omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Eun Ji Chung. Eun Ji Chung is an American biomedical engineer. She is an associate professor at the USC Viterbi School of Engineering.

Life
Chung earned a B.A. in molecular biology with honors from Scripps College in 2006 under advisor Emily Wiley. She received a Ph.D. in biomedical engineering from Northwestern University in 2011. Guillermo Ameer was her doctoral advisor. She was a postdoctoral fellow at the Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering at the University of Chicago under Matthew Tirrell.

Chung is an associate professor of biomedical engineering at the USC Viterbi School of Engineering. Chung's research focuses on nanotechnology and biomaterials for biomedical applications. Chung has been recognized nationally for her work and received the NIH K99/R00 Pathway to Independence Award and the NIH Director's New Innovator Award. She was elected a fellow of the Biomedical Engineering Society in 2023.

References

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
American biomedical engineers
21st-century American women engineers
21st-century American engineers
21st-century American biologists
American women biologists
Scripps College alumni
Northwestern University alumni
University of Southern California faculty
Fellows of the Biomedical Engineering Society
NIH Director's New Innovator Award recipients
Marion Merklein. Marion Merklein (born 1973) is a German metallurgist who studies metal forming, including stamping and additive manufacturing. She is a professor of mechanical engineering at the University of Erlangen–Nuremberg, where she heads the Institute of Manufacturing Technology.

Education and career
Merklein earned a diploma (the German equivalent of a master's degree) in material science in 1997 from the University of Erlangen–Nuremberg, and continued at the same university for a doctorate in mechanical engineering, through the university's Institute of Manufacturing Technology, which she completed in 2001. Her dissertation concerned the use of lasers in the additive manufacturing of aluminum alloys.

From 2001 to 2008 she worked as a senior manager in the Institute of Manufacturing Technology, on sheet metal forming, earning a habilitation in 2006. In 2008 she took a professorship in the institute, serving as dean of engineering from 2011 to 2015.

Recognition
Merklein was a 2004 recipient of the Heinz Maier-Leibnitz-Preis and a 2013 recipient of the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize. With Jürgen Lechler, she was a 2008 recipient of the SAE/AISI Sydney H. Melbourne Award for Excellence in the Advancement of Automotive Sheet Steel.

In 2015, she was elected to the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina and to the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities. She is also a member of acatech, the German Academy of Science and Engineering, and a Fellow of the International Academy for Production Engineering.

She received the Bavarian Order of Merit in 2018.

References

External links
Home page

1973 births
Living people
German mechanical engineers
German women engineers
German metallurgists
University of Erlangen-Nuremberg alumni
Academic staff of the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
Members of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
Giti Khodaparast. Giti Adham Khodaparast is an American condensed matter physicist and professor at the Virginia Tech College of Science. She was elected a Optica Fellow in 2024. Khodaparast earned a Ph.D. from the University of Oklahoma in 2001. Her dissertation was titled, Magneto-Optical Properties of Indium Antimide Based Quantum Wells. Ryan E. Doezema and Michael Santos were her doctoral advisors. From 2001 to 2004, she was a postdoctoral researcher in the department of electrical and computer engineering at Rice University.

References

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American physicists
21st-century American women scientists
American condensed matter physicists
Fellows of Optica (society)
University of Oklahoma alumni
Virginia Tech faculty
Semiconductor industry in South Korea. In South Korea, the semiconductor industry has continued to grow since the 1980s due to the heavy use of semiconductors in computers and other devices. South Korea held a 17.7 percent share in the global semiconductor market in 2022, and continued to be the second largest in the world for the 10th consecutive year since 2013.

The country accounted for 60.5% of the global memory semiconductor market, with a DRAM market share of 70.5% and a NAND market share of 52.6%. South Korea is continuously focusing on R&D and investment to maintain its competitive advantage. In addition, South Korea is pushing to expand its foundry market share based on ultra-fine processing technology. The country accounts for 17.3% of the global foundry market.

History
The history of Korea's semiconductor industry began in 1965. 
In 1983: South Korea became the third country in the world to develop 64K DRAM after the U.S. and Japan.
In 1992: South Korea rose to the top of the DRAM market.
In 2013: South Korea commercialized the world's first 3D V-NAND flash memory.

Major companies
DB HiTek
DI Corporation
Hana Micron
Samsung Electronics
SK Hynix
Telechips

Semiconductor cluster
The South Korean government announced in January 2024 its plan to invest about $470 billion over the next 23 years to build the world's largest semiconductor cluster in a large production complex to be built in Gyeonggi Province, along with SK Hynix. South Korea aims to increase the self-sufficiency ratio of essential materials, parts, and equipment for chip production to 50 percent by 2030.

