omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Airship Development AD1. The Airship Development AD1 was a British non-rigid gas-filled advertising airship. The airship had a  envelope made by the Reginald Foster Dagnall Company of Guildford. The airship, registered G-FAAX,  was erected at the old Cramlington Airship Station near Newcastle where it was test flown on 6 November 1929. It was powered by a  ABC Hornet four-cylinder piston engine mounted on a three-seater underslung car.

The AD1 was used for advertising and had a  panel on each side for messages. It was dismantled after an accident in June 1931 when a storm tore it from its moorings and damaged the envelope.

References

Bibliography

1920s British civil utility aircraft
Airships of the United Kingdom
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1929
HESA Bavar 2. The HESA Bavar 2 ()  is a ground effect vehicle unveiled in September 2010 by the IRGC Navy. It is designed to have a small radar signature, and therefore be difficult to track on radar, to be able to remain undetected while carrying out patrol missions. The vehicle can be equipped with different kinds of weapons including locally produced rockets and missiles.
The design is based on the work of Alexander Lippisch and is similar in concept to the 1970s experimental RFB X-113.

Analysis

Because they ride on a cushion of air generated between their wings and the water's surface and don't actually fly, as such, surface-effect vehicles (SEVs) are able to sustain payloads approximately three times the weight of those carried by equivalent-sized airplanes. This fact - taken together with their small size, quick acceleration, high speed, close proximity to the water and ability to blend-in with small, stationary boats on radar while loitering - makes small SEVs like the Bavar ideal platforms for carrying-out asymmetric approaches to conventional naval surface forces, especially at night and within the confines of an area as restricted (and often congested) as the Persian Gulf. The Bavar II exhibits a small radar signature and is therefore difficult to pick-up and track, especially while lying passive/motionless, when set against a cluttered backdrop, while merely trolling (see photo) and/or at longer ranges. Its reduced cross-section is intended to allow the Bavar to remain undetected while carrying out reconnaissance/patrol/attack missions, but its tellingly quick approach is often given-away through its employment of a (radar-reflecting) high propeller and a (heat-emitting) high, exposed engine. For these reasons, future versions are expected to incorporate a smaller and lower, enclosed turbofan, as well as emphasize the more extensive use of carbon-fibre, facetted surfaces and radar-absorbing paint to further minimize their profiles.

Operators 

IRGC-N

See also
Islamic Republic of Iran Navy
List of military equipment manufactured in Iran

References

External links

Bavar 2
Ekranoplans
Flying boats
2010s Iranian attack aircraft
High-wing aircraft
T-tail aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Single-engined piston aircraft
Krupajal Engineering College, Bhubaneswar. Krupajal Engineering College, Bhubaneswar, also called KEC is an engineering institution in the Eastern Zone of Odisha, which was established in 1995 under the Krupajal Group of institutions. The college certifies to ISO 9001:2000 and is rated as an A grade engineering college by NACC.

The college is approved by AICTE, New Delhi, affiliated to Biju Patnaik University of Technology, Odisha and accredited by NBA & NAAC, New Delhi situated at Kausalya Ganga, Puba Sasan, Bhubaneswar. It has 30 acres of area with a built up area of 1.5 lac square feet.

Admission procedure
The students are admitted through the OJEE/AIEEE National level entrance test. There is provision of Lateral Entry of 10% of sanctioned intake for Diploma holders directly to the 3rd semester as per the BPUT guidelines. The students for postgraduation courses in M.Tech. are admitted through GATE Score.

References

External links
 
 
 KEC Online Info. System
 KEC on Google Map

Private engineering colleges in India
All India Council for Technical Education
Engineering colleges in Odisha
Science and technology in Bhubaneswar
Universities and colleges in Bhubaneswar
Colleges affiliated with Biju Patnaik University of Technology
Educational institutions established in 1995
1995 establishments in Orissa
Alberto Carpinteri. Alberto Carpinteri (born 23 December 1952) is an Italian, now he is a chair professor of Shantou University, China.

