omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Widemex. Widemex International BV is a Dutch company that produces ironing board covers and ironing boards.

History 

The company was founded in 1954 in Amsterdam, The Netherlands by Mr. Wientjes. The name Widemex comes from the combination Wientjes Demonstration and Export. The company started initially with selling products by demonstrating them in stores. The products they sold were exported to various countries in Europe. One of its products was the metallized ironing board cover, at that time a complete new technical product for their market. After several years the company decided to sell only fabric which was laminated with foam, especially produced for ironing boards.

In 1970 the company was sold to the Nijhuis family. The new owners decided to move the company from Amsterdam to Geldrop, in the south of the Netherlands. The new owners stopped selling by demonstration and targeted on sales to larger companies and retailers. The production of ironing board covers became the company its core-business.

Decorated fabrics 

In 1972 world’s first decorated ironing board cover was presented by Widemex. This turned out to be a desired product under the consumers and therefore the company quickly expanded their range of decorated ironing board covers. The company offered their ironing board covers to ironing board producers around Europe which on their turn implemented the decorated fabrics into their production. 
The company’s assortment extended during the years with the production of various kitchen textiles. However, due to the massive import of these products in the mid-nineties from China and India the company decided to stop producing these products.

In the year 2000 the company was taken over by the Van der Maas family. The confection department was partly reduced after a reorganisation and therefore the company moved to a more appropriate location in Helmond, The Netherlands where the company is still situated today. 
Under supervision of the Van der Maas family the company extended their market share in Europe and became leading in her market segment. Today the company supplies ironing board covers to 35 countries over the world.

References

Privately held companies of the Netherlands
Manufacturing companies established in 1954
Dutch companies established in 1954
Manufacturing companies of the Netherlands
Rosenbauer Panther. Rosenbauer Panther is a model of airport crash tender produced by Austrian manufacturer Rosenbauer.

It exists in 4x4, 6x6 and 8x8 versions, with a 6x6 electric version in development. The 8x8 version accommodates 14,500 litres (3,830 gallons) of fire extinguishing agents and a maximum speed of 140 km/h (87 mph), with an operating weight of 40 tons.

History 
The Panther was released in 1991 and was the second airport crash tender vehicle from the manufacturer as a successor of the Rosenbauer Simba, which was discontinued in 1996. Panther was showcased at the Hanover show. The new vehicle was designed by Kristian Fenzl based on a MAN 36.1000 VFAEG chassis, powered by a MAN 22 litre V12 charge-cooled diesel engine producing 735kW (990hp) at 2,300rpm. Weighing at 36 tons, the vehicle was capable of accelerating from 0-80 km/h in 25 seconds with a top speed of 140 km/h, also having an automatic gearbox and a gradability of 60%. 

The Panther can carry 10,000-14,000 litres of water, 1,000-2,000 litres of foaming agent and up to 500 kg of powder. The vehicle usually has an 8x8 drivetrain, but smaller vehicles with 4x4 and 6x6 drivetrain were also manufactured. These became available in  May 1992.

Models 

 Panther 4x4
 Panther 6x6s
 Panther 6x6
 Panther 6x6 electric 
 Panther 8x8

Capacity

See also
 Rosenbauer Simba

References

Notes

External links

Official description
Datasheet 1 PANTHER electric

Fire service vehicles
Aircraft rescue and firefighting
Vehicles introduced in 1991
Vehicles of Austria
Rosenbauer vehicles
Revolution Bioengineering. Revolution Bioengineering is a biotech company in Fort Collins, Colorado, United States that is working to create a plant that changes color throughout the day on its own using synthetic biology techniques to harness genes involved in the color and internal clock systems in petunias. The company started as part of the inaugural class of Ireland-based SynBio Axlr8r, a three-month business accelerator program awarding $60,000 and mentoring to biotech start-ups using synthetic biology. One of the company's goals is to embrace the current GMO controversy and work to show capabilities of synthetic biology through their project.

Plant science 
To create the plants the project will utilize the existing anthocyanins in petunia.  Anthocyanins color many flowers and fruits.  They absorb light in the visible spectrum and may appear red, purple or blue depending on the pH, the presence or absence of metal ions, and other molecular interactions.

