omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
German corvette Braunschweig. Braunschweig (F260) is the lead ship of the Braunschweig-class corvette of the German Navy.

Development 
The K130 Braunschweig class (sometimes Korvette 130) is Germany's newest class of ocean-going corvettes. Five ships have replaced the  of the German Navy.

The ships feature reduced radar and infrared signatures ("stealth" beyond the s) and will be equipped with two helicopter UAVs for remote sensing. The German Navy ordered a first batch of two UMS Skeldar V-200 systems for the use on the Braunschweig-class corvettes. The hangar is too small for standard helicopters, but the pad is large enough for the Sea King, Lynx, and NH-90 helicopters operated by the German Navy.

The German Navy has ordered the RBS-15 Mk4 anti-ship missiles in advance, which will be a future development of the Mk3 with increased range —— and a dual seeker for increased resistance to electronic countermeasures. The RBS-15 Mk3 has the capability to engage land targets.

In October 2016 the German Government announced that a second batch of five frigates is to be procured from 2022–2025. The decision was in response to NATO requirements expecting Germany to provide a total of four corvettes at the highest readiness level for littoral operations by 2018, and with only five corvettes just two can be provided.

Construction 
Braunschweig was laid down on 3 December 2004 and launched on 19 April 2006 in Hamburg. She was commissioned on 16 April 2008.

Operation 
Braunschweig and the Indonesian corvette  conducted a joint exercise, as part of UNIFIL, on 24 June 2017. 

On 19 August 2020, Braunschweig served as a platform for shipborne trials of two UMS Skeldar V-200 UAVs.

On 16 August 2024, she was towed up the Thames in London, and moored alongside . On 19 August 2024, Braunschweig played the Imperial March as she was towed out of London.

References

Bibliography 

 

Corvettes 
Stealth ships
Braunschweig-class corvettes
2006 ships
German corvette Erfurt. Erfurt (F262) is the third ship of the Braunschweig-class corvette of the German Navy.

Developments 
The K130 Braunschweig class (sometimes Korvette 130) is Germany's newest class of ocean-going corvettes. Five ships have replaced the  of the German Navy.

They feature reduced radar and infrared signatures ("stealth" beyond the s) and will be equipped with two helicopter UAVs for remote sensing. Recently, the German Navy ordered a first batch of two UMS Skeldar V-200 systems for the use on the Braunschweig-class corvettes. The hangar is too small for standard helicopters, but the pad is large enough for Sea Kings, Lynx, or NH-90s, the helicopters of the German Navy.

The German Navy has ordered the RBS-15 Mk4 in advance, which will be a future development of the Mk3 with increased range —— and a dual seeker for increased resistance to electronic countermeasures. The RBS-15 Mk3 has the capability to engage land targets.

In October 2016 it was announced that a second batch of five more frigates is to be procured from 2022–25. The decision was in response to NATO requirements expecting Germany to provide a total of four corvettes at the highest readiness level for littoral operations by 2018, and with only five corvettes just two can be provided.

Construction and career 
Erfurt was laid down on 22 September 2005 and launched on 29 March 2007 in Hamburg. She was commissioned on 28 February 2013.

Erfurt successful escorted a World Food Programme vessel MV Eleni K across the Gulf of Aden from Berbera which is part of Operation Atalanta on 13 December 2015.

Gallery

References

Bibliography 
 

Corvettes
Stealth ships
Braunschweig-class corvettes
2007 ships
German corvette Oldenburg. Oldenburg (F263) is the fourth ship of the Braunschweig-class corvette of the German Navy.

Developments 
The K130 Braunschweig class (sometimes Korvette 130) is Germany's newest class of ocean-going corvettes. Five ships have replaced the  of the German Navy.

They feature reduced radar and infrared signatures ("stealth" beyond the s) and will be equipped with two helicopter UAVs for remote sensing. Recently, the German Navy ordered a first batch of two UMS Skeldar V-200 systems for the use on the Braunschweig-class corvettes. The hangar is too small for standard helicopters, but the pad is large enough for Sea Kings, Lynx, or NH-90s, the helicopters of the German Navy.

The German Navy has ordered the RBS-15 Mk4 in advance, which will be a future development of the Mk3 with increased range —— and a dual seeker for increased resistance to electronic countermeasures. The RBS-15 Mk3 has the capability to engage land targets.

