omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Alenia Aermacchi Sky-X. The Alenia Aeronautica Sky-X is a self-financed unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)  for demonstration and research purpose; on May 29, 2005, it became the first European-designed UAV in the over 1000 kg category to fly with success.

Design and development

The roll-out of the Sky-X was carried out by Alenia in May 2003 and, after 18 months of development, it first flew at the Swedish test area of Vidsel.

After a first test campaign conducted with ground control in order to explore the whole flight envelope the development has focused on the autonomous flight systems, in particular the ATOL system (Assisted take off and landing), the collision avoidance, the precision autonomous navigation, the sight autonomous landing and attack and the autonomous formation fly capabilities. In 2008 the Sky-X demonstrated the capability of carrying out the join-up maneuvers necessary for in-fly refueling with an Alenia C-27J.

Thanks to the technologies developed for the Sky-X in 2005 Alenia Aeronautica has joined the nEUROn European program with a consistent development share.

Specifications (Sky-X)

References

External links

 Alenia Aeronautica official webpage

Sky-X
2000s Italian experimental aircraft
V-tail aircraft
Unmanned military aircraft of Italy
Aircraft first flown in 2005
High-wing aircraft
Unmanned aerial vehicles of Italy
Single-engined jet aircraft
Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear
SLATEC. SLATEC Common Mathematical Library is a FORTRAN 77 library of over 1,400 general purpose mathematical and statistical routines.  The code was developed at US government research laboratories and is therefore public domain software.

"SLATEC" is an acronym for the Sandia, Los Alamos, Air Force Weapons Laboratory Technical Exchange Committee, an organization formed in 1974  to foster the exchange of technical information between the computer centers of three US government laboratories.

Project history and current status 

In 1977, the SLATEC Common Mathematical Library (CML) Subcommittee decided to construct a library of FORTRAN subprograms to provide portable, non-proprietary, mathematical software that could be used on a variety of computers, including  supercomputers, at the three sites. The computers centers of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the National Bureau of Standards and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory also participated from 1980–81 onwards.

The main repository for SLATEC is Netlib. The current version is 4.1 (July 1993). Since then, a very small number of minor corrections has been made without incrementing the version number.

The GNU Scientific Library (GSL), initiated in 1996 and stable since 2001, was started with the explicit aim to provide a more modern replacement for SLATEC.

Contents 

Each subroutine in SLATEC is tagged as belonging to one of 13 subpackages. Some of these subpackages are also well known as free-standing FORTRAN subprogram libraries, including BLAS, EISPACK, FFTPACK, LINPACK and QUADPACK. The following table shows all subpackages and the number of subroutines they contain:

References

Further reading
 Walter H. Vandevender, Karen H. Haskell, The SLATEC mathematical subroutine library, ACM SIGNUM Newsletter, Volume 17 Issue 3, September 1982

External links
 SLATEC source code at Netlib
 SLATEC information at GAMS

Fortran libraries
Numerical software
Public-domain software with source code
British Aircraft Manufacturing. The British Aircraft Manufacturing Company Limited (formerly the British Klemm Aeroplane Company) was a 1930s British aircraft manufacturer based at London Air Park, Hanworth, Middlesex, England.

History
The German aircraft manufacturer Klemm developed a successful low powered light aeroplane, the Klemm L.25, which first flew in 1927. Several were sold to British owners, where they proved popular, so the British dealer for the L.25, Major E.F Stephen, set up the British Klemm Aeroplane Company at Hanworth, Middlesex to produce a version of the L.25 under licence.

The prototype of the licensed version, known as the B.K. Swallow, first flew in November 1933. The company's first aircraft design was the B.K. Eagle a single-engine cabin monoplane, although similar to the Klemm L.32 was designed by G.H. Handasyde.

The company changed name in 1935 to the British Aircraft Manufacturing Company and new variants of the Swallow and Eagle were designated as the British Aircraft Swallow and Eagle (or B.A Swallow and B.A. Eagle).

The company then followed with a side-by-side two-seat monoplane, the B.A.3 Cupid, but only one was built. The last aircraft produced was the 1936 B.A.IV Double Eagle a six-seat twin-engined high-wing monoplane, only three were built.

