omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Dupont Viscoloid Company. The Dupont Viscoloid Company, Inc. is a former plastics manufacturer based in Leominster, Massachusetts.

History 
The company was founded by Alexander Paton, Ludwig Stross and Bernard W. Doyle in 1901 as the Sterling Comb Company. In 1912, the three men consolidated a number of smaller plastics manufactures under the name Viscoloid Company. The company pioneered the use of pyroxylin plastic in hair combs, toilet articles, and a number of different products. In 1914, the Viscoloid Company began marketing pyroxylin plastic toys. The toy industry quickly became the company's most profitable, and Viscoloid was soon the leading pyroxylin plastic toy manufacturer in America. By 1923, Bernard Doyle had taken over the company and "The Viscoloid" spanned 106 buildings and was the largest employer in Leominster. In 1925, the company was sold to the Dupont Company of Leominster and was renamed the Dupont Viscoloid Company, Inc. The company would continually be a giant in the plastics industry until closing in November 1977.

References 

Leominster, Massachusetts
Manufacturing companies established in 1901
Manufacturing companies disestablished in 1977
1901 establishments in Massachusetts
1977 disestablishments in Massachusetts
American companies disestablished in 1977
Defunct manufacturing companies based in Massachusetts
Meerut scissors. A Meerut scissors is any scissors made of recycled metal scrap by microlevel industrial units in Meerut, India. The community has been making the product for more than three centuries.

Recycling from waste
Meerut scissors are particularly used for garment making and other domestic uses. All parts of the scissors are pre-used in some other form. For example, the blades are made from recycled carbon steel sourced from scrap metal, which may be salvaged from old railway rolling stock, automobiles or other sources. The handles, made of metal alloys or plastics, are prepared from other wastes such as old utensils. The first such scissors were made by Asli Akhun around the year 1653. Unlike most other scissors, Meerut scissors can be repaired and reused many times. An idiom popular around Meerut refers to the quality and re-usability of these instruments as a testimony: Dada le, potaa barpe ('bought by the grandfather, [still] used by the grandson').

Geographic indication tag
In January 2013, the product was recognized to qualify for its own geographical indication. It was the 164th among a list of such specially tagged commodity items in India.
Until now, these scissors were produced in a variety of sizes ranging from . They also had different price ranges, from  to ₹500. However, with the GI tags, the producers were encouraged to come up with standard sizes and price levels.

The industry is well established around Meerut, with 250 small-scale scissors-making units, employing 70,000 people directly and indirectly. Manufacturing typically follows a gendered division of labour, with men making the scissors and women performing tasks that require handwork and packing the products. Even when the market is confined to domestic consumption, makers find it tough to meet the demand.

References

Scissors
Companies based in Meerut
Geographical indications in Uttar Pradesh
Indian metalwork
Companies with year of establishment missing
Évariste Sanchez-Palencia. Évariste Sanchez-Palencia (born 1941 in Madrid), is a French researcher in theoretical mechanics, applied mathematics and epistemology, Emeritus Research Director at the CNRS. He is a member of the French Academy of Sciences since 12 November 2001. He is also a member of the board of the union rationalist.

Distinction and prizes
 1981, CNRS Silver Medal (Physics for Engineers)
 1987, Elected Corresponding Member of the French Academy of Sciences (Division of Mechanical Sciences).
 1995, Award French Institute of Petroleum, awarded by the French Academy of Sciences.
 2001, elected Full Member of the French Academy of Sciences.

Bibliography

In mechanics and mathematics
 Non homogeneous media and vibration theory, "Lecture notes in Physics" 127, Springer, Berlin, 398 pages, 1980; translated in Russian, MIR 1984.”
 with D. Leguillon, Computation of singular solutions in elliptic problems and elasticity, Éditions Masson - John Wiley, Paris - New York, 200 pages, 1987
 with J. Sanchez-Hubert, Vibration and coupling of continuous systems. Asymptotic methods, Springer, Berlin, 421 pages, 1989
 with J. Sanchez-Hubert, Introduction aux méthodes asymptotiques et à l'homogénéisation. Application à la Mécanique des milieux continus, Éditions Masson, Paris (pour la Maîtrise, dirigée par P. G. Paris (1992), 266 pages
 with Sanchez-Hubert, Coques élastiques minces: Propriétés asymptotiques, Éditions Masson, Paris,. (1997), 376 pages.
 with O. Millet and F. Béchet Singular problems in shell theory. Computing and asymptotics, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 265 pages (2010)

In epistemology and history of sciences
 Dialectic walk in the sciences, KDP, August 2023, , 454 pages: translated from the original in French Promenade dialectique dans les sciences, Hermann 2012. ();  translated in Spanish, Ed.Univ.Cantabria 2015; translated in Italian, UNICOPLI 2018.
 Several contributions in Science et culture. Repéres pour une culture scientifique commune Edited by J. Haissinski and H. Langevin-Joliot, Apogée/Espace des sciences, Rennes (2015)

In epistemology and dynamical systems 
 Dialectique dans les sciences et systèmes dynamiques, with Jean-Pierre Françoise, Le Temps des Cerises (publishers), Essais Scientifiques, 240 pages, January 2023, .

Main research topics 
(1970-1985) Homogenization method for continuous media with fine structure.
(1985-2010) Asymptotic study and numerical computation of very thin elastic shells.
(From 2005) epistemology, along the axes:
-Essentially approximate nature and evolution of scientific knowledge.
-Dynamical systems theory provides an intelligible basis to dialectic movement of nature (dynamic interaction, constructive aspects of evolution, etc.)

References
  in l'académie des sciences

Footnotes

Members of the French Academy of Sciences
20th-century  French mathematicians
Research directors of the French National Centre for Scientific Research
Atlantic Oak. Atlantic Oak is a tug boat based out of Halifax, Nova Scotia. The boat is owned by Atlantic Towing Limited, which is owned by Irving Shipbuilding. Atlantic Oak was built by East Isle Shipyard Ltd. in Prince Edward Island and was commissioned in 2004. One of the boat's duties in the Harbour is to assist in launches at the Halifax Shipyard. The boat guides many  tankers and bulk freighters along with other large ships into port.

General characteristics
Atlantic Oak is a Z-drive class, with two Aquamaster US 225, Twin screw tug built to a design first used for the tug Atlantic Spruce. The boat has two Caterpillar 3516 HD engines with a top speed of 13 Knots. The boat carries on-board firefighting equipment and has an 80 tonne deck capacity. The boat is  long,  wide and draws 5.24 .

Notable events 
In 2008 the dredging barge Shovel Master capsized after experiencing rough seas while being towed by Atlantic Larch from Saint John to Halifax for a refit. The crew were rescued by a CH-149 Cormorant search and rescue helicopter shortly before the barge capsized near  Yarmouth. Atlantic Oak towed the capsized, but still floating barge, for only 150m before it sank, spilling thousands of gallons of diesel fuel, hydraulic fluid and waste oil.

On Jan 15th, 2013 the boat was seen guiding the damaged HMCS Athabaskan into dock at the NC jetty in Halifax.

References

Tugboats of Canada
2004 ships
Ships built in Prince Edward Island
Robert S. Swarz. Robert S. Swarz is the former co-director of the Systems Engineering Practice Office of MITRE Corporation and currently Professor of Practice in the systems engineering program at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, where he has been teaching for over 30 years and held the post of Chair of the Systems Engineering Advisory Council. He is a co-author of a classic text in computer reliability and fault-tolerant systems.

Earlier, he was a researcher at Digital Equipment Corporation, where he was in charge of the reliability and maintainability program.
He is also Assistant Director for Processes for the International Council on Systems Engineering and member of the Steering Council for Dependable Systems and Networks of the IEEE, where he is a Life Member.

