omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Brennan Helicopter. The Brennan Helicopter was a British rotary wing aircraft, developed by the Irish engineer and inventor Louis Brennan between the late 1910s and the mid-1920s. The helicopter was powered by a central engine through shafts to propellers mounted on two of the rotor blades.

Design and development
Louis Brennan became interested in helicopters in the 1910s.  In 1916 he submitted a patent application entitled "Improvements Relating to Aerial Navigation", with that being granted to him on 10 December 1918. From 1919 to 1926 he was engaged by the Air Ministry at the Royal Aircraft Establishment, Farnborough to develop the helicopter. Though not formally named, the craft is referred to as the Brennan Helicopter.

As originally built, the helicopter featured a two-bladed rotor, and was powered by a centrally located Bentley engine which drove four-bladed pusher propellers on each blade. A pyramidal structure acted as the mount for the engine and the blades and rotated, as a single unit, around a vertical axle.  Sited below that structure was a small streamlined fuselage, containing the pilot, and an undercarriage that consisted of four landing pads mounted outboard on struts.  Directional control was meant to be achieved by ailerons incorporated into the outboard end of each blade.

Operational history
The first tethered flights took place, inside a hangar at Farnborough, in December 1921. Stability and control tests showed that  use of the ailerons on the blades was insufficient. The craft was then modified to address those issues, with a pair of smaller, auxiliary, blades being added to the rotor.

Outdoor testing commenced in May 1924, and continued till 1926. During that two year time period, the helicopter made 70 flights, consisting mostly of short hovers and transitions to horizontal flight. Flights averaged about 3 minutes in duration, with one traversing about . The helicopter's stability and control issues were never resolved. One test flight in October 1925 ended when a rotor blade touched the ground, causing considerable damage.

The project was discontinued in 1926 when the Air Ministry withdrew funding, with them preferring to focus further rotary wing activities on craft like the Cierva autogiro.

Specifications

See also

References

1920s British helicopters
Aircraft first flown in 1921
Single-engined piston helicopters
Aircraft with fixed quad landing gear
Ye Minghan. Ye Minghan (; 2 April 1925 – 4 October 2024) was a Chinese physicist who served as director of the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from 1984 to 1988, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He was a member of the China Democratic League.

Early life and career 
Ye was born into an intellectual Family in Shanghai on 2 April 1925. His uncle Ye Qisun was an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He attended Sasaipo Elementary School (), Affiliated Middle School of Aurora University (now Shanghai Xiangming High School), and  Affiliated High School of Utopia University (now Shanghai Datong High School). 

Ye transferred to the Affiliated High School of the Normal College of Central University in 1942 and enrolled at National Southwestern Associated University in 1944. In April 1944, Ye participated in the Youth Expeditionary Force and was assigned to the First Temporary Automobile Regiment of the Chinese Army stationed in British India.

In May 1946, Ye was accepted to the School of Science, Tsinghua University, and worked at the Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences after graduating in 1950. Ye was an assistant researcher at the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1953 and subsequently assistant researcher at the Institute of Atomic Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1958.

In 1964, Ye went to the countryside to participate in the socialist education movement and was sent to the May Seventh Cadre Schools to do farm works in Qianjiang County (now Qianjiang), Hubei in 1969. 

Ye was reinstated as an associate researcher of the Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1973 and rose to become director in 1984. Ye was a visiting scholar at Princeton University in 1979, visiting professor at the University of Utah in 1981, and visiting professor at Brookhaven National Laboratory from 1990 to 1993.

Personal life and death 
Ye was married to Yin Weiyi ().

On 4 October 2024, Ye died in Beijing at the age of 99.

Honours and awards 
 1990 State Science and Technology Progress Award (Special Prize) for the Beijing Electron Positron Collider and Beijing Spectrometer.
 1995 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)

References 

1925 births
2024 deaths
Scientists from Shanghai
Engineers from Shanghai
National Southwestern Associated University alumni
Tsinghua University alumni
Members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
20th-century Chinese engineers
21st-century Chinese engineers
Hunt Rotary Aeroplane. The Hunt Rotary Aeroplane was an American tandem-rotor helicopter built in 1910. It did not fly.

