omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Rotorschmiede VA115. The Rotorschmiede VA115 is a German helicopter, designed  and produced by Rotorschmiede GmbH of Munich, introduced at the AERO Friedrichshafen airshow in 2015. The aircraft is supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

The aircraft first flew in the summer of 2015.

Design and development
The VA115 was designed to comply with the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles regulations, as well as the German 120 kg class and European Class 6 microlight helicopter rules. As its designation indicates, the aircraft has a standard empty weight of .

The VA115 features dual, coaxial main rotors with NACA 23012 airfoils, a single-seat open cockpit without a windshield, tricycle landing gear and a two-cylinder, air-cooled, two stroke, fuel-injected  Hirth F23 engine.

The aircraft fuselage is made from metal tubing, with a small cockpit fairing. Its dual two-bladed rotors each have diameters of . The aircraft has a typical empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload for the pilot and baggage is .

Reviewer Werner Pfaendler, described the VA115 as "beautifully engineered".

Specifications (VA115)

See also
List of rotorcraft

References

External links

VA115
2010s German sport aircraft
2010s German ultralight aircraft
2010s German helicopters
Aircraft first flown in 2015
Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Lira–Gulu–Nebbi–Arua High Voltage Power Line. The Lira–Gulu–Nebbi–Arua High Voltage Power Line is an operational high voltage electricity power line in Uganda. It connects the high voltage substation at Lira, in Lira District, to another high voltage substation at Arua, in Arua District, all in the Northern Region of the country.

Location
The 132 kilo Volt power line starts at the 132kV substation at Lira, approximately , by road, north of Kampala, Uganda's capital and largest city. The power line travels in a general northwesterly direction to Gulu, the largest city in Northern Uganda, a distance of approximately , by road from Lira.

From Gulu, the power line continues in a general southwesterly direction to Nebbi, in Nebbi District, approximately  away, by road. From Nebbi, the power line turns northwest and runs another , to end in the city of Arua. The power line which does not track the roads all the time has a total length of about .

Overview
This power line is intended to transmit electricity in an improved, sustainable manner to Uganda's Northern Region and extend the national electric grid to the West Nile sub-region. This is in line with government of Uganda's Vision 2040 to achieve middle income status by 2040.

Associated substations
The work includes the construction of 132kV substations at Gulu, Nebbi and Arua, and the expansion of the existing 132kV substation at Lira. If the Lira substation cannot be expanded for technical reasons, a brand new second 132kV substation will be built at Lira.

Construction
The government of Uganda obtained financing in the amount of US$100 million, from the International Development Association to fund the construction of this energy project. The government contributed US$27.3 million to project costs. As of 5 May 2016, the feasibility studies, population resettlement plans and the acquisition of a procurement consultant had been completed. Work on soliciting of a contractor began in September 2016, with completion expected in 2022.

In July 2020, the construction contract was awarded to KEC International Limited of India and a joint venture company comprising  AVIC International Holding Corporation and Central Southern China Electric Power Design Institute Company Limited. Construction was expected to last two years and conclude in the second half of 2022.

Developments
In August 2024, Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Limited energized the Nebbi substation on this line, thereby connecting the West Nile sub-region to Uganda's national grid.

See also
Energy in Uganda
List of power stations in Uganda

References

External links
Website of the Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Limited
Final Resettlement Action Plan For Lira-Gulu-Nebbi-Arua High Voltage Power Line (132kV). 21 March 2016

High-voltage transmission lines in Uganda
Energy infrastructure in Africa
Energy in Uganda
Proposed electric power transmission systems
Beneteau Oceanis 321. The Beneteau Oceanis 321 is a French sailboat that was designed by Group Finot and first built in 1995.

Production
The boat was built by Beneteau in France starting in 1995, with 848 examples completed, but it is now out of production.

The Oceanis 321 design was also sold under the names Moorings 321, Moorings 322, Stardust 322 and Stardust 323. The Oceanis 321 Clipper was a version with many options included as standard equipment.

