omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
CycleNetXChange. CycleNetXChange  provides a standard format with which to exchange cycle path data, together with information about the quality of routes; This enables computerised transport systems to provide cycle routes.

This UK National Cycle Path network  schema  (CycleNetXChange) defines an exchange  format for an exchange of cycle path data together with information relevant to cycling about the quality of routes; . It is a component of the UK national transport information infrastructure and is based on a number of other UK and ISO standards.

The format allows cycle path data to be collected by different communities and exchanged to provide cycle Journey planners and other navigation products.

The CycleNetXChange schema is in draft and is intended to become  a UK national de facto standard sponsored by the UK Department of Transport. CycleNet is based on the Ordnance Survey DNF (Digital National Framework) for referencing objects and the ITN (Integrated Transport Network) schema and can be used in conjunction with road and map data that conforms to the DNF. 

The standard has been developed by Transport Direct to enable the delivery with Cycling England of as the National Cycle Journey Planner element of the Transport Direct Portal.

Working party

The following people contributed to the development of the standard:
Kevin Bossley: Wherefromhere
Colin Henderson: Ordnance Survey
David Kirton: Camden Consultancy Services
Peter Miller: ITO World
Nick Knowles: Kizoom
Simon Nuttall: CycleStreets
Richard Shaw: WS Atkins
Jonathan Shewell Cooper: Atos Origin
Shane Snow, Department for Transport

See also 
NaPTAN
GovTalk
TransXChange

References

External links 
 
Transport Direct
Cycle Journey Planner

Cycling in the United Kingdom
National Cycle Network
AG Märkische Kleinbahn. The AG Märkische Kleinbahn or MKB in Berlin is a German railway museum and heritage railway, founded in 1981, with legal status as a society since 1982. It has set itself the task of preserving historical railway vehicles and other items of railway technology (e.g. signalling equipment, communication and safety equipment) in an operational state or for museum display and to make them accessible to the public. Their centre of operations is the locomotive shed at Schönow.

Vehicles 
The MKB's vehicles, sites and special exhibits are maintained voluntarily by members. As far as permission for railway operations is required, the inspections required by law are carried out by the Federal Railway Office (Eisenbahn-Bundesamt).

Operational vehicles which can move under their own power are:
MKB 01 – Kleinlokomotive Kö 0128, 25 PS diesel engine
MKB 51 – Rottenkraftwagen ex Klv-51, 75 PS diesel engine
MKB 52 – Motorised draisine ex Klv-12, 26 PS petrol engine
MKB 53 – Hand-operated draisine ex TCDD, human powered
MKB 55 – Motorised draisine ex MÁV, 14 PS petrol engine
In addition there are various goods wagons (some still being refurbished), a Behelfspersonenwagen of Prussian design and a railway post van (stored).

Other exhibits 
A ticket office based on a historical prototype, a ticket printing press, the training signal box "Frohnau" and the MKB's 'signal garden' give a glimpse behind the scenes of railway operations.

Operations 
The MKB is a co-user of the Zehlendorf Railway with operating rights on its former facilities. Rail services, as on other museum railways are not carried out by the MKB, whose operations are limited to shunting. Nevertheless, visitors may ride on the vehicles at the museum site. Each year in September the activities and progress with the society's work are exhibited to the public at an open day.

Sources
:de:AG Märkische Kleinbahn

External links 
AG Märkische Kleinbahn e.V.

Heritage railways in Germany
Museums in Berlin
Railway museums in Germany
Buildings and structures in Steglitz-Zehlendorf
SweClockers.com. SweClockers.com is a Swedish online magazine about computers and computer hardware, founded in 1999, with about 270,000 unique visitors per week and 200,000 registered users, as of August 2017. The website has one of Sweden's largests forums which is focused on computer hardware, software, modding and overclocking. Folding@SweClockers.com is the most successful Nordic team in the distributed computing project Folding@Home and has its own forum on the website.

References

External links 

Online magazines
Internet forums
Swedish websites
Magazines established in 1999
Computer magazines published in Sweden
Swedish-language magazines
1999 establishments in Sweden
Post office box (electricity). The post office box was a Wheatstone bridge–style testing device with pegs and spring arms to close electrical circuits and measure properties of the circuit under test.

Resistance measurement
The boxes were used in the United Kingdom by engineers from then General Post Office, who were responsible for UK telecommunications to trace electrical faults, i.e. to determine where a break occurred in a cable which could be several miles in length. It works on the principle of Wheatstone bridge to identify the resistance of wire connected and then by using wire resistivity and cross section calculating length of wire and thus determining where the cable had broken.
 
Post office boxes were common pieces of scientific apparatus in the UK O-Level and A-Level schools public examination physics syllabus in the 1960s.

Construction
A typical post office box is in a wooden box with a hinged lid and a metal or bakelite panel showing circuit connections. Coils of wire are wound non-inductively, mounted in the body of the box, and have a negligible temperature coefficient.

Pairs of ratio arms are each 5 10 20 ohms. Resistance arms contains a number of coils from 1 to 5000 ohms with a plug for infinite resistance.

See also

References 

Electrical meters
Electronic test equipment
Historical scientific instruments
Scientific instruments
JCH. JCH may refer to:

Places 
 Janet Clarke Hall, University of Melbourne, Australia
 Jersey Community Hospital, Illinois, US
 Edith and Carl Marks Jewish Community House of Bensonhurst, New York, US
 Jurong Community Hospital, Singapore
 James Cook railway station, England (by code)
 Qasigiannguit Heliport, Greenland (by IATA code)

Other uses 
 Jaynes–Cummings–Hubbard model, in quantum optics
 Journal of Contemporary History (since 1966)
Kazuo Tsukuda. is the chairman of Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, one of the core companies of the Mitsubishi Group.

Born in 1943. Tsukuda graduated from the School of Engineering of the University of Tokyo in 1968 with an advanced degree in marine mechanical engineering and joined Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) immediately after graduation. After years with the company he eventually became deputy general manager of Takasago Machinery Works and, later, general manager of Nagoya Machinery Works.

Tsukuda became a member of the board of directors of MHI in June 1999. In April 2002 he was appointed a managing director and the general manager for the Global Strategic Planning & Operations Headquarters. In June 2003, Tsukuda became president of MHI. Tsukuda became a director and a advisor of MHI in April 2013 and an advisor of MHI in June 2013.

References

External links 
 Kazuo Tsukuda 1943– President, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries

21st-century Japanese businesspeople
University of Tokyo alumni
Living people
1943 births
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries people
REP Parasol. The R.E.P. 'Parasol' Type L was a military reconnaissance aircraft designed and produced in France by Robert Esnault-Pelterie (hence R.E.P.) in 1914.

Design and development
It was a wire-braced, parasol-wing monoplane with a fixed, tailskid undercarriage. In France it was usually described as "Monoplan R.E.P. à ailes surélevées" (literally monoplane R.E.P. with elevated wings), and also as the "R.E.P. Vision Totale" (R.E.P. Total Vision).

The fuselage was constructed of steel tube and was of triangular cross-section, with the apex on the ventral side. The pilot and observer sat in tandem, open cockpits. Lateral control was by wing warping, using a complex fan of cables above and below the wings. The upper cables were carried over a pylon of tandem struts, strut braced across the top. Two versions were produced: a single-seater with a 45-kW (60-hp) le Rhône engine, and a two-seater with a 60-kW (80-hp) Gnome engine. It was armed with one machine-gun.

Operational history 

While France's Aéronautique Militaire did not purchase the design, and continued to use the Type N, Britain's Royal Naval Air Service purchased twelve examples. (serial no's 8454–8465). The first of these were delivered in August 1915 and were used during the early stages of the First World War.

The RNAS operated from Dunkirk and its main task was the bombing of German airfields to prevent attacks by aircraft on the British fleet. On, October 3, 1915, one of these aircraft, serial 8460 and flown by Flight Lieutenant Erroll Boyd from No.1 Wing, was on a bombing mission along the coast of Belgium, when it was hit by anti-aircraft fire. It made a forced landing in the Netherlands in and was interned there. The aircraft was subsequently purchased from the United Kingdom, repaired and entered Dutch military service on November 3, 1915 as LA23 (in 1918 this aircraft was reregistered as REP-3). It was later used for taxiing training.

Operators 
 
 Royal Naval Air Service
 No.1 Wing
 No.4 Wing
 
 Luchtvaartafdeeling

Specifications (R.E.P. Parasol two seater)

See also

References

Citations

Bibliography
 

 

1910s French military reconnaissance aircraft
REP aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Parasol-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1914
Rotary-engined aircraft
Packard DR-980. The Packard DR-980 is an American nine-cylinder air-cooled aircraft Diesel engine first certificated in 1930. The engine was unpopular despite its economy and reliability due to the unpleasant nature of its diesel exhaust fumes and considerable vibration when running; approximately 100 were built.

Design and development
Designed by Captain Lionel Woolson and Professor Hermann Dorner, the DR-980 made the first cross-country flight with a Diesel-powered aircraft in the United States when Woolson flew from Detroit to Langley Field in 1929, a distance of 700 miles (1,126 km) with a flight time of 6 hours and 40 minutes. On a later flight in a Stinson Detroiter from Detroit to Miami, the new engine showed its economy, the cost for fuel consumption being less than one cent a mile. This aircraft (complete with its engine) is preserved at the Golden Wings Flying Museum.

In 1930, the DR-980 passed its 50-hour certification test with a continuous rating of 225 hp (168 kW) at 1,950 rpm.  Production of the DR-980 ceased following the death of Captain Woolson in an aviation accident in April 1930; his legacy was the award of the Collier Trophy in 1931 to the Packard Motor Car Company for its work with this type of engine.

One recognizable feature of later DR-980s was the oil cooler, a spiral of metal tubing placed around the propeller shaft.

Endurance record
On 28 May 1931, a Bellanca CH-300 fitted with a DR-980, piloted by Walter Edwin Lees and Frederic Brossy, set a record for staying aloft for 84 hours and 32 minutes without being refueled. This record was not broken until 55 years later by the Rutan Voyager.

Radiophone Communications Record
On 3 June 1929 the first two-way, radiophone communication took place over the skies of the Packard Proving Grounds in Utica, (now Shelby Township, Michigan).  Heretofore, gasoline powered aircraft caused too much electromagnetic interference for the weak voice signal to be heard over the static.  Only a strong Morse code signal could be heard.  As diesel engines neither have spark plugs, nor spark plug wiring the EM static was greatly reduced and allowed voice communication to be used. The two-way ground to plane voice communication was witnessed by the U.S. Department of Commerce.

Applications
Aero A.35 – prototype OK-AUA
Bellanca CH-200
Bellanca CH-300
Brunner-Winkle Bird
Buhl Airsedan
Ford Model 11
Mooney A-1
O-17 Courier
Stewart M-2
Stinson Detroiter
Verville Sport Trainer
Waco HSO and HTO

Engines on display

Museo Nacional de Aeronáutica de Argentina
National Museum of the United States Air Force.

Specifications (DR-980)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 Gunston, Bill. World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. 
Aircraft Engine Historical Society – Packard Engines
Aircraft Engine Historical Society – Development of the Diesel Aircraft Engine

External links

National Museum of the USAF – DR-980 factsheet

Air-cooled aircraft piston engines
Aircraft radial diesel engines
1920s aircraft piston engines
DR-980
Abrasive jet machining. Abrasive jet machining (AJM), also known as abrasive micro-blasting, pencil blasting and micro-abrasive blasting, is an abrasive blasting machining process that uses abrasives propelled by a high velocity gas to erode material from the workpiece. Common uses include cutting heat-sensitive, brittle, thin, or hard materials. Specifically it is used to cut intricate shapes or form specific edge shapes.

Process
Material is removed by fine abrasive particles, usually about  in diameter, driven by a high velocity fluid stream; common gases are air or inert gases. Pressures for the gas range from 25 to 130 psig (170–900 kPa or 4 bars) and speeds can be as high as 300 m/s (1,000 km/h).

Equipment
AJM machines are usually self-contained bench-top units. First it compresses the gas and then mixes it with the abrasive in a mixing chamber. The gas passes through a convergent-divergent nozzle before entering the mixing chamber, and then exits through a convergent nozzle. The nozzle can be hand held or mounted in a fixture for automatic operations.

Nozzles must be highly resistant to abrasion and are typically made of tungsten carbide or synthetic sapphire. For average material removal, tungsten carbide nozzles have a useful life of 12 to 30 hours, and sapphire nozzles last about 400 hours. The distance of the nozzle from the workpiece affects the size of the machined area and the rate of material removal.

Advantages and disadvantages
The main advantages are its flexibility, low heat production, and ability to machine hard and brittle materials. Its flexibility owes from its ability to use hoses to transport the gas and abrasive to any part of the workpiece. Normally inaccessible portion can be machined with good accuracy. 

One of the main disadvantages is its slow material removal rate; for this reason it is usually used as a finishing process. Another disadvantage is that the process produces a tapered cut.

See also

References

Abrasive blasting
Industrial processes
Machining
AIL Abir. The M462 Abir (English: "Knight") is a 4x4 military vehicle in service with the Israel Defense Forces, developed by  Automotive Industries Ltd. to serve as a replacement for the M325.

Specifications
The M462 can carry 13 troops or a cargo of 1800 kg. The M462 can be fitted with one forward machine gun and a side machine gun.

Variants

M462 Abir: standard model.
M462 ATGM Portee: with BGM-71 TOW.
M462 M40A2 Portee: with M40A2 106mm recoilless rifle.
M462 Rhino: a 4x4 armoured vehicle based on the M462, used for high-risk area patrol, riot control, special operations, and command post.
M462 Fire: bush fire engine.
M462 Ambulance: military ambulance, 4 litter cases or 8 sitting patients.
 Anti-tank: armed with two Nimrod anti-tank missile pods

Operators

Current operators

Actual

Former

References

External links

Military vehicles of Israel
Military vehicles introduced in the 1960s
Hebei University of Engineering. Hebei University of Engineering () is a provincial university based in Handan, Hebei, China.

It was established in 2003 from the amalgamation of individual colleges: Hebei Institute of Architectural Science and Technology, North China Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydro-electric Power, Handan Medicine College and Handan Agriculture College.

In 2006, Ministry of Education of China authorised the university to change its name to Hebei University of Engineering. The university now specialises in the fields of civil engineering, together with science disciplines, water power, agriculture and medicine.

Location

The university has four campuses, namely Main, Zhong Hua Nan, Congtai and Mingguan, the university covers an area of 2,340 mu (1,560,800 square meters), with a building area of 830,000 square meters.

Faculty structure 
The university is organised into the following departments:

School of Science
School of Architecture
School of Civil Engineering
School of Urban Construction
School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering
School of Resource Science
School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering
School of Economy and Management
School of Humanities
School of Natural Science
School of Agriculture
School of Hydraulic and Hydro-power
School of Medicine

References

External links
 

Universities and colleges in Hebei
Educational institutions established in 2003
2003 establishments in China
Rohrbach Ro XI Rostra. The Rohrbach Ro XI Rostra was a flying boat built in Germany in 1928 for use as a transatlantic mail plane.

Design and development
The Ro XI shared the same general configuration its predecessor, the Ro V Rocco: a conventional, high-wing flying boat with cruciform empennage and two engines mounted tractor-fashion in nacelles mounted on struts above the wing. The flight deck and cabin were fully enclosed. However, while the Rocco's wings had been braced by struts, the Rostra's wings were a fully cantilever design. The aircraft featured a set of masts and sails that could be deployed for extended travel on water in the event of a forced landing.

By late 1928, Philadelphia journalist Mildred Johnson was organising an east-to-west transatlantic flight aboard the Rostra, initially with three other passengers, but later as the sole passenger. In middle of 1929, the Rostra made a preliminary  round trip between Travemünde and Stockholm carrying ten passengers, and a longer-range flight to Iceland was planned.