In October 2016 it was announced that a second batch of five more corvettes is to be procured from 2022–25. The decision was in response to NATO requirements expecting Germany to provide a total of four corvettes at the highest readiness level for littoral operations by 2018, and with only five corvettes just two can be provided.

Construction and career 
Oldenburg was laid down on 19 January 2006 and launched on 28 June 2007 in Hamburg. She was commissioned on 21 January 2013.

Oldenburg and KRI Sultan Hasanuddin conducted a logistic exercise in the Mediterranean Sea on 30 March 2019.

Gallery

References

Bibliography 
 

Corvettes 
Stealth ships
Braunschweig-class corvettes
2007 ships
Huanghai Major. The Huanghai Major (小柴神) is a compact pickup truck manufactured in the China by the Chinese automobile manufacturer SG Automotive since 2007.

Overview

The Huanghai Major is available with two engines including the 2.2 liter four-cylinder petrol engine producing 103 hp and 193 nm of torque, and a 2.4 liter four-cylinder turbo diesel engine producing 88 hp and a torque of 225 nm, both mated to a 5-speed manual gearbox. Prices of the Huanghai Major ranges from 54,800 yuan to 62,800 yuan.

Styling of the Huanghai Major has been controversial as the exterior design is heavily resembling the second generation Toyota Tacoma.

References

External links
 Huanghai website

2000s cars
Pickup trucks
Cars introduced in 2007
Trucks of China
Rear-wheel-drive vehicles
All-wheel-drive vehicles
Halvor Bothner-By. Halvor Bothner-By (August 20, 1938 - June 13, 2014) was a telecommunication engineer of the Norwegian Telecommunications Administration. 

He was a rapporteur on packet switching for the CCITT. As such, he chaired the group that, in March 1975, proposed to the CCITT Recommendation X.2x on  virtual circuits to be offered by public networks. After its unanimous approval at the May 1976 CCITT plenary, it became the well-known protocol X.25.

He was also renowned for having coined the term datagram in the early seventies on a train between Paris and Rennes on the way to attend a CEPT Rapporteur meeting.

References

1938 births
2014 deaths
Telecommunications engineers
20th-century Norwegian engineers
X.25
OTV-6. USA-299, also referred to as USSF-7 and Orbital Test Vehicle 6 (OTV-6), is the third flight of the first Boeing X-37B, an American unmanned vertical-takeoff, horizontal-landing spaceplane. It was launched to low Earth orbit aboard an Atlas V launch vehicle from SLC-41 on 17 May 2020. Its mission designation is part of the USA series.

The spaceplane is operated by the Department of the Air Force Rapid Capabilities Office and United States Space Force, which considers the mission classified and as such has not revealed the objectives. However an unclassified secondary satellite, FalconSat-8, was deployed from the X-37B soon after launch.

Mission 
OTV-6 is the third mission for the first X-37B built, and the sixth X-37B mission overall. It flew on an Atlas V in the 501 configuration, and launched from Cape Canaveral Space Launch Complex 41. This flight is the first time the space plane has been equipped with a service module to carry additional pieces for experiments.

OTV-6 was deployed into an orbit with an inclination of approximately 44.60°.

OTV-6 landed after a record-breaking 908 days at the Shuttle Landing Facility on November 12, 2022.

FalconSat-8 
A rideshare payload for the United States Air Force Academy, FalconSat-8, was deployed from the X-37B a few days into the mission. The satellite provides a platform for the academy's Cadet Space Operations Squadron to test various technologies.

Onboard experiments include:
 MEP (Magnetic gradient Electrostatic Plasma thruster), a novel electromagnetic propulsion system
 MMA (Metamaterial antenna), a low power, high performance antenna
 CANOE (CArbon NanOtubes Experiment)
 ACES (Attitude Control and Energy Storage), a commercial reaction wheel modified into a flywheel
 SkyPad, off-the-shelf cameras and GPUs integrated into a low power package

See also 

 USA-212
 USA-226

References 

USA satellites
United States Space Force
Spacecraft launched in 2020
Boeing X-37
May 2020 in the United States
Spacecraft which reentered in 2022
Houston Bar Center Building. The Houston Bar Center Building is an office building at 723 Main Street in downtown Houston, Texas. The building began as two separate skyscrapers, the Rusk Building and the Gulf Building, which were built in 1913 and 1915 respectively by Houston businessman Jesse H. Jones. In 1966, architect Eugene William Slater completely remodeled both buildings into a single tower. The redesigned ten-story building has a New Formalist design, a variation of Modernism which abstracted elements of classical architecture. It incorporates traditional building materials such as granite and marble and uses a first-floor canopy and belt course along with marble pilasters and a plain marble cornice to suggest a classical column. The building is both one of Houston's most prominent New Formalist works and an example of the mid-twentieth century trend of redesigning and reengineering older buildings.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 26, 2017.

In 2019 the AC Hotels opened their first Houston location in the building.

See also
 National Register of Historic Places listings in downtown Houston, Texas

References

Buildings and structures in Houston
National Register of Historic Places in Houston
Office buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Texas
New Formalist architecture
Modernist architecture in Texas
Carlo Buongiorno. Carlo Buongiorno (12 March 1930 – 26 November 2011) was an Italian aerospace engineer, first Director of the Italian Space Agency and professor at the Sapienza University, in Rome. He was a pivotal figure in the Italian space program.

Life 

Buongiorno was a student and collaborator of professor Luigi Broglio: he graduated in electronic and aerospace engineering at Sapienza University of Rome. In 1954, he became a researcher at the  NYU Tandon School of Engineering, at the time led by Antonio Ferri, where, he studied on both supersonic and hypersonic spaceflight.

After returning to Italy in 1957, he taught aerospace propulsion at the School of Aerospace Engineering of Sapienza University, in the department of mechanics and  dipartimento di meccanica e astronautics. In collaboration with NASA, he participated in the first launches of sounding rocket at the training shooting range of Salto di Quirra, in Sardinia.

Starting from 1961, he was part of the San Marco programme, a cooperation between Italy and the United States which led to orbiting the first Italian satellite, the San Marco 1, in December 1964. He altro contributed to the design and the realization of the oceanic launch base Broglio Space Center (at the time, San Marco Equatorial Range) in Kenya, a project he coordinated between 1960 and 1978.

He was involved in the scientific and technical group that founded the European Space Agency (ESA), founded in 1975 as ESRO, of which he led the Italian delegation in the agency's council until 1990.

From 1988 to 1993 he was the first director of the newly founded Italian Space Agency (ASI).

He died in 2011, at the age of 81, in his home in Castel Cellesi.

See also 
 San Marco programme
 Luigi Broglio

Note

Bibliography 

Italian aerospace engineers
Academic staff of the Sapienza University of Rome
1930 births
2011 deaths
Engineers from Rome
Sapienza University of Rome alumni
European Space Agency personnel
Lithium tert-butoxide. Lithium tert-butoxide is the metalorganic compound with the formula LiOC(CH3)3.  A white solid, it is used as a strong base in organic synthesis.  The compound is often depicted as a salt, and it often behaves as such, but it is not ionized in solution. Both octameric and hexameric forms have been characterized by X-ray crystallography

Preparation

Lithium tert-butoxide is commercially available as a solution and as a solid, but it is often generated in situ for laboratory use because samples are so sensitive and older samples are often of poor quality.  It can be obtained by treating tert-butanol with butyl lithium.

Reactions
As a strong base, lithium tert-butoxide is easily protonated.

Lithium tert-butoxide is used to prepare other tert-butoxide compounds such as copper(I) t-butoxide and hexa(tert-butoxy)dimolybdenum(III):
2 MoCl3(thf)3  +  6 LiOBu-t  →  Mo2(OBu-t)6  +  6 LiCl  +  6 thf

Related compounds
Sodium tert-butoxide
Potassium tert-butoxide

References

Alkoxides
Lithium compounds
Non-nucleophilic bases
Organolithium compounds
Reagents for organic chemistry
Tert-butyl compounds
German corvette Ludwigshafen am Rhein. Ludwigshafen am Rhein (F264) is the fifth ship of the Braunschweig-class corvette of the German Navy.

Developments 
The K130 Braunschweig class (sometimes Korvette 130) is Germany's newest class of ocean-going corvettes. Five ships have replaced the  of the German Navy.

They feature reduced radar and infrared signatures ("stealth" beyond the s) and will be equipped with two helicopter UAVs for remote sensing. Recently, the German Navy ordered a first batch of two UMS Skeldar V-200 systems for the use on the Braunschweig-class corvettes. The hangar is too small for standard helicopters, but the pad is large enough for Sea Kings, Lynx, or NH-90s, the helicopters of the German Navy.

The German Navy has ordered the RBS-15 Mk4 in advance, which will be a future development of the Mk3 with increased range —— and a dual seeker for increased resistance to electronic countermeasures. The RBS-15 Mk3 has the capability to engage land targets.

