omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Zhao Guofan. Zhao Guofan (29 December 1924 – 1 February 2017) was a Chinese civil structural engineer. He was an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

Biography
Zhao was born in Fengyang County, Shanxi, on 29 December 1924. He had two younger brothers. By age 13, the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out, his father was conscripted into military service. Zhao and her mother fled to different cities to take refuge. Finally, they settled in the suburb of Xi'an, Shaanxi. In 1945, he was admitted to Chiao Tung University, where he majored in the Department of Civil Engineering. After graduation, he entered the East China People's Revolutionary University ().

After graduating in 1949, he was recruited by the Qiqihar Railway Bureau and soon after moved to the Department of Water Conservancy, Lanzhou University. He was appointed assistant of Dalian University of Technology, in August 1950, becoming professor in 1954. During the Korean War, he was an engineer in the 810 National Defense Construction Committee. He joined the Jiusan Society in 1956. He was a visiting scholar at North Carolina State University from March 1981 to September 1981.

He died of illness in Dalian, Liaoning, on 1 February 2017, aged 92.

Works

Honours and awards
 1997 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)
 1998 State Science and Technology Progress Award (Third Class)

References

External links
Zhao Guofan on the official website of the Chinese Academy of Engineering 

1924 births
2017 deaths
People from Fenyang
Engineers from Shanxi
National Chiao Tung University (Shanghai) alumni
Dalian University of Technology alumni
Members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
Samarium(III) nitrate. Samarium(III) nitrate is an odorless, white-colored chemical compound with the formula Sm(NO3)3. It forms the hexahydrate, which decomposes at 50°C to the anhydrous form. When further heated to 420°C, it is converted to the oxynitrate, and at 680°C it decomposes to form samarium(III) oxide.

Synthesis
Samarium(III) nitrate is produced by the reaction of samarium hydroxide and nitric acid:

Uses
Samarium(III) nitrate is a lewis acid catalyst that is used to produce a nitrate precursor solution that is used as a nanocatalyst in the solid oxide regenerative fuel cells. The nanocatalyst is made by mixing samarium(III) nitrate hexahydrate, strontium nitrate, and cobalt(II) nitrate hexahydrate.

Samarium(III) nitrate is also used for the preparation of samarium doped ceria, which can be used in the fabrication of electrolytes for fuel cells. The samarium doped ceria is produced by mixing cerium(III) nitrate and samarium(III) nitrate together using triethylene glycol as a solvent for 5 hours at 200°C. Then it was dried for 4 hours at 110°C which resulted in a brown solid. Then it was heated up to 500°C for two hours which made the samarium doped ceria.

References

Nitrates
Acid catalysts
Samarium(III) compounds
Brazilian corvette Jaceguai. Jaceguai (V31)  was the second ship of the  of the Brazilian Navy.

Construction and career
The ship was built at Naval Arsenal Rio de Janeiro in Rio de Janeiro and was launched on 8 June 1987 and commissioned on 2 April 1991.

She was decommissioned on 18 September 2019.

During MISSILEX on 24 June 2021, an AM-39 Exocet anti-ship missile was launched from an AH-15B helicopter against the former Jaceguai's hull which later sank.

References

External links

Ships built in Brazil
Inhaúma-class corvettes
1987 ships
Toei 12-600 series. The  is an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by the Tokyo subway operator Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation (Toei) on the Toei Oedo Line in Tokyo, Japan. The first 12-600 series first entered service in 2012. A total of 22 eight-car sets were built from 2011 by Kawasaki and Nippon Sharyo.

Overview
The 12-600 series sets were delivered from fiscal 2011. Broadly based on the earlier 12-000 series design (sets 16 to 53), these sets included a number of design improvements. The latest batch of sets entered service on 15 February 2019 and use a different headlamp setup, with a dual headlamp-taillamp fixture; as opposed to shield-beam headlamps as used on the first eight sets, these use LED fixtures.

As of 2018, ten sets are in service and are all based at Kiba Depot.

Formation
The 12-600 sets are formed as shown below, with all cars motored.

 Each M1 car is fitted with a single-arm pantograph.
 Car 5 is designated as a mildly-air-conditioned car.

Interior

Build history
The 12-600 series fleet details are as shown below.

History
The first 12-600 series set (cars 12-611 to 12-618) was delivered from the Kawasaki factory in Hyōgo Prefecture in August 2011. It entered service on 23 February 2012. On 30 March 2015, Toei Subway announced it had ordered a second batch of 12-600 series trains. On these trains, the magenta stripe is located at the height of the windows so it can be seen above the platform edge doors installed at every station. LCD information displays are provided above the doors. The trains entered service on 6 April 2015, with six units to be delivered by June 2016, replacing older 12-000 series trains.

11 additional 12-600 series trainsets (88 cars) were ordered from Kawasaki Heavy Industries in 2016. The first of these trains entered service in 2018, with four additional trainsets entering service per year until 2021.

References

External links

 Nippon Sharyo 12-600 series information 

Electric multiple units of Japan
12-600
Train-related introductions in 2012
Kawasaki multiple units
Nippon Sharyo multiple units
1500 V DC multiple units of Japan
List of military aircraft of the United Kingdom. This is a list of all aircraft ever used by the United Kingdom. It consists of lists of what aircraft were in service for the UK at certain periods of time and by military force.

List of Army Air Corps aircraft
List of aircraft of the Army Air Corps (United Kingdom)

Aircraft of the Royal Flying Corps 

 List of aircraft of the Royal Flying Corps

Aircraft of the Royal Air Force 

 List of aircraft of the Royal Air Force

Aircraft of Royal Navy
List of naval aircraft of the United Kingdom
List of aircraft of the Royal Naval Air Service
List of aircraft of the Fleet Air Arm

World War II 

 List of aircraft of the United Kingdom in World War II

Modern day 

 List of active United Kingdom military aircraft

Gallery of  the progression of British fighters

References

Aircraft
Aircraft
Dresserite. Dresserite is a mineral of the dresserite group, named in honor of John Alexander Dresser, geologist. It was approved by the IMA in 1968, but only a year after was it published. The rare mineral can only be found in Francon quarry, Canada. The quarry is located in the middle of the city of Montréal, but had been closed in 1981 and will not reopen in the future.

Properties 
It is a member of the carbonates family, mostly consisting of oxygen (44.29%), barium (34.56%) and aluminum (13.58%), but otherwise contains carbon (6.05%) and hydrogen (1.52%). It is associated with weloganite, dawsonite, quartz, and plagioclase. It grows into tapering acicular crystals, elongated along [001] and bladed on {010}. It is typically in divergent spherical and hemispherical aggregates. It occurs in cavities in alkalic sill in limestone. Size is up to 5 mm. It is soluble in dilute hydrogen chloride, and dissolves readily with a effervescence. It is the barium analogue of dundasite. Dresserite does not show any kind of luminescence whatsoever. The measured density of the mineral, due to its fibrous nature, is too low. The differential thermal analysis (DTA) curve of the mineral is similar to dundasite's in appearance. The principal endothermic peak is at 384°C. When heated up to this degree, dresserite loses all of its water and carbon dioxide.

References

Orthorhombic minerals
Minerals
Ciel Dubai Marina. The Ciel Dubai Marina is a skyscraper under construction in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. With a structural height exceeding , it is intended to be the tallest hotel-only building in the world upon completion in 2025.

Architecture and Design 
The skyscraper is designed by NORR Group Vice President of Global Marketing Melanie Kurzuk. The sculptural design features tapers in both the upper and lower sections, a silver façade, and graceful recesses at the apex. Planned amenities include a restaurant, rooftop bar, and an infinity pool.

The building will include 1,042 rooms, comprising 150 suites, distributed across 82 floors. The foundation is constructed using approximately  of concrete and over  of steel.

Originally, the completion was scheduled for 2023, with plans for opening in 2024; however, it has since been projected to open in January 2025. The developer, First Group, has indicated that the opening could be in the first quarter of 2025.

Sustainability Features 
The Ciel Dubai Marina has integrated several sustainability initiatives within its design. The building will feature energy-efficient systems, rainwater harvesting capabilities, and green roofs to promote biodiversity and reduce urban heat. This focus on sustainability reflects Dubai's commitment to becoming a more eco-friendly city.