Specifications

See also

References

1920s German mailplanes
Flying boats
Rostra
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1928
Twin piston-engined tractor aircraft
Wall rock. Wall rock is the rock that constitutes the wall of an area undergoing geologic activity. Examples are the rock along the neck of a volcano, on the edge of a pluton that is being emplaced, along a fault plane, enclosing a mineral deposit, or where a vein or dike is being emplaced.

In volcanoes, wall rock can often become broken off the wall and incorporated into the erupted volcanic rock as xenoliths. These xenoliths are important to geologists because they can come from rock units that are otherwise not exposed at the Earth's surface.

See also
 Country rock (geology)

References
WordNet

 
Rock formations
Guangxi University of Science and Technology. Guangxi University of Science and Technology (GXUT; ) is a university based in Liuzhou, Guangxi, China.

History 
The university was established in Nanning by the government of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 1958. During the period of 1961 to 1982 university operations were suspended. The university was re-established in 1982 by amalgamating with Guangxi Light Industry College, Guangxi Mechanical Engineering College and Guangxi Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, to form Guangxi University of Technology.

In 1985, the university moved from Nanning, the capital city of Guangxi, to Liuzhou. In 2013, the university merged with Liuzhou Medical College, to form Guangxi University of Science and Technology.

References

External links
Official Website

Universities and colleges in Guangxi
Universities and colleges established in 1958
1958 establishments in China
Alessandro Cruto. Alessandro Cruto was an Italian inventor, born in the town of Piossasco, near Turin, who created an early incandescent light bulb.

Son of a construction foreman, he attended the school of architecture at the University of Turin, while also attending Physics and Chemistry lectures with the dream of crystallizing carbon to obtain diamonds. In 1872 he opened a small workshop in his home village where he conducted tests on the production of pure carbon from ethylene. His efforts were rewarded in 1874 when his experiments succeeded in producing thin sheets of graphite, albeit his initial purpose was that of producing diamonds.

After attending some conferences held by Galileo Ferraris about the contemporary advances in electric technology – whose topics included Thomas Edison's experiments to find a suitable filament for incandescent lights – he discovered that a carbon filament treated with ethylene under high pressure and temperature acquired a positive resistance coefficient (its resistance depends on temperature; when temperature increases, it increases its resistance).
Cruto's filament is produced by deposition of graphite on thin platinum filaments in the presence of gaseous hydrocarbons. Sublimating this platinum at high temperatures leaves behind thin filaments of super-pure graphite.
He thought that his discovery could be used in incandescent lights instead of carbonized bamboo filament.
Helped by Naccari, he experimented with his invention in 1880 in the physics laboratory of the University of Turin.

In 1882, he attended the Electricity Expo at Munich, where he gained fame with his technologically new light globe whose efficiency was better than that of Edison's light bulb, also because it produced a white light instead of the yellowish light of Edison's globe.
His success was repeated at the International Turin Expo of 1884 to the extent that he sold his project in France, Switzerland, Cuba and United States.

After these successes and because his manufacturing facilities in Piossasco were inadequate, he decided to move his activities to a more suitable location. Such a location was identified in Alpignano where in 1885-1886 he founded a light globe factory that he managed until 1889 and that eventually grew to a productivity level of 1000 light bulbs a day.
Eventually, due to strong disagreements with the factory new management, he resigned in order to pursue his favorite activity as an inventor.
His old factory was sold a number of times, went bankrupt and was eventually acquired by Philips in 1927.

Cruto married late in life and spent the rest of his life between his family and his old laboratory. He continued his experiments on the accumulation of atmospheric energy and the invention of a toy called mosca elettrica ("electrical fly"). Cruto died, almost forgotten by all, in 1908.

Notes

External links 
Ecomuseo della lampadina "Alessandro Cruto" di Alpignano - Ecomuseum of the light bulb "Alessandro Cruto" in Alpignano"

1908 deaths
19th-century Italian inventors
1847 births
University of Turin alumni
Scientists from Turin