omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
List of British computers. Computers designed or built in Britain include:

Acorn Computers
Acorn Eurocard systems
Acorn System 1
Acorn Atom
BBC Micro
Acorn Electron
BBC Master
Acorn Archimedes
RiscPC
Acorn Network Computer
Amstrad
Amstrad CPC
Amstrad PCW
Amstrad NC100
PC1512
PPC 512 and 640
Amstrad PC2286
Amstrad Mega PC
Apricot Computers
Apricot PC
Apricot Portable
Apricot Picobook Pro
Bear Microcomputer Systems
Newbear 77-68
Bywood Electronics
SCRUMPI 2 
SCRUMPI 3 
Cambridge Computer
Cambridge Z88
Camputers Lynx
CAP computer
Commodore Amiga 600 (A600) - Assembled in a former Timex factory in Scotland.
Commodore Amiga 1200 (A1200) -  Assembled in a former Timex factory in Scotland.
Compukit UK101
Dragon 32/64
Elliott Brothers (computer company)
Enterprise (computer)
Ferranti MRT
Flex machine
Gemini Computers
Gemini Galaxy
Gemini Challenger
GEC
GEC 2050
GEC 4000 series
GEC Series 63
Grundy NewBrain
ICL
ICL 2900 Series
ICL Series 39
One Per Desk
Jupiter Ace
Memotech MTX
Nascom
Nascom 1
Nascom 2
Plessey System 250
Raspberry Pi
Research Machines
Research Machines 380Z
LINK 480Z
RM Nimbus
SAM Coupé
Sinclair Research
MK14  (trading as Science of Cambridge)
ZX80
ZX81
ZX Spectrum
Sinclair QL
Systime Computers Ltd
Systime 1000, 3000, 5000, 8750, 8780
Systime Series 2, Series 3
Tangerine Computer Systems
Tangerine Microtan 65
Oric-1
Oric Atmos
Tatung Einstein
Torch Computers
Triple X workstation
Transam
Triton
Tuscan

Mechanical computers
Difference engine
Analytical Engine
Bombe

Early British computers
AEI 1010
APEXC
Atlas (computer)
Automatic Computing Engine
Colossus computer
CTL Modular One
Digico Micro 16
EDSAC
EDSAC 2
Elliott Brothers (computer company)
Elliott 152
Elliott 503
Elliott 803
Elliott 4100 Series
EMIDEC 1100
English Electric
English Electric DEUCE
English Electric KDF8
English Electric KDF9
English Electric KDP10 
English Electric System 4
Ferranti
Ferranti Argus
Ferranti Mark 1, or Manchester Electronic Computer
Ferranti Mercury
Ferranti Orion
Ferranti Pegasus
Ferranti Perseus
Ferranti Sirius
Nimrod (computer)
Harwell computer
Harwell CADET
Hollerith Electronic Computer
ICS Multum
ICT
ICT 1301
ICT 1900 series
LEO (computer)
Luton Analogue Computing Engine
Manchester computers
Manchester Mark 1
Manchester Baby
Marconi
Marconi Transistorised Automatic Computer (T.A.C.)
Marconi Myriad
Metrovick 950
 MOSAIC
Pilot ACE
Royal Radar Establishment Automatic Computer
SOLIDAC

ICL mainframe computers

References

Computer
Early British computers
British
Computers designed in the United Kingdom
Ecoleasing. Ecoleasing is a system in which goods (mainly from the technical cycle, i.e. appliances, ...) are rented to a client for a certain period of time after which he returns the goods so the company that made it can recycle the materials.

Terminology
The term ecoleasing has been used by William McDonough and Michael Braungart in their book Cradle_to_Cradle: Remaking the Way We Make Things. It is used to distinct itself from regular leasing in that:

 the operation is similar to regular purchasing of goods, so not requiring a contract to be made up as with leasing
 it is done with appliances and other products used for the household, rather than with land or very expensive products (cars, ...)
 the period of time the product is rented would be about the same as the lifespan of the product, so it can only be rented once before it is taken back by the company to recover the materials (and to create another product with it)

Examples
An example of ecoleasing is a lease of a TV set. In this case, a consumer signs a contract with the TV manufacturer. According to the contract, the consumer has a right to use the TV for e.g. 15,000 hours. After this period he returns the TV to the company, which then recycles it. Ecoleasing is usually done with appliances and other relatively cheap household products. It is hardly ever used for land, real estate, and expensive products.