He holds B.S. and Ph.D. degrees from New York University, an M.B.A. from Boston University, and an M.S. from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

Books
Daniel P. Siewiorek, Robert S. Swarz, Reliable Computer Systems: Design and Evaluation, CRC Press, Third Edition, 1998, 
Robert S. Swarz, Philip Koopman, Michel Cukier (Eds.): IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks, DSN 2012, Boston, MA, USA, June 25–28, 2012. IEEE Computer Society 2012,

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Worcester Polytechnic Institute faculty
Polytechnic Institute of New York University alumni
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni
Electrical engineering academics
Ramon Lugo III. Ramon "Ray" Lugo III is an American aerospace engineer who served as the Director of NASA's Glenn Research Center. He currently serves as the Director of the Florida Space Institute at the University of Central Florida. He previously served as Glenn's Deputy Director from 2007 to 2010.

Career
Lugo received his bachelor's degree in engineering from the University of Central Florida in 1979, and his master's degree in engineering management from the Florida Institute of Technology in 1982. He began his career with NASA while still a student at UCF in 1975. During his career he served as the Executive Director of the Cape Canaveral Spaceport Management Office, Director and Deputy Director of the Expandable Launch Vehicle Services Program, Manager of the Facilities and Support Equipment Division in the Space Station Program Office, and as Chief of the Joint Performance Management Office.

In April 2010, he was named the Director of the Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, Ohio. Prior to being selected as the Director, he previously served as the facility's Deputy Director since 2007.

References

Living people
University of Central Florida alumni
University of Central Florida faculty
Glenn Research Center
Year of birth missing (living people)
Korea Carbon Capture & Sequestration R&D Center. The Korea Carbon Capture & Sequestration R&D Center (KCRC) is an institution in Daejeon, South Korea, specialized in Carbon Capture & Sequestration (CCS) R&D. The Korean government has selected CCS technology as part of core technologies for green growth, and has established the National Comprehensive Plan for CCS to commercialize and ensure the international competitiveness of CCS technology by 2020. As part of the plan, the Ministry of Science, ICT and future Planning (MSIP) has developed the ‘Korea CCS 2020 Project' to secure the best original technology of CCS and established KCRC on December 22, 2011.

Vision 
The vision of KCRC is to build a research basis and develop innovative original CCS technology by integrating Korea's CCS research capabilities.

Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) 
Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) is a technology to capture the large quantities of carbon dioxide () normally released into the atmosphere from the use of fossil fuel in power generation and other industries, transport the captured/compressed  to a location for permanent storage site, and inject it into deep underground geologic formations to securely store it or convert it into useful materials.

Korea CCS 2020 Project 
Goal
 To secure original CCS technology to economically capture  from large final emitters
Overview
 Periods : November 1, 2011 ~ May 31, 2020 (Approximately 9 years)
 Budgets : 172.7 billion KRW
 Supported Subcontract Projects (as of 2013) : 42 Industry-University-Institute including Korea Institute of Energy Research, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Korea Institute of Science & Technology, Seoul National University, Korea University, Yonsei University, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, University of Texas, and University of California
 Participants : 600 researchers with master's and doctoral degrees

Major Roles 
Implement Korea CCS 2020 Project
 Develop innovative original CCS technology
 Secure more than 4 types of 3rd generation original  capture technology
 Demonstrate Korea's first integration technology for 10,000 tons of  capture-transport-storage and secure core technology
 Develop more than 2 original technologies for  conversion applicable to large final emitters
Build CCS Infrastructure
 Think Tank for CCS Technology Policy
 Develop R&D policy and research planning
 Establish R&D portfolio
 Promote CCS public acceptance
 Improve CCS legal system
 Build a network through international cooperation in the field of CCS
 R&D planning and outcome management
 Plan R&D through moving targets
 Promote commercialization through core technology spin-off and technology transfer
 Disseminate outcomes by operating IPR Trust System
 Information Exchange Platform for CCS Technology
 Develop and operate professional CCS education & training programs
 Provide information on the analysis of CCS R&D and policy trends of Korea and other countries
 Integrate research capabilities by holding Annual Korea CCS Conference

