omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Tech Engineering News. Tech Engineering News was a student-run publication at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology from 1920 to 1976.

It started as an advertising supplement for The Tech in 1920, and its last issue was Volume 60 No. 1.

In 1952, it published two short stories by Norbert Wiener: The Brain (anthologized in Groff Conklin's  Crossroads in Time) and The Miracle of the Broom Closet (reprinted the same year in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction).

In 1965, Allan Gottlieb became the editor of the Puzzle Corner, which was later then also carried by Technology Review starting in 1966, and still running in 2015, for a fifty-year run.

In 1967, the magazine republished Martin Graetz'  fantasy short story "Building Nine" set at MIT.  Graeltz was one of the developers of SpaceWar!, an early video game, while at MIT.

References

Student magazines published in the United States
Defunct literary magazines published in the United States
Defunct engineering magazines
Magazines established in 1920
Magazines disestablished in 1976
Defunct magazines published in Boston
Massachusetts Institute of Technology student life
Newspaper supplements
Reciprocating electric motor. A reciprocating electric motor is a motor in which the armature moves back and forth rather than circularly. Early electric motors were sometimes of the reciprocating type, such as those made by Daniel Davis in the 1840s. Today, reciprocating electric motors are rare but they do have some niche applications, e.g. in linear compressors for cryogenics and as educational toys.

History

Daniel Davis was an early maker of reciprocating electric motors.

As can be seen in these examples, early motors of this type often followed the general layout of the steam engines of the day, 
simply replacing the piston-and-cylinder with an electromagnetic solenoid.

Design

A reciprocating electric motor uses an alternating magnetic field to move its armature back and forth, rather than circularly as in a conventional electric motor. A single field coil may be placed at one end of the armature's possible movement, or a field coil may be used at each end.

The armature may be a permanent magnet, in which case the coil or coils can exert both repulsive and attractive force on the armature. If there are two coils, they will be wound and connected so that their like poles face each other, so that when (for example) the poles facing the armature are both negative, one pole will attract the armature's south pole while the other will repel its north pole. When the armature reaches the extreme of its movement, polarity to the coils is reversed.

The armature may instead be made of ferromagnetic material, as in an electromagnetic solenoid. In this case the current in the coils will alternate between on and off, rather than between polarities. A single-coil motor with a non-magnetic armature would require a spring or some other "return" mechanism to move the armature away from the coil upon completion of the "attract" cycle. An "interrupter"-style electromechanical buzzer operates on this same principle. A dual-coil motor would alternately energize the two coils. Where the motor is adapted to produce rotary motion, the return mechanism consists of a crankshaft and flywheel.

This is an extremely simple motor, such that demonstration models may be easily constructed for teaching purposes. As a practical motor it has several disadvantages. Magnetic field strength drops off rapidly with increasing distance. In the reciprocating electric motor the distance between armature and field coil must necessarily increase considerably over its minimum value; this reduces the motor's output power and starting force. Vibration is also an issue.

Applications

Linear compressors
A design for a linear compressor of this type has been produced by the Cryogenic Engineering Group at the University of Oxford.

Pumps
See Plunger pump

Electric shavers
Some electric shavers use reciprocating motors.

Toys
Educational toys can be built as  DIY projects. Some of them  have even been patented (for e.g. one in 1929, another in 1963).

See also

 Reciprocating engine

References

Electric motors
Linear motion
Hogel processing unit. The Hogel processing unit (HPU) is a computation for rendering hogels.

HPU parallelism
Since many (possibly hundreds) HPUs would be required to drive a single light-field display, it is important that the HPU be an independent processor, requiring minimal support logic and interconnect. The HPU interconnect framework should provide scene, command and sync buffering and relay throughout the topology. Ideally, neither the host system nor the individual HPUs would have knowledge of the interconnect topology or even the depth and breadth of the system.

Hogel parallelism (multivew point rendering)
A critical component of the HPU is the rendering of multiple viewpoints (hogels) in parallel per rendering pass of the geometry to take advantage of vertex and texture cache coherency.

Further reading

 Klug, M., Burnett, T., Fancello, A., Heath, A., Gardner, K., O'Connell, S., Newswanger, C. (2013).  "A Scalable, Collaborative, Interactive Light-field Display System", SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers

References

External links
DARPA's Urban Photonic Sandtable
DARPA’s 3D Holographic Display Technology
Hogel Rendering 
Hogel Rendering Performance 

Holography
Graphics hardware
Human–computer interaction
Charles Zukowski. Charles Albert Zukowski (born August 17, 1959) is a professor and former chair of the Department of Electrical Engineering at Columbia University. Zukowski was born in Buffalo, New York. While still a student at MIT, from 1979 to 1982, Zukowski worked at the Thomas J. Watson Research Center.  He received his BS in electrical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1982. He received the IBM PhD Fellowship from 1982 to 1985; in 1985 he earned his PhD in electrical engineering with a thesis entitled "Design and measurement of a reconfigurable multi-microprocessor machine". The same year, he joined the faculty of Columbia University as assistant professor, and was awarded tenure in 1993. Zukowski is an active member of IEEE and was made an IEEE Fellow in 2000. Zukowski's present research focuses on VLSI circuits and integrated circuit (IC) optimization, though in the past he has published in the fields of systems biology and computer architecture.

He is the author of a book, The Bounding Approach to VLSI Circuit Simulation. The National Science Foundation awarded Zukowski the Presidential Young Investigator Award for his work on bounding integrated circuit behavior in 1987. He holds a patent for a time-division multiplexed data transmission system which substantially improves the performance of serial data transmission. Zukowski has served on the editorial boards of several journals published by IEEE, and also reviews submissions for IEEE conferences. In addition to his involvement in IEEE, Zukowski is a current or former member of engineering honor societies including Tau Beta Pi, Eta Kappa Nu, and Sigma Xi. He is also active in the field of computer engineering and currently chairs the Department of Computer Engineering at Columbia.

Selected bibliography

References 

Columbia University faculty
Columbia School of Engineering and Applied Science faculty
American electrical engineers
Fellows of the IEEE
MIT School of Engineering alumni
Computer engineers
1959 births
Living people
GreenCE. GreenCE is an online platform that educates architects, engineers, interior designers, and contractors. The organization is a US Green Building Council (USGBC) Education Partner. The USGBC developed the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) system, the world's most utilized green building rating system. GreenCE is also an American Institute of Architects (AIA) Education Provider. It develops and delivers continuing education via online courses, webinars, and live classroom events. GreenCE is a partner with the Health Product Declaration Collaborative and is one of seven companies in the world to help develop third party verification tools for the building product declaration.  GreenCE is based in San Antonio, Texas, and has an office in Portland, Oregon, dedicated to LEED certification education.

History 
GreenCE was founded by Ron Blank and Brad Blank in 2006. Ron Blank also owns Ron Blank & Associates, a firm that specializes in architectural specification for building product manufacturers.

Continuing Education 
Online courses and webinars are the main focus of the GreenCE education platform. The platform delivers education about LEED certification, the Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA), and sustainable design case studies.

Health Product Declaration 
GreenCE develops Health Product Declarations (HPD) for building products. The HPD provides information about a building product's contents, environmental health hazards, and plays a significant role in building product specification. The HPD can contribute points under the LEED v4 green building rating system. GreenCE develops HPDs utilizing a multi-disciplinary team of biologists, architects, and LEED experts.

References

External links 

Companies based in San Antonio
American educational websites
Internet properties established in 2006
Sustainable building in the United States
InterPlane Aircraft. InterPlane Aircraft sro, also called InterPlane Aircraft, Inc., was a Czech aircraft manufacturer based in Zbraslavice and founded in 1992. The company specialized in the design and manufacture of ultralight aircraft in the form of kits for amateur construction and ready-to-fly aircraft in the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules, the European Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight and the American light-sport aircraft categories.

