omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Lynnfield (microprocessor). Lynnfield is the code name for a quad-core processor from Intel released in September 2009. It was sold in varying configurations as Core i5-7xx, Core i7-8xx or Xeon X34xx. Lynnfield uses the Nehalem microarchitecture and replaces the earlier Penryn based Wolfdale and Yorkfield processors, using the same 45 nm process technology, but with a new memory and bus interface. The product code for Lynnfield is 80605, its CPUID value identifies it as family 6, model 30 (0106Ex).

Lynnfield is related to the earlier Bloomfield and Gainestown microprocessors, which are used in server and high-end desktop systems. The main difference between the two is Lynnfield's use of the LGA 1156 processor socket as opposed to the LGA 1366 socket used by Bloomfield and Gainestown processors. LGA 1156 processors include Direct Media Interface and PCI Express links, which Intel has previously connected to the processor with a dedicated northbridge chip, called the memory controller hub or I/O hub.

The Lynnfield series of processors does not include built-in Intel graphics.

The mobile version of Lynnfield is Clarksfield. The dual-core version was going to be Havendale, but it was cancelled in favor of Clarkdale.

Brand names

See also 
 Nehalem (microarchitecture)
 Yorkfield (microprocessor)
 Clarksfield (microprocessor)
 Clarkdale (microprocessor)
 List of Macintosh models grouped by CPU type

External links 
 Intel's Lynnfield Processor & its New Power Control Unit

References 

Intel_microprocessors
ARA Buenos Aires (D-6). ARA Buenos Aires was the lead ship of her class of destroyer built for the Argentine Navy, in service from 1938 until 1971.

Design 
The ship's design was based on the British Royal Navy's G class destroyer.

The Argentine Navy initially classified it as a "torpedo boat" ( torpedero), and in the 1950s as a "destroyer".

History 

Buenos Aires was laid down by Vickers Armstrong at Barrow and launched on 21 September 1937. After completion on 4 April 1938, she was turned over to the Argentine Navy, and remained in service until she was stricken in 1971.

It was the fifteenth ship of the Argentine Navy with this name. It entered in service in 1938, in the 1st torpedo squadron.

References

Notes

Bibliography

Online sources

See also 
 List of ships of the Argentine Navy

Further reading

External links 
  

Buenos Aires-class destroyers
Ships built in Barrow-in-Furness
1937 ships
World War II destroyers of Argentina
Mud cleaner. A mud cleaner is a combination  of desanders and/or desilters to remove drilled solids from mud.

History

Although US Patent No.3,766,997 covering Mud Cleaner was issued on October 23, 1973 granted to J.K. Heilhecker and L.H. Robinson and assigned to Exxon Production Research Company, it was found invalid and efforts for re-issue was unsuccessful because of the existence of prior art filed at the British Patent Office by a German Inventor in the late 1800s.

Nowadays, mud cleaner used in oilfield means the equipment processing drilling mud. It is combined with desander cone and desilter cone as well as bottom shaker. It is called 2nd and 3rd phase solids control equipment.

Description

A mud cleaner is a combination  of desanders and/or desilters mounted over a shaker with a fine mesh screen. A mud is fed to the inlet of the hydrocyclone (desander and/or desilter) to separate particles and the underflow passes to the fine screen mesh where in particles larger than barite are discarded and thrown away. In most drilling operations, a mud cleaner is installed in its mud systems. It is usually located in a mud tank in the same location as with the desilters.

Process flow

The weighted mud flows to the inlet head section of the desander and/or desilter entering the hydrocyclones for separation of particles.  Mud leaving the underflow is further screened with fine mesh to separate larger particles allowing only barite size particles to pass through the screen returning and recovering then the clean mud.

Purpose

The purpose of the mud cleaner is to remove drilled solids larger than barite. Solids larger than 74–105 micrometres can be removed by the mud cleaner before the viscosity builds up.
Mud cleaner can effectively control weighted drilling fluid solid content. Prevent differential pressure sticking, adhesion stuck drill accident, reduce the drill string and the filter cake thickness on bond issues.

