omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
CPTM Series 9500. The CPTM Series 9500 is a class of electric multiple units part of the São Paulo Metropolitan Trains rolling stock, built by Hyundai Rotem from 2017 to 2019.

History 
In July 2013, a consortium composed by Brazilian company IEASA and Korean Hyundai Rotem won a bid to build 30 trains with 8 cars each to CPTM. The project cost R$789 million (US$365.9 million) and the trains were to be built within 36 months.

With a deadline of July 2016, the first trains were only delivered in January and after a long delay, Hyudai Rotem needed to change plans. This is because their Brazilian partner IESA had to leave the consortium due to bankruptcy. IESA was the one that would assemble the trains in Brazil for the Korean company. After that, the delivery of 22 trains was delayed.

With the departure of IESA, Rotem decided to build their own factory in Araraquara to produce the EMUs. In March 2016, the company invested R$100 million (US$28.6 million) on the opening of its first factory in Latin America, which is now its second largest in the world. The first trains had to be assembled in Asia and finished in CKD process in the new factory. At that moment, a Hyundai Rotem representative stated to press that "[they] don't know how many trains were built at the moment, but [they] are certain that at least one was delivered and is already in tests by CPTM".

After long tests for homologation and certification of the model, in June 2017, the company could operate the first Series 9500 train. From that, the company negotiated a new deadline and began delivering the compositions on time. The last train was delivered by Rotem on 25 February 2019, with the factory going into recess due to lack of new orders.

The 34-month delay for the delivery made CPTM fine Hyundai Rotem R$4.27 million (US$1.22 million). To decrease the delay on deliveries, Rotem also direspected labour laws and, after a lawsuit filed by the Labour Public Prosecutor's Office (MPT), they were found guilty by the Labour Justice with a R$1 million (US$ ) fine. After a conciliation agreement between MPT and Rotem, the fine was reduced to R$400,000 (US$ ).

Later, Rotem lost a bidding process for the supply of 62 passenger cars for Vale S.A.. The mining company chose Chinese CRRC Qingdao Sifang, bringing protests from the president of the Brazilian Association of Rail Industry (Abifer) and speculations in the press about how much the failures and delays in deliveries on Series 9500 trains weighed on Vale's choice.

Operation 
Three compositions operated on Line 13-Jade, but currently all of them operate on lines 7-Ruby and 10-Turquoise.

Accidents and incidents 
 17 December 2018 – A train derailed during a maneuver on Lapa Yard. No one was harmed.

See also 
 Line 7 (CPTM)
 Line 10 (CPTM)
 Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos
 São Paulo Metropolitan Trains rolling stock

References

External links 
  
  

Multiple units of Brazil
Hyundai Rotem multiple units
3000 V DC multiple units
Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos
CPTM Series 8500. The CPTM Series 8500 is a class electric multiple units built by CAF from 2015 and 2019 for the São Paulo Metropolitan Trains rolling stock.

History

Project and construction 
CPTm made a bidding in the end of 2012 estimating the acquisition of 65 news trains. Due to lack of participants, the process was cancelled a new international bidding process was launched in the beginning of 2013. The winning proposals were announced on 15 July 2013, at a cost of R$ 1.8 billion (US$ 834.8 million).

The companies delayed their deliveries. While Hyundai Rotem took 34 months beyond the estimated deadline, CAF concluded the delivery of their last unit 39 months after the estimated time. Due to the delays, the company was fined by CPTM. The amount of fines reached R$ 8.37 million (US$ 2.39 million). Besides CAF's appeal, their motion was denied by the Court of Justice of São Paulo.

Operation 
The first train was delivered on 6 July 2016, operating on Line 11-Coral. Some compositions also operated on Line 7-Ruby but, since January 2019, all of them operated only on Line 11.

Initially, the Series 8500 trains were expected to be distributed to all of the CPTM lines, but all of them were transferred to Line 11. After 39 months of delay, the last train was delivered in November 2019.

On 20 May 2021, unit 8541–8544 operated on Line 8-Diamond for tests, due to the privatization of Lines 8 and 9, with 8 units operating on these lines currently.

