omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Jacques Stosskopf. Jacques Stosskopf (27 November 1898 – 1 September 1944) held the post of deputy director of naval construction at the German-held Lorient U-boat arsenal, but was a member of the French Resistance and war hero killed by the Nazis.

Military career 

Born in Paris on 27 November 1898, Jacques Stosskopf was of Alsatian origin and spoke fluent German. Mobilized in 1917 as an officer in the French artillery, he was awarded the Croix de Guerre. Stosskopf was admitted to the École polytechnique in 1920 and became a marine engineer in 1924. As a naval construction specialist, he was appointed in 1939 as head of the new construction unit at the Lorient arsenal and promoted to the rank of Chief Engineer, 1st Class.

Resistance hero 

In June 1940, the base fell under control of the German Kriegsmarine, who used it to repair and resupply their U-boats. Beginning in September 1940, Stosskopf pretended to collaborate with the Germans, using his position to inform Allied forces of submarine movements at Lorient. Stosskopf was denounced under torture by a captured agent of the Alliance network within the French Resistance. He was arrested by the Gestapo in February 1944, but many French believed that the Germans had promoted him.

The reality was quite different: Stosskopf was tortured by the Gestapo and deported under the Nacht und Nebel programme. He was executed at Struthof camp in Alsace on 1 September 1944, before the arrival of the Allies. Stosskopf was posthumously awarded the Legion of Honour in August 1945, astonishing those who had believed that he was a traitor. The submarine base at Lorient was renamed in his honour in July 1946 as Base Ingénieur Général Stosskopf.

References

French Resistance members
French civilians killed in World War II
Commanders of the Legion of Honour
Recipients of the Croix de Guerre 1914–1918 (France)
École Polytechnique alumni
Engineers from Paris
1898 births
1944 deaths
French people executed in Nazi concentration camps
Resistance members who died in Nazi concentration camps
French people who died in Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp
Alsakharovite-Zn. Alsakharovite-Zn (IMA symbol: Ask-Zn) is an extremely rare alkaline strontium zinc titanium silicate mineral from the cyclosilicates class, with the chemical formula , from alkaline pegmatites. It belongs to the labuntsovite group.

The mineral crystallizes in the monoclinic system with space group Cm.

References

Cyclosilicates
Titanium minerals
Strontium minerals
Zinc minerals
Niobium minerals
Potassium minerals
Sodium minerals
Monoclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 8
Minerals described in 2003
Ilmenium. Ilmenium was the proposed name for a new element found by the chemist R. Hermann in 1847. During the analysis of the mineral samarskite, he concluded that it does contain an element similar to niobium and tantalum. The similar reactivity of niobium and tantalum complicated preparation of pure samples of the metals and therefore several new elements were proposed, which were later found to be mixtures of niobium and tantalum.

The differences between tantalum and niobium, and the fact that no other similar element was present, were unequivocally demonstrated in 1864 by Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand, and Henri Etienne Sainte-Claire Deville, as well as Louis J. Troost, who determined the formulas of some of the compounds in 1865 and finally by the Swiss chemist Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac Although it had been proven that ilmenium is only a mixture of niobium and tantalum, Hermann continued publishing articles on ilmenium for several years.

The name "ilmenium" is a reference to the Ilmensky Mountains.

References 

Misidentified chemical elements
Niobium
Tantalum
Thomas A. McMahon. Thomas Arthur McMahon (April 21, 1943 – February 14, 1999) was an author and the Gordon McKay Professor of Applied Mechanics and Professor Biology at Harvard University. He was born in Dayton, Ohio, and grew up in Lexington, Massachusetts.

A pioneer in biomechanics, McMahon studied terrestrial locomotion and the relationship of body size to shape and helped to develop devices for cardiac assistance and orthopedic biomechanics. He used simple mathematical models to explain complex phenomena and validated his models through experiments. 
His book Muscles, Reflexes and Locomotion is considered a classic on the mathematics, chemistry, biology, and mechanics of animal locomotion.
His work with basilisk lizards showed how they run on water.

