omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Hamburger Flugzeugbau Ha 135. The Hamburger Flugzeugbau Ha 135 was the first aircraft produced by the new aircraft subsidiary of the German company Blohm & Voss.

Development
The two-seat biplane manufactured by the Hamburger Flugzeugbau subsidiary of Blohm & Voss was a means of giving the company experience in making modern metal components for civil and military aircraft. It was developed as a trainer for the German Ministry of Aviation. After it proved unsuccessful in this role, the company sold it as a sport aircraft.

Operational history
The first prototype, designated the Ha 135 V1 (company production number 101, registration D-EXIL), made its first flight on 28 April 1934. After the company used it for flight development with a BMW-Bramo Sh 14A engine installed, the German Air Sports Association flew it as a sport aircraft.

The second prototype, designated the Ha 135 V2 (company production number 102, registration D-EKEN), made its first flight on 30 April 1934. The Hamburger Flugzeugbau used it for flight characteristics and performance tests beginning on 14 July 1934. It also later flew as a sport aircraft with the German Air Sports Association.

Hamburger Flugzeugbau manufactured four more Ha 135s before production ceased.

Specifications

References

Ha 135
1930s German military trainer aircraft
1930s German sport aircraft
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1934
Voiland College of Engineering and Architecture. The Voiland College of Engineering and Architecture is one of eleven colleges at Washington State University.

History
The Voiland College of Engineering and Architecture was established in 1917 as the College of Mechanical Arts and Engineering upon the reorganization of the State College of Washington, but its roots trace back to the original establishment of Washington State University in 1890 that included a mechanical engineering program. The college was renamed in 2014 in recognition of Gene Voiland, a 1969 alumnus of the college, and his wife Linda's ongoing contributions to the college and industries.

Academic departments and programs
The college is structured into five departments:
The Gene and Linda Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
School of Design and Construction, with programs in architecture, interior design, landscape architecture, and construction management
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering

References

External links

Washington State University
Universities and colleges established in 1917
Engineering schools and colleges in the United States
Engineering universities and colleges in Washington (state)
1917 establishments in Washington (state)
Education in Whitman County, Washington
Frontiers in Energy. Frontiers in Energy is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal on energy. It is published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Higher Education Press. The editors-in-chief are Shilie Weng (Shanghai Jiao Tong University), Weidou Ni (Tsinghua University), and Suping Peng (China University of Mining and Technology). The journal was established in 2007 as Frontiers of Energy and Power Engineering in China, before obtaining its current title.

Abstracting and indexing 
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:

References

External links 

Energy and fuel journals
Quarterly journals
English-language journals
Springer Science+Business Media academic journals
Academic journals established in 2007
Academic journals of China
Conductive elastomer. A conductive elastomer is a form of elastomer, often natural rubber or other rubber substitute, that is manufactured to conduct electricity. This is commonly accomplished by distributing carbon or other conductive particles throughout the raw material prior to setting it. Carbon black and silica are common additives to induce conductivity in elastomers. Silica has been studied more so than other additives due to its low cost however, its conductance is also lower. These additives can not only enable conductance but can increase the mechanical properties of the elastomer.

Conductive elastomers are often pressure-sensitive, with their conductivity varying with the amount of pressure put on it, and can be used to make pressure sensors.

Other uses of conductive elastomers include conductive flexible seals and gaskets, and conductive mats used to prevent electrostatic damage to electronic devices. These elastomers also have uses in the energy industry, where they could be used to make flexible solar cells or stretchable devices for converting mechanical energy to electrical energy. Making solar cells and various sensors able to stretch and bend would allow them to be incorporated into wearable electronics.

Recently, there has also been focus on preparation of elastomers that do not lose conductivity upon stretching. A novel approach for the design of an elastomer that actually increases conductivity with strain has recently been published.

