omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Gloria Bolotsky. Gloria Ruth Bolotsky ( Gordon; July 28, 1921 – June 30, 2009) was an American computer scientist, one of the early programmers of the ENIAC computer.

Early life
Gloria Ruth Gordon was born in New York City. She attended a nursing school, but eventually graduated with a degree in mathematics from Brooklyn College.

She married Max Bolotsky, a metallurgist, in 1948. They raised their family in Rockville, Maryland. They had five daughters.

Career
Gordon worked at the Brooklyn Navy Yard as a mathematician before moving to Philadelphia to join the University of Pennsylvania's engineering school in the 1940s. She was part of a team of around a hundred scientists who participated in the programming of the ENIAC computer, which was designed to calculate artillery firing tables for the US Army. The initial programming had been done by six women.

In 1946, Life magazine published a photograph of the ENIAC with two women working on it. Although the women were not identified at the time, the woman crouching was later revealed to be Gordon, while the other one was co-worker Esther Gerston.

From Philadelphia, she was hired to a secret group at the Aberdeen Proving Ground in Maryland in 1947. In the 1950s, Gloria Bolotsky worked as a high school mathematics teacher in Towson for a year. In 1963, she joined the National Bureau of Standards in Gaithersburg, where she worked for the next twenty years. Her contributions included computer networking, embedding networks in telecommunications systems, and cost optimization techniques.

Later life
Bolotsky was widowed in 1998 after forty-nine years of marriage. She died of cancer on June 30, 2009, in Gaithersburg, Maryland, aged 87. She was interred at King David Memorial Gardens, Falls Church, Virginia.

Selected publications

References

Further reading
 
 

1921 births
2009 deaths
Scientists from Brooklyn
People from Gaithersburg, Maryland
Brooklyn College alumni
Deaths from cancer in Maryland
American computer scientists
American women computer scientists
20th-century American women scientists
20th-century American scientists
Scientists from New York (state)
20th-century American mathematicians
20th-century American women mathematicians
21st-century American women
Serna-class landing craft. The Serna class, Russian designation Project 11770, is a class of air cavity system landing craft constructed for the Russian Navy. Twelve boats were built by Vostochnaya Verf between 1994 and 2014. Four boats of the export project 11771 were built in 1994.

Four ships of the Project 11771 designation were made specifically for export to other countries. One was sold to Estonia (now out of service), and three were sold to the United Arab Emirates.

Deployment
During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, a Serna-class craft docked at Snake Island was destroyed when the island was attacked by a Ukrainian Bayraktar TB2 drone on 6 May 2022. One more Serna-class craft and one  craft were reported by Ukrainian intelligence to have been destroyed near Crimea on 10 November 2023.

References

External links

Amphibious warfare vessel classes
Amphibious warfare vessels of the Russian Navy
Landing craft
MSC Zoe. MSC Zoe is an Olympic-class container ship built by Hanwha Ocean and operated by the Mediterranean Shipping Company.  MSC Zoe was one of the largest container ships in the world when built in 2015. It is the third of a series of ships built for MSC, after MSC Oscar and MSC Oliver.

Name
MSC Zoe takes her name from the four year old grand-daughter of Gianluigi Aponte, the Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC) president and chief executive.

Construction
MSC Zoe was built by Daewoo in South Korea for $140 million.

Ship's particulars
At a length of  and beam of , MSC Zoe has a draft of . She has a capacity of 19,224 TEU and a cargo capacity (dwt) of 199,272 tonnes.

Propulsion
The vessel's main engine is a two-stroke MAN B&W 11S90ME-C diesel engine, which is a height of , a length of  and a breadth of . The engine has a maximum continuous rating of  at 82.2 rpm and a normal continuous rating of  at 79.4 rpm.

