omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Voice Navigator. The Voice Navigator was the first voice recognition device for command and control of a graphical user interface (Patent no. 5377303). The system was developed by Articulate Systems, Inc. (founded in 1986) originally designed for the Apple Macintosh Plus and released in 1989. Subsequent versions were created for Microsoft Windows. Articulate Systems, Inc. was acquired by Dragon Systems in 1998.

The original system included both hardware and software. It was an elegant black base with a slick microphone. A software-only version was introduced in 1992 for computers with built-in microphone and adequate microprocessor (Mac IIsi, Mac Quadra AV).

The hardware consisted of a TMS320 digital signal processor, a Rockwell fax modem and a SCSI interface as well as a headset microphone.

The software consisted of Dragon Systems (acquired by Nuance) speaker dependent, discrete utterance, voice recognition driver and Articulate Systems patented voice control technology.

The software enabled voice control of any Macintosh application using context dependent synchronised grammars derived from the current processes and operating system data structures (menus, windows, controls) and events (mouse, key and AppleEvents). The system recognised spoken utterances and posted corresponding system events.

The system was designed to be extensible using a plug-in architecture (voice extensions) for custom functionality and included a software developer kit (SDK) for third-party applications.

Products 

Voice Navigator - The original version with fax modem capability.

Voice Navigator II - A low cost version with desktop microphone.

Voice Navigator SW - A software-only version for Macs with built-in microphones.

Voice Navigator SDK - The software developer kit for third-party applications.

Derivatives 
PowerSecretary - Voice command and control with dictation capability.

Credits 
The core engineering team included: Tom Firman, Tim Morgan, Dave Hoch, Dan Zimmerman, David Kelts and Glenn McElhoe. Peter Durlach was responsible for product management and marketing. Dana Morgan managed customer service, technical support and quality control. Ivan Mimica was the visionary CEO.

References

External links 
 Science Fiction, Speech Recognition, and Finale
 
 ASR News Article
 Voice Recognition Archive
 The Mythical Man Month pp 264
 Google Books

Speech recognition software
Macintosh peripherals
User interfaces
Computing input devices
History of human–computer interaction
AIAA Journal. The AIAA Journal is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published monthly by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. It covers all areas of aeronautics and astronautics, particularly with respect to new theoretical and experimental developments. The current editor-in-chief is Tom I-P. Shih from Purdue University. According to the Journal Citation Reports, its 2020 impact factor is 2.127, ranking it 8th out of 34 journals in the category "Engineering, Aerospace".

History 
The history of the AIAA Journal is linked with the development of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. In 1933, a predecessor organization called the Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences first published the Journal of the Aeronautical Sciences. This journal was published on a monthly basis beginning in 1935. The American Rocket Society was founded and began to publish in roughly the same time frame, with their main publication titled The Journal of the American Rocket Society. By the late 1950s, both organizations shared similar topics. The AIAA and ARS officially merged in 1963, which led to the consolidation of their flagship journals into the AIAA Journal in 1963.

See also

References

External links 
 

Aerospace engineering journals
English-language journals
Monthly journals
Academic journals established in 1963
Academic journals published by learned and professional societies of the United States
John Paul Vergara. John Paul C. Vergara is a professor at the Department of Information Systems and Computer Science, School of Science and Engineering, Ateneo de Manila University. He is the former the Vice President for the Loyola Schools of the University, succeeding Ma. Assunta Caoile-Cuyegkeng, Ph.D, as well as former Vice President for the Ateneo Professional Schools.

Education 

Vergara graduated from Philippine Science High School in 1982. He then attended the Ateneo de Manila University as National Science and Technology Agency scholar, graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree with majors in Computer Science and in Mathematics in 1986. In 1990, he completed his Master of Science studies in computer science and applications at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech). In 1997, he completed his doctorate in the same field at the same institution, where he was recognized for Scholarly Performance in Graduate Study.

As a scientist and educator 

Vergara became a member of the Ateneo de Manila University faculty in 1986. He became professor and chair of the Department of Information Systems and Computer Science, and also became head of the Information Technology department of the Ateneo Graduate School of Business as well as Assistant Director of the Ateneo Information Technology Institute. In 2008, he was a visiting adjunct professor at Virginia Tech's Department of Computer Science.  Vergara has also held numerous consulting positions, is a member of numerous scientific organizations, and has refereed various academic journals.

As Ateneo administrator 

Vergara was appointed Vice President for Administration and Planning by the Ateneo's Board of Trustees, a position he held from April 2009 to March 2010. Subsequently, he was chosen as the next Vice President for the Loyola Schools.

Awards and recognition 

Vergara's awards include recognition for Scholarly Performance in Graduate Study by Virginia Tech in 1997. He was also awarded the DuPont Miracles of Science Award by DuPont Far East in July 2001. Vergara was likewise named one of the Outstanding Young Scientists by the Philippines' National Academy of Science and Technology.

References 

Living people
Filipino educators
Filipino chemists
Ateneo de Manila University alumni
Academic staff of Ateneo de Manila University
Year of birth missing (living people)
De Haan's Bus & Coach. De Haan's Bus & Coach is a South African bus manufacturer located in Parow, Cape Town. The company was founded by the emigrant brothers Luit and Nicholas de Haan in 1951. De Haan's Bus & Coach is known for its carriages and buses. The firm is the oldest bus manufacturer of South Africa.

History
The first model of the company was the 1952 introduced copy of the famous Zeederberg carriage. Six units of this model were built in this year for the Jan van Riebeeck Festival. The South African entrepreneurs had measured the dimensioning of the original model which can be shown at the Johannesburg Museum. For the manufacturing of the replicas, the brothers had used self-made sketches and detailed plans. The company became well-known quickly and sold their vehicles throughout the country. Particularly, the Gold Rush helped to achieve this success.

As this boom had an end in the early seventies, the company started the production of modern buses under the German MAN brand.

Currently, the company produces the bus models MAN Challenger 125, MAN Challenger 138 and MAN Challenger Superior 140. Since 2007 De Haan's is CKD assembling Mercedes-Benz buses on behalf of the Egyptian Manufacturing Commercial Vehicles for the local market. The company management is currently held by the two sons Peter and Andre de Haan. In March 2010, the company was bought by the MCV Corporate Group, but the company name remains.

External links
Official website of De Haan's Bus & Coach

Bus manufacturers of South Africa
Manufacturing companies based in Cape Town
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1951
1951 establishments in South Africa
List of offshore wind farms in Germany. The following is a list of offshore wind farms in Germany, operational within the national maritime boundaries. Germany, along with Denmark and the United Kingdom is a worldwide leader in advancing offshore wind farm technology.
The name of the wind farm is the name used by the energy company when referring to the farm and is usually related to a shoal or the name of the nearest town on shore.



Offshore wind farms

Map of offshore wind farms

Wind farms under construction

Projects

Gallery

See also 

Wind power in Germany
List of offshore wind farms
Lists of offshore wind farms by country
List of offshore wind farms in the North Sea
List of onshore wind farms

References

External links 
Deutsche Energie-Agentur (Dena), German Energy Agency
LORC Offshore Renewables Map - Germany
Capacity factors
Capacity Factors windparks germany in 2019

Official websites 

Germany
Canadian National Association of Infrared Imaging Technologists. The Canadian National Association of Infrared Imaging Technologists (AIIT) is a Canadian not-for-profit professional association concerned with maintaining high standards of service delivery, training, and continued education of infrared imaging thermographers. The association is a membership driven, self-regulating body for the industry.

AIIT awards and manages the IIT professional certification to qualified thermographers and technologists in Canada.

References

See also
 Thermographic camera
 Thermography
 Infrared photography

Infrared imaging
M. George Craford. M. George Craford (born December 29, 1938) is an American electrical engineer known for his work in Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). 

Raised in an Iowa farming community, he studied physics at the University of Iowa, where he earned his BA in 1961. Craford received his MS (1963) and PhD (1967) degrees in physics from the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign in 1967, began his professional career at the Monsanto Chemical Company, where he discovered the "Yellow light". When Monsanto sold its LED and compound semiconductor business in 1979, Craford went to Hewlett Packard, where in 1982 he became the research and development manager of the HP Optoelectronics Division. When Lumileds Lighting (now Philips Lumileds Lighting Company) spun out from HP in 1999, Craford was named the company's Chief Technical Officer (CTO).

In 1972 Craford invented the first yellow LED as well as red and red-orange LEDs. At Monsanto, his group developed nitrogen-doped GaAsP, and at HP pioneered development of AlInGaP LEDs and developed AlGaAs and InGaN products. More recently, his team implemented compound semiconductor wafer bonding to create devices with efficiencies exceeding incandescent and halogen lights.

Craford was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 1994 for contributions to light-emitting-diode (LED) materials and devices, including the first yellow LED. He is also an IEEE Fellow and recipient of the 2002 National Medal of Technology and 1995 IEEE Morris N. Liebmann Memorial Award, as well as awards from the Optical Society of America, Materials Research Society (MRS), and Electrochemical Society for his LED research. He received the IEEE Edison Medal, 2017 for a career of meritorious achievement in electrical science, electrical engineering, or the electrical arts.

The Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering was awarded to Isamu Akasaki, Shuji Nakamura, Nick Holonyak Jr, M. George Craford and Russell Dupuis for the creation and development of LED lighting, which forms the basis of all solid state lighting technology.

References
"M. George Craford", IEEE Spectrum, volume 32, issue 2, February 1995, pages 52–55. ISSN 0018-9235.
"President Bush Awards Lumileds Lighting’s Chief Technology Officer Dr. M. George Craford the 2002 National Medal of Technology", press release, (November 6, 2003, Lumileds Lighting.
Three Fives editorial board biography
Materials Research Society (MRS) biography

Notes

Living people
American electrical engineers
Grainger College of Engineering alumni
National Medal of Technology recipients
Draper Prize winners
Monsanto employees
IEEE Edison Medal recipients
Optical engineers
1938 births
CH4 (disambiguation). CH4 most commonly refers to the chemical formula for methane.

CH4 may also denote:
a postcode subdistrict of Chester, United Kingdom
the CH-4 variant of the Cessna CH-1 Skyhook helicopter
the CH-4 variant of the CASC Rainbow unmanned aerial vehicle
 CH-4, a submarine chaser during World War II
Channel 4 (disambiguation)
Church Hymnary 4th edition
Chandrayaan-4 (CH-4), Moon lander
Fire Resistant Environmental Ensemble. The Fire Resistant Environmental Ensemble (FREE) is a multi-layered, versatile insulating garment that is adaptable to varying mission requirements and environmental conditions. The system consists of undergarments, a base layer, midweight underlayer, light weather outer layer, intermediate weather outer layer, and an extreme/wet weather parka. It also includes cold weather gloves, a rigger belt, and wool socks.

FREE is designed to be functional and increase comfort and ergonomic efficiency in and out of aircraft and combat vehicles. It will replace aviation and combat vehicle crewmen cold-weather clothing.

See also
Flame Resistant Organizational Gear

Sources

This article incorporates work from , which is in the public domain as it is a work of the United States Military.

External links
Flame Resistant Environmental Ensemble
Program Executive Office Soldier

United States Army uniforms
Military equipment introduced in the 2000s
Comminution. Comminution is the reduction of solid materials from one average particle size to a smaller average particle size, by crushing, grinding, cutting, vibrating, or other processes. In geology, it occurs naturally during faulting in the upper part of the Earth's crust. In industry, it is an important unit operation in mineral processing, ceramics, electronics, and other fields, accomplished with many types of mill. In dentistry, it is the result of mastication of food. In general medicine, it is one of the most traumatic forms of bone fracture.

Within industrial uses, the purpose of comminution is to reduce the size and to increase the surface area of solids. It is also used to free useful materials from matrix materials in which they are embedded, and to concentrate minerals.

Energy requirements 
The comminution of solid materials consumes energy, which is being used to break up the solid into smaller pieces. The comminution energy can be estimated by:

Rittinger's law, which assumes that the energy consumed is proportional to the newly generated surface area;
Kick's law, which related the energy to the sizes of the feed particles and the product particles;
Bond's law, which assumes that the total work useful in breakage is inversely proportional to the square root of the diameter of the product particles, [implying] theoretically that the work input varies as the length of the new cracks made in breakage.
Holmes's law, which modifies Bond's law by substituting the square root with an exponent that depends on the material.

Forces 
There are three forces which are typically used to affect the comminution of particles: impact, shear, and compression.

Methods 
There are several methods of comminution. Comminution of solid materials requires different types of crushers and mills depending on the feed properties such as hardness at various size ranges and application requirements such as throughput and maintenance. The most common machines for the comminution of coarse feed material (primary crushers) are the jaw crusher (1m > P80 > 100 mm), cone crusher (P80 > 20 mm) and hammer crusher. Primary crusher products in intermediate feed particle size ranges (100mm > P80 > 20mm) can be ground in autogenous (AG) or semi-autogenous (SAG) mills depending on feed properties and application requirements. For comminution of finer particle size ranges  (20mm > P80 > 30 μm) machines like the ball mill, vertical roller mill, hammer mill, roller press or high compression roller mill, vibration mill, jet mill and others are used. For yet finer grind sizes (sometimes referred to as "ultrafine grinding"), specialist mills such as the IsaMill are used.

Trituration, for instance, is comminution (or substance breakdown) by rubbing. Furthermore, methods of trituration include levigation, which is the trituration of a powder with a non-solvent liquid, and pulverization by intervention, which is trituration with a solvent that can be easily removed after the substance has been broken down.

See also

Electromagnetic vortex intensifier with ferromagnetic particles - Special equipment for ultrafine grinding

References 

 
Industrial processes
Hella Zippy. Hella Zippy is Intel's code-name for a high-speed integrated, end-to-end, silicon-based optical system. The prototype of this technology is essentially a two-chip system that can optically transmit and receive data at 50 Gbit/s or higher. A transmitter chip uses four hybrid silicon lasers running at 12.5 Gbit/s each and operating at different wavelengths. The lasers are essentially part of the silicon wafer, eliminating the need for a separate optical module, as in Light-Peak. The reason for this design is due to the increased need for transferring data at very high speeds and the only way to achieve this is to introduce Optical Technology. Copper becomes a bottleneck at 10 Gbit/s. Silicon-based optical interconnects are also highly immune to errors. Hella Zippy is predicted to supersede Intel's own Light Peak in the coming years.

See also 
 Thunderbolt (interface) Light Peak
 Ethernet
 LAN party
 LAN
 FireWire

References 

Intel products
Kansas Technical Institute. The Kansas Technical Institute was a two-year technical College located in Salina, Kansas and the predecessor of Kansas State Polytechnic.

History
The school was created in 1965 by the Kansas Legislature and originally was named "Schilling Institute" because the campus was located on part of the former Schilling Air Force Base.  Programs at the technical school focused on engineering technology and aviation technology.

The college was governed by the State Board of Education until July 1, 1976, when it was placed under the Control of the Kansas Board of Regents. The college became the seventh college under control of the Board of Regents. The name was changed in 1988 to "Kansas College of Technology." The two-year College became a campus of Kansas State University in 1991 and was renamed Kansas State University-Salina, College of Aviation and Technology, reflecting the two main fields of academia on campus. In 2015, the campus was again renamed to Kansas State University Polytechnic Campus. The former associate degree granting programs at Kansas Technical Institute (Kansas College of Technology) were Aeronautical Technology, Chemical Engineering Technology, Civil Engineering Technology, Computer Science Technology, Electronics Technology and Mechanical Engineering Technology. All existing programs at the time of the merger were continued, intact, and after the merger Baccalaureate Degrees were developed in the Engineering Technologies.  Also, the programs of Technology were streamlined into two major divisions, namely Technology and Aviation. Each division offers multiple specialties which were available in the departments before the merger.

See also
 Kansas State University
 Kansas State University Polytechnic Campus

References

External links
 K-State Salina official website

Defunct universities and colleges in Kansas
Dr. Narla Tata Rao Thermal Power Station. Dr. Narla Tata Rao Thermal Power Station or Vijayawada Thermal Power Plant is located at Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. It is named after Narla Tata Rao, the erstwhile chairman of the Andhra Pradesh State Electricity board. The power plant is one of the coal-based power plants of APGENCO. It is placed between Ibrahimpatnam and Kondapalli villages.

Power Plant
Dr Narla Tata Rao Thermal Power Plant is also known as Vijayawada Thermal Power Plant. It was developed under 4 stages, with the project cost of Rs 193 Crores and Rs 511 Crores respectively.

Again with an investment of RS 840 Crores 2 units were commissioned under III Stage.

The seventh unit of 500 MW was commissioned in 2009.

The station stood first in country during 94–95, 95–96, 96–97, 97-98 and 2001-02 by achieving the highest plant load factor.

The station has received many prestigious awards from various organisations. The station has received Meritorious Productivity Awards for 21 consecutive years and Incentive awards for 12 consecutive years.

Capacity
The plant has present capacity of 2560 MW.

See also 
Andhra Pradesh Power Generation Corporation
Power sector of Andhra Pradesh

References 

Coal-fired power stations in Andhra Pradesh
Economy of Vijayawada
Buildings and structures in Vijayawada
Companies based in Vijayawada
1979 establishments in Andhra Pradesh
Energy infrastructure completed in 1979
20th-century architecture in India
Vladimir Nesterov. Vladimir Yevgenyevich Nesterov (; 1 July 1949 – 28 December 2022) was a Russian engineer who was the former general director of Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center, one of the world's leading space launch providers.

Biography

Born in Cherepovets, Nesterov graduated from Moscow Aviation Institute in 1972 with a Master's degree in mechanical engineering, and from the Dzerzhinsky Military Academy of Rocket Forces in 1978. He served in the Soviet Army from 1972 to 1992, after which he joined the Russian Space Agency, first serving as a deputy head of Directorate for launch vehicles and ground infrastructure until 2004, and then as the head of the same directorate 2004–2005. On 25 November 2005, he was appointed general director of Khrunichev by a Russian Federation presidential decree.

See also
 2022 Russian businessmen mystery deaths

References

1949 births
2022 deaths
Soviet engineers
20th-century Russian engineers
21st-century Russian engineers
People from Cherepovets
Moscow Aviation Institute alumni
Recipients of the Medal of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 2nd class
Recipients of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 4th class
Recipients of the Order of Honour (Russia)
Recipients of the Order of Merit (Ukraine), 3rd class
Recipients of the Order of the Red Star
State Prize of the Russian Federation laureates
Soviet military engineers
Russian military engineers