omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
2023-2024 Ecuador electricity crisis. The 2023-2024 Ecuador electricity crisis was caused by a severe drought that depleted water levels at hydroelectric plants and a lack of capacity buildup. Ecuador experienced rolling blackouts for up to 14 hours per day in the fall crisis (started on 23 September 2024) of 2024. Researches describe fall 2023 (27 October–18 December 2023) and spring 2024 (16–30 April 2024) crises as separate events. The President of Ecuador Daniel Noboa had announced on 10 December, 2024 that the outages will end on December 20.

Background
No new electric capacity had been added to the Ecuador power grid since Coca Codo Sinclair station started operation in 2016, while the demand by 2024 had increased by 24%, or about 400 megawatt (MW). The fossil fuel plants were neglected with just 880MW operational out of 2 gigawatts (GW) installed capacity. The low-cost electricity (at 10 US cents per kWh, with discounts for the industry) limited the private investment.

The 2023–2024 El Niño event might have further exacerbated the drought. The drought is considered to be the worst in 60 years, especially in the south of the country. When the power operator of Ecuador warned about the severe drought in January 2024, no actions were taken until April, when blackouts of up to 8 hours a day were implemented.

The (summer) dry season in 2024 arrived two months earlier than usual in Ecuador.

According to Miguel Calahorrano, an ex-minister of electricity and renewable energy, 400 MW of new capacity are needed annually to meet the demand, existing thermal plants need to fixed (in the fall only Trinitaria (125 MW), Machala Gas (125 MW), G. Zevallos (146 MW) and Jaramijó (140 MW) were operating at high power until October 15, 2024), and thermal power should be used to delay the day the reservoirs are tapped for generation. As quick fixes, he suggested improving relationship with Colombia, so that Ecuador can import electricity from there (and from Venezuela through Colombia).

Events
On 24 September 2024, three power stations known as Paute Integral (Paute Dam, Mazar Dam, and Sopladora) ceased operations since the water levels were approaching critical marks. Power cuts up to 12 hours a day were implemented.

Effects
Due to extensive use of diesel generators burning high-sulphur fuel, the air quality in Quito significantly deteriorated. At the peak of the spring 2024 crisis (with 8 hour blackouts per day), 
 carbon monoxide quantities almost doubled;
 nitrogen dioxide levels went up almost 40%;
 sulfur dioxide content had risen by 180%, above the World Health Organization (WHO) norms;
 particulate matter (PM2.5) increased by 20% (this had been added by more traffic pollution due to inoperable traffic lights). 

Three  were fired during the crisis, with Andrea Arrobo accused of sabotage.

By late fall of 2024, the economic losses were estimated at 2 billion US dollars.

See also 
 2009 Ecuador electricity crisis

References

Sources
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Electricity Crisis
Electricity Crisis
Electric power in Ecuador
Ecuador
International Federation of Engineering Education Societies. The International Federation of Engineering Education Societies (IFEES) is a global network of engineering educators and allies. The missions of the federation are to enhance the effectiveness of member organizations and to contribute to the improvement of engineering education around the world. By identifying, sharing, and promoting effective engineering education processes, the federation contributes to efforts to assure a global supply of well-prepared engineering graduates.

History 
The origins of the federation may be traced to an early conversation in 2005 at the Global Colloquium on Engineering Education in Australia. On October 9, 2006, representatives from 29 organizations and three industrial affiliates based in 18 countries formerly established IFEES during the American Society for Engineering Education's Global Conference in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

In 2016, to mark its tenth anniversary, the federation published a report outlining the history, current status, and future plans. In 2016, representatives from 47 organizations and eight industrial affiliates reaffirmed their commitment to the shared mission.

Initiatives 
The federation organizes the annual World Engineering Education Forum (WEEF) in partnership with the Global Engineering Deans Council (GEDC) and a local host university. And the federation partners with allies to design and conduct surveys and publish new scholarship on engineering education in a global context.

