omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Huang Wenhu. Huang Wenhu (; 22 July 1926 – 19 May 2022) was a Chinese engineer and university administrator who served as president of Harbin Institute of Technology from 1983 to 1985. He was an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

Biography
Huang was born in Shanghai, on 22 July 1926, while his ancestral home in Yongkang, Zhejiang. He was the elder of six children. His parents named him "Wenhu" due to his Chinese zodiac belonged to the "tiger" (). He was brought up by his grandparents in Zhoushan () of Yongkang. In 1945, he entered Zhejiang University, where he majored in electrical engineering. He also received his master's degree from Harbin Institute of Technology.

After graduating in May 1949, Huang worked in the Hangzhou Military Control Commission Finance Department and then the Tianjin Central Electrician No. 2 Factory. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in May 1995. Starting in 1950, he was made a deputy director. He moved up the ranks to become director of Academic Committee of Harbin University of Technology in January 1981 and president in May 1981. He was dean of the Graduate School of Harbin Institute of Technology in September 1984 and subsequently director of the Vibration Engineering Research Center of Harbin University of Technology in January 1989.

On 19 May 2022, Huang died from an illness in Harbin, Heilongjiang, at the age of 96.

Honours and awards
 1995 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)

References

1926 births
2022 deaths
Engineers from Shanghai
Zhejiang University alumni
Harbin Institute of Technology alumni
Academic staff of Harbin Institute of Technology
Members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
New Water Jet Fast Attack Craft. New Water Jet Fast Attack Craft (NWJFAC) are a planned fast attack craft for the Indian Navy. Under this programme the Indian Navy intends to acquire a class of seven attack craft that are intended feature advanced stealth features like a low radar cross section (RCS), infrared, acoustic and magnetic signatures

Defence Acquisition Council (DAC) approved the procurement of NWJFAC on 3 December 2024. The vessles will be to perform multiple tasks like Low Intensity Maritime Operations, Surveillance, Patrol, and Search and Rescue (SAR) operations near the coast. Additionally, the vessels van also participate in Anti-Piracy missions in and around island territories. The ships will be constructed by Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata.

References 

Fast attack craft
Ships of the Indian Navy
LogAbax. LogAbax was a French computer brand. Founded in 1942, the company was one of France's pioneers in computer manufacturing. The name is composed of two abbreviations: Log from logarithm and Abax from abacus.

History 
The company was created in 1942 as “La Société Française des Brevets LogAbax”. In 1947 it employs twenty people and has a factory located at Malakoff. The company obtains a contract from CNRS for the construction of a "Couffignal machine", intended to be the fist French  "electronic calculation machine". Between 1948 and 1950 LogAbax studies an electronic meter, related to the electronic calculator development.

In 1968 LogAbax and Bariquand et Marre merge, forming LogAbax SA.

The LX 500, a personal computer based on the Z80 microprocessor and running the CP/M operating system, is presented in 1978.

Due to poor results in the late 1970s, LogAbax files for bankruptcy in 1981, with Olivetti becoming the majority shareholder, creating a new entity named Société Nouvelle LogAbax.

The Persona 1600, a PC compatible machine with an Intel 8086 CPU (similar to Olivetti M24) is presented in 1985. Other rebranded Olivetti PCs follow (Persona 1800 and 1300).

In 1988 Olivetti France and Société Nouvelle LogAbax merge, becoming Olivetti-LogAbax.

Machines 
 LX 3200 - office computer, calculator, typewriter, printer, 1969
 LX 2200, 2600 - office computer, calculator, typewriter, printer, 1974/75
 LX 4200, 4300, 4400, 4500, 4600 - office computer, 1970s/75
 LX 5000, 5076, 5200 - multi-user 16-bit computer, 64 Kb RAM, 1976/77
 LX 2000, 2010, 2500 - 1976
 LX 500, 518, 528 - Z80A, 128Kb RAM, CP/M, 1978
 LX 3000, 3128, 3500 - multi-user office computer, 1980
 Hyper 32 - fault tolerant redundant computer, 1983
 Persona 800 - Z80 @ 4 MHz, 64KB RAM, CP/M, 1985
 Persona 1600 (Olivetti M24) - Nanoréseau network machine, 8086 @ 8 MHz, 1985
 Persona 1800 (Olivetti M28) - 80286 @ 8 MHz, 1986
 Persona 1300 (Olivetti M19) - 8088 @ 4.77 MHz, 256KB RAM, 1986
 3B modèle 400 (Olivetti CPS/32 Stratos) - 68030, VOS, 1986

See also 

 Computing for All, a French government plan to introduce computers to the country's pupils

References 

Computer companies of France
History of computing in France
Defunct computer hardware companies
Defunct computer systems companies
Computer science education in France
Leo Rover. Leo Rover is a small-sized, four-wheeled, open-source robotic platform manufactured and developed in Wrocław, Poland, by fictionlab sp. z o.o.

Design and performance 

The Leo Rover is a small, remotely controlled, four-wheeled rover, measuring 433 mm in length, 447 mm in width, and 249 mm in height. It weighs 6.5 kg and features in-hub DC motors with a 73.2:1 planetary gearbox and 12 CPR encoder to power each wheel. The wheels are made of rubber with foam inserts. The robot is equipped with a 5000 mAh Li-ion battery of 11.1 V DC. It can achieve a maximum linear speed of approximately 0.4 m/s and an angular speed of up to 60 deg/s. The front of the robot's body houses a 5 MPx camera with a 170-degree field of view. The rover's top surface features numerous mounting holes to attach additional hardware, and it has a nominal payload capacity of 5 kg.

The robot is equipped with a 2.4 GHz WiFi access point with an external antenna. The majority of the robot's structural components are 3D-printed, resulting in a watertight design rated at the IP64 level.

Software 
The Leo Rover runs on Ubuntu Linux 20.04 with ROS Noetic Ninjammys, and a Raspberry Pi 4 as its main computer.

European Rover Challenge 
From 2020 to 2022, the Leo Rover was the standard robot used in the remote formula of the European Rover Challenge.

Application area 
Leo Rover serves as a development platform for implementing one’s own technological solutions by connecting external electronics, editing the open-source software, or modifying the robot’s design. Although the product is available to both individuals and companies, the majority of the consumers are universities and research facilities that use the robot for their projects and research.

References 

Robotics
Mars rovers
Elze van den Ban. Elizabeth Frederika van den Ban, known as Elze, (18 October 1894 - 25 December 1973) was a Dutch urban planner and chief engineer of the Rijkswaterstaat (Department of Public Works) at Zuiderzee Works where she introduced curvatures rather than straight lines into the urban planning process of polders and dikes. Van den Ban was the first woman from the Netherlands to graduate as a civil engineer in Delft, where she worked as a civil engineer.

Early life and education 
Elizabeth Frederika van den Ban, known as Elze, was born in Haarlem on 18 October 1894 to Anna Kater and Jacob van den Ban. Her father was an architect who worked in and around in Haarlem and Amsterdam. She was one of three sisters, Anna Jacoba (Ans) Meerdink-van den Ban (b,1899) who became a pastor in Soest and Frederika Elisabeth Hugenholtz-van den Ban (b. 1896). Their mother - Anna Kater - died young in 1911. Age 16, van den Ban told her mother that she wanted to study at Delft University of Technology and she became the first woman from the Netherlands to graduate as a civil engineer there.

Career 
Van den Ban briefly taught mathematics at the Municipal hogere burgerschool (secondary school) in Haarlem in 1919. After graduating from university, she joined her father Jacob van den Ban at his architectural firm. She then held a position with Provincial Water Authority of North Holland as an urban planner for almost a quarter of a century. She was often referred to as E. F. van den Ban professionally. In 1949, Van den Ban was assigned to the Zuiderzee Works Department as an urban planner. Here, she revolutionised the development of planning by promoting the use of curvatures in the construction of streets and roads, rather than straight lines and was involved in the creation of the Zuid-Kennemerland National Park initially suggested by Jac. P. Thijsse.

She was on the board of Vereniging van vrouwen met hogere opleiding (VVAO) (Association for Women University Graduates) from 1931 to 1937 and was chairman when it was founded afd Haarlem in 1937. In 1946, she was one of only four women of forty architects or visual artists appointed by the Minister of Education, Arts and Sciences, on the recommendation of the Queen's Commissioner of Art, to sit on the Provincial Committees on War or Peace Memorials and was chosen as Secretary for Noord-Holland division. She also gave lectures on her work.

Elze van den Ban died in Middenlaan 78, Haarlem on 25 December 1973.

Publications 
Hoorn, Westfriesland en de Markerwaard Elze F. van der Ban, 1957.

De provinciale indeling van de IJsselmeerpolders by A. Blaauboer, Elze F. van den Ban and A.J. Venstra, 1960

Recognition 

In 1955, she was awarded the rank of Officer in the Order of Orange Nassau.

Streets have been named in her honour in Almere, Leiden, Heerhugowaard and Spijkenisse.

References 

1894 births
1973 deaths
Dutch women engineers
Officers of the Order of Orange-Nassau
People from Haarlem
Dutch civil engineers
Dutch urban planners
Women urban planners
Delft University of Technology alumni
20th-century Dutch engineers
20th-century women engineers
Recipients of the Order of Orange-Nassau
Maia Vergniory. Maia Garcia Vergniory is a Spanish computational physicist who is a group leader at the Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids. Her work in topological quantum chemistry investigates the phases of topological materials. She was elected Fellow of the American Physical Society in 2022.

Early life and education 
Vergniory was born in Getxo. She was a doctoral researcher at the University of the Basque Country. Her research considered many-body effects on the interactions between excited electronic states and the mobile ions on surfaces. She started working on topological materials in 2012.

Research and career 
Vergniory worked as a research fellow at the Ikerbasque and the Donostia International Physics Center. She studied novel materials and computational strategies to realise new condensed matter systems.

Verginory became interested in the design of new topological materials with optimised functional properties. Topological materials are insulators in the bulk but conductive on their surfaces. The conducting channels that facilitate current flow are robust and independent of size.

Vergniory studied the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database to identify topologically nontrivial materials. She designed a computational effort to simulate real materials and determine whether or not they showed topological properties. This included complex theoretical analysis that could classify topological phases, and information from materials scientists on whether materials were suitable or not. Vergniory uses her supercomputers to perform her calculations ab initio. In an interview with Physics World, Verginory said that she had been surprised by how many materials she identified with topological properties. As an output of this work, the high-order topological insulator Bi4Br4 was synthesised and studied experimentally. She showed that if it was possible to identify the symmetry of the crystalline symmetry of a material, she could easily anticipate the behaviour of the charge. She has since started investigating organic materials. She believes that topological crystals with a chiral structure will display several exotic physical phenomena.

Awards and honours 
 2017 L'Oréal-UNESCO For Women in Science Award
 2022 Elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society

Selected publications

References 

People from Getxo
Living people
University of the Basque Country alumni
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Spanish women chemists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Computational chemists
Materials scientists and engineers
Max Planck Institutes researchers
Condensed matter physicists
Basque people
21st-century chemists
21st-century Spanish physicists
Grenoble Alpes University alumni
Academic staff of the University of the Basque Country
21st-century Spanish women scientists
Lead(II) perchlorate. Lead(II) perchlorate is a chemical compound with the formula Pb(ClO4)2·xH2O, where is x is 0,1, or 3. It is an extremely hygroscopic white solid that is very soluble in water.

Preparation
Lead perchlorate trihydrate is produced by the reaction of lead(II) oxide, lead carbonate, or lead nitrate by perchloric acid:
Pb(NO3)2 + HClO4 → Pb(ClO4)2 + HNO3
The excess perchloric acid was removed by first heating the solution to 125 °C, then heating it under moist air at 160 °C to remove the perchloric acid by converting the acid to the dihydrate. The anhydrous salt, Pb(ClO4)2, is produced by heating the trihydrate to 120 °C under water-free conditions over phosphorus pentoxide. The trihydrate melts at 83 °C. The anhydrous salt decomposes into lead(II) chloride and a mixture of lead oxides at 250 °C. The monohydrate is produced by only partially dehydrating the trihydrate, and this salt undergoes hydrolysis at 103 °C.

The solution of anhydrous lead(II) perchlorate in methanol is explosive.

Applications 
Lead perchlorate has a high nucleon density, making it a viable detector for hypothetical proton decay.

References

Lead(II) compounds
Perchlorates
Sven Apel. Sven Apel (born 1977) is a German computer scientist and professor of software engineering at Saarland University.

His research focuses on software product lines and configurable systems, domain-specific generation and optimization, software analytics and intelligence, as well as empirical methods and the human factor in software development.

Education and career 
Sven Apel studied computer science at the University of Magdeburg from 1996 to 2002. At the same university, he also received his doctorate in computer science in 2007 with a thesis on the “Role of Features and Aspects in Software Development.”

After his doctorate, Apel was a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Passau until 2010. From 2010 to 2013, he led the Emmy Noether Junior Research Group “Secure and Efficient Software Product Lines” there before he was appointed professor in Passau in 2013 as part of the DFG's Heisenberg Program.

Since 2019, Sven Apel has been a professor of software engineering at Saarland University.

In 2019, Apel, together with Christian Kästner and Martin Kuhlemann, received the “Most Influential Paper Award” at the Systems and Software Products Line Conference (SPLC) for the paper “Granularity in Software Product Lines”. In the article, the three researchers demonstrate how programs can be extended by fine-grained import from other software.

In 2022, together with Janet Feigenspan, Christian Kästner, Jörg Liebig and Stefan Hanenberg, he was awarded the “Most Influential Paper Award” at the International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC) for the paper “Measuring programming experience”. In the article, the researchers present a questionnaire and an experiment to assess and measure a programmer's level of experience.

According to Google Scholar, he has an h-index of 69.

Research areas 
Sven Apel's research focuses in particular on methods, tools, and theories for the construction of manageable, reliable, efficient, configurable, and evolvable software systems.

In addition to the technical aspects, the human and social factors in software development also play an important role for him. For example, he investigates program comprehension with the help of neurophysiological measurements, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Awards 

 2007: Ernst Denert Software Engineering Prize
 2013: Heisenberg Professorship with focus on software development, in particular automatic software construction
 2015: Member of the Young Academy of Europe
 2016: Hugo Junkers Award for Research and Innovation from Saxony-Anhalt
 2018: ACM Distinguished Member for outstanding scientific contributions to computing
 2019: “Most Influential Paper Award” of the Systems and Software Products Line Conference (SPLC)
 2022: “Most Influential Paper Award” of the International Conference on Program Comprehension (ICPC)
 2022: ERC Advanced Grant “Brains on Code”

References

External links 
 Website of Professor Apel

Academic staff of Saarland University
1977 births
German computer scientists
Distinguished Members of the ACM
Living people
Low-Earth Orbit Flight Test of an Inflatable Decelerator. Low-Earth Orbit Flight Test of an Inflatable Decelerator (LOFTID) was a NASA mission to test inflatable reentry systems. It was the first such test of an inflatable decelerator from Earth-orbital speed.

LOFTID was launched on an Atlas V 401 in November 2022 as a secondary payload, along with the JPSS-2 weather satellite. It deployed successfully and landed in the ocean near Hawaii on November 10, 2022, which NASA stated on November 17 was a "huge success".

