omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Swedish Navy Construction Corps. The Swedish Navy Construction Corps () was, during the years 1793–1868, a military organized corps in the Swedish Navy, primarily tasked with creating drawings and proposals related to naval materiel and overseeing work at the Swedish state shipyards.

History
From ancient times, there existed a construction organization within the fleets, consisting of chief shipbuilders, shipbuilders, and assistant shipbuilders. By letters patent on 23 November 1793, this organization was restructured on a military basis, receiving military ranks and hierarchy. Through letters patent on 4 May 1798, it was subsequently ordained that the construction organization in both fleets would be merged and placed under the command of the active adjutant general for the fleets. The corps' numerical strength was determined to be 1 lieutenant colonel, 1 major, 4 captains, 4 lieutenants, and 4 constructors (later called underlöjtnant from 1816).

Upon the amalgamation of the fleets, it was determined by letters patent on 2 November 1824, that the corps would consist of 1 colonel and second-in-command, 1 captain, 4 premiärlöjtnants, 8 sekundlöjtnants, 3 assistant constructors, and 3 apprentices. Further specifications were made by letters patent on 22 February 1841, stating that the titles of the mentioned personnel would be changed. Specifically, the four premiärlöjtnants would be called kaptenlöjtnants, and the four oldest sekundlöjtnants would be named premiärlöjtnant.

The engineering corps existed under the aforementioned organization until the year 1868. As a result of a parliamentary decision in 1867, and letters patent issued on 17 December of the same year in connection with it, a new civilian institution was formed by some of the then construction officers and machinist officers under the name of the , which was called the  from 1906. The remaining part of the construction officers and machinist officers who were not transferred to the Mariningenjörsstaten were placed on the retired list.

Heads
The head of the corps was a colonel and second-in-command. The second-in-command was to have a seat and a voice in the Administration of Maritime Affairs (Förvaltningen av Sjöärendena), albeit only with the right to vote in cases that he prepared and presented.

 1794–1814: Lars Nordenbjelke
 1814–1817: Francis af Sheldon
 1817–1820: Lars Uhrlin
 1820–1824: Salomon Sjöbohm
 1825–1845: Johan Aron af Borneman
 1845–1847: Jacob Henric d'Ailly
 1847–1849: Johan Fredrik Ehrenstam
 1849–1863: Carl Lundquist
 1863–1868: Axel Ljungstedt

See also
Swedish Navy Mechanical Corps

References

Notes

Print

Corps of the Swedish Navy
Military units and formations established in 1793
Military units and formations disestablished in 1868
1793 establishments in Sweden
1868 disestablishments in Sweden
Military engineer corps
Military administrative corps of Sweden
Stockholm Wood City. Stockholm Wood City is a planned wooden construction project located in the Stockholm neighborhood Sickla, initiated and developed by the Swedish urban developer Atrium Ljungberg. The project will become the world's largest known wooden-built urban area, spanning 25 blocks and 250,000 square meters. It has been praised by institutions such as the World Economic Forum as a precedent in sustainable city development. The project is estimated to cost $1.4 billion.

Construction is set to break ground in 2025, with phase-wide development planned. The first buildings are expected to be completed by 2027, with the entire project slated for completion ten years from the start of construction.

When the wood city is finalized, it will house 7,000 office spaces, 2,000 homes as well as a variety of retailers and restaurants. It will be the largest workplace area in southern Stockholm, to compensate for the current deficit of workplaces in the southern half of the Stockholm region.

Background

The project was conceived by the developer Atrium Ljungberg in 2023, with an aim to advance towards the listed company's sustainability targets. Compared to traditional construction methods using concrete or other materials, wooden construction offers multiple advantages. It significantly reduces CO2 emissions both during the construction phase and throughout the building's maintenance life cycle. Additionally, wooden construction shortens the duration of the building process and results in less noise at construction sites.

Atrium Ljungberg has also claimed that wood buildings can be better for personal health and that studies have shown they "provide better air quality, reduce stress, increase productivity, and store carbon dioxide throughout the time they are in use."

