omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
SM UC-3. SM UC-3 was a German Type UC I minelayer submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy () during World War I. The U-boat had been ordered by November 1914 and was launched on 28 May 1915. She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 1 June 1915 as UC-3. Mines laid by UC-3 in her 29 patrols were credited with sinking 22 ships and damaging 2 others. UC-3 was caught in a net, detected by hydrophone, and sunk on 23 April 1916 or mined and sunk on 27 May 1916.

Design
A Type UC I submarine, UC-3 had a displacement of  when at the surface and  while submerged. She had a length overall of , a beam of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by one Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft six-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine producing , an electric motor producing , and one propeller shaft. She was capable of operating at a depth of .

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of  and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, she could operate for  at ; when surfaced, she could travel  at . UC-3 was fitted with six  mine tubes, twelve UC 120 mines, and one  machine gun. She was built by AG Vulcan Stettin and her complement was fourteen crew members.

Fate

UC-3 was the first submarine to be detected and sunk using a hydrophone. UC-3s fate have different version: One is on 23 April 1916 she was detected using a hydrophone, trapped in a net, and then quickly sunk after a large explosion. The ship that sank her was the anti-submarine trawler Cheerio, captained by Thomson. Another is on 27 May 1916, she got mined and sunk.

Summary of raiding history

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Bibliography

German Type UC I submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1915
World War I submarines of Germany
Maritime incidents in 1916
U-boats sunk in 1916
U-boats sunk by mines
1915 ships
World War I minelayers of Germany
Ships built in Hamburg
World War I shipwrecks in the English Channel
Submarines lost with all hands
SM UC-4. SM UC-4 was a German Type UC I minelayer submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy () during World War I. The U-boat had been ordered by November 1914 and was launched on 6 June 1915. She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 10 June 1915 as SM UC-4. Mines laid by UC-4 in her 73 patrols were credited with sinking 36 ships. UC-4 was scuttled off the coast of Flanders during the German evacuation on 5 October 1918.

Design
A Type UC I submarine, UC-4 had a displacement of  when at the surface and  while submerged. She had a length overall of , a beam of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by one Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft six-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine producing , an electric motor producing , and one propeller shaft. She was capable of operating at a depth of .

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of  and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, she could operate for  at ; when surfaced, she could travel  at . UC-4 was fitted with six  mine tubes, twelve UC 120 mines, and one  machine gun. She was built by AG Vulcan Stettin and her complement was fourteen crew members.

Summary of raiding history

References

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

 
 

German Type UC I submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1915
World War I submarines of Germany
U-boats scuttled in 1918
Maritime incidents in 1918
1915 ships
World War I minelayers of Germany
Ships built in Hamburg
SM UC-6. SM UC-6 was a German Type UC I minelayer submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy () during World War I. The U-boat had been ordered by November 1914 and was launched on 20 June 1915. She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 24 June 1915 as SM UC-6. Mines laid by UC-6 in her 89 patrols were credited with sinking 55 ships.

Design
A Type UC I submarine, UC-6 had a displacement of  when at the surface and  while submerged. She had a length overall of , a beam of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by one Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft six-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine producing , an electric motor producing , and one propeller shaft. She was capable of operating at a depth of .

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of  and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, she could operate for  at ; when surfaced, she could travel  at . UC-6 was fitted with six  mine tubes, twelve UC 120 mines, and one  machine gun. She was built by AG Vulcan Stettin and her complement was fourteen crew members.

Fate
UC-6 sailed from Zeebrugge on 27 September 1917 to lay mines off the Kentish Knock and did not return. She was later reported by British patrols that strong explosions had occurred in explosive nets laid in the area that same day. Other sources, however, state that UC-6 was destroyed by a British seaplane on 28 September 1917.

Summary of raiding history

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links
 Knott, Peta (2015) 'UC-6 THames Estuary: Archaeological Report'
 Historic England Project to research First World War Submarines 

German Type UC I submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1915
World War I submarines of Germany
Maritime incidents in 1917
U-boats sunk in 1917
U-boats sunk by mines
1915 ships
World War I minelayers of Germany
Ships built in Hamburg
World War I shipwrecks in the North Sea
Submarines lost with all hands
SM UC-7. SM UC-7 was a German Type UC I minelayer submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy () during World War I. The U-boat had been ordered by November 1914 and was launched on 6 July 1915. She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 9 July 1915 as SM UC-7. Mines laid by UC-7 in her 34 patrols were credited with sinking 32 ships.

Design
A Type UC I submarine, UC-7 had a displacement of  when at the surface and  while submerged. She had a length overall of , a beam of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by one Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft six-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine producing , an electric motor producing , and one propeller shaft. She was capable of operating at a depth of .

