omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
SS Hoxie. Hoxie was a 4,714 ton cargo ship which was built in 1918. She was renamed Empire Albatross in 1940. In 1942, she was renamed Belgian Fisherman. In 1946 she was renamed Belgique and then Martha Hendrik Fisser in 1950. She was scrapped in 1958.

History

Pre Second World War

Hoxie was built by Bethlehem Steel Corporation, at Sparrows Point, Baltimore, as Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFC) hull number 4182. She was launched on 7 December 1918 and completed in March 1919. She was owned by the United States Shipping Board. Hoxie was chartered by the Baltimore Steam Ship Co in the 1920s. She passed to the United States Maritime Commission in 1937.

War service

Hoxie passed to the Ministry of War Transport in 1940 and was renamed Empire Albatross, under the management of Sir W Reardon Smith & Sons, Cardiff. Management later passed to Dene Management Co. She was a member of a number of convoys.

HX 145

Convoy HX 145 sailed from Halifax, Nova Scotia on 16 August 1941 and arrived at Liverpool on 31 August.

SC 74

Convoy SC 74 sailed from Halifax on 12 March 1942 and arrived at Liverpool on 28 March. Empire Albatross was carrying a cargo of steel and trucks. Her final destination was Hull.

In 1942, Empire Albatross was sold to the Belgian Government and renamed Belgian Fisherman, under the management of L Dens et Compagnie, Antwerp. On 28 February 1944, Belgian Fisherman was damaged in a collision with the SS Grodno near Safi en route to Gibraltar.

Post war

In 1946 Belgian Fisherman was sold to the Compagnie Royale Belgo-Argentine SA, Antwerp and renamed Belgique. In 1950, Belgique was sold for scrapping to Van Heyghen Frères, Gent, who resold her to Hendrik Fisser AG, Emden who renamed her Martha Hendrik Fisser. She served with them for eight years. Martha Hendrik Fisser was sold for scrapping to Walter Ritscher who resold her to Eckhardt & Co She was scrapped at Hamburg in the first quarter of 1958.

Official Number and code letters

Official numbers were a forerunner to IMO Numbers.

Hoxie had the American Official Number 217613 and used the code letters LQBF. Empire Albatross had the Official Number 168090 on Lloyds Register and used the code letters GNLF.

References

1918 ships
Ships built in San Francisco
Merchant ships of the United States
Steamships of the United States
Ministry of War Transport ships
Steamships of the United Kingdom
World War II merchant ships of Belgium
Steamships of Belgium
Merchant ships of West Germany
Steamships of West Germany
Ships built in Sparrows Point, Maryland
Armstrong Siddeley Ounce. The Armstrong Siddeley Ounce was a small two-cylinder aero engine developed by Armstrong Siddeley in 1920. The engine was originally conceived as a test piece but ran very well and was put into production for early ultralight aircraft and use in target drones. The Ounce used two cylinders from the preceding Jaguar I radial engine.

Applications
Bristol Babe
1920 redesigns of the '1917 Type Aerial Target'

Specifications (Ounce)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

Gunston, Bill. World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines. Cambridge, England. Patrick Stephens Limited, 1989. 
Lumsden, Alec. British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. .

External links

AS Ounce information and images at the Power House Museum, Sydney, Australia

Ounce
1920s aircraft piston engines
Crosstalk Mk.4. Crosstalk Mk.4 was a commercially available PC telecommunications and terminal emulation software package originally produced by Atlanta-based Crosstalk Communications, from the late 1980s through 1990, and by Digital Communications Associates (DCA) until the mid-1990s. Crosstalk Mk.4 was one of a suite of products produced by the company; others included the famed Crosstalk XVI, Crosstalk Communicator, Crosstalk for Windows, and Remote 2.

Its CASL scripting language, though not the program behind it, was still supported (by Micro Focus) in 2018.

Overview
Featuring multisession communications capabilities, Crosstalk Mk.4 allowed multiple serial ports to be used and controlled simultaneously. A powerful programming language called CASL (Crosstalk Application Scripting Language) provided full program and communications activity control, and enabled users to create a wide variety of custom applications.

The program was in widespread use globally and served the communications and equipment control needs of major conglomerates. The company having been acquired and reacquired, as of 2018 the CASL scripting language is supported by Micro Focus's InfoConnect Desktop offering.

History
".. first announced in 1985 and then reannounced in mid-1987 ... well worth the wait" was the opening to a January 1988 PC Magazine review. Actually, an earlier, functionally similar product named Crosstalk XVI, had been introduced in 1982. The XVI (16 in Roman numerals) represented the 16-bit processor of the PC; Mk.4 came somewhat later.

Digital Communications Associates acquired Microstuf, makers of the Crosstalk Communications package together with their flagship product, the Crosstalk terminal emulation program, in 1986. It was early 1987 when DCA won a look and feel lawsuit regarding Crosstalk.

Enhancements (including for Windows) continued into the early 1990s.

Awards
Crosstalk Mk.4 received many accolades during its production, including PC Magazine Editors' Choice and PC World Product of the Year awards.

See also
 BLAST (protocol)
 Kermit (protocol)

References

External links
 Crosstalk software (archive.org)
 
 Crosstalk Mk.4 Brochure Cover
 Crosstalk Mk.4 Box Front
 Crosstalk Mk.4 box and manual photos at the National Museum of American History

Communication software
Rotational Brownian motion. Rotational Brownian motion is the random change in the orientation of a polar molecule due to collisions with other molecules. It is an important element of theories of dielectric materials.

The polarization of a dielectric material is a competition between torques due to the imposed electric field, which tend to align the molecules, and collisions, which tend to destroy the alignment. The theory of rotational Brownian motion allows one to calculate the net result of these two competing effects, and to predict how the permittivity of a dielectric material depends on the strength and frequency of the imposed electric field.

Rotational Brownian motion was first discussed by Peter Debye, who applied Albert Einstein's theory of translational Brownian motion to the rotation of molecules having permanent electric dipoles.  Debye ignored inertial effects and assumed that the molecules were spherical, with an intrinsic, fixed dipole moment.  He derived expressions for the dielectric relaxation time and for the permittivity.  These formulae have been successfully applied to many materials.  However, Debye's expression for the permittivity predicts that the absorption tends toward a constant value when the frequency of the applied electric field becomes very large—the "Debye plateau".  This is not observed; instead, the absorption tends toward a maximum and then declines with increasing frequency.

The breakdown in Debye's theory in these regimes can be corrected by including inertial effects; allowing the molecules to be non-spherical; including dipole-dipole interactions between molecules; etc. These are computationally very difficult problems and rotational Brownian motion is a topic of much current research interest.

See also 
Debye relaxation
 Brownian surface

Further reading

References

External links
Random Walks of Ellipsoids Research carried out at the University of Pennsylvania in which the rotational Brownian motion of an isolated ellipsoidal particle was definitively measured.

Dielectrics
Wiener process
Rotation
Hampson Industries. Hampson Industries plc was a large British provider of engineering services to the aerospace and automotive industries. The company was listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE Fledgling Index. It is now in administration, which means it has become insolvent and is put under the control of Licensed Insolvency Practitioners.

History
The company was founded by Thomas "Tommy" Hampson Silk in 1947 in West Bromwich as an electrical engineering concern. It was first listed on the London Stock Exchange in 1966. In 1997 it acquired Arabis Machining Group.

It expanded into the United States in 2004 with the acquisition of Texstars Inc. Further acquisitions in the United States followed in 2005 with Coast Composites Inc. and Lamsco West Inc., in 2007 with Composites Horizon Inc. and in 2008 with Odyssey Industries Inc. and Global Tooling Systems Inc. for £158m. In November, 2012, American Industrial Partners (AIP) acquired the five U.S. operating aerospace subsidiaries of Hampson Industries and formed AIP Aerospace, LLC. Coast Composites, Global Tooling Systems, Odyssey Industries, and Texstars now trade under Ascent Aerospace. Composite Horizons was acquired by Precision Castparts (PCP) in July 2015.

Hampson Industries UK expanded into India in 2005 and set up a factory at Nelamangala, Bangalore. This factory still exists under the name Hampson Industries Pvt Ltd and is owned by noted Indian entrepreneur Mr. Sumanth Reddy.

Operations
The company is organised as follows:
Aerospace components and structures - includes engine casings for the Eurofighter Typhoon
Automotive - includes components for turbochargers for Audi and other makes of car

References

External links
Official site

Companies based in the West Midlands (county)
British companies established in 1947
Engineering companies of the United Kingdom
1947 establishments in England
Georges Fabre. Georges Fabre (;  – ) was a French forestry engineer, now best known for his role in creation of the Forêt Domaniale de l'Aigoual (Aigoual State Forest) and the weather observatory atop Mont Aigoual.