Development
The architecture of the Stockholm Wood City incorporates nature-informed elements that follow the minimalist and function aesthetics of Scandinavian design. Buildings will feature green roofs for improved insulation and large windows to maximize natural light. The Nordic architecture firms White and Henning Larsen have both worked on the early concept design development for the project.

Stockholm Wood City was announced in the wake of a global trend toward timber construction, with several countries aiming to build the tallest wooden skyscrapers. While there are other contenders in the race for height, Stockholm Wood City aspires for a different kind of record as the most expansive wooden city.

References

Stockholm
Metropolitan_Stockholm
Urban_planning
Urban_planning_in_Sweden
Sustainable_urban_planning
Sustainable_building
Wooden buildings and structures in Sweden
Nacka_Municipality
Swedish Navy Mechanical Corps. The Swedish Navy Mechanical Corps () was a Swedish Navy corps with naval engineers from 1814 to 1868. In 1816, it was stipulated that the organization responsible for shipbuilding work in Karlskrona, known as the Byggnadsstaten, would be transformed into a special unit called the Swedish Navy Mechanical Corps after the completion of this work. This corps ceased to exist with the organization of the Mariningenjörsstaten in 1868.

History
A separate construction staff, Byggnadsstaten, was established for the new dock construction in Karlskrona. However, when the dock construction work was discontinued, it was ordained by letters patent on 28 June 1814, that this construction staff would be merged with the Navy Mechanical Corps. In connection with the salary regulations decided in 1815, it was further stipulated by letters patent on 20 August 1816, that the aforementioned construction staff would, as before, constitute a separate corps, associated with service at the fleet's stations, under the name of the Flottornas mekaniska stat ("Mechanical Corps of the Fleets"), under the command of the adjutant general for the fleets. The Swedish Navy Mechanical Corps, like the Swedish Navy Construction Corps, underwent regulation in 1824. Additional salary regulations were implemented for the officers of this corps in 1854 and 1858. The latest regulation issued for this corps was dated 25 October 1855.

Even in the early 1870s, there were officers in the Navy Mechanical Corps, some on the state payroll and some off it. The former included officers serving at the fleet's stations, receiving pay from the fleet's budget. However, this class of officers from the mechanical corps disappeared entirely after the organization of the  in 1867. The builders listed on the salary list of the Mariningenjörsstaten now performed all construction work at the fleet's stations that was formerly carried out there by officers of the mechanical corps on the state payroll.

For the officers who still remained in the mechanical corps, the designation 'officer in the Navy Mechanical Corps' was merely a title. This title had no connection to the actual work these officers performed. Their work more closely resembled that of officers in the Road and Waterway Construction Service Corps or civil engineers and, therefore, has no direct connection to naval service, despite what the title suggests.

See also
Swedish Navy Construction Corps

References

Notes

Print

Corps of the Swedish Navy
Military units and formations established in 1814
Military units and formations disestablished in 1868
1814 establishments in Sweden
1868 disestablishments in Sweden
Stockholm Garrison
Military engineer corps
Military administrative corps of Sweden
Edge states. In physics, Edge states are the topologically protected electronic states that exist at the boundary of the material and cannot be removed without breaking the system's symmetry.

Background 

In solid-state physics, quantum mechanics, materials science, physical chemistry and other several disciplines, the electronic band structure of materials is primarily studied based on the extent of the band gap, the gap between highest occupied valence bands and lowest unoccupied conduction bands. The possible energy level of the material that provides the discrete energy values of all possible states in the energy profile diagram can be represented by solving the Hamiltonian of the system. This solution provides the corresponding energy eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Based on the energy eigenvalues, conduction band are the high energy states (E>0) while valence bands are the low energy states (E<0). In some materials, for example, in graphene and zigzag graphene quantum dot, there exists the energy states having energy eigenvalues exactly equal to zero (E=0) besides the conduction and valence bands. These states are called edge states which modifies the electronic and optical properties of the materials significantly.

