omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
André Sougarret. André Sougarret is a Chilean mining engineer who was the CEO of Codelco in 2022–2023. Previously he led the rescue efforts of the 2010 Copiapó mining accident, and has been director of El Teniente mine, and executive vice-president of Empresa Nacional de Minería. Following his leadership in the rescue of the 2010 Copiapó mining accident's 33 miners he was named "engineer of the year" and "mining engineer of the year" by the Chilean engineers' association. In the movie The 33 Sougarret was portrayed by Gabriel Byrne. The film incorrectly portrays Sougarett halting the rescue operation due to safety concerns, a decision he did not make in the real rescue effort.

References

Chilean chief executive officers
Chilean mining engineers
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people) 
Date of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
BusKill. BusKill is an open-source hardware and software project that designs computer kill cords to protect the confidentiality of the system's data from physical theft. The hardware designs are licensed CC BY-SA and the software is licensed GPLv3. BusKill cables are available commercially from the official website or through authorized distributors.

The name BusKill is an amalgamation of "Bus" from USB and "Kill" from kill cord.

History 

The first computer kill cord was built by Michael Altfield in 2017.

The term "BusKill" was coined by Altfield in January 2020 when publishing the first BusKill build and udev usage instructions (Linux-only), and it was ported by cyberkryption from Linux to Windows a couple weeks later. The project's official website launched the following month.

The first OS X version of the BusKill app was released in May 2020 by Steven Johnson.

A cross-platform rewrite of the software based on Kivy was released in August 2020 with support for Linux, OS X, and Windows.

In December 2021, Alt Shift International OÜ ran a crowdfunding campaign to manufacture BusKill cables on Crowd Supply. The campaign raised $18,507 by January 2022.

Hardware 

The BusKill cable is a kill cord that physically tethers a user to their computer with a USB cable.

One end of the cable plugs into a computer. The other end of the cable is a carabiner that attaches to the user.

In the middle of the cable is a magnetic breakaway coupler, to allow the cable to be safely separated at any angle without physically damaging the computer or the user.

A 3D-printable hardware BusKill cable is currently under development.

Software 

The BusKill project maintains a cross-platform GUI app that can either lock the screen or shutdown the computer when the cable's connection to the computer is severed and the app is in the "armed" state.

Use 

If the computer is separated from the user, then a magnetic breakaway in the cable causes a USB hotplug removal event to execute a trigger in the app.

The trigger executed by the BusKill cable's removal can lock the screen, shutdown, or securely erase the LUKS header and master encryption keys within a few seconds of the cable's separation.

If combined with full disk encryption, then these triggers can be used to ensure the confidentiality of data or be used as a counter-forensics device.

See also 

 Dead man's switch
 USBKill
 Tails (operating system)
 List of data-erasing software
 List of free and open-source software packages

References

External links
 

Software using the GNU General Public License
Free and open-source software
Free software programmed in Python
Anti-forensic software
Computer security software
Security software
Windows security software
MacOS security software
Linux security software
Cross-platform software
USB
PJ 30 1/2 Ton. The PJ-30 1/2 Ton is a sailboat that was designed by Sparkman & Stephens as an International Offshore Rule Half Ton class racer and first built in 1973. It was simultaneously sold in Canada with a different deck and coach house design as the North Star 1000. The boat is Sparkman & Stephens' design 2098-C6, based upon design 2098.

The design was developed into the Hughes 31 in 1979. Sparkman & Stephens' design 2098 is also used for the S&S 30 and the Sagitta 30.

Production
The design was built by Palmer Johnson in the United States and by North Star Yachts in Canada, starting in 1973, but it is now out of production.

Design
The PJ-30 1/2 Ton is a racing keelboat, built predominantly of fibreglass, with wood trim. It has a masthead sloop rig; a raked stem; a raised counter, reverse transom, a skeg-mounted rudder and a fixed fin keel. It displaces  and carries  of ballast.

The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel.

The boat is fitted with a Universal Atomic 4 gasoline engine for docking and manoeuvring.

The design has sleeping accommodation for six people, with a double "V"-berth in the bow cabin and four settee and pilot berths in the main cabin. The galley is located on the starboard side abeam the companionway ladder. The galley is equipped with a two-burner stove and a sink. A navigation station is opposite the galley, on the port side. The head is located just aft of the bow cabin on the port side.

For sailing the design may be equipped with one of a number of jibs or genoas.

The design has a hull speed of .

Operational history
The boat is supported by an active class club that organizes racing events, the Half Ton Class.

See also
List of sailing boat types

References

External links
Photo of a North Star 1000, showing keel shape

Keelboats
1970s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Sailboat type designs by Sparkman and Stephens
Sailboat types built by Hughes Boat Works
Sailboat types built by Palmer Johnson
Yasuyuki Tanaka. Prof. Yasuyuki Tanaka (1935 - 1 May 2009) was a Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology professor noted for elucidating the molecular structure of natural rubber, and for his work in synthetic rubber.

