omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
CRRC Tangshan high-speed freight train. CRRC Tangshan unveiled the prototype high-speed freight electric multiple unit in December 2020, with top speeds of .

Design 
The  prototype builds on a temporarily rebuilt CR400BF passenger trainset (used for Alibaba's Single's Day shopping festival in November 2020), with purpose-built 2.9m doors, accommodating two rows of containers with roller floors. 

The train's design based on a passenger train resulted in an 85% utility rate for cargo, with 800 m2 of usable floor space. The train is designed to handle temperatures from -25 to 40 degrees Celsius.

The train was designed using biomimicry to resemble a Chinese sturgeon, which is claimed to reduce air resistance.

References 

High-speed rail in China
High-speed trains of China
Electric multiple units of China
Kathryn Jablokow. Kathryn W. Jablokow is an American engineer focused on engineering education, the engineering design process, and the cognitive psychology of engineering creativity. She is a professor of engineering design and mechanical engineering at the Penn State Great Valley School of Graduate Professional Studies, and a program director for engineering research initiation in the Division of Civil, Mechanical & Manufacturing Innovation of the National Science Foundation.

Education and career
Jablokow is the youngest of three children of Herman R. Weed (1922–2022), a biomedical engineer and professor of electrical engineering at the Ohio State University; her mother was a teacher of German. She was educated in electrical engineering at Ohio State University, earning a bachelor's degree in 1983, master's degree in 1985, and Ph.D. in 1989. Her graduate research, involving the design of large machines that walk, was supervised by David E. Orin, and she also counts Robert E. Fenton as a faculty mentor.

She was a NSF-NATO Postdoctoral Fellow at RWTH Aachen University before returning to the US to join the Penn State faculty in 1990. At Penn State Great Valley, she was associate chief academic officer from 2017 to 2020; she began a two-year term at the National Science Foundation in 2021.

Recognition
In 2009, Jablokow was named an ASME Fellow. She was the 2016 winner of the Ruth and Joel Spira Outstanding Design Educator Award of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
20th-century American engineers
21st-century American engineers
American women engineers
Engineering educators
Ohio State University College of Engineering alumni
Pennsylvania State University faculty
United States National Science Foundation officials
Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Cessna (disambiguation). Cessna was an American aircraft manufacturing company.

Cessna is the name of:

People
 Bob Cessna (1934–2008), American actor
 Clyde Cessna (1879–1954), American aircraft designer
 John Cessna (1821–1893), American politician from Pennsylvania

Places
 Cessna, Pennsylvania
 Cessna Township, Hardin County, Ohio

See also
 Cesena
 Cessna Aircraft Field
 Cessna Stadium
Capacitated arc routing problem. In mathematics, the capacitated arc routing problem (CARP) is that of finding the shortest tour with a minimum graph/travel distance of a mixed graph with undirected edges and directed arcs given capacity constraints for objects that move along the graph that represent snow-plowers, street sweeping machines, or winter gritters, or other real-world objects with capacity constraints. The constraint can be imposed for the length of time the vehicle is away from the central depot, or a total distance traveled, or a combination of the two with different weighting factors.

There are many different variations of the CARP described in the book Arc Routing:Problems, Methods, and Applications by Ángel Corberán and Gilbert Laporte.

Solving the CARP involves the study of graph theory, arc routing, operations research, and geographical routing algorithms to find the shortest path efficiently.

The CARP is NP-hard arc routing problem.

The CARP can be solved with combinatorial optimization including convex hulls.

The large-scale capacitated arc routing problem (LSCARP) is a variant of the capacitated arc routing problem that applies to hundreds of edges and nodes to realistically simulate and model large complex environments.

References 

Graph theory
Kuobetsu Dam. Kuobetsu Dam  is an earthfill dam located in Hokkaido Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for irrigation. The catchment area of the dam is 16.4 km2. The dam impounds about 12  ha of land when full and can store 795 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was completed in 1925.

References

Dams in Hokkaido
Hughes 31. The Hughes 31 is a Canadian sailboat that was designed by Sparkman & Stephens as a cruiser and first built in 1979. It is a version of Sparkman & Stephens's design number 2098.

