omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
LUARM. LUARM (Logging User Actions in Relational Mode) is an Open Source experimental live digital forensics engine that produces audit data that facilitate insider threat specification as well as user action computer forensic functionality for the Linux operating system. It is designed to log in detail user activities into a simple Relational Database Management  System (RDBMS) schema. MySQL is used for the relational backend although the schema could be easily converted to PostgreSQL and other popular relational databases. LUARM is written in Perl and provides a near real-time snapshot of file access, process/program execution and network endpoint user activities organized in well-defined relational table formats. The purposes are:

 To assist system administrators and data security officers in the process of detecting and preventing external and internal threats to Linux based devices.

 To provide a well defined easy-to-parse audit record structure, as well as scalable and reliable storage for the logged data.

 Since the logged data are stored away from the monitored linux devices, LUARM can act as a valuable complement to existing data forensic investigation tools. This is because it is immune to the “observer effect” and the dangers of “static” forensic analysis: dynamic information about file, network and process activity is not lost and examining/logging data does not affect the source media state).

LUARM is being developed by Georgios Magklaras at Steelcyber Scientific, an IT consultancy specializing in information security and scientific computing. It is part of a wider Insider Misuse research effort targeting insider misuse threat specification.

References

Linux software
Strontium phosphide. Strontium phosphide is an inorganic compound of strontium  and phosphorus with the chemical formula . The compound looks like black crystalline material.

Synthesis
Heating strontium phosphate with soot in an arc furnace:

Reaction of strontium with red phosphorus at high temperature:

Physical properties
Strontium phosphide forms black crystals.

Thermally stable, melts at high temperatures.

Dangerous when wet, poison.

Chemical properties
Decomposes with water releasing phosphine:

Reacts with acids:

Uses
It is a highly reactive substance used as a reagent and in the manufacture of chemically reactive devices.

References

Phosphides
Strontium compounds
Mars Black (pigment). Mars Black is an iron oxide pigment developed in the 20th century. Also known under the names of black iron oxide, magnetic oxide, Pigment Black 11, and ferrous ferric oxide (Fe3O4), it has no known health hazards and is considered non-toxic, with an ASTM lightfastness rating of I. It is more opaque and less toxic than other black pigments. Artists' paint manufacturers have rated it one of the most satisfactory black pigments for acrylic paints with regard to opacity, lightfastness, and permanence. It takes its name from Mars, the god of war and patron of iron.

See also
 List of inorganic pigments

References

External links 
 Mayer, Ralph. The Artist's Handbook of Materials and Techniques. Viking Adult; 5th revised and updated edition, 1991. .

Shades of gray
Mars black
Iron oxide pigments
Jayant Haritsa. Jayant R. Haritsa is an Indian computer scientist and professor. He is on the faculty of the CDS and CSA departments at Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India. He works on the design and analysis of Database Systems. In 2009 he won the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize sponsored by CSIR, India. In 2014 he won the Infosys Prize for Engineering.

Early life
He did his SSLC from Vijaya High School, Jayanagar, Bangalore and Pre-University in Science, from National College (Basavanagudi), Bangalore. He did his B.Tech (Electronics) from Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras and MS and PhD (Computer Science), Computer Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison.

Career 
He became a Research Fellow in Institute for Systems Research, University of Maryland (College Park). He later became the chairman of CSA department at Indian Institute of Science.

Professional activities
 Program Co-Chair, 42nd Intl. Conf. on Very Large Data Bases, VLDB 2016, New Delhi, India
 Program Co-Chair, 26th Intl. Conf. on Data Engineering, ICDE 2010, Los Angeles, USA
 Tutorial Co-Chair, 19th Intl. World Wide Web Conference, WWW 2010, Raleigh, USA
 Editorial Board, IEEE Trans. on Knowledge and Data Engineering (TKDE), IEEE
 Editorial Board, Intl. Journal on Very Large Data Bases (VLDBJ), Springer
 Editorial Board, Intl. Journal of Distributed and Parallel Databases(JDPD), Springer
 Editorial Board, Intl. Journal of Real-Time Systems (JRTS), Springer

Honors
 Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery, 2015
 Fellow, IEEE, 2013 
 Distinguished Alumnus, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras, India, 2012
 Fellow, Indian National Academy of Engineering (INAE), India, 2010
 Fellow, The National Academy of Sciences (NASI), India, 2006
 Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize, CSIR, 2009

References

External links
Home Page

Living people
Academic staff of the Indian Institute of Science
Recipients of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology
2015 fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
Fellows of the IEEE
Database researchers
Indian computer scientists
IIT Madras alumni
Scientists from Bengaluru
Fellows of the Indian National Academy of Engineering
Year of birth missing (living people)
Recipients of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award in Engineering Science
Murphy Wall. Murphy Wall () is a series of north–south trending peaks, the highest 905 m, resembling a wall along the west side of Grace Glacier on the north side of South Georgia. Surveyed by the South Georgia Survey in the period 1951–57, and named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Robert Cushman Murphy, American ornithologist who made observations and collections in the Bay of Isles in 1912-13 for the American Museum of Natural History, New York City.