See also 
 List of tallest buildings in the United Arab Emirates
 List of tallest buildings in Dubai
 List of tallest hotels

References

External links
 Ciel Tower

Hotels in Dubai
Skyscraper hotels in Dubai
MEMATT. MEMATT is an unmanned, remote-controlled mine clearance vehicle developed by the Turkish defence company ASFAT.

Development 
The machine's design, prototyping, and production took 14 months before it was ready for service with the Turkish Armed Forces. The MEMATT is explosion resistant, moves quickly, is considered reliable, and has a lesser risk of loss of life during operation compared to previous technology. The MEMATT achieved over a 95% success rate in mine tests conducted in Turkey and passed all required tests in Azerbaijan.

Characteristics 
The MEMATT is covered with Armox 500T, the world's toughest guard plate is mine-resistant and can be remotely controlled from a distance of . The equipment can move at a speed of , descend to a depth of 25 centimetres and clear a 1-kilometer-long, 1.7-meter-wide area of mines within an hour. It has a wireless system that allows viewing of cameras and video recordings as well as displaying vehicle information and real-time HD image quality. It also possesses attachment sensors on board that automatically detect the digging depth in order to prevent damage to the attachment.

Users 
Users of the MEMATT system:

 
 : 20 operational.  used to remove mines in Karabakh region
: 2 units.
: 2 units

References

Mine warfare countermeasures
Sefine Shipyard. Sefine Shipyard () is located in Yalova Province, Turkey. It builds a wide variety of ships, including tugboats, fireboats, passenger/car ferries and well boats.

Overview
Sefine Shipyard, which is owned by the Sefine Denizcilik Tersanecilik Turizm A.Ş, a Koloğlu Holding company, was established in 2005. It is located close to the Osman Gazi Bridge in the Shipyards Area of Altınova district in Yalova Province, Turkey. Shipbuilding at the yard started in 2008 and the following year, the construction of a drydock began. Sefine Shipyard covers  and includes a nearly  covered workshop for steel sheet processing, a  shipway, a  dry dock, a  long quay and a  floating dock. The shipyard employs 370 personnel, including around 80 engineers. The workforce varies between 1,500 and over 2,000.

Production

Sefine Shipyard is capable of processing 40,000 tons of steel sheet annually. In the last ten years, 29 ships have been built at the shipyard, including tugboats, fireboats, salvage tugs for the Turkish Directorate General of Coastal Safety, an LPG carrier for Italy, car ferries for Estonia and Norway, a 18 MW icebreaker for Russia, and well-boats. Maintenance and repair services are done in dry and floating docks, mostly for domestic ships. Conversions of dry cargo ships to cement carriers is also carried out at the shipyard. In 2015, Sefine Shipyard delivered Turkey's first emergency response vessel, the ERV Nene Hatun to the Directorate General of Coastal Safety.

The shipyard also produces steel construction parts for bridges and viaducts, being part of the construction of the Osman Gazi Bridge and the new Istanbul Airport.

Export business

The 2014-ordered passenger/vehicle ferries MF Leiger and MF Tiiu of the Estonian TS Laevad were built in 2016. The MF Estonia 2016, a -long ferry with a capacity of 600 passengers and 150 vehicles, was built for the Port of Tallinn.

The -long ferry MF Sildafjord of the Norwegian Fjord1 ASA, which can carry 299 passengers and 83 vehicles, was launched in July 2019, and delivered in May 2020. Two more ferries, the MF Florøy and MF Hillefjord, were delivered to Fjord1 ASA early 2020. 

In January 2021, the shipyard delivered the -long well-boat Aqua Skye, a fishing boat with the capability to store live fish and transport them, to the Norwegian DESS Aquaculture Shipping.

The -long well-boat Gåsø Høvding of the Norvegian Frøy was launched in January 2021.

The approximately -long 4.3 MW  hybrid electric ferry  MF Bastø Electric  of the Norwegian Bastø Fosen, which can carry 600 passengers and 200 vehicles, was delivered in February 2021; it is an environmentally friendly ship with zero emissions.

In March 2021, another hybrid electric ferry of Bastø Fosen, the -long MF Svelvik for 100 passengers and 30 vehicles, was launched.

In 2021, the shipyard was awarded an order by the Italian Caronte and Tourist to build a -long SOLAS-compatible  8,300 GT LNG hybrid ro-pax ferry for 800 passengers and crew and 114 vehicles.