Fabre was born in Orléans, studied at the École polytechnique and the French National School of Forestry in Nancy, from which he graduated in 1868. From 1868-1875 he served as Guard General of Water and Forests in Dijon, then in Mende, after which he was named sub-inspector, then inspector, at Alès. As Gard's reforestation director until 1900, his major achievement was the development of the Forêt Domaniale de l'Aigoual and establishment of the meteorological observatory on its summit. In 1900 he was appointed curator of Forestry in Nîmes, which post he held until his retirement in 1909.

He died in 1911 in Nîmes.

Today the Forêt Domaniale de l'Aigoual extends across about 15,000 hectares, of which 11,000 are in Gard and the remainder in Lozère.

References 
 French Wikipedia entry
 La Maison des Cevennes article (French)

École Polytechnique alumni
French National School of Forestry alumni
Corps du génie rural des eaux et forêts
French conservationists
1844 births
1911 deaths
History of forestry
French foresters
Forestry in France
People from Orléans
Albert–Picardie Airport. Albert–Picardie Airport () , sometimes referred to as Albert–Picardy Airport, is an airport serving Albert, a commune of the Somme department in the Picardy (Picardie) region of northern France. The airport is located  southeast of Albert, in Bray-sur-Somme.

It is primarily used for the transportation of Airbus aircraft parts from the company's factory at Méaulte nearby. The airport's runway is large enough to accommodate Airbus' Beluga, a large cargo aircraft used to courier parts used in the construction of its own commercial jets.

The airport is also home to a flying club, which has a number of light aircraft based at the airfield; and to a society engaging in historic aircraft.

The British low-cost carrier Jet2.com announced and then cancelled a twice-weekly service to the Somme using this airport; flights were to start in April 2009.

On 28 January 2012, plans were unveiled to launch a twice-weekly service to Blackpool International Airport with Danish Air Transport using ATR 72s, however before the flights started, the route was cancelled.

At the end of 2013, a service to Toulouse, Dole and Nice was introduced under the "IGAvion" brand. The flights were operated by Skytaxi with Saab 340 aircraft.

History
The aerodrome was first created to serve the aircraft factory of Henry Potez, around 1924. The factory (a short distance from the current airport) was later merged, successively, into SNCAN, Nord Aviation, Aerospatiale, and finally Airbus.

Facilities
The airport resides at an elevation of  above mean sea level. It has one paved runway designated 09/27 which measures . It also has a parallel unpaved runway with a grass surface measuring .; it is mainly used by the local glider club.

Statistics

References

External links 
 Aéroport Albert Picardie official site
 
 

Airports in Hauts-de-France
Buildings and structures in Somme (department)
Boot File System. The Boot File System (named BFS on Linux, but BFS also refers to the Be File System) was used on UnixWare to store files necessary to its boot process.

It does not support directories, and only allows contiguous allocation for files, to make it simpler to be used by the boot loader.

Implementations

Besides the UnixWare support, Martin Hinner wrote a bfs kernel module for Linux that supports it.

He documented the file system layout as part of the process.

The Linux kernel implementation of BFS was written by Tigran Aivazian and it became part of the standard kernel sources on 28 October 1999 (Linux version 2.3.25).

The original BFS was written at AT&T Bell Laboratories for the UNIX System V, Version 4.0 porting base in 1986.  It was written by Ron Schnell, who is also the author of Dunnet (game).

BFS was the first non-S5 (System V) Filesystem written using VFS (Virtual Filesystem) for AT&T UNIX.

References

Disk file systems
Linux
Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Depot – Delmar. Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Depot – Delmar is a historic building located in Delmar, Iowa, United States. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

History
The original station was built in Delmar in the 1870s and the present structure was built for the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul & Pacific Railroad (Milwaukee Road) in 1905. The depot is a rectangular, single story, wood-frame building built of a standard design for rural stations. There were waiting rooms (one for men and the other for women) at one end of the depot and a freight room at the other end. While this was not unusual in the Eastern United States, it was a unique design for the Midwest.  In between the waiting rooms and the freight room was the station agent's office.

Delmar owes its existence to railroads. Three railroads converged there in the late 1870s and it was named Delmar Junction. Eventually, only the Milwaukee Road remained and was a strong influence on the development of the town. The depot was located on the Milwaukee Road's mainline from Chicago to Omaha.

The depot remained in use until 1977. After that, it remained vacant until it was purchased by the City of Delmar. The last freight train used the station in 1982.  Restoration of the building began in 1995, and it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997. It now houses the Delmar Depot Museum, which contains a collection of over 1,500 historical items. The site also includes an old caboose named "Elizabeth" and a mural on the old viaduct wall that commemorates the Orphan Train.

References

Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in Iowa
Delmar, Iowa
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1905
Transportation buildings and structures in Clinton County, Iowa
National Register of Historic Places in Clinton County, Iowa
1905 establishments in Iowa
1977 disestablishments in Iowa
Former railway stations in Iowa
Museums in Clinton County, Iowa
Railway stations in the United States closed in 1977
Heeresfeldbahnlokomotive HF 160 D. The German narrow gauge steam locomotives of military field railway (Heeresfeldbahn) class HF 160 D were  tender locomotives developed for wartime service during the Second World War. The engines were also classified as Kriegsdampflokomotive 11 (wartime steam locomotive 11) or KDL 11. After the war the locomotives were put to use for civilian purposes.

HF 160 D in Austria
In the Austrian Federal Railway (ÖBB), the locomotives were grouped into Class 699. Class 699.1 was a rebuild of the engines into tank locomotives. Class 699 engines could be encountered on several ÖBB narrow gauge railways:  the Bregenzerwald Railway, the Pinzgau Railway, the Waldviertel Narrow Gauge Railway, the Vellach Valley Railway and the Steyr Valley Railway. Six engines had been retired by 1973, number 699.103 belonged to the operating fleet of the Steyrtalbahn until its withdrawal in 1982.

Post 1945
 Société Franco-Belge 2817/1944: HF 2817 → ÖBB 699.101 → Gurk Valley Railway 699.101, operational
 Société Franco-Belge 2818/1944: HF 2818 → ÖBB 699.01 → Club 760 699.01, working, in use on the Taurachbahn
 Société Franco-Belge 2819/1944: HF 2819 → ÖBB 699.102
 Société Franco-Belge 2821/1944: HF 2821 → ÖBB 699.103
 Société Franco-Belge 2822/1944: HF 2822 → ÖBB 699.02 → ? → Deutsches Technikmuseum Berlin, not working
 Société Franco-Belge 2836/1945: ? → CFCD No. 10, working, Chemin de fer Froissy-Dompierre (APPEVA), France
 Société Franco-Belge 2843/1945: ? → AMTP Nr. 4-12, converted to  rail gauge, working, Pithiviers, France;  L'Association du Musée des Transports de Pithiviers
 Société Franco-Belge 2844/1945: ? → No. unknown, converted to  rail gauge, not working, Bligny sur Ouches, France, http://www.lepetittraindebligny.com/ 
 Société Franco-Belge 2845/1945: ? → Le Petit Train de la Vallee de la Doller (), France (loco converted to standard gauge)
 Société Franco-Belge 2855/1944: HF 2855 → SKGLB 19 –without tender→ STLB 699.01 → W&LLR No. 10 Sir Drefaldwyn, Powys, Wales, Great Britain
 Société Franco-Belge 2856/1944: HF 2856 → ÖBB 699.03
 Société Franco-Belge 2857/1944: HF 2857 → ÖBB 699.104

See also
Heeresfeldbahn - German military field railways

References 

 
 
 
 
 

Military locomotives of Germany
Military railway equipment
Franco-Belge locomotives
750 mm gauge locomotives
0-8-0T locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1944
193 Squadron (Israel). The 193 Squadron of the Israeli Air Force (IAF), also known as the Maritime Helicopters Squadron and operates on behalf of the Israeli Navy.

The squadron flies AS565 Panther helicopters.

Aircraft

The squadron was established in June 1987, flying the Eurocopter HH-65A Dolphin from Palmachim Airbase. After the loss of one airframe in 1996, the IAF retired the remaining HH-65A in 1997. Both airframes were test airframes from the United States Coast Guard.

The squadron is home to seven AS565 Panther helicopters based at either Ramat David Airbase or Palmachim Airbase. These helicopters are also assigned and can land on the Sa'ar 5-class corvettes.  One Panther helicopter crashed on January 3, 2022 killing two airmen and injuring a naval officer.  In 2015 the IAF ordered eight Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawks (US Navy surplus) to replace the Panthers, with delivery expected in 2024.

Operations

Anti Smuggling Operation

On May 5, 2001, the squadron took part in the capture of the ship " Santorini " which left northern Lebanon towards the Gaza Strip carrying many weapons intended for the Gaza militants.

On May 21, 2003, the squadron took part in the capture of the ship "Abu Hassan" which was sailing in the Mediterranean Sea on its way from Lebanon to the Gaza Strip . The squadron operated alongside the sea patrol arm in Squadron 120, which operates seagull aircraft, and in cooperation with the Steel Fleet in locating and tracking the ship, and also accompanied Shayetet 13 in the operation to take over the ship, which was carried out successfully. Hezbollah member Hamad Maslam Musabu Hamra was captured on the ship and with him a device Combat and many training materials intended for Palestinians.

Second Lebanon War
On July 14, 2006, around 8:30 p.m., while operating off the coast of Beirut in the Second Lebanon War, INS Hanit was hit in the rear by a C-802 anti-ship missile launched by Hezbollah . The missile hit a crane in the stern, armed, but did not penetrate the steel crane structure and slipped. A fire broke out in the right section under the helipad, and four soldiers were killed: Major Dov Sternshus, who was in charge of training and an aircraft mechanic in the squadron, and Sgt. Tal Amgar, who served as an avionics technician in the squadron. A "bat" helicopter that was on the airstrip was damaged by the missile and was taken out of the squadron headquarters for repairs. On August 11, 2008, a ceremony was held at the Ramat David Airbase to mark the return of the helicopter, which underwent a series of repairs and tests by the base's maintenance squadron.

Emblem
The squadron's emblem was designed by the graphic artist Orna Shefa, at the request of her brother and the first commander of the squadron, Lt. Col. Moshe Ararat. The emblem she designed beat all the proposals of the Air Force's graphic artists. The emblem shows a " manta ray " type fish whose floating motion in the water represents the combination of Flight and sailing.

References

Israeli Air Force squadrons
Heeresfeldbahnlokomotive. A Heeresfeldbahnlokomotive is the German term for a special wartime locomotive (Kriegslokomotive) for employment on military field railways (Heeresfeldbahnen), railways usually designed to transport military supplies to the front line.

Classes

Germany

Steam locomotives World War I
 Zwilling
 Brigadelokomotive

Steam locomotives World War II
(KDL = Kriegsdampflokomotive)
 HF 70 C (KDL 12)
 HF 110 C 
 HF 160 D (KDL 11)
 HF 210 E

Diesel locomotives World War II

(KML = Kriegsmotorlokomotive)
 HF 200 D
 HF 130 C (KML 3)
 HF 50 B (KML 4)
 HF 40 B (Industrie class Deutz OMZ 122 F for bridging the gap whilst the HF 50 B was being designed)

Preserved 
German Heeresfeldbahnlokomotiven preserved in Germany after the Second World War:

in Germany

Steam locomotives 
 HF 70 C (KDL 12)
 HF 110 C (JLKB Nos. 1, 4 and 5): Nicki + Frank S. (Slg. Seidensticker)
 HF 160 D (KDL 11)
 HF 210 E: Aquarius C (Slg. Seidensticker)

Diesel locomotives 
 HF 200 D: none
 HF 130 C (KML 3)
 HF 50 B (KML 4)

in Austria 
Many Heeresfeldbahnlokomotiven were left in Austria after the war; as a result many of these locomotives were used by Austrian railway companies.

Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB)

Steam locomotives 
 ÖBB Class 798 (HF 110 C)
 ÖBB Class 699, 699.1 (HF 160 D)

Diesel locomotives 
 ÖBB Class 2092 (HF 130 C)

Salzkammergut-Lokalbahn (SKGLB)

Steam locomotives 
 SKGLB 19 (HF 160 D)
 SKGLB 22 (HF 210 E)
 SKGLB 32 (HF 110 C)
 SKGLB 33 (HF 110 C)

Diesel locomotives 
 SKGLB D 40 (HF 200 D)

in Poland

Diesel locomotives 
 Lx 164 (HF 200 D, Sochaczew narrow gauge museum)

in Namibia

Steam locomotives 
 Swakopmund-Windhuk Staatsbahn Zwillinge, Number 154A (154B is lost) on a plinth under a shelter outside Windhoek Station.

Military railways
Military locomotives of Germany
Preserved steam locomotives of Germany
Preserved diesel locomotives
Military railway equipment
A320 (disambiguation). A320 usually refers to the Airbus A320 family of short- to medium-range commercial passenger airliners manufactured by Airbus.

A320 may also refer to:
 "A320" (song) by the Foo Fighters, from the 1998 soundtrack of Godzilla
 A320 Airbus (video game), a 1991 flight simulator computer game
 A320 road (Great Britain)
 Dingoo A320, a micro-sized gaming handheld that supports music and video playback and open game development
 the A320 chipset for AMD's Socket AM4 microprocessor platform