omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Staged detonation. Staged detonation is an overall principle used for many explosive devices. A general description of the principle is that one explosive compound with one set of properties is detonated, and the detonation wave from this is transfers into another explosive compound with different set of properties.

The principle is most often used for detonating insensitive explosive compounds by using stages of less and less sensitive explosive compounds. A simple example is the common industrial detonator, where a very small amount of a sensitive explosive detonates, causing the less sensitive main charge of the detonator to detonate. It may involve additional steps where successively less sensitive compounds trigger a detonation wave in each other, with stages including various types of booster charges.

Staged detonation may be used to initiate cheap and insensitive mining explosives, but the principle has other uses. In certain applications there is a need to modify the shape of a detonation wave travelling through an explosive material. One example of this can be found in explosive lenses, in which case the properties of different explosive compounds are used to initiate each stage in the detonation with a specific relative delay, creating a detonation wave with a non conventional shape. That shape can for example be a spherical wave travelling in towards the centre of that sphere, or any other shape required. This principle is used in many areas in high energy research, as well as in nuclear weapons.

The principle does not necessarily involve different explosive compounds. Because the properties of an explosive compound is in some degree related to its density, which is a result of with what pressure it is compressed during manufacture, the stages in a staged detonation may also come from each section having been pressed to a different density, giving it varying properties.

The term "staged detonation" may also refer to a method where several explosive charges are set to detonate in series with a given delay between them. This method called "delayed detonation". This method is commonly used in industrial demolition activities such as mining.

History and development of the principle
The use of a primary and secondary explosive was the first practical use of the staged detonation principle, and was revolutionary to the safety of the mining industry. After this staged detonation is used in everything from explosive lenses in nuclear weapons (where the different properties of each explosive create a perfectly spherical detonation wave moving in towards origo) to mining where each blasting operation requires several stages to detonate each main charge, not only the primary and secondary explosive used in the simplest staged detonation.

References
Coelho AC-11. The Coelho AC-11 (also called the AC.11 and AC 11) is a Brazilian homebuilt aircraft that was designed and produced by Altair Coelho of Eldorado do Sul and introduced in 1994. The aircraft was intended to be supplied as a kit for amateur construction, but only one was completed.

Design and development
The aircraft features a V-strut-braced low-wing, a two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration enclosed cockpit, fixed tricycle landing gear or optionally conventional landing gear and a single engine in tractor configuration.

The aircraft fuselage is made from welded  steel tube, while the wing is plywood, with some surfaces covered in doped aircraft fabric and some covered in plywood. Its  span wing has a wing area of  and employs a NACA 4412 airfoil. The cabin width is . The acceptable power range is  and the engine used for the prototype was a   Volkswagen air-cooled engine with a steel-pulley and polyurethane chain-driven 2:1 reduction drive.

The aircraft has a typical empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload for pilot, passenger and baggage is .

The standard day, sea level, no wind, take off with a  engine is  and the landing roll is .

The manufacturer estimated the construction time of the prototype as 1600 hours.

Operational history
By 1998 the company reported that one conventional gear version of the aircraft was completed and flying, while a tricycle gear version was under construction.

Specifications (AC-11)

References

External links

AC-11
1990s Brazilian sport aircraft
1990s Brazilian ultralight aircraft
1990s Brazilian civil utility aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
HPE. HPE may refer to:

Cars
 Lancia Beta HPE, introduced 1975
 Lancia Delta HPE, introduced 1995

Organizations
 Hennessey Performance Engineering, American hypercar manufacturer
 Hewlett Packard Enterprise, American multinational information technology company
 United Alignment of Nationalists (Greek: ), a Greek political alliance
 Êzîdxan Protection Force (Kurdish: )

Science and technology
 High-pressure electrolysis
 Holoprosencephaly, a cephalic disorder

Other uses
 High Point Enterprise, a US newspaper
 Hope railway station (Wales) (station code), in Flintshire, Wales
American Homebuilts John Doe. The American Homebuilts John Doe is an American STOL homebuilt aircraft that was designed by Steve Nusbaum and produced by American Homebuilts of Hebron, Illinois, first flown in 1994. When it was available the aircraft was supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

Design and development
The aircraft was given its name because the designer and his wife, Carla Nusbaum, could not decide on an appropriate name for the design.

The John Doe features a strut-braced high-wing, a two-seats-in-tandem enclosed cabin, fixed conventional landing gear and a single engine in tractor configuration.