References

Drilling fluid
Cellulose insulating material plant. Cellulose insulating material plants are used for the production of a natural building insulation material known as cellulose insulation.

Assembly 
Cellulose insulating material plants essentially exist of a feeding unit with primary reduction of the raw material, a dosing system for adding flame retarding agent, a defibration unit, a dedusting unit and the packaging unit.

Function 
The raw material is given loose or in bales into the primary reduction unit (for example a shredder). After this reduction, the flame retardant is added. 
The core of the cellulose insulating material plant is a Whirlwind Mill. This mill is able to fray out the material, what leads to fluffy, optimally defibrated flocks that contain only very small amounts of dust. Furthermore the flame retardant is stuck to the flocks during the defibration process. 
After the mill the material is conveyed pneumatically to the dedusting unit, where the dusty air and the cellulose fibers get separated. The finished fibers come to the packaging station, where they will be weight and packaged.

Applications 
Cellulose insulating material plants are used for the production of naturally insulating material out of raw material like newspapers, hemp, field grass and so forth. 
The insulating materials which are produced with this systems, are characterized by low energy input during the production compared to the conventional insulating materials such as mineral wool etc.

References

External links 
 Pictures and explanations

Industrial equipment
Metal dusting. Metal dusting is "a catastrophic form of corrosion that occurs when susceptible materials are exposed to environments with high carbon activities." The corrosion manifests itself as a break-up of bulk metal to metal powder. The suspected mechanism is firstly the deposition of a graphite layer on the surface of the metal, usually from carbon monoxide (CO) in the vapour phase. This graphite layer is then thought to form metastable M3C species (where M is the metal), which migrate away from the metal surface. However, in some regimes no M3C species are observed indicating a direct transfer of metal atoms into the graphite layer.

The temperatures normally associated with metal dusting are high (300–850 °C). From a general understanding of chemistry, it can be deduced that at lower temperatures, the rate of reaction to form the metastable M3C species is too low to be significant, and at much higher temperatures the graphite layer is unstable and so CO deposition does not occur (at least to any appreciable degree).

Very briefly, there are several proposed methods for prevention or reduction of metal dusting; the most common seem to be aluminide coatings, alloying with copper and addition of steam.

There is a significant amount of literature in existence that describes proposed mechanisms, prevention methods, etc. There is also a good summary of metal dusting and some prevention methods in 'Corrosion by Carbon and Nitrogen - Metal Dusting, Carburisation and Nitridation'.

References 

Corrosion
Electro Physiological Feedback Xrroid. Electro Physiological Feedback Xrroid (EPFX) (), also known as Quantum Xrroid Consciousness Interface (QXCI), is a radionics device which claims to read the body's reactivity to various frequencies and then send back other frequencies to make changes in the body. It is manufactured and marketed by self-styled "Professor Bill Nelson," also known as Desiré Dubounet. She is currently operating in Hungary, a fugitive from the US following indictment on fraud charges connected to EPFX.

Descriptions of the device in mainstream media note its US$20,000 price tag and the improbable nature of the claims made for it. It has reportedly been used to "treat" a variety of serious diseases including cancer. In one documented case, undiagnosed and untreated leukaemia resulted in the death of a patient.

The website Quackwatch posted an analysis of the device by Stephen Barrett which concludes: "The Quantum Xrroid device is claimed to balance 'bio-energetic' forces that the scientific community does not recognize as real. It mainly reflects skin resistance (how easily low-voltage electric currents from the device pass through the skin), which is not related to the body's health."

In 2009, imports to the US were banned.

See also
 List of ineffective cancer treatments
 Pseudoscience

References

External links 
  An investigative report on fraudulent or dangerous alternative medical devices, focusing on the EPFX.

Alternative cancer treatments
Health fraud products
Isoprenol. Isoprenol, also known as 3-methylbut-3-en-1-ol, is a hemiterpene alcohol. It is produced industrially as an intermediate to 3-methylbut-2-en-1-ol (prenol): global production in 2001 can be estimated as 6–13 thousand tons.

Synthesis
Isoprenol is produced by the reaction between isobutene (2-methylpropene) and formaldehyde, in what is arguably the simplest example of the Prins reaction.