On 25 June 1935 the Northern Whig newspaper reported that the British Aircraft Manufacturing Company, Ltd. had acquired the rights from the United Aircraft Corporation of America to manufacture in the United Kingdom the Sikorsky S 42 flying boat. The British Aircraft Manufacturing Company, Ltd. proposed to form a new company to produce the aircraft, this company became the British Marine Aircraft Company which was later reorganised into Folland Aircraft

Aircraft
British Aircraft Swallow
British Aircraft Eagle
British Aircraft Cupid
British Aircraft Double Eagle

Rotorcraft
Cierva C.40

References

Notes

References

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Aircraft industry in London
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1933
1933 establishments in England
History of the London Borough of Hounslow
British companies established in 1933
British Aircraft Double Eagle. The British Aircraft B.A.IV Double Eagle was a British twin-engined six-seater monoplane designed and built by the British Aircraft Manufacturing Company of London Air Park, Hanworth, England.

Design and development
The Double Eagle was a twin-engined high-wing monoplane with a retractable landing gear, the main gear retracting backwards into the engine nacelles. The first aircraft (Y-1) was powered by two 130 hp (97 kW) de Havilland Gipsy Major engines, and it first flew from Hanworth on 3 July 1936, later registered G-ADVV. The second aircraft (G-AEIN) was fitted with two de Havilland Gipsy VIs. Three aircraft were built, although one citation is claimed to say that only two Double Eagles were produced, and that both were impressed by the RAF.

Operational history
In 1940, the first aircraft (G-ADVV) was impressed into the Royal Air Force as ES949, and was finally used as an instructional airframe by Armstrong-Whitworth, and later Parnall.

On 29 September 1936, the second aircraft (G-AEIN), piloted by Tommy Rose, took off in the Schlesinger Race (from Portsmouth to Johannesburg). It was retired when it suffered damage at Almaza Airfield (Cairo), due to collapse of the undercarriage.
 In 1940, it was impressed into the RAF as ES950, and ended its life in 1941 as an instructional airframe.

The third aircraft (ZS-AIY) was sold to the Aircraft Operating Company in South Africa as an aerial surveying aircraft, and was then re-registered ZS-AOC. In 1940, it was impressed into service with 60 Squadron of the South African Air Force as serial number 1415.

Operators

South African Air Force, one only.

Royal Air Force, two.

Specifications (with Gipsy Major)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

1930s British civil utility aircraft
Double Eagle
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1936
Twin piston-engined tractor aircraft
Engine house. 

An engine house is a building or other structure that holds one or more engines.  It is often practical to bring engines together for common maintenance, as when train locomotives are brought together.

Types of engine houses include:
 motive power depots (MPD), where locomotives are stored and maintained
 Buildings that housed a steam engine on a mine, used for pumping, winding or stamping. Many of these have survived in Cornwall, England, for example at Crown Mines. 
 Buildings that housed a pumping engine for an atmospheric railway
House-built engines, where the engine is the house.  A house-built engine is a large beam engine where the engine house itself forms the frame of the engine.

The term "engine house" is also used, widely in the United States and perhaps elsewhere, to mean:
Fire station, which hold fire engine trucks.

List of engine houses
Notable examples, not including fire stations, include:

in Australia
Numerous historic sites listed on the Victoria Heritage Register

in England
 The South Devon Railway engine houses, built for Brunel's atmospheric railway
 The hydraulic engine house, Bristol Harbour, which provided power for lock gates, cranes, and other equipment
 The Tardebigge Engine House, a former canal-pumping engine house in Worcestershire, England
 Cobb's Engine House which housed a steam pump, in Rowley Regis, West Midlands, England
 "Engine House No. 2" housing the Markfield Beam Engine, Tottenham, London
 The Brunel Engine House in Rotherhithe, London, housing the Brunel Museum
 The Engine House, now a museum opened in 2008 at the Severn Valley Railway, which houses locomotives

in the United States
Belt Railroad Engine House and Sandhouse, San Francisco, California
Rockland Turntable and Engine House, Rockland, Maine
Cleveland Mine Engine House Number 3, Ishpeming, Michigan
Winona and St. Peter Engine House, Winona, Minnesota
Gloucester City Water Works Engine House, Gloucester City, New Jersey
Stewartstown Engine House, Stewartstown Railroad, Stewartstown, Pennsylvania

See also
List of fire stations
List of pumping stations

References

Buildings and structures by type
Engine House
Barlow's formula. Barlow's formula (called "Kesselformel" in German) relates the internal pressure that a pipe can withstand to its dimensions and the strength of its material.

