Remote laboratory. Remote laboratory (also known as online laboratory or remote workbench) is the use of telecommunications to remotely conduct real (as opposed to virtual) experiments, at the physical location of the operating technology, whilst the scientist is utilizing technology from a separate geographical location. Remote laboratory comprehends one or more remote experiments.

Benefits
The benefits of remote laboratories are predominantly in engineering education:
 Relax time constraints, adapting to pace of each student, if there was insufficient time in lab
 Relax geographical constraints, disregarding the physical locality of the student
 Economies of scale, as sharing labs allows sharing of large fixed costs of traditional buildings
 Improve quality of experiment, as it can be repeated to clarify doubtful measurements in lab
 Improve effectiveness, as student may improve effectiveness of time spent at lab by rehearsal
 Improved safety and security, as no risk of catastrophic failure
 Learning Management systems this technology can be integrated into Moodle, one of the most used learning management system around the world.

Disadvantages
The disadvantages differ depending on the type of remote laboratory and the topic area.
The general disadvantages compared to a proximal (hands on) laboratory are:
 Lack of hands on trouble shooting and debugging experience.
 Lack of equipment setup experience.
 Lack of collaboration with others.
 High setup cost for the host of the remote lab.

Future direction
Current system capabilities include:
 Online session booking, utilizing a database and online interface
 Authentication to satisfy security requirements
 Desktop, generalized screen for chat, emoticon, time limit, bandwidth limit
 Live lab camera which allows panning, tilting, zooming, showing, hiding, refresh
 Circuit builder (this is just simulative)
 Function generator (this is just simulative)
 Digital multimeter (this is just simulative)
 Oscilloscope (this is just simulative)

Additional references 
For India's virtual labs project, see Virtual Labs (India). For the online project "Virtual Laboratory. Essays and Resources on the Experimentalization of Life, 1830-1930," see Virtual Laboratory. These resources provide further opportunities for virtual experimentation and historical insights into the development of experimental techniques.

External links

Live-Streamed Resources 

 Remote Experimentation Lab - RExLab
 Online remote lab library belonging to the Federal University of Santa Catarina. Includes live and interactive labs on topics within physics and biology.
LabsLand: global network of remote laboratories
A remote control to the real-world lab through the internet around the world (worldwide)
Give access to institutions around the world through their learning management systems 
Give the instructors access to view the student's progress on their remote lab
 Netlab from the University of South Australia
Remote lab based in southern Australia, but you must create an account and schedule a time to use the remote lab
Remote Labs in Modern Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara
Remote Internet Lab GymKT (the Grammar-school of J. Vrchlicky), Klatovy - this site includes information in Czech.
The site contains real physics experiments that can be controlled via a web browser. The user's web browser must have some services installed and enabled to access the experiment.
FARLabs
Online lab that provides 7 different remote lab curriculum; access to remote labs is currently only available to Australian students
Labwork
 Labwork is based in Hong Kong, China and provides participating educational institutions remote access to physical labs
University of Deusto
Users have to create and register on the website in order to access the resources.
Access to Existing Labs: Through the wCloud system, educators can integrate remote lab experiences directly into their curricula without requiring additional software or hardware installations.
Creation of Custom Labs: Users can develop their own remote labs using WebLab-Deusto's open-source software.
Acquisition of Laboratories: WebLab-Deusto also facilitates the design and deployment of custom lab equipment, including the WebLab-Box and an LXI version of the VISIR remote laboratory.
Internet microscope/Magnetic domain investigate, Physics Faculty, University at Białystok, Poland, since 1999
This is an open-access, internet lab. 
It is a remote lab about magnetic domains. All processes are worked on real lab instruments.
It contains both some instructions for guidance and the interface to process the lab
Two languages available Polish and English
Lila - Library of Labs
The labs listed provide a variety of virtual and remote experimental setups focusing on statistical mechanics, combustion, thin films, and nanotechnology. They offer platforms for modeling, simulation, and data acquisition across disciplines like pharmacy, electrochemistry, atomic force microscopy, and dynamic system simulations. 
Users have to contact the owner to use these remote experimental setups. However, they are free to use their online labs made through javascript.

