omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Industrigruppen JAS. Industrigruppen JAS AB (IG JAS AB) was a Swedish industrial consortium under executive director Harald Schröder founded in August 1980 by Saab-Scania (later Saab), Volvo Flygmotor, LM Ericsson, Svenska Radioaktiebolaget Communications and Förenade Fabriksverken (FFV) for the development, construction and manufacturing of the new Swedish combat aircraft JAS 39 Gripen on behalf of the Swedish Air Force. The tender was submitted in June 1981 to Försvarets Materielverk (FMV), and on 30 June 1982 a contract was signed for development, and for five prototype aircraft and 30 production aircraft.

Between 2006 and 2009 all participating companies save Volvo Aero was either bought out, or purchased by and merged into Saab. The consortium was dissolved under executive director Lennart Sindahl after the delivery of the third and final batch consisting of 64 aircraft JAS 39C and 14 aircraft JAS39D, as the sole purpose was fulfilled.

Sources

References in Swedish:
 Svenskt militärhistoriskt bibliotek
 ÖstgötaCorrespondenten

Defunct companies of Sweden
Defence companies of Sweden
Manufacturing companies established in 1980
Swedish companies established in 1980
Akebono Brake Industry. is a Japanese manufacturer of brake components for automobiles, motorcycles, trains, and industrial machinery.

The company was founded by Sanji Osame in 1929 as Akebono Sekimen Kogyosho as a response to the demand by the Japan Army Authority for ground transport; its first products were brake linings used by the government entity. Today it is now a large company with a significant overseas presence and wide range of brake products for many applications.

Business locations
In addition to its headquarters in Hanyū; and Nihonbashi, it also has facilities in other locations in Japan, such as Fukushima.

In the United States, it has facilities in Elizabethtown, Kentucky; Farmington Hills, Michigan; Glasgow, Kentucky; and Clarksville, Tennessee.

In Mexico, it has a factory in Silao, Guanajuato.

In China, it has plants in Guangzhou and Suzhou. In Indonesia and Vietnam, it has a partnership with Astra.

In Europe, it has facilities in Arras and Gonesse in France, and also has a UK presence for its work with the McLaren Formula 1 team. Its main European facility in Trenčín is focused on production of high-performance aluminium brake calipers.

Automotive brakes
Akebono offers products mainly on an OEM basis for automobile manufacturers. Its main OEM customers include Japanese car manufacturers such as Toyota, Nissan, Honda, Mitsubishi, Subaru, and Isuzu. The company also supplies products to global automakers like Porsche, Audi, Bentley, GM, Ford, Mercedes-Benz, and Polestar.

Motorsport

Beginning with the 2007 Formula One season, Akebono has been a technology partner to the McLaren F1 team. Since 2013, Akebono has also supplied brake components to the Toyota WEC team.

References

External links

  

Manufacturing companies of Japan
Automotive companies of Japan
Companies based in Saitama Prefecture
Manufacturing companies based in Tokyo
Companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange
Manufacturing companies established in 1929
Japanese brands
Japanese companies established in 1929
Arindam Ghosh (physicist). Arindam Ghosh is an Indian experimental condensed matter physicist and a professor in the Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India. He was awarded the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for science and technology, the highest science award in India, for the year 2012 in physical sciences category. In 2020, he was awarded the Infosys Prize for Physical Science, the most prestigious award that recognizes achievements in science and research, in India.

Education and career
Ghosh obtained his BSc degree with  physics honours from St. Xaviers College, Kolkata which was then part of the Calcutta University  (1991). Following the graduation, he became an Integrated PhD student at IISc, Bangalore where he did his masters (1994) and PhD (1999) in Physics. He was then a postdoctoral research associate at the University of Cambridge, UK (2000–2005). Ghosh then came back to IISc to take up a position as an assistant professor (2005–2011) followed by an associate professor (2011–2017). In 2017, he was promoted to a full professor of physics at the Department of Physics, IISc Bangalore. During his tenure at IISc, he was also a visiting research fellow in Nanotechnology at T J Watson
Research Center of IBM, Yorktown Heights, New York, US (May 2009 – Sept 2009).

