omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Multi-Scale Multidisciplinary Modeling of Electronic Materials Collaborative Research Alliance. Multi-Scale Multidisciplinary Modeling of Electronic Materials (MSME) Collaborative Research Alliance (CRA) was a research program in the United States that was initiated and sponsored by the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL). The objective of the program was “to develop quantitative understanding of materials from the smallest to the largest relevant scales to advance the state of the art in electronic, optoelectronic and electrochemical materials and devices.”

Collaborative Technology and Research Alliances is a term for partnerships between Army laboratories and centers, private industry and academia for performing research and technology development intended to benefit the US Army. The partnerships are funded by the US Army.

MSME was awarded in 2012. The program was completed in 2016.

Objectives 

The objective of this Alliance was to conduct research supporting efforts in future electronic materials and devices for the Army. MSME achieved this through development of fundamental models in electronic materials research. The multiscale models were assembled by the MSME team and the experimentation for validation and verification for these models was performed by ARL scientists in each research area, which was part of a continual process to develop new models through collaboration between ARL and its partners.

Research Thrusts 

The MSME program was organized around several research thrusts, which included the following:

 Electrochemical Energy Devices - Focus on interfacial physics and chemistry, ion transport, nanostructures, solid-liquid interface: to include fuel cells, capacitors, etc.
 Hybrid Photonic Devices - Study the interaction of photons, electrons, and phonons, to include photonics, spintronics, plasmonics, etc.
 Heterogeneous Metamorphic Electronics - Examine mixed materials with partial ordering, e.g., graphene, metamaterials, nanoelectronic structures, etc.

Participants 

The research under this program was performed collaboratively by the US Army Research Laboratory and by scientists and engineers of the following institutions:

 Army Research Laboratory
 University of Utah
 Boston University
 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

References 

Projects established in 2012
Projects disestablished in 2016
Research projects
Canon de 19 C modèle 1870/93. The Canon de 19 C modèle 1870/93 was a French coastal defense gun designed and built before World War I that also saw action during World War II. A number of guns were also converted to railway guns during World War I in order to meet the need for heavy artillery and these were also used in World War II.

Design
The Canon de 19 C modèle 1870/93 were typical built-up guns of the period with mixed construction consisting of a rifled steel liner and several layers of iron reinforcing hoops. In French service guns of mixed steel/iron construction were designated in centimeters while all steel guns were designated in millimeters. However, reference materials don't always distinguish the difference in construction and use either unit of measurement. The guns used a de Bange breech and fired separate loading bagged charges and projectiles.

The mle 1870/93 was mounted on a mle 1886 center pivot mount with a rectangular steel firing platform which sat on top of a large diameter geared steel ring set into a concrete slab behind a parapet with the barrel of the gun overhanging the parapet at the front and an overhanging loading platform to the rear.  The mounts allowed high angles of elevation +30° with 360° of traverse. The mount was traversed by a worm gear which attached to the base.

The recoil system for the mle 1870/93 consisted of a U-shaped gun cradle which held the trunnioned barrel and a slightly inclined firing platform with a hydro-gravity recoil system. When the gun fired the hydraulic buffer slowed the recoil of the cradle which slid up a set of inclined rails on the firing platform and then returned to position by the combined action of the buffers and gravity.

Railway guns

World War I
Twenty-six mle 1893-1896 guns were converted to Canon de 19 modèle 1870/93 TAZ railway guns during the first world war.  The guns were mounted in a large turret on an armored railroad carriage built by Schneider.

World War II
Twenty-four mle 1870/93 TAZ railway guns were mobilized at the beginning of the second world war. After the fall of France, nine guns were used by the Germans as coastal defense artillery under the designation 19 cm K(E) 486(f).  The Kingdom of Italy also received twelve guns after the Armistice of Villa Incisa and these were given the designation Cannone da 194/29 Modello 70/93.  They were integrated into armored trains of the Royal Italian Army and assigned coastal defense duties.  Their only action was 13 March 1944 with the Italian Co-belligerent Army during the Battle of Montelungo.