Design

The Oceanis 321 is a small recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass. It has a masthead sloop rig, an internally-mounted spade-type rudder and a fixed fin keel with a weighted bulb. It displaces  and carries  of ballast.

The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel fitted. The Oceanis 321 is fitted with a Swedish Volvo diesel engine. The fuel tank holds  and the fresh water tank has a capacity of .

The boat has a hull speed of .

See also
List of sailing boat types

Similar sailboats
Bayfield 30/32
B-Boats B-32
C&C 32
C&C 99
Catalina 320
Contest 32 CS
Hunter 32 Vision
Hunter 326
J/32
Mirage 32
Nonsuch 324
Ontario 32
Ranger 32

References

External links

Keelboats
Sailing yachts
1990s sailboat type designs
Sailboat types built by Beneteau
Sailboat type designs by Groupe Finot
Juche-class EMU. The Juche-class () are a pair of 4-car electric multiple units built by the Kim Chong-t'ae Electric Locomotive Works in 1978 and 1982, intended for service on the Korean State Railway.

Description

Electric railcars had been used in Korea before the war by the Kŭmgangsan Electric Railway, and these were used by Korean State Railway until the line was destroyed during the Korean War, and no further electric railcars were used after that for many years. However, the opening of the P'yŏngyang Metro in 1973, along with worldwide attention on high-speed electric trainsets such as the Japanese Shinkansen put into service in 1964 and the ER200 class introduced by the Soviet Railways in 1974, led the Railway Ministry to direct efforts towards the development of an electric multiple unit for North Korea, resulting in the unveiling of North Korea's first electric trainset, the Juche-class EMU, in 3 March 1978 at Kim Jong Thae as part of the 200 day campaign. Externally, the four-car set was similar in appearance to the 181 series trainsets used by the Japanese National Railways on the Kodama limited express of the day; internally, despite all of North Korea's electrification being 3000 V DC, the Juche-class EMU was built for two-system operation - possibly with a view to future operation in South Korea, where 25 kV AC electrification was used.

The trainset was named 'Juche' by Kim Il Sung, in appreciation of the labour the workers of Kim Chong-t'ae locomotive works put into manufacturing it.

A second 4-car set was built in 1982, as part of the celebrations for Kim Il Sung's 70th birthday.

Operation
One of the set was refurbished, repainted, and put into use on a daily commuter service for scientists between P'yŏngyang and Paesanjŏm on June 23rd, 1998, timetabled to take one hour to cover the  distance each way.

Philately 
The train was featured on a stamp issued on 30 April 1987.

References

Locomotives of North Korea
Kim Chong-tae Works locomotives
3000 V DC locomotives
25 kV AC locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1976
High Endoatmospheric Defense Interceptor. High Endoatmospheric Defense Interceptor (HEDI) was an atmospheric missile defense layer developed for the Strategic Defense Initiative, along with Exoatmospheric Reentry-vehicle Interceptor Subsystem. It consisted of a two-stage launch vehicle (booster) and an infrared homing kill vehicle with a conventional warhead. Hughes Aircraft and Aerojet were contractors, and McDonnell Douglas was the system integrator.

The HEDI aimed to employ ground-based missiles to intercept submarine-launched ballistic missiles and intercontinental ballistic missiles and operate in the high endoatmosphere region in order to destroy them.

See also
Terminal High Altitude Area Defense

References

External links

Strategic Defense Initiative
Anti-ballistic missiles of the United States
Synchronous grid of Northern Europe. The Nordic regional group (formerly NORDEL) of ENTSO-E is a synchronous electrical grid composed of the electricity grids of Norway, Sweden, Finland and the eastern part of electricity sector in Denmark (Zealand with islands and Bornholm). The grid is not synchronized with the synchronous grid of Continental Europe, but has a number of non-synchronous DC connections with that as well as other synchronous grids. Gotland is not synchronized with the Swedish mainland either, as it is connected by HVDC.

