omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Rajesh K. Gupta. Rajesh K. Gupta (born 1961) is a computer scientist and engineer, currently the Qualcomm Professor in Embedded Microsystems at University of California, San Diego. His research concerns design and optimization of cyber-physical systems (CPS). He is a Principal Investigator in the NSF MetroInsight project and serves as Associate Director of the Qualcomm Institute (also known as California Institute for Telecommunications and Information Technology). His research contributions include SystemC and SPARK Parallelizing High-level Synthesis. Earlier he led NSF Expeditions on Variability in Microelectronic circuits.

He was the inaugural co-director of the UC San Diego Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute along with Cognitive Science professor Jeffrey Elman. In addition, he chaired the Computer Science and Engineering department at UC San Diego until 2016, during a time of extraordinary growth in computer science nationwide.

He holds INRIA International Chair at the French international research institute in Rennes, Bretagne Atlantique. He is a Fellow of the IEEE, a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery and a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. In 2019 he received the IEEE W. Wallace McDowell Award for his "seminal contributions in design and implementation of Microelectronic Systems-on-Chip and Cyberphysical Systems." He also served on the Engineering and Computer Science jury for the Infosys Prize, from 2014 to 2018.

Education
Gupta received a BTech (1984) in Electrical Engineering from IIT Kanpur, an MS (1986) in EECS from UC Berkeley, and a PhD (1994) in Electrical Engineering from Stanford.

References

Books 
 SPARK: A Parallelizing Approach to the High-Level Synthesis of Digital Circuits, by Sumit Gupta, Rajesh K. Gupta, Nikil Dutt, Alex Nicolau, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004
 High-Level Verification, Methods and Tools for Verification of System-Level Designs, by Sudipta Kundu, Sorin Lerner, Rajesh K. Gupta
 Co-Synthesis of Hardware and Software for Digital Embedded Systems, by Rajesh Kumar Gupta
 Formal Methods and Models for System Design by Rajesh Gupta, Paul Le Guernic, Sandeep Kumar Shukla, Jean-Pierre Talpin
 From Variability Tolerance to Approximate Computing in Parallel Integrated Architectures and Accelerators by Abbas Rahimi, Luca Benini, Rajesh K. Gupta

External links

 Gupta's webpage
 Revolutionizing how we keep track of time in cyber-physical systems
 San Diego Struggles to Keep Its Young Tech Talent
 Analysts fear even bigger cyber attacks are coming
 Do people want to talk to Bots?
 PCs that work while they sleep
 Moneta system points to the future of computer storage
 Want to date your smartphone?
 Gift to transform UCSD Computer Science
 How much life is left in Moore's Law?
 Interview: Future of CPS, History and Passage of Time
 Origins Podcast

American computer scientists
21st-century American engineers
American science writers
Living people
University of California, Davis faculty
2016 fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
1961 births
American people of Indian descent
Simon Cherry. Simon R. Cherry is a biomedical engineer, and is currently a Distinguished Professor at University of California, Davis, and a published author.

In 2016, Cherry was elected as a member to the National Academy of Engineering for "development of nuclear emission imaging and magnetic resonance technologies for medical science".

References

External links
 

Living people
American biomedical engineers
University of California, Davis faculty
21st-century American scientists
Fellows of the Biomedical Engineering Society
Year of birth missing (living people)
DaSH PA. The DaSH PAdead simple human powered airplaneis a project led by Alec Proudfoot to build and fly a human-powered aircraft. The project's first flight on December 5, 2015, at Half Moon Bay Airport, was piloted by Proudfoot during which the aircraft flew .

Subsequent flight trials in February, June, and November 2016, have also been successful. The second November 5 flight, piloted by Craig Robinson, covered  and lasted four minutes.

The longest flight yet occurred on November 18, 2017, lasting 5 minutes and 20 seconds, covering 1.92 km.

Project history

Proudfoot started the DaSH PA project in late 2010 as a "for-fun, afterhours project to build a human powered airplane".

The original design goals were a weight of , and wingspan of . It was designed to fly at  . In October 2015, the team conducted wing load testing at the Hiller Aviation Museum in San Carlos, California.

Over its history, the DaSH PA team has included hundreds of volunteers, and as of November 2017, nine pilots.

