omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Catherine Hirshfeld Crouch. Catherine Louise Hirshfeld Crouch is an American materials physicist. She is a Full professor in the Department of Physics at Swarthmore College and faculty director of Swarthmore's Natural Sciences & Engineering Inclusive Excellence Initiatives.

In 2021, Hirshfeld Crouch was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society for "her leadership in physics education research, focused on promoting the thoughtful use of interactive engagement for all students, for making physics relevant to life science majors, and supporting others through archiving of key resources, mentoring, and commitment to equity and inclusion in STEM."

Early life and education
Hirshfeld Crouch was born to Dr. John W. Hirshfeld in Swarthmore, Pennsylvania. She earned her Bachelor of Science degree in physics from Williams College in 1990 before completing her PhD at Harvard University. When graduating from Williams College, Hirshfeld Crouch became valedictorian. Following her PhD, Hirshfeld Crouch remained at Harvard as a Postdoctoral Fellow in Physics Education and Applied Physics under the guidance of Eric Mazur.

Career
Upon completing her Postdoctoral Fellowships, Hirshfeld Crouch joined the faculty at Swarthmore College in 2003 and earned tenure in 2009. At the time, she was an assistant professor of physics whose research focused on the technique of microphotoluminescence. Following her promotion to associate professor, Hirshfeld Crouch expanded her research interests to include protein-cell membrane interactions, nanoparticle physics, and physics education. She also became a principal investigator in a nine-institution National Science Foundation (NSF) grant for evaluation and dissemination of physics curriculum. Hirshfeld Crouch also became an editor for the journal Physical Review who later recognized her as one of their "Outstanding Referees" for 2016.

In 2017, Hirshfeld Crouch was promoted from associate professor to full professorship. At the same time, she was selected to oversee a grant from the NSF to measure how well students taking the Introductory Physics for Life Science (IPLS) course perform. Two years later, Hirshfeld Crouch was elected vice chair of the American Physical Society (APS) Forum on Education where she would help advise the organization's efforts in faculty development, K–12 teacher recruitment, setting national standards for undergraduate physics education, and establishing new initiatives.

In 2021, Hirshfeld Crouch was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society for "her leadership in physics education research, focused on promoting the thoughtful use of interactive engagement for all students, for making physics relevant to life science majors, and supporting others through archiving of key resources, mentoring, and commitment to equity and inclusion in STEM."

References

Living people
Date of birth missing (living people)
Scientists from Pennsylvania
American women physicists
American physicists
Harvard University alumni
Williams College alumni
Swarthmore College faculty
Fellows of the American Physical Society
American materials scientists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Edward Baylies Thornhill. Major Edward Baylies Thornhill M.Inst.C.E (11 June 1841 - 31 August 1911) was chief engineer of the London and North Western Railway from 1902 to 1909.

Family
He was born on 11 June 1841 in St James West, Middlesex, the son of Walter Thornhill (1806-1887) and Sophia Turner (1811-1879).

On 25 September 1873 he married Mary Elizabeth Walker (1854-1945) in St Saviour's Church, Paddington and they had the following children:
Walter Edward Thornhill (1874-1950)
Ethel Sophie Mary Eleanor Thornhill (1875-1876)
Henry Langton Thornhill (1877-1945)
Margorie Thornhill (1878-1971)
Violet Constance Thornhill (1880-1977)
Frederick Baylies Thornhill (1882-1957)
John Albert Thornhill (1884-1970)
Charles Hope Thornhill (1886-1956)
Geoffrey Holland Thornhill (1888-1917)
Mildred Mary Thornhill (1892-1977)

He died on 31 August 1911 in Colwyn Bay, Caernarvonshire.

Career
He was educated at King's College London and then served a pupilage with William Pole MICE.

He entered the service of the London and North Western Railway in September 1862. Shortly after joining he was appointed a resident engineer and one of his first projects was the widening of the railway between Edge Hill and Lime Street Station in Liverpool, the enlargement of Liverpool Lime Street railway station and a new dock at Garston.

He was appointed a Member of the Institution of Civil Engineering in 1870.

In 1879 he was appointed chief assistant to the company for all new works under the Chief Engineer Frank Stevenson.