See also 
 Metal rubber
 Magnetorheological elastomer
 Elastomeric connector

References 

Elastomers
Composite materials
M. Sam Mannan. M. Sam Mannan (November 10, 1954 – September 11, 2018) was an American chemical engineer who was professor of chemical engineering at Texas A&M University. He was also the director of the Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center of the Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station.

Early life and education
Mannan was born in Comilla, Bangladesh, in 1954. He earned his bachelor's degree in 1978 from the Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology in Dhaka. Then he went on to the University of Oklahoma, where he earned a master's degree (1983) and Ph.D. (1986) in chemical engineering.

Professional life
After graduating in 1986, Mannan was hired as an assistant professor with the School of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science at the University of Oklahoma. He remained at the University of Oklahoma until 1990, when he became the Division Director for RMT, Inc., a nationwide engineering services company. In 1994, he was appointed Vice President of RMT, Inc.

With encouragement from his mentor Trevor Kletz, Mannan left industry in 1997 to accept the position of  director of the Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center and associate professor at Texas A&M University. He was a registered professional engineer in the states of Texas and Louisiana and was a Certified Safety Professional.

External links
 Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center
 Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering
 Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station

References

1954 births
2018 deaths
University of Oklahoma alumni
American chemical engineers
Texas A&M University faculty
American people of Bangladeshi descent
People from Comilla
Safety researchers
McCallum Lock Gates. The McCallum Lock Gates comprise a bridge over a set of lock gates connecting East Beira Lake and the Colombo Harbour. Built between 1951 and 1956 by the Colombo Public Works Department to facilitate barge traffic between ships docked in the harbour and ports on the Kalani river. The bridge connected the Fort to the D.R. Wijewardena Mawatha.

Opened by Sir John Kotelawala, Prime Minister of Ceylon, one of the designed engineers in involved in its design was A. N. S. Kulasinghe then a harbour engineer. In 2011 the lock which had fallen out of use was rehabilitated as part of the Metro Colombo Urban Development Project.

References

Bridges completed in 1956
Bridges in Colombo
Locks of Sri Lanka
Behavior selection algorithm. In artificial intelligence, a behavior selection algorithm, or action selection algorithm, is an algorithm that selects appropriate behaviors or actions for one or more intelligent agents. In game artificial intelligence, it selects behaviors or actions for one or more non-player characters. Common behavior selection algorithms include:

Finite-state machines
Hierarchical finite-state machines
Decision trees
Behavior trees
Hierarchical task networks
Hierarchical control systems
Utility systems
Dialogue tree (for selecting what to say)

Related concepts 

In application programming, run-time selection of the behavior of a specific method is referred to as the strategy design pattern.

See also 
 AI alignment
 Artificial intelligence detection software
 Cognitive model - all cognitive models exhibit behavior in terms of making decisions (taking action), making errors, and with various reaction times.
 Behavioral modeling, in systems theory
 Behavioral modeling in hydrology
 Behavioral modeling in computer-aided design
 Behavioral modeling language
 Case-based reasoning, solving new problems based on solutions of past problems
 Model-based reasoning
 Synthetic intelligence
 Weak AI

References 

Artificial intelligence engineering
Game artificial intelligence
Algorithms
Computational neuroscience
Psychological models
Cybernetics
Athletics at the 2015 African Games – Men's 100 metres. The men's 100 metres event at the 2015 African Games was held on 13 and 14 September.

Medalists

Results

Heats
Qualification: First 3 in each heat (Q) and the next 6 fastest (q) advanced to the semifinals.

Wind:Heat 1: +0.4 m/s, Heat 2: -0.8 m/s, Heat 3: +0.2 m/s, Heat 4: -0.3 m/s, Heat 5: 0.0 m/s, Heat 6: +0.9 m/s

Semifinals
Qualification: First 2 in each semifinal (Q) and the next 2 fastest (q) advanced to the final.

Wind:Heat 1: +0.3 m/s, Heat 2: +0.3 m/s, Heat 3: +0.3 m/s

Final
Wind: -2.1 m/s

References

100
2015
Sesquifulvalene. Sesquifulvalene or pentaheptafulvalene is a hydrocarbon in the fulvalene class with chemical formula C12H10. It is composed of linked cyclopentadiene and cycloheptatriene rings.

Properties
In the ground state, which is a singlet state, the central double bond is polarized, with a partial positive charge on the carbon atom of heptagonal ring and a partial negative charge on the carbon atom of pentagonal ring. This shift makes each ring have closer to 4n+2 π electrons, in keeping with the Hückel's pattern of aromatic stability. However, in the lowest quintet state, the central double bond is polarized with a partial negative charge on the carbon atom of heptagonal ring and a partial positive charge on the carbon atom of pentagonal ring due to Baird's rule.

See also 
 Tropone
 Biphenyl

References

Fulvalenes
Trio-Twister 203. The Trio-Twister 203 is a German powered parachute that was designed by Siegfried Stolle and produced by Trio-Twister of Eichwalde. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

The aircraft was introduced in 2005 and production ended when the company went out of business later in 2005.

Design and development
The Trio-Twister 203 was designed to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category, including the category's maximum gross weight of . The aircraft has a maximum gross weight of . It carries a German DULV certification. It features a parachute-style wing, two-place accommodation in side-by-side configuration, tricycle landing gear and one  two cylinder, two-stroke, air-cooled Hirth 3202 aircraft engine mounted in pusher configuration.

The aircraft carriage is a simple frame design with a central canopy attachment, built from bolted aluminium tubing. In flight steering is accomplished via foot pedals that actuate the canopy brakes, creating roll and yaw. On the ground the aircraft has nosewheel steering. The main landing gear incorporates spring rod suspension. The design employs a tilting bench seat to allow the pilot and passenger to see up and backwards to ensure that canopy inflates correctly.

The aircraft has an empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload for pilot and baggage is .

Specifications (Trio-Twister 203)

See also
Trio-Twister 103

References

External links
Company website archives on Archive.org

203
2000s German sport aircraft
2000s German ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Powered parachutes
Trio-Twister. Trio-Twister was a German aircraft manufacturer based in Eichwalde and founded by Siegfried Stolle. The company specialized in the design and manufacture of powered parachutes in the form of ready-to-fly aircraft for the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles and the European Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight categories.

The company was founded in 2003 and went out of business in 2005.

Trio-Twister produced two powered parachute designs, the single-seat Trio-Twister 103 and two-seat Trio-Twister 203. Both incorporated a central canopy attachment and tilting seats, which allowed the pilot to see up and behind to ensure that the canopy inflated correctly.

Aircraft

References

External links
Company website archives on Archive.org

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of Germany
Ultralight aircraft
Powered parachutes
Blakeslee Forging Company. The Blakeslee Forging Company is a historic industrial complex at 100 West Main Street in the Plantsville area of Southington, Connecticut.  The surviving six buildings, dating to about 1910 or later, were developed for a company founded in 1877 that specialized in drop forging.  The buildings are well preserved structures typifying industrial buildings found in Southington from that era.  The complex was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Description and history
The Blakeslee Forging Company complex is located on the south side of the central village of Plantsville.  It is set well back from the street, behind a municipal parking lot and the former Pultz & Walkley Company industrial complex.  Its largest two buildings form a T, whose top runs parallel to the former railroad right-of-way that now serves as the Farmington Canal Heritage Trail.  The top of the T is a two-story brick building, 20 bays long, with industrial Colonial Revival trim elements, while the leg of the T is a longer single-story brick structure with a gabled roof.  Also facing the railroad right-of-way, north of those buildings, is a single-story six-bay brick building.  Three smaller structures are tucked behind these, between the T and the adjacent buildings to the north.

The Blakeslee Forging Company was founded in 1877 and incorporated in 1896 by Sherman Blakeslee, and first operated in mainly wood-frame buildings built on this site by the Plantsville Manufacturing Company.  The company manufactured parts for carriages, and provided custom drop-forging services.  Most of the buildings in this complex date to 1912–14, when the older buildings were torn down.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Southington, Connecticut

References

Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Connecticut
Colonial Revival architecture in Connecticut
Industrial buildings completed in 1912
Buildings and structures in Southington, Connecticut
1912 establishments in Connecticut
National Register of Historic Places in Hartford County, Connecticut
Historic district contributing properties in Connecticut
Eugène Mougel. Dieudonné Eugène Mougel aka Eugène Mougel Bey (27 November 1808 in Châtel-sur-Moselle – 27 November 1890 in Paris) was a French engineer graduated from the École Polytechnique and later working for the Egyptian administration. He built the Nile Barrage near Cairo, a project initially started by Louis Maurice Adolphe Linant de Bellefonds, and contributed as general supervisor to the initial phases of the Suez Canal works. Mougel was chief engineer for the Suez Canal Company from 1859 to 1861, where he worked with superintendent Alphonse Hardon to plan the mobilization infrastructure to build the Suez Canal: the freshwater access canals, freshwater distilleries, and early hand-digging operations. He was listed by Ferdinand de Lesseps as a founder of the Suez Canal Company.

References

1808 births
1890 deaths
French engineers
École Polytechnique
Thermal trauma. Thermal trauma is any burn-related injury that can potentially lead to serious outcomes. There are various causes of thermal trauma, including fire, radiant heat, radiation, chemical, or electrical contact, that can affect a person in many ways based on factors from anatomical and physiological factors. Depending on the severity of the burns, quick management and transport to an appropriate burn facility may be necessary to prevent loss of life.  Various classification scales exist for use with thermal trauma to determine the severity of the burns, which is used to determine the resources used and for statistical collection. The initial assessment is critical in determining the extent of injuries and what will be needed to manage an injury, and treating immediate life threats.

Classification
Burn injuries are generally classified by either severity, the location of damage, or a combination of both. Various scales exist to provide a quantifiable metric to measure the severity of burn-related injuries. The value can be used for triaging a patient or for statistical analysis. Burn injury scales measure damage to anatomical parts, physiological values (blood pressure etc.), comorbidities or a combination of those.

References

Medical emergencies
Burns
Causes of death
Viking Aircraft Viking II. The Viking Aircraft Viking II is an American powered parachute designed and produced by Viking Aircraft Inc of Panama City Beach, Florida; part of the Viking-series. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

The aircraft was introduced in 2000 and production ended when the company went out of business in 2005.

Design and development
The Viking II was designed for the training role, to comply with the U.S. FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules as a two-seat trainer, but also meets the  Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category requirements, including the category's maximum gross weight of . Some were also registered as Experimental aircraft in the U.S. and one as an Experimental - Amateur-built.

The Viking II features a  parachute-style wing, two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration, tricycle landing gear and a twin-cylinder  Rotax 503 engine in pusher configuration. The three-cylinder  2si 690-L70 liquid-cooled engine was a factory option.

The aircraft carriage is built from metal tubing with a composite partial cockpit fairing. In flight steering is accomplished via handles that actuate the canopy brakes, creating roll and yaw. On the ground the aircraft has foot pedal-controlled nosewheel steering. The main landing gear incorporates spring rod suspension.

The aircraft has an empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload for crew and baggage is .

The standard day, sea level, no wind, take off with a  engine is  and the landing roll is .

Operational history
In  September 2015 five examples were registered in the United States with the Federal Aviation Administration, although a total of six had been registered at one time.

Variants
The company also produced a single seat version of the Viking II design, which it referred to simply as the "Single-Place". This version mounts a single seat on a narrower cockpit frame, but is otherwise similar.

