omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Station box. A station box is a term in the construction industry: It describes a box-like underground structure for a transportation system, for example a metro or tube station.

Station boxes are built in two methods – "top-down" or "bottom-up". In the "bottom-up" method, a chamber as large as the station structure is dug into the ground into which the station is built. Poured concrete or pre-cast panels are then used to form the various levels and internal structures, similar to the construction of the underground basements of high rise buildings. When the construction is complete, this station box is covered again up to the street level.

In the "top-down" method, a depth is excavated, a concrete slab is laid, and then excavation continues downwards to the base of the station box. At the end of excavation, a similar result to the "bottom-up" method is obtained – with the concrete slabs and supports for the various levels of the station already constructed.

When building an underground transportation system using tunnel boring machines (TBM), the station box can be built before or after the TBM goes through that area. If the station box is created after the TBM has passed through, the tunnel built by the TBM would be replaced by the station box. If the station box is built before the TBM passes through, the TBM would drill through the side of the station box, would have to be moved to the other side of the station box where it would restart the tunnel boring process.

Station box construction methods have been used in a wide variety of subway and metro projects. Examples include Crossrail in London, UK; the Toronto–York Spadina Subway Extension in Toronto, Canada; Sydney Metro in Sydney, Australia and the Thomson–East Coast Line in Singapore.

Occasionally, station boxes are left uncovered, such as at Stratford International in London, UK – which is located in "Stratford Box", a  concrete-sided cutting.

The lowest level – where the platform for the arriving and departing trains is – is called the "platform level". Often another underground level – the "concourse level" – is placed on top of the platform level. This level may contain ticket vending machines, offices, the station master room, technical rooms, stores and shops, and other station facilities.

References

External links 
 
 
 

Subterranean rapid transit
Railway stations
Deliberatorium. A deliberatorium or collaboratorium is a form of online collaborative argument mapping. It was first deployed as the MIT Collaboratorium, and directed at the question of climate change.

History

In December 2008,  Center for Collective Intelligence at the MIT Mark Klein tested a prototype of the collaboratorium at the University of Naples featuring a 200 student debate on biofuels.

Features

Deliberatoriums work by deploying a website which allows the public to post the latest scientific results about climate change. Once done, people can debate how to get rid of carbon emissions which is how politicians get feedback on public opinion.

The site operates similar to Wikipedia for authoritative reports but with a more structured, organized debate featuring an argument tree. These reports for the site come from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

See also 
 Collaborative software

References

External links 
 

Argument mapping
Collaborative software
Political science
Tempest 23. The Tempest 23 is an American trailerable sailboat designed in 1962 by Philip Rhodes and Richard D. Carlson.

Production
The design was built by the O'Day Corp. in the United States from 1964 to 1968, with 390 boats built, but it is now out of production.

Design
The Tempest 23 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass, with wood trim. It has a masthead sloop rig, a spooned raked stem; a raised counter, angled transom; a skeg-mounted rudder controlled by a tiller and a fixed fin keel. It displaces  and carries  of ballast.

The sail plan consists of a 115.00 sq. ft. mainsail, 113.10 sq. ft. jib and 339.00 sq. ft. spinnaker. It can be sailed with a Tri-radial headsail.

The boat is normally fitted with a small  outboard motor for docking and maneuvering.

The design has sleeping accommodation for two people, with a double "V"-berth in the bow cabin. The galley is located on the port side just forward of the companionway ladder. The galley is equipped with a two-burner stove. The head is located opposite the galley on the straboard side. Cabin headroom is .

The design has a PHRF racing average handicap of 258 and a hull speed of .

Operational history
In a 2010 review Steve Henkel wrote, "the O'Day Tempest 23 (not to be confused with the similarly named O'Day International Tempest, an open-cockpit racing machine) is a classic, attractive, and wholesome design for basic overnight cruising. Best features: Relatively long overhangs and low freeboard give this boat a sleek, graceful look typical of Philip Rhodes' designs. Flotation under cockpit sole and V-berth is a good safety feature. Her broader beam and deeper draft compared to the Cape Cod Marlin ... help to make her more weatherly and stiff, despite the Marlin’s heavier but closer-to-the-surface ballast. On the other hand, the two Pearson comp[etitors]s [the Pearson 23 Sloop and Pearson 23 Cat] surpass the Tempest in weatherliness and stiffness for the same reasons. Worst features: Her keel is iron rather than lead, requiring diligent maintenance to prevent deterioration from rust. Lack of a good place to put a portable cooler keeps her from qualifying as more than a basic overnighter, and overall space below is less than all her comp[etitor]s, partly due to her reduced headroom. She is known to sail slower than her PHRF rating,"