Gallery

References

194 mm artillery
Artillery of France
Coastal artillery
World War I artillery of France
World War I guns
Industrial development in the Principality of Wallachia. Throughout the 1850s, the Principality of Wallachia underwent an industrial revolution which yielded, among others, the first oil refinery in the World. Six years after the first Wallachian industrial establishment was completed (1853), the country united with the Principality of Moldavia to form Romania.

Assan's steam mill  
The first industrial establishment based on mechanized work and steam power was introduced in 1853, in the form of the Assan Steam Mill. The mill also carried out oil pressing and brandy distilling. Situated on the outskirts of Bucharest, it was founded by George Assan, using modern machinery from Vienna. Assan ran several pharmacies and wine shops which enabled him to purchase the machinery and build the mill. After Assan's death in 1866, the mill was taken over by his wife, Alexandrina. The facility changed hands again in 1884, when it was taken over by the Assans' sons. The mill remained active into the 20th century.

The world's first oil refinery
The most notable accomplishment of Wallachia's industrial revolution was the building of the World's first industrial oil refinery in 1856-1857. It was built by Teodor Mehedinţeanu. Situated at Râfov, near Ploiești, the refinery had a processing capacity of 7.5 tons per day. Two more important firsts resulted from this achievement. Wallachia (and by extension, Romania) became the first country in the world with an officially recorded crude oil production, 275 tons. Also in 1857, Bucharest became the first city in the world to use lamp oil for public illumination. The next two countries to record oil production were the United States and Italy in 1860.

Other establishments
Food industries developed at Brăila starting from the 1830s.

In 1855, a brick factory which employed the use of machinery was founded in Bucharest. It was a military asset, being run by the Cavalry commander Serdar Filipescu.

References 

Industry in Romania
Oil refining
History of Wallachia
Electricity Power House. The Electricity Power House is a heritage-listed electrical substation located at 23 Albany Street, Crows Nest, North Sydney Council, New South Wales, Australia. It was built in 1927 . It is also known as Electricity Sub-Station No. 187. The property is owned by Ausgrid, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

History 
The Crows Nest substation is a purpose built structure dating from 1927. An MCS logo appears on the facade in relief.

Description 
The Crows Nest substation is a large dominating three storey building of unusual wide-eaved hipped roof which features mansard roof sections to the corners. It has a brick base course and rendered upper two storeys with recessed central bay which features arch sections with multi paned windows located within. The Crows Nest substation is constructed in load bearing face brick at the lower level and cement render at the upper facade levels. The roof has exposed timber rafters and ceramic tiles.

The substation is complete in the Interwar Georgian Revival style. Exterior materials include face bricks, cement render, ceramic tiled roof, and timber joinery.

Condition 
As at 10 November 2000, the condition of the substation was good.

Heritage listing 
The Crows Nest substation is a rare and representative example of an unusual building design from the interwar period which features mansard roof corners to the main roof, decorative rendered walls with recessed bays and elongated arches to the facades. It is considered to be of state significance.

Electricity Power House was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

See also 

Ausgrid
Australian non-residential architectural styles

References

Attribution 

New South Wales State Heritage Register
Crows Nest, New South Wales
Electric power infrastructure in New South Wales
Articles incorporating text from the New South Wales State Heritage Register
1927 establishments in Australia
Buildings and structures completed in 1927
Energy infrastructure completed in 1927
Buildings and structures in Sydney
Isotta Fraschini Gamma. The Isotta Fraschini Gamma was an air cooled aircraft engine developed by the Italian engineering company Isotta Fraschini in the 1930s. It was an inverted V12 rated at over . Produced in small numbers for one-off aircraft, including the Ambrosini SAI.107 and Caproni Vizzola F.5 Gamma fighter trainer prototypes, it was developed into the more powerful and more numerous Delta.

Design and development
The Gamma was an air cooled inverted V engine with 12 cylinders arranged in two banks, each cylinder of bore  and stroke . Isotta Fraschini produced the Gamma in small numbers during World War II at a rating of about .

