omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
BS EN 13121-3. BS EN 13121-3 is European Standard adopted by UK, titled "GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground. Design and workmanship". Design and workmanship is the final part within a four parts standard series which specifies the necessary requirements for design, fabrication, inspection and testing by manufacturers and specifiers within the area of chemical storage.

The standard was prepared under the European Commission Mandate 83/139/EEC the Pressure Equipment Directive (PED). In Europe this has been in force since May 2002 and all organizations in the European Union are obliged to comply with it.

Industry Concern 
With the publication of BS EN 13121-3, BS 4994:1987 Specification for design and construction of vessels and tanks in reinforced plastics is declared obsolescent in European Union. However FRP fabricators and design engineers elsewhere are still using it, as it covers those tanks still in service as tanks made from GRP are generally accepted to have a long working life.

See also 
 BS4994
 FRP tanks and vessels

References

Storage tanks
13121-3
SCSI Pass Through Interface. SCSI Pass Through Interface (SPTI) is an application programming interface (API) accessing a SCSI device. It is developed by Microsoft Corporation and is part of the Windows NT family of operating systems.

Overview 
The storage port drivers provide an interface for Win32 applications to send SCSI Command Descriptor Block (CDB) messages to SCSI devices. The interfaces are IOCTL_SCSI_PASS_THROUGH and IOCTL_SCSI_PASS_THROUGH_DIRECT. Applications can build a pass-through request and send it to the device by using this IOCTL.

SPTI is accessible to Windows software using the DeviceIoControl Windows API.

ImgBurn offers SPTI as a method for accessing optical disc drives.

Other SCSI interfaces 
 Windows:
 Advanced SCSI Programming Interface (ASPI) by Adaptec, Nero AG and Pinnacle Systems
 ASAPI by VOB Computersysteme GmbH and Pinnacle Systems
 ElbyCDIO by Elaborate Bytes
 Patin-Couffin by VSO Software
 SCSI Pass-Through Direct (SPTD) by Duplex Secure, Ltd.
 The SCSI pass-through driver for Linux is called "SCSI generic" ()

References

Further reading 

Application programming interfaces
SCSI
Device drivers
Curtiss Teal. The Curtiss Model 57 Teal was an American monoplane amphibian designed and built by the Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company. Two versions were built, a three-seater and four-seater but only one of each was built.

The Teal was a monoplane amphibian with the pusher engine pod-mounted above the wing center section. It was designed for the private user, but due to the economic pressures of 1930s America only one three-seater, Teal A-1 registered N969V and a four-seater Teal B-1 registered N970V were built.

Variants
Teal A-1
Three-seater variant with a 165hp (123kW) Wright J6-5 piston engine.
Teal B-1
Four-seater variant with a 225hp (168kW) Wright J-6-7 piston engine.

Specifications (Teal A-1)

See also

Citations

Bibliography

 
 

Flying boats
Teal
Single-engined pusher aircraft
1930s United States civil aircraft
Amphibious aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft with retractable conventional landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Soil and Water Assessment Tool. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a free and open source hydrology model and GIS computer simulation sponsored by the USDA.

SWAT is a well known geographic hydrological model in use by many universities and government agencies around the world, and integrates with commercial products like ArcGIS.

Some users of SWAT
The River Systems Research Group of the Department of Oceanography at the University of Washington
The Hydro and Agro Informatics Institute under the Ministry of Science and Technology of the Royal Thai Government
The Departments of Agricultural & Biological Engineering and Civil & Environmental Engineering at Purdue University

References

External links
 Water Quality Model Passes Another Test (SWAT)
 http://www.brc.tamus.edu/swat/

United States Department of Agriculture
De Berk, Drenthe. De Berk (English: The Birch) is a smock mill in Barger-Compascuum, Netherlands. It was built in 1983.

History

De Berk was originally built c. 1850 at Drantum, Lower Saxony, Germany. It was rebuilt after a fire in 1870. The mill was last worked commercially in 1952. In 1979, the mill was brought to the Netherlands by miller H E A Bokkers, of Overijssel. The mill was erected in the Veenpark, Barger-Compascuum in 1983. It was erected near the site of a mill which had been demolished in 1936. As of summer 2009, the mill is not in full working order, as repairs are required.

