omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Anna Kazanjian Longobardo. Anna Kazanjian Longobardo (1928 – 7 December 2020) was the former director of the engineering firm Woodward Clyde Group and a former executive at Unisys Corp. She headed Unisys, supporting the development of military systems and weather radar systems worldwide from 1988 to 1995. She is one of the founders of the Society of Women Engineers, which elected her a fellow in 1991.

Background and work
Longobardo was born in New York City in 1928. In 1949, Longobardo became the first woman to receive a B.S. in mechanical engineering from Columbia University, and in 1952, she received a master's degree from Columbia. During her undergraduate work, Longobardo became interested in analog and digital computer applications and went on to make significant contributions to the aerospace engineering field. She was one of the first women to work aboard US Navy submarines, destroyers and other vessels. She designed and evaluated submarine-towed buoys used to calibrate sonar. Her design increased navigational accuracy for submarines that operated below periscope depth.

After working as a systems engineer at American Bosch Arma Corporation, Longobardo joined Sperry Rand Corp, which became Unisys Corp. At Unisys, she directed the development of radiation-tolerant computers for the United States Air Force and managed programs for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. She later became the first woman executive of Unisys Corporation's defense unit. She was responsible for organizing complex military and weather radar systems in more than 100 locations across the world.

Recognition
Longobardo has served on the corporate boards of Woodward Clyde and Woodward Clyde Federal Services. In 1963 Nelson Rockefeller appointed her to the New York State Women's Council. From 1966 to 1970, she was the director of the Technical Societies Council of New York and was named one of New York's 100 Women of Influence.

She maintains a close relationship with Columbia. A former trustee, she is the first woman to receive the Egleston Medal for distinguished engineering achievements. She was also Vice Chair of Columbia's Engineering Foundation Board and served as chairman of the Bronxville Design Review Committee. She is a current member of the Mechanical Engineering Advisor Board and the Barnard Science Advisory Council. She has also been president of the CESAA Board of Directors and the Columbia Society of Graduates. She was the first woman president of Columbia University's alumni federation.

Longobardo is a long-time active member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the Joint Engineering Management Committee, and the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

See also
Society of Women Engineers
Columbia University
Unisys

References

External links
 Columbia introduction of Anna Longobardo
 Columbia engineering newsletter 2010

1928 births
2020 deaths
Columbia School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
American people of Armenian descent
21st-century American engineers
Armenian engineers
Engineers from New York City
Armenian women engineers
Route server. A route server is a type of Server that is used in Network engineering. The original role of a route server was to be an easily accessible source of Routing information about a particular network, for other machines as well as for remote network engineers that would need that information to troubleshoot network issues. 

Modern implementations have taken on more roles, the most common being Route aggregation. The Border Gateway Protocol normally requires Peers to maintain sessions with every other peer they could potentially send or receive traffic from, but a route server can aggregate these sessions and make them available for several peers.

Further reading

References

External links 
 
 
 
 

Internet governance
Internet Standards
Oxidizing acid. An oxidizing acid is a Brønsted acid that is a strong oxidizing agent. Most Brønsted acids can act as oxidizing agents, because the acidic proton can be reduced to hydrogen gas. Some acids contain other structures that act as stronger oxidizing agents than hydrogen ions. Generally, they contain oxygen in their anionic structure. These include nitric acid, perchloric acid, chloric acid, chromic acid, and concentrated sulfuric acid, among others.

General properties

Oxidizing acids, being strong oxidizing agents, can often oxidize certain less reactive metals, in which the active oxidizing agent is not H+ ions. For example, copper is a rather unreactive metal, and has no reaction with concentrated hydrochloric acid. However, even dilute nitric acid can oxidize copper to Cu2+ ions, with the nitrate ions acting as the effective oxidant:

 3 Cu + 8 HNO3 → 3 Cu2+ + 2 NO + 4 H2O + 6 

Sometimes the concentration of the acid is a factor for it to be strongly oxidizing. Again, copper has no reaction with dilute sulfuric acid, but in concentrated sulfuric acid, the highly acidic environment and high concentration of sulfate ions allow the sulfate ions to act as an oxidizing agent. Sulfuric acid is not an oxidizing agent, but the sulfate ion is a very weak oxidizing agent. Since sulfur is in its maximum oxidation state in the sulfate ion, it cannot act as a reducing agent.

 Cu + 2 H2SO4 → SO2 + 2 H2O +  + Cu2+

See also
Reduction potential
Standard electrode potential (data page)

References
De Weyert, Makkinga. De Weyert is a smock mill in Makkinga, Friesland, Netherlands which was built in 1925 and is in working order. The mill is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 31725.

History

The mill was originally built in 1868 as a sawmill at Gorredijk, where it replaced a smock mill that had been built in 1763, which itself had replaced a post mill that was standing in 1718. The mill stood at (). In 1912, the mill was moved to Twijtel () and converted to a corn mill. The mill was moved to Makkum in 1925. A new windshaft and sails were fitted when the mill was moved. The name De Weyert comes from miller Weyert Zeephat, who had the mill moved to Marrum and worked the mill until his death in 1970 at the age of 97. The mill was restored in 1983/84 by millwright Doornbosch. In 1989, the sails were renewed by Fabrikaat Vaags of Aalten, Gelderland. On 17 December 2005, the sails were damaged in a storm. They were repaired in 2006. The mill is used to train millers in the craft of milling.

Description

De Weyert is what the Dutch describe as a " stellingmolen" . It is a smock mill on a two-storey base, there is a stage at second-floor level,  above ground level. The smock and cap are thatched. The mill is winded by tailpole and winch. The sails are Patent sails. They have a span of . The sails are carried on a cast-iron windshaft, which was cast by H J Koning of Foxham, Groningen. The windshaft also carries the brake wheel, which has 57 cogs. This drives the wallower (30 cogs) at  the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft, the great spur wheel, which has 88 cogs. The great spur wheel drives a pair of   diameter French Burr millstones via a lantern pinion stone nut which has 26 staves.

Millers
Weyert Zeephat (1925–70)

Public access

De Weyert is open to the public on Saturdays from 09:00 to 12:00.

References

Windmills in Friesland
Windmills completed in 1925
Smock mills in the Netherlands
Grinding mills in the Netherlands
Rijksmonuments in Friesland
Electric Power University. Electric Power University (EPU) in Vietnamese Trường Đại học Điện Lực is a public university in Hanoi, Vietnam.

History
The forerunner of the Electricity University was the Hanoi School of Practical Technology, founded by the French in 1898. After 1954, the Vietnamese State split the Practical Technology School into Technical School I and Technical School II. In August 1962, Technical School I was renamed Electrical and Mechanical High School, on February 8, 1966, Electro Mechanical High School was split into Electric High School (later renamed Electrical High School I) and School. Middle School of Mechanical Engineering (now Hanoi University of Industry) .l April 2000, implementing the policy of rearranging the network of schools under the Vietnam Electricity Corporation (EVN), the Ministry of Industry decided. merged the in-service training school with Electricity High School I and named it Electric School No. I under Vietnam Electricity. On October 26, 2001, Ministry of Education and Training decided to upgrade Electric High School I to Electricity College. On May 19, 2006, with the Decision No. 111/2006 / QD-TTg, the Prime Minister allowed the establishment of the Electricity University on the basis of the College of Electricity. The Electricity University is a university training institution, directly under Vietnam Electricity Corporation, the Ministry of Industry, has the legal status, its own seal and account; The headquarters is located in Hanoi city

Specialized Departments 
Department of Electrical System;

Department of Energy Technology;

Department of Automation Technology;

Faculty of Information Technology;

Department of Electronics - Telecommunications;

Faculty of Mechanical Technology;

Department of Energy Management;

Department management.

Finance and accounting department.

Department of Basic Science;

Graduate School of Education

Department of Political Science

Department of Nuclear Power

Achievements 
In 1976 was awarded the Third Class Labor Medal;

In 1958, 2001 was awarded 2 Second-class Labor Medals;

In 2006 was awarded the First-Class Labor Medal;

In 2011 was awarded the Third Class Independence Medal;

There are also 5 certificates of merit from the Prime Minister.

Universities in Hanoi
Walton Musser. Clarence Walton Musser (April 5, 1909, Mount Joy, Pennsylvania – June 8, 1998) inventor of  strain wave gearing and also credited with over 250 major inventions and discoveries.

Some of his inventions were the Army recoilless rifle, aircraft personnel catapults, instrumentation for underwater detonation testing. His varied career includes experience in many diverse fields. He was research advisor to the Department of Defense for 15 years. With other industrial and government organizations, he has served as chief engineer, director of research, and consultant. He held professional engineering licences in Pennsylvania and Massachusetts. As a research adviser to United Shoe Machinery Corp., he explored nonrigid-body mechanics, using controlled deflection as an operating medium. In 1957 Musser announced invention of strain wave gearing also known as harmonic gearing (U. S. patent 2,906,143). He is also the inventor of first fluidic stepper actuators

References

Engineers from Pennsylvania
1909 births
1998 deaths
People from Lancaster, Pennsylvania
20th-century American engineers
20th-century American inventors
MK II FPA. The MK II Method is one of the software sizing methods in functional point group of measurements. This is a method for analysis and measurement of information processing applications based on end user functional view of the system. The MK II Method (ISO/IEC 20968 Software engineering—Mk II Function Point Analysis—Counting Practices Manual) is one of five currently recognized ISO standards for Functionally sizing software.

Introduction

The MK II Method was defined by Charles Symons in book published in 1991. UK Software Metrics Association is now responsible for the method and its continuing development. The functional user requirements of the software are identified and each one is categorized into one of there types: inputs, exits and objects. In order to determine functional size of system these functional requirements are counted.

MkII FPA counting rules

MkII counting procedure contains several steps described below.

Determine the ViewPoint, Purpose and Type of the Count

Define the Boundary of the Count

Boundary of system represents logical line that separates users from a system. It is used to determine logical transactions such as inputs and exits that crosses boundary during the interaction between user and system.

Identify the Logical Transactions

Each transaction is counted once even though it may be executed from more than one point in the application.

Identify and Categorise Data Entity Types
Data entity types are logical data structures that contains information meaningful to the user. In MarkII method there is only one type of data entity types - Objects. Objects must be correctly identified so they can be counted.

Count the Input Data Element Types, the Data entity Types Referenced, and the Output Data Element Types
This can be done by a simple spreadsheet and needs to be added up and applied a formula to find the exact MKII FPA value

Count the Functional Size

Once the transactions and objects in the system are identified, they can be counted in order to find functional size of the system. Functional size of the system is represented as weighted counts of input/exit transactions and objects within the boundary of the system. Size can be expressed as following:

Size = Wi*ΣNi+ We*ΣNe + Wo*ΣNo

In the equation ΣNi, ΣNe and ΣNo are total numbers of unique inputs, exits and objects within the system. Currently recommended values for weighting coefficients are Wi = 0.58, We = 1.66, and Wo = 0.26.

See also 
 Function point
 Software development effort estimation
 Software Sizing

References

External links
 Mk2 method explained
 ISO/IEC Standard

Software metrics
Software engineering costs
Gene Designer. Gene Designer is a computer software package for bioinformatics. It is used by molecular biologists from academia, government, and the pharmaceutical, chemical, agricultural, and biotechnology industries to design, clone, and validate genetic sequences. It is proprietary software, released as freeware needing registration.

Features 
Gene Designer enables molecular biologists to manage the full gene design process in one application, using a range of design tools.

 Algorithms for in silico cloning, codon optimization, back translation, and primer design
 Graphic molecular View to display, annotate, and edit constructs
 Customizable database to store, manage, and track genetic elements, genes, and constructs
 Drag and drop interface to move sequence elements within or between constructs (patented feature)
 Search feature for sequence motifs, restriction sites, and open reading frames
 Codon optimize for recombinant protein production in any organism using multiple algorithms
 Remove or add restriction sites or other sequence motifs
 Recode open reading frames
 Check translation frames and fusion junctions
 Design oligonucleotides to sequence primers, includes a real time melting point calculator
 Cloning tool with drag and drop ability to cut, combine, and clone insert and vector

Educator and student use 
This free software has been incorporated into classroom and lab curricula for synthetic biology, systems biology, bioengineering, and bioinformatics. Students create and complete projects which manage the full gene design process in one application, using a range of design tools.

Examples of use in curricula:
 Synthetic Photonics Course; Utah State University, College of Engineering
 Lab Project using Gene Designer 2.0
 Systems Biology Lesson Overview
 Synthetic Biology Lesson Overview
 Student Projects

See also 
 Bioinformatics
 Computational biology
 Gene synthesis
 Vector (molecular biology), Vector DNA, Cloning vector, Expression vector
 Restriction map
 Molecular cloning
 List of open source bioinformatics software

References

 US Patent 7,805,252. Systems and methods for designing and ordering polynucleotides. Gustafsson, Govindarajan, Ness, Villalobos and Minshull.

External links 
 

Bioinformatics
Bioinformatics software
Genetics software
John E. Leland. John E. Leland is vice president for Research and Executive Director of the University of Dayton Research Institute. He previously served as the institute's director of operations and a division head and as the University of Dayton's director for technology partnerships. Before working at the University of Dayton, Leland worked for the United States Air Force. During the 2002–2003 term, Leland was named a Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

Leland received a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from the University of Kentucky in 1994.

References

Living people
University of Dayton alumni
University of Kentucky alumni
University of Akron alumni
Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Engineers from Ohio
Year of birth missing (living people)
Modul8. Modul8 is a software for live visual performance developed by GarageCube, a company established in 2005 by Yves Schmid and Boris Edelstein, based in Geneva, Switzerland. Modul8 was started with the intention of providing a tool for VJing in openGL.

History
The first public release was in 2004, followed by version 2 in 2005.

Features
While the first version was a stripped down real-time compositing environment, the second version introduced a module system, allowing customization of the software interface. Modul8 also offers support for multiple screen output on the MacPro. The application also has an integrated programming environment that allows to write Python scripts inside the application.

