omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Bell 360 Invictus. The Bell 360 Invictus was a proposed helicopter design intended to meet the United States Army requirement for a Future Attack Reconnaissance Aircraft (FARA). It is based on technology from the Bell 525 Relentless.

Design and development
Scott C. Donnelly, CEO of Textron, has said in April 2019 that the Bell 360 will be based on the Bell 525. The 360 and 525 will share an articulated rotor system, although the 360, which will only seat two (a pilot and gunner), will use a single engine and a four-blade rotor, whereas the 525 uses twin engines and a five-blade rotor and has a nineteen-passenger capacity. Bell has since announced it is developing the 360 with Collins Aerospace, and the Sierra Nevada Corporation is developing the mission systems for the aircraft.

The design was unveiled on 1 October 2019, showing a two-seat tandem cockpit, with sighting optics and/or laser designator above a 20mm cannon gun turret at the chin position below the cockpit, mid-mounted stub wings below the shrouded rotor hub and four  diameter rotor blades, an active horizontal stabilizer and a tilted and shrouded tail rotor. Missiles are mounted on integrated launchers. The rotor diameter is dictated by US Army requirements, which specified that maximum diameter for FARA candidates to allow the rotorcraft to fit between buildings on future battlefields. Its main engine will be a single General Electric T901 turboshaft engine, with supplemental power from a Pratt & Whitney PW207D1 turboshaft.

The US Army requirement calls for a cruising speed in excess of , and the 360 is intended to meet this; the Bell 525 rotor system has been tested to exceed . The stub wings are intended to provide lift equivalent to approximately 50% of the weight of the aircraft at moderate to high speed. Combat radius will be  with at least 90 minutes time on station. It will use fly-by-wire control.

Bell unveiled a full-scale mockup of the 360 at the Association of the United States Army annual show beginning 14 October 2019.

On 8 February 2024, the US Army ended development on Future Attack Reconnaissance Aircraft (FARA) program, with Army Chief of Staff Randy George saying the decision was influenced by the use of inexpensive unmanned systems in the Russo-Ukrainian War, putting the service's long-term aviation plans in doubt.

Specifications (Bell 360)

See also

References

External links

Bell aircraft
Single-turbine helicopters
United States military helicopters
Fantail helicopters
2020s United States helicopters
2020s United States attack aircraft
Cancelled military aircraft projects of the United States
Single-rotor helicopters
Aircraft with retractable conventional landing gear
Bismuth (disambiguation). Bismuth is a metallic chemical element with symbol Bi and atomic number 83.

Bismuth may also refer to:

Entertainment
 "Bismuth" (Steven Universe), an episode of Steven Universe
 Bismuth, a character in Steven Universe (see List of Steven Universe characters)

People
Bismuth is also a French-language surname. People with the name include:
 David Bismuth (born 1975), French classical pianist
  (born 1934), French surgeon
  (1889–1916), French sergeant
 Joseph Bismuth (1926–2019), Tunisian businessman and senator
  (born 1973), French artist
 Nadine Bismuth (born 1975), Canadian short story writer and writer
 Patrick Bismuth (born 1954), French classical violinist and conductor
 Pierre Bismuth (born 1963), French artist and filmmaker
  (born 1996), French singer
  (born 1938), French-Tunisian historian

See also

 Isotopes of bismuth
 Bi (disambiguation)
  (1891–1965), French-Tunisian painter
Yiqun Lisa Yin. Yiqun Lisa Yin () is a Chinese-American cryptographer and independent security consultant. Yin is known for breaking the SHA-1 cryptographic hash function, for developing the RC6 block cipher, and for her service as editor of the IEEE P1363 project for the standardization of public-key cryptography.

Education and career
Yin was a student at Peking University from 1985 to 1989, and earned a bachelor's degree in applied mathematics there. She went to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for graduate study, and completed her Ph.D. there in applied mathematics in 1994. Her dissertation, Teaching, Learning, and Exploration, concerned computational learning theory and online algorithms; it was supervised by Michael Sipser.