Flights

Proudfoot wrote, "We've now had eight pilots fly a total of 22 flights, and the airplane has traveled about 11,000 meters in about 27-1/2 minutes of total flight time."

On December 5, 2015, the first flight at Half Moon Bay Airport, piloted by Proudfoot, was successful, but ended after a tail bracket broke. The problem was subsequently repaired. The final craft weight was .

On February 20 and 21, 2016, the team made six successful flights, with six different pilots, at Half Moon Bay Airport.

On June 25 and 26, 2016, the team made another five flights at Moffett Federal Field, close to their headquarters in Silicon Valley, California; on the last flight, the plane crash-landed after difficulty compensating for a crosswind, damaging the nose-wheel tube, fairing, and propeller.

On November 5, 2016, the team made eight flights with seven pilots at Moffett Field.

On December 11 and 17, 2016, the team conducted more flights at Moffett Field. On the last flight, piloted by Alec Proudfoot, torsional divergence resulted in wing collapse.

In October and November 2017, the team had a total of 17 additional flights at Moffett.

See also

 List of human-powered aircraft

References

External links

 
 Project video playlists

Aircraft first flown in 2015
Human-powered aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Carnegie Brothers and Company. Carnegie Brothers and Company, Ltd. was created by the consolidation of the steel businesses owned by Andrew Carnegie in the early 1880s. Those steel and coke works that were consolidated were:

Sciota Ore Mines
Union Iron Mills
Edgar Thomson Steel Works
Larimer Coke Works
Lucy Furnaces
Monastery Coke Works

The merging of these separate business operations into one resulted in the newly formed company owning an interest of nearly $5 million. At the time, Andrew Carnegie owned over half of it. Henry Clay Frick began to supply Carnegie Brothers and Company with coal and coke that was required to operate the steel mills. This relationship progressed with the result in Frick being the major supplier of coke to the new company. 

Thomas Carnegie, Andrew Carnegie's brother died in 1886 and in 1889 Frick began to manage a portion of the company. Frick also bought company shares. Frick advanced and was promoted to chairman of the company. After his promotions Frick worked with Carnegie to reorganize much of business. Frick organized many improvements including a buy out of the Duquesne Steel works. Frick acted to combine "Carnegie Brothers & Company, Limited" and "Carnegie, Phipps & Company" into a single company newly named Carnegie Steel Company, Limited on July 1, 1892.

Carnegie Brothers and Company had contracts with railway and transportation in addition to Keystone Bridge Company, Pittsburgh and Western Railroad, Rail Makes’ Association, and the Steel Patent Company. These companies specialized in litigation for steel patents and production methods, including Steel Patent Company of Philadelphia, and rail production the Rail Makers’ Association. At the time, many other companies, including Carnegie's were working to establish uniformity of the railroads. These efforts were encouraged by the investments of Carnegies company and on September 7, 1877 the merger was completed with the name the Pittsburgh, New Castle & Lake Erie Railroad. Carnegie Brother & Company, Limited was an investor and supplier to the Pittsburgh and Western Railway.

The University of Pittsburgh houses the financial records of the company in its archives service center, University of Pittsburgh Library System.

References

1892 establishments in Pennsylvania
American railway entrepreneurs
American steel industry businesspeople
Andrew Carnegie
Carnegie family
Defunct companies based in Pennsylvania
Gilded Age
Manufacturing companies based in Pittsburgh
Manufacturing companies established in 1892
Metals monopolies
Progressive Era in the United States
Steel companies of the United States
U.S. Steel
Eisengarn. Eisengarn, meaning "iron yarn" in English, is a light-reflecting, strong, waxed-cotton thread. It was invented and manufactured in Germany in the mid-19th century, but owes its modern renown to its use in cloth woven for the tubular-steel chairs designed by Marcel Breuer while he was a teacher at the Bauhaus design school.

The yarn is also known as Glanzgarn ('gloss' or 'glazed' yarn).

Manufacture 
Despite the name, there is no iron in Eisengarn. The name refers to its strength and metallic shine. It is made by soaking cotton threads in a starch and paraffin wax solution. The threads are dried and then stretched and polished by steel rollers and brushes. The end result of the process is a lustrous, tear-resistant yarn which is extremely hardwearing.