See also

 Day Sailer
 Dolphin 24
 Finn
 Firefly
 Flying Dutchman

References

Further reading
 
  has material on this boat.
 O'Day Sailboats and Yachts from Bangor Punta Catalog: GG Archives

External links

 
 O'Day Tempest 23' Restoration and Information Site
 Oday 23 Sailboat Photo Gallery
 O'Day Tempest Owner Reviews

Keelboats
1960s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Trailer sailers
Sailboat type designs by Philip Rhodes
Sailboat types built by O'Day Corp.
Northwest Ranger. The Northwest Ranger was a Canadian bush aircraft that was under development by Northwest Industries (NWI) of Edmonton, Alberta between 1968 and 1972. The aircraft was a type certified design, and intended to be supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Design and development
The Ranger was a development of the Aermacchi AL-60, which itself was based upon the Lockheed Model 60. NWI established its reputation as an aircraft overhauler and maintenance facility, but decided to enter the aircraft manufacturing business by buying the rights to the AL-60 in 1968.

The aircraft featured a strut-braced high-wing, a six to eight seat enclosed cabin and optional fixed tricycle landing gear, conventional landing gear, floats or skis and a single engine in tractor configuration. The Ranger differed from the AL-60 in having main landing gear leg fairings and Hoerner wing tips.

The Ranger's wing employed large flaps. Approved floats were Edo Aircraft Corporation models and both straight skis and Genaire Limited Canada Fluidyne Engineering wheel skis could also be fitted. Cabin access was through the small left front pilot door or a large cabin passenger and freight door.

The initial version proposed used the  Lycoming IO-720 A1A engine, but this did not provide adequate float performance and in 1970 was replaced by a  Lycoming IO-720 B1A powerplant and the version termed the Ranger C-6 to distinguish it from the last production Aermacchi AL-60C-5 model. The increased power gave a take-off distance to  of  and a landing distance from  of .

With the  engine the aircraft had an empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload was .

The initial version was prototyped in 1968 but a long period of performance and user trials followed which resulted in design changes and the improved C-6 model, prior to production commencing. Development had ended by 1972, but it is not clear how many were completed, although at least four bore Canadian registration at one time. The fate of the NWI prototype CF-XED is not known and it is likely that no Rangers exist today. As of September 2013 none remain registered with Transport Canada or with the Federal Aviation Administration in the United States.

Variants
Ranger
Initial proposed version with  Lycoming IO-720 A1A engine. Generally similar to the Italian Aermacchi AL-60C-5 model.
Ranger C-6
Improved proposed version with an upgraded  Lycoming IO-720 B1A engine.

Specifications (Ranger)

References

External links
Photo of the Ranger production line
Photo of the Ranger prototype

Single-engined tractor aircraft
1960s Canadian civil utility aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Ranger
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Ji Chen. Ji Chen is an American nuclear physicist who invented an image analysis software application.

Biography
Ji Chen got his PhD from the Georgia Institute of Technology in 2003 and the same year was employed by Emory University where he invented an image analysis software program which can automatically calculate the prognosis of heart failure in patients by using left-ventricular dyssynchrony. In 2006 he was awarded the GE Healthcare Research Award from the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology and in 2009 got a grant from both the National Institute of Health and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Currently he has written 40 articles and held 28 lectures.

References

21st-century American physicists
Living people
Date of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)
The Princess and the Robot. The Princess and the Robot () is a 1984 Brazilian animated film based on the Monica's Gang comic books. It was the second film based on Monica's Gang and the first to present an original story, since the other movies are just episodes of the cartoon, until the movie Uma Aventura no Tempo of 2007.

Plot 
In a small heart-shaped planet, there is a pulsating star that ends up shooting through space and lands on another planet, called Carrotland (Cenourano, in the original), striking a robot that is passionate about the princess of the kingdom where he lives: Princess Mimi.

