omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Edward Hefford. Engineer Rear-Admiral Edward Owen Hefford  (1871 – 7 August 1955) was a Royal Navy officer.

Hefford grew up in Dewsbury and Huddersfield. He was educated at Batley Grammar School and then went to the Royal Naval Engineering College at Keyham, Plymouth, in 1886. Becoming a probationary assistant engineer after his training, he was confirmed in the rank of assistant engineer on 12 October 1892. He was promoted to engineer on 7 August 1896, later becoming an engineer lieutenant when engineering officer ranks were standardised with those of line officers. He was promoted to engineer commander on 1 June 1908, appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 1919 New Year Honours for his service in the First World War, and promoted to engineer captain on 13 December 1919. From 1921 to 1923 he was chief engineer of the Royal Navy base and president of the Allied Dockyard Commission in Constantinople and from 1924 to 1925 he was engineer overseer for the Royal Navy's London District. He was promoted to engineer rear-admiral on 15 July 1925 and retired the following day.

Hefford was also a keen cyclist and a prominent member of the Cyclists' Touring Club. He was chairman of the council in 1947 and a vice-president in 1953. He married Mary Catherine Taylor in 1902; they had two daughters. Mary died in March 1955 and Hefford himself died in a nursing home in Paignton, Devon, on 7 August 1955.

Footnotes

1871 births
1955 deaths
People from Dewsbury
People from Huddersfield
Royal Navy rear admirals
People educated at Batley Grammar School
Royal Navy officers of World War I
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
English male cyclists
English cyclists
Engineers from Yorkshire
Para-Ski Top Gun. The Para-Ski Top Gun is a Canadian powered parachute that was designed and produced by Para-Ski of Mascouche, Quebec. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft and also as a kit for amateur construction.

The Top Gun was introduced in 2003 and production ended when the company went out of business in about 2011.

Design and development
The Top Gun was designed to comply with the Canadian Basic Ultralight Aeroplane category, as well as the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category. In kit form the aircraft was designed to comply with the Canadian Amateur-built Aircraft rules as well as the US Experimental - Amateur-built aircraft rules. It features a  parachute-style wing, two-seats-in-tandem accommodation, four-wheeled landing gear and a single  Rotax 582 engine in pusher configuration. The  Hirth 3203, the  Hirth F-30 or  Hirth F-30ES engines were factory options. Parachute options included square or elliptical canopies of . Landing gear options include skis and floats.

The aircraft carriage is built from welded aluminium tubing and has a "sledge-like" cockpit fairing incorporating dual square headlights. In flight steering is accomplished via handle bars that actuate the canopy brakes, creating roll and yaw. On the ground the aircraft has front wheel steering. The aircraft uses a large rudder to offset the engine torque effects. The landing gear incorporates independent shock and spring suspension.

The aircraft has an empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload for crew and baggage is .

Operational history
In July 2015 three examples were registered with the Transport Canada.

Variants
Top Gun
Base model
Top Gun Discovery
Model including some options as standard

Specifications (Top Gun Discovery)

References

External links
Aircraft website archives on Archive.org
Photo of a Top Gun landing

Top Gun
2000s Canadian sport aircraft
2000s Canadian ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Powered parachutes
De Marçay 2. The de Marçay 2 C1 was a prototype single-seat biplane fighter designed in France and first flown in 1919.  It did not go into production.

Design and development

The de Marçay 2 was designed at the end of World War I and flew early in 1919. It was a single-bay sesquiplane with low-aspect ratio, rectangular-plan wings mounted with stagger. On each side a parallel pair of forward-leaning interplane struts defined the bays, with another, outward-leaning pair rooted at their base to brace the overhang of the upper wing.  The centre of the latter was attached to the upper fuselage by short cabane struts. Only the upper wings carried ailerons; these narrowed in chord outward before rapidly widening at their tips to form horn balances.

