omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Brooklyn Bridge (software). The Brooklyn Bridge from White Crane Systems was a data transfer enabler. Although it came with some hardware, it was the software which was the basis of the product. It also could transform the data's format.

Overview
The New York Times described its category as being among "communications packages used to transfer files." In an era of 300 baud, Brooklyn Bridge operated at "115,200 baud" so that a transfer which "at 300 baud took 4 minutes and 36 seconds" only needed 
5 seconds. Unlike some communications packages, this one retains the original version-date, so as not to alarm people
when they seem to have what looks like an update, when it's not.

Description
Once the software is installed, users comfortable with typing the word "COPY" can do so as readily as they sneakernet. An earlier review described it as "less cumbersome than conventional communications software" The use of neither specialized hardware nor specialized software is ideal in an era when this can be done using online or other "outside" services.

See also
 BLAST (protocol)
 Kermit (protocol)
 Zamzar

References

Communication software
Computer data
Data management
History of software
US1. The US1, sometimes written US 1, is an American sailing dinghy that was designed by Ralph Kuppersmith and Clark Mills as a one-design racer and first built in 1973.

The design is most likely a catboat-rigged derivation of the Mills-designed Windmill of 1953.

Production
The design was initially built by Kuppersmith's company, the Advance Sailboat Corporation of Parkville, Missouri and later of Independence, Missouri, United States. That company went out of business in 1980 and the boat design was then built by Continental Sailcraft. A total of 450 boats were completed, but it is now out of production.

Design
The US1 is a recreational sailboat, built predominantly of fiberglass. It has a catboat rig with a loose-footed mainsail and foam-filled aluminum spars to reduce the risk of turtling. The hull features a rounded foredeck, a plumb stem, a vertical transom, a transom-hung, kick-up rudder controlled by a tiller and a retractable centerboard. It displaces .

The boat has a draft of  with the centerboard extended and  with it retracted, allowing beaching or ground transportation on a trailer or car roof rack.

For sailing the design is equipped with a dual Cunningham and an outhaul.

The class rules allow specific modifications to the boat, including the installation of two bailers, centerboard gaskets, four inspection ports, changes to the sheeting, the boom vang, the Cunningham, mainsheet traveler, outhaul, as well as the rudder and tiller and the centerboard control lines.

At one time the class rules allowed the use of a three-piece mast as an alternative to the standard two-piece mast, but this change was repealed.

The design has a Portsmouth Yardstick racing average handicap of 91.5 and is normally raced with a crew of one or two sailors, who are limited by the class rules to  total weight.

Operational history
In 1994 there were active fleets racing in Missouri, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Texas.

See also
List of sailing boat types

References

Dinghies
1970s sailboat type designs
Sailboat type designs by Ralph Kuppersmith
Sailboat type designs by Clark Mills
Sailboat types built by Advance Sailboat Corporation
Sailboat types built by Continental Sailcraft
Matteo Togninalli. Matteo Togninalli (born 25 September 1977) is an Italian Formula One engineer. He is currently the Head of Track Engineering at the Scuderia Ferrari Formula One team.

Career

In 2003, Togninalli graduated from the Milan Polytechnic with a degree in Mechanical Engineering, after which he joined Fiat’s research centre, which is where he first garnered the interest of working at Ferrari. In 2005, he started working with the Ferrari Remote Garage and two years later, he joined the team as a Vehicle Dynamics Engineer.

In 2010, he became Head of Race Performance Engineering and then in 2016, he was promoted to the head of the Track Engineering Department, a role which involved coordinating all track engineering over a race weekend from a technical perspective whilst also leading the Race Performance Engineering group in Maranello.

References

1977 births
Living people
21st-century Italian engineers
Ferrari people
Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal. The Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Springer Science+Business Media. The journal was originally published under the title "International Journal of Flexible Manufacturing Systems" and Kathryn Stecke was the founding Editor-in-Chief. The journal publishes research in the field of services and manufacturing management. All aspects in this field including the interface between engineering and management, the design and analysis of service and manufacturing systems as well as operational planning and decision support systems are covered.

Abstracting and indexing 
The Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal is abstracted and indexed in the Journal Citation Reports, Research Papers in Economics SCImago Journal Rank, Scopus, Science Citation Index, among others. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2019 impact factor of 2.368, ranking it 24th out of 48 journals in the category "Engineering, Industrial", 29th out of 50 journals in the category "Engineering, Manufacturing" and 32nd out of 83 journals in the category "Operations Research & Management Science".

References

External links 
 

Engineering journals
Academic journals established in 1988
Springer Science+Business Media academic journals
English-language journals
Kim Jinai. Kim Jinai (; born 16 February 1953), also known as Kim Jin-ae, is a South Korean urban engineer and politician.

Biography 

In 1971 Kim was the only woman admitted to study at Seoul National University College of Engineering which building then only had men's bathrooms.

Upon return from studying at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Kim took several notable urban planning projects such as creating Sanbon Newtown, one of satellite cities of Seoul, and restructuring Insa-dong. She took numerous policy advisory roles to the government of both conservative and liberal presidents and major construction projects like Sejong City.

For the 2008 general election, Kim was placed as number 17 of the proportional list for preceding party of now Democratic Party of Korea but failed to be elected. However, after one of the members elected via proportional list resigned, she finally became a lawmaker in November 2009. Highlighting the problems of "Four Major River project" of Lee Myung-bak administration is her best known work as a parliamentarian to the public.

For the 2012 general election, Kim applied to earn Democratic Party's nomination for Seoul Mapo A constituency but lost to Noh Woong-rae.

For the 2020 general election, Kim was placed as the top of the list of newly created party's proportional representation list. Kim assumed the floor leadership as she is the only lawmaker of her party who has served more than once. In December 2020, Kim announced her candidacy for Seoul Mayor in the upcoming by-election in April 2021. On 8 March 2021 Kim submitted her resignation as a member of the National Assembly to focus on her campaign as mayor of the capital of the country. After their agreed poll found Park Young-sun of Democratic Party more fit for office, Kim and her party endorsed Park for the post. Following Kim's resignation, a former spokesperson of President Moon Jae-in, Kim Eui-kyeom will succeed her seat at the parliament on 24 March 2021.

Kim was previously a visiting professor of architecture at Ewha Womans University and an adjunct professor at KAIST.

Kim holds three degrees in architecture - a bachelor's degree from Seoul National University, a master's from Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a doctorate in urban planning from MIT. She graduated from Ewha Girls' High School.

Electoral history

Awards 
Source:

  Order of Civil Merit by the government of South Korea (1998)
 Time's Global 100 Roster of Young Leaders for the New Millennium (1994)

References 

Living people
1953 births
People from Siheung
Politicians from Gyeonggi Province
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Seoul National University alumni
Academic staff of Ewha Womans University
Academic staff of KAIST
Women urban planners
South Korean women engineers
Democratic Party of Korea politicians
Uri Party politicians
Members of the National Assembly (South Korea)
South Korean women academics
South Korean architects
P. K. Thressia. P.K. Thressia (12 March 1924 - 18 November 1981) was a Civil Engineer and became India's first female chief engineer.

Early life and education 
P.K. Thressia was born in Kerala on the 12 March 1924 into a devout Syrian Catholic family. She was the second of six children of Kunchalichy and Kakkappan Thressia. Her father worked as an agriculturist.

She attended the St Mary's High School in Kattoor and through her father's encouragement went onto study Civil Engineering at the College of Engineering, Guindy (CEG), alongside fellow women engineers, Ayyalasomayajula Lalitha and Leelamma Koshie. She graduated in 1944, after her degree was compressed to three and half years due to the Second World War.

Engineering career 
After graduating, Thressia worked as a Section Officer for the Public Works Commission of the Kingdom of Cochin, (in modern day Kerala) which was under the British rule. She soon received a promotion to the Assistant Construction Engineer for the TB Sanatorium, Mulakunnathukavu. She became Executive Engineer in 1956, which meant she had to move to Ernakulam, where she worked for nine years. In 1966, she was promoted to Superintending Engineer of Kozhikode Roads and Buildings. 

In 1971, she was promoted to Chief Engineer of the state of Kerala. In this role she worked on significant road construction projects, pioneered the use of rubberised bitumen for road surfaces and commissioned up to 35 new bridges a year. Thressia also worked on infrastructure projects including the construction of hospitals. In Roots and Wings, by Shantha Mohan, she is quoted as saying that 'an engineer's life is not as difficult as many women think.'

P.K. Thressia retired in 1979, after working for the Kerala Public Works Department for 34 years and became a founding consultant for the firm Taj Engineers.

References 

1924 births
1981 deaths
20th-century women engineers
Indian women engineers
Engineers from Kerala
Indian engineers

Women engineers
College of Engineering, Guindy alumni
Skyborg. The Skyborg project is a United States Air Force Vanguard program developing unmanned combat aerial vehicles intended to accompany a manned fighter aircraft. , contracts have been awarded to Boeing, General Atomics, Kratos Unmanned Aerial Systems and Northrop Grumman.

Development 
On September 29, 2020, the US Air Force contracted nine corporations (AeroVironment, Autonodyne LLC, BAE Systems, Blue Force Technologies, Fregata Systems LLC, Lockheed Martin, NextGen Aeronautic, Sierra Technical Services, and Wichita State University) to work on Skyborg prototyping and experimentation. On December 21, 2020, Voly Defense Solutions LLC of Concord, California, was added to the contract.

See also
 AVIC Dark Sword
 Baykar Bayraktar Kızılelma 
 Boeing MQ-28 Ghost Bat, formerly the Boeing Airpower Teaming System
 Kratos XQ-58 Valkyrie
 X-62A VISTA, formerly the NF-16D VISTA

References

Drone warfare
Delvar-class vessel. The Delvar class () is a series of auxiliary ships built by the Karachi Shipyard & Engineering Works for the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy.

Design

Dimensions and machinery 
The ships have gross tonnage of  and their deadweight tonnage is . The class design is  long, would have a beam of  and a draft of . It uses two shafts, powered by two MAN G6V 23.5/33ATL diesel engines. This system was designed to provide  for an estimated top speed of .

Sensors and processing systems 
For navigation, Delvar-class vessels rely on Decca 1226 on IJ-band.

Armament 
Delvar-class vessels are reportedly equipped with one 20 mm GAM-BO1 cannon and two 12.7 mm machine guns. The ships have been rearmed.

Ships in the class
Known ships in commission the class are:

References 

Ships built in Pakistan
Auxiliary depot ship classes
Ship classes of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy
Auxiliary ships of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy
Drovorub. Drovorub (, "woodcutter") is a software toolkit for developing malware for the Linux operating system. It was created by the 85th Main Special Service Center, a unit of the Russian GRU often referred to as APT28.

Drovorub has a sophisticated modular architecture, containing an implant coupled with a kernel module rootkit, a file transfer and port forwarding tool, and a command and control server. Drovorub has been described as a "Swiss-army knife for hacking Linux".

The U.S. government report that first identified Drovorub recommends the use of UEFI Secure Boot and Linux's native kernel module signing facility to resist Drovorub attacks.

References 

Malware toolkits
Hacking in the 2020s
Joycelyn Harrison. Joycelyn Harrison (born January 22, 1964) is an African-American engineer who is Associate Dean of the College of Aeronautics and Engineering at Kent State University. In 2006 she was awarded the NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal. Her research considers the development of novel piezoelectric materials.

Early life and education 
Harrison was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee. Her first job was washing people's hair in her mother's beauty salon. She attended North Chattanooga Junior High School where her teacher, Stu Silvernman, encouraged her to pursue a career in chemical engineering. She joined Spelman College as an undergraduate student, where she majored in chemical engineering. After earning her bachelor's degree, Harrison moved to Georgia Tech.

Research and career 
In 1994, Harrison joined the NASA Langley Research Center as a research engineer. At Langley she worked alongside Terry L. St. Clair on piezoelectric materials and electro-active polymers. By 1999 Harrison had been promoted to the Advanced Materials and Processing Branch.

Harrison worked on Thin-Layer Composite-Unimorph Piezoelectric Driver and Sensor, THUNDER, a novel device that can detect changes in responsive smart materials. In particular, THUNDER could be applied to electronic systems, optical components and anywhere that needs noise or jitter suppression. THUNDER was awarded the Advantage Business Media R&D 100 Award. THUNDER was part of the NASA morphing programme, which looked to allow remote shaping of the surface of satellites.

In 2009 Harrison joined the Air Force Research Laboratory, where she worked on the low density materials programme. She was eventually made Director of the Budget Plans, and oversaw the United States Air Force $500 million research portfolio. Harrison joined Kent State University as Associate Dean for Research in the College of Aeronautics and Engineering.

Awards and honours 

 1998 National Women in Color Technology All-Star Award
 2000 Exceptional Achievement Medal
 2006 NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal
 2020 Dominion Energy and Library of Virginia "Strong Men and Women" in Virginia History honouree

Select publications

References 

1964 births
Living people
African-American engineers
African-American women academics
American women academics
21st-century African-American academics
21st-century American academics
Spelman College alumni
Georgia Tech alumni
NASA people
Kent State University faculty
DARPA AlphaDogfight. The DARPA AlphaDogfight was a 2019–2020 DARPA program that pitted computers using F-16 flight simulators against one another. The computers were managed by eight teams of humans, who competed in a single-round elimination for the right to battle a skilled human dogfighter. Heron Systems corporation wrote a deep reinforcement learning software tool that bested the human pilot by a score of 5–0. The tournament program was managed by the Applied Physics Laboratory. The trials took place in October 2019 and January 2020 while the finals were held in August 2020. In 2024 a successor version of the program was tested with in the physical world with the X-62A.

References

DARPA
Applied machine learning
John H. Dillon Medal. The John H. Dillon Medal is a medal that has been awarded annually by the American Physical Society (APS) since 1983. The recipients are  young polymer physicists chosen for "outstanding accomplishment and unusual promise in research in polymer physics" One medal is awarded each year to a nominee who received their terminal degree (e.g. PhD) less than 12 years prior to nomination. The award consists of a $2,000 prize, and $1000 allowance for traveling to the APS March Meeting to present their work, and receive the medal. The award is sponsored by Elsevier.

Recipients

See also 

 List of physics awards
List of prizes named after people

References 

Awards of the American Physical Society
Dillion, John, Medal
1983 establishments in the United States
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Eco Park (stadium). Eco Park is a proposed stadium in Gloucestershire, England. If constructed, the stadium will be the home ground of  Forest Green Rovers. It is reputedly going to be the world's first timber stadium.

Architects, Zaha Hadid Architects  were chosen in November 2016 following a design competition.

The stadium was granted planning permission by Stroud District Council in December 2019 following amendments having initially been rejected in June 2019. It was approved in December 2019 and the green energy company Ecotricity revealed the revised plans in January 2022.

The Eco Park stadium is estimated to cost £100m and does not yet have a target for completion.

Sustainability characteristics 
The stadium will have the lowest carbon footprint of any football stadium in the world. It will only use renewable energy from the wind and the sun generated by Ecotricity and generate over 80% of its energy on site.

References

External links

Football venues in Gloucestershire
Forest Green Rovers F.C.
Sports venues in Stroud
Sustainable buildings and structures
Ralph Mupita. Ralph Tendai Mupita is a Zimbabwe-born engineer, businessman, and corporate executive, whose appointment as group president and chief executive of MTN Group with effect from 1 September 2020 was announced on 19 August 2020. Prior to that he served as the MTN Group's chief financial officer from April 2017 until August 2020.

Background and education
Mupita was born in Zimbabwe 11 April, 1972. He attended Mutare Junior School and then Churchill School and Plumtree School for his middle school and high school education. He was then admitted to the University of Cape Town, in South Africa, where he obtained a Bachelor of Science degree in Civil Engineering. He followed that with a Master of Business Administration degree, also awarded by the University of Cape Town. Later, he studied at Harvard University, in their Graduate Management Program.

Career
After his first degree, Mupita worked as staff civil engineer at Haw & Inglis Civil Engineering, in Cape Town for just over three years, from December 1996 until December 1999. In January 2001, he joined Old Mutual South Africa, serving in varying roles, as Director of Strategy and as Director of Retail for High Net-worth & Affluent. In February 2012, he was appointed as the chief executive officer Emerging Markets for Old Mutual Plc., based in Johannesburg, serving in that capacity until January 2017. From April 2017, until August 2020, he served as the CFO of MTN Group Limited. Mupita replaced Rob Shuter who stepped down as CEO on 31 August 2020.

Personal
Ralph Mupita is married to Makole Mupita, a chartered accountant who is the proprietor and principal at Mahlako A Phahla Investments (Pty) Limited, established in 2009. He has four children.

See also
Oliver Fortuin

References

External links
 Website of MTN Group

Living people
1972 births
South African engineers
South African chief executives
University of Cape Town alumni
Harvard University alumni
MTN Group
C4 model. The C4 model is a lean graphical notation technique for modeling the architecture of software systems. It is based on a structural decomposition (a hierarchical tree structure) of a system into containers and components and relies on existing modelling techniques such as Unified Modeling Language (UML) or entity–relationship diagrams (ERDs) for the more detailed decomposition of the architectural building blocks.

History 
The C4 model was created by the software architect Simon Brown between 2006 and 2011 on the roots of Unified Modelling Language (UML) and the 4+1 architectural view model. The launch of an official website under a Creative Commons license and an article published in 2018 popularised the emerging technique.

Overview 
The C4 model documents the architecture of a software system, by showing multiple points of view that explain the decomposition of a system into containers and components, the relationship between these elements, and, where appropriate, the relation with its users.

The viewpoints are organized according to their hierarchical level:

 Context diagrams (level 1): show the system in scope and its relationship with users and other systems;
 Container diagrams (level 2): decompose a system into interrelated containers. A container represents an application or a data store;
 Component diagrams (level 3): decompose containers into interrelated components, and relate the components to other containers or other systems;
 Code diagrams (level 4): provide additional details about the design of the architectural elements that can be mapped to code. The C4 model relies at this level on existing notations such as Unified Modelling Language (UML), Entity Relation Diagrams (ERD) or diagrams generated by Integrated Development Environments (IDE).

For level 1 to 3, the C4 model uses 5 basic diagramming elements: persons, software systems, containers, components and relationships. The technique is not prescriptive for the layout, shape, colour and style of these elements. Instead, the C4 model recommends using simple diagrams based on nested boxes in order to facilitate interactive collaborative drawing. The technique also promotes good modelling practices such as providing a title and legend on every diagram, and clear unambiguous labelling in order to facilitate the understanding by the intended audience.

The C4 model facilitates collaborative visual architecting and evolutionary architecture in the context of agile teams where more formal documentation methods and up-front architectural design are not desired.

See also 
 Software architecture

References

External links 
 Official site

Architecture description language
Software architecture
Diagrams
Notation
Knowledge representation
Software modeling language
Modeling languages