The Robot (called Little Robot by the characters) disputes the love of the princess through a tournament against many opponent. Among them is Lord Raider (Lorde Coelhão), a space traveler in search of fortune and wealth. The tournament ends with a tie between Raider and the Robot, and the famous coin toss is made, where the player chooses between heads or tails. Lord Raider chooses tails and Little Robot chooses heads, so the coin is tossed.

The Robot wins the match, but Lord Raider, jealous, says that the little robot can not be the new boyfriend of the Princess, as he doesn't have a real heart. The King agrees, but says that the robot has a chance to win the love of the Princess: The robot must go to where the star is pulsating, pick it up and put it inside his engine to have a true heart.

The King gives a small amount of time for the robot to reach the star; if he does not return before his time is up, Lord Raider will marry the princess instead.

After that the robot walks without knowing what to do in the streets of the kingdom when he is attacked by Lord Raider, which uses its radius packer (a kind of weapon that packs victims when it is released) and transforms it into a gift box.

That done, Lord Raider sends his assistants to leave the package in a place far from Carrotland. The robot assistants (led by Bugeye, a species of dragonfly, accomplice of Lord Raider) decide to throw the package on Planet Earth, where it falls near the backyard of Jimmy Five. The impact of the fall is so strong, that the noise sounds like a blast. Monica and her friends hear the noise and runs to the direction of the package, open and release the Little Robot, that tells how he came to Earth. After the story is told, the gang decides to help him, asking Franklin to build a ship. But they do not know Bugeye had fallen along with the package and was listening to all the talk of the gang hiding behind a rock. He warns Lord Raider that the children will help the Robot find his heart.

Voice cast
 André Luis as the Robot
 Marli Bortoletto as Monica
 Angélica Santos as Jimmy Five
 Elza Gonçalves as Maggy
 Paulo Camargo as Smugde
 Denise Simonetto as Angel
 Araquem Saldanha as Lord Raider
 Flora Maria Fernandes as Princess Mimi
 Orlando Vigiani Filho as Franklin
 Marthus Matias as the King of Carrotland

References

External links
 
  (Full movie in the official Youtube channel)

1984 films
1984 animated films
Animated comedy films
Brazilian animated science fiction films
Monica and Friends films
Animated films based on comics
1980s Brazilian films
Jo van Nunen. Johannes Arnoldus Elizabeth Emmanuel van Nunen (23 December 1945 – 12 May 2010) was a Dutch engineer, management consultant, and Professor of Logistics at the Erasmus University Rotterdam, and expert in the field of logistics, Supply Chain Management and Operations Research.

Biography 
Born in Venlo, Van Nunen studied Applied Mathematics at the Eindhoven University of Technology, where he received his MA in 1971. There in 1976 he also received his PhD under supervision of Jaap Wessels with a thesis entitled "Contracting Markov decision processes". 

After graduating in 1976, Van Nunen started his academic career in Eindhoven as associate professor. In 1978 he was visiting professor at North Carolina State University in the US for one year. In 1984 he was appointed professor at the Interuniversity Institute of Business Administration in Delft. In the late 1980s this institute was merged into the Erasmus University Rotterdam, and is now  Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University. Among his PhD students was Walther Ploos van Amstel.

Van Nunen had been part-time management consultant at Deloitte from 1989 to 2006, and had founded his own consultancy firm in 2006. He was board member of the Vereniging Logistiek Management for many year, and was just elected president in 2009. He participated in the EICB (Expertise- en InnovatieCentrum Binnenvaart), and he was one of the founders of the Dinalog (Dutch Institute for Advanced Logistics) research institute in Breda. In 2007 he was awarded the IBM Faculty Award for all his scientific work. 

Jo van Nunen died from cardiac arrest 12 May 2010 in Vancouver, Canada, where he had been attending a scientific congress.

Publications  
Van Nunen authored and co-authored many publications in the fields of logistics, Supply Chain Management and Operations Research. Books, a selection:
 Nunen, Jo van, Contracting Markov decision processes. PhD thesis Eindhoven University of Technology, 1976.
 Nunen, Jo van & Jacques Benders. Een decision support systeem voor locatie en allocatie problemen bij een drankenconcern, 1982.
 Nunen, Jo van & Jacob Wijngaard (eds.). Personeelplanning : theorie en praktijk, Alphen aan den Rijn : Samsom, 1983.
 Nunen, Jo van. Beslissings-ondersteunende systemen : een blijvende uitdaging.. Inaugural lecture, Interuniversitair Instituut Bedrijfskunde, 1984.
 Nunen, Jo van, Hans van der Heijden & Rene Wagenaar. Organisational redesign through telecommunications exploring authority shifts in agency relationships, 1993..
 Nunen, Jo van & Leonard Verspui. SimLog: simulatie en logistiek rond de haven, 1999.

References

External links 
 Professor Jo van Nunnen passes, rsm.nl, Monday, May 17 2010
 Jo van Nunen (1945-2010) by Walther Ploos van Amstel. (in Dutch)
 Bruggenbouwer' prof. Jo van Nunen overleden at logistiek.nl (in Dutch)

1945 births
2010 deaths
Dutch engineers
Dutch operations researchers
Eindhoven University of Technology alumni
Academic staff of the Eindhoven University of Technology
North Carolina State University faculty
Academic staff of Erasmus University Rotterdam
Deloitte people
People from Venlo
Zorya-Mashproekt. Zorya-Mashproekt () is a research and production complex that specializes in a gas turbine construction. The complex is located in the city of Mykolaiv, Ukraine and is part of the Ukrainian Defense Industries (Ukroboronprom) state corporation.

History
The idea of creating a factory in production of steam turbines in Ukraine arose soon after World War II. On July 9, 1946 the Soviet government adopted a decision on establishing of the factory in Mykolaiv, while the city authorities found a spot in the southeastern suburbs of the city near a military airfield Kulbakine. The preparatory works started out in March 1948, while the construction stretched out for the next five years. Initially the factory was called the Southern Turbine Plant.

Following the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, the Ukrainians refused to supply the Russian Navy with marine gas turbines from Zorya-Mashproekt, and so NPO Saturn has been commissioned to design new engines for the Admiral Gorshkov and Admiral Grigorovich-class frigates.

During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the factory began assembling anti-tank hedgehog barriers to assist in the defense of Mykolaiv. Employees formed a territorial defense unit to maintain law and order within the factory. The factory was shelled on 13 March.

Bharat Forge, an Indian company, bought a 51% share in Zorya Mashproekt India Private Limited. On 9 May 2023, Kalyani Strategic Systems, which is fully owned by Bharat Forge, signed the acquisition agreement. The acquisition process was finished on 31 December 2023.

See also
 FC Torpedo Mykolaiv
 Ivchenko-Progress
 Russian destroyer Admiral Levchenko

References

External links
 Official website (English version)
 Zorya-Mashproekt at the military exhibition in Russia. "Military Panorama".
 Baklin, D. Zorya, Gazprom, and Russian Navy. December 11, 2012.

Defence companies of the Soviet Union
Manufacturing companies established in 1953
Defence companies of Ukraine
1953 establishments in Ukraine
Gas turbine manufacturers
Companies based in Mykolaiv
Engine manufacturers of Ukraine
Ukrainian brands
Engine manufacturers of the Soviet Union
Ukroboronprom
Research institutes in the Soviet Union
Indian locomotive class WDM-1. The WDM-1 was the first class of wide gauge (W), diesel-powered (D), mixed-load (M) locomotive, meant for hauling both freight and passenger trains. These are also the first mainline diesel engines imported after Independence. They were even the fastest diesel locomotives till the advent of WDM-2 and WDM-4. They used to haul ore/freight trains on SER. In the end, they were relegated to shunting/piloting duties or hauling sugarcane freight trains. All locomotives of this class have been withdrawn from service. One unit, #17000, is preserved at National Rail Museum, Delhi.

Trains hauled by WDM-1
 Howrah–Chennai Mail 
 Kakinada Madras Circar Express 
 Guntur Waltair Simhadri Express

See also

 Indian Railways
List of diesel locomotives of India
Indian locomotive class WDM-2

References

M-1
Co-Co locomotives
ALCO locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1957
5 ft 6 in gauge locomotives
Bikaner Technical University. Bikaner Technical University (BTU) is a technical state university located in Bikaner, Rajasthan, India. BTU is based in the campus of the College of Engineering & Technology, Bikaner in Karni Industrial Area, Bikaner, approximately  from New Delhi. It was established in 2017 with jurisdiction over technical institutes in Bikaner division, Jodhpur division, Nagaur district in Ajmer division and districts Alwar, Sikar and Jhunjhunu in Jaipur division, affiliating 69 engineering and management colleges which were formerly affiliated to Rajasthan Technical University.

