omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
British Northrop Loom Co Ltd. British Northrop Loom Co Ltd was an engineering firm based in Blackburn, Lancashire, England. The company manufactured machinery for producing textiles, particularly the Northrop Loom.

It expanded rapidly around the time of the First World War, and by the 1950s it exported over 10,000 machines annually worldwide.

With the exception of electric motors, the majority of loom parts were manufactured in the Blackburn factory which had a foundry, machine shop, a smithy for forging and welding, wood working shop for slays, bobbins and shuttles and an assembly line with the enterprise occupying a total area of 1,050,000 sq ft by 1956. Production declined in the face of competition from new technologies such as shuttleless looms from continental Europe and Japan.

References

Manufacturing companies established in 1902
Companies based in Lancashire
Magnus Maclean. Magnus Maclean FRSE MIEE MICE LLD (1 November 1857 – 2 September 1937) was an electrical engineer who assisted Lord Kelvin in his electrical experiments and later became Professor of Electrical Engineering in Glasgow (one of the first to hold such a title). The Magnus Maclean Memorial Prize given to students of electrical engineering is named in his honour.  A native speaker of Scottish Gaelic, he also lectured in Celtic Studies at the University of Glasgow, delivering the MacCallum lectures, in English between 1901 and 1903.  These lectures constituted the first official lectures in Celtic studies at the University.

Life

He was born in Fasach, Skye on 1 November 1857. He was educated at Colbost on the island then sent to Glasgow for secondary education. He then began training as a Free Church minister at the Free Church Training College in Glasgow and also studied at the University of Glasgow. However, her abandoned this after two years and became a teacher in Sutherland.

Re-entering the University of Glasgow in 1881 with a Lorimer bursary for Mathematics, and a London Highland Society scholarship. He studied Natural Philosophy (Physics) and Mathematics  at Glasgow University graduating MA around 1883.

From at least 1880 he was the personal assistant to William Thomson, Lord Kelvin in his electrical experiments. In 1888 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were William Thomson, Lord Kelvin, William Jack, Thomas Muir, and Thomas Gray.

In 1899 he became Professor of Electrical Engineering at the Royal Technical College in Glasgow.
Glasgow University gave him an honorary doctorate (LLD) in 1919.

In later life he lived at 51 Kersland Terrace in Glasgow.  Maclean was an active member of Comunn Gàidhlig Ghlaschu.

He retired in 1924 and died on 2 September 1937.

Portrait

His portrait by James Raeburn Middleton is held by Strathclyde University.

Publications

The Literature of the Celts (1902)
The Literature of the Highlands (1904)
Modern Electrical Practice (6 vols., London, 1905), 
Modern Electrical Engineering (6 Vols., London, 1918) 
(with ), The Electrification of Air by combustion (1889).

References

External links

1857 births
1937 deaths
People from the Isle of Skye
Scottish physicists
Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
Alumni of the University of Glasgow
People associated with electricity
19th-century British scientists
List of Kamov aircraft. This is a list of aircraft produced by Kamov, a Russian aircraft manufacturer.

