omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Biological Computer Laboratory. The Biological Computer Laboratory (BCL) was a research institute of the Department of Electrical Engineering at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. It was founded on 1 January 1958, by then Professor of Electrical Engineering Heinz von Foerster. He was head of BCL until his retirement in 1975.

The focus of research at BCL was systems theory and specifically the area of self-organizing systems, bionics, and bio-inspired computing; that is, analyzing, formalizing, and implementing biological processes using computers. BCL was inspired by the ideas of Warren McCulloch and the Macy Conferences, as well as many other thinkers in the field of cybernetics.

In the first decade of its existence, BCL was primarily a non-teaching research lab. Although students could work at BCL, they were not trained.

Until 1965, many researchers had a visiting professorship at BCL: W. William Ainsworth (England), Alex Andrew (England), W. Ross Ashby (England), Gordon Pask (England), Gotthard Günther (USA, Germany), Dan Cohen (Israel), Lars Löfgren (Sweden), Humberto Maturana (Chile), Francisco Varela (Chile), Ernst von Glasersfeld (Austria), Stafford Beer (England), John C. Lilly (USA). Ashby (since 1961) and Günther (since 1967) received regular professorships, and Löfgren and Pask remained in constant  contact with BCL even after their visiting professorship.

BCL was financed primarily by grants.  This came in part from military organizations such as U.S. Air Force and U.S. Navy which, in the 1950s and 60s, possessed large budgets for basic research.  Non-military donors included the Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research in New York, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Electronics Research Center, Boston, Massachusetts Office of Education, Bureau of Research, Washington, DC and the Point Foundation in San Francisco, California. With the beginning of the 1970s, military research funding became limited to projects that provided militarily useful results, and von Foerster was unable to identify adequate sponsors.  In 1974, the BCL was closed due to lack of research funds.

Sources
 Albert Mueller, A brief history of the BCL. In: Austrian Journal of History. 11 (1), 2000, pp. 9–30.
 Bernard Scott, Heinz von Foerster obituary, The Independent, 25 October 2002.
 Heinz von Foerster, Understanding systems: Conversations on epistemology and ethics, Springer, 2002.

Books
Albert Muller, Karl Muller (eds), An Unfinished Revolution?: Heinz von Foerster and the Biological Computer Laboratory / BCL 1958–1976, Edition Echoraum, 2007.

External links 
 BCL homepage
 Heinz von Foerster Homepage
 The End of the BCL (PDF 478 kB)

University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign centers and institutes
1958 establishments in Illinois
1974 disestablishments in Illinois
D. C. Reddy. Professor D. C. Reddy, is an Electronics and Bio Medical engineering professor was Vice Chancellor of Osmania University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. He was the 19th vice-chancellor, and served as vice-chancellor from 1999  to 2002;  he was preceded by Prof. V. Ramakistayya (1996–1999), and followed by Prof. J. Anantha Swamy (2002–2004)

References

Year of birth missing
Scholars from Hyderabad, India
Academic staff of Osmania University
Pramod Kale. Pramod Kale (born 4 March 1941) is an Indian engineer who has worked for the Indian Space Research Organisation in various leadership roles.

Early life and education 
He was born on 4 March 1941 in Pune, India. Kale completed his matriculation in 1956 from the M.C. High School, Vadodara and went on to study at Fergusson College in Pune. He completed his BSc Physics from Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda in 1960 and then his MSc (Physics-Electronics) from Gujarat University, Ahmedabad in 1962.

Career 
While studying for his MSc he worked at the Physical Research Laboratory (PRL), Ahmedabad for getting practical experience of Electronics and Space Research. During that time he started work on Satellite tracking. After getting his MSc in 1962, he worked for three years as a research student of Vikram Sarabhai. In 1963 he was selected as a team member for the establishment of Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS), near Thiruvananthapuram and for that work was deputed to work at Goddard Space Flight Centre, NASA, USA.

Awards 
 Shri Hari Om Ashram Prerit Vikram Sarabhai Award for System Analysis and Management Problems, 1975
 Padma Shri, Government of India, 1984
 Shri R L Wadhawa Gold Medal of Institution of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineers 1991
 Bharat Jyoti Award presented by Front for National Progress 1999
 Aryabhata Award, presented by the Astronautical Society of India in recognition of lifetime contribution to the promotion of astronautics, 2006

Publications 
Kale has published over twenty-five papers on various subjects from 1964 until 1994.

References

1941 births
Indian Space Research Organisation people
Scientists from Maharashtra
Living people
Gujarat University alumni
Recipients of the Padma Shri in science & engineering
Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda alumni
HMS Nymphe (1866). HMS Nymphe was an Amazon-class sloop, of the Royal Navy, built at the Deptford Dockyard and launched on 24 November 1866.  She served in the East Indies and Australia, and was sold in 1884.

Design
Designed by Edward Reed, the Royal Navy Director of Naval Construction, the hull was built of oak, with teak planking and fir decks, and she was equipped with a ram bow.

Propulsion
Propulsion was provided by a three-cylinder horizontal single-expansion steam engine by Maudslay, Sons & Field driving a single  screw.

Sail Plan
All the ships of the class were built with a barque rig.

Armament
The class was designed with two , 6½-ton muzzle-loading rifled guns mounted on slides on centre-line pivots, and two 64-pounder muzzle-loading rifled guns on broadside trucks. Dryad, Nymphe and Vestal were rearmed in the early 1870s with an armament of nine 64-pounder muzzle-loading rifled guns, four each side and a centre-line pivot mount at the bow.

History
She initially commenced service on the East Indies Station in 1867, before returning to England in 1871 for paying off. Nymphe was refitted, re-armed and placed in reserve. She started service on the Australia Station in March 1875. She left the Australia Station in August 1878, returned to England and was paid off in 1879.

Fate
She was sold from Chatham Dockyard in February 1885 to Castle and Sons, Vauxhall, Surrey for £3,745. She was taken to Vauxhall and broken up.

Citations

References
Bastock, John (1988), Ships on the Australia Station, Child & Associates Publishing Pty Ltd; Frenchs Forest, Australia. 

1866 ships
Ships built in Deptford
Amazon-class sloops
Victorian-era sloops of the United Kingdom
Inatel. Inatel is short for Instituto Nacional de Telecomunicações, the National Institute of Communications of Brazil.  The Institute is located on a 75,000 m2 campus in Santa Rita do Sapucaí in southern Minas Gerais.  Founded in 1965, it specializes in Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications education and research.

As of 2007, Inatel's monthly tuition was 950 reais, and about 5,000 students had graduated from the school.

The Institute sponsors the biennial International Workshop on Telecommunications held in odd-numbered years in Rio de Janeiro.

Researchers at Inatel publish and review technical papers for international conferences.

See also 
 List of universities in Brazil

References

External links 
 

Educational institutions established in 1965
Engineering research institutes
1965 establishments in Brazil
Universities and colleges in Minas Gerais
Research institutes in Brazil
Telecommunications in Brazil
Optical trackpad. An optical trackpad is an input device based on an optical sensor, which detects the displacement of a finger that is moving on top of it. The sensor is used typically in smartphones, where it replaces the D-pad, and in ultra-portable or ultra-mobile PCs, where it replaces touchpads, pointing sticks or trackballs as pointing device.

The main advantages over a D-pad are:
 It can track movements in 360 degrees and with varying speeds.
 It uses space efficiently, without the need for small buttons that are difficult to press.

Next to browsing through menus, it can drive a mouse cursor in point&click interfaces.

In comparison with touchpads, it detects actual skin displacement, instead of displacement of the center of the area being touched, and more similar to pointing sticks or compact trackballs by using experience, but with less physical feedback.

See also 
 Optical fingerprint sensor

References 

Pointing_devices
MyDLP. MyDLP is a data loss prevention solution originally available released as free and open source software. Supported data inspection channels include web, mail, instant messaging, file transfer to removable storage devices and printers. The MyDLP development project originally made its source code available under the terms of the GNU General Public License.

MyDLP was one of the first free software projects for data loss prevention, but was acquired by the Comodo Group in May 2014. Comodo has since begun marketing the Enterprise version through its Comodo Security Solutions subsidiary, while the free version has been removed from the website. The open source code has not been updated since early 2014.

Subprojects

As of October 2010, MyDLP included the following subprojects:

 MyDLP Network: Network server of the project, which was used for high load network operations such as intercepting TCP connections and hosting MyDLP network services.
 MyDLP Endpoint: Remote agent of the project, which ran on endpoint machines in order to inspect end user operations such as copying a file to an external device, printing a document and capturing screenshots.
 MyDLP Web UI: Management interface for system administrators to configure MyDLP. It pushed relevant parts of system configuration to both MyDLP Network and MyDLP Endpoint.

Platforms and interfaces

MyDLP Network was mostly written in Erlang, because of its performance on concurrent network operations. Python was also used for a few exceptional cases. This subsystem could run on any platform that supported Erlang and Python.

MyDLP Endpoint was developed for Windows platforms, and it was written in C++, C#.

MyDLP Web UI was written in PHP and Adobe Flex. It used MySQL in order to store user configurations.

Features

As of October 2010, MyDLP included widespread data loss prevention features  such as text extraction from binary formats, incident management queue, source code detection and data identification methods for bank account, credit card and several national identification numbers. Besides, features like data classification through statistical analysis of trained sentences and native language processor integrated Naive Bayes classifier were claimed to be included.

References

External links 
 

Free security software
Data security
Free software programmed in Erlang
Free software programmed in Java (programming language)
Software using the GNU General Public License
Griffin LGB. The Griffin Laser Guided Bomb (Griffin LGB) is a laser-guided bomb system made by Israel Aerospace Industries' MBT missile division. It is an add-on kit which is used to retrofit existing Mark 82, Mark 83, and Mark 84 and other unguided bombs, making them into laser-guided smart bombs (with the option of GPS guidance). Initial development completed in 1990.

The Griffin conversion kit consists of a front "seeker" section and a set of steerable tailplanes. The resulting guided munition features "trajectory shaping", which allows the bomb to fall along a variety of trajectories – from a shallow angle to a vertical top attack profile. IAI claims this gives the weapon a circular error probable of 5 metres.

IAI (which is owned by the Government of Israel) has sold Griffin to the Israeli Defense Forces, the Colombian Air Force, and the Indian Air Force; the system may also have been trialled by the South African Air Force. The IDF used Griffins in 1988 to attack Palestinian targets in southern Lebanon and against Hezbollah in 1996 during Operation Grapes of Wrath.

Bombs using the kit have been used on A-4, F-4E, F-15, F-16, Kfir, Super Tucano, Jaguar,Sukhoi SU 30 MKI and Atlas Cheetah D aircraft.

See also
 Spice (munition)
 GBU-12 Paveway II
 Sudarshan laser-guided bomb

References

External links
 IAI MBT's brochure on the Griffin 
 Photographs of a Colombian Air Force Griffin

Guided bombs of Israel
Hammermøllen. Hammermøllen was a set of water mills at Hellebæk, Denmark.

History
The first mill on the site was built in 1576, but it was only linked to weapons production from 1601, when the gun foundry was built nearby. It was used to power the Kronborg weapons factory. It then produced weapons until 1870, peaking in the 18th century, when the factory employed 200 men and produced 6000 guns a year.

The mill has two water wheels, one of which drives two pairs of bellows - providing air for the forge - the other driving two hammers, under which the barrels of the guns were forged. The river was first dammed here in the 16th century immediately before the construction of the first mill, providing energy to industrial production until 1976, initially to produce guns then (from 1873 onwards, when the Hellebæk Klædefabrik took it over) clothing. It was only at the end of the 18th century that the ponds system there was fully developed, with 27 dammed pools. 

After the factory closed in 1976, Hammermøllen became a cultural hub for the region and it now houses a museum with a model of Hellebæk in 1823, a blacksmith's shop and an exhibition of weapons. In 1991, the Hellebæk-Aalsgaard Regional History Archive moved to Hammermøllen.

References

External links 
  The Hammermøllen site
  Hammermøllen's history (PDF-format)
  Local history website for Hellebæk - Aalsgaard

Watermills in Denmark
Buildings and structures in Helsingør Municipality
Museums in the Capital Region of Denmark
Coavio DF 2000. The Coavio DF 2000 is a single-engine, high-wing all-metal ultralight aircraft with side-by-side seating for two.  Built in Italy, production began in 2004.

Design and development
The DF 2000 was designed to provide a fast, robust, comfortable, low-cost side-by-side two-seat ultralight with a short take-off run. It has a conventional layout not unlike that of, for example, the Cessna 152, with a high wing, swept vertical tail and tricycle undercarriage.

Structurally, it is mostly built from aluminium alloy, reinforced with TIG-welded 4130 steel tubing in the cockpit area. The wing has constant chord and is braced on each side by a single, broad streamlined strut from the bottom of the fuselage. The shallow, turned-up wing tips are formed from composites. Inboard flaps are fitted. The cockpit area, under the wings and fitted with dual controls, is accessed by upward-hinged doors with deep glazing.  Aft, the fuselage becomes more slender, though the swept fin has a long fillet. The rudder has a trim tab and the low-set, parallel-chord tailplane carries a balanced elevator.  The tricycle undercarriage has main wheels which are cantilever spring-mounted from the lower fuselage and a steerable nose wheel. All wheels are usually spatted.

The DF 2000 family uses several engine/propeller combinations, mostly from the Rotax 912 series of  flat-4s but also the  Jabiru 2200 and  Jabiru 3300 powerplants.

The DF 2000 first flew in about 2001 and went into production three years later.   .

Operational history

54 DF 2000 series aircraft have been built up to 2021.

Variants
Details from the manufacturer.
Spartan Lightest DF 2000, 60 kW (80 hp) Rotax 912 UL engine, 2-blade wooden propeller. Mechanical trim control and flap actuation.
DF 2000 Light (or Base) Standard version, as Spartan but painted and with oil pressure gauge.
DF 2000 Plus 75 kW (100 hp) Rotax 912 ULS engine, composite 3-bladed propeller with ground-adjustable pitch. Electrical elevator trim control and flap actuation, flap hinge fairing, partial cabin ventilation and additional instrumentation.  Wheel spats and landing light.
DF 2000 Top As Plus with a bigger oil cooler, radio and further instrumentation, upholstered seats and cabin panelling. Landing lights, radio and cockpit heater standard.  Two-colour external paintwork.  Flight-adjustable pitch propeller an option.
DA Evolution de Luxe version with either 75 kW (100 hp) Rotax 912 ULS or 64 kW (86 hp) Jabiru 2200 engine. As Top, but with full cabin ventilation, improved seating and electrical aileron trim control.  Improved external lighting. Three colour external paintwork and bigger spinner.

Specifications (DF 2000 Top)

References

2000s Italian sport aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 2001
CRH380. CRH380 refers to a series of high-speed EMUs currently operating in the high-speed rail system of China:
 CRH380A, introduced in 2010 by China South Locomotive & Rolling Stock Corporation Limited.
 CRH380B, produced by Tangshan Railway Vehicle.
 CRH380C, evolution of CRH3
 CRH380D, produced by a joint-venture between Bombardier and CSR Sifang Co Ltd., the 380km/h variant of Bombardier Zefiro.

High-speed trains of China
Henry J. Ramos. Dr. Henry Jacala Ramos (July 15, 1950 - March 11, 2024) is a professor emeritus of Physics at the University of the Philippines Diliman and the first Filipino experimental plasma physicist. He is the founder of the Plasma Physics Laboratory, National Institute of Physics, UP Diliman College of Science.

His work on formation of titanium nitride films received patents from the United States, Philippines, Malaysia, Germany, Sweden, Taiwan, Japan, Singapore and China.

References

External links
National Institute of Physics, Philippines

1950 births
Living people
Filipino physicists
Filipino educators
University of the Philippines alumni
21st-century Filipino scientists
Furness Railway D5 Class. The Furness Railway 1 class 0-6-0 (classified "D5" by Bob Rush) was a class of nineteen 0-6-0 steam locomotives designed by W. F. Pettigrew and built between 1913 and 1920. Four were built by Kitson and Company and 15 by North British Locomotive Company (NBL).
All 19 were assigned London, Midland and Scottish Railway numbers but only six survived long enough to be assigned a British Railways number.

History
The Class D5 0-6-0 was the final development of the Furness Railway six-coupled goods engine. The class utilised the standardised  wheels and  cylinders of which W. F. Pettigrew had become a great proponent. To gain the extra traction, Pettigrew increased the boiler pressure to . from the  of the D3 and  of the D4.

Construction
Initially only four were built but, during World War I, a further fifteen were added, all of which had boilers six inches longer than the first four, making them generally more capable but two tonnes heavier.

Performance
The D5 was the largest and most powerful of the mineral engines on the Furness Railway and like many of the 0-6-0 class locomotives on the Furness Railway it was fitted with vacuum brakes and steam heating. This permitted it to be used on excursions and railtours.

Numbering

Withdrawal

Withdrawals began on 1930 when four, Nos. 12502–03/05–06 were withdrawn. Six survived into BR service, being the only ex-Furness Railway locomotives to survive into BR ownership. The last were withdrawn in 1957 and none of the class were preserved.

References

Standard gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain
D5
0-6-0 locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1913
NBL locomotives
Kitson locomotives
Scrapped locomotives
Freight locomotives
2000 Pingxiang steel plant explosion. The Pingxiang steel plant explosion occurred on August 21, 2000, when an oxygen generator in a steel plant located in Pingxiang, Jiangxi, China, exploded. At least 19 steel workers were killed as a result of the incident.

See also 

 Qinghe Special Steel Corporation disaster
List of industrial disasters

References 

Industrial fires and explosions in China
2000 disasters in China
2000 fires in Asia
Explosions in 2000
2000 industrial disasters
August 2000 in China
Doosan Power Systems. Doosan Power Systems is a holding company in the power generation industry that provides shared IT, communications, legal, financial and other administrative services to its subsidiary companies:
Doosan Babcock is a power sector OEM, construction, upgrade and after-market services company that offers specialist technologies to the fossil-fired power generation, nuclear power generation, and oil, gas and petrochemical industries.
Doosan Lentjes is a specialist engineering, design and construction business that provides proprietary waste-to-energy services and technologies, circulating fluidised bed (CFB) boiler technologies and air quality control systems (AQCS) to the thermal power generation, industrial and municipal sectors.
Doosan Škoda Power is an OEM steam turbine designer and manufacturer that provides systems, components and maintenance services to fossil and nuclear power generation plants, municipal waste-to-energy and biomass incineration plants, and any manufacturing or petrochemicals application that requires turbo generator technology. 
Doosan Power Systems' headquarters are located in Crawley, England. Its parent company is Doosan Heavy Industries and Construction (DHIC) in Korea.

External links
 Doosan Power Systems
 Doosan Skoda Power
 Doosan Lentjes
 Doosan Babcock Energy Polska
 Doosan Babcock Energy Germany
 Doosan Power Systems India

Construction and civil engineering companies established in 2006
British companies established in 2006 
Construction and civil engineering companies of the United Kingdom
Doosan Group subsidiaries
Consona Corporation. Consona Corporation (formerly known as M2M Holdings Inc.) was a software company based in Indianapolis, Indiana. The company primarily sold enterprise software products to automate business tasks.

Company history
Consona was founded in 1986 as Made2Manage Systems. In 2003, the venture capital firm Battery Ventures acquired and subsequently privatized Made2Manage Systems, then a publicly traded enterprise resource planning (ERP) software and services provider for small and midsize manufacturers.

Mergers and acquisitions 
Over the next three years, Consona acquired seven additional ERP product lines: DTR, Cimnet Systems, AXIS, Encompix, Intuitive, Relevant, and SupplyWorks. In 2005, Thoma Cressey, a private equity firm with software industry consolidation expertise, joined Battery as a secondary shareholder of Consona.

In 2006, the company entered the customer relationship management market when it acquired Onyx CRM. Seven months later, Consona acquired the KNOVA service and support knowledge management system and launched the company’s Consona CRM division.

In early 2007, to avoid confusion between the Made2Manage ERP solution and the company, M2M Holdings, the company changed its name to Consona Corporation to represent its new position as a CRM and ERP software and service provider.

In 2008, Consona continued to acquire, adding former technology partner Configuration Solutions in March and creating Consona Canada via the purchase of the Intuitive-related assets of Automated Design Systems in June. Later in the year, Consona acquired several VAR-related assets in China, and launched Consona China.

In 2009, Consona acquired enterprise software assets of support automation software vendor, SupportSoft.

In 2010, Consona acquired open-source ERP software provider Compiere, giving Consona its first Cloud ready ERP solution and entry into the distribution market.

On August 7, 2012, Consona merged with CDC Software; the resulting company was renamed Aptean.

In 2022, Consona acquired Compiere Inc.

References 

Defunct companies based in Indianapolis
Privately held companies based in Indiana
Software companies based in Indiana
ERP software companies
Customer relationship management software companies
Software companies established in 2003
Defunct software companies of the United States