In 1910 A. E. Hunt, a blacksmith, resident in Jetmore, Kansas, designed and built a helicopter, which was referred to as a Rotary Aeroplane. The craft was described as being of all-metal construction, made of pipe, tin sheets and angle iron. It's been variously estimated to weigh between 4,000 and 8,800 lbs (1,800 and 4,000 kg). It was equipped with a  six-cylinder engine. The fuselage consisted of an open framework, with a flat floor, vertical sides, and an arched canopy. It was equipped with a four-wheeled undercarriage.

Each rotor, arranged in tandem, consisted of a set of blades surrounded by a shallow shroud made of sheet tin. The axles of each rotor could be pivoted forward, to achieve forward movement. A pilot, located centrally within the fuselage, could alter the collective pitch of the blades in each rotor, and also control a vertical rudder that was attached to the rear of the fuselage.

The only known image of the Hunt Rotary Aeroplane appears to show it at the intersection of Roughton Street and West Highway Street in Jetmore, with the camera facing east.

Initial attempts to fly the Rotary Aeroplane proved unsuccessful. Later tests carried out by A. E. Hunt confirmed that the apparatus was able to lift , though that was insufficient to achieve flight. It was subsequently reported that the Rotary Aeroplane had been sold for scrap, and that Hunt had started work on a second flying machine, but that it was not completed.

See also

References

1910s United States helicopters
Single-engined piston helicopters
Tandem rotor helicopters
Unflown aircraft
Aircraft with fixed quad landing gear
Intent-based network. Intent-Based Networking (IBN) is an approach to network management that shifts the focus from manually configuring individual devices to specifying desired outcomes or business objectives, referred to as "intents".

Description 
Rather than relying on low-level commands to configure the network, administrators define these high-level intents, and the network dynamically adjusts itself to meet these requirements. IBN simplifies the management of complex networks by ensuring that the network infrastructure aligns with the desired operational goals. For example, an implementer can explicitly state a network purpose with a policy such as "Allow hosts A and B to communicate with X bandwidth capacity" without the need to understand the detailed mechanisms of the underlying devices (e.g. switches), topology or routing configurations.

Architecture 

Advances in Natural Language Understanding (NLU) systems, along with neural network-based algorithms like BERT, RoBERTa, GLUE, and ERNIE, have enabled the conversion of user queries into structured representations that can be processed by automated services. This capability is crucial for managing the increasing complexity of network services. Intent-Based Networking (IBN) leverages these advancements to simplify network management by abstracting network services, reducing operational complexity, and lowering costs.

A proposed three-layered architecture integrates intent-based automation into network management systems. In the business layer, intents are based on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) and Service Level Agreements (SLAs), reflecting business objectives. The intent layer evaluates and re-plans actions dynamically, where a Knowledge module abstracts and reasons about intents, while an Agent interfaces with network objects to execute actions. The data layer observes network objects, updates topology information, and interacts with the Knowledge and Agent modules to ensure accurate and timely responses to network changes. At the bottom, the network layer contains the physical infrastructure, transforming network data into a usable format for the intent layer to act upon.

References

Network management
Computer networks
1st Fleet Minehunter Force. The 1st Fleet Minehunter Force ( abbreviated as Satran Koarmada I) is part of the Indonesian 1st Fleet Sea Combat Group and the Command for operational development under the 1st Fleet Command. The 1st Fleet Minehunter Force is responsible for developing combat strength and capabilities in mine warfare and anti-air warfare to enhance combat effectiveness, particularly in the field of mine warfare. Additionally, this force removes or detonates naval mines to eliminate threats posed by them and ensures waterways remain clear for safe navigation or military operations

Orde of Battle 
 KRI Pulau Rusa (726)
 KRI Pulau Rangsang (727)

Referensi 

1st Fleet Command
Beni Suef Air Base. Beni Suef Air Base is an Egyptian Air Force airbase located within Beni Suef Governorate, Egypt.