References

Links 
 KCRC Webpage
 Korea CCS Conference Webpage
 What is CCS
Korea CCS 2020 Project

Carbon capture and storage
Arga-class tugboat. The Arga class of tugboats are a series of six service watercraft being built by Tebma Shipyard Limited (a subsidiary of Bharati Shipyard Ltd) in Malpe, for the Indian Navy.

Description
Each vessel in the series is  long and  wide with a draft forward (bow) of . Each tug has a capacity of 10 tonnes bollard pull at 85 per cent maximum continuous rating (MCR), speed of 12 knots at 85 per cent MCR and is fitted with two  Caterpillar Kirloskar engines, coupled to two steerable rudder propellers of  diameter. The vessels have two auxiliary electrical generation plant of 60 kW each and are fitted with a sewage treatment plant. They have been designed by M/s Ska Marine, Chennai. INS Arga and INS Bali are named after the coastal villages of Karwar District and both were inducted into the service by Rear Admiral Atul Kumar Jain.

Ships in the class

See also
 Tugboats of the Indian Navy

References

External links
 Arga Commissioned at Karwar
 Bali and Anup launched
 Bali commissioned at Karwar
 Specifications
 Tebma official website

Ships of the Indian Navy
Tugs of the Indian Navy
Auxiliary tugboat classes
Topincs. Topincs is a software for rapid development of web databases and web applications. It is based on LAMP and the semantic technology Topic Maps. A Topincs web database makes information accessible through browsing very much like a Wiki. Editing a page on a subject is done through forms rather than markup editing. A web database can be tailored into a web application to provide specific user groups a contextualized approach to the data.

All modeling and development tasks are performed in the web browser. No other development tools are necessary. The server requires Apache, MySQL and PHP. The client works on any standards-compliant web browser on desktops, laptops, tablets, and mobile phones. The layout is automatically adjusted to smaller screens.

The programmatic access to data is done via a virtual object-oriented programming interface which is set up over the schema in a few minutes. It is interpreted rather than generated. Portions of the database can be pulled into memory to accelerate bulk access.

Features
 Browseable data
 High-quality web forms
 Little to no programming
 Development done in the browser, no other tools required
 Client runs in any standard-compliant web browser
 Virtual object-oriented programming interface
 User interface adjusts to screen size
 Supports desktops, laptops, tablets, and mobile phones
 Flexible data modeling

Challenges
 Requires rethinking the development process and dropping many hard learned habits
 Requires a familiarity with two ISO standards ISO 13259 and 19756
 Forms cannot be easily adjusted in layout and behavior
 Server installation difficult and prone to error

License
Topincs can be used in a private network for any purpose for free. The use in a public network is restricted to non-commercial applications.

See also
 Topic Maps
 Rapid application development
 Metamodeling

References

External links
 Official website
 Topincs: A software for rapid development of web databases
 Modeling Topic Maps in Topincs

Web frameworks
Cross-platform mobile software
Development toolkits and libraries
Computer libraries
Web development software
Integrated development environments
User interface builders
RapidQ. RapidQ (also known as Rapid-Q) is a free, cross-platform, semi-object-oriented dialect of the BASIC programming language. It can create console, graphical user interface, and Common Gateway Interface applications. The integrated development environment includes a drag-and-drop form designer, syntax highlighting, and single-button compilation. Versions are available for Microsoft Windows, Linux, Solaris, and HP-UX.

