omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Mercedes Vila. Mercedes Vila Juárez (born 1975) is a Spanish material science researcher. She is the chief technology officer (CTO) and co-founder of BioTech Foods SL.

Path 
Mercedes Vila Juárez Vila was born in Madrid, Spain. graduated in Physics from the Autonomous University of Madrid with a doctorate in Materials Physics, in December 2003.

She did five years of international post-doctoral experience, funded by a Marie Curie Intra-European fellowship and several national programs of investigation, to develop biomaterials surfaces using physical and chemical methods.

In 2008, she incorporated as a Ramón y Cajal Investigator at the faculty of Pharmacy of the Complutense University of Madrid, in one of the most prestigious European groups of Nanomedice and regenerative Tissue engineering, with the funding of an ERG-Marie Curie Action grant (2008–2010). During this period, she developed materials for the reconstruction of the loss of bone mass, with what promised to improve the quality of life of patients with some injuries, and pathologies such as bone cancer or osteoporosis.

Her work has focused on understanding materials-cells interactions, and the design and applications of nanoparticles based on graphene oxide for cancer hyperthermia. .

In November 2010, she was awarded, with four other scientists (Isabel Lastres Becker, Ana Briones Alonso, Elena Ramírez Parra and María Antonia Herrero), the L'Oréal-UNESCO Awards for Women in Science, with an endowment of €15000 to reward the work, for women younger than 40 years, to support woman in science.

In 2013, she was Principal Investigator at the University of Aveiro, becoming laboratory coordinator for applications of carbon in nanomedicine. In 2015, while keeping her appointment as professor at the University of Aveiro, she transferred to industry in 2015 as Scientific Director of Coating Technologies S.L.-CTECHnano,

She co-founded BioTech Foods in February 2017, being the CTO of the company.

Awards 
 2006: Marie Curie IntraEuropean Fellowship. European Commission
 2008: Marie Curie Reintegration Grant. European Commission
 2010: Women in Science Award. L'Oreal Foundation-UNESCO
 2017: Marie Curie Society & Enterprise. European Commission

See also 

 List of female scientists in the 21st century
 List of Spanish inventors and discoverers

References

External links 
 

Spanish women physicists
Spanish physicists
1975 births
Living people
Scientists from Madrid
Academic staff of the Complutense University of Madrid
Raja V. Ramani. Raja V. Ramani is an Indian-American scientist and Professor of Mining Engineering.  He is best known for improvements in the health and safety of miners through a better understanding of the nature and control of airborne particulates.

Biography 
Ramani received his bachelor's degree from Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad.  In 1968 he completed his M.S., and in 1970 he earned his Ph.D. from Penn State University.  He has been a member of the faculty of Penn State University since 1970.  In 1998, he was appointed to the George H. Jr. and Anne B. Deike Chair in Mining Engineering.

In 2005, Ramani was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering for improvements in the health and safety of miners through a better understanding of the nature and control of airborne particulates.

In 2014, Ramani was selected as the Fulbright-Nehru Distinguished Chair to the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur.

References

Living people
Pennsylvania State University alumni
Pennsylvania State University faculty
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
Fulbright Distinguished Chairs
Year of birth missing (living people)
Musharrof Husain Khan. Musharrof Husain Khan (also M. H. Khan; born 17 July 1933) is a former Bangladeshi academic. He served as the 5th vice-chancellor of Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology. Also he served as first vice-chancellor of Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology.

Education and career
Khan passed matriculation examination from State High School in Rajnandgaon in 1949 and intermediate examination from Dhaka College in 1951. He earned his bachelor's in mechanical engineering from Ahsanullah Engineering College in 1955. He received master's and Ph.D. from Texas A&M University in 1962 and 1964 respectively.

Khan joined as a lecturer at Ahsanullah Engineering College in December 1956. He served as the vice-chancellor of Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology from April 1987 to April 1991. He also served as a vice-chancellor of Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology.

References

1933 births
Living people
People from Dhaka
Dhaka College alumni
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology alumni
Academic staff of Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
Texas A&M University alumni
Vice-chancellors of Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology
Academic staff of Ahsanullah University of Science and Technology
ROKS Ulsan (FF-951). ROKS Ulsan (FF-951) is the lead ship of the Ulsan-class frigate in the Republic of Korea Navy. She is named after the city, Ulsan.