DC Links
The Nordic system is connected to other synchronous areas by these links:
NordLink, Norway to Germany
Konti-Skan, Sweden-West Denmark Jutland
Skagerrak, western Denmark (Jutland) - Norway
Great Belt Power Link, Western Denmark (Jutland) - Eastern Denmark
Baltic Cable, Sweden to Germany
SwePol, Sweden to Poland
NordBalt, Sweden to Lithuania
NorNed, Norway to the Netherlands
North Sea Link Norway to the UK
Estlink, Finland to Estonia 
Kontek, eastern Denmark to Germany

References

 
Electric power transmission systems in Europe
Electric power in the European Union
Northern Europe
Nordic countries
Localized pulsed electrodeposition. Localized pulsed electrodeposition (L-PED) is a technique for direct 3D printing of free-standing and layer-by-layer micro/nano-scale metallic structures at the tip of an electrolyte containing nozzle. The method follows the same principle for metal deposition as the traditional electrodeposition (electroplating), however the area of deposition is limited by the size of a liquid bridge (meniscus) formed between the nozzle tip and the substrate. The unique advantage of the L-PED process is the possibility of the control over the spatial microstructure of the printed metal in 3D geometries by adjusting deposition parameters (peak current density, on time, off time, etc.). This method can be used in various applications in nanotechnology, in particular for 3-dimensional electronics and sensors.

3D Printing Process
A nozzle with a few microns to sub-micron tip, containing the electrolyte of the metal of interest, works as the printing tool bit. When the nozzle approaches the substrate, the meniscus is formed at the nozzle tip, and functions as a confined electrodeposition bath. A two-electrode configuration was employed for the L-PED process, consists of a working electrode (the substrate) and a counter electrode (a metal wire which is inserted within the micropipette). The metal ions are reduced at the growth front within the meniscus area and deposited at the substrate by application of an appropriate pulsed electric potential between the electrodes. The precise and controlled motion of the relative position of the nozzle and the substrate results in printing of desired 3D pure metallic objects.

Involved Mechanisms
The L-PED involves several ionic transport mechanisms including convection (driven by evaporation), diffusion and migration. These transport mechanisms are affected by short duration ON-pulses, and longer duration OFF-pulses. Subsequently, the ion concentration and the current density constantly change in each pulse cycle. These parameters eventually regulate the printing rate and the microstructure of the printed metal in L-PED.

Historical background
The localized electrodeposition was first reported by a group at University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 2006, and was used to fabricate high-density and high quality interconnects and wire bonds. A research group at University of Texas at Dallas studied the process further and determined that through the application of a pulsed voltage, nanotwinned metals can be 3D-printed. They demonstrated the ambient environment L-PED process for direct printing of 3D free-standing nanotwinned Cu nanostructures for the first time.

References

External links
Rapid Prototyping & 3D Printing

3D printing processes
SKT Skyrider 06. The SKT Skyrider 06 is a Swiss helicopter, designed and produced by SKT Swiss Kopter Technology SA of Ambrì. It was first flown in 2013 and entered series production in January 2014. The aircraft is supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

Design and development
The Skyrider development was started in December 2011. In June 2013 the company was formed to produce the aircraft and the first production examples were completed in January 2014.

The design features a single main rotor and tail rotor, a two-seats-in side-by-side configuration enclosed cockpit with a windshield, skid landing gear and a four-cylinder, liquid-cooled, four stroke  Italian MW Fly B22 AeroPower piston engine.

The aircraft fuselage is made from steel tubing, with a carbon fibre composite cockpit and tailboom. The aircraft's composite three-bladed main rotor has a diameter of . The composite tail rotor has two blades and a diameter of . The cabin width is . The aircraft has a gross weight of . With full fuel of  the payload for the pilot, passengers and baggage is .

Reviewer Werner Pfaendler, describes it as an "elegant design".

Operational history
By January 2018 one example had been registered in Canada with Transport Canada under the Special Certificate of Airworthiness Limited category.

Specifications (Skyrider)

See also
List of rotorcraft

References

External links

Skyrider
2010s Swiss civil utility aircraft
2010s Swiss helicopters
Aircraft first flown in 2013
Steve Davis World Snooker. Steve Davis World Snooker is a sports simulation video game developed by Binary Design and published by CDS Software. It simulates different types of cue sports, specifically snooker, pool and billiards. Released under licence from 6-time Snooker World Champion, Steve Davis, it is a sequel to their 1984 game Steve Davis Snooker.