The color of the anthocyanins will be controlled using circadian rhythms, an internal clock system found in many organisms that works to control gene expression over time. Using the principles of synthetic biology, the company will control the expression of a gene that modifies pH. Connecting these systems genetically can potentially create plants that change color throughout the day.

Synbio Axlr8r 
Revolution Bioengineering was selected as part of the inaugural Ireland-based SynBio Axl8r program (now called IndieBio). Nikolai Braun and Keira Havens spent the summer of 2014 in Cork City, Ireland, working with University College Cork, to develop their science and business.

Approach to GMO controversy 
Color changing flowers are genetically modified organisms and as such will be subject to review through the USDA regulatory agency APHIS. While there has been substantial media coverage of resistance to agricultural genetic modification, as a non-food organism without engineered herbicide or pesticide resistance, it remains to be seen how the general public will respond to this new consumer biotechnology.

Crowdfunding 
According to their website the project will hold a crowd-funding campaign in early 2015 and plans to have their plants available to purchase in 2016 with more plant varieties following.

References

External links 
 Official Website

Companies based in Fort Collins, Colorado
Penta-graphene. Penta-graphene is a hypothetical carbon allotrope composed entirely of carbon pentagons and resembling the Cairo pentagonal tiling. Penta-graphene was proposed in 2014 on the basis of analyses and simulations. Further calculations predicted that it is unstable in its pure form, but can be stabilized by hydrogenation. Due to its atomic configuration, penta-graphene has an unusually negative Poisson’s ratio and very high ideal strength believed to exceed that of a similar material, graphene.

Penta-graphene contains both sp2 and sp3 hybridized carbon atoms. Contrary to graphene, which is a good conductor of electricity, penta-graphene is predicted to be an insulator with an indirect band gap of 4.1–4.3 eV. Its hydrogenated form is called penta-graphane. It has a diamond-like structure with sp3 and no sp2 bonds, and therefore a wider band gap (ca. 5.8 eV) than penta-graphene. Chiral penta-graphene nanotubes have also been studied as metastable allotropes of carbon.

References

External links
 

Graphene
Allotropes of carbon
Hypothetical chemical compounds
ARM Cortex-A72. The ARM Cortex-A72 is a central processing unit implementing the ARMv8-A 64-bit instruction set designed by ARM Holdings' Austin design centre. The Cortex-A72 is a 3-way decode out-of-order superscalar pipeline.  It is available as SIP core to licensees, and its design makes it suitable for integration with other SIP cores (e.g. GPU, display controller, DSP, image processor, etc.) into one die constituting a system on a chip (SoC). The Cortex-A72 was announced in 2015 to serve as the successor of the Cortex-A57, and was designed to use 20% less power or offer 90% greater performance.

Overview
 Pipelined processor with deeply out-of-order, speculative issue 3-way superscalar execution pipeline
 DSP and NEON SIMD extensions are mandatory per core
 VFPv4 Floating Point Unit onboard (per core)
 Hardware virtualization support
 Thumb-2 instruction set encoding reduces the size of 32-bit programs with little impact on performance.
 TrustZone security extensions
 Program Trace Macrocell and CoreSight Design Kit for unobtrusive tracing of instruction execution
 32 KiB data (2-way set-associative) + 48 KiB instruction (3-way set-associative) L1 cache per core
 Integrated low-latency level-2 (16-way set-associative) cache controller, 512 KB to 4 MB configurable size per cluster
 48-entry fully associative L1 instruction translation lookaside buffer (TLB) with native support for 4 KiB, 64 KiB, and 1 MB page sizes
 32-entry fully associative L1 data TLB with native support for 4 KiB, 64 KiB, and 1 MB page sizes
 4-way set-associative of 1024-entry unified L2 TLB per core, supports hit-under-miss
 Sophisticated branch prediction algorithm that significantly increases performance and reduces energy from misprediction and speculation
 Early IC tag –3-way L1 cache at direct-mapped power*
 Regionalized TLB and μBTB tagging
 Small-offset branch-target optimizations
 Suppression of superfluous branch predictor accesses