The engine formed the basis for a number of other aircraft engines produced by the company. The more powerful Delta was developed as a larger complement to the Gamma. While the Beta straight-six engine was essentially one half of the engine, the Zeta mated two Gamma engines to a common crankshaft to create an X24 engine. The larger engines shared with the Gamma a problem cooling the rearmost cylinders which impeded development.

In 1942, there was speculation in the UK about a powerful Italian engine called the Isotta Fraschini Gamma that produced  at 2200 rpm for take-off and had a displacement of  with a bore of  and stroke of .

Variants
Gamma R.C.15  at 
Gamma R.C.35  at

Applications

 Ambrosini SAI.107
 Caproni Vizzola F.5 Gamma
 Savoia-Marchetti SM.86

Specifications

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Air-cooled aircraft piston engines
1930s aircraft piston engines
Inverted V12 aircraft engines
Gamma
Somnox Sleep Robot. The Somnox Sleep Robot is a capsule-shaped robot that claims to enhance quality of sleep. The capsule "breathes" in and out according to a fixed rhythm. The company claims that by subconsciously matching their breathing to it, people will be helped to fall asleep.

Description 
The robot is a heavy, kidney-shaped white capsule with a soft fabric shell. It can be controlled with a smartphone through a companion app. In addition to breathing, it also plays customizable audio.

History 
The robot began prototyping in 2015 at the Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands. It was originally made by four robotics engineers there to help themselves and their families fall asleep, and to help wean one of the designer's mothers suffering from anxiety and insomnia off of sleep medication. The decision was made to commercialize it after it received interest from strangers. It was released on Kickstarter in November 2017, raising about twice its funding goal of  ().

Somnox launched a second version of their product line in November 2021, with WiFi and Bluetooth support as well as an improved spirometry algorithm.

See also 
 Sleep disorder
 Sleep hygiene
 White noise machine

References 

Medical robots
Sleep medicine
Robots of the Netherlands
Accedian. Accedian was a Canadian company that developed network communication and application monitoring software and hardware. Headquartered in Montreal, Canada, the company was majority owned by Bridge Growth Partners, until its acquisition by Cisco in September 2023.

History 
Accedian was founded by Patrick Ostiguy and 4 partners in 2004. The company originally developed service assurance hardware and software for telecommunications service providers, including mobile network operators. The first product was a backhaul networks interface device, which links cell towers to central offices. Accedian has since made network function virtualization and virtualized customer-premises equipment (V-CPE) products.

In March 2017, Accedian announced a US$100M investment by Bridge Growth Partners in return for a major equity stake.

In February 2018, Accedian announced that it had acquired Performance Vision of Paris, France for an undisclosed amount. Performance Vision developed network performance management and application performance management solutions. In 2020, Dion Joannou was CEO of Accedian.

In June 2023, Cisco announced its intent to acquire Accedian, and it completed the transaction in September of the same year.

Awards and recognition 
In October 2011, Accedian was named on the Deloitte Fast 50 list of the fifty fastest growing technology companies in Canada.

In 2014, Accedian was named the fastest growing technology company in Canada with first place in the Deloitte Fast 50 list. Accedian placed second in Deloitte's Technology Fast 500 list for North America.

In February 2018, research firm Gartner named Accedian as a Magic Quadrant leader in the network performance monitoring and diagnostics (NPMD) category.

In 2021, Patrick Ostiguy was still executive chairman of Accedian Networks Inc.

References 

Companies based in Montreal
System administration
Network management
Canadian companies established in 2004
2004 establishments in Quebec
Tim Peters (software engineer). Tim Peters is a software developer who is known for creating the Timsort hybrid sorting algorithm and for his major contributions to the Python programming language and its original CPython implementation. A pre-1.0 CPython user, he was among the group of early adopters who contributed to the detailed design of the language in its early stages.

He later created the Timsort algorithm (based on earlier work on the use of "galloping" search) which is used in Python since version 2.3 (since version 3.11 using the Powersort merge policy instead of Timsort's original merge policy), as well as in other widely used computing platforms, including the V8 JavaScript engine powering the Google Chrome and Chromium web browsers, as well as Node.js. He has also contributed the doctest and timeit modules to the Python standard library.

Peters also wrote the Zen of Python, intended as a statement of Python's design philosophy, which was incorporated into the official Python literature as Python Enhancement Proposal 20 and in the Python interpreter as an easter egg. He contributed the chapter on algorithms to the Python Cookbook. From 2001 to 2014 he was active as a member of the Python Software Foundation's board of directors. Peters was an influential contributor to Python mailing lists. He is also a highly ranked contributor to Stack Overflow, mostly for answers relating to Python.

Peters' past employers include Kendall Square Research.

Tim Peters was granted the Python Software Foundation's Distinguished Service Award for 2017.

See also 
 History of Python

References/Notes and references

External links 
 PyCon 2006 interview with Tim Peters
 Stack Overflow user page
 PythonLabs.com

Python (programming language) people
American computer programmers
Free software programmers
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)
Isotta Fraschini Beta. The Isotta Fraschini Beta was an air cooled aircraft engine produced by the Italian engineering company Isotta Fraschini in the 1940s. Isotta Fraschini derived the Beta inverted 6-cylinder in-line aircraft engine from the V-12 Gamma. The engine saw limited production for aircraft, including the Nardi FN.316 and Ambrosini SAI.7, but was generally unsatisfactory in service.

Design and development
Isotta Fraschini had developed V-12 Gamma aircraft engine, which gained some success, powering the Ambrosini SAI.107 lightweight fighter. The company took essentially half of the engine and created the Beta inverted 6-cylinder in-line aircraft engine. The Beta shared the larger engine's bore and stroke. The engine had a one-piece aluminium alloy crankcase with steel and aluminium cylinders, each with a single inlet and a single exhaust valve. It had a carburettor designed by Isotta Fraschini and a single speed supercharger.

The Beta was produced in small numbers and fitted to a number of Italian training aircraft, including the Nardi FN.316 used in limited quantities by the Regia Aeronautica, Aeronautica Nazionale Repubblicana and German Luftwaffe during World War II. However, the engine was unsatisfactory in service, its failure leading to the cancellation of the IMAM Ro.63 STOL reconnaissance aircraft.

Variants
Beta R.C.10 ISZ  for take-off  at .

Applications

 CANSA C.6.
 IMAM Ro.63.
 Nardi FN.316.
 Ambrosini SAI.7.

Specifications

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography
 
 
 
 
 

Aircraft air-cooled inline piston engines
1940s aircraft piston engines
Straight-six engines
Beta
João Pedro Matos Fernandes. João Pedro Matos Fernandes (born 1967) is a Portuguese politician who served as Minister of the Environment  until 30 March 2022.

Early life and education
Matos Fernandes has a bachelor's degree in civil engineering from the University of Porto and a master's degree in transport from Instituto Superior Técnico.

Early career
Before entering politics, Matos Fernandes served as president of the Portuguese Port Authorities' Association from 2008 to 2010, and as chairman of the Viana do Castelo Port Authority from 2009 to 2012.

Political career
When Portugal held the rotating presidency of the Council of the European Union in 2021, Matos Fernandes chaired the meetings of its Environment Council.

During his time in office, Matos Fernandes later oversaw an auction in August 2020 of contracts to build and operate new solar energy capacity that set a world record for the lowest price of future output.

With Portugal facing a winter drought in early 2022, Matos Fernandes ordered some of the country's hydropower dams to temporarily limit water use for electricity production and irrigation, prioritizing human consumption instead, and to ensure a supply of drinking water for at least two years.

Personal life
Matos Fernandes is a cousin of Narcos actor Pêpê Rapazote.