References 

Physics
Star of the Seas. Star of the Seas is a cruise ship being built for Royal Caribbean International and will be the second Icon-class cruise ship built, the first being Icon of the Seas. She is expected to enter service on 31 August 2025, and will be homeported at Port Canaveral, Florida, United States.

History 
Steel-cutting for the ship began on 15 February 2023, the name was announced on 5 October 2023, the keel was laid on 15 December 2023, and the ship was floated out on 25 September 2024.

Design 
Star of the Seas is projected to have a gross tonnage of 250,800 and a capacity for 5,610 passengers.

References

External links

Ships built in Turku
Ships of Royal Caribbean International
Korean Air Flight 175. On November 25, 1989, Korean Air Flight 175, a Fokker F-28 flying from Gimpo International Airport to Ulsan Airport crashed on the runway immediately after takeoff and caught fire. None of the 48 passengers and crew on board were killed, but 44 people were injured. The cause was determined to be wing icing which caused the no. 1 engine to fail on takeoff.

See also 

 Korean Air incidents and accidents

References 

Accidents and incidents involving the Fokker F28
November 1989 events in Asia
1989 in South Korea
Korean Air accidents and incidents
Aviation accidents and incidents in South Korea
Aviation accidents and incidents in 1989
Sylvatest. Sylvatest is an ultrasonic measuring device that provides an overall diagnosis of a wooden component to test its mechanical strength. This is a specific non-destructive testing tool for wooden beams.

Description 

Sylvatest is an acousto-ultrasonic measuring device that provides an overall diagnosis of the wood element, based on the speed and energy absorption of the transmitted ultrasonic wave. The result given reflects the residual health of the wood in the trunk of the tree tested or the beam measured. These are non-destructive tests.

The technology was developed by Professor Jean-Luc Sandoz as part of his thesis at EPFL in 1984 and was further developed by researcher Yann Benoit in 1998.

Applications 
The sylvatest is used in many countries (Brazil, Europe and Asia).

It has been used on historic buildings such as the Entrepôts des magasins généraux in Paris, the Forbidden City in Beijing, and the beams of Notre-Dame de Paris or even the Château de Valère.

It is also used to certify the quality of wood for registered designations of origin such as Bois des Alpes or Bois de Chatreuse.

Bibliography 

 Research seminar: Diagnosing century-old reclaimed timber with a view to its reuse;
 Yosafat Aji Pranata, Muhammad Rusli, « Non-destructive testing go the existing timber columns of Minahasa traditional house »
 Nondestructive Techniques for Determination of Wood Mechanical Properties of Urban Trees in Madrid;
 CMechanical strength of structural timber. Taking account of singularities when modelling mechanical behaviour.
 Rita Bütler, Lita Patty, Renée-Claire Le Bayon et Claire Guenat, Forest Ecology and Management, , avril 2007, 
 Document de travail Interreg France-Suisse de 2019
 Probe-wood contact and gauge pressure with Sylvatest-Duo for precision ultrasonic measurements of wood
 Evaluation of two acoustic methods for determining the modulus of elasticity of young hybrid larch wood (Larix x eurolepis Henry) - comparison with a standard static bending method 
 Classification of Guyanese structural timbers. Comparison of three non-destructive techniques: visual, ultrasonic and modal analysis.
 Evaluation of modulus of elasticity of date palm sandwich panels using ultrasonic wave velocity and experimental models

References 

 
Maintenance
Quality control
Product testing
Product certification
Materials science
Materials testing
Tests
Adriana Moreo. Adriana Moreo is an Argentine-American condensed matter physicist whose research involves the computer simulation of superconductors, oxides of transition metals, graphene, and other strongly correlated materials. She is a professor in the Department of Physics & Astronomy at the University of Tennessee and a member of the research staff in the Materials Science and Technology Division of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.

Education and career
Moreo studied physics at the Balseiro Institute, earning a licenciado en Fisica in 1983 and completing a Ph.D. in 1985. After postdoctoral research with Eduardo Fradkin at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, and then at the University of California, Santa Barbara from 1988-1991, she became an assistant professor at Florida State University in 1992. She was promoted to associate professor in 1994 and full professor in 1999. In 2004 she moved to her present position in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Tennessee. Her research focuses on a wide variety of subjects such as: Quantum Materials, Strongly correlated electron systems: high Tc superconductors (cuprates, iron pnictides, iron selenides), manganites with colossal magnetoresistance, magnetism, topological materials, numerical calculations, and computational physics.