Chips
 Broadcom BCM2711 (used in Raspberry Pi 4)
 Qualcomm Snapdragon 650, 652, and 653
 NXP i.MX8, Layerscape LS1026A/LS1046A, LS2044A/LS2084A, LS2048A/LS2088A, LX2160A/LX2120A/LX2080A, LS1028A
 Texas Instruments Jacinto 7 family of automotive and industrial SoC processors.
 Rockchip RK3399
 AWS Graviton

See also

 ARM Cortex-A57, predecessor
 ARM Cortex-A73, successor
 Comparison of ARMv8-A cores, ARMv8 family

References

External links
 
 ARM Cortex-A72 Technical Reference Manuals

ARM processors
Reactive compatibilization. Reactive compatibilization is the process of modifying a mixed immiscible blend of polymers to arrest phase separation and allow for the formation of a stable, long-term continuous phase. It is done via the addition of a reactive polymer, miscible with one blend component and reactive towards functional groups on the second component, which result in the "in-situ" formation of block or grafted copolymers.

A large number of commercial polymeric products are derived from the blending of two or more polymers to achieve a favorable balance of physical properties. However, since most polymer blends are immiscible, it is rare to find a pair of polymers that both are miscible and have desired characteristics. An example of such pair is the miscible resin NORYL™, a mix of poly(phenylene oxide) and polystyrene. Immiscible blends will phase separate and form a dispersed phase, which may improve physical properties (figure 1). DuPont’s rubber toughened Nylon consists of small particles of poly(cis-isoprene) (natural rubber) in a Nylon matrix that toughen the material by arresting crack propagation.

Miscibility of Polymer Blends

The Gibbs free energy of mixing, , must be negative for a blend to be miscible. According to Flory-Huggins theory, a revision of regular solution theory, the entropy change per mole of lattice sites of blending polymer 1 and polymer 2 is

, where ΔS is the change in entropy of mixing, R is the gas constant, Φ is the volume fraction of each polymer, and x is the number of segments of each polymer. x1 and x2 increase with higher degrees of polymerization and thus molecular weight. Since most useful polymers are high in molecular weight, the change in entropy experienced from the mixing of two large polymer chains is very low, and typically does not bring the Gibbs free energy low enough to constitute miscibility.

Compatibilization
Most processed polymer mixes consist of a dispersed phase in a more continuous matrix of the other component. The formation, size, and concentration of this disperse phase are typically optimized for specific mechanical properties. If the morphology is not stabilized, the dispersed phase may coalesce under heat or stress from the environment or further processing. This coalescence may result in diminished properties (brittleness and discoloration) due to the induced phase separation. These morphologies can be stabilized by sufficient interfacial adhesion or lowered interfacial tension between the two phases.

A common technique involves functionalizing one monomer. For example, Nylon-rubber bands are polymerized with functionalized rubber to produce graft or block copolymers. The added structures make it no longer favorable to coalesce and/or increase the steric hindrance in the interfacial area where phase separation would occur.

References

Polymers
Polymer chemistry
GER Class C32. The GER Class C32 was a class of fifty  steam locomotives designed by James Holden and built by the company's Stratford Works between 1892 and 1902. They all passed to the London and North Eastern Railway at the 1923 grouping and received the classification F3.

History
These locomotives were fitted with  cylinders and  diameter driving wheels. They were a tank engine version of the T26 class s, albeit with a  shorter coupled wheelbase. They shared the same type of boiler as that class, as well as the N31 and later Y14 class s. They were intended for use on long-distance stopping services, and so they were all initially fitted with Westinghouse air brake equipment.

The R33 and D53 batches had been fitted with condensing equipment from new, but the LNER gradually removed them from all but one locomotive, the exception being an early retirement.

All had survived to pass to the LNER in 1923; the first retirement started in 1936 when 8090 was withdrawn.

Thirty-seven locomotives lasted long enough to be renumbered in the 1946 scheme; fifteen of them became the property of British Railways in 1948, but only three of them lasted long enough to receive their BR number.

