omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
EMU3000 series. The EMU3000 series is a series of electric multiple unit trains operated by the Taiwan Railway (TR). The trains are built by the Japanese company Hitachi Rail as inter-city trains and entered passenger service on 29 December 2021.

History 

The EMU3000 series was purchased as part of the Taiwan Railways Administration's (TRA) plan to replace its aging fleet by 2024. That plan called for the purchase of 600 intercity cars, 520 commuter cars (EMU900 series), 102 locomotives, and 60 un-electrified passenger cars. Additionally, the EMU3000 series was expected to increase TRA's service capacity in Eastern Taiwan, where demand for tickets is high and often sell out around major holidays.

Bidding for the intercity trains commenced in October 2018 and saw entries from two companies, Hitachi and Stadler. The TRA announced that Hitachi won the bid in December, and a contract was signed in January 2019 for . The train's design was revealed to the public in November 2020.

The EMU3000 series are assembled in Hitachi's Kasado Plant in Kudamatsu, Yamaguchi Prefecture. While the first group of trains were slated to arrive in June 2021, the COVID-19 pandemic pushed back the trains' delivery. The first train was unloaded in the Port of Hualien on 31 July 2021. The remaining trains are scheduled to arrive by 2024.

Features 
The EMU3000 series runs in a 12-car formation, which is four cars longer than TR's last two intercity EMUs, the TEMU1000 series and the TEMU2000 series, which consist of 8 cars only. The train's exterior is designed around the concept of "silent flow" that is black and white with red accents. The interior of the train contains a total of 538 seats. The EMU3000 has a business class car branded as the Teng-yun Cabinet () with larger seats, charging ports, internet access, and complimentary drinks and snacks.

Unlike its predecessors, the EMU3000 series does not have a tilting mechanism. According to Wang Kwo-tsai, the Minister of Transportation and Communications, improvements to track conditions in the past few years means that the tilting mechanism is unnecessary.

References

External links 
 

Electric multiple units of Taiwan
25 kV AC multiple units
Hitachi multiple units
Mahmut Özer. Mahmut Özer (born 5 May 1970) is a Turkish politician, academic, former Bulent Ecevit University rector, former Measuring, Selection and Placement Center president and former Minister of National Education.

Life
Born in Tokat in 1970, Özer graduated from Tokat Imam Hatip High School in 1988. He graduated from Istanbul Technical University Electronics and Communication Engineering Department in 1992. After working as an Electronics Engineer at Dalaman Airport, General Directorate of State Airports Authority between 1992 and 1994, he worked as a lecturer at Gaziosmanpaşa University Tokat Vocational School between 1994 and 2002.

Having completed his doctorate at Karadeniz Technical University, Institute of Science, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering in 2001, Özer started to work as an assistant professor at Zonguldak Karaelmas University (Bülent Ecevit University) Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering in 2002. He received the title of associate professor in 2005 and professor in 2010 at the same university. While he has been working as the vice rector since 2009, he was appointed as the rector of Zonguldak Karaelmas University after he came first in the rectorate elections held in 2010. Özer, who also won the rectorate elections in 2014, was re-elected. He was appointed as the rector of Bulent Ecevit University.

Between 1 August 2015 and 1 August 2016 he served as the President of the Interuniversity Board. He continued his duty as the chief editor of the Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering & Computer Sciences, which was published by Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey and scanned within the scope of Science Citation Index (SCI) since October 2014, and as the Deputy Chairman of the Vocational Qualifications Institution as the Council of Higher Education representative from 15 October 2015. He was appointed as the Deputy Minister of National Education on 8 August 2018.

He was appointed as the Minister of National Education, replacing Ziya Selçuk, with the appointment decision published in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Turkey on 6 August 2021.

In the 2023 Turkish parliamentary election, he was elected to the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in Ordu for the Justice and Development Party.

References

1970 births
Living people
Ministers of national education of Turkey
Members of the 66th government of Turkey
Turkish engineering academics
Turkish electrical engineers
Members of the 28th Parliament of Turkey
Justice and Development Party (Turkey) politicians
Deputies of Ordu
Charles R. Steele. Charles Richard Steele (August 15, 1933 – December 9, 2021) was an American Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics and of Mechanical Engineering at Stanford University.

Steele was known for his work analyzing stresses and deformation of beams, membranes, and shells, and for modeling and analyzing the mechanics of the cochlea (on which he has published over 50 scientific papers).  In 1995, he was elected to the National Academy of Engineering, "For contributions to the theory of thin shells, to understanding of human hearing, and to bioengineering."

He received his B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Texas A&M in 1956, and Ph.D. in Engineering Mechanics under Wilhelm Flügge at Stanford in 1960.

References

External links
Profile at Stanford University

1933 births
2021 deaths
American mechanical engineers
Auditory scientists
Space Delta 11. Space Delta 11 (DEL 11) is a United States Space Force unit responsible for space range and aggressor. It conducts live and virtual training and operations for test and training requirements. It was established on 23 August, 2021 following the establishment of the Space Training and Readiness Command (STARCOM), the field command to which it reports.  It is temporarily headquartered at Schriever Space Force Base, Colorado. Its final location requires a base selection process and the Department of the Air Force's preferred option is Kirtland Air Force Base, New Mexico.

A ceremony was held on 30 August 2021 to recognize the delta's activation.

Structure 
DEL 11 is one of five deltas that reports to the Space Training and Readiness Command. It is composed of five subordinate units, two that were transferred from the United States Air Force and three that were created after the activation STARCOM.

List of commanders

References

External links 

 Fact Sheet

Deltas of the United States Space Force
Military units and formations established in 2021
Space Delta 10. Space Delta 10 (DEL 10) is a United States Space Force (USSF) unit responsible for space doctrine, wargaming, and lessons learned. It was established on 23 August 2021 following the establishment of the Space Training and Readiness Command (STARCOM), the USSF field command to which it reports. It was initially headquartered at the United States Air Force Academy, Colorado pending a base selection process.  It is currently located in interim facilities at Patrick Space Force Base and Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, Florida

History 
A ceremony was held on 30 September 2021 to recognize the delta's activation and the activation of the 10th Delta Operations Squadron. In June 2023, as part of the previously referenced base selection process, it was announced that the preferred location for DEL 10 was Patrick Space Force Base, Florida. On 7 August 2024, DEL 10 transferred to Patrick Space Force Base as a tenant command.

Structure 
DEL 10 is one of five deltas that reports to STARCOM. It will eventually be composed of four subordinate units following addition of the 10th Doctrine and Tactics Squadron and 10th Wargaming Squadron.

List of commanders

References

External links 

 Fact Sheet

Deltas of the United States Space Force
Military units and formations established in 2021
Stephen D. Fantone. Stephen D. Fantone is an American businessman and optical engineer. A graduate of the University of Rochester, he founded the instrumentation firm Optikos. He is a fellow of SPIE and of Optica and served as the latter organization's president in 2020. Optica renamed its award for distinguished service in his honor in 2013, and award of which he was a recipient in 2007.

In the late 1990s, Fantone consulted on the lensing system for Fisher-Price's revised View-Master toy.

From 2012 through 2020, Fantone chaired the board of directors of the Pioneer Institute, a free-market think tank in Massachusetts. Fantone is also president of the Partnership for Massachusetts' Future, an advocacy group of business organizations and entrepreneurs founded in response to Raise Up Massachusetts, a pro-labor advocacy coalition.

References

Living people
Fellows of Optica (society)
Presidents of Optica (society)
University of Rochester alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Ingenieurbüro Glückauf. The Ingenieurbüro Glückauf was a department of the Reich Ministry of Armaments and War Production, which during the Second World War was the design office of the Hauptausschuß Schiffbau. It completed construction and production plans for U-Boats of the Kriegsmarine. This affected both submarine types that were designed for the U-boat war, as well as midget submarines which were used by the small combat units of the Kriegsmarine.