In October 2016 it was announced that a second batch of five more frigates is to be procured from 2022–25. The decision was in response to NATO requirements expecting Germany to provide a total of four corvettes at the highest readiness level for littoral operations by 2018, and with only five corvettes just two can be provided.

Construction and career 
Ludwigshafen was laid down on 14 April 2006 and launched on 26 September 2007 in Hamburg. She was commissioned on 21 March 2013.

KRI Sultan Hasanuddin and Ludwigshafen conducted a towing exercise (TOWEX) on 26 August 2020.

On 17 October 2024, while on station off Naqoura in support of UNIFIL, Ludwigshafen neutralized a hostile drone launched from southern Lebanon.

References

Bibliography 
 

Corvettes 
Stealth ships
Braunschweig-class corvettes
2007 ships
Defence Institute of High Altitude Research. The Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR) is a defence laboratory of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) located in Leh city of Ladakh in India. It conducts research on cold arid agro-animal technologies.

History 

In 2014, the Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR) successfully cross-bred and produced the hybrid Zanskar ponies, which can carry an increased weight load for the Indian Army's requirements.

In 2015, DIHAR established an Extreme Altitude Research Centre in Chang La, Jammu and Kashmir, at a height of 17,600 ft above mean sea level, making world’s highest terrestrial research and development centre.

In 2020, with an intent to make the DRDO leaner and more effective, it was proposed to merge the Defence Institute of Bio-Energy Research (DIBER), DIHAR, and Defence Research Laboratory (DRL). The collaboration with the Defence Food Research Laboratory and the Central Food Technological Research Institute of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) will be enhanced. Also in 2020, DIHAR develped a microgreens cultivation technology for India's patrol posts and bunkers along the Saichen Glacier.

Since 2024, DIHAR has been developing a solar thermal warming technology, which is named as "Solar Thermal Energy Based Technology for Space Heating (Human Habitation) In High Altitude", for warming the shelters for soldiers during Ladakh's winters.

Administration  

DIHAR is headed by a director. The present director of DIHAR is Dr. Om Prakash Chaurasia.

See also

 Research 
 List of academic and research institutes in Ladakh
 Siachen Base Camp (India)
 List of Antarctic research stations
 List of Antarctic field camps
 List of highest astronomical observatories

 Borders
 Actual Ground Position Line (AGPL), India-Pakistan border across Siachen region
 Line of Actual Control (LAC), India-China border across Ladakh
 Line of Control (LoC), India-Pakistan border across Ladakh and Jammu and Kashmir

 Conflicts
 Sino-Indian War
 Indo-Pakistani wars and conflicts
 Siachen conflict
 Siachen Glacier

 Tourism and infrastructure
 India-China Border Roads
 Siachen Base Camp (India) 
 Tourism in Ladakh
	
 Geography
 Geology of the Himalaya 
 Indus-Yarlung suture zone
 List of districts of Ladakh

References

External links
Defence Institute High Altitude Research Dihar

1962 establishments in Jammu and Kashmir
Government agencies established in 1962
Defence Research and Development Organisation laboratories
Research and development in India
Research institutes established in 1962
Education in Ladakh
Defence Research Laboratory. The Defence Research Laboratory (DRL) is a defence laboratory of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) located in Tezpur city of Assam state of India. It conducts research and development studies on vector-borne diseases, improving the quality of drinking water, waste biodegradation and management.

History 

In 2020, with an intent to make the DRDO leaner and more effective, it was proposed to merge the Defence Institute of Bio-Energy Research (DIBER), Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR), and "Defence Research Laboratory" (DRL). The collaboration with the Defence Food Research Laboratory and the Central Food Technological Research Institute of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) will be enhanced.

Organisation 

DRL is headed by a director. The present director of DRL is Dr Dev Vrat Kamboj.

See also
 Defence industry of India

References

External links
 DRL profile

1962 establishments in Assam
Government agencies established in 1962
Defence Research and Development Organisation laboratories
Research and development in India
Research institutes established in 1962
Education in Assam
Advanced Systems Laboratory. The Advanced Systems Laboratory (ASL) is an Indian defence laboratory of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). Located in Hyderabad, Telangana, it conducts research on Solid Propulsion Technologies, Composites, Aerospace Mechanisms, NDT Techniques, System Design and Analysis, Mission Design and Studies, Guidance Design and Control Systems. As of 2023, the director of ASL is BV Papa Rao.