The thermodynamically preferred prenol with the more substituted double bond cannot be directly formed in the above reaction, but is produced via a subsequent isomerisation:

This isomerisation reaction is catalyzed by any species which can form an allyl complex without excessive hydrogenation of the substrate, for example poisoned palladium catalysts.

Uses
Isoprenol is primarily a feedstock used in the production of other more valuable chemicals. Isoprenol and its prenol isomer are used together in the formation of ionones such as  vitamin A. It is also used in the synthesis of pyrethroid pesticides , vitamin E, and citral.

Notes

References

Hemiterpenes
Alkenols
USS LSM(R)-197. LSM(R)-197 was a United States Navy vessel laid down at Charleston Navy Yard, Charleston, South Carolina. The ship was commissioned on 8 December 1944.

Design
LSM(R)-197 was one of twelve amphibious ships that evolved during World War II as battle experience identified new weapon requirements for the invasion of the Japanese home islands. These came out of modifications and conversions of LTC's, LCM's and LSM's.

In 1944 with the US Navy's mounting of a 5-inch/38 gun and rocket launchers on the LSM its mission to landing troop fire support out to 4,000 yards beyond the beach, they were to be used during the planned Invasion of Japan to be used for illumination, harassment and high trajectory fire to destroy reverse slope targets.

Service history
During World War II the ship was assigned to the Fifth Fleet under Admiral Raymond A. Spruance. After reaching the front lines after being commissioned in San Diego, she came into action during the invasion of the Kerma Retto islands and served on the Okinawa Radar Picket Line. The class was mentioned in a Life magazine on 14 April 1945.

References

LSM-LSMR WW II Amphiious forces Vol. II, Turner Publishing Co., 1996
Stewart, James M. (2003) "90 Day Naval Wonder"
Friedman, Norman (2002) "US Amphibious Ships and Crafts" Naval Institute Press, Annapolis, MD
Francis, Dennis L., Commander LSM Flotilla NINE, USS LC(FF) 525, Flagship April 1945

World War II amphibious warfare vessels of the United States
1944 ships
LSM(R)-188-class landing ships medium
Administrative domain. An administrative domain is a service provider holding a security repository permitting to easily authenticate and authorize clients with credentials. This particularly applies to computer network security.

This concept is captured by the 'AdminDomain' class of the GLUE information model.

An administrative domain is mainly used in intranet environments.

Implementation
It may be implemented as a collection of hosts and routers, and the interconnecting network(s), managed by a single administrative authority.

Interoperation between different administrative domains having different security repositories, different security software or different security policies is notoriously difficult.  Therefore, administrative domains wishing ad hoc interoperation or full interoperability have to build a federation.

References

Computer network security
ABC Gnat. The ABC Gnat was a 45 hp (34 kW) two-cylinder aero engine designed by British engineer Granville Bradshaw for use in light aircraft. The Gnat was built by ABC Motors, first running in 1916, production ceased in December 1918. 17 engines were built from an original order of 18.

Applications
BAT Crow
Blackburn Sidecar
Eastchurch Kitten
Grain Kitten
Loening M-2 Kitten
Macchi M.16G
Royal Flying Corps ‘Aerial Target’
Sopwith Sparrow
Sopwith Tadpole

Specifications (Gnat I)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 Lumsden, Alec. British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. .

External links

1910s aircraft piston engines
Gnat
ABC Mosquito. The ABC Mosquito was a 120 hp (90 kW) six-cylinder radial aero engine designed by the noted British engineer Granville Bradshaw for use in light aircraft. The single Mosquito engine was built by ABC Motors, first running in 1916. It is thought that the design resulted from a bet between Harry Hawker and Bradshaw, Hawker proposing that Bradshaw could not build and fly a six-cylinder radial engine. The Mosquito used copper-plated steel Gnat cylinders. The engine was not a success.

Applications
BAT F.K. 22

Specifications (Mosquito)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 Lumsden, Alec. British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. .

External links

1910s aircraft piston engines
Mosquito
Aircraft air-cooled radial piston engines
ABC Hornet. The ABC Hornet was an 80 hp (90 kW) four-cylinder aero engine designed in the late 1920s by the noted British engineer Granville Bradshaw for use in light aircraft. The Hornet was effectively a double Scorpion and was built by ABC Motors, first running in 1929.

In 1931 the engine was re-designed, including the adoption of the new Hiduminium alloys for the crankcase, exhaust manifolds and pistons.

Applications
Airship Development AD1
Civilian Coupe
Robinson Redwing
Southern Martlet
Westland Widgeon

Specifications (Hornet)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 Lumsden, Alec. British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. .

External links

1920s aircraft piston engines
Hornet
Airship engines
2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene. 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) is an organic compound with the chemical formula (O2N)2C6H3Cl. It is a yellow solid that is soluble in organic solvents. It is an intermediate for the industrial production of other compounds.

Preparation and reactions
DNCB is produced commercially by the nitration of p-nitrochlorobenzene with a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids. Other methods afford the compound less efficiently include the chlorination of 1,3-dinitrobenzene, nitration of o-nitrochlorobenzene and the dinitration of chlorobenzene.

By virtue of the two nitro substituents, the chloride in DNCB is particularly susceptible to nucleophilic substitution, at least relative to simple chlorobenzene. In this way, the compound is a precursor to many other compounds. In one example, DNCB is as a substrate in Glutathione S-Transferase, relevant to activity assays.

Safety 
DNCB induces a type IV hypersensitivity reaction in almost all people exposed to it, so it is used medically to assess the T cell activity in patients. This is a useful diagnostic test for immunocompromised patients. It can also be used to treat warts.

DNCB can cause contact dermatitis.

References

Nitrobenzene derivatives
Chlorobenzene derivatives
ADC Airdisco. The ADC Airdisco is a British V-8 aero engine that first ran in 1925.

Design and development
The 'Airdisco' was developed from the Renault 80 hp aero engine by Frank Halford of the Aircraft Disposal Company, the main difference being the use of aluminium cylinder heads. Halford later used one bank of cylinders to create the Cirrus engine.

Applications
Avro 548A
Cierva Parnall Gyroplane
de Havilland DH.51
Royal Aircraft Factory S.E.5A

Survivors
A de Havilland DH.51 owned and operated by the Shuttleworth Collection at Old Warden, Bedfordshire remains airworthy and is powered by an original ADC Airdisco engine.

Specifications (Airdisco)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 Lumsden, Alec. British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. .

External links

Airdisco Avro, Kings Cup entrant, Flight, July 1925

1920s aircraft piston engines
Airdisco
Tsutomu Kanai Award. The Tsutomu Kanai Award was established by the IEEE Computer Society in 1997 by an endowment from Hitachi, and named in honor of Dr. Tsutomu Kanai, who served as Hitachi's president for 30 years.

Overview
The Kanai Award may be presented annually upon the recommendation of the Kanai Award subcommittee, endorsement of the Awards Committee and approval of the Board of Governors. The Kanai Award recognized major contributions to the state-of-the-art distributed computing systems and their applications. The award consisted of a crystal model, a certificate, and $10,000.

In the evaluation process, the following criteria were considered:  seminal nature of the achievements, practical impact, breadth and depth of contributions, and quality of the nomination. Ken Thompson was the first Tsutomu Award winner in 1999 and Beng Chin Ooi was the last, in 2012. The award was discontinued afterwards.

List of recipients
 2012 Beng Chin Ooi
 2011 Ian Foster
 2009 Kenneth P. Birman
 2008 Benjamin W. Wah
 2007 Willy Zwaenepoel
 2006 Larry Smarr
 2005 Elisa Bertino
 2004 Kane Kim
 2003 James Gosling
 2002 Stephen S. Yau
 2001 Alfred Z. Spector
 2000 C. V. Ramamoorthy
 1999 Ken Thompson

See also
 List of computer science awards

External links

Top Tech Awards

Computer science awards
Awards established in 1997
Awards disestablished in 2012
IEEE society and council awards
ADC Nimbus. The ADC Nimbus was a British inline aero engine that first ran in 1926. The Nimbus was developed from the Siddeley Puma aero engine by Frank Halford of the Aircraft Disposal Company, the goal was to develop the Puma to produce its intended power output which Halford eventually achieved. The Nimbus was further developed into an air-cooled version known as the ADC Airsix which did not enter production and was not flown.

