omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
VanGrunsven RV-1. The RV-1 is a Stits Playboy that was constructed with modifications by Richard VanGrunsven. The aircraft was the first of a series of Van's aircraft that became the most popular homebuilt aircraft produced.

Design and development

The first RV-1 was a Stits SA-3A completed on 3 October 1965. The Playboy is a single-place, strut-braced, low-wing aircraft with conventional landing gear. The aircraft engine was upgraded from the normally-fitted  powerplant to a  Lycoming O-290G. The resulting aircraft had good performance, but a high landing speed. On 16 August 1965, the aircraft was registered as an RV-1. Modifications included a new aluminum wing with flaps, Horner wing tips, and a bubble canopy. The fuselage uses welded steel tube construction in contrast to the RV series that followed which uses all-aluminum fuselage construction. The flaps reduced the stall speed to . A second series of modifications included a streamlined cowling, wheel pants and modified horizontal tail surfaces.

Operational history
The organization Friends of the RV-1 was formed to restore the prototype RV-1. It was flown across the United States and Canada in 2012 to various airshows and events. On 23 July 2012, the prototype RV-1 will be showcased at the EAA AirVenture Oshkosh, prior to donation to the EAA AirVenture Museum.

The Spirit of Flight Center air museum located in Erie, Colorado has an RV-1 which is airworthy.  The Spirit of Flight RV-1 is displayed at the museum and at airshows and events.

Variants
Van's Aircraft RV-3 - The next design by VanGrunsven, based on the RV-1.

Specifications (RV-1)

References

External links

AVweb video about the RV-1
Friends of the RV-1

Homebuilt aircraft
RV-01
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
1960s United States sport aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1965
Single-engined piston aircraft
Interchalcogen. The chalcogens react with each other to form interchalcogen compounds.

Although no chalcogen is extremely electropositive, nor quite as electronegative as the halogen fluorine (the most electronegative element), there is a large difference in electronegativity between the top (oxygen = 3.44 — the second most electronegative element after fluorine) and bottom (polonium = 2.0) of the group. Combined with the fact that there is a significant trend towards increasing metallic behaviour while descending the group (oxygen is a gaseous nonmetal, while polonium is a silvery post-transition metal), this causes the interchalcogens to display many different kinds of bonding: covalent, ionic, metallic, and semimetallic.

Known binary interchalcogens

Bonding in the binary interchalcogens
Going down the above table, there is a transition from covalent bonding (with discrete molecules) to ionic bonding; going across the table, there is a transition from ionic bonding to metallic bonding. (Covalent bonding occurs when both elements have similar high electronegativities; ionic bonding occurs when the two elements have very different electronegativities, one low and the other high; metallic bonding occurs when both elements have similar low electronegativities.) For example, in the leftmost column of the table (with bonds to oxygen),  and  are purely covalent,  and  are polar molecules,  forms chained polymers (stretching in one dimension),  forms layered polymers (stretching in two dimensions), and  is ionic with the fluorite structure (spatial polymers, stretching in three dimensions); in the bottom row of the table (with bonds to polonium),  and PoS are ionic,  and  are semimetallic, and  is metallic.

Summary of known binary interchalcogens

Sulfur chalcogenides

Lower sulfur oxides,  where the ratio x:y is greater than 1:2
Disulfur monoxide, 
Disulfur dioxide, 
Sulfur monoxide, SO
Sulfur dioxide, 
Sulfur trioxide, 
Higher sulfur oxides,  where x > 3

Selenium chalcogenides

Selenium dioxide, 
Selenium trioxide, 
Many "alloys" of selenium and sulfur in different concentrations with semimetallic bonding, 
"Selenium monosulfide", SeS
"Selenium disulfide", , actually a 2:1 mixture of cyclo- and cyclo-
"Selenium trisulfide", , actually occurring as an 8-membered cyclic compound  (diselenacyclooctasulfane), where two sulfur atoms in the molecule of cyclooctasulfur are replaced by selenium atoms

