omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Richard D. Braatz. Richard D. Braatz (born July 19, 1966) is the Edwin R. Gilliland Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology known for his research in control theory and its applications to chemical, pharmaceutical, and materials systems.

He has received many honors, including the Hertz Foundation Thesis Prize, the Donald P. Eckman Award and John R. Ragazzini Award from the American Automatic Control Council, the Curtis W. McGraw Research Award from the Engineering Research Council, and the Antonio Ruberti Young Researcher Prize from the Antonio Ruberti Foundation and IEEE Control Systems Society. Braatz became a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2019. He is a Fellow of the International Federation of Automatic Control, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Braatz graduated from Oregon State University with a B.S. in 1988 with an undergraduate thesis on heat exchanger design supervised by Octave Levenspiel. He worked at Chevron Research and Avery Dennison before receiving his M.S. and Ph.D. in robust control from the California Institute of Technology under the direction of Professor Manfred Morari. His thesis included a proof that robust control problems are NP-hard. After a postdoctoral year at DuPont, he moved to the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he rose to the position of millennium chair and professor, with positions in chemical and biomolecular engineering, electrical and computer engineering, mechanical science and engineering, bioengineering, applied mathematics, and computational science and engineering. Braatz made contributions in the areas of robust optimal control, fault detection and diagnosis, sheet and film processes, and crystallization.

After serving as a visiting scholar for a year at Harvard University, in 2010 he moved to MIT's department of chemical engineering, where he continues research in systems and control theory and its applications.

References

Sources 
Richard Braatz Faculty Page
Donald P. Eckman Award
John R. Ragazzini Award
Antonio Ruberti Young Researcher Prize
IEEE Control Systems Society Transition to Practice Award
Curtis W. McGraw Research Award
Hertz Foundation Thesis Prize
AACC Executive Officers
National Academy of Engineering

American chemical engineers
Living people
American control theorists
MIT School of Engineering faculty
1966 births
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
Fellows of the International Federation of Automatic Control
Fellows of the IEEE
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Nikitin NV-6. The Nikitin NV-6, (a.k.a. UTI-6), was a single seat aerobatic biplane designed and produced in the USSR in 1940.

Development
Nikitin designed the NV-6 as an aerobatic aircraft which was unusual in the USSR in 1939. The fuselage of welded KhMA steel tubing, and lower wing were taken from the NV-1 sporting aircraft of 1933. A new wooden upper wing supported by I struts and cabanes, duralumin tail surfaces with fabric covering and cantilever faired  undercarriage attached to the fuselage completed the NV-6. Flight testing was begun by Nikitin and Schyevchyenko during December 1940 but the onset of the Great Patriotic War stopped further work.

Specifications (NV-6)

See also

References

 Gunston, Bill. “The Osprey Encyclopaedia of Russian Aircraft 1875–1995”. London, Osprey. 1995.

External links

1940s Soviet sport aircraft
NV-6
Biplanes
Aerobatic aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1940
Nikitin PSN-2. The Nikitin PSN-2, (Planer Spetsial'nogo Naznachenaya - glider for special purpose) was a single seat glider bomb research aircraft designed and produced in the USSR from 1934.

Development
The PSN-2 was a glider floatplane designed to test the concept and guidance equipment for a range of guided glider bombs proposed by S.F. Valk in 1933.  Constructed of wood, the PSN-2 was a sleek monoplane aircraft with two floats attached to the wing with struts, an open cockpit in the extreme nose of the fuselage and extra fins at the aft end of each float. The PSN-2 could be carried aloft under a mother-ship or aero-towed off water. Beaching gear was available for manoeuvring the aircraft when not on the water.  The planned mission of the pilotless production version of PSN-2 included a 40 km(25.85 mile) range flown at 700 km/h(435 mph), guided to the target with the KVANT Infra-red guidance system. Flight testing was carried out in 1940, but work was discontinued on 19 July 1940.

Specifications (PSN-2)

See also
Fieseler Fi103
RAE LARYNX

References
Notes

Sources

1940s Soviet experimental aircraft
Glider aircraft
Floatplanes
PSN-2
Low-wing aircraft
World War II guided missiles
Aircraft first flown in 1940
Tradeston Bridge. The Tradeston Bridge, colloquially known as the squiggly bridge is a pedestrian bridge across the River Clyde in Glasgow which opened on 14 May 2009.  It links the districts of Anderston (on the north bank) to Tradeston and the neighbouring district of Kingston (on the south bank) – the aim of the bridge being to aid the regeneration of Tradeston by giving it a direct link to the city's financial district on the western side of the city centre.

