omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Protactinium tetraiodide. Protactinium tetraiodide is a binary inorganic compound of protactinium metal and iodine with the chemical formula .

Synthesis
Protactinium tetraiodide can be prepared by reducing the pentaiodide with aluminum at about 400 °C:

Also, a reaction of hydrogen reduction of protactinium(V) iodide at 400 °C:

Physical properties
The compound forms black or dark green crystals. The structure is not known.

Chemical properties
The compound is oxidized by antimony trioxide when heated in a vacuum:

The compound also reacts with quartz when heated:

References

Protactinium compounds
Iodine compounds
Iodides
Anand Prakash. Anand Prakash is an Indian ethical hacker and entrepreneur from Rajasthan. He is the Founder & CEO of PingSafe, which SentinelOne acquired. He was named in Forbes 30 Under 30 2017 Asia list.

Early life and education

Prakash was born in Bhadra, Rajasthan, India. He studied B.Tech Computer Science at Vellore Institute of Technology.

Career

He started his career in 2014 as a security engineer at Flipkart. After this, in 2016, he started a red teaming startup named AppSecure. Then, in 2021, another company named PingSafe was established, which was acquired in 2024 by American cyber security company SentinelOne for over $100 million.

Notable works

 He found a bug in 2016 on Facebook which allowed the takeover of any account.
 He discovered a bug in Uber in 2017 that allowed anyone to take Uber rides for free.
 In 2018, he found a security flaw in Tinder, after which he was given a reward of .
 In 2019, he found a bug in Uber, after which he was given a reward of $5500.
 In April 2023, he found a "security flaw" in LinkedIn that could have led to deletion of any posts.

References

Living people
Indian technology writers
People from Rajasthan
Vellore Institute of Technology alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
José Rafael Marcano. José Rafael Marcano Santelli is a Venezuelan engineer and videogame developer.

First years and education 
José Rafael discovered programming at the age of eleven and has stated that by that time he decided that it was the profession he wanted to pursue. His first video game console was an Atari 2600 in the late 1970s. He began studying with specialized books and magazines, as well as learning English, and started saving part of his allowance to buy a computer. His parents decided to make up the rest of the price to buy an 8-bit Sinclair. Later he was able to acquire a 16k memory computer and with them he learned to program in BASIC.

He began studying systems engineering at the Universidad Metropolitana in Caracas, culminating his studies at the International Computing School, in the Chacao municipality.

Career 
In 1995 he founded the Mediatech videogame studio with three partners, a project he had always wanted to carry out, and in 1996 he launched the educational videogame series "Las aventuras de Umi", which included the 1999 title "Umi en la selva". At the time, Mediatech was one of only two or three video game developers in Latin America, and Las aventuras de Umi sold more than 350,000 copies, a very successful release. The studio also worked with the Children's Museum of Caracas, for which more than ten advergames were developed. The first exhibit worked on was Biomes, for the Ecology area of the Museum. According to Marcano, Mediatech's contact with the Museum was kept between 1994 and 2014, and the company developed at least 80% of the interactive kiosks in the institution.

In 1999, José Rafael obtained authorization to develop Mazinger Z video games on PCs from Gō Nagai, the creator of the franchise, during a visit of the mangaka to Caracas. After the authorization, the videogames "Mazinger versus Big Mazinger", in 2001, and "Mazinger Z saves Venezuela", in 2004, were released.

In 2015, José Rafael migrated with his family to Bogotá, Colombia.

References

External links 

 
 
 
 

Venezuelan emigrants to Colombia
Video game programmers
Venezuelan engineers
Universidad Metropolitana alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
List of preserved Lockheed aircraft. This article is a list of aircraft that were manufactured by the Lockheed Corporation and its successor Lockheed Martin Corporation, and are in preservation, most of them are on static display while some are stored and awaiting their current status.

Currently preserved

C-5 Galaxy

L-1011 Tristar

L-1049 Super Constellation

Vega

Formerly preserved, scrapped

RAF Tristar

References 

Lockheed Martin
Lockheed aircraft
Lockheed Martin aircraft
Borumba Dam Pumped Hydro Power Station. The Borumba Dam Pumped Hydro Power Station is a proposed 2,000 MW pumped hydro energy storage system at Lake Borumba, located in Imbil, south-west of Gympie in Queensland, Australia. First power is expected in 2030. A state-owned entity called Queensland Hydro is coordinating the project.

