omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
AnTuTu. AnTuTu () is a software benchmarking tool commonly used to benchmark smartphones and other devices. It is owned by Chinese company Cheetah Mobile.

Operations
The company developing the software is based in Chaoyang District, Beijing, and was cofounded by Chinese entrepreneurs Shào Yīng (邵英) and Liáng Bīn (梁斌). They started multi-platform development, releasing an x86 Linux version in May 2021  and a Windows version with ray tracing support in August 2021.

Circumvention
The AnTuTu benchmark is so common that some hardware manufacturers have cheated on the benchmark, which made the benchmark unreliable. In response to cheating, AnTuTu created a new benchmark, called AnTuTu X, which made it more difficult for manufacturers to cheat on the benchmark.

Despite the changes introduced by AnTuTu X, cheating continued to be rampant; for instance, in 2021, AnTuTu delisted (and for three months, banned) the Realme GT after evidence was discovered that the phone was found to have used delay tactics in multithreading performance tests, as well as modifying the reference JPEG image for image processing tests.

Versions 

 Versions of AnTuTu

Notes 
AnTuTu maintains rankings for devices by parameters (CPU, GPU, RAM, UX, total), SoC (only Android; by CPU and GPU), and AI performance (only Android).

AnTuTu (mainland China) maintains rankings for Android devices total (standard version and lite version), SoC total, SoC AI total, positive rating and Android device cost effectiveness (¥4000 and above, ¥3000-¥3999, ¥2000-¥2999, ¥1000-¥1999 and below ¥999). Device total and positive rating for both iPhone and iPad. Vehicle total and SoC total for vehicle head unit. Clicking on any device name does not give extra details, instead it links to jd.com for easy purchase.

Scores obtained on Android and iOS cannot be compared directly due to differences in operating systems: core architecture, different programming languages, and graphical APIs.

References

External links 

  
  

Benchmarks (computing)
Chinese brands
Companies based in Beijing
Privately held companies of China
M. Annamalai (scientist). M. Annamalai, from the South Indian state of Karnataka, is a space scientist. He is a former director of the Satish Dhawan Space Centre, in Sriharikota and holds the position of the Senior Advisor (Space Transportations Systems) at ISRO.

Annamalai is a post graduate in Space Engineering from the Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru and joined ISRO in 1970. He is credited with contributions in many areas of vehicle launch such as infrastructure development, design, integration and testing. He has also designed the 1.2 M Infrared astronomy telescope of Physical Research Laboratory at Mount Abu and many Antenna mounts for the ISRO network for tracking satellites and launch vehicles. The Government of India honored Annamalai in 2011, with the fourth highest civilian award of Padma Shri.

See also
 Satish Dhawan Space Centre
 Indian Space Research Organization

References

External links

Living people
Recipients of the Padma Shri in science & engineering
Indian Space Research Organisation people
Scientists from Karnataka
Indian Institute of Science alumni
1948 births
Denison Barracks. Denison Barracks is a British Army installation at Hermitage in Berkshire, England.

History
The site was used as an American military hospital during the Second World War before becoming the home of Royal School of Military Survey in 1949. The barracks were named after General Sir William Denison, a prominent Royal Engineer. In order to consolidate all survey activities in one location, the rest of the Military Survey organisation moved to the site in the 1960s. 42 Engineer Regiment (Geographic) were formed at the barracks in 1987.

In March 2013, the Ministry of Defence announced a £10 million investment to allow the Military Stabilisation Support Unit, the Defence Cultural Specialist Unit, Land Intelligence Fusion Centre and 15 Psychological Operations Group to move onto the site. In July 2014, 42 Engineer Regiment (Geographic) left the barracks and moved to RAF Wyton. 

77th Brigade moved to the site and became fully operational in April 2015. The brigade consists of "Tactical PsyOps teams" as well as experts in photography, journalism, marketing, social media, AI, academia & research (mis-information), graphic design and more.