References

External links
advanced-systems-laboratory

Defence Research and Development Organisation laboratories
Research and development in India
Education in Telangana
Year of establishment missing
Bharalu River. The Bharalu River is a tributary of the Brahmaputra River in the Indian state of Assam. The Bharalu River originates in the Khasi Hills of Meghalaya and flows through the heart of Guwahati before its confluence with the Brahmaputra River.
Bharalu river is one of the most polluted rivers in the state of Assam.

Pollution of the Bharalu River
Bharalu River carries a large portion of the Guwahati city's municipal wastes. Bharalu serves as the natural drainage in Guwahati and the river carries sewage and wastage from markets, commercial establishments, hotels, restaurants, schools etc. and flows to meet Brahmaputra River at Bharalumukh.
The biochemical oxygen demand of the river is 52 mg/L in compared to the permissible limit set by the  National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD) at 3 mg/L. Moreover, the obnoxious smell generated by the river is also a health hazard for the residents of Guwahati.

References 

Rivers of Assam
Parvin-class patrol craft. The Parvin () is a class of large patrol craft operated by the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy. They ships in the class are modified versions of PGM-71 vessels, all built by the American shipyard Peterson Builders.

Design
Sources differ in recording characteristics of Parvin class vessels.

According to Jane's Fighting Ships, the ships have a standard displacement of  and  at full load. Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships puts the numbers at  and .

The class design is  long, would have a beam of  and a draft of  on the report of Jane's, while Conway's mentions the dimensions as  ×  × .

Both sources agree that the ships are powered by eight General Motors diesel engines totaling  that rotate a pair of shafts, but the engine models are variously cited GM 8-71 and GM 6-71. The system can reach a top speed of  as stated by Conway's, albeit Jane's mentions . The ranges given for the class are  at  and  at .

Original armament of the ships reportedly included five guns: 12.7mm and 20mm each two and one 40mm. French sources give one 40mm and four 20mm machine guns, as well as a pair of Mk22 Mousetrap and DC racks. As of 2015, they are reported to be armed with five guns consisting an old variant of Bofors 40 mm/60, a couple of Oerlikon GAI-BO1 20mm in addition to two 12.7 machine guns. They are also equipped with four racks of depth charge (with eight US Mk 6), and two missile launchers of unknown type are installed on them after refit.

The original radar was model 303 of Decca Radar, while the current surface search system is known to be working on I-band. The sonar is a high-frequency hull-mounted active attack SQS-17B but is allegedly unlikely to be serviceable per Jane's.

Crew on each ship of this class totals 20 officers and men.

Ships in the class
The ships in the class are:

References 

Ships built by Peterson Builders
Ship classes of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy
Patrol boat classes
Morris Cohen (chemist). Morris Cohen was a Canadian chemist working for the National Research Council of Canada in Ottawa. He contributed to the sciences of corrosion and of oxidation of metals.

Life and work 
Morris Cohen was born in Regina, Saskatchewan in 1915. He attended Brandon University in Manitoba and graduated with a B.A. degree in 1934. He received his PhD on the topic of "Absorption Measurements by Direct Weighing" from the University of Toronto in 1939. After working as a chemist at a battery manufacturing plant, he became an employee of the National Research Council of Canada in 1943. Beginning in 1946, he was head of the corrosion section. Cohen also worked as visiting researcher the corrosion laboratory of Ulick R. Evans in Cambridge.

During the long period as active researcher from the mid 1940s to 1980, Cohen published more than 100 papers. 57 of them are presently indexed in the Scopus database; his present Scopus h-index is 30.

His research covers corrosion, e.g. of iron or steel, high temperature oxidation, e.g. of iron or nickel, and corrosion inhibition.

Cohen received the Willis Rodney Whitney Award, the Western's world's top award for outstanding scientific achievement in the field of corrosion, in 1960. In 1973, Cohen received the Outstanding Achievement Award (the later H. H. Uhlig Award) of the Corrosion Division of The Electrochemical Society. 1983, he was awarded the Olin Palladium Award of the Electrochemical Society. In 1991, the Corrosion Division of the Electrochemical Society established the “Corrosion Division Morris Cohen Graduate Student Award” in honor of his scientific contributions.

Prof. Norio Sato, who became a corrosion scientist in Japan, worked with Cohen from 1961 to 1962.

References 

People from Wimbledon, London
People educated at Marlborough College
Alumni of King's College, Cambridge