omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Hans Reiche. Hans Reiche (28 November 1914 – 30 September 2000) was an electrical engineer and philatelist who became a world authority on Canadian stamps.

Life 
Born in Berlin, Reiche received a Master of Science degree in electrical engineering from the Technische Hochschule in Charlottenburg (now Technische Universität Berlin) in 1936, before travelling first to England in 1939, where he was interned after the start of World War Two, and then to Camp Monteith in Ontario, Canada in 1940. He was released in 1942 with the help of Albert Einstein, who was a friend of the family, and he then started a long career working for the Canadian Government.

His father was the noted physicist Fritz Reiche who studied with Max Planck. Hans and his mother Bertha, donated Fritz's papers to the Center for History of Physics, American Institute of Physics after his death in 1969. Hans' mother, formerly Bertha Ochs, was the daughter of the composer Professor Siegfried Ochs, the founder and conductor of the Berlin Philharmonic Choir.

Non-philatelic documents about Hans Reiche and his family are held in the Ottawa Jewish Archives.

Philatelic interests 
Reiche's main philatelic interests were Canadian constant plate varieties, about which he was a prolific author, Canadian pre-cancels and old German states. At different times he received the Bronze, Silver and Gold Medals of the German Philatelic Society.

He was prominent in many philatelic organisations including the British North America Philatelic Society, The Ottawa Philatelic Society, The Canadian Philatelic Society of Great Britain (Fellow 1979), The Royal Philatelic Society of Canada (Fellow 1982) and others. Reiche was a constant contributor to the newsletters and journals of philatelic organisations. Particularly notable was "Postmarked Ottawa" in The Canadian Philatelist, the official journal of the Royal Philatelic Society of Canada.

After his death, Reiche's philatelic papers were acquired by the Canadian Postal Archives, part of the National Archives of Canada.

Selected publications 
Canada: Catalogue of constant plate varieties (Billig's Specialized Catalogues Vol.7), Fritz Billig, Jamaica, New York, 1954.
Canada, the Admiral stamps of 1911 to 1925. (Two volumes)
Canada Steel Engraved Constant Plate Varieties, 1982.
Admiral Colour Identification.

References

External links 
The British North America Philatelic Society
The Canadian Philatelic Society of Great Britain

German philatelists
1914 births
2000 deaths
Spray-on condom. A prototype spray-on condom () was invented by Jan Vinzenz Krause of the Institute for Condom Consultancy in 2006. The idea was inspired by the mechanics of a drive-through car wash—the penis was inserted into a chamber where nozzles apply a coat of fast-drying liquid latex. The process took close to a minute, a restriction that has kept the product off the market. The product was expected to cost around twice as much as a traditional condom. Prototypes consisted of an application chamber and a cartridge of liquid that produces around 20 condoms, depending on penis size.

Besides being attractive to some because of its novelty, the spray-on condom was intended to solve several problems. The product's proponents hoped that consumers would find it easier to apply and use correctly than a traditional condom. Because it is easier to operate correctly, the device's inventor hoped that the condom would be more successful in preventing unwanted pregnancy and STD transmission. Because the condom uses the penis as a mould for its creation, it could be especially attractive to men with unusually sized or oddly shaped penises.

Development and issues 
The product had several problems. In testing, some men found it intimidating, and were not willing to insert their penis into the device, opting to test it on their finger instead. The applicator emitted a loud hissing sound upon use, potentially "killing the mood", and the latex did not form a reservoir tip. The biggest problem, however, was that the drying process took 2–3 minutes before the condom was dry enough to use, which was too long to be truly marketable.

By 2008, the idea had not been developed further.

See also
 Fabrican

References

External links 
 Institut für Kondom-Beratung (Institute for Condom Consultancy) (in German)
 Video - Spray on condom video demonstration

Condoms
German inventions
Murum Dam. The Murum Dam () is a gravity dam on the Murum River in Sarawak, Malaysia. Construction began in 2008, the dam's reservoir began to fill in July 2013 and the first generator was commissioned in December 2014. The fourth and final turbine became operational on 8 June 2015. Concerns have been raised about the displacement of the Dayak people and the removal of rainforest due to the construction of the dam.

The dam site is located on the Murum River, which is in the uppermost part of the Rajang River basin,  from Bintulu. The upstream of Rajang river includes four steps, which are Pelagus, Bakun, Murum, and Belaga. The Murum Hydroelectric Project is the second Step-Hydroelectric Project of the four steps, and is  from the constructing Bakun Hydroelectric Project downstream.

See also

Sarawak Corridor of Renewable Energy
Environmental concerns with electricity generation

References

2015 establishments in Malaysia
Hydroelectric power stations in Malaysia
Dams completed in 2014
Dams in Sarawak
Roller-compacted concrete dams
Gravity dams
Energy infrastructure completed in 2015
Antoine de Chézy. Antoine de Chézy (1 September 1718 – 5 October 1798), also called Antoine Chézy, was a French physicist and hydraulics engineer who contributed greatly to the study of fluid mechanics and designed a canal for the Paris water supply. He is known for developing a similarity parameter for predicting the flow characteristics of one channel based on the measurements of another, known today as the Chézy formula. The Chézy equation is a pioneering formula in the field of fluid mechanics, and was expanded and modified by Irish engineer Robert Manning in 1889 as the Manning formula. The Chézy formula concerns the velocity of water flowing through conduits and is widely celebrated for its use in open channel flow calculations. By the definition of open channel, the Chézy formula also applies to partially-full pipe flow.

Chézy was born on 1 September 1718 in Châlons-en-Champagne, France. Chézy graduated with honors from the Ecole des Ponts et Chaussées and worked closely with Jean-Rodolphe Perronet, the first director of the school. He contributed to a wide range of projects that we would describe today as civil engineering, including the construction of bridges, canals, and streets in Paris. Chézy and Perronet were tasked to assess the magnitude of water flow that could be diverted from the Yvette River to improve the Paris water supply. They sought to predict the flow of water in open channels based on analytical methods. In this pursuit, Chézy built model channels on which he ran tests to determine the factors that influence flow in an open channel. The famed Chézy formula continues to be used in open channel analyses today. In 1798, he became Director of the Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Ponts-et-Chaussées after teaching there for many years. Antoine de Chézy died on 5 October 1798 in Paris, after serving as director of the École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées for less than one year.

His son was orientalist Antoine-Léonard de Chézy (1773–1832).

References

External links
 History of the Chézy Formula

French civil engineers
École des Ponts ParisTech alumni
Corps des ponts
People from Châlons-en-Champagne
1718 births
1798 deaths
Hydraulic engineers
French hydrologists
Bombardier Bombi. The Bombardier Bombi or BR 100 is a small dual tracked vehicle which is used for grooming ski and snowmobile trails. Its weight is around 900 kg. it measures approximately 2.7(9 ft) x 1.8 meters (6 ft).

As a result of its wide tracks, [58 cm (23 inches) in winter and 45 cm (18 inches) in summer], it exerts as little as 0.54 and 0.70 psi of ground pressure at 125 mm (6 inches) penetration and it can operate on 60% horizontal and 80% vertical slopes; its top speed is 20 mph or 32 km/h. This is achieved with a 1.6 litre or 98 cu. in. 57 hp. inline four cylinder Ford industrial engine, the same as that used in the Ford Cortina.

External links
 Safety One Inc - Bombi

Snowmobiles
Skiing equipment
Bombardier Inc. products
Saunders Valkyrie. The Saunders A.3 Valkyrie was a large three-engined biplane flying boat with a wooden hull built to an Air Ministry specification.  It was not found suitable for production and helped to confirm a preference for metal-hulled flying boats.

Development
The Saunders A.3 Valkyrie was built in response to Air Ministry specification 22/24 for a large general duty and patrol flying boat, Saunders receiving an order for a single prototype for trials in February 1925. It was a three-engined biplane with a two step monocoque hull, circular apart from the shallow, curved planing bottom. The fuselage had no internal bulkheads and was deliberately designed to be flexible so as to absorb the shocks of landing, though there was a rigid section under the wings. As with Saunders' other wooden aircraft, Valkyrie's hull  was covered with Consuta sewn stress-bearing plywood. It accommodated a crew of five. There was a pair of open tandem cockpits with dual flying controls well forward of the wing leading edge. Below this, aft and in the hull were the navigation and radio operator's position, and further aft, behind the trailing edge there were two gunners' positions, roughly in tandem but offset port and starboard, each fitted with machine guns on Scarff rings. The gunner's cockpit in the nose was similarly equipped.  There were bunks and living space for all five crew in the rigid part of the hull. The fin was large and angular, carrying the braced rectangular tailplane with unbalanced elevators above the top of the hull.  The fin also carried a large and prominently balanced rudder with a rudder servo surface on outriggers.