History 

The Eisengarn manufacturing process was invented in the mid-19th century in a factory in Barmen, now part of the city of Wuppertal, east of the river Rhine. 

It was used as a sewing thread and for making lace, shoe laces, hat strings, ribbons, lining materials and in the cable industry.

The manufacture of the yarn gave a considerable boost to the textile industry of Barmen and the surrounding region. By 1875, the Wuppertal company Barthels & Feldhoff employed more than 300 people in Eisengarn production.

In 1927 the weaver and textile designer Margaretha Reichardt (1907–1984), then a student at the Bauhaus design school, experimented and improved the quality of the thread and developed cloth and strapping material made from Eisengarn for use on Marcel Breuer's tubular steel chairs, such as the Wassily Chair. According to the Bauhaus Kooperation, the material "owes its renown" to this use. 

Light-weight tubular steel seating was also used in aircraft seating in the 1930s and Reichardt's improved version of Eisengarn was used as a covering for the seats.

A more prosaic use for the strong Eisengarn was, and still is, for making colourful string shopping bags, which were popular in the former East Germany, and are now an Ostalgie item. When the bag is not in use, the nature of the Eisengarn enables it to be compressed so that it takes up very little space.

References

External links 
 The B5 Chair | Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum
 Vitra Design Museum. B35 Chair Marcel Breuer
 WDR digit project. Eisengarnfabrikation in Barmen. (Video - 16 min). In German, but video shows eisengarn manufacturing process.

Fibers
Yarn
Woven fabrics
Bauhaus
Textile industry of Germany
Textile engineering
LCDR Acis class. The LCDR Acis class was a class of fourteen 0-6-0 steam locomotives designed by William Martley for the London, Chatham and Dover Railway (LCDR) to haul goods trains.

Between 1859 and 1860, the LCDR board considered the need for new locomotives to operate lines then under construction. After consultation with various engineers, including Charles Patrick Stewart (of Sharp, Stewart and Company), Robert Sinclair (of the Eastern Counties Railway) and Thomas Russell Crampton, they decided upon forty new locomotives: eight 1st class fast locomotives, seventeen general purpose passenger locomotives, and fifteen goods locomotives. After discussion with William Martley, the quantities needed for the two passenger types were revised to five and 24 respectively. Tenders were sought, and these were considered in July 1860, when orders were placed with several firms for what were to become the Echo, Tiger and Acis classes.

The Acis class, intended to comprise 15 goods locomotives, were ordered from two firms: eight were ordered in July 1860 from Robert Stephenson and Company at £3,320 each; and after negotiations with various firms concerning prices and delivery dates, a further seven were ordered in August 1860 from Sharp, Stewart and Company at £3,284 each. As with the Echo and Tiger classes, the locomotives were equipped with the Cudworth coal-burning firebox. They were delivered to the LCDR between September 1861 and December 1862, but the Sharp Stewart order was reduced from seven to six in June 1862, and that firm was given an order for an additional locomotive of the Dawn class instead.

Like other LCDR locomotives delivered prior to 1874, the locomotives had no numbers at first, being distinguished by name. In November 1875, William Kirtley (who had replaced Martley following the latter's death in 1874) allotted the class letter H. The locomotives were then given the numbers 113–126. All were still in service when the South Eastern and Chatham Railway (SECR) was formed at the start of 1899: their numbers were increased by 459 to avoid duplication with former South Eastern Railway locomotives, and so they became SECR nos. 572–585. Four (nos. 574/5/9/85) were transferred to the duplicate list in 1903 and 1907 when their numbers were needed for new locomotives, and their numbers were suffixed with the letter "A". Withdrawal occurred between June 1903 and December 1908.

The cancelled Sharp, Stewart locomotive was to have been named Sphynx, and this name was used for one of the Tiger class in August 1862.

Notes

References

Acis
0-6-0 locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1861
Sharp Stewart locomotives
Robert Stephenson and Company locomotives
Scrapped locomotives
Standard gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain
Vieworks. Vieworks Co., Ltd. is a manufacturer of X-ray medical imaging devices and high-resolution machine vision cameras, located in Anyang, Republic of Korea. It designs, develops, manufactures and provides advanced X-ray detectors to digital imaging systems for digital radiography, digital fluoroscopy and angiography systems, industrial cameras for aerial imaging, and surveillance and AOI (automated optical inspection).