Development
The game had specific contributions from programmer Mick West, whom this was his first Amiga game he programmed. He stated that it took the team "around 6 months" to program the game, and was harder as the game's artist was not full-time. West also described the development style; "For Steve Davis, I'd code on one machine, write it to a floppy, and then insert it into another machine. Rather slow, but then the game was small, so loaded quickly."

Overview
World Snooker is an updated 16-bit version of CDS Software's earlier 8-bit Steve Davis game. Game Modes include; ten or fifteen  snooker, pool (including variants eight-ball, nine-ball and blackball and english and carom billiards. All games modes can be played in single-player, multiplayer, or against the AI, with the AI taking the form of Steve Davis. The program has six different levels of playing skill. The view is fixed overhead, however you can zoom in on the table, with the option of slow motion replays. The game also has a practice mode, in which lines indicate what the results of a shot will be, and balls can be moved around to set up trick shots.

Reception

World Snooker received average to positive results from critics. Computer and Video Games magazine scored the game at 72% on both versions. CVG praised the game's "brilliant" presentation, that was "bound to appeal to fans of the sport" but criticized the game's high difficulty, but did acknowledge there was "plenty to keep enthusiasts amused for hours on end".

Zzap magazine also scored the game highly at 75% when reviewing the Amiga version, saying the game was "a pretty slick snooker sim which is bound to appeal to all Davis fans." The Games Machine rated the game highly at 81% for both versions of the game, saying it was a "must have for mouse-wielding cue freaks."

Advanced Computing Entertainment magazine gave the game, 540/1000 commenting that while "It's fun to play as a game in its own right, and does have lasting interest, as long as you appreciate its idiosyncrasies", "genuine snooker and pool enthusiasts won't be greatly impressed."

References

External links 
 

1989 video games
Amiga games
Artworx games
Atari ST games
Binary Design games
Davis
Davis
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Snooker video games
Video games based on real people
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Microsoft .NET strategy. The Microsoft .NET strategy is a marketing plan that Microsoft followed in the early 2000s. Steve Ballmer described it as the company's "most ambitious undertaking since Internet Strategy Day in 1995". In support of this strategy, between 2000 and 2002, Microsoft released ".NET" branded updates to its works, including Visual Studio .NET, Visual Basic .NET,  .NET Passport, .NET My Services, .NET Framework, ASP.NET and ADO.NET. A Windows .NET Server was also announced. Microsoft had plans to include Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft Exchange Server and MSN into this strategy.

By 2003, however, the .NET strategy had dwindled into a failed branding campaign because the brand had failed to articulate what Microsoft had in mind in the first place. As such, Windows .NET Server was released under the title of Windows Server 2003. Since then, Visual Studio and .NET Passport have been stripped of ".NET" in their brandings. However, Microsoft and the rest of the computing industry use ".NET" to indicate close association with .NET Framework, e.g. .NET Compiler Platform, .NET Foundation and .NET Reflector.

References

Further reading

 
 

Microsoft initiatives
Microsoft culture
.NET
Rauze Viaduct. The Rauze Viaduct is a concrete box-girder bridge located in southern France, at around 330 ft high. The bridge can carry heavy vehicles and loads on the A20 autoroute. It crosses the specific River Rauze.

History

Design
The structural engineering was by SECOA (Société d'étude et de calculs en ouvrages d'art). It is a haunched girder bridge. The area is designated under Natura 2000 as a natural fauna ecological area, so none of the piers could be put in the river. The three central spans are 130 m long, with the other outer spans being 91 m and 74 m long.

Construction
It was built by Dodin Campenon-Bernard, with the balanced cantilever method. Pre-stressing was by Spie Précontrainte (Spie Batignolles) of Cergy in Paris. 28,000 cubic metres of concrete were required; the limestone came from a quarry in Cahors. Steel fabrication was by SAMT of Saint-Chamas. The autoroute scheme was completed on 20 June 2001, and opened on 12 July 2001.