This approximate formula is named after Peter Barlow, an English mathematician.

,

where

  : internal pressure,
 : allowable stress,
   : wall thickness,
 : outside diameter.

This formula (DIN 2413) figures prominently in the design of autoclaves and other pressure vessels.

Other formulations

The design of a complex pressure containment system involves much more than the application of Barlow's formula. For example, in 100 countries the ASME BPVCcode stipulates the requirements for design and testing of pressure vessels.

The formula is also common in the pipeline industry to verify that pipe used for gathering, transmission, and distribution lines can safely withstand operating pressures. The design factor is multiplied by the resulting pressure which gives the maximum operating pressure (MAOP) for the pipeline. In the United States, this design factor is dependent on Class locations which are defined in DOT Part 192. There are four class locations corresponding to four design factors:

External links
Barlow's Formula Calculator 
Barlow's Equation and Calculator 
Barlow's Formula Solver 
 Barlow's Formula Calculator for Copper Tubes

References

Mathematical analysis
Piping
Pressure vessels
Sablatnig SF-1. The Sablatnig SF-1 was a reconnaissance seaplane built in Germany during the First World War.

Development
It was a conventional two-bay biplane with staggered wings of unequal span and a fuselage of particularly sleek design. The pilot and observer sat in open cockpits in tandem, and the undercarriage consisted of twin pontoons braced to the underside of the fuselage and to wings.

Operational history
Sablatnig delivered the SF-1 prototype to the SVK (Seeflugzeug Versuchs Kommando – "Seaplane Testing Command") in October 1915 under the naval serial number 490. It was finally accepted into active naval service a full two years later, in October 1917. Although accepted for service with the Imperial German Navy, only the prototype was built, and no production order was forthcoming.

Operators

Imperial German Navy Air Service
SVK (Seeflugzeug Versuchs Kommando – "Seaplane Testing Command")

Specifications

Notes

References

 

 
 
 

Sablatnig aircraft
1910s German military reconnaissance aircraft
Floatplanes
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1915
Larry Stockmeyer. Larry Joseph Stockmeyer (1948 – 31 July 2004) was an American computer scientist. He was one of the pioneers in the field of computational complexity theory, and he also worked in the field of distributed computing.  He died of pancreatic cancer.

Career 

 1972: BSc in mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
 1972: MSc in electrical engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
 1974: PhD in computer science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
 Supervisor: Albert R. Meyer.
 1974–1982: IBM Research, Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY.
 1982–November 2003: IBM Research, Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA.
 October 2002 – 2004: University of California, Santa Cruz, Computer Science Department – Research Associate.

Recognition 

 1996: Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery: "For several fundamental contributions to computational complexity theory, which have significantly affected the course of this field."
 2007: The Edsger W. Dijkstra Prize in Distributed Computing for the paper .

Notable publications 

  — this work introduced the polynomial hierarchy.
  — "one of the most remarkable doctoral theses in computer science".
  — this work introduced alternating Turing machines.
  — this paper received the Dijkstra Prize in 2007.

Notes

References 
 .
 
 .
 .
 .
 .
 . PhD Thesis.
 
 
 
 
  Includes the program of 'Larry Stockmeyer Commemoration' (21 May 2005).

External links 
 Larry Stockmeyer's Home Page.
 

1948 births
2004 deaths
American computer scientists
American theoretical computer scientists
Researchers in distributed computing
MIT School of Engineering alumni
University of California, Santa Cruz faculty
1996 fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
Dijkstra Prize laureates
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science alumni
Information visualization reference model. The Information visualization reference model is an example of a reference model for information visualization, developed by Ed Chi in 1999, under the name of the data state model. Chi showed that the framework successfully modeled a wide array of visualization applications and later showed that the model was functionally equivalent to the data flow model used in existing graphics toolkits such as VTK.

