omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Swift-class patrol craft. The Swift-class coastal patrol craft were a series of patrol vessels built for the Republic of Singapore Navy (RSN) by the Singapore Ship Building and Engineering Company (SBEC).

History
During expansion of the Republic of Singapore Navy's capabilities in the late 1970s, the need for a dedicated coastal patrol platform was identified in order to perform the coastal surveillance and patrol mission. This need was especially apparent in 1975 during Operation Thunderstorm, where RSN resorted to using the Sea Wolf-class missile gun boats to intercept Vietnamese boat people attempting to land in Singapore. This was deemed to be operationally inefficient as it deprived RSN of a critical surface strike asset. As a result, a contract was signed with the SBEC for 12 Coastal Patrol Craft (CPC). The first vessel, RSS Swift Warrior was launched on 8 June 1980 and all 12 vessels were commissioned on 20 October 1981 by then Defence Minister, Mr Howe Yong Chong.

With the transfer of the coastal patrol mission of the Police Coast Guard in 1997, the 12 CPC were transferred and recommissioned in the Police Coast Guard as the Shark class, with the first four officially handed over on 7 May 1993, another four on 24 April 1994, and the last four on 22 January 1997 as part of the formation of the Police Coast Guard Coastal Patrol Squadron.

The CPCs were decommissioned by the Police Coast Guard between 2008 and 2012 as the next generation CPCs were gradually put to service. Five of the decommissioned CPC were transferred to the Indonesian Marine Police or POLAIR on 9 February 2012.

Design

The Swift class are of aluminium construction, with an overall length of , with a beam of   and a draught of . Displacement was  full load. The ships are powered by two Deutz SBA-16M816 diesel engines with a total power of  and driving two propeller shafts, for a maximum speed of . 8.6 tons of fuel is carried, giving a range of  at  or  at . 

Armament consists of a single 20 mm cannon and two machine guns. The ships carried a crew of 3 officers and 9 other ranks.

References

Citations

Bibliography

Patrol ship classes
Patrol vessels of the Republic of Singapore Navy
Ships built in Singapore
Ali Alavi. Ali Alavi FRS (born 10 May 1966) is a professor of theoretical chemistry in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Cambridge and a Director of the Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research in Stuttgart.

Education
Alavi was born in Tehran and was educated at the University of Cambridge where he was awarded a Bachelor of Arts degree in Natural Sciences followed by a PhD in 1990 for research on the molecular dynamics of thin films and charge-transfer complexes.

Research and career
His research is focused on the electron correlation and the Schrödinger equations, combining quantum chemistry with Monte Carlo methods, which enable solutions to problems which are very difficult to solve using standard Ab initio quantum chemistry methods alone. His research has been funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC). Before working in Cambridge and Stuttgart, he held an academic post at Queen's University Belfast.

Awards and honours
Alavi was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2015. His certificate of election reads: 

Alavi was also elected a scientific member of the Max Planck Society in 2013 and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC) in 2015.

References

Living people
Fellows of the Royal Society
British chemists
Members of the University of Cambridge Department of Chemistry
Theoretical chemists
Fellows of the Royal Society of Chemistry
Fellows of Trinity College, Cambridge
Max Planck Institute directors
1966 births
Scientists from Tehran
ABS Aerolight Legacy. The ABS Aerolight Legacy is a French powered parachute that was designed and produced by ABS Aerolight of Sérignan-du-Comtat. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft and as a kit for amateur construction.

The company appears to have gone out of business in late 2007 and production ended.

Design and development
The Legacy was designed to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category, including the category's maximum gross weight of . The aircraft has a maximum gross weight of . It features a  parachute-style wing, two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration in a semi-enclosed cockpit, tricycle landing gear and a single  Hirth F-30 four-cylinder, horizontally opposed, two-stroke, aircraft engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft carriage is built from composites. In flight steering is accomplished via a steering wheel that actuates the canopy brakes, creating roll and yaw. The main landing gear incorporates suspension and a cockpit heater was a factory option.

The aircraft has an empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload is .

Specifications (Legacy)

References

Legacy
2000s French sport aircraft
2000s French ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Powered parachutes
Amin H. Nasser. Amin Hassan Nasser (Arabic: أمين حسن الناصر) is the President and CEO of Saudi Aramco, the world's largest oil producer. He became acting president and chief executive in May 2015 before assuming the position permanently in September 2015. During his tenure at Aramco, he has criticized fossil fuel divestment and promoted expansion and investment into oil production.