Recognition 
To recognize individuals who have made innovative and meritorious contributions with a significant impact on the advancement of engineering education, the IFEES selects an annual recipient of the Duncan Fraser Global Award for Excellence in Engineering Education. In 2015, the annual IFEES award became the IFEES Duncan Fraser Global Award for Excellence in Engineering Education. Fraser, who died on July 19, 2014, would have been IFEES’ 5th president.

Past winners, include:
<li>2024, Daniel B. Oerther, Missouri University of Science and Technology, USA 
<li>2023, Uriel Cukierman, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, Argentina
<li>2022, Pritpal Singh, Villanova University, USA
<li>2021, William Oakes, Purdue University, USA
<li>2020, Sheryl Sorby, University of Cincinnati, USA
<li>2018, Khairiyah Mohd Yusof, University of Technology Malaysia, Malaysia
<li>2016, Maria Larrondo Petrie, Florida Atlantic University, USA
<li>2015, Stephen Lu, University of Southern California, USA
<li>2014, Luiz Scavrda do Carmo, Pontifical Catholic University, Brazil
<li>2013, Anette Kolmos, Aalborg University, Denmark
<li>2012, Bopaya Bindanda, University of Pittsburgh, USA
<li>2011, Jack Lohmann, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
<li>2010, Richard M. Felder, North Carolina State University, USA

References

External links
 Official site

Engineering organizations
Professional associations based in the United States
Organizations established in 2006
Microplastic remediation. Microplastic remediation refers to environmental remediation techniques focused on the removal, treatment and containment of microplastics (small plastic particles) from environmental media such as soil, water, or sediment.

Microplastics can be removed using physical, chemical, or biological techniques.

Remediation of microplastics in air 

Microplastic is a type of airborne particulates and is found to prevail in air.

Remediation of microplastics in water 
Microplastics can be removed from water by filtration or absorption. Absorption devices include sponges made of cotton and squid bones.

Biochar filtration has been used in wastewater treatment plants.

Efforts to physically remove microplastics from the Great Pacific Garbage Patch have used nets and collection bags.

Remediaton of microplastics in soil 
Microplastics are commonly found in soil. Techniques are under development to achieve reductions in soil microplastics via photodegradation, chemical extraction, or bioremediation.

See also 

 Environmental remediation
 Microplastics and human health
 Plastic pollution

References 

Plastics and the environment
Pollution control technologies
Cleaning and the environment
List of longest suspension bridge spans of main span between 500 to 1000 meters. 

Completed suspension bridges 
This list includes only completed suspension bridges that carry automobiles or trains that are between  to  long in main span. It does not include cable-stayed bridges, footbridges, or pipeline bridges.

Bridges under construction

Notes

References 

 Note: Some of the information posted on the following sites may differ from that above. As of 21 February 2006, the sites were out of date or inaccurate as noted in parentheses

 Denenberg, David, Bridgemeister.com (an extensive inventory of more than 8,400 suspension bridges)
 Janberg, Nicolas, Suspension bridges, Structurae.de (an extensive database of structures including many suspension bridges)
 Durkee, Jackson, "World's Longest Bridge Spans", National Steel Bridge Alliance, 24 May 1999 (out of date)
 The World's Greatest Bridges, Archive.org copy of The Bridge over the Strait of Messina website (out of date and other errors)
 List of longest spans, Pub Quiz Help (includes bridges that have not yet been completed)
 Steel bridges in the world, and other bridge statistics, The Swedish Institute of Steel Construction, March 2003 (out of date)
 Virola, Eur Ing Juhani, Two Millennia - Two Long-Span Suspension Bridges, Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering, ATSE Focus No 124, November/December 2002 (revised information up to date as of 2005)
 Virola, Eur Ing Juhani, World's Longest Bridge Spans  Laboratory of Bridge Engineering (LBE), Helsinki University of Technology (includes bridges that have not yet been completed)

Further reading 

 —includes a list of major suspension bridges by length

External links 

  Progress of Center Span on Long-Span Bridges  at the Honshū—Shikoku Bridge Expressway Co.

Suspension_bridges
Kinneret Keren. Kinneret Keren (; born 1972) is an Israeli biophysicist and nanotechnologist whose research has involved the biology-based self-assembly of molecular electronics using DNA as a template, as well as the movement of biological cells, pattern formation, and morphogenesis in biology and synthetic biology. She is a faculty member in the Department of Physics at the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology.

Education and career
Keren was born in 1972 in Jerusalem. She studied mathematics and physics at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, graduating summa cum laude in 1996. After a 1998 master's degree in physics from the Weizmann Institute of Science, working with Ady Stern on quantum dots, she went to the Technion for continued study and received her Ph.D. there in 2003. Her doctoral dissertation, Self-Assembly of Molecular-Scale Electronics by Genetic Recombination, was jointly supervised by Erez Braun and Uri Sivan.

She was a postdoctoral researcher in biochemistry at Stanford University, working with cell biologist Julie Theriot, from 2003 to 2008, before returning to the Technion in 2008 as an assistant professor.

Recognition
Keren was a 2010 recipient of the Krill Prize of the Wolf Foundation, and a 2011 recipient of the EBSA Young Investigators’ Medal and Prize of the European Biophysical Societies' Association.

She was named as a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS) in 2024, after a nomination from the APS Division of Biological Physics, "for pioneering biophysical studies of mechanobiology, leading to new insights in our understanding of cell motility and morphogenesis and revealing the crucial roles of mechanical forces, membrane tension, and dynamics of actomyosin cytoskeleton in cellular movement".

References

External links

1972 births
Living people
Biophysicists
Women biophysicists
Israeli physicists
Israeli women physicists
Israeli nanotechnologists
Hebrew University of Jerusalem alumni
Weizmann Institute of Science alumni
Technion – Israel Institute of Technology alumni
Academic staff of Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Saptarshi Prakash. Saptarshi Prakash is an Indian engineer, Product Designer and Content Creator. Commonly known as Sapta, he is the Assistant Vice President of Design at Swiggy. Based in Bangalore.

Early life and career
Saptarshi Prakash was born on 28 July 1989 in Dibrugarh, Assam, India. He completed his graduation from IIT Madras on 2014. And he started his Designer Career from Housing.com as Product Designer on 2015.

References

External links 
 

Product designers
Living people
1989 births
IIT Madras alumni
Zero power factor curve. The zero power factor curve (also zero power factor characteristic, ZPF, ZPFC) of a synchronous generator is a plot of the output voltage as a function of the excitation current or field using a zero power factor (purely inductive) load that corresponds to rated voltage at rated current (1 p.u.). The curve is typically plotted alongside the open-circuit characteristic.

Obtained by measuring the terminal voltage when the current has a zero power factor current using a pure inductive load that could be regulated to compensate the reactive power of the generator EMF.

The curve is obtained by rotating the generator at the rated RPM with the output terminals connected to the unity load, varying the excitation field and recording the output voltage.

The ZPFC could be used together with the open-circuit saturation curve in Potier Triangle method.

The zero power characteristic is similar to the  open-circuit characteristic but shifted down by .

References 

Electrical generators
Karen Livescu. Karen Livescu is an American computer scientist specializing in speech processing and natural language processing, and applications of deep learning to these topics. She is a professor in the Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago and a part-time associate professor of computer science at the University of Chicago.

Education and career
Livescu majored in physics at Princeton University, graduating in 1996 with an honors thesis on signal processing in speech supervised by computer scientist Kenneth Steiglitz. After visiting the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, she received a master's degree in 1999 and a Ph.D. in 2005 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Her doctoral dissertation, Feature-Based Pronunciation Modeling for Automatic Speech Recognition, was supervised by James Glass.

She became a Clare Boothe Luce Postdoctoral Lecturer at MIT, and then a research assistant professor at the Toyota Technological Institute, before becoming a regular-rank assistant professor at the Toyota Technological Institute in 2008. In 2009 she added a part-time faculty position in the Computer Science Department at the University of Chicago. She was promoted to associate professor at both the Toyota Technological Institute and the University of Chicago in 2017, and to full professor at the Toyota Technological Institute in 2021.

Recognition
Livescu was named a Fellow of the International Speech Communication Association in 2021, "for contributions to articulatory modeling, to speech representation learning, and to bridging the gaps between speech research, machine learning and natural language processing". She was named to the 2025 class of IEEE Fellows "for contributions to multi-view and pre-trained speech representation learning".

References

External links
Home page

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American computer scientists
American women computer scientists
Speech processing researchers
Natural language processing researchers
Princeton University alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago faculty
University of Chicago faculty
Fellows of the IEEE
Fangda Steel. Fangda Group Co., Ltd.（）It is a chinese Shenzhen Stock Exchange listed company established on December 13, 1995. Its business scope includes: production and operation of new building materials, composite materials, metal products, metal structures, environmental protection equipment and instruments, public safety and prevention equipment, metallurgical equipment, optomechanical and electrical integration products, polymer engineering and products, fine chemical products, mechanical equipment, optoelectronic materials and instruments, optoelectronic equipment, electronic display equipment, audio-visual equipment, transportation facilities, various HVAC equipment and products, water supply and drainage equipment, central air-conditioning equipment and its spare parts, semiconductor materials and devices, integrated circuits, light source products and equipment, solar energy products and the design, technical development, installation, construction, related technical consultation and training of the above products, property management, property leasing, and parking lot operation. The company's total share capital is 756.9099 million shares (2011).

The company is headquartered in Fangdacheng Science and Technology Building, Longjing, Xili, Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, in the People's Republic of China. The legal representative is Xiong Jianming, a representative of the National People's Congress.

References

External links 

  (Page archive backup, stored at)

Steel companies of China
Government-owned companies of China
Companies listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange
Hugo Thienpont. Hugo Thienpont (born 20 August 1961) is a Belgian engineer.

Thienpont was born on 20 August 1961 in Gooik. He became interested in engineering after watching science fiction media Star Trek, Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea and UFO, and decided to pursue the subject in depth at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel, despite the initial misgivings of his father Marcel. Thienpont earned his bachelor's degree in 1984, completed his doctorate in 1990, then joined the faculty in 1994. He was vice-rector of VUB from 2018 to 2024. Thienpont is the founding editor in chief of Journal of Physics: Photonics.

Thienpont received the SPIE President's Award in 2005, and was elected a fellow of SPIE in 2006. Between 2009 and 2011, Thienpont served as on SPIE's board of directors. In 2021, Thienpont was awarded the SPIE Gold Medal.

References

1961 births
Living people
People from Flemish Brabant
20th-century Belgian engineers
21st-century Belgian engineers
Fellows of SPIE
Academic staff of Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Vrije Universiteit Brussel alumni
FMA IA 54 Carancho. The FMA IA 54 Carancho, also known as the Andean Condor, was a prototype 2-seater glider designed in 1963 by Ricardo Emilio Olmedo and manufactured by Argentinian company Instituto Aerotécnico. The purpose of the glider was to test Dr. Reimar Horten's previous work exploring laminar-flow airfoils, and only one prototype was ever built. The IA 54 was also made entirely out of wood.

Specifications 
Wing area: 29 m2

Maximum weight: 548 kg

Maximum speed: 240 km/h

References 

IA54
Aircraft first flown in 1965
Glider aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft with skid landing gear
1960s Argentine sailplanes
Venkat Venkatasubramanian. Venkat Venkatasubramanian is the Samuel Ruben-Peter G. Viele Professor of Engineering in the Department of Chemical Engineering at Columbia University. He is also an affiliated professor in the departments of Computer Science and Industrial Engineering and Operations Research at Columbia University.