Gumi is also the city which accommodate Semiconductor Clusters with Samsung Electronics and small and middle sized enterprises. SK Siltron also invest their factories and R&D centres in Gumi.

Output
In March 2024, the Statistics Korea released statistical data related to semiconductor production in February of the same year. Compared to the same month last year, production increased 65.3%, the largest increase since the end of 2009.

See also

Economy of South Korea
Manufacturing in South Korea
Semiconductor industry in India

References

Semiconductor industry
Economy of South Korea
Semiconductor industry in South Korea
European Rocketry Challenge. The European Rocketry Challenge (EuRoC) is a rocketry competition that has been taking place since 2020 and is aimed at university student teams from acrosse Europe. The competition is organised by the Portuguese Space Agency and takes place annually in Portugal. The event aims to foster education and innovation in aerospace engineering, and other fields, by allowing students to demonstrate their self build rockets.

The EuRoC was launched in 2020, as a way to support students preparing for the Spaceport America Cup whose plans were disrupted by border closures due to the COVID-19 pandemic. With the European Rocketry Challenge, the Portuguese Space Agency (Agência Espacial Portuguesa) aims to promote space technology and cooperation between European universities and research institutions in Europe.

The Competition 
As a competition, the EuRoC involves various challenges in which teams have to design, build and launch rockets. The tasks may vary from year to year, but they are designed to require technical development from the students. Participants not only have to develop a working rocket, but also fulfill certain objectives, such as reaching a certain altitude (3 km or 9 km) and carrying a payload to perform scientific experiments during the flight.

Rockets are built from a variety of materials including wood, aluminium, PA-12 and glass fibre composite.

Categories and Competitions 
Participants compete in various categories, depending on the target altitude of their rockets and the complexity of their designs. The launches are divided into two altitude categories, each further subdivided based on the type of propellant used (liquid, solid, or hybrid):

 3,000 metres altitude
 9,000 metres altitude

Teams are evaluated based on criteria such as rocket performance, accuracy in reaching the intended altitude, innovation in design, and operational safety.

Competition History

EuRoC 2020 
The EuRoC was held for the first time in 21 to 24 October 2020 in Ponte de Sor (Portugal), during the COVID-19 pandemic. The inaugural edition featured six teams and approximately 120 students. Since then, the competition has grown steadily, with around 600 students and over 20 teams participating annually.

The participating teams in the first edition with their respective projects were Space Team Aachen (DE) with CARL, Project EULER (CH), Copenhagen Suborbitals with DanSTAR (DK), Air ESIEA (FR) and TU Wien Space Team (AT) with Hound and STR-10.

EuRoC 2021 
19 teams with 400 students from 12 European countries took part in the competition.

EuRoC 2022 
25 teams with 600 students took part in the competition.

EuRoC 2023 
The competition took place from 10 to 16 October 2023 with 25 teams in Constância.

EuRoC 2024 
The event took place at Ponte de Sor Aerodrome and Santa Margarida Military Camp in Constância between 9 and 15 October. Awards were issued for technical report, vehicle design, team effort, flight performance (multiple categories), payload and overall ranking.

References 

Rockets and missiles
European student competitions
Student events
Luvly. Luvly AB is a Swedish automotive tech supplier and automotive manufacturer based in Stockholm. Founded in 2015, it specializes in tech for efficient design and production of lightweight electric vehicles.

History 
In 2015, three Swedish entrepreneurs from Stockholm, Håkan Lutz, Björn Lindblom and David Egertz, founded the Luvly startup focused on the development of electric vehicle technologies targeted at European metropolises. 

After 8 years of construction work and tests, at the end of April 2023, the company presented a prototype of a small 2-seater, the Luvly O hatchback. With an unusual concept drawing the attention of global media to a small, previously unreported Swedish company. The 2.7-meter vehicle was developed with lightweight components allowing for a low total weight of 380 kilograms. The 100-kilometer range is to be provided by a 6.4 kWh battery, which can be removed and charged from a 220-230 V home socket. The stiff sandwich composite chassis and safety cell is fitted with auxiliary energy absorbing foam blocks to increase passenger safety. 

An unusual concept adopted by manufacturer regarding the planned mass production of the future Luvly O is the desire to send unfinished cars in packaged sets from the main production plant. These are to be assembled later by micro-factories located in strategic locations. The media perceived this idea as an analogy to how furniture sales work in the Swedish Ikea store. This policy, combined with a simple and lightweight design, will allow the sale of serial Luvly for a price of approximately EUR 10,000 if the company manages to implement the project into production. Lightweight prefabricated elements are also supposed to be easy to replace in the event of damage. The company plans to collect orders by the end of 2023.

