omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Nikon D5300. The Nikon D5300 is an F-mount DSLR with a  carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer body and other new technologies, announced by Nikon on October 17, 2013. It is a mid-range camera with a crop sensor and requires a minimum camera 8.3 raw plugin for Photoshop to process its .NEF files. 

It features the Expeed 4 processor and is the company's first DSLR with built-in Wi-Fi and GPS. It shares the same 24-megapixel image sensor as its D5200 predecessor, but without an anti-aliasing (AA) filter, equal to the Nikon D7100. MSRP for the body is $800, and $1,400 with an 18–140mm f/3.5-5.6 kit lens. The camera replaces the D5200 and is replaced by the Nikon D5500.

This model of camera was involved in the RAF Voyager, ZZ333 incident on the 9th February 2014.

Features 

Expeed 4 with lower power consumption; extended battery life to 600 shots
Full HD video 1080p with auto focus also in uncompressed video (clean HDMI at 60p,30p,24p only) format. Nikon's first DSLR with 60p/50p framerate at full HD resolution (several previous Nikon bodies supported 60p/50p, but only at 720p)
 Assisted GPS built-in ("A-GPS" Almanac files downloadable from Nikon)
 WLAN (Wi-Fi) built-in
 Automatic correction of lateral chromatic aberration for JPEGs. Correction-data is additionally stored in raw files and used by Nikon Capture NX, View NX and some other raw tools.
No Anti-aliasing (AA) filter
New pentamirror with 0.82x magnification and 95% frame coverage
 Nine special effects
 Active D-Lighting (four-level and auto).
 Bracketing (exposure, Active D-Lighting and white-balance).
 In-camera HDR mode.
 Inbuilt time-lapse photography intervalometer
 Quiet shooting mode.
 Built-in sensor cleaning system (achieved by vibrating sensor) and airflow control system.
 HDMI HD video output.
 Enhanced built-in raw processing with extended Retouch menu for image processing without using a computer: D-Lighting, Red-eye reduction, Trimming, Monochrome & filter effects, colour balance, Image overlay, NEF (raw) processing, Quick retouch, Straighten, Distortion control, Fisheye, color outline, color sketch, Perspective control, Miniature effect, Selective color, Edit movie, Side-by-side comparison.
 Stereo microphone input (has stereo built-in mic)
 articulated 1073k-dot vari-angle LCD.
EN-EL14 or EN-EL14A Lithium-ion Battery.
Slightly smaller and lighter body (480 g) than its predecessor

Like Nikon's other consumer level DSLRs, the D5300 has no in-body auto focus motor, and fully automatic auto focus requires one of the currently 166 lenses with an integrated auto focus motor. With any other lenses the camera's electronic rangefinder (which indicates if the subject inside the selected focus point is in focus or not) can be used to manually adjust focus.

The D5300 can mount unmodified A-lenses (also called Non-AI, Pre-AI or F-type) with support of the electronic rangefinder and without metering.

See also 
 Nikon D5500
 List of Nikon F-mount lenses with integrated auto focus motors

References

External links 

 Nikon D5300 Product Page at Nikon Global
 Nikon D5300 Manual:  Nikon

D5300
D5300
Live-preview digital cameras
Cameras introduced in 2013
Končar – Engineering. Končar – Engineering Ltd. for production and services (in Croatian: Končar – Inženjering d.o.o. za proizvodnju i usluge; abbreviated name KONČAR - KET) is a limited liability company based in Zagreb. Since its foundation in 1991, company has established itself as a respectable engineering company whose core activity is the construction and reconstruction of complex buildings and plants on a "turnkey" basis in the power industry, railway infrastructure, and automation and management.

Products and services

Construction and revitalization of Hydro Power Plants
Electrical substation;
Plants and equipment intended for Thermal power station;
Railway Infrastructure
Automation and control

Organisation charter

Electric power (Hydroelectric and thermal power plants, Transformer stations, Dispatch centers)
Renewable energy sources (Solar power plants, Small hydropower plants, Cogeneration plants, Wind power plants)
Railway infrastructure (Electric traction plants, signaling and safety systems)
Automation and control (Automation, regulation, control and protection, Remote control systems, Electronic monitoring and telecommunications)

References, buyers and export countries

The Company has been continuously present on the global market with:
More than 100 hydro power plants, 50 thermal power plants and 100 diesel power plants in the world
More than 300 transformer substations of 72.5 to 420 kV
More than 3000 distribution transformer substations of up to 38 kV of various types
More than 40 electric traction substations of 25 kV (50 Hz) and more than 40 sectionalising plants of 25 kV (50 Hz)
Several reactive power compensation plants 25 kV, 1ph
14 micro-computer controlled level crossings
More than 100 remote control systems
More than 120 water pumping stations in Egypt, Iraq and Algeria
Several industrial power generation plants
More than 1000 vessels equipped with electrical equipment and complete electrical plants 

Largest domestic buyers:
HEP (CROATIAN POWER AUTHORITY), ZET (ZAGREB ELECTRIC TRAMCAR)
HŽ (CROATIAN RAILWAYS), INA (CROATIAN OIL INDUSTRY), HAC (CROATIAN MOTORWAYS)

Recent exporting countries: 
Albania, Austria, Bosnia And Herzegovina, Canada, Colombia, Costa Rica, Egypt, France, Greece, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, India, Iraq, Kenya, Macedonia, Netherlands, Nigeria, Peru, Romania, Rwanda, Slovenia, Serbia, Sweden, Turkey, Zambia.

References

Engineering companies of Croatia
Manufacturing companies based in Zagreb
Bach Super Transport. The Bach "Super Transport" was a design for a four-engined transport aircraft that was never built.

Design and development
The Bach Aircraft Company was founded by L. Morton Bach in 1927. Following in the footsteps of Fokker with the Fokker F.VII Trimotor, and the metal Ford Trimotor, the Bach Air Yacht was developed as a commercial trimotor transport. In 1928, Bach filed a patent for a four-engined design. The aircraft was similar to the trimotor as a metal-covered, strut-braced biplane, with conventional landing gear. It also featured semi-circular windows like the Stout 2-AT Pullman. The aircraft design featured an unusual modification of the trimotor arrangement with two nose-mounted engines stacked above each other with cockpit windows between them. The fuselage carried a double-decker seating arrangement. The Bach company was reorganized and dissolved during the Great Depression without any examples built.

Specifications (Super Transport estimated)

See also

References

 
1920s United States airliners
Biplanes
Four-engined tractor aircraft
Four-engined piston aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Double-deck aircraft
Abandoned civil aircraft projects of the United States
Miller-Bohannon JM-2 Special. The Miller-Bohannon JM-2 Special, named Pushy Galore, is a one-of-a-kind American homebuilt Formula One racing and record-setting aircraft. It was based upon Jim W Miller's Miller JM-2 design, highly modified by Bruce Bohannon.

Design and development
Bohannon began construction of Pushy Galore in 1988 and first flew it in the early part of 1989, first entering it in a race in June 1989.

The aircraft is of three-surface configuration, having a cantilever mid-wing, a single-seat enclosed cockpit under a bubble canopy, fixed main tricycle landing gear with a retractable nose wheel, a t-tail and a nose-mounted canard. It is powered by a single rear-mounted engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft is made from welded steel tubing covered in molded carbon fiber. As required by the Formula One rules, its engine is a  Continental O-200A.

Only one example was ever built.

Operational history
Bohannon entered the aircraft in the Reno Air Races in 1994, qualifying in third place in the Formula One class, with a speed of .

In 1995 Bohannon flew the aircraft to second place in the Formula One Gold championship race at Reno, Nevada.

Bohannon also used the aircraft to set world time-to-climb records in the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI) C-1.A class. At AirVenture 1994 Bohannon set a new world time-to-climb record, climbing to  in 12 minutes and 50 seconds. In January 1996, Bohannon climbed the aircraft to  in 41 minutes and 35 seconds, setting class world time-to-climb, absolute altitude and altitude in horizontal flight records. In July 1996 at AirVenture in Oshkosh, Bohannon set a third FAI class time-to-climb record of  in three minutes and eight seconds.

After the climb records were set in 1996, Bohannon retired the aircraft and in 1998 donated it to the AirVenture Museum. Bohannon later went on to set many more time-to-climb records in his successor to Pushy Galore, the Bohannon B-1.

Aircraft on display
AirVenture Museum – The sole example built was donated to the museum in 1998.

Specifications (JM-2 Special Pushy Galore)

References

1980s United States sport aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Mid-wing aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Racing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1989
T-tail aircraft
Aircraft with tricycle landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
JM-2
List of failed and overbudget custom software projects. This is a list of notable custom software projects which have significantly failed to achieve some or all of their objectives, either temporarily or permanently, and/or have suffered from significant cost overruns.

Note that failed projects, and projects running over budget, are not necessarily the sole fault of the employees or businesses creating the software. In some cases, problems may be due partly to problems with the purchasing organisation, including poor requirements, over-ambitious requirements, unnecessary requirements, poor contract drafting, poor contract management, poor end-user training, or poor operational management.

Permanent failures 
Because software, unlike a major civil engineering construction project, is often easy and cheap to change after it has been constructed, a piece of custom software that fails to deliver on its objectives may sometimes be modified over time in such a way that it later succeeds—and/or business processes or end-user mindsets may change to accommodate the software. However, sometimes, for various reasons, neither approach succeeds (or is even tried), and this may be considered as another level of failure—a permanent failure.

Temporary issues and budget overruns

Projects with ongoing problems 
Until the significant problems with these projects are resolved, or the projects cancelled, it is not yet possible to classify them into one of the above categories.

See also
 Software crisis
 Vaporware
 Agile software development
 Government waste

References

External links
 The Risks Digest
 
 Best Practices and Measures for Success of your ERP IT Software Projects

Failed and overbudget custom
 
Failed and overbudget custom software projects
Frecency. In computing, frecency is any heuristic that combines the frequency and recency into a single measure.

Heuristic
In its simplest form, the frequency and recency rating can be added to form a frecency rating. The ratings can be found by sorting items by most recent and most frequent respectively. A decayed calculation using logarithms can also be used.

Examples 
Some web browsers use frecency to predict the likelihood of revisiting a given web page or reusing a given HTTP cache entry

"Frecency is a score given to each unique URI in Places, encompassing bookmarks, history and tags. This score is determined by the amount of revisitation, the type of those visits, how recent they were, and whether the URI was bookmarked or tagged."

Frecency can be computed from a list of use dates, either as pro-actively while a user browses the web or as needed. Some frecency measures can also be computed in a rolling manner without storing such a list.

The ZFS filesystem uses this concept in its adaptive replacement cache (ARC) cache with a most recently used (MRU) and most frequently used (MFU) list.

References

Heuristics
Measurement
Web browsers
Internet terminology

External links
 Frecency implementation in Firefox
Émile Metz. Émile Metz (23 February 1835 - 13 February 1904) was a Luxembourgish politician, industrialist and engineer. He was the eldest son of Norbert Metz.

Born in Eich in 1835, he studied engineering in Paris, then proceeded to work for Waring Brothers, who built railway lines.

After this, he started working in his father's business, Metz & Cie. At the suggestion of Jean Meyer, who was head of research at Metz & Cie, Émile Metz managed to convince his father to buy the rights to the Thomas-Gilchrist procedure for dephosophorising Minette (low-quality iron ore found in the south of Luxembourg).

Émile Metz became manager of the Dudelange foundry, the S.A. des Hauts Fournaux et Forges de Dudelange, which was established in 1881 to produce steel exclusively using the new method. In 1885, after his father's death, Metz became manager of the Société Metz & Cie.

Metz was also active in politics: from 1874 to 1888 he was mayor of the commune of Eich, and from 1885 to 1899 he represented the canton of Capellen in the Chamber of Deputies.

In 1895 after his cousin Edouard Metz's death, he became president of the chamber of commerce. This he remained until 1904.

In 1896, he had a villa built for himself, which today houses the Russian Embassy in Luxembourg.

Émile Metz died in 1904 in Heidelberg. He married Edmée Tesch, the daughter of Victor Tesch, an associate of his father. After his death, his widow established a foundation, which created the Institut Emile Metz in 1913, now the Lycée technique privé Émile-Metz. In its courtyard is a monument giving thanks to "Madame Émile Metz-Tesch".

External links
 Biographie nationale du pays de Luxembourg (French)
 Lycée technique privé Émile-Metz

Luxembourgian businesspeople
Luxembourgian engineers
Mayors of places in Luxembourg
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Luxembourg)
1835 births
1904 deaths
IPK Acrylic-polyvinyl chloride. IPK Acrylic-polyvinyl chloride (IPK, IPK Acrylic PVC, IPK Thermoformable Sheet, IPK Kydex) is a line of thermoplastic acrylic-polyvinyl chloride composite material. It has a chemical structure similar to Kydex with an acrylic-polyvinyl chloride substrate and white cap for screen printing onto the material.

Kydex sheet was originally produced in 1965 by Rohm and Haas, having been designed for use in aircraft interiors. In recent years, Kydex has gained a hobbyist following for a wide variety of applications, including firearm holsters and sheaths for knives.

IPK Acrylic-polyvinyl chloride was developed by Interstate Plastics in 2012 and sold under the registered trademark IPK. Interstate Plastics claims the material offers an alternative to thermoformable plastic sheets while providing a printable surface for custom designs and patterns.  Most vinyl sign print shops are able to print custom designs or patterns onto the material. IPK is currently the only thermoforming sheet on the market sold with a printable cap.

Characteristics
IPK is an acrylic-polyvinyl chloride composite engineered for thermoforming applications, combining properties of both acrylic and polyvinyl chloride plastics. Acrylic adds rigidity and formability, while polyvinyl chloride, more commonly known as PVC, adds toughness and chemical resistance. Standard sheet thickness is .080 and IPK Acrylic-polyvinyl chloride can be thermoformed, post formed, brake formed and laminated.

Applications 

Applications range from gun holsters, knife sheaths, and medical equipment housings to aircraft trays, tables, and fixtures. IPK is very easy to clean: tough stains, scuffs, and graffiti can be removed with no staining or surface damage to the material. IPK is commonly used for thermoforming custom sized knife sheaths, gun holsters, and cell phone/tablet covers.

Common application 

IPK is primarily used by hobbyists in thermoforming firearm holsters and sheaths for knives. The printable surface allows for custom printed patterns, allowing added customization for gun and knife enthusiasts.

 Firearm holsters
 Knife sheaths
 Equipment housings 
 Instrument consoles 
 Springs and tensioners

Leather substitute 

In many applications, especially in holster and sheath applications, IPK is used as replacement for leather. The texture of IPK is more rigid than leather, and similar in touch. IPK thermoformable sheet in comparable to leather with the following properties:

 Waterproof
 Scratch resistant (Rockwell "R" hardness of 90+)
 Rigid and holds shape 
 Does not stretch or shrink under normal conditions
 Low friction

Other applications 

IPK can be used as a substitute in place of Kydex in the following applications:

 Truck cargo liners 
 Lavatory pans 
 Door liners 
 Kick plates 
 Seat backs 
 Aircraft pull-down trays 
 Truck fenders 
 Trays and tote boxes 
 Motor covers 
 Safety helmets 
 Aircraft fairings
 Air exhaust systems
 Rapid prototyping of systems
 Custom insulators for electronic equipment
 Clean rooms 
 Telescope tubes

References

Thermoplastics
Ruhrstahl X-7. Ruhrstahl X-7 "Rotkäppchen" () also known as Kramer X-7 or Ruhrstahl-Kramer RK 347 was a German wire-guided anti-tank guided missile (now referred to as MCLOS) developed during World War II by Ruhrstahl AG in 1943, after the Waffenamt (Army Ordnance Board) placed an urgent order for anti-tank missiles, this project was under the leadership of Dipl.-Ing. Max Otto Kramer. It was essentially a smaller version of the X-4, but was powered by solid-propellant rocket.

History 
Since the German anti-tank weapons such as the Panzerfaust and the Panzerschreck were only effective at very short distances, the search was for a weapon that was also effective at longer distances to destroy armored vehicles. In 1943, the Ruhrstahl company received the order from the Waffenamt to develop the X-7. Ruhrstahl's development was based heavily on the air-to-air missile Ruhrstahl X-4, which had already been successfully tested at the time.

The X-7 was powered by two solid-propellant rocket, with the first stage producing 68 kp of thrust, launching the rocket and bringing it to speed. The second stage produced a continuous thrust of 5.5 kp over eight seconds and was intended to bring the missile with the 2.5 kg hollow charge to the target. The maximum range of the X-7 was approximately 1,200 m. On September 21, 1944, seven X-7s were launched for test purposes at the Sennelager Training Area. The testing was to be completed in 1945 and mass production was planned at Ruhrstahl in the Brackwede plant and in the Neubrandenburg Mechanical Works. A few hundred X-7s were produced, most of which were used for testing. A few examples may have been used on the Eastern Front in the last months of the war in 1945. The X-7 pioneered the further development of anti-tank guided weapons after World War II.

France produced a further developed and improved version of the X-7 in 1955 with the SS.10, the development of which in turn significantly influenced the following and better-known SS.11.

Specifications 

 Type: anti-tank missile
 Guidance system: wire-guided
 Length: 0.95 m
 Wingspan: 0.60 m
 Diameter: 0.15 m
 Engine: 2× WASAG 109-506 solid rocket fuel engine
 Maximum speed: 360 km/h
 Range: 1,2 km
 Warhead: 2.5 kg
 Fuse: impact fuse
 Operators: Luftwaffe

Bibliography 

 Roger Ford: Germany's Secret Weapons of World War II. Nebula, .
 Josef Stemmer: Raketenantriebe (Rocket engines). Swiss printing and publishing house AG. Zurich, 1952.

External links 

 The X-7 Rotkäppchen at the Nevington War Museum.

Anti-tank guided missiles
Wire-guided missiles
Surface-to-surface missiles
LASCAD. On 26 October 1992 the London Ambulance Service started to use a new computer-assisted dispatch (CAD) system, known as LASCAD. Poorly designed and implemented, its introduction led to significant delays in the assigning of ambulances - before the system eventually crashed, with anecdotal reports of 11-hour waits. Media reports at the time claimed that up to 30 people may have died as a result of the chaos, despite a lack of evidence. The then-chief executive, John Wilby, resigned shortly afterwards. This failure is often cited in case studies of poor engineering management.

See also 

 List of failed and overbudget custom software projects
 Software crisis

References

Further reading 
 

Custom software projects
SOUD. SOUD, standing for System of Joint Acquisition of Enemy Data was a computerized intelligence exchange system where information acquired by the intelligence and security agencies from participating Warsaw pact countries was stored.

The intelligence exchange organization was founded in 1977, and its initial goal was to safeguard the USSR from 'foreign threats' during the 1980 Olympics in Moscow. 
Stasi engineers conceived the system using stolen Western technology, and it was operational in 1979. Its main computer was based in Moscow, the input language was Russian and the USSR had control over access to the system. Nevertheless, the Stasi was the foremost contributor of the intelligence exchange system, with around a quarter of the entries submitted, followed only by the KGB. Other members of SOUD were Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Mongolia and Cuba. They were later joined by Vietnam.

Because of the boycott of the Summer Olympics of 1980, most of the potential threats did not materialise, but the system remained operational. Its databases include names of agents, zionists, hostile religious organisations, organisations of emigrants, journalists, diplomats, cultural and commercial attachés, representatives of airlines, etc. etc. Information found in Stasi documents reveals that in 1989 more than 11,100 names were collected. Most of them included a personal description, the maiden name of the mother and a sample of the handwriting. A query could be handled in less than four hours time.

Notes

References 

Soviet computer systems
Science and technology in the Soviet Union
Stasi
KGB
Telecommunications equipment of the Cold War
Communications in the Soviet Union
Warsaw Pact
Iron tetraboride. Iron tetraboride (FeB4) is a superhard superconductor (Tc < 3K) consisting of iron and boron.  Iron tetraboride does not occur in nature and can be created synthetically. Its molecular structure was predicted using computer models.

See also
 Binghamton University
 European Synchrotron Radiation Facility

References

External links
First fully computer-designed superconductor
First computer-designed superconductor created
Scientists create first computer-designed superconductor
X-rays reveal the first designer superconductor
Viewpoint: Materials Prediction Scores a Hit

Borides
Iron compounds
Superconductors
Superhard materials