Loss of containers at sea

On 1 January 2019, 342 containers went overboard whilst MSC Zoe was sailing on the North Sea. Two hundred ninety-seven containers were lost north of the Dutch island Ameland, the remaining containers some hours later north of the German island Borkum. Nineteen of the containers and their contents – including organic peroxides, children's toys, shoes, bags, cushions, chairs, televisions, and plastic packaging – washed ashore on the Dutch islands of Vlieland, Terschelling, Ameland and Schiermonnikoog and German island Borkum in the Wadden Sea, a protected UNESCO biosphere reserve.

In 2020, the Dutch Safety Board, German BSU and Panama Maritime Authority published a joint report on their investigation of the incident. It notes that the loss of containers occurred over several hours, due to strong rolling and the associated accelerations caused by the prevalent sea conditions at the time. Although it found that the loading and securing of the cargo was in accordance with regulations at the time, it recommended to revise the regulations with special consideration of very large container ships.

In 2019 the shipping company created a list of places at sea where contents of the containers still can be found but did not publish it. After a lengthy legal battle against the Dutch government (who deemed the waste "litter") this list was made public in April 2024. It contains 6000 places at sea, and it totals around , circa a quarter of the original waste.

Sisterships
MSC Oscar
MSC Oliver
MSC Maya
MSC Sveva

See also
 List of largest container ships
 Largest container shipping companies

References

2015 ships
Container ships
Ships built by Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering
Maritime incidents in 2019
Soviet locomotive class E el-2. The E el-2 (Cyrillic script: Ээл2) was a Soviet diesel–electric locomotive designed by Yury Lomonosov and built in Germany.  The work was started by Hohenzollern Locomotive Works in Germany but, for political reasons, it was later transferred to Maschinenfabrik Esslingen. The locomotive was completed in 1924. In January 1925 it was transferred to the USSR and presented to the press and officials. The rest of that year it spent on several mainline routes of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Soviet Union) then worked mostly between Moscow and Kursk, Later it was moved to Ashkhabad (Ashgabat) in Turkmenistan. Despite some technical troubles in its early years, it underwent several modifications and lasted until 1954, running about a million kilometres (600,000 miles) in total.

Powertrain
The prime mover was an MAN submarine-type diesel engine, weighing 26 tonnes, and there were five traction motors, one for each driving axle. A semi-flexible coupling was installed between the diesel engine and the generator.

References

Railway locomotives introduced in 1924
E el-2
5 ft gauge locomotives
1′Eo1′ locomotives
Heroes of Chemistry. The Heroes of Chemistry is an award given annually by the American Chemical Society. It highlights teams responsible for creation of innovative and impactful products based on chemistry and chemical engineering and is intended to show how human welfare is improved by industrial chemical scientists and their companies.

The Heroes of Chemistry was first awarded in 1996.  Multiple awards are given yearly. The award has recognized products from a variety of companies and a variety of fields.  Winners include pharmaceuticals,  agricultural chemicals, zeolites, chemical processes, and polymers.  The award has evolved over time.  In early years, many individuals were named based on a body of work.  More recently, the award has been granted to development teams responsible for commercialized products.

See also

 List of chemistry awards

References

External links 
  List of winners

Academic awards
Chemistry awards
International awards
Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Limited. The Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Limited (UETCL) is a parastatal company whose primary purpose is to make bulk electricity purchases and transmit the electricity along high-voltage wires to local and foreign distribution points. UETCL is the sole authorized national bulk energy purchaser and the sole authorized electricity importer and exporter in Uganda.

Location
The headquarters of UETCL are at 10 Hannington Road on Nakasero Hill in Kampala, Uganda's capital and largest city. The coordinates of the company headquarters are 0°19'13.0"N 32°35'12.5"E (Latitude:0.320278; Longitude:32.586806).

History
The company was incorporated as a limited company on 26th March 2001 by an act of the Ugandan parliament following the break-up of the defunct Uganda Electricity Board.