Education 
Nasser holds a bachelor's degree in petroleum engineering from the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals in Dhahran. He completed the Saudi Aramco Management Development Seminar in Washington, D.C., in 1999; the Saudi Aramco Global Business Program in 2000; and the Senior Executive Program at Columbia University in 2002.

Career 
Nasser began his career with Saudi Aramco in 1982 as an engineer in the oil production department and proceeded to work in drilling and reservoir management. In 1997, he became manager of the Ras Tanura Producing Department. Later he became manager of the Northern Area Production Engineering Department, as well as the Safaniya Aramco.com Offshore and Onshore Producing Departments. He was appointed Chief Petroleum Engineer in 2004 and became Senior Vice President of Saudi Aramco's Upstream operations in 2008. Nasser became acting President and CEO of Aramco in May 2015, and was made permanent in September 2015.

As CEO, he led the company's response to drone and missile attacks on its facilities in September 2019.

Prior to Aramco's initial public offering (IPO), he led the company's entry into the global debt and capital markets with its first bond issuance. He oversaw Aramco's 2019 IPO in which it became the world's most valuable listed company, and led its 2020 acquisition of Saudi petrochemicals giant SABIC.

In 2021, amid growing pressure for fossil fuel companies to become greener to contribute to climate change mitigation, Nasser warned countries against divesting in fossil fuels, arguing that it would cause inflation and unrest.

Other 
Nasser is on the Society of Petroleum Engineers's Industry Advisory Council, the International Advisory Board (IAB) of the KFUPM, the Board of Trustees of the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), the World Economic Forum's International Business Council, the JPMorgan International Advisory Council, the MIT President CEO Advisory Board and the Board of BlackRock.

In July 2020, he received the ICIS Kavaler Award, which recognizes outstanding achievement in petrochemicals. Nasser ranked first on the Forbes Middle East's list of top 100 CEOs in the region for 2020.

References 

King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals alumni
Living people
Saudi Arabian chief executives
20th-century Saudi Arabian engineers
1960 births
People from Qatif
20th-century Saudi Arabian  businesspeople
21st-century Saudi Arabian  businesspeople
Saudi Arabian Shia Muslims
Baharna
ABS Aerolight Navigathor. The ABS Aerolight Navigathor is a French powered parachute and roadable aircraft that was designed and produced by ABS Aerolight of Sérignan-du-Comtat. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft and as a kit for amateur construction.

The company appears to have gone out of business in late 2007 and production ended.

Design and development
The Navigathor is a development of the earlier ATE, which stands for Air-Terre-Eau () and indicates that the vehicle is capable of being used as a flying car with a top road speed of  or as a boat with a top water speed of .

As an aircraft the Navigathor was designed to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category, including the category's maximum gross weight of . The aircraft has a maximum gross weight of . The aircraft carriage is built from a combination of metal tubing and composites and features a wedge-shaped boat hull. It features a  parachute-style wing, two-seats-in-tandem in an open cockpit, four-wheeled cross country all terrain vehicle style landing gear and a single  Hirth F-30 four-cylinder, horizontally opposed, two-stroke, aircraft engine, mounted in pusher configuration. In all modes the vehicle is powered by its ducted propeller.

The vehicle has an empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload is .

Variants
ATE
Initial model flying car/boat, Air-Terre-Eau ().
Navigathor
Improved model flying car/boat.

Specifications (Navigathor)

References

Navigathor
2000s French sport aircraft
2000s French ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Powered parachutes
Roadable aircraft
ABS Aerolight. ABS Aerolight was a French aircraft manufacturer based in Sérignan-du-Comtat. The company specialized in the design and manufacture of powered parachutes and roadable aircraft, in the form of kits for amateur construction and ready-to-fly aircraft for the European Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category.

The company appears to have gone out of business in late 2007 and production ended.

The company produced a line of powered parachutes in the mid-2000s, including the semi-enclosed cockpit ABS Aerolight Legacy and two models of roadable aircraft, the ABS Aerolight ATE and the development ABS Aerolight Navigathor. The ATE and  Navigathor both feature a wedge-shaped boat hull, a parachute wing and off-road four-wheeled landing gear for land use and are powered by a ducted fan in all modes.

Aircraft

References

External links
Company website archives on Archive.org

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of France
Ultralight aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Roadable aircraft
Powered parachutes
Chinese research ship Zhang Jian. Chinese oceanographic research ship Zhang Jian is a Chinese research ship designed by Shanghai Ocean University and built by the civilian-owned Zhejiang TianShi Shipbuilding Co., Ltd. (浙江天时造船有限公司) in Wenling, instead of government-owned enterprise, as in most cases of the ships in Chinese service.

Zhang Jian is the newest research ship in China (as of 2015), and it is designed to have an endurance of 60 days before needing resupply. The ship is designed to be a multifunction ship capable of carrying out various missions that previously had to be performed by separate ships. The ship primarily functions as an oceanographic research ship, but it can also act as a dive tender, a salvage ship, a rescue ship, a tourist ship, and a mother ship for a deep-submergence vehicle. The ship will be used as a mother ship for a .

The ship also carries other equipment for deep sea exploration, including an unmanned underwater vessel and three benthic landers. Designed by the Shenyang Institute of Automation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, the three benthic landers were originally to be capable of operating at the depth of . To avoid delays, this goal was modified with reduced requirements for the first benthic lander, which would use foreign components purchased abroad and have a maximum operational depth of 7000 meters. The 11000 meter operational depth of the original specification will be met by the second and third units. These will use completely indigenous components; development was to be completed in 2015. The first benthic lander begun sea trials in October 2014.

References

Auxiliary ships of the People's Liberation Army Navy
Research vessels of China
Ships built in China
2016 ships
Greg Speed. Gregory "Greg" Speed (born 1970) is a US former wheelchair track and field athlete who competed in the 1992 Summer Paralympics in Barcelona, Spain.

Speed broke the US national record in the 100m class T-4 race in 1990 IWAS World Games and the world record in the 4 × 100 m class T-4 relay race a year later. He is a member of the Southwest Chapter of the Olympians and Paralympians organization.

As well as track and field, Speed went at UT Arlington in 1988 to study for an aerospace engineering degree, he graduated in 1995 and worked as an engineer at Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control for five years. He focussed on working full-time on his own web-consulting and IT business in 2000 and he became the owner and operator of Speedsoft, a firm that consults on web design, information technology and online marketing services.

References

Living people
1970 births
Sportspeople from Fairfield, California
Sportspeople from Fort Worth, Texas
Paralympic track and field athletes for the United States
Athletes (track and field) at the 1992 Summer Paralympics
American male wheelchair racers
20th-century American sportsmen
Mulilo. Mulilo Renewable Energy is a South African company operating in the utility scale energy market in South Africa.

History
The company has been active since 2008, and has partnered two Round 1 Solar pv projects in the REIPPP program that started feeding power into the national grid in late 2014. 

Currently 4 round three projects are under construction in the Northern Cape province - 2 Solar Photovoltaic plants in Prieska and 2 wind farms near De Aar.

References

External links

Electric power companies of South Africa
Cytokine adsorbing column. Cytokine-adsorbing columns remove inflammatory toxins from the body. Such technology is currently being studied in more than 53 countries, including to treat sepsis in the European Union. Specific products include the brand names Cytosorb by Cytosorbents, Lixelle among others.

Their use is currently experimental; early clinical trials have generally failed to show significant improvement in survival.

Using cytokine-adsorbing columns involves channeling the patient's blood through a cartridge containing millions of minuscule polymer beads which trap toxins and inflammatory proteins. For this reason, the technology can only be used in conjunction with an additional blood pump system, like a dialysis machine or a heart-lung machine.

When cytokine-adsorbing columns are used in patients with septic shock, their additional clearance of antibiotics and antifungals should be taken into account, in order to increase their dose, especially when lipophilic anti-infective agents are administered. 

The US Air Force is funding a $3 million FDA approved randomized controlled trial in trauma and rhabdomyolysis.

References

Cytokines
Mikrotron-GmbH. Mikrotron GmbH develops, produces, distributes, and rents high-speed cameras, recording systems, software and image processing components. The company, based near Munich, Germany, employs about 35 people, and has 35 distributors operating in over 30 countries.

History

Mikrotron Digital Microcomputer and Analog Technology GmbH was established by Bernhard Mindermann and Andreas Stockhausen, two Kontron AG employees, in 1976 in Eching, near Munich, Germany, and entered into the commercial registry on January 19, 1977, to develop microcomputer programs, devices and systems. The Mikrotron name is derived from Kontron. In the 1980s, the company supplied data logging systems that can input data into other systems.  The company continued to grow  and evolve, as they developed customized electronic data logging systems.   The company began integrating machine vision into bonding machines in 1990, and integrated specialized video frame grabbers into high resolution cameras in the mid-1990s, as well as recording systems, consisting of a portable PC, external cameras, frame grabbers and software, which evolved into the company's current Long Time Recording Systems. Mikrotron launched its first high-speed camera in 1997, which recorded at a rate of 400 fps with a resolution of 1024 x 1024 pixels. These high-speed cameras were also integrated into the company's recording systems. In the late 2000s, the company's integrated FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Arrays) programming and custom frame grabbers within their cameras helped solve the latency problem with the GigE interface.  The company is ISO 9001:2008  certified (1/2014).

Products and applications
Mikrotron cameras capture images from 1.1 up to 25 MPixel resolution and frame rates from several hundred to more than 250,000 frames per second (fps). They are used for process optimization, quality testing, engineering and motion analysis. Mikrotron develops and designs all of the hard- and software that is used in its high-speed imaging products. Its own electronic manufacturing department produces the circuit boards using surface mount technology and assembles the cameras. The EoSens 25CXP, a 25 Mpixel CoaXPress camera, won the “Product of the Year” award from the electronics portal electroniknet.de.  In 2015, Mikrotron was awarded a Top Job Award for its exceptional leadership qualities.

References

External links 
 

Cameras
High-speed cameras
Ion-exchange membrane. An ion-exchange membrane is a semi-permeable membrane that transports certain dissolved ions, while blocking other ions or neutral molecules.  

Ion-exchange membranes are therefore electrically conductive.  They are often used in desalination and chemical recovery applications, moving ions from one solution to another with little passage of water.

Important examples of ion-exchange membranes include the proton-exchange membranes, that transport  cations, and the anion exchange membranes used in certain alkaline fuel cells to transport  anions.

Structure and composition
An ion-exchange membrane is generally made of organic or inorganic polymer with charged (ionic) side groups, such as ion-exchange resins. Anion-exchange membranes contain fixed cationic groups with predominantly mobile anions; because anions are the majority species, most of the conductivity is due to anion transport.  The reverse holds for cation-exchange membranes. 

The so-called heterogeneous ion-exchange membranes have low cost and a thicker composition with higher resistance and a rough surface that can be subject to fouling.  Homogeneous membranes are more expensive, but have a thinner composition with lower resistance and a smooth surface, less susceptible to fouling.  Homogeneous membrane surfaces can be modified to alter the membrane permselectivity to protons, monovalent ions, and divalent ions.

Selectivity
The selectivity of an ion-exchange membrane is due to Donnan equilibrium and not due to physically blocking or electrostatically excluding specific charged species.

The selectivity to the transport of ions of opposite charges is called its permselectivity.

Applications 
Ion-exchange membranes are traditionally used in electrodialysis or diffusion dialysis by means of an electrical potential or concentration gradient, respectively, to selectively transport cationic and anionic species.  When applied in an electrodialysis desalination process, anion- and cation-exchange membranes are typically arranged in an alternating pattern between two electrodes (an anode and a cathode) within the electrodialysis stack. A galvanic potential is supplied as a voltage generated at the electrodes.

A typical industrial electrodialysis stack consists of two chambers: a product-water chamber and a concentrate-reject chamber. During stack operation, salts are transferred from the product to the concentrate. As a result, the reject stream is concentrated up while the product stream is desalted.

Exemplary applications of ion-exchange membranes utilized in electrodialysis and EDR include seawater desalination, industrial wastewater treatment of highly scaling waters, food and beverage production, and other industrial wastewaters.

References

See also 
 Proton-exchange membrane

Laboratory techniques
Analytical chemistry
Sanyo 6000 series. The  is an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by the private railway operator Sanyo Electric Railway in Japan since April 2016.

Design
The trains have aluminium alloy bodies.

Formations
, five three-car sets (6000 to 6004) are in service. The trains are formed as shown below, with two driving motor ("Mc") cars and one non-powered intermediate trailer ("T") car. Odd and even-numbered sets differ in that even-numbered sets have a gangway connection at the Sanyo Himeji (western) end, while odd-numbered sets have a gangway connection at the Nishidai (eastern) end.

Even-numbered sets

The intermediate trailer cars are fitted with two single-arm pantographs.

Odd-numbered sets

The intermediate trailer cars are fitted with two single-arm pantographs.

Interior
Passenger accommodation consists of longitudinal bench seating throughout. Seat width is  per person. LED lighting is used.

History
Details of the new trains on order were first announced by Sanyo Electric Railway in May 2015.

Set 6001, was delivered from the Kawasaki Heavy Industries factory in Kobe to the Sanyo Electric Railway depot at  by road in November 2015.

The trains entered revenue service on 27 April 2016, with a departure ceremony held at Sanyo Himeji Station. Initially used only on the Sanyo Electric Railway Main Line, the trains also began operating on the Sanyo Electric Railway Aboshi Line from 17 May 2016.

References

External links

 Sanyo Electric Railway news release, May 2015 
 Kawasaki Heavy Industries news release, May 2015 

Electric multiple units of Japan
Train-related introductions in 2016
Kawasaki multiple units
1500 V DC multiple units of Japan