omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Frederick Reginald Phipps. Major Frederick Reginald Phipps OBE A.M. Inst. C.E. F.S.I. (7 March 1875 – 9 January 1927) was Senior Engineering Inspector at the Ministry of Transport between 1924 and 1927.  After World War I he was awarded the OBE having served as officer in charge of the 311th Road Construction Company in the R.E. under Sir Henry Maybury, and as Deputy Assistant Director of Roads in the XV Corps.

Life
Frederick Reginald Phipps was born on 7 March 1875, the son of Mr. and Mrs. Wilton Phipps.  He was educated at Bedford Modern School and King Edward's School, Birmingham.

In 1893, Phipps became pupil and assistant to the borough surveyor of Tewkesbury.  In 1897 he was appointed engineering assistant to the City Engineer of Worcester and from 1903 to 1914 he served as borough engineer in Basingstoke.

During World War I Phipps served under Brigadier-General Sir Henry Maybury as officer in charge of the 311th Road Construction Company, Royal Engineers, being later promoted to D.A.D. Roads, XV Corps, with rank as Major and was awarded the OBE.

Upon the establishment of the Ministry of Transport in 1920, Phipps was appointed an engineering inspector and, in 1924, was made Senior Engineering Inspector of the Ministry, a position he held until his sudden death on 9 January 1927 in Surbiton.  Phipps left a widow, Lucy Phipps, and four children.

References

1875 births
1927 deaths
English civil engineers
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
People educated at Bedford Modern School
People educated at King Edward's School, Birmingham
Royal Engineers officers
British Army personnel of World War I
FASTER (software). FASTER (First Automated Teleprocessing Environment Reponder) was a transaction processor that ran on IBM mainframe systems under OS/MFT.

FASTER was available from IBM and designed for rapid, low to medium volume online processing. This process was entirely interactive (screen-oriented using 2260 display terminals).

The 'official' version of FASTER was single thread only and was a forerunner of MTCS before it was released.

Transactions
A FASTER transaction is a set of operations which together perform a task. Usually, the majority of transactions are relatively simple tasks such as updating the balance of an account. 

FASTER applications comprise transactions which were written in IBM Basic Assembly Language and interfaced with 2260 terminals.

Each FASTER program  was initiated using a transaction identifier. FASTER screens were sent as native 2260 datastreams to the terminal.

History
The first release of FASTER was made available prior to the first release of MTCS in the mid 1960s. FASTER and was a higher level BTAM based product that controlled IBM 2260 display terminals

See also
IBM 2260
OS/MFT
BTAM
MTCS: a later teleprocessing monitor from IBM

References

Transaction processing
IBM mainframe software
Enterprise Information Technology Data Repository. The Enterprise Information Technology Data Repository (EITDR) is the United States Air Force official database, presented as a webservice, for registering information technology (IT) systems and maintaining portfolio management data. This database provides IT portfolio managers and senior leaders with investment decision support and the ability to track and report compliance with federal laws and regulations. EITDR provides automated IT management processes, a common access point to gather, view, load, update, query, report and store pertinent data from disparate systems. EITDR serves as a single point of user entry for AF IT data and has electronic interface to other DoD/AF systems requiring the data.

United States Code, Title 40, Subtitle III, Chapter 113, requires the Air Force Chief Information Officer to implement a portfolio management process for maximizing the value and assessing and managing risks associated with information technology acquisition and use. EITDR was the result of this law.

The Office of the Secretary of the Air Force, Warfighting Integration and Chief Information Officer (SAF/XC) has primary responsibility. As of November 30, 2006, EITDR recorded 146 systems with operating budgets exceeding $1 million. In addition, FY06 EITDR operations and maintenance costs totaled $4.3 million.

On May 1, 2017, EITDR was replaced by ITIPS as the system of record for IT compliance.

References

Databases
United States Air Force
Chinese Chemical Society (Beijing). The Chinese Chemical Society (CCS; ) is a professional society of chemists headquartered in Beijing. It is part of the China Association for Science and Technology. Current membership is at around 55,000.