Description

De Berk is what the Dutch describe as an "achtkant stellingmolen", an eight-sided smock mill with a stage. It is a two-storey smock mill on a two-storey brick base. The stage is at first-floor level, it is  above ground level. The smock and cap are thatched. The four Common sails have a span of . The wooden windshaft  with a cast-iron poll end carries a brake wheel which has 62 cogs. This drives the wallower at the top of the upright shaft. The wallower has 34 cogs. The great spur wheel, at the lower end of the upright shaft has 100 cogs. This drives the lantern pinion stone nut with 37 staves. The millstones are driven overdrift. They are  diameter.

References

Windmills in Drenthe
Windmills completed in 1983
Grinding mills in the Netherlands
Smock mills in the Netherlands
Octagonal buildings in the Netherlands
Buildings and structures in Emmen, Netherlands
De Vlijt, Diever. De Vlijt  (English: The Diligence) is a smock mill in Diever, Netherlands. It was built in 1882. The mill is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 12907.

History

A smock mill on this site was burnt down in 1882. A replacement was built by Diever millwright Rietsma, incorporating parts from a drainage mill that formerly stood at Eesterga, Friesland. De Vlijt was last used by wind power 1938 and after that was worked by an oil engine. After 1940 the mill became derelict. In 1955, the mill was restored by millwright H J Huberts of Coevorden. In 1956 the mill restarted commercial operation, and was worked until 1965. Further restoration of the mill was carried out in 1978. In 1979, the mill was purchased by the local authority in Westerveld.

Description

De Vlijt is what the Dutch describe as an "achtkante stellingmolen", a smock mill with a stage. It has a three-storey base and a two-storey smock. The stage is  above ground level. The smock and cap are thatched. The four Common sails have aerodynamic lift creating devices on the leading edge using the Fauël system. They have a span of . The sails are carried on a cast-iron windshaft which was cast in 1858 by millwright Fyenoord. It carries the brake wheel, which has 48 teeth. This drives the wallower (27 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft the great spur wheel with 93 cogs drives the lantern pinion stone nut with 25 staves. This drives the single pair of French Burr millstones. A second pair of millstones is driven by electric motor.

Public access

De Vlijt is open to the public on Saturdays from 09:00 to 12:00 (January to April and September to December) and from 09:00 to 16:00 (June to August).

References

Windmills in Drenthe
Smock mills in the Netherlands
Windmills completed in 1882
Rijksmonuments in Drenthe
Octagonal buildings in the Netherlands
De Vlijt, Diever
De Juffer, Gasselternijveen. De Juffer (English: The Damselfly) is a tower mill in Gasselternijveen, in Drenthe province of the Netherlands. It was built in 1971. The mill is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 46615

History

In 1841, a tower mill was built on this site by millwright R Vlieghuis of Borger. The mill was later fitted with Patent sails, the leading edges of which were streamlined using the Van Bussel system. The mill was demolished in 1963. The brake wheel was used in the restoration of De Bonte Hen, Zaandam.

In 1968, it was decided to rebuild the mill. The tower was built by G J Warmink of Gasselternijveen, incorporating material from the mill demolished in 1963. Millwrighting work was by Medendorp of Zuidlaren. The brake wheel and wallower came from a demolished drainage mill De Breeken, which had stood in Westerwijtwerd, Groningen. New sails were fitted in 2009.

Description

De Juffer is what the Dutch describe as a "ronde stenen stellingmolen". It is a five-storey brick tower mill with a stage. The stage is at third-floor level, it is  above ground level. The four Common sails, which have a span of , are carried in a cast-iron windshaft. This was made by Fabrikaat De Muinck Keizer, of Martenshoek, Groningen in 1899. The windshaft also carries the brake wheel which has 57 cogs. The brake wheel drives the wallower (32 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft, the great spur wheel (72 cogs) drives the lantern pinion stone nut, which has 19 staves. This drives the  diameter French Burr millstones.

Public access

De Juffer is open to the public on Wednesdays from 13:00 to 15:00, on Saturdays from 10:00 to 12:00 and at other times by appointment.

References

Windmills in Drenthe
Tower mills in the Netherlands
Windmills completed in 1971
Grinding mills in the Netherlands
Rijksmonuments in Drenthe
De Juffer, Gasselternijveen
De Weert, Meppel. De Weert  is a smock mill in Meppel, Drenthe, the Netherlands. It was built in 1998 and is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 526385.

History
De Weert is one of two survivors of over 20 windmills in Meppel. The predecessor of the current mill was built in 1807. This mill was known as the Eekmolen and it was used as a bark mill in the tanning industry. It was also known as De Reest, taking this name from the nearby river. The mill was a smock mill with a brick base and a stage. In 1825, the mill was owned by Messrs Dassen and Tenwolde. Albertus Dassen died and the mill passed to his widow. Circa 1860 the mill came into the possession of Abraham Roelink. In 1862, he had the mill altered so that it also ground wheat and produced pearl barley. Subsequent owners were W T Eilerts, Mr de Haan, L Pasman, E P Pasman (the mill the being known as Pasman's Molen) and then the Haandrikman family. The mill was worked until 1935 and demolished in 1937 leaving the base standing. The mill was in good condition at the time of demolition but was demolished on account of the high maintenance and insurance costs. The mill worked three pairs of millstones.

In 1993, Meppel resident Henk Meijerink proposed that the mill should be rebuilt. The plan was supported by Giska Eisma, an architecture student from Zwolle. The idea was put to Alderman Jan Oldebesten, who agreed that it should be done. A new smock would be placed on the surviving brick base. The Schuilenberger Molen near Hellendoorn, Friesland was to be demolished in 1994. It was decided to rebuild the Schuilenberger Molen at Meppel. The base was repaired and made for the mill. On 8 July 1998, the smock was placed on the base. The millwright was Johannes Kooistra from Sloten. The official opening was scheduled for summer 1998 but was postponed as Henk Meijerink died shortly before the ceremony was due to take place. The mill was officially opened on 13 May 1999. The mill is used to train new millers.

Description

De Weert is what the Dutch describe as an "achtkante stellingmolen". It is a three-storey smock mill on a two-storey base. The stage is at second-floor level,  above ground level. The smock and cap are thatched. The mill is winded by a tailpole and winch. The four Common sails have streamlined leading edges on the Fok system. They have a span of  are carried in a cast-iron windshaft. This was cast by Fabrikaat Hardinxveld in 1997. The windshaft also carries the clasp arm brake wheel, which has 59 cogs. The brake wheel drives the wallower (29 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft the great spur wheel, which has 85 cogs, drives the  diameter French Burr millstones via lantern pinion stone nut which has 26 staves. The millstones are driven overdrift.

Public access

De Weert is open on Saturdays from 13:00 to 18:00.

References

External links

Schuilenberger Molen
Video of the restoration of the mill (10m 18s)

Windmills in Drenthe
Smock mills in the Netherlands
Windmills completed in 1998
Rijksmonuments in Drenthe
Octagonal buildings in the Netherlands
De Weert, Meppel
De Vlijt, Meppel. De Vlijt (English: The Diligence) is a smock mill in Meppel, Netherlands. It was built in 2001.

History

De Vlijt was built in 2001 on the base of a tower mill which had been taken out of use in 1933 and demolished in 1965. The tower had been built on an octagonal brick base which was left standing. The base is currently used as living accommodation and office space.

Description

De Vlijt is what the Dutch describe as an "achtkante stellingmolen". It is a smock mill with a stage. It has four-storey brick base and the stage is at third-floor level,  above ground level. The mill is winded by tailpole and winch. The four common sails have a span of . The cast-iron windshaft was made by Fabrikaat Gieterij Hardinxveld in 2001. The mill has no internal gears or machinery.

Public Access
De Vlijt is not open to the public.

References

External links
De Vlijt website

Windmills in Drenthe
Smock mills in the Netherlands
Windmills completed in 2001
Octagonal buildings in the Netherlands
De Vlijt, Meppel
TDRS-6. TDRS-6, known before launch as TDRS-F, is an American communications satellite, of first generation, which is operated by NASA as part of the Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System. It was constructed by TRW, and is based on a custom satellite bus which was used for all seven first generation TDRS satellites.

History

TDRS-F was deployed from  during the STS-54 mission in 1993. Endeavour was launched from Launch Complex 39B at the Kennedy Space Center, at 13:59:30 UTC on 13 January 1993. TDRS-F was deployed from Endeavour around six hours after launch, and was raised to geosynchronous orbit by means of an Inertial Upper Stage.

Deployment
The two-stage solid-propellent Inertial Upper Stage made two burns. The first stage burn occurred shortly after deployment from Endeavour, and placed the satellite into a geosynchronous transfer orbit (GTO). At 02:26 UTC on 14 January 1993, it reached apogee, and the second stage fired, placing TDRS-F into geosynchronous orbit. At this point, it received its operational designation, TDRS-6.

Operation
In 1994, it was placed at a longitude 46.0° West of the Greenwich Meridian, to serve as an on-orbit spare. In 1996, it was moved to 47.0° West, where it remained until 2005, when it was repositioned to 174.0° West, where, , it was used to provide communications with spacecraft in Earth orbit, such as the International Space Station (ISS) and spacecraft bringing astronauts to the ISS.

See also 

 List of TDRS satellites

References 

Communications satellites in geostationary orbit
Spacecraft launched in 1993
TDRS satellites
Spacecraft launched by the Space Shuttle
Frateschi. The Brazilian company Indústrias Reunidas Frateschi (known as Frateschi) is a model railroad manufacturer based in Ribeirão Preto, near São Paulo, Brazil. Today Frateschi exports to Argentina, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Peru, Uruguay, United States, France, Spain, Switzerland, South Africa, China, Taiwan, New Zealand and Australia. Frateschi is the only model railroad manufacturer in South America.

History 

Founded in 1958 as a toy factory by Galileu Frateschi, the company originally produced stuffed animals and wooden furniture. This was followed by the first model railway products such as telephone poles and pylons. In 1967, the toy factory Frateschi has been renamed to "Indústrias Reunidas Frateschi Ltda" to concentrate fully on model trains with its core business focused on Brazilian railways (RFFSA, Fepasa, CPEF, EFS, etc.). In 1993 started a cooperation with Atlas and exported to the United States. The company annually organizes summits to promote the brand and gather model railroaders in cities such as Ribeirao Preto, Campinas and São Carlos. The last one in 2017 (13th edition) was held in Bebedouro - SP.

Products 

Frateschi produces only HO scale models. The range includes locomotives, passenger and freight cars, railway tracks, and building kits.

Locomotives 
In March 2015 the following models were produced by Frateschi :

An interesting note on the FA-1 locomotive painted for the Reading Railroad. Frateschi picked the RDG 305 for the prototype. This locomotive had been wreck repaired and was painted incorrectly. The green stripe with gold pinstripes should only run down on the nose. The shop had incorrectly also had the stripe turn up on the nose somewhat creating a diamond around the company’s diamond logo

References 

Model railroad manufacturers
Model manufacturers of Brazil
Companies based in São Paulo (state)
Brazilian brands
List of software for nanostructures modeling. This is a list of notable computer programs that are used to model nanostructures at the levels of classical mechanics and quantum mechanics.

 Furiousatoms - a powerful software for molecular modelling and visualization
 Aionics.io - a powerful platform for nanoscale modelling
 Ascalaph Designer
 Atomistix ToolKit and Virtual NanoLab
 CoNTub
 CP2K
 CST Studio Suite
 Deneb – graphical user interface (GUI) for SIESTA, VASP, QE, etc., DFT calculation packages
 Enalos Cloud Platform – a cloud platform containing tools for the digital construction of energy minimized nanotubes and ellipsoidal nanoparticles and the calculation of their atomistic descriptors.  
 Exabyte.io - a cloud-native integrated platform for nanoscale modeling, supporting simulations at multiple scales, including Density Functional Theory and Molecular Dynamics
JCMsuite – a finite element analysis software for simulating optical properties of nanostructures
LAMMPS – Open source molecular dynamics code
MAPS - Graphical user interface to build complex systems (nanostructures, polymers, surfaces...), set up and analyze ab-initio (Quantum Espresso, VASP, Abinit, NWChem...) or classical (LAMMPS, Towhee) simulations
 Nanoengineer-1 – developed by company Nanorex, but the website doesn't work, may be unavailable
nanoHUB allows simulating geometry, electronic properties and electrical transport phenomena in various nanostructures
 Nanotube Modeler
 NEMO 3-D – enables multi-million atom electronic structure simulations in empirical tight binding; open source; an educational version is on nanoHUB and Quantum Dot Lab
nextnano allows simulating geometry, electronic properties and electrical transport phenomena in various nanostructures using continuum models (commercial software)
Ninithi – carbon nanotube, graphene, and Fullerene modelling software
 Materials Design MedeA
 Materials Studio
 Materials Square - a cloud-based materials simulation web platform, provides GUI for Quantum Espresso, LAMMPS, and Open Calphad
 MBN Explorer and MBN Studio
 MD-kMC
PARCAS – Open source molecular dynamics code
 SAMSON: interactive carbon nanotube modeling and simulation
 Scigress
 TubeASP
 Tubegen
 Wrapping

See also

References

Molecular modelling software
Carbon nanotubes
Materials science
Blackburn Cirrus Bombardier. The Blackburn Cirrus Bombardier is a British four-cylinder inline aircraft engine, developed and built by the Blackburn Aircraft company in the mid-1950s. The engine featured fuel injection.

Variants
Cirrus Bombardier 203
Military version, 203 hp (151 kW).
Cirrus Bombardier 702
Civil version, 180 hp (134 kW).
Cirrus Bombardier 704
Helicopter engine

Applications
Auster AOP.9
Cierva W.14 Skeeter IIIB
Miles Messenger

Specifications (Cirrus Bombardier 203)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

Oldengine.org 
 
 Lumsden, Alec. British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. .

External links
 "Cirrus Bombardier" a 1948 Flight article

Aircraft air-cooled inline piston engines
1950s aircraft piston engines
Blackburn aircraft engines
Inverted aircraft piston engines
Telepresence technology. Telepresence technology is a term used by the  National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to refer to  the combination of satellite technology  with the Internet to broadcast information, including video in real-time from cameras used on its remotely operated vehicle (ROV) on  Okeanos Explorer. Its ROV will be operating working in a deep sea environment. Data from the ROV is transmitted to a hub based on the land, which then send it to scientists and to the public.

This effort of the Okeanos Explorer has been compared to the lunar landing.

The telepresence technology used by NOAA includes the following:
 deep water mapping, to a depth of 6,000 m
 science-oriented ROV operations
 real-time  satellite transmission of data.
The Okeanos Explorer is designed as an educational tool that can be followed on Twitter.

Notes

Educational technology
Oceanography
Telepresence
Anthrosol. An anthrosol (or anthropogenic soil) in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB) is a type of soil that has been formed or heavily modified due to long-term human activity, such as from irrigation, addition of organic waste or wet-field cultivation used to create paddy fields.

Such soils can be formed from any parent soil, and are commonly found in areas where agriculture has been practiced for centuries. Anthrosols can be found worldwide, though they tend to have different soil horizons in different regions. For example, in northwestern Europe anthrosols commonly have plaggic or terric (strongly affected by manure) horizons, and together they cover some 500,000 hectares.

Due to the broad range of anthrosol compositions and structures compared to other soils of the same order of classification, there is debate on whether anthrosol should be included as an independent soil group.

Composition 
Anthrosols can have different characteristics based on their origins. A high phosphate concentration is a common indicator of decaying organic matter, such as bones, tissue, or excrement. A dark color can also be the result of a high amount of organic matter, or of calcium carbonate, iron, and manganese. A high pH or carbonate concentration, in anthropogenic terms, is likely the result of the addition of wood ash to the soil. Presence of human artifacts such as tools and waste can also be present in anthrosols. Other indicators include nitrogen, calcium, potassium, magnesium, iron, copper, and zinc concentrations.

In archaeology
The presence of anthrosols can be used to detect long-term human habitation, and has been used by archaeologists to identify sites of interest.  Anthrosols that can indicate such activity can be described as, for instance, plaggic (from the long-term use of manure to enrich soil), irragric (from the use of flood or surface irrigation), hortic (from deep cultivation, manure use and presence of other anthropogenic organic matter such as kitchen waste), anthraquic (from anthropos – man and aqua – water – meaning produced by man-made soil moisture management including irrigation or terracing). Anthrosols can be detected by visual inspection of soils, or even from satellite imagery.

Other uses 
Because of a high concentration of minerals, and in particular decayed organic matter, anthrosols are useful for agriculture. In an environmental context, well-managed anthrosols act as a carbon sink.

See also
 Anthrepts from a different soil classification system
 Necrosol
 Technosols
 Terra preta
 Pre-Colombian agriculture in the Amazon Basin

References

Further reading
 Howard, J. (2017) Anthropogenic Soils; Springer International Publishing, 
 W. Zech, P. Schad, G. Hintermaier-Erhard: Soils of the World. Springer, Berlin 2022, Chapter 12.3.2.

External links 
 profile photos (with classification) WRB homepage
 profile photos (with classification)  IUSS World of Soils

Pedology
Types of soil
Human impact on the environment