omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Gregory S. Chirikjian. Gregory Scott Chirikjian (born 1966) is an American roboticist and applied mathematician, primarily working in the field of kinematics, motion planning, computer vision, group theory applications in engineering, and the mechanics of macromolecules.
He currently serves as the head and professor at the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Delaware.
He is known for his theoretical contributions to the kinematics of hyper-redundant (snake-like and continuum) robots and stochastic methods on Lie groups.

Academic life 
Chirikjian received a bachelor's degree from Johns Hopkins University (JHU), Baltimore, MD, USA, in 1988, and the Ph.D. degree from the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA, in 1992.
In the same year, he joined the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Johns Hopkins University as an assistant professor.
He was promoted to associate professor and full professor in 1997 and 2001, respectively.
From 2004 to 2007, he was the Chair of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University.
From 2014 to 2015, he served as a program director for the US National Robotics Initiative, which included responsibilities in the Robust Intelligence cluster in the Information and Intelligent Systems Division of CISE at the National Science Foundation (NSF).
From 2019 to 2023, he was the Chair of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore.
He is currently the head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at University of Delaware.

Awards and honors 
Chirikjian was named NSF's Young Investigator in 1993, Presidential Faculty Fellow in 1994, and was a recipient of the ASME Pi Tau Sigma Gold Medal in 1996.
He was elected as a fellow of ASME in 2008, and a fellow of IEEE in 2010 for his contributions to hyper-redundant manipulators.
In 2019, he received the American Society of Mechanical Engineers' Machine Design Award.

References

External links 
Gregory Scott Chirikjian at GitHub

20th-century American mathematicians
American roboticists
American applied mathematicians
Johns Hopkins University alumni
Johns Hopkins University faculty
Academic staff of the National University of Singapore
Fellows of the IEEE
1966 births
Living people
American expatriates in Singapore
American expatriate academics
Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Global Artificial Intelligence Summit & Awards. The Global Artificial Intelligence Summit & Awards (GAISA) is an international conference on Artificial Intelligence organized annually by AICRA. Since its inception in 2019, GAISA has been held at various locations each year. The 5th Edition of GAISA will be held on April 11-12, 2024, at Bharat Mandapam.

History

The conference was launched first in 2019 as Vigyan Bhawan New Delhi by AICRA with an objective of discussion and exploring artificial intelligence in engrossed sectors.

References

External links
 

Artificial intelligence conferences
Clifford P. Brangwynne. Clifford P. Brangwynne is a professor of chemical and biological engineering at Princeton University, the director of the Princeton Bioengineering Initiative, and the June K. Wu ’92 Professor in Engineering. He is also a researcher at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

Education 
Brangwynne graduated from Carnegie Mellon University in 2001 with a degree in materials science and engineering, and got his Ph.D. in applied physics from Harvard University in 2007. He served as a postdoctoral fellow at the Max Planck Institute, working with Anthony Hyman.

Awards 

2023 – Dickson Prize in Medicine
2023 – Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences
2021 – HFSP Nakasone Award
2021 – Wiley Prize in Biomedical Sciences
2020 – Blavatnik Awards for Young Scientists
2020 – Michael and Kate Bárány Award
 2018 and 2019 – Finalists for Blavatnik Awards for Young Scientists
2018 – MacArthur Fellowship
2014 – Sloan Research Fellowship
2013 – National Science Foundation CAREER Award
2012 – NIH Director's New Innovator Award
2012 – Searle Scholars Program
2008–2010 – Fellow of Helen Hay Whitney Foundation

References 

Living people
American academics
Princeton University people
Princeton University staff
Year of birth missing (living people)
Carnegie Mellon University alumni
Harvard University alumni
Searle Scholars Program recipients
MacArthur Fellows
Jens Bullerjahn. Jens Bullerjahn (15 July 1962 – 26 November 2022) was a German engineer and politician. A member of the Social Democratic Party, he served in the Landtag of Saxony-Anhalt from 1990 to 2016. From 2006 to 2016, he served concurrently as Vice-Minister-President and Minister of Finances of Saxony-Anhalt. He was able to reduce the state's indebtedness.

