fast fault clearing time in order to reduce both the probability and duration of any potential exposure of humans to dangerous fault current.

In general, a system of horizontal grid conductors and vertical rods and electrodes is recommended. Ths is to reduce the aforementioned fault clearing time, as well as ensuring that there are multiple paths for a high fault current to dissipate, ensuring that ground potential gradients dangerous to those standing near the substation will not occur. An example implementation given consists of copper rods buried 0.3-0.5m below ground, and spaced 3-7m apart. In situations where space is at a premium, or other difficulties prevent the construction of a proper grounding grid, ground rods may be driven in deeper, and a wire mat may also be used.

References 

IEEE standards
Shawn Blanton. Shawn (Ronald) Blanton is an American computer engineer and electrical engineer,
Associate Department Head for Research and Joseph F. and Nancy Keithley Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the Carnegie Mellon University. His research interests include integrated system testing, testable design, and test methodology development.

Education
Blanton obtained a B.S. degree in Engineering from Calvin College in 1987. He obtained an M.S. degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering from University of Arizona in 1989. In 1995, Blanton received his Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. John P. Hayes was his doctoral adviser.

Awards and honors

Blanton received the National Science Foundation CAREER Award in 1997, and IBM Faculty Partnership Awards in 2005 and 2006. He is an IEEE Fellow.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American electrical engineers
Fellows of the IEEE
Carnegie Mellon University  faculty
University of Michigan alumni
SenseGlove. SenseGlove is a Dutch technology company that develops and manufactures wearable hand haptic products for use in virtual reality (VR), VR/AR training, research and other applications. The company is headquartered in Delft, Netherlands.

Overview 
SenseGlove develops force and haptic feedback gloves that enable to emulate natural feelings for users interacting with virtual objects. This includes the sense of its size, stiffness, and resistance.

Their products are mainly used for enterprise training in automotive, aviation, defense, healthcare and research sectors.

History 

SenseGlove was initially a graduation project of its two founders, Johannes Luijten and Gijs den Butter, at the Delft University of Technology. The initial working prototype was introduced in 2017 when developers aimed to create a rehabilitation device for stroke victims. The company's first haptic force-feedback glove, SenseGlove DK1, was designed as an exoskeleton for hands that was capable of providing haptic sensations and had the functions of fingers tracking, vibrotactile feedback and force-feedback. It was mainly used for research and telerobotics applications.

In 2021, SenseGlove announced SenseGlove Nova, a new version of haptic force-feedback gloves designed for VR training purposes. It was redesigned to be wireless and more compact than DK1.

In 2022, DK1 has been used in a project that won Ana Avatar XPrize by X Prize Foundation.

In his Dope Tech review in 2022, Marques Brownlee, an American tech commentator, reviewed the SenseGlove and praised the technology behind the product. While CNET observer after testing the SenseGlove Nova commented that haptic technology is yet to become a common fixture in home VR setups.

In May 2023 SenseGlove announced the second generation of Nova – the “Nova 2.” The Nova 2 features palm feedback to simulate a feeling inside the user's hand and provide an increased level of realism in virtual training, research, and social multiplayer interactions.

Products 
SenseGlove Nova is a wireless haptic glove that is able to provide force feedback (by applying resistance through its magnetic friction brakes). Its vibrotactile feedback renders the feeling of realistic button clicks, vibrations, and impact simulations.

SenseGlove Nova 2 is equipped with active contact feedback, a feature that comes in addition to force-feedback and vibrotactile-feedback which are already key features of the Nova. This function, as developers describe it, impact user's palms physically depending on the virtual objects being carried that makes one feel it even more realistic.

References 

Companies of the Netherlands
Information technology
Virtual reality companies
Virtual reality accessories
Virtual reality
Thioquinanthrene. Thioquinanthrene, also known as thiochinathren, is an aromatic organic chemical compound. It has the chemical formula C18H10N2S2 and reacts with alcoholates or alkoxides. One of the key uses is to act as a catalyst poison in the Rosenmund reduction. It has the IUPAC name of 2,13-dithia-10,21-diazapentacyclo[12.8.0.03,12.04,9.015,20]docosa-1(14),3(12),4,6,8,10,15,17,19,21-decaene.

Rosenmund catalyst poison
In the Rosenmeund reaction, an acid chloride is reduced to an aldehyde. Continuing the reduction produces an alcohol. This further reaction is undesirable as the alcohol will now react with the acyl chloride to produce the unwanted ester product. For this reaction (over reduction) to be prevented, the catalyst needs to be poisoned. Thioquinanthrene was used initially, although other materials have been used since.