Designs

KaSkr-I Gyrocraft 1929 25 September 1929, the first Soviet autogyro, designed by Kamov and Skrzhinskii. Based on Cierva models named The Red Engineer. 
KaSkr-II Gyrocraft 1930 Re-engined KASKR-I with a Gnome-Rhone Titan engine.
Kamov A-7 1934 An autogyro primarily used for observation duties.
Ka-8 Irkutyanin 1947 single seat helicopter
Ka-9
Ka-10 1950 Single-seat observation helicopter. NATO reporting name Hat.
Ka-11 small single-seat helicopter
Ka-12 multi-purpose nine-seat helicopter
Ka-14 light multipurpose helicopter
Ka-15 1952 Two-seat utility helicopter. Nato reporting name Hen.
Ka-18 1955 A Ka-15 with a large fuselage and a 280 hp Ivchenko AI-14VF engine. Could carry 4 passengers. 200 units built (approximately). NATO reporting name Hog.
Ka-20 1958 Twin-engine antisubmarine helicopter prototype. NATO reporting name Harp.
Ka-22 Vintokryl 1959 Experimental rotor-winged transport aircraft. NATO reporting name Hoop.
Ka-25 1961 Naval helicopter. NATO reporting name Hormone.
Ka-26 1965 Light utility helicopter. NATO reporting name Hoodlum.
Ka-27 1974 Anti-submarine helicopter. NATO reporting name Helix.
Ka-28 export version of Ka-27 Helix
Ka-29 assault transport version of the Ka-27 Helix
Ka-31 airborne early warning helicopter
Ka-32 civilian version of the Ka-27 Helix
Ka-34 heavy rotary-wing aircraft
Ka-35 heavy jet-powered rotary-wing aircraft
Ka-37 1993 An unmanned coaxial helicopter developed with Daewoo of South Korea initially designed for agricultural tasks. Performances are a max weight of 250 kg ( 50 payload ), speed of 110 km/h, and a flight duration about 45 minutes.
Ka-40 1990s? anti-submarine helicopter (Replacement for the Ka-27. In development)
Ka-50 "Black Shark" 1982 Single-seat attack helicopter. NATO reporting name Hokum.
Ka-52 "Alligator" 1997 two seat attack helicopter and widely used model
Ka-56 ultralight helicopter for special forces
Ka-60 Kasatka 1990s Transport/utility helicopter
Ka-62 1990s civilian transport and utility helicopter
Ka-64 Sky Horse 1990s naval transport and utility helicopter
Ka-90 High-speed helicopter project.
Ka-92 passenger helicopter
Ka-115 Moskvichka 1990s light multi-purpose helicopter
Ka-118 1980s-1990s A NOTAR development - light multirole helicopter
Ka-126 1980s Light utility helicopter. NATO reporting name Hoodlum-B.
Ka-128 light utility helicopter (one prototype only)
Ka-137 1990s Unmanned drone/unmanned multipurpose helicopter
Ka-226 "Sergei" 1990s small, twin-engined utility helicopter
V-50 1960s A high-speed assault helicopter project with tandem rotors. Cancelled.
V-60 1980s A light scout and escort helicopter
V-80 1970s A series of design studies for an attack helicopter (culminating in the Ka-50)
V-100 1980s Twin-rotor combat helicopter project
Rotorfly R-30 2000s ultralight coaxial helicopter developed by a different company, but built by Kamov

Kamov
Ayodeji Balogun. Ayodeji Balogun (born Ayodeji Olaleye Balogun in 1983) is a Nigerian entrepreneur, commodity trader and CEO of AFEX, Nigeria's first private sector commodities exchange, and tech-enabled Agriculture Company. He is a Board of Trustees of The Association of Security Exchange in Nigeria and serves on the board of Capital Market Development Fund.

Education 
Balogun was born in Ijebu-ode, Ogun state, Nigeria. He holds a diploma in Heavy Equipment Engineering from Penn Foster University, Scranton and (B.Eng.) in Mechanical Engineering from the Lagos State University. He furthered his education at Lagos Business School, where he earned an MBA and IESE Business School, Spain.

Career 
Balogun began his career as an analyst with Unilever Nigeria Plc and later became an associate at Doreo Partners where he contributed to the development of Nigeria’s Agriculture Transformation Plan in 2011. He was the Regional Director, Africa Exchange Holdings for West Africa and then became the Country Manager for AFEX Commodities Exchange Limited (AFEX) in July 2014. He was appointed CEO of AFEX in December 2019.

Personal life 
Balogun is married to physician Oluwakemi Balogun, and they have two children.

References 

1983 births
Living people
Nigerian technology businesspeople
21st-century Nigerian businesspeople
Nigerian company founders
Lagos Business School alumni
William Bryson (electrical engineer). William Alexander Bryson FRSE (2 March 1855 – 9 July 1906), was a Scottish electrical engineer.

Life

He was born on 2 March 1855, the son of Alexander Bryson a clockmaker with Robert Bryson & Son, and his wife Elizabeth Waterstone Gillespie. His grandfather was Robert Bryson. The family lived at 4 Inverleith Terrace in north Edinburgh.

His mother died shortly after he was born, and his father, who remarried twice in the meantime, died when he was aged 11. He trained and worked as a Marine Engineer in Leith, and then moved to Glasgow as a consulting Electrical Engineer. There is a sketch of him by John Lavery in the Glasgow Museum Resource Centre.

He managed the lighting for the 1886 Edinburgh International Exhibition, and the Royal Jubilee Exhibition in 1887

In 1888 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, with his proposers being William Thompson (Lord Kelvin), James Thomson Bottomley, William F King and William Walter James Nicol (inventor of the Kallitype photographic process) .