Products 
 Luvly 0 (2023)

References

External links 
 Official website

Electric vehicle manufacturers of Sweden
Swedish companies established in 2015
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 2015
Motor vehicle manufacturers of Sweden
Companies based in Stockholm
Car manufacturers of Sweden
Apsley Mill. Apsley Mill was a paper mill at Apsley, near Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom.

Early records
There was originally a corn-mill recorded in the Domesday Book.

Paper mill
The mill was converted to papermaking by George Stafford in 1778, and was purchased by John Dickinson in 1809. At Apsley Mill, Dickinson installed a new kind of paper machine, the Cylinder Mould Machine. Rather than pouring a dilute pulp suspension onto an endlessly revolving flat wire, this machine used a cylinder covered in wire as the mould. A cylindrical mould is partially submerged in the vat, containing a pulp suspension, and then, as the mould rotates, the water is sucked through the wire, leaving a thin layer of fibres deposited on the cylinder. The mill supplied cartridge paper for the British Army during the Napoleonic Wars, and produced envelopes, cards, ledgers and railway tickets, rather than paper, from 1888. The stationery products were branded Basildon Bond, Three Candlesticks, Lion Brand and Challenge Notebooks.

During the 1930s, the site became a vast industrial complex with the building now known as Apsley Mill Cottage, with its oak-panelled boardroom, at its centre. Following a change in ownership, Apsley Mill ceased the manufacture of stationery in 1999.

The war memorial, which is a grade II listed building, and Apsley Mill Cottage, which is also grade II listed, are all that remains of Apsley Mill. The remainder of the site is now occupied by Apsley Mills Retail Park (to the northwest), by residential developments and the Paper Mill public house, operated by Fuller's, (behind) and by the Holiday Inn Express Hemel Hempstead to the southeast.

References

Buildings and structures in Hemel Hempstead
Watermills mentioned in the Domesday Book
Railway Men. Railway Men (original title: "As-Sekka") is a documentary film directed by Erige Sehiri. Released in 2019, the film provides an intimate and thought-provoking exploration of the lives of Tunisian railway workers who labor on Line #1, affectionately referred to as La voie normale (the normal track). Despite its significance as the only railway in Tunisia built to international norms, Line #1 also bears the burden of being the most neglected.

Synopsis 

The film takes viewers on a captivating journey through the breathtaking landscapes of northern Tunisia, where an aging locomotive must be constantly patched up to keep running. Against this backdrop, we meet the film's protagonists: Ahmed, Afef, Issam, Abee, and Najib. These railway men and women grapple with their loyalty to the National Railway Company and their personal aspirations. As a new generation of workers, they redefine their vision of work in a society that strives to create a democratic way of existing.

Fitati, Ahmed's colleague, chooses a different path. He becomes a whistleblower, exposing train accidents and adding another layer of tension and complexity to their experiences. The film captures the essence of transformation and societal change in post-revolutionary Tunisia.

References

External links 
 
Films set in Tunisia
2019 films
Tunisian documentary films
Evelyna Bloem Souto. Evelyna Bloem Souto (1926 - 11 August 2017) was the only woman in the first class of the civil engineering course at the University of São Paulo in São Carlos, Brazil. She overcame considerable prejudice against women in engineering to build a successful academic career.

Early life 
Evelyna Bloem Souto was born in 1926, in São Paulo. Her interest in civil engineering emerged during her childhood. Her father, Theodoreto de Arruda Souto, was the first director of the Escola de Engenharia de São Carlos da Universidade de São Paulo (EESC) (School of Engineering at the University of São Paulo) between 1952 and 1967. When her father met with friends, the young Evelyna would listen with interest to their conversations about engineering.

Education 
Bloem Souto started her undergraduate studies at Escola Politécnica da Universidade de São Paulo. In 1957, her third year of college, she transferred her course to University of São Paulo at São Carlos. 

Whilst studying through a scholarship in France, she was made to dress as a man, wear galoshes, pin back her hair and draw a beard and moustache on her face so that she would be allowed on the work site of a tunnel alongside 10 male students. She agreed to participate as she really wanted to inspect the project, expecting to work on tunnels back in Brazil.

Career 
After graduation, Bloem Souto pursued and achieved a PhD. During her academic career she took part in more than 60 conferences around the world and received scholarships to develop research in other universities, including Harvard. 

During the creation of a Geology and Soil Mechanics department, which she played a significant role in developing, the chairman made her take on the role of librarian so that "nobody would know I was an engineer. But I managed to carve out my own space and it wasn't long before I became head of everything". She played tour guide to the department when the then President of the Republic of Brazil, Juscelino Kubitschek, and the then Governor of the State of São Paulo, Jânio Quadros visited. 

Bloem Souto taught Geotechnics at EESC and became a professor in the department for the rest of her working life. She played an essential part in the School from its inception, development and long term management, contributing to the institution becoming a national reference in the field of engineering.

Death 
Evelyna Bloem Souto died on 11 August 2017. A mass was held in her memory on 17 August 2017 at the church of Nossa Senhora do Perpétuo Socorro (Our Lady of Perpetual Help) in São Paulo.

References 

1926 births
2017 deaths
Civil engineers
20th-century Brazilian engineers
Brazilian women academics
Brazilian women engineers
University of São Paulo alumni
Academic staff of the University of São Paulo
Geotechnical engineers
20th-century Brazilian women scientists
20th-century Brazilian women educators
20th-century Brazilian educators
20th-century women  engineers
Cynthia Volkert. Cynthia Ann Volkert (born 1960) is a nanoscientist whose research focuses on the properties of nanoporous materials, particularly metals including gold, other nano-scale metals, and their machining and fabrication using focused ion beams, vapor deposition, and dealloying. Born in the US, and educated in Canada and the US, she works in Germany as professor and director of the Institute for Materials Physics of the University of Göttingen. She is a former president of the  and of the Materials Research Society.

Education and career
Volkert was born in 1960, in Williamsport, Pennsylvania. She studied physics at McGill University in Canada, graduating in 1982, and then went to Harvard University in the US for graduate study in physics. She earned a master's degree there in 1984, and completed her Ph.D. in 1987. Her dissertation, Flow and Relaxation of Amorphous Metals, was supervised by Frans Spaepen.

From 1988 until 1998 she worked in the US for Bell Labs. In 1999 she moved to the Max Planck Institute for Metals Research in Stuttgart (later part of the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems), where she worked until 2002. Next, she became a researcher at Karlsruhe Research Center (now part of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology), from 2003 to 2007. She took her current position as professor at the Institute for Materials Physics of the University of Göttingen in 2007.

In 2008, Volkert became president of the . In the same year she also became president of the Materials Research Society.

Recognition
Volkert was elected to the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina in 2011.

References

External links
Institute for Material Physics

1960 births
Living people
People from Williamsport, Pennsylvania
American physicists
American women physicists
German physicists
German women physicists
German nanotechnologists
McGill University alumni
Harvard University alumni
Academic staff of the University of Göttingen
Members of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina
Rawtenstall Town Hall. Rawtenstall Town Hall is a municipal building in Bacup Road, Rawtenstall, a town in Lancashire in England. The building, which served as the offices and meeting place of Rawtenstall Borough Council and has been converted for commercial use, is a locally listed building.

History
The building was commissioned by a group of local businessmen as a stock exchange. The site they selected was open land on the north side of Bacup Road. The new building was designed in the Italianate style, built in rubble masonry and was completed in 1876. The original design involved an asymmetric main frontage of four bays facing onto Bacup Road. The left-hand bay featured a round headed doorway with an archivolt and a hood mould. The other bays on the ground floor were fenestrated by pairs of square headed windows, while the bays on the first floor were fenestrated by pairs of square headed windows surmounted by round headed hood moulds containing roundels and other carvings. There was a row of dormer windows at attic level.

The building was acquired by Rawtenstall local board of health in 1889, and, after Rawtenstall was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1891, the new council adopted the building as its town hall. In 1910, after the responsibilities of the council had been expanded, the building was extended by an extra three bays to the left in the same style, giving it symmetry and connecting it to the headquarters of the municipal tramway. A further extension, at the rear of the complex, was completed in 1964.

The town hall was the venue for Rhodes Boyson's interview to become a teacher at Lea Bank Secondary Modern School at nearby Cloughfold in 1950. Boyson got the job and ultimately went on to become Minister of State for Local Government in Margaret Thatcher's government. Thatcher briefly visited the town hall herself and met the mayor in August 1979.

The town hall continued to serve as the headquarters of the borough council for much of the 20th century, but ceased to be the local seat of government when the enlarged Rossendale Borough Council was formed in 1974. However, the council continued to use the building for the delivery of some services until 2012.

In May 2015, a proposal was put forward to demolish the building, but ultimately, in the face of local opposition, only the 1964 extension and the municipal tramway offices were demolished, and, instead, a major programme of works to restore the town hall was implemented. The works were commissioned by the RTB partnership, a joint venture between Rossendale Council, Barnfield Investment Properties and Together Housing Group, and were completed in February 2019. Together Housing moved into the building, but, in the light of post-pandemic working practices, vacated the building again in October 2021.  In June 2023, the council announced plans for a skills centre in the building.

References

City and town halls in Lancashire
Government buildings completed in 1876
Buildings and structures in the Borough of Rossendale
Rawtenstall