omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment. The Advanced Intrusion Detection Environment (AIDE) was initially developed as a free replacement for Tripwire licensed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL).

The primary developers are named as Rami Lehti and Pablo Virolainen, who are both associated with the Tampere University of Technology, along with Richard van den Berg, an independent Dutch security consultant.  The project is used on many Unix-like systems as an inexpensive baseline control and rootkit detection system.

Functionality
AIDE takes a "snapshot" of the state of the system, register hashes, modification times, and other data regarding the files defined by the administrator. This "snapshot" is used to build a database that is saved and may be stored on an external device for safekeeping.

When the administrator wants to run an integrity test, the administrator places the previously built database in an accessible place and commands AIDE to compare the database against the real status of the system. Should a change have happened to the computer between the snapshot creation and the test, AIDE will detect it and report it to the administrator. Alternatively, AIDE can be configured to run on a schedule and report changes daily using scheduling technologies such as cron, which is the default behavior of the Debian AIDE package.

This is mainly useful for security purposes, given that any malicious change which could have happened inside the system would be reported by AIDE.

See also 

 Host-based intrusion detection system comparison

References

External links
 
 AIDE Github project
 AIDE online manpage
 AIDE reference in Ubuntu wiki
 OpenSUSE Security Guide chapter on AIDE

Computer security software
Unix security software
Intrusion detection systems
TMEIC. ( ) is a joint venture between Toshiba and Mitsubishi Electric headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, specializing in industrial electric and automation systems for industrial plants. The company develops and produces power electronics apparatus, electric motors, drives, and uninterruptible power supplies. TMEIC has worldwide operations with approximately 4500 employees.

Divisions 
Industrial Systems
Industrial Automation and Drive Systems
Power Electronics Systems
Rotating Machinery Systems

History 
Tokyo Electric Company, the predecessor of Toshiba Corporation, was founded in 1896.

Mitsubishi Electric Corporation was founded in 1921.

In 1999, Toshiba and Mitsubishi Electric established TMA Electric Corporation (TMAE), a joint venture specializing in rotating machinery.
In 2000, Toshiba and General Electric Company formed Toshiba GE Automation Systems (TGAJ) operating in sales and engineering of industrial plant systems.

Toshiba and Mitsubishi Electric have decided to unify TMAE, TGAJ and their industrial systems division to form a joint venture named Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial Systems Corporation (TMEIC).
TMEIC started business on October 1, 2003. 
The official name of company was changed to TMEIC Corporation on April 1, 2024.

Products 
Processing Board
Control Board
Uninterruptible power supply
Power Converter Devices
Drive Equipment
Large Capacity Motors and Generators
Motor for Metal Rolling Mill
Wind Power Generator
Ozone Gas Generating System
Ozone Water Producing System
Steel plant automation
Photovoltaic Inverters

Locations

Japan
Head Office (Tokyo)
Fuchu Works (Fuchu)
Keihin Works (Yokohama)
Kobe Works (Kobe)
Nagasaki Works (Nagasaki)

Overseas Affiliated Companies
TMEIC Corporation Americas (Roanoke, VA, United States; Branch: Houston Factory: Katy)
TMEIC Sistemas Industriais da America do Sul Ltda (São Paulo, Brazil)
TMEIC Europe Limited. (Middlesex, United Kingdom. Branch: Bari, Italy)
TMEIC International Corporation (Istanbul, Turkey)
Toshiba Mitsubishi-Electric Industrial Systems (China) Corporation (Beijing, China. Branch: Shanghai)
Shanghai Bao-ling Electric Control Equipment Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China)
Guangzhou Toshiba Baiyun Ryoki Power Electronics Co., Ltd. (Guangzhou, China)
TMEIC Asia Company Limited (Hong Kong. Branches: Singapore; Taiwan)
TMEIC Industrial Systems India Private Limited (Hyderabad, Telangana India. Branch: Mumbai, Pune, Gurgaon, Bangalore)
TMEIC Power Electronics Systems India Private Limited, (Bangalore, India)
TMEIC Process Technology Application Center, Ltd (Melbourne, Australia)

References

External links 
 http://www.tmeic.com

Engineering companies based in Tokyo
Electronics companies established in 2003
Mitsubishi Electric
Toshiba
Japanese companies established in 2003
Facing (machining). In machining, facing is the cutting of a flat surface perpendicular to some axis of the workpiece. This can be applied in two different areas: 
Facing on a milling machine (perpendicular to the axis of movement), which involves various milling operations, but primarily face milling.
Facing on a lathe (perpendicular to the axis of rotation), which is commonly used in turning and boring operations. 

Other operations remove material in ways similar to facing, for example, planing, shaping, and grinding, but these processes are not labeled by the term "facing."

Facing lathe operation 
Facing on the lathe uses a facing tool to cut a flat surface perpendicular to the work piece's rotational axis. A facing tool is mounted into a tool holder that rests on the carriage of the lathe. The tool will then feed perpendicularly across the part's rotational axis as it spins in the jaws of the chuck. A user will have the option to hand feed the machine while facing, or use the power feed option. For a smoother surface, using the power feed option is optimal due to a constant feed rate. Facing will take the work piece down to its finished length very accurately. Depending on how much material needs to be taken off, a machinist can choose to take roughing or finishing cuts.  Factors that affect the quality and effectiveness of facing operations on the lathe are speeds and feeds, material hardness, cutter size, and how the part is being clamped down.

Face milling operation 
Facing on a milling machine is the process of cutting a flat surface perpendicular to the axes of the milling cutter. This process removes the material by rotating the facing tool in the counterclockwise direction as the table feeds the work piece across the cutter. Face milling can be achieved with an end mill, but is often done with a face mill, shell mill or a fly cutter. Face milling can be done in both manual machining and CNC machining. To obtain a smoother surface finish it is best to let the machine feed the table. Newer manual milling machines and CNC machines will have this option, but older milling machines will not. Hand feeding the table will allow human error into the process. Machinists also have the option to take roughing cuts and finish cuts. Factors that affect the quality and effectiveness of facing operations on the mill are speeds and feeds, material hardness, cutter size, and how the part is being clamped down.

Spotfacing is the facing of spots (localized areas), such as the bearing surfaces on which bolt heads or washers will sit.

References

Machining
Eastgate Renewable Energy Village. The Eastgate Renewable Energy Village (also known as Eco-Disney) is a multimillion-pound project planned for the village of Eastgate in Weardale, County Durham.  The plan is to showcase five different forms of renewable energy and create a complex that includes a hotel, spa, cable car ride, 65 new homes, a cafe, viewing platforms, bird watching centre and connection with the Weardale Railway.

History
In 2002, the Weardale Task Force decided that Eastgate could provide a sustainable facility as part of the wider regeneration of Weardale.

In 2004, an interim report found that the Eastgate Geothermal Exploration Borehole was capable of providing water at 26 °C, potentially providing hot water and heating for the buildings on site. The planning application was submitted in April 2008.

Progress
On 29 September 2009, the plans got unanimous outline approval by the County Durham strategic planning committee. As of October 2009, the plans awaited examination by Government Office North East, who will decide whether to call in the decision or give it full approval.

In September 2010, £1 million funding that was to be received was cancelled as part of the government's budget cut programme, leaving the project's future in serious doubt.  It is hoped the money will be raised through the private sector.

Controversy
Opinion seems to be split on the benefits of the project.  Supporters claim it will provide 350 jobs, encourage eco-friendly lifestyles, act as a prototype for other similar projects and regenerate a region left devastated by foot and mouth and the closure of the Lafarge Cement UK works, potentially turning the area into a tourist attraction comparable with the Lake District.

Objectors claim the development would ruin the scenery, that the hot springs lack the heat needed for success, the energy created would be insignificant and that large quantities of fuel sources would need to be transported to Weardale.

References

External links
 Eastgate Renewable Energy Village 

Ecovillages
Environment of County Durham
Submersible drilling rig. A submersible drilling rig is a marine vessel design that can be floated to location and lowered onto the sea floor for offshore drilling activities.

Design and operation
The submersible drilling platform is supported on large pontoon-like structures. These pontoons provide buoyancy allowing the unit to be towed from location to location.

Once on the location, the pontoon structure is slowly flooded until it rests securely on its anchors, of which there are usually two per corner.

The operating deck is elevated 100 feet above the pontoons on large steel columns to provide clearance above the waves.

After the well is drilled, the water is pumped out of the buoyancy tanks and the vessel is re-floated and towed to the next location.

Submersibles, as they are known informally, operate in relatively shallow water, since they must rest on the sea floor. Other floating vessel types are used in deeper water depths. The term Mobile Offshore Drilling Unit (MODU) is generally used for all offshore drilling rigs that can be moved from location to location.

Evolution

The first offshore mobile drilling platform was the Hayward-Barnsdall Breton Rig 20, first operated in 1949. This rig had evolved from the inland drilling barges which were used to drill in marshes and protected waters in up to 10 feet of water. The Breton Rig 20 was 160 feet by 85 feet, and could work in 20 feet water depth.

By 1958, the number of submersible drilling rigs had increased to around 30.

In 1961, Shell Oil successfully converted an existing submersible rig Blue Water Rig No.1 into the first semi submersible drilling unit for operation in the Gulf of Mexico when it was found to have good stability and motions whilst being towed at a partial draught.

Alden J. Laborde designed and constructed the first purpose-built V-shaped semi-submersible drilling rig, Ocean Driller, delivered in 1963.

References

Drilling technology
Bulk polymerization. Bulk polymerization or mass polymerization is carried out by adding a soluble radical initiator to pure monomer in liquid state. The initiator should dissolve in the monomer. The reaction is initiated by heating or exposing to radiation. As the reaction proceeds the mixture becomes more viscous. The reaction is exothermic and a wide range of molecular masses are produced.

Bulk polymerization is carried out in the absence of any solvent or dispersant and is thus the simplest in terms of formulation. It is used for most step-growth polymers and many types of chain-growth polymers. In the case of chain-growth reactions, which are generally exothermic, the heat evolved may cause the reaction to become too vigorous and difficult to control unless efficient cooling is used.

Advantages and disadvantages 
Bulk polymerization has several advantages over other methods, these advantages are:

 The system is simple and requires thermal insulation.
 The polymer obtained is pure.
 Large castings may be prepared directly.
 Molecular weight distribution can be easily changed 
 The product obtained has high optical clarity

Disadvantages:
 Heat transfer and mixing become difficult as the viscosity of reaction mass increases.
 The problem of heat transfer is compounded by the highly exothermic nature of free radical addition polymerization.
 The polymerization is obtained with a broad molecular weight distribution due to the high viscosity and lack of good heat transfer.
 very high molecular weights are obtained.
 Gel effect.
For reducing the disadvantages of bulk polymerization, the process can be carried out in a solution. This is known as solution polymerization.

Classification 
There are two main types of bulk polymerization:

Quiescent bulk polymerization 
There is no agitation in this type of bulk polymerization. This is often used to synthesize cross-linked and thermosetting polymers. Due to dormant nature of the system, the Trommsdorff effect is significantly present, which in turn leads to longer chains and tougher material. The major disadvantages of this type of polymerization include entrapped bubbles (or voids) due to monomer boil-off and inability to convert all monomers.

Stirred bulk polymerization 
Continuous stirring of the monomer happens in this type of polymerization. Very specific designs of reactors are used depending upon the viscosity of the polymer. In some applications, the completed polymer melt is transferred from the reactor using a gear pump or applying moderate external pressure. It differs from the solution polymerization in a way that the monomer itself acts as a solvent.

References

Polymerization reactions

fr:Procédé de polymérisation#Polymérisation en masse
Ecstasea. Ecstasea is a luxury yacht, the biggest Feadship built when she was launched. In June 2009 she was sold by her original owner, the Russian oligarch Roman Abramovich, to Alshair Fiyaz by yacht brokers Merle Wood.

Design
Ordered by Russian oligarch Roman Abramovich, Ecstasea was built in 2004 as the largest Feadship ever built. The yacht was built in the shipyard of Royal Van Lent and has length of , and a beam of , with a Deadweight of 585 metric tons. The yacht is made of all steel, and is much closer to a luxury ship, than to a yacht.

Her exterior design was created by the teamwork of Terence Disdale and De Voogt Naval Architects, with Disdale also responsible for the yacht's Asian-style interior. David Waite-Wright, who was Senior Designer at Disdales, oversaw the project. The yacht later went on to win multiple interior design awards.
She has capacity for 14 passengers, who are divided into 6 separate rooms.

Engine 
The yacht has four main MTU engines with a combined power of 12,444 hp. The builder also installed a General Electric LM2500 gas turbine on board, which produces 30,843 hp. The total combined horsepower of 43,287 hp allows the yacht to reach a maximum speed of more than 30 knots. The maximum speed with only the diesel engines working is 25 knots. The cruising speed (diesel only) is 22 knots.

Incidents 
On December 15, 2019, Ecstasea clipped the Simpson Bay Bridge, St. Maarten.  The yacht sustained minor hull damage, but a small operation room attached to the bridge was destroyed and fell into the bay.  This incident was captured on video and posted to Reddit.  It is estimated that the vessel was traveling at less than 3 knots.

The St. Maarten Daily Herald reported that this was not the first time the booth has been damaged by incoming vessels.  In this particular incident, the yacht was blown off course by “adverse current and wind conditions.”  The operator was able to escape the booth in time, and the bridge itself was not substantively damaged, neither were the controls.  The bridge resumed normal operations on Monday, December 16.

See also 
List of motor yachts by length
Pelorus

References

External links

Ecstasea at MonacoEye.com
Ecstasea Jet engine at youtube

2004 ships
Individual yachts
Motor yachts
Roman Abramovich
MIL-STD-1397. MIL-STD-1397 standard was issued by the United States Department of Defense (DoD) to define "the requirements for the physical, functional and electrical characteristics of a standard I/O data interface for digital data." The MIL-STD-1397 classification types A, B and D apply specifically to the Naval Tactical Data System (NTDS).

Overview

Types 
MIL-STD-1397 defines several 'Types' (A to K) 
 Type A (NTDS Slow)- Parallel data transfer of up to 41667 words per second on one cable.
 Type B (NTDS Fast) - Parallel data transfer of up to 250000 words per second on one cable.
 Type C (ANEW) - Parallel data transfer of up to 250000 words per second on one cable.
 Type D (NTDS Serial) - Asynchronous serial data transfer using 10 Mbit/s data rate.
 Type E (NATO Serial) - Asynchronous serial data transfer at 10 Mbit/s, with 300000 words/sec in burst mode, or 175000 words/sec in single transfer mode. Type E is derived from STANAG 4153. Type E uses Bi-Phase Modulation [Manchester II phase encoding]. The impedance is 50 ohms + 5 ohms, a 50 ohm Triaxial cable is defined [center conductor is the signal, the other two are shields]. MIL-C-17/134 cable is used for lengths up to 120 meters, MIL-C-17/135 is used for cable lengths up to 300 meters. The connectors are defined by MIL-C-49142 /01 and /02.
 Type F - MIL-STD-1553 aircraft Manchester Byphase multiplex serial bus, 1 Mbit/s data rate.
 Type G (RS-449 compatible with RS-232) - uses EIA449 / EIA232 implementation.
 Type H (High Speed) - Parallel data transfer of up to 500,000 words per second on one cable.
 Type I - Not specified.
 Type J - Optical version
 Type K (SCSI) - Based on SCSI-2.

Mechanical
Type D uses BNC coaxial connectors.
Type E uses TNC triaxial connectors.

Electrical Signalling
 Type A - Binary voltage levels of 0 VDC (logic 1) and -15 VDC (logic 0)
 Type B - Binary voltage levels of 0 VDC (logic 1) and -3 VDC (logic 0)
 Type C - Binary voltage levels of 0 VDC (logic 1) and +3.5 VDC (logic 0) 
 Type D - Bipolar +/- 3.25 VDC nominal
 Type E - Bipolar +/- 600mv
 Type F -
 Type G - 
 Type H -
 Type I - Not specified.
 Type J -

References
 Military Standard, Input/Output Interfaces, Standard Digital Data, Navy Systems (MIL-STD-1397B), 3 March 1989

External links
 MIL-STD-1397 and NTDS (Retrieved 14 October 2009)

Military of the United States standards
Network termination 1. Network Termination 1 (NT1) or Network Termination type 1 refers to equipment in an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) that physically and electrically terminates the network at the customer's premises. The NT1 network termination provides signal conversion and timing functions which correspond to layer 1 of the OSI model. In a Basic Rate Interface, the NT1 connects to line termination (LT) equipment in the provider's telephone exchange via the local loop two wire U interface and to customer equipment via the four wire S interface or T interface. The S and T interfaces are electrically equivalent, and the customer equipment port of a NT1 is often labelled as S/T interface. There are many types of NT1 available.

In the United States, the NT1 is considered customer-premises equipment (CPE) and is as such generally provided by the customer or integrated into the customer's equipment. In this case, the U interface is the termination point of the ISDN network. In Europe, the NT1 is generally provided by the provider, and the S/T is the termination point of the ISDN network.

References

Integrated Services Digital Network
ERIPAX. ERIPAX (ERICSSON Packet Switching Exchange) was a suite of packet switched network products and services that was introduced in 1983 by Ericsson.  It worked primarily over the X.25 standard, but  X.28 and X.75 protocols were also used.  It also supported TCP/IP and SNA network sessions, and eventually also worked over Frame Relay.  The concentrators were Ericsson, but IBM equipment was frequently part of an ERIPAX solution.

References

Network protocols
Martin Campbell-Kelly. Martin Campbell-Kelly FCBS FLSW (born  1960) is an Emeritus Professor at the University of Warwick who has specialised in the history of computing.

Education
Campell-Kelly was educated at Sunderland Polytechnic where he was awarded a PhD in 1980 on the Foundations of computer programming in Britain 1945–1955.

Research
Campbell-Kelly has authored, edited numerous books and journal articles on the history of computing.

He served on the editorial board of the IEEE Annals of the History of Computing journal. He is a committee member of the Computer Conservation Society, a Specialist Group of the British Computer Society, and is a Gresham College lecturer.

In 2011, Campbell-Kelly was elected a Fellow of the Learned Society of Wales.

References

External links
 Martin Campbell-Kelly on ResearchGate

Year of birth missing (living people)
20th-century births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Sunderland
English computer scientists
21st-century English historians
Historians of science
Historians of technology
Computer science writers
Academics of the University of Warwick

Fellows of the Learned Society of Wales
Milk paint. Milk paint is a nontoxic, milk-based paint bound with casein. It can be made from milk and lime, generally with pigments added for color. In other recipes, borax is mixed with milk's casein protein in order to activate the casein and as a preservative. The paint adheres best to porous substrates such as wood, its common traditional use, but will adhere also and with greater sheen to non-porous ones, especially if mixed with appropriate bonding agents. It has been in use for thousands of years. Traditionally, and usually still, made wholly of natural ingredients, it is extremely durable, often lasting for centuries if protected from the elements.

History, production, and uses 
The ancient history of milk in paint is attested by a primitive combination of wild bovid milk and ochre used on a stone tool found in a South African cave and dated to 49,000 years ago, tens of thousands of years before the Neolithic domestication of cattle. Goats’ milk provided the binder for lacquer paint used on the Ancient Egyptian tomb of King Tutankhamun.

Before the invention of acrylics, most house paint binders not made from oil instead used casein. Abundant historical production documents outline the manufacture of milk paint on an industrial scale. However, because oil-based and acrylic-based paint resins have come to be made in vast quantities with common oils, such as linseed, and petrochemicals, their price can be much lower than that of milk paint, which commercially is now made only on a small scale.

Borax-casein milk paint combines the advantages of an all-natural paint with the convenience of a ready-made paint, as it keeps for six months or more if sealed very tight to retain the moisture, although in time the casein binder will break down. Lime-casein milk paint does not come pre-mixed but is sold as a powder; once water is added, the lime activates the casein and yields a durable paint that is caustic till it dries but safe and odorless thereafter. Once lime-casein milk paint has been mixed, it must be used within a day, or a few days if refrigerated.

Today, milk paint is used not just on antique furniture and accurate replicas of it but on pieces of modern style. The resulting finish has depth of color and a mottled appearance that may be used to give furnishings and rooms a rustic, shabby chic character.

See also
Casein paint
Painting and the environment

References

Milk
Paints
Environmental impact of paint