The fighter's fuselage was flat sided, though with rounded upper and lower decking. The original intention was fit a Liberty L-8 V-8 engine but problems with this model led to the installation of a  Hispano-Suiza 8Fb, also a V-8.  A pair of fixed, synchronized  Vickers machine guns fired through the propeller disc. The pilot's open cockpit placed him at the trailing edge of the upper wing, which had a deep cut-out to improve his upward field of view; the lower wings had smaller cut-outs for downward vision.

The empennage of the de Marçay was conventional, with a triangular tailplane and semi-elliptical elevator mounted on top of the fuselage.  The broad chord fin was also triangular, with a rounded rudder which went down to the keel, operating between the elevators. It had a fixed, tailskid undercarriage with its mainwheels on a single axle which was rubber sprung to a transverse cross brace between two pairs of V-struts from the lower fuselage.

Piloted by Lebeau, the de Marçay 2 took part in the C1 or single seat fighter category of the 1919 Service Aéronautique competition held at Villacoublay. Though it was the fastest aircraft there, the Nieuport 29 was awarded a production contract and no more de Marçay 2s were built. The lone prototype was advertised for sale by SAECA Edmund de Marçay through most of 1920, though its ultimate fate is not recorded.

Variants
de Marçay 1 C1 A single-seat fighter, as originally designed in 1918, powered by a  Liberty L-12; not built.
de Marçay 2 C1The de Marçay 1 re-designed to accommodate a  Hispano-Suiza 8Fb; one built.

Specifications (de Marçay 2)

References

Bibliography

 

1910s French fighter aircraft
002
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Sesquiplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1919
Gerard Adriaan Acket. Gerard Adriaan Acket (born 9 September 1935, Utrecht) is a Dutch electrical engineer and emeritus professor. He worked in the faculties of electrical engineering at Delft University of Technology between 1981 and 1988 and Eindhoven University of Technology between 1991 and 2000. His workfield was optoelectronics.

Acket became a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1991.

References

1935 births
Living people
Academic staff of the Delft University of Technology
Dutch electrical engineers
Academic staff of the Eindhoven University of Technology
Members of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences
Scientists from Utrecht (city)
Hobson's joint. A Hobson's joint or Hobson's coupling is a type of right-angle constant-velocity joint; rods bent 90° are able to transmit torque around a corner because they are all free to turn in their mounting holes in both legs of the coupling.

Hobson's joints are used to make elbow engines, a novelty device, but also for practical purposes in tools and shaft-driven bicycle gearing.

External links

References

Gears
Rotating shaft couplings
Pushmeet Kohli. Pushmeet Kohli is a computer and machine learning scientist  at Google DeepMind where he holds the position of Vice President of research for the "Secure and Reliable AI" and "AI for Science and Sustainability". Before joining DeepMind, he was partner scientist and director of research at Microsoft Research and a post-doctoral fellow at the University of Cambridge. Kohli's research investigates applications of machine learning and computer vision. He has also made contributions in game theory, discrete algorithms and psychometrics.

Education
Kohli was educated at National Institute of Technology, Warangal and Oxford Brookes University where his PhD awarded in 2007 was supervised by Philip Torr. He was a Postdoctoral fellow at University of Cambridge.

Career and research
Current and previous research projects include:
 AlphaFold - breakthrough AI system for protein structure prediction
 AlphaTensor - a reinforcement learning agent that found new efficient algorithms for matrix multiplication
 SynthID - system for watermarking AI generated images.
 AlphaMissense  - AI model for predicting the effect of missense mutations in the genome  
AlphaCode - Competition-level code generation with AI
FunSearch - Discovering algorithms by using LLMs to search over program space.
Neural Program Synthesis
Probabilistic Programming 
 3D-scene Reconstruction and Understanding 
 Community based Crowdsourcing of Data for Training AI Models
 Behavioral analysis and Personality prediction using on Online networks
 Human Pose Estimation using the Kinect 
 Video Editing (Unwrap Mosaics)

Other AI for Science projects include

 Learnt Magnetic confinement control for Fusion 
 Learnt Density Functional for solving the fractional electron problem

Awards and honours
Kohli was listed by Time magazine as one of the 100 most influential people in AI.

The impact of AlphaFold  has seen its leads, Demis Hassabis and John Jumper, being awarded by numerous prizes including 2024 Nobel prize in Chemistry, the Breakthrough prize, Lasker award, and Wolfe prize.

Pushmeet's research in computer vision and machine learning has been recognized by a number of scientific awards and prizes. Some notable ones include:

 Koenderink Prize (test of time award) by the European Conference of Computer Vision
 British Machine Vision Association and Society for Pattern Recognition (BMVA) Sullivan Prize for the best PhD thesis. 
 IEEE Mixed Augmented Reality (ISMAR) Impact Paper award
 Lasting Impact Award by the ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology
 Best paper award at the International World Wide Web Conference 2014
 Best paper award in the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) 2010
 Best paper award in the Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence (UAI)

References

Indian computer scientists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Microsoft employees
Scientists from Cambridge
Alumni of Oxford Brookes University
National Institutes of Technology alumni
Computer vision researchers
Machine learning researchers
DeepMind people
Wight Quadruplane. The Wight Quadruplane, also referred to as the Wight Type 4, was a British single seat quadruplane fighter aircraft built by J Samuel White & Company Limited (Wight Aircraft) during World War I. Testing revealed design deficiencies and after the only example was involved in a crash, further work on the aircraft was abandoned.

Design and development
The Quadruplane serial no N546 was a prototype designed by Wight Aircraft general manager and design chief Howard T. Wright in 1916. Inspired by the Sopwith Triplane
and other multi-wing aircraft of its time, it had an unusual arrangement in which the fuselage was placed between the middle two wings with upper and lower wings attached by struts.
Another remarkable feature was that its wingspan was less than the overall length. The wings were cambered on the leading and trailing edges with a flat middle section. This wing design proved to be very inefficient. Power was provided by a  Clerget 9Z nine-cylinder air cooled rotary engine and it was to be armed with two  Vickers machine guns.
    
The original version had two cabane struts of long chord length supporting the upper wing. Four similar type interplane struts were used between the upper three wings, all of which had ailerons. The bottom wing had a shorter span with pairs of struts and cut outs for the landing gear wheels. Because the axle was the same height as the lower wing, the tailskid was very tall to prevent that wings trailing edge from contacting the ground. When tested in mid 1916 the aircraft had difficulty taking off due to shallow wing incidence and displayed dangerous tendencies because of a lack of yaw control and a major redesign was required.

In February 1917 the second version was ready for testing. The single thick struts were replaced with more conventional parallel wire braced struts and the landing gear was lengthened. The new wings were of varying chord and the overall diameter of the fuselage was increased. Most importantly, a larger dorsal fin and rudder were installed. After several disappointing flights at Martlesham Heath the machine was returned to the aircraft production facilities in Cowes for another rework.

The final version had new wings of decreasing span from top to bottom and ailerons only on the upper two wings. At Martlesham Heath in July 1917, flight testing again revealed an unsatisfactory lack of control. In February 1918 the Quadruplane crashed into a cemetery and the project was abandoned.

Specifications

See also

References

External links

1910s British fighter aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Quadruplanes
Wight aircraft
Rotary-engined aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1916
China National Machinery Import and Export Corporation. China National Machinery Import and Export Corporation (CMC) is a Chinese international engineering contractor and subsidiary of China General Technology Group. It is a contractor in a range of projects, mainly industrial facilities and power plants.

Projects
One of the company's key international projects, completed in 2014, was the construction of the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed railway with China Railway Construction Corporation Limited and Turkish consortium partners.

In 2013–2019, CMC extended Sri Lanka's Coastal line from Matara to Beliatta. The line had terminated in Matara since 1895, and the extension to Beliatta was the first new railway built in Sri Lanka since independence from Great Britain in 1948.