Structure
It is in the Lot department in the Occitanie region, 5 km north-west of Cahors.

See also
 Dordogne Viaduct, 1,070m long, also on the A20 autoroute, to the north

References

External links
 Structurae
 Construction

2001 establishments in France
Box girder bridges in France
Bridges completed in 2001
Concrete bridges in France
Transport in Occitania (administrative region)
Bharat Bhushan (academic). Bharat Bhushan is an American engineer. He is an Ohio Eminent Scholar and the Howard D. Winbigler Professor at Ohio State University.

Education 
Bhushan graduated with a BE in mechanical engineering from the Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani in 1970, an MS in mechanical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1971, and an MS in mechanics from the University of Colorado, Boulder (CU) in 1973. He received his PhD from CU in 1979. He also has an MBA in management from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (1980).

In addition to five earned college degrees, he has also received five honorary doctorate degrees: in 1990 from the University of Trondheim; in 1996 from the Warsaw University of Technology; in 2000 from the Metal-Polymer Research Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus; in 2011 from the University of Kragujevac, and in 2019 from University of Tyumen, Russia.

Research 
Bhushan's research interests include nanotribology, nanomechanics, scanning probe microscopy, biotechnology, nanotechnology, biomimetics, science and public policy. He has authored or co-authored ten books, more than 900 scientific papers, and holds more than 25 US and foreign patents. He is one of 1500 Google Scholar's ‘Highly Cited Researchers in All Fields’, with a ‘h index’ of 130, and one of Scopus 440 scientists for career-long citation impact across all fields worldwide. He is the Fourth Highly Cited Researcher in Mechanical Engineering and an ISI Highly Cited Researcher in Materials Science and in the Cross-field Category. Among various fellowships, in 1998 and 2007, he received the Alexander von Humboldt Research Prize for Senior Scientists, in 1999, he received the Fulbright Senior Scholar Award, and in 2002 and 2007, he received Max Planck Foundation Research Award for Outstanding Foreign Scientists, He received the International Award from the Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers. In 2015, he received the Institution of Chemical Engineers(UK) Global Award. In 2020, he received the Mayo D. Hersey Award from the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and the Tribology Gold Medal from the International Tribology Council.

References

External links
 Nanoprobe Laboratory at OSU

20th-century American engineers
21st-century American engineers
American mechanical engineers
American nanotechnologists
Tribologists
Ohio State University faculty
Living people
American people of Indian descent
Year of birth missing (living people)
Wash copper. A wash copper, copper boiler or simply copper is a wash house boiler, generally made of galvanised iron, though the best sorts are made of copper. In the inter-war years they came in two types. The first is built into a brickwork furnace and was found in older houses. The second was the free-standing or portable type, it had an enamelled metal exterior that supported the inner can or copper. The bottom part was adapted to hold a gas burner, a high pressure oil or an ordinary wood or coal fire. Superior models could have a drawing-off tap, and a steam-escape pipe that led into the flue.

It was used for domestic laundry. Linen and cotton were placed in the copper and were boiled to whiten them. Clothes were agitated within the copper with a washing dolly, a vertical stick with either a metal cone or short wooden legs on it. After washing, the laundry was lifted out of the boiling water using the washing dolly or a similar device, and placed on a strainer resting on a laundry tub or similar container to capture the wash water and begin the drying and cooling process. The laundry was then dried with a mangle and then line-dried.  

Coppers could also be used in cooking, used to boil puddings such as a traditional Christmas pudding.  

Meticulous care was taken to avoid rust, and grease. In cases of the latter it could be cleaned with paraffin or soft soap. Water was always put in the copper before it was lit. In the case of solid fuel, a small shovel of hot coals would be brought from the main kitchen fire and coke shovelled on top.

See also
 Russian stove
 Kamado (Japanese)
 Furo
 Agungi/Buttumak (Korean)

References

External links
 

Laundry washing equipment
Fire
Heating