Tellurium chalcogenides

Tellurium monoxide, TeO (unstable transient species)
Tellurium dioxide, 
Tellurium trioxide, 
Ditellurium pentoxide, 
Many "alloys" of tellurium and sulfur in different concentrations with semimetallic bonding, 
Many "alloys" of tellurium and selenium in different concentrations with semimetallic bonding,

Polonium chalcogenides

Polonium monoxide, PoO
Polonium dioxide, 
Polonium trioxide, 
Polonium monosulfide, PoS
Many "alloys" of polonium and selenium in different concentrations with semimetallic bonding, 
Many "alloys" of polonium and tellurium in different concentrations with semimetallic bonding,

See also
Interhalogen
Hydrogen chalcogenide

Notes

References

Chalcogens
Styrobot. Styrobot is the name applied to a number of site-specific sculptural assemblages created by the artist Michael Salter. Robotic figures puzzled together from discarded polystyrene packing forms, Styrobots have risen ceiling-high to dominate their space. Although Styrobots are often intimidating in size, their postures are generally non-threatening, at times meditative.

Origins
Salter has a history of using found materials in his work Around 2003, inspired by their "mechanical" shapes, Salter assembled a number of the pre-formed pieces into his first "big one." The six-foot tall figure led to a solo show at the Southeastern Center for Contemporary Art in Winston-Salem, where, in a 30-foot high available space, former curator David J. Brown suggested: "Why don't you make a really big one?" With that, Salter says, "I went to town." His giant Styrobots have since appeared in shows in New York City, Los Angeles, Houston, Miami, and Brussels, Belgium.

Interpretations

In his review of Salter's 2008 show at the Jeff Bailey Gallery in New York, critic Edward Leffingwell characterized the massive Styrobot as demonstrating the notion that the artist "seems to toy with the replicable quality of a culture represented by freshly designed or appropriated images." "It more or less dominated the space," Bailey said. Curator David Brown has written that "the Styrobots are dazzling in their splendor, ambitious in their realization, and serve evidence to the artist's expansive interest in the bombardment of images that we suffer." For Salter's 2009 installation If You Don't Buy It From Us, It's Not Our Problem, think.21 Gallery in Brussels proposed the figure of the Styrobot as:
"commenting on waste, the re-use of discarded material, and our uneasy relationship technology. The object itself can appear intriguing and beautiful. At first it appears to be a friendly machine, yet after close inspection it nevertheless reveals a much alarming reality. The polystyrene robot becomes a fearsome symbol of human consuming folly that is set to destroy mankind."

Etymology
The word "Styrobot" is a portmanteau of the words "Styrofoam" and "robot".

References

External links

 Michael Salter's Website
 too much at Rice University- featuring artist interview and time-lapse Styrobot construction video
 Ulrich Museum of Art- Robots: A Cultural Icon in Contemporary Art- including "Making of Styrobot" video

Robotic art
Conceptual art
Contemporary art
Installation art works
Polystyrene sculptures
2003 sculptures
Damodar Acharya. Damodar Acharya is an Indian engineer and educationist. He served as the director of the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur from July 2007 to 30 June 2012. The government nominated Acharya as a director on the central board of the Reserve Bank of India in October 2012.

Career
Professor Damodar Acharya received his Ph.D. (in 1975) and M.Tech. in IE & OR (in 1972) degrees from IIT Kharagpur, and B.Sc.(Engineering) degree in Mechanical Engineering with distinction (in 1970) from NIT Rourkela. Professor Acharya has about 32 years of diversified experience - twenty-seven years of teaching and research experience at IIT Kharagpur, and five years of experience in academic administration as Vice-Chancellor, Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Rourkela, and as Chairman of the All India Council of Technical Education.

Recognition 
The Chief Minister of Odisha conferred him with the Think Odisha Leadership Award in 2010, jointly with the former Vice-Chancellor of the Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Baidyanath Misra, for their contributions in the field of education.

Controversies 

 An undergraduate student at the Department of Electrical Engineering died during Acharya's tenure after a head injury was not tended to immediately, primarily due to the lack of medical facilities in the campus hospital and Kharagpur. Students staged a huge protest and Acharya's residence was vandalized, blaming the director and the hospital administration of negligence. Acharya resigned shortly afterwards. However, later investigations established that he was not involved in the incident and had no knowledge of it, and was cleared of any responsibility.