McMahon was the inventor of the "tuned track," a special springy running surface installed in Harvard's Gordon indoor track and tennis facility. Subsequent tuned tracks were installed at Yale University and at Madison Square Garden in New York and are credited with improving running times as well as cutting in half the number of injuries. 

McMahon wrote four well-regarded novels, the last published posthumously.  Loving Little Egypt won the 1988 Rosenthal Award from the American Academy of Arts and Letters. Characters in McMahon's novels are also credited with inventions, for example the odor amplifier.

Novels
 Principles of American Nuclear Chemistry: A Novel (1970), Little, Brown and Company, .
 McKay's Bees (1979), Harper & Row, .
 Loving Little Egypt (1987), Viking Press, .
 Ira Foxglove (2004), Brook Street Press, .

References

External links
 

1943 births
1999 deaths
20th-century American novelists
American male novelists
Scientists from Dayton, Ohio
Writers from Lexington, Massachusetts
Harvard University faculty
20th-century American male writers
Novelists from Massachusetts
20th-century American non-fiction writers
American male non-fiction writers
Mark Harman (computer scientist). Prof. Mark Harman is a British computer scientist. Since 2010, he has been a professor at University College London (UCL) and since 2017 he has been at Facebook London. He was founder of the Centre for Research on Evolution Search and Testing (CREST) initially at King's College London in 2006, latterly at UCL, and was the Director until 2017.  Harman has received both of the major research awards for software engineering (both awarded in 2019): the IEEE Harlan D. Mills Award, for "fundamental contributions throughout software engineering, including seminal contributions in establishing search-based software engineering, reigniting research in slicing and testing, and founding genetic improvement";  and the ACM SIGSOFT Outstanding Research Award

Harman studied software engineering at Imperial College, London, between 1984 and 1988. He has previously worked at the Polytechnic of North London (1988–91), University of North London (1991–97), where he was latterly Head of Computing, Goldsmiths College, University of London (1998–2000), Brunel University (2000–04), and King's College London, UK (2004–10) where he led the Software Engineering Group.

In September 2016, Harman co-founded Majicke Limited, creator of the Sapienz bug finding app. The company was acquired by Facebook and in February 2017 Harman joined Facebook London as a full-time Engineering Manager. He remains as a part-time professor of Software Engineering in CREST and the Computer Science department at University College London. He organizes the annual Facebook Testing & Verification (TAV) Symposium.

Mark Harman has published many academic papers, especially in the area of software testing, with an h-index of 75 (in 2017) according to Google Scholar. He has contributed particularly in the areas of program slicing and program transformation.
He is on the editorial boards of a number of academic journals including IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering and Software Testing, Verification & Reliability.

He coined the term search-based software engineering (SBSE) with B. F. Jones in 2001. Search-based automated test design technology has been deployed at Facebook since September 2017. Harman has also been working on "web-enabled simulation", a technology which uses a parallel version of Facebook to enable modelling and experimenting with approaches impeding bad actors.

Books
 Harman, M. and Jones, R., First Course in C++: A Gentle Introduction. McGraw-Hill, 1996. .
 Hierons, R., Bowen, J.P., and Harman, M., editors, Formal Methods and Testing.  Springer-Verlag, LNCS, Volume 4949, 2008. .

References

External links
 Facebook home page
 UCL home page
 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Alumni of the Department of Computing, Imperial College London
Academics of the University of North London
Academics of Goldsmiths, University of London
Place of birth missing (living people)
Academics of Brunel University London
Academics of King's College London
Academics of University College London
Facebook employees
Formal methods people
Software testing people
Computer science writers
English computer scientists
English book editors
Utva-65. The Utva-65 Privrednik (Merchant) is a Yugoslav civil aircraft designed and used for agricultural work.

Design and development
The Utva-65 was designed specifically as an agricultural aircraft. It was a single-seat, low-wing braced monoplane with a single engine.  The wings were essentially identical to those of the high-wing UTVA-60 apart from the wing roots, which were extended and strengthened so that the chord was greater and the wingspan increased by  These wings were of single-spar, all-metal construction, carrying ailerons that linked to the flaps, drooping 15 degrees when the flaps were set to 40 degrees.  A single streamlined strut ran from the upper fuselage to mid-wing on either side, with minor struts from them to the wing at about one-quarter span. The conventional all-metal tail surfaces were also from the UTVA-60, but had increased elevator area.