Simulations 
Labshare 
It is the kind of lab that uses online resources to do lab simulations and is not a real lab. 
It connects manufacturers with laboratories and certification companies to accelerate the go-to-market.
Services include: Electromobility, Mobility, Electronics, and Medical devices
LabShare operates a worldwide ecosystem. Labs, certifiers, suppliers, experts, and consulting companies can access the LabShare ecosystem.
Labster 
It is a company that provides online lab simulations, not an actual lab that people can remotely control through web pages and apps.
It is designed for students to experience science and make science accessible to the students. Every simulation is designed by the scientist who works in that area, which is a very reliable science simulation.
Areas of simulation include Biology, Chemistry, Physics, and others.
Remotely controlled lab  from the Palacký University of Olomou
This website is a physics lab that allows the user to access and do the remote lab from anywhere in the world. It has 5 tabs, which include: Home; a description of the remote lab; remote experiments, and how these experiments allow for further increase one knowledge; Advantages, telling the users why the labs are crucial and beneficial; Chat, this tab is disabled; Links, these are the links to the actual lab and unfortunately the last 5 of them do not work.
Lila - Library of Labs 
These JavaScript-based setups can be utilized when the primary remote experimental setups are occupied, ensuring continuous access to the experimentation resources.
The data they generate are also based on the real primary remote experimental setups with detailed lab instructions provided.

Code-Based Labs 
 netCIRCUITlab
This website is about making a circuit online, the user has to create an account to be able to finish the circuit or even attempt to make one. This website requires some coding as making a circuit requires coding, so some knowledge of Java is necessary.
Edrys
 Edrys provides a free online learning platform that allows educators to create remote classrooms to connect with students. Educators can also use Edrys to provide students with remote and asynchronous access to their own in person labs
Robotic DistanceLab
 It is a collaborative platform for students and educators who use the HomeLab suite. Practical learning is promoted through practical examples of electronics, motor control and sensor integration, including the introduction of hardware and examples of procedures, and provides comprehensive learning materials and methods for the teaching and self-education of microcontroller technology.

Instruction Only Labs 

 Free Open Online Labs
This link directs you to an informational website about a company where you can sign up for a tutor that will help you in a course. The website states that their training provides hands-on experience to learn through the labs.

MIT iCampus iLabs from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and wiki
iCampus provides various project ideas and instructions for different kinds of labs for students to reference.
iCampus projects are chosen based on responses from MIT faculty to annual proposal requests. Additionally, iCampus has awarded over $1.5 million for projects conceived, initiated, and managed entirely by students.
iSES internet School Experiment System
Provides students with ISES WEB Control kit for remote laboratories. They are written in javascript and can be accessed remotely through a browser. The javascript are used to control external physical labs.
Online-Lab, Carinthia
Provides full educational lab frameworks  for teachers to do with their students. They use their proprietary VISIR technology to be able to connect students to their online labs.
International Conference on Remote Engineering and Virtual Instrumentation (REV) 
The conference disseminates the latest research and developments through its proceedings and indexed publications.  
A significant feature of the conference is its focus on instructional labs. These sessions are designed to provide practical, hands-on experience with new technologies and systems. Participants can learn directly from experts how to implement and utilize these technologies in their own educational settings.
STE maintains a mailing list. Subscribers to this list receive regular updates about conference details, calls for papers, keynote announcements, and other important information.

Additional Extensions and Resources 
Moodle EJSApp and Extensions Set for Virtual and Remote Laboratories
Plugin allowing for Java or Javascript remote lab code to be directly downloaded to a Moodle course.

Currently Nonfunctional or Inaccessible 
University Network of Interactive Labs Spanish Open University
Includes labs encompassing several topics within physics. Access requires the creation of an account which is currently nonfunctional.
Remote Labs from the University of Technology Sydney
iLabs from the University of Queensland
UWA Telerobot - Site no longer exits (May 17, 2024)
iLough-Lab, University of Loughborough **(link not working) as of 05/31/2024
International Journal of Online Engineering **(link not working) as of 05/31/2024
R-DSP Lab, University of Patras - 
 (link not working) as of 05/31/2024
Laboratory meetings used to be open 24 hours a day, allowing students to remotely verify their DSP applications, which were written in C or assembly language. An important function introduced by the R-DSP laboratory enabled students to remotely control their DSP applications through the GUI (graphical user interface) they developed. This function enhanced learning by allowing direct interaction with hardware through the control environment. - The related article
DSIP Lab, University of Patras - the current project they are working on after the R-DSP
It is now run by ECE department in University of Patras
This project now pivots into experiments about digital signaling, which is mostly about working on tools, not physics-related topics
Remotely Controlled Laboratory, University of Technology Kaiserslautern
It is about experiment and education in physics. However, the education part is not available anymore. This website is now mainly used to show the research group's past articles and reviews from their experiments.
VISIR (Virtual Instrument Systems In Reality) - Blekinge Institute of Technology - link not working as of 5/31/2024
Remote Operation of Engineering Labs - University of Tennessee at Chattanooga - site not reached as of 5/31/2024

References

Laboratory types