She worked as a researcher at RSA Laboratories from 1994 to 1999, and as director of security technologies at NTT's Palo Alto Laboratory for Multimedia Communications from 1999 to 2002, before becoming an independent consultant. She also worked as a visiting researcher at Princeton University and Tsinghua University. From 2016 to 2019, Yin was the chief security officer and chief cryptographer of Symbiont.

Contributions
Yin was the editor of the IEEE P1363 project for the standardization of public-key cryptography. With Ron Rivest, Matt Robshaw, and Ray Sidney, she was one of the designers of RC6, a block cipher with symmetric keys that was one of five finalists for the 1997–2000 Advanced Encryption Standard competition.

In 2005, with Wang Xiaoyun and Hongbo Yu, Yin demonstrated an unexpected high probability of collisions (two different data values with the same hash) in the SHA-1 cryptographic hash function, originally designed by the National Security Agency.
Their work caused SHA-1 to be considered as broken, and it has since fallen out of use.

References

External links
Home page at MIT

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Chinese mathematicians
20th-century American mathematicians
21st-century American mathematicians
American cryptographers
Chinese cryptographers
Peking University alumni
American women cryptographers
20th-century American women mathematicians
21st-century American women mathematicians
Constraints (journal). Constraints is a quarterly peer-reviewed, scientific journal, focused on constraint programming, constraint satisfaction and optimization. It is published by Springer and was founded in 1996. Its 2018 impact factor is 1.106.

Abstracting and indexing 
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:

References 

Computer science journals
English-language journals
Academic journals established in 1996
Springer Science+Business Media academic journals
Quarterly journals
Han Qiwei. Han Qiwei (; 2 November 1933 – 1 October 2019) was a Chinese hydraulic engineer and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

Biography
Han was born in Songzi, Hubei, on 2 November 1933. In 1956 he graduated from today's Wuhan University. From 1962 to 1980 he worked at the River Research Laboratory, Changjiang Academy of Sciences. He worked at China Water Conservancy and Hydropower Research Institute since 1980. He was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) in 2001. He died of illness in Beijing, aged 86.

References

1933 births
2019 deaths
People from Jingzhou
Wuhan University alumni
Members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
Engineers from Hubei
OpenVINO. OpenVINO is an open-source software toolkit for optimizing and deploying deep learning models. It enables programmers to develop scalable and efficient AI solutions with relatively few lines of code. It supports several popular model formats and categories, such as large language models, computer vision, and generative AI.

Actively developed by Intel, it prioritizes high-performance inference on Intel hardware but also supports ARM/ARM64 processors and encourages contributors to add new devices to the portfolio.

Based in C++, it offers the following APIs: C/C++, Python, and Node.js (an early preview).

OpenVINO is cross-platform and free for use under Apache License 2.0.

Workflow
The simplest OpenVINO usage involves obtaining a model and running it as is. Yet for the best results, a more complete workflow is suggested:

 obtain a model in one of supported frameworks,
 convert the model to OpenVINO IR using the OpenVINO Converter tool,
 optimize the model, using training-time or post-training options provided by OpenVINO's NNCF.
 execute inference, using OpenVINO Runtime by specifying one of several inference modes.

OpenVINO model format 
OpenVINO IR is the default format used to run inference. It is saved as a set of two files, *.bin and *.xml, containing weights and topology, respectively. It is obtained by converting a model from one of the supported frameworks, using the application's API or a dedicated converter.

Models of the supported formats may also be used for inference directly, without prior conversion to OpenVINO IR. Such an approach is more convenient but offers fewer optimization options and lower performance, since the conversion is performed automatically before inference. Some pre-converted models can be found in the Hugging Face repository.

The supported model formats are:
 PyTorch
 TensorFlow
 TensorFlow Lite
 ONNX (including formats that may be serialized to ONNX)
 PaddlePaddle
 JAX/Flax

OS support 
OpenVINO runs on Windows, Linux and MacOS.

See also
 Comparison of deep learning software

References 

 
 
 

Applied machine learning
Free statistical software
Netdata. Netdata is a partially open source tool designed to collect real-time metrics, such as CPU usage, disk activity, bandwidth usage, website visits, etc., and then display them in live, easy-to-interpret charts.

Overview
Netdata consists of a daemon that, when executed, is responsible for collecting and displaying information in real-time.