Advantages
 Since materials are reclaimed, fewer or no materials end up in landfills, or require other forms of waste disposal. As such, it is quite environmental.
 Materials are recovered by which the company can make new products, so the material costs for this new product are much lower for the company.
 Since new products can be made at a lower expense, the sale price of these products can also be comparatively lower than similar products made by the competition (if they use a system of purchasing the goods)

References

See also
Car leasing: use in circular economy

Industrial ecology
Environmental design
Business terms
Business law
Supply chain management
Systems engineering
Producers Produce Company Plant. Producers Produce Company Plant is a historic manufacturing complex located at Springfield, Greene County, Missouri. The original sections were built about 1920, and expanded through 1980. The complex consists of nine two- and three-story red brick buildings that housed a wholesale poultry packing and egg factory.  They include the Poultry Storage building, Office and Packing Plant, Egg Preparation Department, Egg Drying Building, Packing Plant, two Cold Storage Buildings, Engine Room, and Freight Station.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.

References

Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Missouri
Industrial buildings completed in 1920
Buildings and structures in Springfield, Missouri
National Register of Historic Places in Greene County, Missouri
Poultry companies
1920 establishments in Missouri
Plant-based digital data storage. Plant-based digital data storage is a futuristic view that proposes storing digital data in plants and seeds. The first practical implication showed the possibility of using plants as storage media for digital data. New approaches for data archiving are required due to the constant increase in digital data production and the lack of a capacitive, low maintenance storage medium.

Initial experiments
With the help of two biotechnologists, they encoded a basic computer program in Python Programming language into Nicotiana benthamiana. 
They first encoded a “Hello World” computer program into a DNA code, synthesized it and cloned this coded DNA into a plasmid-vector to be used further for transformation into Nicotiana benthamiana plants. The encoded program was reconstructed from the resulting seedlings with 100% accuracy by showing “Hello World” on the computer screen. 
Their approach demonstrated that artificially encoded data can be stored and multiplied within plants without affecting their vigor and fertility. It also takes a step forward from storing data into a naked DNA molecule. 
It is inherent in progeny and authentically reproducible while the reduced metabolism of the seeds provides an additional protection for encoded DNA archives.

That was the first practical implication of utilizing a multi-cellular, eukaryotic organism for storing digital data in the world. It goes beyond plant genome manipulations for biotechnological research and plant breeding. It takes the advantage of multi-cellular organisms and serves to propagate the encoded information in daughter cells. The host organism is able to grow and multiply with the embedded information, and every cell of the organism contains a copy of the encoded information; therefore, it avoids the costs of synthetic production of multiple copies of the same encoded information. Moreover, in contrast to naked DNA, which can be affected by unfavorable environmental conditions like excessive temperature, in desiccation/re-hydration conditions, DNA stored in a seed is protected against alterations and degradation over time without the need of any active maintenance. Insertion of short computer programs into plants could also serve to provide a detailed description of a given variety, since the need for such labeling has already been expressed.
As for manipulating and storing archives, their approach leverages a new look at accessing, browsing and reading information. 1g of DNA could store exabytes of data and it is a huge, capacitive storage medium. DNA protected within a seed of a living plant could be easy to access when hand-held readers will become a reality.

See also 
 DNA digital data storage

References

Biochemical engineering
SNTI. Système Numérisé de Transmissions Intérieures, commonly known as SNTI, refers to an Integrated Shipboard Communication System (ISCS) developed for the French Navy in the 1970s and first deployed in the early 1980s for use in combat ships then nuclear Ballistic missile submarines successors.

For the first time, this system has been offering on board a full resilient communication system mixing digital Voice and Data thanks to its revolutionary loop or ring protection concept. This major concept has also been used by the civilian Telecommunications (original invention patent by Sir Bernard Pando [1] [2]).

Background 
The SNTI project started by establishing ISCS requirements in early 1970. By 1972, the first multichannel single loop working model had been developed (SNTI 120 channels) and by 1978, the French began a first generation development of SNTI for use on their Tripartite-class minehunter (TMH) program. A second generation development began in 1979 and a system was functioning in 1980. Most of the French Navy ships have been equipped with this revolutionary communication system (SNTI 240 channels). That version was also used on the  USS Carl Vinson Carrier as a test-bed basis for the development of the current optical  United States Navy ISCS systems.

Like all SNTI versions, the last version called "SGD" for "Système de Grande Diffusion" was designed in T.R.T. company by Bernard Pando's team early 1987 to equip the French aircraft carrier Charles de Gaulle flagship of the French Navy based on multiloops system (4 loops with 360 channels each, on optical fibers).

The success of this SNTI technology has been residing on its concepts of survivability, security, immunity to Radiation Hazards (RADHAZ), maintenance, monitoring,  in the many combat or disaster situations.

Notes 
 Jump up ^ Bernard Pando, "Time sharing multiplex telecommunications system - has relief line in ring brought into service in opposite direction" From Patent database EPO - Patent N°FR2256605 priority 26 Dec 1973 by T.R.T. company- 
 Jump up ^ In June 1993, Sir Bernard Pando was made "Knight of the French National Order of Merit" for his career and contributions - 
 Jump up ^ French Ministry of Defence - Frigate combat equipment page on French Navy website (French) 
 Jump up ^  "An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of SNTI, an Integrated Shipboard Communications System, for Use Aboard U. S. Navy Surface Combatants" by G. Bartlett, Farrell,  Lieutenant, United States Navy,  B. A., College of the Holy Cross - March 1986

Military communications
Network science
History of the Internet
Piccolissimo. Piccolissimo is a 3D printed single-motor micro drone that is the size of a coin created by engineers at the University of Pennsylvania and named after its creator Matt Piccoli.

Piccolissimo—meaning "smallest" in Italian and related to the creator's surname—is claimed to be the world's smallest self-powered, controllable flying robot. The size of a quarter, it has just two moving parts: the propeller and the 3D-printed body, each of which spins at a different speed. It weighs 2.5 grams and has a payload limit of one gram. A slightly larger and heavier model that is steerable has been developed.

Researchers hope that their drones can be used in swarms for search-and-rescue operations.

References

External links
 Piccolissimo website at the University of Pennsylvania

Micro air vehicles
University of Pennsylvania
3D printed objects
John O'Reilly (engineer). Sir John (James) O'Reilly DSc PhD CEng FREng, FRAes FLSW (born 1 December 1946) was Vice-Chancellor of Cranfield University from 2006 to 2013. He is the son of Patrick William and Dorothy Ann O'Reilly. He has one son and one daughter.

Career
He was a student apprentice at the Royal Radar Establishment in Malvern from 1963 to 1969. He later attended Brunel University gaining a BTech degree in 1969 and a DSc in 1991. He was a Lecturer and later Senior Lecturer at the  University of Essex 1972–85 and Professor of Electronic Engineering from 1985 to 1994. He was Head of the School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Systems at the University college of North Wales, later the University of North Wales, Bangor 1985–93 where he gained a PhD in 1982. He was Principal Research Fellow at British Telecom Labs from 1993 to 1994. He was Professor of Telecommunications from 1994 to 2001 and head of the Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, 1997–2001 at University College London. He then became Chief Executive of EPSRC.

He later became Vice-Chancellor of Cranfield University from 2006 to 2013.  He was knighted in 2007.

He was elected a Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales in 2011.

He left Cranfield and became Director General, Knowledge and Innovation, BIS, from 2013 – 2015.

Since 2015, he is Chairman of NICC Ltd., - a company which develops interoperability standards for public communications networks and services in the UK.

In 2019, he named an Honorary Citizen of Singapore for contributions to Singapore in engineering research and development.

Publications
Telecommunication Principles, 1984
Optimisation Methods in Electronics and Communications, 1984 (edited with K. W. Cattermole)
Problems of Randomness in Communication Engineering, 1984
Has also contributed numerous conference papers.

References

People associated with Cranfield University
Alumni of Brunel University London
People associated with the University of Essex
People associated with Bangor University
People associated with University College London
1946 births
Living people
Academics of Cranfield University
Knights Bachelor
Fellows of the Learned Society of Wales
Klaus Riedle. Klaus Riedle (born  in Innsbruck) is a German power engineering scientist who has contributed to the development of more efficient gas turbines for power generation.

Career 

Riedle graduated from the Technical University of Munich in 1964. Following two years as visiting assistant professor at Carnegie Mellon University, he joined Siemens in 1971, specializing in nuclear reactor security. In the mid 1980s, Riedle changed his focus to fossil fuel power plants and eventually became president of the Siemens gas turbines division. He retired from that position in 2006. As of 2010, he headed the Siemens scientific developments department for high-temperature turbines. Riedle’s approach to research and development has been described as characterized by patience and ability to divide the improvement of complex systems into separate tasks, while always monitoring the combined effects on performance and reliability.

Since 1986, Riedle is an honorary professor at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg institute of engineering thermodynamics, where he has been teaching thermodynamics, power transmission and other subjects. He has also, until 2015, served on the governing board of the energy and environment society of the Association of German Engineers.

In 2005, along with the Russian scientist Zhores Alferov, Riedle was awarded the Global Energy Prize for his development of high-temperature gas turbines with improved efficiency and capacity.

References 

1941 births
Living people
Siemens people
21st-century German physicists
Engineers from Innsbruck
Technical University of Munich alumni
Academic staff of the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
20th-century German physicists
Engineer (band). Engineer is an American sludge metal band from Syracuse, New York. Featuring the brothers Bob, Brad, and Ryan Gorham, as well as the drummer Mike AuClair, the band released their debut EP Suffocation of the Artisan in 2004 on Four Leaf Recordings. In 2005 they teamed up with Hex Records for a split release with labelmates Achilles.  After touring the East Coast, and meeting Mike Hill (Anodyne) who ran Black Box Recordings, they released a split 7" with McCarthy Blacklist. Their follow-up record, Reproach, was released in January 2006 on Hex records. Signing to Black Market Activities in 2007, the band released The Dregs and Crooked Voices in 2007 and 2011, respectively.

Engineer's music has been labeled as sludge metal, hardcore punk and metalcore. The band's third studio album, Crooked Voices, experimented with inventive song structures and arrangements, while integrating a heavier emphasis on melody and noise rock elements.

Band members
 Bobby Gorham - vocals
 Brad Gorham - bass
 Ryan Gorham - guitars
 Mike Auclair - drums

Discography
Studio albums
 Reproach (2006)
 The Dregs (2007)
 Crooked Voices (2011)

Other releases
 Suffocation of the Artisan EP (2004)
 Achilles/Engineer (2005, with Achilles)
 McCarthy Blacklist split 7" (2005)

References

External links
 

American sludge metal musical groups
Metalcore musical groups from New York (state)
Hardcore punk groups from New York (state)
Musical groups from Syracuse, New York
Sibling musical groups
Musical quartets from New York (state)
Heavy metal musical groups from New York (state)
Projector camera systems. Projector-camera systems (pro-cam), also called camera-projector systems, augment a local surface with a projected captured image of a remote surface, creating a shared workspace for remote collaboration and communication. Projector-camera systems may also be used for artistic and entertainment purposes. A pro-cam system consists of a vertical screen for implementing interpersonal space where front-facing videos are displayed, and a horizontal projected screen on the tabletop for implementing shared workspace where downward facing videos are overlapped. An automatically pre-warped image is sent to the projector to ensure that the horizontal screen appears undistorted.

Examples 
Pro-cam systems create a shared workspace between users with overlapping video technique which was invented by the researcher John Tang in Xerox PARC, 1991.

Digital Desk and Double Digital Desk was the first prototypes of pro-cam systems developed by Xerox Research Center Europe.

ShareTable was the first prototype which is deployed in the field and tested with real users created by Lana Yarosh et al. at 2009.

Microsoft Research has introduced the IllumiShare system which was an application of pro-cam systems at 2012.

HP Inc. created a consumer pro-cam product named Sprout and released to market at the end of 2014.

References

Projectors
Advanced Functional Fabrics of America. Advanced Functional Fabrics of America (AFFOA) is a public-private partnership led by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The partnership was created as a component of the Manufacturing USA research network in April 2016 (then known as the National Network for Manufacturing Innovation), and received $75 million in 2016 from United States Department of Defense as Revolutionary Fibers and Textiles Manufacturing Innovation Hub to study smart fabric for warfighters. The members are 32 universities, 16 industry members, 72 manufacturing entities, and 26 startup incubators. Corporate members include American apparel  companies Nike and New Balance, and medical device manufacturer Medtronic.

The AFFOA is expected to conduct research in Internet of Things and wearable computing. The U.S. Army Research Laboratory is supplying body armor and sensor expertise to the program.

See also 

 Technical textile

References

External links

Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Innovation organizations
Manufacturing in the United States
Nanopipette. Nanopipettes are pipettes in nanometer scale, generally made from quartz capillaries with the help of laser-based pipette puller system. Glass and carbon nanopipettes are most encountered ones in literature. Carbon nanopipettes are nanopipette shaped, hollow carbon layer. The thickness or diameter of nanopipettes can be altered. Glass nanopipettes have a wide range of usage areas like electrophysiological settings, microinjection needles etc. After glass nanopipettes are fabricated and coated with carbon layer in different ways, wet-etching method is applied to get carbon nanopipettes. Wet-etching method is done to get rid of glass nanopipettes.

Nanopipettes allowed to explore protusions, dendrites and more general the properties of nanostructures, known as nanophysiology.

References

Nanotechnology
Brune test. The Brune test (named after the South African mathematician Otto Brune) is used to check the permissibility of the combination of two or more two-port networks (or quadripoles) in electrical circuit analysis.  The test determines whether the network still meets the port condition after the two-ports have been combined.  The test is a sufficient, but not necessary, test.

Series-series connection 

To check if two two-port networks can be connected in a series-series configuration, first of all just the input ports are connected in series, a voltage is applied to the input and the open-circuit voltage is measured/calculated between the output terminals to be connected. If there is a voltage drop, the two-port networks cannot be combined in series. The same test is repeated from the output side of the two-port networks (series connection of the output ports, application of a voltage to the output, measurement/calculation of the open-circuit voltage between the input terminals to be connected). Only if there is no voltage drop in both cases, a combination of the two-ports networks is permissible.

examples 

The first example fails the series-series test because the through path between the lower terminals of 2-port #1 short-circuit part of the circuitry in 2-port #2.  The second example passes the series-series test.  The 2-ports are the same as in the first example, but 2-port #2 has been flipped or equivalently the choice of terminals to be placed in series has changed. The result is that the through path between the lower terminals of 2-port #1 simply provide a parallel path to the through path between the upper terminals of 2-port #2. The third example is the same as the first example, except that it passes the Brune test because ideal isolating transformers have been placed at the right side terminals which break the through paths.

Parallel-parallel connection 

To check if two two-port networks can be connected in a parallel-parallel configuration, first of all just the input ports are connected in parallel, a voltage is applied to the input and the open-circuit voltage is measured/calculated between the outputs that are short-circuited each. If there is a voltage drop, the two-port networks cannot be combined in parallel. The same test is repeated from the output side of the two-port networks (parallel connection of the output ports, application of a voltage to the output, measurement/calculation of the open-circuit voltage between the inputs that are short-circuited each). Only if there is no voltage drop in both cases, a combination of the two-ports networks is permissible.

Hybrid connection 

A similar approach as above works for the hybrid connection (series-parallel connection) and the inverse hybrid connection (parallel-series connection).

References 

Two-port networks