The design was prepared by Dissing+Weitling, a Danish architectural firm, with the UK engineers Halcrow Group. The bridge concrete works were built by BAM Nuttall whilst the steel bridge structure was fabricated and erected by RBG Ltd. The structure is a balanced cantilever design. The steel fins, which provide structural support, are placed above the bridge to add visual interest but also to reduce the overall bulk of the deck.

It cost £7 million to construct and is used by pedestrians and cyclists with no motorised traffic being allowed upon it. The span is horizontally curved in an S shape with outward canting on both curves. The S shape gives the bridge the extra length it needs to allow enough clearance for boats without making the bridge too steep.

References

External links
 Tradeston Bridge - Architect's page

Bridges in Glasgow
Bridges across the River Clyde
Bridges completed in 2009
Pedestrian bridges in Scotland
Gorbals
2009 establishments in Scotland
Southampton BASIC System. Southampton BASIC System (SOBS) was a dialect of the BASIC programming language developed for and used on ICT 1900 series computers in the late 1960s and early 1970s; it was implemented as an incremental BASIC interpreter under the MINIMOP operating system at the University of Southampton and also ran under MAXIMOP.

It was operated from a Teletype terminal, though CRT terminals could also be used.

Language characteristics 
In common with many early implementations of BASIC, SOBS needed lines to have line numbers, both to allow a user to add new lines to the program in the desired place and also as targets for GOTO and GOSUB statements. A RENUMBER facility was available to allow for sections of the code to be renumbered, by default in increments of 10, to allow more space in the middle of a program.

Other than line numbers, all numeric values were represented internally as floating point.

Statements 
The language had relatively few statements by comparison with modern programming languages:

Note in particular the lack of a WHILE-like statement; FOR was the only looping construct available to programmers.

Variables 
Variable names for numeric values were either a single letter, or a single letter followed by a single numeric digit, thus allowing for 286 discreet variables in total. Strings were supported; variable names for them had the same restriction but were followed by a pound (£) symbol.

Functions 
A limited number of numeric functions were provided, all of which took one numeric parameter:

Support for strings was more limited, with only one function, LEN, which returned the length of the string parameter. Sub-strings were supported with square brackets, so A£[2,3] referred to the sub-string of the string A£ from the 2nd character to the 3rd character inclusive, so
10 LET A£ = "FOO"
20 PRINT A£[2,3]
would print OO

This syntax was also supported on the left-hand side of an assignment, so
10 LET A£ = "FOO"
20 LET A£[2,2] = "BAR"
30 PRINT A£
would print FBARO

Arrays 
Support for handling arrays of data was relatively strong, with MAT statements able to read an entire array from DATA statements, and perform useful matrix operations such as matrix addition, matrix subtraction, matrix multiplication, and finding the inverse matrix for a square matrix.

Example:
10 DIM A(3,3)
20 MAT READ A
30 DATA 1,1,2,1,0,2,0,2,1
40 DIM B(3,3)
50 MAT READ B
60 DATA 0,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0
70 DIM C(3,3),D(3,3)
80 MAT C=A*B
90 MAT D=INV(C)
100 MAT PRINT D,

The output would be
2              2              1
1              -1             0
4              -3             -2

Debugging 

SOBS had primitive debugging capabilities, limited mostly to the TRACE statement. TRACE ON would cause the interpreter to print each line number as it was executed.

References

BASIC interpreters
ICL programming languages
Science and technology in Hampshire
University of Southampton
BASIC programming language family
Eurocode: Basis of structural design. In the Eurocode series of European standards (EN) related to construction, Eurocode: Basis of structural design (informally Eurocode 0; abbreviated EN 1990 or, informally, EC 0) establishes the basis that sets out the way to use Eurocodes for structural design. Eurocode 0 establishes Principles and requirements for the safety, serviceability and durability of structures, describes the basis for their design and verification and gives guidelines for related aspects of structural reliability. Eurocode 0 is intended to be used in conjunction with EN 1991 to EN 1999 for the structural design of buildings and civil engineering works, including geotechnical aspects, structural fire design, situations involving earthquakes, execution and temporary structures.

Eurocode 0 is also applicable:
for the design of structures where other materials or other actions outside the scope of EN 1991 to EN 1999 are involved,
for the structural appraisal of existing construction, in developing the design of repairs and alterations or in assessing change of use.

Eurocode 0 may be used, when relevant, as a guidance document for the design of structures outside the scope of the EN Eurocodes EN 1991 to EN 1999, for:
assessing other actions and their combinations;
modelling material and structural behaviour;
assessing numerical values of the reliability format.

Annex A2 of EN 1990 gives rules and methods for establishing combinations of actions for serviceability and ultimate limit state verifications (except fatigue verifications) with the recommended design values of permanent, variable and accidental actions and ψ factors to be used in the design of road bridges, footbridges and railway bridges. It also applies to actions during execution. Methods and rules for verifications relating to some material-independent serviceability limit states are also given.

The current latest version of the British Standard is EN 1990:2002+A1:2005, incorporating corrigendum December 2008. It supersedes DD ENV 1991-1:1996 which is withdrawn.

Normative References

The Eurocodes were published as European Prestandards. The following European Standards which are published or in preparation are cited in normative clauses:

 EN 1991 Eurocode 1 : Actions on structures
 EN 1992 Eurocode 2 : Design of concrete structures
 EN 1993 Eurocode 3 : Design of steel structures
 EN 1994 Eurocode 4 : Design of composite steel and concrete structures
 EN 1995 Eurocode 5 : Design of timber structures
 EN 1996 Eurocode 6 : Design of masonry structures
 EN 1997 Eurocode 7 : Geotechnical design
 EN 1998 Eurocode 8 : Design of structures for earthquake resistance
 EN 1999 Eurocode 9 : Design of aluminium structures

See also
 Building code 
 First-order reliability method

External links
The EN Eurocodes
EN 1990: Basis of structural design
EN 1990 - Eurocode: Basis of structural design - "Eurocodes: Background and applications" workshop 

0
MacDraft. MacDraft is a 2-D computer-aided design (CAD) program for Mac OS X, which can be used to create drafts, illustrations and architectural plans.  Unlike pixel-based drawing programs like MacPaint, MacDraft is vector and object-based, fully scaled drawing system. MacDraft is a feature-rich and flexible 2D CAD software for architects, engineers and construction services as well as professional CAD users, designers, educators and hobbyists.

MacDraft was first released in 1984 by Innovative Data design.  A later version was called Dreams, but this nomenclature did not last long. The MacDraft program was later acquired by Microspot, an English software company, and its latest version is called MacDraft Professional. Microspot also releases a Windows version called PC Draft. Microspot are still developing and selling MacDraft now.

References

External links
MacDraft Pro official webpage
 MacDraft PE official webpage

1984 software
Computer-aided design software
Nissan Sakura. The  is a battery electric kei car marketed by Nissan and produced by NMKV. Named after the national flower of Japan, it was introduced on 20 May 2022 as the first battery electric kei car from Nissan. It is developed and manufactured alongside the Mitsubishi eK X EV (pronounced "EK Cross"), which shares its body structure with the petrol-powered eK X (also sold as the Nissan Dayz). The only external shared parts are the windshield, door handles, and wing mirrors. Its design was previewed by the IMk concept which was showcased in 2019. Mitsubishi's internal model code is B6AW, while Nissan refers to it as the KE0.

The vehicle is powered by a single electric motor with a maximum output of  and a maximum torque of  with a top speed of . The battery storage uses a 20 kWh lithium-ion unit with an estimated WLTC range of . Grade levels available are S, X and G, with S being intended for commercial users, the X being more comfortably equipped for private buyers, and the G being the most luxurious variant, with a variety of driving aids and adaptive LED headlights amongst other standard equipment. The S omits the fabric covered dashboard amongst other creature comforts, and can easily be recognized by its steel wheels with full wheel covers. The Sakura has been sold in Japan since mid-2022.

In December 2022, the Sakura alongside the Mitsubishi eK X EV received the 2022–2023 Japan Car of the Year award. The two were also named kei cars of the year.

Sales

References

External links 

 

Sakura
Cars introduced in 2022
Kei cars
Hatchbacks
Front-wheel-drive vehicles
Production electric cars
Electric city cars
CA-class submarine. The CA class were a group of midget submarines built for the Italian Navy during World War II.