Tasks, projects and localization 
The Ingenieurbüro Glückauf was abbreviated as IBG. It was entrusted with the design and production planning of German submarines for the Navy during the final phases of World War II, for example the Type XXI submarine or the Type XXVII submarine.

Towards the end of 1944, the design and production planning for the Type XXVI, which used the , was completed. For this purpose, the IBG designers produced construction drawings in the partial sheet system, from which the sequence of production and assembly could be seen. This method was used for the first time in German shipbuilding in the construction of the Type XXVI. Previously, the partial blade system was only used in inland steel construction.

The IBG was one of the central design offices of the Hauptausschuß Schiffbau (HAS) and had two branches in the Harz highlands. In the offices in Blankenburg and Halberstadt there were an average of 650 employees from summer 1943 to March 1945.

References 

Reich Ministries of Nazi Germany
Naval architecture organizations
Zissis Samaras. Zissis Samaras (born 22 February 1956) is a Greek mechanical engineer and a professor of thermodynamics at Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, where he began his academic career in 1989.

He is also the head of the Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics (LAT) and co-founder of the two environmental spinoffs EMISIA SA and Exothermia.

Career 
Zissis Samaras was born in Thessaloniki in 1956 and completed his PhD at Aristotle University of Thessaloniki in 1989. He later became a lecturer in Thermodynamics at the same institution. In 2003, he was appointed to a professorship and later head of department from 2007 to 2009.

His research work deals primarily with engine and vehicle emissions testing and modeling, and he has carried out a wide range of projects on modeling emissions from internal combustion engines. In recent years, he has more broadly focused on sustainable energy and experimental techniques for testing of exhaust emissions.

In the past two decades he has led multiple research projects with LAT, involving the European Commission. Moreover, the Greek state has made use of technology developed by the Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics and Zissis Samaras.

He is the Vice Chair of European Road Transport Research Advisory Council. Since 2021, he has been the co-ordinator of European Commission's fuel consumption project Mile21.

Education 
He received his BSc/MSc and PhD degrees in mechanical engineering from Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.

Published work 
Samaras has authored and co-authored more than 300 scientific publications to date.

References 

1956 births
Living people
Greek engineers
Academic staff of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Mechanical engineers
21st-century Greek scientists
Engineers from Thessaloniki
Phosphate phosphite. A phosphate phosphite is a chemical compound or salt that contains phosphate and phosphite anions (PO33- and PO43-). These are mixed anion compounds or mixed valence compounds. Some have third anions.

Phosphate phosphites frequently occur as metal organic framework (MOF) compounds which are of research interest for gas storage, detection or catalysis. In these phosphate and phosphite form bridging ligands to hard metal ions. Protonated amines are templates.

Naming 
An phosphate phosphite compound may also be called a phosphite phosphate.

Production 
Phosphate phosphite compounds are frequently produced by hydrothermal synthesis, in which a water solution of ingredients is enclosed in a sealed container and heated.  Phosphate may be reduced to phosphite or phosphite oxidised to phosphate in this process.

Properties 
On heating,

Related 
Related to these are the nitrite nitrates and arsenate arsenites.

List

References 

Phosphites
Phosphates
Mixed anion compounds
Exploratory blockmodeling. Exploratory blockmodeling is an (inductive) approach (or a group of approaches) in blockmodeling regarding the specification of an ideal blockmodel. This approach, also known as hypotheses-generating, is the simplest approach, as it "merely involves the definition of the block types permitted as well as of the number of clusters." With this approach, researcher usually defines the best possible blockmodel, which then represent the base for the analysis of the whole network.

This approach is usually based on:
 previous analyses and theoretical considerations,
 using stricker blockmodel and block types, where the structural equivalence is stricker than the regular equivalence and
 using smaller number of classes.

The opposite approach is called a confirmatory blockmodeling.

References 

Blockmodeling
Carolina Sepúlveda Sepúlveda. Carolina Andrea Sepúlveda Sepúlveda (born 6 June 1980) is a Chilean chemical engineer who was elected as a member of the Chilean Constitutional Convention.

