omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
MV Robert W.. M/V Robert W. is a tugboat that was built by the Russel Brothers Ltd. shipbuilding company in Owen Sound, Ontario, in 1948.  The tug is 60 feet long, 16 feet wide, 8 feet 4 inches in depth, and of 48.5 gross tons. It was originally powered by two Cummins NHMS 6-cylinder marine diesel engines originally producing 175 hp each but has been repowered with 2 cummins model NT380M marine engines producing approximately 400 BHP each; the tug originally had a Sheppard 32-volt DC diesel generator for auxiliary power but has been replaced in the mid-1990s with a Lister Diesel model ST2 2-cylinder air-cooled diesel 120-volt AC generator. It was built in 1948 for the Long Lac Pulp & Paper Co. Ltd in Toronto, Ontario, until purchased by Thunder Bay Marine Services in Thunder Bay, Ontario, in 1990.
In 2 locations on the Robert W. there are factory brass plaques that state the vessel is boat number 791, length is 60 feet, beam is 16 feet, and year 1948.

See also

References

1948 ships
Ships built in Ontario
Tugboats of Canada
Tugboats on the Great Lakes
Hocheng Hong. Hocheng Hong () is a Taiwanese academic and mechanical engineer. He served as the Deputy Minister of the National Science Council of the Executive Yuan from 2012 to 2014 and is the current president of National Tsing Hua University. He is the younger brother of Hochen Tan.

Education 
Hong graduated from National Taiwan University with a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering and earned a Diplom in the subject from RWTH Aachen University in Germany. He then went to the United States and earned a Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from the University of California, Berkeley.

References

Ministers of science and technology of Taiwan
Living people
Academic staff of the National Taiwan University
Presidents of universities and colleges in Taiwan
Year of birth missing (living people)
Cable grommet. A cable grommet  is a tube or ring through which an electrical cable passes. They are usually made of rubber or metal.

The grommet is usually inserted in holes in certain materials in order to protect, improve friction or seal cables passing through it, from a possible mechanical or chemical attack.

Grommets used as wire managers for furniture

A grommet can be used in furniture to protect wires, cables or cords for computer equipment or other electronic equipment in homes or offices. At the same time, they are used decoratively to embellish the furniture and can be bought in a large variety of sizes, colors and finishes.

The grommets usually consist of two pieces: A liner that goes into the hole of the furniture and a cap with a hole (often adjustable in size) for the cables to go through.

When there is no need to use them they can be blanked either by turning one piece 90° against the other or by inserting an extra plastic piece designed to fit that purpose.

Rubber grommets "anti-microphonism" 
A  rubber grommet  is made of a resilient material (typically rubber), with the molding designed to hold it in place, so as to help to absorb vibrations, for example, between a tandem radio and the chassis or between microphone and its tripod, keeping the two components "floating" mechanically decoupled one from another to prevent a characteristic coupling  called microphonism .

See also 
 Cable entry system
 Cable gland

References

External links 

Radio technology
Fasteners
Apollo Jet Star. The Apollo  Jet Star is a Hungarian ultralight trike, designed and produced by Apollo Ultralight Aircraft of Eger. The aircraft is supplied as a kit for amateur construction or as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Design and development
The Jet Star was designed to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category as well as the US light-sport aircraft category. It features a cable-braced or strut-braced hang glider-style high-wing, weight-shift controls, a two-seats-in-tandem, open cockpit, tricycle landing gear with wheel pants and a single engine in pusher configuration.

The Jet Star is accepted in the United States as both an Experimental and Special Light-sport aircraft.

The aircraft is made from bolted-together aluminum tubing, with its double surface wing covered in Dacron sailcloth. The aircraft uses an "A" frame weight-shift control bar. The main landing gear uses strut-type suspension, rather than the leaf-type suspension used on the Apollo Delta Jet series. The powerplant options include the twin cylinder, liquid-cooled, two-stroke, dual-ignition  Rotax 582 engine, the four cylinder, air and liquid-cooled, four-stroke, dual-ignition  Rotax 912 or  Rotax 912S engine.

The aircraft has an empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload is .

A number of different wings can be fitted to the basic carriage, including the cable-braced Aeros Profi, the cable-braced Air Creation iXess, the strut-braced Aeros Profi TL or the strut-braced Gibbogear Manta Ray 12.5.

Specifications (Jet Star)

References

External links

2000s Hungarian sport aircraft
2000s Hungarian ultralight aircraft
Light-sport aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Ultralight trikes
Apollo Ultralight Aircraft aircraft
Andal Junction railway station. Andal Junction is a railway station on the Bardhaman–Asansol line. The Andal–Sainthia and Andal–Sitarampur branch lines both include colliery siding and start from Andal. It serves Andal area of Durgapur and the surrounding mining-industrial areas.

Electrification
The Barddhaman–Asansol sectoion was electrified in 1960–61.

Facilities

Locomotive shed
Andal has a diesel locomotive shed. It houses WDS-6, WDM-2, WDM 3A, WDG-3A, WDG-4 and WDG-4D locomotives. The first WDM-2 manufactured by Banaras Locomotive Works is in Andal locomotive shed.

Marshalling yard
Andal Yard is one of the largest in the Eastern Railway section. Coal loaded at various colliery sidings is hauled to the yard by diesel locomotives. Coal is supplied in rakes to thermal power plants at Bakreshwar, Farrakka and Sagardighi. Substantial amounts of coal are dispatched to destinations on Northeast Frontier Railway as well.

References

External links

  Trains for Howrah
  Trains for Suri

Railway stations in India opened in 1855
Railway stations in Paschim Bardhaman district
Railway junction stations in West Bengal
Asansol railway division
Ethanol fireplace. An ethanol fireplace (also bio-ethanol fireplace, bio fireplace), is a type of fireplace which burns ethanol fuel. They are often installed without a chimney. Ethanol for these fires is often marketed as bioethanol (ethanol produced from biomass).

The main part of the fireplace is the burner. The burner is a container filled with fuel. Ethanol fireplaces should be operated with care, since ethanol is highly flammable, and severe burn accidents can happen, mostly while refilling or lighting the fireplace, even when safety instructions are followed. 

Emissions from ethanol fireplaces include carbon dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, volatile organic compounds, and particulate emissions, which are released into the room. Ethanol fireplaces are a source of fine and ultrafine particles and have a considerable influence on the quality of the indoor air; ventilation reduces the effect. Ethanol may also generate odors.

Types 

Ethanol fireplaces are available in several different designs. There are manual ethanol fireplaces and automatic ethanol fireplaces. Automatic ethanol fireplace flames have no direct user contact with fuel. Fuel is stored in a reservoir and then heated until the alcohol evaporates into the burner. These vapors are then ignited by a spark system in the unit. The user can turn the flames on or off as well as regulate the flame size with a remote control, mobile app or smart home system. A microprocessor controls the burning process, using numerous sensors to keep burning parameters stable. If the sensors detect any issues — such as an earth quake, low oxygen or excessively high temperatures — they will extinguish the flame. Wall mounted designs can be built into a drywall wall or be recessed into the wall. Free standing or stand-alone ethanol fireplaces are portable, and can be used in any architectural setting. Table-top ethanol fireplaces are the smallest versions of ethanol fireplaces and are often used as a decoration.

See also 
Biofuel
Biogas
Bioenergy

References 

Fireplaces
Light sources
Ethanol fuel
Beach Erosion Board. The Beach Erosion Board (BEB) was a federal board organized under the US Government's War Department (later, the Department of Defense), U.S. Army, and was a part of the civil works program of the United States Army Corps of Engineers.  The Board had seven members and a large staff.  The life of the BEB spanned a period of 33 years, beginning with its establishment in July 1930. The BEB was abolished in November 1963.

The functions of the BEB pertained to review of reports of investigations made concerning erosion of the shores of coastal and lake waters, and the protection of those shores.  Under its implementing legislation, Section 2 of Public Law 520, 7lst Congress, approved on July 3, 1930, the Chief of Engineers, U.S. Army, was given authority to make, in cooperation with the appropriate agencies of the various coastal States, investigations and studies aimed at devising effective means of presenting erosion of the shores of coastal and lake waters by waves and currents.  The funding provision for these investigations and studies was that no money should be expended under authority of the Act in any State which did not provide for cooperation with the agencies of the United States and contribute to the project such funds and/or services as the Secretary of War deemed appropriate and required.

Beginning during World War II, the BEB produced, maintained, and disseminated intelligence concerning potential landing beaches of interest to the US armed forces.  The BEB continued to perform that function for the US armed forces for nearly 20 years.  In late 1962, the International Division which handled the intelligence function was transferred to the newly created US Army Area Analysis Intelligence Agency (AAIA). The organization and resources of the AAIA is described in detail in the "Area Analysis Plan", which is available in the National Archives.

In 1963, certain of the BEB’s functions were transferred to the newly created US Army Coastal Engineering Research Center, while others were transferred to the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors.  Pursuant to the federal Water Resources Development Act of 1992, the duties and responsibilities of the Board of Engineers for Rivers and Harbors subsequently were transferred by the Secretary of the Army to other elements within the Department of the Army as the Secretary determined to be necessary.

Sources
 "The History of the Beach Erosion Board, U.S. Army, Corps of Engineers, 1930-63," by Mary-Louise Quinn, Miscellaneous Report No. 77-9, August 1977

References

United States Army Corps of Engineers
1930 establishments in the United States
1963 disestablishments in the United States
Moss graffiti. Moss graffiti is a type of street art that uses living moss to write on the walls of public spaces.   The art is made by growing moss on mats, cutting it into shapes and gluing it to a wall.  By replacing the harmful chemicals found in paints (such as methanol, which damages the nervous system when consumed in large quantities) with plant matter, the artist can still create works without damaging the environment. After application, the moss grows, adding a new dimension to the art medium as well as extending the concept of guerrilla gardening.

There are many fake videos and articles online that claim moss graffiti can be created in a blender. They claim by taking clumps of moss and blending them with water (sometimes beer), buttermilk, yogurt, and corn syrup you can create a thick liquid that can be painted on a wall by a brush. They claim that applications of the moss mixture or water may be needed to create a fuller effect. However, photos or time-lapse videos of the results are never shown. Many people have tried to replicate the process, but documentation that it succeeds is lacking. The paste was too thick to paint with a brush, it fell off after a few days or weeks and moss failed to grow.

References

Graffiti and unauthorised signage
International Journal of Civil Engineering. The International Journal of Civil Engineering is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Iranian Society of Civil Engineering and the Iran University of Science and Technology. It covers theoretical and research related to all aspects of civil engineering.

Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in Scopus, Islamic World Science Citation Database, and the Science Citation Index Expanded. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 2.081.

References

External links

English-language journals
Civil engineering journals
Academic journals established in 2003
Iran University of Science and Technology
Hybrid open access journals
Springer Science+Business Media academic journals
Erica Kochi. is a humanitarian and a technologist who worked in UNICEF's Innovation Unit with Christopher Fabian. In 2013, she was chosen by Time magazine as one of the 100 most influential people in the world.

UNICEF Innovation works in the design of development solutions. Examples of this work include the Digital Drum, a computer packaged in an oil drum helping rural communities that have difficulty getting information about health, education and other issues. RapidSMS is a system that uses basic mobile phones and SMS messages to communicate with front-line workers and improve the speed and quality of data collection and health and education services. It won a Gold  and Silver  IDSA awards, and a Redhat prize for being one of the top four open source projects 

Kochi's UNICEF Innovation has worked with partners to develop open source technologies that have registered 7 million births in Nigeria over 15 months and provided antenatal care to thousands of pregnant women across Rwanda. These systems have led to successes such as the tracking of the distribution of more than 25 million insecticide treated mosquito nets and a direct feedback loop from more than 190,000 young Ugandans to engage with their government and change policy in real time.

Before UNICEF, Kochi worked with the Commission for Macroeconomics and Health, a joint collaboration between the World Bank and the World Health Organization.

Kochi co-taught "Design for UNICEF" at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts with Clay Shirky. She has lectured at the Yale School of Management, Harvard University, the Art Center College of Design, Stanford University School of Engineering, and Columbia University's School of International and Public Affairs on technology, innovation, design and international development.

Kochi left unicef in 2020.

References

1979 births
Living people
American people of Japanese descent
UNICEF people
Japanese officials of the United Nations
Heron Corn Mill. The Heron Corn Mill is a working 18th-century water mill on the River Bela at Beetham, Cumbria, England.  The mill and its mill race are Grade II* listed, and in 2013 it was awarded a £939,000 grant from the Heritage Lottery Fund for major restoration work.

The mill is  open to visitors, with regular opportunities to see flour being milled. The 18th century barn is used as a venue for a range of community and educational activities.

Within the mill site there is also a Kaplan turbine generating hydroelectricity, some of which is sold to the BillerudKorsnäs paper mill across the river.

A fish ladder bypassing the weir allows salmon to pass up the river to breed.

See also

Grade II* listed buildings in South Lakeland
Listed buildings in Beetham

References

External links

Watermills in Cumbria
Grade II* listed buildings in Cumbria
Grade II* listed watermills
Museums in Cumbria
Mill museums in England
Beetham
Thermal fracturing in glass. Thermal fracturing in glass occurs when a sufficient temperature differential is created within glass. As a warmed area expands or a cooled area contracts, stress forces develop, potentially leading to fracture. A temperature differential may be created in many ways, including solar heating, space heating devices, fire, or hot and cold liquids. Sloping glass surfaces are subject to greater solar radiation than vertical surfaces and so are more prone to solar thermal fracture. In framed window glass, the edges are relatively cooler than the exposed areas, so space heating devices in very close proximity may cause thermal fracture.

Factors affecting thermal stress

Solar absorption: the temperature of glass depends on the amount of heat absorbed by the glass. So a high performance solar control glass will absorb more heat. so it will be more prone to thermal fracture
Shadow: the presence of shadows will result in relatively cooler areas in glass. Thus it results in temperature difference and may result in thermal fracture.
Edge strength: crack will form if the tensile strength of glass edge exceeds the critical point. Clean cut glass is the strongest and after that polished edge is strongest.
Artificial heating and cooling: if heating or cooling vents are present, the glass can heat or cool excessively and may result in thermal stress.
Frame type and colour: insulating materials keep the edges cool but conduction materials are influenced by their colour. dark colours are more absorptive so causes more heating.
Glass type :  edge strength of wired glass is less than of ordinary glasses due to weakening caused by cutting processes.

Different types of thermal fracture

Low energy: Most common type of fractures. It is caused by damage to the edge of the glass. This weakens the edge, so less stress is required to cause the failure. The probability of this type of thermal fracture cannot be determined using thermal assessment processes.
High energy: These are rare and require high levels of thermal stress. The probability of this type of thermal fracture can be determined using thermal assessment processes.

Prevention of thermal fracture

Low energy: edges of annealed laminated glasses are polished. Inspection is done to find damages in glass.
High energy: glasses are heat strengthened to avoid high energy thermal failure.

References 

Glass
R527 (South Africa). The R527 is a Regional Route in Limpopo, South Africa that connects The Oaks with Hoedspruit.

Route
The R527 begins at a junction with the R36 just south of The Oaks and north of the Abel Erasmus Pass, heading eastwards. It heads for 32 kilometres, crossing the Blyde River and meeting the northern terminus of the R531, to enter Hoedspruit, where it passes through the town centre to reach its end at a junction with the R40.

References

Regional routes in Limpopo
Tethers Unlimited, Inc.. Tethers Unlimited, Inc. (TUI) is an American private aerospace company headquartered near Seattle, Washington, which performs research and development of new products and technologies for space, sea, and air.

Founded in 1994 by Robert P. Hoyt and Robert L. Forward, Tethers Unlimited began developing products based on space tether technologies, including concepts for removal of space debris and momentum exchange tethers for launching payloads into higher orbits. TUI has since broadened its suite of technologies to include power, propulsion, actuation, and communications systems for small satellites, robotic technologies for on-orbit fabrication and assembly, optical fiber winding and deployment, software defined radio communications, and 3D printed radiation shielding.

In 2007, in collaboration with Stanford University, the company launched the Multi-Application Survivable Tether (MAST) experiment to test the survivability of tethers in space.
In 2016 it was reported by SpaceNews and Yahoo that the company's subdivision Firmamentum signed a deal with SSL to fly its in-space manufacturing technologies on SSL's Dragonfly program which is funded by NASA's Tipping point initiative.

In December 2018 it was reported that Tethers Unlimited delivered a Refabricator to the ISS that accepts plastic material and converts it into high-quality 3D printer filament, for the mission duration of October 2018 to April 2019.

According to TUI's website, Firmamentum is currently working on building the 'Spiderfab' technology to "enable on-orbit fabrication of large spacecraft components such as antennas, solar panels, trusses, and other multifunctional structures." Through this technology a spacecraft would be able to build structures far greater than itself in orbit.

On May 6, 2020 it was announced that Amergint Technologies acquired Tethers Unlimited, and Amergint and Tethers Unlimited are now subsidiaries of Arka (also based in Colorado).

See also
 Made In Space, Inc.
 Varda Space Industries
 NewSpace

References

External links 

Interview with Robert Hoyt on The Space Show (August 1, 2006).
"Tethers Unlimited" on YouTube (September 24, 2010).
Incredible Technology: Spiderlike Robots Could Build Giant Space Structures Space.com (April 6, 2015)

Aerospace companies of the United States
Robotics companies of the United States
Companies based in Bothell, Washington
P&D Coachworks. P&D Coachworks is an Australian bus bodybuilder in Murwillumbah.

History
P&D Coachworks was formed in 1990 by Paul & Debbie McGavin. In February 1995 it completed its first coach.

In 2012, it completed its 500th body.

References

External links
Bus Australia gallery

Bus manufacturers of Australia
1990 establishments in Australia
Tunable resistive pulse sensing. Tunable resistive pulse sensing (TRPS) is a single-particle technique used to measure the size, concentration and zeta potential of particles as they pass through a size-tunable nanopore.

The technique adapts the principle of resistive pulse sensing, which monitors current flow through an aperture, combined with the use of tunable nanopore technology, allowing the passage of ionic current and particles to be regulated by adjusting the pore size. The addition of the tunable nanopore allows for the measurement of a wider range of particle sizes and improves accuracy.

Technique 

Particles crossing a nanopore are detected one at a time as a transient change in the ionic current flow, which is denoted as a blockade event with its amplitude denoted as the blockade magnitude. As blockade magnitude is proportional to particle size, accurate particle sizing can be achieved after calibration with a known standard. This standard is composed of particles of a known size and concentration. For TRPS, carboxylated polystyrene particles are often used.

Nanopore-based detection allows particle-by-particle assessment of complex mixtures. By selecting an appropriately sized nanopore and adjusting its stretch, the nanopore size can be optimized for particle size and improve measurement accuracy.  

Adjustments to nanopore stretch, in combination with a fine-control of pressure and voltage allow TRPS to determine sample concentration and to accurately derive individual particle zeta potential in addition to particle size information.

Applications 
TRPS was developed by Izon Science Limited, producer of commercially available nanopore-based particle characterization systems. Izon Science Limited currently sell one TRPS device, known as the "Exoid". Previous devices include the "qNano", the "qNano Gold" and the "qViron". These systems have been applied to measure a wide range of biological and synthetic particle types including viruses and nanoparticles. TRPS has been applied in both academic and industrial research fields, including:
Drug delivery research (e.g. lipid nanoparticles and liposomes)
Extracellular vesicles such as exosomes
Virology and vaccine production
Biomedical diagnostics
Microfluidics

References 

Nanotechnology
Nanoparticles