History 
Vieworks has developed medical and industrial imaging solutions since its establishment in 1999.
It was listed on KOSDAQ (Korean Securities Dealers Automated Quotations) in 2009.

Products

X-ray detector
Vieworks manufactures flat panel X-ray detectors for digital radiography and fluoroscopy.

Industrial Camera
Vieworks supplies machine vision cameras for flat panel display inspection, printed circuit board inspection, web inspection, aerial imaging, microscopy, document or film scanning, and scientific research.

External links 
 

Health care companies of South Korea
Antonios Zavaliangos. Antonios Zavaliangos is an American material scientist and engineer, and currently the A. W. Grosvenor professor at Drexel University. He is also a published author.

Zavaliangos is also the Director of the CMSE Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need, Director of GAANN-Pharma, and Co-Director of the Drexel Research Experiences in Advanced Materials NSF REU Site.

References

American materials scientists
21st-century American engineers
Drexel University faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Oliver Bauchau. Olivier Bauchau is an American aerospace engineer,  the Igor Sikorsky Distinguished Professor in Rotorcraft at the University of Maryland, College Park, and a published author. he is a member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, American Society of Mechanical Engineers and American Helicopter Society.

References

American aerospace engineers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
University of Maryland, College Park faculty
Abdulmotaleb El Saddik. Abdulmotaleb El Saddik (born March 21, 1969) is a Lebanese–Canadian computer engineer and scientist, currently a Distinguished University Professor at University of Ottawa. He is the Director of Multimedia Communications Research Laboratory since 2002. He is a member of the Engineering Institute of Canada, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Canadian Academy of Engineering and Association for Computing Machinery.

Education 
He graduated from Darmstadt University of Technology with a diploma in electrical and computer engineering in 1995 and PhD in electrical and computer engineering in 2001.

Career 
He was elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada (FRSC 2020), the Canadian Academy of Engineering (FCAE 2009), the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (FIEEE 2009) and the Engineering Institute of Canada (FEIC 2010). He was appointed Distinguished University Professor in 2014. He is the recipient of several national and international awards, including IEEE Canada C.C. Gotlieb Computer Medal and IEEE Canada A.G.L. McNaughton Gold Medal.

His present research focus is digital twins with five pillars: artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, IoT and aocial network, multimodal interactions, and quality of experience powered communication networks (5G and tactile internet). He is associate editor of the ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications and Applications and guest editor for several IEEE Transactions and Journals. Dr El Saddik has been on technical program committees of numerous IEEE and ACM events. He has been the general chair and/or technical program chair of multiple international conferences, symposia and workshops on collaborative hapto-audio-visual environments, multimedia communications, and instrumentation and measurements.  He is at present the director of Multimedia Communication Research Laboratory.

Patents 

 US8294557B1 “Synchronous Interpersonal Haptic Communication System”, Abdulmotaleb El Saddik, Jongeun Cha, Mohamad Ahmad Eid, Fawaz Abdulaziz A Alsulaiman, Atif Mohammad Alamri, Lara Rahal, Daniel J. Martin.
 US9699182B2 “Electrocardiogram (ECG) biometric authentication”, Abdulmotaleb El Saddik, Juan Sebastian Arteaga Falconi, Hussein Al Osman, granted July 2017
 US9849377B2 “Plug and Play Tangible User Interface System”, Basim Hafidh, Hussein Al Osman, Ali Karime, Abdulmotaleb El Saddik, Jihad M. Alja'am,  Ali M. Jaoua, Amal Dandashi, Moutaz S. Saleh.

Books 

 Haptics Technologies – Bringing Touch to Multimedia

References

Living people
Canadian computer scientists
Canadian engineers
Academic staff of the University of Ottawa
Place of birth missing (living people)
1969 births
Clarence de Silva. Clarence de Silva is a Canadian engineer, currently the Senior Canada Research Chair in Mechatronics and Industrial Automation, University of British Columbia and also a published author. He is a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Royal Society of Canada, Canadian Academy of Engineering, and Distinguished Visiting Fellow of Royal Academy of Engineering UK.