In 1893 he was appointed to the rank of Major in the Engineer and Railway Staff Corps.

On the death of Frank Stevenson in 1902, he succeeded to the post of Chief Engineer. In this role he designed the widening into Euston station, the Wilmslow and Levenshulme new railway; the widening into Manchester London Road station and the construction of another dock at Garston.

References

1841 births
1911 deaths
British railway civil engineers
London and North Western Railway people
Alumni of King's College London
SK radar. SK was an American-made air-search radar used during World War II by the United States Navy. Models included SK-1, SK-2 and SK-3.

Overview 
SK was a very high frequency search set for large ships. It furnished range and bearing of surface vessels and aircraft, and it could be used for control of interception. The set had both "A" and PPI scopes, provisions for operating with remote PPIs and for IFF connections, and built-in BL and BI antennas.

With the antenna at , SK could detect medium bombers at  altitude at . Range accuracy was ±  and azimuth accuracy ± 3°. There was no elevation control, but elevation could be estimated roughly from positions of maximum and minimum signal strength.

Shipment for SK included spares, with tubes for 400 hours, and a separate generator if the ship's power is DC. SK was not air transportable.

SK had 10 components weighing approximately . The heaviest unit, at , was the antenna assembly. The antenna measured  x . It was mounted  or more above water. The minimum operators required were one per shift. Primary power required was 3500 watts, 115 volts, 60 Hz. The source of power is ship's power of 115 volts, 60 Hz.

During the later stages of World War II, a parabolic antenna called SK-2 replaced the SK-1.

On board ships

United States 
 
 
 
 USS Enterprise (CV-6)
 USS Saratoga (CV-3)
 
 
 
 South Dakota-class battleship
 
 
 
 USS Pennsylvania (BB-38)
 
 
 USS Arkansas (BB-33)
 
 
 
 
 USS Wichita (CA-45)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Commencement Bay-class escort carrier

United Kingdom 
 
 HMS Boxer (F121)

Gallery

See also 

 List of radars
 Radar configurations and types
 Air-search radar

Citations

References 

 Norman Friedman (2006). The Naval Institute Guide to World Naval Weapon Systems.  Naval Institute Press.  
 Buderi, Robert (1998). The Invention That Changed the World: How a Small Group of Radar Pioneers Won the Second World War and Launched a Technical Revolution. Touchstone. 
 Hezlet, Arthur (1975). Electronics and Sea Power. New York: Stein and Day. 

Naval radars
World War II radars
Military equipment introduced from 1940 to 1944
Military radars of the United States
Alan Harold Luther. Alan Harold Luther (born December 14, 1940) is an American physicist, specializing in condensed matter physics.

Education and career
Luther graduated in electrical engineering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) with a B.S. in 1962 and an M.S. in 1963. In 1967 he graduated from the University of Maryland with a Ph.D. in physics under the supervision of Richard Allan Ferrell. As a postdoc Luther was from 1967 to 1969 at the Technical University of Munich and from 1969 to 1971 at Brookhaven National Laboratory. At Harvard University he was from 1971 to 1973 an assistant professor and from 1973 to 1976 an associate professor. At Nordita in Copenhagen he was from 1976 a full professor from 1976 until his retirement as professor emeritus.

In 1974 he found, with Victor Emery, exact solutions for one-dimensional electron gas models (Luther-Emery liquids). Luther's research also deals with boson-fermion duality, conformal field theories, the generalized Bethe ansatz, spin chains and two-dimensional models of statistical mechanics, strongly correlated electron systems in two dimensions, and high-temperature superconductivity.

For the academic year 1975–1976 he was a Sloan Research Fellow. In 2001 he received (with Victor Emery) the Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize for "fundamental contribution to the theory of interacting electrons in one dimension."

Selected publications

Books

References

1940 births
Living people
20th-century American physicists
21st-century American physicists
American theoretical physicists
Condensed matter physicists
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
University System of Maryland alumni
Harvard University faculty
Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize winners
Type 75. Type 75 or 75th type may refer to:

 Type 075 landing helicopter dock (ship class) of the PRC's PLAN
 Type 75 155 mm self-propelled howitzer (cannon), a SPG of the Japanese Self Defence Force
 Type 75 130 mm multiple rocket launcher (tank), an AFV of the Japanese Self Defense Force 
 Bristol Type 75, a British interwar transport biplane
 Lotus Type 75, a version of the Lotus Elite British sports car
 Tatra 75 also called Type 75, a Czech interwar motorcar

See also

 
 T75 (disambiguation)
 Type (disambiguation)
 75 (disambiguation)
 C75 (disambiguation)
 Class 75 (disambiguation)
 M75 (disambiguation)

 S75 (disambiguation)
Winifred Burks-Houck. Winifred Burks-Houck (August 20, 1950 – May 6, 2004) was an environmental organic chemist and the first female president of National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers (NOBCChE), serving from 1993 – 2001.

Personal life 

Winifred Burks-Houck was born on August 20, 1950, in Anniston, Alabama, the daughter of Mary Emma Goodson-Burks and Matthew Burks. She was the great, great, great-granddaughter of abolitionist Harriet Tubman.

Burks-Houck pledged as a member of the Delta Sigma Theta sorority as an undergraduate student at Dillard University. She served in various leadership roles during her time in alumnae chapter, holding positions as the president from 1987 – 1989, vice-president and chair of fundraising. In honor of her scientific work, Burks-Houck was named a Project Cherish Honoree at Delta Sigma Theta's 43rd annual national convention.

Education 

Burks-Houck began her education in Anniston, Alabama, having attended both elementary and high school in the city. Burks-Houck continued her education and earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in chemistry from Dillard University followed by a Master of Science Degree in Organic Chemistry from Atlanta University.

Career 

In 1983, Burks-Houck joined Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, working as an environmental chemist on environmental protection projects with an interest in ensuring worker safety.

National Organization for the Professional Advancement of Black Chemists and Chemical Engineers (NOBCChE) 

Burks-Houck was dedicated to the establishment of the NOBCChE on the West Coast and its national endeavours. She represented NOBCChE in Dakar, Senegal, delivering a presentation titled: "Environmental Applications and Regulatory Reporting". Starting in 1984, she worked for the San Francisco Bay Area Chapter, running development events for both professional and educational audiences. In 1991, Burks-Houck was elected as national vice president, and was elected president in 1993, becoming the first female president. Burks-Houck served as president for four terms until 2001. She worked to modernize the organization's computer systems and established new scholarships and she is credited with doubling the number of professional and student chapters. Burks-Houck was also credited with building partnerships with other organizations such as the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), American Chemical Society (ACS), American Indian Science and Engineering Alliance, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), and the Society for the Advancement of Chicanos and Native Americans in Science (SACNAS).

Death and legacy 

Burks-Houck died on May 6, 2004.

In 2010, the NOBCChE created the Winifred Burks-Houck Professional Leadership Awards and Symposium. This award is given for outstanding work in the fields of science and technology to African American women.

References 

1950 births
2004 deaths
American organic chemists
American women chemists
Atlanta University alumni
Delta Sigma Theta members
Dillard University alumni
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory staff
People from Anniston, Alabama
Martin Klein (engineer). Martin Klein (born April 5, 1941) is an American engineer and inventor. He worked in the development of the side scan sonar, a tool  used in maritime archaeology, deep-sea and coastal survey, marine geology, offshore engineering and military mine defense.

Life and education 
Klein was born in New York City and lives in Andover, Massachusetts. He moved to Boston in 1958 for his education and graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1962 with a bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering.

Klein’s career started as a student at MIT when he worked on projects with Harold “Doc” Edgerton in his Strobe Alley lab. After graduation, he joined Edgerton, Germeshausen & Grier (EG&G Inc.) in 1962 as program manager. Klein equipped the submersibles Trieste and Trieste II with the EG&G side scan sonar systems required in searching for the USS nuclear submarine Thresher that sank in 1963. During his time at EG&G, Klein also led the development of the Mark I dual channel, towed side scan sonar. Klein founded Klein Associates (now Klein Marine Systems) in 1968, a company that developed commercial sonar systems. He sold the company in 1989 but continues to work in ocean technologies. He is on the Advisory Boards of MIT Sea Grant, MIT Museum, and the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, a fellow of the Marine Technology Society and the Explorers Club, and an active part of the MATE-ROV Program.