References

Living people
1949 births
Date of birth missing (living people)
Academic staff of IIT Kharagpur
IIT Kharagpur alumni
Reserve Bank of India
F24 camera. The Williamson F24 camera is a camera used for aerial reconnaissance by British and Allied armed forces from 1925 through into the mid-1950s, most particularly during World War II. It is also sometimes referred to as F.24 or F-24.

Design and development 
The outline design of the F24 camera was carried out by the Royal Aircraft Establishment at Farnborough, and it was introduced in 1925. Detailed design, and most production, was by Williamson Manufacturing Company Ltd of Willesden Green, London NW.10. The F24 was designed to be lighter and smaller than the F8 camera of 1919, but the F8 continued to be used in less demanding installations. The main component units of the F24 are a body with roller blind focal plane shutter, gearbox, film magazine, and lens cone. Image film format is 5"×5", on 5" wide roll film, with magazine capacity up to 250 exposures (the F8 offered images up to 8"×7.5" on 9" wide film). Shutter speed is preset between 1/100s and 1/1000s.

By about 1940, most configurations of the F24 included a Dallmeyer Pentac lens with focal length 8", aperture f/2.9, with either a Type 21 hand adaptor with two side handles, or a Type 25 fixed mounting and Type 35 control box and motor drive. Weight of a typical hand-held version is about 20 lb. Prior to 1940, available lenses included focal lengths of 3.25" (f/5.6), 5" (f/2.8), 6", 10.5". In 1937, a 14" (f/5.6) lens was introduced, followed in late 1940 by a 20" (f/5.6) lens, and in 1942 by a 36" lens. Longer lenses, and larger image formats, offered more detailed images from extremely high altitudes.

During the Second World War, the F24 was also manufactured by Vinten. A modified but compatible version with lower weight was designed and manufactured by Eastman Kodak as the K-24, for use by US forces. Also in 1942, the F24 was developed into the F52 that used an image format of 8.5"×7", magazines up to 500 exposures, and was better suited for 36" and 40" lenses in larger installations.

Operational history 
During the Second World War, the F24 was installed in aircraft types including; Avenger, Blenheim, Catalina, Corsair, Halifax, Hellcat, Hudson, Hurricane, Lancaster, Liberator, Lysander, Maryland, Meteor FR.9, Mitchell, Mosquito, Mustang, Spitfire, Stinson, Stirling, Sunderland, Wellington.

See also 
 Aerial photography
 Aerial reconnaissance
 Fairchild K-20

References

Bibliography

External links 

 "Microgram Service"  a 1943 Flight article on the Williamson Micro- and Multi-printers
 "Williamson - the Name that makes Photographic History"  a 1945 Flight advertisement

Aerial cameras
World War II military equipment of the United Kingdom
Hans Vogt. Hans Vogt may refer to:

 Hans Vogt (engineer) (1890–1979), German engineer and one of the inventors of the Tri-Ergon sound-on-film technology
 Hans Vogt (linguist) (1903–1986), Norwegian linguist
 Hans Vogt (composer) (1911–1992), German composer and conductor
 Hans Vogt, Sr., German sailor in 1972 Star World Championships
 Hans Vogt, Jr., German sailor
Austrian Research Institute for Artificial Intelligence. The Austrian Research Institute for Artificial Intelligence (German: Österreichisches Forschungsinstitut für Artificial Intelligence - OFAI) is an Austrian non-profit contract research institute. OFAI is a research institute of the Austrian Society for Cybernetic Studies (Österreichische Studiengesellschaft fuer Kybernetik - OSGK), a registered scientific society founded in 1969.

History
The Austrian Research Institute for Artificial Intelligence was founded in 1984 with support from the Austrian Federal Ministry for Science and Research. Since its inception, OFAI has been headed by its director, Prof. Robert Trappl.

Research 
Currently, 28 specialists, mainly computer scientists and linguists, all graduates from universities, work as employees at OFAI, plus 9 scientists, mainly professors at universities, on a contractual base. OFAI basic and applied research is performed in several areas of Artificial Intelligence, most notably:
 Language Technology
 Interaction Technologies
 Neural Computation and Robotics
 Intelligent Music Processing and Machine Learning
 Intelligent Software Agents and New Media
 AI and Society.

External links
 Official website of the institute

References

Research institutes in Austria
Lucas L11. The Lucas L11 is a French ultralight aircraft that was designed by Emile Lucas. The aircraft is supplied in the form of plans for amateur construction.

Design and development
The aircraft was designed to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight rules. It features a cantilever low-wing, a two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration enclosed cockpit, fixed tricycle landing gear and a single engine in tractor configuration.

The aircraft is made from sheet aluminum with its windshield made from a single piece of flat plastic to save money on construction costs. Access to the cockpit is via gull-winged doors. Its  span wing has an area of  and is equipped with flaps. The standard recommended engine is the  Jabiru 2200 four-stroke powerplant.

Variants
L 11
Base model with a tapered wing.
L 12
Version with a rectangular wing and simplified construction, offered as a kit only.

Specifications (L11)

References

External links

2000s French ultralight aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Flucard. FluCard is a wireless SD card used primarily with digital cameras. The Flucard is manufactured by Trek 2000 International, which is the Singaporean company that is one of the purported inventors of the ThumbDrive technology.

Features 
The FluCard is designed to work with any device that has an SD host slot. Once it is plugged in, the device will gain Wi-Fi capabilities and be able to send files to other Wi-Fi-enabled devices wirelessly. Additionally, users can wirelessly upload files from the host device to the Flucard Portal or any other server of their choice.

History 
In 2005, Henn Tan, CEO and chairperson of Trek 2000 International directed the company's research and development team to create an SD card that could wirelessly transmit files, after his daughter misplaced her camera during an overseas trip, losing her pictures of the journey in the process.

Specifications 

Source:

 Capacity: up to 32 GB
 SD interface: SD memory Card Physical Layer Version 2.00
 Wireless interface: 802.11b/g/n Wi-Fi technology
 Wireless security: WEP 64/128, WPA, WPA2
 Wireless range: Camera to Wi-Fi devices: 20 m (typical); Camera to camera: up to 6 m (camera model applies)
 Dimensions: 32 mm (L) × 24 mm (W) × 2.1 mm (H)
 Weight: 4 g
 Antenna: Internal
 Buzzer: In-built buzzer
 SD performance: Class 6 (sequential write: no less than 6 MBytes/s)
 Wireless performance: Max connection rate: 65 Mbit/s; transfer speed: up to 2 MBytes/s

Supporting applications 

Source:

See also 
 Pentax FluCard
 Eye-Fi, a similar Wi-Fi SD card
 PHS CF, a PHS wireless modem technology based on CompactFlash cards

References 

Computer storage devices
Frederick Lamplough. Frederick William Lamplough (born Cannon; bapt. 11 October 1863 – 3 December 1926) was a British engineer who invented the diesel injector (Unit Injector).

Career
He formed the company Lamplough & Son Ltd in 1899. It was based in north-west London.

The company made aeroplanes, and internal combustion aviation turbines. The aircraft it built were very primitive, similar to craft seen in Those Magnificent Men in their Flying Machines, and not of the conventional shape seen today. The company also made aircraft rotary engines.

Diesel injection
The British patent No. 1517 was issued to him in 1911 for a diesel injection system.

References

1863 births
1926 deaths
English mechanical engineers
British inventors
Engineers from London
People from Paddington
HydroSack. A HydroSack or a HydroSnake is a brand name for a flood control sandbag alternative made by Gravitas International of Cheshire, North West England. They are very lightweight and thin until they come into contact with water, then they begin to retain water until they have reached capacity. The devices then resist any further water excess. These can be used to absorb, resist and redirect flowing water.

Design and use
The HydroSack and the HydroSnake are made up of an outer fabric consisting of non-woven polypropylene with a hydrophilic finish. The internal pads are composed of pads containing wood pulp and a superabsorbent polymer (SAP). In this form, the HydroSack or HydroSnake weighs . The HydroSack measures  and the HydroSnake measures . When a HydroSack or a HydroSnake comes into contact with water, the SAP crystallizes and absorbs the water. HydroSacks take approximately 2-3 minutes to reach full capacity. The HydroSack and the HydroSnake are very absorbent. Full capacity is between  of water. It retains this weight for up to six months. HydroSacks can be stacked together to form a strong ballast. It is used as a form of flood control and can be used to minimize the damage that flooding can cause. The HydroSack has a three-section structure with handles. When a HydroSack is no longer needed, the insides can be emptied into the earth after use, without any harmful effects.

HydroSacks and HydroSnakes are new innovations to replace sandbags for their multiple purposes, from road ballast signs to flood protection. Globally, other companies are making products similar to the HydroSack, such as UK-based FloodSax which have sold more than 2.5 million of their alternative sandbags worldwide and Thailand based Nanotec. Fife council in the United Kingdom recently integrated the HydroSack into their first response flood protection. In June 2013, some residents of Rosyth criticized the distribution of HydroSacks for flood control, complaining that they were a single-use, disposable product. The Fife Council confirmed this, but added they would last for two or three months once filled with water.

See also
AquaFence
Flood control
Sandbag

References

External links 

MSDS for HydroSack

Bags
Flood control
Discontinuous filament winding machine. A discontinuous filament winding machine (DFW machine or DW machine) is a machine for laying fiberglass filament windings over a cylindrical mould or mandrel bar using a carriage that is traveling along the axis of that mandrel. The mandrel is fixed on a mandrel stand and is rotated by an asynchronous motor. The carriage is the set-up that holds and winds the fiberglass on the rotating mandrel. The difference between the continuous and discontinuous filament winding machine is the area on which filament winding is laying out.

DW machines are normally used for manufacturing epoxy pipes.

References

Industrial machinery
Manouba University. Manouba University is a public university in Manouba, Tunisia.

Organization 
 National School of Computer Sciences
 Higher Institute of Multimedia Arts of Manouba
 Press and Information Sciences Institute
 Business School of Tunis

National School of Computer Sciences

The National School of Computer Sciences () or ENSI, is an engineering school founded in 1984.

References

External links
Official website
 National School of Computer Sciences

 
Universities in Tunisia
Europerf. The European Perforators Association, commonly known as Europerf, is the European association for the metal perforating industry.

History
Europerf was established in 1962. It is a not-for-profit association.

Structure
It represents 17 members in 11 EU member states. Perforated metal is used in many industries including food processing, building, vehicles and the chemical industry.

Europerf is located in Brussels, Belgium, in the same building as Pneurop, Comité Européen de l'Industrie de la Robinetterie, European Federation of Materials Handling or Orgalime.

Its annual meeting, organised by the Europerf secretariat, is held every year in May/June. The 2012 edition took place in Lisbon, Portugal, when Europerf elected a new president, Hans-Ulrich Koch, and vice president, Fred Graepel. The former president was Richard Bunker.

Perforated metal use
Perforated metal is used in construction (e.g. facade), in industrial and food processing industry (e.g. grain drying, seed grading), in the automobile industry or household appliances (e.g. dishwasher filters).

Perforated metal sheets found on buildings are mostly if not only made of stainless steel. In addition to its light weight, solar shading effects, light deflection, natural ventilation or noise reduction, it benefits from the intrinsic good points of stainless steel like resistance to corrosion or low LCA.

Noise reduction
Europerf promotes the benefits of perforated metal sheets. For example, perforated metal cladding reduces sound levels.

International co-operation
Europerf has links with similar associations worldwide like the Industrial Perforators Association (IPA) in the United States.

References

External links
 Europerf website

Pan-European trade and professional organizations
Trade associations based in Belgium
George Irwin. George Irwin may refer to:

 George Irwin (football manager) (1891–?), manager of the English football clubs Crystal Palace, 1939–1947, and Darlington, 1950–1952
 George A. Irwin (1844–1913), Seventh-day Adventist administrator
 George Rankine Irwin (1907–1998), American scientist in the field of fracture mechanics and strength of materials
 George LeRoy Irwin (1868–1931), U.S. Army general
 George Macaulay Irwin (1921–2020), American arts expert

See also
George Irving (disambiguation)
George Irvine (disambiguation)