It is mostly written in C, Python and JavaScript, and aims to use minimal system resources.

It can be run on any Linux system to monitor any system or application, and is capable of running on PCs, servers, and embedded Linux devices.

Features
Netdata is designed to be installed on a system without interrupting any of the applications running on it. It operates according to the memory requirements specified by the user, using only idle CPU cycles. Once the application begins, it will not perform disk I/O beyond logging. The tool saves to disk at the end of its execution and reloads at startup.

By default it contains certain plugins that collect key system metrics, but its behavior is extensible by using its plugin API.

Graphics generated by Netdata can be embedded into web pages. It has an interface with customizable themes and can be manually configured by the user with HTML.

There are no dependencies, as it operates as its own web server, with static web files.

Starting with v1.12, Netdata collects anonymous usage information by default and sends it to Google Analytics, a feature which can be disabled via manual configuration.

Operation
When executing the daemon on Linux using the netdata command, threads are generated that collect information from each resource, using internal and/or external plugins. In turn, it keeps a record of the values collected in memory (without doing any Disk I/O).

It operates as a stand-alone web server for its own static files, necessary for the representation of its dashboards. It provides a REST API so that the browser can access the information.
	
Each installation of the application works autonomously. Although different running instances of the application can be saved to one dashboard, every Netdata instance is independent. Only the browser can connect all installations of different systems, unifying graphics from different sources as if they came from the same server.

Development 
Netdata is currently maintained by nearly 400 contributors, all helping (at various levels) to serve the thousands of individual users and businesses who utilize this tool.

The user with the most contributions is currently Costa Tsaousis, the CEO and Founder of Netdata, with over 600,000 additions to the code. The second most-active user is Ilya Mashchenko.

The all-time most popular addition to Netdata appears to be adding support for data collection from Vnstat, a pull request by Noah Troy with nearly 200 individual comments (more than any other pull request).

The all-time most popular feature request appears to be adding support for running multiple freeipmi jobs from the same Netdata.

See also

 Comparison of network monitoring systems

References

External links
 

Free software programmed in C
System monitors
Software using the GNU General Public License
École Nationale Supérieure de Géologie. The École Nationale Supérieure de Géologie (; "National Superior School of Geology"; abbr. ENSG) is a French grande école, located in Nancy, Eastern France, part of the University of Lorraine.

History

The ENSG was created as Institut de Geologie Appliquée de Nancy in 1908, and became a National Engineering School, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Géologie Appliquée et de Prospection Minière, in 1948.

In 2010, it received the Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers status from the National Institute for Earth Sciences and Astronomy (INSU) of the Centre national de la recherche scientifique.

The school
The ENSG engineering school is one of the French Grandes Ecoles, part of the University of Lorraine and associated with the Institut Mines-Télécom. It trains students in the main fields of geological engineering. Its flagship degree is the Diplome d'ingénieur de l'ENSG (M2-level), which combines education in mathematics, physics, engineering and geology.

Admission

The majority of ENSG students are recruited at L3 level after a national competitive entrance exam following a two-year Classe Préparatoire aux Grandes Ecoles or based on an application file after a bachelor's degree. Admissions in second year (M1 level) are also possible for students after a M1 cursus.

Curriculum

Students follow common classes during the semesters 5, 6 and 7, where they take introductory classes in partial differential equations, geophysics, soil and rock mechanics, porous media, structural geology, sedimentology, mineralogy, geochemistry, computer programming, statistics foreign languages, project management.

During semesters 8 and 9, students specialize in Geotechnics, Mineral resource engineering and management, Water and the environment, Geosciences for energy, Reservoir engineering and hydrodynamics or Numerical geology.

The last Semester (10) is dedicated to an end-of study project, generally performed as an internship.

Research

The ENSG professors and researchers are associated to several research labs:

 CRPG: Centre de Recherches Petrographiques et Geochimiques
 GeoRessources: Geomodels, Raw Materials, Geosystems
 LIEC: Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Continental Environments
 LEMTA: Theoretical and Applied Energetics and Mechanics Laboratory
 LORIA: Computer Science Research and Applications. 
 Institut Elie Cartan de Lorraine: Mathematics

Notable alumni
 :fr:Edgar Aubert de la Rüe
 Edouard Bard
 Aïssata Issoufou Mahamadou
 :fr:François Hommeril
 :fr:Thierry Pilenko

References

External links
 ENSG website
 Key ENSG figures by l'Etudiant
 Le Monde article on the 2017 ranking

Geology education
Geology organizations
University of Lorraine
Universities and colleges established in 1908
1908 establishments in France
Mary C. Juhas. Mary Catherine Juhas (born September 16, 1955) is an American engineer. She is an associate vice president in the Office of Research and associate professor of materials science and engineering in the College of Engineering at Ohio State University. She is a Fellow of the American Society for Metals and inducted into the Ohio Women's Hall of Fame.

Early life
Juhas was born on September 16, 1955, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania to parents Lucille and William alongside two sisters. Both her father William and his father were engineers.

Education and career
After earning her Master's degree from Carnegie Mellon University, Juhas was hired as an engineer by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. She stayed in San Francisco for five years before completing her PhD at Ohio State University.

She left North America for France after receiving her PhD to complete her post-doctoral fellowship at the University of Paris. Upon her return, Juhas was hired at the Edison Welding Institute as a senior research engineer and aerospace team leader. In 2002, she was appointed Assistant Dean for Diversity and Outreach at College of Engineering at Ohio State University.

Juhas led the Diversity and Outreach in the Directorate for Engineering at the National Science Foundation from 2006 until 2008. In 2011, Juhas was named chair of the President and Provost's Council on Women and elected to the Ohio Women's Hall of Fame. Alongside Joan Herbers, Juhas was invited to speak at the White House regarding encouraging women to join and stay in STEM fields. Two years later, she was appointed Women in Engineering Pro-Active Network President-Elect. She was also elected a Fellow of the American Society for Metals.

In 2017, The Ohio State University recognized Juhas as a Distinguished Alumni.

Personal life
Juhas met her husband John Lippold while studying at Carnegie Mellon University.

References 

Living people
1955 births
People from Pittsburgh
American engineers
American women engineers
American women academics
Sophie Harker. Sophie Harker is a British engineer and an aerodynamicist. She specializes in aerodynamics and performance engineering within BAE Systems’ Concepts and Technology team, who works closely on the aircraft of the future. Harker is one of the youngest engineers to have achieved Chartered Engineer status, doing so at age 25. In 2018, she was the winner of the IET's Young Women Engineer of the Year Award.

Early life and education 
On a visit to the Kennedy Space Center in Florida at age 16, Harker decided to be an astronaut. She completed her Master’s degree in mathematics in the University of Nottingham. Whilst in university, she met Helen Sharman, who recommended engineering as a pathway to becoming an astronaut. She then focused on applied mathematics and completed an internship in software engineering for BAE Systems.

Career 
Harker joined BAE Systems Graduate Scheme, consisting of four engineering placements across various platforms and products, including the Eurofighter Typhoon; leading her to working in the Concepts & Technology Team. Currently, she is embedded in the Team Tempest engineering at BAE Systems where she works on technologies for Flight Control Systems to enable future combat air system capabilities. Harker has also worked on designs for the Skylon Space Plane, a fully reusable single stage to orbit (SSTO) space plane.

In March 2019, she returned to the University of Nottingham to deliver the "Women in Aerodynamics" lecture. Harker is an active STEM ambassador, she features in the Royal Academy of Engineering’s flagship, This Is Engineering, campaign which promotes careers in engineering.

Honors and recognition 
In 2016 Harker became BAE Systems' Technical Graduate of the Year. She then went on to being awarded Graduate of the Year 2017 by the Science,  Engineering and Manufacturing Technologies Alliance (SEMTA) and in the same year featured in The Daily Telegraph's Top 50 Women in Engineering.

Harker was given the Bee Beamont award in 2018, which annually recognizes "newly qualified engineers who have made an outstanding contribution to the business in the early stages of their career."

She won the 2018 Young Woman Engineer of the Year Award.

Harker was awarded in 2019 at age 26 the Sir Henry Royce Medal, which recognized her research in developing future technologies for the aviation industry.