Additional functionality not normally seen in BASIC languages are function callbacks and primitive object-orientation. The language is called semi-object-oriented by its author because there are only two levels of the class hierarchy: built-in classes, and user-defined classes derived from those; the latter cannot be extended further. The ability to call external shared libraries is available, thus giving full access to the underlying operating system's application program interface. Other capabilities include built-in interfaces to DirectX and MySQL.

RapidQ features a bytecode compiler that produces standalone executables by binding the generated bytecode with the interpreter. No external run time libraries are needed; the bytecode interpreter is self-contained. The file sizes of executable files created by RapidQ are about 150 kilobytes or larger for console applications.

RapidQ's author, William Yu, sold the source code to REAL Software, the makers of REALbasic, in 2000. The freely distributed program has been improved and many additional components have been created by an active user group.

External links 

 Unofficial Download Page, including UNIX/Linux versions, documentation and examples
 Rapid-Q Documentation Project (RQDP): Last version of RapidQ documentation.
 Burkley's Bravado: RapidQ source code examples and links.
 https://www.myrapidq.it/wiyu/ Anonymous reconstruction of Willian Yu's original page "www.basicguru.com/rapidq", which no longer exists.

BASIC programming language family
Integrated development environments
User interface builders
Linux integrated development environments
Nanothermometry. Nanothermometry is a branch of physics and engineering exploring the use of non-invasive precise thermometers working at the nanoscale. These devices have high spatial resolution (below one micrometer), where conventional methods are ineffective.

Sensitivity of a nanothermometer
The sensitivity is a parameter that characterizes a thermometer giving information about the relative change on the output of the thermometer per degree of temperature change. Numerically, it can be computed using the calibration curve (temperature dependence of the thermometric parameter, Q)
 

As  Sr have small values, usually it is expressed as a percentage, like 1.0%· K−1, meaning that a degree change in temperature will be measured in the thermometric parameter as a change of 1.0%. This quantity is telling to determine the appropriate detector to be used in order to measure the temperature from the thermometric parameter change.

Luminescent nanothermometers
The well-known limitations of contact thermometers to work at submicron scale lead to the development of non-contact thermometry techniques, such as, IR thermography, thermoreflectance, optical interferometry, Raman spectroscopy, and luminescence. Luminescence nanothermometry exploits the relationship between temperature and luminescence properties to achieve thermal sensing from the spatial and spectral analysis of the light generated from the object to be thermally imaged.

References 

Nanotechnology
Land systems. Land systems constitute the terrestrial component of the Earth system and encompass all processes and activities related to the human use of land, including socioeconomic, technological and organizational investments and arrangements, as well as the benefits gained from land and the unintended social and ecological outcomes of societal activities. Changes in land systems have large consequences for the local environment and human well-being and are at the same time pervasive factors of global environmental change. Land provides vital resources to society, such as food, fuel, fibres and many other ecosystem services that support production functions, regulate risks of natural hazards, or provide cultural and spiritual services.  By using the land, society alters and modifies the quantity and quality of the provision of these services.

Land system changes are the direct result of human decision making at multiple scales ranging from local land owners decisions to national scale land use planning and global trade agreements. The aggregate impact of many local land system changes has far reaching consequences for the Earth System, that feedback on ecosystem services, human well-being and decision making. As a consequence, land system change is both a cause and consequence of socio-ecological processes.

The Global Land Programme (GLP) of Future Earth is an interdisciplinary community of science and practice fostering the study of land systems and the co-design of solutions for global sustainability.

References 

 
Land management

es:
List of solids derived from the sphere. This page lists solids derived from a sphere.

Solids from cutting a sphere with one or more planes
 Dome
 Spherical cap
 Spherical sector
 Spherical segment
 Spherical shell
 Spherical wedge

Solids from deforming a sphere
 Ellipsoid
 Spheroid
 Solid bounded by Morin surface
 Any Genus 0 surface

Solids from intersecting a sphere with other solids or curved planes
 Reuleaux tetrahedron
 Spherical lens

Notes

Geometric shapes
Mathematics-related lists