References

Government-owned companies of China
Construction and civil engineering companies of China
Railway construction companies of China
Chinese companies established in 1950
Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1950
1950 establishments in China
1998 mergers and acquisitions
Amapi. Amapi was a 3D modeler created by Yonowat S.A. that incorporates both polygonal modeling and NURBS surface modeling. Amapi was used to create models for industrial design, architecture, interior design, furniture, exhibit design, packaging, bottling, illustration, video games and multimedia.
The name of both the company and the software originate from a common saying by the cartoon character Droopy: "You know what? I'm happy.".

Amapi offered an original interface compared to other contemporary modeling software. The software divided modeling into three main activities: construction, modeling, and assembly. Switching between these three activities was accomplished by swiping the cursor against the right hand side of the screen, an example of a gestural user interface.

History 

Originally developed by Yonowat S.A. in 1993, Amapi was sold to Template Graphics Software in 1997.  TGS developed and sold the software under its Eovia brand.
In 2006, Eovia sold the Carrara and Amapi based Hexagon software products to Daz 3D, while Amapi was sold to e frontier.
In 2007, e frontier closed its French offices and dissolved the Amapi team.
In 2008, e frontier sold the Amapi asset to Smith Micro.  Smith Micro sold version 7.5 of Amapi Pro for a few years on its web site, but apparently did not continue to develop the software. The software is no longer listed for sale by Smith Micro.

Version History

References

3D graphics software
International Journal of Multiphase Flow. The International Journal of Multiphase Flow is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering fluid mechanics. The editors-in-chief are Alfredo Soldati (TU Wien) and S. Balachander (U Florida). The founding editor was Gad Hetsroni (Technion – Israel Institute of Technology). Previous editor (2007-2017) was Andrea Prosperetti (U Houston).

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 3.186.

References

External links 
 

Fluid dynamics journals
Academic journals established in 1973
Elsevier academic journals
Monthly journals
English-language journals
Central Bi-Oceanic railway. The Bioceanic Corridor (Portuguese: Corredor Bioceânico; Spanish: Corredor Bioceánico) is a rail project between Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, and Chile. It is intended to join the port of Santos, Brazil, on the coast of the Atlantic Ocean, with the ports of Iquique and Antofagasta, Chile, on the coast of the Pacific Ocean.

Project
In his trip to China in 2013, Bolivian president Evo Morales discussed with Chinese leader Xi Jinping  the possibility of building a railway to link the Atlantic with the Pacific through Brazil and Peru. The Chinese president requested a study of feasibility by 2014.

The Spanish narrow-gauge rail company FEVE was awarded a contract by the Bolivian government to prepare a technical feasibility study. The first studies were prepared by Spanish, French, and Bolivian consultants and were to be delivered by June 2014.

In August 2014, a mission from Bolivia sought financing from the Chinese government.

The summit of the Union of South American Nations  in December 2014 prioritised the project, along with seven other regional integration endeavors.

The project contemplated four baseline studies: the basic engineering design, the market study, the strategic study, and the environmental study. These were to be complete by 31 December 2014.

Then-Bolivian minister of public works, services and housing, Vladimir Sánchez, stated that the first phase was to build the railroad; the second was to electrify it, and the third was to have a double-track railroad.

The project aims for 95% of trade from the south and north of Peru as well as integration with Brazil.

Bi-Oceanic Corridor

In August 2017, a second expedition through parts of the route that have been completed took place, departing from Campo Grande and covering its entire length to the Chilean ports of Iquique and Antofagasta, the final stop. The route passed through four countries: Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, and Chile. The first expedition traveled through Bolivia, to Chilean ports. The corridor was to be completed in 2022. Most of the work is to be carried out by Paraguay, which will need to pave more than 600 km of its highways, at the time still unpaved. The route is set to cover 2,400 km, between Campo Grande and Antofagasta.

The project is intended to reduce travel time for exports from the midwest of Brazil to Asia and Oceania (China, Japan, India, Australia) by up to two weeks. With the route, part of Brazilian production, which currently leaves the country through the ports of Santos and Paranaguá, will be exported by Chilean ports at lower prices.

In February 2022, Paraguay inaugurated 275 km of National Route 15 (about half of the route), connecting Carmelo Peralta (Alto Paraguay), on the border with Brazil, to Loma Plata (Boquerón), in the center of the country.