Due to the concession of Lines 8 and 9 to ViaMobilidade on 30 August 2021, a Series 8500 train began operating on Line 7-Ruby along with Line 10-Turquoise, as unit 8621–8623, with estimation of other 28 compositions to operate on these lines.

On 17 September 2021, this class began operating on Line 12-Sapphire, as unit 8617–8620, and on Line 9-Emerald, on 9 November 2021, as unit 8505–8508. Both cases are due to the ViaMobilidade concession. Currently, two units are out of service.

See also 
 Line 7 (CPTM)
 Line 9 (CPTM)
 Line 10 (CPTM)
 Line 12 (CPTM)
 Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos
 ViaMobilidade
 São Paulo Metropolitan Trains rolling stock

References

External links 
  
  
  

Multiple units of Brazil
CAF multiple units
3000 V DC multiple units
Companhia Paulista de Trens Metropolitanos
Dmitri Maslov. Dmitri Maslov is a Canadian-American computer scientist known for his work on quantum circuit synthesis and optimization, quantum advantage, and benchmarking quantum computers. Currently, he is the Chief Software Architect at IBM Quantum. Maslov was formerly a program director for Quantum Information Science at the National Science Foundation. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers in 2021 "for contributions to quantum circuit synthesis and optimization, and compiling for quantum computers."

Career 
Maslov obtained Doctor of Philosophy degree in Computer Science from University of New Brunswick in 2003. Between 2003 and 2008, he held various postdoctoral fellow positions, including those at the University of Victoria and the University of Waterloo. From 2008 to 2018, he was a Program Director with the Division of Computing and Communication Foundations, and the Directorate for Computer and Information Science and Engineering, National Science Foundation. In 2015-2016 he was a visiting fellow at Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science. Since 2019, he has been the Chief Software Architect at the IBM’s Quantum Computing Branch, IBM Quantum.

Technical Contributions

Quantum computing 
Maslov's contributions to quantum computing include

 A simple and efficient algorithm for reversible logic synthesis, known as the MMD algorithm, a top-performing and best-cited  algorithm for reversible logic synthesis
 The introduction and development of templates and phase polynomials frameworks for quantum circuit optimization, constituting two of a few standard quantum circuit optimization techniques
 Depth optimal quantum circuit synthesis method for commonly used quantum logical operations
 Optimal synthesis of Z-angle rotations over Clifford+T gate library
 Optimization of multiple control Toffoli-gate implementation using relative-phase Toffoli gates
 Multiple results on the synthesis and optimization of Clifford circuits, including short layered decomposition of the form -X-Z-P-CX-CZ-H-CZ-H-P, exact (in the number of the degrees of freedom) parametrization of Clifford group elements by quantum circuits, and computational advantage by Clifford circuits over classical reversible CNOT circuits

References

External links

Living people
Fellows of the IEEE
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
Canadian computer scientists
American computer scientists
Canadian emigrants to the United States
American people of Russian descent
21st-century American scientists
American inventors
Electronic design automation people
United States National Science Foundation officials
University of New Brunswick alumni
Robert Sieck. Robert B. Sieck (born September 1938) is a former NASA official. As director of space shuttle processing at the Kennedy Space Center, he oversaw a large number of shuttle launches.

Early life 
Sieck was born in St. Louis, Missouri, in September 1938. He earned his bachelor's degree in electrical engineering at the University of Virginia in 1960. He obtained additional postgraduate credits in mathematics, physics, meteorology, and management at both Texas A&M and the Florida Institute of Technology. He served three years in the U.S. Air Force, attaining the rank of first lieutenant. While in the Air Force, he worked as a meteorologist and was involved in the activation of the LGM-25C Titan II weapon system in Tucson, Arizona.

Career 
Sieck joined NASA at the Kennedy Space Center in 1964 as a Gemini Spacecraft systems engineer. He served as an Apollo Spacecraft test team project engineer, Space Shuttle orbiter test team project engineer, and in 1976 was named the Engineering Manager for the Shuttle Approach and Landing tests at Dryden Flight Research Facility in California. Returning to the Kennedy Space Center in 1978, he became the Chief Shuttle Project Engineer for STS-1 through STS-7. He became the first the Kennedy Space Center Shuttle Flow Director in 1983, and in February 1984 was appointed Director, Launch and Landing Operations, where he served as Shuttle Launch Director for eleven missions.