The land for the pumped hydro scheme was purchased by the Bjelke-Petersen state government following a Cabinet decision in August 1985. Plans for the scheme were announced in September 2022. The project is expected to cost $14.2 billion.  Borumba Dam will be expanded for the project. A new dam wall is to be constructed downstream. A second reservoir is needed to be constructed.  It will be built at a higher altitude than Borumba Dam.

See also

List of pumped-storage hydroelectric power stations
Renewable energy in Australia

References

Gympie Region
Proposed renewable energy power stations in Australia
Lithium bis(oxalate)borate. Lithium bis(oxalate)borate is the inorganic compound with the formula .  A white solid, it is used as an electrolyte in some lithium batteries.  It is one of several borate oxalates.

According to X-ray crystallography, solid LiBOB consists of tetrahedral  anions linked by Li+ cations.

References

 
Oxalates
Oxaboroles
Heidi Ploeg. Heidi-Lynn Ploeg (born 1965) is a Canadian biomechanical engineer, a professor in the Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering and Chair for Women in Engineering at Queen's University at Kingston in Ontario. Her research involves the biomechanics of bone and bone implants, and the use of motion capture in biomedical applications.

Education and career
Ploeg was a student of mechanical engineering at Queen's University. She earned a bachelor's degree there in 1988, and a master's degree in 1991. From 1992 to 2002 she worked as a researcher and project manager for Centerpulse Orthopedics, a Swiss company in Winterthur; during this time she continued her studies at Queen's University, and completed a Ph.D. in 2000.

From 2003 to 2018 she worked at the University of Wisconsin–Madison as an assistant and associate professor of mechanical engineering. In 2018 she returned to Queen's University as an associate professor, and in 2022 she was promoted to full professor. She was named as the inaugural Queen's Chair for Women in Engineering in 2020.

Recognition
Ploeg was named as an ASME Fellow in 2021, and as a Fellow of the Orthopaedic Research Society in 2024.

References

External links
Meet Queen's Engineering professor Dr. Heidi Ploeg (video)

1965 births
Living people
Canadian bioengineers
Canadian mechanical engineers
Canadian women engineers
Women bioengineers
Women mechanical engineers
Queen's University at Kingston alumni
University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty
Academic staff of Queen's University at Kingston
Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
German trawler V 621 Mars. Mars was a German fishing trawler which was built in 1937. She was requisitoned by the Kriegsmarine during the Second World War. She was used as a minesweeper under the Pennant numbers M 1402 and M 4413, and later as the Vorpostenboot V 621 Mars. She was lost in an Allied air attack in July 1944.

Description
The ship was  long, with a beam of . She had a depth of . She was assessed at , . She was powered by a diesel engine, which had 8 cylinders of  diameter by  stroke. The engine was built by Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, Köln, Germany. It was rated at 94 nhp. It drove a single screw propeller. It could propel the ship at .

History
Mars was built as yard number 116 by Schulte & Bruns, Emden, Germany. She was launched on 8 June 1937 and completed on 7 August. She was owned by the Dollart Heringfischerei AG, Emden Her port of registry was Emden. She was allocated the Code Letters DGLF, and the fishing boat registration AE 91.

On 10 September 1939, Mars was requisitioned by the Kriegsmarine, serving with 14 Minensuchflotille as the minesweeper M 1402. On 12 April 1942, she was reallocated to 44 Minensuchflotille and her pennant number was changed to M 4413. On 1 January 1943, she was designated as a vorpostenboot. She was allocated to 6 Vorpostenflotille as V 621 Mars. On 15 July 1944, she was attacked off La Pallice, Charente-Inférieure, France by two Allied aircraft and set afire. She was beached on Belle Île, Morbihan, where she burnt out. Mars was a total loss. V 624 Köln was severely damaged in the attack.

References

Sources

1937 ships
Ships built in Emden
Fishing vessels of Germany
World War II merchant ships of Germany
Auxiliary ships of the Kriegsmarine
Maritime incidents in July 1944
Shipwrecks in the Bay of Biscay
Ships sunk by aircraft
Gibering Bol Alima. Gibering Bol Alima was a Cameroonian political figure. An agronomist engineer by training, he held administrative and then political functions as minister, ambassador and deputy.

Early life and education 
Born on February 20, 1942, in Mbanga in the Littoral region of Cameroon, he did his secondary studies at the Lycée Général Leclerc in Yaoundé, where he obtained the Baccalaureate in elementary mathematics in 1962.

Then admitted to the École Nationale Supérieure Agronomic, he obtained his agronomic engineer diploma in 1966.

In the meantime, he also obtained the Certificate of Higher Studies in Physical Sciences at the Federal University of Cameroon in 1965.

In 1968 he graduated from the École supérieure d'agronomie tropical de Nogent-sur-Marne in France. In 1969, he graduated from Orstom in Paris in the field of research Agronomy. And to complete his studies, he obtained the PHD. in Agronomy in 1978 at the University of London.

Career 
Administratively, Gibering Bol Alima occupied several positions:

Head of the Haut-Nyong agricultural district in Abong-Mbang (1966–1967) 
Deputy Director of ENSA (1970–1975) 
Co-director of the FAO/ENSA project (1973–1976)
Director of ENSA (1975–1979)
Director General of the University Center of Dschang cumulatively with his functions as Director of ENSA from August 7, 1978.

He held several political positions:
Minister of Planning and Industry (April 12, 1983 – February 4, 1984) 
Minister of Higher Education and Scientific Research (February 4, 1984 – August 24, 1985)
Ambassador of Cameroon to the United Kingdom (January 22, 1987 – October 5, 1994).
Member of the Central Committee of the Cameroonian National Union from 1980 to 1985, where he served as Deputy Secretary for Youth.

In May 1997, during the 1997 Cameroonian parliamentary election, he was elected Cameroon People's Democratic Movement deputy from Mbam-et-Inoubou to the National Assembly until his death on July 30, 1999 at the Yaoundé General Hospital.

Publications 
"Development and use of human resources in Cameroon", (Clé editions, Yaoundé, 1984). Preliminary studies on the biological effects of cutting height on the growth and development of Stylosauthes gracilis HBK'''. 
"Rapport de stage de deuxième année" ("Second year internship report"). Biology Series, 1974, (23), pp. 57-65. Study at the Adiopodoumé Laboratory in Ivory Coast. ORSTOM, 1969, 85 p. multigr.

 References 

 Bibliography Historical Dictionary of the Republic of Cameroon'' (Historical Dictionaries of Africa book 113) 4th Edition, by Mark Dike DeLancey, Rebecca Neh Mbuh, Mark W. DeLancey, Publisher: Scarecrow Press; 4 edition (May 3, 2010), 

1942 births
1999 deaths
Members of the National Assembly (Cameroon)
Higher education ministers of Cameroon
Cameroon People's Democratic Movement politicians
High commissioners of Cameroon to the United Kingdom
20th-century agronomists
Alumni of the University of London
People from Littoral Region (Cameroon)
Californium tetrafluoride. Californium tetrafluoride is a binary inorganic compound of californium and fluorine with the formula .

Synthesis
Californium tetrafluoride can be prepared from  and  at 400 °C.

Also californium tetrafluoride is produced by β-decay of .

Physical properties
Californium tetrafluoride is a light green solid. It possesses a monoclinic  structure.

Chemical properties
 decomposes to californium trifluoride when heated:

References

Californium compounds
Fluorides
Actinide halides
Atobá XR. The Atobá XR is a remotely controlled unmanned combat aerial vehicle capable of autonomous flight and attack operations under development by the company Stella Tecnologia primarily for the Brazilian Armed Forces. The Atobá XR is the first Brazilian hunter-killer UAV designed for long-endurance and high-altitude surveillance operations.

The Atobá XR is a development from the reconnaissance drone Atobá already in operation, with specifications defined by the Brazilian Air Force, as revealed by the CEO of Stella, Gilberto Buffara, in April 2024 during the LAAD Security & Defence. The Atobá XR will be able to carry battlefield intelligence, reconnaissance, patrol and attack missions in up to 35 hours of duration.

Specifications

See also

References

Airborne military robots
Signals intelligence
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Unmanned aerial vehicles of Brazil
Single-engined turboprop aircraft
Unmanned military aircraft of Brazil
Thorium triiodide. Thorium triiodide is a binary inorganic compound of thorium metal and iodine with the chemical formula .

Synthesis
Th metal is heated with  in a vacuum at 800 °C.

Physical properties
The compound forms black or grey crystals.

Chemical properties
 reacts with water.

References 

Thorium compounds
Nuclear materials
Iodides
Actinide halides
Airbus Atlantic. Airbus Atlantic is an aeronautics company, fully owned by the Airbus Group. The company was created on January 1, 2022 with the merging of Stelia Aerospace and the Airbus-owned factories in Bouguenais and Montoir-de-Bretagne. It is headquartered in Colomiers, France.

Airbus Atlantic focuses on the creation and manufacturing of aerostructures, and seats for Airbus pilots and passengers of first and business classes.

References 

French companies established in 2022
Airbus subsidiaries and divisions
Manufacturing companies established in 2022
T Zen. T Zen (stylised Tzen) is a bus rapid transit network managed by Île-de-France Mobilités and operating in the Île-de-France region.

History

Overview 
 7 October 2009: The Syndicat des transports d'Île-de-France (STIF) plans the creation of a bus rapid transit service 
 Autumn 2009: Works begin on the creation of , planned to run from Sénart to Corbeil-Essonnes
 9 December 2009: An Iveco Bus Crealis Neo, is presented to journalists and elected officials, allowing them to see a what a potential T Zen bus could look like 
 22 September 2010: Jean-Paul Huchon, then-leader of STIF, presents the future lines of the network when he visits a Line 1 construction site:
 T Zen 1 : Lieusaint - Moissy station (Sénart) – Corbeil-Essonnes 
 T Zen 2 : Carré Sénart – Melun 
 T Zen 3 : Porte de Pantin or Jules Ladoumègue – Livry-Gargan (via RN 3) 
 T Zen 4 : Corbeil-Essonnes – Évry-Courcouronnes – Grigny 
 T Zen 5 : Saclay – Massy 
 T Zen 6 : Garges-lès-Gonesse / Villiers-le-Bel – Villepinte
 4 October 2010: The STIF approves the financing agreement for studies and consultation on constructing T Zen Lines 3 and 4 
 2 May to 11 June 2011: A public consultation is held about the construction of Line 3;
 8 June 2011 : A presentation of the Tzen network is held. In comparison to the original announcement by Huchon, the project underwent some changes. The plans for the Garges-lès-Gonesse - Villepinte and Saclay - Massy routes were abandoned in exchange for a new route running from the 13th arrondissement of Paris at Bibliothèque nationale de France to Les Ardoines and Choisy-le-Roi. Other branches and sections were also studied to enhance the T Zen network, including branches recommended in an Île-de-France report known as the Plan de Mobilisation.
 T Zen 1 : Lieusant - Moissy (Sénart) – Corbeil-Essonnes 
 T Zen 2 : Carré Sénart – Melun
 T Zen 3 : Porte de Pantin ou Jules Ladoumègue – Livry-Gargan (via RN 3) 
 T Zen 4 : Corbeil-Essonnes – Évry-Courcouronnes – Grigny 
 T Zen 5 : Bibliothèque François-Mitterrand – Les Ardoines (Vitry-sur-Seine)
 4 July 2011: Line 1 opens
 6 July 2011: Confirmation that Line 5 will run to Choisy-le-Roi.

Characteristics 

T Zen is a bus rapid transit network running on segregated rights-of-way, inspired by the Nantes Busway and the Cristalis bus routes in Lyon. It is similar to the RATP's Trans-Val-de-Marne. The line operators were chosen directly by Île-de-France Mobilités and sent offers.

References

Transport in Île-de-France
Bus rapid transit
Rickshaw van. A rickshaw van () or van-gari () is a three-wheeled bicycle with a large wooden platform on the back part, used primarily to transport people and goods. It is a common mode of transportation in Bangladesh and India, popular because of its cheap price. Furthermore, it does not require fossil fuels or cause air pollution. 

The wooden platform is approximately four foot square. Sometimes, steel is used in the platform for durability. It can carry up to approximately 330 kg loads or seven people. Sometimes, it is used as an ambulance. It can be also used as a mobile cart to sell goods particularly among those of lower income groups. 

One or more chains are used to connect the pedal with the back two wheels. The work can be very strenuous. However, some of the vehicles are battery-operated. This enables physically challenged individuals to be van-gari drivers.

References 

Rickshaws
Vans
Thermophone. A thermophone is a type of transducer that converts an electrical signal into heat, which then becomes sound. It can be thought of as a type of loudspeaker that uses heat fluctuations to produce sound, instead of mechanical vibration.

The basic principle of the thermophone has been known since the 19th century. Thermophones have been used to calibrate acoustical apparatus (like microphones) since the 20th century. In recent years, the name thermoacoustic speaker has also been used.

Beginnings

Thermoacoustics is the study of the interaction between heat and sound. It is the basis of the thermophone. Byron Higgins in 1802 reported "singing flames" which occurred when the necks of jars were put over a hydrogen gas flame. Sondhauss (1850) and Rijke (1859) performed further experiments. A theory of thermoacoustics was produced by Lord Rayleigh in 1878.

The theory and practice of creating sound with electric heat emerged in the late 19th century. In 1880, William Henry Preece observed that, upon connecting a microphone transmitter to a platinum wire, sounds were produced:
 In 1917, Harold D. Arnold and  of Bell Labs developed a quantitative theory for the thermophone. Since then, thermophones have been used as a precision device for microphone calibration. However, they did not see widespread use elsewhere due to their poor efficiency.

Description
When alternating current is passed through a thin conductor, that conductor periodically heats up and cools down following the variations in current strength. This periodic heating and cooling creates temperature waves which the conductor propagates into the surroundings. As the temperature waves propagate away from the conductor, the thermal expansion and contraction of the transmission medium (e.g. air) produces corresponding sound waves. 

An ideal thermophone is made of a conductor which is very thin and has a small heat capacity.

Modern thermophones
In 1999, Shinouda and others presented a porous doped sillicon thermophone for ultrasonic emission. In 2008, Xiao et al. reported a thermophone made of carbon nanotubes. Since then, there has been a resurgence of research into thermophones and thermoacoustics. New materials for thermophones are being explored, and thermophones have been created using VLSI processes (like integrated circuits are).

References

Transducers
Electrical components
19th-century inventions
Solid state engineering
German trawler V 622 Almuth. Almuth was a German fishing trawler which was built in 1937. She was requisitoned by the Kriegsmarine during the Second World War. She was used as a minesweeper under the Pennant numbers M 1403 and M 4414, and later as the Vorpostenboot V 622 Almuth. She struck a mine and sank in June 1944.

Description
The ship was  long, with a beam of . She had a depth of . She was assessed at , . She was powered by a diesel engine, which had 8 cylinders of  diameter by  stroke. The engine was built by Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, Köln, Germany. It was rated at 94 nhp. It drove a single screw propeller. It could propel the ship at .

History
Almuth was built as yard number 117 by Schulte & Bruns, Emden, Germany. She was launched on 5 May 1937 and completed on 8 July. She was owned by the Leerer Heringfischerei AG, Leer. Her port of registry was Leer. She was allocated the Code Letters DGLA, and the fishing boat registration AL 36.

On 11 September 1939, Almuth was requisitioned by the Kriegsmarine, serving with 14 Minensuchflotille as the minesweeper M 1403. On 12 April 1942, she was reallocated to 44 Minensuchflotille and her pennant number was changed to M 4414. On 1 January 1943, she was designated as a vorpostenboot. She was allocated to 6 Vorpostenflotille as V 622 Almuth. On 5 June 1944, she struck a mine off Saint-Nazaire, Loire-Inférieure, France (). She was taken in tow but consequently sank.

References

Sources

1937 ships
Ships built in Emden
Fishing vessels of Germany
World War II merchant ships of Germany
Auxiliary ships of the Kriegsmarine
Maritime incidents in June 1944
Shipwrecks in the Bay of Biscay
Ships sunk by mines