omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Bridge Stress Committee. The Bridge Stress Committee was appointed in 1923 by the UK Department of Scientific and Industrial Research under Sir Alfred Ewing, to investigate stresses in railway bridges, especially as regards the effects of moving loads. Its report, published in 1928, was very influential in British locomotive design as it enabled larger multi-cylinder locomotive classes.

Background
The increased weight of express trains in the United Kingdom during the first quarter of the twentieth century required larger, six-coupled locomotives, but new designs were being limited by the weight restrictions imposed on many underline bridges. On most mainlines this was restricted to no more than  on any axle. However, engineers were becoming increasingly aware of the significance of ‘hammer blow’ rather than ’deadweight’ in determining the safe loads for such bridges.

Committee
A committee of was established in 1923, funded jointly by the UK government and the railway companies, to carry out investigations in to the effects of hammer blow on bridges. The committee under chairmanship of the physicist Sir James Alfred Ewing consisted primarily of railway civil engineers, but Sir Henry Fowler, Chief Mechanical Engineer of the London Midland and Scottish Railway was also later invited to join.
Among the results was a better understanding of hammer blow and the effects of oscillations in both locomotive springs and bridges. One immediate impact of the investigations was an easing of the axle-load limit for locomotives with both inside and outside cylinders from   to . This enabled successful new designs such as the GWR 6000 Class and the fitting of larger  boilers to Gresley A1 class.

References

 
 
 

Civil engineering
Railway bridges
Educational organisations in Mavelikkara. The following are some educational organisations in Mavelikkara, Kerala, India.

Colleges

Art college
 Raja Ravi Varma College of Fine Arts, Mavelikkara

BEd college
 Peet Memorial Training College, Mavelikkara

Engineering colleges
 Archana College of Engineering, Nooranad.
Sree Buddha College of Engineering.
 Sri Vellapally Natesan College Of Engineering, Pallickal.

General colleges
 Bishop Moore College, Kallumala, Mavelikkara
 College of Applied Sciences (IHRD), Mavelikkara
 Mar Ivanios College, Kallumala, Mavelikara
 Peet Memorial Training College, Mavelikkara

Schools
 Govt. Higher Secondary School, Kunnam
 Govt. Boys' Higher Secondary School, Mavelikkara
 Govt. Girls' Higher Secondary School, Mavelikkara 
 Govt. L.p &U.P. Kannamangalam South
 Vijnana Vilasini Higher Secondary School, Thamarakulam
 St John's High School, Mattom
 Sree Sai Public School, Kochalummoodu 
 Bishop Moore Vidyapith, Kallumala, Mavelikkara
 Bishop Hodges Higher Secondary School, Mavelikkara
 Seventh Day Adventist English Medium High School, Mavelikkara
 Infant Jesus ISC School, Mavelikkara
 St. Mary's Cathedral Public School, Puthiyakavu
 M.S.S High School, Thazhakara
 A.V.Sanskrit U.P. School, Thazhakara
 St John's English Medium School, Mattom
 Higher Secondary and Training School, Kaitha North, Chettikulangara
 Govt. V.H.S.S. Chunakara
 N.S.S.U.P.S. Chunakara
 Sree Buddha Central School, Pattoor, Padanilam
 Sree Narayana Central School, Cherukunnam, Mavelikkara
 St Mary's Cathedral Public School Puthiyacavu, Mavelikara
 Crossland Public School, Kunnam
 S.V.L.P School, Thazhakara.
 Vidhyadhiraja Vidya Peetom Central School, Ponnaramthottam
 Vidyadhiraja Vidyapeedom L.P. School
 Vijnana Santhayani Sanskrit High School, Koypallikaranma
 Thekekkara Government U.P. School
 TMVMHS, Vettiyar
 Pope Pius XI Higher Secondary School, Kattanam
 Govt. Higher Secondary School, Chettikulangara
 TTI School
 Mahatma Higher Secondary School for Boys, Chennithala
 Mahatma Higher Secondary School for Girls, Chennithala
 Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Chennithala.
 Cherupushpa Central School, Chunakkar
 St John's M.S.C.U.P.School, Kurathikad (Pallickal East)
 Amala L.P. School, Erezha
 Vathikulam L.P. School
 Mar Ivanious School, Kallumala
 CNPPM Vocational HS, Kattachira
 NSS High School, Kurathikad
 Govt. L.P. School, Kurathikad
 S.N. Central School, Cherukunnam.
 A.G.R.M.H.S.S, Vallikunnam
 Govt. U.P. School, Varenickal
 A.O.M.M. L.P. School
 Vikram Sarabhai I.T.E.
 St Mary's Central School, Vettiyar
 Erezha U.P. School, Chettikulangara
 Govt. U.P. School, Kandiyoor
 K.K.M. Govt. V.H.S.S, Elippakulam
 Govt L.P.S, Elippakulam
 Padanilam H.S.S., Nooranad
 Little Kingdom Junior School West Fort, Mavelikara