Units 
The units currently located at this barracks are:

 Headquarters, 77th Brigade
 Royal School of Military Survey
 Specialist Group Military Intelligence (Reserve)
 73 Military Intelligence Company (Reserve)

References

Barracks in England
Buildings and structures in Berkshire
Installations of the British Army
Military history of Berkshire
Chieveley
Gates Iron Works. Gates Iron Works was a U.S. manufacturer of machinery, specialized in rock and cement milling equipment. It was based in Chicago and merged into the Allis-Chalmers Company in 1901

History

Origin 
Thomas Chalmers was a Scottish immigrant to America who came to the U.S. about 1842. By 1844 he was at Chicago, Illinois and had found work with P.W. Gates, whose foundry and blacksmithing shops produced plows, wagons, and flour-milling equipment. 

The Gates firm "built the first steam-operated sawmill in the country at a time when Chicago was the leading producer of milled lumber in the country."

1870s-90s 
In 1872, Thomas Chalmers founded the Fraser & Chalmers firm to manufacture mining machinery, boilers, and pumps. By 1880 steam engines were part of the product line and by 1890, the firm had become one of the world's largest manufacturers of mining equipment. Thomas Chalmers's son, William James Chalmers, was president of the company from circa 1890 to 1901. Meanwhile, the Gates Iron Works, with Chalmers family involvement, had become a manufacturer of crushers, pulverizers, and other rock and cement milling equipment.

Another Scottish immigrant family, the Dickson family, came to Canada and the U.S. in the 1830s. By 1852, they had organized a small machine shop and foundry (Dickson & Company) in Scranton, Pennsylvania. In 1856 Thomas Dickson became its president, and in 1862 the firm incorporated as the Dickson Manufacturing Company. By 1900 they were building boilers, steam engines, locomotives, internal combustion engines, blowers, and air compressors.

Merger, 1901 
By 1901 the principals of the Edward P. Allis, Fraser & Chalmers, and Gates firms had decided to merge their companies. Edwin Reynolds believed Allis could control the industrial engine business. In May 1901 the Allis-Chalmers Company was formed. 

It acquired Dickson's industrial engine business. Dickson's locomotive business was rolled into the new locomotive consolidation, the American Locomotive Company (ALCO).

References

External links 

Engine manufacturers of the United States
List of Royal Air Force Glider units. This is a list of Royal Air Force glider units.

Gliding Schools

1-100

100-200

200-700

Volunteer Gliding Schools

Other Glider units

See also

Royal Air Force

List of Royal Air Force aircraft squadrons
List of Royal Air Force aircraft independent flights
List of conversion units of the Royal Air Force
List of Royal Air Force Operational Training Units
List of Royal Air Force schools
List of Royal Air Force units & establishments
List of RAF squadron codes
List of RAF Regiment units
List of Battle of Britain squadrons
List of wings of the Royal Air Force
Royal Air Force roundels

Army Air Corps

List of Army Air Corps aircraft units

Fleet Air Arm

List of Fleet Air Arm aircraft squadrons
List of Fleet Air Arm groups
List of aircraft units of the Royal Navy
List of aircraft wings of the Royal Navy

Others

List of Air Training Corps squadrons
University Air Squadron
Air Experience Flight
Volunteer Gliding Squadron
United Kingdom military aircraft serial numbers
United Kingdom aircraft test serials
British military aircraft designation systems

References

Citations

Bibliography

 
Gliders
Yang Shuzi. Yang Shuzi (5 September 1933 – 4 November 2022) was a Chinese engineer. He was born in an intellectual family in Hukou, in the Jiangxi Province. After he earned his bachelor's degree at Huazhong Institute of Technology in 1956, he became a faculty member there. His research mainly focused on machinery diagnostics, information technology, and intelligent technology. In 1991 he was elected a member of Chinese Academy of Sciences, from 1993 to 1997 he was the president of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. He also developed the cutting vibration theory and error compensation technique as well as cutting monitoring and control systems, non-disassembled engine diagnosis systems, and nondestructive testing theory and technique of steel wire rope.

Yang died on 4 November 2022, at the age of 89.

References

1933 births
2022 deaths
Educators from Jiangxi
Engineers from Jiangxi
Members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
People from Jiujiang
Presidents of Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Huazhong University of Science and Technology alumni
Wuhan University alumni
John Matthews (engineer). John Matthews CBE (born 4 July 1930) is a British agricultural engineer who was Pro-Chancellor of the University of Luton.

Career

Agriculture
An agricultural engineer, Matthews joined Great Britain's National Institute of Agricultural Engineering (NIAE) in 1959, He was its Director from 1984 to 1990, during which time it became known as the Agriculture and Food Research Council.

Matthews' research interests were in the health and safety of agricultural workers, including noise, vibration, posture and mental stress; and also in robotic systems development.
While at the Institute, he served as chairman on health and safety issues of the ISO and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.

Matthews received the  Royal Agricultural Society Research Medal in 1983 and several international awards: the Max Eyth Medallion in 1990, Fellow of Accademia dei Georgofili in 1991, and Order of Agricultural Merit (Ordre du Mérite Agricole) in 1992.

Higher education 
From 1989 to 1993, Matthews was Chairman of Governors at Luton College of Higher Education leading up to its achievement of university status in 1993. He then became Pro-Chancellor and Chair of Governors for the  University from 1993 to 1998.

Matthews was Non-Executive Director, Ceredigion and Mid Wales NHS Trust from 1993 to 2003 and its Vice Chairman from 2000. He chaired its research and development committee from 1993 to 2003 and its audit committee from 2000 to 2003. He also chaired the All-Wales workshops on 'The Assurance Agenda'.

References

Sources
"Matthews, John", Who's Who 2014, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 2014; online edition, Oxford University Press, November 2014

1930 births
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Academics of the University of Bedfordshire
Agricultural engineers
British engineers
Victoria Mill. Victoria Mill is a Grade II* listed 19th-century cotton spinning mill in Miles Platting, Manchester, England. It was a double mill designed by George Woodhouse and completed in 1869.

Built alongside the Rochdale Canal and Varley Street, Victoria Mills were constructed for William Holland & Sons, of the Adelphi Mill, Salford. It was designed by George Woodhouse of Bolton as a six storey double mill with shared engine house. It had an octagonal chimney. The mill was acquired by the Fine Cotton Spinners and Doublers Association in 1898 and worked to 1960, and has now been converted into office space and residential use.

See also

Grade II* listed buildings in Greater Manchester
Listed buildings in Manchester-M40

References

External links
 Cottontown.org website
 Spinningtheweb.org website

Textile mills in Manchester
Cotton mills in Greater Manchester
Former textile mills in the United Kingdom
Grade II* listed buildings in Manchester
Grade II* listed industrial buildings
Sint Martinus, Didam. Sint Martinus () is a tower mill in Didam, Gelderland, Netherlands which was built in 1855 and has been restored to working order. The mill is listed as a Rijksmonument.

History
In 1854, Theodorus Kempers was given permission to build a corn and pearl barley mill at Didam. The mill was completed in 1855. In 1942, the sails were fitted with streamlined leading edges on the Van Bussel system. Later, two Ten Have sails were fitted. On 12 November 1964, the mill caught fire. It was subsequently restored. In 1973, the mill stopped working because a pair of sails were loose in the canister of the windshaft. The mill was returned to working order in 1977. The work was carried out by millwright Groot Wesseldijk of Laren, North Holland. By 1997, the mill was again in need of restoration, and a planning application was made for the replacement of the sails. It was not until 2007 that the mill was restored to working order. The mill being sold in that year to the Stichting St. Martinusmolen. Sint Martinusmolen is listed as a Rijksmonument, № 12869.

Description

Sint Martinusmolen is what the Dutch call a "Beltmolen". It is a three storey tower mill built into a mound which is  high. There is no stage, the sails reaching almost down to ground level. The cap is covered in dakleer. Winding is by tailpole and winch. The sails are a pair of Common sails, fitted with the Fauël system on their leading edges; and a pair of Ten Have sails, fitted with the Van Bussel system on their leading edges. They have a span of . They are carried on a cast iron windshaft. The windshaft also carries the brake wheel, which has 59 cogs. This drives a wallower with 32 cogs, which is situated at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft is the great spur wheel, which has 95 cogs. This drives a pair of  diameter French Burr millstones via a lantern pinion stone nut with 27 staves.

Public access
Sint Martinus is open on Saturday from 10:00 to 16:00, or by appointment.

References

External links

Mill website 

Windmills in Gelderland
Windmills completed in 1855
Tower mills in the Netherlands
Grinding mills in the Netherlands
Agricultural buildings in the Netherlands
Rijksmonuments in Gelderland
Montferland
Keldysh Research Center. The State Scientific Centre Keldysh Research Center ()  is a research institute in Moscow, Russia. It is based at 8 Onezhskaya Street (street article in Russian Wikipedia).