Overview 
In previous work, according to Chi (2000), "researchers have attempted to construct taxonomies of information visualization techniques by examining the data domains that are compatible with these techniques. This is useful because implementers can quickly identify various techniques that can be applied to their domain of interest. However, these taxonomies do not help the implementers understand how to apply and implement these techniques".

According to Chi (2000), he and J.T. Reidl "in 1998 extends and proposes a new way to taxonomize information visualization techniques by using the Data State Model. Many of the techniques share similar operating steps that can easily be reused. The Data State Model not only helps researchers understand the space of design, but also helps implementers understand how information visualization techniques can be applied more broadly".

In 1999 Stuart Card, Jock D. Mackinlay, and Ben Shneiderman present their own interpretation of this pattern, dubbing it the information visualization reference model.

References

Further reading 
 Ed H. Chi (2002). "Expressiveness of the Data Flow and Data State Models in Visualization Systems".

External links 
 Description of the Information Visualization Reference Model at the InfoVis:Wiki - includes references describing the model and its use.

Computational science
Spencer Engineering Building. The Alexander Charles Spencer Engineering Building, known as Spencer Engineering Building (SEB) is the main building of engineering faculty in University of Western Ontario.  The Dean's office, Mechanical and Materials Engineering Department and Civil and Environmental Engineering Departments are in this building. The Electrical and Computer Engineering Department as well as the Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Department reside in the Thompson Engineering Building, which was opened in 2004.

History
There became an increased need for an engineering-specific building on the Western campus ever since the establishment of the Department of Engineering Sciences in 1954. After much deliberation, construction began in early 1958 and was finished by April 1959. The cost of construction was totalled at $1.75 million. $500,000 of this cost was donated by Major General Alexander Charles Spencer. After being presented with this large donation, the Western Board of Governors agreed that the building would bear his name.

The building was built next to the Cronyn Observatory and built slightly on the edge of the expanding campus, away from the Faculty of Sciences buildings. There is some indirect evidence to suggest that this was done deliberately to help the new building and faculty develop their own 'character' and not be influenced by other already successful science-based programs, although this is debated speculation.

The building was designed by architect Ronald Murphy.

Notes

University of Western Ontario
Buildings and structures in London, Ontario
Baumhauerite. Baumhauerite (Pb3As4S9) is a rare lead sulfosalt mineral.  It crystallizes in the triclinic system, is gray-black to blue-gray and its lustre is metallic to dull. Baumhauerite has a hardness of 3.

Baumhauerite occurs as small crystals embedded in dolomitic marble. It is found primarily in the Lengenbach Quarry, Binnental, in the Valais region of Switzerland, the mineral is named after German mineralogist Heinrich Adolph Baumhauer (1848–1926), who discovered it at Lengenbach, famous among mineralogists for its array of rare minerals, in 1902. Baumhauerite has also been reported at Sterling Hill, New Jersey, United States, typically in association with molybdenite, and in aggregates at Hemlo, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada.

See also
List of minerals
List of minerals named after people

References

Lead minerals
Arsenic minerals
Sulfosalt minerals
Triclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 1
Avtar Saini. Avtar Saini (1956-28 February 2024) was an Indian microprocessor designer and developer who held patents related to microprocessor design. He was also a director for Intel's South Asia division. He was best known for his leadership role in the design and development of Pentium processor at Intel.

Career and achievements 
Saini held a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from VJTI, Mumbai, and a master's degree in electrical engineering from the University of Minnesota.

In April 1982, he joined Intel as a product engineer in the area of magnetic bubble memories. Through the 1980s he worked as a circuit designer on the Intel 80386 and a micro-architect/logic designer on the 80486.

In 1989, he was promoted to co-lead the Pentium processor design team where he managed the design and its ramp into volume production. In 1994, Saini was promoted to general manager of Intel's Santa Clara microprocessor division, where he managed Intel's next-generation 64-bit architecture microprocessor.

In May 1996, he moved to Folsom, California to head Intel's platform components division, where he was responsible for chipset and graphics solutions.

In September 1999, Saini relocated to India as Intel's director of South Asia. He left Intel in January 2004.

Saini held seven patents related to microprocessor design.

Death 
Saini died on 28 February 2024 when a taxi hit him from behind while he was cycling in Navi Mumbai.