Recognition
Moreo was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS) in 2002, after a nomination from the APS Division of Condensed Matter Physics, "for important contributions to computational techniques and their application to the manganites, d-wave superconductors and other correlated electronic systems". She was named as a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2018.

Personal life
Moreo is married to Elbio Dagotto, another physicist, whom she met when they were both undergraduates in Argentina.

References

External links
Correlated Electrons Group, the homepage of Adriana Moreo and Elbio Dagotto's research group

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Argentine physicists
Argentine women physicists
American physicists
American women physicists
Condensed matter physicists
Florida State University faculty
University of Tennessee faculty
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Moustache Bikes. Moustache Bikes is a French brand of EPAC (electronically power assisted cycle), named Cycle Me, a company based in the Vosges since 2011.

Concept 

Vosges-based Cycle Me designs and assembles top-of-the-range electrically assisted bicycles under the Moustache Bikes brand. The name refers to the moustache-shaped handlebars of the early 20th century. Moustache Bikes stand out for the design of their frames, their solidity and reliability, and the care taken with the finish. As a result, the selling price is high.

From the outset, a vast range of models was offered for different uses: city bikes, but also mountain bikes, off-road bikes, tandems and later cargo bikes.

The sturdy metal frames are mainly imported from Taiwan, although a wooden frame was also tested. All models feature batteries and an electric motor from German equipment manufacturer Bosch.

These bikes, initially distributed exclusively by a hundred or so independent specialist shops in France and a hundred or so in Europe (England, Germany and the Benelux countries) are, 2019, shipped to 500 dealers all over the world. 45% of production is exported.

Story 
Cycle Me was created in 2011 by Emmanuel Antonot and Grégory Sand, in Golbey, near Épinal. Emmanuel Antonot previously worked for Lapierre bikes, one of Europe's oldest bicycle manufacturers.

The initial formula quickly met with success. Sales rose from 1,500 units in 2012 to 3000 in 2013. In 2015, the FCPR Initiative et Finance announced that it had acquired a stake in the company's capital. Even so, the Cycle Me intends to retain its independence.

In 2017, the assembly plant moved to Thaon-les-Vosges: the new assembly line is designed to produce 100,000 Unit bikes per year. The assembly workshop can assemble 200 Unit bikes per day. The catalogue offers 70 Unit models and the research and development team is capable of designing a new prototype in 10 Unit days. The company employs around one hundred people and has a turnover of around 70,000,000 in 2019.

In 2021, the founders installed a third assembly line at Thaon-les-Vosges and brought wheel assembly in-house.

References 

Electric cycle manufacturers
Cycle types
Bicycle
Micromobility
Electric
Road cycles
Vehicles introduced in 2010
AeroVolga Borey. The AeroVolga Borey is a single-engined amphibious aircraft built by AeroVolga in Russia.

Design and development 
Named after Boreas from Greek mythology, the Borey was the first AeroVolga aircraft to be designed using the 3D CAD software KOMPAS-3D.  It is a two-seat amphibious ultralight aircraft powered by a single Rotax 912 or 914 engine.  The Borey is designed for training and is equipped with instruments for night flying.  The airframe is made of fiberglass and carbon fiber with fabric-covered wings and elevators.  The aircraft features a flying boat hull, as well as manually retractable conventional landing gear with a steerable tailwheel for amphibious operations.  The Borey can be optionally fitted with a BRS ballistic parachute.

Operational history 
The Borey made its first flight in 2016, with serial production beginning the following year.  In 2018, a Borey L and two AeroVolga LA-8s navigated around the Arctic Circle.  The trip, which lasted 43 days, traveled over 20,000 km over eight countries.

In 2019, the Borey A model received an advanced ultra-light aeroplane (AULA) letter of acceptance in Canada.

