omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
2024 US air base drone incursions in the United Kingdom. Between 20 and 26 November 2024, a series of unauthorized drone activities was reported over and near four US Air Force bases in the United Kingdom: RAF Lakenheath, RAF Mildenhall, RAF Feltwell, and RAF Fairford. These installations, located in Suffolk, Norfolk, and Gloucestershire, are critical to US military operations in Europe. The drone activity persisted for several days, raising concerns about the coordination and intent behind the incursions.

Incidents 
During the incursions, multiple small unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) were observed entering restricted airspace. The drones varied in both number and type.

The incursions prompted joint monitoring and countermeasures by US and UK military personnel. British troops were deployed to assist in tracking and identifying the drone operators, using counter-drone systems such as ORCUS. The incursions also led to disruptions in flight operations, with F-15E Strike Eagles scrambled from RAF Lakenheath to investigate.

Authorities encountered difficulties in identifying the drone operators, raising concerns about potential espionage or hostile surveillance. The incursions heightened worries about the security of critical military infrastructure. Investigations are ongoing, and both the operators and their intentions remain unknown.

According to The New York Times, military analysts have concluded that the reported drones may have been on  surveillance mission for a state actor.

Air bases affected 
All four bases are considered highly strategic and sensitive. RAF Mildenhall supports refuelling and special operations, while RAF Feltwell provides logistical support for US forces.

RAF Lakenheath hosts the US Air Force's 48th Fighter Wing, operating F-15E Strike Eagles and F-35A Lightning II aircraft. RAF Lakenheath is also slated to house American nuclear weapons, adding to the sensitivity of the incursions.

RAF Fairford hosts a Lockheed U-2S Dragon Lady detachment from the 99th Reconnaissance Squadron and is the US Air Force’s only European airfield for heavy bombers. It routinely supports Bomber Task Force (BTF) operations.

See also 
 2024 New Jersey drone sightings
 Rendlesham Forest incident
 List of unmanned aerial vehicle-related incidents

References 

2024 in aviation
2024 in military history
2024 in England
2020s in Gloucestershire
2020s in Norfolk
2020s in Suffolk
21st-century history of the United States Air Force
November 2024 in the United Kingdom
Aviation history of England
Military history of Gloucestershire
Military history of Norfolk
Military history of Suffolk
Unmanned aerial vehicles
United Kingdom–United States military relations
Paul Rappaport. Paul Rappaport was an American physicist and a solar energy expert.

Career 
Paul Rappaport joined RCA Corporation in 1949. He was originally researching transistors and integrated circuits. Since 1953, he contributed most of his time on energy conversion and solar photo cells. He left RCA Corporation in 1977.

He is also the founding director of the Solar Energy Research Institute in Golden, Colorado.

IEEE Paul Rappaport Award 
To commemorate Dr. Rappaport's contributions, the IEEE Paul Rappaport Award was established in 1984. One paper is selected from IEEE Electron Devices Society each year.

Death 
He died in 1980 after combating a long illness.

Patents 

 CA656618A   Nuclear battery
 US3263085A Radiation powered semiconductor devices (invented with Jr Edward Pasierb)
 US3187193A Multi-junction negative resistance semiconducting devices (invented with Jr Edward Pasierb)
 US2975286A Radiation detection (invented with Joseph J. Loferski)
 CA543100A   Secondary electron emitter
 US2819414A Radioactive battery employing stacked semi-conducting devices (invented with Ralph L. Sherwood)
 AU197954A   Self-powered semiconductive devices
 AU208117B2 Self-powered semiconductive devices
 US2998550A Apparatus for powering a plurality of semi-conducting units from a single radioactive battery (invented with Warren T Collins)
 US2713644A Self-powered semiconductor devices
 DE1036413B Primary voltage source with which nuclear radiation energy is converted into electrical energy
 CH330645A   Primary element for generating a direct voltage
 AU123554A   Means for converting the energy of nuclear emissions into useful electrical energy
 AU202741B2 Means for converting the energy of nuclear emissions into useful electrical energy
 US2976433A Radioactive battery employing semiconductors (invented with Joseph J. Loferski)
 US2745973A Radioactive battery employing intrinsic semiconductor
 US2976426A Self-powered semiconductive device
 US3094634A Radioactive batteries
 DE1012698B Process for the production of secondary emission cathodes with a magnesium oxide surface
 US2684990A Battery design for guided missiles
 US2768313A Controllable radioactive voltage charging devices

References 

American scientists
1922 births
1980 deaths
Paul Rappaport Award. The Paul Rappaport Award was established in 1984 to commemorate the achievement of the late American physicist Paul Rappaport. The best paper appearing in a fast turn around archival publication of the IEEE Electron Devices Society is given the award annually. The recipients are awarded a certificate and $2,500, presented at the IEEE EDS International Electron Devices Meeting.

Recipients 
The past recipients are:

See also 
Paul Rappaport

References 

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Washington Hood. Washington Hood (February 2, 1808 – July 17, 1840) was an American surveyor with the U.S. Army Corps of Topographical Engineers. A 1827 West Point graduate, he worked with fellow officer Robert E. Lee to determine the boundary line between the state of Ohio and Michigan Territory in 1835.

Biography 
Hood was born on February 2, 1808, in Philadelphia. He was the eldest of twelve children born to Eliza Forebaugh and John McClellan Hood, an Irish immigrant and wholesale grocery and wine merchant. John Hood constructed Hood Mansion, a country estate in Limerick, Pennsylvania, in 1834. The site of a family mausoleum where Hood and his parents are interred, the estate has been abandoned since 2008. 

A 1827 graduate of the United States Military Academy, Hood worked as a surveyor and topographical engineer. He is best known for working with fellow officer Robert E. Lee to map the border between the state of Ohio and Michigan Territory in 1835, when he earned a promotion to first lieutenant. He resigned in 1836 to work as a private-sector civil engineer in Cuba before rejoining the Army Corps of Topographical Engineers as a captain. He mapped the Oregon Territory in 1838 but reproduced errors found in earlier maps.  

In 1839, President Martin Van Buren dispatched an expedition led by Hood to survey parts of Indian Territory bordering the states of Missouri and Arkansas (present-day northeastern Oklahoma). Hood contracted a disease, probably yellow fever, while on the expedition. He died in Bedford Springs, Pennsylvania, on July 17, 1840, at the age of 32. 

Hood's journals, letters, drawings, maps, architectural plans, and other papers are held in the collections of the Winterthur Library and the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University.

References

External links
 Washington Hood drawings in the collection of the Winterthur Library

1808 births
1840 deaths
19th-century American explorers
American surveyors
American topographers
Engineers from Philadelphia
Military personnel from Philadelphia
United States Army Corps of Topographical Engineers
United States Army officers
United States Military Academy alumni
Clean room (disambiguation). A cleanroom is an engineered space that maintains a very low concentration of airborne particulates.

Cleanroom or clean room may also re also refer to:

 "The Clean Room", a TV series episode
 Cleanroom suit, overall garment worn in a cleanroom
 Cleanroom mat, mat with an adhesive surface that is placed at the entrances or exits
 Clean-room design, the method of copying a design by reverse engineering and then recreating it without infringing any of the copyrights associated with the original design
 Cleanroom suitability, standards for operating in a cleanroom
 Cleanroom software engineering, software development process intended to produce software with a certifiable level of reliability
 Data clean room, a secure service to help exchange first-party data among organizations

See also
Enas Al-Ghoul. Enas Al-Ghoul () is a Palestinian agricultural engineer specializing in rural development and environmental initiatives in the Gaza Strip. Her work includes creating projects focused on recycling waste materials and developing solar-powered devices to address water and energy challenges during humanitarian crises.

Career 
In 2020, Al-Ghoul started a project called "Ibra wa Sinara" ("Needle and Thread"), focusing on recycling waste materials such as fabric, leather, wood, and metal. The project employed five women, including two with hearing disabilities. It produced items such as clothing, bags, and furniture. This initiative was based on her research, which highlighted textile and leather waste as the most prevalent types of waste in the Gaza Strip. She promoted environmental awareness and recycling through community workshops and training sessions.

In 2023, she expanded her recycling efforts by introducing additional training programs and community meetings aimed at women in rural areas. The workshops taught participants about recycling techniques and the associated environmental benefits. She faced logistical challenges, such as limited electricity availability in Gaza, which restricted her operations to the hours when power was accessible.

Following the conflict in Gaza in October 2023, Al-Ghoul developed a solar-powered desalination device using simple materials such as wood, glass, and tarpaulin. The device was designed to convert seawater into drinkable water, addressing the scarcity of clean water caused by the destruction of infrastructure in Khan Yunis. She also created a solar-powered cooker and continued to produce items from recycled materials to support displaced individuals. In December 2024, she was listed on the BBC 100 Women.

References 

Living people
Date of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
21st-century Palestinian women
21st-century Palestinian people
21st-century women engineers
Agricultural engineers
Palestinian engineers
Ecojet (disambiguation). Ecojet is a proposed British regional airline.

Ecojet or EcoJet may also refer to:

EcoJet (airline), a Bolivian domestic airline.
Frigate Ecojet, a Russian program for the development of a new wide-body medium-haul civil aircraft.
EcoJet concept car, a concept car produced by General Motors.
EcoJet, a low emissions version of the Multijet engine introduced in the 2016 facelift of the third generation Fiat Fiorino.
Asad M. Madni. Asad M. Madni is an adjunct professor of electrical and computer engineering at UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science. He was bestowed the IEEE Medal of Honor in 2022, and the John Fritz Medal in 2024.

References

External links
 
 

IEEE Medal of Honor recipients
John Fritz Medal recipients
Year of birth missing (living people)
Electrical engineering academics
Living people
Adolf Bleichert. Adolf Bleichert (born 31 May 1845 in Dessau, Anhalt-Dessau; † 29 July 1901 in Davos, Switzerland) was a German engineer and entrepreneur, pioneer of cable transport construction and founder of Adolf Bleichert & Co., factory for aerial tramways, Leipzig-Gohlis, which later became the world's largest cable car factory.

Life 
Adolf Bleichert was born as the second child of the Gohlis miller August Bleichert and his wife Wilhelmine Henriette and grew up in Gohlis, today a neighbourhood of Leipzig. He studied at the Royal Industrial Institute in Berlin, a forerunner of the Technical University of Berlin. After initial jobs at a company specialising in mill construction in Bitterfeld and a machine factory and iron foundry in Schkeuditz, he founded the engineering office for cable cars together with his college friend Theodor Otto, whose first success was the construction of a material ropeway in Teutschenthal. Soon after, they built a material cable car for the Sayner Hütte of the Krupp company. Otto separated from Bleichert in 1876 and worked with the Siegen cable car pioneer Julius Pohlig, who designed cable cars for use in transporting coal and ore in mines.

Bleichert then founded Adolf Bleichert & Co., Fabrik für Drahtseilbahnen, Leipzig-Gohlis, with his brother-in-law, the businessman Peter Heinrich Piel, with which he developed the basis for the construction of aerial lifts and successfully put them into practice. By 1890, the company had built well over 600 cable cars.

Adolf Bleichert died at the age of 56 of tuberculosis during a spa stay in Davos. He was buried in the Leipzig-Gohlis cemetery. His company was successfully continued by his sons Max and Paul, who were raised to the hereditary nobility in 1918.

Adolf Bleichert joined the Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (Association of German Engineers, VDI) and the Thuringian district association of the VDI in 1869. He later joined the Saxon district association of the VDI.

Memorial 

The sculptor Friedrich Walter Kunze created the Adolf Bleichert memorial, which was unveiled in 1908 on the factory premises in Leipzig-Gohlis. It was removed under  communist rule on May 1, 1950.

See also 
 Bleichert
 Budde-Haus

Bibliography 
 
 G. Dieterich: Die Erfindung der Drahtseilbahnen. Verlag Hermann Zieger, Leipzig, 1908 (Digitalisat)
 Manfred Hötzel, Stefan W. Krieg (Hrsg.): Adolf Bleichert und sein Werk. Gohliser Historische Hefte, Sax Verlag Beucha, Leipzig 2002, ISBN 978-3-934544-35-2.
 
 P. Stephan: Die Drahtseilbahnen. 2. Aufl., Verlag von Julius Springer, Berlin, 1914 (Digitalisat)

External links 

 Peter von Bleichert, Adolf Bleichert's Wire Ropeways in Wire Rope News & Sling Technology, June 2005

Notes 

Bleichert
Bleichert
Bleichert
Bleichert
Bleichert
Bleichert
Bleichert
List of robotics companies. A robotics company produces or manufactures and sells robots for domestic or industrial use. In the 21st century, investment in robotics companies has grown due to increasing demand for automation.

These firms specialize in a wide range of applications, from autonomous drones to robots tailored for factory work or warehousing and logistics. Robotics companies may also produce cobots which interact with and collaborate with humans.

Notable examples

See also
Robotics

Robotics (disambiguation)

Glossary of robotics

References

External Links

Robotics companies
Robotics
Companies
Theodore Cooke. Theodore Cooke, CIE, (born Tramore, County Waterford, January 6, 1836; died Richmond, London, November 5, 1910) was an Anglo-Irish engineer, educator, and botanist active in India. He is known for his leadership of the College of Engineering, Pune from 1865 to 1893 and his multi-volume Flora of the Presidency of Bombay (1901–1908).

Career
Cooke was the son of Rev. John Cooke, Rector of Ardfinnan, County Tipperary and was educated at Trinity College Dublin, graduating in 1859 in arts and engineering. He went to India in 1860 as an engineer for the Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway. He erected the Vasai Creek Railway Bridge, completed in 1864. In 1865 he was made the director of the Civil Engineering College, later the College of Science, at Poona, where he remained for 28 years. During that time the college added programs in licenced and civil engineering, forestry, and agriculture and became affiliated with the University of Bombay. In 1893 he left India for England.

He was made a member of the Order of the Indian Empire in 1891 for his administrative work.

Botany
Cooke had always taken an interest in botany during his time in India and in 1891 he was placed in charge of the western division of the Botanical Survey of India. While in that position he began to plan a "Flora of the Presidency of Bombay", but difficulties prevented its production at that time. After Cooke left India and settled in England, he was appointed to a position at the Imperial Institute which occupied his time. However, eventually he settled at Kew near the botanical gardens and began the project, which was published in sections from 1901 to 1908, ultimately collected into two volumes. This flora proved so useful for Indian botany that after independence it was reprinted by the reconstituted Botanical Survey of India in 1958 and again in 1967.

Family
Cooke married Ellen Arabella Curtis in 1867; they had two children, John Vernon Cooke (b. 1869) and May Alfreda Cooke (1870–1935).

References

1836 births
1910 deaths
People from Tramore
Engineers from County Waterford
Scientists from County Waterford
Botanists active in India
United States critical materials list. The United States critical materials list is a designation of materials or minerals considered essential for the economic or national security of the United States, where there is a high risk of supply chain disruption. This list is established under the authority of the Energy Act of 2020, specifically Section 7002(a), which empowers the Secretary of Energy, in collaboration with the Secretary of the Interior, to identify critical materials.

In the U.S., critical minerals that are at risk of shortage or supply chain disruption are assessed by the United States Geological Survey and by the National Science and Technology Council.

2023 Final Critical Materials List 
The "Final 2023 Critical Materials List" was determined by the United States Department of Energy (DOE), with the Undersecretary for Science and Innovation involvement. This list incorporates materials deemed critical for energy applications and minerals from the 2022 final list designated by the Department of the Interior through the United States Geological Survey (USGS).

Critical Materials for Energy ("The Electric Eighteen") 
The following materials were identified as critical for energy technology:

Critical Minerals 
The 2022 list from the Department of the Interior includes the following minerals:

Basis for listing 
This designation is based on the DOE's 2023 Critical Materials Assessment, which evaluates materials for their criticality to global clean energy technology supply chains. Materials are considered "critical" or "near critical" based on their importance in energy technologies and potential supply risks. Notably, uranium is excluded from this list as per Section 7002(a) of the Energy Act of 2020, which restricts the list to non-fuel materials, as uranium is classified as a fuel material when used in commercial nuclear reactors.

See also 
 Critical raw materials
 Energy policy of the United States
 U.S. Department of Energy

References

External links 
 U.S. Department of Energy. (2023). "2023 DOE Critical Materials Assessment." Critical Materials Assessment
 U.S. Geological Survey. (2022). "2022 Final List of Critical Minerals." 2022 Final List of Critical Minerals

Minerals
Rare earth elements
Energy policy of the United States
Rosanna Yuen-Yan Chan. Rosanna Yuen-Yan Chan () is a Chinese computer scientist and engineering educator known for her research on educational technology, especially for students with special needs. More broadly, her research has concerned human–computer interaction in online social networks. She is an adjunct associate professor of information engineering at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.

Education and career
Chan is originally from Hong Kong. She was a student of information engineering at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, receiving a bachelor's degree in 1998, master's degree in 2000, and Ph.D. in 2006. She also has a master's degree in educational psychology from the university, received in 2009.

She became an assistant professor of information engineering at the Chinese University of Hong Kong from 2006 to 2007, and was a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Hong Kong from 2008 to 2011 before returning to the Chinese University of Hong Kong in her present position as adjunct associate professor.

She is the founding chair of the Hong Kong Chapter of the IEEE Education Society.

Recognition
Chan was the 2021 recipient of the IEEE William E. Sayle II Award for Achievement in Education, given "for contributions to the field of learning technologies for special education needs". She became a distinguished lecturer of the IEEE Education Society for 2024–2025, and was named to the 2025 class of IEEE Fellows, "for contributions to learning technologies for special education needs and social inclusion."

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Chinese computer scientists
Chinese women computer scientists
Engineering educators
Alumni of the Chinese University of Hong Kong
Academic staff of the Chinese University of Hong Kong
Fellows of the IEEE
Mineraloelraffinerie Oberrhein. The MiRO Mineraloelraffinerie Oberrhein GmbH & Co. KG (MiRO) is the largest oil refinery of Germany located at the Upper Rhine in Karlsruhe.

History
In 1962, the Esso-Raffinerie by Esso came into operation, followed by the DEA-Scholven GmbH oil refinery company in 1993. DEA-Scholven GmbH was later renamed Oberrheinische Mineralölwerke GmbH in 1969. Both refineries were located directly side by side in the Karlsruhe district Knielingen, only separated by the Alb river, which caused heavy competition. To be able to compete with refineries in other regions, these two refineries merged on October 1, 1996, into a single refinery company which was named MiRO Mineraloelraffinerie Oberrhein.

In response to the escalation of the Russo-Ukrainian War, the then German government Scholz cabinet placed the company Rosneft, which owns 25 percent of the MiRO, under trust of the Federal Network Agency on September 16, 2022.

Production
Almost 99 percent of the petroleum the refinery processes in its production comes from the Transalpine Pipeline, which ends in Karlsruhe. The remaining one percent are delivered by trucks from smaller oil extraction sites located in the Palatinate region. The South European Pipeline, which ends in Karlsruhe too, is also connected to the MiRO refinery, but not in use anymore. That dependence from a single pipeline caused multiple outages in the past, like in December 2020, when cold weather conditions caused a failure of the pumps.

According to the companies own statements, around 15 million tons of petroleum are processed, resulting in production of one-third of the German gasoline consumption and one-eight of the German diesel consumption.

References

External links

Oil companies of Germany
Oil refineries in Germany
Companies based in Karlsruhe
Knielingen