The wings were of equal span and almost no stagger, with slight sweep on the section outboard of the engines. These outboard sections each had two sets of simple vertical interplane struts, carried balanced ailerons on upper and lower planes and a V-bottomed stabilising float mounted clear of the lower wing. The wings were wooden structures with canvas covering, as was the upper centre section. The lower wing centre section was Consuta covered, mounted on a low pylon on the hull and braced to it with large N-shaped struts. The centre sections were joined by three sets of steel V-form struts, from which the Valkyrie's three 680 hp (505 kW) Rolls-Royce Condor water-cooled engines were mounted midway between the wings.

Operational history
The Valkyrie flew for the first time around June 1926 in the hands of Frank Courtney and went to Air Ministry trials in the late spring of 1927 where the overall assessment was unenthusiastic. Nonetheless, in August the Valkyrie joined a Scandinavian tour, organised by the Flying Boat Development Flight, together with Blackburn Iris, Short Singapore and Supermarine Southampton flying boats. This tour helped the Air Ministry to decide that the future of flying boats was with metal, rather than wooden hulls with their water absorbing properties. The sole Valkyrie was broken up in 1929.

Specifications

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography
 
 
 

1920s British military aircraft
1920s British experimental aircraft
Flying boats
Valkyrie
Trimotors
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1926
TRUST. TRUST (Train Running Under System TOPS) is a Network Rail computer system used for monitoring the progress of trains and tracking delays on Great Britain's rail network. It compares actual train movement events with those planned, allowing delays to be recorded with explanations as to the cause allowing the operation of an incentive scheme to reduce delays.

TRUST is used to record when a train passes a measuring point, which can be used to identify delays, and the cause of the delays. It is based on the TOPS mainframe-based computer system. 

TRUST data is part of Network Rail's open data feed and is used by Realtime Trains as a source for train movements and cancellations. A similar computer system is Darwin, from the Rail Delivery Group.

See also
 Rail signaller

References

External links
TRUST user guide from 2011 released following a Freedom of Information Request

Railway signalling in the United Kingdom
James Anderson (sea captain). Sir James Anderson (1824–1893) captained SS Great Eastern on the laying of the Transatlantic telegraph cable in 1865 and 1866.

Anderson was born in Dumfries in south west Scotland and educated at the academy there.

Anderson captained Great Eastern, designed by Isambard Kingdom Brunel, on the transatlantic telegraph cable laying voyages of 1865 and 1866. In 1872 he was appointed as the first managing director of the Eastern Telegraph Company. This which became the largest submarine cable firm in the world.

References 

Sea captains
People from Dumfries
People educated at Dumfries Academy
1824 births
1893 deaths
Archirodon. Archirodon Group NV is a Greek company with headquarters in Dordrecht, Netherlands and Athens, Greece, that provides services relating to the construction and maintenance of maritime infrastructure and other construction works on an international basis. The main fields of construction work are marine, dredging and land reclamation contractors; heavy contractors for the oil and gas, power and water industries; electromechanical and infrastructure contractors; geotechnical and foundation engineering services.

Archirodon owns and operates a fleet of 155 vessels which are used for transportation, dredging, towing and docking.

History
Archirodon Construction company was established in 1959 in the form of a J.V. of the Greek firms ARCHIMIDIS, Greece's foremost marine contractor at that time, and ODON & ODOSTROMATON, a road and bridge construction specialist group.

The J.V. started its professional life by building the Port of Benghazi in Libya (1961) and subsequently the Port of Beirut in Lebanon (1962). Its success soon led it to develop into a major contractor in its own merit, establishing itself in 1971 as ARCHIRODON CONSTRUCTION (OVERSEAS) CO.S.A...

Major Projects
Jorf Lasfar
Al Hamriya Port
Port of Jebel Ali -Terminal-2
Port of Tripoli
Khalifa Port
Sheikh Zayed Bridge
Port of Salalah
Palm Islands
King Salman International Complex for Maritime Industries and Service
Shura island bridge in The Red Sea Project

Offices
Archirodon maintains offices in:
Dubai, Abu Dhabi & Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates 
Cairo, Egypt 
Jeddah and KSA, Saudi Arabia 
Dordrecht, Netherlands 
Aktau, Kazakhstan
Ashgabat, Turkmenistan
Athens, Greece
Limassol, Cyprus
Arlington, Virginia, United States
Casablanca, Morocco
Muscat, Oman
Geneva, Switzerland

Subsidiaries

Criticism
In 2001, Archirodon was involved in corruption and bid-rigging with construction bids for Egyptian water projects as discussed in the Camp David peace accord.

In 2022, Archirodon drew criticism on its involvement in the port of El Aaiún, in the disputed territory of the Western Sahara, from where OCP currently only exports phosphate rock.

References

official website

External links
 Official website of Archirodon Group NV

Multinational companies headquartered in the Netherlands
Construction and civil engineering companies of Greece
Multinational companies headquartered in Greece
Companies based in Athens
Greek brands
1959 establishments in Greece
Companies based in South Holland
Bombing of Wiener Neustadt in World War II. Wiener Neustadt, a city in Austria, was the target of bombing raids during World War II by the Allies.

Background
The targets in and around Wiener Neustadt included the marshalling yards, the Wiener Neustädter Flugzeugwerke (WNF) aircraft factory (effectively an extension of Messerschmitt) and the Raxwerke plants of Wiener Neustädter Lokomotivfabrik (two of which used  forced labor from the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp).

The three WNF plants (W.N.F. Fischamend, W.N.F. Klagenfurt, W.N.F. Bad Vöslau) were targets of the Combined Bomber Offensive against the German aircraft industry. WNF manufactured Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighters and repaired Junkers bombers and heavy fighters  ().  
The Hirtenberger Patronen Zündhütchen und Metallwarenfabrik was an ammunition factory nearby.

References

Wiener Neustadt
Wiener Neustadt
Wiener Neustadt
Cycle time variation. Cycle time variation is a metric and philosophy for continuous improvement with the aim of driving down the deviations in the time it takes to produce successive units on a production line.  It supports organizations' application of lean manufacturing or lean production by eliminating wasteful expenditure of resources. It is distinguished from some of the more common applications by its different focus of creating a structure for progressively reducing the sources of internal variation that leads to workarounds and disruption causing these wastes to accumulate in the first place.  Although it is often used as an indicator of lean progress, its use promotes a structured approach to reducing disruption that impacts efficiency, quality, and value.

References 

Lean manufacturing
Muquim Ahmed. Muquim Ahmed (born 1 September 1954) is a Bangladeshi-born British entrepreneur. He is thought to be the first Brick Lane millionaire.

Biography
Ahmed arrived in East London in the early 1970s, aged 19, to study engineering with the intention of returning to join the family business in Bangladesh.

Having invested £2 million in a bakery and a ready meals factory in South West London, Ahmed, 55, is building a food manufacturing leg to his property and restaurant portfolio. Best known for his work in transforming the Brick Lane area of East London, later helped his father export goods from Britain and the Netherlands to Bangladesh. He diversified into property and was a millionaire at 26. He has a £30m property portfolio while his Café Naz chain of restaurants turns over about £3.5 million a year. His other interests include a travel agency.

Ahmed is also a fellow of The University of London.

See also
 British Bangladeshi
 Business of British Bangladeshis
 List of British Bangladeshis

References

External links
Saini, Angela. Brick Lane restaurants under threat. BBC London. 2 December 2007
Saini, Angela. Olympic boost for Brick Lane. BBC London. 27 December 2007
Blunkett issues new race plea. BBC News. 27 June 2001
Muquim Ahmed - British Bangladeshi Who’s Who 2008

1954 births
Living people
British Muslims
Bangladeshi emigrants to the United Kingdom
Naturalised citizens of the United Kingdom
British restaurateurs
Bangladeshi businesspeople
Businesspeople from London
People from Sylhet
People from Shadwell
Lavochkin La-190. The Lavochkin La-190, (a.k.a. Aircraft 190), was a swept wing jet fighter designed and manufactured by the Lavochkin Design Bureau from 1950.

Design and development
The La-190 was an all-metal aircraft with a bicycle undercarriage and mid set wings with 55° sweep at 1/4 chord. The afterburning, Lyul'ka AL-5 (TR-3A), axial flow turbo-jet engine was attached to the rear of the centre fuselage with the air intake at the extreme nose, and exhaust at the end of the rear fuselage. Access to the engine for maintenance and removal was gained by removing the rear fuselage aft of the wing.

The bicycle main and nose undercarriages were housed entirely within the fuselage with wing mounted outriggers in small pods at the wingtips. To increase the angle of incidence of the aircraft, to 20–22°, for take-off and landing, the twin wheeled levered suspension main undercarriage could be shortened or "knelt".

The swept wings were of medium taper with 2/3 span flaps / 1/3 span ailerons, and wing fences at approximately 1/2 span. The tail unit comprised a sharply swept fin with a delta tailplane at 2/3 fin length.

An early Soviet Airborne Interception radar was also fitted called Korshun – (Kite (the bird)), with a single aerial under a radome above the intake and a CRT for the pilot to manually track the target.

History
The unusual layout of the La-190, combined with many innovations, including powered flying controls, and new manufacturing methods, challenged Lavochkin's design bureau. To assist with design, many test rigs were made to simulate parts of the aircraft and its systems. Aerodynamic models were also used in wind tunnels and as large-scale droppable gliding models.

Despite all the preparations, major problems with the Lyul'ka engine caused several flame-outs, one of which caused serious damage during the ensuing deadstick landing.

Although the La-190 displayed good performance during the limited flight testing carried out, the MAP – Ministerstvo Aviatsionnoy Promyshlennosti (Ministry of Aviation Industry) cancelled further work on Aircraft 190.

Specifications (La-190)

See also

References
Gunston, Bill. The Osprey Encyclopedia of Russian Aircraft 1875–1995. London:Osprey, 1995. .
Gordon, Yefim. Lavochkin's Last Jets. Midland Publishing. Hinkley. 2007. 

Abandoned military aircraft projects of the Soviet Union
La-190
1940s Soviet fighter aircraft
Single-engined jet aircraft
Mid-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1951
Cruciform tail aircraft
Aircraft with retractable bicycle landing gear
Renzenberger, Inc.. Renzenberger, Inc. (United States, est. 1983), is a company that provides transportation services for the rail industry. It has over 1,800 vehicles operating in around 34 states. Renzenberger drivers are required to transport railroad workers to and from the trains (i.e. BNSF Railway freight trains). The railroad workers are the train's engineer, and conductor, that are called a "crew," because both are needed to drive a train. When a crew goes off-duty, the train is stopped at the nearest road crossing, and a crew is brought to relieve them, then the off-duty crew is taken to an assigned hotel, or railway yard.

On November 19, 2013, Renzenberger announced a merger with Hallcon.  Hallcon appears to be the administrative head, as the renzenberger.com website redirects there.

References

Railway service companies of the United States
American companies established in 1983
Transport companies established in 1983
INS Balshil. INS Balshil (Literally in Strong) is a Bhim-class tugboat currently in service with the Indian Navy. The ship was delivered to the Indian Navy ahead of schedule. INS Balshil enhances the capability of the yard in berthing bigger ships of the Indian Navy. The tugboat also has capacity to carry cargo.

See  also
 Tugboats of the Indian Navy

References 

 Sainik Samachar - Balshil joins Navy - Retrieved on 2009-04-27.
 Bhim class at Bharat-Rakshak - Retrieved on 2009-05-05.

2004 ships
Balshil
Tugs of the Indian Navy
Termark Technical Institute. Termark Technical Institute is a privately held continuing education institution based in Coral Springs, Florida.  The school provides training for low voltage electrical contractors, electronic security specialists as well as individuals preparing for certification and Federal Communications Commission (FCC) examinations.  The school currently holds licensure with the State of Florida (PVD377) as well as Georgia, North Carolina, and Tennessee.  Authorization is pending in New Jersey, Alabama and Texas. The school maintains professional memberships in IACET, ITEA, ACTE and FACTE.

Termark Technical Institute is a Certification Administrator with the Electronics Technicians Association International as a Certified Electronics Technician Examiner and FCC Commercial Radio License Examiner.

External links
Official website

Adult education in the United States
Coral Springs, Florida