The Hughes 31 is a development of the North Star 1000.

Production
The design was built by Hughes Boat Works in Canada, starting in 1979, but it is now out of production.

Design
The Hughes 31 was derived from the Sparkman & Stephens' North Star 1000 design by extending the transom and increasing the beam, plus redesigning a larger coach house roof to give increased cabin interior volume for cruising.

The design is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fibreglass, with wood trim. It has a masthead sloop rig, a reverse transom, a skeg-mounted rudder and a fixed fin keel. It displaces  and carries  of ballast.

The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel.

The boat is fitted with an OMC Saildrive gasoline engine or an optional Japanese Yanmar 2GM diesel engine for docking and manoeuvring.

The design has sleeping accommodation for six people, with a double "V"-berth in the bow cabin, a fold-out double settee and a single straight settee in the main cabin and an aft quarter berth on the starboard side. The galley is located on the port side just forward of the companionway ladder. The galley is L-shaped and is equipped with a two-burner stove, icebox and a sink. A navigation station is opposite the galley, on the starboard side. The head is located just aft of the bow cabin on the port side.

The design has a hull speed of .

Operational history
In a 1999 review in Canadian Yachting Pat Sturgeon wrote, "I always describe the Hughes 31 as a boat that gives "good bang for the buck" and the main saloon plays a big part in this evaluation. The table is all teak and folds up on the port bulkhead. This makes the main area of the boat very roomy. The cushions are made with four-inch-thick foam and the settees are quite comfortable. The location and layout of the galley make it appear to be an extension of the main cabin and the quarter berth - another feature that makes the Hughes 31 feel very spacious. If you have guests on board, the port-side settee can be turned into a double bed, bringing the total number of available sleeping spaces to six."

See also
List of sailing boat types

References

Keelboats
1970s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Sailboat type designs by Sparkman and Stephens
Sailboat types built by Hughes Boat Works
Bead maze. A bead maze or bead roller coaster is a children's toy. Bead mazes feature a wooden base with brightly-colored rigid wires strung from one side of the base to the other, often in intricate tracks that loop and intertwine with one another. Large wooden beads, often themselves brightly colored and sometimes having differing shapes, are strung along these wires, allowing the child to move the beads along the tracks from one side to the other.

Designed for children aged 18 months to 5 years, bead mazes are purported to encourage eye-hand coordination, spatial memory, and color and shape recognition through manipulation of the beads in three-dimensional space.
They are a common fixture in waiting rooms of doctors' offices to keep children entertained while waiting to be seen.

History
Bead mazes were introduced to the North American market in 1982 by Anatex Enterprises and in 1983 by Educo International, whose original designs featured five wires.
Educo discovered and licensed the invention from Australian educator George Valentine, a school principal who originally developed the toy for special needs children.
Anatex marketed bead mazes to pediatricians and teachers for use in doctors' offices and classrooms, and promoted them through the American Academy of Pediatrics.

Materials
A typical bead maze contains a wooden base with metal wires travelling in loops. Some bead mazes contain multiple wires with beads on each wire. The beads are normally made of wood to minimise friction.

Accolades
The original bead maze designs have been recognized over the years since they were first introduced.
 Anatex Rollercoaster
 1991 Parents' Choice Award: Toys
 1999 Dr. Toy Best Classic Toys
 2003 Parents' Choice "Best 25 Toys of 25 Years"
 Educo Super Maze
 1994 Parenting Magazine Toy Hall of Fame
 1999 Dr. Toy Best Classic Toys

References

Educational toys
Mazes
Traditional toys
Wooden toys
Physical activity and dexterity toys
Myra B. Cohen. Myra B. Cohen is an American software engineer whose research focuses on software testing. She is Susan J. Rosowski Professor Emeritus of Computer Science and Engineering at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln, and Professor and Lanh and Oanh Nguyen Chair in Software Engineering at Iowa State University.