Notes

See also
 Mapping Festival

References

External links
 http://www.modul8.ch/

Live video software
Jacques Vanneste. Jacques Vanneste is a professor of mathematics at the University of Edinburgh, whose main research area is fluid dynamics.

His particular research interest is in analytic methods for handling systems with dynamics on two distinct time or length scales. This is relevant, for example, for the interaction between weather and ocean circulation, where fast inertial waves can be generated by slow underlying flows; see for example his work on the tropopause, and his most-cited paper. He is also interested in the dynamics of stirring.

Awards
He is the recipient of the 2010 Adams Prize. In 2014, Vanneste was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.

References

External links
 

Living people
21st-century Belgian mathematicians
21st-century British mathematicians
Academics of the University of Edinburgh
Year of birth missing (living people)
Spring-tooth harrow. Harrows, whether spring tooth, spike tooth or disc harrows can have a drag connection or have a 3 point mounting. A drag harrow is pulled and cannot be backed up. Three point implements can be raised and lowered hydraulicly and maneuvered more easily.
A spring-tooth harrow is a type of harrow, and specifically a type of tine harrow. It uses many flexible iron teeth mounted in rows to loosen the soil before planting. 

A drag harrow more specifically refers to a largely outdated type of soil cultivation implement that is used to smooth the ground as well as loosen it after it has been plowed and packed.  It uses many flexible iron teeth usually arranged into rows. It is set on the ground and pulled and cannot be backed up.  It has no hydraulic functionality and has to be raised/adjusted with one or multiple manual levers.  It was originally pulled by draft animals and later adapted to tractors. It is a largely outdated piece of farm equipment, having been replaced by more modern tillage equipment, however, smaller farmers still use them.

Uses

A drag harrow is used to loosen and even out soil after it has been plowed and packed.  The drag harrow also kills some weeds that may be present, but it is not very efficient in doing so, and it is not one of its primary functions.

In modern times

The non-hydraulic drag harrow is not often used in modern farming as other harrows have proven to be more suitable, such as the disc harrow. Another reason they are not often used is because they cannot be controlled hydraulically, meaning that the operator is required to dismount from the tractor to adjust it or unclog it.  However it is used as a drag behind several other implements such as a rod weeder. Due to their low cost and simplicity, old fashioned are still widely used by small farmers.

See also 

Drag harrows can be a name used for several different types of equipment. A spike tooth harrow or flex harrow is often called a drag harrow and is in use extensively throughout the US for seedbed preparation and for grooming grassland pastures. See also:

Spike harrow

References

External links

Agricultural machinery
ArKaos. ArKaos is an application for live visual performance, conceived as a visual sampler for video loops that can be triggered from the computer, or through a hardware interface. The application is available in two versions: ArKaos VJ MIDI, conceived as a live video performance instrument, often used in conjunction with a MIDI keyboard, and ArKaos VJ DMX (a "media server software"), which can be controlled with a DMX console (DMX512 is a communication standard used for stage lighting devices).

ArKaos is also known for use in the Daftendirektour, a tour led by the band Daft Punk.

Kling-Net 
In 2011, ArKaos introduced the Kling-Net protocol, used for lighting control and Remote Device Management (RDM). It aims to provide video professionals the ability to distribute real-time video data to LED strips, LED panels and other remote devices over ethernet. Together with Art-Net, it is one of the most commonly used lighting control and Remote Device Management (RDM) protocols.

Functions and Advantages 
Kling-Net automatically configures and connects display devices to a computer, media server or console. This means that “intelligence” is added to LED devices, enabling them to talk directly to the server or console, without the user's input.

The main benefit of this approach is that it eliminates the complexity of networking and control issues, thereby reducing the need for technical knowledge of the user. It also allows the creation of an heterogenic network of display devices from different manufacturers, which can all be controlled from one computer.

Autoconfiguration 
The autoconfiguration capabilities of Kling-Net ensure that many different devices can be controlled by the same media server. This avoids creating and matching the profiles of media server and individual device.

Kling-Net automatically detects and configures LED devices when initiated and sends the devices' resolution and pixel formats to the media server, which reads and changes the device parameters where necessary. Once registered to the media server, the device will start to receive the real-time video data as it is mapped onto the media server screen by the user, clipping and transforming the image to the correct pixel formats and minimising the need for user input.

Furthermore, because most of the work is done by the media server, the video easily reaches 60 FPS.

Fixture Compatibility 
Kling-Net was developed to function with nearly all manufacturers’ LED products, using a source code that adds an intelligence to LED devices, which allows control and integration.

See also
 VJing

References

Offline Sources

Online References 

Live video software
Windows multimedia software
MacOS multimedia software