Specifications (Viking II)

References

External links
Company website archives on Archive.org

Viking II
2000s United States sport aircraft
2000s United States ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Powered parachutes
Viking Aircraft. Viking Aircraft may refer to :

Companies
Viking Air, an aircraft manufacturer based in North Saanich, British Columbia, Canada
Viking Aircraft Inc. a defunct aircraft manufacturer (2000-2005) that was based in Panama City Beach, Florida, United States
Viking Aircraft LLC, an aircraft manufacturer based in Elkhorn, Wisconsin, United States
Viking Airlines AB, a defunct privately owned charter airline based in Stockholm, Sweden
 FlyViking AS; a defunct Norwegian airline

Aircraft
Lockheed S-3 Viking, an American anti-submarine warfare aircraft
St Andrews Viking, a family of American powered parachutes
Vickers VC.1 Viking, a British WWII airliner
Vickers Viking, a British WWI amphibious aircraft

See also

 Viking (disambiguation)
 Viking Aircraft Viking-series
 Viking Aircraft Viking I
 Viking Aircraft Viking II
International Council on Clean Transportation. The International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT) is an American multinational non-profit public policy think tank and research institute that provides technical, scientific, and policy analysis to environmental regulators on issues related to environmental, energy, and transportation policy. It is headquartered on K Street in Washington, D.C. and has a regional office in San Francisco, California, both in the United States, with international offices in São Paulo, Brazil; Berlin, Germany; and Beijing, China. 

The ICCT, founded in 2001, is an independent nonprofit organization incorporated under Section 501(c)(3) of the United States tax code and is funded by the ClimateWorks Foundation, the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, the Energy Foundation, and the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. It operates in Europe as "ICCT Europe - International Council on Clean Transportation Europe gemeinnützige GmbH" and in Latin America as "Conselho Internacional de Transporte Limpo – ICCT Brasil" with additional operations in the Americas, Africa, Middle East, Asia, and Asia-Pacific.

Volkswagen emissions scandal 

The ICCT commissioned researchers at West Virginia University to test Volkswagen diesel car emissions in 2013. In May 2014, ICCT alerted the US EPA and the California Air Resources Board that the models displayed much higher levels of nitrogen oxide emissions than permitted by law. In September 2015, the EPA said Volkswagen could be liable for up to $18 billion in penalties for using software on almost 500,000 VW and Audi diesel cars sold between 2009 and 2015 that circumvented emissions regulations, unleashing a controversy that led to multiple regulatory probes worldwide.

In 2015 an ADAC study (ordered by ICCT) of 32 Euro6 cars showed that few complied with on-road emission limits. In 2016 ICCT measured 19 new cars and found that real emissions were 40% higher than they were approved with, primarily due to the lax methods of NEDC-testing.

See also 
 Volkswagen emissions violations
 John German
 International Committee of Clean Technologies
 CALSTART

References

External links
Official website

Environmental organizations based in the United States
International sustainability organizations
International transport organizations
Climate change organizations based in the United States
Organizations established in 1971
Transportation organizations based in the United States
Sustainable transport
1971 establishments in the United States
Calicene. Calicene or triapentafulvalene is a hydrocarbon of the fulvalene class with chemical formula C8H6, composed of a cyclopentadiene ring and a cyclopropene ring linked by a double bond. Its name is derived from the Latin calix meaning "goblet", from its shape.

Properties
Very high resonance energy is predicted by the Hückel method, however its resonance energy is not high.
The central double bond is polarized with a partial positive charge on the carbon atom of triangular ring and a partial negative charge on the carbon atom of pentagonal ring, in keeping with added Hückel's rule stability of rings containing 2 π electrons and 6 π electrons respectively. Calicene's dipole moment has been computed to be 4.66 D.
Several compounds that contains two or more calicene subunits are aromatic, such as trans-bicalicene (ring compound) or poly-2,7-[N]calicenes (chain compound)

Despite several attempts to prepare it, the parent calicene has so far defied attempts at synthesis.  However, 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexaphenylcalicene has been prepared and an experimental dipole moment of 6.3 D was measured.

References

Polycyclic nonaromatic hydrocarbons
Fulvalenes
Cyclopropenes
Hypothetical chemical compounds