omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Phil Bagwell. Phil Bagwell (died 6 October 2012) was a computer scientist known for his work and influence in the area of persistent data structures. He is best known for his 2000 invention of hash array mapped tries.

Bagwell was probably the most influential researcher in the field of persistent data structures from 2000 until his death. His work is now a standard part of the runtimes of functional programming languages including Clojure, Scala, and Haskell.

His contributions to building the Scala community are remembered in the Phil Bagwell Memorial Scala Community Award.

Publications 

 "Ideal Hash Trees" (2000), EPFL Technical Report
 "Fast Functional Lists, Hash-Lists, Deques and Variable Length Arrays" (2002), EPFL Technical Report

References 

2012 deaths

Year of birth missing
Computer scientists
Weber W-141. The Weber W-141 was a utility aircraft designed in Brazil in 1950. It was the second project developed by Weber, and made its maiden flight in 1957. It was the first all-metal, single-engine aircraft assembled nationally. During its initial tests it accumulated more than 40 flight hours in Botucatu. The prototype was sent to São José dos Campos, for certification at CTA and then to be serially manufactured. During the tests, the unfamiliar pilot had difficulties in flight and when landing he went over the runway limit, totally destroying the aircraft, the pilot was not injured. 

Because of this accident the plane was not certified for serial production, and the project was abandoned. The other models were used by the Brazilian Air Force for testing.

See also

 Muniz Casmuniz 52
 Weber W-151
 CTA Convertiplano

References
 

Abandoned civil aircraft projects
1950s Brazilian experimental aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1957
High-wing aircraft
W-141
Kirsten Moselund. Kirsten E. Moselund is a Danish engineer who is a professor of electronics and microtechnology at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. She also leads the Laboratory for Nano and Quantum Technologies at Paul Scherrer Institute.  She previously worked as Head of the Materials Integration and Nanoscale Devices group at IBM Research.

Early life and education 
Moselund grew up in Denmark, where she attended Henriette Hoerlück Skole. She completed a master's degree at the Technical University of Denmark. In 2003, she moved to the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, where she completed her doctoral research in microelectronics, developing electronic devices from silicon nanowires.

Research and career 
Moselund joined IBM Research, where she led a group dedicated to "Materials Integration and Nanoscale Devices". She was particularly interested in neuromorphic engineering, nanophotonics and Quantum computing. She was involved with the development of active nanowire devices for photonics. Making use of both active and passive nanowire matrices, Moselund developed platforms that could interface with neurons. These nanowire based devices can be used to study cell assembly and actively monitor individual cells. Moselund was part of the European Commission project Ionic Neuromodulation For Epilepsy Treatment (IN-FET). She has also worked on vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting-laser (VECSELs).

In 2016, Moselund was awarded a European Research Council starting grant to develop plasmonically enhanced III–V nanowire lasers on silicon for integrated communications (PLASMIC). She focused on plasmonic materials that were compatible with Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) processing. To achieve this, she made use of Template Assisted Selective Epitaxy, which integrates the nanowires on a Si-SiO2 substrate. Central to this technique is the use of an oxide cavity, which guides growth from a tiny silicon surface.

Moselund returned to École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, where she was made Professor of Electrical and Microengineering. In February 2022, she was made Head of the LNQ (Laboratory Nano and Quantum Technologies).

Personal life 
Moselund has two sons.

Selected publications

References 

21st-century Danish engineers
21st-century women engineers
Academic staff of the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne alumni
Technical University of Denmark alumni
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
IBM Women
Danish women engineers
Cockshutt 40. The Cockshutt 40 row-crop tractor was the second tractor produced by the Cockshutt Plow Company, from 1949 to 1958. Having developed the medium-sized Cockshutt 30, Cockshutt developed the heavier 40, using a six-cylinder engine. The 40 was rated for four plows. It was sold in the United States as the CO-OP E4.