In 1986, Sieck testified before a presidential commission during the investigation into the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster.

Sieck served as deputy director of Shuttle Operations (renamed Shuttle Processing in 1996) from April 1992 until January 1995. He was responsible for assisting with the management and technical direction of the  Shuttle program at KSC. He also retained his position as Shuttle Launch Director, a responsibility he had held from February 1984 through August 1985, and then from December 1986 to January 1995. He was Launch Director for STS-26 and all subsequent shuttle missions through STS-63. Sieck served as Launch Director for 52 Space Shuttle launches.

Personal life 
Sieck and his wife Nancy live in Titusville and have two adult children.

References

1938 births
Living people
NASA people
Judson A. Lovingood. Dr. Judson Allison Lovingood (July 18 1936 – April 29 2021), was deputy manager of the Shuttle projects office at the Marshall Space Flight Center.

Early life and education
Lovingood was born in Birmingham, Alabama on July 18, 1936.

He received his bachelor of science degree in electrical engineering from the University of Alabama in 1958 and received a master of science degree from the University of Minnesota in applied math.

Career
Upon graduating Lovingood worked at Martin Marietta in Orlando, and then he went to Honeywell in Minneapolis.

Lovingood joined NASA in 1962. Until 1967 he worked in dynamics and flight control, guidance and celestial mechanics, in various positions. In 1967, NASA sent Lovingood to school for one year to complete his doctor of philosophy (Ph.D) at the University of Alabama.

In 1969 Lovingood became chief of the dynamics control division of the aero astrodynamics laboratory. In 1974 he became director of the systems dynamics laboratory. All of the above positions were in the Science and Engineering Directorate of the Marshall Center. The projects supported during this period were primarily the Apollo Program, Skylab, and Space Shuttle. 

In 1979 Lovingood became deputy manager of the shuttle projects office, and in February of 1982 he  became manager of the shuttle main engine project.

Lovingood was one of the top executives who authorized the launch before the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster in 1986. In 1988 he left NASA for the private industry, taking a job in Huntsville, Alabama for Thiokol, the company that built the solid rocket boosters on the Challenger.

Retirement and death
In 2014 Lovingood sued Discovery Channel and several other producers of a TV movie about the Challenger Disaster, accusing them of defamation for his depiction in the movie. The suit was dismissed by the Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit in February 2020.

Lovingood died at 84 years old on April 29, 2021.

References

1936 births
2021 deaths
University of Alabama alumni
Administrators of NASA
University of Minnesota alumni
Beneteau First 305. The Beneteau First 305 is a French sailboat that was designed by Jean Berret as a cruiser-racer and first built in 1984.

Production
The design was built by Beneteau in France, and also in Marion, South Carolina, United States, starting in 1984 as a 1985 model year and was built until 1989, with 644 boats completed.

Design

The First 305 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of glassfibre, with wood trim. The hull is solid fibreglass and the deck is balsa-cored. It has a masthead sloop rig, with a deck-stepped mast, two sets of unswept spreaders and aluminium spars with continuous stainless steel wire standing rigging. The hull has a raked stem, a reverse transom, an internally mounted spade-type rudder controlled by a tiller and a fixed fin keel or optional shoal draft keel. It displaces  empty and carries  of cast iron ballast.

The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel and  with the optional shoal draft keel.

A version was also built with stub keel, daggerboard and twin rudders, for anchorages that dry out.

The boat is fitted with a Swedish Volvo 2002 diesel engine for docking and manoeuvring. The fuel tank holds  and the fresh water tank has a capacity of .

The design has sleeping accommodation for four people, with a double "V"-berth berth in the bow cabin, an L-shaped settee and a straight settee in the main salon and an aft cabin with a double berth on the port side. The galley is located on the port side just forward of the companionway ladder. The galley is L-shaped and is equipped with a two-burner stove, an ice box and a double sink. A navigation station is opposite the galley, on the starboard side. The head is located aft, on the starboard side and includes a shower. Cabin maximum headroom is .

For sailing downwind the design may be equipped with a symmetrical spinnaker of .

The design has a hull speed of  and a PHRF handicap of 159.

See also
List of sailing boat types

References

External links

Keelboats
1980s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Sailboat type designs by Jean Berret
Sailboat types built by Beneteau
Dogo SS-2000. The Dogo SS-2000 is a prototype car that was built in Argentina in 1969. It was presented in 1970 at the Human Comfort Exhibition (in Castilian: Exposición del Confort Humano).

Design and mechanics 
This prototype was designed and built by the Argentine racing driver and mechanic Clemar Bucci in his workshop located in Munro (Vicente López Partido, Buenos Aires). For the manufacture of this car, he had the participation of his brother Rolando Bucci and a group of collaborators, completing it in just five months.

The Dogo SS-2000 was a grand tourer with a wedge-shaped design, rectilinear lines and smooth panels. Some striking gull-wing doors stood out in its design. The body was made of reinforced plastic and was mounted on a box-shaped, single center beam frame. It had a 2000 cc L4 engine with 160 HP sourced from a Peugeot 504, four-speed synchronized gearbox sourced from a Porsche 911, and four-wheel disc brakes.

Performance 
The people who built the car stated that its top speed was 228 km/h, this partly thanks to its light weight (only 700 kg).

In the present 
The car is still exist and is preserved in the Bucci Museum located in Zenón Pereyra, Santa Fe Province.

References 

Cars of Argentina
Concept cars
James Everett Lipp. James Everett Lipp (July 3, 1910 – August 13, 1993) was an American aerospace engineer.  He attended California Institute of Technology (MS, 1934; PhD, 1935) and began his career at the Douglas Aircraft Company, staying there until 1948.  He then joined the missile division at the newly created Project RAND as one of the first four full-time employees, tasked by then Brigadier General Curtis LeMay to figure out how to launch orbiting satellites from a spaceship.  Lipp would later become the head of the aerospace division at RAND and subsequently, corporate director of development planning at Lockheed Corporation. His recommendations to the Air Force in February 1947 helped contribute to the creation of the US civil and military satellite program during the Cold War.

Selected work
 Lipp, J. E., R. M. Salter Jr., and R. S. Wehner, et.al. (April 1951). "The Utility of a Satellite Vehicle for Reconnaissance". The Rand Corporation. R -217. pp. ix, 1-21, 28-39.
 Lipp, J. E. & R. M. Salter (March 1954). "Project Feed Back Summary Report". The RAND Corporation. R -262, Volume II. pp. 109-10, Rand Library.

See also
"Preliminary Design of an Experimental World-Circling Spaceship" (1946)

References

Bibliography
Abella, Alex (2009). Soldiers of Reason: The Rand Corporation and the Rise of the American Empire. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. .
Davies, Merton E.; Harris, William Robert (1988) Rand's Role in the Evolution of Balloon and Satellite Observation Systems and Related U.S. Space Technology. Rand Corporation.
Logsdon, John M. (1995). Exploring the Unknown: Selected Documents in the History of the U.S. Civil Space Program. Vol. 1. The NASA History Series. NASA SP-4407.
Taubman, Phillip (2003). Secret Empire: Eisenhower, the CIA, and the Hidden Story of America’s Space Espionage. Simon & Schuster. .
U.S. Congress. House Committee on Science and Astronautics. (April 29, 1960) . "Biography of Dr. James E. Lipp, Corporate Director of Development Planning, Lockheed Aircraft Corp.".  Frontiers in Oceanic Research (H.R. 6298). To amend the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958. 86th Congress. Second Session on H.R. 9675. No. 5.  Hearings 1960. Volume 2.  U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 67-68.
Wade, Mark (2019). "Lipp, James Everett". Encyclopedia Astronautica.  Retrieved August 7, 2023.

1910 births
1993 deaths
RAND Corporation people
California Institute of Technology alumni
American aerospace engineers
Douglas Aircraft Company
People from Santa Monica, California
People from Washington, D.C.
People from San Diego
Lockheed people
Amgalan Thermal Power Plant. The Amgalan Thermal Power Plant () is a coal-fired power station in Bayanzürkh, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.

History
The power plant was commissioned in November 2015. On 4 December 2015, the opening of the power plant was officiated in a ceremony preceded by Energy Minister Dashzeveg Zorigt and other government officials. In June 2022, expansion work of the power plant started to expand its generating capacity.