In 1889 he became a member of the Institution of Electrical Engineers.

He supervised the installation of the Electrical Lighting system at Leith, which had electric lighting by 1890 - relatively early.

He lived at 37 Park Road in the Newhaven district of Edinburgh and had offices at 16 Queen Charlotte Street in Leith.

He died on 9 July 1906. He is buried in Warriston Cemetery. The grave lies on the diagonal path joining the lower vaults to the sealed eastern entrance. The stone is currently (2018) vandalised and is lying on the ground in undergrowth.

References 

Scottish electrical engineers
Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
Burials at Warriston Cemetery
1855 births
1906 deaths
British marine engineers
Engineers from Edinburgh
Quantum Boltzmann equation. The quantum Boltzmann equation, also known as the Uehling–Uhlenbeck equation, is the quantum mechanical modification of the Boltzmann equation, which gives the nonequilibrium time evolution of a gas of quantum-mechanically interacting particles. Typically, the quantum Boltzmann equation is given as only the “collision term” of the full Boltzmann equation, giving the change of the momentum distribution of a locally homogeneous gas, but not the drift and diffusion in space. It was originally formulated by L.W. Nordheim (1928), and by and E. A. Uehling and George Uhlenbeck (1933).

In full generality (including the p-space and x-space drift terms, which are often neglected) the equation is represented analogously to the Boltzmann equation.

where  represents an externally applied potential acting on the gas' p-space distribution and  is the collision operator, accounting for the interactions between the gas particles. The quantum mechanics must be represented in the exact form of , which depends on the physics of the system to be modeled.

The quantum Boltzmann equation gives irreversible behavior, and therefore an arrow of time; that is, after a long enough time it gives an equilibrium distribution which no longer changes. Although quantum mechanics is microscopically time-reversible, the quantum Boltzmann equation gives irreversible behavior because phase information is discarded only the average occupation number of the quantum states is kept. The solution of the quantum Boltzmann equation is therefore a good approximation to the exact behavior of the system on time scales short compared to the Poincaré recurrence time, which is usually not a severe limitation, because the Poincaré recurrence time can be many times the age of the universe even in small systems.

The quantum Boltzmann equation has been verified by direct comparison to time-resolved experimental measurements, and in general has found much use in semiconductor optics. For example, the energy distribution of a gas of excitons as a function of time (in picoseconds), measured using a streak camera, has been shown to approach an equilibrium Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution.

Application to semiconductor physics 
A typical model of a semiconductor may be built on the assumptions that:
 The electron distribution is spatially homogeneous to a reasonable approximation (so all x-dependence may be suppressed)
 The external potential is a function only of position and isotropic in p-space, and so  may be set to zero without losing any further generality
 The gas is sufficiently dilute that three-body interactions between electrons may be ignored.

Considering the exchange of momentum  between electrons with initial momenta  and , it is possible to derive the expression

References 

Statistical mechanics
Government Engineering College, Jagdalpur. Government Engineering College, Jagdalpur (GEC Jagdalpur) is a Public engineering college located in Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh, India. Established in 1983, it is affiliated to Chhattisgarh Swami Vivekanand Technical University, Bhilai. It is one of four Government Engineering College in Chhattisgarh along with Government Engineering College Raipur and [[Government Engineering College, Bilaspur][Government Engineering College, Ambikapur]].

History
Established in March 1983, it was affiliated to Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur and started with an intake of 20 students in Civil Engineering. Again Mechanical Engineering was introduced in 1984 with an intake capacity of 30 students. Later, Undergraduate courses in Electronics and Telecommunication (2000), Information Technology (2000), Electrical Engineering (2005), Mining Engineering (2009) and Master of Engineering in Structural Engineering (Civil) (2009) and Thermal Engineering (Mechanical) (2009) started.

Location
The college was started from forest rest house.  In 1990–91, the college shifted in dandakaranya building at Dharampura-1. In 1995–96, it was again shifted in its own present campus. Now, The college campus is spread across an area of 69 acres. It is located in between Dharampura, Negigudha, Gatpadmur and Kalipur. The college campus is surrounded by walls and has three entrance, the main entrance opens in front of Bastar university, second entrance is on the Chitrakote road and the other opens towards residential complex.

