omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Deutsch Group. Deutsch is an American manufacturer of electrical and fiber optic connectors that specializes in extreme environments such as high temperature, pressure (altitude and depth), high vibration and many other different applications like Space, Formula 1 cars, Railway, Defense, Civil & Military Aerospace and Battle Field applications. The company is now part of TE Connectivity.

History 

 1938 - Deutsch was founded in California by Alex Deutsch, a pioneer in the industrial connector industry.
 1954 - The connector business took off when Deutsch acquired the General Electric Connector Division, known as Monowatt.
 1957 - Deutsch invented the miniature electrical connector with a push-pull configuration coupling system for the Douglas DC-8.
 1959 - A major invention of the first mountable connector with removable contacts was made, which were inserted from the rear of the connector. This fundamental design remains the basis for connectors used all around the world in applications from domestic automobiles, aviation, televisions, computer equipment to trains, space shuttles and Formula 1 cars.
 1962 - Deutsch opened locations in the UK and Hellermann Deutsch (a Bowthorpe Holdings member) was formed by joining the Hellermann Company founded by Paul Hellermann in Germany and the Deutsch Company of America. Other sites in France during the next few years were also formed.
 1970’s, 80’s and 90’s - New sites opening up globally, in Germany, Israel, USA, UK, Japan, France and more.
 1979 - Layoffs continue to plague Deutsch as the market rejects poor management decisions and poor quality.
 1984 - Deutsch invented the first metallic composite connector, the DG123. This gave weight benefits for aircraft use and led to the development of the DMC-M connector.
 1986 - Hellerman Deutsch welcomes a new director to the company, Air Marshall Sir Eric Dunn.
 1989 - Demerger from Bowthorpe Holdings. Hellerman Deutsch becomes Deutsch Ltd.
 1990 – Deutsch acquired Carrier Kheops Bac SA in Le Mans, France.
 2006 – Wendel Investments acquired Deutsch  and is listed on the Euronext Paris
 2008 – Deutsch continues to grow and acquires 60% of LADD Industries and 100% of Servo Interconnect Ltd
 2012 - Deutsch Group is acquired by TE Connectivity (formerly Tyco)

Operations 

Deutsch has grown in the last 70+ years and now serves many of the high profile companies like Airbus, Goodrich Corporation, Rolls-Royce plc, Raytheon, Thales Group, Bell, General Dynamics, Ferrari Mazda & Daimler Chrysler Group who rely on these types of connectors to solve many of the engineering problems they encounter when designing future technology. Such problems are encountered with Turbine Engine environments, Vibration in Formula 1 cars, EMI & RFI interference on aircraft computers, lightning strikes damaging equipment, extremes of pressures & temperature and high current/temperature applications.

References

External links 
 Deutsch
 Wendel Investments acquire Deutsch
 Bruce MacLaren Trophy - 2008
 The Innes Ireland Trophy - 2010

Defunct electronics companies of the United States
Signal connectors
Monnett Experimental Aircraft. Monnett Experimental Aircraft was a United States aircraft manufacturer.
Founded by John Monnett, a schoolteacher from Illinois who transitioned from a pilot of J3 Cubs and Aeronca Champs to building and designing tube-and-fabric racing aircraft built around the Volkswagen air-cooled engine. The company was founded to produce plans and kits for the Sonerai I aircraft. The Sonerai I was specially built to be used as a Formula V Air Racing racer. The follow-on aircraft, the Sonerai II was a two-seat modification that made the aircraft more marketable for sport piloting. In 1982, the company marketed its Moni motor glider. It was built of aluminum and featured bonded wing skins.

Ownership history
In 1986 Monnett Experimental Aircraft was sold to INAV Ltd. INAV remained viable for only one year. The rights to the Sonerai series of aircraft were sold to HAPI, and were then again purchased by Great Plains Aircraft Supply Company, who still sells plans for the Sonerai aircraft. John Monnett went on to found a new company, Sonex Aircraft. Sonex and its follow-on aircraft have a common lineage to the VW engines of the Sonerai and simple aluminum construction of the Moni and Monex.

Aircraft

References

Homebuilt aircraft
Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United States
Walter Frederick Light. Walter Frederick Light,  (June 24, 1923 – February 24, 1996) was a Canadian business executive.

Born in Cobalt, Ontario, Light served in the Royal Canadian Air Force during World War II. After the war, he received a degree in electrical engineering from Queen's University in 1949. He started working for Bell Canada eventually being promoted to the head of the engineering department.

In 1974, he became president of Northern Telecom. In 1979, he became president and chief executive officer. He retired in 1984.

Honours
In 1980, he received an honorary doctorate from Concordia University. In 1986, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada in recognition for bringing Northern Telecom "to the forefront of international technology as a major Canadian multinational". In 1988, he was made a Member of the Order of Ontario. Queen's University's Walter Light Hall is named in his honour.

References

1923 births
1996 deaths
Members of the Order of Ontario
Nortel employees
Officers of the Order of Canada
People from Cobalt, Ontario
Queen's University at Kingston alumni
Canadian chief executives
Zoombu. Zoombu was a travel metasearch engine for Europe. The company was acquired by Skyscanner and shutdown.

Users were able to enter their starting and destination addresses and the service searches thousands of routes across combinations of transportation including flights, trains, ferries, and ground transfers including taxis, driving, and car parking. Results could be filtered according to specific user preferences, budget, time available and carbon footprint. The service was independent of any particular carrier and searches hundreds of transportation carriers. Zoombu did not include booking capabilities, but instead it linked to transportation suppliers, where it is possible to book components of any route.

The company was based in South-West London.

History
The idea for Zoombu was developed by Dr Alistair Hann whilst working as a researcher at the University of Oxford in 2008. He was frustrated at the time it took to search for flight routes and compare these to alternatives such as taking the train or ferry, then research connections to determine the best overall option. Others shared his frustration and he entered the idea for a door-to-door travel search engine into a competition run by Oxford Entrepreneurs called Ideal Idol, which he won. Shortly afterwards he asked Rachel Evatt (née Armitage), a friend and colleague from undergraduate engineering at Oxford, to co-found the business.

Zoombu’s search engine was available to a handful of users on a private basis from mid-2009. In March 2010, Zoombu’s Beta product was opened to the public, catering for searches from the UK to within Europe. In April 2010, the product was still in Beta and broader geographical coverage was expected to be added in September 2010.

In January 2011, Skyscanner acquired Zoombu.

Awards
 The University of Oxford Saïd Business School Venture Fund, 2009

 Finalist at Seedcamp in 2008

References

Defunct websites
Travel ticket search engines
IMX-101. IMX-101 is a high-performance insensitive high explosive composite mixture developed by BAE Systems and the United States Army to replace TNT in artillery shells.  IMX stands for "Insensitive Munitions eXplosives", which refers to the purpose of IMX-101: to provide explosive force equivalent to TNT without its sensitivity to shocks such as gunfire, explosions from improvised explosive devices, fire, and shrapnel.  For example, it is believed that a training incident in Nevada which killed seven Marines would not have occurred with the new explosive.  On March 23, 2013, the United States Army ordered $780 million worth of the explosive, with a production of millions of pounds annually, to be produced by BAE at Holston Army Ammunition Plant in Tennessee.  The new explosive will cost $8 per pound, compared to $6 per pound for TNT. As of 2023, IMX-101 filled shells are being used in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Time Magazine called IMX-101 one of the "50 best inventions of 2010".

Composition
IMX-101 is composed of 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN), nitrotriazolone (NTO), and nitroguanidine (NQ).  The nominal composition is 43.5 wt% DNAN, 36.8 wt% NQ, and 19.7 wt% NTO. Trace amounts of N-methyl-p-nitroaniline (MNA) are included in some formulations to aid in processing. A formulation containing about 24 wt% aluminum and 76 wt% IMX-101 is called ALIMX-101 and is currently being investigated as an insensitive replacement for H6 and PBXN-109 in Mk82-style bombs.

The performance of PAX-28, a thermobaric, containing a mixture of RDX, DNAN, Al, AP and MNA was found to have an indoor explosive equivalency factor of 1.62 when compared to Composition B. OSX-12 is being studied as a replacement to PAX-28.

Processing
Like Composition B, IMX formulations are melt-castable without thermal degradation, and are thus processed into munitions by a melt pour process starting with a batch melt kettle heated by a steam heat exchanger.

See also
M107 projectile
XM1128 projectile

Further reading
The Characterization of IM Explosive Candidates for TNT Replacement
Explosive Ingredients and Compositions for the IM M795 Artillery

References

Explosives
Hybrid Web Cluster. Hybrid Web Cluster is a software product developed by Hybrid Logic Ltd., a Bristol, United Kingdom based company. The software is designed to provide commodity web hosting in a distributed and fault-tolerant manner  on a cluster of either real physical servers or virtual cloud computing infrastructure server instances.

Features
 Runs standard LAMP stack web applications.
 Works on real hardware and virtualized cloud computing infrastructure.
 Has a configurable level of replication redundancy.
 Enables instant and automatic scalability.

Technology
This software splits each website and database into individual units of work - the load generated by each is monitored closely and the cluster automatically and transparently transfers websites and databases between cluster nodes such that no single node is ever overloaded. A single website can go from having no load at all to requiring its own dedicated web and database servers within seconds. Only one server is ever live for a particular website or database at any one time, enabling existing applications to run un-modified just as they would on commodity shared web hosting.

Scalability
The upper bound on the scalability of this system is that no single website can ever utilise more than two servers at once - under this condition all standard LAMP applications will run unmodified. However, it is possible to scale beyond this limit via the use of multi-master database replication - this requires that applications store all variable state information within a database - the database can then be live on many servers, the web application itself must remain static and can be served from as many nodes in the cluster as required.

Redundancy
It is possible to specify a redundancy invariant - this sets the number of machines in the cluster that should hold a copy of each website or database. By default this number is set to 2, this means that under normal operation all data will be held on at least two cluster nodes at any one time. If a cluster node fails, the system acts to automatically recover its data and resume web hosting within 15 seconds. This is achieved using the filesystem snapshotting capabilities of ZFS.

Release
Hybrid Web Cluster began beta testing in September 2010.

HybridCluster 2.0 was released on 1 May 2013.

See also 
 Cloud computing
 Cloud platform
 Cloud infrastructure
 ElasticHosts
 Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud
 Rackspace Cloud
 GoGrid
 FlexiScale

References

External links 
 Official site
 Development blog

Cloud computing providers
Cloud platforms
Dimitriadis 505. The Dimitriadis model 505 was a Greek microcar developed in 1958 by G. Dimitriadis, founder of the Bioplastic boat and automobile manufacturer. This car represented his first effort in automobile production, and was presented in a number of exhibitions in Greece. According to Mr. Dimitriadis, its production was eventually considered non-profitable compared to that of three-wheelers (which were taxed much more favorably). Thus, he switched to the licence production of the German Fuldamobil three-wheeler (rebadged as the Attica).

References 
L.S. Skartsis and G.A. Avramidis, "Made in Greece", Typorama, Patras, Greece (2003)  (republished by the Patras Science Park, 2007)
L.S. Skartsis, "Greek Vehicle & Machine Manufacturers 1800 to present: A Pictorial History", Marathon (2012)  (eBook)

External links
1958 Dimitriadis 505 in Dutch Auto Catalog

Cars of Greece
Microcars
Alan H. Epstein. Alan H. Epstein (born February 9, 1949) is a distinguished aeronautical engineer. He received his S.B., S.M. and Ph.D. degrees from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1971, 1972 and 1975 respectively. At M.I.T. he was the R.C. Maclaurin Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics and the Director of the Gas Turbine Laboratory.

Epstein was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 1999 for time-resolved flow and heat transfer measurements in turbo-mechanics, and for conception and development of smart engines and micro-engines. He is also a Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

He currently works at Pratt & Whitney where he is responsible for long-term technology and environmental strategy. He is also Professor Emeritus at the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

References 

American aerospace engineers
MIT School of Engineering faculty
Living people
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
MIT School of Engineering alumni
1949 births
Temple Allen Industries. Temple Allen Industries  (TAI) is the manufacturer of the EMMA (Easily Manipulated Mechanical Arm), designed for use in the aerospace, defense, and marine markets. TAI was founded in 2003 and is headquartered in Rockville, MD.

History
In 2004, Temple Allen Industries installed the first EMMA system for performing surface preparation in the aerospace industry. The system has been purchased and implemented by several leading aerospace companies, including Boeing, which has deployed the system at their Everett and Renton facilities. EMMA has also been featured in aviation industry publications, such as Aviation Maintenance, as a novel maintenance tool.

References

External links

Manufacturing companies based in Maryland
Companies based in Rockville, Maryland
Manufacturing companies established in 2002
American companies established in 2002
Royal Aircraft Factory C.E.1. The Royal Aircraft Factory C.E.1 (Coastal Experimental 1) was a prototype British flying boat of the First World War. It was a single-engined pusher configuration biplane intended to carry out coastal patrols to protect shipping against German U-boats, but only two were built, the only flying boats to be designed and built by the Royal Aircraft Factory.

Design and development

In February 1917, Germany restarted unrestricted submarine warfare against Britain, France and their allies, resulting in heavy losses to unescorted merchant shipping. There was a shortage of maritime patrol aircraft as the large Felixstowe F.2 flying boats had not yet entered large scale service, and the Royal Aircraft Factory, despite the fact that most of its aircraft were intended for land service with the Royal Flying Corps, decided to design and build a coastal patrol flying boat, the C.E.1 (Coastal Experimental 1) to help combat the U-boat menace.

Work started on the C.E.1, designed by William Farren, in July 1917, with two prototypes being built.  It was a single-engined pusher, of similar layout to the pre-war Sopwith Bat Boat, but considerably larger, with a wooden hull featuring a single step, and the tail surfaces carried on tailbooms above and behind the hull. The aircraft's two-bay biplane wings folded rearwards for storage.  The crew of two sat in tandem open cockpits, with a planned armament of up to three Lewis guns on pillar mountings, while bombs could be carried below the lower wings.

The first prototype, powered by a 230 hp (172 kW) RAF 3 V12 engine driving a four-bladed propeller was completed at Farnborough late in 1917, being sent to Hamble near Southampton for final assembly and initial flight testing on 25 December. The C.E.1 made its maiden flight, piloted by its designer, on 17 January 1918. After modifications to its controls it was sent to the Port Victoria Marine Experimental Aircraft Depot on the Isle of Grain for service trials in April, being quickly followed by the second prototype, which was powered by a 260 hp (190 kW) Sunbeam Maori engine. Trials showed that the C.E.1 was inferior to the larger and more powerful twin-engine Felixstowe flying boats, and no production followed, the two prototypes being used for hydrodynamic experiments to validate test data obtained from model tests in a test tank at the National Physical Laboratory.

Specifications (Second prototype - Maori engine)

See also

Notes

References

Bruce, J.M. British Aeroplanes 1914–1918. London:Putnam, 1957.
Hare, Paul R. The Royal Aircraft Factory. London:Putnam, 1990. .
London, Peter. British Flying Boats. Stroud, UK:Sutton Publishing, 2003. .

Flying boats
1910s British patrol aircraft
CE01
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1918
Steve Carlip. Steven Jonathan Carlip (born 1953) is an American professor of physics at the University of California, Davis. He is known for his work on  (2+1)-dimensional quantum gravity, the quantum gravitational basis of black hole thermodynamics, and causal dynamical triangulations. Carlip graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts in physics in 1975. In 1987, he graduated from the University of Texas at Austin, with a Doctor of Philosophy under the direction of Bryce DeWitt. After a post-doctoral period at Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, he has been teaching—since 1990—at the University of California, Davis.

Carlip was one of the recipients of the Department of Energy Outstanding Junior Investigator Award in the year 1991.

Works

Carlip, Steven, Quantum Gravity in 2+1 Dimensions, . Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, December 2003.
Carlip, Steven, General Relativity: A Concise Introduction, . Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, March 2019.

References

External links
 Carlip's publications at INSPIRE-HEP 
 Steven Carlip's webpage at UC Davis

21st-century American physicists
University of California, Davis faculty
1953 births
Living people
American theoretical physicists
Harvard College alumni
University of Texas at Austin College of Natural Sciences alumni
Wheeler Express. The Wheeler Express (or later known as EDI Express) is a four-seat low-wing composite homebuilt aircraft.

Development
Designed by Ken Wheeler and developed by Wheeler Technology as a high-speed homebuilt aircraft for cross-country flights, the first of the kit built prototypes was first flown on 28 July 1987, a factory built aircraft first flew in 1990. Wheeler Technology went into bankruptcy and the assets were bought by Express Design Incorporated (EDI) of Redmond, Oregon. Kits that were under construction were completed by EDI and they continued with kit production. A six-seat variant was produced by EDI as the Loadmaster 3200. EDI closed its doors and disconnected telephone lines after it filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy on 6 January 1996.

In 1997, Paul Fagerstrom of Express Aircraft Company, LLC (EAC) purchased rights to the Express cruciform plans, machine tools, jigs, inventory, engineering records, and production potential. Together with Larry Olsen, daily operations manager, production was moved to Olympia, Washington. EAC planned to use subcontractors with extensive Glasair experience to build fiberglass components. EAC later became a subsidiary of Exosphere Aircraft Company, Inc. and in 2005 Madison Bay Holding, Inc. acquired a 20% stake in Exosphere.

In September 2007, Darrell Peterson, president of Composite Aircraft Technology, LLC. (CAT), purchased and acquired all assets of the former EAC through bankruptcy court. CAT moved business and production to Toledo, WA. and provides kits, Builder Assistance Programs, and parts supply.

Design
The fiberglass composite compound curved fuselage was chosen to reduce the number of stiffeners and stringers needed. The design used an unusual seating position where one rear seat faced forward and one aft to maximize interior space. The fuselage was built with similar construction methods to Glasair aircraft with a Cruciform tail. The aircraft was only produced in kit form with five main packages that included pre-cut ribs, pre-welded steel assemblies, and a spar prebonded to the upper wing surface.

The cabin width is .

Operational history
A crash of an early example of the Wheeler Express was said to demonstrate the airframe's safety due to the energy absorption during the non-fatal crash. Although the airframe is touted as being structurally sound, the  National Transportation Safety Board issued a July 2015 report in which it cited pilot error and aircraft design, specifically the cruciform tail’s yaw stability, as a possible culprit to a fatal Wheeler Express accident in which the pilot failed to maintain airspeed during a maneuver resulting in a stall.  All three lives were lost. Critics and Wheeler Express pilots argue that the loss of control was simply pilot error and that any plane involved in a high-angle steep turn would experience a stall below Vs, or stall speed.

Variants
Wheeler Express FTFixed landing gear
Wheeler Express RGRetractable landing gear

Specifications (Express Aircraft Company Express)

References

External links
 Composite Aircraft Technology homepage

Homebuilt aircraft
Express aircraft