Development 

In the early 1990s, the Korean government plan for the construction of next generation coastal ships named Frigate 2000 was scrapped due to the 1997 Asian financial crisis. But the decommissioning of the  destroyers and the aging fleet of Ulsan-class frigates, the plan was revived as the Future Frigate eXperimental, also known as FFX in the early 2000s. 

10 ships were launched and commissioned from 1980 to 1993. They have 3 different variants which consists of Flight I, Flight II and Flight III.

Construction and career 
ROKS Ulsan was launched on 8 April 1980 by Hyundai Heavy Industries and commissioned on 30 December 1980.

She was decommissioned on 30 December 2014 and placed above ground in Ulsan City as a museum ship.

References

External links

1980 ships
Ulsan-class frigates
Frigates of the Republic of Korea Navy
Museum ships in South Korea
Ships built by Hyundai Heavy Industries Group
ROKS Masan (FF-955). ROKS Masan (FF-955) is the fourth ship of the Ulsan-class frigate in the Republic of Korea Navy. She is named after the city, Masan.

Development 

In the early 1990s, the Korean government plan for the construction of next generation coastal ships named Frigate 2000 was scrapped due to the 1997 Asian financial crisis. But the decommissioning of the  destroyers and the aging fleet of Ulsan-class frigates, the plan was revived as the Future Frigate eXperimental, also known as FFX in the early 2000s. 

10 ships were launched and commissioned from 1980 to 1993. They have 3 different variants which consists of Flight I, Flight II and Flight III.

Construction and career 
ROKS Masan was launched on 26 October 1984 by Hanjin Heavy Industries and commissioned on 20 July 1985.

She was decommissioned on 24 December 2019 and expected to be used as in training exercises.

She is now a museum ship on Gangwha Island in Incheon, South Korea.

References

External links

1984 ships
Ulsan-class frigates
Frigates of the Republic of Korea Navy
Ships built by Hanjin Heavy Industries
PDP-12. The PDP-12 (Programmed Data Processor) is a computer that was created by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) in 1969 and marketed specifically for science and engineering. It is the third in the LINC family and its main uses were for applications in chemistry, applied psychology, patient monitoring and industrial testing. It is the combination of the LINC computer and the PDP-8 and can run programs for either computer. It features a single central processor with two distinct operating modes, each with its own instruction set that allows it to run both computers' programs. A PDP-12 Basic System weighs about .

Because it is the combination of two different computers, it is very versatile. It can be a laboratory-oriented machine with several facilities for I/O, auxiliary storage, and control and sensing for external equipment or a general purpose computer with a flexible I/O capability that can support multiple peripheral devices. The basic package came with dual LINCtape drives, a scope display and I/O ports for interfacing with external laboratory equipment and peripherals. In addition to a display-based OS other software packages were included for data acquisition and display, Fourier analysis and mass spectrometry.

Operating systems
Although an OS/8 variant named OS/12 is the predominant PDP-12 operating system, there were two prior ones:
 LAP6-DIAL (Display Interactive Assembly Language)
 DIAL-MS (Mass Storage; this is an 8K version of LAP6-DIAL)

Production and training
Less than a year after its introduction the PDP-12 already had over 400 orders placed and in total 725 units were manufactured before being discontinued in 1972.

Since it was used as laboratory equipment DEC offered a two-week "hands-on" programming course with the purchase of the computer. Classes were held at the main plant in Maynard, Massachusetts or in Palo Alto, California in the US, and also available in Reading in the United Kingdom, Cologne in Germany or Paris, France.

See also
 LINC
 LINC-8

References

Further reading
Clayton, R. (1970). Comparison of the LINC, LINC-8, and PDP-12 computers. Behavior Research Methods & Instrumentation, 2(2), 76.

Computing by computer model
DEC minicomputers
12-bit computers
Computer-related introductions in 1969
ROKS Jeonnam (FF-957). ROKS Jeonnam (FF-957) is the sixth ship of the Ulsan-class frigate in the Republic of Korea Navy. She is named after the province, Jeonnam.

Development 

In the early 1990s, the Korean government plan for the construction of next generation coastal ships named Frigate 2000 was scrapped due to the 1997 Asian financial crisis. But the decommissioning of the  destroyers and the aging fleet of Ulsan-class frigates, the plan was revived as the Future Frigate eXperimental, also known as FFX in the early 2000s.

10 ships were launched and commissioned from 1980 to 1993. They have 3 different variants which consists of Flight I, Flight II and Flight III.

Construction and career 
ROKS Jeonnam was launched on 19 April 1988 by Hyundai Heavy Industries and commissioned on 17 June 1988.

She participated in RIMPAC 1992.

She participated in RIMPAC 1998.

She participated in RIMPAC 2000.

Decommissioned	30 December 2022.

As of August 2023, the ship was laid up at Mokpo North port awaiting scrapping.

References

External links

1988 ships
Ulsan-class frigates
Frigates of the Republic of Korea Navy
Ships built by Hyundai Heavy Industries Group
ROKS Jeju (FF-958). ROKS Jeju (FF-958) is the seventh ship of the Ulsan-class frigate in the Republic of Korea Navy. She is named after the island, Jeju.

Development 

In the early 1990s, the Korean government plan for the construction of next generation coastal ships named Frigate 2000 was scrapped due to the 1997 Asian financial crisis. But the decommissioning of the  destroyers and the aging fleet of Ulsan-class frigates, the plan was revived as the Future Frigate eXperimental, also known as FFX in the early 2000s. 

10 ships were launched and commissioned from 1980 to 1993. They have 3 different variants which consists of Flight I, Flight II and Flight III.

Construction and career 
ROKS Jeju was launched on 3 May 1988 by Daewoo Shipbuilding and commissioned on 1 January 1990.

She participated in Foal Eagle 2015.

Decommissioned	30 December 2022

References

External links

1988 ships
Ulsan-class frigates
Frigates of the Republic of Korea Navy
Ships built by Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering
ROKS Busan (FF-959). ROKS Busan (FF-959) is the eighth ship of the Ulsan-class frigate in the Republic of Korea Navy. She is named after the city, Busan.

Development 

In the early 1990s, the Korean government plan for the construction of next generation coastal ships named Frigate 2000 was scrapped due to the 1997 Asian financial crisis. But the decommissioning of the  destroyers and the aging fleet of Ulsan-class frigates, the plan was revived as the Future Frigate eXperimental, also known as FFX in the early 2000s. 

10 ships were launched and commissioned from 1980 to 1993. They have 3 different variants which consists of Flight I, Flight II and Flight III.

Construction and career 
ROKS Busan was launched on 20 February 1992 by Hyundai Heavy Industries and commissioned on 1 January 1993.

On 31 May 2014, USS Wayne E. Meyer, ROKS Busan and Prairial underwent together in a joint exercise off Busan.

References

External links

1992 ships
Ulsan-class frigates
Frigates of the Republic of Korea Navy
Ships built by Hyundai Heavy Industries Group
Hydrodynamic scour. Hydrodynamic scour is the removal of sediment such as silt, sand and gravel from around the base of obstructions to the flow in the sea, rivers and canals. Scour, caused by fast flowing water, can carve out scour holes, compromising the integrity of a structure. It is an interaction between the hydrodynamics and the geotechnical properties of the substrate. It is a notable cause of bridge failure and a problem with most marine structures supported by the seabed in areas of significant tidal and ocean current. It can also affect biological ecosystems and heritage assets.

Mechanism

Any obstruction within flowing water will produce changes in velocity within the water column. The flow changes that occur in the vicinity of the substrate may cause differential movement in the bed materials near the obstruction. The magnitude of these changes varies with stream velocity, feature shape and substrate character. Generally the stream bed is deepened at the upstream end of the obstruction, and the material removed from the substrate is usually deposited in the sheltered areas behind or adjacent to the obstruction where the local velocity is sufficiently reduced. In conditions of high stream velocities, mobile bed materials, and poorly streamlined structures scour depths can be quite deep.

See also
Bridge scour
Tidal scour
Kolk_(vortex)

References

Erosion
Fluvial geomorphology
Hydraulic_engineering
Alex Greaney. Peter Alexander Greaney (born 1975) is a former University Boat Race cox.

Profile
Whilst in education at Abingdon School he gained colours for the Abingdon School Boat Club and became a Great Britain Junior International in 1993. After leaving Abingdon in 1994 he attended St Edmund Hall, Oxford at the University of Oxford studying Metallurgy and joined the St Edmund Hall Boat Club. He is currently Assistant Professor of Materials Science at the Department of Mechanical, Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering at
Oregon State University.

Rowing
In 1997 he was selected as the cox for the Oxford dark blue boat at the world renowned Boat Race but finished on the losing side. A second appearance as cox in 1998 ensued but Oxford once again lost.

See also
 List of Old Abingdonians

References

1975 births
Living people
People educated at Abingdon School
British male rowers
English male rowers
List of genetic engineering software. This article provides a list of genetic engineering software.

Cloud-based freemium software
 Varstation NGS variants processing and analysis tool
 BaseSpace Variant Interpreter by Illumina

Closed-source software
 VectorBee
 PeptiCloud
 BlueTractorSoftware DNADynamo
 Agilent Technologies RFLP Decoder Software, Fish Species
 Applied Biosystems GeneMapper
 Joint BioEnergy Institute j5
 CLC bio CLC DNA Workbench Software
 CLC bio CLC Free Workbench Software
 CLC bio CLC Sequence Viewer
 CLC bio Protein Workbench Software
 DNASTAR Lasergene
 Geneious
 LabVantage Solutions Inc. LabVantage Sapphire
 LabVantage Solutions Inc. LV LIMS
 Mega2
 SnapGene
 The GeneRecommender

Open-source software
Autodesk Genetic Constructor (suspended)
BIOFAB Clotho BIOFAB Edition
 BIOFAB BIOFAB Studio
 EGF Codons and EGF CUBA (Collection of Useful Biological Apps) by the Edinburgh Genome Foundry
 Integrative Genomics Viewer (part of Google Genomics)
 Mengqvist's DNApy

See also
 Geppetto (3D engine); an open-source 3D engine for genetic engineering-related functions;also used in the OpenWorm project

Software
E
Genetic
FS Class E.320. The FS Class E.320 was a class of Italian third rail electric locomotive built between 1915 and 1918. Five units were built and they saw service on the Varese - Milan - Porto Ceresio line. They were powered by two direct current electric motors, designed by Tecnomasio Italiano-Brown-Boveri (TIBB), giving a maximum speed of . The final assembly and the mechanical design were by Officine Meccaniche (OM). At the time of their construction they were the most powerful direct current locomotives in the world. The transmission of the motion to the three axles was by connecting rods and these were subject to frequent breakages. 

The locomotives were soon replaced by Class E.321.

Sources

External links 

 Page at leferrovie.it  

650 V DC locomotives
1′C1′ locomotives
E.320
Railway locomotives introduced in 1915
TIBB locomotives
OM locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Italy

Freight locomotives
FS Class E.321. The Class E.321 was an Italian shunting locomotive built from 1959 to 1964. The similar Class E.322 used the same chassis and electric power plan but had no cabin, and was coupled with E.321 to give more output.  Both classes were in service with the Ferrovie dello Stato from 1960 until 2002.

These locomotives were the base for the E.323 and E.324 classes, which used the same electric part but with a new mechanic one. The E.321/322s were phased out starting from the late 1980s, being replaced by the diesel shunters D.145, which could also be used for hauling light/medium weight freight trains.

Sources

External links 

 Page at leferrovie.it  

3000 V DC locomotives
C locomotives
E.321
Railway locomotives introduced in 1959
TIBB locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Italy
Shunting locomotives
Niranjan Das Gulhati. Niranjan Das Gulhati was an Indian civil engineer, water resources consultant and writer, known for his mediation in the Indus Waters Treaty of 1960 between India and Pakistan. His contributions were reported in the formation of the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID), a non governmental organization that promotes transfer of water sharing technologies between countries. An Alumnus of the Thomason College of Engineering (present-day Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee), he was associated with the World Bank, International Development Association and United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. He was the author of two books, Indus Waters Treaty: An Exercise in International Mediation and Data Of High Dams In India. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1961, for his contributions to society.