Design

These submarines were designed by the Caproni Company and built in great secrecy. They were originally designed for coast defence but later modified as clandestine attack craft similar to the British X craft.

Boats

Service 
In 1942, after the United States entered the war, Junio Valerio Borghese, commander of the Decima MAS (the Italian Navy's special operations unit), devised a plan to attack New York Harbor using a CA type midget submarine and commando frogmen. The midget submarine would be transported across the Atlantic by being carried on the deck of a larger submarine. The Italian submarine  was chosen for the task and modified at the Italian base in Bordeaux (BETASOM). CA 2 was transported by rail from Italy and trials, which were conducted near La Pallice, were supervised by Borghese himself during late 1942. Leonardo Da Vinci was sunk in May 1943 before the operation could be carried out. No new boat was available and the Italian Armistice stopped further planning.

See also
 Italian submarines of World War II

References

Bibliography
 Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922-46
 Kemp, Paul: Underwater Warriors (1996, Arms & Armour Press)

External links
 Classe CA Marina Militare website

Submarine classes
Submarines of the Regia Marina
Midget submarines
 CA class
Caproni
De Havilland Hyena. The de Havilland DH.56 Hyena was a prototype British army cooperation aircraft of the 1920s. A single-engined biplane, the Hyena was designed against an RAF requirement, but was unsuccessful with only two being built, the Armstrong Whitworth Atlas being preferred.

Development and design
The DH.56 Hyena was developed to meet the requirements of Air Ministry Specification 30/24 for an Army Cooperation aircraft to equip Britain's Royal Air Force.  It was a development of de Havilland's earlier DH.42B Dingo, and like the Dingo, was a single-engined two-bay biplane carrying a crew of two.  It was armed with a forward-firing Vickers machine gun and a Lewis gun operated by the observer.  A hook to pick up messages was fitted beneath the fuselage, while the aircraft was also equipped for photography, artillery spotting, supply dropping and bombing.

The first Hyena flew on 17 May 1925, powered by a 385 hp (287 kW) Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar III radial engine. With this engine it was underpowered, and was quickly re-engined with a 422 hp (315 kW) Jaguar IV before it was submitted for official testing (which was against the requirements of Specification 20/25, which had superseded 30/24).  The two prototype Hyenas were tested against the other competitors for the RAF's orders, the Armstrong Whitworth Atlas, the Bristol Bloodhound  and the Vickers Vespa, including field evaluation with No. 4 Squadron RAF. Handling close to the ground was found to be difficult, with a poor view from the cockpit, and the orders went to the Atlas, with the Hyena being abandoned, being used for testing at the Royal Aircraft Establishment, Farnborough until 1928.

Specifications (Jaguar IV)

See also

Notes

References

Jackson, A.J. De Havilland Aircraft since 1909. London:Putnam, Third edition 1987. .
 Mason, Francis K. The British Bomber since 1914. London:Putnam, 1994. .

External links

De Havilland Hyena

1920s British bomber aircraft
Hyena
Single-engined piston aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Haider Abbas Rizvi. Syed Haider Abbas Rizvi (), (born, 1 January 1968, in Karachi) is a Pakistani-Canadian former politician and the former deputy parliamentary leader of MQM who had been the member of National Assembly of Pakistan from 2008 to 2012. Previously, he served as member of National Assembly of Pakistan from 2002 to 2008.

Education

Rizvi has completed his M.Sc. degree in Applied Chemistry in 1992 from the University of Karachi and M.Sc. Chemical Engineering in 1998 from University of Detroit Mercy, U.S.A. He is an Engineering Management Consultant by profession. He is also qualified as a lead Auditor for ISO 9000, Lead Auditor for ISO 14000 and has attended a wide range of management training courses. He was also a former director of Pakistan National Shipping Corporation (PNSC).

Political career 
He was first elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan as a candidate of Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) from constituency NA-244 (Karachi-VI) in 2002 Pakistani general election by receiving  by 54,101 votes.

He was re-elected to the National Assembly as a candidate of MQM from constituency NA-253 (Karachi-XV) in 2008 Pakistani general election receiving 96,973 votes.

He resigned from his National Assembly seat in December 2012 due to having dual nationality.