Notable affiliated colleges 
 B.K. Birla Institute of Engineering & Technology
 Government Engineering College Bikaner
 Government Engineering College, Ajmer
 Government Mahila Engineering College
 Jodhpur Institute of Engineering and Technology
 Laxmi Devi Institute of Engineering and Technology
 Mayurakshi Institute of Engineering & Technology
 Raj Engineering College
 S.L.B.S Engineering College
 Saint Margaret Engineering College
 Modern Institute Of Technology and Research Centre
 G.D. Memorial College of Management & Technology

References

External links 
 

Universities and colleges in Bikaner
Universities in Rajasthan
Educational institutions established in 2013
2013 establishments in Rajasthan
State Research and Design Shipbuilding Center. State Research and Design Shipbuilding Center () is a design bureau specializing in shipbuilding and located in Mykolaiv, Ukraine. It is part of the Ukrainian Defense Industries state corporation.

History
Established in 1975 as a regional division of the Northern Planning and Design Bureau (Severnoe PDB, Leningrad) known as the 61st department. 

During dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1990, it was transformed into the Southern Planning and Design Burea (Yuzhnoe PDB, Mykolaiv).

After the succession of Ukraine from the Soviet Union in 1992, the company became a major state design bureau, the State Research and Design Shipbuilding Center located in a seaport of Ukraine, Mykolaiv next to several shipyards.

Other design bureaus
 Central Design Bureau "Chornomorets" (1949–2018), Sevastopol

Projects

Warships
 Tornado-class frigate (Wele Nzas frigate for Equatorial Guinea)
 Amazonia-class corvette
 Neptun-class corvette
 Muson-class corvette
 Volodymyr Velykyi-class corvette
 Hajduk-class corvette (Ukrainian continuation of the Soviet Grisha-class corvette)
 Hajduk-M class corvette
 Project RS655 class corvette
 Karakal-class small corvette
 Triton-class landing ship
 BPS-500-class missile boat

Smaller crafts
 Gurza-class boat
 Gyurza-M class artillery boats
 Centaur-class fast assault craft
 Lan-class missile boats (sold to Vietnam; see TT-400TP gunboat)
 Project Pearl-fac class fast attack craft
 Dozor-class offshore patrol vessel
 Bryz-40M class patrol boats
 Bryz-40P class coast guard boats
 Koral-class patrol boat (Ukrainian continuation of the Soviet Stenka-class patrol boat)
 Arho-2000 class search and rescue
 Bobr-class landing craft

References

External links
 Official website
 List of companies in Ukraine specialized in shipbuilding. Ukrainian Defense Industries.
 Brazilian military targets the Ukrainian corvettes. UNIAN. August 1, 2013.
 The first corvette of Ukrainian production will join the Navy before 2017. Ukraine Industrial (portal). September 1, 2013.

Defence companies of the Soviet Union
Design companies established in 1975
Defence companies of Ukraine
Economy of Mykolaiv
1975 establishments in the Soviet Union
Ukroboronprom
Design bureaus
Research institutes in the Soviet Union
Shipbuilding companies of the Soviet Union
J.F. Schouten School for User System Interaction. J.F. Schouten School for User System Interaction is a research institute of the Eindhoven University of Technology dedicated to user interaction with man-made systems, including Human Computer Interaction.

The institute is named after the Dutch physician Prof.dr. Jan Frederik Schouten (1910-1980), who was Professor at the Eindhoven University of Technology from 1958 to 1978 to  It is established by the Department of Technology Management and the Department of Industrial Design at the Technische Universiteit Eindhoven.

The institute maintains research programs and provides a Ph.D program, with a mission to develop and maintain a research program in the area of user-system interaction, and to offer an education program to PhD students who have entered the field.

References 

Human–computer interaction
Research institutes in the Netherlands
Eindhoven University of Technology