History
Prior to World War II it was known as the Reactive Scientific Research Institute  (or Jet Propulsion Research Institute or shortly Jet Institute) or Research Institute for Jet Propulsion (commonly known by the joint initialism RNII; ), and was responsible for the development of the Katyusha rocket launcher.

Until 1991 it was known as the Scientific Research Institute of Thermal Processes (NII Thermal Processes, NIITP; НИИ тепловых процессов, НИИТП), conducting research and development in the areas of electrophysics, space instrumentation, propulsion, and power units. Like other organizations formerly subordinate to the Soviet Ministry of General Machine Building, NIITP marketed its products through Obshchemashexport.

It is now named after M. V. Keldysh, one of the key figures behind the Soviet space program. It is a Federal State Unitary Enterprise that is part of the Russian Space Agency. According to the World Nuclear Association, the center is developing a nuclear reactor for space that was suggested to be launched in 2020.

See also 
 Gas Dynamics Laboratory
 Group for the Study of Reactive Motion

References

External links
 Website (in English)

Research institutes in Russia
Companies based in Moscow
Roscosmos divisions and subsidiaries
Nuclear research institutes in Russia
Rocket engine manufacturers of Russia
Federal State Unitary Enterprises of Russia
Research institutes established in 1933
Research institutes in the Soviet Union
1933 establishments in Russia
BSTAR. BSTAR is a way of modeling aerodynamic drag on a satellite in the simplified general perturbation model 4 satellite orbit propagation model.

Traditionally, aerodynamic resistance ("drag") is given by

where
 is the air density,
 is the drag coefficient,
 is the frontal area, and
 is the velocity.

The acceleration due to drag is then

In aerodynamic theory, the factor

is the inverse of the ballistic coefficient, and its unit is area per mass. Further incorporating a reference air density and the factor of two in the denominator, we get the starred ballistic coefficient:

thus reducing the expression for the acceleration due to drag to

As it can be seen,  has a unit of inverse length. For orbit propagation purposes, there is a field for BSTAR drag in two-line element set (TLE) files, where it is to be given in units of inverse Earth radii. The corresponding reference air density is given as . One must be very careful when using the value of  released in the TLEs, as it is fitted to work on the SGP4 orbit propagation framework and, as a consequence, may even be negative as an effect of unmodelled forces on the orbital determination process.

References

Spaceflight concepts
Orbits
Celier Aviation. Celier Aviation is an aircraft manufacturer, founded by Raphael Celier in France in 1993. The company was moved to Piotrków Trybunalski, Poland in 2006 and Safi, Malta in 2017. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of autogyros available in kit form and also as fully assembled aircraft.

The company established its reputation with the two-seat side-by-side configuration Celier Xenon 2 series of autogyros. By 2011 over 100 of these were flying. Celier subsequently developed a tandem-seat design, the Kiss, but it was not produced in large numbers. By 2014 the company was offering only the Xenon 4, a development of the Xenon 2.

The company also developed the XeWing, a fixed wing light aircraft using the fuselage and engine of the Xenon 2, but mounting a folding strut-braced parasol wing in place of the autogyro's main rotor. The design was shown at AERO Friedrichshafen in 2009, but was never offered for sale and it is unlikely it was ever developed beyond a single prototype.

Aircraft

References

External links

Official website archives on archive.org

Aircraft manufacturers of Poland
Autogyros
Homebuilt aircraft
Alt-Ergo. Alt-Ergo, an automatic solver for mathematical formulas, is mainly used in formal program verification. It operates on the principle of satisfiability modulo theories (SMT). Development was undertaken by researchers at the Paris-Sud University, Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique, Inria Saclay Ile-de-France, and CNRS. Since 2013, project management and oversight has been conducted by OCamlPro company. It is released under the free and open-source software CeCILL-C license.

Technologies

Design choices 
Alt-Ergo employs a specialized input language with prenex polymorphism, designed to reduce the number of axioms requiring quantification and to simplify the complexity of problems. While Alt-Ergo offers partial support for the SMT-LIB 2 language, its efficiency with SMT files is comparatively limited.