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of  and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, she could operate for  at ; when surfaced, she could travel  at . UC-7 was fitted with six  mine tubes, twelve UC 120 mines, and one  machine gun. She was built by AG Vulcan Stettin and her complement was fourteen crew members.

Fate
UC-7 sailed from Zeebrugge on 3 July 1916 to lay mines off the English coast and failed to return.  sighted a submarine believed to be UC-7 on 5 July, west of the Bligh Bank,  from Ostend. The submarine in question was reported to be on a course that would run it into a minefield, and Verschollen notes that the time and place would be correct if UC-7 were returning to base. The bodies of two crew members were later washed ashore on the coast of Flanders on 19 July. She was claimed that UC-7 was sunk by HMS Salmon on 7 July off Southwold, but this was doubted since the reported position was too far off UC-7's operating area.

Summary of raiding history

References

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

 
 

German Type UC I submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1915
World War I submarines of Germany
Maritime incidents in 1917
U-boats sunk in 1917
1915 ships
World War I minelayers of Germany
Ships built in Hamburg
Missing U-boats of World War I
SM UC-9. SM UC-9 was a German Type UC I minelayer submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy () during World War I. The U-boat had been ordered by November 1914 and was launched on 11 July 1915. She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 15 July 1915 as SM UC-9. Mines laid by UC-9 in her two patrols were not credited with sinking any ships. UC-9 was lost 21 October 1915 to one of its own mines.

Design
A Type UC I submarine, UC-9 had a displacement of  when at the surface and  while submerged. She had a length overall of , a beam of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by one Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft six-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine producing , an electric motor producing , and one propeller shaft. She was capable of operating at a depth of .

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of  and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, she could operate for  at ; when surfaced, she could travel  at . UC-9 was fitted with six  mine tubes, twelve UC 120 mines, and one  machine gun. She was built by AG Vulcan Stettin and her complement was fourteen crew members.

Notes

References

Bibliography

 
 

German Type UC I submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1915
World War I submarines of Germany
U-boats sunk in 1915
1915 ships
World War I minelayers of Germany
Ships built in Hamburg
World War I shipwrecks in the North Sea
Submarines lost with all hands
International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids. The International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering developments in numerical methods applied to fluid dynamics. It is published by John Wiley & Sons. Its editors-in-chief is Charbel Farhat (Stanford University). The journal was established in 1981.

References

External links 
 

English-language journals
Academic journals established in 1981
Fluid dynamics journals
Wiley (publisher) academic journals
Journals published between 27 and 51 times per year
Carl H. Ziese. Carl H. Ziese, (2 July 1848, Moscow - 5 December 1917) was a German mechanical engineer, railway machinery manufacturer and shipbuilder of East Prussian origin.

Biography 
Ziese was the son of Alexandr Ziese, the proprietor of a great machinery workshop. After the death of his father he went with his mother to the Hanseatic town of Kiel, improving his workshop experience on mechanical engineering, traveling to England and Scotland and studying Naval Architecture and Mechanical Engineering at the Arts and Industries Academy of Berlin.

He also built with his father-in-law a shipyard in Pillau (present-day Baltijsk) near Königsberg, East Prussia (today Kaliningrad Oblast).

In 1877 They built the first torpedo boat ever ordered for the Russian Navy.

Personal life 
In 1873, aged 25, he married a daughter of Ferdinand Schichau (1814–1896), a railway engines manufacturer and shipbuilder who has studied and visited prominent engineers in Berlin, and in England who had started his own company in Elbing, a former hanseatic town, (modern Elbląg, Poland) in 1837.

His only daughter, née Hildegard Ziese, married Swedish Engineer Carl Carlson,  taking over as Hildegard Carlson, the general running of the several thousand industrial workers from their shipyards and factories in what is now either Poland or the Russian Federation.

1848 births
1917 deaths
Emigrants from the Russian Empire
Engineers from Moscow
People from Moskovsky Uyezd
Engineers from the Russian Empire
Inventors from the Russian Empire
19th-century German businesspeople
German mechanical engineers
19th-century German inventors
SM UC-12. SM UC-12 was a German Type UC I minelayer submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy () during World War I.

Design
A Type UC I submarine, UC-1 had a displacement of  when at the surface and  while submerged. She had a length overall of , a beam of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by one Benz six-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine producing , an electric motor producing , and one propeller shaft. She was capable of operating at a depth of .

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of  and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, she could operate for  at ; when surfaced, she could travel  at . UC-1 was fitted with six  mine tubes, twelve UC 120 mines, and one  machine gun. She was built by AG Weser Bremen and her complement was fourteen crew members.

Construction
The U-boat was ordered on 23 November 1914, laid down on 27 January 1915, and was launched on 29 April 1915. She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 2 May 1915 as SM UC-12.

