omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Sensing floor. A sensing floor is a floor with embedded sensors. 
Depending on their construction, these floors are either monobloc (e.g. structures made of a single frame, carpets).
or modular (e.g. tiled floors, floors made of stripes of sensors). 
The first sensing floor prototypes were developed in the 1990s, mainly for human gait analysis. 
Such floors are usually used as a source of sensing information for an ambient intelligence.
Depending on the type of sensors employed, sensing floors can measure load (pressure), proximity (to detect, track, and recognize humans), as well as the magnetic field (for detecting metallic objects like robots using magnetometers).

Sensing floors have a variety of usages:
 Gait analysis for human identification and continuous health diagnosis (either in domestic or hospital environments)
 Mapping of the environment for autonomous robots
 Controller for interactive applications (as a MIDI music instrument, a games controller, dance movement analysis, etc.)

More than 30 distinct sensing floor prototypes have been developed between 1990 and 2015.
Notable examples of sensing floors have been developed by Oracle, MIT, and Inria.
As of 2015, few sensing floors are available as commercial products, mainly targeting healthcare facilities (e.g. the GAITRite surface pressure sensing floor, and the SensFloor).

Citations

Sensors
Robotics
User interface techniques
Security technology
Steve Ludlam (engineer). Steve Ludlam is a defense industry engineer and former chief executive of the Australian Submarine Corporation (ASC). He was recruited to ASC from the United Kingdom in 2010 and held the position until mid 2014. In the UK, Ludlam was President of Submarines at Rolls-Royce where he led the modernisation of the country’s nuclear-powered submarine program. He first worked with Rolls-Royce as a development engineer on nuclear submarine programs. He was promoted to General Manager of the Submarine Nuclear Reactor Test Establishment prior to his executive appointment. Mr Ludlam has a degree in Mechanical Engineering and a master's degree in Nuclear Engineering. He is a Fellow of Engineers Australia and has been acknowledged as one of Engineers Australia’s 100 most influential members four times. He is a Fellow of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, UK and the Royal Academy of Engineering.

In 2015, Ludlam was appointed to the Defence SA Advisory Board in South Australia.

In 2016, he was appointed Chair of South Australia's Automotive Transformation Taskforce and Chair of the Northern Economic and Social Implementation Board.

References 

Living people
British nuclear engineers
Rolls-Royce people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Georgian State Electrosystem. Georgian State Electrosystem (GSE) is the single Electricity Transmission System Operator (TSO) acting in Georgia, providing the overall coordination of the country's electricity system. As the single TSO, GSE is responsible for balancing the country's power supply and demand in real time. 

GSE owns and operates 4 357 km transmission lines and 93 substations all over the country. Transmission network is managed by the National Dispatch Center and its technical maintenance is provided by the 4 regional networks (Eastern, Western, Southern and Kakheti). GSE also manages the cross-border transmission lines interconnecting with neighboring countries Russia, Turkey, Armenia and Azerbaijan.

General Information
GSE is a joint stock company owned by the LEPL National Agency of State Property, while its management rights are transferred to the Ministry of Economy and Sustainable Development of Georgia.

GSE provides power transmission and dispatch services all over the country. Transmission is provided from hydro, thermal and wind power plants to power distribution companies and direct customers.

To perform repairs, the company implements the scheduled outages of system-wide transmission lines and substations, and temporarily restricts the power supply if necessary. The company develops relay protection schemes and analyzes accidents within the network. To use energy resources optimally, the National Dispatch Centre located at GSE headquarters in Tbilisi coordinates the activities of electricity market participants. It also manages the transmission network in standard and emergency situations.

History
JSC Georgian State Electrosystem was established in 2002 through the merger of Electrodispetcherizatsia Ltd. and JSC Elektrogadatsema. Since December 2002, GSE management has been carried out by the Irish company ESB International which had acquired the company 5-year management right in the tender “Wholesale Electricity Market Support Project” announced by the World Bank. In 2007, after the completion of the project, the management of GSE was transferred to the Georgian board of directors.

The director general of the company is George Gigineishvili, who was appointed to the role in 2022.

Recently, Transparency International Georgia has documented a web of nepotistic appointments at the GSE, especially around one of its directors in the Environmental, Social Affairs, and Permits department, who has employed several relatives and friends.

See also

 Energy in Georgia (Country)

References

External links
• http://www.gse.com.ge

• https://www.facebook.com/electrosystema/

Energy companies of Georgia (country)
Electric power companies of Georgia (country)
Companies based in Tbilisi
Energy companies established in 2002
2002 establishments in Georgia (country)
Gulf Island Fabrication. Gulf Island Fabrication is an American manufacturer of specialized structures and marine vessels used in the energy sector. The company builds offshore oil and gas platforms, ships and also foundations for offshore wind turbines. It also provides maintenance and marine repair services in-shop and out in the field. The company has built some of the largest offshore platforms in the world.

The company's headquarters are located in Houston, Texas, and its seven building yards are in Louisiana and Texas. Gulf Island Fabrication and Bechtel are partners. The company was founded by Alden “Doc” Laborde, a World War II Navy commander who later worked the offshore oil and gas industry. In 1985, the company took over a bankrupt rival named Delta Fabrication. The company became publicly listed in 1997. The company offered 2,000,000 shares at $15 per share. With a total offer amount of $30 million. The company had diversified revenue to build ships and expanded by taking over LeeVac Shipyards in the beginning of 2016. The acquisition provided about $112 million incremental contract backlog during the industry downturn.

References

A Mighty Wind Tries to Lift Rig Builders Past Oil’s Downturn
A Debt-Free And Cash-Rich, Dividend-Paying Company With Significant Upside Potential
Gulf Island warns of possible layoffs
Gulf Island Fabrication bracing for layoffs at Texas subsidiary, newspaper reports
Should You Worry About The Future Of Gulf Island Fabrication, Inc. (NASDAQ: GIFI)?
Gulf Island Fabrication, Inc. Reports Second Quarter Earnings 
Gulf Island, Carbo warn of possible layoffs affecting nearly 300 workers
My Thesis on Gulf Island Fabrication 
Gulf Island Fabrication Is A (Blunt) Falling Knife
Gulf Island Fabrication wins foundation work for first U.S. offshore wind farm
Gulf Island Fabrication CEO sees boom potential in Gulf of Mexico shallow water

External links
Official site of Gulf Island Fabrication
Louisiana builder is hard at work on R.I.'s offshore wind turbines + Video

Construction and civil engineering companies of the United States
Energy engineering and contractor companies
ACE experiment. The Antiproton Cell Experiment (ACE), AD-4, at the Antiproton Decelerator facility at CERN, Geneva, was started in 2003. It aims to assess fully the effectiveness and suitability of antiprotons for cancer therapy. In 1947, Robert R. Wilson introduced particle beam therapy, as heavy charged particles tend to have a finite range in water (therefore, in the human body) and an advantageous depth-dose profile compared to that of electrons or X-rays. Following such ideas, the hunt for an 'ideal' particle for cancer therapy began. And ACE collaboration was set up to measure and compare the relative biological effectiveness of protons and antiprotons.

The results from ACE experiment showed that antiprotons required to break down the tumor cells were four times less than the number of protons required. The effect on healthy tissues due to antiprotons was significantly less. Although the experiment ended in 2013, further research and validation still continue, owing to the long procedures of bringing in novel medical treatments.

See also 
Antiproton Decelerator

References

External links 
ACE experiment at CERN
ACE in CERN Greybook
Record for ACE experiment on INSPIRE-HEP

Particle experiments
CERN experiments
BASE experiment. BASE (Baryon Antibaryon Symmetry Experiment), AD-8, is a multinational collaboration at the Antiproton Decelerator facility at CERN, Geneva. The goal of the Japanese and German BASE collaboration are high-precision investigations of the fundamental properties of the antiproton, namely the charge-to-mass ratio and the magnetic moment.

Experimental setup 
The single antiprotons are stored in an advanced Penning trap system, which has a multi-trap system at its core. It consists of a reservoir trap, a precision trap, an analysis trap and a cooling trap. The reservoir trap has the capability to store antiprotons for several years and allows BASE to operate experiments independent from accelerator cycles. The precision trap is for high precision frequency measurements, and the analysis trap has a strong magnetic field inhomogeneity superimposed, which is used for single particle spin flip spectroscopy. By measuring the spin flip rate as a function of the frequency of an externally applied magnetic-drive, a resonance curve is obtained. Together with a measurement of the cyclotron frequency, the magnetic moment is extracted.