His life story has been documented in a book, The Untiring Indian - Lifestory of Mr. N. D. Gulhati - A Visionary Water Resources Engineer, published in 2011. The International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage has instituted an annual oration, N.D. Gulhati Memorial Lecture for International Cooperation in Irrigation and Drainage in his honor.

See also 
 Indus Waters Treaty
 International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage

References

External links

Further reading 
 

Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in civil service
1904 births
Year of death missing
Indian civil engineers
Water resource management in India
Indian technology writers
IIT Roorkee alumni
20th-century Indian engineers
20th-century Indian biographers
Business aircraft. Business aircraft are aircraft typically used by companies and corporations to transport people or goods related to the needs of said businesses. Most business aircraft are general aviation aircraft variants of piston or turboprop  or business jets.

General aviation

Piston
With the growth of general aviation in the 1930s companies started to purchase single and twin-engined aircraft for business use.

A need to move goods and equipment made use of different general aviation aircraft and surplus military transports. In 1963 in the United Kingdom the Maidenhead Organ Studios purchased a twin-engined Beagle B.206 to allow them to deliver electronic organs.

Turboprop
For the first half of 2018, while business jets deliveries were relatively flat, new turboprops were up 10%, pressurized ones were up 12%, and King Airs were up 30%.
Charter membership Wheels Up, operated by Gama Aviation, saw its flight hours surge by % and expanded its fleet from 99 to 117 with most of the new aircraft being examples of the Beechcraft King Air 350i.
From a fleet of 63 King Airs in 2017, Wheels Up is aiming for a fleet of 1,000 serving 75,000 members in North America and Europe by 2030.

The first single-engine business turboprop was the ,  Socata TBM first delivered in August 1990, followed by the  Pilatus PC-12 certificated in March 1994 with a larger cabin than a King Air 200.
Piper was next with the cheaper,  Piper Meridian M500 debuted in September 2000, then the  M600, and the Epic E1000, faster than the TBM, and the Cessna Denali, competing with the PC-12, should follow soon.
By May 2019, more than 3,000 single turboprops had been delivered: over 780 TBMs, over 1,600 PC-12s and over 700 turboprop Meridians.

Jet engine

The first jet aircraft to be used as a business aircraft was the four-seat Morane-Saulnier MS.760 Paris based on military requirements as a liaison aircraft. It was followed by the four-engined Lockheed JetStar in 1957, although it was also designed to meet military requirements it was ordered by corporations like Gulf Oil, Continental Oil and  Ford Motor Company. It was later followed in the mid-sixties by bespoke business jets like the six passenger Learjet 23 and the eight-passenger De Havilland DH.125.

They were followed in 1966 by larger 19-seat aircraft like the Gulfstream II based on the earlier turboprop Gulfstream I. The first generation of business jets provided speed and altitude but not the range and comfort that a larger cabin volume would give. Early Gulfstream IIs were delivered to Coca-Cola Company and Gillete. The first single-engine jet used for business use was the Cirrus Vision SF50, first delivered in December 2016.

Airliners

Companies also operate airliners or freight aircraft, either new aircraft such as the Boeing BBJ family or former airliners like the Boeing 727 or Boeing 757.

Helicopters

With the introduction of more reliable helicopters at the end of the Second World War like the Bell 47 companies started to purchase them for executive and staff travel.

References

Bibliography
L. Venkatakrishna Iyer. L. Venkatakrishna Iyer was an Indian civil engineer and the Chief Engineer of the Public Works Department of the State of Tamil Nadu. It was Iyer who did the survey and submitted the initial proposal for building a reservoir across Godavari River near Polavaram in 1941 which was later commissioned as Polavaram Project. An alumnus of the Town Higher Secondary School, Kumbakonam, he was among the few who assisted Chinnaswami Rajam in founding Madras Institute of Technology (MIT) and sat on the core committee which oversaw the establishment of the institution. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1961, for his contributions to society.

See also 
 Chinnaswami Rajam
 Town Higher Secondary School
 Polavaram Project

References 

Recipients of the Padma Bhushan in civil service
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Indian civil engineers
Water resource management in India
Engineers from Tamil Nadu
20th-century Indian engineers