Life and career 
Born in Halle, Bullerjahn first trained to be an electrician from 1979 to 1981. From 1984, he studied electrical engineering at the Fachschule Magdeburg, graduating in 1987. He then worked as an engineer for process optimisation for the  until 1990.

Political career 
Bullerjahn began his political career for the Social Democratic Party (SPD) at the communal level. He was a member of the SDP/SPD from 1989. Bullerjahn was elected a member of the Landtag of Saxony-Anhalt in 1990 and served until 2016. He was CEO of his party in the state parliament from 1993 to 2004. From 1994 to 2002, he stood for the "", in which a SPD government without majority was tolerated by the left parties; it continued the state’s increase of indebtedness of the previous CDU government. In the 2002 election, the SPD performed poorly. Bullerjahn began to question his approach, and sought conversations with economic researchers (Wirtschaftsforscher). Over the next 1 years, he wrote a paper consisting of strategies for sustainable consolidation of finances by financial politics through 2020: Zukunftsorientierte Finanzpolitik bis 2020. Strategien für eine nachhaltige Konsolidierung, published in 2008.

Bullerjahn led the SPD in the 2006 election, but they reached only the third position. In the resulting coalition, he served as both Vice-Minister-President and Minister of Finances of Saxony-Anhalt. He led the SPD again in the 2011 election, and held both offices until 2016. As Minister of Finances, he pursued a strict savings policy (Sparpolitik), to not only avoid more debt, but to reduce the existing, which he managed over the last three years in office. He was criticised, also within his party, for reducing the number tax offices and prisons, and for providing less support of cultural and scientific institutions, among others.

In 2012, Bullerjahn was also elected president of the board of the , serving until 2016.

After retiring from his political posts, he worked as a consultant and book author.

Personal life 
Bullerjahn was married; the couple had two sons.

In 2021, Bullerjahn was diagnosed with amytrophic lateral sclerosis, which he made public a year later. He died in a hospital in Eisleben on 26 November 2022, at age 60.

Awards 
 2021 Order of Merit of Saxony-Anhalt

Works

Papers

Books

Thesis

References

External links

1962 births
2022 deaths
Members of the Landtag of Saxony-Anhalt
Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians
Deaths from motor neuron disease in Germany
20th-century German politicians
Politicians from Halle (Saale)
Gustav Waldemar Elmen. Gustav Waldemar Elmen was a Swedish–American researcher.

Early life
Gustav Waldemar Elmen was born on 22 December 1876 in Stockholm, Sweden. He emigrated to the United States in 1893 and became a U.S. citizen in 1918.

Career
As a researcher, he worked at the Bell Telephone Laboratories. At Bell Laboratories, he invented magnetic alloys. His finding paved the way for high-capacity undersea telegraph lines.

In 1941, he founded Naval Artillery laboratory.

References

1876 births
1957 deaths
Swedish emigrants to the United States
George Moyers. Sir George Moyers (11 May 1836 – 4 November 1916) was an Anglo-Irish architect, engineer and politician. 

Moyers was the son of William Moyers. He was educated at Bellevue House, Bristol and Trinity College Dublin, graduating in 1856. He did a five-year architectural apprenticeship with his brother-in-law, Edward Henry Carson (father of Edward Carson), and worked in London for the engineers George Legg and William Dempsey. By 1863, he had taken over his father's building contractor business in South Richmond Street, Dublin. In 1891 he opened a new architecture and civil engineering business with his son, Lambert Moyers, in Foster Place.

From 1875 he was a Justice of the Peace for Dublin and was later made a Deputy Lieutenant for the city. He was elected an alderman for the Southside, Dublin in 1880 and was elected Lord Mayor of Dublin as a Conservative in 1881. He was knighted in the 1887 Golden Jubilee Honours.

References

1836 births
1916 deaths
19th-century Anglo-Irish people
20th-century Anglo-Irish people
Alumni of Trinity College Dublin
Architects from Dublin (city)
Conservative Party (UK) councillors
Deputy lieutenants of Dublin (city)
Irish civil engineers
Irish justices of the peace
Knights Bachelor
Lord mayors of Dublin
Engineers from Dublin (city)
Mohammed Al Najjar. Mohammed Al Najjar (born 1956) is a Jordanian politician. Previously he had served as Minister of Water and Irrigation from 7 March 2021 until 27 September 2023.

Education 
Al Najjar holds a Bachelor of Civil Engineering (1981) from the Krasnodar University and a Master of Environmental Engineering (1988) from the Newcastle University.

References 

Living people
1956 births
21st-century Jordanian politicians
Alumni of Newcastle University
Water ministers of Jordan
TEM2. TEM2 () is a Soviet diesel-electric shunting locomotive. The locomotive was used throughout the Soviet Union and was exported to Poland and Cuba.

History
The locomotive can be seen as a descendant of the DA units imported under Lend-Lease during World War II; TEM1 units were produced between 1958 and 1968 as the evolution of the DA units (which were American ALCO RSD-1 designs). 2000 TEM1 units were built as part of a "serious attempt at ending steam shunting".

TEM2 is an upgraded version of the TEM1, with 883 kW of power and the same tractive effort as the TEM1, but with an increased speed and a reduced weight. The first prototypes appeared at the Bryansk factory in 1960, with several pilot batches of locomotives built before full production began in 1967. TEM2 was built in both Bryansk and Lugansk until 1987. TEM2 has several subtypes, indicated by suffixes: M (modernized braking), U (improved braking) and T (electric dynamic braking).

Usage
The units are widely associated with the construction of the Baikal–Amur Mainline, providing the hauling power for the construction trains used on the line. Exported to Poland and Cuba, the Polish units can be seen on the standard and broad-gauge rail lines in the country. They are also used on the Linia Hutnicza Szerokotorowa and in industrial and sand haulage around Katowice.

Upgraded units are still being used in Lithuania in 2021; LTG Cargo operates an upgraded TEM2UM-1000 (TEM2) shunting locomotive. The work involved upgrading the underframe of the unit and installing new components, including a 900 kW C32 Caterpillar diesel engine, EMIT main and auxiliary generators, a new Airpol SK30 compressor, and a remote fuel metering system.  The unit also had new control circuit wires and power cables and video surveillance cameras installed. Cab upgrades include a new control panel, a new chair, HVAC system, and ultraviolet lamp for disinfection of frequently touched surfaces. The upgraded unit offers a 30% reduction in fuel usage and comes at 60% of the cost of a new locomotive.

References

Diesel–electric locomotives of the Soviet Union
Railway locomotives introduced in 1967
5 ft gauge locomotives
International waste. International waste is any organic waste product that is deemed unsafe to be released into the environment or standard municipal solid waste stream that has originated from an external country, and sometimes territory. Such waste must be treated before it can be disposed of in the municipal solid waste stream to prevent sickness and environmental damage. If not managed properly, regulated garbage can have detrimental impacts on agriculture, livestock, and crops.

Regulations and Rules

United States 

The United States requires that all international waste must be sterilized through incineration or an autoclave. The rules and regulations for international waste and regulated garbage are determined by USDA's APHIS and US Customs and Border Protection. Regulated garbage includes international waste, which is defined as any organic material that originates outside of the United States, with the exception of Canada. Typically, such waste is not permitted for import into the United States, but exceptions for ships and airplanes landing in US ports can be made. Regulations must be followed for any company handling IW, such as recording when garbage was received and subsequently destroyed. Waste being transported to a treatment facility must avoid all rural areas, and if it must travel through a rural area, it must be ensured that the garbage is stored in a secure leak proof fashion, using approved agents for cleaning spills, and filing paperwork when waste needs to be transported between states.

Canada 
Unlike the United States, Canada does not make an exception for international waste entering from the United States. Rules and restrictions are managed by Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) and the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA). Regulations require that this type of waste must be placed in an orange bag. Along with autoclaving and incineration, Canada also allows international waste to be buried in a landfill, however the landfill must be approved the waste must be buried. The landfill must be 0.5 km from any livestock, precautions must be taken to prevent animals from entering, and the waste must be buried under 1.8 km of non-international waste.

United Kingdom 
Known as "international catering waste" in the United Kingdom, specific regulations must be followed. This waste must be stored in "covered", "leak-proof", and "clearly labelled 'Category 1 – for disposal only'". Similar to Canada, disposing of the waste in a deep authorized landfill is acceptable. Additionally, along with incineration and autoclaving, processing the waste into biodiesel is acceptable.

Criticism 

Strict regulations in Canada have made it difficult to establish an international marine terminal in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia. International waste from Marine terminals needed to be disposed of, and the only approves sites were both located in Dartmouth, on the other side of the province, meaning that the cost of disposal would be too high to allow foreign ships to enter the terminal.

References 

Waste management
Germanium dichloride dioxane. Germanium dichloride dioxane is a chemical compound with the formula  is 1,4-dioxane.  It is a white solid.  The compound is notable as a source of Ge(II), which contrasts with the pervasiveness of Ge(IV) compounds.  This dioxane complex represents a well-behaved form of germanium dichloride.

Synthesis and structure
It is prepared by reduction of a dioxane solution of germanium tetrachloride with tributyltin hydride:

Hydrosilanes have also been used as reductants.

The complex has a polymeric structure.  Germanium adopts an SF4-like shape with cis Cl ligands (Cl-Ge-Cl angle = 94.4°) and axial positions occupied by oxygen provided by a bridging dioxane. The Ge-O and Ge-Cl distances are  2.40 and 2.277 A, respectively.

Reactions
The complex is used in the preparation of organogermanium compounds.  In organic synthesis, the complex is used as a Lewis acid with reducing properties.

References

Germanium(II) compounds
Chlorides
Nonmetal halides
Nano Biomedicine and Engineering. Nano Biomedicine and Engineering is a quarterly peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal that was established in 2009 covering nanotechnology applied to biology, medicine, and engineering. It is published by the Tsinghua University Press and sponsored by Shanghai Jiao Tong University. The editor-in-chief is Daxiang Cui (Shanghai Jiao Tong University). The journal publishes basic, clinical, and engineering research articles, reviews, conference proceedings, editorials, and communications.

Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in the Directory of Open Access Journals, EBSCO databases, Embase, and Scopus.

References

External links

Nanotechnology journals
Quarterly journals
Academic journals established in 2009
English-language journals
Creative Commons Attribution-licensed journals
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Nanomedicine journals
TEM1. TEM1 () was a Soviet diesel-electric locomotive, produced between 1958 and 1968 at the Bryansk Machinery Plant (BMZ).

History
The locomotive can be seen as a descendant of the DA units imported under Lend-Lease during World War II; TEM1 units were produced between 1958 and 1968 as the evolution of the DA units (which were American Alco RS-1 designs). Nearly 2000 TEM1 units were built in as a "serious attempt at ending steam shunting" The units had an improved 2D50 turbocharged diesel engine, derived from the TE3 locomotive.

The layout of the locomotive underwent some changes: the body had the same overall layout, but the  driver's cabin was slightly lowered and was placed closer to the rear of the locomotive. Also, and the diesel engine was moved closer to the driver's cabin and was located exactly in the center of the locomotive. The units received the designation TEM1 (T – diesel engine, E – with electric transmission, M – maneuvering). They were the first Soviet diesel shunting locomotives with an electric transmission and the first diesel locomotives produced at the Bryansk Machine Plant (Brianskij maszynostroitielnyj zawod – BMZ). The units were designed by P. Aronow.

The first unit was produced on 19 July 1958. Over the course of their production, these locomotives were subject to minor mechanical changes. Starting with locomotive number TEM1-0270, the driver's cabins were upgraded to include more vertical room near the upper windows improve visibility (as in TEM2). Starting with locomotive No. 950, the installation of bumpers was discontinued (the locomotive had an SA-3 coupling). Gradually, the service weight of the newly- produced locomotives decreased from 126 to 120 tons, while the maximum speed increased from 90 to 100 km / h. Starting in 1965, an improved 2D50M engine was installed, offering reduced fuel consumption. A total of 1946 units were produced, of which 842 were produced for industrial uses.  In 1992, 541 of them were still being used in the countries of the former USSR.

Technical details
The 2D50 diesel engine produced 1000 hp at 740 rpm; it was a four-stroke, six-cylinder engine with turbocharger, produced by the Penza Plant in Penza. Inside the engine, cylinder diameter was 318 mm, piston stroke was 330 mm. The power engine had a weight of 17,100 kg. The main generator connected to the drive shaft was an MPT-84/39 (as in the TE1), with a power of 700 kW (and a voltage of 580 V, with a maximum voltage of 900 V at 1200A). The locomotive was also equipped with a secondary inductor unit, a type MWT-25/9 (offering a power of 3.6 kW) and an MWG-25/11 auxiliary generator (with a power of 5 kW).

The EDT-200B traction motors had a power of 87 kW (at 125 V, 820 A). The motors were connected in series or (after exceeding a certain speed) in series and in parallel. The electrical equipment of the locomotive was produced by the Elektrotjażmash plant in Kharkov.

References

Diesel–electric locomotives of the Soviet Union
Railway locomotives introduced in 1958
5 ft gauge locomotives
Elaliite. Elaliite is a mineral with formula  (or ) that was first synthesized in a laboratory in the 1980s and later identified in natural material in 2022 at which time the official mineral designation was given. The mineral is orthorhombic, with space group Cmmm (space group 65).

History 
Elaliite was first identified in nature by scientists from the University of Alberta who were given a 70 gram piece of the 15-ton El Ali meteorite that came to the attention of the scientific community in 2020. Elaliite was named after the El Ali district in Somalia where the meteorite was found.

The mineral was identified by Andrew Locock who is employed by the university as the head of its electron microprobe laboratory, and classified by geologist Chris Herd. Locock also identified the first natural specimen of elkinstantonite in the same sample.

Synthetic versions of elaliite were produced in a French laboratory in the 1980s but could not be categorised as a mineral until they were found in nature. The future of the meteorite is uncertain as it has been shipped to China presumably for sale.

References 

Iron(II,III) minerals
Meteorite minerals
Minerals in space group 65
Elkinstantonite. Elkinstantonite  is a mineral with formula  that was first generated in a laboratory in the 1980s and first identified from natural origins in 2022, when the official mineral designation was also given. It is monoclinic, with space group P21/c (space group 14).

History 
Elkinstantonite was first identified in nature by scientists from the University of Alberta who were given a 70-gram piece of an ancient 15-ton El Ali meteorite that landed in Somalia and was first noticed by the international scientific community in 2020. Elkinstantonite was named after NASA scientist Lindy Elkins-Tanton.

The mineral was identified by Andrew Locock who is employed by the university as the head of its electron microprobe laboratory, and classified by geologist Chris Herd. Locock also identified the first natural specimen of elaliite in the same sample.

Synthetic versions of elkinstantonite were produced in a French laboratory in the 1980s, but could not be categorised as a mineral until they were found in nature.

References 

Meteorite minerals
Iron(II) minerals
Minerals in space group 13
De Tomaso P900. The De Tomaso P900 is a high-performance limited-production sports car to be manufactured by Italian car company De Tomaso. A track-only special, its production will only be limited to 18 units, delivery commenced in early 2023. The P900 name is derived from the car's claimed dry weight, .

Specifications
The P900's dry weight, combined with the offered option of a  V12 producing  gives the car a 1:1 power-to-weight ratio. De Tomaso also claims that the bespoke V12 in the P900 will be the lightest and shortest production V12 engine and will run on fully synthetic fuel. The V12 option will also not be available until till 2024, due to the development time needed to make the block suitable to run on synthetic fuels. Prior to then, customers taking delivery of the P900 in 2023 will have a Judd GV4.2-derived  V10 fitted, which produces slightly less power than the V12. Power delivery to the rear wheels is via an unspecified speed Xtrac sequential manual transmission.

As an evolution of the De Tomaso P72, the P900 maintains the P72's fully carbon-composite construction, alongside revised bodywork, and an adjustable rear wing similar to Formula One's drag reduction system. Other efforts to improve aerodynamic efficiency include underbody aero features and testing in Toyota Gazoo Racing Europe's former Formula One wind tunnel.

References

De Tomaso vehicles
Cars introduced in 2022