omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
List of crewed lunar landers. This is a list of designs for crewed lunar landers, spacecraft intended to land on  the Moon. A key aspect is achieving a soft landing, and for an ascent stage to successfully escape the Moon's gravity. Another aspect is how many stages the design has to undergo to achieve its objective, and the number of passengers and amount of payload it can carry.

See also
Human spaceflight

References

External links
Lunar lander conceptual design

Crewed spacecraft
Landers (spacecraft)
Lunar modules
Canadian Pacific 7000. Canadian Pacific Railway 7000 is a diesel-electric locomotive ordered through Stone Franklin of Canada Ltd of Montreal and built by National Steel Car in Hamilton, Ontario, in 1937. One example was built for the Canadian Pacific Railway, a custom built one-of-a-kind unit using British Empire components to avoid heavy customs duties. It is preserved at the Canadian Railway Museum.

History

The locomotive was an early Canadian Pacific diesel. Before it was delivered in November 1937, the railway had only used self-propelled rail motor cars. The unit was ordered in 1935 from Stone Franklin of Canada Ltd of Montreal but was built by National Steel Car in Hamilton, Ontario. It used a 6-cylinder,  diesel prime-mover from Harland & Wolff of Belfast, Northern Ireland, with electrical equipment by Laurence Scott and Electromotors of Norwich, England. CP 7000 was a double-truck, four-motored switching locomotive. It cost $89,500 when built.

The locomotive worked at the Hochelaga Yard in Montreal until Alco S-2 units arrived at the Yard in 1943. It was then leased to Marathon Paper Mills Ltd., in Peninsula (now Marathon), Ontario, for a period of 3–4 months before being purchased by the mill in October 1944. It operated for many years without a number until it was re-engined in 1951 with a 600-horsepower Caterpillar diesel engine. It was removed from service in 1964 at the paper mill and offered to the Canadian Railway Museum in 1965, where it remains.

References

Standard gauge locomotives of Canada
Diesel–electric locomotives of Canada
7000
David S. Ebert. David S. Ebert is a computer scientist, holding the position of Silicon Valley Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at Purdue University.

Ebert's research focuses on computer graphics and visualization. Currently, he is the director of U.S. DHS Center of Excellence (COE) in Visual Analytics (VACCINE). and Center for Education and Research in Information Assurance and Security (CERIAS)

Education 

He received his Ph.D., master, and bachelor degrees in Computer Science from Ohio State University in 1991, 1987, 1986 respectively.

Career 

He joined Purdue University as an associate professor in 2000, was promoted to a full professor in 2006.

Publications 
 Ebert DS, Musgrave FK, Peachey D, Perlin K, Worley S. Texturing & modeling: a procedural approach. Morgan Kaufmann; 2003. Cited 1438 times according to Google Scholar
 Zhu F, Bosch M, Woo I, Kim S, Boushey CJ, Ebert DS, Delp EJ. The use of mobile devices in aiding dietary assessment and evaluation. IEEE journal of selected topics in signal processing. 2010 May 27;4(4):756-66. Cited 311 times according to Google Scholar

References

External links 
 David Ebert's Homepage

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American computer scientists
Ohio State University College of Engineering alumni
Purdue University faculty
Bachawy. The Bachawy () (or Bach Howey on Early Ordnance Survey maps.) is a minor river in Powys, Wales. It rises in the hills north of Painscastle, flowing initially to the southeast before turning to the southwest at Rhos-goch, assuming a more westerly direction at Painscastle then wrapping around the western end of the Begwns as it drops into a wooded gorge to join the River Wye as a left-bank tributary near to Erwood. Rain falling on the southern slopes of Llanbedr Hill and the northern slopes of the Begwns makes its way into the Bachawy. Much of the Bachawy's valley is developed in Silurian age mudstones and siltstones and parts are aligned with the Church Stretton Fault Zone. The lower gorge is cut in part through late Silurian age Raglan Mudstone Formation which forms the lowest part of the Old Red Sandstone.

