omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Stephen Childress. William Stephen Childress is an American applied mathematician, author and professor emeritus at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences. He works on classical fluid mechanics, asymptotic methods and singular perturbations, geophysical fluid dynamics, magnetohydrodynamics and dynamo theory, mathematical models in biology, and locomotion in fluids. He is also a co-founder of the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences's Applied Mathematics Lab.

Published books
 1977: Mechanics of Swimming and Flying, online .
 1978: Mathematical models in developmental biology  with Jerome K. Percus, 
 1987: Topics in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics: Atmospheric Dynamics, Dynamo Theory, and Climate Dynamics, with M. Ghil. Softcover , eBook .
 1995: Stretch, Twist, Fold: The Fast Dynamo with Andrew D. Gilbert, ,  
 2009: An Introduction to Theoretical Fluid Mechanics, .
 2012: Natural Locomotion in Fluids and on Surfaces Swimming, Flying, and Sliding. Edited with Anette Hosoi, William W. Schultz, Jane Wang. Hardcover , Softcover , eBook 
 2018: Construction of Steady-state Hydrodynamic Dynamos. I. Spatially Periodic Fields,

Recognition
 1976 Guggenheim Fellowship for Natural Sciences, US & Canada
 2008 Fellow of American Physical Society

References

External links
William Stephen Childress's home page

American mathematicians
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Hughes 25. The Hughes 25 is a Canadian trailerable sailboat that was designed by Howard Hughes as a cruiser and first built in 1968.

The Hughes 25 is most likely a development of William Shaw's Nutmeg 24 design.

Production
The Hughes 25 was built by Hughes Boat Works in Canada, starting in 1968 and proved commercially successful. It is now out of production.

Design

Hughes Boat Works acquired the tooling and moulds for the Nutmeg 24 from Tanzer Industries and used it to develop the Hughes 24, although it only sold in small numbers. The Hughes 25 is thought to be derived from the same design, with the addition of a fin keel, spade-type rudder and a reverse transom, but retaining Shaw's basic hull shape.

The Hughes 25 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fibreglass, with wood trim. It has a masthead sloop rig, a spooned raked stem, a reverse transom, an internally mounted spade-type rudder controlled by a tiller and a fixed fin keel. It displaces  and carries  of ballast.

The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel, allowing ground transportation on a trailer.

The design has sleeping accommodation for five people, in one of two cabin interior plans. Layout A has a double "V"-berth in the bow cabin, two straight settees in the main cabin and an aft quarter berth on the starboard side, under the cockpit. The galley is located on the port side abeam the companionway ladder and is equipped with a sink. The head is a potable type, located under the bow "V"-berth. Layout B locates the galley forward, in place of the port settee and adds an extra quarter berth on the port side. A forward hatch provides cabin ventilation.

For sailing downwind the design may be equipped with a symmetrical or asymmetrical spinnaker.

The design has a hull speed of .

See also
List of sailing boat types

References

Keelboats
1960s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Trailer sailers
Sailboat type designs by Howard Hughes
Sailboat types built by Hughes Boat Works
Wesseler W 17. The Wesseler W 17 is an agricultural tractor made by H. Wesseler OHG. It is the firm's smallest two-cylinder model and was made from 1954 until 1956. In the Netherlands, the tractor was sold under the Vewema brand.

Technical description 

The W 17 is based on a frameless design with the rear axle and front axle assembly directly flange-mounted to the engine. The rear axle is a ZF A-5/5 (or ZF A-5/6) transmission unit consisting of a portal axle and a constant-mesh gearbox with either five or six forward gears, and a regular reverse gear. The six-speed versions of the gearbox have an additional 1.5 km/h crawler gear below first gear, but are otherwise identical to the five-speed units, i.e. they have the same gearing and thus offer the exact same speeds. The transmission unit is designed for a maximum continuous input torque of  and was available with a differential lock and a PTO. Since there is no drive shaft to the front axle, all W 17 tractors are rear-wheel drive only. The front axle is an unsprung stub axle with a central longitudinal pivot point. In front, the tractor has 4.5–16 inch tyres, in back it has 7–24 inch tyres. The rear wheels are fitted with mechanically operated duplex drum brakes. With factory new 7–24 inch rear tyres, the tractor can reach a top speed of  at the rated engine speed of 2000/min.

Wessler installed an MWM KD 211 Z industrial Diesel engine in the W 17. The KD 211 Z is a two-cylinder, naturally aspirated four-stroke Diesel engine with a  bore and a  stroke, resulting in a displacement of about . It has a crossflow cylinder head with two overhead valves, and swirl-chamber injection, allowing a low injection pressure of . The water pump is flange-mounted to the head and driven by a belt from the engine's crankshaft. In its default configuration, the engine has a BMEP of ca. , and a rated fuel consumption of 200 g/(PS·h) (ca. 272 g/(kW·h); 0.447 lb/(hp·h)). The rated engine power (DIN 70020) is  at 2200/min, and the rated continuous power output (DIN 6270 B) is  at 2000/min. The engine can be hand-cranked.

References 

Tractors
Jocelyne Troccaz. Jocelyne Troccaz (born 1959) is a French roboticist and researcher in medical imaging and image-guided robotics. She is a director of research for the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), affiliated with the Computer-Assisted Medical Interventions team (GMCAO) of the Laboratory for Translational Research and Innovation in Medicine and Complexity (TIMC) at Grenoble Alpes University. After originally specializing in industrial applications of robotics, her interests shifted to medical robotics.

Education and career
Troccaz was born on 11 June 1959 in Sallanches, an Alpine town near the French borders with Italy and Switzerland. She studied computer science at the Grenoble Institute of Technology, earned licentiates in 1980 and 1981,
a diplôme d'études approfondies (master's degree) in 1982, and a doctorate in 1986. She completed her habilitation in computer science and applied mathematics in 1993.

She joined CNRS in 1988 and became a director of research in 1998, in 2017 being listed as an exceptional-class director of research.

Recognition
Troccaz was named a Fellow of the Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention Society (MICCAI) in 2010, "for scientific contributions to computer-aided surgery and medical robotics and for promotion of the field through involvement in the MICCAI Society and related professional societies". She was named an IEEE Fellow in 2018, "for contributions to robotics and imaging for medical applications".

She was given the Academy Prize of the Académie nationale de chirurgie, and named as a free member of the academy, in 2014. She was given the CNRS Silver Medal in 2015, and named to the Legion of Honour in 2016.

In 2022 she received the MICCAI Society Enduring Impact award and was appointed to the French Academy of Sciences.

References

External links
Home page

1959 births
Living people
Research directors of the French National Centre for Scientific Research
French computer scientists
French women computer scientists
French roboticists
Women roboticists
Fellows of the IEEE
Knights of the Legion of Honour
Sandip Tiwari. Sandip Tiwari is an Indian-born electrical engineer and applied physicist. He is the Charles N. Mellowes Professor of Engineering at Cornell University. His previous roles were Director of National Nanotechnology Users Network, Director of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network, and research scientist at IBM T. J. Watson Research Center. He is best known for his pioneer research in the fields of SiGe transistor and nanocrystal memory.

Early life and education 
Sandip Tiwari was born in Ahmedabad, India, received his BTech from Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur in 1976. He received his M.Eng. at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute and PhD at Cornell University in 1980.

Work and academic career 
His early research career was at IBM's Research Division until 1999. During this period, he did the early work on compound semiconductor transistors and co-developed the first SiGe transistor. He also pioneered various quantum and nanoscale devices, such as the nanocrystal memory. The first demonstration of SiGe transistor was honored as IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM) Top Industry Innovation of 1987. His work on nanocrystal memory was one of the 50 most-cited papers in the history of Applied Physics Letters in 2013.

At Cornell University, his Nanoscale ElectroScience Research Group focused on adaptive approaches for low power design, three-dimensional integration, inexact computing, and Bayesian implementations

Selected awards and honors 
 IEEE Cledo Brunetti Award, 2007
 IIT Kanpur Distinguished Alumni Award, 2003
 International Symposium on Compound Semiconductors (ISCS) Young Scientist Award, 1991
 Founding Editor-in-Chief of IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology, 2002
 Guest Editor of Proceedings of the IEEE, 2015
 Fellow of American Physical Society, 1998
 Life Fellow of IEEE, 1994

Selected publications

Books 
 S. Tiwari, Quantum, Statistical and Information Mechanics: A Unified Introduction, Electroscience series, Vol. 1, Oxford University Press, 
 S. Tiwari, Device Physics: Fundamentals of Electronics and Optoelectronics, Electroscience series, Vol. 2, Oxford University Press, , (2022)
 S. Tiwari, Semiconductor Physics: Principles, Theory and Nanoscale, Electroscience series, Vol. 3, Oxford University Press, , (2020)
 S. Tiwari, Nanoscale Device Physics: Science and Engineering Fundamentals, Electroscience series, Vol. 4, Oxford University Press,  (2017)
 S. Tiwari, Compound Semiconductor Device Physics, Academic Press, Inc., (1992) and Elsevier,  (1992); Updated edition available as Open Text from group website

Papers 
 S. Tiwari, Implications of Scales in Processing of Information, Invited Paper, in Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 103, no. 8, 1250-1273 (2015)

References 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Fellows of the IEEE
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Cornell University College of Engineering faculty
IIT Kanpur alumni
IBM Research computer scientists
Cornell University College of Engineering alumni
Indian electrical engineers
Indian physicists
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni
Skyknight (missile). The SkyKnight is an all-weather multi-target short-range air defence missile. It was developed by Halcon Systems and is the United Arab Emirates' first designed counter-rocket, artillery, and mortar (C-RAM) missile. SkyKnight is planned to be integrated into Rheinmetall Skynex air defence system. Skynex is a fully networked system of sensors and effectors linked via a tactical communications network to provide a mostly automated layered defence against various aerial threats. Up to four -long SkyKnight missile launcher units (MLU) with 60 rounds each can be controlled in a Skynex battery. An MLU can launch up to five missiles in one second and each can simultaneously fire 20 at one time to neutralize 80 incoming targets. The missiles are capable of intercepting manned and unmanned aircraft and helicopters at , precision guided munitions (PGMs) and cruise missiles at , and RAM projectiles at . The Skynex system combines the SkyKnight with up to four Oerlikon Revolver Gun Mk3 35 mm revolver cannons to handle anything that penetrates through the missile defenses.

See also
Iron Dome
Skyshield

References

External links
SKYNEX SKYKNIGHT. Halcon

21st-century surface-to-air missiles
Weapons of the United Arab Emirates
Rheinmetall
Reno Sales. Reno Haber Sales (1876 – 1969) was an American mining engineer who was Chief Geologist of Anaconda Corporation in Montana. He is known as the "father of mining geology."

Early years 
Born in 1876 in Storm Lake, Iowa, Sales moved to Montana with his family at a young age and settled at Gallatin Gateway, southwest of Bozeman. His father was an English farmer and his mother was German.

Sales graduated from Gallatin County High School in Bozeman and received a B.S. from Montana State College in 1898. He played on its first-ever football team and was the only member of Montana State's first graduating class. He then earned an Engineer of Mines degree from Columbia School of Mines in New York City in 1900.

Career 
Upon graduating from Columbia, Sales returned to Montana at Butte as an engineer for the Boston and Montana Consolidated Copper and Silver Mining Company. In 1901, he joined Anaconda Copper's newly organized Geological Department and became Chief Geologist in 1906 and retired in 1948. As Chief Geologist, his systematic study of ore bodies became the standard practice for the industry, earning him the title of the "father of mining geology." He also successfully defended Anaconda against the lawsuits waged by F. Augustus Heinze, who attempted to discredit and destroy the company. He continued working as a consultant to Anaconda after his retirement and wrote a number of books on the history of mining in Montana, including Underground Warfare at Butte (1964).

Sales was President of the Society of Economic Geologists in 1937 and received the Penrose Medal from the society in 1938. Sales was conferred an Honorary Membership of the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers in 1964. He was inducted into the National Cowboy Hall of Fame in 1967 and the National Mining Hall of Fame in 1990.

Sales received an honorary Dsc. degree from Montana State College in 1935, and he was the namesake of MSU's Reno H. Sales Stadium from 1974 to 1998 after a generous donation. For many years, he was known as "Mr. Bobcat" by fans of the Montana State Bobcats.

Death
In his early nineties, Sales died in 1969 in Bozeman.

References 

1876 births
Anaconda Copper
1969 deaths
People from Storm Lake, Iowa
Montana State University alumni
Columbia School of Mines alumni
American mining engineers
Montana State Bobcats football players
Walter Hull Aldridge. Walter Hull Aldridge (September 8, 1867 – August 8, 1959) was an American mining and metallurgical engineer. He was a recipient of the William Lawrence Saunders Gold Medal and the John Fritz Medal.

Biography 
Aldridge was born in Brooklyn on September 8, 1867. He was a descendant of Commodore Isaac Hull, Revolutionary General William Hull, and Commodore Matthew C. Perry. He was educated in the public schools of Brooklyn, and attended Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, followed by Columbia School of Mines, graduating in 1887 as an Engineer of Mines. He was a member of the Tau Beta Pi honor society.

After graduating from Columbia, Aldridge became an assayer for the Colorado Smelting Company and became a chemist and metallurgist for the company. In 1892, he became manager of the United Smelting & Refining  Company. After the takeover of the company by the American Smelting & Refining Company, Aldridge left his job and joined Canadian Pacific Railway,  and was placed in charge of all the mining and metallurgical work of the railroad, which was incorporated into the Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada. As managing director of the company, he established lead and copper works at Trail, British Columbia, built the world's first electrolytic lead refinery, and developed the Hosmer and Bankhead coal mines. Under his watch, gold and silver were melted, smelted, and refined for the first time in Canada.

Aldridge then became associated with William B. Thompson of the Gunn-Thompson Company, overseeing Thompson's extensive milling interests. He was a director of The Consolidated Mining and Smelting Company of Canada, Hosmer Mines Company,  Bankhead Mines Company, and the High River Wheat & Cattle Company.

Aldridge became President of the Texas Gulf Sulphur Company, succeeding Seeley G. Mudd, who resigned from the presidency to enter military service. He served as president until July 1951, and retired at the age of 83. Aldridge remained chairman of the company. He transformed the company into the world's largest producer of sulpher and the largest source of the cheap, pure sulphur.

Aldridge received a William Lawrence Saunders Gold Medal for distinguished achievement in mining in 1933. He received a John Fritz Medal in 1949, cited as "as engineer of mines and statesman of industry who by his rare technical and administrative skills has importantly augmented the mineral production of [the United States] and Canada."

Aldridge died on August 8, 1959. He lived at 740 Park Avenue and Scarsdale, New York.

References 

1867 births
1959 deaths
American metallurgists
American mining engineers
Columbia School of Mines alumni
Engineers from New York City
John Fritz Medal recipients
Liang Junwu. Liang Junwu (; 18 September 1933 – 23 June 2022) was a Chinese scientist in the field of semiconductor materials, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He is known as the founder of early semiconductor silicon materials in China. He was a member of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).

Biography
Liang was born in Hankou (now Wuhan), Hubei, on 18 September 1933. In 1951, he entered Wuhan University, majoring in physics. In 1956, he was sent to study in the Soviet Union on government scholarships, earning his vice-doctorate degree from the Baykov Institute of Metallurgy, Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union in 1960.

Liang returned to China in 1960 and that same year became assistant research fellow at the Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He was assistant research fellow at the Yichang Semiconductor Factory in 1970, and held that office until 1979. In 1978, he was promoted to become research fellow at the Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

On 23 June 2022, he died from an illness in Beijing, at the age of 88.

Personal life
Liang married Wen Ruimei, who is also a research fellow at the Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Contributions
In the 1960s, Liang solved the key technology of high-purity zone melting silicon; In 1964, he prepared GaAs liquid phase epitaxial materials for room temperature lasers; In 1979, he successfully developed high-quality silicon zone melting single crystal without dislocation, vortex, low micro defect, low carbon and controllable oxygen for large-scale integrated circuits; In the 1980s, he initiated nitrogen doped neutron transmutation silicon single crystal, which solved the problem of silicon wafer integrity and uniformity; In early 1990s, he studied the growth of superlattice quantum well materials by metalorganic vapour-phase epitaxy, and promoted the Chinese superlattice quantum well materials to a practical level in terms of crystal integrity, electrical properties and superlattice structure control; He also played an important role in the research and industrialization of polycrystalline silicon for solar cells.

Honours and awards
 1996 State Science and Technology Progress Award (Third Class) for new methods and equipment for treatment and detection of arsenic in the environment.
 1997 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)

References

1933 births
2022 deaths
People from Wuhan
Scientists from Hubei
Wuhan University alumni
Chinese physicists
Members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
Lynette Jones. Lynette Anne Jones is a New Zealand mechanical engineer whose research concerns haptic technology, haptic perception, thermal output devices, microsurgery, and the function and mechanics of the human hand and skin. She is a senior research scientist in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and editor-in-chief of the journal IEEE Transactions on Haptics.

Education and career
Jones earned bachelors and masters degrees at the University of Auckland in 1976 and 1978. She completed a PhD at McGill University in Canada in 1983.

After postdoctoral research at McGill's Montreal Neurological Institute, she continued at McGill as a researcher and, in 1991, became a tenured associate professor there. She moved to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology as a principal research scientist in 1994, and was named a senior research scientist in 2010.

She has been editor-in-chief of IEEE Transactions on Haptics since 2014.

Books
Jones is the author of the book Haptics (MIT Press, Essential Knowledge Series, 2018). With Susan Lederman, Jones is coauthor of the book Human Hand Function (Oxford University Press, 2006).

Recognition
Jones was named an IEEE Fellow in 2018, "for contributions to tactile and thermal displays".

References

External links
Home page

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
New Zealand mechanical engineers
New Zealand women engineers
University of Auckland alumni
McGill University alumni
Academic staff of McGill University
Fellows of the IEEE
20th-century New Zealand women engineers
20th-century New Zealand engineers
21st-century New Zealand women engineers
21st-century New Zealand engineers
Caesium enneabromodibismuthate. Caesium enneabromodibismuthate is an inorganic compound with the formula Cs3Bi2Br9. It is one of the coordination complexes formed by caesium, bismuth and bromine. At room temperature, it is trigonal (Pm1) and it undergoes phase transformation to monoclinic phase (C12/c1) when the temperature is below 96 K.

Preparation
Traditionally, it can be synthesized from a hydrobromic acid solution of stoichiometric amounts of caesium bromide and bismuth hydroxide or bismuth(III) oxide, crystals are formed by cooling the hot, saturated solution. It can also be obtained by reacting caesium bromide and bismuth(III) bromide in DMF, followed by vaporizing the solvent. Its nanocrystals can be synthesized in 1-octadecene at 170 °C using caesium oleate and bismuth(III) bromide as precursors.

References

Caesium compounds
Bismuth compounds
Bromo complexes