References

Academic staff of the University of British Columbia
Canadian engineers
Canadian science writers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Bakhtier Farouk. Bakhtier Farouk is an engineer who has been the J. Harland Billings Professor at Drexel University since 2004, and is also a published author. He is a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

Education and academic career
Farouk earned his Bachelor of Science at the Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology in 1975. He was employed as a lecturer in their Mechanical Engineering Department from 1975 to 1976, and then pursued graduate training with the Mechanical Engineering Department at the University of Houston, Texas in 1976, ultimately earning his Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Delaware in 1978 and 1981. Subsequently, hired by Drexel University's Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics department as an assistant professor, he advanced to the ranks of associate professor and professor, respectively, in 1987 and 1989, and was then appointed as Drexel's J. Harland Billings Professor of Mechanical Engineering in 2004.

References

Drexel University faculty
21st-century American engineers
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology alumni
University of Houston alumni
University of Delaware alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
P-Dioxanone. p-Dioxanone (1,4-dioxan-2-one) is the lactone of 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)acetic acid. It is a monomer that can undergo ring-opening polymerization to give polydioxanone, a biodegradable implant material. It is isomeric to trimethylene carbonate (1,3-dioxan-2-one).

Preparation 
The common synthetic process for p-dioxanone is continuous gas-phase dehydrogenation of diethylene glycol on a copper or copper chromite catalyst at 280 °C.

This gives yields of up to 86%. Removal of excess diethylene glycol is crucial to the stability of the product as a monomer. Further purification with recrystallization, vacuum distillation, or melt crystallization allows purities of >99.5% to be achieved.

Properties 
Pure p-dioxanone is a white crystalline solid with a melting point of 28 °C.

Uses 
The oxidation of p-dioxanone with nitric acid or dinitrogen tetroxide gives diglycolic acid at 75% yield.

p-Dioxanone can undergo ring-opening polymerization catalyzed by organic compounds of tin, such as tin(II) octoate or dibutyltin dilaurate, or by basic alkoxides such as aluminium isopropoxide. This affords polydioxanone, a biodegradable, semicrystalline and thermally labile polymer with uses in industry and medicine. Depolymerization back to the monomer is triggered at 100 °C.

References

Dioxanes
Lactones
Francis Small (engineer). Arthur Francis Small  (26 February 1946 – 5 March 2021) was a New Zealand engineer and scouting leader. He served as the national president of Scouting New Zealand, as well as the vice-chairman of the Asia-Pacific Regional Scout Committee.

Early life
Small was born in 1946, He studied civil engineering at the University of Auckland, completing a Master of Engineering degree in 1969, and a PhD in 1971. His doctoral thesis, supervised by Arved Raudkivi, was titled Hydroelastic excitation of cylinders.

Career
Joining the New Zealand Railways Department in 1964, Small rose to become managing director of New Zealand Rail in 1990 and its successor, Tranz Rail. He retired from Tranz Rail in 2000 and was replaced, as managing director, by Michael Beard in May of that year. Small was then vice-chairman for some time. For his services to the transport industry and the community, he was appointed a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit in the 2000 New Year Honours.

In 1999, Small was appointed by the National Government as one of three people on the high-profile INCIS inquiry into the failed computer system that had been ordered by New Zealand Police in the 1990s. Early in 2000 after a change to the Labour Government, the other two members were dispensed with and Small conducted the enquiry by himself. Small's report on INCIS was published in November 2000.

Small was a Distinguished Fellow of the Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand (IPENZ) and was the group's president in 1996–97. In 2013, he received an individual award from the Railway Technical Society of Australasia for outstanding service to New Zealand's rail industry. In 2015, he founded the Francis Small Scholarship at the University of Auckland, available to civil, electrical, mechanical or chemical engineering students.

In 1999, Small was awarded the 278th Bronze Wolf, the only distinction of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, awarded by the World Scout Committee for exceptional services to world scouting.

Small died in Wellington on 5 March 2021.

References

1946 births
2021 deaths
University of Auckland alumni
Scouting and Guiding in New Zealand
Companions of the New Zealand Order of Merit
Recipients of the Bronze Wolf Award
New Zealand civil engineers
New Zealand people in rail transport
20th-century New Zealand engineers
People from Palmerston North