omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Sohini Kar-Narayan. Sohini Kar-Narayan  is a British–Indian materials scientist, professor at the University of Cambridge and the editor-in-chief of the journal APL Electronic Devices, published by the American Institute of Physics. Her research considers polymer based materials for energy harvesting. She was awarded the 2023 Royal Society of Chemistry Peter Day Prize.

Early life and education 
Kar-Narayan was born and raised in Nigeria before moving to India to earn her undergraduate degree at the Presidency University, Kolkata. She was a graduate student at the Indian Institute of Science. After earning her doctorate in 2009, she moved to the University of Cambridge, where she was awarded a Dorothy Hodgkin Fellowship.

Research and career 
Kar-Narayan was made a lecturer at the University of Cambridge in 2015, and then a professor in 2018. Her research considers the development of nanomaterials for sensing, biomedical applications and energy. She was awarded a European Research Council Starting Grant to develop piezoelectric nanogenerators.

In 2022, Kar-Narayan was awarded the Armourers and Brasiers' Venture Prize for ArtioSense, a smart sensor that can help orthopaedic surgeons provide personalised care following surgical implants. Kar-Narayan developed microfluidic force sensors that facilitate soft tissue balance and help to precisely place implants. She created the sensor in partnership with surgeons, recognising that they needed to complement the surgical process without changing the workflow.

Awards and honours 
 2015 World Economic Forum Young Scientist Award 
 2021 Top 50 Influential Women in Engineering
 2022 Armourers and Brasiers' Venture Prize
 2022 Elected Fellow of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining
 2023 Royal Society of Chemistry Peter Day Prize
 2023 European Research Council Consolidator Grant
 2024 AFM and SPM Award, Royal Microscopical Society
 2024 Innovator of the Year, Women Leaders in Electronics awards (Electronics Weekly)
 2024 Elected a fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering

Selected publications

References 

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Presidency University, Kolkata alumni
Indian Institute of Science alumni
Academics of the University of Cambridge
Indian emigrants to the United Kingdom
Women materials scientists and engineers
Indian materials scientists
21st-century British women scientists
21st-century Indian women scientists
British materials scientists
21st-century British scientists
21st-century Indian scientists
Fellows of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
Female fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
Nahqi Tunnel. The Nahqi Tunnel is a two-lane, bi-directional road tunnel with a D-shaped cross-section located in Mohmand District, Pakistan. It was constructed by the Frontier Works Organisation (FWO) and opened by Chief of Army Staff (COAS) Qamar Javed Bajwa. The tunnel is 751 meters long and cost Rs. 2.4 billion ($23 million) to build.

This tunnel is part of a larger project that includes an expressway between Ghallanai, the headquarters of Mohmand District, and Nahakki Yusaf Khel in the first phase of the project. The expressway is expected to reduce travel time between Peshawar, Mohmand District, and Bajaur.

References

Tunnels in Pakistan
Road tunnels in Pakistan
Mohmand District
CRRC Qingdao Sifang CR151. The CRRC Qingdao Sifang CR151 is a type of electric multiple unit to be built for the Cross Island Line of Singapore's Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system. The contract was awarded to CRRC Sifang, a consortium of CRRC Qingdao Sifang Company and Singapore CRRC Sifang Railway Vehicles Service, and as of June 2023 the Land Transport Authority (LTA) has purchased 44 six-car trains. They will be delivered from 2027, before the opening of the line's first phase in 2030.

Tender
The tender for trains under the contract CR151 was closed on 23 September 2022 with four bids. The LTA has shortlisted all of them and the results has been released. The contract includes the option of purchasing up to 11 more trains. The tender results were published on 14 June 2023 on the Singapore government's GeBIZ platform:

Features
Each train car will have 10 doors per car (5 on each side), condition monitoring and diagnostic systems for early detection of potential equipment faults. Some trains will also be equipped with an Automated Track Inspection system to monitor the condition of the running rail and OCR in real time. Between train cars, the gangway width is at . Unlike most of the MRT lines in Singapore, these trains will draw power from a 1,500 V DC overhead conductor rail.