Main components 
The core architecture of Alt-Ergo comprises three main elements: a depth-first search (DFS)-based SAT solver, a quantifiers instantiation engine that uses e-matching, and an assembly of decision procedures for a range of built-in theories. These components collectively enable Alt-Ergo's abilities in automatic formula solving.

Built-in theories 
Alt-Ergo implements (semi-)decision procedures for the following theories:
 Empty theory
 Linear integer arithmetic
 Linear rational arithmetic
 Non-linear arithmetic
 Floating point arithmetic
 Polymorphic arrays
 Enumerated data types
 AC symbols
 Record data types

Industrial uses 
Several verification platforms are built on Alt-Ergo:
 Why3, a platform for deductive program verification, uses Alt-Ergo as main prover
 CAVEAT, a C-verifier developed by CEA and used by Airbus; Alt-Ergo was included in the qualification DO-178C of one of its aircraft
 Frama-C, a framework to analyse C-code, uses Alt-Ergo in the Jessie and WP plugins (dedicated to deductive program verification)
 SPARK, uses Alt-Ergo (behind GNATprove) to automate the verification of some assertions in Spark 2014
 Atelier-B can use Alt-Ergo instead of its main prover (raising success from 84% to 98% on ANR Bware project benchmarks)
 Rodin, a B-method framework developed by Systerel, can use Alt-Ergo as a back-end
 Cubicle, an open source model checker to verify safety properties of array-based transition systems
 EasyCrypt, a toolset for reasoning about relational properties of probabilistic computations with adversarial code
 BWARE
 Cafein
 FUI Hi-Lite
 Decert
 ADT Alt-Ergo
 A3PAT

See also

 Formal verification
 Z3 Theorem Prover

References

External links
, OcamlPro
Alt-Ergo at LRI

OCaml software
Formal methods tools
Software testing tools
Linux software
Liquid Light. Liquid Light is a New Jersey–based company that develops and licenses electrochemical process technology to make chemicals from carbon dioxide (CO2). The company has more than 100 patents and patent applications for the technology that can produce multiple chemicals such as ethylene glycol, propylene, isopropanol, methyl-methacrylate and acetic acid.  Funding has been provided by VantagePoint Capital Partners, BP Ventures, Chrysalix Energy Venture Capital, Osage University Partners and Sustainable Conversion Ventures. Liquid Light's technology can be used to produce more than 60 chemicals, but its first targeted process is for the production of monoethylene glycol (MEG) which has a $27 billion annual market. MEG is used to make a wide range of consumer products including plastic bottles, antifreeze and polyester fiber.

Company history
Liquid Light began operations in 2009 with seed capital from Redpoint Ventures after being co-founded by Kyle Teamey, Emily Cole, Andrew Bocarsly, Fouad Elnaggar and Nety Krishna. The company licensed technology developed by Bocarsly and Cole at Princeton University for electrochemical conversion of carbon dioxide to chemicals and subsequently began to develop additional technology for commercial implementation and to broaden the potential product offerings. After validating the technology at lab scale and beginning engineering scale-up, the company unveiled the first product, a process for making MEG, in March 2014 and subsequently won significant industry recognition including the CCEMC Grand Challenge, the CleanTech 100 Rising Star of the Year, and a #1 ranking in Biofuels Digest’s 40 Hottest Smaller Companies in the Advanced Bioeconomy. The company closed a $15 million series B round of investment in September 2014 from investors including VantagePoint Capital Partners, Chrysalix Energy Venture Capital, Osage University Partners, Sustainable Conversion Ventures, and BP Ventures.

On January 10, 2017, Avantium announced its acquisition of Liquid Light for an undisclosed amount.

Technology 
Liquid Light’s core technology is based on the principles of electrochemistry and electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide. The process under development for production of MEG first converts carbon dioxide into a two carbon intermediate called oxalate or oxalic acid. Oxalate is then converted to MEG in separate process steps that have potentially lower costs of production than petroleum-based processes. Liquid Light has developed additional technology to make other products from oxalic acid including glycolic acid, glyoxylic acid, acetic acid, and ethanol.

See also 
Carbon dioxide

References

External links 
 Company web site

Companies based in New Jersey
Chemical companies of the United States