See also
 Brazil–Peru railway
 Interoceanic Highway
 Rail transport in Bolivia
 Rail transport in Brazil

References

Proposed railway lines in South America
Proposed railway lines in Brazil
Rail transport in Bolivia
Rail transport in Brazil
Rail transport in Peru
Rail transport in South America
International railway lines
Mountain railways
Joe Bill Dryden Semper Viper Award. The Joe Bill Dryden Semper Viper Award is an award granted by Lockheed Martin to a pilot that has demonstrated exceptional abilities.

Joe Bill Dryden was a famous pilot in the United States Air Force and a test-pilot for General Dynamics. He crashed during an F-16 Fighting Falcon test flight.

Future Belgian Astronaut Frank de Winne was the first non-American pilot to receive this award in 1997. He managed to land his F-16 safely despite a failure his engine and main flight instruments. He opted not to use his ejection seat because there was a strong chance that his aircraft would crash in the densely populated 
surroundings of Leeuwarden.

References 
 The award's website
 Website of the Belgian luchtcomponent regarding Frank de Winne's issue 

Military awards and decorations of the United States
8 cubic meter-class dredger. The 8 cubic meter class dredger is a class of naval auxiliary ship currently in service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). The complete name of the class is 8 cubic meter grab dredger, and it can also be used as a crane ship, capable of lifting a maximum of a hundred tons for each single lift. In 1984, the PLAN Equipment and Technology department signed a contract with East Sea Shipyard to build an 8 cubic meter class dredger / crane ship designed to meet the requirements of Nippon Kaiji Kyokai (ClassNK).  The general designers were Xun Zhi-Liang (荀志亮) and Zhang Lin-Sheng (张林生). Construction began in December 1984, and after completion, the ship sailed to Qingdao in June 1985 for further sea trials, which were completed successfully. The following month, the ship was handed over to the PLAN.

8 cubic meter class dredger in PLAN service was originally designated by a combination of two Chinese characters followed by three-digit number. The first Chinese character is Jiao (交), short for Jiao-Tong (交通, meaning traffic in Chinese). The second Chinese character is Zhua (抓), short for Zhua-Dou-Shi (抓斗, meaning grab in Chinese, because the ship is a grab dredger). However, the pennant numbers may have changed due to the change of Chinese naval ship-naming convention.

References

Auxiliary ships of the People's Liberation Army Navy
Dulaji-class research ship. The Dulaji class are a class of environmental research ships (AGER) currently in service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN), and the design is also modified for cable layer (YRC) in PLAN service, with both versions have received the same NATO reporting name Dulaji class because they share the same hull. The exact type of this class remain unknown as of 2022, because no official information has been released, despite the ships have already been in service for more than a decade. In addition to the usual task of conducting regular environmental sampling, monitoring/surveillance and research missions, these ships are also tasked with additional task of sewer transfer and treatment from other ships to prevent sewer onboard other ships from overflowing into the sea and thus causing pollution, and thus these ships also act as sewer vessels for vessel sewage discharging.

Ships of this class in PLAN service are designated by a combination of two Chinese characters followed by a two-digit number. For the environmental research version, the second Chinese character is Jian(监), meaning monitor in Chinese, since its primary duties included monitoring environment. For the cable layer version, the second Chinese character is Lan(缆), meaning cable (for communication & power) in Chinese, since its primary duties are laying & maintaining communication and power cables. The first Chinese character denotes which fleet the ship is service with, with East (Dong, 东) for East Sea Fleet (ESF), North (Bei, 北) for North Sea Fleet (NSF), and South (Nan, 南) for South Sea Fleet (SSF). However, the pennant numbers are subject to change due to changes of Chinese naval ships naming convention, or when units are transferred to different fleets. Specification:
Length: 30 meter
Displacement: 300 ton
Ships of the environmental research version (AGER):

Ships of the cable layer version (YRC):

References

Auxiliary ships of the People's Liberation Army Navy