The company was a Společnost s ručením omezeným (sro), a Czech private limited company, although the company referred to itself as InterPlane Aircraft, Inc..

In 2013 the company announced that it was seeking a buyer for the business and its hangar and facilities. By the end of that year the company seems to have gone out of business.

Products
The company's first design, introduced in 1992, was the InterPlane Griffon, a single-seat, strut-braced, high wing kit plane for the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles category. The same year the company introduced the two seats in side-by-side configuration, strut-braced high wing InterPlane Skyboy, which was supplied only as a complete ready to fly aircraft. The Skyboy was accepted as a US light-sport aircraft and in Canada as an Advanced Ultralight Aeroplane.

The company also sold the InterPlane ZJ-Viera, a single seat, low wing, lightweight, low cost airplane made predominantly from composites. It was designed by Marek Ivanov, manufactured by Ivanov Aero and fit the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles category. The company incorporated a  photo of the aircraft into its logo.

In the late 1990s the company proposed a low-wing metal and composite two seater to be called the InterPlane Starboy, but it appears to have not been flown.

Aircraft

References

External links

 - former location
Company website archives on Archive.org

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the Czech Republic and Czechoslovakia
Ultralight aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Manufacturing companies established in 1992
1992 establishments in Czechoslovakia
Manufacturing companies disestablished in 2013
2013 disestablishments in the Czech Republic
Cellestine Hannemann. Cellestine "Sally" Hannemann (March 28, 1924 – January 26, 2018) was an American author and pioneering figure in the methodology of Oshibana art. Hannemann, née Hofmann, born in Chicago, Illinois, lived in the San Fernando Valley of Southern California. She was best known for developing new processes in the pressing of botanical materials to reduce discoloration and shrinkage. She manufactured a unique press incorporating polyester materials to cushion the plants that became known as "Cellestine's Press," and authored a book that is a popular reference guide for plant pressers and Oshibana artists. Hannemann also wrote two novels.

Invention and publication
In the 1970s, Hannemann designed a unique spring-loaded press to preserve and gently but expertly press flowers. This press was a major advancement over traditional pressing methods that had been practiced since the Victorian era of flower pressing. She followed with publication of a guide book, Glorious Pressed Flower Projects, in 1991 that shared her technical expertise. This book is used as a source book on the art of pressed flowers.  Hannemann has influenced the work of other pressers who employ her specific techniques for botanical preservation and application that are described in her book. In 1996, "Handcraft Illustrated" quarterly published an article with Hannemann's instructions for making this cushioned and padded press and included tips for creating pressed materials for Oshibana works of art.

Recognition
Dedication to Cellestine Hanneman,  Exhibition Catalog, 2014.
Best in Show Award named the Cellestine Hannemann Award, World Wide Pressed Flower Guild Exhibition, Guangzhou, China, 2010

Affiliation 
Member, World Wide Pressed Flower Guild

Selected works 

 .

References

1924 births
20th-century American writers
2018 deaths
21st-century American writers
20th-century American women writers
21st-century American women writers
Quad in-line package. In microelectronics, a quad in-line package (QIP or QIL), is an electronic component package with a rectangular housing and four parallel rows of electrical connecting pins. The package may be through-hole mounted to a printed circuit board (PCB) or inserted in a socket. Rockwell used a QIP with 42 leads formed into staggered rows for their PPS-4 microprocessor family introduced in 1973, and other microprocessors and microcontrollers, some with higher lead counts, through the early 1990s.

The QIP has the same dimensions as a Dual in-line package (DIP), but the leads on each side are bent into an alternating zigzag configuration so as to fit four lines of solder pads (instead of two with a DIP but similar to Zig-zag in-line package). The QIP design increased the spacing between solder pads without increasing package size, for two reasons:
 First it allowed more reliable soldering. This may seem odd today, given the far closer solder pad spacing in use now, but in the 1970s, the heyday of the QIL, bridging of neighbouring solder pads on DIP ICs was an issue at times,
 QIP also increased the possibility of running a copper track between two solder pads. This was very handy on the then standard single sided single layer PCBs.

Some QIP packaged ICs had added heatsinking tabs, such as the HA1306W.

Intel and 3M developed the ceramic leadless quad in-line package (QUIP), introduced in 1979, to boost microprocessor density and economy. The QUIP is not designed for surface-mount use, and requires a socket. The chip itself lacks the normal pins, and instead ends in small metal pads on a flat carrier, these make contact with spring-loaded wires in the socket. It was used by Intel for the iAPX 432 microprocessor chip set, and by Zilog for the Z8-02 external-ROM prototyping version of the Z8 microcontroller.

References

External links

Chip carriers
CPU sockets
Jessica McKellar. Jessica Tess McKellar is an American software developer, engineering manager, and author.

Education
McKellar attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and studied computer science and chemistry.

Work
McKellar was an early employee and engineering manager at Ksplice, which was acquired by Oracle in 2011. In 2012, she co-founded Zulip, a chat software company. In 2014, the company was acquired by Dropbox. She has spoken at several conferences about outreach efforts to increase the diversity of open-source communities.

From 2012 to 2014, she was a director of the Python Software Foundation. In 2013, McKellar won the O'Reilly Open Source Award for her contributions to Python. In 2016, she won the Women in Open Source Community Award, awarded by Red Hat. She is a contributor to Twisted, a networking framework for Python. From 2014 to 2017, she was a Director of Engineering and the chief of staff to the VP of Engineering at Dropbox.

McKellar was a senior technical advisor for 16 episodes of the HBO show Silicon Valley.

Author
McKellar is the co-author of the book Twisted Network Programming Essentials, 2nd Edition (O'Reilly Media - 2013).

References

Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Place of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American women computer scientists
American computer scientists
1987 births
21st-century American women
Chrysocolla (gold-solder). Chrysocolla (gold-solder, Greek ; Latin chrȳsocolla, oerugo, santerna; Syriac "tankar" (Bar Bahlul), alchemical symbol 🜸), also known as "goldsmith's solder" and "solder of Macedonia" (Pseudo-Democritus), denotes:

 The soldering of gold.
 The materials used for soldering gold, as well as certain gold alloys, still used by goldsmiths. Martin Ruland (Lexicon alchemiae) explains chrysocolla as molybdochalkos, a copper-lead alloy. In Leyden papyrus X recipe 31 chrysocolla is an alloy composed of 4 parts copper, 2 parts asem (a kind of tin-copper alloy) and 1 part gold. Argyrochrysocolla appears to designate an alloy of gold and silver.
 A mix of copper and iron salts, produced by the dissolution of a metallic vein by water, either spontaneously or by introducing water into a mine from winter to summer, and letting the mass dry during summer, which results in a yellow product.
 Malachite (green carbonate of copper), and other alkaline copper salts of green colour. Azurite, the blue congener of malachite, was known as armenion, as it was mined in Armenia. On heating, malachite decomposes to carbon dioxide and copper, the latter inducing the soldering effect. According to an older opinion, chrysocolla was borax, which had been found in ancient gold foundries and is still used for soldering gold. Aristoteles (De mirabilibus) mentions that the Chalcedonian island Demonesus has a mine of cyan () and chrysocolla. Theophrastus (De lapidibus) describes chrysocolla as a kind of "false emerald" found in gold and copper mines, used for soldering gold. Pliny (Historia Naturalis) and Celsus mention that chrysocolla is extracted along with gold, and is used as a pigment and medicament. Dioscorides (De materia medica) describes the purification of the ore and its use in healing wounds, also noting its poisonous effect.
 Greenish copper salts obtained by boiling infant's urine and natron in copper vessels. The resulting copper salts were scraped off and used for soldering gold. Infant's urine (Greek , Latin ) appears in many ancient recipes (Dioscorides, Pliny, Celsus, etc.) as a source of phosphates and ammonia.
 A particular copper hydrosilicate is named chrysocolla by modern mineralogists.

See also 
 Chrysoberyl
 Chrysolite
 Chrysoprase
 Chrysotile
 Sarcocolla

References 

History of metallurgy
Alchemical substances
Commodore 8060. The Commodore 8060, 8061, and 8062 are a series of 8" floppy disk drives developed by Commodore Business Machines. These disk drives use the parallel interface IEEE-488 to connect with Commodore's PET and CBM-II line of microcomputers. The 8060 is a single-disk model, while the 8061 and 8062 are both double-drive models similar to the later Commodore 8280 8" drive. The drives in the 806x series are full-height Shugart SA-800s.

All of the models in the 8060 series use Commodore group coded recording (GCR) for disk reading and writing; the later 8061 and 8062 models can also read and write IBM 3740 format disks. Each drive in the series contains two MOS 6502 microprocessors for operating the disk controllers and executing the built-in disk operating system. The built-in operating system is CBM DOS 2.7. The ROM on the 8061 and 8062 does not contain support for formatting disks; instead a provided utility disk had the formatter program, which allows the user to select between native 806x and IBM 3740 formats. The utility disk also contained a program for doing whole disk copies of IBM disks as well as the VALIDATE command, which is included in the ROM of all other Commodore drives.

References 

CBM floppy disk drives
Design-to-cost. Design-to-Cost (DTC), as part of cost management techniques, describes a systematic approach to controlling the costs of product development and manufacturing. The basic idea is that costs are designed "into the product", even from the earliest concept decisions on and are difficult to remove later. These costs are seen as an equally important parameter besides feature scope and schedule, the three taken together yielding the well-known project triangle.

By taking the right design decisions as early as during the initiation and concept phase of the product life-cycle, unnecessary costs at later stages can be avoided. But DTC also tries to capture the necessary measures for cost control during the complete development cycle. In DTC, cost considerations also become part of extended requirements specifications.

In contrast to the closely related target costing, DTC does not mean a product will exactly reach a defined cost, rather, it is about "considering cost as a design parameter in your product development activities". DTC can also be contrasted with Design-to-value which emphasizes the value that can be delivered to the customer, instead of the production costs for the manufacturer or company.

See also
Cost reduction
Total cost of ownership

References

Manufacturing
Product development
Cost engineering
Suncore Photovoltaics. Suncore Photovoltaic Technology Company Limited ("Suncore") is a solar energy company that specializes in concentrator photovoltaics (CPV), an emerging photovoltaic (PV) technology.  The company manufactures, develops, and finances CPV systems for ground mounted applications. Its products include CPV solar power systems, receivers, trackers and turnkey service.

History

Suncore Photovoltaics Technology Co, Ltd, was founded in 2010 as a joint-venture company by Chinese LED manufacturer San'an Optoelctronics Co, Ltd and U.S. semiconductor manufacturer EMCORE Corporation. In 2013, San’an became the sole owner of Suncore by purchasing stocks from Emcore.

In 2013 Suncore acquired Zenith Solar, the creator of a combined heat and power (CHP) technology which allows for the production of both electricity and hot water in a single system.

Operations
Suncore's manufacturing capacity is around 300 megawatts (MW) with its manufacturing facility of over  in China. Suncore has a portfolio of 120 MW of CPV systems deployed worldwide, including the largest CPV power plant in Golmud, China.

References

External links 

Solar energy in the United States
Engineering companies of the United States
Renewable energy technology companies
Manufacturing companies based in Albuquerque, New Mexico
American companies established in 2010
Energy companies established in 2010
Renewable resource companies established in 2010
2010 establishments in New Mexico