References

External links
 BCN Profile

Living people
1980 births
Chilean chemical engineers
Non-Neutral Independents politicians
University of Concepción alumni
Members of the Chilean Constitutional Convention
Chilean women engineers
21st-century Chilean engineers
Manganese(II) chlorate. Manganese(II) chlorate is an unstable chemical compound with the formula Mn(ClO3)2. It is unstable even in dilute solution. As a hexahydrate, it is solid below −18°C. Above this it melts, to form an extremely explosive pink liquid.

Preparation
Manganese(II) chlorate was produced by the reaction of manganese(II) sulfate and barium chlorate. The water was removed by boiling in vacuum. Then the temperature was lowered to -80°C which resulted in a pink solid. Then it was cleaned with liquid nitrogen and potassium hydroxide to remove the decomposition products.

Properties
Manganese(II) chlorate forms the hexahydrate when solid, the water that cannot be removed. It decomposes above 6°C, to manganese(IV) oxide, chlorine dioxide, and water. In liquid form it is very viscous and extremely explosive. When heated to room temperature, it explodes with a sharp report.

References

Manganese(II) compounds
Chlorates
Brett Sylvia. Brett Gareth Sylvia (born 12 September 1972) is a United States Army major general who serves as the commanding general of the 101st Airborne Division and Fort Campbell. He previously served as the vice director for strategy, plans, and policy of the Joint Staff.

Sylvia is a 1994 graduate of the United States Military Academy with a B.S. degree in environmental engineering. He later earned an M.S. degree in engineering management from the Missouri University of Science and Technology and a Master of Military Arts and Sciences degree from the School of Advanced Military Studies at the Army Command and General Staff College.

In July 2023, Sylvia assumed command of the 101st Airborne Division.

References

External links
 

1972 births
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
United States Military Academy alumni
United States Army Rangers
Missouri University of Science and Technology alumni
United States Army Command and General Staff College alumni
United States Army personnel of the Iraq War
United States Army personnel of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
United States Army generals
System Industries. System Industries, Inc., was an American computer hardware company active from 1968 to 1993. It produced printers and disk drives for minicomputers.

History
The firm was founded in 1968 by Ed Zschau with backing from Brentwood Associates, a private equity firm. Corporate earnings were followed by The New York Times. Their focus was to be a third-party provider of DEC-compatible equipment, especially for printers and disk drives (and their controllers).

In 1992 they acquired Emulex's disk drive business. By 1993 System Industries was dealing with a Chapter 11 bankruptcy. That same year they introduced an eraseable optical disc product and an 8mm magnetic tape storage devices.System Industries was one of 19 manufacturers of disk drive products that were sued in the late 1980s and early 1990s by Digital Equipment Corporation for alleged patent violations. Individual settlements were reached.

SilonicsSystem Industries had a subsidiary named Silonics, which made ink-jet printers. By 1980,  System Industries found it more profitable to focus on its disk business.

SIMACS (SImultaneous Machine ACceSs)System Industries developed a capability for having more than one DEC CPU, but not at the same time, have write access to a shared disk. They implemented an enhancement called SIMACS (SImultaneous Machine ACceSs), which allowed their special disk controller to set a semaphore flag for disk access, allowing multiple WRITES to the same files; the disk is shared by multiple DEC systems. SIMACS existed on VAX and PDP-11 RSTS systems. 

Advertising
It's "80 Mbytes of storage for under $12K!" ad was considered noteworthy by Computerworld, which in 2007, 2012 and 2017 headlined "... And other ad favorites," "... And other IT ad favorites," and "10 fun tech ads through the years." A CIO magazine'' "looking-back" item also noted the aforementioned ad headline.

References

1968 establishments in California
1993 disestablishments in California
American companies established in 1968
American companies disestablished in 1993
Computer companies established in 1968
Computer companies disestablished in 1993
Defunct computer companies of the United States
Defunct computer hardware companies
World Weather Attribution. World Weather Attribution is an academic collaboration studying extreme event attribution, calculations of the impact of climate change on extreme meteorological events such as heat waves, droughts, and storms. When an extreme event occurs, the project computes the likelihood that the occurrence, intensity, and duration of the  event was due to climate change. The project specializes in producing reports rapidly, while news of the event is still fresh.

World Weather Attribution was founded in 2014 by climatologists Friederike Otto, who continues as leader, and Geert Jan van Oldenborgh. Participating institutions are Imperial College London, the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, Laboratoire des sciences du climat et de l'environnement, Princeton University, the U.S. National Center for Atmospheric Research, ETH Zurich, IIT Delhi, and climate impact specialists at the Red Cross / Red Crescent Climate Centre.

The WWA response to an extreme meteorological event has three parts:
 Define the event: the geographic region affected, which weather parameters are of interest.
 Gather historical data: weather data from the region from 1950 to the present. From this historical data statistics on normal and extreme weather patterns for the locale can be computed.
 Simulate the event many times with computer models, comparing simulations with present-day greenhouse gas conditions against previous greenhouse-gas conditions.
Results are synthesized into a report and published first rapidly, then eventually through the scientific review process.

Example incidents
The following are examples of extreme cold, flood, heat, and drought events that have been studied by WWA.

 An unusual weather pattern which froze vineyards and other crops in France in spring 2021 was 60% more likely due to climate change.
 Floods in Nigeria and neighboring areas in 2022 were rendered more likely and more intense due to climate change. WWA modeled the June to September rainfall in the Lake Chad and lower Niger river catchment areas, looking at total rainfall and intense rain weeks.
 The 2022 heat wave in India and Pakistan was rendered 30 times more likely and more intense due to climate change.
 A several year drought contributing to famine in Madagascar in 2021 was likely not caused by climate change. WWA studied rainfall in southern Madagascar for the two-year period ending June 2021, concluding that the observed drought had a 1 in 135 chance of occurring, which was only slightly affected by climate change.

References

External links

 

Meteorological organizations
Climate change assessment and attribution
HMIS Investigator. HMIS Investigator (known as INS Investigator after independence) was a survey ship of the Royal Indian Navy. Launched as the cable layer Patrick Stewart in 1925, she was acquired by the RIN in 1934, serving in the surveying role until 1951, when she was sold.

History 
The cable ship CS Patrick Stewart was built by W. Simons of Renfrew in 1925 for the government-owned Indo-European Telegraph Company to replace an earlier ship of the same name, built in 1879. The cable laying equipment was supplied by Clarke, Chapman and Company. Patrick Stewart continued to serve with the IETC maintaining the Persian Gulf submarine cables until 1930, when the she was sold by the struggling IETC to the Eastern Telegraph Company amid serious financial problems.

After four years' service with the ETC, Patrick Stewart was sold to the Royal Indian Navy, converted to a survey ship, and renamed HMIS Investigator. Investigator served throughout the Second World War, being based at Calcutta in 1940 under the command of Martin Henry St. Leger Nott from 2 February 1940 to April of that year.

From 1941 onwards, she served as an anti-submarine patrol sloop. For this role, armament, including a 4.7 inch gun, was installed.

References 

Sloops of the Royal Indian Navy
1925 ships
Anne Goldberg. Anne Goldberg is a Belgian physicist, expert in polymers, nanomaterials and material characterisation.

Career 
Goldberg spent most of her career working in research and innovation at Solvay. She set up testing methods to understand solid-state physics of polymers, especially fracture mechanisms and managed various portfolios in the field of nanotechnology. 

As of 2021, she is a Member of the Strategic Advisory Committee in the Graphene Flagship, a Member of the Board of Directors on behalf of Solvay at Materia Nova, a Member of the European Industrial Research Management Association (EIRMA) task force on responsible innovation and a Member of the Club of Rome EU Chapter. She teaches innovation and history of science at the University of Mons.

Goldberg gives talks about women and diversity in science and created the Solvay's “Girls leading in science” (GirLS) contest with the support of Hub.Brussels and BeWiSe.

References 

Belgian women physicists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)