Academic career 
After completing his postdoctoral research with Geoffrey Hinton in the Department of Computer Science at Carnegie Mellon University in 1983–1984, Venkatasubramanian joined the faculty at Purdue University. Over his two-decade tenure at Purdue, he became the Reilly Professor of Chemical Engineering in 2011. He later joined Columbia University, where he directs the Complex Resilient Intelligent Systems Laboratory. He is also the founding co-director of the Center for the Management of Systemic Risk (CMSR), an interdisciplinary initiative involving faculty from multiple departments at Columbia.

In 2019, Venkatasubramanian was awarded the Ngee Ann Kongsi Distinguished Visiting Professorship at the National University of Singapore.

Research and teaching 
Venkatasubramanian specializes in complex dynamical systems, focusing on the mathematical modeling of structure, function, and behavior in various domains. His research interests span artificial intelligence (AI), systems engineering, theoretical physics, and economics, with a particular emphasis on understanding complexity and emergent behavior.

Books (selected)
 Advanced Knowledge Representation
 How much inequality is fair? Mathematical principles of a moral, optimal, and stable capitalist society. New York: Columbia University Press. (2019). ISBN 978-0231180726.
 Computer Aided Molecular Design: Theory and Practice. Elsevier Science, ISBN  978–0444545435

Awards and recognition
 2004-2005 Teaching for Tomorrow Fellowship Award at Purdue University.
The Computing in Chemical Engineering Award from the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) in 2009.  
Fellow recognition by American Institute of Chemical Engineers in 2011.
The Research Excellence Award from Purdue University's College of Engineering in 2011.
The inaugural Distinguished Alumni Award from Alagappa College of Technology in 2019.
The William H. Walker Award from AIChE in 2024 for his contributions to hybrid AI modeling frameworks.

References

External links 

Living people
University of Madras alumni
Vanderbilt University alumni
Cornell University alumni
Fellows of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers
Columbia University faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
Al Battaar. The Al-Battaar is a series of laser-guided bombs (LGBs) developed in Pakistan by Qaswa Industries (aka Air Weapons Complex). It is one of Pakistan's first locally developed Precision Guided Munitions (PGM).

Overview 
The Al-Battaar is specifically designed to give high precision and accuracy within a promised 10m CEP. While the kit is made up of several key components, they are classified into two main groups. The Computer Control Group (CCG) installed on the front of the GPB and the Airfoil Group attached to the rear end of the GPB. The Al-Battar being a laser guided weapon relies on an external source to illuminate the target to guide it. This laser illuminator could be a targeting pod on board the launch platform, another aircraft (including drones), or a hand held Laser designator from soldiers or vehicles.

The weapon can be launched at a maximum altitude of up to 25,000 ft carried as one or multiple munitions through pylons and bomb-racks. With an operational range of 14 km, the LGB has max carriage speed limit of Mach-1.4 and release speed limit of Mach-1.2. Other than that, they also have the ability to be delivered in low altitude as well as in level, dive, and loft bombing methods.

Variants 
 Al Battaar-500: 240 kg version fitted on a Mk 82 bomb.
 Al Battaar-2000: 900 kg version fitted on a Mk 84 bomb.

Operators 
 
  - Both variants used on several combat aircraft and UCAVs.
 
  - AB-500 used by NAF JF-17s.

Platforms 
 PAC JF-17 Thunder 
 J-10C Vigorous Dragon
 Dassault Mirage-V
 GIDS Shahpar III UCAV
 Baykar Bayraktar Akıncı

See also 
 Paveway
 JDAM

References 

GIDS products
Guided bombs
Post–Cold War weapons of Pakistan
Aerial bombs of Pakistan