Mountains and hills of South Georgia
Magnetic ring spinning. Magnetic ring spinning, magnetic spinning, or innovative spinning is a ring spinning technology for making yarn based on magnetic levitation. This technique functions without a traveler sliding over the ring, enabling much higher spinning rates.

Description 
Ring spinning stands alone as the standard of high-quality yarn suitable for any type of textile end product. The main technological limitation of ring spinning lies with the metal/metal contact between the traveler and ring. This contact creates frictional heat and rapid wear, resulting in limitations on production speed, a drop in yarn quality with time.

Magnetic ring spinning design approach is a patented technology  that aims to eliminate the traveler from the ring spinning system and replace it with a magnetically suspended disc that rotates in magnetic field. This new spinning concept, expounded in a 2005 dissertation at Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, was developed to take advantage of the quality features produced by ring spinning and adding to it the much higher spinning speeds by avoiding the traditional limitations of the traditional system.

Magnetic spinning system mainly consists of a lightweight rotor magnetically suspended  inside a fixed stator (Figure 1). The rotor can spin freely inside the stator. The stator is equipped with electromagnets that always keep the rotor in its central position. The rotor in this configuration replaces the ring and traveller in the traditional spinning system.

See also
 Cotton mill
 Cotton-spinning machinery
 DREF friction spinning
 Magnetic levitation
 Open-end spinning
 Spinning
 Spinning wheel
 Textile manufacturing

References

External links
 Design for a Magnetic Levitation System
 Patent Scope
 Fresh Patents

Spinning
Textile machinery
PTC Creo Elements/Direct Drafting. Creo Elements/Direct Drafting now owned by PTC, and formerly called ME10 is a CAD software application exclusively for 2D drawings, especially in mechanical engineering and electrical engineering.

The program was first developed by Hewlett Packard in Germany. HP released the first version 1986. Hewlett Packard MDD (Mechanical Design Division) continued the ME10 development.  The first product designed using ME10 was the original HP DeskJet printer at the HP Vancouver Division.

Creo Elements/Direct Drafting was originally developed for the Hewlett-Packard 98xx workstation family (also referred to as the Series 200) on their proprietary Pascal based operating system / development environment, followed by a move a few years later to the operating system HP-UX. With the success of Microsoft Windows, a version was offered for this operating system. Some versions have also been developed for Linux. Today, MS-Windows is the standard platform for Creo Elements/Direct Drafting.

In 2010 the product was renamed to Creo Elements/Direct Drafting (as opposed to 3D product Creo Elements/Direct Modeling). Creo Elements/Direct Drafting is one of the most common 2D CAD programs for mechanical engineering in Germany, behind the leader AutoCAD.

References

External links
 Parametric Technology Corporation website
 Creo Elements/Direct Modeling Personal Edition (free 3D CAD)

Computer-aided design software
Computer-aided design software for Windows
Gajski–Kuhn chart. The Gajski–Kuhn chart (or Y diagram) depicts the different perspectives in VLSI hardware design.  Mostly, it is used for the development of integrated circuits. Daniel Gajski and Robert Kuhn developed it in 1983. In 1985, Robert Walker and Donald Thomas refined it.

According to this model, the development of hardware is perceived within three domains that are depicted as three axis and produce a Y. Along these axis, the abstraction levels that describe the degree of abstraction. The outer shells are generalisations, the inner ones refinements of the same subject.

The issue in hardware development is most often a top-down design problem. This is perceived by the three domains of behaviour, structure, and the layout that goes top-down to more detailed abstraction levels. The designer can select one of the perspectives and then switch from one view to another. Generally, the design process is not following a specific sequence in this diagram.

 On the system level, basic properties of an electronic system are determined. For the behavioural description, block diagrams are used by making abstractions of signals and their time response. Blocks used in the structure domain are CPUs, memory chip, etc.
 The algorithmic level is defined by the definition of concurrent algorithms (signals, loops, variables, assignments). In the structural domain, blocks like ALUs are in use.
 The register-transfer level (RTL) is a more detailed abstraction level on which the behaviour between communicating registers and logic units is described. Here, data structures and data flows are defined. In the geometric view, the design step of the floorplan is located.
 The logical level is described in the behaviour perspective by boolean equations. In the structural view, this is displayed with gates and flip-flops. In the geometric domain, the logical level is described by standard cells.
 The behaviour of the circuit level is described by mathematics using differential equations or logical equations. This corresponds to transistors and capacitors up to crystal lattices.