Tanaka received his M.S. (1961) and Ph.D. degrees from Osaka University in the chemistry of structural characterization of elastomers and synthesis of copolymers.  After receiving his doctorate, he worked in industry at the Japan Synethic Rubber Company for 12 years. In 1973, he joined the Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology from which he retired as a professor at the Division of Applied Chemistry in the Faculty of Technology in 2000.  He joined the faculty of Chulalongkorn University in 1999 and Mahidol University in 2001.

Tanaka showed that natural rubber is a kind of long-chain telechelic polymer with peptide and phospholipid terminal groups. This was confirmed by the synthesis of model cis- 1,4-polyisoprenes.

Tanaka established a practical method for producing deproteinized natural rubber.  Deproteinized natural rubber is free from allergens. His process was applied to the production of allergy-free condoms and gloves.

In 1998 the French Academy of Science awarded Tanaka the "Lavoisier Medal" for his work on the biosynthesis mechanism of natural rubber. In 1999, Tanaka received the Best Research Award from the Society of Rubber Industry, Japan, for his work on the preparation and application of deproteinized natural rubber.

Tanaka was the 2001 recipient of the Charles Goodyear Medal.

The Tanaka Rubber Science and Technology Award was created after his death to support exceptional researchers in rubber science and technology including the disciplines of chemistry, biology, physics, or engineering.

External links
 2001 Interview with Yasuyuki Tanaka

References

Polymer scientists and engineers
Japanese chemists
Jean-Marie Massoubre. Jean Marie Massoubre (23 November 1921 - 23 August 2020) was a Michelin engineer associated with the early development of the radial tire.  He was later in his career on the board of directors of Michelin.  

Massoubre received his education in chemistry from ENSIC. During the school year 1943-1944, he received a research allowance to work as a Practical Work Monitor in physical chemistry. The allowance was renewed for the year 1944-1945, but Massoubre resigned as of 1 October 1944.  

Massoubre was an R & D coordinator at Michelin.  Over his career he received many patents for tire technology.  He was elected to the Board of Directors on November 21, 1986. He was re-elected to the Board of Directors on December 15, 1989, and elected Honorary Chairman of the Board of Directors on November 13, 1992.  

Massoubre was the 1976 recipient of the Colwyn Medal. He was the 1989 recipient of the Charles Goodyear Medal.

References

Polymer scientists and engineers
1921 births
2020 deaths
Tire industry people
Michelin people
Curta (disambiguation). Curta is a hand-held mechanical calculator designed by Curt Herzstark.

Curta may also refer to:
Bogdan Curta (born 1982), Romanian folk singer-songwriter, poet and radio host
Florin Curta (born 1965), Romanian-born American archaeologist and historian
Curta (footballer), or Josep Puig Puig (1922 – 1997), Spanish football player

See also
18000. 18000 may refer to:

Railway vehicles 

 British Rail 18000 - a prototype gas turbine-electric locomotive built for British Railways in 1949 
 Tokyo Metro 18000 series - an electric multiple unit train type 
 TCDD DE18000 - a type of diesel-electric locomotive built for Turkish State Railways

Other 

 ISO/IEC 18000 - an international standard that describes RFID technologies 
 18,000 BCE - a year in pre-history
 18,000 - a number
 18000 - a minor planet
Honghui railway. The Honghui railway () is a railway line in Baiyin, Gansu, China. It was built in the early 1970s to allow the export of coal, and was opened in 1974. The line has also been used for the export of crops. The line branches from the Baotou–Lanzhou railway north of Baiyin West railway station. It continues east towards its terminus at Honghui railway station in Pingchuan District. Passenger services operate between Baiyin West and Changzheng railway station.

The Baiyin–Zhongwei section of the Yinchuan–Lanzhou high-speed railway will roughly parallel the line.

Incident
On 8 March 2022 at around 10pm, a dump truck struck a railway overbridge between Wujiachuan and Jingyuan West stations. This caused the bridge to tilt. When a freight train passed over the bridge, the locomotive derailed and fell to the ground. Three people died at the scene and one injured person was taken to hospital.

References

Railway lines in China
Railway lines opened in 1974
North Star 80/20. The North Star 80/20 is a Canadian sailboat that was designed by Sparkman & Stephens as a cruiser and first built in 1973. The boat is a version of Sparkman & Stephens' design 2134.

A heavier version of the design was sold as the Hughes 40. Sparkman & Stephens design 2134 was also the basis for the Swift 40 built by Kang Nam Shipbuilders in South Korea.

Production
The design was built by North Star Yachts in Canada, starting in 1973 and later by Hughes Boat Works, also in Canada, after Howard Hughes bought the company back and renamed both the company and the sailboat models sold.

Design
The North Star 80/20 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fibreglass, with wood trim. It has a masthead ketch rig, a centre cockpit, a raked stem, an angled transom, a skeg-mounted rudder controlled by a wheel and a fixed fin keel.

The boat is fitted with a Westerbeke 4-154 diesel engine of  for docking and manoeuvring. The fuel tank holds  and the fresh water tank has a capacity of .

The design has sleeping accommodation for seven people, with a double "V"-berth in the bow cabin, three straight settee berths in the main cabin and an aft cabin with a double "V"-berth. The galley is located on the starbord side just forward of the companionway ladder. The galley is U-shaped and is equipped with a three-burner stove and a sink. There are two heads, one just aft of the bow cabin on the starboard side and one on the starboard side in the aft cabin.

For sailing the design may be equipped with one of a number of jibs or genoas.

The design has a hull speed of .

Variants
North Star 80/20
This model built by North Star Yachts displaces  and carries  of ballast. The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel.
Hughes 40
This model built by Hughes Boat Works displaces  and carries  of ballast. The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel.

Operational history
When new, some North Star 80/20s were employed in the Caribbean yacht charter market.

See also
List of sailing boat types

Related boats
Swift 40

References

Keelboats
1970s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Sailboat type designs by Sparkman and Stephens
Sailboat types built by Hughes Boat Works
Design 1001 ship. The Design 1001 ship (full name Emergency Fleet Corporation Design 1001) was a wood-hulled cargo ship design approved for production by the United States Shipping Boards Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFT) in World War I. They were referred to as the "Ferris"-type after its designer, naval architect Theodore E. Ferris. Most ships were completed in 1918 or 1919. Many ships were completed as barges or as hulls.

Gallery

References

External links
 EFC Design 1001: Illustrations

Standard ship types of the United States
Neodymium bismuthide. Neodymium bismuthide or Bismuth-Neodymium is a binary inorganic compound of neodymium and bismuth with the formula NdBi. It forms crystals.

Preparation 
Neodymium bismuthide can be prepared by reacting a stoichiometric amount of neodymium and bismuth at 1900°C:

Nd + Bi → NdBi

Physical properties 
Neodymium bismuthide forms cubic crystals of the space group Fm3m, with cell parameters a = 0.64222 nm, Z = 4 with a structure like sodium chloride. The compound melts at 1900°C. At a temperature of 24 K, an antiferromagnetic transition occurs in the compound.

References 

Neodymium(III) compounds
Bismuth compounds
Bismuthides
Rock salt crystal structure
Design 1003 ship. The Design 1003 ship (full name Emergency Fleet Corporation Design 1003) was a wood-hulled cargo ship design approved for production by the United States Shipping Boards Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFT) in World War I. They were referred to as the "Hough"-type. Most ships were completed in 1918 or 1919. Many ships were completed as barges or as hulls.

References

External links
 EFC Design 1003: Illustrations

Standard ship types of the United States
Design 1004 ship. The Design 1004 ship (full name Emergency Fleet Corporation Design 1004) was a wood-hulled cargo ship design approved for production by the United States Shipping Boards Emergency Fleet Corporation (EFT) in World War I. They were referred to as the "Peninsula"-type as all were built by the Peninsula Shipbuilding Company in Portland, Oregon. All ships were completed in 1918 or 1919. Ten ships were completed. The "Peninsula"-type were the only wooden-hull ships built with a turbine engine which was common on steel ships built at the same time.

References

External links
 EFC Design 1004: Illustrations

Standard ship types of the United States
Janina Maultzsch. Janina Maultzsch is a German physicist who is the Chair of Experimental Physics at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg. Her research considers the electronic and optical properties of carbon nanomaterials.

Early life and education 
Maultzsch was an undergraduate student at Technische Universität Berlin, where she studied physics. She remained in Berlin for doctoral research, investigating the vibrational properties of carbon allotropes including nanotubes and graphite.

Research and career 
Maultzsch moved to the University of Siegen, where she worked on near field microscopy. She returned to Technische Universität Berlin in late 2004, where she worked as a researcher in the Institute of Solid State Physics. She moved to Columbia University in 2006, working as a postdoctoral researcher with Tony Heinz. She returned Technische Universität Berlin in 2008, where she was made an assistant professor. She is interested in low-dimensional materials, including transition-metal dichalcogenides and graphene.

Maultzsch contributed to the understanding of carbon nanotubes. In particular, she investigated their electronic and vibrational properties. She made use of resonant Raman spectroscopy to uncover the optical transition energies and radial mode frequencies of various metallic and semiconducting nanotubes. She showed that the optical transition energies and electronic structures depend on the chirality index of the nanotube. She revealed that electron-phonon coupling increases for smaller chiral angles.

In 2010, Maultzsch was awarded an ERC Starting Grant focused on the characterisation of carbon nanomaterials. In 2015, she was promoted to full Professor for Novel Materials. In 2017, Maultzsch was appointed the Chair of Experimental Physics at the University of Erlangen–Nuremberg.

Selected publications

References 

 21st-century German physicists
Technische Universität Berlin alumni
Academic staff of Technische Universität Berlin
Academic staff of the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
German women physicists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Timothy B. Rhyne. Timothy B. Rhyne is a retired Michelin Research Fellow and co-inventor of the Tweel. 

Rhyne received his BS and PhD degrees from North Carolina State University. He started at Michelin in 1978, originally in machine design, and moving to tire research and development in 1986. 

He was an adjunct professor at Clemson University's ICAR (International Center for Automotive Research) where he taught tire mechanics. 

In 2021, he and co-inventor Steven M. Cron were jointly awarded the Charles Goodyear Medal, the highest honor conferred by the American Chemical Society, Rubber Division.  It was the first time that the award was given jointly.

References

Polymer scientists and engineers
Tire industry people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Michelin people
Dmitri Konovalov. Dmitri Petrovich Konovalov (22 March 1856 – 6 January 1929) was a Russian-Soviet physical chemist who worked on gas-liquid phases of solutions in equilibrium and came up with several rules that were also independently worked on by J. Willard Gibbs and the rules are often called Gibbs-Konovalov rules. They provide the basis for distillation and separation of components that form azeotropes.

Life and work 

Konovalov was born in Ivanovka and went to study at the Mining institute at St. Petersburg in 1878. He became a student of Dmitri Mendeleev in 1890 and later succeeded him as professor of inorganic chemistry at St. Petersburg. He became director of the Mining institute in 1904 and became a deputy minister of trade and industry, while also presiding of the bureau of weights and measures. 
Konovalov identified a rule for two liquids in solution and their distillation. He considered two components in a closed system and examined the vapour pressures of the components and stated that at equilibrium, the vapor pressures, and the partial pressures of the components in the vapor, are equal. Konovalov came up with the theory based on a thought experiment and then demonstrated it through experiments. Konovalov's second rule was that the maxima or minima of saturation vapour-pressure curves corresponded to the composition of azeotropic mixtures. Konovalov also examined osmotic pressure across membranes and gave a formula for equilibrium in 1890. He also worked on two component electrolytes and the heat of combustion of organic compounds.

References

External links 

 Об упругости пара растворов [“On the Vapor Pressure of Solutions”] (1884)

Physical chemists
1856 births
1929 deaths
Chemists from the Russian Empire
Kamerlingh Onnes Prize. The Heike Kamerlingh Onnes Prize was established in 2000, under the sponsorship of Elsevier, by the organizers of the International Conference on the Materials and Mechanisms of Superconductivity (M2S). The prize is named in honor of Heike Kamerlingh Onnes, who discovered superconductivity in 1911. At each conference, the prize, which consists of 7500 € and a certificate, is presented to one or more physicists. If there are two or more recipients they share the money. The prize "recognizes outstanding experiments which illuminate the nature of superconductivity other than materials". The winners are selected by the members of the Kamerlingh Onnes Prize Committee, appointed by the conference organizers.

The prize was first awarded in 2000 at the 6th International Conference on Materials and Mechanisms of Superconductivity and High Temperature Superconductors:

The prize is "one of the leading awards for experimental research in superconductivity."

Recipients
The following are recipients:

See also
 List of physics awards

References

Physics awards
Dutch science and technology awards
2000 establishments in the Netherlands
Awards established in 2000
Tammy Ma. Tammy Ma is an American plasma physicist who works on inertial confinement fusion at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

Education and career
Ma studied aerospace engineering at the California Institute of Technology, graduating in 2005. She went to the University of California, San Diego for graduate study, earning a master's degree in 2008 and completing her Ph.D. in 2010.

After postdoctoral research at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, she joined the laboratory as a staff scientist in 2012.

Recognition
Ma was a recipient of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers, in 2013. She was the 2016 winner of the Thomas H. Stix Award for Outstanding Early Career Contributions to Plasma Physics Research of the American Physical Society (APS), "for innovation and leadership in quantifying hydrodynamic instability mix in inertial confinement fusion implosions at the National Ignition Facility and for key contributions to experiments demonstrating fusion fuel gains exceeding unity". In 2021, she won the Excellence in Fusion Engineering Award of the Fusion Power Associates, and was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society, after a nomination from the APS Division of Plasma Physics, "for outstanding scientific contributions and leadership in the field of intense laser-matter interactions and inertial fusion energy science".

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American plasma physicists
American women physicists
California Institute of Technology alumni
University of California, San Diego alumni
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory staff
Fellows of the American Physical Society
21st-century American physicists
21st-century American women scientists
Recipients of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers