omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Chinmoy Barma. Chinmoy Barma (born 7 August 1993) is an Indian filmmaker known for his cinematic craft and storytelling, also recognized for his academic achievements and dedication to social causes in his films. He is from Nalbari, Assam.

Early life and education
Barma achieved the 7th rank in the 2010 HSLC (High School Leaving Certificate) examination conducted by the Secondary Education Board of Assam (SEBA). He pursued higher education at Cotton College and later completed his engineering degree from Assam Science and Technology University.

Career 
After finishing his studies, Barma spent a year working in Delhi, where he joined an NGO as a city lead, which focuses on providing support and resources to those in need. His advocacy for children's rights garnered widespread recognition, alongside his short films which portray the folklore and culture of his home state of Assam.

Barma additionally creates images of ghosts and other popular legends from Assamese folklore using artificial intelligence, which has gained significant popularity on social media, even receiving worldwide attention.

Works

Short films

Awards & Recognition
Barma's short film "Ahalya" won the Best Silent Film Award at the recent Indo-French International Film Festival. He received a prestigious award at the Kazakhstan International Film Festival in recognition of his exceptional contribution to the film industry, particularly his efforts in promoting Assamese folklore through his innovative films.

Footnotes

References

1993 births
Living people
Indian artists
Indian film directors
Indian painters
Artists from Assam
People from Nalbari
Power system reliability. The power system reliability (sometimes grid reliability) is the probability of a normal operation of the electrical grid at a given time. Reliability indices characterize the ability of the electrical system to supply customers with electricity as needed by measuring the frequency, duration, and scale of supply interruptions.  Traditionally two interdependent components of the power system reliability are considered:
 power system adequacy, a presence in the system of sufficient amounts of generation and transmission capacity;
 power system security (also called operational reliability), an ability of the system to withstand real-time contingencies (adverse events, e.g., an unexpected loss of generation capacity).
Ability of the system to limit the scale and duration of a power interruption is called resiliency. The same term is also used to describe the reaction of the system to the truly catastrophic events.

Economics 
Electric grid is an extremely important piece of infrastructure; a single daylong nationwide power outage can shave off 0.5% of the country's GDP. The cost of improvements is also high, so in practice a balance is sought to reach an "adequate level of reliability" at an acceptable cost.

Adequacy 

Resource adequacy (RA, also supply adequacy) is the ability of the electric grid to satisfy the end-user power demand at any time (typically this is an issue at the peak demand). For example, a sufficient unused dispatchable generation capacity and demand response resources shall be available to the electrical grid at any time so that major equipment failures (e.g., a disconnection of a nuclear power unit or a high-voltage power line) and fluctuations of power from variable renewable energy sources (e.g., due to wind dying down) can be accommodated. 

A typical reliability index for the adequacy is the loss of load expectation (LOLE) of one event in 10 years (one-day-in-ten-years criterion). Due to the possible need for the actual addition of physical capacity, adequacy planning is long term (for example, PJM Interconnection requires capacity purchases to be 4 years in advance of delivery).

Security 
Security is the ability of the system to keep the real-time balance of the supply and demand, in particular immediately after a contingency by automatically ramping up generation and shedding the interruptible loads. Security relies on the operating reserve. Historically, the ancillary services (e.g., the inertial response) were provided by the spinning machinery of the synchronous generators, provisioning of these services got more complicated with proliferation of the inverter-based resources (e.g., solar photovoltaics and grid batteries).

References

Sources

External links 
 

Electricity economics
Angelica Lim. Angelica Lim is an American-Canadian AI roboticist. She first started researching robots in 2008. Lim is currently an assistant professor in Computing Science at Simon Fraser University in Canada. She is also the head and founder of the Simon Fraser University Rosie Lab, which specializes in AI software development. Much of her work involves exploring the emotional capabilities of AI machines, and how AI interacts with music. Lim is the first to provide a scientifically published definition and implementation for robot feelings.

Early life and education 
Pursuing her interests in robotics, Lim's education involved extensive studies in the fields of neuroscience, machine learning, and developmental psychology. Lim received a B.S.c. in Computing science at Simon Fraser University in 2008. She later received an M.S.c. in Informatics (Computer Science) at Kyoto University in 2012, where she initially started her robotics research, developing a robot that could play in a symphony with a human orchestra. Lim continued her graduate training at Kyoto University and received her Ph.D. in Informatics (Computer Science) in 2014.

Career and research 

Before founding the Rosie Lab, Lim worked on software teams at SoftBank and Aldebaran Robotics, where she assisted in the development of the infamous Pepper robot. She also previously worked as an intern software engineer and researcher at Google, Honda Research Institute Japan, and I3S-CNRS, France. She also served as a journalist for the IEEE Spectrum Automaton Robotics Blog.

During her time at Simon Fraser University, Kyoto University, and beyond, she helped design and develop several robots, including Têtard (2007), an autonomous underwater vehicle; Caprica (2008), a search and rescue robot; HRP-2 Thereminist (2010-2011), a musical accompaniment robot; NAO (2011–present) cook, musician, and interactive game extraordinaire; HEARBO (2011), a robot that uses its ears and thermal cameras to understand its world; etc.

Lim has hosted several TED Talks covering the topics of AI and robotics. Some of her most notable talks have been On Designing User-Friendly Robots (TEDx Kyoto, 2012) and Robots, Emotions and Empathy (TEDx Kuala Lumpur, 2014). In 2015, she hosted Ma Vie Avec un Robot, an 83-minute robotics documentary in French for CANAL+ which was rebroadcast on NHK Japan.

Awards and recognition 

 NTF Award for Entertainment Robots and Systems IROS (2010)
 Featured in Forbes 20 Leading Women in AI

References 

Living people
Canadian roboticists
Canadian women engineers
Academic staff of Simon Fraser University
Simon Fraser University alumni
Kyoto University alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Alan Gandell. Sir Alan Thomas Gandell CBE (8 October 1904 – 10 July 1988) was the  General Manager of  New Zealand Railways from 1957 to 1966

Early life and family
Gandell was born in Greymouth in 1904 and married Edna Marion Wallis (1906 – 1993) on 27 December 1933.

Career
He joined as an engineering cadet in 1920 and qualified as a civil engineer. He was stationed in Auckland, Greymouth, Hamilton, Invercargill, Wanganui and Wellington.

He was appointed to the General Manager’s personal staff in 1951. On 19 October 1955 Gandell was appointed a director of the New Zealand Railways Commission, and its general manager.

On 13 June 1956 Gandell and the Minister of Railways John McAlpine visited Clyde Engineering in Sydney, and subsequently Cabinet approved on 26 June 1956 a tender for ten DA class locomotives from Clyde, to cost £NZ674,560. This was 6.6% above the Canadian price, but reference was made to the reciprocal trade agreement with Australia. Phil Holloway (Labour) asked a question in Parliament on 22 August 1956 about the extra cost. 

In 1957, with the abolition of the Government Railways Commission, Gandell continued as General Manager of New Zealand Railways.

He reached 40 years in government service in 1960 when Government servants were normally required to retire on a pension from the Government Superannuation Fund. He was given a three-year extension and a second three-year extension in 1963.

Retirement
Latterly and in retirement he was on the New Zealand Ports Authority and the Government Railways Industrial Tribunal.

He retired on 31 October 1966.  He said in a speech to the Institute of Transport conference in November 1966 that there had to be some way of supporting from "national funds" uneconomic but desirable services eg urban passenger transport.

In 1977 he was made a member of the Order of St John by the Queen for services to the Order.

He died in Wellington in 1988, and was cremated at Karori.

References

Citations

Sources

 Archives New Zealand; his NZR personnel file. 

1904 births
1988 deaths
New Zealand civil engineers
New Zealand people in rail transport
20th-century New Zealand engineers
People from Greymouth
20th-century New Zealand public servants
Øivind Wilhelmsen. Øivind Wilhelmsen (born 1985) is a Norwegian professor of physical chemistry at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim (NTNU), Norway. There he is head of the Thermodynamics group and serves as principal investigator at PoreLab, a Center of excellence. His area of research is thermodynamics, with emphasis on non-equilibrium thermodynamics.

His most important research contributions are within transport processes across planar and curved interfaces, the understanding of nucleation phenomena, thermodynamics of hydrogen and CO2 mixtures, and the thermodynamics of nano systems. He has received an ERC Starting Grant from the European Research Council.

Education and professional carrier 
Wilhelmsen completed his PhD in physical chemistry at NTNU in 2015 with the thesis Equilibrium and nonequilibrium thermodynamics of planar and curved interfaces. Since 2010, he has worked as a researcher, later senior research scientist, at the Norwegian research organization SINTEF. In the period 2016–2021, he worked as a part-time professor at the Department of Energy and process engineering at NTNU, and in 2021 he was appointed full-time professor of physical chemistry at NTNU. 

He has been a visiting scientist at ETH Zurich, University of Barcelona, Imperial College London and the University of Stuttgart.

Publications 

 

  (The Norwegian Scientific Index)

Awards and honours 
Wilhelmsen has received both national and international awards for his research, most notably the Ilya Prigogine Prize, the EFCE Excellence Award in Thermodynamics and the Research Council if Norway's Award for outstanding young scientists.

In 2023, he was awarded an ERC Starting Grant from the European Research Council with funding of €1.5 million.

References

External links 

 
  Wilhelmsen's profile page, NTNU

Norwegian physical chemists
Academic staff of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology
1985 births
Living people
European Research Council grantees
Aline Rougier. Aline Rougier is a French scientist in the field of solid state chemistry and materials science.

Biography 
Rougier completed her PhD in 1995 under the supervision of Claude Delmas at University of Bordeaux, before completing two post-docs in battery materials.

She has been an editor of Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells since 2011.

She was previously Director of Research at Laboratoire de Réactivité et Chimie des Solides.

Her work appeared on the cover of Journal of Materials Chemistry C in 2020.

Selected publications

References

External links 
 

French women scientists
French women chemists
French women physicists
University of Bordeaux alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Barbara De Salvo. Barbara De Salvo is an electronics engineer whose work involves the development of advanced computer memory technology and neuromorphic computing architecture. Educated in Italy, France, and the US, she has worked in France and the US. She is Research Director and Silicon Technology Strategist for the Facebook Reality Labs.

Education and career
After earning an engineering degree in 1996 from the University of Parma, De Salvo studied microelectronics at the Grenoble Institute of Technology, completing a Ph.D. in 1999. Her dissertation, Étude du transport électrique et de la fiabilité dans les isolants des mémoires non volatiles a grille flottante, was jointly directed by Gérard Ghibaudo and Georges Pananakakis. She earned a habilitation through Joseph Fourier University in 2007, and has also studied at the MIT Sloan School of Management.

She worked in Grenoble, France, at CEA-Leti: Laboratoire d'électronique des technologies de l'information, beginning in 1999 and including two years from 2013 to 2015 in Albany, New York working as part of an international collaboration with IBM. She became chief scientist and deputy director of CEA-Leti, before moving in 2019 to Meta Platforms and its Reality Labs in Menlo Park, California as Research Director and Silicon Technology Strategist.

Book
De Salvo is the author of the book Silicon Non-Volatile Memories: Paths of Innovation (Wiley, 2009).

Recognition
De Salvo was named an IEEE Fellow, in the 2020 class of fellows, "for contributions to device physics of nonvolatile embedded and stand-alone memories".

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
University of Parma alumni
Electronics engineers
Women electrical engineers
Fellows of the IEEE
Semicircular bund. A semi-circular bund (also known as a demi-lune or half-moon) is a rainwater harvesting technique consisting in digging semi-lunar holes in the ground with the opening perpendicular to the flow of water.

Background 
These holes are oriented against the slope of the ground, generating a small dike in the curved area with the soil from the hole itself, so they capture the rainwater running downhills.

These structures allow water to seep into the soil, retaining in the subsoil a greater amount of moisture. But also, it prevents the loss of fertile soil.

Semi-circular bunds are used to reforest arid zones with irregular rain patterns, allowing the growth of plants and trees, such as in the Sahel.

See also 
 Zaï
 Infiltration basin
 Contour plowing
 Great Green Wall
 Rainwater harvesting in the Sahel

References 

Appropriate technology
Soil science
Hydrology and urban planning
Rainwater harvesting
Water conservation
Flood control projects
Irrigation
Desert greening
Forestry initiatives
Environmental engineering
Marc Hannah. Marc Hannah (born October 13, 1956) is an American electrical engineer and computer graphics designer. He is one of the co-founders of Silicon Graphics Inc.

Early life and education 
Hannah was born on October 13, 1956, in Chicago, Illinois. Hannah attended the Illinois Institute of Technology where he studied Electrical Engineering. Hannah received his B.S. degree in electrical engineering in 1977. Later he attended Stanford University where he obtained his M.S. degree in 1978 and his Ph.D. degree.

Career 
At SGI he was a member of technical staff and a cofounder of the company. He is mostly known for making 3-D chips and for the creation of computer programs like Personal IRIS, Indigo, Indigo2, and Indy graphics. The Geometry Engine established the niche for graphics coprocessors, which run alongside CPUs to handle the heavy math needed to manipulate images. In the 1980s the Geometry Engine would enable the imagery in movies as well as in CAD, scientific visualization, engineering, and countless games. Descendants are now found in nearly every smartphone and computer, where they speed up repetitive calculations from graphics to AI. As Hannah notes, modern chips have a million times more transistors than the Geometry Engine.  3D technology is commonly used in movies, videos, and computers. Some movies that 3D technology is used in are Terminator 2, Jurassic Park, The Hunt for Red October, Beauty and the Beast, Aladdin, and Lawnmower Man. Hannah was one of the 7 founders of Silicon Graphics Incorporated (SGI). SGI is known for its computer graphics. The company went public in 1986 after Hannah and 6 others raised $33 million in venture capital. Marc and his team were tasked with making a 3-D graphic chip which would be used in a video game console. This would become one of the first ever 3-D graphics chips to be used in a video game console. This console went on to become the Nintendo 64. SGI was also used in the process of creating Terminator 2 when George Lucas’ Industrial Light & Magic used Silicon Graphics’ technology to create Terminator 2. Hannah also developed the 3-D special effects systems for scientific research and aerospace biotech engineering labs. Hannah’s designs also helped build the Boeing 777 and modeling systems for biotechnology applications.

Awards 
Some of Hannah’s awards and achievements are the Professional Achievement Award from Illinois Institute of Technology, the Professional Achievement Award from the National Technical Association, both of which he received in 1987, and in 1988 he received the Black Engineer of the Year Award.

References 

Living people
1956 births
American computer scientists
African-American computer scientists
Stanford University alumni
Illinois Institute of Technology alumni
American technology company founders
Computer graphics researchers
Computer graphics professionals
Silicon Graphics people
21st-century African-American scientists
20th-century African-American scientists
Tribromine octoxide. Tribromine octoxide is a binary inorganic compound of bromine and oxygen with the chemical formula . This is a free radical and one of the most complex bromine oxides.

Synthesis
A reaction of  with  at 273 K and low pressure.

Physical properties
The compound forms a white solid. It exists in two forms which are both soluble in water. It is unstable above -73 °C.

References

Bromine compounds
Oxides
Free radicals
Corban Addison. Corban Addison is an American author. He holds degrees in law and mechanical engineering from the University of Virginia School of Law and California Polytechnic State University. He has published both fiction and non-fiction.

Early life & education 
Addison is a native of Carlsbad, California. He majored in engineering at California Polytechnic State University before attending the University of Virginia School of Law, graduating in 2004.

Law career 
Addison clerked for U.S. Magistrate Judge B. Waugh Crigler before joining Charlottesville-based law firm Scott Kroner.

Bibliography 

 A Walk Across the Sun (2011)
 The Garden of the Burning Sand (2013)
 The Tears of Dark Water (2015)
 A Harvest of Thorns (2017)
 Wasteland: The Story of Farm Country on Trial (2022)

Recognition 
In April 2023, Addison’s Book Wastelands: The True Story of Farm Country on Trial was awarded the 2023 Reed Environmental Writing Award by the Southern Environmental Law Center.

References 

21st-century American male writers
21st-century American novelists
21st-century American non-fiction writers
California Polytechnic State University alumni
University of Virginia School of Law alumni
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Somali Jet. The Somali Jet, also known as the Findlater Jet, is a cross-equatorial wind system which forms off the eastern coast of Africa in the Indian Ocean. It is recognised as an important component of the Indian Monsoon and is a factor in the relatively low rainfall in East Africa. It contributes to the existence of the Somali Current - the only major upwelling system that occurs on a western boundary of an ocean.

History

The Somali Jet was documented scientifically for the first time by Findlater in 1969 based on upper air data from the Maldives and Nairobi. In practice, the existence of the strong winds had long been known due to its effect on maritime trade. Piracy off the Somali Coast is thought to be limited by the strong winds, with most instances of piracy occurring when the Somali Jet is weak.

Structure

The Somali Jet is a wind maximum (>) in the lowest 1.5 km of the atmosphere, capped above by a maritime temperature inversion. It forms across a relatively narrow band of longitudes. In the northern hemisphere summer (July-September), the jet presents as a southeasterly wind in the southeastern Indian Ocean, before recurving anticylonically to the northeast on crossing the equator, parallel to the East African coast. At this time of year, the strongest jet winds are the southwesterlies in the Arabian Sea. There is also a local maximum in the southeasterly winds off the northern tip of Madagascar.

In response to the annual cycle in insolation, the jet reverses direction in the southern hemisphere summer (December to February).

References 

Winds
Atmospheric dynamics
Sonja Glavaški. Sonja Glavaški is an electrical engineer. Initially focusing on nonlinear control and robust control, her interests have since shifted to include computational challenges in the control of electrical grids and their integration with building-scale energy systems. Educated in Serbia and the US, she works at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory as Chief Energy Digitalization Scientist and Principal Technology Strategy advisor for the Energy & Environment Directorate.

Education and career
Glavaški earned an engineering degree and master's degree in electrical engineering from the University of Belgrade. She continued her education at the California Institute of Technology, earning a second master's degree and completing her Ph.D. there. Her 1998 doctoral dissertation, Robust system analysis and nonlinear system model reduction, was supervised by John Doyle.

She worked in industry, becoming a principal scientist for Honeywell, at Honeywell Labs in Minneapolis, working for the Eaton Corporation at the Eaton Innovation Center in Wisconsin, and then for United Technologies at the United Technologies Research Center in Connecticut, where she led the Control Systems Group.

Next, she moved to ARPA-E, the US Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy, as a program director in charge of projects including the Network Optimized Distributed Energy Systems (NODES) program, focusing on the integration of small-scale renewable energy sources into the grid and the use of building-scale energy systems for grid energy storage. She moved from there to her present position at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.

Recognition
Glavaški was named an IEEE Fellow, in the 2020 class of fellows, "for leadership in energy systems".

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Electrical engineers
Women electrical engineers
Control theorists
University of Belgrade alumni
California Institute of Technology alumni
United States Department of Energy National Laboratories personnel
Fellows of the IEEE