Academics

Programmes
The college offers Bachelor of Engineering in various fields (270 seats per annum) as well as Master of Engineering (36 seats per annum).

Departments
Civil Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering
Information Technology
Electrical Engineering
Mining Engineering
Humanities

Admission 
Admission to Bachelor of Engineering(old scheme) and Bachelor of Technology (new scheme) are

done through Chhattisgarh Pre Engineering Test (CGPET) conducted by Chhattisgarh Professional Examination Board, Naya Raipur.

References

Schools of mines in India
Engineering colleges in Chhattisgarh
Bastar district
Educational institutions established in 1983
1983 establishments in Madhya Pradesh
Iron pentahydride. Iron pentahydride  is a superhydride compound of iron and hydrogen, stable under high pressures. It is important because it contains atomic hydrogen atoms that are not bonded into smaller molecular clusters, and may be a superconductor. Pairs of hydrogen atoms are not bonded together into molecules.  has been made by compressing a flake of iron with hydrogen in a diamond anvil cell to a pressure of 130 GPa and heating to below 1500K. When decompressed to 66 GPa it decomposes to solid .

The unit cell is tetragonal with space group I4/mmm.

See also
Iron hydrides

References

Hydrides
Iron compounds
Concrete chipping. Concrete chipping is a process which requires trained chippers or a robotically-controlled machine with an ultra high pressure water source (20,000 psi) to enter the drums of ready-mix concrete trucks and central mixers to break away the dried concrete along the drums’ walls.  Human teams use tools such as the handheld jackhammer and chisel to manually remove hardened material.  The robotically controlled machine removes the dried concrete by cutting the concrete with ultra high pressure water, causing the concrete to delaminate from the interior of the mixer drum. The robotically controlled machine is operated by a human outside of the ready-mix concrete drum. Human teams, with help from shovels, wheelbarrows and the like, then pile the discarded concrete on the ground, where it can either be hauled away to the landfill, turned into new building material through the process of concrete recycling or repurposed in some other way.  Mike Rowe, host of Dirty Jobs on the Discovery Channel, once described concrete chipping as the toughest job he ever took on.

Maintenance
Chipping requirements vary depending on a variety of factors, including the individual cement mixing truck and concrete mixer, the concrete blends in use and crews’ maintenance practices. Still, many concrete chipping companies advise scheduling chipping appointments every three months. Regular chipping helps companies avoid problems such as lowered drum capacity, sluggish machinery and breakdowns which not only grind work to a halt, but result in costly repairs. Even companies which use chemical blends to keep concrete buildup at bay require periodic chipping, though on a slightly extended timeline.

Safety
As opposed to robotically controlled hydro chipping, which has no safety concerns commonly related to the concrete chipping industry, concrete chipping by human teams is inherently dangerous work. Chippers face a number of on-the-job hazards, including but not limited to flying debris, silica dust, electric shock and excessive noise.  Confined spaces are another such danger concrete chippers face on the job. Airborne cement dust can also lead to burns, irritation, blindness and life-threatening diseases. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) helps minimize exposure to dangers tradesmen such as concrete chippers face on the job. This equipment includes, but is not limited to: The hard hat, respirator, eye protection, steel-toe boot and ear protection. The United States Department of Labor’s Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) also maintains a list of safety tips and requirements to protect workers involved in manufacturing, pouring and chipping concrete.  Many companies also require continuing education and regular safety training to ensure both their team members and the clients they serve remain fully protected.

References 

Concrete
Wang Weizhong. Wang Weizhong (; born March 1962) is a Chinese politician currently serving as deputy party secretary and governor of Guangdong. A graduate of Tsinghua University, Wang rose through the ranks working for the Ministry of Science and Technology. He previously served as party chief of Taiyuan.

Biography
Wang is a native of Shuozhou, Shanxi province. In September 1984, he graduated from the department of hydraulic engineering at Tsinghua University. In April 1987, he earned a master's degree. He spent much of the next decade working for the ministry overseeing water resources. In August 1991 he was transferred to the National Science Commission (the later Ministry of Science and Technology) to work on matters related to the environment. 

In August 1994, Wang entered the ecology division of the National Science Commission. In July 1998, he was made head of the China 21st Century Agenda Management Center () and the head of the Life Science Technology Development Center. In March 2006, he was named head of the finance department at the Ministry of Science and Technology. In April 2010, he was promoted to Vice Minister of Science and Technology.