Klein received the Arnold O. Beckman award in 2011 for his contributions to technological development of the side scan sonar. He received an honorary doctoral degree from the University of New Hampshire for his contributions in scientific exploration such as research regarding the Loch Ness monster, helping to locate the RMS Titanic shipwreck, and pinpointing the Challenger space shuttle.

References 

1941 births
Living people
21st-century American engineers
SS Milwaukee (1868). SS Milwaukee was a wooden-hulled American steam barge in service between 1866 and 1886. Originally a canaller, she was built in 1868 in Ogdensburg, New York, by A.C. Keating, for the Northern Transportation Company of Cleveland, Ohio. Designed with the explicit purpose to traverse the locks of the Welland Canal, Milwaukee spent her early career shuttling cargo between Ogdensburg, and Chicago, Illinois, while routinely making several stops in between. She was sold several times, and was involved in multiple accidents between 1868 and 1883. In early 1883, she was sold to lumberman Lyman G. Mason of Muskegon, Michigan, who had her reconstructed as a steam barge for the transport of lumber to Chicago.

Late in the afternoon on July 8, 1886, Milwaukee left Chicago, bound for Muskegon, following a lumber delivery. Despite clement weather, visibility across Lake Michigan was impaired by smoke from several forest fires. A few hours later, the crew of Milwaukee sighted the lights of the Chicago-bound steam barge C. Hickox. A thick fog suddenly descended on the lake, obscuring both vessels, and leading to the lack of reduced speed required to avert a collision. Following a sudden turn, C. Hickox made a sudden turn, crashing into the side of Milwaukee. Two hours after the collision, Milwaukee sank, with only a single fatality.

The location of Milwaukee wreck remained unknown for almost 137 years, until it was located by the Michigan Shipwreck Research Association, resting in  of water,  from Holland, Michigan, significantly intact. The discovery of the wreck was publicly announced on March 23, 2024.

History

Design and construction

Service history

Final voyage

Milwaukee wreck

References

Sources

 
 
 
 

1868 ships
Maritime incidents in 1886
Shipwrecks of Lake Michigan
Shipwrecks of the Michigan coast
Great Lakes ships
Merchant ships of the United States
Ships sunk in storms
Sonia Fahmy. Sonia Amin Fahmy is a computer scientist specializing in computer networking, including network architectures and communication protocols, and particularly known for her work on clustering in wireless ad hoc networks. She is a professor of computer science at Purdue University.

Education and career
Fahmy studied computer science as an undergraduate at The American University in Cairo, graduating in 1992. After working for two years as a software engineer in Egypt, she went to the Ohio State University for graduate study in computer science, earning a master's degree there in 1996 and completing her Ph.D. in 1999. Her dissertation, Traffic Management for Point-to-Point and Multipoint Available Bit Rate (ABR) Service in Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Networks, was supervised by Rajendra Jain.

She joined the Purdue University faculty as an assistant professor in 1999, earned tenure as an associate professor there in 2005, and was promoted to full professor in 2011. She was named a University Faculty Scholar for 2015–2020.

Recognition
In 2022, Fahmy was named an IEEE Fellow "for contributions to design and evaluation of network protocols and sensor networks".

References

External links
Home page

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American computer scientists
American women computer scientists
Computer networking people
The American University in Cairo alumni
Ohio State University College of Engineering alumni
Purdue University faculty
Fellows of the IEEE
Mia Krisna Pratiwi. Mia Krisna Pratiwi (born 19 June 1996) is an Indonesian Environmental engineer and environmentalist. In 2021, she was listed as one of BBC's 100 Women.

Pratiwi attended the Bandung Institute of Technology and works at the Denpasar City Environmental Agency. Pratiwi developed a computer application to improve the collection, processing and recycling of urban waste on the island of Bali. It is managed through the NGO Griya Luhu and involves the local community.

In October 2021, Pratiwi was on the jury for the Sustainable Teenpreneur Competition.

References 

1996 births
Living people
People from Bali
Environmental engineers
Indonesian women environmentalists
21st-century Indonesian women 
21st-century Indonesian engineers 
Bandung Institute of Technology alumni
Indonesian women engineers
21st-century women engineers
SCIFiRE. SCIFIRE, or the Southern Cross Integrated Flight Research Experiment, is an American-Australian military technology partnership that is developing a solid-rocket-boosted, air-breathing, hypersonic conventionally-armed cruise missile that can be launched by existing fighter or bomber aircraft.

History 
The project is led by the United States Department of Defense and the Australian Department of Defence. The United States Air Force, United States Navy, the Royal Australian Air Force Headquarters, and the Australian Defence Science and Technology Group are working with contractors Boeing, Lockheed Martin, and Raytheon Technologies.

The project is an "outgrowth" of the 2007-initiated HIFiRE project, which involved the same partners and explored scramjet engine technology and tested the flight dynamics of a Mach-8 hypersonic glide vehicle. SCIFiRE officially commenced in November 2020. The missile will be capable of Mach 5 speed and will be suitable for launching from an F/A-18F Super Hornet, EA-18G Growler, F-35A Lightning II, or a P-8A Poseidon maritime surveillance aircraft. Flight testing is expected to occur in the RAAF Woomera Range Complex in South Australia.

As of 2021, the missile was expected to enter service within 5 to 10 years. The Australian Government considers the missile to be a potential deterrent to would-be aggressors in the Pacific region.

The follow-on tactical-range Hypersonic Attack Cruise Missile (HACM) will be built by Raytheon Technologies and will use a Northrop Grumman scramjet.

References 

Hypersonic cruise missiles
Proposed weapons of the United States
Proposed weapons
Australia–United States military relations
Nicos Christofides. Nicos Christofides (born 1942 in Cyprus; died 2019) was a Cypriot mathematician and professor of financial mathematics at Imperial College London.

Christofides studied electrical engineering at Imperial College London, where he also received his PhD in 1966 (dissertation: The origin of load losses in induction motors with cast aluminum rotors). He was briefly with Associated Electrical Industries and then again at Imperial College.

In 1976, he devised Christofides algorithm, an algorithm for finding approximate solutions to the travelling salesman problem. Christofides algorithm is considered "groundbreaking" and has collected over 2200 citations.

In 1982, he became professor of operations research. In 1990, he was the co-founder and director of the Centre for Quantitative Finance (now the Institute for Financial Engineering). Christofides became Professor Emeritus of Quantitative Finance at Imperial College London in 2009. He died in 2019.

References 

1942 births
2019 deaths
Cypriot mathematicians
Greek Cypriots
Richard J. Koubek. Richard John Koubek is an American engineer and university administrator serving as the 11th president of Michigan Technological University since 2018. He formerly served as executive vice president and provost at Louisiana State University. Prior to joining LSU, Koubek was professor and head of the Harold and Inge Marcus Department of Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering at the Pennsylvania State University.  He has also held the posts of professor and chair for the Department of Biomedical, Industrial and Human Factors Engineering, as well as associate dean for research and graduate studies for the College of Engineering and Computer Science at Wright State University.

Biography 
Richard John Koubek was born in Berwyn, Illinois and grew up in California's San Fernando Valley and Farmington Hills, Michigan, before returning to the Chicago area during his high school years. He received a BA from Oral Roberts University in 1981, in biblical literature, with a minor in chemistry. He received a BS in psychology from Northeastern Illinois University in 1982, and then completed his MS and PhD in industrial engineering from Purdue in 1985 and 1987, respectively.

Koubek began his academic career as a faculty member in the Wright State University College of Engineering and Computer Science. He later served six years as an assistant and associate professor in the School of Industrial Engineering at Purdue University, and then as a full professor and chair of the Department of Biomedical, Industrial and Human Factors Engineering. In 2009, Koubek became the Dean of the LSU College of Engineering. He was named executive vice president & provost at Louisiana State University in 2015, until being named President of Michigan Technological University in late 2018. 

Koubek currently serves on the board of directors for the Central Collegiate Hockey Association, the Michigan Association of State Universities and InvestUP.

References

External links
Official webpage

American academic administrators
American industrial engineers
Oral Roberts University alumni
Purdue University alumni
21st-century American engineers
Living people
Michigan Technological University faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)

Presidents of Michigan Technological University