Train formation
The coupling configuration of a CR151 in revenue service is DT–Mp–Mi+Mi–Mp–DT.

References

Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore) rolling stock
CRRC multiple units
CRRC Qingdao Sifang
Molybdenum difluoride dioxide. Molybdenum difluoride dioxide is the inorganic compound with the formula MoF2O2.  It is a white, diamagnetic, volatile solid.

Structure

Gaseous molybdenum difluoride dioxide is a tetrahedral molecule.  According to X-ray crystallography, the solid is a coordination polymer consisting of trigonal primatic chains of made by linking  monomers.  The fluoride and oxide positions are disordered.  A similar motif is adopted by titanium tetrafluoride.

Synthesis and reactions
The compound can be obtained by thermal decomposition of the dioxotetrafluoride, which in turn is obtained from sodium molybdate:

Heating sodium dioxotetrafluoride to 400 °C gives monomeric difluoride dioxide, which polymerizes upon condensation:

The compound also arises by hydrolysis of molybdenum oxytetrafluoride:

The compound dissolves in dimethylformamide to give a bis(adduct):

Further reading

References

Metal halides
Molybdenum(VI) compounds
Oxyfluorides
BQM. BQM or Bqm can refer to:

 Kpwe language, spoken in Cameroon
 Duripan, a type of very hard soil often denoted as Bqm
 Bin Qasim railway station, a train station in Karachi, Pakistan
 Binary-quadratic-maximization, an optimization problem that can be used to perform L1-norm principal component analysis in statistics

See also 

 Several types of military unmanned aerial vehicles:
 BQM-108
 BQM-108A
 BQM-108 VATOL
 BQM-145 Peregrine
 BQM-147 Dragon
 BQM-147 Exdrone
 BQM-155 Hunter
 BQM-167A
 BQM-167 Skeeter
 BQM-34
 BQM-34A Firebee
 BQM-34 Firebee
 BQM-74
 BQM-74E Chukar
 BQM-74 Chukar
 BQM-90
 BM5 (New York City bus), a bus formerly called "BQM1"
 BQMS (disambiguation)
Albert I (monkey). Albert I was a rhesus macaque monkey and the first mammal launched on a rocket (V-2 Rocket "Blossom No. 3") on June 18, 1948. The launch was staged at White Sands Proving Ground, Las Cruces, New Mexico. Albert I, a nine-pound monkey, was anesthetized and placed inside the rocket's crew capsule in the nose of the V-2 rocket. The flight did not reach outer space.

Background 
The Hermes program, beginning in 1944, had the stated objective of testing missiles, in particular reverse-engineering the German V-2 rocket. It was based out of White Sands in New Mexico and had launched 37 V-2 rockets prior to the launch of Albert I, 8 of which carried biological payloads consisting of seeds and/or fruit flies. Albert was the first mammal launched on a rocket by the United States, and would have been the first mammal in space if his flight were successful.

Launch 
The rocket, designated "missile number 37", launched at 03:22 on June 18, 1948. The systems intended to record Albert's respiratory functions had failed prior to launch, and there were indications that Albert had died due to the cramped nature of the capsule before the rocket had left the ground. The turbine had burnt out prematurely at 57.5 seconds, causing the rocket to fall short of the Kármán line, reaching an altitude of 39 miles (62 km). Post-flight investigations concluded that the likely cause of failure was an electrical fault causing the alcohol fuel supply to shut early. The parachute also failed to deploy, meaning that if Albert had survived the capsule conditions, he would have died on impact anyway.

Results 
The flight recorder had been recovered after the flight and indicated a complete lack of physiological activity, indicating that either Albert had died before the launch or that the entire biomonitoring system had failed. This meant that the launch had produced no useful data regarding the functioning of biological life in space, and was therefore deemed a failure.

The outcomes of the Albert I launch were used to prepare for the launch of Albert II on June 14, 1949, which successfully reached space on a suborbital flight. However, Albert II also died, due to a parachute failure, but the recorder indicated that he had survived the flight until that point.

See also 
 Monkeys and apes in space
 Animals in space
 Laika, a Russian space dog, the first animal to orbit the Earth (November 3, 1957)
 Ham, a chimpanzee, the first great ape in space (January 31, 1961)
 Enos, the first chimpanzee and third primate to orbit the Earth (November 29, 1961)
 List of individual monkeys

References 

Individual monkeys
Non-human primate astronauts of the American space program
Colin Leonard. Colin Leonard is an American recording and mastering engineer. He has won a Grammy Award from 13 nominations.

Leonard won a Pensado Award for Master of Mastering in 2017, and placed number two on Jaxsta's "Top Mastering Engineers of 2022 - The world's 50 Most Successful Mastering Engineers of 2022", citing his work for Beyoncé, Cardi B, Wizkid, Charlie Puth, and Lil Uzi Vert.

Career
Leonard took piano lessons as a child and began playing the drums at the age of 12. In his early 20s, he began performing in bands and producing instrumentals for hip hop artists. He studied classical guitar at the University of the Pacific, and attended Full Sail University, studying recording arts, from which he graduated in 1997. Leonard then moved to Atlanta with an entourage of band members from his jazz/fusion band, for whom he began mixing audio.

Leonard is the owner of the Atlanta-based studio SING Mastering, and is the creator of Aria Mastering, the automatic analog mastering service with a robotic arm.

He has mastered music for Justin Bieber, Lil Baby, Jack Harlow, Lil Wayne, Beck, Gucci Mane, and Future, among others. He has been nominated for 13 Grammy Awards, winning one, and 10 Latin Grammy Awards

Grammy Awards

Latin Grammy Awards
{|class="wikitable sortable"
!Year
!Nominated work
!Artist
!Category
!Role
!Award
!Result
|-
| 2022 || Aire (Versión Dia) || Jesse & Joy||Best Engineered Album || Mastering engineer||Latin Grammy Award|| 
|-
| 2022 || Ojitos Lindos  || Bad Bunny and Bomba Estéreo|| Record of the Year ||Mastering engineer||Latin Grammy Award|| 
|-
| 2022 || Un Verano Sin Ti || Bad Bunny|| Record of the Year||Mastering engineer ||Latin Grammy Award|| 
|-
| 2022 || Envolver || Anitta||Record of the Year || Mastering engineer||Latin Grammy Award|| 
|-
| 2021 || El Último Tour Del Mundo || Bad Bunny||Album of the Year || Mastering engineer||Latin Grammy Award|| 
|-
| 2020 || Oasis || Bad Bunny and J Balvin||Album of the Year || Mastering engineer||Latin Grammy Award|| 
|-
| 2020 || Vete || Bad Bunny|| Record of the Year ||Mastering engineer|| Latin Grammy Award|| 
|-
| 2020 || Colores || J Balvin|| Album of the Year||Mastering engineer ||Latin Grammy Award|| 
|-
| 2020 || YHLQMDLG|| Bad Bunny||Album of the Year ||Mastering engineer|| Latin Grammy Award||

Selected discography

References

External links
 

Mastering engineers
American male musicians
American record producers
American male guitarists
American inventors
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Agnieszka Kończykowska. Agnieszka D. Kończykowska is a Polish electronics engineer specializing in the design of electronic circuits, especially for applications in telecommunications.

Education and career
Kończykowska was a student at the Warsaw University of Technology, where she earned a master's degree in applied mathematics in 1971 and completed a Ph.D. in electrical engineering in 1977. From 1977 to 1981 she was a researcher on analog circuit design at the university.

In 1981 she moved to France, becoming a researcher on semiconductor devices at France Telecom. She moved to Alcatel in 1999, working there on the design of high speed analog and digital circuits including switched capacitors and microwave engineering. She moved to the III-V Lab in Paris in 2005, where since 2019 she has headed the department of microelectronic design.

She was president of the European Circuit Society from 1995 to 1999.

Recognition
Kończykowska was elected as an IEEE Fellow, in the 2017 class of fellows, "for contributions to development of very high-speed circuits".

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Polish electrical engineers
Polish women engineers
Women electrical engineers
Fellows of the IEEE
20th-century Polish engineers
21st-century Polish engineers
21st-century Polish women engineers
20th-century Polish women engineers
Radium azide. Radium azide is an inorganic compound of radium and nitrogen with the chemical formula .

Synthesis
Radium azide can be prepared by dissolving radium carbonate in aqueous hydrazoic acid and evaporating the resulting solution.

Physical properties
Radium azide forms white crystalline solid.

Chemical properties
The compound decomposes when heated to 180–250 °C:

References

Azides
Radium compounds
Muon Space. Muon Space is an American aerospace startup located in Silicon Valley, California. The company was founded in 2021 with the goal of building a climate-monitoring satellite constellation. By July 2023, the company had raised approximately $35 million in total funding to allow them to develop the technology to do so.

The company launched the first satellite of its constellation, dubbed MuSat-1, on June 12, 2023, on SpaceX's Transporter-8 rideshare mission aboard a Falcon 9 rocket from Vandenberg Space Force Base. This first satellite weighs 70 kg and will demonstrate the technology developed by Muon for the other satellites in its constellation. In 2024, Muon Space is expecting to launch two more satellites, MuSat-2 and MuSat-3.

Muon Space also has a program called Muon Halo, that is a service provided to customers who do not have the expertise to develop spacecraft, handle data processing and manage ground networks. The first payloads to be sent to space under that program are expected to be launched in 2025 and 2026. Muon Space received $60 million from paying customers to develop the systems required for these payloads.

External links 

 Official website

References 

Aerospace companies of the United States
Rubidium pertechnetate. Rubidium pertechnetate is a pertechnetate of rubidium, with the chemical formula RbTcO4.

Preparation 
Rubidium pertechnetate can be prepared by reacting rubidium carbonate with ammonium pertechnetate:

Properties 
Rubidium pertechnetate crystallizes in the tetragonal crystal system, with space group I41/a, and lattice parameters a = 576.2 pm and c = 1354.3 pm. In its structure, the Tc–O bond length is 172.3 pm, O–Tc–O bond angle is 108.34°.

References 

Rubidium compounds
Pertechnetates
Tetragonal crystals
Miqin Zhang. Miqin Zhang is an American materials scientist who is the Kyocera Professor of Materials Science at the University of Washington. Her research considers the development of new biomaterials for medical applications. Her group develops nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis and imaging, biocompatible materials for drug delivery and cell-based biosensors.

Early life and education 
Zhang earned her doctorate at the University of California, Berkeley. Her doctoral research considered bioengineering of silicon surfaces for controlled protein adsorption.

Research and career 
In 1999, Zhang joined the faculty at the University of Washington, where she was made professor in 2008. She has developed new biomaterials for the diagnosis and detection of disease. Her research focused on three activities; the development of nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis and treatment, the realization of materials to serve as biodegradable scaffolds and the development of cellular biosensors for detecting chemical agents.

Zhang developed novel synthesis strategies for the creation of functionalized nanoparticles. Nanovectors are nanoparticle cores that are surrounded by an agent that targets cells with specific functionality. Zhang designed a nanovector that can target glioma, a form of brain cancer. The Zhang nanovector was based on a superparamagnetic iron oxide core, a polyethylene glycol coating, a chlorotoxin targeting agent and a fluorescent dye. The cyanine-based dye emits infrared light, which can penetrate brain tissue. Her nanoparticles could be traced using both MRI and fluorescence microscopy.

Zhang has also developed nanofibrous matrices from polymeric materials to use in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. She has also developed hydrogels that can be used for drug delivery.

To detect and identify biological agents, Zhang has developed surface modification techniques to pattern proteins and live cells. She makes use of receptor mediated cell adhesion, a technique which involves immobilizing proteins on electrodes which can be patterned.

Selected publications

References 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American materials scientists
Women materials scientists and engineers
21st-century American scientists
21st-century American women scientists
University of California, Berkeley alumni
University of Washington faculty
20th-century American scientists
20th-century American women scientists
2023 MOVEit data breach. A wave of cyberattacks and data breaches began in June 2023 after a vulnerability was discovered in MOVEit, a managed file transfer software.  Thousands of organisations and almost 100 million individuals were affected.

Background
MOVEit is a managed file transfer software developed by Ipswitch, Inc., a subsidiary of Progress Software. A vulnerability in the software allows attackers to steal files from organizations through SQL injection on public-facing servers. The transfers are facilitated through a custom web shell identified as LemurLoot. Disguised as ASP.NET files used legitimately by MOVEit, LemurLoot can steal Microsoft Azure Storage Blob information.

Timeline
According to cybersecurity firm Mandiant, the MOVEit vulnerability began being used on May 27, 2023.

On May 31 Progress Software released a patch for the vulnerability and stated the vulnerability “could lead to escalated privileges and potential unauthorized access to the environment”.

On June 3, the Government of Nova Scotia estimated that as many as 100,000 present and past employees were impacted by the breach.

On June 5, various organizations in the United Kingdom, including the BBC, British Airways, Boots, Aer Lingus, and payroll service Zellis were breached.

On June 6,  Cl0p claimed responsibility for the attack on its site on the dark web. Cl0p claimed that the data stole from governments had been deleted (this was later disproved).

On June 12, Ernst & Young, Transport for London, and Ofcom separately announced that they had been affected, with Ofcom announcing that personal and confidential information was downloaded.

On June 15, CNN reported that the United States Department of Energy was among multiple United States government organizations affected by the MOVEit vulnerability. The following day, it was reported that the Louisiana Office of Motor Vehicles and Oregon Driver and Motor Vehicle Services were hit, affecting millions of residents.

Responsibility
According to the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency and the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the breaches are being conducted by Cl0p, a Russian-affiliated cyber gang.

Impact
A running total maintained by cybersecurity company Emsisoft showed that more than 2,500 organizations were known to have been impacted as at October 25, 2023 with more than 80 percent of those organizations being US-based.

Response
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), CrowdStrike, Mandiant, Microsoft,  Huntress and Rapid7 have assisted with incident response and ongoing investigations. Cyber industry experts have credited the MOVEit team for its response and handling of the incident by quickly providing patches In general, patches for the flaw where rapidly used.

References

2023 in computing
Progress Software
Computer security exploits
Cyberattacks
Data breaches
Hacking in the 2020s
Software bugs
Inflection AI. Inflection AI, Inc. is an American technology company which has developed machine learning and generative artificial intelligence hardware and apps, founded in 2022. The company is structured as a public benefit corporation and is headquartered in Palo Alto, California.

History 
The company was founded by entrepreneurs Reid Hoffman, Mustafa Suleyman and Karén Simonyan in 2022. The company has collaborated with Nvidia to develop hardware for generative artificial intelligence. 

In June 2023, the company raised US$1.3 billion at $4 billion valuation.

In March 2024, Suleyman and Simonyan announced their departure from the company in order to start Microsoft AI, with Microsoft acqui-hiring nearly the entirety of its 70-person workforce. As part of the deal, Microsoft paid Inflection $650 million to license its technology. The proceeds were used to reimburse Inflection AI's investors. UK's Competition and Markets Authority launched a preliminary probe into the deal to examine the impact on competition and whether the agreement constituted a merger. The regulator concluded that the deal amounted to a "merger situation," but did not pose a threat to competition due to Inflection's small share in the UK consumer market.

Products 
The first product released widely by Inflection AI is a chatbot, Pi, named for “personal intelligence,” that is intended to function as an artificial intelligence-based personal assistant. Among the user experience goals that the company has stated for the Pi product are: providing an experience of emotional support for human users, in which the chatbot should be able to maintain an interactive text or voice-based dialogue with a human user that includes elements of kindness, a diplomatic tone about sensitive topics, and humor. Comparisons and contrasts have been made between the Pi chatbot and ChatGPT, a chatbot created by OpenAI.

References 

2022 establishments in California
Artificial intelligence companies
Companies based in Palo Alto, California
Public benefit corporations based in California