BASE physics 
The BASE collaboration developed techniques to observe the first spin flips of a single trapped proton and applied the double-trap technique to measure the magnetic moment of the proton with a fractional precision of three parts in a billion, later improved to a precision of 300 parts in a trillion,  being the most precise measurement of this fundamental property of the proton. With the invention of a two particle/three trap technique BASE measured the antiproton magnetic moment with a fractional accuracy of 1.5 parts in a billion, which improved the previous most precise proton/antiproton comparison in that sector  by more than a factor of 3000. This measurement constitutes one of the most stringent tests of CPT invariance with baryons to date, and sets the most stringent limits on antimatter/dark matter interaction to date.  

Inspired by this work BASE has also used Penning trap detectors as axion haloscopes, and derived stringent narrow-band laboratory limits on the conversion of axions to photons.  

In 2022 BASE measured that the charge-to-mass ratios of protons and antiprotons are equal within a precision of 16 parts per trillion. This measurement constitutes the most precise test of CPT invariance in the baryon sector and sets the first differential constraints on the clock weak equivalence principle using baryonic antimatter.

BASE collaboration 

The BASE collaboration comprises the following institutions:

See also 

 Antiproton Decelerator
 TRAP experiment
 ATRAP experiment

References

External links 
Record for BASE Experiment on INSPIRE-HEP
Particle experiments
CERN experiments
Gasera. Gasera Ltd. is a Finnish high-tech company focused on the analysis of gases, liquids and solid materials. The main focus of Gasera is measuring harmful air pollutants in order to protect humans and the environment. Other applications include e.g. greenhouse gas monitoring, automotive and ship emissions monitoring, dissolved gas analysis in transformer oil, CWA and TIC detection, material identification and food production and safety.



History 
Gasera was founded in 2004 by Prof. Jyrki Kauppinen and his son Dr. Ismo Kauppinen. The company is a university spin-off of the University of Turku.

Technology 
Gasera has developed new technologies to overcome drawbacks in common measurement solutions. Technology solutions are based on cantilever enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared principle and widely tunable mid-infrared lasers.

Products 
In 2016 Gasera launched GASERA ONE, portable photoacoustic multi-gas analyzer for protecting life, health and security. GASERA ONE utilises several different infrared light source technologies, such as widely tunable quantum cascade lasers (QCLs), enables countless application areas for reliable ppb-level trace gas monitoring, such as VOCs, inorganics, hydrocarbons, fluorocarbons, anesthetics, and corrosives at very low concentrations. Gasera also offers photoacoustic accessories for laboratory FTIR instruments and research photoacoustic detectors.

Projects

IRON - Horizon 2020 
In 2015 Gasera received funding of 2.3 million euros from the EU program Horizon 2020. With the funding Gasera will develop and commercialize high performance hand-held IRON device for gas measurement to enable on-site detection of hazardous chemicals in cargo containers.

DOGGIES 
In 2016 Gasera completed a three-year collaboration with the European Union in the DOGGIES (Detection of Olfactory traces by orthoGonal Gas identification technologIES) project, developing technology that imitates sniffer dogs for border patrol and the police. The technology can be used for detecting different drugs, such as amphetamine, cocaine, heroin and cannabis. DOGGIES was funded by the European Commission under the 7th Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development.

Other EU Projects 
Other EU projects funded by the European Commission under the 7th Framework Programmes for Research and Technological Development Gasera has participated are CUSTOM, GasPro-Bio-Waste, MINIGAS, MUSE-Tech, OPTIMALT, Pro-Bio HySens, VItiSpec and Zero-VOC.

SOCKS 
SOCKS is a project inside the HyperGlobal consortium funded by Tekes’ Arktiset Meret program. The aim of the consortium is to develop and commercialise high performance gas sensing solutions for ship emissions monitoring. As an outcome of the SOCKS project, Gasera will develop an analyzer capable of simultaneously sensing the sulphur dioxide () and carbon dioxide () concentrations in air nearby seaways, from which the sulphur content of the fuel used by the ship can be calculated.

References

External links 
 

Technology companies of Finland
Turku
Finnish companies established in 2004
Birger Ljungström. Birger Ljungström (4 June 1872 – 17 November 1948) was a Swedish engineer, technical designer, industrialist, and inventor.