Variants 
Variants for the Canadian AULA market are powered by a Rotax 912UL, while variants for the American LSA and German LTF-UL markets are powered by a Rotax 912ULS.
Borey A
Advanced ultra-light aeroplane (AULA) for the Canadian market.
Borey L
Variant that participated in the circumnavigation of the Arctic Circle.

Specifications (Borey A)

See also

References 

Amphibious aircraft
Light-sport aircraft
2010s ultralight aircraft
2010s Russian civil aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 2016
Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
AeroVolga aircraft
Mansehra–Muzaffarabad–Mirpur Expressway. The Mansehra–Muzaffarabad–Mirpur Expressway (MMM Expressway) is a proposed expressway project in Pakistan, connecting the cities of Mansehra, Muzaffarabad, and Mirpur. The project is part of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and is considered of exceptional significance by the Azad Jammu and Kashmir government.

The initiative aims to boost industrial expansion in manufacturing and exportation. Concerning its environmental effects, both the Pakistani and AJK governments are dedicated to preventing any environmental harm and adhering to the most rigorous environmental regulations. Comprehensive Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) findings are incorporated into every developmental endeavor. Additionally, the initiative is anticipated to encourage sustainable tourism and create pathways for biological and wildlife preservation.

Background
The MMM Expressway is a four-lane divided expressway that covers about 200 kilometers. Its purpose is to connect various districts within the state, contributing to the overall social and economic development. This expressway is anticipated to cut down travel time between Jehlum and Mansehra from five hours to two and a half hours.

Although there has been advancement, certain CPEC projects in Azad Kashmir, including the MMM Expressway, have encountered obstacles and experienced delays. These delays lead to increased expenses and impede the state's economic growth and regional connections. To tackle these challenges, relevant ministries and divisions have been instructed to present proposals addressing the issues faced in their respective projects.

The executive board of the National Highway Authority (NHA) has given the approval for the construction of the MMM Expressway by approving its PC-1. This comes after the completion of thorough feasibility studies and detailed project design.

Connection to Hazara Motorway

The Mansehra–Muzaffarabad–Mirpur Expressway is connected to the Hazara Motorway via Pano Dheri and Gujjar Galli. The federal government has approved PKR 2 billion for the construction of the Potha Interchange that will connect the Hazara Motorway with the MMM Motorway. This interchange will decrease travel time for the residents of Mansehra City and surrounding areas who had to use the Qalandarbad Interchange through the Karakoram Highway to reach the Hazara Motorway.

References

Expressways in Pakistan
Transport in Azad Kashmir
Transport in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
China–Pakistan Economic Corridor
REGENT Viceroy. The REGENT Viceroy "seaglider" is a proposed electric-powered wing-in-ground-effect vehicle under development by REGENT Craft Inc. of Rhode Island,  (REGENT is capitalized because it is an acronym, standing for "Regional Electric Ground Effect Nautical Transport"). 12 passengers will be carried on flights of up to  over coastal waters, with retractable hydrofoils used during the take-off run. It is intended to conduct flight trials in 2025 with customer deliveries commencing in 2026 to 2027. A 1/4 scale model was successfully demonstrated in 2022 in Narragansett Bay.

Announced customers include New Zealand's Ocean Flyer, Brittany Ferries in Europe and US carriers Mesa Airlines, Mokulele Airlines and Southern Airways Express.

Regulation question
It is unclear whether regulation in United States waters will fall entirely to the US Coast Guard, or whether the Federal Aviation Administration would also be involved – which would require more arduous and expensive certification.

Specification

References

Ground effect vehicles
Electric aircraft
Straight line engine turning. A straight line engine turning machine is a machine used for engraving decorative patterns on a surface. The engraving may be referred to as Guilloché, which also encompasses patterns created with the rose engine lathe. Where the rose engine is based on a lathe, the straight line engine has more in common with a metal planer machine.

The straight line engine turning machine commonly consisted of an upright slide, a cross slide, a slide rest which holds the cutting tool, and a pattern bar holder

References 

Lathes