Service history
UC-12 served with the Pola Flotilla based at Cattaro in the Adriatic. She operated as a minelayer, and undertook seven patrols in this role. Mines laid by UC-12 were credited with sinking six ships. One of these, the Italian Marechiaro sunk on 21 February 1916, was listed as a hospital ship and sank with over 200 casualties.
Since Germany was not at war with Italy at this stage, though Austria was, UC 12, like other German U-boats in the Mediterranean, operated under the Austro-Hungarian flag.

Fate
On 16 March 1916 UC-12 was sunk by the detonation of one of her own mines while laying a mine fields off Taranto harbour. Italian divers inspected the wreck and established its identity. The knowledge that Germany, technically their ally, was assiduously mining their naval bases was a contributing factor in Italy’s decision in August 1916 to declare war on Germany.
The submarine was raised by Italy and commissioned as X-1 in the Italian Royal Navy.

Summary of raiding history

References

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

External links
 X 1 Marina Militare website 

German Type UC I submarines
Ships built in Bremen (state)
1915 ships
U-boats commissioned in 1915
World War I submarines of Germany
Maritime incidents in 1916
U-boats sunk in 1916
U-boats sunk by mines
Captured ships
Submarines of the Regia Marina
World War I submarines of Italy
World War I minelayers of Germany
Submarines lost with all hands
SM UC-13. SM UC-13 was a German Type UC I minelayer submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy () during World War I. The U-boat was ordered for production on 23 November 1914, laid down on 28 January 1915, and was launched on 11 May 1915. She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 15 May 1915 as SM UC-13. Mines laid by UC-13 in her three patrols were credited with sinking 3 ships.

Design
A Type UC I submarine, UC-13 had a displacement of  when at the surface and  while submerged. She had a length overall of , a beam of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by one Benz six-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine producing , an electric motor producing , and one propeller shaft. She was capable of operating at depths of up to .

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of  and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, she could operate for  at ; when surfaced, she could travel  at . UC-13 was fitted with six  mine tubes, twelve UC 120 mines, and one  machine gun. She was built by AG Weser Bremen and her complement was fourteen crew members.

Fate
UC-13 departed Constantinople on 12 November 1915 to operate in the Black Sea. On 29 November, while navigating using dead reckoning due to the adverse weather, she ran aground  east of the Bosphorous, near to the Melen River. The crew subsequently scuttled UC-13 using demolition charges before being picked up by Turkish vessels.

Summary of raiding history

References

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

 
 

German Type UC I submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1915
World War I submarines of Germany
1915 ships
World War I minelayers of Germany
Ships built in Bremen (state)
Maritime incidents in 1915
U-boats scuttled in 1915
World War I shipwrecks in the Black Sea
SM UC-15. SM UC-15 was a German Type UC I minelayer submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy () during World War I. The U-boat was ordered on 23 November 1914, laid down on 28 January 1915, and was launched on 19 May 1915. She was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 28 June 1915 as SM UC-15. Mines laid by UC-15 during her eight patrols are credited with sinking three ships. UC-15 disappeared in November 1916.

Design
A Type UC I submarine, UC-15 had a displacement of  when at the surface and  while submerged. She had a length overall of , a beam of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by one Benz six-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine producing , an electric motor producing , and one propeller shaft. She was capable of operating at depths of up to .

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of  and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, she could operate for  at ; when surfaced, she could travel  at . UC-15 was fitted with six  naval mine tubes, twelve UC 120 mines, and one  machine gun. She was built by AG Weser Bremen and her complement was fourteen crew members.

Loss
After completion, UC-15 joined the Constantinople Flotilla and became the flotilla's only minelaying submarine in November 1915, after her sister ship  was accidentally grounded and subsequently destroyed by her crew. In November 1916, UC-15 was sent on a minelaying mission off the Romanian port of Sulina and never returned, being sunk by her own mines. This was probably caused by an encounter with the Romanian torpedo boat , whose captain surprised a German submarine near Sulina in November 1916, the latter reportedly never returning to her base at Varna. This could only be UC-15, whose systems most likely malfunctioned after being forced to submerge in the shallow waters, upon encountering the Romanian torpedo boat.

Summary of raiding history

References

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

 
 

German Type UC I submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1915
World War I submarines of Germany
Maritime incidents in 1916
U-boats sunk in 1916
1915 ships
World War I minelayers of Germany
Ships built in Bremen (state)
World War I shipwrecks in the Black Sea
Kaman K-225. The Kaman K-225 is an American experimental helicopter developed by Kaman Aircraft. One example was modified to become the world's first gas turbine-powered helicopter.

Design and development
The K-125 was Charles Kaman's first helicopter, which utilized intermeshing rotors and Kaman's patented servo-flap stability control. The K-125 first flew on 15 January 1947.

