omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Petr Engelmeyer. Peter Klimentjevich Engelmeyer (10 April 1855 – 7 July 1942) was a Russian engineer and proponent of technology and positivism.

Engelmeyer was of German origin.

Engelmeyer was in correspondence with the Austrian physicist and philosopher of science Ernst Mach. He informed Mach of his growing influence in Russia, affecting such scientists as Nikolay Yegorovich Zhukovsky.

Engelmeier regarded all human activity as falling into three major categories: scientific, artistic and technical.

Publications
 1898 Tekhnicheskij itog XIX veka. (Technical sum of the XIX century) Moscow: Tipografija
 1910  Teorija tvorchestva (Theory of creativity) St. Petersburg: Obrazovanije
 1911 Tvorcheskaya lichnost’ i sreda v oblasti tekhnicheskikh izobretenij (Creative individual and context in the sphere of technical innovation) St. Petersburg: Obrazovanije
 1912 Filosofija tekhniki. Vypusk 2. Sovremennaja filosofija (Philosophy of technology. Ed. 2. Contemporary philosophy)
 1912  Filosofija tekhniki Vypusk 3. (Philosophy of technology. Ed. 3) Moscow: Nasha
 1913 Filosofija tekhniki. Vypusk 4. Technizism (Philosophy of technology, Ed. 4. Technicism)
 1915 "V zasshitu obssikh idej v tekhnike" (Defending the general ideas of technology) in Vestnik inzhenerov Vol 1. No. 3 February Moscow
 1925  Kak nado i kak ne nado izeobretat’ Konspect lekzij s diapositivami. (How we should and should not invent: Lecture notes) Moscow: Izdatel’stvo
 1929 Nuzhna li nam filosofija tekhniki? (Do we need philosophy of technology?) in Inzhenernyj trud'', Vol. 2, No. 15 January, Moscow

References

1855 births
1942 deaths
Philosophers from the Russian Empire
Soviet philosophers
Engineers from the Russian Empire
People from the Russian Empire of German descent
Sanjay Ghemawat. Sanjay Ghemawat (born 1966 in West Lafayette, Indiana) is an Indian American computer scientist and software engineer. He is currently a Senior Fellow at Google in the Systems Infrastructure Group. Ghemawat's work at Google, much of it in close collaboration with Jeff Dean, has included big data processing model MapReduce, the Google File System, and databases Bigtable and Spanner. Wired has described him as one of the "most important software engineers of the internet age".

Ghemawat was elected as a member into the National Academy of Engineering in 2009 for contributions to the science and engineering of large-scale distributed computer systems.

Education and early career 
Ghemawat was born in West Lafayette, Indiana and grew up in Kota, Rajasthan. He studied at Cornell University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He obtained a PhD from MIT in 1995, with a dissertation titled, The Modified Object Buffer: A Storage Management Technique for Object-Oriented Databases. His advisors were Barbara Liskov and Frans Kaashoek.

Before joining Google, Ghemawat worked at the DEC Systems Research Center. There he began his long-time collaboration with Jeff Dean, who worked at another DEC research lab nearby. Their work at DEC included a Java compiler and a system profiling tool.

Career at Google 
After DEC was acquired by Compaq, many of its researchers left the company. Dean took a position at the newly founded search-engine company Google, and was joined by Ghemawat in 1999. The two began working on Google's core infrastructure, making improvements to cope with the search engine's rapid growth in users in the early 2000s.

Ghemawat's work at Google includes:

 Original design of Protocol Buffers, an open-source data interchange format.
 MapReduce, a system for large-scale data processing applications.
 Google File System, is a proprietary distributed file system developed to provide efficient, reliable access to data using large clusters of commodity hardware. 
 Spanner, a scalable, multi-version, globally distributed, and synchronously replicated database.
 Bigtable, a large-scale semi-structured storage system.
 LevelDB, an open-source on-disk key-value store.
 TensorFlow, an open-source machine-learning software library.
 Service Weaver, an open-source framework for writing distributed applications.

Awards and honors 
Ghemawat was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2009, and to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2016. In 2012, he and Dean received the ACM Prize in Computing for their work on internet infrastructure, and the ACM SIGOPS Mark Weiser Award.

Selected publications

References 

1966 births
Living people
American people of Indian descent
American computer scientists
American software engineers
Digital Equipment Corporation people
Google employees
Google Fellows
Cornell University alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Recipients of the ACM Prize in Computing
Ludwig Mach. Ludwig Mach (8 November 1868 Prague – September 1951) was an Austrian physician and chemist.

Building on the work of Ludwig Zehnder in 1891, Mach added refinements to an instrument which became known as the Mach–Zehnder interferometer. He went on to employ photography for collecting visual data streamlines in the field of Aerodynamics.

Ludwig is the son of the physicist Ernst Mach.

In 1894 he registered the patent for Magnalium, an aluminum alloy with 2 to 30% magnesium, which was to be the precursor of the entire 5000 series of aluminum alloys. Its commercialization brought him significant profits.

See also
Velocimetry

References

1868 births
1951 deaths
Austrian physicists
Austrian chemists
Scientists from Austria-Hungary
Scientists from Prague
People's Movement to Stop Haze. People's Movement to Stop Haze (PM.Haze) is a non-governmental organisation based in Singapore. It was founded in 2014 in response to the 2013 Southeast Asian haze, which has been recognised as one of the most serious haze episodes in over 16 years. PM.Haze started its work with an investigative research project to fire-prone areas in Riau Province, Indonesia and identified peatland degradation due to mismanagement of concession lands by irresponsible companies as the fundamental cause of the fires in the areas and the resulting transboundary haze pollution.   In 2016, it became registered as a society. In 2017, it underwent a rebranding exercise and adopted a new logo to symbolise a constant flow for fresh, clean air with an arrow pointed upward to represent constructive action towards this. PM.Haze was mentioned by Minister for the Environment and Water Resources Masagos Zulkifli as he delivered Singapore's national statement at the United Nations Environment Assembly in Nairobi in December 2017.

Aims 

As a people's movement, it focuses on outreach, research and advocacy on haze related concerns. It aims to empower people with the knowledge, values and means to be drivers of global action to stop the haze and ultimately attain clean air for present and future generations.

Work 

PM.Haze conducts advocacy workshops, research efforts, and runs campaigns to increase awareness. It took part in the ASEAN Forum of National Bioethics Committees (NBCs) on Haze Pollution in Jakarta, Indonesia on 6 and 7 December 2017.

PM.Haze also conducts trips to Indonesia and Malaysia called "People's Expedition to Experience Peat (PEEP)". This is one of its on-the-ground solutions to enable people to experience the realities on the ground while directly helping out in projects to prevent fires and haze. In May 2017, it went to Sungei Tohor, a small village in the Riau province in Indonesia to build a canal block as part of the solution to stop haze.

Campaigns

2015: We Breathe What We Buy 
In 2015, PM.Haze launched the "We Breathe What We Buy" campaign in conjunction with the World Wildlife Foundation (WWF). This campaign uses the #XtheHaze tagline to encourage people to switch to brands that produce sustainable palm oil.

2016: Go Haze Free 
Following from this, the #GoHazeFree campaign was launched in 2016. It aims to encourage businesses to change to sustainable palm oil.

References 

Environmental organisations based in Singapore
Southeast Asian haze
Political movements in Singapore
2014 establishments in Singapore
Russell Varian Prize. The Russell Varian Prize was an international scientific prize awarded for a single, high-impact and innovative contribution in the field of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), that laid the foundation for the development of new technologies in the field. It honored the memory of Russell Varian, the pioneer behind the creation of the first commercial NMR spectrometer and the co-founder, in 1948, of Varian Associates, one of the first high-tech companies in Silicon Valley. The prize carried a monetary award of €15,000 and it was awarded annually between the years 2002 and 2015 (except for 2003) by a committee of experts in the field. The award ceremony alternated between the European Magnetic Resonance (EUROMAR) Conference and the International Council on Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems (ICMRBS) Conference. Originally, the prize was sponsored by Varian, Inc. and later by Agilent Technologies, after the latter acquired Varian, Inc. in 2010. The prize was discontinued in 2016 after Agilent Technologies closed its NMR division.

Russell Varian Prize Awardees
2002 Jean Jeener. Contribution: Multi-dimensional Fourier NMR spectroscopy. 
2004 Erwin L. Hahn. Contribution: Spin echo phenomena and experiments.
2005 Nicolaas Bloembergen. Contribution: Nuclear magnetic relaxation.
2006 John S. Waugh. Contribution: Average Hamiltonian theory.
2007 Alfred G. Redfield. Contribution: Relaxation Theory. 
2008 Alexander Pines. Contribution: Cross-polarization method for NMR in solids.
2009 Albert W. Overhauser. Contribution: Nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE).
2010 Martin Karplus. Contribution: Karplus equation.
2011 Gareth A. Morris. Contribution: INEPT pulse sequence.
2012 Ray Freeman and Weston A. Anderson. Contribution: Double resonance.
2013 Lucio Frydman. Contribution: Ultrafast NMR.
2014 Ad Bax. Contribution: Homonuclear broad band decoupled absorption spectra.
2015 Malcolm Levitt. Contribution: Composite pulses.

See also

 List of physics awards

References 

Science and technology awards
Physics awards
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Awards established in 2002
Awards disestablished in 2016
ASM-N-6 Omar. The ASM-N-6 Omar was a short-range air-to-surface missile developed for and evaluated by the United States Navy in the early 1950s. Intended to use existing unguided rockets as a basis and using a novel guidance system involving optical beam-riding, the program was unable to resolve difficulties with the guidance system and was cancelled without entering service.

Design and development
Designed by Eastman Kodak in response to an urgent requirement by the U.S. Navy for a stand-off air-to-ground weapon for use in the Korean War, the Omar, designated XASM-N-6, was authorized for development on 20 August 1951. Based on the airframe of the standard  High Velocity Aircraft Rocket, cruciform fins were mounted at the mid and aft portions of the rocket body to provide stabilization and control. An optical beam riding guidance system was developed for use with Omar; the launching aircraft would project an intense beam of light at the target, and aft-facing sensors on the missile would track the light source, keeping the missile on course to its target. The Omar shared some parts of its control system with the AAM-N-7 Sidewinder air-to-air missile.

Operational history
Test launches of Omar began in late 1951; testing showed that the guidance system failed to prove as effective as had been expected. Issues were found with the beam of light "spreading" as it covered the distance to the target, and the issue of the launching aircraft having to remain on course to the target, a common issue with early guided missiles, could not be solved; in mid-1952 the program was cancelled, funding being redirected to the Sidewinder program. The following year a modification of the seeker head, nicknamed "Ramo" (for 'reverse Omar') was tested, evaluating a frequency modulation system to encode the light beam to refine the guidance. This proved no more effective, and the system was cancelled entirely, although some details of the frequency encoding were used in the development of the SAM-N-7 Terrier program.

References

Citations

Bibliography

External links

Air-to-surface missiles of the United States
Abandoned military rocket and missile projects of the United States
Kodak
Alberg 30. The Alberg 30 is a Canadian sailboat, that was designed by Carl Alberg and first built in 1962.

The Alberg 30 incorporates design elements from the similar Alberg Odyssey 30 of two years earlier.

Production
The boat was built by Whitby Boat Works in Canada, who completed more than 700 examples between 1962 and 1987, but it is now out of production.

Construction was changed during the production run. Early models have a laminated wood mast brace and no liner, with a masonite-cored deck that drains overboard via the toe rail. Later models feature an aluminum mast brace inside a molded fiberglass liner, balsa-cored decks that drain through cockpit scupper drain hoses. Some boats built during the transitional period have mixed features.

Design

The Alberg 30 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fibreglass, with wood trim. It has a masthead sloop rig, a keel-mounted rudder and a fixed long keel. It displaces  and carries  of iron ballast.

The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel.

The boat was factory fitted with a range of inboard engines. These included a Gray Marine gasoline engine of , a Universal Atomic 4 gasoline engine of , a Bukh single cylinder diesel engine of , a Volvo Penta MD7A diesel engine or a Volvo 2002 diesel engine. The fuel tank holds  and the fresh water tank has a capacity of .

The boat has a PHRF racing average handicap of 228 with a high of 240 and low of 219. It has a hull speed of .

Operational history
In a review Michael McGoldrick wrote, "The design of the Alberg 30 dates back to 1961, and some of its features and appearance are reminiscent of the old wooded sailboats of the 1950s and 1940s. It is interesting to note that when they first started making sailboats out of fiberglass, they tended to build up the hull and other structural areas to the same thickness that would have been found on wooden boats. This extra fiberglass resulted in extremely strong and rugged boats, and this is certainly true of the Alberg 30. In terms of both design and construction, it is one of the more seaworthy 30 footers available on the used market in Canada. Nevertheless, the age of the Alberg 30 design translates into a boat with a narrow beam and limited interior room, and its full keel means it will not have the same pointing ability as a fin keel boat. But the Alberg 30 has a truly devoted following who believe its time-honoured appearance will not go out of style, and who appreciate the boat for its bluewater cruising potential."

See also
List of sailing boat types

Similar sailboats
Annie 30
Bahama 30
Bristol 29.9
Catalina 30
Catalina 309
C&C 30
C&C 30 Redwing
CS 30
Grampian 30
Hunter 30
Hunter 30T
Hunter 30-2
Hunter 306
Leigh 30
Mirage 30
Nonsuch 30
O'Day 30
Pearson 303
S2 9.2
Southern Cross 28

References

External links

Keelboats
1960s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Sailboat type designs by Carl Alberg
Sailboat types built by Whitby Boat Works
Richard Vuduc. Richard Vuduc is a tenured professor of computer science at the Georgia Institute of Technology. His research lab, The HPC Garage, studies high-performance computing, scientific computing, parallel algorithms, modeling, and engineering. He is a member of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). As of 2022, Vuduc serves as Vice President of the SIAM Activity Group on Supercomputing. He has co-authored over 200 articles in peer-reviewed journals and conferences.

Education 
Dr. Vuduc received his Ph.D. in computer science from the University of California, Berkeley, in 2004. He received his B.S in computer science at Cornell University in 1997. He is also an alumnus of the Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology in Alexandria, Virginia.

Academic career 
Vuduc was a Postdoctoral Scholar in the Center for Advanced Scientific Computing at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. He has served as an associate editor of both the International Journal of High-Performance Computing Applications and IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems. He co-chaired the Technical Papers Program of the “Supercomputing” (SC) Conference in 2016 and was later elected to be Vice President of the SIAM Activity Group on Supercomputing from 2016 to 2018. He also served as department’s Associate Chair and Director of its graduate (MS & Ph.D.) programs from 2013-2016.

Major honors and awards 
 Member of the DARPA Computer Science Study Group
 Recipient NSF CAREER award
 Collaborative Gordon Bell Prize 2010
 Lockheed-Martin Aeronautics Company Dean’s Award for Teaching Excellence 2013
 Best Paper Awards, including the SIAM Conference on Data Mining (SDM, 2012) and IEEE Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS, 2015)

Major publications

References 

Living people
Georgia Tech faculty
Cornell University alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Jiang Zhuping. Jiang Zhuping (; born November 1937) is a Chinese retired aerospace engineer and politician. He served as Director of the Civil Aviation Administration of China and Governor and Communist Party Secretary of Hubei Province.

Biography
Jiang Zhuping was born in November 1937 in Yixing, Jiangsu Province. He is the son of Jiang Nanxiang, who served as education minister of China. He joined the work force in 1956 and the Chinese Communist Party in 1960. He graduated in 1963 from the Harbin Military Engineering Institute with a degree in Guided Missile Engineering.

After graduation Jiang worked as an engineer at the No. 5 National Defense Institute, and later became deputy director of the aircraft design institute of the Nanchang Aircraft Factory in Jiangxi and party secretary of a division of the Ministry of Aerospace Industry.

In 1985, he was appointed Executive Vice-Governor of Jiangxi Province, and in 1988 he became concurrently Deputy Party Secretary of Jiangxi. He served in both positions until 1991. From February 1991 to December 1993, he served as Director of the Civil Aviation Administration of China. He then served as Governor of Hubei Province from 1995 to January 2001, and as Communist Party Secretary of Hubei from December 2000 to December 2001.

Jiang was a member of the 14th and the 15th Central Committees of the Chinese Communist Party.

References

1937 births
Living people
Chinese Communist Party politicians from Jiangsu
People's Republic of China politicians from Jiangsu
People from Yixing
Governors of Hubei
Vice-governors of Jiangxi
Directors of the Civil Aviation Administration of China
Harbin Engineering University alumni
Chinese aerospace engineers
Members of the 14th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
Members of the 15th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
Engineers from Jiangsu
Politicians from Wuxi
TDU-12/B Skydart. The TDU-12/B Skydart was an unguided target rocket built by Curtiss-Wright for use by the United States Air Force. It was used operationally from the late 1950s to the mid-1960s.

Design and development
Skydart, designated TDU-12/B by the U.S. Air Force, was developed by the Santa Barbara Division of Curtiss-Wright. It was designed for use as a target for practice with infrared homing air-to-air missiles such as the AIM-9 Sidewinder and AIM-4 Falcon. It had a small cylindrical body fitted with four cruciform fins aft for control and fixed forwards canards to set the rocket's trajectory. Propulsion was by a dual-thrust boost-sustain solid-propellant rocket supplied by the Grand Central Rocket Company and the Hercules Powder Company. A gyroscopic-driven autopilot stabilized the rocket in flight. An infrared flare was installed to provide signature enhancement for training purposes, and the rocket could be equipped with a telemetry system. Skydart was designed to use a common launching rail and electronic connections to the launch aircraft as Sidewinder. Launch would be undertaken at speeds between Mach 0.8 and 2.0. Design endurance was nominally 90 seconds, but in service 110-second endurance was demonstrated.

Operational history
A $470,000 contract was awarded to Curtiss-Wright by the USAF for production of Skydart. Launched from F-100 Super Sabre and F-104 Starfighter fighters, Skydart was used throughout the early-to-mid 1960s, but was out of service before the end of the decade. Proposals for improved versions of Skydart, including a ground-launched version and an enlarged target drone, do not appear to have been developed.

References

Citations

Bibliography

Curtiss-Wright Company
Equipment of the United States Air Force
Target missiles
Asuman Özdağlar. Asu Özdağlar (born December 16, 1974) is a Turkish American computer scientist and a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Early life
She was born to İsmail Özdağlar and Zahide Özdağlar on December 16, 1974. Her father İsmail Özdağlar was a former Minister of State, between December 13, 1983, and January 15, 1985, in the 45th government of Turkey.

Career
Özdağlar attended the Middle East Technical University (METU) in Ankara, earning a BS degree in Electrical Engineering in 1996. She then pursued further studies at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where she obtained an SM degree in 1998 and a PhD in 2003, both in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. She has served as an assistant professor (2003), associate professor (2008), and professor (2012) in the same university. 

Her research expertise includes optimization, machine learning, economics, and networks. Her recent research focuses on designing incentives and algorithms for data-driven online systems with many diverse human-machine participants. She has investigated issues of data ownership and markets, spread of misinformation on social media, economic and financial contagion, and social learning.

In 2017, she was named the new head of the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) at MIT. Her predecessor Anantha Chandrakasan said: "Professor Ozdaglar is an inspiring researcher and has emerged as a true leader in the areas of optimization theory and algorithms, game theory, and networks."

References

Living people
1974 births
Middle East Technical University alumni
Turkish electronics engineers
MIT School of Engineering alumni
MIT School of Engineering faculty
Turkish expatriates in the United States
Turkish engineering academics
Expatriate academics in the United States
Turkish women academics
Turkish academics