Education and career
Cohen is originally from New York City. After studying agriculture and life sciences at Cornell University, she became interested in computer science through working as a data analyst for a hospital. She went to the University of Vermont for graduate study in computer science, and earned a master's degree there in 1999. Cohen completed a Ph.D. at the University of Auckland in New Zealand in 2004. Her dissertation, Designing Test Suites for Software Interaction Testing, was supervised by Peter Gibbons.

After completing her doctorate, she became an assistant professor at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln. In 2016, she was named the Susan J. Rosowski Professor there. She took her present position at Iowa State University in 2018.

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American computer scientists
American women computer scientists
American software engineers
American women engineers
Cornell University alumni
University of Vermont alumni
University of Nebraska–Lincoln faculty
Iowa State University faculty
University of Auckland alumni
Luxshare. Luxshare Precision Industry Co. Ltd., also known as Luxshare-ICT, is a Chinese electronic components manufacturer.

History 
Wang Laichun is the company's chairwoman, and co-founder. Wang founded Luxshare after ten years at Foxconn. Her brother, Wang Laishen, is Luxshare's vice chairman and is also ex-Foxconn. Wang Laichun's leadership style is seen as similar to Foxconn's Terry Gou.

Luxshare was founded in 2004 in Dongguan, China. The company designs and manufacturers computer cables; it is also a key assembler of AirPods for Apple Inc. The company was listed publicly on the SME board of the Shenzhen Stock Exchange in 2010. 

In 2020, Luxshare became an iPhone assembler after acquiring two iPhone assembly plants from Wistron.

In 2022, Luxshare was accused by Taiwanese prosecutors of stealing trade secrets. They were alleged to have poached much of competitor Catcher Technology's China based research and development team, this combined with the theft of trade secrets from Catcher is alleged to have allowed Luxshare to rapidly  enter Apple's supply chain.

During the 2022 COVID-19 protests in China, Luxshare was reported by The Wall Street Journal to gain an additional foothold in Apple's supply chain following protests at a Foxconn factory in the Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone.

As of July 2023, Luxshare was reportedly the initial and only contract manufacturer for Apple's Vision Pro spatial computer.

See also  
 Pegatron

References

External links 

 

Electronics companies established in 2004
Chinese companies established in 2004
Electronics companies of China
Chinese brands
Companies in the FTSE China A50 Index
2004 in Shenzhen
Workbench (disambiguation). A workbench is a sturdy table at which manual work is done.

Workbench may also refer to:

Furniture 
 Welding table, a machine shop workbench, usually made of metal
 Workbench (woodworking), a specialized table used by woodworkers

Software 
 Language workbench, tools that enable software development in the language-oriented software development paradigm

Databases 
 Database Workbench, SQL development and administration tool for multiple databases
 MySQL Workbench, a visual database design and management tool for the MySQL database system

Unix 
 PWB/UNIX or Programmer's Workbench, an early version of the Unix operating system
 Writer's Workbench, one of the earliest grammar checkers to receive wide usage on Unix systems

Other software 
 Genie Workbench, film and television production software 
 Open Workbench, a free project management software focused on scheduling
 Taverna Workbench, a former open source tool for designing and executing workflows
 The Geochemist's Workbench, software tools for aqueous chemistry using geochemical codes in a graphic interface
 WorkBench, a tool for preparing text for use in BitFunnel, the search engine indexing algorithm
 Workbench (AmigaOS), the desktop (or "workbench") environment and graphical file manager of the Amiga computer

Other 
 National Instruments Electronics Workbench Group, part of the company National Instruments which develops electronic circuit designs
 Workbench Songs, 2006 album by Guy Clark

See also 
 Work station (disambiguation)
Paul Earls Sabine. Paul Earls Sabine (22 January 1879 – 28 December 1958) was an American acoustic engineer and a specialist on acoustic architecture. Sound absorbing boards made of porous gypsum was sometimes known by the tradename Sabinite. He was a director at the Riverbank Laboratories until his retirement in 1947.

Sabine was born in Albion, Illinois, to Methodist pastor Charles and Rebecca Likely née McClure. He was educated at McKendree College (1899) before going to Harvard University from where he received a doctorate in 1915. He taught physics for a while and in 1919 he replaced his cousin Wallace Clement Sabine (who died from cancer) as director of the Riverbank Acoustical Laboratories (which later became a part of the Illinois Institute of Technology). He developed the work of his cousin and specialized in acoustic architecture and was a consultant for architects and involved in the design of the Radio City Music Hall, New York; Fels Planetarium, Philadelphia; and the House and Senate Chambers. He established relationships between total sound absorption, reverberation and the absorptive properties of materials while also innovating measurement, standards, and absorptive materials. A porous gypsum plaster to line walls and meant to absorb sounds was developed in 1924 by the Keasbey Mattison laboratories and marketed as Sabinite. During World War II he worked at the Harvard Underwater Sound Laboratory. After his retirement in 1947 he moved to Colorado Springs and spent a lot of time on Christianity and its relationship to science which he wrote about in Atoms, Men and God (1953). He published the landmark book Acoustics and Architecture (1932). His son Hale Johnson Sabine (1909-1981) also became an acoustics specialist.

References

External links 

 Atoms, Men and God (1953)

1879 births
1958 deaths
Acoustical engineers
McKendree University alumni
Harvard University alumni
Illinois Institute of Technology faculty
Bijapur Dam. Bijapur Dam is situated in the Garhi Cantonment area of Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India. The Bijapur check dam was built on the Tons river close to Karkuli valley by Britishers in the year 1841, witnessing the civil engineering proficiency of British official Sir Proby Thomas Cautley, who worked on this one of the oldest check dams in Uttarakhand to improve the water supply in the region.

History 
Cautley created the blueprints and cost estimates for the Bijapur Canal, but Captain Kirke—at the time the adjutant of the Sirmur Battalion—supervised the construction of the works. In the month of January 1841, water was allowed into the canal.

The Head works 
A mountain stream called Tons that drains the Karkuli valley provides water for the Bijapur canal. Captain Cautley took advantage of some sizable chunks of rock that had fallen into the riverbed close to the left bank directly beneath the settlement of Bijapur when determining the immediate location for the head works. The head was constructed entirely of loose rocks prior to 1858. In order to provide a full and constant supply of water during the rains, the canal was built with new head works that included scouring sluices, shrines, and grills, while also excluding pebbles and shingles.

See also 

 Dehradun canals
 Dakpathar Barrage

References

External links 
 

Dams in Uttarakhand
Buildings and structures in Uttarakhand
Canals in India
Irrigation in India
Water supply infrastructure in India
Y.3181. Y.3181 is an ITU-T Recommendation specifying an Architectural framework for Machine Learning Sandbox in future networks (e.g. 5G, IMT-2020). 
The standard describes the requirements and architecture for a machine learning sandbox (computer security) a in future networks including IMT-2020.

ML in 5G difficulties 
The integration of AI/ML has been identified as one of the key features of future networks. However, network operators have the challenge of maintaining the operational performance and associated key performance indicators during or after this integration. In addition, the introduction of Machine Learning (ML) techniques to fifth-generation (5G) networks may raise concerns regarding transparency, reliability, and availability of ML methods, techniques and data. Often, ML methods are seen as black boxes (especially for deep learning, the internal operation of the model is unknown because it is too complex or even hidden) that can learn complex patterns from training datasets.

Supervised and unsupervised learning 
However, such datasets may be limited and/or too complex, thus questions arise regarding the accuracy of the output of the ML mechanism. In particular, reducing the generalization error is the main concern in applying any kind of Supervised Learning (SL) approach, which can be high even if the test error is kept low (this phenomenon is commonly known as overfitting). Apart from SL methods, other branches of ML such as Unsupervised Learning (UL) and Reinforcement Learning (RL) deal with uncertainty in one way or another. Such uncertainty may entail the application of changes in the network leading to unacceptable performance.