The aircraft is made from welded steel tubing, with its flying surfaces covered in doped aircraft fabric. Its  span wing mounts flaps, leading edge slats, drooping ailerons, stall fences, winglets and has a wing area of . It employs a NACA 4415 airfoil. The acceptable power range is  and the standard engines used are the  Continental IO-240 and  Continental O-200 powerplants.

The aircraft has a typical empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload for the pilot, passenger and baggage is .

The standard day, sea level, no wind, take off with a  engine is  and the landing roll is .

The manufacturer estimated the construction time from the supplied kit as 400 hours.

Operational history
By 1998 the company reported that one had been completed and was flying.

By December 2007 a total of three had been completed.

In April 2015 one example was registered in the United States with the Federal Aviation Administration, although a total of three had been registered at one time.

Specifications (John Doe)

References

External links
Photo of a John Doe

John Doe
1990s United States sport aircraft
1990s United States civil utility aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Blackbird Guitars. Blackbird Guitars is a musical instrument company that manufactures acoustic guitars and ukuleles from composite materials, including carbon fiber and ekoa, a flax linen reinforcement fabric in a bio-epoxy matrix. The company has made contributions to both the field of luthiery and the field of composite design, notably with the composite all-hollow unibody instrument design used on all Blackbird models, as well as the development and use of Ekoa in the construction of fretted instruments. 

Blackbird is located in the Mission District of San Francisco, Northern California, and as of 2015, produces about 400 instruments per year

History
The company was founded in 2005 by Joe Luttwak and Kyle Wolf in San Francisco with the intent of producing travel guitars with composite materials, which are more durable than wooden guitars. In 2007, Blackbird released its first model, a carbon fiber steel string travel guitar called the Rider, which was the first all-hollow unibody instrument made of composite materials. The innovation produces increased volume. In 2008, the company released a nylon version of the Rider, also made of carbon fiber. In 2009, the company released a carbon fiber OM-sized steel string guitar called the Super Om. 

In 2010, the company released a carbon fiber ukulele, a tenor size model. In 2011, the company released a carbon fiber OO-sized guitar called the Lucky 13. In 2013, the company released a concert size ukulele called The Clara, which was the first musical instrument built with Ekoa. Blackbird has received innovation awards in the composite design field for the Clara, having received recognition at The Composites And Advanced Material Expo (CAMX), JEC Americas, and Industrial Designers Society of America.

In 2014, the company announced a jumbo-sized steel string guitar made of eKoa called El Capitan, which was the first guitar built with Ekoa.

Patents Held
. 
.

References

External links
 

Guitar manufacturing companies of the United States
Ukulele makers
Manufacturing companies based in San Francisco
Manufacturing companies established in 2005
2005 establishments in California
American companies established in 2005
American Homebuilts. American Homebuilts Corporation  was an American aircraft manufacturer, founded by Steve Nusbaum and based in Hebron, Illinois. The company specialized in the design and manufacture of light aircraft in the form of kits for amateur construction.

Nusbaum formed the company circa 1994 to develop and market the American Homebuilts John Doe STOL two-seat homebuilt aircraft. The company was out of business by October 2006.

By April 2015 the Federal Aviation Administration had one John Doe registered in the United States, although three had been registered at one time. Two were prototypes, formerly registered to Nusbaum, while the third, still registered, was a customer aircraft, completed in 2012.

Aircraft

References

External links
Company website archives on Archive.org

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United States
Homebuilt aircraft
Bede BD-12. The Bede BD-12 was an American homebuilt aircraft designed by Jim Bede and produced by Bede Aircraft of Medina, Ohio, introduced in the 1990s. The aircraft was intended to be supplied as a kit for amateur construction, but only one was ever built. It first flew in 1995.

Design and development
Designed as a scaled-up Bede BD-5, the BD-12 featured a cantilever low-wing, a two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration enclosed cockpit under a gull-wing canopy, retractable tricycle landing gear and a single engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft was made from fibre-reinforced plastic composite materials. Its  span wing, mounted flaps and had a wing area of . The standard engines used were the  Continental O-200A or the  Lycoming O-320 powerplant.

The aircraft had a typical empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload for the pilot, passenger and baggage was .

The standard day, sea level, no wind, takeoff with a  engine was  and the landing roll was .

The company that currently owns the rights to the design, BedeCorp, indicates that production was not started due to the cost of tooling and the lack of funds.

The design was further developed into the Bede BD-14, a four-seat version.

Operational history
In April 2015 no examples were registered in the United States with the Federal Aviation Administration, although one had been registered to the designer at one time.

Variants
BD-12B
Version with  Continental O-200A engine.
BD-12C
Version with  Lycoming O-320 engine.

Specifications (BD-12)

References

External links

BD-12
1990s United States sport aircraft
1990s United States civil utility aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1995
Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear
SMK Muhammadiyah 7 Gondanglegi. SMK Muhammadiyah 7 Gondanglegi (SMK MUTU) is one of the vocational schools engaged in the field of technology and engineering, business and management, and health with 10 majors or competency skills which stood on the initiative Gondanglegi District Branch Chairman of Muhammadiyah Malang with Pendiirian decree by the Minister of National Education, No. 23428 / MPK, dated 24-07-1994. SMK Muhammadiyah 7 Gondanglegi has embarked on implementing management standards ISO 9001 since 2009, and today has been certified ISO 9001: 2008. In the years 2014 - 2015 was nominated as Referral Vocational School.

Schools in Indonesia
Metal Shop (Urbana, Illinois). The Metal Shop, also known as Aeronautical Lab B, was a historic building located at 1022 South Burrill Avenue on the campus of the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign. Built in 1895, the building served as a metal shop for the university's architecture and engineering students. Nathan Clifford Ricker, who later served as Dean of the College of Engineering, designed the building. The design was more functional than Ricker's other work on the campus; its only decorative element is a brick arched loggia in front of the entrance.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 9, 1986. It was demolished in 1993 but is still listed on the National Register.

References

University and college buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Illinois
Buildings and structures of the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign
Buildings and structures completed in 1895
National Register of Historic Places in Champaign County, Illinois
Buildings and structures in Urbana, Illinois
1895 establishments in Illinois
1993 disestablishments in Illinois
Buildings and structures demolished in 1993
MV Chimacum. MV Chimacum is the third vessel of the  auto ferries for the Washington State Ferries system. The ship was built by Vigor Industrial at their shipyard in Seattle, Washington and entered service on the Seattle–Bremerton route in 2017.

Description and design

The  auto ferries, also known as the 144 Car Ferries, are based on the Issaquah design. They measure  long overall and  between perpendiculars with a beam at the lower vehicle deck of  and a draft at design load waterline of . The vessels have a displacement at design load waterline of .

Ferries of the Olympic class are powered by two Electro-Motive Diesel (EMD) two-stroke 12-710G7C diesel engines, each mounted at either end of the ferry turning a propeller at each end of the ship creating  total. This gives the ships a maximum speed of  and the vessels have capacity for  of diesel fuel. The Olympic-class ferries were designed with two car decks, a sun deck and a passenger deck. They can load up to 144 automobiles, using a ramp that is two lanes wide. The ferries can embark 1,500 persons with seating for 1,300.

Construction and career
The Olympic class is the result of the Washington State Department of Transportation requiring replacements for its aging ferry fleet. Funding for a third Olympic-class vessel was authorized in the Spring 2014 session of the Washington State Legislature, and the keel laying and first weld took place on December 9, 2014. The name Chimacum, the gathering place of the Chemakum tribe, was chosen by the Washington State Transportation Commission in November 2014.

She was christened on September 14, 2016 by Lynne Griffith, who at the time was serving as the head of the ferries system, the first woman to hold the office. The ceremony took place at the Vigor Industrial shipyard on Seattle's Harbor Island. She was delivered to Washington State Ferries on April 7, 2017, with her entry into service, replacing , expected in the following months.  The vessel cost $123 million approximately. Chimacum was forced into a three-day early temporary service on May 24 after  suffered a mechanical breakdown and all other vessels were in maintenance until , could replace her on the Seattle–Bremerton run to finish sea trials and training. The vessel entered regular service in June 2017 on the Seattle–Bremerton route. In November 2020, Chimacum was the only ferry servicing the route after emergency repairs were required for fleetmate .

References

External links 
 Washington State Ferries – Chimacum Vessel Details

Ships built in Seattle
Washington State Ferries vessels
2016 ships
ACE College of Engineering, Trivandrum. ACE College of Engineering is an educational institution of engineering located in Pachalloor, Thiruvallom in Thiruvananthapuram, India. It offers engineering at Bachelor level. It is affiliated to APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University. Since 2015, its affiliated to the newly formed A P J Abdul Kalam Technological University. It is approved by All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE). All admission in controlled by AICTE and based on KEAM Entrance Exam (KEAM Code - MHP).

Departments
The following departments offer Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech.)
 Aeronautical Engineering - 60 students per year
 Electronics & Communication Engineering - 60 students per year
 Electrical & Electronics Engineering - 60 students per year
 Civil Engineering - 60 students per year
 Mechanical Engineering - 60 students per year

Campus
The campus has two blocks, one for First Year Students and Main College Building . The college has tutorial rooms, drawing halls, library, computer centre, reading rooms, workshops and laboratories. The institute has a playground, a cafeteria and facilities like hostels, transport, medical care centre. Hostel facilities for men are available.

Centre for Training and Placements
The Training and Placement Cell is staffed with full-time placement professionals. It offers students an employment placement and skill enhancement training. An MoU with Tata Consultancy Services on assistance in Placement and Training was signed which assures 50% placement in TCS and placement assistance to the rest for people entitled in the training program.

Sports
The institute has indoor and outdoor sports facilities including badminton, volleyball, table tennis, and a gymnasium. The college hosted Kerala University Inter-Collegiate boxing championship in 2014.

Certifications
The college was awarded ISO 9001:2008 Certification for Quality Management System by UKAS. The auditing was done by Intertek.

References

External links
 ACE College of Engineering - Official website

All India Council for Technical Education
Engineering colleges in Thiruvananthapuram
Educational institutions established in 2013
2013 establishments in Kerala
List of ISRO missions. This is a list of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) missions. ISRO has carried out 125 spacecraft missions, 92 launch missions and planned several missions including the Gaganyaan (crewed/robotic) and Interplanetary mission such as Lunar Polar Exploration Mission, Chandrayaan-4, Shukrayaan and Mangalyaan-2 (Mars Lander Mission).

Completed missions

Lunar

Solar

Interplanetary

Astronomy

Planned mission's of ISRO

Other missions 

There are also various Indian satellite which contain science related instruments as secondary payloads. The main objective of these satellites are not Space Science. For example an X-ray payload was flown aboard Aryabhatta, the first Indian satellite. 

The STS-51-B Space Shuttle Challenger mission consisted of Anuradha, an Indian Cosmic Ray Experiment. It consisted of a Barrel shaped recorder consisting of plastic sheets. It detected cosmic rays at the rate of seven a minute for 64 hours and produced 10000 sheets of data.

In the SROSS-C2, satellite of the Stretched Rohini Satellite Series, a Gamma-ray burst detector was flown.

See also 
 List of Indian satellites
 List of foreign satellites launched by India
 List of NASA missions
 List of European Space Agency programmes and missions

References

External links 
 ISRO – official website
 ISRO Missions List: Past, Present, and Future

Missions
Lists of space missions
India science and technology-related lists
National Supercomputer Center in Guangzhou. The National Supercomputer Center in Guangzhou houses Tianhe-2, which is currently the seventh fastest supercomputer in the world, with a measured 33.86 petaflop/s (quadrillions of calculations per second).  Tianhe-2 is operated by the National University of Defence Technology, and owned by the Chinese government.

See also

 Supercomputing in China
 National Supercomputing Center of Tianjin
 National Supercomputing Center (Shenzhen)
 Shanghai Supercomputer Center

References

External links
National Supercomputing Center in Guangzhou

Guangzhou
Computer science institutes in China
Science and technology in China
Supercomputer sites
Supercomputing in China
2014 establishments in China
2014 in Guangzhou
Bede BD-14. The Bede BD-14 was an American homebuilt aircraft, designed by Jim Bede and produced by Bede Aircraft of Medina, Ohio, introduced in the 1990s. The aircraft was intended to be supplied as a kit for amateur construction, but only one was ever built.

Design and development
Designed as a four-seat development of the Bede BD-12, which was, in turn, a two-seat version of the single-seat Bede BD-5, the BD-14 was to feature a cantilever low-wing, a four-seat enclosed cockpit under a gull-wing canopy, retractable tricycle landing gear and a single engine in pusher configuration. The aircraft was built from fibre-reinforced plastic composite materials.

The company that currently owns the rights to the design, BedeCorp, indicates that production was not started due to the cost of tooling and the lack of funds.

Operational history
In April 2015 no examples were registered in the United States with the Federal Aviation Administration, although one had been registered to the designer at one time.

Variants
BD-14A
Prototype
BD-14B
Proposed production version.

Specifications (BD-14A)

References

External links

BD-14
1990s United States sport aircraft
1990s United States civil utility aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft