omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Galloway Atlantic. The Galloway Atlantic is a 500 hp V12 aero engine that was ordered into production towards the end of WW1. The Atlantic saw postwar service in Handley Page V/1500 bombers built by Galloway’s parent company, William Beardmore & Co. In contemporary publications the type is often referred to as the Beardmore, or BHP, Atlantic or 500 hp.

Design and development 
The Galloway Atlantic is essentially a double form of the Galloway Adriatic with two banks of six cylinders set at 60 degrees working a single crankshaft.  The articulated master-and-slave connecting rods allows corresponding cylinders in each row to be arranged directly opposite each other but gives the 6 cylinder bank with the articulated rods a longer stroke than the opposing bank.

The cylinders on the Atlantic are made of cast iron in blocks of three. Cast iron cylinder blocks had previously been tried on some Adriatic engines due to the difficulties of casting and machining aluminum.  

The Atlantic was the most powerful engine fitted to the Handley Page V/1500 heavy bomber and was one of the most powerful aero-engines of its time.

Aircraft number E8287 was the first of the Beardmore built Handley Page V/1500s and was fitted with four Galloway Atlantic engines. The aircraft had been handed over to the Royal Air Force by December of 1918. The Atlantic engines can be distinguished from the Rolls Royce Eagle engines, which were also in use on the V/1500, by the absence of exhaust pipes.

800 engines were ordered from Beardmore’s subsidiary companies; Arrol-Johnston and Galloway Engineering. Most were cancelled when WW1 ended. Only 72 engines were completed all of these being built at Galloway's factory in Kirkcudbright near Dumfries, Scotland.

The Atlantic was the last aircraft engine type manufactured by Galloway with the factory switching over to automobile production during the 1920s.

Applications
Handley Page V/1500
De Havilland DH.15
Beardmore W.B.1a

Engines on display
A preserved Galloway Atlantic engine is on display at the Frontiers of Flight Museum in Dallas, Texas. The engine is on loan from the University of Texas at Dallas.

Specifications

See also

References 

1910s aircraft piston engines
Atlantic
V12 aircraft engines
Natalia Kliewer. Natalia Kliewer is a Kyrgyz-German computer scientist and operations researcher who holds the chair of information systems as a professor of business informatics at the Free University of Berlin. The focus of her research is optimization for transport scheduling.

Kliewer is originally from Kyrgyzstan. After studying information systems at the Kyrgyz Technical University and business informatics at the University of Münster, she continued her studies at Paderborn University, where she completed a PhD in 2005. Her dissertation, Optimierung des Fahrzeugeinsatzes im öffentlichen Personennahverkehr : Modelle, Methoden und praktische Anwendungen, was supervised by Leena Suhl. She continued at Paderborn as a junior professor until moving to her present position at the Free University of Berlin in 2009.

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Operations researchers
Kyrgyzstani scientists
Kyrgyzstani women scientists
German computer scientists
German women computer scientists
Kyrgyz Technical University alumni
University of Münster alumni
Paderborn University alumni
Academic staff of Paderborn University
Academic staff of the Free University of Berlin
Kermesic acid. Kermesic acid is an anthraquinone derivative and the main component of the red dye kermes (false carmine). The compound is the aglycone of carminic acid, the main component of true carmine.  As a dye, it is known as Natural Red 3.

Kermesic acid, like carminic acid and the laccaic acids, is an insect dye obtained from scale insects. Kermesic acid is found in insects of the genus Kermes. It is the only colored component of the dye kermes.

The chemical structure of kermesic acid was elucidated by Otto Dimroth in 1916.

References

Anthraquinones
Carboxylic acids
Sedona Wetlands Preserve. The Sedona Wetlands Preserve is a nature preserve near Sedona, Arizona. It is composed of six man-made basins It is located south of the city's wastewater treatment facility. It is a popular destination for birdwatchers in Arizona as birds such as ducks and shorebirds are usually absent from the preserve's dry surroundings.

History
The preserve was called the Sedona Wetlands during planning until a meeting in November 2012 concluded that "Preserve" was to be added to the name. It was dedicated on September 27, 2013. The preserve and the treatment facility cost $34 million in total.

Description
The preserve occupies , with  being water. There are six basins in which water treated by the neighboring facility is discharged. The effluent that flows into the preserve has been treated to A+ quality standards. The basins exist to increase the evaporation of effluent and increase evapotranspiration. The basins' depth can range from fairly shallow to about  deep.

Fishing, kayaking, and swimming are prohibited at the preserve. Islands have been constructed in some of the basins to allow wildlife to inhabit and breed in the area. Additionally, plants native to wetlands were added to attract animals and prevent erosion. The Northern Arizona Audubon Society offers free birding trips to the preserve seasonally. To control weeds, 200 grass carp were introduced to the ponds in 2015 under a permit from the Arizona Game and Fish Department. The fish will not be able to travel to other bodies of water as it is isolated.

References

External links
A list of birds that can be found at the preserve, compiled by the Northern Arizona Audubon Society

2013 establishments in Arizona
Protected areas established in 2013
Protected areas of Yavapai County, Arizona
Sedona, Arizona
Elaine Denniston. Elaine Denniston is an American lawyer who supported the Apollo program as a keypunch operator. She supported the Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GNC) team working on the software to control both the Apollo command and service module.

Early life and education 

Denniston was born in Roxbury, Boston in 1939. She graduated from Girls’ Latin School, a college preparatory high school located in Boston, in 1957.

Apollo program 

In 1965, Denniston was hired by Kelly Services, an employment agency. She was assigned to MIT Instrumentation Lab (now Draper Laboratory), and was hired directly by the lab within a few months of starting. Denniston joined the GNC team developing the software to approach and land on the surface of the moon. Denniston worked as a keypunch operator, taking the developed source code and entering it onto the keypunch cards. According to Denniston:

I punched the cards that eventually were turned into the program for the guidance system for the Apollo project. Punching cards is punching cards whether you’re in an insurance company or working on the Apollo project. The programmers would give me 11-inch by 17-inch sheets of paper. They would write the program in blocks. My job was to keypunch it onto the cards. Remember, direct access to computers didn’t happen back then.

Denniston was known for catching errors made by the programmers, such as a missing symbol or closing parentheses. At the time, the punchcards would be processed overnight, and an error could waste the entire run.

Denniston left MIT after two years due to lack of opportunity for advancement. She cited training someone who eventually became her boss in the department. She was told that they needed someone to come in for support, no matter the time of day. She was the mother of two at the time, and felt this was the reason she was overlooked for advancement: "I think looking back that was the only time I felt being a woman was against me, so to speak".

Later career 

Following her departure from the MIT Instrumentation Lab, Denniston returned to school and graduated from Radcliffe College in 1973. She went on to attend Boston University Law School. She has spent her career in the public sector, working for the district attorney's office as well as the city of Boston.

In 1981, Denniston helped found the group Massachusetts Black Women Attorneys, a nonprofit bar association dedicated to helping Black women attorneys.

Denniston retired in 2012.

References 

1939 births
20th-century African-American lawyers
20th-century American women lawyers
20th-century American lawyers
21st-century African-American lawyers
21st-century American women lawyers
21st-century American lawyers
Apollo program
Boston University School of Law alumni
Living people
People from Roxbury, Boston
Radcliffe College alumni
Potassium hexafluorozirconate. Potassium hexafluorozirconate is an inorganic compound of potassium, fluorine, and zirconium with the chemical formula .

Preparation
Potassium hexafluorozirconate can be prepared from precipitation from solutions:

Also, in industry, it is obtained by sintering zirconium ore concentrates with  at 600–700 °C.

Physical properties
Potassium hexafluorozirconate forms an odorless white crystalline powder.

It crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C 2/c (space group No. 15).

Uses
Potassium hexafluorozirconate is used as an intermediate product in the electrolytic production of metallic zirconium.

It is also used as a flame retardant for wool, grain refining agent in magnesium and aluminum alloys, welding flux, and optical glass component.

References

Zirconium compounds
Potassium compounds
Fluorine compounds
Fluorometallates
Entropy-vorticity wave. Entropy-vorticity waves (or sometimes entropy-vortex waves) refer to small-amplitude waves carried by the gas within which entropy, vorticity, density but not pressure perturbations are propagated. Entropy-vortivity waves are essentially isobaric, incompressible, rotational perturbations along with entropy perturbations. This wave differs from the other well-known small-amplitude wave that is a sound wave, which propagates with respect to the gas within which density, pressure but not entropy perturbations are propagated. The classification of small disturbances into acoustic, entropy and vortex modes were introduced by Leslie S. G. Kovasznay.

Entropy-vorticity waves are ubiquitous in supersonic problems, particularly those involving shock waves. Since these perturbations are carried by the gas, they are convected by the flow downstream of the shock wave, but they cannot be propagates in the upstream direction (behind the shock wave) unlike the acoustic wave, which can propagate upstream and can catch up the shock wave. As such, they are useful in understanding many highspeed flows and are important in many applications such as in solid-propellant rockets and detonations.

Mathematical description
Consider a gas flow with a uniform velocity field  and having a pressure , density , entropy  and sound speed . Now we add small perturbations to these variables, which are denoted with a symbol . The perturbed variables being small quatities satisfy linearized form of the Euler equations, which is given by

where in the continuity equation, we have used the relation  (since  and ) and the used the entropy equation to simplify it. Taking perturbations to be of the plane-wave form , the linearised equations can be reduced to algebraic equations

The last equation shows that either , which corresponds to sound waves in which entropy does not change or . The later condition indicating that perturbations are carried by the gas corresponds to the entropy-vortex wave. In this case, we have

where  is the vorticity perturbation. As we can see, the entropy perturbation  and the vorticity perturbation  are independent meaning that one can have entropy waves without vorticity waves or vorticity waves with entropy waves or both entropy and vorticity waves.

In non-reacting multicomponent gas, we can also have compositional perturbations since in this case, , where  is the mass fraction of ith specices of total  chemical species. In the entropy-vorticity wave, we have then

References

Fluid dynamics
Wave mechanics
Axel Meise. Axel Meise (born November 13, 1962) is a German entrepreneur and designer. Meise is the founder and chief designer of Occhio, a lighting and design company based in Germany.

Personal life 
Meise was born in Düsseldorf, and started studying mechanical engineering at the Technical University in Munich in 1982. During these studies, Meise sold a light fixture which he had designed. In 1987, Meise presented a low-voltage system of his own design at a trade fair.

Meise is the father of two sons and lives in Starnberg with his wife Susann Meise (born 1964), who is part of Occhio's management. He received several awards for his designs, including the Red Dot Design Award and the iF Product Design Award.

Career 
In 1990, Meise founded Axel Meise Licht GmbH. He acquired a light gallery in Munich's Haidhausen and began producing his own lamp designs. A year later, Meise decided to sell the company.

In 1998, Axel Meise and physicist Christoph Kügler developed the modular Occhio (Italian for "eye") product family. The following year, Meise established Occhio GmbH in Munich and introduced Puro, the company's first product line. Subsequently, he founded Axelmeiselicht in 2000 as the distributor of Occhio products.

In 2004 Occhio introduced the Sento lamp series, designed by Meise, which was more powerful and had a more versatile design compared to the Puro line.

With the ban on incandescent light bulbs and halogen lamps in 2009, and Occhio's subsequent transition to LED technology, Meise established his own electronics department. In 2010, he introduced Più, a recessed and surface-mounted spotlight system based on the Sento series, incorporating the new LED technology. In 2012, Meise developed the three-dimensional moving luminaire series, Io. 

In 2014, Meise presented a version of the Sento series with LED, which had infinitely variable light control. In 2017 the investment company EMH Partners became a partner of Meise, acquiring a 44 percent share in Occhio.

Also in 2017, Meise developed the Mito series in both ceiling and pendant versions, with touch-free gesture control operation. In 2020, Benno Zerlin was appointed as the new co-CEO of Occhio, focusing on operational tasks within the company while Meise concentrated on design and strategy. Two years later, Meise designed Gioia, a series of desk luminaires with adjustable light focus.

References

External links 
About Axel Meise on the official Occhio website

German business executives
Living people
1962 births
People from Düsseldorf
20th-century German designers
21st-century German designers
German businesspeople in fashion
Li Peicheng. Li Peicheng (; 30 January 1935 – 23 February 2024) was a Chinese agricultural soil and water engineering and water resources and environmental engineer, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

Biography
Li was born in Qian County, Shaanxi, on 30 January 1935. In 1952, he enrolled at Northwest Agricultural College (now Northwest A&F University), where he majored in hydraulics. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in March 1956. 

After graduation, he stayed teaching for a year. In August 1957, he joined the faculty of Xi'an Jiaotong University, but after teaching for only a year, in September 1958, he became a student at the Preparatory Department for Studying in the Soviet Union, Beijing Foreign Studies University. In June 1960, he was a secretary for the Department of Water Resources, Shaanxi University of Technology, and two years later, he studied agricultural irrigation at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences. In September 1963, he pursued advanced studies in the Soviet Union, earning his vice-doctorate degree in hydrogeological engineering 1966. He returned to China in 1966 and continued to teach at the Department of Water Resources, Shaanxi University of Technology. In July 1972, he was appointed vice president of the university, and held that office until August 1992. He also served as director of the Agricultural Research and Training Center for Arid and Semi arid Regions since August 1985. He was a visiting scholar at the St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University between August 1988 and February 1989. In August 1992, he was recruited as dean and professor of the Survey Institute of Xi'an Institute of Engineering (formerly Xi'an Institute of Geology), and served until April 2000, when he was hired as professor and doctoral supervisor at the School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University. 

On 23 February 2024, he died in Xi'an, Shaanxi, at the age of 89.

Honours and awards
 1978 State Science and Technology Progress Award (First Class) for Positioning Experiment for Comprehensive Governance of Loess Plateau - Construction of Zaozigou Pilot Zone
 1986 State Technological Invention Award (Fourth Class) for the dual purpose light well for drainage and irrigation
 2003 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)

References

1935 births
2024 deaths
People from Qian County
Engineers from Shaanxi
Northwest A&F University alumni
Academic staff of the Northwest A&F University
Academic staff of Chang'an University
Members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
20th-century Chinese engineers
21st-century Chinese engineers
Foxtron Model T. The Foxtron Model T is an electric bus designed by Foxtron, a joint venture of Foxconn and Yulon Motor, as the first commercial vehicle on the MIH Open Platform. The prototype was unveiled in October 2021 and the first production unit was delivered to Kaohsiung Bus in March 2022.

History

In July 2021, Foxtron signed a memorandum of understanding with San-Ti Group (三地集團); the Kaohsiung Bus (高雄客運) unit of San-Ti would be the first client to receive the bus, then known as E-bus, for trial use, and the North-Star International (北基國際) unit of San-Ti would develop and install electric vehicle charging infrastructure. A prototype bus, renamed to Model T, was shown that October, and the first vehicle was delivered to Kaohsiung Bus in March 2022, with capacity to produce up to 150 buses by the end of that year.

The Model T earned a Good Design Award (Japan) from the Japan Institute of Design Promotion in 2022. By the end of 2023, Model T buses had entered service in Kaohsiung, Taipei, Tainan, Taitung, Taichung, and Kinmen County.

Design
Foxtron claims the Model T has a range of  and can traverse a maximum grade of 25 percent while fully-loaded, with a top speed of . For that range, the traction battery has a storage capacity of 400 kW-hr, with a maximum charging rate of 130 kW. It is based on the MIH Open Platform.

References

External links
 

Electric buses
Foxtron vehicles
Lewis Air Legends. Lewis Air Legends is an organization located in San Antonio, Texas focused on historic aviation.

History 
Rod Lewis, the son of an air force pilot and founder of Lewis Energy, purchased his first aircraft, an Aeronca Chief, in 1981 to survey the oil and natural gas wells his company owned. In 1995, he acquired a T-28. and eventually founded Lewis Air Legends.

In 2006, the organization purchased both the F8F Rare Bear and the P-38 Glacier Girl. By 2012, it operated a team at the Reno Air Races  called Lewis Air Racing.

The organization purchased a VC-121A used by General Douglas MacArthur from the Planes of Fame Air Museum in 2015 and began restoring it to airworthy condition. The aircraft debuted at EAA AirVenture in 2023.

The organization sold a de Havilland Mosquito that was being restored for it in New Zealand in 2020.

Organization 
The aircraft are divided among several entities including the Air Legends Foundation, Lewis Fighter Fleet and Lewis Vintage Collection.

Collection

Air Legends Foundation 

 Bell P-39Q Airacobra
 de Havilland DH.89A Dragon Rapide
 Douglas A-20 Havoc
 Goodyear FG-1D Corsair
 Grumman F3F-2
 Grumman F4F-3 Wildcat
 Grumman F6F Hellcat
 Grumman F8F-2 Bearcat
 Grumman G-73T Mallard
 Lockheed VC-121A Constellation
 Lockheed P-38F Lightning

Lewis Air Legends 

 Aero L-39C Albatros
 Bell AH-1G Cobra
 CAC CA-18 Mustang Mk 22 – restored as TF-51D
 Canadair CF-5D
 Canadair Sabre Mk. 6
 Grumman F7F-3P Tigercat
 Grumman F7F-3P Tigercat
 Grumman F8F-2 Bearcat
 Grumman F8F-2 Bearcat
 North American B-25J Mitchell
 North American NA-50 – replica
 North American T-6 Texan
 Republic P-47 Thunderbolt
 Ryan PT-22 Recruit
 Supermarine Spitfire Mk. Vb

See also 
 Mid America Flight Museum

References

External links 
 

Aviation organizations based in the United States
Non-profit organizations based in Texas
Arman (missile system). The Arman missile system (full name: Arman long-range anti-ballistic missile system) is an anti-ballistic defense system built by the Iranian Ministry of Defense and the support of the armed forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Features 
The features of this system include:
The ability to detect targets within 180 kilometers
The ability to track targets up to a distance of 160 km
The time it takes for this system to be ready for battle is less than 3 minutes
A Maximum target detection of up to 24 targets
The ability to cover 360 degrees and engage simultaneously with 6 different targets
The Arman system has the potential to engage directly with various types of cruise missiles, and drones, as well as the ability to engage with short-range ballistic missiles.

There are two versions of the Iranian defense system, each equipped with different radars. One version utilizes a passive radar carrier, while the other model features an active radar. The Arman system employs Sayad-3F missiles. The introduction of this defense system in Iran aims to enhance the air defense capabilities of the Islamic Republic. The unveiling ceremony for the Arman defense system took place on February 17, 2024, with the presence of Iranian Brigadier General Mohammad Reza Qaraei Ashtiani, the Minister of Defense and Armed Forces Support.

See also 
 List of military equipment manufactured in Iran
 Islamic Republic of Iran Armed Forces
 Defense industry of Iran
 Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force
 Aerospace Industries Organization

References 

Post–Cold War weapons of Iran
Guided missiles of Iran
Anti-ballistic missiles of Iran
Surface-to-air missiles of Iran
Iranian military-related lists
Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Ministry of Defence and Armed Forces Logistics of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Space collaborations between Singapore and ISRO. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has frequently collaborated with various organisations and universities in Singapore, with activities related to space. With 20 Singaporean satellites launched by ISRO, Singapore is the third largest customer of ISRO'S foreign satellite launching missions. During the India-Singapore technology summit of 2022, both countries signed a memorandum of understanding on Cooperation in the fields of Science, Technology, and Innovation.

History

The ISRO launched Singapore's first indigenously built micro-satellite in 2011. Two more satellites were launched in 2014 and 6 in 2015. During PM's visit to Singapore in June 2018, Six MoUs were signed by NTU for research & exchange partnership with NITI Aayog.

On 23 February 2022, India and Singapore signed a MoU related to  cooperation in the fields of Technology, Science, and Innovation at the India-Singapore Technology Summit 2022's inaugural session. This virtual summit was co-organised by Singapore's Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI) and India's Department of Science and Technology (DST) and CII.

PSLV C-29 and PSLV-C56 were exclusively commercial launches of Singaporean satellites.

List of Singaporean satellites launched by India

References

Indian Space Research Organisation
Space programme of India