Biography
Alberto Carpinteri is professor in science of construction, Chair Professor at the Shantou University - College of Engineering and former professor at the Polytechnic University of Turin. Alberto Carpinteri was also director of the National Institute of Metrological Research (2011-2013), member of the New York Academy of Sciences and President of many scientific institutions as the International Congress on Fracture, ICF (2009-2013), the European Structural Integrity Society, ESIS (2002-2006),  the International Association of Fracture Mechanics for Concrete and Concrete Structures, the IA-FraMCoS (2004-2007),  the Italian Group for Fracture (1998-2005).

Carpinteri was also member of the executive committees of the International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, IUTAM (2004-2012) and the Society for Experimental Mechanichs, SEM (2012-2014). He was also Editor-in-Chief of the Italian magazine "Meccanica".

He is mainly known for his contribution in the study of piezonuclear fission, which is the purported theory that "compressing solids can provoke nucleus-splitting reactions without emitting gamma-rays or producing nuclear waste".

In 2013 INRiM was set in temporary receivership and Carpinteri dismissed after the resignation of two-thirds of the board of directors in objection of Carpinteri's support in the purported theory of piezonuclear fission.

Alberto Carpinteri conducted many lectures worldwide and published books and academic papers on the piezonuclear theory. On the same topic Carpinteri is also currently contributing to the "Clean Energy from Hydrogen-Metal Systems" project financed by the European Union under the Horizon 2020 plan.

Prizes and honours
Odone Belluzzi Prize for Science of Constructions, University of Bologna (1976)  
Medal Robert L'Hermite, RILEM (1982)
NATO Senior Scholarship – Lehigh University, Pennsylvania (1982) – Northwestern University, Illinois (1985) 
Medal of Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (1993) 
Honorary degree in physics, Constantinian University, Rhode Island (1994) 
Honoris Causa Professor, Nanjing University, China (1996) 
Honoris Causa Professor, Albert Schweitzer University of Ginevra, Switzerland (2000)
Wessex Institute of Technology International Prize, Southampton, UK (2000)
Griffith Medal for Fractural Mechanics, ESIS (2008)
Giuliano Preparata Award, assigned by the Condensed Matter Nuclear Science (ISCMNS)  for the studies on Low Energy Nuclear Reactions published in the book "Acoustic, Electromagnetic, Neutron Emissions from Fracture and Earthquakes" (2015)

References

1952 births
Living people
Engineers from Bologna
20th-century Italian physicists
Phosphinoimidate. Phosphinoimidates, also known as phophinimides, are the anions derived from phosphine imides with the structure [R3P=N]− (R = alkyl or aryl). Phosphinimide ligands are used to for transition metal complexes that are highly active catalysts in some olefin polymerization reactions.

Synthesis of phosphinoimidate complexes
Although phosphinoimidates are formally anions, salts of the anions are typically unavailable owing to their high basicity. Instead the ligand is installed indirectly.

Staudinger reaction
Preparation of phosphinoimidate complexes are achieved in high yield from the corresponding silyl derivatives R3PNSiMe3 (Me = -CH3). These derivatives are prepared by oxidation of phosphine ligands with trimethylsilyl azide, also known as the Staudinger reaction:

PR3  +   Me3SiN3   →   Me3SiN=PR3  +  N2

Starting from these silyl compounds, a variety of phosphinoimidate complexes can be prepared. For example, reaction of dirhenium heptoxide with (N-trimethylsilyl) triphenylphosphoraneimine yields the monomeric phosphoraneiminato complex [ReO3(NPPh3)] and hexamethylsiloxane:

Re2O7  +  2 Me3SiNPPh3   →   2 [ReO3(NPPh3)]   +  O(SiMe3)2

Syntheses from nitrido complexes
The first phosphinoimidate complexes were prepared by reaction of phosphines with molybdenum and tungsten nitrido complexes:

MNCl3  +  PPh3   →   M(NPPh3)Cl3

This reaction is accompanied by reduction of the metal from +VI to +IV and phosphorus from (III) to (V). The main limitation of this reaction is the relative rarity of metal nitride complexes.

Molecular structure
Phosphinoimidate complexes of transition metals containing the [R3P=N]− ligand are known to adopt several bonding modes. In complexes with metal ions in low oxidation states (+I, +II), the [R3P=N]− group often serves as a μ3-N bridging ligand. For complexes of intermediate oxidation states (+III, +IV), the [R3P=N]− ligand bridges pairs of metals. For metals in high oxidation states (+V to +VIII), the [R3P=N]− group exists exclusively as the terminal ligand. 
Most phosphinoimidate complexes fall into two groups, one with a linear or largely linear M-N-P bridge with bond angles between 161 and 177° and another with a bent M-N-P configuration with bond angles between 130 and 140°. Linear M-N-P arrangements are achieved mainly by metals in high oxidation states while metals with lower oxidation states are characterized by bent M-N-P arrangements.

Bonding (Resonance structures)

LnM−=N+=PR3   ↔   LnM−=N—P+R3   ↔   LnM—N=PR3

Applications
One family of titanium phosphinoimidates has been commercialized as catalysts for ethylene polymerization. Cyclopentadienyl-titanium-phosphinoimidate compounds with the general formula CpTiCl2(NPR3) are effective catalysts in the presence of methyl alumoxane (MAO), while those with the general formula CpTiMe2(NPR3) are effective in the presence of trityl tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate (TB).

References

Ligands
Romualdas Kasuba. Romualdas Kasuba (March 23, 1931 – October 19, 2019; ) was a Lithuanian American academician and mechanical engineer.

Biography
Kasubas' family planned to flee Lithuania in 1940; the family was threatened with being sent to Siberia by the Soviet regime because his mother was a teacher. However, after the German invasion, Kasuba was instead put to work on a farm supplying food to the German army. Kasuba moved to Germany in 1944, and he then lived in a displaced persons camp and emigrated to the United States in 1948.

Kasuba graduated from University of Illinois in 1954. He earned a doctoral degree in 1962.
Kasuba taught at Cleveland State University from 1964 to 1986, where he also chaired the Department of Mechanical Engineering.
In 1986 Kasuba co-founded the College of Engineering at Northern Illinois University and became its dean.
From 1989 to 1996, Kasuba was a member of senate at Vytautas Magnus University in Kaunas, Lithuania.

Kasuba died in 2019 at age 88.

Awards and recognition
1998: Honorary doctorate from the Kaunas University of Technology
1999: The National Academy of Sciences of Lithuania elected him an international member of the academy 
1999: The Diamond Award from the UNESCO International Engineering Education Center for the best paper
In February 2011, an auditorium at Northern Illinois University was named in Kasuba's honor.

References

Vytautas Magnus University
Northern Illinois University faculty
Lithuanian refugees in the United States
1931 births
2019 deaths
Engineers from Kaunas
American academicians
Lithuanian academicians
2-Vinylpyridine. 2-Vinylpyridine is an organic compound with the formula CH2CHC5H4N.  It is a derivative of pyridine with a vinyl group in the 2-position, next to the nitrogen.  It is a colorless liquid, although samples are often brown.  It is used industrially  as a precursor to specialty polymers and as an intermediate in the chemical, pharmaceutical, dye, and photo industries.  Vinylpyridine is sensitive to polymerization.  It may be stabilized with a polymerisation inhibitor such as tert-butylcatechol. Owing to its tendency to polymerize, samples are typically refrigerated.

Synthesis
It was first synthesized in 1887.  A contemporary preparation entails condensation of 2-methylpyridine with formaldehyde, followed by dehydration of the intermediate alcohol. The reaction is carried out between 150–200 °C in an autoclave. The conversion is kept relatively low. After removal of unreacted 2-methylpyridine by distillation, concentrated aqueous sodium hydroxide is added to the residue and the resultant mixture is distilled under reduced pressure. During distillation, the dehydration of 2-(2-pyridyl)ethanol occurs to give 2-vinylpyridine, which can be purified further by fractional distillation under reduced pressure in the presence of an inhibitor such as 4-tert-butylcatechol.
CH3C5H4N  +  CH2O  →  HOCH2CH2C5H4N 
HOCH2CH2C5H4N   →  CH2=CHC5H4N  +  H2O

An alternative synthesis involves the reaction of acrylonitrile and acetylene below 130–140  ̊C in the presence of organocobalt compounds as a catalyst. Acrylonitrile is the solvent for the reaction.