History
The CCS was founded in Nanjing on August 4, 1932.  It merged with the Chinese Chemical Engineering Society in 1959.  The organizations were separated again in 1963.  CSS has been a member of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) since 1980 and of the Federation of Asian Chemical Societies (FACS) since 1984.

International affiliations
 Pacific Polymer Federation (PPF)
 International Society of Electrochemistry (ISE)
 International Association of Catalysis Societies (IACS)
 International Confederation for Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry (ICTAC)

Publications

The CCS publishes many academic journals, including:
CCS Chemistry
Acta Chimica Sinica
Chinese J. Chemistry
Chinese Chemical Letters
Chemistry Bulletin
Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica
Journal of Inorganic Chemistry
Organic Chemistry
Analytical Chemistry
Journal of Applied Chemistry
Journal of Chromatography
Organic Chemistry
Acta Polymerica Sinica
Chinese J. Polym. Sci.
Polymer Bulletin
Electrochemistry
Journal of Catalysis
Chinese J. Molecular Science
Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology
Journal of Structural Chemistry
University Chemistry
Journal of Chemical Education

See also
 Chemical Society Located in Taipei

References

External links
Chinese Chemical Society website

Professional associations based in China
Chemistry societies
Science and technology in China
1932 establishments in China
L'Increvable. is the name given to the washing machine built to last 50 years and created by French designer Julien Phedyaeff. It is a device that comes as an assembly kit.

History and description of the machine 

According to Phedyaeff, the idea dates back to 2013, during his master's thesis on 'extended research on object dismantling practises'. He made a report that detailed how spare parts, when available, were sold at exceedingly high prices. His invention is designed to be delivered in kit from 'a healthy, solid and improvable base'. In order for it to be lighter, the washing machine lacks a concrete ballast. It is replaced by a reservoir which fills with water during the first use. 
The machine originally was a project presented for his diploma at the École Nationale Supérieure de Création Industrielle which he obtained in June 2014. The project received congratulations from the jury and obtained a label from 'l'Observeur du design 2015'.

On December 18, 2020, L'Increvable SAS closed down.

Awards 
 A label from 'l'Observeur du design' 2015

References

External links 
 https://www.lincrevable.com/en/ Official and commercial website
 L'Increvable : un lave-linge créé pour durer 50 ans 
 Une machine à laver qui dure 50 ans 
 L'Increvable SAS cessation (INSEE) et radiation (RCS) 

Laundry washing equipment
French inventions
Nigerian Navy College of Engineering. Nigerian Naval Engineering College (NNEC) is a Nigerian Government Monotechnic Institute located in Sapele, Delta State, South-South Nigeria.The college is a diploma awarding institute, established by the federal government of Nigeria in the year 1982 to train engineers, technologists and craftmen.

Administration
The college is headed by Rear Admiral Akinsola Johnson who serves as the commandant of the college. The base has seven schools; namely, marine engineering, Weapon Electrical Engineering, automobile, nuclear, biological, fire fighting and air engineering. The commandant said the status of the school will be changed to Polytechnic .

External links
  Official Website

References

Universities and colleges in Nigeria
Fira OS. Fira OS is a Linux-based mobile operating system and software platform developed by Fira, a subsidiary of Indonesian electronic giant Polytron (member of Djarum Group). Introduced on January 28, 2016, it was forked from Android and installed on newer Polytron smartphones since 2016.

Overview
Fira OS is based on the Android Open Source Project (AOSP) and the Linux kernel. It was built to comply with an Indonesian regulation requiring 40% minimum local content on all 4G LTE smartphones sold in Indonesia starting in 2017.

Applications
Fira OS features applications that are not usually available in other AOSP-based operating systems, such as FIRA Check Pulsa, FIRA Store, FIRA Pay, FIRA Directory, and others.

References

Mobile software
Mobile operating systems
Nobuko Yoshida. FBCS is the Christopher Strachey Professor of Computing in the Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford.

Yoshida undertook her BSc (1992) and MSc (1994) at the Keio University, Japan, before completing her PhD (1996) jointly at the universities of Keio and Manchester. She has worked at Imperial College London and the University of Oxford.

Her research interests include mobile concurrent computation, mobile computation and web services.