The K-190 and K-225 were an improved versions of the K-125, which first flew in April and July 1949 respectively. The U.S. Navy bought two and the Coast Guard one for $25,000 each. The United States Air Force evaluated one K-225 with the designation YH-22.

A modified K-225 equipped with a Boeing 502 (YT50) turboshaft engine became the first gas turbine-powered helicopter in December 1951. This aircraft is now at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.

A standard K-225 is preserved in the New England Air Museum at Windsor Locks Connecticut.

In 1953, the Turkish Army purchased one Kaman K-225 helicopter and a K-225 was the first helicopter flown in Turkey.

Variants

K-125  first two-seat prototype with  Lycoming O-390-3 engine and moulded plywood fuselage and bubble canopy.
K-190  improved prototype with  Lycoming engine, marketed as an open cockpit crop-duster, certified in April 1949
K-190A open frame three-seat helicopter, powered by a  Lycoming O-435-C engine. Type certified on April 15, 1949.
K-190B four-seat version.
K-225  improved model, powered by a  Lycoming O-435-A2 engine, certified on September 16, 1949.
K-5    designation for K-225 with Boeing T50-BO-2 model 502 engine.
YH-22  United States Air Force designation for one K-225 bought for evaluation.

Specifications (K-225)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography
 

1940s United States helicopters
K-225
1940s United States experimental aircraft
Synchropters
Single-engined piston helicopters
Aircraft first flown in 1947
Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear
Wilbur Wright und seine Flugmaschine. (Wilbur Wright and his Flying Machine) is the German viewing market title of a short silent film made in 1909 and is considered to be the first use of motion picture aerial photography as filmed from a heavier-than-air aircraft.

It was filmed 24 April 1909 at what is now known as Centocelle Airport, near Rome, by French cinematographic company .

The events leading up to the creation of the film began in 1908 when the Wright brothers received an invitation from the  to ship a Wright Flyer "Model A" airplane to France and fly it at Le Mans to dispel any remaining doubt that they had indeed conquered heavier-than-air flight.  Since few had witnessed their earlier successes, many in Europe were skeptical about their claims.  Some skeptics in the European press went so far as to claim that the stories were a "bluff."  The 30 August 1908 edition of  was quoted as saying, "The experiments that Wilbur Wright is carrying out in France at the moment victoriously responded to this accusation."  Among those present for the public demonstrations prior to the filming was Louis Blériot, who would cross the English Channel by plane the following year.

It begins with a shot of Wilbur Wright starting the engine; an unidentified assistant (quite likely his brother, Orville) is seen at the front of the aircraft.  From there, shots of the aircraft in flight with Wright at the controls along with an unidentified passenger cut to shots of onlookers on the ground, presumably military and press liaisons.  The aircraft is shown in side-to-side flybys as well as low-altitude passes directly toward and away from the camera.

The aerial shots begin at the 1:34 mark immediately after a shot of the aircraft coming to a landing directly approaching the camera.  A title card appears which reads , or "Shots Taken from the Flying Machine."  From there, the shot is of the aircraft on its launch sled as it is being prepared for takeoff.  An assistant at the rear of the plane, again presumably Orville Wright, starts the engine as Wilbur Wright takes his seat at the controls.  The actual onboard shots, with the camera mounted on the left lower wing near Wright's seating position begin at approximately the two-minute mark of the film as the aircraft lifts off from the launch sled.  The canard, elevator and the elevator's control cord are in the foreground of the film as the Italian countryside (complete with livestock, a man on horseback and the ruins of a Roman aqueduct) passes beneath.

 has been restored and archived by Filmarchiv Austria.

References

1909 films
1909 documentary films
1909 in aviation
1909 short films
1900s short documentary films
French aviation films
Documentary films about aviation
French silent short films
Wright brothers
French black-and-white films
French documentary films
Films shot in Rome
1900s rediscovered films
Rediscovered French films
Integrated High Performance Turbine Engine Technology. The Integrated High Performance Turbine Engine Technology program was a project of the United States military, DARPA, and NASA.  Its objective was to conduct science and technology research that would secure advancements in the engineering of the gas turbine engines used in military aircraft. It ran from 1987 until 2005.

IHPTET designated goals in each of three engine classes: turbofan/turbojet, turboprop/turboshaft, and expendable engines. For the turbofan class the primary goal was to double the engine thrust-to-weight ratio.

The program made many significant developments which have been employed in such aircraft as the F-35 / Joint Strike Fighter.  It was firmly regarded as successful although it did not fully achieve its explicit goals.  It was succeeded by the Versatile Affordable Advanced Turbine Engines (VAATE) program.

See also 
 Advanced Affordable Turbine Engine (AATE)
 Adaptive Versatile Engine Technology (ADVENT)

References

External links

Further reading 

Aircraft engines
Jet engines