Uses

Polymeric derivatives
2-Vinylpyridine is readily polymerized or copolymerized with styrene, butadiene, isobutylene, methyl methacrylate, and other compounds in the presence of radical, cationic, or anionic initiators. The homopolymer is soluble in organic solvents such as methanol and acetone, whereas cross-linked copolymers are insoluble in organic solvents.

An important application of 2-vinylpyridine involves the production of a latex terpolymer of 2-vinylpyridine, styrene, and butadiene, for use as a tire-cord binder. The tire cord is treated first with a resorcinol-formaldehyde polymer and then with a terpolymer made from 15% 2-vinylpyridine, styrene, and butadiene. This treatment gives the close bonding of tire cord to rubber.

2-Vinylpyridine is a co-monomer for acrylic fibers. Between 1–5% of copolymerized 2-vinylpyridine provide the reactive sites for dyes.

Organic synthesis
Due to the electron-withdrawing effect of the ring nitrogen atom, 2-vinylpyridine adds nucleophiles such as methoxide, cyanide, hydrogen sulfide at the vinylic site to give addition products. The addition product of methanol to 2-vinylpyridine, 2-(2-methoxyethyl)pyridine is a veterinary anthelmintic.

Treating 2-vinylpyridine with 4-pyridinecarbonitrile and hydrogen chloride gives 1-[2-(2-pyridyl)ethyl]-4-cyanopyridinium chloride, which then can be used to prepare dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), a widely used base catalyst.

2-Vinylpyridine is used in the production of Axitinib, a pharmaceutical.

See also
 4-Vinylpyridine

References

2-Pyridyl compounds
Monomers
Vinyl compounds
Mahendra Mehta. Mahendra Singh Mehta (born 9 December 1955) is an Indian businessman. He is a former CEO of Vedanta Resources and is currently the head of India operations for GFG Alliance. He is on the board of directors of ESL Steel, a division of Vedanta Resources, and Hindustan Construction Company.

Biography

Early life and education
Mahendra Mehta holds a BE degree in mechanical engineering from the MBM Engineering College, University of Jodhpur (now known as Jai Narain Vyas University), Jodhpur and an MBA from the IIM Ahmedabad, India.

Career
Mehta served various positions in the marketing, finance and commercial departments of various companies in the steel industry.

Mehta joined Sterlite Copper, a subsidiary of Vedanta Resources, in April 2000 and served as senior Vice President of copper business from October 2001 to November 2002.

He served as the Chief Executive Officer of Hindustan Zinc Limited (HZL), a subsidiary of Vedanta Resources, from 15 November 2005 to 30 June 2010.

From October 2008 until April 2014, he was the CEO of Vedanta Resources.

Mehta was appointed CEO of Reliance Infrastructure in July 2014. 

In July 2018, he was appointed as the head of India operations for GFG Alliance.

References

1955 births
Living people
Businesspeople from Mumbai
Indian chief executives
Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad alumni
Vedanta Resources
List of NASA cancellations. This is a list of cancellations and terminations made by NASA.

Program terminations
U.S. participation in ExoMars - 2012
Mars Scout Program - 2010
Constellation program - 2010
New Millennium Program - 2009
Project Prometheus - 2005

Additional examples
NASA X-38 (Crew Return Vehicle)- 2002
Lockheed Martin X-33 - 2001
HL-20 Personnel Launch System - 1993

Mission cancellations (developmental)
Gravity and Extreme Magnetism - 2012
International X-ray Observatory - 2011
Terrestrial Planet Finder - 2011
Laser Interferometer Space Antenna - 2011
Space Interferometry Mission - 2010
Mars Telecommunications Orbiter - 2009
Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter - 2005
Europa Orbiter - 2002
Deep Space 3 (a.k.a. Starlight)
Deep Space 4 (a.k.a. Champollion)
Voyager 3 - 1970s
Voyager program (Mars) - 1971

References

See also
List of NASA missions
List of extraterrestrial memorials

Cancellations
NASA
South African Class ES1. The South African Railways Class ES1 of 1924 was an electric locomotive.

In 1924, the South African Railways placed a single Class ES1 battery-powered shunting locomotive in service at the construction site of the Colenso power station. In 1927, the power station and the locomotive were sold to the Electricity Supply Commission and in 1937 the locomotive was purchased back for use at the Daimana (Danskraal) locomotive depot.

Manufacturer
During the electrification of the Glencoe to Pietermaritzburg section of the Natal mainline, a mountainous single-track line which carried heavy mineral traffic towards the port of Durban on an alignment with severe gradients and tight curves, the Colenso power station was built by the South African Railways (SAR) to supply the power for this line.

A single battery-powered electric shunting locomotive, the only battery-powered locomotive to ever see service on the SAR, was purchased from English Electric in 1924 for use at the power station construction site.

Characteristics
The centre-cab locomotive had a Bo wheel arrangement, the two axles being driven by two  traction motors, operating at 235 volts and powered by a 208 cell nickel-iron alkali type battery with a 435 amp-hour capacity.

Service
The locomotive remained in service at the Colenso power station after 1927, when the power station and all its equipment, including the battery locomotive, was sold to the Electricity Supply Commission (ESKOM), the state-owned South African national power corporation.

In 1937, the locomotive was purchased back from ESKOM by the SAR, designated Class ES1 with unit number E123 and stationed at the Daimana (Danskraal) locomotive depot at Ladysmith where it was used as shop shunting engine to move cold steam locomotives and dead electric units. Nicknamed Queen Mary, it was later renumbered to E502. It remained in service at Danskraal until it was withdrawn from service in 1978.

References

2720
2720
English Electric locomotives
Bo locomotives
Cape gauge railway locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1924
1924 in South Africa
Shunting locomotives
Canadian Committee for the Theory of Machines and Mechanisms. The Canadian Committee for the Theory of Machines and Mechanisms (CCToMM) is the Canadian branch of the International Federation for the Promotion of Mechanism and Machine Science (IFToMM).  As with IFToMM, CCToMM is an organization that supports the exchange of researchers and engineers from a wide range of disciplines related to Mechanical Engineering.

Mission
To promote research and development in the field of Machines and Mechanisms by theoretical and experimental methods, along with their practical application.

History
Since its inception in 1971, CCToMM has grown to become an important part of the fabric of Canadian research in the theory of mechanisms and machines (TMM). CCToMM was founded by M.O.M. Osman, Professor of mechanical engineering at Concordia University in Montreal. The committee was fully formed and operating on time for the ASME DETC 1976, which took place in Montreal. CCToMM became affiliated with IFToMM in 1979 and has been a regular member organisation since.

CCToMM has served the Canadian TMM community in both Canadian official languages. For example, presentations at CCToMM symposia are welcome in both the French and English languages.

The succession of CCToMM Chairs is as follows:
 Professor M.O.M. Osman (1971-1992), Concordia University;
 Professor Jorge Angeles (1992-1996), McGill University;
 Professor Louis Cloutier (1996-1999), Université Laval;
 Dr. Jean-Claude Piedboeuf (1999-2003), Canadian Space Agency;
 Professor Ronald Podhorodeski (2003-2011) University of Victoria;
 Professor M. John D. Hayes (2011-2019) Carleton University;
 Professor Scott B. Nokleby (since 2019) Ontario Tech University.

Meetings and events
CCToMM Annual General Meeting - once a year
CCToMM Mechanisms, Machines, and Mechatronics Symposium (CCToMM M³ Symposium) - every odd year since 1999 

The CCToMM M³ Symposium is a single-track conference covering subjects in the areas of Mechanisms, Machines and Mechatronics, thus its name CCToMM M³. During even-numbered years until 2016, the symposium was held within the CSME Congress (formerly known as the CSME Forum) while in odd-numbered years, the symposium is organised as a stand-alone event most often held in Ontario and Quebec. In 2022 CCToMM formed an alliance with the American Committee, known as USCToMM, whereby in even numbered years members of CCToMM are invited to participate in the USCToMM Symposium on Mechanical Systems and Robotics (MSR), while in odd numbered years members of USCToMM are invited to participate in the CCToMM M³ Symposium.

See also
 International Federation for the Promotion of Mechanism and Machine Science

References

External links 
 Official CCToMM website
 Official IFToMM website
 Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering (CSME) website
 Mechanism and Machine Theory website

Organizations established in 1971
Engineering societies based in Canada
1971 establishments in Canada