omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Orlogsværftet O-Maskinen. The Orlogsværftet O-Maskinen was a military training/multi-purpose biplane developed by the Orlogsværftet Flying Machine Workshop in 1926. Two versions were created: the two seat IO (14 produced) and single seat IIO (1 produced).

Specifications
Specifications are for IO unless otherwise noted.

Construction:	Welded steel tubing and canvas 
Seats: 2 (1 for IIO)
Wing span: 10.66 m
Length	8.4 m
Height	2.7 m
Weight empty: 1000 kg
Weight full: 1400 kg
Max speed:	200 km/h
Cruise Speed 150 km/h
Range: 500 km
Max altitude: 	6000 m
Armament (optional): One or two 8 mm Madsen machine guns

One aircraft, registration O-70, crashed on July 23, 1931 while flying in formation with five other IOs in a training flight. Both occupants were killed.

References

 Military equipment of the interwar period
Bo Sea Pearl-class ship. The Bo Sea Pearl class are a series of four roll-on/roll-off (RoRo) ships designed for military/civilian dual use built in the People's Republic of China (PRC) for the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). In peace time, these ships operates as ROPAX for civilian service, and when activated in national emergencies, these ship would act as RoRo ships for PLAN. In their civilian ROPAX role, these ships are designed to carry more than two thousand passengers. Building ships to military requirement cost more than ¥ 60 million in comparison to the less stringent civilian requirement, but this was nonetheless achieved among some opposition. As a result, not only can the three level vehicle decks with clearance of  of these ships carry over three hundred vehicles, but they can also handle large equipment or a vehicle that is over  long,  wide, and weighs 120 tons. These ships are also equipped with helicopter deck. Specification:
Length: 
Beam: 
Tonnage: 
Speed:

References

Auxiliary ships of the People's Liberation Army Navy
Blue Origin NS-19. Blue Origin NS-19 was a crewed New Shepard sub-orbital spaceflight mission operated by Blue Origin that launched on 11 December 2021. The flight was scheduled to launch on 9 December 2021, later delayed to 11 December 2021.

The mission patch of the flight also featured the initials of Glen de Vries who died in a plane crash a month after flying on Blue Origin's previous crewed flight NS-18. The NS-19 crew were the final recipients of the FAA Commercial Space Astronaut Wings, an aviator wings-like badge created by the Federal Aviation Administration to encourage and draw attention to commercial space flight.

Crew 
The NS-19 crew was nicknamed the "Original Six".

The crew of six included Laura Shepard Churchley, daughter of the first U.S. astronaut in space, as well the namesake for the New Shepard spaceflight program, Alan Shepard, and Michael Strahan, a Hall of Fame former New York Giants defensive end, as well as a co-anchor of Good Morning America and analyst for Fox NFL Sunday; both as guests of Blue Origin. Paying passengers included executive Dylan Taylor, investor Evan Dick,  Bess Ventures founder Lane Bess and his child, Cameron. The latter became the first parent and child on the same spaceflight. Cameron Bess became the youngest American at age 23 (Until Karsen Kitchen on NS-26 at age 21 on August 29, 2024.) first to go with a parent, first openly furry, and first openly pansexual to fly to space.

References 

 
 

Space tourism
2021 in spaceflight
Test spaceflights
Aviation history of the United States
Suborbital human spaceflights
2021 in Texas
2021 in aviation
December 2021 in the United States
New Shepard missions
Vijay Atluri. Vijayalakshmi Atluri (born 1956) is an Indian computer scientist specialized in information systems security and database management. She is a professor of management science and information systems at Rutgers Business School – Newark. Atluri is an advisory board member of the computer science department at the University of the People.

Education 
Atluri completed a Bachelors of Technology in Electronics and Communications Engineering at Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada in May 1977. She earned a Masters of Technology in Electronics and Communications Engineering (Controls and Automation) from IIT Kharagpur in June 1979. Atluri graduated in May 1994 with a Ph.D. in Information Technology at George Mason University. Her dissertation was titled Concurrency Control in Multilevel Secure Databases. Her doctoral advisor was Sushil Jajodia.

Career 
Atluri was a lecturer at Acharya Nagarjuna University from August 1980 to December 1982 and again from December 1983 to March 1985. She was a lecturer at Andhra University from December 1982 to December 1983. From March 1985 to August 1990, she was an assistant professor in the department of electronics and communication and computer engineering at Nagarjuna University. 

Atluri was a research assistant in the center for secure information systems at George Mason University from August 1990 to August 1994. 

Atluri joined the faculty of the management doctorate program at Rutgers Business School – Newark in October 1996. In 1996, she won a National Science Foundation CAREER Award. Atluri was an assistant professor from July 1995 to June 2001 and an Associate professor from July 2001 to June 2006. She became a professor in the management science and information systems department in July 2006. Atluri teaches courses in database management, computer information systems, information systems security, electronic commerce, computer architecture, and computer languages. 

In 2010, she joined the advisory board of the computer science department of the University of the People.

Atluri was a computer scientist at the National Institute of Standards and Technology Information Technology Laboratory, Computer Security Division, Systems & Network Security Group from February 2007 to February 2011. From September 2011 to September 2013, she became a program director in the National Science Foundation Division of Information and Intelligent Systems, Information Integration and Informatics and Secure and Trustworthy Cyberspace.

Selected works

References

External links 
 
 

Living people
1956 births
Place of birth missing (living people)
Indian emigrants to the United States
Expatriate academics in the United States
Academic staff of Acharya Nagarjuna University
Academic staff of Andhra University
Rutgers University–Newark faculty
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University alumni
IIT Kharagpur alumni
George Mason University alumni
20th-century Indian women scientists
21st-century Indian women scientists
Indian women computer scientists
20th-century Indian scientists
University of the People people
21st-century Indian scientists
Quantum bogodynamics. Quantum bogodynamics () is a humorous parody of quantum mechanics that describes the universe through interactions of fictional elementary particles, bogons (by analogy to the naming of real elementary particles, e.g. photons; but also from the English word bogus, meaning 'fake').

This theory assumes the existence of three basic phenomena:
 Bogon-emitting sources (such as politicians, used-car dealers, TV preachers, and teleshopping hosts)
 Bogon absorbers (or sinks) (taxpayers and computers),
 Bogosity potential fields.

The Jargon File Glossary describes the theory as follows:

The unit of bogosity is microLenat, proposed by David Jefferson, and was intended as an attack against computer scientist Doug Lenat. "Doug had failed the student on an important exam because the student gave only 'AI is bogus' as his answer to the questions. The slur is generally considered unmerited, but it has nevertheless become a running gag. Some of Doug's friends argue that of course a microLenat is bogus, since it is only one millionth of a Lenat. Others have suggested that the unit should be redesignated after the grad student, as the microReid."

The term comes from hacker culture, where bogons were used to describe units of "bogusness" or failure.

References 

Hacker culture
Computing culture
Julie Grollier. Julie Grollier is a French physicist working in the field of spintronics. She won the Irène Joliot-Curie Prize from the French Academy of Sciences in 2021.

Education and career 
Grollier studied at the French engineering school Supélec, before doing an internship in the Laboratory of Cristallography and Materials Science at the University of Caen Normandy. She then conducted her doctoral research at École normale supérieure Paris-Saclay under the supervision of Nobel Prize laureate Albert Fert, working on magnetization reversal by the injection of spin-current injection. She later joined the University of Groningen in the Netherlands and then the Centre for Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies (formerly known as Institut d'électronique fondamentale, in France), as a postdoctoral fellow working on the magnetization dynamics of nano-magnets. She joined the joint research unit  in 2005.

Recognition
Grollier was awarded the CNRS Silver Medal in 2018, and the Irène Joliot-Curie Prize from the French Academy of Sciences in 2021.

In 2015, she was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS), after a nomination from the APS Topical Group on Magnetism and its Applications, "for measurements of spin-transfer torque dynamics and the development of devices to implement biologically inspired computing".