References

External links 
 Gajski–Kuhn chart

Computer engineering
Electronic design automation
Diagrams
Orientational glass. In solid-state physics, an orientational glass is a molecular solid in which crystalline long-range order coexists with quenched disorder in some rotational degree of freedom.

An orientational glass is either obtained by quenching a plastic crystal, (e.g. cyclohexane, levoglucosan), or it is a mixed crystal in which positional disorder causes additional disorder of molecular orientations, e.g. CN orientations in KCN:KBr.

References 

Condensed matter physics
Crystallography
Çukurova (construction firm). Çukurova is an international construction company based in Istanbul, Turkey, and active in Afghanistan, Libya, Bahrain and other countries. The company trades under the registered name of Çukurova İnşaat (English: Çukurova Construction).

The company's main activities involve drainage systems, highways, and other infrastructure. Approved by NATO they have been involved in a number of reconstruction projects in war-torn Afghanistan including the Sar-e-Haus Dam and the Kabul-Kandahar highway.

References

External links 
 Company website

Construction and civil engineering companies of Turkey
Companies based in Istanbul
Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1975
Turkish companies established in 1975
Chris Huggett. Chris Huggett (1949 - 22 October 2020) was a British  engineer and designer who co-founded Electronic Dream Plant (EDP), founded Oxford Synthesiser Company and who was also a design consultant for Novation Digital Music Systems, Paul Whittington Group Ltd, and other manufacturers of audio technology.

Electronic Dream Plant 

In 1977, Huggett had been working for Ferrograph, for 3M in their digital multi-track division, and as a freelance studio maintenance engineer. He met up with synthesist Adrian Wagner (a descendant of the German composer Richard Wagner), who had ideas for an inexpensive synthesiser. Electronic Dream Plant (commonly abbreviated to EDP), a British sound synthesiser manufacturing firm in Oxfordshire was formed.

Huggett designed EDP's most successful product, the Wasp, a synthesiser with a hybrid digital VCO / analog VCF design. Employing a unique contact keyboard (with no moving parts), the Wasp was priced at £199 (about  GBP today), which was less than half the price of any comparable synth at the time.

Huggett later designed the Spider sequencer and the Gnat synthesiser before EDP's demise in the end of 1981 or 1982.

Oxford Synthesiser Company 

After EDP, Huggett went on to form Oxford Synthesiser Company (OSC) with financing and management from his parents. He designed the OSC OSCar with Paul Wiffen and Anthony Harris-Griffin. The OSCar was intended to be an affordable yet sophisticated performance synthesiser with state-of-the-art sounds. The OSCar was a more substantial synthesiser than the Wasp, with two digital oscillators and a full-size three-octave keyboard. The OSCar was also one of the first digitally programmable synthesisers, and included both an arpeggiator and a step sequencer.

Akai 

Huggett later moved on to Akai, where he wrote the operating system for the Akai S1000 sampler alongside David Cockerell, who designed the hardware. Huggett remained at Akai for successive models of Akai's rackmount sampler line, including the S3200, whose operating system he completed in 1993.

Novation Digital Music Systems 

While working for Akai, Huggett provided advice and support to Novation's founders, working on the development of the BassStation, which used similar Oscillators and filters as the Wasp. He later joined Novation full time to design the Novation Supernova.
Huggett's involvement with Novation had continued through many of their hardware synths and MIDI controllers ever since, including the Nova family of synths, the Bass Station II, the Peak and Summit synths, and the ReMOTE & ReMOTE SL series of controllers.

Death
Huggett died on 22 October 2020, of cancer.

See also
 Electronic Dream Plant
 AKAI professional
 Novation Digital Music Systems

References 

Bibliography

Citations

External links

 
 Biography on Novation's website

2020 deaths
Inventors of musical instruments
Place of birth missing
Place of death missing
British electronics engineers
Deaths from cancer in the United Kingdom
20th-century British engineers
1949 births
Van Laar equation. The Van Laar equation is a thermodynamic activity model, which was developed by Johannes van Laar in 1910-1913, to describe phase equilibria of liquid mixtures. The equation was derived from the Van der Waals equation. The original van der Waals parameters didn't give good description of vapor-liquid equilibria of phases, which forced the user to fit the parameters to experimental results. Because of this, the model lost the connection to  molecular properties, and therefore it has to be regarded as an empirical model to correlate experimental results.

