omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
MANSUP. National Anti-Ship Missile (Portuguese: Míssil Antinavio Nacional, MANSUP) also named AV-RE40 —previously known as MAN-1— is an all-weather, over-the-horizon Brazilian anti-ship missile developed by SIATT. The design aims to achieve performance similar to MBDA MM40 Exocet Block II.

History

A mock-up of the Brazilian Navy and Avibras project for an anti-ship missile inspired by the AM39 Exocet was shown in April 2011 during Latin America Aero and Defence (LAAD) exhibition in Rio de Janeiro.

An initial asset of R$50 million was sponsored by the Brazilian Navy, through the Directorate of Navy Weapons Systems, contracts were signed on 5 and 6 December 2011, with Mectron and Avibras, respectively. Program participants were assigned according to their specialties, Mectron being assigned to prototype development, Avibras to rocket engine development, Omnisys to seeker-head development and Atech to project accompaniment management.

In 2013, Omnisys concluded the missile seeker PDR (Preliminary Design Review) and started to test all subsystem parts. Development of an air launched variant of the missile called Missil Antinavio Nacional lancado por Aeronaves (MANAER) commenced in February 2014.

On 27 November 2018, the first missile prototype was fired from the Brazilian Navy corvette Barroso. On 20 March 2019, a second launch was carried out by the frigate Independência (F44). A third prototype was fired once again by the F44 on 10 July.

On 20 September 2022, the Navy conducted the fourth launch of MANSUP from the frigate Constituição (F42), as part of the qualifying campaign, ahead of the series produced missiles.

On 27 April 2023, the Navy conducted the fifth test launch of MANSUP.

On 29 September 2023, EDGE Group of the United Arab Emirates became a partner in the project, with the acquisition of 50% stake of SIATT, former Mectron. On 14 November 2023, EDGE announced at the Dubai Air Show, an extended range of MANSUP, with a maximum range of 200 km. The MANSUP-ER was acquired by the Brazilian and United Arab Emirates navies in 2023.

In February 2024, the Brazilian Navy conducted the sixth test launch of MANSUP, with a hit on target, as reported by the Navy Commander Marcos Sampaio Olsen. In the same month the Navy conducted a SINKEX with the former RFA Sir Galahad and it is unclear whether the boat was targeted by the referred MANSUP missile.

On 13 September 2024, the Navy fired the seventh test missile from the frigate Rademaker (F49) in a SINKEX with the former HMS Broadsword and is expected to declare the MANSUP fully operational by the end of 2025.

In October 2024, SIATT announced the integration of the missile with the multiple rocket launcher Astros II as a coastal battery variant. The first test launch was conducted with an ASTROS system of the Brazilian Marine Corps, at the Restinga da Marambaia test center on 17 December 2024.

Operators

Brazilian Navy – MANSUP and MANSUP-ER
Brazilian Marine Corps – MANSUP and MANSUP-ER

United Arab Emirates Navy – MANSUP and MANSUP-ER

See also
Anti-ship missile
List of missiles

References

Bibliography

 
 

Guided missiles of Brazil
Naval weapons of Brazil
Anti-ship missiles
Computational informatics. Computational informatics is a subfield of informatics that emphasizes issues in the design of computing solutions rather than its underlying infrastructure. Computational informatics can also be interpreted as the use of computational methods in the information sciences.

Development 
From a historical viewpoint, medical informatics scientists (also known as medical informaticians) started to use artificial intelligence and Bayesian statistical methods in diagnosis and medical decision making, as early as in the 1970s.  An example is the MYCIN system developed at Stanford University.  The field has since evolved to use a wide range of computational methods and to interact with all possible scientific and other disciplinary domains.  Later, the field integrated the following:

 Computational techniques: artificial intelligence, algorithms (for architectures ranging from single CPU to massively parallel machines), programming, object-oriented system design, databases, information retrieval, computer graphics and visualization, data mining, information extraction.
 Probability, statistics and decision science: Theory of probability, statistical inference, cost/risk-benefit analysis, probabilistic analysis, stochastic modeling, decision theory, statistical data analysis, probabilistic networks, pattern classification, statistical learning and modeling, statistical data mining.
 Applied mathematics: graph theory, differential equations, optimization theory, wavelets, group theory.
 Electrical engineering methods: signal and image processing.
 Domain knowledge: art and cultural heritage, biology, chemistry, engineering, medicine, the World Wide Web.
 User sciences: design, human-computer interaction, evaluation.
 Cyberinfrastructure for informatics: search engines, digital repositories, storage.
 Scientometrics, bibliometrics and economics: science and policy evaluation, data mining and information extraction, knowledge discovery.
 Social sciences: social network analysis and metrics.

Education 
Several universities offer graduate programs in this area.  One example is the Penn State College of Information Sciences and Technology.  Another example is the Hamburg University of Technology which offers a consecutive Bachelor and Master program with emphasis on computational techniques. Some programs are targeted at specific domains.  For instance, the Biomedical Informatics Program at Stanford University focuses on technologies and methods for understanding biomedical data and to improve health care.

In Tunisia, University of Manouba offers a Master program called Intelligent and Decisional Informatics which tries to cover all aspect of computational informatics.

References

Information science by discipline
Nonlinear Dynamics (journal). Nonlinear Dynamics, An International Journal of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos in Engineering Systems is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all nonlinear dynamic phenomena associated with mechanical, structural, civil, aeronautical, ocean, electrical, and control systems. It is published by Springer Nature and the editor-in-chief of the journal is Walter Lacarbonara (Sapienza University of Rome).

It should not be confused with the similarly named Russian journal Nelineinaya Dinamika (or the Russian Journal of Nonlinear Dynamics).

Abstracting and indexing 
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 5.741.

References

External links
 

English-language journals
Engineering journals
Chaos theory
Publications with year of establishment missing
Clarkdale (microprocessor). Clarkdale is the codename for Intel's first-generation Core i5, i3 and Pentium dual-core desktop processors. It is closely related to the mobile Arrandale processor; both use dual-core dies based on the 32 nm Westmere microarchitecture and have integrated Graphics, PCI Express and DMI links built-in.

Clarkdale is the successor of the Wolfdale used in desktop Intel Core 2, Celeron and Pentium Dual-Core processors. Unlike its predecessor, Clarkdale already contains the major north bridge components, such as memory controller, PCI Express for external graphics, integrated graphics and the DMI connector, making it possible to build more compact systems without a separate north bridge or discrete graphics like Lynnfield.

The Clarkdale processor package contains two dies: the 32 nm processor die with the I/O connections, and the 45 nm graphics and integrated memory controller die. Physical separation of the processor die and memory controller die resulted in increased memory latency.

The CPUID for Clarkdale is family 6, model 37 (2065x). The mobile equivalent of Clarkdale is Arrandale.

Brand names 
Clarkdale processors are sold under the Intel Core, Pentium and Celeron brand names, with varying feature sets. The Core i5 versions generally have all features enabled, with the Core i5-661 and Core i5-655K models lacking Intel VT-d and TXT like the Core i3, which also does not support Turbo Boost and AES new instructions. In addition, the Pentium and Celeron versions do not have SMT, and they can only use a reduced amount of third-level cache.

The Xeon L340x line has a lower clock frequency and thermal design power, and supports unbuffered ECC memory in addition to the features of the Core i5-6xx, but has support for the integrated graphics disabled.

Importantly, although the memory controller in Clarkdale processors is on-package, it is on a separate die from the CPU cores, and thus has increased latency compared to processor architectures which integrate it on-die with the main CPU cores.

See also 
 Intel Core
 Intel Core i5
 Wolfdale (microprocessor)
 Lynnfield (microprocessor)
 List of Macintosh models grouped by CPU type

References

External links 
 IDF: Intel Clarkdale Up Close and Personal

Intel microprocessors
Materials and Structures. Materials and Structures is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of RILEM (the International Union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction Materials, Systems and Structures). It covers research on fundamental properties of building materials, their characterization and processing techniques, modeling, standardization of test methods, and the application of research results in building and civil engineering. Materials and Structures also publishes comprehensive reports prepared by RILEM Technical Committees. The current editor-in-chief is John Provis (University of Sheffield).

Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in: 

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 3.428.

References

External links 
 
RILEM - The International Union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction Materials, Systems and Structures 

English-language journals
Engineering journals
Materials science journals
Academic journals established in 1968
Springer Science+Business Media academic journals
Monthly journals
Archive of Applied Mechanics. The Archive of Applied Mechanics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1929 as Ingenieur-Archiv by R. Grammel. It obtained its current name in 1991 and is published by Springer. The journal covers research findings on the performance of construction materials. The editor in chief is Jörg Schröder (University of Duisburg-Essen).

Scope 
Archive of Applied Mechanics serves as a platform to communicate original research of scholarly value in all branches of theoretical and applied mechanics, i.e., in solid and fluid mechanics, dynamics and vibrations. It focuses on continuum mechanics in general, structural mechanics, biomechanics, micro- and nano-mechanics as well as hydrodynamics. In particular, the following topics are emphasised: thermodynamics of materials, material modeling, multi-physics, mechanical properties of materials, homogenisation, phase transitions, fracture and damage mechanics, vibration, wave propagation experimental mechanics as well as machine learning techniques in the context of applied mechanics.

New analytical, numerical and experimental methods suited to research in the above-mentioned subjects are welcome. Manuscripts reporting results obtained with established methods, without contributing to scientific knowledge, are not encouraged.

Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in: Academic OneFile, Academic Search, Compendex, ProQuest, Current Contents/Engineering, Computing and Technology, INIS Atomindex, Journal Citation Reports, Materials Science Citation Index, Science Citation Index Expanded, Scopus, and Zentralblatt MATH.

References

External links 
 

English-language journals
Engineering journals
Academic journals established in 1929
Monthly journals
Springer Science+Business Media academic journals
Industrial Junkie. Industrial Junkie is a British documentary television series. The series premiered on 1 October 2009 on Quest in the United Kingdom. Each episode sees engineering enthusiast Jonny Smith experiencing the processes of a particular industry.

Episodes
Season 1, Episode 1: Roads
Season 1, Episode 2: Rubber
Season 1, Episode 3: Explosives
Season 1, Episode 4: Coal
Season 1, Episode 5: Trucks
Season 1, Episode 6: Oil Rigs
Season 1, Episode 7: Glass
Season 1, Episode 8: Paint
Season 1, Episode 9: Packaging
Season 1, Episode 10: Steel

See also
Modern Marvels
How It's Made
How Do They Do It?
Cool Stuff: How It Works
HowStuffWorks
Some Assembly Required
How'd That Get On My Plate?

External links
 Official Website

2009 British television series debuts
Discovery Channel original programming
2009 British television series endings
Challawa Gorge Dam. The Challawa Gorge Dam is in Karaye Local Government Area of Kano State in the Northwest of Nigeria, about 90 km southwest of Kano city. It is a major reservoir on the Challawa River, a tributary of the Kano River, which is the main tributary of the Hadejia River.

Construction

The Challawa Gorge reservoir project was started by the Water Resources and Engineering Construction Agency of the Kano State Government, and was later handed over to the Federal Government who funded the project. The dam is owned and operated by the Hadejia-Jama’are River Basin Development Authority, a Federal agency.

The dam was built by Julius Berger Nigeria in 1990 - 1992 using earth fill construction. It is 42 m high and 7.8 km in length.
The dam has a full storage capacity of 930,000,000 and active storage of 904,000,000 m3. The direct catchment area is 3857 km2.

Hydro power potential

The dam was designed with the potential for hydro power generation in mind, and may have a capacity of 3MW on average - more in the rainy season and less in dry season. However, power would cost considerably more to deliver than current retail prices, and it is not clear how a project to install the generating equipment would be financed.

Issues

The soil in the immediate catchments of the dam has not been stabilized, so the reservoir may be silting up. Silt is also being deposited in the Challawa River, affecting the intake structures of Kano City Water Supply.
The dam has disrupted the natural balance along the river. Upstream areas are now subject to flooding while downstream riverine wetlands and croplands have dried out.

The dam is intended to support irrigation projects, such as Hadejia Valley Irrigation Scheme which had been started since 1990, although only about 6,000 Ha were achieved, representing about 30% of the planned area only for decades. Amongst other competing uses of the dam is water supply to Kano city, informal irrigation at the river banks, recreation etc. The Challawa dam and the nearby Tiga Dam have also had adverse effects on the downstream Hadejia-Nguru wetlands.
Several studies have shown that these dams have delivered negative economic value when their effect on downstream communities was taken into account.

References

Dams in Nigeria
Kano State
Yobe State
Dams completed in 1992
20th-century architecture in Nigeria
Airdrome Aeroplanes. Airdrome Aeroplanes is an American aircraft manufacturer, founded by Robert Baslee, that offers a large selection of kit aircraft for amateur construction. The company is based in Holden, Missouri.

The company produces a range of kits specializing in replica aircraft from the pre-World War I pioneer period and from both the Central Powers and Allies of World War I.

History

Baslee started in aviation as a teenager, building model aircraft. He paid for his hobby by mowing lawns and shoveling snow in Lee's Summit, Missouri. A week before he turned 16, he sold all his models and started work on his private pilot certificate, completing it at age 17, with money earned working in the fast food industry. He became an apprentice machinist, graduated from high school in 1983 and later completed a degree in mechanical engineering.

Baslee constructed a series of homebuilt aircraft, selling each one to pay for the next one. He had aspired to build a Fokker Triplane, but found the existing replica plans very complex and slow to construct. He applied his engineering knowledge and created a new design of the DR.1, with a simplified structure and revised airfoil, a modified Clark Y, to improve handling. The resulting design uses aluminum tubing and pop riveted gussets, in place of wooden structure. All designs use a two-spar wing design to give redundancy not found in the original First World War designs. Most World War I designs were very tail-heavy and so the balance was adjusted in his designs to give a better center of gravity.

The prototype Triplane was shown at EAA AirVenture in 1989, resulting in requests for kits from prospective customers. This in turn resulted in the founding of the company to develop and produce the kits.

Each design is completed over about 1000 hours of work and then a prototype is finished. The prototype construction allows the completion of photographs and video of the construction techniques.

The company has two employees, including Baslee and ships an average of one kit per week. The company has about 500 aircraft flying.

The company is best known for its construction of four full-scale Nieuport 17 aircraft for the 2006 film Flyboys during a period of 52 days. The company also built a Morane L for the 2009 film Amelia.

Aircraft 
References: Kitplanes and Airdrome Aeroplanes

References

External links

Aircraft manufacturers of the United States
American companies established in 1989
1989 establishments in Missouri
Replica aircraft manufacturers
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics. The Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media. It is an offshoot of the Journal of Materials Science, focusing specifically on  materials used in electronics. The editor-in-chief is Safa Kasap (University of Saskatchewan, Canada).

History 
This journal was originally published quarterly by Chapman & Hall from May 1990. This frequency was changed to six issues per year from 1994 to 1998, and then nine issues per year from 1999 to 2000. From 2001, the journal has been published monthly.

Abstracting and indexing 
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 2.478.

See also 
 Advanced Functional Materials
 ECS Digital Library
 Journal of Electroceramics
 Journal of Electronic Materials
 Metamaterials (journal)

References

External links 
 

English-language journals
Engineering journals
Materials science journals
Springer Science+Business Media academic journals
Academic journals established in 1990
Monthly journals
Electronics journals
Ambrosini Rondone. The Ambrosini Rondone is an Italian-designed two/three-seat light touring monoplane of the early 1950s.

Development

The Rondone was created to satisfy the demand for a more contemporary touring aircraft from Italian private pilots and aero clubs. Stelio Frati prepared the basic design for the prototype two-seat F.4 Rondone I which was built by CVV in 1951. This was followed by nine production examples produced by SAI Ambrosini in collaboration with Aeronautica Lombardi.

The three-seat F.7 Rondone II first flew on 10 February 1954 and the prototype and nine production examples were built for Ambrosini by Legnami Pasotti.

The Rondone is of conventional wooden construction with a plywood-covered one-piece single spar wing and a monocoque fuselage. The tricycle undercarriage is retractable. Two-position flaps and dual controls are fitted. The Rondone II has an extended cabin with additional rear side windows.

Operational history

The Rondone was initially mainly sold to individuals and clubs in Italy, but examples later served in France and Germany. Several were still operational in 2009.

Variants
F.4 Rondone I prototype 
Two-seater with a  Walter Mikron III. 1 built.
F.4 Rondone I production aircraft
Two-seater with an  Continental C-85 or  Continental C-90. 10 built.
F.7 Rondone II
Three-seater with a  Continental C90 or  Lycoming O-290-D2 engine. 10 built from new plus one converted from a F.4. Some were later fitted with a  Continental O-200 engine.

Specifications (F.7 Rondone II with Lycoming engine)

References

Bibliography

1950s Italian civil utility aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1951
Kirsch operator. The Kirsch operator or Kirsch compass kernel is a non-linear edge detector that finds the maximum edge strength in a few predetermined directions. It is named after the computer scientist Russell Kirsch.

Mathematical description 
The operator takes a single kernel mask and rotates it in 45 degree increments through all 8 compass directions: N, NW, W, SW, S, SE, E, and NE. The edge magnitude of the Kirsch operator is calculated as the maximum magnitude across all directions:

where z enumerates the compass direction kernels g:
 and so on. 

The edge direction is defined by the mask that produces the maximum edge magnitude.

Example images

References 

Edge detection
Roadwars. Roadwars is the first arcade game developed by Arcadia, the short-lived arcade game division of Mastertronic. The home computer versions were developed by Binary Design and published by Melbourne House, who had recently been acquired by Mastertronic. Versions of the game released in the US were distributed by Electronic Arts.

Plot
Roadwars is a game in which the player drives a Battlesphere, an oval-shaped mobile weapon system armed with a laser cannon and a protective shield. Battlespheres protect the stability of the spaceways between the moons of the planet Armageddon by destroying destructive debris. The magnetic side panels which allow vehicles to travel on the spaceways are malfunctioning and can delay or even destroy a Battlesphere.

Gameplay
Roadwars is an arcade-like game which can be played with one or two players, and uses a joystick.

Reception
In 1989, Dragon gave the game 3½ out of 5 stars.

References

External links
Roadwars at GameSpot
Roadwars at GameFAQs
Roadwars review
Review in Info

1987 video games
Amiga games
Arcade video games
Atari ST games
Binary Design games
Commodore 64 games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
ZX Spectrum games