The fuselage of the Utva-65 had a steel-tube structure, with metal skinning forward and below and fabric elsewhere.  The single-seat pilot's cockpit was high and behind the trailing edge; combined with all-round glazing, this gave a good view and also increased fuselage space.  There was a  hopper for fertilizer, spray, etc. ahead of the cockpit. Standard spray bars could be fitted under the trailing edge. The undercarriage was of the conventional tailwheel kind, with cantilever main legs angling outwards from the wing root.

At launch there were three choices of engine, all Lycoming six-cylinder horizontally-opposed air-cooled types.  The GO-480-B1A6 produced 270 hp (200 kW), the geared GO-480-G1A6 290 hp (216 kW), and the IGO-540-B1A 350 hp (260 kW).  A later variant of the Utva-65, the Utva-67 (first flown in 1967), was similar, but had the eight-cylinder, 400hp (298 kW) Lycoming IO-720-A1A and a revised fuselage of greater capacity.  Its top speed was .

Operational history
The Utva-65 was used in Yugoslavia by agricultural cooperatives for pesticide application and mosquito control.  The Algerian airline Societé de Travail Aérien began operations in October 1968 using five Utva-65 aircraft for similar work.

Variants
Utva-65 Privrednik-GO
Variant with a 295 hp (220 kW) Lycoming GO-480-G1A6.
Utva-65 Privrednik-IO
Alternate variant with a 300 hp (224 kW) Lycoming IO-540-K1A5.
Utva-65 Super Privrednik-350
1973 variant with a 350 hp (261 kW) Lycoming IO-540-A1C engine.

Operators

Aircraft on display
Serbia
 Museum of Aviation (Belgrade) in Belgrade
A Utva-65 S is on display.

Specifications (Lycoming IGO-540-B1A)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

Branislav Nikolić, Na sopstvenim krilima, Štamparija Topalović, Valjevo,2009., 

65
1960s Yugoslav agricultural aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1965
Electric Park (disambiguation). Electric Park may refer to:

Any of several Electric Park amusement parks that existed in the early Twentieth Century
Electric Park, fictional town in motion picture Dear Wendy
Electric Park, neighborhood in Lincoln Park, Michigan
Electric Park, original name of Italian amusement ride manufacturer IE Park 
Electric Park Brake, subsidiary of TRW Automotive

See also
Tucson Electric Park
Wind farm, sometimes called "wind electric park" or "wind park"
China Zirconium Limited. China Zirconium Limited (China Zirconium) (HKG:0395) is engaged in the research, development, manufacturing, and sale of a range of zirconium chemicals, electronic materials (with zirconium), electronic ceramics, alternative energy materials, and rechargeable batteries. Its new energy materials products, including nickel hydroxide and hydrogen-storage alloy powder, are electrode materials for nickel metal hydride (NiMH), and nickel cadmium and lithium ion batteries (NiCd) batteries. As of 2009, China Zirconium Limited had an annual production capacity of over 40,000 tons of various types of zirconium chemicals and 1,500 tons of new energy materials. Its products are offered under the Long Jing trademark in the People's Republic of China, Japan, United States, and Hong Kong. Its business segments include zirconium compounds, electronic materials and electronic ceramics, new energy materials, and rechargeable batteries. 

China Zirconium was listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange on 28 October 2002. It started its operations in 1977 and is based in Yixing, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province. In 2001, it was ranked as the largest zirconium chemicals exporter in the PRC.

References

External links
https://web.archive.org/web/20090809192125/http://www.chinazirconium.com.hk/

Zirconium
Companies listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange
Companies based in Wuxi
Solids control. Solids control is a process used in drilling rigs which use drilling fluid. It involves separating the "cuttings" (drilled material) from the fluid, allowing it to be recirculated or discharged to the environment.

Background
Drilling rigs are drilling systems for creating boreholes in the ground. They use drilling fluid (also known as drilling mud) as lubricant and coolant for the drill bit and to clear the cuttings out of the hole. The drilling fluid needs to have the cuttings removed before being recirculated or discharged, which is achieved by the solids control system attached to the rig.