References

External links 
 

Supélec alumni
Living people
Fellows of the American Physical Society
French physicists
1975 births

 21st-century French scientists
21st-century women scientists
21st-century French physicists
French women physicists
City Brain. City Brain (sometimes treated as an improper noun by sources and rendered as city brain; ) is a software system that utilizes artificial intelligence and data collection for urban management. Developed by Chinese tech company Alibaba Group, the City Brain systems have been adopted by local governments throughout the country as well as in Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia. Currently, these systems are mostly used for traffic management, but they have been used and expanded to cover other needs as well. City Brain systems have been promoted as making cities "smarter" and improving their residents' quality of life. However, the systems have also faced criticism for issues relating to privacy, cost, and their use of surveillance.

History and overview 
The first City Brain system was announced and developed in 2016 by Alibaba Cloud for its home city of Hangzhou. First aiming to curb the city's high level of traffic congestion, it was initially "given control" of traffic lights in Xiaoshan District, where it increased traffic speed by 15%. This led to its adoption by the rest of the city in 2017, where it has seen praise for continuing to reduce congestion and aiding first responders to travel faster. In addition to traffic light management, the system also analyzes camera feeds to detect accidents and alert authorities.  In the following years, many other local governments in China sought their own such systems. 

In addition, Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia, announced its adoption of a City Brain system in 2018 to deal with traffic. City Brain's use in Kuala Lumpur was Alibaba's first overseas implementation of the platform. By September 2019, Alibaba stated that 22 Chinese cities, including Macau, as well as Kuala Lumpur, had City Brain systems. The scope of these systems has expanded, with some being used to track pollution, alert authorities to illegal gatherings and possible conflicts of interest/corruption in government outsourcing, and aid in contact tracing during the COVID-19 pandemic. Some commentators criticized this rapid adoption, pointing out the high cost of the system (often in the range of hundreds of millions of renminbi), questing their usability, especially for smaller communities, and asking if they could be trusted with city residents' personal data and information. Further attention has been brought to issues of privacy, with concerns being brought up over data harvesting, the use of surveillance, and issues with oversight and possible data breaches.

References

External links 
 

Smart cities
Kona 14. The Kona 14 is an American catamaran sailing dinghy that was designed by Lyle Hess as a racer and first built in 1971.

Production
The design was built by Fiberform in the United States, starting in 1971, but it is now out of production.

Design
The Kona 14 is a recreational catamaran, built predominantly of fiberglass. It has a fractional sloop rig. The two hulls each have raked stems, a plumb transoms and transom-hung rudders controlled by a tiller. The hulls have no keel or daggerboards, instead they are curved to provide a keel-effect and to reduce leeway when sailing to windward.

The boat has a draft of  allowing operation in shallow water, beaching or ground transportation on a trailer.

A trapeze may be fitted.

See also
List of sailing boat types

Similar sailboats
Hobie 14

References

Dinghies
1970s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Sailboat type designs by Lyle Hess
Sailboat types built by Fiberform
Applicability. Applicability may refer to:

 Direct applicability, concept of European Union constitutional law that regulations require no implementing legislation within individual member states
 Industrial applicability, a patentability requirement according to which a patent can only be granted for an invention which is susceptible of industrial application
 Applicability, element of the Code scaling, applicability, and uncertainty approach used to identify and quantify overall nuclear reactor uncertainties

See also
 Applicability domain
 Acceptability
XYZ (computer). XYZ was the first Universal Digital Machine from the family of early computers built and launched in Poland in 1958. It was ahead of  by a few months, while the earlier  was not fully launched.

Construction 
XYZ computer was built and launched in Warsaw at ul. Śniadeckich 8, at the premises of the Bureau of Calculations and Programs of the Mathematical Apparatus Department of the Polish Academy of Sciences (later the Institute of Mathematical Machines). The team was led by professor .

XYZ was a laboratory model of a utility machine; the  series was created on the basis of this computer.

The logical organization was modeled on the simplified IBM 701, but the electronics were based on the dynamic flip-flops of the M-20 machine, requiring twice as few lamps. The design of the flip-flops and gates was derived from EMAL, but the vacuum diodes were replaced with germanium ones. The working memory was also derived from the EMAL machine after the improvement. It was a dynamic serial computer that computes in binary arithmetic.