On the one hand, unsupervised learning aims to find patterns from data without any guidance (unlabelled data) and hence lacks validation. On the other hand, RL is based on the learning-by-experience paradigm. RL has been shown to be of great utility for single-agent approaches in controlled scenarios, however notable adverse effects can appear as a result of the competition raised by multiple systems sharing the same resources (e.g., while providing heterogeneous services using common network resources). Moreover, when multiple systems are competing for the same market of users, exploration may hurt a system's reputation in the near term, with adverse competitive effects.

External links 
 ITU Focus Group on Autonomous Networks (FG-AN)

References 

ITU-T Y Series Recommendations
Meng Zhaozhen. Meng Zhaozhen (; 13 September 1932 – 15 July 2022) was a Chinese landscape architect who was a professor at Beijing Forestry University, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

Biography
Meng was born in Wuhan, Hubei, on 13 September 1932. After graduating from Nankai High School in 1952, he was admitted to Beijing Agricultural University (now China Agricultural University), where he majored in landscape architecture. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in February 1956. After graduation, he stayed and taught at the university. After university department adjustment, he moved to Beijing Forestry University, where he successively served as an assistant, lecturer, associate professor, and professor.

On 15 July 2022, he died from an illness in Beijing, at the age of 89.

Contributions
His works include Fairy Lake Botanical Garden, Sugen Garden of Beijing Botanical Garden and the rockery of Olympic Forest Park.

Publications

Honours and awards
 1999 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)

References

1932 births
2022 deaths
People from Wuhan
Engineers from Hubei
China Agricultural University alumni
Academic staff of Beijing Forestry University
Chinese architects
Members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
Škoda Sport. The Škoda Sport was a sports racing car, designed, developed, and produced by Czechoslovak automobile manufacturer Škoda. The two-seater roadster with aluminum body and pontoon construction was released in 1949.

Design
The car is based on the Škoda 1101 Tudor, introduced in 1946. The body was made by hand from aluminum sheets. The water-cooled, top-controlled four- cylinder - four- stroke - in-line engine with one or two compressors had a displacement of 1089 or 1221 cm³ and an output of 37-66 kW (50-90 hp) in suction mode and 48-132 kW (65-180 hp) in compressor operation. It accelerated the 655-715 kg vehicle up to 140-180 km/h (in suction mode). Via the gearbox flanged to the engine block and a Cardan shaft, with the driving force being transmitted to the rear wheels. The car's skeleton frame, which was forked at the front and rear, consisted of welded steel U-profiles and had a central tube.

At the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1950, drivers Václav Bobek and Jaroslav Netušil were initially able to keep up well. The usual racing fuel at the time was a mixture of petrol, ethanol, and acetone. The Škoda Sport thus reached a top speed of 140 km/h and achieved an average speed of 126 km/h. In the 13th hour, however, the car had to give up due to a defect.

Škoda Supersport
In 1950 the Škoda Supersport appeared in parallel. This vehicle was designed as a monoposto with free-standing wheels and also had an aluminum body. In addition to the engines mentioned above, a unit with a displacement of 1490 cm³ was used. The engine and driving performance also corresponded to the aforementioned model.

The bodies of both types were refurbished several times and fitted with different engines.

References

Škoda vehicles
Sports racing cars
Corundum (structure). Corundum is the name for a structure prototype in inorganic solids, derived from the namesake polymorph of aluminum oxide (α-Al2O3). Other compounds, especially among the inorganic solids, exist in corundum structure, either in ambient or other conditions. Corundum structures are associated with metal-insulator transition, ferroelectricity, polar magnetism, and magnetoelectric effects.

Structure 
The corundum structure has the space group . It typically exists in binary compounds of the type A2B3, where A is metallic and B is nonmetallic, including sesquioxides (A2O3), sesquisulfides (A2S3), etc. When A is nonmetallic and B is metallic, the structure becomes the antiphase of corundum, called the anticorundum structure type, with examples including β-Ca3N2 and borates. Ternary and multinary compounds can also exists in the corundum structure. The corundum-like structure with the composition A2BB'O6 is called double corundum. A list of examples are tabulated below.

See also 
 Corundum
 Ilmenite
 Perovskite (structure)

References 

Crystal structure types
Crystallography
Mineralogy