History 
LOFTID is the latest in a string of successful Hypersonic Inflatable Aerodynamic Decelerator (HIAD) development efforts. HIADs have a Viking-era genesis; developed by engineers at the NASA Langley Research Center as a possible system for crewed reentry. However, HIAD development ceased in the mid-1970s when it was shown disk-gap-band supersonic parachutes were suitable for the Viking, Pioneer Venus and Galileo mission environments. More recently, the need to enable robotic and crewed missions with larger payload mass has generated new investment in HIAD development. Starting in 2006 with the Program to Advance Inflatable Decelerators for Atmospheric Entry (PAIDAE), HIADs have undergone a series of incremental development efforts including design and analysis, ground based materials testing, manufacturing, wind-tunnel testing and flight tests and demonstrations. Two successful NASA Langley Research Center led sub-orbital flight demonstrations of HIAD technology have occurred; Inflatable Reentry Vehicle Experiment 2 (IRVE-2)  and IRVE-3  were flown in 2009 and 2012 respectively. LOFTID is the first orbital flight of a HIAD and the largest blunt bunt aeroshell entry to date.

Design 
It inflates to 6 metres (about 20 feet) in diameter. Its total mass is about 2,400 lb (1,000 kg).

It is formed from 7 inflatable tori (6 wide and one narrow), with a flexible woven silicon carbide black ceramic fabric thermal protection layer on one side.

Launch, deployment, and results 
Launch and deployment (inflation, separation and splashdown from the Atlas V Centaur 2nd stage) were successful. 

It reentered the atmosphere at about Mach 29, reached a peak deceleration of about 9 g, and splashed down under a subsonic parachute near Hawaii. NASA stated on November 17 that LOFTID was a "huge success" and able to be used on future missions to Mars.

According to the principal investigator, Dr. Neil Cheatwood, the success means the technology is now ready to use on missions.

Commercial interest 
Dr. Cheatwood reports that about a dozen companies have contacted him to express interest in the technology.

See also 
 Inflatable decelerator, including NASA's IRVE and HIAD

References

NASA programs
Spaceflight technology
Inflatable aircraft
Future Air Defender. The Future Air Defender (FuAD) was a joint program from the Dutch and German navies to find a common replacement for both the  and the . The joint German-Dutch programme was cancelled in November 2023.

The German Navy decided to pursue its own project with the F127 Frigate based on the MEKO A400 AMD.

History 
On 17 December 2020 the Dutch Secretary for Defence Barbara Visser and her German counterpart Benedikt Zimmer signed an agreement to jointly work towards a replacement for the  and .

This program isn't the first time that the Netherlands and Germany have worked together on a new frigate class. They also collaborated on the classes that this program is set to replace in the Trilateral Frigate Cooperation together with Spain. Back then this was mostly aimed towards sensors with each country developing their own hull. This resulted in the common use of the SMART-L and APAR radars. And more recently the Dutch Damen Group is working together with a German consortium (including Lürssen and Blohm+Voss) on the F126 frigate.

In November 2021 it was announced that Germany chose to use radar from Hensoldt. This was following Germany's decision to label the construction of surface ships among key technologies. However, this decision strains the cooperation between Germany and The Netherland because part of the agreement was to develop radar and weaponsystems together. Also the fact that the two countries have different requirements for the size of internal spaces like stairs causes a difficulty in the cooperation.

During a defence meeting on November 7, 2022, with the Tweede kamer questions were raised by MP Peter Valstar on the future of the cooperation, pointing towards the German navy leaning into the idea of acquiring a similar ship like the American , which in first instance was not designed as an air defence frigate. New Secretary for Defence, Christophe van der Maat, said that there are still multiple scenarios possible with or without German participation. To avoid a permanent break in the partnership a project organization was formed to set up a directory of requirements and building rules both countries can accept.

Potential partners 
Christophe van der Maat said in the same November 7 defence meeting that another possibility to move forward with the FuAD program is to look for additional partners. Most likely he referred to Scandinavian countries with similar needs. And in particular Denmark with the . This class has a comparable role and sensor suite to De Zeven Provinciën. Commander of the Royal Netherlands Navy René Tas repeated this ambition the next day at the opening of a conference at the TU Delft. Tas elaborated by saying multiple letters of intent were signed with Denmark, Finland, Germany, Norway and Sweden to, in terms of naval ship building, collaborate on future weapon systems. The Dutch navy will now investigate if one or more of these countries is interested to participate.

See also
 Future of the Royal Netherlands Navy

Citations 

Proposed ships of the Royal Netherlands Navy
German Navy
Frigate classes