References

Sources

Further material

C32
2-4-2T locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1893
Scrapped locomotives
Standard gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain
Condensing steam locomotives
Passenger locomotives
Pottier P.130 Coccinelle. The Pottier P.130 Coccinelle () is a French light aircraft originating from one designed, but not built, in the 1960s. Redeveloped thirty years later, it is a homebuilt, single engine two seater. More than twenty have been constructed.

Design and development

In 1966 Jean Pottier designed the P.30 Pétrel.  It would have been a single engine, small, shoulder wing monoplane, but it was never built.  Thirty years later Pottier produced a revised version seating two side by side and designated the P.130 Coccinelle. This venture was supported by the RSA's Bleu Citron () programme and the P.130 has sometimes been referred to as the Pottier Bleu Citron.

The Coccinelle is a simple wood framed, fabric covered monoplane, with shoulder mounted wings braced by a single strut each side from the lower fuselage longerons. The wings are essentially rectangular in plan, though with blunted forward tips, and have significant forward sweep. The balanced rudder is almost without a fin, though there is a shallow, triangular fillet in front of the rudder, which is large, straight edged and extends to the keel. The rectangular tailplane, mounted at the top of the fuselage, carries full span, rectangular plan elevators with a central cut-out to allow rudder movement.

The Coccinelle's fuselage has a rectangular section throughout and its profile is straight edged except under the engine, where it curves upwards. The side-by-side seats are ahead of the wing leading edge and largely enclosed under a one piece, rear hinged, part bubble type canopy. Behind this are further transparencies which can vary from builder to builder but extend rearwards a little way into the wing.  Most Coccinelles have a tail wheel undercarriage with front wheels on thin, steel cantilever legs, though a tricycle undercarriage is an option. Some builders have added spats.

Following Pettier normal practice, the Coccinelle was intended for home building from his plans. These allow a choice between the P.130UL, meeting the ultralight certification requirements, or the normal P.130L. The 2014 French register shows that the latter is usually preferred. A variety of engines are suitable, including the Volkswagen air-cooled flat four with powers between  and the  JPX.

The prototype first flew in 1998 and by 2001 more than 60 were under construction in France.  The European 2014 civil aircraft registers show 23 P.130s, 21 in France and 2 in Spain.

Variants

P.130L Coccinelle meeting normal light aircraft certification requirements
P.130UL Coccinelle meeting ultralight requirements

Specifications (65 hp Volkswagen engine)

References

Pottier aircraft
1990s French sport aircraft
Shoulder-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1998
Victor Zue. Victor Waito Zue (born  1944) is a Chinese American computer scientist and professor at Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

From 1989 to 2001, he headed the Spoken Language Systems Group at the MIT Laboratory for Computer Science. The group pioneered the development of many systems enabling interactions between human and computers using spoken language. Then, he served a ten-year tenure as Director of the Lab for Computer Science (LCS), and the Co-Director and Director of the Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Lab (CSAIL). Since 2001, Victor has returned to teaching and research from the director position in 2011. He is also a distinguished research chair professor at NTU Taiwan.

Biography
Zue was born in Sichuan, China, and was raised in Taiwan and Hong Kong.  He came to the US at age 18 to study at the University of Florida. He graduated with his bachelor's degree in electrical engineering in 1968. He received his Sc.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1976. In the early part of his career, Zue studied acoustics, phonetics, and phonological properties of
American English. His research interest shifted to the development of spoken language interfaces to make human-computer interactions easier and more natural. Between 1989 and 2001, he led the Spoken Language Systems Group at the MIT Laboratory for Computer Science. During this time, he helped lead development of the TIMIT Acoustic-Phonetic Continuous Speech Corpus. Zue collaborates with and is married to fellow MIT researcher Stephanie Seneff.

Honours and awards
Zue is a Fellow of the Acoustical Society of America, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the International Speech Communication Association. He is an elected member of the U.S. National Academy of Engineering, and an Academician of the Academia Sinica in Taiwan. He received the Okawa Prize in 2012, and the IEEE James L. Flanagan Speech and Audio Processing Award in 2013.

References

External references
Q&A with MIT's Victor Zue

MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory people
American computer scientists
1940s births
Living people
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
University of Florida alumni
Speech processing researchers
Fellows of the Acoustical Society of America
Chinese emigrants to the United States
Scientists from Sichuan
Chinese computer scientists
Société Française de Construction Aéronautique. The Société Française de Construction Aéronautique (SFCA) was an aircraft manufacturing company based in Buc, France.

History
The Société Française de Construction Aéronautique was established on the 24 July 1934 by André Maillet. Most of the aircraft produced by SFCA were light aircraft and trainers.

Aircraft 
 SFCA Lignel 10
 SFCA Lignel 16
 SFCA Lignel 161
 SFCA Lignel 20
 SFCA Lignel 20S
 SFCA Lignel 31
 SFCA Lignel 44
 SFCA Lignel 46 Coach
 SFCA Maillet 20
 SFCA Maillet 201
 SFCA Maillet 21
 SFCA Maillet-Lignel 20
 SFCA Taupin
 SFCA Taupin 5/2

References

External links

Musee Aeronautique Presqu'ile Cote d'Amour

Yvelines
Defunct aircraft manufacturers of France
V. Sriram. Sriram Venkatakrishnan (born 22 June 1966) is an Indian entrepreneur, columnist, music historian and heritage activist. He was schooled in Madras and Calcutta. His bachelor's in engineering from the Delhi College of Engineering in 1987 was followed by a master's in business administration specializing in marketing and advertising from Delhi University. Sriram then moved on to a varied career in marketing and advertising before joining his family businesses in Industrial Hydraulics and Software.

Works

Heritage Walks

Sriram pioneered the concept of heritage walks in Chennai. This was in 1999, when he led a heritage walk in Mylapore
. Since then his monthly heritage tours in different areas of the city and his quarterly heritage tours in other parts of India have attracted a wide audience. As of 2018, Sriram has completed 75 different historic tours in Chennai and elsewhere. Further details on his web sites www.sriramv.com and www.pastforward.in

Other Details

Sriram is a regular columnist with The Hindu and is Associate Editor of Madras Musings, the fortnightly brought out by S Muthiah, the city's best-known chronicler. He is currently one of the four Secretaries of the Music Academy, Madras, in which capacity he is the Convenor of its Annual Conference. Sriram's blog Madras Heritage and Carnatic Music is a popular site for trivia on the two subjects that he writes on. He was also Convenor of the Chennai Chapter of the Indian National Trust for Arts and Cultural Heritage during 2012/13.

References

1966 births
Living people
Indian music historians
Indian columnists
Electrum (sculpture). Electrum or Electrum (for Len Lye) (Len Lye being a New Zealand artist), is a 1998 sculpture by Eric Orr and Greg Leyh built around the world's largest Tesla coil. The coil stands 11.5 meters (37 feet) in height, operates at power levels up to 130,000 watts, and produces 3 million volts on its spherical top terminal.  The sculpture is currently installed in a private area at Gibbs Farm in Kaukapakapa in New Zealand, a sculpture park art collection of businessman Alan Gibbs. The top, spherical electrode of the sculpture is large enough to hold a human. The piece was the subject of a 2000 documentary, "Electrum: Science as Art" and the 2011 documentary Lightning Dreams, by Alberta Chu.

References

External links 
 Electrum at Atlas Obscura
 Electrum at Gibbs Farm

Outdoor sculptures in New Zealand
Electromagnetic coils
1998 sculptures
1998 establishments in New Zealand
Outdoor sculptures in Auckland
American Sportscopter. American Sportscopter, Inc., also called American Sportscopter International, Inc., was an American aircraft manufacturer based in Newport News, Virginia. The company specialized in the design and manufacture of helicopters in the form of the Ultrasport line of kits for amateur construction in the homebuilt aircraft and the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles categories.

The company was formed before 1998 and seems to have gone out of business by 2010.

The company's first product was the American Sportscopter Ultrasport 254, a single-seat helicopter with an empty weight of  for the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles category. This was followed by a heavier and more capable single-seat design for the homebuilt category, the American Sportscopter Ultrasport 331. There was also a two-seat trainer, the American Sportscopter Ultrasport 496. All models were named for their empty weight, in pounds.

Aircraft

References

External links

Official website archives on Archive.org

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United States
Ultralight aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Helicopters