omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Airpac Enterprises. Airpac Enterprises, Inc., commonly known as Airpac, is a United States company based in California in the vicinity of Sylmar, known for their airline seat and aircraft overhaul.  The company provides fully merged aircraft maintenance, repair, and operations (MRO) and interiors services for all kind of airline operators. Airpac is a licensed and authorized portion of 145 FAA and EASA repair service by Federal Aviation Regulations. Their refurbishment services include tray tables, arm caps, carpet serging, painting, and components. They specialize in Avio, BE Aerospace, Embraer, Ipeco, Koito, Recaro, Sicma, Sogerma, and Zodiac Seats. The company was founded in 1995 by Nikola Rajic as a small shop in Van Nuys, California, and is today a certified SBO and WBE corporation.

Airliner seats
Airpac manufactures seat parts for airliners, including crew seats, first class and business class. Customers include the regional and international airlines, Horizon Air, V Australia, 20th Century Fox, Boeing Capital, Royal Netherlands Air Force, Lufthansa Technik, Jat Airways, and Air North.

References

External links

aircraft interiors expo

Airliner seating
Manufacturing companies based in California
Sylmar, Los Angeles
Manufacturing companies established in 1995
LCAC(L). The Landing Craft Air Cushion (Light), or LCAC(L), is a small amphibious hovercraft able to transverse both land and water. Like all amphibious landing craft in the Royal Navy, they were operated by the Royal Marines to transport troops or equipment from ship to shore during an amphibious landing. 

Four LCACs were in service up to the early 2020s, with pennant numbers C21, C22, C23 and C24. However, these craft were reported laid up as of 2023.

2000TDX

The Griffon 2000TDX was the first LCAC(L) to enter service with the Royal Navy and Royal Marines, the added (L) indicates that it is an LCAC Light. The 2000TDX was based on the basic 2000TD model with modifications for military use. Due to the nature of the LCAC (being a hovercraft), they displace very little water despite their large size, they also produce next to no wake at high speed - this makes the LCAC more stealthy than traditional landing craft and with their powerful engines, much faster.

Specifications
The Landing Craft Air Cushion 2000TDX has the following specifications:
Length: 
Width: 
Speed (full): 
Troops: 18 Royal Marines (2 crew, 16 fully equipped troops) or 2.2 tonnes.

2400TD 
In 2008 Griffon Hoverwork won a contract to deliver four new 2400TD hovercraft in 2009 to replace the older 2000TD hovercraft. The 2400TD was developed from the existing 2000TD but was improved to have "increased obstacle clearance and hence better sea-keeping capability, as well as an increased payload capacity".

In 2019, Bland Group announced that Griffon Hoverwork had secured a 6.5-year contract with the Ministry of Defence to supply 2400TDs to the Royal Marines. However, the vessels were reported laid up as of 2023.

Specifications 
The Landing Craft Air Cushion 2400TD has the following specifications:

Length: 
Width: 
Speed (full): 
Troops: 18 Royal Marines (2 crew, 16 fully equipped troops) or 2.4 tonnes.

See also
List of active Royal Marines military watercraft
Landing Craft Air Cushion

References

External links

Royal Marines - Landing Craft (royalnavy.mod.uk)

Ship types
Royal Marines
Landing craft
Paul Attfield. John Paul Attfield (born 1962) is a British chemist who is Professor of Materials science in the School of Chemistry at the University of Edinburgh and Director of the Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions (CSEC).

Education
Attfield was educated at Durham Johnston School in Durham, England and the University of Oxford where he was a student at Magdalen College, Oxford. He was awarded a Bachelor of Arts degree in chemistry followed by a Doctor of Philosophy degree in 1987 for his work on chemical crystallography supervised by Anthony Cheetham and Peter Battle.

Career and research
Attfield was appointed a lecturer, and subsequently a Reader at the University of Cambridge from 1991 to 2003. Attfield's research focuses on synthesis, structural studies, and property measurements for electronic materials such as transition metal oxides. His research has been funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC). Attfield has made significant contributions to the study of the Verwey transition in magnetite, solving its charge ordering properties.

Paul Attfield has made distinctive contributions to the experimental understanding of structure in the solid-state, in particular pioneering the use of resonant X-ray scattering to study cation and valence ordering effects and characterising charge-order in strongly correlated systems such as magnetite. He introduced the cation-size variance as a concept to rationalise and predict disorder effects, with a substantial impact on the study and preparation of technologically important materials. He has synthesised and characterised new materials with novel electronic properties, including high-Tc superconductivity, colossal magnetoresistance, and negative thermal expansion, including new developments in chemical synthesis.

Awards and honours
Attfield was awarded the Meldola Medal and Prize by the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in 1991; the Corday-Morgan Medal of the RSC in 1998; and the Peter Day Award in 2013. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 2014 for “substantial contribution to the improvement of natural knowledge”. In 2016, Attield was awarded a Daiwa Adrian Prize, recognizing his work as part of a British-Japanese scientific collaboration, and in 2022 he received the John B. Goodenough Award for materials chemistry from the Royal Chemistry Society, specifically "For transformative discoveries of new materials from high pressure synthesis and of novel electronic phenomena in solids."

References

Living people
Fellows of the Royal Society
Fellows of the Royal Society of Chemistry
Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
Academics of the University of Edinburgh
1962 births
Solid state chemists
Inorganic chemists
Alumni of the University of Oxford
1QBit. 1QB Information Technologies, Inc. (1QBit) is a quantum computing software company, based in Vancouver, British Columbia. 1QBit was founded on December 1, 2012 and has established hardware partnerships with Microsoft, IBM, Fujitsu and D-Wave Systems. While 1QBit develops general purpose algorithms for quantum computing hardware, the organization is primarily focused on computational finance, materials science, quantum chemistry, and the life sciences.

Technology
1QBit has divisions focused on universal quantum computing, advanced AI techniques, cloud based quantum processing, and hardware innovation.

1QBit's 1Qloud platform is focused on optimization including reformulating optimization problems into the quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) format necessary to compute with quantum annealing processors and similar devices from organizations such as Fujitsu, D-Wave, Hitachi and NTT, while their QEMIST platform is focused on advanced materials and quantum chemistry research with universal quantum computing processors.

History
1QBit was founded as the first dedicated quantum computing software company in 2012. In 2013, 1QBit raised seed funding from US and Canadian angel investors, before closing a Series A financing round led by the Chicago Mercantile Exchange in 2014.

On August 5, 2015, the World Economic Forum announced 1QBit as a recipient of the 2015 Technology Pioneer Award recognizing 1QBit as a leader among the world's most promising technology companies. In 2017, 1QBit raised a $45M Series B financing round led by Fujitsu with participation from Allianz, Accenture, The Royal Bank of Scotland and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. In April 2018, 1QBit joined the IBM Q Network, a global community of leading Fortune 500 companies, academic institutions, startups, and national research labs designed to explore practical applications for quantum computing.

In May 2020, 1QBit and its collaborators serving health authorities from East to West obtained support from the Digital Technology Supercluster to facilitate the clinical implementation of XrAI, the first Artificial Intelligence (AI) radiology platform to be accredited by Health Canada as a Class III Medical Device.

Locations
1QBit is headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. In early 2019, 1QBit opened a hardware innovation lab at the University of Waterloo in Waterloo, Ontario.

See also
Adiabatic quantum computation
Quantum computing
Quantum simulator
Timeline of quantum computing and communication

References

External links

Companies based in Vancouver
2012 establishments in British Columbia
Software companies established in 2012
Financial software companies
Quantum information science
Software companies of Canada
Quantum programming
Keikyu 700 series (1956). The , later reclassified , was a DC electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by the private railway operator Keikyu on limited-stop commuter services in the Tokyo area of Japan from 1956 until 1986.

Interior
Passenger accommodation consisted of facing four-person seating bays, with longitudinal bench seats near the doorways.

History
The 700 series trains were first introduced in 1956, broadly based on the earlier 500 series trains.

From April 1966, the trains were reclassified "600 series", and roughly half of the former driving cars were rebuilt as intermediate cars with the cabs removed. At the same time, the headlamps were changed from the original incandescent light bulbs to sealed beam headlamps, and the original steel doors were replaced with new stainless steel doors.

Withdrawals of the 600 series trains commenced in 1984 with the introduction of 2000 series trains, and the last members of the fleet were withdrawn in March 1986 following a Sayonara (farewell) run.

Resale

Six former 600 series cars were resold to the Takamatsu-Kotohira Electric Railroad ("Kotoden") in Shikoku, where they became the 1070 series, modified with front-end gangways and longitudinal seating.

The identities and histories of the six 600 series cars sold to Kotoden are as shown below.

Preservation
Car DeHa 601 is preserved in the No. 1 Recreation Park in Zushi, Kanagawa.

References

Further reading

 
 

Electric multiple units of Japan
700 series
Kawasaki multiple units
Tokyu Car multiple units
Train-related introductions in 1956
1500 V DC multiple units of Japan
Padmanava College of Engineering, Rourkela. Padmanava College of Engineering (PCE), Rourkela was established in academic year 1999-2000 to impart degree courses in engineering under the Padmanva Educational Trust, Bhubaneswar. The prime objective of the trust has been the promotion of facilities of technical education for people of west Odisha and around.

The institute was affiliated to Biju Patnaik University of Technology (BPUT) with ISO 9001:2000 certification.

The degree institute is now closed and is functioning as TCS iON Digital Zone private online examination center in the campus of sector 4, Rourkela.

References

Private engineering colleges in India
Engineering colleges in Odisha
Colleges affiliated with Biju Patnaik University of Technology
Universities and colleges in Rourkela
Educational institutions established in 1999
1999 establishments in Orissa
Walter Van Wiggeren. Walter M. Van Wiggeren (November 12, 1887 – September 29, 1968) was an American engineer and politician from New York.

Life
He was born on November 12, 1887, in Yorkville, Oneida County, New York, the son of Walter Jelle Van Wiggeren (1856–1917) and Dieuwke (Zijlstra) Van Wiggeren (born 1862), both Dutch emigrants from Frisia. In 1900, the family removed to Ilion, in Herkimer County, where Walter Van Wiggeren Sr. worked for Remington Arms. Walter Jr. attended the public schools. He became a draftsman, and later a mechanical engineer, and designed tools and machinery for Remington Arms. On September 2, 1913, he married Gladys Bradbury (1886–1974).

He was Mayor of Ilion for two years, Clerk of Herkimer County from 1928 to 1949, and a delegate to the 1944 Republican National Convention.

Van Wiggeren was elected on February 8, 1949, to the New York State Senate, to fill the vacancy caused by the appointment of Fred A. Young to the New York Court of Claims. Van Wiggeren remained in the State Senate until 1964, sitting in the 167th, 168th, 169th, 170th, 171st, 172nd, 173rd and 174th New York State Legislatures. In June 1964, he ran for re-nomination in the Republican primary, but was defeated by Dalwin J. Niles. In November 1964, he ran for re-election on the Conservative ticket, but was defeated again.

He died on September 29, 1968, in Mohawk Valley General Hospital in Ilion, New York; and was buried at the Armory Hill Cemetery there.

References

1887 births
1968 deaths
Republican Party New York (state) state senators
Politicians from Oneida County, New York
People from Ilion, New York
Mayors of places in New York (state)
Conservative Party of New York State politicians
20th-century members of the New York State Legislature
Page Communications Engineers. Page Communications Engineers, Inc. was a 20th-century communications engineering firm that later became a subsidiary of a variety of communications and defense contractors. It is notable for, among other things, constructing the Vietnam portion of the U.S. military's Integrated Wideband Communications System in Vietnam and Thailand during the Vietnam War.

In 1959, Northrop purchased Page.

On 25 November 1966 eight Page employees and one United States Army 1st Signal Brigade soldier were killed in a Vietcong ambush as their convoy was en route to the Pr Line signal site () near Da Lat.

In 1981–82, the Continental Telephone Company, or Contel, acquired Page Communications Engineers, Inc. from the Northrop Corporation to form ConTel Page.

References

Telecommunications companies of the United States
Tom Rolander. Thomas Alan Rolander is an American entrepreneur, engineer, and developer of the multitasking multiuser operating system MP/M created for microcomputers in 1979 while working as one of the first employees of Digital Research with Gary Kildall, the "father" of CP/M. CP/M and MP/M laid the groundwork to later Digital Research operating system families such as Concurrent CP/M, Concurrent DOS and Multiuser DOS. He also developed CP/NET.

In 2013 he was granted with a 2013 Diamond Award for Entrepreneurial Excellence from the University of Washington (UW).  In 2016 his Oral History was recorded for the Computer History Museum.

References

Further reading 
 
 

Digital Research employees
Digital Research people
CP/M people
21st-century American engineers
American computer programmers
University of Washington alumni
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Xfrog. Xfrog  (X Window Finite Recursive Object Generator) is 3D computer graphics software that runs on Microsoft Windows or as a plug-in for Windows and Mac-OS versions of  Autodesk Maya and Maxon Cinema 4D. Xfrog was originally developed by Oliver Deussen and Bernd Lintermann while at the University of Karlsruhe based on their research into natural systems and systematic processes found in nature.

Overview
Xfrog was developed to be an intuitive modeling method and GUI for creating natural branching structures based on the rules of nature. Structure and geometry is encapsulated in objects that form the description of the model.   To define a model, icons (graphic representations of components) are assembled in a graph depicting the model’s structure and hierarchy, beginning with a root icon.   Models are saved in the proprietary Xfrog .xfr format, a text file that contains the complete set of parametric rules for the procedural "Frog"engine to interpret and draw the polygonal model.

History
The first version of Xfrog was released as shareware in 1996 for Silicon Graphics, Sun Microsystems and Linux by Lintermann und Deussen GbR under the name GreenWorks Organic Software. The first customers were Industrial Light and Magic and Disney Imagineering. Xfrog 1.0 did not contain key frame or procedural recursive animation capabilities, but in 1998 Xfrog 2.0 introduced animation capabilities.  It was released for the first time as a plugin for Maya 1.0 making Greenworks the first professional plugin developer for Maya.  The stand-alone application was ported from SGI to Windows and introduced as Xfrog 3.0 at SIGGRAPH 2000. In 2006, Xfrog’s first Cinema 4D plugin, Xfrog 4 for Cinema 4D, added all the components of 3.5 to the Cinema 4D interface.  Currently, both the Cinema 4D and Maya plugins are at version 5.2.

References

3D graphics software
De Hoop Dam (Limpopo). The De Hoop Dam is a gravity dam on the Steelpoort River, near Burgersfort, Limpopo, South Africa. Its purpose is to enable the extraction of rich mineral deposits in the eastern Limpopo province, and to supply water to towns, industries and communities in the Sekhukhune district, where service delivery was of a poor standard.

The completion of the dam was delayed by four years (2010 to 2014) due to supply chain problems, technical and equipment problems, deficient environmental impact studies, resettlement of families in the area, and labour strikes.

The flagship dam in the Olifants system, South Africa's largest dam since the 1970s, was developed by the Department of Water Affairs. The project of R3,4 billion involved innovative solutions in energy dissipation and the use of roller-compacted concrete, for which the department received a Fulton award.

It was the second phase of the Olifants River Water Resources Development Programme (ORWRDP), the only viable solution for water delivery to the Nebo plateau, where some 800,000 people are resident. The first phase, completed in 2006, included capacity improvements to the Flag Boshielo Dam.

See also
List of reservoirs and dams in South Africa
List of rivers of South Africa

References 

 List of South African Dams from the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (South Africa)

Dams in South Africa
Dams completed in 2014
Gravity dams
Buildings and structures in Limpopo
2014 establishments in South Africa
21st-century architecture in South Africa
Surface energy transfer. Surface energy transfer (SET) is a dipole-surface energy transfer process involving a metallic surface and a molecular dipole.

Formula
The SET rate follows the inverse of the fourth power of the distance

where 
 is the donor emission lifetime;
 is the distance between donor-acceptor;
 is the distance at which SET efficiency decreases to 50% (i.e., equal probability of energy transfer and spontaneous emission).

Efficiency
The energy transfer efficiency also follows a similar form

Due to the fourth power dependence SET can cover a distance more than 15 nm, which is almost twice the efficiency of FRET. Theoretically predicted in 1978 by Chance et al. it was proved experimentally in 2000s by different workers.

Applications
The efficiency of SET as nanoruler has been used in live cells.

Gold nano particles are frequently used in these studies as the nanoparticle surface.

See also
Dexter electron transfer
Förster resonance energy transfer

References

Energy transfer
Fluorescence
Lizhou Dam. The Lizhou Dam is a run-of-the-river hydroelectric arch dam on the Muli River in Muli Tibetan Autonomous County, Sichuan Province, China. 

The primary purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power generation, with its 355 MW power station located 14.5 km to the southeast of the dam. The difference in elevation between the reservoir and power station affords a hydraulic head (water drop) of . 

Preliminary construction on the project began in 2009 and the superstructures were approved in 2011. Pouring of roller-compacted concrete for the dam began in 2012. The dam began to impound its reservoir in December 2015. Lizhou Dam started producing its power in 2016, when the whole facility was commissioned.

See also

List of dams and reservoirs in China
List of tallest dams in China

References

Dams in China
Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture
Arch dams
Roller-compacted concrete dams
Hydroelectric power stations in Sichuan
Clement D. Child. Clement D. Child (1868 – 1933) was an American physicist and educator.  He is noted particularly for "Child's law" (1911), which is an equation that describes the electric current that flows between the plates of a vacuum tube. Vacuum tubes were the main components in electronics from about 1905 to 1960, when transistors and integrated circuits mostly supplanted them. Child's Law is still a staple of textbooks treating charged particle motion in vacuum and in solids.

Child was raised in Frewsburg, New York, where his father was a Baptist pastor. He received an A. B. degree from the University of Rochester (in Rochester, New York) in 1890. In 1897, he received a Ph.D. from Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. In 1897 he was a scientific visitor at the University of Berlin in Germany. In 1898 he was appointed a professor of physics at Colgate University in Hamilton, New York, where he spent the rest of his career. In 1907–08 he was a visitor to the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge, England, where he worked with J. J. Thomson. He published a book Electric Arcs in 1913. Between 1895 and 1933 Child published 28 papers in Physical Review, which was perhaps the principal US physics journal in that era.

The equation known as "Child's Law" describes the electric current between two metal plates in a vacuum tube; the current flows when a power supply applies a voltage between the plates. One plate, the cathode, is heated hot enough that it will emit electrons well. The second plate, the anode, is unheated. When the voltage between the anode and the cathode is positive, the negatively charged electrons are attracted to the anode. They fly through the vacuum, and are registered as the electric current drawn from the power supply. When the voltage is negative, the electrons are repelled by the anode, and the current is essentially zero. Child's law predicted the current at lower positive voltages, at which the current isn't limited by the electron emission process. Rather, a cloud of electrons forms near the cathode and limits the current. Child showed that this current was proportional to the voltage raised to 3/2 power (V3/2). The current only depends on the properties of the electron through the ratio of the electrical charge of the electron to its mass.

Although Child's Law is usually used to describe electron currents, Child actually derived the equation in order to estimate the current of positively charged atomic ions. The only change is that charge to mass ratios for ions are much smaller than for the electron. The application to electrons was made in 1913 by Irving Langmuir, and the equation is also called the Child-Langmuir Law because of this. Child's original paper was cited in scientific papers more than 600 times in the century following its publication; in 2013, the paper was cited 32 times.

References

University of Rochester alumni
Cornell University alumni
Colgate University faculty
American physicists
People from Madison, Ohio
1868 births
1933 deaths
People from Frewsburg, New York
Scientists from New York (state)
Luton Analogue Computing Engine. The Luton Analogue Computing Engine (LACE) was a code name for a military general purpose analogue computer, predominantly used for missile simulation.
It was developed in 1953-1956 by English Electric's Guided Missile Division in Luton, UK. Upon the closure of the Luton factory in 1962, LACE was transferred to the British Aircraft Corporation (BAC) Guided Weapons Division in Stevenage.

References

External links
 English Electric Co: Navigational Projects Division, Grace's Guide to British Industrial History

Early British computers
Analogue Computing Engine
British Aircraft Corporation
Computer-related introductions in 1953
English inventions
Science and technology in Bedfordshire
Stevenage