Personal life

Haidar Abbas Rizvi has two sons and two daughters. He has travelled to the Georgia, Tanzania, Estonia and Ivory Coast. His interests include reading Urdu literature, writing Urdu poetry, playing cricket and chess. He is a member of Young Parliamentarians Forum (YPF) Pakistan. He currently is employed as  an Uber driver in Canada.

Awards

References 

Living people
1969 births
Muhajir people
Muttahida Qaumi Movement politicians
Pakistani Shia Muslims
Pakistani emigrants to Canada
University of Karachi alumni
University of Detroit Mercy alumni
Politicians from Karachi
Naturalized citizens of Canada
Josef Kozeny. Josef Alexander Kozeny (February 25, 1889 – April 19, 1967) was an Austrian hydraulic engineer and physicist. Today he is mainly remembered for the Kozeny–Carman equation which describes fluid flowing through a packed bed of solids.

Education

Born in Josefstadt, Bohemia, Kozeny moved to Prague to study at the German Technical University.  He later moved to Vienna to study at the University of Agricultural Sciences.

Career

In 1922, he was appointed professor at the University of Tartu in Estonia.
In 1924, he became a professor at the University of Agricultural Sciences in Vienna.
In 1929 he got a second habilitation, this time at College of Technology (TH Wien), now TU Wien.
Since 1930 he had lectures at TH Wien.
In 1935 he lectured „Wasserbau III - Anlagen des städt. Tiefbaus und ldw. Wasserbau“, „Enzyklop. der Ing.wissenschaften für Architektur“ and „Enzyklop. der Ing.wissensch. für Vermessungswesen“ at TH Wien.
On the first January 1940 he got  Professor, of Hydraulics and Hydraulic Engineering („Verkehrswasserbau, städt. Tiefbau und ldw. Wasserbau“) at TH Wien.
On the first of February 1941 he got  Professor at TH Wien.
He was designated Professor Emeritus in 1959.

He became a member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in 1958 and received an honorary doctorate in 1965.

Kozeny published a textbook, “Hydraulics”, in 1953, a book which became a standard in the field.  He was best known for his contribution to the Kozeny-Carman equation.  Used to calculate the flow of a liquid through a packed bed of solids, the equation was first proposed by Kozeny in 1927 and later modified by Philip Carman.

Notes

Further reading
 

Austrian physicists
1967 deaths
1889 births
Physicist
FalconStor Software. FalconStor Software, Inc. is a data management software company based in Austin, Texas.

History 
FalconStor was co-founded in 2000 in New York by Computer Associates veterans ReiJane Huai and Wayne Lam. In 2007 the company started a joint-venture with the Chinese Academy of Sciences for the Blue Whale file system.
The joint venture was named Tianjin Zhongke Blue Whale Information Technologies Company, located in Tianjin, China. FalconStor was listed at #5 in the Forbes 2008 list of 25 fastest growing technology companies. In August 2009, FalconStor, in a  joint-venture with Nexsan to create the co-branded DeDupe SG. In 2011 CRN added FalconStor to their List of 25 “Need to Know: Storage Vendors”.

In 2012, the company agreed to pay $5.8 US million as part as a federal investigation settlement, after it has admitted that its employees gave more than $300,000 in bribes to executives at JPMorgan Chase with restricted stock shares and golf memberships in exchange for contracts. The company was further charged with falsifying its corporate books and records associated with the bribery.

On September 25, 2017, FalconStor was delisted from Nasdaq Capital Market. The company's stock is traded on OTC Markets Group’s OTCQB Venture Market.

In June 2020, FalconStor partners with Hitachi Content Platform (HCP) to provide end-to - end data management and backup solutions.

Personnel 
On August 17, 2017, FalconStor appointed Todd Brooks as CEO. Previously, he served as COO of ESW Capital companies Aurea Software and Trilogy.

In 2018, FalconStor moved its headquarters to Austin, Texas, and hired Brad Wolfe, former CFO for Asure Software, as CFO.

Products 
In 2019, FalconStor launched its Data Mastery software platform (a rebrand of its FreeStor product).

In May 2020, FalconStor Software announced a new tool named StorSafe, an enterprise-class permanent data storage container that combines with existing recovery applications and archive processes.

References

External links

Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq
Companies traded over-the-counter in the United States
Software companies based in New York (state)
Software companies based in Texas
Software companies established in 2000
2000 establishments in New York (state)
Companies based in Austin, Texas
Software companies of the United States