Awards
She was awarded the title of an EPSRC Established Career Fellow from in 2020 and is also a Honorary Fellow at the University of Glasgow as well as a Fellow of British Computer Society.

References

External links
Oxford University personal page
Imperial College personal page
Google Scholar page

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
People from Nagano (city)
Keio University alumni
Alumni of the University of Manchester
Japanese computer scientists
Japanese expatriates in England
Academics of the Department of Computing, Imperial College London
Members of the Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford
Fellows of the British Computer Society
Drug vectorization. In pharmacology and medicine, vectorization of drugs refers to (intracellular) targeting with plastic, noble metal or silicon nanoparticles or liposomes to which pharmacologically active substances are reversibly bound or attached by adsorption.

CNRS researchers have devised a way to overcome the problem of multidrug resistance using polyalkyl cyanoacrylate (PACA) nanoparticles as "vectors".

As a developing concept, drug nanocarriers are expected to play a major role in delivering multiple drugs to tumor tissues by overcoming semi-permeable membranes and biological barriers such as the blood–brain barrier.

References

See also
Vector (molecular biology)
Cancer treatment
Nanomedicine
Nanobiotechnology
Paul Ehrlich#Magic bullet
Gold nanobeacons

Pharmacology
Nanomedicine
Software durability. In software engineering, software durability means the solution ability of serviceability of software and to meet user's needs for a relatively long time. Software durability is important for user's satisfaction. For a software security to be durable, it must allow an organization to adjust the software to business needs that are constantly evolving, often in impulsive ways.

Durability of software depends on four characteristics mainly; i.e. software trustworthiness, Human Trust for Serviceability, software dependability and software usability.

References

software engineering
Christine Ortiz. Christine Ortiz is the dean of graduate education at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and Morris Cohen Professor of Materials Science and Engineering.

The goal of Ortiz's research program is a mechanistic-based understanding of tissue function, quality, and pathology. She is planning to create a new university, centered on project-based learning.

Education
BS, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1992
PhD, Cornell University, 1997

References

Living people
MIT School of Engineering faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
Women materials scientists and engineers
Cornell University alumni
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni
Recipients of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers
Wasp SP Mk2. The Wasp SP Mk2 is a British powered hang glider that was designed and produced by Wasp Systems (now called Wasp Flight Systems) of Crook, Cumbria. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

The SP Mk2 was introduced at Telford in 2002, following a 12-month development schedule.

Design and development
The SP Mk2 features a cable-braced hang glider-style high-wing, weight-shift controls, single-place accommodation, foot-launching and landing and a single engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft uses a standard hang glider wing, made from bolted-together aluminum tubing, with its single surface wing covered in Dacron sailcloth. The wing is supported by a single tube-type kingpost and uses an "A" frame control bar. The engine is a two-stroke, single cylinder Radne Raket 120 of  that mounts a tuned exhaust, controlled by a foot pedal. Electric starting is provided via a 12-cell Nickel–metal hydride battery. The harness mounts the engine and the  fuel tank. Each harness was custom made for the individual pilot to provide an exact fit and improve comfort. The harness incorporates a shaped carbon backplate, with a  foam insert, neoprene shoulder inserts, an adjustable prone angle and a multi-setting rotation point. Dual retractable cable-braced skids are provided to protect the two, or optionally three-bladed propeller, during take-off and landing.

Specifications (SP Mk2)

References

Mk2
2000s British ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Powered hang gliders
Global Technopreneurship Challenge. The Global Technopreneurship Challenge is an international competition organised by The Technopreneurship Institute through which global challenges are addressed, including the 14 Grand Challenges for Engineering for the 21st century  and The Global Goals. Participants address the selected challenges through technology and entrepreneurship. Each year, cities from all over the world bid to host the year's Global Technopreneurship Challenge.

About the Challenge 
The Global Technopreneurship Challenge is run in two stages, the preliminary stage and the finals. The preliminary stage is carried out online via a massive open online course on Open Learning where participants form teams and participate in online classes and activities. During this stage the participants acquire the knowledge necessary to conceive, design, implement and operate solutions that are technologically feasible, economically viable, desirable and environmentally sustainable. The teams with the best solutions will then be invited to the finals where they will be given a chance to pitch to academics, and industrial experts as well as investors.

The first challenge was held in Kuwait in 2015.

Global Technopreneurship Challenges

Kuwait Global Technopreneurship Challenge 2015 
The Kuwait Global Technopreneurship Challenge 2015 was held from July to November. It was organised by Kuwait University in collaboration with Taylor's School of Engineering and The Technopreneurship Institute. 

The Kuwait Global Technopreneurship Challenge aimed to address three of the 14 grand challenges, making solar energy economical, advance personalise learning and advance health informatics. The preliminary stage of the competition was held from July to September 2015 a total of 65 teams from 151 countries worked on providing solutions to address these grand challenges. 17 teams of finalist were chosen by a panel of international judges to attend the finals in Kuwait. The finals were held from the 14th to 16 November in conjunction with the 40th anniversary of the College of Petroleum and Engineering, Kuwait University.

The winners of the challenge were: Champion: Legacy, 1st Runner Up: E-Innovation, 2nd Runner Up: Diabetes Lifecycle Management System, and Judges Choice: The Concept Crew.

Partners and Sponsors 
Innovation partner - General Electric

Sponsors - KFAS, Zain, The National Fund, Boubyan Bank, BP

Supported by - Global Engineering Deans Council , Global Challenges Alliance , Asia School of Business, Open Learning.

Winners

References

External links
 The Technopreneurship Institute 
 xGTC
 Kuwait Global Technopreneurship Challenge
 GE investing in young engineers
Technopreneurship Challenge winners work to reduce car accidents in Kuwait
Entrepreneurs tackle local issues at Kuwait Global Technopreneurship Challenge

Engineering competitions
Business plan competitions
Holmium–magnesium–zinc quasicrystal. A holmium–magnesium–zinc (Ho–Mg–Zn) quasicrystal is a quasicrystal made of an alloy of the three metals holmium, magnesium and zinc that has the shape of a regular dodecahedron, a Platonic solid with 12 five-sided faces. Unlike the similar pyritohedron shape of some cubic-system crystals such as pyrite, this quasicrystal has faces that are true regular pentagons.

The crystal is part of the R–Mg–Zn family of crystals, where R=Y, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho or Er. They were first discovered in 1994. These form quasicrystals in the stoichiometry around . Magnetically, they form a spin glass at cryogenic temperatures.

While the experimental discovery of quasicrystals dates back to the 1980s, the relatively large, single grain nature of some Ho–Mg–Zn quasicrystals has made them a popular way to illustrate the concept.

See also
 Complex metallic alloys

References

Quasicrystals
Tessellation
Magnesium alloys
Zinc alloys
Rare earth alloys
Holmium
Wasp Flight Systems. Wasp Flight Systems (often called just Wasp Systems) is a British aircraft manufacturer based in Kendal, Cumbria and run by Chris Taylor. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of powered hang gliders in the form of ready-to-fly motorized harnesses for the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules and the European microlight category.

The company was founded in 1998.

The company's sole product is the Wasp SP, a powered hang glider unit. This has gone through several generations of development, including the Wasp SP Mk2, introduced in 2002 and the current production version, the Wasp SP Mk4.

Aircraft

References

External links

Aircraft manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Ultralight aircraft
Powered hang gliders
Rhodium-platinum oxide. Rhodium-platinum oxide (Rh–Pt oxide), or Nishimura's catalyst, is an inorganic compound used as a hydrogenation catalyst.

Uses
Rh–Pt oxide is used to reduce various aromatic compounds to their respective cycloalkanes or saturated heterocycles under mild conditions (i.e. often at room temperature and atmospheric pressure). In this application, Rh–Pt oxide is superior to other group 10 catalysts such as platinum dioxide. Furthermore, the catalyst can be used to carry out the reaction with minimal losses of oxygen containing functional groups via hydrogenolysis.

Preparation
An aqueous solution of rhodium chloride, chloroplatinic acid, and sodium nitrate is evaporated and then fused in a porcelain dish between 460-480°C until the oxides of nitrogen cease (≈10 minutes). The resulting solidified mass is then washed with distilled water and dilute sodium nitrate followed by drying with calcium chloride to yield the catalyst. Typically the ratio of metals used for the catalyst is 3:1 Rh/Pt or 7:3 Rh/Pt.

See also
Rhodium-catalyzed hydrogenation
Rhodium(III) oxide
Wilkinson's catalyst
Platinum black
Platinum on carbon
Palladium on carbon
Birch reduction

References

Hydrogenation catalysts
Rhodium(III) compounds
Platinum(IV) compounds
Transition metal oxides
Wesley G. Bush. Wesley G. Bush is an American systems engineer and business executive. He is the former CEO and chairman of Northrop Grumman, and he is currently a director of General Motors, Dow Inc., and Cisco.

Bush was raised in Morgantown, West Virginia. He has both Bachelor of Science and Master of Science degrees in electrical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He started work as a systems engineer at TRW Inc. in Redondo Beach, California, in 1987. By the early 2000s, he was president and chief executive of its "British-based aeronautical systems." Northrop bought the company in 2002, and took over his contract.

He was chief operating officer of Northrop Grumman from 2003 to 2006, and chief financial officer from 2005 to 2007. He was appointed its president in May 2006, and in January 2010 became chief executive officer. In the same year he moved its headquarters from Los Angeles, California to Falls Church, Virginia, to be closer to The Pentagon and to be more competitive with other companies in the sector. In June 2011 he was appointed chairman. He earned US$10.4 million in 2009, US$22.9 million in 2011, and US$11.70 million in 2012. He resigned as chief executive in July of 2018, and as chairman with effect from July 2019. On June 27th, two weeks prior to his resignation, a scathing independent review outlined the 14-year delay, 19x budget overrun, and numerous human errors made by Northrop Grumman in the construction of the James Webb Space Telescope, which led to Wes testifying before congress on July 26th. 

Bush is on the executive committee of the board of governors of the Aerospace Industries Association, and – since 2012 – on the board of directors of the Norfolk Southern Corporation. He is a director of Conservation International, a trustee of the United States Naval Academy Foundation, and a former trustee of the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum.

He was inducted into the West Virginia Business Hall of Fame in 2003.

Bush was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2015 for engineering leadership in national security.

He is married to Natalie Bush, a nurse. They have three children. With his wife, he endowed a nursing scholarship at West Virginia University.

References

Living people
MIT School of Engineering alumni
American electrical engineers
American chief executives
American chairpersons of corporations
Northrop Grumman people
Directors of Dow Inc.
Year of birth missing (living people)
Businesspeople from Morgantown, West Virginia
Morgantown High School alumni
Columbia-Southern Chemical Corporation. Columbia-Southern Chemical Corporation was a subsidiary of Pittsburgh Plate Glass Company. It produced heavy industrial chemicals for industry and agriculture, including: anhydrous ammonia, caustic soda, chlorine, titanium tetrachloride, and soda ash.

History
During the Second World War, Columbia-Southern produced a line of 200 polymers. CR-39 (CR for "Columbia Resins" and 39 denoting it as the 39th polymer) had qualities suitable for plastic lenses, making it the most noteworthy of the polymers. CR-39 is commonly used in the manufacturing of plastic eyeglass lenses.

Ammonia was in short supply after the end of World War II; Columbia-Southern was expected to begin producing the chemical in late 1954. Around that same time, the company had a grant program, which gave money to many universities to test new agricultural chemicals on an array of crops under varied conditions.

It has been claimed that Columbia-Southern lost over $845,000 due to unpaid invoices and seizure of property because of Fidel Castro's government nationalization in Cuba.

Locations
Chemical plant locations included Barberton, Ohio, Bartlett, California, Corpus Christi, Texas, Jersey City, New Jersey, Lake Charles, Louisiana, and New Martinsville, West Virginia in the United States, along with Beauharnois, Quebec in Canada.

References

Further reading
 "More than meets the Eye: The stories behind the development of plastic lenses". Brunei, Joseph. PPG Corporation.

Chemical companies of the United States
Chemical companies of Canada
PPG Industries