omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Suranga Nanayakkara. Suranga Nanayakkara (born 1981) is a Sri Lankan born computer scientist and inventor. , he is the director of Augmented Human Lab and associate professor at the National University of Singapore. Before moving to Auckland in 2018, he was an assistant professor at Singapore University of Technology and Design. He is best known for his work on FingerReader
and Haptic Chair. His research interests include Wearable Computing, Assistive Technology, Ubiquitous computing, AI,  Collective intelligence and Robotics. MIT Technology Review honored Nanayakkara as one of the Innovators Under 35 for Asia Pacific Region 2014.

Education and research 

Suranga is from Piliyandala, in Colombo District, Sri Lanka. Having received his secondary education from Royal College, Colombo,
he completed bachelor's degree in electrical and computer engineering from the National University of Singapore in Singapore. He holds a PhD in Engineering from  National University of Singapore. Suranga spent half a year at University of Birmingham and  half a year at University of Southern California under student exchange program. Later he was a postdoctoral researcher with Pattie Maes's Fluid Interfaces Group at  MIT Media Lab.

Career 

 Since 2011, he has been directing the Augmented Human Lab.
 In 2018, he was invited to join University of Auckland as the first appointee of New Zealand Government's strategic entrepreneurial universities scheme 
 He joined Singapore University of Technology and Design as an Assistant Professor in 2011

Inventions 

Suranga is best known for his work 
EyeRing - A finger-worn interface for seamless interactions
 
Haptic Chair - Audio visual system to provide a more satisfying musical experience to deaf people 
and StickEars – a sound-based sticky note like device to make everyday objects more accessible.
Among some of his other work, Suranga has invented  SPARSH – a way to copy-paste data between digital devices; FingerDraw - way to extract colours and textures from nature and bring them into digital drawings.

Awards and achievements 

 INK Fellow, 2016, by INK
 Ten Outstanding Young Persons (TOYP), Sri Lanka award 2015, by JCI Sri Lanka 
 Young Innovator under 35 (MIT TR35) 2014 award, Asia Pacific region.
 Finalist, Singapore Challenge, Global Young Scientist Summit (GYSS’14).
 Interactive installation, iSwarm, selected for i Light Singapore 2014 Light show

References

External links 

Documentary about Suranga in a Global Vision TV, Japan
Suranga Nanayakkara's work on Yahoo News
Creating the next generation of innovators
Suranga Nanayakkara at TR35 Singapore

Human–computer interaction researchers
Sri Lankan computer scientists
National University of Singapore alumni
1981 births
Augmented reality
Sri Lankan emigrants to Singapore
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Living people
MIT Media Lab people
Amax Eagle TT. The Amax Eagle TT is an Australian autogyro that was designed and produced by Amax Engineering of Donvale, Victoria, introduced in the 1990s. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

The "TT" designation indicates "Tall Tail". The aircraft has higher landing gear, allowing the engine to be placed on the vertical center of gravity, which eliminates pitch changes with throttle application.

Design and development
The Eagle TT was derived from the low-landing gear equipped Amax Eagle and was designed to comply with amateur-built aircraft rules. It features a single main rotor, a single-seat open cockpit without a windshield, tricycle landing gear without wheel pants and a four-cylinder, liquid-cooled, four-stroke, single-ignition  Subaru EA81 automotive engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft fuselage is made from welded 4130 steel tubing with some aluminum parts. Its two-bladed rotor has a diameter of  . The aircraft has a typical empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload for the pilot and baggage is .

The standard day, sea level, no wind, take off with a  engine is  and the landing roll is .

The manufacturer estimated the construction time from the supplied kit as 100 hours.

Specifications (Eagle TT)

See also
List of rotorcraft

References

Eagle TT
1990s Australian sport aircraft
1990s Australian ultralight aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined pusher autogyros
Amax Eagle. The Amax Eagle is an Australian autogyro that was designed and produced by Amax Engineering of Donvale, Victoria, introduced in the early 1990s. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

Design and development
The Eagle was designed to comply with amateur-built aircraft rules. It features a single main rotor, a single-seat open cockpit without a windshield, tricycle landing gear without wheel pants and a four-cylinder, liquid-cooled, four-stroke, single-ignition  Subaru EA81 automotive engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft fuselage is made from welded 4130 steel tubing with some aluminum parts. Its two-bladed rotor has a diameter of  . The aircraft has a typical empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload for the pilot and baggage is .

The standard day, sea level, no wind, take off with a  engine is  and the landing roll is .

The manufacturer estimated the construction time from the supplied kit as 100 hours.

The Eagle was later developed into the Eagle TT ("Tall Tail"). The Eagle TT has higher landing gear allowing the engine to be placed on the vertical center of gravity which eliminates pitch changes with throttle application.

Operational history
The Eagle won Most Outstanding Design at the 1992 Popular Rotorcraft Association annual convention in Brookville, Ohio, United States.

The design is widely employed in Australia for cattle mustering.

Specifications (Eagle)

See also
List of rotorcraft

References

Eagle
1990s Australian sport aircraft
1990s Australian ultralight aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined pusher autogyros
Charles R. Moore (computer engineer). Charles R. Moore (also known as Chuck Moore) was an American computer engineer noted for his research on computer architecture. He spent much of his career working at IBM, where he was chief engineer and project co-lead for the PowerPC 601 microprocessor.  He then led the POWER4 Chip Architecture project.

Biography
Moore received a B.S. degree in electrical engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1983. He received a M.S. in Electrical Engineering from University of Texas at Austin in 1991.

From 1984 to 2001, Moore worked at IBM Corporation in Austin, Texas, with increasing responsibility and leadership on the design and development of IBM microprocessors, including PowerPC 601, POWER4, and others.  After a stint at Chicory Systems, a startup in the mobile computing space, he returned to University of Texas at Austin as a senior research fellow.  In 2004, he joined Advanced Micro Devices, where he served as chief engineer for the “Bulldozer” processor microarchitecture, and ultimately held the position of corporate fellow. In 2007, Moore gave a plenary talk at the ACM Federated Computing Research Conferences (FCRC). 
In 2008, he gave a keynote address at the IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture.

In 2012, Moore died of pancreatic cancer. and his career was memorialized in an IEEE Micro article

References

1961 births
2012 deaths
IBM employees
Oriented FAST and rotated BRIEF. Oriented FAST and rotated BRIEF (ORB) is a fast robust local feature detector, first presented by Ethan Rublee et al. in 2011, that can be used in computer vision tasks like object recognition or 3D reconstruction. It is based on the FAST keypoint detector and a modified version of the visual descriptor BRIEF (Binary Robust Independent Elementary Features). Its aim is to provide a fast and efficient alternative to SIFT.

See also 
 Scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT)
 Gradient Location and Orientation Histogram
  LESH - Local Energy based Shape Histogram
 Blob detection
 Feature detection (computer vision)

References

External links 
 Tutorial on ORB

Feature detection (computer vision)
Nucleation in microcellular foaming. Nucleation in microcellular plastic is an important stage which decides the final cell size, cell density and cell morphology of the foam. In the recent past, numerous researchers have studied the cell nucleation phenomenon in microcellular polymers.

Studies were performed with ultrasound induced nucleation during microcellular foaming of Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene polymers. M.C.Guo studied nucleation under the shear action. As the shear enhanced, the cell size diminished and thereby increased the cell density in the foam.

Plastics
Foams
Cyclic microcellular foaming. Cyclic microcellular foaming refers to the solid-state Microcellular plastic manufacturing technique in which the polymer is foamed sequentially. The concept was first introduced in a research article in peer-reviewed international journal, Materials Letters on Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene as the base Polymer.

In the right side, the scanning electron images describes the concept of cyclic microcellular foaming. Clearly, it can be seen that with the repeated microcellular foaming, the cell size enhances significantly and simultaneously the cell wall thickness reduces.

Further, in the research article, these cyclic microcellular foamed polymers were exposed to ultrasound excitations due to which the cell walls got ruptured and open cellular microstructure were developed. The further images describe the scanning electron micrographs of the influence of ultrasonic waves on the microcellular morphological attributes. Certainly, it can be clearly observed that the cells become interconnected and porous which opens up a wide new field of research in microcellular polymers.

References

Polymers
EuroTech Universities Alliance. EuroTech Universities Alliance is an alliance of Technical University of Denmark, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Eindhoven University of Technology, and Technical University of Munich. Founded in 2011, it aims to promote collaboration in research, education and innovation between European universities of science and technology. Today, the alliance focuses on five fields: artificial intelligence, additive manufacturing, health and bioengineering, sustainability (including energy, climate, environment, and circular economy), and entrepreneurship and innovation. The current president of the alliance is Robert-Jan Smits (Eindhoven University of Technology).

History 
In 2006, Technical University of Munich and Technical University of Denmark established a strategic collaboration framework to strengthen bottom-up joint activities. Eindhoven University of Technology joined this partnership two years later. When École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne followed in 2011, the EuroTech Universities Alliance was officially founded. École Polytechnique joined the alliance in 2018 and Technion – Israel Institute of Technology in 2019. In 2024, Institut Polytechnique de Paris replaced École Polytechnique as a member. Since 2012, the alliance has had an office in Brussels. From 2014 to 2019, EuroTech Universities published the popular science magazine Technologist.

Strategic projects 
In 2018 and 2020, the alliance launched two large programmes for postdoctoral researchers. Both programmes have been co-funded by the European Commission. In 2020, EuroTech Universities Alliance, together with Czech Technical University in Prague and Tallinn University of Technology launched the EuroTeQ Engineering University, which is part of the European Commission's European Universities Initiative. In 2023, HEC Paris and IESE Business School joined the initiative.

References

External links 
Official website

College and university associations and consortia in Europe
Engineering education
Technology consortia
2011 establishments in Europe
Educational organizations established in 2011
Vehículos Industriales y Agrícolas, S.A. Vehículos Industriales y Agrícolas, S.A. (or VIASA) was a Spanish automobile company, a division of parent company Construcciones y Auxiliares de Ferrocariles (CAF).

History
The company was founded in Zaragoza in the late 1950s to build agricultural equipment and vehicles Willys Overland Jeeps  under license from Kaiser-Willys.  It was one of three companies specializing in the production of commercial vehicles, two of them, ENASA and AISA, were controlled by the Spanish government through the INI. The third was VIASA, a division of parent company Construcciones y Auxiliares de Ferrocariles (CAF) that built railway cars and locomotives. Production began in 1960, and soon local content of all components was achieved. After Hotchkiss stopped building the M201 Jeep under license in 1966, the tooling for it was transferred from France to Viasa in a deal with Thomson-Houston-Hotchkiss-Brandt. Vehicles used Perkins and Barreiros gasoline or diesel engines.

In the early 1960s, VIASA also manufactured FIAT models 211R, 411R, and 421R under license.

In 1963, forward control "SV" versions went on sale offering a range of models with sharp-edged bodies with straight sheet metal design to simplify manufacture. These were completely unique from any other Jeep-based vehicles anywhere in the world. All had the same advanced cockpit in pick-up, van, chassis cab, or duplex passenger cabin. This Spanish design utilized the versatility of the Jeep Forward Control platform with a more basic approach to further enhance the utility of the vehicles. They were available with the Willis Super Hurricane  straight-six producing  and  of torque or a 3.0 L Perkins four-cylinder diesel producing  and  of torque. The Perkins diesel engine allowed them achieve almost  and to cruise at 100 kilometers per hour (approx 60 mph).

In 1968, VIASA merged with Material Móvil y Construcciones S.A. In 1974, it was absorbed by Motor Ibérica and placed under Ebro trucks. In the early eighties the Viasa vehicles disappeared from the Motor Ibérica catalog, to be replaced by the Nissan Vanette and Nissan Patrol.

See also
Jeep CJ

Notes

Truck manufacturers of Spain
Motor vehicle assembly plants in Spain
Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of Spain
History of Zaragoza
Companies of Spain
Spanish companies established in 1960
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1960
Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1974
1974 disestablishments in Spain
Jeep
Nissan
Waste weir. A waste weir on a navigable canal is a slatted gate on each canal level or pound, to remove excess water and to drain the canal for repairs or for the winter shutdown. This differs for a dam or reservoir, for which a waste weir is another name for a spillway, i.e. not having the boards to adjust the water height nor the paddles to drain all the water as on a canal, only to drain the excess.

Uses 

A canal will often need some means to maintain a water level. A canal constantly consumes water due to leakage, evaporation, and the operation of lift locks. Nevertheless, excess water from storms or emptying locks  could cause problems by eroding the banks of a canal, causing washouts, and flooding buildings or adjacent properties. Waste weirs were one of several measures used to remove surplus water. The waste weir also functioned as an opening to drain the entire canal prism of water for repairs, or for winter (to avoid damage from freezing water), or in anticipation of flooding.

In some cases when a creek was used to feed the canal, a waste weir was necessary for excess water from the creek. For instance, on the Morris Canal, the Lopatcong Creek went into the canal to feed it, but it had a tendency to flood, hence the need for a couple of waste weirs in the area around the bottom of Inclined Plane 9 West near Port Warren, New Jersey (near Strykers Road today).

Reservoirs and tanks also use a waste weir for flood discharges.

Design 

The maximum flow output  in cubic meters/sec over the top of the waste weir with a length  and height of water  above the crest can be calculated by the formulas:

and 

where
g=gravitational constant of 
and Cd is the coefficient of discharge over the weir. 

Various values of Cd can be given as follows:

Construction 
Construction methods varied depending on the canal. On the Erie Canal and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, waste weirs were often constructed from masonry or concrete.

Law 
Since a waste weir was part of canal property, it would sometimes be explicitly protected by law. On the Morris Canal, New Jersey Statue 136 section 61 stated that for willfully and maliciously opening the gates of waste weirs the penalty was $25.

Gallery

References

Dams by type
Canals
Type 17. Type 17 may refer to:

F.B.A. Type 17, a training flying boat produced in France in the 1920s
Shansi Type 17, a Chinese made version of the Mauser C96
Bugatti Type 17, a Bugatti car
Bristol Type 17, a British two-seat biplane fighter and reconnaissance aircraft
Nieuport Type 17, a French biplane fighter aircraft of World War I
Polikarpov I-16 Type 17, a Soviet fighter aircraft of revolutionary design
Albatros B.II Type 17, an unarmed German two-seat reconnaissance biplane
type-17,  thread-cutting tip for screws and augers

See also

 
 Type (disambiguation)
 T17 (disambiguation)
 17 (disambiguation)
 Class 17 (disambiguation)
 Model 17 (disambiguation)
Conversion reactor. In futurology and science fiction stories, a conversion reactor is any artificial device or process which can result in higher or complete conversion of matter into energy, or vice versa in some proportion of E = mc2.

Energy to matter conversion
Positron and electron production: For photons at high-energy (MeV scale and higher), photon–photon collisions can efficiently convert the photon energy into matter in the form of a positron and an electron:

 +  →   + 

Proton and antiproton production: Conventional matter consists of protons and electrons, with electrons having insignificant mass compared to protons. One conventional model for producing protons from energy is extremely high-energy cosmic ray protons colliding with nuclei in the interstellar medium, via the reaction:  +  A →  +  +  + A.  (A represents an atom, p a proton, and  an antiproton.) A portion of the kinetic energy of the initial proton is used to create two additional nuclei: another proton plus an antiproton.

Matter to energy conversion
Conventional nuclear reactions such as nuclear fission and nuclear fusion convert relatively small amounts of matter only indirectly into useful energy, such as electricity or rocket thrust. For electricity production released nuclear energy in the form of heat is typically used to boil water to turn a turbine-generator.

Possibly matter is almost completely converted into energy in the cores of neutron stars and black holes by a process of nuclei collapse resulting in: proton → positron + 938 MeV, resulting in a  >450 MeV positron-electron jet. Trace nuclei swept up in such a beam would achieve an approximate energy of (nucleus mass/electron mass) × 450 MeV, for example an iron atom could achieve about 45 TeV. An up to 45 TeV atom impacting a proton in the interstellar medium should result in the p + A process described above.

Ion-electron or positron-electron plasma with magnetic confinement theoretically allows direct conversion of particle energy to electricity by the separation of the positive particles from the negative particles with magnetic deflection. Direct conversion of particle energy to thrust is theoretically simpler, merely requiring magnetically directing a neutral plasma beam. Present lab production of relativistic 5 MeV positron-electron beams mimic on a small scale the relativistic jets from compact stars, and allow small scale studies how different elements interact with 5 MeV positron-electron beams, how energy is transferred to particles, the shock effect of gamma-ray bursts, and possible direct thrust and electricity generation from neutral plasmas. Lab positron-electron plasmas could be useful for studying compact star jets and other phenomena. However thrust generation or magnetically separating neutral beams for electrical generation will probably only be useful if there is a practical continuous process for generating neutral plasma by nuclear reactions.

See also
 Annihilation
 Antimatter
 Conservation laws
 Matter creation
 Pair production
 Post-scarcity
 Replicator (Star Trek)
 Sphaleron

References

Science fiction themes
Fictional technology
Shri Pillappa College of Engineering. Shri Pillappa College of Engineering is an engineering college in north Bangalore, Karnataka, India. It is affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University in Belgaum, and has the approval of the All India Council for Technical Education. It offers courses in mechanical engineering, civil engineering, electronics and communication engineering, computer science engineering and information science.

Academic profile 
All the engineering departments and the school of architecture are accredited by the AICTE. Students are joined to postgraduate courses based on their Common Entrance Test scores.

Courses offered 
 Mechanical engineering
 Civil engineering
 Electronics and communication engineering
 Computer science and engineering
 Information science and engineering

Gallery

See also 

 List of engineering colleges affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University
 Visvesvaraya Institute of Advanced Technology

References

External links 

 

Engineering colleges in Bengaluru
Affiliates of Visvesvaraya Technological University
2012 establishments in Karnataka
Educational institutions established in 2012
Tim Bell (computer scientist). Timothy Clinton Bell  is a New Zealand computer scientist, with interests in computer science education, computer music and text compression. In 2017, it was announced by SIGCSE that Bell would receive the 2018 award for 'Outstanding Contribution to Computer Science Education'.

Education
Bell was educated at Nelson College from 1975 to 1979. He completed his PhD at the University of Canterbury, with a thesis titled A unifying theory and improvements for existing approaches to text compression.

Career and research
Bell joined the staff and rose to professor and head of department. In parallel with his academic work he has developed Computer Science Unplugged, a system of activities for teaching computer science without computers. The system was actively promoted by Google in 2007.

In the 2024 New Year Honours, Bell was appointed a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to computer science education.

Selected works 
 Witten, Ian H., Alistair Moffat, Timothy C. Bell, Managing gigabytes: compressing and indexing documents and images. Morgan Kaufmann, 1999.
 Bell, Timothy C., John G. Cleary, and Ian H. Witten. Text compression. Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1990.
 Witten, Ian H., and Timothy C. Bell. "The zero-frequency problem: Estimating the probabilities of novel events in adaptive text compression." IEEE transactions on information theory 37, no. 4 (1991): 1085–1094.
 Ian H. Witten, Alistair Moffat, and Timothy C. Bell. Managing gigabytes: compressing and indexing documents and images. Morgan Kaufmann, 1999.
 Bell, Timothy, Ian H. Witten, and John G. Cleary. "Modeling for text compression." ACM Computing Surveys 21, no. 4 (1989): 557–591.

References

Living people
New Zealand computer scientists
University of Canterbury alumni
Academic staff of the University of Canterbury
People educated at Nelson College
Year of birth missing (living people)
Companions of the New Zealand Order of Merit