The machine initially had no permanent memory, only RAM based structurally on ultrasound delay in a mercury-filled tubes. It was later expanded with a drum memory, an input-output system implemented through a primitive control console and a card reproducer (later a tape reader/perforator).

The basic fields of use of XYZ were mathematical calculations, and artillery conversion factors for the needs of the army. Programmer  wrote a program for entertainment on it in 1960 - a tic-tac-toe game, using an oscilloscope to present the course of the game. XYZ led to his own win or a draw, because the program includes all the strategies for its conduct. Another demonstrative program written for XYZ was an animation of a dog peeing on a tree (also shown on the oscilloscope screen) created for the visit of the film crew, creating material about the first Polish computer.

Specifications 

Organization:
single-address, dynamic serial computer with circuit control
binary arithmetic, notation of numbers sign-module
word length: 36 bits
speed:
650–4500 additions per second (approximately 1000 average)
250–500 multiplications per second (350 average)
Clock generator: approx. 680 kHz
memory:
mercury working memory:
capacity: 2.25 KiB - 512 words (32 pipes of 576 bits)
average access time : 0.4 ms
drum
fixed heads
capacity: 36 KiB (64 tracks of 128 words)
average access time: 20 ms
External devices: reader and perforator card
Technology: 400 electron tubes and 2000 diodes

Programming languages 
 internal language of the machine
 simple PROBIN assembler
 
 SAKO

References 
Article was partially translated from Polish wiki article, for original see :pl:XYZ.

External links 
 Photo and description
 PTI Historical Section, Short description of the XYZ-I programmable digital machine, historiainformatyki.pl

Polish inventions
Science and technology in Poland
1950s computers
Bukovel (counter unmanned aircraft system). The Bukovel-AD () is a Ukrainian anti-drone electronic warfare system.

Description
The Bukovel-AD is a counter-unmanned aircraft system (CUAS) produced by the Ukrainian firm Proximus. It is designed to detect unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) at up to 100 km range and jam data transmission between the UAV and its controllers at 20 km. It can block GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and Beidou positioning systems. The system can be mounted on various vehicles, as well as on tripods and takes two minutes to deploy.

Operational history
The Ukrainian Armed Forces have used the Bukovel-AD in the war in Donbass, bringing down Russian Orlan-10 drones.

Operators
 
 Armed Forces of Ukraine - several dozen units in service.

 
 Royal Moroccan Army

References

External links 

 Manufacturer's website: Proximus LLC

See also 
Indrajaal Drone Defence Dome

Counter unmanned air systems
Weapons countermeasures
Military equipment introduced in the 2010s
Ukrainian inventions
Crompton Greaves Consumer Electricals. Crompton Greaves Consumer Electricals Limited (also known as Crompton)  is an Indian electrical equipment company based in Mumbai, India. The company has lighting and electrical consumer durables including LED lighting, fans, pumps, and household appliances like water heaters, air coolers, and kitchen appliances.

As of February 2022, the company is indexed with S&P Global BSE Consumer Durables Index.

History 
The company was established in 1937 as Crompton Parkinson Works Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Crompton Parkinson. In 1947, it was acquired by Karam Chand Thapar. The company was established in 2016 as an outcome of the demerger of Crompton Greaves Limited which separated the latter's consumer goods business from the power and industrial systems segment. The demerger plan was announced in July 2014 and it was completed in 2016 with the creation of CG Power and Industrial Solutions and Crompton Greaves Consumer Electricals Limited. At the time of demerger, Gautam Thapar, the former chairman of combined Crompton Greaves Limited, sold his 34% stake in CGCEL to Advent International and Temasek Holdings for ₹2000 crore.

Crompton's operation is divided into two segments: one is Electrical consumer durables (ECD) which include fans, appliances, and pumps. The other one is Lightings which includes LED and Non-LEDs products. Under the ECD, the company holds 26% market share in fans business.

As of September 2020, the company has manufacturing facilities at Goa, Vadodara, Ahmednagar and Baddi. And one R&D centre at Vikhroli, in the suburb of Mumbai.

Controversies 
In November 2017, Reuters reported instances of "prescient messages" regarding the performance of 12 Indian companies in WhatsApp groups and it included Crompton. The information contained upcoming quarterly results, including specific metrics such as net profits, revenues, and operating margins. At that time, the matter was investigated by India's Securities and Exchange Board of India for insider trading by brokers. Later, in 2021, the Securities Appellate Tribunal (SAT) set aside the SEBI's order because the latter was failed to prove insider trading connection among and between the brokers.

References 

Companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India
Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange
Indian companies established in 1937
Indian companies established in 2016
Electronics companies of India
Consumer electronics brands
Home appliance manufacturers of India
Electronics companies established in 2016
2016 establishments in Maharashtra
Kenyaite. Kenyaite is a mineral and is a peculiar sodium silicate having a layered structure. It has a chemical formula of Na2Si22O41(OH)8 • 6H2O, which means it is made up of variations of different materials including sodium, silicon, hydrogen, and oxygen. The chemical composition of kenyaite is subject to change: when the interlayer of water has different variations; it undergoes different physical conditions; by partial to full exchange of the sodium ions by protons when kenyaite comes into contact with water. This is typical for intracrystalline reactive materials.

Name 
The name kenyaite derives from Kenya as this is the location where it was first discovered.

Physical properties 
Kenyaite is white in colour and can range from being transparent to translucent. It has a hardness of roughly 4 on Mohs scale of mineral hardness. Kenyaite has a white streak and a density of 3.18. This mineral has a molecular mass of 1,563.99 gm/mol. The mineral habits within kenyaite can be described as concretionary and nodular. These nodules range in size and shape.

Reactions 

Kenyaite has been shown to form from the leaching of magadiite, and also from evaporating saline brines in playa evaporite alkaline lake deposits. It can be transformed into quartz when kenyaite decomposes.

Distribution of Deposits 
Kenyaite is found in different parts of the globe including, near Trinity Lake, California, Kafra, Niger, and Lake Magadi in Kenya.

References 

Sodium minerals
Phyllosilicates
Barry Dwolatzky. Barry Dwolatzky (29 April 1952 – 16 May 2023) was a South African software engineer. He was a professor emeritus at the University of the Witwatersrand Joburg Centre for Software Engineering. Dwolatzky was on University of the People's computer science advisory board. He was an anti-apartheid activist and in the late 1980s he joined the African National Congress's armed wing, Umkhonto we Sizwe ("spear of the nation").

Education 

Dwolatzky completed a Bachelors of Science degree in 1975 and a Ph.D. in 1979, both in electrical engineering at the University of the Witwatersrand. He was a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology and GEC Marconi.

Career 

In 1989, Dwolatzky joined University of the Witwatersrand as a senior lecturer, becoming a full professor in 2000. He was an emeritus professor at the Joburg Centre for Software Engineering. Dwolatzky was on University of the People's computer science advisory board.

Dwolatzky was a fellow of the South African Institute of Electrical Engineers and The Institute of IT Professionals South Africa (IITPSA).

Death 

Dwolatzky died in Johannesburg on 16 May 2023, at the age of 71.

References

External links 
 
 

1950s births
Year of birth uncertain
2023 deaths
Place of birth missing
20th-century South African engineers
South African electrical engineers
Software engineers
21st-century South African engineers
University of the Witwatersrand alumni
Academic staff of the University of the Witwatersrand
University of the People people
South African computer programmers
White South African anti-apartheid activists
South African anti-apartheid activists
Hana Hussien Naghawi. Hana Hussein Naghawi (born March 3, 1971), a Jordanian civil engineering professor of Circassian origin.

On October 14, 2019, Naghawi became the first woman to be awarded a professor's position in civil engineering in Jordan. Louisiana State University indicated on its website that Naghawi "made history." Naghawi was also the first woman to awarded a professorship in all engineering disciplines within the University of Jordan, after working in university teaching for nine years.

References

1971 births
Living people
University of Jordan alumni
Louisiana State University people
Jordanian engineers
Academic staff of the University of Jordan