Description and production
The Cockshutt 40 was scaled up from the 30, with many of the same features, including a live power takeoff (PTO), which at that time was a novelty. This optional feature allowed the tractor to operate machinery at a constant speed whether the tractor was in motion or stationary. The tractor was styled in the same streamlined manner as the 30 by Canadian architect Charles Brooks. A  six-cylinder engine was provided by the American Buda Engine Company for the 40, supplemented by a diesel version in 1950. Kerosene and LP gas options were added to the product line in 1953.

Following the acquisition of Buda by competitor Allis Chalmers in 1953, Cockshutt used Perkins and Hercules engines. 40s with Perkins four-cylinder diesels were designated the Cockshutt 40D4 from 1954 to 1957, and the Golden Eagle in 1956 and 1957. The 40D4 eventually became the basis for the Cockshutt 560.

In addition to its optional live PTO, the 40 could also operate belt-connected apparatus. Models were produced with narrow double or single front wheels, a wide standard fixed axle and an adjustable wide row-crop axle. 14,929 Cockshutt 40s and derivatives were built at Cockshutt's Brantford, Ontario plant from 1949 to 1958. Base price in 1955 was  CA$2,626. A fully-optioned 40 could cost more than CA$3,600.

Derivatives
Painted all-orange, the CO-OP E4 was a Cockshutt 40 rebranded for sale in the United States. The 40 was also sold  through the Gambles department store chain, but unlike the 30, was never branded in the Gambles Farmcrest line.

The Cockshutt 50 was developed using Model 40 transmission components and running gear, but was substantially heavier and more powerful.

Cockshutt 35

The Cockshutt 35 was developed to replace accommodate a four-cylinder Hercules Engine Company engine to replace the 40's Buda engines. Buda had been acquired by competitor Allis-Chalmers, and Cockshutt sought an independent supplier. The new tractor used the basic Model 40 frame, with a four-cylinder  Hercules GO198 gasoline engine, with a 6-speed transmission. The 35L version was a low-profile standard tractor with fixed axle width.

The 1956 Black Hawk version was marketed in the United States to promote Cockshutt's acquisition of the Black Hawk line of Ohio Cultivator Company tillage accessories, with no functional changes. Another  promotional version, the Golden Arrow, was produced in 1957 with an enhanced three-point hitch with draft and depth control. 135 were built. The Cockshutt 550 was a descendant of the Golden Arrow version.

1,985 Cockshutt 35s and derivatives were built at Brantford from 1955 to 1958. Base price in 1958 for a Deluxe 35 Blackhawk was CA$2,640. A fully-optioned model would cost about CA$3,000.

References

Cockshutt tractors
Vehicles introduced in 1949
Cockshutt 20. The Cockshutt 20 row-crop tractor was the third tractor produced by the Cockshutt Plow Company, from 1951 to 1958. Having developed the medium-sized Cockshutt 30 and the heavier Cockshutt 40, the 20 was a small two-plow tractor for general use. The 20 was sold in the United States as the CO-OP E2.

Description and production
The Cockshutt 20 was scaled down from the 30, with many of the same features, but lacking the live power takeoff (PTO) of larger Cockshutts. The tractor was styled in the same streamlined manner as the 30 by Canadian architect Charles Brooks. A Continental Motors Company  four-cylinder engine was initially used, but was replaced by a Continental  engine when early production models proved underpowered. A distillate version was offered in 1953.

Models were produced with narrow double front wheels, or a wide adjustable front row-crop axle. About 4,000 Cockshutt 20s and derivatives were built at Cockshutt's Brantford, Ontario plant from 1952 to 1958. Base price in 1956 was  CA$1,656. A fully-optioned 20 could cost more than CA$2,600.

In 1956 the Model 20 Deluxe Black Hawk was offered with refinements and a mostly cream-colored paint scheme with red chassis. At the request of the United States distributor, a model with an offset engine, similar to the Farmall A or C tractors was offered, branded the Little Chief.

CO-OP E2
Painted all-orange, the CO-OP E2 was a Cockshutt 20 rebranded for sale in the United States.

References

Cockshutt tractors
Vehicles introduced in 1951
Cockshutt 50. The Cockshutt 50 row-crop tractor was a row-crop tractor produced by the Cockshutt Plow Company, from 1953 to 1957. It was the largest of a series of Canadian-produced tractors that started with the Cockshutt 30, and was based on the Cockshutt 40 with a more powerful engine. The 50 was a large four or five-plow tractor for general use. The 50 was sold in the United States as the CO-OP E5.

Description and production
The Cockshutt 50 was essentially a heavier Cockshutt 40 with a more powerful engine. The tractor was styled in the same streamlined manner as the original 30 by Canadian architect Charles Brooks. A Buda Engine Company  six-cylinder gasoline engine was initially used with a diesel engine option  soon after.

The tractor was brought to market in 1953, rated for four or five plows. In addition to its optional live PTO, it could also operate belt-connected apparatus. Models were produced with narrow double or single front wheels, a wide standard fixed front axle and an adjustable wide row-crop front axle, and front wheel units were interchangeable with the 40 and the later 35. 3,974 Cockshutt 50s and derivatives were built at Cockshutt's Brantford, Ontario plant from 1953 to 1957. Base price in 1956 was  CA$2,872. A fully-optioned 50 could cost up to CA$4,000.

Comparable tractors to the Model 50 included the Case LA, Oliver 99, John Deere Model R, Minneapolis-Moline G and the Allis-Chalmers W.

CO-OP E5
Painted all-orange, the CO-OP E5 was a Cockshutt 50 rebranded for sale in the United States.

References

Cockshutt tractors
Vehicles introduced in 1953
Ochiai Dam. Ochiai Dam is a gravity dam located in Yamagata Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for power production. The catchment area of the dam is 371.5 km2. The dam impounds about 9  ha of land when full and can store 656 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was completed in 1958.

References

Dams in Yamagata Prefecture
1958 establishments in Japan
Senbacho Tameike Dam. Senbacho Tameike is an earthfill dam located in Yamagata Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for irrigation. The catchment area of the dam is  km2. The dam impounds about 2  ha of land when full and can store 112 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was completed in 1990.

References

Dams in Yamagata Prefecture
1990 establishments in Japan
Tateyama Tameike Dam. Tateyama Tameike Dam is an earthfill dam located in Yamagata Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for irrigation. The catchment area of the dam is  km2. The dam impounds about 1  ha of land when full and can store 23 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was completed in 1950.

References

Dams in Yamagata Prefecture
1950 establishments in Japan
James Duncan Hague. James Duncan Hague (18361908) was an American mining engineer, mineralogist, and geologist.

Early years 
Hague was born in Boston, Massachusetts, to the Rev. William Hague and Mary Bowditch Moriarty. He attended school in Boston and Newark, New Jersey, before enrolling at the Lawrence Scientific School at Harvard University in 1854. The following year, he headed to the Georg-August University of Göttingen in Germany to study chemistry and mineralogy for a year before studying mining engineering at the Royal Saxon Mining Academy in Freiberg for two years.

Career 
After returning to New York, Hague was selected by financier William H. Webb to explore several equatorial coral islands in the Pacific Ocean. Webb was involved in the guano business, and Hague examined and documented phosphate deposits on Baker, Howland, and Jarvis Islands.

During the American Civil War, he spent 1862 and 1863 in Port Royal, South Carolina, as a judge advocate for the U.S. Navy, handling negotiations involving the Atlantic Blockading Squadron. He then worked for Edwin J. Hulbert, developing the Calumet and Hecla copper mines in Michigan, before joining Clarence King in 1867 as an assistant geologist on the Geological Exploration of the Fortieth Parallel.

In 1871, he headed to California to work as a consulting expert on mining engineering, working with both private and governmental clients throughout the western U.S. and Mexico. In 1878, he was a member of the U.S. delegation to the Exposition Universelle in Paris, writing a report on the mining companies and innovations on display.

In 1887, Hague acquired the North Star Mining Co. on Lafayette Hill near Grass Valley, California, which he had helped develop during his time in the state. He reorganized the company in 1889 and acquired several other mines, including Gold Hill. Working with his brother-in-law, Arthur De Wint Foote, he grew North Star's operations, eventually deciding to commission North Star House as an event space for the company and home for the company's supervisor, Foote.

Affiliations 
Hague was a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and in 1904 he became a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. From 1906, Hague was vice president of the American Institute of Mining Engineers. In 1887, he became a fellow of the American Geographical Society before becoming a councillor in 1907 and the society's vice president a year later.

Personal life 
In April 1872, Hague married Mary Ward Foote (18461898). They had three children: Marian (18731971), Eleanor (18751954), and William (18821918). He died August 3, 1908, at his summer home in Stockbridge, Massachusetts, and was buried in Albany Rural Cemetery in Colonie, New York.

References 

1908 deaths
1836 births
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Fellows of the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers
American Geographical Society
19th-century American geologists
Scientists from Boston
American mining engineers
American mineralogists
Mining engineers
Cockshutt 540. The Cockshutt 540 utility tractor was built by the Cockshutt Plow Company, from 1958 to 1962. It was a utility successor to the Cockshutt 20 tractor, capable of operating two or three plows. Following industry trends, the 540 was styled with squared-off lines compared to the streamlined look of previous models.

Description and production
The Cockshutt 540 was the only Cockshutt tractor to be marketed as a utility tractor. In accordance with industry trends of the early 1960s, the 540 was styled with squared-off lines by industrial designer Raymond Loewy. The 540 was powered by a Continental Motors Company  four-cylinder gasoline engine with a six-speed transmission, sharing the transmission with the larger 550. Although it was a utility tractor, the wheels could be adjusted in a manner similar to row-crop tractors, with power rear wheel adjust an option. A wide adjustable front axle was the only front wheel offering. The 540 came with a three-point hitch, power take-off (PTO) and hydraulics as standard equipment.

About 2,500 Cockshutt 540s were built at Cockshutt's Brantford, Ontario plant from 1958 to 1962. None were produced in 1960 due to excess inventory from previous years. Base price in 1958 was  CA$2,667.

References

Cockshutt tractors
Vehicles introduced in 1958
Raymond Loewy
Kyoto Municipal Subway 20 series. The  is an electric multiple unit (EMU) commuter train type operated by the Kyoto Municipal Subway in Kyoto from March 2022.

Overview 
The 20 series was introduced in 2022 with nine 6-car sets. These sets are replacing the oldest of the existing 10 series in service since 1981. Each vehicle costs around  to construct. Power consumption on these trains is projected to be about 30 percent less than the 10 series counterparts.

Formation 
Trainsets are formed as follows:

Interior 
The interior consists of longitudinal seating throughout. Cars 1 and 6 feature leaning pads at the centre of the end section which will increase standing room; these spaces are designated as "Omoiyari Areas".

History 
The design of what would become the 20 series was announced by the Kyoto Municipal Transportation Bureau on 29 March 2019 after a public vote.

The first set was delivered in 2021, and test runs commenced in October of that year. A total of 9 sets, 54 cars, are to be built by Kinki Sharyo.

The 20 series made its first trips in revenue service on the Karasuma Line on 26 March 2022; in addition, the fleet began service on the Kintetsu Kyoto and Nara lines from 12 and 17 April of that year, respectively. A second trainset entered service on 21 June 2022. Deliveries are expected to last until 2025.

To commemorate the type receiving the 2022 Good Design Award, a third set, scheduled to enter service on 18 November 2022, was built with commemorative "Kitayama Log" plating. Such plating is due to be applied to the pre-existing fleet as well as subsequent sets.

The 20 series received the 2023 Laurel Prize, presented annually by the Japan Railfan Club.

A fourth set will enter service on 27 September 2023.

Notes

References

External links 
 

Kyoto Municipal Subway
Electric multiple units of Japan
Train-related introductions in 2022
Kinki Sharyo multiple units
1500 V DC multiple units of Japan
C35 road (Namibia). The C35, also the MR 76, is a regional road in Namibia that runs from Henties Bay at the Atlantic Ocean up to the Angolan-Namibian border in Ruacana. It is  long. It has been described as one of Namibia's "most desolate roads".

The C35 starts  north of Henties Bay, branching off the C34. Is intersected by the C36 at Uis, the C39  east of Khorixas, the C40 at Kamanjab, and the C41 at Omakange. It terminates at the C41 in Ruacana. The northern section between Kamanjab and Ruacana is tarred, the section between Henties Bay and Khorixas is to be upgraded to bitumen standard, too.

Between Uis and Khorixas the C35 crosses the Ugab, the Aba Huab, and the Huab ephemeral rivers. Respective bridges and culverts were built in the 1960s.

References 

Roads in Namibia
Buildings and structures in Erongo Region
Buildings and structures in Kunene Region
Buildings and structures in Omusati Region
Galeão 8 FG Guanabara. The Galeão 8 FG Guanabara, was a Brazilian low-wing, single-engined experimental airplane intend to be an executive aircraft to the Brazilian Air Force.

Design and development
The Guanabara was based on the Fokker S.12 training aircraft, then manufactured at Fokker's factory in Brazil. It was proposed by technicians from the Ministry of Aeronautics. The main differences were the little retractable landing gear, newly designed canopy cabin, and additional fuel tanks at the wingtips.

The prototype was ready in April 1965, and flight testing began shortly thereafter. It proved to be very interesting, but problems included the limited passenger capacity and the complicated forward-proof contraction mechanism. This problem made engine maintenance more complicated. The prototype was abandoned, and sent to São José dos Campos, and stored at Department of Aerospace Science and Technology for a few months. 

Later the same year, it was modified by Brazilian Air Force engineers, and new tests were performed, in which it was successful. However, it was again abandoned and scrapped.

Specifications

See also

 Neiva Regente
 Neiva Universal
 Weber W-151

Notes

References

Abandoned civil aircraft projects
Single-engined tractor aircraft
1960s Brazilian civil aircraft
1960s Brazilian experimental aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1965
Lana Yarosh. Svetlana “Lana” Yarosh is an associate professor in the University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering at University of Minnesota. She is a Distinguished University Teaching Professor and recipient of the McKnight Presidential Fellowship. Yarosh does research as part of the GroupLens Research group.

Her research expertise in human computer interaction focuses on embodied interaction in social computing systems.

She is a member of the Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction (ACM SIGCHI), Member Institute of Digital Media and Child Development, Anita Borg Institute Systers, and a senior member of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM).

Biography

Education
Yarosh earned her Bachelor of Science degree in Computer Science and Psychology in the University of Maryland, College Park in 2005, and she graduated from Georgia Institute of Technology as a Doctor of Philosophy, specializing in Human-Centered Computing in 2012.

Career & research
Yarosh worked at AT&T labs for two years before joining the University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering as an assistant professor. Yarosh's research investigates human-computer interaction (HCI). Within HCI, her work focuses on child-computer interaction and social computing. Her work has led to numerous patents including a system and method for enabling mirror video chat using a wearable display device  and a system and method for providing separate communication zones in a large format videoconference.

Teaching
Yarosh began her teaching career in 2014 at the University of Minnesota. She's taught a number of classes in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering including: CSCI 1133: Introduction to Computing and Programming Concepts, CSCI 5115: User Interface Design, Implementation and Evaluation, CSCI 5127W: Embodied Computing: Design & Prototyping, CSCI 8001: Introduction to Research in Computer Science, CSCI 8002: Introduction to Research in Computer Science II, and CSCI 8980: Social Connectedness Technologies. Content from some of these courses is available on the online platform Coursera.

Yarosh collaborated with others to develop and deploy a YouTube CrashCourse series on Artificial Intelligence which launched on August 9, 2019.

Honors and awards 
 McKnight Presidential Fellows Award (2020–2023) 
 CSCW Best Paper Honorable Mention Award (2021) 
 CHI Best Paper Honorable Mention Award (2021) 
 CHI Best Paper Honorable Mention Award (2019) 
 Morse-Alumni Award (2019)

References

1983 births
Living people
Human–computer interaction researchers
University of Minnesota faculty
American women computer scientists
American computer scientists
University of Maryland, College Park alumni