Operation
Solids control systems consist of several stages of treatment, removing progressively finer particles from the drilling fluid.

Screen separation
The principle of screen separation is to pass the drilling fluid over the screens with different size holes, allowing fluid and small particles to pass through while separating larger particles. It is used to filter large solids out of the drilling mud, typically with particle sizes above 75μm. The machines that use this principle are called shale shakers, and consist of a series of vibrating screens that the mud passes over. When working effectively these machines can remove up to 80% of the cuttings from the drilling fluid.

Settling separation
Settling separation relies on gravity to draw solid particles down through the fluid in vessels called mud pits or silt pits. The fluid flow rate is reduced, allowing the particles to drift down while the clean fluid is drawn off. This stage of separation deals with particle sizes between 15μm and 74μm.

Forced separation
Forced separation relies on perceived centrifugal force pushing solid particles to the outside of a rotating body of fluid. Machines that use this principle include centrifuges and hydrocyclones. The drilling fluid is injected into a cone-shaped vessel at high pressure, allowing the clean fluid to be drawn off from the top of the chamber. An alternate design relies on a rapidly rotating drum, which flings the solids in the drilling fluid to the outside of the cylinder to be drawn off as a thick sludge.

Gas separation
Sometimes gas can get into the drilling fluid from the rock that the borehole passes through. This can reduce the density of the fluid, causing structural issues in the well. A vacuum is applied to remove the gas from the fluid, then vented or flared off.

References

Drilling technology
Drilling fluid
Gary Railway. The Gary Railway  is owned and operated by Transtar, Inc.. It currently runs along 63 miles of yard track throughout Gary, Indiana as a class III switching carrier for local steel supply.  The Gary Railway is the successor to the Elgin, Joliet and Eastern Railway after Canadian National Railway purchased the majority of the former EJE and finalized the deal on February 1, 2009.

Currently the Gary Railway's primary customer is the U.S. Steel works in Gary, Indiana. However, it also serves four additional steel processing groups: Cleveland-Cliffs, Tube City IMS, Brandenburg Industrial, and the Levy Company.  The railway interchanges with Canadian National at Gary as well as several other Class I rail carriers connected along the lines of the former Elgin, Joliet and Eastern Railway.

References

External links
Gary Railway

Indiana railroads
Companies based in Indiana
Transportation in Gary, Indiana
U.S. Steel
Grutte Mûne, Broeksterwâld. The Grutte Mûne (English: Great Mill, Dutch: De Grote Molen) is a smock mill in Broeksterwâld, Friesland, Netherlands which has been restored to working order. The mill is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 11679.

History
In 1880 a windmill was built on this site by millwright Oege Plantinga of Wânswert. This mill was burnt down in 1887. The Grutte Mûne was built to replace it by millwright Gerben van Wieren of Jannum. It was originally built with two Archimedes' screws. The mill was at one time equipped with Patent sails. In 1934, one of the Archimedes' screws was transferred to the Lytse Mûne. The spurwheel needed to drive the second screw was removed around 1986 and later reused in gristmill De Vlijt. A centrifugal pump was installed in 1943 and the mill ceased to work. The mill was restored in 1959 and again in 1975, at which time the patent system sails were replaced by commons sails. In 1977 it was sold to Stichting De Fryske Mole (English: Frisian Mills Foundation). A further restoration was undertaken in 1994. In 2010 and 2011 major restoration work was done. Amongst others it was decided to repair the riveted stocks dating from 1902 instead of replacing them with new welded steel stocks and to refit the patent system which had been removed in 1975.

Description

The Grutte Mûne is what the Dutch describe as an "achtkante grondzeiler". It is a smock mill winded by a winch. There is no stage, the sails reaching almost to the ground. The mill has a single-storey brick base and a two-storey smock. The smock and cap are thatched. The four Patent sails  have a span of  and are carried in a cast-iron windshaft, which was cast by Prins van Oranje, The Hague in 1879. The windshaft also carries the clasp arm brake wheel, which has 66 cogs. This drives the wallower (35 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft, the crown wheel (48 cogs) drives the wooden Archimedes' screw via a gear wheel with 42 cogs. The Archimedes' screw has an axle diameter of  and is  diameter overall. It is inclined at an angle of 15°. Each revolution of the screw lifts  of water.