Awards 
In December 2020, he received the Infosys Prize for Physical Sciences for his development of atomically thin two-dimensional semiconductors to build a new generation of functional electronic, thermoelectric and optoelectronic devices.

Research
His current research interests include the transport properties of two-dimensional electronic systems in semiconductors, carbon-based low-dimensional systems, optoelectronic properties of atomically-thin semiconductor membranes, magnetic nanostructures, and structural stability of nanoscale systems such as metallic nanowires and nanoparticles.

References

Recipients of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award in Physical Science
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Academic staff of the Indian Institute of Science
Indian Institute of Science alumni
Indian condensed matter physicists
Scientists from West Bengal
Sealevel Systems. Sealevel Systems, Inc. is a privately held manufacturer headquartered in Liberty, South Carolina,  which develops computer circuit I/O boards.

Company overview
Sealevel Systems was founded by Tom O’Hanlan and his wife Susan, in 1986.

In 1991 the company released a dual port serial card that allowed users to set its I/O addresses to any two COM ports.  In 1994, Sealevel developed the RS-485 auto-enabled circuit. The circuit eliminated the need to control the RS-485 transceiver-enable signal via software and removed the risk of communications error due to bus communications.

In 1997, O’Hanlan was granted a patent for a communication device that transmitted asynchronous formatted data synchronously. The company produced the communications card used for positioning the Space Shuttle's robotic arm in 2002. Tom O’Hanlan and technical author Jon Titus co-authored a book, The Digital I/O Handbook, in 2004.

In 2005, Sealevel Systems released the industry's first RoHS-compliant serial I/O board. In 2008, Sealevel won a defense contract for a USB/serial port cable with a heavily encased circuit board. The cable allows soldiers in the field to link laptops to AN/PRC-117F Multiband Manpack Radio (MBMMR) tactical radios, manufactured by any company, and transmit data, including GPS maps, images, coordinates and IM-type communications via radio signal instead of by satellite. It took seven years for the company to perfect the technology. In 2013 the company was awarded a sole-source contract for Naval Air Systems Command for this cable.

References

Companies based in South Carolina
Manufacturing companies based in South Carolina
Companies established in 1986
Software companies based in South Carolina
Software companies of the United States
Computer companies of the United States
Computer hardware companies
Heinrich Gerber (civil engineer). Heinrich Gerber (Johann Gottfried Heinrich Gerber; November 18, 1832 in Hof, Bavaria – January 3, 1912 in Munich, Germany) was a German civil engineer and inventor of the Gerber girder. He received several patents for his systems for building bridges.

Background

Gerber studied at the Polytechnic schools in Nuremberg and Munich, and in 1852 he joined the Bavarian Staatsbaudienst, where he worked on the railways. He assisted in the design of the Großhesseloher bridge and helped to develop the Pauli girder used in the bridge. After its completion in 1857, Gerber was appointed chief engineer of the Maschinenfabrik Klett bridge department in Nuremberg.

When the company in 1859 was awarded the contract for the construction of the railway bridge over the Rhine at Mainz he decided to manufacture the bridge parts in a temporary facility near the site in Gustavsburg. Gerber moved in 1860 with his family to the assembling site in order to manage the manufacture and construction of the bridge until its completion in 1863.

In his subsequent time in Nuremberg, he was working on continuous structural systems, which could be calculated more easily. In 1866 he was awarded the Bavarian patent ″Balkenträger mit freiliegenden Stützpunkten″ (girder with exposed bases). This cantilever bridge system was first realized in 1867 at a bridge over the Regnitz at Bamberg and in the Main Bridge in Haßfurt. This construction spread rapidly and became known worldwide as Gerber Beam.
	
1868 Gerber went back to Gustavsburg to manage the construction of the second track of the Rhine bridge. Then he located with an office in Munich. As part of the conversion of the Nuremberg headquarters in Maschinenbau-Actiengesellschaft Nürnberg, in 1873, the plant MAN-Werk Gustavsburg and his Munich office was merged to Süddeutsche Bridge AG in Munich and became independent with Gerber as Chief Executive. During this time he dealt among other things with development work on intersections of truss, the other duties of the executive board were to him less. At his own suggestion, this company was merged in 1884 into the Maschinenbau-Aktiengesellschaft Nürnberg (now MAN). Gerber was a board member there and had a seat in the technical advisory board. He devoted himself to continue his research and consulting activities.

Sources
 
 Ludwig Freytag, Heinrich Gerber, Altmeister der deutschen Eisenbaukunst. In: Conrad Matschoss (Ed.): Beiträge zur Geschichte der Technik und Industrie. vol 10. Springer, Berlin 1920, , p. 93–102. – online.

References

People from Hof, Bavaria
1832 births
1912 deaths
Engineers from Bavaria
Robert Scholey. Sir Robert Scholey   (8 October 1921 – 12 January 2014) was the Chairman of British Steel from 1986 to 1992.

Early life 

Scholey was born in Sheffield and was educated at King Edward VII School, Sheffield. He left school aged 16 to work for Steel, Peech and Tozer, studying engineering four nights a week at Sheffield University.  During World War II he served as a captain in the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers.

Career
In 1947 he moved to work at United Steel Companies and after nationalisation moved again to work at British Steel Corporation's head office, becoming CEO in 1973 and chairman in 1986. He retired from British Steel in 1992.

He was also on the board of Eurotunnel from 1987-1994, and chairman of the International Iron and Steel Institute for 1989-90. He also served terms as president of Eurofer, the European steel association, and in 1989 the Institute of Metals.

He died in 2014 at Much Hadham, Hertfordshire. He was married with two daughters.

Honours and awards
Made Commander of the British Empire (CBE) in the 1982 New Year Honours and knighted in the 1987 Birthday Honours.
Awarded the Bessemer Gold Medal of the Institute of Metals in 1988.
Elected a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering in 1990.

References 

1921 births
2014 deaths
People educated at King Edward VII School, Sheffield
English industrialists
Knights Bachelor
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers officers
British Army personnel of World War II
Engineers from Yorkshire
Bessemer Gold Medal
20th-century English businesspeople
Joaquín Esteban Osaguera Peña. Joaquín Esteban Oseguera Peña is a medical professor and researcher specializing in thermochemical treatments involving plasma and materials mechanical engineering.

Oseguera Peña has a bachelor’s in physics, and a doctorate in materials engineering from the Instituto Politécnico Nacional. He also did post graduate work in Paris.

He has worked with the Tec de Monterrey since 1980, accepting his current position as professor and researcher at the School of Design at the Engineering and Architecture department of the State of Mexico Campus in 1990. He specializes in thermochemical treatments involving plasma and materials mechanical engineering but also works in the development of prototypes for plasma treatment, mathematical simulation of processes, product characterization and  product structure characterization.

He has also worked in industry dealing the basic manufacture of iron and steel, the manufacture of electronic components and others.

One reason he accepted the State of México Campus position was that there was much to do to set up research at the institution. He defines himself as a “man of challenges,” stating that students challenge him and even sometimes get the better of him.

Oseguera Peña was stated as one of the targets of the failed 2011 bombing at the State of México Campus by an anti technology group called Tendiendo a lo Salvaje (ITS).

The professor’s work has been recognized with Level II membership in Mexico’s Sistema Nacional de Investigadores, as well as the 2012 Rómulo Garza Prize in the area of entrepreneurship support, which has been awarded each year to prominent professors and other professionals at the Tec de Monterry.

See also
List of Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education faculty

References

Academic staff of the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
IIL IS-10. The IIL IS-10 was a high-performance, single-seat glider, designed and built in Romania in the early 1960s.  It was the first Romanian aircraft to use laminar flow airfoils.

Design and development
From about 1950 to his death in February 1981, Iosif Silimon was Romania's most prominent glider designer, his aircraft distinguished by his initials. His single seat IS-10  was a wooden, shoulder wing sailplane, designed for Standard Class competitions.  It was an evolution of the IS-4, the first Romanian glider designed to meet the FAI Standard Class specifications and flown the previous year.

The cantilever shoulder wing of the IS-10 was mounted with a dihedral of 2.5°. It was built around a single spar with a plywood covered torsion box ahead of it around the leading edge.  Behind the spar the wing was fabric-covered.  The leading edge was straight and unswept, and over the inner half span section the trailing edge ran parallel, apart from a root extension rearwards to blend wing and fuselage. The outer panels were straight-tapered, with short span, slotted ailerons that were fabric-over-ply-covered.  The IS-10 had spoilers, opening both above and below the wing, mounted at midchord on the inner panels. The wing tips carried the small, streamlined bodies known as salmons, which were common at the time.  The laminar flow wing sections were from the NACA airfoil 6-series, with a thickness-chord ratio of 18% over most of the span.

The fuselage of the IS-10 was an oval section, slender plywood monocoque.  The pilot sat in a semi-reclining position in a long, single-seat cockpit under a single-piece, side-opening perspex canopy which, with a short fixed transparency behind it. stretched from the nose into the leading edge of the wing.  Its undercarriage comprised a short, rubber-sprung skid from the nose to only about halfway to the wing. A fixed, unsprung monowheel was semi-recessed into the fuselage under the wing and fitted with a brake.  Further aft the fuselage tapered to a conventional empennage.  A narrow, ply-covered fin and a fabric-covered rudder, which extended down to the keel, together formed a straight-tapered, flat-topped vertical tail. The fin also mounted a straight-edged, fabric-over-ply-covered tailplane placed just above the fuselage, which carried straight-tapered, similarly skinned elevators.  These were balanced by a bob weight within the fuselage and had gaps both at their roots to clear the fin and at their tips to clear rearward tailplane extensions, with a small central cut out for rudder movement. A small tail bumper was fitted under the rudder hinge.

The IS-10 was first flown on 6 April 1960.

Specifications

References

1960s Romanian sailplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1960
Shoulder-wing aircraft
Gohna Lake dam-burst. The Durmi Lake dam-burst was a flood in the Garhwal Region of India in 1894 caused by a landslide-induced temporary lake.

References

Floods in India
Landslide-dammed lakes
19th-century landslides
Dam failures in Asia
1894 natural disasters
1894 in India
History of Uttarakhand
Disasters in Uttarakhand
Garhwal division
Landslides in India
1890s disasters in Asia
19th-century disasters in India
Electro-Dynamic Company. The Electro-Dynamic Company manufactured electric motors and generators 1880–2000, principally as a subsidiary of the Electric Boat Division of General Dynamics and its predecessors.

History
The company was founded by electrical inventor William Woodnut Griscom in 1880. An important early customer for electric boat motors was the Electric Launch Company, also known as Elco. Following an 1892 bankruptcy, financier Isaac Rice bailed out Electro-Dynamic and became a co-owner. Griscom died in a hunting accident in 1897. Electro-Dynamic manufactured the main propulsion motor for , the United States Navy's first modern submarine, launched in 1897. In 1899, Rice founded Electric Boat and made Electro-Dynamic and Elco subsidiaries of it.  Electro-Dynamic relocated from Philadelphia to Bayonne, New Jersey at some point prior to 1964, with a plant on Avenue A. In 1964 a fire destroyed this plant and the company acquired a facility in Avenel, New Jersey, formerly occupied by Security Steel. In the 20th century the company manufactured electric motors and generators for numerous submarines built by Electric Boat as well as naval and civilian boats built by Elco. The company retained this function as a division of General Dynamics Corporation when that company was formed by a reorganization of Electric Boat in 1952. The company was dissolved in 2000 and its functions were relocated to Electric Boat's main facility in Groton, Connecticut.

See also
Electric Launch Company sister company 
 New London Ship and Engine Company sister company to  
 Submarine Boat Company sister company

References

External links
Article on General Dynamics' website on closure of Electro-Dynamic

American companies established in 1880
Defunct manufacturing companies based in Pennsylvania
Defunct manufacturing companies based in New Jersey
Rema, Ethiopia. Rema is a village in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia, 220 km North of Addis Ababa.

The special feature of the village is that almost only solar panels are used for electricity generation.

In 2005 there was a plan to provide a diesel generator for the generation of electricity for the houses, schools, small businesses and a health clinic. The residents refused to accept the gift because the generator is used only a limited amount of time per day because they cannot afford the ever-increasing costs of diesel. In addition, the residents had seen the use of solar panels in the neighboring hamlet Kechemober. These were installed in 29 households and a school thanks to a pilot project of a German foundation.

The people of Rema also wanted solar panels. After a thorough training of a number of local residents for the assembly, installation, and maintenance of solar panels, 1100 units were installed in 2007. Microfinance allowed the residents to pay the costs. In the year 2011, 2200 units were installed. Except for lighting with LED lamps for street lighting, in homes and schools - especially for evening adult education - solar energy is used for water pumps, disinfection of water, fridges and TVs. Because no kerosene is used anymore for lighting, the number of complaints as a result of smoke (lung problems) is reduced.

The peculiarity of the use of solar energy in this way led to a visit of Bill Clinton and his daughter Chelsea Clinton to the village in 2008.

References

Populated places in the Amhara Region
Heinrich Müller-Breslau. Heinrich Franz Bernhard Müller (May 13, 1851 in Breslau – April 24, 1925 in Grunewald, Berlin, known as Müller-Breslau from around 1875 to distinguish him from other people with similar names) was a German civil engineer and high school teacher. He provided significant contributions to the theory of beams and frames in structural analysis.

Müller-Breslau was both a practicing engineer and theoretical researcher during his lifetime. He brought the previously separate elements of classical structural analysis together in a unified theory of beams and frames. He systematized the computational methods, in particular the principle of virtual displacements, and applied the energy sets systematically. He also calculated structures of airships.

After finishing school in 1869, he fought in the Franco-Prussian War, after which he began to study at the Berlin Trade Academy in 1871. He also attended lectures in mathematics taught by Elwin Bruno Christoffel and Karl Weierstrass at Berlin University. As a student he helped fellow students of the School of Architecture with their revision of structural analysis and prepared them for the second state examination. Based on this teaching he compiled his first textbook Elementares Handbuch der Festigkeitslehre (Elementary handbook of the strength of materials) in 1875. Two years later he wrote contributions on elasticity and strength as well as structural mechanics for Hütte - Des Ingenieurs Tachenbuch (Hütte's engineer's handbook).

References

See also 
Müller-Breslau's principle

External links
 

German civil engineers
Engineers from the Kingdom of Prussia
1851 births
1925 deaths
German schoolteachers
Academic staff of Technische Universität Berlin
COS (operating system). COS (China Operating System) is a Linux kernel-based mobile operating system developed in China mainly targeting mobile devices, tablets and set-top boxes. It is being developed by the Institute of Software at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (ISCAS) together with Shanghai Liantong Network Communications Technology to compete with foreign operating systems like iOS and Android. The operating system is based on Linux but the platform is closed source. Security and the risk of back doors in devices from foreign vendors are some of the main motivations for COS. Android had almost 90% of the smart phone market when COS was introduced and Apple most of the remaining market share. COS looks very similar to Android and has its own Application Portal much like Android Market and iOS App Store.

Licensing
The Linux kernel is GPLv2 and the COS framework is closed source and licensed by the originators.

Core OS
The COS Core operating system is based on the Linux kernel and can be seen as a Linux distribution, in the same way as the Android operating system.

API
According to the official statements, COS supports HTML5 based applications and Java based applications.

See also
 Kylin
 Linux Deepin
 Zorin OS
 StartOS
 Comparison of mobile operating systems
 List of free and open source Android applications

References

External links

Demonstration video

Mobile Linux
ARM Linux distributions
Linux distributions
Steam machine (disambiguation). A steam machine is a heat engine that performs mechanical work using steam as its working fluid.

Steam machine may also refer to:
Steam cannon, a cannon that launches a projectile using only heat and water
Steam cleaning, the cleaning process using steam

Computing
Steam Machine (hardware platform), a pre-built gaming computer designed to operate using SteamOS
Heron: Steam Machine, a puzzle video game by Triangle Studios

Music
"Steam Machine", a 2005 song by Daft Punk from the album Human After All
"Steam Machine", a 1983 song by Freur from the album Doot-Doot

See also
 Index of steam energy articles
Leipzig Industriegelände West railway station. Leipzig Industriegelände West () was a former railway station located in Leipzig, Germany. The station was located on the Leipzig–Probstzella railway. The station closed in December 2012, as part of the renovation and upgrade of the line for the S-Bahn Mitteldeutschland, which opened in December 2013.

References

Industriegelande West
Railway stations in Germany closed in 2012