Biography
Birger Ljungström was born  in Uddevalla, Sweden  to cartographer Jonas Patrik Ljungström  and Amalia (née Falck). His second great uncle was Johan Börjesson, and his third great uncle Bishop Johan Wingård. Among his siblings were Georg Ljungström, Oscar Ljungström, Fredrik Ljungström, among his brothers-in-law George Spaak and his nephew Olof Ljungström. He attended classes at KTH Royal Institute of Technology.

Ljungström registered his first patent  in 1892.  He moved to England where they stayed until 1903, in order to study the field of mechanics. During the years 1906-1907,  Ljungström was  employed by AB Separator. Together with his brother Fredrik Ljungström, he patented the Ljungström turbine around  1908. The same year, they founded the development company AB Ljungströms Ångturbin and in 1913 the separate company Svenska Turbinfabriks AB Ljungström (STAL), which would be responsible for the production of Ljungström turbines.

Distinctions
  Honorary doctorate of the Dresden University of Technology (1928)
  Gold medal of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences (1945) 
  Adelsköld medal of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (1914)
  Honorary Fellowship of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences (1937) (Fellowship since 1922)

Eponyms
  Ljungström Prize of the Swedish National Mechanics' Association (1971)
  Birger and Fredrik Ljungström Commemorative Medal of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences (1976)
  Rotor Medal of Svenska Rotor Maskiner (1957)
  Birger and Fredrik Ljungström room at the Finspång Castle

References

20th-century Swedish inventors
1872 births
1948 deaths
Steam turbines
Swedish yacht designers
Swedish industrialists
19th-century Swedish businesspeople
Swedish company founders
Steam turbine locomotives
Swedish industrial designers
Swedish mechanical engineers
KTH Royal Institute of Technology alumni
Birger
20th-century Swedish engineers
19th-century Swedish engineers
19th-century Swedish inventors
Aerosila. SPE "Aerosila" () is the leading Russian firm in the field of development and manufacturing of aircraft propellers, propfans, auxiliary gas-turbine engines as well as aviation aggregates of different purpose including hydromechanical rotation frequency governors of propellers and power ballscrew mechanisms with integrated gearboxes for aircraft with a wing variable sweep, oil-pumps, air regulators, fans and others.

Since 1956 the enterprise started creation of auxiliary gas-turbine engines for APU. For a short period the enterprise has developed and put into operation the family of TA for the aircraft Tu-154, Tu-154M, Tu-134A, Tu-144, Tu-160, Tu-22M, Tu-204, Il-62, Il-62M, Il-76, Il-76MD, Yak-42, An-22, An-124, An-74, An-70, A-40, and the helicopter Mi-26. Since the 2010s, the company has been working on developing new auxiliary power units (APU) for the aircraft Yakovlev MC-21 and Beriev A-100

References

External links
Aerosila

Aircraft propeller manufacturers
Companies based in Moscow Oblast
Aircraft engine manufacturers of the Soviet Union
Aircraft component manufacturers of the Soviet Union
United Engine Corporation
Low field magnetoresistance. Colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) is a property in many perovskite oxides. However, the requirement of large external magnetic field hinders the potential applications. On one hand, people were looking for the physical mechanisms for the CMR originality. On the other hand, people were trying to find alternative ways to further improve the CMR effect.  Large magnetoresistance at relative low magnetic field had been reported in doped LaMnO3 polycrystal samples, rather than single crystal. The spin polarized tunneling and spin dependent scattering across large angle boundaries are responsible for the Low field magnetoresistance (LFMR).

In order to obtain LFMR in epitaxial thin films (single-crystal like materials), epitaxial strain has been used. Wang and Li reported an enhancement of the magnetoresistance  in 5- to 15-nm-thick Pr0.67Sr0.33MO3 films using out-of-plane tensile strain. In a conventional strain engineering framework, epitaxial strain is only effective below the critical thickness, which is usually less than a few tens of nanometers. Tuning electron transport by epitaxial strain has only been achieved in ultrathin layers because of the relaxation of epitaxial strains in relatively thick films.

Vertically aligned heteroepitaxial nanoscaffolding films have been proposed to generate strain in thick films. A vertical lattice strain as large as 2% has been achieved in La0.7Sr0.3MnO3:MgO vertical nanocomposites. The magnetoresistance, magnetic anisotropy, and magnetization can be tuned by the vertical strain in films over few hundred nanometers thick.

References

Thin films
ROKO Construction Company. ROKO Construction Limited, also Roko Construction Limited, is one of the top five construction companies in Uganda, according to Construction Review Online, as of April 2021. Headquartered in Kampala, Uganda's capital city, ROKO, as it is often referred to, is active in Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, DR Congo and South Sudan.

Overview
ROKO was established in 1969 by two engineers; the late Max Rohrer (1935–2005), a native of Germany and the late Rainer Gottlieb Koehler (1931–2013), a native of Switzerland. As of April 2021 the company employed over 850 full-time staff and over 1,180 temporary workers of diverse nationalities, including over 100 key staff, of whom about half are engineers.

Ownership
The business is privately owned by the families of the two original founders.

Subsidiaries and affiliates
As of April 2021, the company maintains the following affiliates and/or subsidiaries:

1. ROKO Rwanda Limited

2. ROKO South Sudan Limited

3. ROKO Congo Limited

4. ROKO Technical Services Limited

Governance
The Roko Construction board of directors has six members:

1. Jean Mann Koehler: Chairperson

2.  Mark Koehler: Managing Director

3.  Peter Mugarura: Director

4.  Brigitte Koehler: Director

Projects
This is a partial listing of past and current construction projects, where ROKO Construction is or was the lead contractor:

1. Basilica of the Uganda Martyrs, Namugongo: Work began in 1967 and was concluded in 1975. ROKO, the lead contractor, went back and carried out major renovations in 2015.

2. Mapeera House, the headquarters of Centenary Bank, on Kampala Road, in Kampala, Uganda's capital city. Construction began in 2007 and was completed in 2012.

3. DFCU House, the headquarters of DFCU Bank. Constructed at 46 Kyaddondo Road, on Nakasero Hill, from 2011 until 2013.

4. JLOS House Project, a three-component government office development project in Uganda's capital city of Kampala, to house the offices of the Justice, Law and Order Sector (JLOS).

Recent developments
As of November 2020, the government of Uganda owed Roko Construction Limited a sum of USh46,997,280,913.08 (approximately US$13 million) at that time, being payment for completed or ongoing work, according to Matia Kasaija, Uganda's Minister of Finance, as reported by the Red Pepper Newspaper. Roko was going through a temporary cash flow crunch at that time.

In July 2022, Ugandan online media reported that the Ugandan government was negotiating with the owners of the company, to acquire 150,000 preferential shares in the business, in exchange for UGX202.13 billion (approx. US$54.12 million). This comes at a time when ROKO has an estimated business pipeline, in excess of UGX1,204 billion (approx. US$325 million) in Uganda's oil sector.

See also
 Economy of Uganda
 Dott Services

References

External links
  Uganda's construction industry mourns Roko Construction Ltd's Founder As of 13 November 2013.

Construction and civil engineering companies of Uganda
Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1969
Companies based in Kampala
Kawempe Division
1969 establishments in Uganda
Sergei Petrovskii. Sergei Petrovskii is a Russian-born British mathematician whose research mostly focuses on modeling of complex ecological systems. He is a professor of Applied Mathematics at the University of Leicester. In 2015, he led a study that found that if the ocean temperature were to increase by about six degrees Celsius due to global warming, phytoplankton might stop producing oxygen. This would lead to shortages of oxygen in the atmosphere, which could be very harmful to humans. Petrovskii said, "About two thirds of the planet's total atmospheric oxygen is produced by ocean phytoplankton - and therefore cessation would result in the depletion of atmospheric oxygen on a global scale. This would likely result in the mass mortality of animals and humans." Petrovskii's study appeared in the Bulletin of Mathematical Biology.

Another stream of his research is modelling of biological invasions  where he discovered a new phenomenon called "patchy invasion". Contrary to a commonly used paradigm of alien species spread by a travelling population front, in the patchy invasion the invasive species spreads into new areas by creating individual patches not preceded by a front propagation. Patchy invasion has been observed in several invasions of insects and birds and has been studied theoretically using a variety of growth-dispersal models.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
English mathematicians
Academics of the University of Leicester