Education in Alappuzha district
Amit Lal. Amit Lal is an American academic, a Robert M. Scharf 1977 Professor of Engineering at the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at Cornell University and director of SonicMEMS laboratory.

He served as a Program Manager at DARPA in the Microsystems Technology Office (MTO), from 2005 to 2009. At DARPA he managed ten and started six new programs in the area of navigation, low-energy computation, bio-robotics, and atomic microsystems.

References

External links 
 https://www.ece.cornell.edu/
 http://sonicmems.ece.cornell.edu/

Cornell University faculty
Physical Language Workshop. The Physical Language Workshop (PLW) was a research group at the MIT Media Laboratory from 2003 to 2008. The group led by John Maeda and designed tools for creating digital art in a networked environment. The primary impact targets of the Physical Language Workshop were in the areas of digital media service architectures, distance education, and information visualisation systems.

One major group research of PLW was OPENSTUDIO, an experimental online micro-economy for arts, where participants created and sold artwork in an online marketplace using a virtual currency. The OPENSTUDIO platform was active from 2005 to 2008.  OPENSTUDIO was developed and maintained by the PLW researchers Burak Arikan, Luis Blackaller, Annie Ding, Brent Fitzgerald, Amber Frid-Jimenez, Kate Hollenbach, Kelly Norton as well as contributions by Noah Fields, Carlos Rocha, Marc Schwartz.

On the OPENSTUDIO's community-based economic system, participants created, bought, and sold artwork with free creative tools, a flexible network infrastructure, supported by an open web services API. Draw was the first application run on OPENSTUDIO to make simple vector illustrations and stored drawing data in the SVG format. When you bought a drawing from someone, you could open it in Draw and make a new work of your own derived from the modified piece. The versions of the drawings, its connections between the modified art works, and previous owners of the works known as provenance were kept and openly presented on the platform interfaces.

The OPENSTUDIO Archive lives in a GitHub repository and contains SVG files and info to retrieve 5 years of meta-data.

Another group project was E15 (software), an OpenGL-based web environment for creating rich interactions with existing web content. E15 was developed by Kyle Buza, Takashi Okamoto, Luis Blackaller, and Kate Hollenbach.

History
The origins of Physical Language Workshop lies in the research of the Aesthetics and Computation Group (1996 - 2003)  also led by John Maeda, as well as the Visible Language Workshop (1974 - 1994) led by Muriel Cooper at the MIT Media Laboratory.

In 1985, the Visible Language Workshop joined the MIT Architectural Machine Group, and the Center for Advanced Visual Studies (CAVS) to form the MIT Media Lab, which was instituted by Professor Nicholas Negroponte and former MIT President and Science Advisor to President John F. Kennedy, Jerome Wiesner.

References 

Massachusetts Institute of Technology
MIT Media Lab
RepRap Morgan. The RepRap Morgan is an open-source fused deposition modeling 3D printer. The Morgan is part of the RepRap project and has an unusual SCARA arm design. The first Morgan printer was designed by Quentin Harley, a South African engineer (working for Siemens at the time) at the House4Hack Makerspace in Centurion. The SCARA arm design was developed due to the lack of access to components of existing 3D printer designs in South Africa and their relatively high cost. In 2013 the Morgan won the HumanityPlus Uplift Personal Manufacturing Prize and third place in the Gauteng Accelerator Program.

The Morgan name comes from the RepRap convention of naming printers after famous deceased biologists.  The Morgan printers was named after Thomas Hunt Morgan.  He worked on the genome of the common fruitfly with his wife, Lilian Vaughan Morgan.  Their names were used in the development codenames for the first two generations of Morgan 3D Printers.

Morgan printers are now manufactured full-time by the inventor in a small workshop factory in the House4Hack makerspace.

Versions
There are four versions of the RepRap Morgan, the Morgan v1 (codenamed Thomas), Morgan Pro, Morgan Mega and Morgan Pro 2 (codenamed Lilian).

External links
 Official website
 RepRap Morgan page on the RepRap.org
 RepRap Morgan files on Github

References

Open hardware electronic devices
3D printers
RepRap project
Energy Supply Improvement Investment Program (Afghanistan). The Energy Supply Improvement Investment Program is a proposed electric power transmission link intended to supply Afghanistan with power from other Central Asian countries as well as interconnecting the ten separate power grids within Afghanistan. It is unofficially known as TUTAP, which stands for the names of the countries involved: Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Pakistan. The project was approved by the Asian Development Bank on 15 December 2015.

A decision to reroute the project through Salang Pass, rather than Bamyan Province, led to a protest by Hazara people, organising as the Enlightenment Movement, who felt that this decision would continue the long-term discrimination against Hazaras. On 23 July 2016, this protest was bombed, killing at least 80 people and injuring 260.

References 

Electric power in Afghanistan
Stuart Dalziel. Stuart Bruce Dalziel is a British and New Zealand fluid dynamicist. He is currently based at the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at the University of Cambridge, where he has directed the GKB Laboratory since 1997. He was promoted to the rank of Professor in 2016.

Dalziel completed his PhD in Cambridge in 1988, under the supervision of Paul Linden.

Dalziel's research areas include stratified turbulence and internal gravity waves.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Fluid dynamicists
British physicists
Fellows of the American Physical Society
20th-century New Zealand physicists
21st-century British physicists
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
AEL Sistemas. AEL Sistemas S.A. is a Brazilian-based defence electronics company. The company is a subsidiary of Elbit Systems with 25 percent acquired by the Embraer's defense division. AEL operates in the areas of fixed and rotary wings, unmanned vehicles, homeland security, armored vehicles, communication systems, contracted of logistics support, space systems and simulators.

AEL Sistemas participates of the transfer of technology program of Gripen NG, and will supply its avionics with innovative features such as a "wide area display" (WAD), a panoramic 19 by 8 inches touchscreen display similar to Lockheed F-35 panoramic cockpit display.

The company also developed the Link-BR2, a datalink with an advanced encrypted protocol and high degree of security, that allow the exchange of data such radar information, videos and images with other units of the three branches anytime and anywhere. Very few countries in the world developed this type of communication system.

References

Aerospace companies of Brazil
Avionics companies
Defence companies of Brazil
Brazilian brands
Manufacturing companies of Brazil
Weapons trade
Electronics companies of Brazil
Economy of Porto Alegre
Osymetric. Osymetric is a French make of ovoid bicycle chainring which has a non-circular shape whose angle is tailored to the pedal stroke of the individual cyclist.  These were designed by engineer Jean-Louis Talo who claims that this improves cycling performance.  Such chainrings were used by professional cyclists Bradley Wiggins and Chris Froome for their Tour de France victories.

See also
 Biopace

References

Cycle parts manufacturers
International Electric Propulsion Conference. The International Electric Propulsion Conference (IEPC) in its current form is a biennial academic conference in the field of electric space propulsion and hosted by the Electric Rocket Propulsion Society (ERPS). It was originally organized by the American Rocket Society (ARS) and later by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) as a US-American national conference and was expanded starting in 1976 to its current international character with the joining of international space engineering societies. Currently, few hundred engineers and scientists join the conference and present and discuss the latest developments and research results regarding electric propulsion.

List of electric propulsion conferences

Proceedings of the recent conferences are available on the website of the ERPS: IEPC archive.

External links
IEPC 2024
Electric Rocket Propulsion Society
Conference paper archive

Academic conferences
Geospatial Research Laboratory. The Geospatial Research Laboratory (GRL) is a component of the Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC), a US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) laboratory organization whose mission is to "Provide science, technology, and expertise in engineering and environmental sciences in support of our Armed Forces and the Nation to make the world safer and better." The laboratory is colocated with the Army Geospatial Center in the Humphreys Engineer Center adjacent to Fort Belvoir. The headquarters is located in Vicksburg, Mississippi, on the site of an antecedent organization, the Waterways Experiment Station. GRL conducts geospatial research, development, technology and evaluation of current and emerging geospatial technologies that will help characterize and measure phenomena within the physical (terrain) and social (cultural) environments encountered by the Army.

GRL research areas and capabilities include terrain analysis and reasoning; passive and active spectral signature analysis; fluorescence; photogrammetry; terrain visualization; precision surveying and mapping; image analysis; data management; geographic information systems; data/image fusion; and spatio-temporal reasoning and numerical analysis.

History
In October 1999, the Corps of Engineers established a system of laboratories, called the Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC). The ERDC was a consolidation of seven, pre-existing laboratories, the Coastal and Hydraulics, Environmental, Geotechnical and Structures, and Information Technology Laboratories in Vicksburg, Mississippi; the Construction Engineering Research Laboratory in Champaign, Illinois; the Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory in Hanover, New Hampshire; and the Topographic Engineering Center in Alexandria, Virginia, which became the Army Geospatial Center (AGC) and started reporting directly to the Corps of Engineers as of 2009. As of 2014, ERDC still maintained a Geospatial Research Laboratory (GRL) collocated in Alexandria with AGC.
 ERDC won the Army Research Laboratory of the Year award five times in its first eight years.

List of other ERDC laboratories
 Coastal and Hydraulics Laboratory, Vicksburg, Mississippi
 Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Hanover, New Hampshire
 Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, Illinois
 Environmental Laboratory, Vicksburg, Mississippi
 Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory, Vicksburg, Mississippi
 Information Technology Laboratory, Vicksburg, Mississippi

References

External links
 ERDC Homepage
 ERDC library, with digitized copies of ERDC publications
 US Army Corps of Engineers webpage
 ERDC DoD Supercomputing Resource Center (DSRC)
 Survey number HAER MS-2 - Waterways Experiment Station, Hydraulics Laboratory, Halls Ferry Road, 2 miles south of I-20, Vicksburg, Warren County, MS

United States Army Corps of Engineers
Fairfax_County,_Virginia
Military in Virginia
Military simulation
Military cartography
Geographic data and information organizations in the United States
1999 establishments in Virginia
Rans S-21 Outbound. The Rans S-21 Outbound is an American STOL homebuilt aircraft that was designed by Randy Schlitter and is produced by Rans Designs of Hays, Kansas. It was introduced at AirVenture in 2016. The aircraft is supplied as a quick-build kit for amateur construction or ready-to-fly.

Design and development
The S-21 Outbound features a strut-braced high-wing, a two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration enclosed cabin accessed via doors, fixed tricycle landing gear or optionally conventional landing gear and a single engine in tractor configuration.

The aircraft is made from aluminum sheet, with both leading edge and trailing edge extruded spars. The sheet metal parts employ final-size matched holes to reduce builder errors and speed construction. Its  span wing mounts flaps and has a wing area of . The standard engine used is the  Continental Titan X-340 powerplant. Tundra tires up to  may be fitted.

The aircraft has a typical empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload for the crew/pilot, passengers and baggage is .

The S-21 competes with the CubCrafters Carbon Cub EX and the American Legend Super Legend HP in the kit aircraft market.

The prototype, registered N215RD, first flew on 17 December 2017, it gained special light-sport aircraft approval in March 2018 with the Rotax 912 ULS, Rotax 912 iS, Lycoming YO-233 and Titan OX-340 engines.

Operational history
In a review for KitPlanes magazine writer Dave Prizio stated that aircraft amateur builders, "seem to want a high-wing utility plane they can use to knock around the backcountry. It's nice to be able to get from here to there at 180 knots, but if there ends up being a 1200-foot dirt strip, an RV-8 doesn't look like the best choice for the trip. The point is that the utility plane is the hot ticket right now, and RANS seems to have come up with just the right plane at just the right time. And if the S-21 with a 100-hp Rotax is a good plane (it is), it is a better plane with 180 hp—a much better plane. This S-21 with the big engine and big tires was a hit at Sun 'n Fun 2019. Everyone wanted a demo ride in this popular new configuration of what is proving to be a very popular plane."

Specifications (S-21 Outbound)

References

External links

Rans S-21
Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 2017
Ernest Bussey. Ernest William Bussey  (9 December 1891 – 16 July 1958) was a British trade union leader.

Bussey grew up in West Ham and qualified as an electrical engineer.  He worked for the West Ham Corporation, then for London County Council.  He also became active in the Electrical Trades Union (ETU), and in 1931 was elected as its General President.

In 1941, the ETU's longstanding General Secretary, Jimmy Rowan, retired.  Bussey was elected as his replacement, and also took over Rowan's place on the General Council of the Trades Union Congress.  In his obituary, Walter Citrine noted that "he never pandered to the more ardently militant section" of the union.  

Bussey stood down from his trade union posts at the end of 1946 to join the British Electricity Authority, and was also made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire.  From 1952, he was the chair of the Joint Negotiating Committee for the electricity industry.  He retired in 1956, and died two years later.

References

1891 births
1958 deaths
General presidents of the Electrical Trades Union (United Kingdom)
General secretaries of the Electrical Trades Union (United Kingdom)
Members of the General Council of the Trades Union Congress
People from West Ham
Walter Stevens (trade unionist). Walter Charles Stevens (26 September 1904 – 24 October 1954) was a British trade unionist.

Born in Woolwich, Stevens began working at the age of ten, and completed an apprenticeship as an electrician by the age of twenty.  He soon became a sound engineer at Denham Studios, and was also active in the Electrical Trades Union (ETU).

Stevens became a full-time employee of the ETU in his thirties, serving for a while as the union's London Area Secretary, and in 1942 he was elected as Assistant General Secretary.  Around 1946, he joined the Communist Party of Great Britain and, in 1948, he became General Secretary of the ETU.  He won a landslide victory, with more than three times the votes of his opponent.

In office, Stevens moved the union in a more militant direction, organising a wave of strikes in late 1953 and early 1954.

In his spare time, Stevens enjoyed attending boxing matches, and he was involved in founding the Professional Boxers' Association.  He stood in the 1952 and 1953 elections for the General Council of the Trades Union Congress, but was unsuccessful.

Stevens was seriously injured in a car accident in October 1954, and died a week later, aged 50.

References

1904 births
1954 deaths
Communist Party of Great Britain members
General secretaries of the Electrical Trades Union (United Kingdom)
People from Woolwich
Road incident deaths in England
USS Bougainville (LHA-8). USS Bougainville (LHA-8) is an   currently under construction for the United States Navy. She will be the second Navy ship to be named Bougainville.

Design

The design of Bougainville is based on , which is an improved version of the . While Makin Island has a well deck, the earlier two Flight 0 America-class ships  and  were designed and built without a well deck to make space for aircraft and aviation fuel. Bougainville will be the first Flight I America-class ship, and as such will include a well deck. The design of the Flight I America-class ships, including that of Bougainville, adopts a compromise, incorporating a slightly smaller aircraft hangar as well as smaller medical and other spaces to fit a small well deck for surface connector operations. The island structure will also be modified to free up more room on the flight deck to accommodate maintenance of V-22s, compensating for some of the lost aircraft hangar space.

Bougainville will be the first of her class built with a redesigned and stronger main deck; the earlier America-class vessels America and Tripoli each required retrofitting in order to handle the strain of daily F-35B Lightning II flight operations. In addition, Bougainville will incorporate the AN/SPY-6 Enterprise Air Surveillance Radar (EASR) volume air search radar in lieu of the AN/SPS-48G air search radar in America and Tripoli.  The s starting with  and the planned s will also have this radar.

Construction and career 
Bougainville is being built by Huntington Ingalls Industries at their shipyard in Pascagoula, Mississippi and is expected to be delivered to the U.S. Navy in 2025.

Bougainville officially started fabrication on 16 October 2018. The ship was first laid down on 14 March 2019.

On 30 June 2023 a fire in the ship's superstructure was reported, there were six minor injuries, and reportedly minimal damage to the ship.  The fire is being investigated by the Navy and Ingalls Shipbuilding.

The Bougainville was christened on Saturday, December 2, 2023, by the ship's sponsor Ellyn Dunford, wife of United States Marine Corps General Joseph Dunford.

References

External links
Huntington Ingalls Shipbuilding: America-class of Amphibious Assault Ships

America-class amphibious assault ships