Gallery

References

Turkish companies established in 2005
Shipyards of Turkey
Buildings and structures in Yalova Province
Altınova
Haiderpur Wetland. Haiderpur wetland is a UNESCO Ramsar site located near the Bijnor Ganga Barrage within the Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh, India.

Formation and Geography
Haiderpur wetland is one of the largest human-made wetland that was formed in 1984 after the construction of Madhya Ganga Barrage. The region is fed by the Ganges and its tributary Solani river, constituting an area of 6908 hectare within the Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary in Muzaffarnagar and Bijnor districts. The wetland lies in the strategic Central Asian Flyway which is as an important stop over site for the winter migratory birds.

Biodiversity

Bird species
The wetland is home to over 320 species of birds, which includes many globally threatened species. Commonly observed avian species includes, Partridge, Quail, Peafowl, Pigeon, Falcon, Hawk, Spot-billed duck, Crane, Eagle, Owl, White vulture, Cuckoo and Nightingale. Kingfisher, Myna, Red-vented bulbul, Sparrow, Baya weaver among others are also found in abundance in the wetland.

Other fauna
Among the mammals, Leopard, Wildcats, Monkeys, Fox, Wolf, Nilgai, Jackal, Mongoose, Honey badger, Barasingha, Wild boars, Rabbits, Muskrats and Bats inhabit the wetland and surrounding sanctuary region. Reptiles such as, Monitor lizard, Python, Indian cobra, Krait and Viper are found in large numbers. A significant population of IUCN Red List critically endangered Gharial (Gavialis gangeticus) and many vulnerable amphibian species are observed in the wetland and the adjoining Ganga river basin.

Conservation Status
Following the conservation efforts of wildlife activists and involvement of local community, Haiderpur is designated as the 47th Ramsar site, a wetland of international importance in April 2021. The World Wide Fund for Nature and the government have initiated several schemes for the conservation and management of Haiderpur wetland.

Gallery

See also
 Hastinapur Wildlife Sanctuary
 Wildlife sanctuaries of India

References

External

eBird Hotspot Haiderpur Wetland

Bird sanctuaries of Uttar Pradesh
Protected areas of Uttar Pradesh
Wetlands of India
Ramsar sites in India
Collapsing can. Collapsing can or can crusher experiment is a demonstration of an aluminum can being crushed by atmospheric pressure. Due to the low pressure inside a can as compared to the pressure outside, the pressure outside exerts a force on the can causing the can to collapse.

Explanation 

The demonstration starts with boiling water inside the can. As the water is boiled, water vapor is created and fills the space inside the can which then pushes the air out.

H2O → H2O

Then, inverting a water vapor-filled can into a water bath causes the water vapor to rapidly condense back to liquid water. The condensation of water reduces pressure inside the can, so the higher pressure outside the can makes the can collapse.

H2O → H2O

Limitation 
Since the can is open when immersed, this demonstration only works with aluminum cans. Aluminum cools quickly when immersed, causing almost instantaneous condensation of the steam, leading the weak aluminum to collapse. With steel cans the water in the cooling bath condenses the interior steam by contact through the opening in the can. Then the cooling water is drawn inside the can by the reduced pressure preventing the collapse of the can. The steam condenses before the steel cools.

A variation where the opening in the can is sealed air-tight can make even a strong a steel drum collapse. After the water inside the drum boils and forces the air out, the opening is sealed air tight. When the steam condenses the can, or drum, will be crushed by the pressure differential between the internal partial pressure of water, and the external atmosphere.

Alternatives 
Addition of sodium hydroxide to a can filled with carbon dioxide can produce a similar result.

Gallery

References

External links 
 Can Crush Demonstration

Physics education
Chemistry classroom experiments
Articles containing video clips
Atmospheric pressure
Christian Penda Ekoka. Christian Penda Ekoka (21 March 1952 – 8 August 2021) was a Cameroonian government official. He was an advisor to President Paul Biya from 2010 to 2018. In 2018, he supported Maurice Kamto in his unsuccessful candidacy against President Biya.

Early life and education

Ekoka was born on 21 March 1952 in Douala.