References

2024 deaths
University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering alumni
American people of Punjabi descent
People from Folsom, California
Cycling road incident deaths
Road incident deaths in India

1956 births
AXI. AXI or variation, may refer to:

 Automated X-ray inspection
 Advanced eXtensible Interface of ARM for Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA)
 AXI car, a right-hand-drive version of the DMC DeLorean
 Aeron International Airlines (ICAO airline code: AXI), see List of airline codes (A)
 Axitinib (PDB code AXI)
 AxiCorp GmbH, a German pharmaceutical company, subsidiary of Biocon
 S55 Axi Expressway, see List of Regional Expressways of China
 Axi (), Qaka, Xinjiang, China; a village
 Axi Township (), Zoigê County, Ngawa, Sichuan, China; see List of township-level divisions of Sichuan
 Axi language, a Loloish language spoken by the Yi people
 Axi Stachowitsch (1918–2013), Austrian-Russian academic
 Robert Axi, 15th century Member of Parliament in England
 "axi-", a term pertaining to axis; see List of Greek and Latin roots in English/A–G

See also

 Capsicum axi (C. axi), a species of chilli
 Trilobodrilus axi (T. axi), a species of bristleworm
 1AXI, a protein configuration of Growth hormone 1
 2AXI, a protein configuration of Mdm2
 Axi-cel, a treatment for large B-cell lymphoma
 Axi-Shield
 
 
 axis (disambiguation)
 Ax1 (disambiguation)
 Axl (disambiguation)
Hyper CD-ROM. The Hyper CD-ROM is a claimed optical data storage device similar to the CD-ROM with a multilayer 3D structure, invented by Romanian scientist Eugen Pavel.

The technology is supposedly similar to FMD discs. The bit of data being held as a change in fluorescence characteristics once irradiated with one or two lasers. The target is irradiated with a pulse of laser(s) then a CCD or photodiode wait for an emitted light by the medium due to the Fluorescence effect (bit value set to "1" if emitted, else "0").

Characteristics 

The reported storage capacity of one such disk is   as storage occurs on  levels layered inside the glass body of the disk.

It claims to use fluorescent photosensitive material (glass enhanced with rare earth or vitroceramic enhanced with photosensitizing metals) as storage medium.

The Hyper CD-ROM technology is patented in 21 countries: the US, Canada, Japan, Israel and 17 European states.

Despite its bold claims the technology has not been shown as a working prototype in the over twenty years since its announcement and there has been no commercial production.

In an interview about his work on the Hyper CD-ROM, Pavel stated that "the research for this project is 100% personal, [and] so is the support for experiments."

References

External links
 Storex Technologies, the Company producing the disc.
 Press Release, about 1PB optical disc.

Video storage
Vaporware
Audio storage
120 mm discs
Rotating disc computer storage media
Romanian inventions
Bright Sparks. Bright Sparks is an Australian educational television series that first aired in 1989. The series taught viewers about science and technology. The series included animated characters (Sparky, Alex, and Amy) learning new ideas in science ad technology by bringing them into live action backgrounds to learn the subject.

The series won the 1991 Houston International Film and Video Festival.

Characters
Sparky (voiced by Keith Scott): A very intelligent robot from outer space. He arrives on Earth to teach Amy and Alex different types of science and technology by transforming into a spaceship and taking the two to new places. Sometimes he gets so caught up in the subject matter, he starts to ramble. Sparky also gets caught in between Amy and Alex's constant arguments.
Amy (voiced by Taylor Owynns): A 12-year-old girl who embarks on adventures with Sparky alongside her brother Alex. She's very arrogant and is always trying to prove her knowledge superior to Alex, despite her learning most of the information from Sparky.
Alex (voiced by Robyn Moore): Amy's boisterous 7-year-old brother. He's always eager to learn new things with Sparky and asks many silly questions about the subject matter (to which sometimes are correct). He also argues with Amy constantly.

VHS and Home Video Releases
In 1996, VHS copies of these episodes were released in the United Kingdom:
Energy
Water, Water Everywhere
Cars, Planes, Bikes, and Trains
Feeding Our World
Animals
My House

References

External links
 

Australian children's television series
1989 Australian television series debuts
Television series by Beyond Television Productions