References 

Aromatic compounds
Catalysis
Heterocyclic compounds with 5 rings
Dithiins
Nitrogen heterocycles
Quinolines
Yngvar G. Lundh. Yngvar Gundro Lundh (19 March 1932 – 15 August 2020)  was a Norwegian engineer and technology pioneer. He was known for bringing Internet to Norway as the second country after USA, and for developing one of Norway's first computing devices.  In 2021 he was inducted in the Internet Hall of Fame.

Life

Background
Grew up close to Tønsberg (1932–1938), in Son, Norway (1938–1949) and in Råde, as the firstborn son of a farmer. He graduated in low-voltage electronics at Norges tekniske høgskole (NTH) in Trondheim in 1956.

Career
Lundh worked as a scientist at Forsvarets forskningsinstitutt (FFI, 1957–1984) and was guest lecturer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1958) and Bell Labs (1970).

He was chief engineer in Televerket/Telenor 1985-1996 and run a consulting service after that Vista Telematikk. He was professor II in informatics at UiO from 1980, and started teaching in microelectronics and computer-networking.

He was a radio amateur with the callsign LA7ZC.

References

External links 
 Yngvar G. Lundh - Internet hall of fame
 Yngvar Lundh - Store norske leksikon
 Dag Andreassen: Internett med norske pionerer - Teknisk Museums homepage
 Rolf Skar: Yngvar Lundh er den mest sentrale person innen norsk it noen gang - digi.no 10. April 2017
 Heradstveit, Per Øyvind (1985) Eventyret Norsk Data En bit av fremtiden J.M.Stenersens Forlag A/S ISBN 82-7201-040-2

1932 births
2020 deaths
Molybdenum oxytetrafluoride. Molybdenum oxytetrafluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula MoOF4.  It is a white, diamagnetic solid. According to X-ray crystallography, it is a coordination polymer consisting of a linear chain of alternating Mo and F atoms.  Each Mo center is octahedral, the coordination sphere being defined by oxide, three terminal fluorides, and two bridging fluorides.  In contrast to this motif, tungsten oxytetrafluoride crystallizes as a tetramer, again with bridging fluoride ligands.

Reactions
The acetonitrile adduct of molybdenum oxytetrafluoride can be prepared by treating molybdenum hexafluoride with hexamethyldisiloxane in acetonitrile:

Molybdenum oxytetrafluoride is susceptible to hydrolysis to give molybdenum difluoride dioxide.

References

Metal halides
Molybdenum(VI) compounds
Oxyfluorides
Coordination polymers
Janet Barth. Janet L. Barth  (née McCumber) is a retired American radiation engineer who became the first female chief of engineering at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.

Education and career
Barth was a 1967 graduate of Mason County Central High School in Scottville, Michigan.
After beginning her college studies as a biology student at the University of Michigan, Barth switched to the University of Maryland, College Park, where she graduated with a degree in mathematics in 1978. Meanwhile, she had become a co-op student at the Goddard Space Flight Center, and after graduation she became a radiation and hardness assurance engineer there.

At Goddard, she worked for the NASA Electronic Parts and Packaging, involving radiation hardening for electronic components, and helped author an influential white paper on heliophysics research. She became project manager for a project studying the effects of radiation on spacecraft in 2001, and branch head of engineering in 2002, for the Flight Data Systems and Radiation Effects branch. As branch head, she led the development of the systems of the James Webb Space Telescope for commanding the telescope and handling its data. She was promoted again to chief of the division of electrical engineering in 2010, becoming the center's first female chief of engineering.

She was president of the  IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society for the 2013–2014 term, before retiring in 2014. In her retirement, she has worked on the advisory board for aerospace company Miller Engineering and Research (MERC).

Recognition
Barth was elected as an IEEE Fellow, in the 2017 class of fellows, "for leadership in spacecraft reliability and electronic systems". She is a distinguished lecturer of the IEEE Nuclear & Plasma Sciences Society.

The Goddard Space Flight Center gave her the Robert H. Goddard Award of Merit in 2014. She was the 2022 recipient of the Richard F. Shea Distinguished Member Award of the IEEE Nuclear & Plasma Sciences Society.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American electrical engineers
American women engineers
Women electrical engineers
21st-century women engineers
University of Maryland, College Park alumni
Goddard Space Flight Center people
Fellows of the IEEE