In September 2014, Wang was 'parachuted' to his home province Shanxi to handle the clean-up of the political scene after many senior level politicians had been placed under investigation as part of the anti-corruption campaign under Xi Jinping. He was first named secretary-general of the party organization and a member of the provincial party standing committee. In October 2016, Wang was named Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary of Taiyuan, the provincial capital.

In April 2017, Wang was named a member of the Guangdong provincial standing committee and party chief of Shenzhen.

On December 14, 2018, Wang rose to become deputy party secretary of Guangdong. In December 2021, he became governor of Guangdong, replacing Ma Xingrui.

In October 2022, he became a member of the 20th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

References

1962 births
Tsinghua University alumni
Living people
Alternate members of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
Members of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
People's Republic of China politicians from Shanxi
Chinese Communist Party politicians from Shanxi
Members of the 20th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
Politicians from Shuozhou
Governors of Guangdong
Political office-holders in Shanxi
Standing Members of the CCP Shanxi Provincial Committee
Standing Members of the CCP Guangdong Provincial Committee
Vice Ministers of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China
Tetramethoxymethane. Tetramethoxymethane is a chemical compound which is formally formed by complete methylation of the hypothetical orthocarbonic acid .

Preparation 
The obvious synthetic route from the tetrahalomethanes does not yield the desired product, instead giving orthoformates and a halohydrin byproduct. The original preparation of the tetramethoxymethane was therefore based on chloropicrin:

Because of the unpleasant properties of the chloropicrin, other tetrasubstituted reactive methane derivatives were investigated as starting material for tetramethoxymethane. For example, trichloromethanesulfenyl chloride (also used as a chemical warfare agent and easily accessible from carbon bisulfide and chlorine) was used:

A less problematic synthesis is based on trichloroacetonitrile:

Thallium methoxide reacts with carbon disulfide to give tetramethoxymethane and thallium sulfide; likewise dimethyl dibutylstannate gives tetramethoxymethane and dibutyltin sulfide.  Further preparative methods are described in the literature.

Synthesis from chloropicrin only yields about 50% product.  Syntheses from trichloromethanesulfenyl chloride or trichloroacetonitrile or the thallium-sulfide route yield about 70-80% product, but the tin-sulfide synthesis has a 95% yield.

Properties 
Tetramethoxymethane is water-clear, aromatic-smelling, low-viscosity liquid which is stable against peroxide formation.

Use 
In addition to the use as a solvent, tetramethoxymethane is used as a fuel in polymer fuel cells, as an alkylating agent at elevated temperatures (180-200 °C) as a transesterification reagent (but showing less reactivity than trimethoxymethane) and as a reagent for the synthesis of 2-aminobenzoxazoles, which are used as molecular building blocks in pharmaceutical active ingredients used in neuroleptics, sedatives, antiemetics, muscle relaxants, fungicides and others.

Depending on the substituents, the one pot reaction proceeds in "modest to excellent" yields.

References 

Orthocarbonates
Methoxy compounds
TRS-80 character set. The TRS-80 computer manufactured by Tandy / Radio Shack contains an 8-bit character set. It is partially derived from ASCII, and shares the code points from 32 - 95 on the standard model. Code points 96 - 127 are supported on models that have been fitted with a lower-case upgrade.

The character set consists of letters, various numeric and special characters as well as 64 semigraphics called squots (square dots) from a 2×3 matrix. These were located at code points 128 to 191 with bits 5-0 following their binary representation, similar to alpha-mosaic characters in World System Teletext. These characters were used for graphics in games, such as Android Nim.

Character set 
The following table shows the TRS-80 model I character set. Each character is shown with a potential Unicode equivalent.  Space and control characters are represented by the abbreviations for their names.

References 
Citations

Sources

Further reading

Character sets
TRS-80
IX (Corrosion of Conformity album). IX is the ninth studio album by the American heavy metal band Corrosion of Conformity, released on July 1, 2014, by Candlelight Records.

Track listing

Personnel
 Mike Dean – bass, vocals, engineer, mixing
 Reed Mullin – drums, vocals
 Woody Weatherman – guitar, vocals
 Pepper Keenan – additional writing on "Tarquinius Superbus"
 Brad Boatright – mastering
 John Custer – mixing

References

Corrosion of Conformity albums
2014 albums