Ekoka left studies at the Collège Liberman in Douala before being selected by the Canadian International Development Agency to pursue an engineering degree at Polytechnique Montréal. He then earned graduate degrees from McGill University and Concordia University.

Professional experience

Ekoka returned to Cameroon in 1978 and began a career as an engineer. For 15 years, he was an investment officer and director of studies and projects at the Société nationale d’investissement. In 1991, he began working as a consultant for Insight BDS, specializing in investment advice, industrial policies and strategies, and development of public-private partnership projects.

Ekoka joined the Cameroon People's Democratic Movement (CPDM) in 1996. He advocated against a 7th term for President Biya and for in-depth reforms to Cameroonian democracy. In 2018, he founded the AGIR-ACT movement, which sought to reach potential for its members. In July 2018, while still an advisor to Paul Biya, he announced that he would not support the President in that year's election. Instead, he and AGIRACT supported Maurice Kamto of the Cameroon Renaissance Movement. With this endorsement, a political alliance was created between the two organizations.

On 28 January 2019, Ekoka was arrested in Douala alongside Kamto and  for organization of peaceful protests in response to the contested results of the 2018 election. They were held for nine months and released in October 2019 without charge.

Christian Penda Ekoka died on 8 August 2021 at the age of 69.

References

1952 births
2021 deaths
People from Douala
21st-century Cameroonian people
20th-century Cameroonian people
McGill University alumni
Concordia University alumni
Cameroon People's Democratic Movement politicians
Małgorzata Jarosińska-Jedynak. Małgorzata Bogumiła Jarosińska-Jedynak (born 31 October 1979 in Rzeszów) is a Polish engineer and statesperson, Deputy  in the Ministry of Investment and Economic Development (2018-2019),  in the Second Cabinet of Mateusz Morawiecki during 2019-2020) and, after the reorganization,  the Secretary of State in this ministry since 2020.

Career
She graduated in environmental engineering from the Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering of the Rzeszów University of Technology, as well as post-graduate studies in occupational safety and health at the same university.

She worked in local government administration, dealing with regional development and support for entrepreneurship, first at Tyczyn Commune, and then for 10 years at the Podkarpackie Province, rising to become director of the Department of Entrepreneurship Support.

On 29 November 2018 Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki appointed her Undersecretary of State in the Ministry of Investment and Development, responsible for the implementation of EU funds for innovation, digitization and human capital, as well as supervision of the "Accessibility Plus" program.

On 15 November 2019 she was appointed the Minister of Funds and Regional Policy in the second government of Mateusz Morawiecki. In October 2020, she was appointed Secretary of State in the Ministry of Funds and Regional Policy.

References

1979 births
Living people
Women government ministers of Poland
People from Rzeszów
Project Cyclone. Project Cyclone was a 20-year initiative of the US Office of Naval Research that lasted from 1946 to the mid-1960s. It was one of a series of projects whose purpose was to develop a computer laboratory with a company in the private sector that would do research and development on missile systems, as well as on classified problems in navigation, ballistics, engine control, electrical circuit analysis, and other fields. A secondary motivation was to strengthen the US's connections with civilian scientists and technology companies that had developed during WWII.

Project Cyclone was a partnership with Reeves Instrument Corporation. There were two sister projects: Project Whirlwind, which was a partnership with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to build a digital computer (resulting in the Whirlwind I), and Project Typhoon, which was a partnership to build an analog computer with RCA.

The project led to the development of the original Reeves Electronic Analog Computer (or "REAC"), as well as subsequent models. Under the auspices of Project Cyclone, Reeves personnel would also be responsible for operating competitors' hardware in the lab, such as the ELECOM 100, produced by Electronic Computer Corporation. This was generally done to test the results of the Reeves-built machines in the lab.

The offices of the project were originally located on the premises of Reeves Instrument Corporation in New York, but by the 1950s the project had expanded such that it required three separate computer laboratories. The largest Project Cyclone lab contained 13 full REAC machines.

Project Cyclone, jointly with Reeves, was the organizer of multiple symposiums on analog computers. The first one was held in March 1951 in NYC, and was attended by 141 visitors from elite engineering organizations all over the world, such as the Applied Physics Laboratory and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The proceedings of these symposia were published under the title "Project Cyclone Symposium on REAC Techniques".

References

Military projects of the United States
Military research of the United States