Applications
Airco DH.9
de Havilland DH.37
de Havilland DH.50
Nimbus Martinsyde
Vickers Vendace

Specifications (Nimbus)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 Lumsden, Alec. British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. .

External links
Nimbus Martinsyde, Flight, July 1928

1920s aircraft piston engines
Nimbus
Kashira Power Plant. Kashira Power Plant is a coal-fired power plant at Kashira in Moscow Oblast, Russia. Its first unit was commissioned in 1922 with a power capacity of 12 MW. As of today, it has an installed power capacity of 1,910 MW and a heating capacity of , and consists of 6 units. Double units 1 and 2 have capacity of 300 MW, and single units 4, 5 have capacity of 300 MW each, unit 6 has capacity of 330 MW. In addition, unit 7 has thermal capacity of 80 MW.

In 1951 a HVDC link with 30 MW built from the components of Elbe-Project to Moscow was built. Its terminal is situated west of the 110 kV switchyard at 54°51'29"N 38°14'45"E. However it is not in service any more. The power plant has an interesting feature as one of its two main chimneys serves as electricity pylon.

See also

 List of power stations in Russia

References

External links
 Inter RAO
 Plant description

Coal-fired power stations in Russia
Power stations built in the Soviet Union
William Garden. William Garden, CM (5 November 1918 – 29 April 2011) was a Canadian and American naval architect and marine engineer. For six decades, he designed watercraft ranging from commercial fishing vessels and tugboats to motor and sailing yachts.

Garden was born in Calgary, Alberta. His family moved to Oregon (and later Washington) while he was a child in 1924. After graduating from high school in Seattle, he studied boat building at the Edison Technical School, which later became part of Seattle Central Community College. He then went to work for Andrew's Boat Company on Seattle's Portage Bay and by the age of 24, had turned out more than 50 vessel designs.  He served at an army ship repair facility in Adak, Alaska – "I was the only man in the Army employed in what I liked doing." He was discharged in the spring of 1946 as a Master Sergeant, After World War II Garden became licensed as a naval architect and set up his own design shop in Washington. He moved to Victoria, B.C., in the late 1960s and bought a nearby private island he renamed Toad's Landing, where he did his design work from then on.

He was made a Member of the Order of Canada in 2006 in recognition for being "an accomplished naval architect and marine engineer".

He died April 29, 2011, at age 92.

Designs
Bluejacket MS 23
Gulf 32
US Yachts US 305

References

 Blue Book of Boats: Yacht designer, William Garden

External links
  Mystic Seaport William Garden page

 http://library.mysticseaport.org/images/Garden1.jpg

William Garden
Canadian naval architects
Canadian yacht designers
Members of the Order of Canada
People from Calgary
United States Army non-commissioned officers
United States Army personnel of World War II

1918 births
2011 deaths
Canadian emigrants to the United States
Mud agitator. A mud agitator is used in surface mud systems to suspend solids and maintain homogeneous mixture throughout the system. A mechanical agitator is driven by an explosion-proof motor, coupled to a gear box that drives the impeller shaft. The impellers (turbines) transform mechanical power into fluid circulation or agitation. The objective is to obtain a uniform suspension of all solids.

Types of agitator mounting
Horizontally mounted agitator
Vertically mounted agitator

Types of agitating shaft seal
Mechanical seal 
Packing seal

Types of agitator impellers

Radial Flow Impeller.  Figure 1  shows a radial flow created by the impellers wherein the circulation is predominantly horizontal.
Axial Flow Impellers. Figure 2 shows an axial flow created by the impellers wherein the circulation is predominantly axial fluid movement.

Types of impeller blades
Flat blade impeller
Canted blade impeller
Contour blade impeller

Notes

Drilling fluid