omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Starrag. Starrag AG, headquartered in Rorschacherberg, Switzerland, is a manufacturer of precision machine tools. It operates as a subsidiary of the StarragTornos Group.

History 
The history of Starrag dates back to 1897 when Henry Levy founded a workshop in Rorschacherberg to manufacture threading machines for the textile industry. These threading machines eliminated the need for manual threading of embroidery machines, a task that had predominantly been performed by child labour. By 1910, the workshop had produced 3000 threading machines and other machines for the textile industry.

After the outbreak of World War I in 1914 caused a textile crisis in Eastern Switzerland, the company shifted its focus to the production of turret and parallel lathes in 1917. From 1920 onwards, the company began manufacturing milling machines, and in 1921, it was renamed Starrfräsmaschinen AG Henri Levy, later becoming Starrfräsmaschinen AG in 1925. By this time, the company had over 300 employees and relocated to a new facility within Rorschacherberg.

After the death of founder Henri Levy in 1947, the company continued to grow. In the post-war years, Starrfräsmaschinen AG established itself in its field with the world's first 5-axis milling machine and employed around 1200 workers by the early 1960s.

In 1998, the company went public on the stock exchange. That same year, Starrfräsmaschinen AG acquired Heckert Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH in Chemnitz and changed its name to Starrag. In 2000, the company adopted a holding structure under the umbrella of StarragHeckert Holding AG, and the subsidiary StarragHeckert AG was established.

In 2012, StarragHeckert AG was renamed Starrag AG.

The parent company of Starrag AG, Starrag Group Holding AG, merged with Tornos Holding AG in 2023 to form the StarragTornos Group. As a result, Starrag AG became a subsidiary of the StarragTornos Group.

Company structure 
Starrag AG is based in Rorschacherberg, Switzerland. The Director of Starrag AG is Christian Kurtenbach, and the chairman of the board of directors is Martin Buyle. Starrag AG is a subsidiary of the StarragTornos Group, which employs around 1500 people worldwide, of which 200 are employed by Starrag AG.

Products 
Starrag AG is active in the development, manufacturing, and distribution of precision machine tools. They provide 5-axis machining centres with high material removal rates for the production of turbine blades, impellers, blisks, and complex structural components.

Starrag offers blade and blisk machining centres under the NB and LX series. Additionally, machining centres for aero structures are available under the STC series. Starrag offers complete manufacturing packages, including software, clamping devices, tool-holders, and peripheral equipment.

Starrag AG's machines produce parts that are used, amongst others, in the Airbus A380 wide-body aircraft or the Boeing 787 Dreamliner.

References

External links 
 Homepage Starrag AG
 StarragTornos Group

Machine tool builders
Swiss companies established in 1897
Companies established in 1897
Machining
Piyush Anand. Piyush Anand (born 18 June 1968) is a 1991- batch Indian Police Service (IPS)  officer from Uttar Pradesh cadre currently serving as the  Director General of the National Disaster Response Force of India since 1 April 2024.

Early life
Anand was born to Anand Kr. Agarwal in 1968 and he hails from Delhi, India.

Education
Anand has completed M. Tech in (Mechanical engineering) from IIT Delhi and also Post Graduate Diploma in Public Policy and Management from MDI Gurgaon.

Career
Anand holds many special or high rank post in central government's agencies and they has been awarded for his work.

He has served in CBI for more than 7 years, in CRPF for more than 3 years. He has also served in Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) as ADG/SDG for more than a year and anand joining the National Disaster Response Force as Director General on 1 April 2024.

Awards
Anand is the recipients of the more awards for his unbelievable service in his career.

Indian Police Medal awarded by the central government for Meritorious Service.

President's Police Medal for Distinguished Service.

Gold Medal by School of Public Policy & Management, MDI Gurgaon for outstanding performance.

Silver in 2018, Gold in 2019 and Platinum in 2020 and Kumbh Sewa Medal in 2019. He has also been awarded DG's CRPF Commendation Disc in 2017.

References

1968 births
Living people
Indian civil servants
Indian police officers
All India Services
IIT Delhi alumni
People from Delhi
Indian Police Service officers
Wood degradation. Wood degradation is a complex process influenced by various biological, chemical, and environmental factors. It significantly impacts the durability and longevity of wood products and structures, necessitating effective preservation and protection strategies. It primarily involves fungi, bacteria, and insects. Fungi are the most significant agents, causing decay through the breakdown of wood's structural components, such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. Chemical degradation is likewise significant. Degradation of wood in a concrete matrix is mostly attributed to the affect of alkaline environment and hydrolysis of lignin and hemicellulose and elevated temperatures may accelerate the degradation process of the cell walls.

Prevention 
Applying preservatives, such as chromated copper arsenate (CCA) or borates, can protect wood from biological and chemical degradation.

Coatings, such as paints, varnishes, and water repellents, provide a barrier against moisture and UV radiation. Advanced coatings containing UV stabilizers and biocides offer enhanced protection.

References 

Wood
Woodworking
Materials degradation
Fungi and humans
Environmental chemistry
Building materials
Structural engineering
UK CBAM. The United Kingdom Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (UK CBAM) is a carbon tariff on imports of certain goods produced with high carbon emission into the United Kingdom, similar to the European Union’s CBAM. It will cover slightly different goods, with the list pending consultation in 2024, and is to be rolled out in 2027. The sectors within scope are aluminium, cement, ceramics, fertiliser, glass, hydrogen, iron and steel. There are some differences regarding the type of emissions covered. Both EU and UK CBAM cover direct (‘Scope 1’) emissions. Regarding indirect (‘Scope 2’) emissions, the EU covers only emissions from electricity consumed during the production process. The UK CBAM proposals cover more indirect emissions, namely from heat, steam and cooling, as well as electricity.

References 

Environmental tax
Climate change in the United Kingdom
Adobe Extreme. Adobe Extreme was a PDF-based printing technology that was developed by Adobe Systems in 1996. It used to be like Adobe Acrobat and Adobe Creative Suite. It allowed PDF files to be rendered throughout the workflow, eliminating the need to flatten transparent artwork. It supported Adobe's Portable Job Ticket Format (PJTF), which enables trapping, imposition and color separation.

It was superseded in 2006 by Adobe PDF Print Engine.

References 

Adobe software
1996 software
Adobe Inc.
Mikoyan MiG SVB. The Mikoyan MiG SVB (Cyrillic: Микоян МиГ СВБ) was a 1990s Russian project to develop a turboprop-powered regional airliner and cargo transport for hot and high environments, including operations at night and in all weather. The SVB was expected to have considerably lower operating costs than similar aircraft already in service, such as the Antonov An-32, largely due to the type's newer and lower-power Klimov TV7-117S engines. 

"SVB" stood for Samolet Vysotnogo Bazirovaniya (Самолет Высотного Базирования) — "Aircraft for high-altitude bases" in Russian,  and the project was known internally at MiG as article 801 (изделие 801, izdeliye 801). Political and economic instability around the dissolution of the Soviet Union ended the project in 1994.

Design
The SVB design was conventional for aircraft of its type: a shoulder-wing cantilever monoplane with a conventional tail. It was to have retractable tricycle undercarriage, with the main units retracting into fairings on the sides of the fuselage, in addition to flotation devices. Power was to be provided by two turboprop engines mounted on the wings, driving tractor propellers. The wings were to be equipped with high-lift devices. One unusual feature of the design was that the fuselage maintained a constant, rectangular cross-section from aft of the flight deck all the way to the rear of the aircraft. 

Two basic passenger configurations were proposed for the regional airliner: a standard 40-seat version with eight rows of five seats, and a 50-seat high-density version with ten rows of five seats at a decreased pitch. In both cases, a single aisle was to be provided, offset to starboard. 

In cargo configuration, the SVB was to be equipped with a loading ramp in its rear fuselage and have an electric hoist fitted on tracks on the cabin ceiling. The interior was to be fully pressurised.

Development
The SVB was one of MiG's konversiya ("conversion") projects. As the Cold War eased during the late 1980s, Soviet defence manufacturers were compelled to reallocate some of their production to civilian projects. This particular project originated with Fatidin R. Mukhamedov, who was head of MiG's Dushanbe office and therefore familiar with the challenges of air transport in Tajikistan where airstrips were short, located at altitudes of up to , and where ambient temperatures could reach .  The project set out to provide capacity to deliver  of cargo over  under such conditions. Work on the design was carried out from 1990 to 1994.

Specifications (as designed)

References

Notes

Bibliography
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

1990s Russian airliners
1990s Russian cargo aircraft
Mikoyan aircraft
High-wing aircraft

Twin-turboprop tractor aircraft

Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear
Abandoned civil aircraft projects
P(doom). P(doom) is a term in AI safety that refers to the probability of catastrophic outcomes (or "doom") as a result of artificial intelligence. The exact outcomes in question differ from one prediction to another, but generally allude to the existential risk from artificial general intelligence.

Originating as an inside joke among AI researchers, the term came to prominence in 2023 following the release of GPT-4, as high-profile figures such as Geoffrey Hinton and Yoshua Bengio began to warn of the risks of AI. In a 2023 survey, AI researchers were asked to estimate the probability that future AI advancements could lead to human extinction or similarly severe and permanent disempowerment within the next 100 years. The mean value from the responses was 14.4%, with a median value of 5%.

Sample P(doom) values

Criticism 
There has been some debate about the usefulness of P(doom) as a term, in part due to the lack of clarity about whether or not a given prediction is conditional on the existence of artificial general intelligence, the time frame, and the precise meaning of "doom".

In popular culture 
 In 2024, Australian rock band King Gizzard & the Lizard Wizard launched their new label, named p(doom) Records.

See also 

 Existential risk from artificial general intelligence
 Statement on AI risk of extinction
 AI alignment
 AI takeover
 AI safety

Notes

References 

Existential risk from artificial general intelligence
Jennifer Dy. Jennifer Guani Dy is a Filipino-American computer scientist specializing in machine learning, with varied applications including the physiological effects of emotion, and the effects of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation on weather patterns. She is a professor at Northeastern University in Boston.

Education and career
Dy was an electrical engineering student at the University of the Philippines, where she graduated magna cum laude in 1993. After working for two more years as an instructor at the University of the Philippines, she came to the US for graduate study in electrical and computer engineering at Purdue University. She earned a master's degree in 1997, with a research project supervised by Jan P. Allebach, and completed her Ph.D. in 2001, advised jointly by Carla Brodley and Avinash Kak.

She became an assistant professor at Northeastern University in 2002, was promoted to associate professor in 2008, and became full professor in 2015, jointly appointed in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and the Khoury College of Computer Sciences. She is the director of experiential AI postdoc education in the Roux Institute, and director of AI faculty in the Institute for Experiential AI.

Recognition
Dy was named a Fellow of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence in 2024, "for significant contributions to unsupervised and interpretable machine learning, advancing AI to address health care challenges, and service to the AI community".

References

External links
Home page

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Filipino electrical engineers
Filipino women engineers
Filipino emigrants to the United States
American electrical engineers
21st-century American women engineers
21st-century American engineers
American computer scientists
American women computer scientists
Artificial intelligence researchers
University of the Philippines alumni
Purdue University alumni
Northeastern University faculty
Fellows of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
Cristián Bravo. Cristián Bravo is a Chilean academic. He currently holds a Professor position at the Departments of Statistical & Actuarial Science, and is the Canada Research Chair in Banking and Insurance Analytics at Western University. He is also the Director of the Banking Analytics Lab, a lead researcher at Canada's Financial Wellness lab, and a recurrent panelist at CBC News.

Education 

Dr. Bravo attended University of Chile where he earned a B.Sc in Industrial Engineering (2007), an M.Sc in Operations Research (2008), and a Ph.D in Engineering Systems (2013).

Career and work 
Dr. Bravo began his career as a Research Fellow at KU Leuven from 2013 to 2014, before taking on the role of Instructor Professor at the University of Talca, Chile, from 2014 to 2015. He joined the University of Southampton as an Assistant Professor in 2016, advancing to Associate Professor in 2018. In 2018, he was appointed as a Fellow of the Alan Turing Institite. In 2019, he took a position to Western University as an Associate Professor, where he was promoted to Full Professor in 2024.

He is known for his contribution to credit risk, and has been recognized by his productivity and impact in credit scoring in surveys in the field. Since 2018, He is an editor for "Applied Soft Computing" and the "Journal of Business Analytics". He has authored over 70 academic outputs, and co-authored the book "Profit Driven Analytics". He also has contributed to banking regulations in Canada, supporting the OSFI in the drafting of new Artificial Intelligence regulations for financial institutions and the Alan Turing Institute in their work towards regulation on Bias in Algorithmic Decision-Making in the U.K.

He has received funding from FONDECYT, Chile (2013); the British Academy's Leverhulme scheme (2016 - 2017), U.K; the NSERC Discovery Grant (2020-2025)  and Tier 2 Canada Research Chair in Banking and Insurance Analytics, Canada. He also has been a co-investgator at a NSERC Alliance Grant (2021, under Principal Investigator: Matt Davison).

Since 2023, he is a recurrent panel member on CBC News’ Weekend Business Panel. He has been interviewed and quoted by diverse media outlets, such as The Wall Street Journal, WIRED, CTV News, Toronto Star, The Globe and Mail, Global News and CBC News. In 2024, Bravo was a selected academic in the 2024 Science Meets Parliament program by the Canadian Science Policy Centre.

References

External links 

The Banking Analytics Lab

Chilean academics
University of Chile alumni
Academic staff of the University of Western Ontario
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Canada Research Chairs
Landing Platform Vessel 1. Landing Platform Vessel 1, nicknamed Jacklyn, is a barge which was manufactured for Blue Origin in 2024 for use as a landing platform ship. It entered service in January 2025 for the New Glenn launch vehicle.

The LPV1 barge replaced the ship, also named Jacklyn, that Blue Origin had purchased in 2018 and intended to use as a landing platform vessel until 2022, when Blue Origin scrapped it.

History 
Landing Platform Vessel 1 (LPV1) is a specialized barge designed to support Blue Origin's New Glenn rocket launches. It was laid down at a shipyard in Romania in February 2023 and launched in January 2024. The partially completed vessel was towed to Damen Shipyards in Brest, France for finishing works and commissioning in April 2024.  Before being named LPV1, it carried the yard identification Damen Mangalia 522520.  After brief sea trials, the vessel departed Brest for Florida in August 2024. , LPV1 was planned to see its first use in October 2024, during the maiden launch of the New Glenn rocket, where it will attempt to capture and land the rocket's first stage, but by September, the initial launch had been delayed by Blue Origin.

Blue Origin announced on 2 September 2024, that LPV1 would be nicknamed named Jacklyn. This tribute honors Jeff Bezos's mother, Jacklyn Bezos, whose name was previously given to a ship that Blue Origin had considered using for landing New Glenn while the ship was underway.

See also

References

External links 
 New Glenn: The Road to Space at YouTube by Blue Origin, 16 January 2019. Landing sequence on LPV starts at 01:18.

Blue Origin
Maritime vessels related to spaceflight
Floating launch vehicle operations platform
Ships built in Romania
Henri Ungemach. Henri Léon Ungemach (19 September 1879 – 11 June 1936) was an Alsatian mineralogist who made a collection of minerals, nearly 3000 of which are now held at the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle in Paris. He described minerals using their crystal geometry. The minerals Ungemachite and Clino-Ungemachite (hydrated salt sulphates) are named after him. He also collected insects (particularly moths), molluscs and plants during his travels.

Life and work 
Ungemach was born in Strasbourg to industrialist Charles Léon and Marie Élisabeth . He went to study at the Jean Sturm Gymnasium in Strasbourg before going to the Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule in Zurich to study chemistry. He graduated in 1904 and went to the Imperial University of Strasbourg where he received a doctorate in 1907 with a thesis ("Die Erzlagerstätten des Weilertales") on the minerals of the Val de Villé. He travelled to North America before joining in prospecting for silver in the Val de Villé from 1908. In 1912 he joined the Compagnie Générale des Colonies for prospecting in Morocco and Madagascar. During World War I he joined an Alsatian regiment but refused to fight for the Germans. After World War I he travelled extensively including to Ethiopia. Chronic bronchitis made him return to Strasbourg in 1932 where he began to catalogue the mineral collections in the university. He studied crystals and made goniometric measurements of more than 2300 crystals using a Babinet-Fuess one-circle reflecting goniometer. He drew the crystal structures with great care and calculated Miller indices for the faces. His work was later used in comparisons with X-ray crystallography results. His diagrams were also used in the atlas produced by Victor Goldschmidt (1853–1933). He introduced a term "syntaxy" referring to intergrowth of dimorphous substances. Just before his death he passed on some of his collections and manuscripts to José Donnay of the University of Baltimore. Donnay donated the collections to the Canadian museum. After his death some of his collections went to the Université de Liège in Belgium. His lepidopteran collections are in Paris. A number of species were described from his collections and named after him including:

 Colotis ungemachi Le Cerf, 1922
 Tarucus ungemachi Stempffer, 1924
 Cigaritis allardi ungemachi Rothschild, 1926
 Plebejus martini ungemachi Rothschild, 1926
 Acraea ungemachi Le Cerf, 1927
 Charaxes lactetinctus ungemachi Le Cerf, 1927
 Atlantarctia ungemachi Le Cerf, 1924
 Odontocheilopteryx ungemachi Tams, 1931
 Adactylotis ungemachi D. Lucas, 1933
 Uollega ungemachi Berio, 1945
 Aspidhampsonia ungemachi Laporte, 1978
 Aspidifrontia ungemachi Laporte, 1978
 Amazonides ungemachi Laporte, 1984
 Stilbotis ungemachi Laporte, 1984
 Oreocossus ungemachi Rougeot, 1977

Ungemach married Éva Denise Andrée, daughter of the French art historian Léonce Bénédite in Paris in 1908. They had four children.

References 

1879 births
1936 deaths
French mineralogists
University of Ségou. The University of Ségou is a public university in Mali, located in the city of Ségou.

History 
The University of Ségou was established by decree no. 09-128/PM-RM on  but officially started its activities in .

Structure 
The University of Ségou is composed of three faculties:
 Faculty of Agronomy and Animal Medicine
 Faculty of Social Sciences
 Faculty of Engineering and Sciences (FAGES)

and the University Institute of Professional Training (IUFP Ségou)

IUFP Ségou 
The University Institute of Professional Training is responsible for professional training at the bac + 2 (DUT) and bac + 3 (LPRO) levels.

The list of available programs evolves based on the needs of the regional and national labor market. Currently, the programs include:
 Agro-Business
 Management Assistant
 Accounting Finance Audit
 Water, Environment, and Renewable Energies
 Computer Engineering and Telecommunications
 Hospitality Tourism

References

External links 
 IUFP Ségou

Ségou
Ségou
8090 aluminium alloy. 8090 aluminium alloy is produced using lithium, copper and magnesium as additives. It is commonly used in aerospace due to having a lower density than 6000 or 2000 series aluminium. 8090 aluminium was developed as a replacement to 2114 and 2024 alloys and has a higher elastic modulus and lower density.

Chemical composition

Applications 
Aluminium 8090 is used in aerospace applications due to its low density; for example it is used in the AgustaWestland EH101 helicopter. 8090 can also be extruded.

References

External links 
 Material Properties

Aluminium alloys
Albin Weisbach. Albin Weisbach (December 6, 1833 – February 26, 1901) was a German mineralogist and professor of mineralogy at the mining academy at Freiberg. He studied various minerals and described and named several including trögerite, walpurgin, zeuerite, rbagite, titanium zonite, uranospinite, uranocircite, cobalt spar, arnimite, and argyrodite.

Life and work 
Weisbach was born in Freiberg, son of professor Julius Weisbach and Marie née Winkler. He grew up in a circle of mining professors and became interested in minerals. He joined the Freiberg Gymnasium in 1842 and went to the mining academy in 1850. His favorite teacher was Ferdinand Reich. He then went to Göttingen and Paris, studying metallurgy and in 1824 he returned to Freiberg as an inspector. In 1827 he taught physics, from 1830 petrification, and chemistry from 1842. He became a senior metallurgical assayer in 1856. August Breithaupt became a guide and close friend. He learned crystallography from his father and received a doctorate from Heidelberg in 1857 with a dissertation on the monstrosities of tesseral crystal forming minerals. He began to teach mineralogy and became professor of mineralogy in 1866 following the retirement of Breithaupt.

Weisbach married Lea, née Schwamkrug and they had four children. He suffered from a cardiac arrest and moved to the sanatorium at Naunhof near Leipzig where he died.

Writings 
 Über die Monstrositäten tesseral kristallisierender Mineralien. Freiberg 1858
 Tabellen zur Bestimmung der Mineralien mittels äußerer Kennzeichen. Leipzig 1866

References 

1833 births
1901 deaths
German mineralogists