Equations
Van Laar  derived the excess enthalpy from the van der Waals equation:

In here  ai and bi are the van der Waals parameters for attraction and excluded volume of component i. He used the conventional quadratic mixing rule for the energy parameter a and the linear mixing rule for the size parameter b. 
Since these parameters didn't lead to good phase equilibrium description the model was reduced to the form:

In here A12 and A21 are the van Laar coefficients, which are obtained by regression of experimental vapor–liquid equilibrium data.

The activity coefficient of component i is derived by differentiation to  xi. This yields:

This shows that the van Laar coefficients A12 and A21 are equal to logarithmic limiting activity coefficients   and  respectively. The model gives increasing (A12 and A21 >0) or only decreasing  (A12 and A21 <0) activity coefficients with decreasing concentration. The model can not describe extrema in the activity coefficient along the concentration range.

In case , which implies that the molecules are of equal size but different in polarity, then the equations become:

In this case the activity coefficients mirror at x1=0.5. When A=0, the activity coefficients are unity, thus describing an ideal mixture.

Recommended values 
An extensive range of recommended values for the Van Laar coefficients can be found in the literature. Selected values are provided in the table below.

References

Thermodynamic equations
David W. Jourdan. David Walter Jourdan (born December 5, 1954) is an author, founder of Meridian Sciences, and the co-founder and president of Nauticos, a deep ocean exploration company.  He studied physics and engineering at the U.S. Naval Academy and Johns Hopkins University, and served as a U.S. Navy submarine officer during the Cold War.  Jourdan and his Nauticos team have made a number of notable deep ocean discoveries, including the missing Israeli submarine INS Dakar in the Mediterranean and the Japanese aircraft carrier Kaga, sunk in the Battle of Midway. He has led two deep ocean expeditions in search of Amelia Earhart and Fred Noonan’s Lockheed Electra airplane in the ocean off Howland Island, the atoll Earhart and Noonan were attempting to find when they vanished. He has published several books, Never Forgotten: the Search and Discovery of Israel's Lost Submarine Dakar; The Deep Sea Quest for Amelia Earhart.; and The Search for the Japanese Fleet: USS Nautilus and the Battle of Midway.

He refutes the theory that Earhart and Noonan landed on Gardner Island (now called Nikumaroro) in the Phoenix Island Group, claiming that any transmissions attributed to Gardner Island were false. Through his company Nauticos he extensively searched a  quadrant north and west of Howland Island during two deep-sea sonar expeditions (2002 and 2006, total cost $4.5 million) and found nothing. The search locations were derived from the line of position (157–337) broadcast by Earhart on July 2, 1937. Nevertheless, Elgen Long's interpretations have led Jourdan to conclude, "The analysis of all the data we have – the fuel analysis, the radio calls, other things – tells me she went into the water off Howland."

In 2024, Jourdan said in response to Deep Sea Vision finding what appeared to be the remains of an aircraft that might be the Electra on the ocean floor near Howland, "It is impossible to identify anything from a sonar image alone as sound can be tricky and the artifact could be damaged in unpredictable ways altering its shape. For that reason, you can never say that something is (or isn’t) from a sonar image alone."

See also 
Elgen Long

References

External links 
http://www.earhartdiscovery.com/
http://www.nauticos.com/
http://dakarneverforgotten.com/

Living people
1954 births
Bridging Systems Interface. Bridging Systems Interface is a standard protocol for communicating with physical interfaces which attach analog or digital voice radios to digital data networks—known as 'Radio over IP'--to make easier the use of remote radios by local users, and the sharing of radios by multiple users, in the service of improving emergency communications interoperability.  The standard is promulgated by the SAFECOM program in the US Department of Homeland Security's Office for Interoperability and Compatibility, specifically, the VoIP Working Group .

Technical Details 

The working group has broken down the problem of moving public safety communications audio over data (usually TCP/IP) networks into 5 specific interface points:

 Radio System Interface – an interface that enables VoIP communication to radio system infrastructure
 Dispatch Interface – an interface to a dispatch console
 End Unit (Software Device) Interface – an interface that allows a network-connected computing device to connect into a radio system using a software implementation
 Radio Site Interface – an interface to a base station or similar device
 Bridging Systems Enhanced Interface – additional functions of the BSI Core Profile, an interface between bridging or gateway devices

To quote the working group's pseudo-RFC standards proposal :

A bridging system is a device that enables voice communication among disparate radio frequencies, systems, or technologies. The disparate devices connected via a bridging device may include land mobile radios, analog phones, mobile phones, IP telephones, and personal computers; however, this is not an exhaustive list of connective devices. The interface through which bridging systems communicate with each other is the Bridging Systems Interface (BSI).

This interface is based on SIP, the Session Initiation Protocol, and the document provides standardized mappings between that protocol and the actual functions that are provided by individual radio hardware, whatever those might be.

Internet protocols
Public safety communications
Radio communications
Interoperable communications