References

External links

 Mill working with refitted Patent sails (youtube movie)
 

Windmills in Friesland
Windmills completed in 1887
Smock mills in the Netherlands
Rijksmonuments in Friesland
Dantumadiel
Octagonal buildings in the Netherlands
Florida Probe. Florida Probe is a type of probing and charting software used by dentists and dental hygienists to detect and diagnose periodontal disease. It may also help to track down the progress and results of trial treatments performed on controlled study patients.

History
The software was developed by Florida Probe Corporation and released for the first time in 1987. It was created as a project for the University of Florida.

System components
The Florida Probe system consists of a computerized USB probe, a footswitch,  with digital readout, as well as the software proper.

Software features
 Customizable voice feedback (in different languages and genders)
 Robust SQL Express based Database Engine
 Tooth history and visits comparison charts
 Risk assessment, Summary reports, Plaque chart, Patient education videos
 Diagnosis Forms with Epad Signature support
 It can collect: Pocket Depth, Recession, Furcation, Plaque, Mobility, MGJ, Bleeding, Pus and more
 Ability to export all data to Excel format file
 Offline Mode
 Global Settings that apply to all workstations
 A complete patient record can be exported and imported using an encapsulated .FPC file
 Ability to link with over 40 different Practice Management Software providers, including Dentrix, DSN Software, Eaglesoft, Practiceworks, and Softdent

See also
 Charting application
 Periodontal probe
 Medical practice management software

References

External links
 Official website

Dental software
Dianium. Dianium was the proposed name for a new element found by the mineralogist and poet Wolfgang Franz von Kobell in 1860. The name derived from the Roman goddess Diana. During the analysis of the mineral tantalite and niobite, he concluded that it does contain an element similar to niobium and tantalum. The symbol was Di.

Following the rediscovery of niobium in 1846 by the German chemist Heinrich Rose, Friedrich Wöhler, Heinrich Rose, R. Hermann and Kobell analysed the minerals tantalite and columbite to better understand the chemistry of niobium and tantalum. The similar reactivity of niobium and tantalum hindered preparation of pure samples and therefore several new elements were proposed, which were later found to be mixtures of niobium and tantalum. Rose discovered pelopium in 1846, while Hermann announced the discovery of ilmenium in 1847. In 1860, Kobell published the results on the tantalite from a quarry near Kimito a village in Finland and columbite from Bodenmais a village in Germany. He concluded that the element he found was different from tantalum, niobium, pelopium and ilmenium.

The differences between tantalum and niobium and the fact that no other similar element was present were unequivocally demonstrated in 1864 by Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand, and Henri Etienne Sainte-Claire Deville, as well as by Louis J. Troost, who determined the formulas of some of the compounds in 1865 and finally by the Swiss chemist Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac.

Both tantalum and niobium react with chlorine and traces of oxygen, including atmospheric concentrations, with niobium forming two compounds: the white volatile niobium pentachloride (NbCl5) and the non-volatile niobium oxychloride (NbOCl3). The claimed new elements pelopium, ilmenium and dianium were in fact identical to niobium or mixtures of niobium and tantalum.

References

Misidentified chemical elements
Cycolor. Cycolor is a tradename for a color printing process that uses a special film coated with millions of capsules filled with cyan, magenta, or yellow dyeprecursors, acrylic monomer, and photo-initiators. When exposed to red, green, and/or blue light, the contents of the respective capsules polymerize imagewise, and therefore become hard and unbreakable. The film is then pressed against specially treated paper that will complete the dye molecule, and the capsules that have not hardened in the previous process break, releasing their contents onto the paper.

Cycolor was developed by Mead Imaging, a start-up created and funded by Mead Corporation, in the 1980s in Miamisburg, Ohio.  It was based partially upon the same technology as carbonless paper, which has largely been rendered obsolete. Although the technology was very successful, the cost was significantly higher than the then emerging toner-based or ink-based systems seen today for color printing.

References

See also
 CMYK color model

Photographic film processes