At the eastern end of its catchment is Rhos Goch Common National Nature Reserve. Another notable nature reserve within its catchment is Llan Bwch-llyn Lake, a stream draining which, enters the Bachawy as a right-bank tributary below Llanddewi. The lake is the largest natural water body in the old county of Radnorshire and is a site of special scientific interest. It is managed on behalf of Dwr Cymru Welsh Water by the Radnorshire Wildlife Trust as a reserve both for its wetland plants and its birdlife. Some notable plants found here include bogbean, lesser skullcap, devil's bit scabious and globe flower. There are northern pike, European perch and common rudd in the lake and breeding birds include sedge warbler, Eurasian reed warbler and common reed bunting, as well as coot, moorhen and water rail. Winter visitors include teal, tufted duck, mallard, pochard and goldeneye. The lake is mentioned by the famed curate from Clyro, the Reverend Francis Kilvert in his diary.

References

Bachawy
Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Powys
Y.1731. Y.1731 is an international standard that defines Operations, Administration and Maintenance (OAM) functions and mechanisms for Ethernet-based networks.

History 
The standard was first developed in 2006 by the Standardization Sector of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-T) in ITU-T Study Group 13, publishing the original version, as well as a revised version in 2008. From 2010 revisions are done in Study Group 15, beginning with an amendment in 2010. Further major revisions followed in 2011, 2013, and most recently 2015 (as well as a number of amendments).

Definitions 
Y.1731 defines:
 Maintenance domains, their constituent maintenance points, and the managed objects required to create and administer them
 The relationship between maintenance domains and the services offered by VLAN-aware bridges and provider bridges
 The protocols and procedures used by maintenance points to maintain and diagnose connectivity faults within a maintenance domain
 Performance monitoring

References 

ITU-T Y Series Recommendations
Decamethyltitanocene dichloride. Decamethyltitanocene dichloride is an organotitanium compound with the formula Cp*2TiCl2 (where Cp* is C5(CH3)5, derived from pentamethylcyclopentadiene).  It is a red solid that is soluble in nonpolar organic solvents.  The complex has been the subject of extensive research.  It is a precursor to many organotitanium complexes.  The complex is related to titanocene dichloride, which lacks the methyl groups.

Synthesis and reactions
The complex is prepared by the reaction of titanium tetrachloride with LiCp*.  An intermediate in this synthesis is (pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)titanium trichloride.

Reduction of Cp*2TiCl2 in the presence of ethylene gives the adduct Cp*2Ti(C2H4).  The analogous Cp compound has not been prepared, a contrast that highlights the advantages of the Cp* ligand. This pentamethylcyclopentadienyl (Cp*) species undergoes many reactions such as cycloadditions of alkynes.

The dicarbonyl complex Cp*2Ti(CO)2 is prepared by reduction of Cp*2TiCl2 in the presence of carbon monoxide.

Further reading

References

Titanocenes
Chloro complexes
Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets. The Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets is a bi-monthly (six issues per year) peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. It covers the science and technology of spaceflight, satellite and mission design, missile design, and rockets. The editor-in-chief is Olivier de Weck (Massachusetts Institute of Technology). It was established in 1964.

Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 1.808.

History
The journal was published bimonthly from the beginning. Prior editors have been:
 Hanspeter Schaub (2017–2021)
 Robert D. Braun (2014–2016)
 E. Vincent Zoby (1993–2014)
 Clark H. Lewis (1990–1993)
 Frank J. Redd (1987–1989)
 R.H. Woodward Waesche (1981–1987)
 Paul F. Holloway (1978–1981)
 Donald C. Fraser (1975–1978)
 Ralph R. Ragan (1972–1975)
 Gordon L. Dugger (1964–1971) - founding editor

References

External links

Aerospace engineering journals
English-language journals
Bimonthly journals
Academic journals established in 1964
Esgair Moel. Esgair Moel is a woollen mill, originally built in the early 18th century and now reconstructed at St Fagans National Museum of History in Cardiff, Wales. It was the second historic building to be erected at the museum.

The mill was built in around 1760, close to a farm of the same name near the small town of Llanwrtyd in Powys.  After being enlarged during the 19th century, when the spinning jack, made by John Davies of Llanbrynmair in about 1830 and thought to be the only one of its age and kind still in use, was installed, along with carding engines purchased from a mill in Yorkshire. The mill eventually closed down in 1947 and was relocated and rebuilt at St Fagans in 1952.

All the processes from dyeing of fleece to finishing of fabric, can be carried out within the building, which still produces woollen shawls and blankets for sale. The two handlooms, dating from the mid-18th century, were converted to be used with a flying shuttle. The water wheel is located on the ground floor and is fed by water pumped from a pool below, originally built in 1904 as a swimming pool for the Earl of Plymouth, who owned St Fagans at the time.

References

Further reading

 

Textile mills completed in the 18th century
Textile mills in Wales
St Fagans National Museum of History
Rebuilt buildings and structures in Wales
Relocated buildings and structures in Wales
Cristobal R. Orozco. Cristobal Roberto Orozco (born 1944) served as the American Chargé d'Affaires in Brazil from February 2001 until April 2002.  A career Foreign Service Officer, at the time of his appointment he held the Personal Rank of Minister-Counselor in the Senior Foreign Service.

A native of Sacramento, California, Orozco received a degree in Civil Engineering from California State University at Sacramento in 1966. He also studied at Thunderbird School of Global Management and received a B.A in 1971 and in 1983, received a Masters in Public Administration from the JFK School of Government at Harvard University.  Orozco graduated from the Senior Executive Seminar, the highest level of executive training offered by the Department of State, in 1989.

Career
Orozco was an engineer for the Inter-American Geodetic Survey (U.S. Army) in Panama and Colombia from 1966 to 1970. He entered the Foreign Service in 1971, serving in Tokyo, Santiago, Helsinki, Tegucigalpa, and Santo Domingo, as well as in Washington, DC.

He served as Consulate General in Rio de Janeiro from 1997 until 2000.

References

Ambassadors of the United States to Brazil
California State University, Sacramento alumni
Thunderbird School of Global Management alumni
Harvard Kennedy School alumni
American engineers
People from Sacramento, California
1944 births
Consuls for the United States
Living people
United States Foreign Service personnel
Nano-interfaces in bone. Bones are the skeleton of our bodies. They allow us the ability to move and lift our body up against gravity. Bones are attachment points for muscles that help us to do many activities such as walking, jumping, kneeling, grasping, etc. Bones also protect organs from injury. Moreover, bone is responsible for blood cell production in a humans body. 
The mechanical properties of bone greatly influence the functionality of bone. For instance, deterioration in bone ductility due to diseases such as osteoporosis can adversely affect individuals’ life. Bone ductility can show how much energy bone absorbs before fracture. In bone, the origin ductility is at the nanoscale. The nano interfaces in Bone are the interface between individual collagen fibrils. The interface is filled with non-collagenous proteins, mainly osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OC).  The osteopontin  and osteocalcin  form a sandwich structure with HAP minerals at nano-scale. The nano Interfaces are less than 2 – 3 % of bone content by weight, while they add more than 30% of the fracture toughness .

Deformation mechanisms in nano interfaces 
The current knowledge of the structure and deformation mechanisms in nano-interfaces is limited. For the first time, a study unravel the complex synergic deformation mechanism in the nano-interfaces in bone. A synergistic deformation mechanism of the proteins through strong anchoring and formation of dynamic binding sites on mineral  nano-platelets were seen. The nano-interface can sustain a ductility  approaching 5000% and outstanding specific energy to failure that is several times larger than the most known tough natural materials such as spider silk.

References 

Nanotechnology
Nanomedicine
Split screen (computing). Split screen is a display technique in computer graphics that consists of dividing graphics and/or text into non-overlapping adjacent parts, typically as two or four rectangular areas. This allows for the simultaneous presentation of (usually) related graphical and textual information on a computer display. TV sports adopted this presentation methodology in the 1960s for instant replay.

Originally, non-dynamic split screens differed from windowing systems in that the latter allowed overlapping and freely movable parts of the screen (the "windows") to present both related and unrelated application data to the user. In contrast, the former were strictly limited to fixed positions.

The split screen technique can also be used to run two instances of an application, potentially allowing another user to interact with the second instance.

In video games

The split screen feature is commonly used in non-networked, also known as couch co-op, video games with multiplayer options.

In its most easily understood form, a split screen for a multiplayer video game is an audiovisual output device (usually a standard television for video game consoles) where the display has been divided into 2-4 equally sized areas (depending on number of players) so that the players can explore different areas simultaneously without being close to each other. This has historically been remarkably popular on consoles, which until the 2000s did not have access to the Internet or any other network and is less common today with modern support for networked console-to-console multiplayer. In competitive split-screen games, it is customarily considered cheating to look at another player's screen section to gain an advantage.

History
Split screen gaming dates back to at least the 1970s, with games such Drag Race (1977) from Kee Games in the arcades being presented in this format. It has always been a common feature of two or more player home console and computer games too, with notable titles being Kikstart II for 8-bit systems, a number of 16-bit racing games (such as Lotus Esprit Turbo Challenge and Road Rash II), and action/strategy games (such as Toejam & Earl  and Lemmings ), all employing a vertical or horizontal screen split for two player games.

Xenophobe is notable as a three-way split screen arcade title, although on home platforms it was reduced to one or two screens. The addition of four controller ports on home consoles also ushered in more four-way split screen games, with Mario Kart 64 and Goldeneye 007 on the Nintendo 64 being two well known examples. In arcades, machines tended to move towards having a whole screen for each player, or multiple connected machines, for multiplayer. On home machines, especially in the first and third person shooter genres, multiplayer is now more common over a network or the internet rather than locally with split screen.

See also
 Multiplayer video game
 Screen tearing
 Split screen (video production)

References

Computer graphics
User interface techniques
Video game terminology
The Gateway (2017 film). The Gateway, also known as Alpha Gateway, is a 2017 Australian science fiction film directed by John V. Soto. The film stars Jacqueline McKenzie as a particle physicist who finds a way to access parallel universes while grieving over the loss of her husband.

Plot 

Jane Chandler is a particle physicist who's struggling to complete a teleporting machine, while enjoying a happy family life with her husband, Matt, and their two children. Matt dies in a traffic accident; soon after, Jane discovers that her teleporting machine prototype is actually sending objects to a parallel universe. She travels to a parallel reality and there finds another version of her husband, bringing him back to her own world. Soon, though, she learns that the person she has brought is not exactly like the husband she had lost.

Cast 
 Jacqueline McKenzie as Jane Chandler
 Myles Pollard as Matt Chandler
 Hayley McElhinney  as Ruth
 Shannon Berry as Samantha Chandler
 Ben Mortley as Regg
 Ryan Panizza as Jake Chandler

Reception 
Critical reception for The Gateway has been mixed. On Rotten Tomatoes the film holds a rating of 63% based on 8 reviews. Harry Windsor of The Hollywood Reporter wrote, "A nifty premise — a grieving widow brings a parallel-world version of her husband back to her own, with disastrous consequences — isn't enough to transcend a torpid screenplay".

Accolades 

 Best Feature Film at the Austin Revolution Film Festival (2017, won)
 Best Director Feature at the Austin Revolution Film Festival (2017, won)
 Best F/X Feature at the Austin Revolution Film Festival (2017, won)
 Best In Show - Feature at the Austin Revolution Film Festival (2017, won)
 Best Actress at FilmQuest (2017, nominated)
 Best Actor at FilmQuest (2017, nominated)
 Best Screenplay at FilmQuest (2017, nominated)

See also 
 Many-minds interpretation
 Many-worlds interpretation
 Multiverse

References

External links 
 

2017 films
2017 science fiction films
2017 horror films
Australian science fiction films
Films about parallel universes
Films directed by John V. Soto
Scott Kirkpatrick. Scott Kirkpatrick is a computer scientist, and professor in the School of Engineering and Computer Science at the Hebrew University, Jerusalem. He has over 75,000 citations in the fields of information appliances design, statistical physics, and distributed computing.

He initially worked at IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center with Daniel Gelatt and Mario Cecchi researching computer design optimization. They argued for "simulated annealing" via the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm, whereas one can obtain iterative improvement to a fast cooling process by "defining appropriate temperatures and energies". Their research was published in Science and was an inflection point in heuristic algorithms.

Selected research
Havlin, Shlomo, et al. "Challenges in network science: Applications to infrastructures, climate, social systems and economics." The European Physical Journal Special Topics 214.1 (2012): 273–293.
Schneider, Johannes, and Scott Kirkpatrick. Stochastic optimization. Springer Science & Business Media, 2007.
Carmi, Shai, et al. "A model of Internet topology using k-shell decomposition." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104.27 (2007): 11150–11154.
Kirkpatrick, Scott, C. Daniel Gelatt, and Mario P. Vecchi. "Optimization by simulated annealing." science 220.4598 (1983): 671–680.
Kirkpatrick, Scott. "Percolation and conduction." Reviews of modern physics 45.4 (1973): 574.

See also
List of fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery

References

Computer scientists
Academic staff of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Alfred Böning. Alfred Böning (1907-1984) was the chief engineer at BMW in the 1930s who was responsible for designing many iconic BMW motorcycles and motorcars. He reigned over the BMW design studio as a chief engineer before being replaced by chief engineer Fritz Fiedler and was promoted to become head of the automotive drawing office. Among his designs were the legendary 1934 BMW R7 motorcycle, that never saw the light of the day.

Designs 
He was credited with either designing of corroborating in design for several early BMW automobile models including the BMW 3/20, BMW 326, BMW 328, and the BMW 331.

References

German automobile designers
BMW people
1907 births
1984 deaths
Premala Sivaprakasapillai Sivasegaram. Premala Sivaprakasapillai née Sivasegaram (born 22 April 1942) is a Sri Lankan engineer. She is the country’s first female engineer and the first female civil engineer. She is also one of the prominent members of the Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka.

In March 2019, she was acknowledged as one of twelve female change-makers in Sri Lanka by the parliament, coinciding with International Women's Day.

Biography 
Premala Sivaprakasapillai was in Jaffna Fort in her maternal granduncle’s District Judge quarters. Her father Thambyapillai Sivaprakasapillai was an engineer who worked at the Colombo Port. Her family stayed in Colombo but was later forced to move back to their hometown, Jaffna, following the bombing on Colombo Port by the Japanese in 1942 on the eve of Easter Sunday. Sivasegaram was born on 22 April 1942 in Jaffna.

Career 
Sivasegaram received her education at the Ladies' College. She then entered the engineering faculty at the University of Ceylon in 1960. She was one of the two girls who followed the mathematics stream in her batch.  In 1964 she became the country’s first female engineering undergraduate and the first female engineer. After graduating she was appointed as an instructor in the engineering faculty at the university.

Sivasegaram received a scholarship to Somerville College, Oxford enabling her to gain a doctorate degree in structural engineering and on behalf of the college she attended the International Conference for Women Engineers and Scientists in 1967. Whilst studying there, she joined the British Women's Engineering Society in 1966 and took part in their launch of the first Women in Engineering Year in 1969.

In 1978, she became the first female chief structural engineer in the country and was transferred to the Designs Office in Colombo. She served as one of the prominent engineers in the country when open economic policies were introduced in 1977 by the then President Junius Richard Jayawardene.

Sivasegaram moved to England following the 1983 Black July riots and returned to Sri Lanka once the normalcy was established.

Recognition 
In 2015 she was a recipient of the 'Excellence in Engineering Award', awarded by the Institution of Engineers, Sri Lanka.

In March 2019, she was acknowledged as one of twelve female change-makers in Sri Lanka by the parliament, coinciding with International Women's Day.

References 

1942 births
Living people
Sri Lankan engineers
Sri Lankan Tamil people
Sri Lankan civil engineers
Alumni of Ladies' College, Colombo
Alumni of Somerville College, Oxford
Women engineers
Women's Engineering Society
Sri Lankan Tamil women
List of College and University Agricultural Engineering Departments. Below is a listing of known academic programs that offer bachelor's degrees (B.S. or B.S.E. or B.E / B.Tech) in what ABET terms "Agricultural Engineering", "Biosystems Engineering", "Biological Engineering", or similarly named programs. ABET accredits college and university programs in the disciplines of applied science, computing, engineering, and engineering technology.

The Americas

North America

Mexico, Central and South America

Europe

Asia

Oceania

Africa

External links 
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Agricultural Engineering Education

 https://www.bls.gov/ooh/architecture-and-engineering/agricultural-engineers.htm#tab-4

Engineering education
Agricultural Engineering Departments