Personal life 
Harker lives in Lytham St Annes.

References 

British women engineers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
British aerospace engineers
21st-century British engineers
Alumni of the University of Nottingham
21st-century British women engineers
BAE Systems people
Pınar Keskinocak. Pınar Keskinocak is a Turkish-American systems engineer at the Georgia Institute of Technology, where she is William W. George Chair, Professor of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Director of the Center for Health and Humanitarian Systems, and College of Engineering ADVANCE Professor. Her research involves the application of operations research and management science to health care and supply-chain management. She is the former president of INFORMS.

Education and career
Keskinocak earned bachelor's and master's degrees in industrial engineering at Bilkent University in 1991 and 1992, respectively. She completed her Ph.D. at Carnegie Mellon University, with Sridhar Tayur as her doctoral advisor.

After postdoctoral research at the Thomas J. Watson Research Center of IBM, she joined the Georgia Tech faculty in 1999.

Service
Keskinocak is the former president of the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS), for the 2020 term.

She was one of the founding editors of the journal IISE Transactions on Healthcare Systems Engineering (then called IIE Transactions on Healthcare Systems Engineering), serving as department editor for healthcare public policy.

Recognition
Keskinocak is a Fellow of INFORMS, and the winner of the INFORMS Daniel H. Wagner Prize for Excellence in Operations Research Practice. She is the 2021 winner of the WORMS Award for the Advancement of Women in Operations Research and Management Science.

References

External links
Home page

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American industrial engineers
American women engineers
American academics of Turkish descent
Turkish industrial engineers
Bilkent University alumni
Carnegie Mellon University alumni
Georgia Tech faculty
Fellows of the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences
Indian Data Relay Satellite System. Indian Data Relay Satellite System or IDRSS is a planned Indian constellation of Inter-satellite communications satellites. It is planned to initially comprise two satellites, CMS-04 (formerly IDRSS-1) & IDRSS-2 in geostationary orbit. It will facilitate relay of information between various Indian spacecraft, in-flight launch vehicle monitoring and assist the Indian Human Spaceflight Programme.

Objectives 
A Data Relay Satellite System (DRSS) facilitates continuous real-time communication between Low Earth orbit bound spacecraft to the ground station as well as inter-satellite communication. Such a satellite in geostationary orbit can track a low altitude spacecraft up to almost half of its orbit.

India operates one of world's largest remote sensing satellites systems. Visibility of these satellites is not more than 10–15 minutes in a day and sometimes even lower. The IDRSS satellites, one opposite to each half of earth in GEO, can see about 80 per cent of the area where Indian remote sensing satellites are orbiting, hence enhancing visibility range and data transfer rates of satellites. IDRSS can also monitor a launch vehicle from the time it lifts off from the launch pad. Satellites will hereby also reduce dependency on ground stations. Implementation of the system will be essential for tracking Gaganyaan, India's future crewed spacecraft.

The main objectives of IDRSS are:

 TTC, Data, Audio and Video links to Gaganyaan
 TTC links to LEO satellite
 Data transfer from Antarctica Ground Stations

Design 
IDRSS satellites would be based on 2,000 kg class, I-2K extended bus and will be compatible for launch onboard GSLV Mk-II Launch Vehicle.

Payload 

 Data relay payloads operating in S, Ka and Ku bands. 
 2.5 m deployable Cassegrain antenna System operating in dual frequency bands (S and Ka bands) 
 1.5 m fixed Cassegrain Antenna System operating in Ku and Ka frequency bands.

The deployable antenna system will interface with the satellite by means of a deployable, pointing and tracking mechanism along with a S band rotary joint. Satellites might carry optical communication payload for increased data security and high transfer rates.

Satellites

Launch 
IDRSS was approved by the Government of India and had funds allocated in budget of 2019-20. CMS-04 would be the first spacecraft in the IDRSS constellation, and its launch is currently scheduled for 2025-26.

See also 
 Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System
 Luch (satellite)
 European Data Relay System
 Tianlian I

References 

Laser communication in space
Communications satellite constellations
Proposed spacecraft
2023 in spaceflight
Inter-satellite communications satellites
2023 in India