Technical specifications
The power plant has an installed capacity of 348 MW. It consists of three steam turbine with each rated at 116 MW. The power plant supplies electricity mostly to the eastern part of Ulaanbaatar. It also acts as a district heating for Ulaanbaatar.

Finance
The power plant was constructed with a cost of US$75.9 million. It was built with a concession with China Machinery Engineering Corporation.

See also
 List of power stations in Mongolia

References

2015 establishments in Mongolia
Bayanzürkh
Buildings and structures in Ulaanbaatar
Coal-fired power stations in Mongolia
Energy infrastructure completed in 2015
Lead apatite. Lead apatite is a generic name for apatite-structure materials that contain lead as the divalent cation. A Copper-doped lead-apatite has been proposed as a room-temperature superconductor. A number of minerals are known. All have a hexagonal crystal structure.

Minerals

References

Lead compounds
Crystals in space group 176
Calcium minerals
Gemstones
Halide minerals
Hexagonal minerals
Minerals in space group 176
Phosphate minerals
Piezoelectric materials
Maytal Caspary Toroker. Maytal Caspary Toroker is an associate professor in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. She is recognized for her significant contributions in the field of computational materials science, particularly in its applications to catalysis, charge transport, and energy conversion devices.

Early life and education 
Maytal was born in Israel in a Jewish family. She completed her BA degree in molecular biochemistry (2004) from the Department of Chemistry at Technion. Later, she pursued her direct Ph.D. (2009) from the same department.

Research and career 

After receiving her Ph.D., she started working with Prof. Emily A. Carter at Princeton University during the period of 2010–13, funded by the Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship from the European Union. In 2013, she joined the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, as an assistant professor, and she is currently working as an associate professor.

Her research at Technion mainly involves development of density functional theory (DFT) and its application. She has extensively worked on developing a method for charge transport calculation through heterostructures using wave propagation method. Her research on doped NiOOH (Nickel oxy-hydroxide) has explained the reason for the material's remarkable success in the oxygen evolution reaction. Her results show that it is the iron's ability to change its oxidation state that facilitates oxygen evolution. This work was published in the journal Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics and was featured on the front cover of Issue 11, 2017. She has also conducted research on transition metal oxides for their applications as photocatalysts and photoelectrodes. She developed a method to calculate the band edge positions using first principles quantum mechanics calculations. These band edge positions play a crucial role in determining the suitability of these materials for various applications. Apart from this, she also works on metal organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for their application in photocatalysis and electrocatalysis.

Currently she is the chair of  European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) action on Computational materials sciences for efficient water splitting with nanocrystals from abundant elements. She is in the editorial advisory board of the journal Advanced Theory and Simulation, Wiley

Awards and honours 

 Alexander Goldberg Research Prize (2021)
 L’Oréal-Unesco-Israel Award (2010)
 New England Fund (2009)

References 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
Materials scientists and engineers
Q-RASAR. The quantitative Read-Across Structure-Activity Relationship (q-RASAR) concept has been developed by merging Read-Across and QSAR. It is a statistical modeling approach that uses the similarity and error-based measures as descriptors in addition to the usual structural and physicochemical descriptors, and it has been shown to enhance the external predictivity of QSAR/QSPR models.

The novel quantitative read-across structure-activity relationship (q-RASAR) approach clubs the advantages of both QSAR and read-across, thus resulting in enhanced predictivity for the same level of chemical information used. This approach utilizes similarity-based considerations yet can generate simple, interpretable, and transferable models. This approach may be used for any type of structural and physicochemical descriptors and with any modeling algorithms.

The q-RASAR approach has been used by different research groups for different endpoints. Among different RASAR descriptors, RA function, Average Similarity and gm (Banerjee-Roy concordance coefficient) have shown high importance in modeling in some studies.  In 2023, Banerjee-Roy similarity coefficients sm1 and sm2 have also been proposed to identify potential activity cliffs in a data set. The q-RASAR approach has the potential in data gap filling in predictive toxicology, materials science, medicinal chemistry, food sciences, nano-sciences, agricultural sciences, etc.

References

Statistical models