Operations

UETCL is responsible for the development, operations, maintenance, and improvement of the high-voltage power transmission lines, above 33kV, in Uganda. It also owns and operates the high-voltage substations (above 33kV), around the country. UETCL is wholly owned by the Ministry of Finance, Planning and Economic Development and is regulated by the Ugandan Ministry of Energy & Mineral Development.

Power loss reduction

To reduce electricity transmission losses in the country, UETCL has borrowed US$100 million (UGX:337 billion) from Exim Bank of China to construct four mega substations. The installations will feed the industrial parks at Luzira, Namanve, Mukono, and Iganga. The work also involves construction of  of 132 kilovolt transmission lines. The work was expected to be complete in 2019.

New board members
In June 2022, Ruth Nankabirwa, the incumbent Minister of Energy and Minerals, introduced and swore in a new board of directors for the company. The new board members are: 
 Kwame Ejalu: Chairman 
 Joshua Karamaji 
 Sharon Achiro 
 Sylvia Muheebwa Nabatanzi 
 Cecilia Nakiranda 
 Julius Mukooli 
 Eng Innocent Oboko Yotkum.

See also

Umeme
Energy in Uganda
Uganda Electricity Generation Company Limited
Electricity Regulatory Authority
List of power stations in Uganda

References

External links
 UETCL Homepage
 Uganda: Electricity Firms Face Staffing Challenges As of 7 September 2015.
 Land Owners hampering power grid extension - UETCL As of 10 March 2022.

Energy companies of Uganda
Electric power infrastructure in Uganda
Energy companies established in 2001
Government-owned companies of Uganda
Electric power companies of Uganda
2001 establishments in Uganda
Charles P. Casey. Charles P. Casey (born January 11, 1942) is an organometallic chemist who was the 2004 President of the American Chemical Society.  He is currently the Homer Adkins Professor Emeritus of Chemistry at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.  He was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1993.

Education
Casey received his B.S. in Chemistry from St. Louis University in 1963, and his Ph.D. in Chemistry from MIT in 1967 under the direction of George M. Whitesides.  His thesis title was "Thermal decomposition of organocopper(I) compounds".  He was then a postdoctoral fellow in organic chemistry at Harvard University from 1967-1968.

Academic career
Casey's research program focuses on the mechanisms of homogeneously catalyzed reactions, and creating new reagents for organic synthesis including heterobimetallic catalysts.  More recently, his research has included studies of diruthenium hydrogenation catalysts, which contain both a protic and a hydridic hydrogen, and hydroformylation reaction catalyzed by chelating diphosphines with large P-M-P angles.

Casey has been a member of the faculty of the Department of Chemistry at the University of Wisconsin since 1968.  He achieved the rank of Full Professor in 1977.  Named positions he has held at Wisconsin include the Romnes Faculty Fellowship (1977), the Evan P. Helfaer Professorship (1985-1991), and the Homer B. Adkins Professorship (2004–present). Among the significant awards has received for his research are the American Chemical Society Award in Organometallic Chemistry in 1991, and the American Chemical Society Award for the Advancement of Inorganic Chemistry in 2011.

Casey's advisees include Steven H. Bertz, Joseph M. O'Connor, R. Morris Bullock, Seth R. Marder, Ross A. Widenhoefer, William D. Jones, Richard F. Jordan, Robert E. Colborn, L. Keith Woo, and Jon A. Tunge.

References

Living people
21st-century American chemists
University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty
Presidents of the American Chemical Society
Saint Louis University alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science alumni
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
1942 births
Harvard University alumni
Jordan Research and Training Reactor. The Jordan Research and Training Reactor (JRTR) is a 5MWth multipurpose research reactor located on the campus of Jordan University of Science and Technology in Ar Ramtha city in northern Jordan. The reactor was inaugurated under the patronage of King Abdullah II on 7 December 2016. The reactor is the first nuclear facility that was exported by South Korean consortium of Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute and Daewoo E&C, and is Jordan's first nuclear reactor.

Description 
The reactor will become the focal point for a Nuclear Science and Technology Center in the university which intends to serve Jordan by educating the upcoming generations of nuclear engineers and scientists in the country. The reactor and associated systems will be designed, constructed and operated to support; education and training in support of programs in nuclear engineering and nuclear reactor operations, forensic analysis, radioisotope production for medical and industrial applications, neutron beam applications including non-destructive examination and neutron science applications.

The research reactor was praised by a Korean nuclear safety official concerning the role of the Energy and Minerals Regulatory Commission in monitoring the reactor.

See also 

 Nuclear energy in Jordan
 Jordan Radioactive Storage Facility
 Synchrotron-Light for Experimental Science and Applications in the Middle East

References

External links 
 JRTR website

Nuclear research reactors
Science and technology in Jordan
Scientific organisations based in Jordan
USS Oakland (LCS-24). USS Oakland (LCS-24) is an  of the United States Navy. She is the third ship to be named for the City of Oakland, California.

Design
In 2002, the United States Navy initiated a program to develop the first of a fleet of littoral combat ships. The Navy initially ordered two trimaran hulled ships from General Dynamics, which became known as the  after the first ship of the class, . Even-numbered US Navy littoral combat ships are built using the Independence-class trimaran design, while odd-numbered ships are based on a competing design, the conventional monohull . The initial order of littoral combat ships involved a total of four ships, including two of the Independence-class design. On 29 December 2010, the Navy announced that it was awarding Austal USA a contract to build ten additional Independence-class littoral combat ships.

Construction and career 
Oakland was built by Austal USA in Mobile, Alabama. A ceremonial laying of the keel was held at the Austal USA shipyards in Mobile on 20 July 2018.  The ship was christened on 29 June 2019 and then launched on 21 July 2019.
She was delivered to the Navy on 26 June 2020, and was commissioned on 17 April 2021. The ship was in Honiara, Solomon Islands on 7 August 2022 for ceremonies marking the 80th anniversary of the Battle of Guadalcanal.

References

Independence-class littoral combat ships
2019 ships
ThothX Tower. The ThothX Tower is a space launch platform tower design by Canadian aerospace company Thoth Technologies (ThothX). It is not a full space elevator, but a  inflatable tubular tower structure  in diameter, using elevators to transfer up and down to the stratospheric platform where rocket launch vehicles would land, refuel, load, and launch from to reach and return from orbit. It is projected that a launch from the top of the tower would save 30% of the fuel needed to reach orbit. From the top of the tower, the horizon would be  away. The design has received UK and U.S. patent protection. The design is projected to cost  and take 10 years to build. The full-sized tower would be about 20x taller than the tallest building as of 2015, Burj Khalifa of 

Self-climbing electric elevators would travel within the inflated structure to convey material between the top platform and base. The cars would either run in the tower or along the outside and would carry about . Normal elevator cables cannot stretch longer than  high. The tower would be built out of stacked kevlar cells inflated to extreme pressures with hydrogen or helium gas. Flywheels would be used to stabilize the structure, as the structure is much too tall for guywires to work. The tower is designed to be able to survive Category 5 hurricanes. With the reduction in fuel needed to reach orbit, it is projected that single-stage-to-orbit craft can be practicably used with current technology. The tower is  high as most orbital rockets go  up before curving towards orbit, and this tower could eliminate that portion of flight.

A  tower model was unveiled in 2009. A  demonstration tower is planned to be built. The basic design may be extended to  towers.

Among other projected uses for the tower would be as a communications tower, low-altitude replacement for satellites, high-altitude wind turbine platforms.

References

Further reading
USPTO Patent no. 9085897 "Space Elevator" granted 21 July 2015.
Could A Sky Rail Work

Air-supported structures
Space access
Towers
Controlled Impact Rescue Tool. Controlled Impact Rescue Tool, or CIRT, is a concrete breaching tool produced by Raytheon, that is capable of providing Urban Search & Rescue (USAR) teams with the ability to penetrate a reinforced concrete wall up to four times faster than traditional methods.

In development since 2007, this 38-inch long, 105-pound tool uses blank ammunition cartridges to drive a
piston that generates a high-energy jolt to create a contained hole in the concrete. A series of these holes
allows the creation of an area large enough to deliver vital supplies such as food, water and medicine to victims before first responders are able to get victims to safety.

The force generated by CIRT is concentrated in a localized area, minimizing threats to the safety of survivors and the potential destabilization of the surrounding structure. A self-contained tool, CIRT does not require the drilling, chipping, or sawing used by traditional methods to reach survivors trapped under collapsed concrete. It does not require hoses, extension cords, or other auxiliary power equipment for operations.

References 

Rescue equipment
Raytheon Company products
Soviet locomotive class E el. Class E el (Cyrillic script: Ээл) was a Soviet diesel-electric locomotive class built between 1931 and 1941. There were three sub-classes but all were very similar. E el-5 was a prototype built in Germany in 1931. E el-9 was a prototype built in the Russian SFSR in 1932. E el-12 was also built in the RSFSR and went into series production. It had the highly unusual 2-Eo-1 wheel arrangement.

Engine
The prime mover was a six-cylinder four stroke diesel engine.  The E el-5 had a German built MAN engine giving  at 450 rpm. The E el 12 had a Soviet built engine, based on the German design, giving   at 425 rpm. It is uncertain which engine was used in the E el-9.

Electrical equipment
There were five 140 kW Brown Boveri traction motors, connected in parallel. Innovations in the E el-5 included forced ventilation for the traction motors, field weakening for high speed running and rheostatic braking. The rheostatic braking was excluded from the Soviet built locomotives, to save weight, but they still weighed several tons more than the E el-5.

Disposal
None of the class is known to have been preserved.

References

Railway locomotives introduced in 1931
E el
5 ft gauge locomotives
Soaring Concepts Sky Trek. The Soaring Concepts Sky Trek is an American powered parachute, designed and produced by Soaring Concepts Inc of Sturgis, Michigan and introduced in 2000. The aircraft is supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft or as a kit for amateur construction.

Design and development
The Sky Trek was designed to comply with the US light-sport aircraft rules and is on the list of Federal Aviation Administration accepted LSAs. It features a  parachute-style wing, two-seats-in-tandem accommodation, tricycle landing gear and a single  Rotax 582 engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft carriage is built from large-diameter 4130 steel tubing. In flight steering is accomplished via foot pedals that actuate the canopy brakes, creating roll and yaw. On the ground the aircraft has lever-controlled nosewheel steering. The main landing gear incorporates adjustable gas shock suspension.

The aircraft has an empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload for crew and baggage is .

The standard day, sea level, no wind, take off with a  engine is  and the landing roll is .

Operational history
In August 2015, 24 examples were registered in the United States with the Federal Aviation Administration, although a total of 25 had been registered at one time.

Specifications (Sky Trek)

References

External links

Sky Trek
2000s United States sport aircraft
2000s United States ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Powered parachutes
Soviet locomotive class E el-8. Class E el-8 (Cyrillic script: Ээл8) was a Soviet diesel-electric locomotive built by Krupp in 1933 with engines by Sulzer and electrical equipment by Secheron.

Powertrain
There were two Sulzer 8LV31 straight-eight engines placed side by side with a gangway between them. This arrangement had been patented by Eugen Zbinden and Sulzer, patent US1632209 of 1927. Each engine delivered 750 hp (continuous rating) making a total of 1,500 hp. Electrical equipment was by Secheron of Geneva and total power of the traction motors was 1,200 hp.

Service
No details of the locomotive in service are available.  It is not known to have been preserved.

References

Railway locomotives introduced in 1933
E el-8
5 ft gauge locomotives