References

1967 births
Living people
Government ministers of Portugal
People from Águeda
Grace Nakibaala. Grace Nakibala (born 1990) is a Ugandan innovator  who is the founder of PedalTap company. She attended Gayaza High School for her secondary  education after which she joined the College of Engineering Design Art and Technology (CEDAT) at Makerere University for a Bachelor of science in Architecture.

Professional life
Grace Nakibala is the team leader of the PedalTap innovation, which is a hands-free, foot-operated water-dispensing device designed to reduce the spread of infectious disease and save water. She is also the creator of "EpiTent", a semi-permanent structure used during humanitarian emergencies.

Achievements and honors
Grace Nakibala  has won a number of awards and represented PedalTap at the Next Einstein Forum Global Gathering in 2018
Team lead PedalTap Innovation
Winner of Africa Innovation Challenge in 2017
Winner of the Johnson and Johnson award in March 2017

References

21st-century Ugandan businesspeople
21st-century Ugandan women
Living people
1990 births
Makerere University alumni
People educated at Gayaza High School
Argus As 17. The Argus As 17 was an air cooled six-cylinder in-line aircraft engine designed by the German engineering company Argus Motoren in the 1930s. Developed from the same company's smaller As 8, the engine was produced in ratings between . First demonstrated in 1934, it powered a number of competitors at the Challenge International de Tourisme that year, including the Messerschmitt Bf 108. Argus produced it in small numbers as German manufacturers like Messerschmitt preferring V-8 alternatives for their aircraft.

Design and development
The Argus As 17 was an inverted six cylinder aircraft engine in the  class that was first demonstrated in 1934. It was a development of the company's As 8 four-cylinder engine. The engine had cast aluminium heads and aluminium pistons mounted in steel cylinders and connected to a chrome-nickel steel crankshaft. Bore was  and stroke .

It was used to power a small number of German aircraft in the late 1930s, notably three entries to the Challenge International de Tourisme 1934, the Fieseler Fi 97, Klemm Kl 36 and Messerschmitt Bf 108. Each aircraft was entered in two variants, one powered by the Argus engine and other with the more powerful Hirth HM 8U V-8. The engine was developed in three versions. The lower powered As 17A, which was used to power the fourth prototype Bf 108, was rated at 200 hp. A more developed engine, the As 17B, rated at , was used to power the seventh Bf 108A prototype. The more powerful As 17 Special was also produced, which differed in having a supercharger that increased rated power to .

The engine was produced in small numbers, never achieving serial production. Only two of the Fieseler aircraft were fitted with the engine. Klemm preferred the Hm 8U for the definitive Kl 36B. Production examples of the Bf 108 used either the HM 8U or Argus's own V-8, the As 10, the latter becoming the standard for the BF 108B.

Variants
 As 17A 
 As 17B 
 As 17 Special

Applications
 Fieseler Fi 97
 Klemm Kl 36A
 Messerschmitt Bf 108A

Specifications (As 17A)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

AS 17
Aircraft air-cooled inline piston engines
1930s aircraft piston engines
Straight-six engines
Ronald Bullough. Ronald Bullough  (6 April 1931 – 20 November 2020) was a British materials scientist. He made leading contributions in the field of irradiated solids. He was a former Chief Scientist and Director of Corporate Research at the UK Atomic Energy Authority.

References 

British materials scientists
British nuclear physicists
1931 births 
2020 deaths 
Fellows of the Institute of Physics
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
Scientists of the National Physical Laboratory (United Kingdom)
Fellows of the Royal Society
List of international fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering. The Royal Academy of Engineering is the UK national academy in the field of engineering. Its purpose is to bring together the most successful and talented engineers to advance and promote excellence in engineering.

Each year about 50 new fellows are admitted to the academy, after evaluation by the membership committee and election by existing fellows. Engineers who have achieved international distinction in their field, and who are not British citizens or residents, are elected and named as International Fellow and are entitled to use FREng after their names.

International fellows 
Recently elected international fellows are shown below.

References

Royal Academy of Engineering
Royal Academy of Engineering
.