The air base is home to No. 55 Squadron as part of 547 Air Wing of the 119 Air Division which flies the Mil Mi-17V-5. It is also home to No. 70 Squadron which flies the General Dynamics F-16C/D Fighting Falcon as part of 242 Tactical Fighter Wing of 149 Air Division, No. 94 Squadron which flies the Hongdu K-8E of 770 Tactical Fighting Wing of 149 Air Division and a detachment from No. 87 Squadron which flies the Grumman E-2C Hawkeye as part of 601 Air Wing of the 159 Air Division.

References

Egyptian Air Force bases
DMS-K. DMS-K dual missile platform is an Egyptian anti-tank missile carrier based on the Toyota Land Cruiser 79 Single Cab pick-up. It employs the 9M113M Konkurs-M missiles. It was unveiled at the EDEX 2023 and developed by the Arab International Optronics in cooperation with the Arab Organization for Industrialization, tailored for special forces. It can carry up to eight missiles.

Design 
The system is intended for engaging main battle tanks and light armoured vehicles on the front lines. It is a highly effective anti-tank system that takes advantage of the rapid mobility and maneuverability of the Toyota Land Cruiser vehicle, as well as its ability to move on difficult terrains.

The system has two missiles ready for use with capability for two missile launches before reloading, with full control possible from inside the vehicle. The system retains the capabilities of the Konkurs ATGM, ensuring precise target engagement within a range of up to 4 km. The system also offers the functionality to record firings for subsequent analysis.

The system has a horizontal movement limit of 270° and a vertical movement range from -5° to 10°. It achieves readiness in 3 seconds following an automatic self-check, with a 2-second preparation time for launching a second missile. Operating on 12 volts/10 amperes, the system weighs 250 kg and features a 10x zoom capability with HDMI resolution.

Egypt is one of the largest operators of the Konkurs ATGM system in the region, having acquired more than 10,000 missiles from the Soviet Union since the 1980s. The country also produces its own version of the missile, called the Sakr.

Operating through a semi-automatic control system, with command transmission via wires, the missile offers a maximum range of 4,000 m and a minimum range of 100 m, day or night. The Konkurs-M variant includes a tandem warhead with an extended nose probe designed to neutralize explosive reactive armor (ERA) before activating the main warhead. It is guided by both semi-automatic and wire-guided guidance system. It can effectively neutralize 750-800 mm armour even behind ERA.

The Konkurs-equipped Land Cruiser will best serve mechanized troops in support of an armoured formation against enemy troops with heavy armoured presence.

The associated launcher unit, 9P135, is a tripod launcher that can be pintle-mounted on vehicles, as showcased by the DMS-K system. Additional accessories, such as the thermal imager 1PN65, can be integrated for engagements at ranges up to 2,500 m. The system incorporates features like an incandescent infrared bulb for tracking, an alarm system to detect jamming, and the capability for manual control if necessary.

Operators

References 

Military vehicles introduced in the 2020s
Anti-tank missile carrier
Armoured fighting vehicles of Egypt
Baffle blocks. Baffle blocks are concrete structures with different shapes, for example trapezoidal, used in flowing water to reduce its force. They are arranged in several rows in stilling basins. They are used in spillways and dams, in irrigation systems, to protect fishes in rivers with hydrotechnical installations, to improve sediment deposition, as a solution to scouring in hydraulic projects and in flood control.

See also
 Slosh baffle

References

Fluid dynamics
Stormwater management
Soil erosion
Central Tibet Networking Project. The Central Tibet Networking Project (), or HVDC Central Tibet, encompasses the Central Tibet and Chamdo Grid Networking Project, along with the power supply initiative for the Lhasa to Nyingchi segment of the Sichuan–Tibet railway, commencing in Markam County of Chamdo City and concluding in Sangri County of Shannan, traversing ten districts and counties across three cities and regions. The project's overall investment amounts to around 16.2 billion RMB, encompassing 16 new and expanded substations of 110kV and above, along with 2,738 kilometers of new lines of 110kV and above. It finalized and was operational by 2018. The Central Tibet Networking Project integrates nearly 80,000 individuals from the Bomê County, Zayu County, and Mêdog County onto the primary grid, achieving comprehensive coverage of the main electricity grid in Nyingchi.

Project History 
In 2011 and 2014, Tibet finalized the Qinghai-Tibet Networking Project and the Sichuan-Tibet Networking Project, respectively, effectively addressing the power deficiency in central and eastern Tibet; however, the backbone network infrastructure of Tibet remained unconnected throughout the entire region. 

In November 2018, the Central Tibet connectivity Project was finalized and integrated into the grid, achieving the connectivity of the Qinghai-Tibet Interconnection Project and the Sichuan-Tibet Interconnection Project. The completion of the central Tibet interconnection project signifies the preliminary establishment of the primary framework for the 500 kV grid in Tibet, ushering the Tibet power grid into the ultra-high voltage era. The Central Tibet Networking Project facilitates long-term access to a railroad traction station and effectively ensures the power supply requirements for the Sichuan–Tibet railway and Yunnan-Tibet railway.

This Project in the Tibet Autonomous Region was awarded the 2021 FIDIC Engineering Project Excellence Award.

See also 
Qinghai-Tibet Networking Project
Sichuan-Tibet Networking Project
Ngari Networking Project

References  

Energy infrastructure completed in 2018
HVDC transmission lines
Electric power infrastructure in China
2018 establishments in China
Economy of Tibet
Ngari Networking Project. The Ngari Networking Project (), or HVDC Ngari, sometimes referred to as the Ngari-Central Tibet Grid Networking Project, is a 500 kV transmission and substation initiative that commenced operations on December 4, 2020.

Project Chronology 
The Ngari Networking Project, with a maximum altitude of 5,357 meters and an average altitude of 4,572 meters, presents an exceptionally harsh construction environment and perilous road conditions, rendering it the highest, most challenging, and most arduous 500 kV power transmission and substation project globally.

The project entails a total expenditure of 7.4 billion yuan, with building scheduled to commence in September 2019. The project commences at the Doling 220 kV substation in Samzhubzê, Shigatse City, and concludes at the 220 kV Barr substation in Gar County, Ngari Prefecture. It traverses 10 districts and counties across 2 prefectures and cities in Tibet, incorporating 6 new 500 kV and 220 kV substations, with an overall transmission line length of 1,689 kilometers. This is the fourth power transmission and transformation project in Tibet, following the Qinghai-Tibet, Sichuan-Tibet, and Central Tibet Networking Projects. The commissioning of the Ngari Power Interconnection Project concludes the era of isolated grid operation in the Ngari region, signifying the establishment of a cohesive 500 kV power grid at the subnational level in mainland China. Consequently, Tibet has entered a new phase of a unified power grid encompassing 7 cities and 74 counties (districts) in the area, which has significantly bolstered Tibet's energy development potential and economic growth capacity.

References

Energy infrastructure completed in 2020
HVDC transmission lines
Electric power infrastructure in China
2020 establishments in China
Economy of Tibet
UMPB D-30SN. The UMPB D-30SN is a Russian precision guided glide bomb, also known as the "Universal Interspecific Glide Munition". It consists of a folding wing and aerodynamic surfaces on a cruciform tail, enabling it to glide towards its target from greater standoff ranges compared to conventional "dumb" bombs such as the FAB-250. This allows the launching aircraft to engage targets from greater distances, minimizing risk to the aircraft, and reduces sortie times. It uses both GLONASS satellite navigation and internal navigation systems, improving accuracy over extended distances. It is comparable to the US made GBU-39/B.

Design 
The weapon consists of a cruciform tail, streamlined body and folding wings, which are stowed before launch, lying flush with the body. The weapon is attached inverted to the aircraft, rotating itself after launch. The weapon's overall appearance is more streamlined compared to the UMPK bomb kit also in service with the Russian Air Force. It uses a GLONASS system and an inertial navigation unit for guidance, with a Kometa-M satellite receiver providing improved jam resistance. The Kometa receiver significantly improves ECCM capability, reducing supression radius by 100-300 times. According to Oleksii Hetman, the accuracy of the system is claimed to be 7–8 meters, however "in practice, it turns out to be around 15"

The weapon may also be equipped with an additional engine to enhance its range.

History
The weapon was first seen in public in March 2024. From March 27 to May 7th, an estimated 671 bombs were produced.

Now established in Russian service, the bomb exerts additional pressure on already strained Ukrainian air defence systems, with strikes occurring outside of the range of most Ukrainian anti-air systems.

Operational use
The weapons were first used on March 26, 2024, to attack the Ukrainian city of Kharkiv. The strike resulted in one fatality and 19 injuries.

On 25 May, two UMPB D-30SN bombs were dropped on Kharkiv. One bomb struck a supermarket, where 200 people were present, resulting in 60 deaths and 40 injuries.

On 30 August, five UMPB D-30SN bombs were dropped on Kharkiv. Five people were killed, and 59 others were injured. Ten residential buildings and an educational institution were damaged. The attack was condemned by the United States ambassador to Ukraine, Bridget Brink.

On 5 October 2024, an out of control Sukhoi S-70 Okhotnik-B drone was deliberately shot down by a Russian Sukhoi Su-57 and crashed on the Ukrainian side of the front line. The wreckage included a D-30SN nose cone, indicating that the S-70 was performing operational bombing trials in the region.

See also 
UMPK (bomb kit)
GBU-39 Small Diameter Bomb

References 

Post–Cold War weapons of Russia
Aerial bombs of Russia
Guided bombs
Military equipment introduced in the 2020s
Tan Ruisong. Tan Ruisong (; born February 1962) is a former Chinese executive and engineer. He was investigated by China's top anti-graft agency in August 2024. Previously he served as chairman and party branch secretary of the Aviation Industry Corporation of China, China's dominant aircraft maker. He was a member of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

Early life and education 
Tan was born in Jilin City, Jilin, in February 1962, while his ancestral home in You County, Hunan. He received his bachelor's degree from Beihang University in 1983, and his master's degree in naval architecture and marine engineering in 2002 and doctor's degree in management science and engineering in 2006 from Harbin Engineering University.

Career 
Tan began his career at Harbin Dong'an Automotive Engine Manufacturing Company (now Harbin Dong'an Auto Engine Co., Ltd.) since 1983. He moved up the ranks to become deputy chief engineer in September 1994, deputy general manager in June 1995, and general manager in August 1998.

Tan was chairman and party secretary of Harbin Aviation Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. in April 2004 and subsequently deputy general manager of AVIC II in September of that same year.

In July 2008, Tan became deputy general manager of the Aviation Industry Corporation of China, rising to general manager in March 2012. In March 2018, he was chosen as chairman and party branch secretary of the company, and held that office until March 2023.

Downfall 
On 30 August 2024, Tan was suspected of "serious violations of laws and regulations" by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI), the party's internal disciplinary body, and the National Supervisory Commission, the highest anti-corruption agency of China.

References 

1962 births
Living people
People from Jilin City
Beihang University alumni
Harbin Engineering University alumni
21st-century Chinese businesspeople
Businesspeople from Jilin
Chinese chief executives
Members of the 13th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
Electricity aggregator. An electricity aggregator is defined by the International Renewable Energy Agency as: "Aggregators are a new market player that can optimise the use of distributed energy resources."

In EU the term "aggregator" was introduced with EU-directive 2019/944 on common rules for the internal market for electricity. The aggregator is an actor that combines small resources and aggregates their inherent flexibility so that the combined aggregated flexibility is big enough to us for explicit flexibility, such as the ancillary services. The aggregated resources can also be used to facilitate implicit flexibility, for example to optimize the connected resources according to the day ahead-price.

References 

Electricity markets
Electricity economics
Ammonium hexachloroselenate(IV). Ammonium hexachloroselenate(IV) is an inorganic chemical compound with the chemical formula .

Synthesis
Reaction of ammonium chloride and selenium tetrachloride:

Physical properties
Ammonium hexachloroselenate forms yellow crystals of the cubic system, space group Fm3m. Cell parameters are a = 0,9955 nm, Z = 4.

The compound demonstrates a phase transition at a temperature of 24 K.

It is soluble in water.

References 

Selenites
Chloro complexes
Ammonium compounds
Chlorometallates