omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Tsong Yueh Chen. Tsong Yueh Chen () is an Australian academic at the Swinburne University of Technology who is a professor and researcher in program testing and debugging. He is ranked internationally as the most prolific author in metamorphic testing.

Chen received the BSc and MPhil from The University of Hong Kong, the MSc and DIC from Imperial College London, and the PhD from The University of Melbourne under the supervision of Jean-Louis Lassez. He has an h-index of 62.

In 2021, Chen et al. were selected as the Grand Champion of the Most Influential Paper Award by the Journal of Systems and Software for their 2010 paper.

In January 2024, Chen was selected for the ACM SIGSOFT Outstanding Research Award 2024 “for contributions to software testing through the invention and development of metamorphic testing”. This award is presented to individual(s) who have made significant and lasting research contributions to the theory or practice of software engineering. As tokens of recognition, Chen was invited to give a keynote speech at the International Conference on Software Engineering in April 2024, and was interviewed by ACM SIGSOFT Software Engineering Notes after his presentation.

In December 2024, IEEE announced the election of Tsong Yueh Chen as an IEEE Fellow in the class of 2025 “for contributions to software testing through the invention of metamorphic testing and adaptive random testing”. Only three software engineers were elected as  IEEE Fellows in the same year.

Selected publications 

 
 
 
 
 
 .

References

External links
Swinburne University of Technology biography

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Computer scientists
Software engineering researchers
Software testing people
Alumni of Imperial College London
Academic staff of Swinburne University of Technology
List of Boeing 777X orders and deliveries. This article lists the orders and deliveries for the Boeing B777X family, currently produced by Boeing.

Summary of orders and deliveries by type

Orders and deliveries by customer

Detailed orders and deliveries by customer

Summary of the orders and deliveries by customers

Orders and deliveries by year

Distributive representation

Cumulative representation

See also
 List of Airbus A330 orders and deliveries
 List of Airbus A350 orders and deliveries
 List of Boeing 777 orders and deliveries
 List of Boeing 787 orders and deliveries

References

Orders
777X
Gil West. Wayne "Gil" West is an American businessman, and the CEO of Hertz Global Holdings since April 2024.

West earned a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from North Carolina State University in 1984, and an MBA from National University in 1990.

West was chief operating officer (COO) of Delta Airlines from March 2014 to October 2020. He was COO of General Motors' self-driving cars Cruise division from January 2021 to December 2023.

On 15 March 2024, it was announced that West would succeed Stephen Scherr as CEO of Hertz on 1 April 2024.

References

Living people
American chief executives in the automobile industry
North Carolina State University alumni
General Motors people
National University (California) alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Gross ecosystem product. The Gross Ecosystem Product (GEP) is an innovative metric developed to account for the economic value of ecosystem services within broader economic evaluations, traditionally measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP). While GDP provides a quantitative measure of all goods and services produced economically within a country, it does not consider the ecological services that underpin economic output. GEP addresses this oversight by measuring the contribution of ecosystems through direct products, regulation services such as climate control, and cultural services like tourism.

Overview and application 
China introduced a national standard for GEP in 2020, integrating ecological values into its economic assessment framework. This initiative has led to its adoption at several governmental levels. By 2023, 15 local governments in China had developed guidelines to implement GEP, initiating approximately 200 related projects. In Zhejiang, the first province to implement these rules, the performance of local officials is evaluated in part by the economic values assigned to local ecosystems, such as a US$43 million value attributed to the Chengtian Radon Spring Nature Reserve.

GEP is also used in economic modeling to provide a comprehensive view of the interplay between economic and ecological health. For example, the MAGNET model, developed by the Joint Research Centre (JRC) and Wageningen Economic Research, incorporates GEP to analyze how policies can simultaneously affect economic output and ecosystem conditions. This model helps policymakers make informed decisions that strive to harmonize economic development with environmental sustainability.

The ongoing development of GEP aims to improve its precision and practicality in economic and environmental policy-making. By assigning monetary values to ecosystem services, GEP facilitates a deeper understanding of their critical role in sustainable economic development. This approach ensures that strategies for economic growth also support ecological well-being, emphasizing a balanced approach to development.

See also 

 Ecological economics
 Sustainability metrics and indices
 Sustainability measurement
 Ecological footprint
 Environmental accounting
 Environmental Performance Index

References 

Sustainability metrics and indices
Sustainable development
Environmental social science concepts
Paulette Clancy. Paulette Clancy is a British physicist who is Professor of Materials Science at Johns Hopkins University. Her research investigates the development of machine learning strategies to advance innovation in materials design, with a focus on complex situations.

Early life and education 
Clancy is from London. She was an undergraduate student at Queen Elizabeth College, where she studied chemistry. She moved to the University of Oxford for her doctoral research in physical chemistry.

Research and career 
Clancy was a postdoctoral researcher at both Cornell University and the University of London. While at Cornell, she bought a Chevrolet Camaro and drove all around North America. She returned to the United Kingdom, where she worked for an oil company.

In 1987, Clancy joined the faculty at Cornell University. She spent over thirty years at Cornell, eight as the Director of the Computational Science and Engineering and Bodman Chair of Chemical Engineering. Clancy founded the Women in Science community at Cornell, and has advocated for equity and inclusion throughout her career. She joined the faculty at the Whiting School of Engineering in 2018, and was appointed the Edward J. Schaefer Professor in 2023.

Clancy's research investigates the use of computational materials science. She looks to understand the relationship between atomic structure and material properties. At Johns Hopkins University, she leads the Data Science and AI Initiative. Her research involves computational simulations of semiconducting materials, include inorganic (e.g. silicon and germanium) and molecular systems. She is interested in the simulation of complex organic systems (e.g. antibacterial oligomers and covalent organic frameworks), understanding processes involved during nucleation and crystal growth, and the development of large-scale models for materials innovation (machine learning, force fields, Bayesian optimisation).

Awards and honours 
 Alice Cook Award
 Cornell University Zellman Warhaft Award 
 Elected to the board of directors 
 Elected a Fellow of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE)
 Elected to the advisory board of Materials Horizons

Selected publications

References 

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Scientists from London
Cornell University faculty
Alumni of Queen Elizabeth College
Alumni of the University of Oxford
Alumni of the University of London
Johns Hopkins University faculty
Fellows of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers
British emigrants to the United States
British materials scientists
20th-century British women scientists
21st-century British women scientists
Dow process (phenol). The Dow process is a method of phenol production through the hydrolysis of chlorobenzene.

Details 
Benzene can be easily converted to chlorobenzene by nucleophilic aromatic substitution via a benzyne intermediate. It is treated with aqueous sodium hydroxide at 350 °C and 300 bar or molten sodium hydroxide at 350 °C to convert it to sodium phenoxide, which yields phenol upon acidification.
When 1-[14C]-1-chlorobenzene was subjected to aqueous NaOH at 395 °C, ipso substitution product 1-[14C]-phenol was formed in 54% yield, while cine substitution product 2-[14C]-phenol was formed in 43% yield, indicating that an elimination-addition (benzyne) mechanism is predominant, with perhaps a small amount of product from addition-elimination (SNAr).

References

Chemical processes
Cristián Bowen. Cristián Andrés Bowen Garfias (Santiago, April 18, 1980) is a Chilean civil engineer and politician, member of the Christian Democratic Party (PDC). He served as Undersecretary of Transportation during the second government of President Michelle Bachelet, from 2014 to 2016.

Family and studies 
Born in Providencia, he is the son of programmer Juan Cristián Bowen del Valle and social worker, María Gabriela Garfias Alcérreca. He studied industrial civil engineering and economics at the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile (PUC) and then completed a master's degree in public administration at Harvard University, United States. He has been married to psychologist Alejandra Wormald Langdon since 2010, and they have twins.

Public career 
During 2005 he was executive director of the "Corporación Construyendo Futuro". From 2006 to 2007, during Michelle Bachelet's first government, he served as an advisor to the Ministry of Transport and Telecommunications (MTT). He also worked as a partner of Neoner, the Non-Conventional Renewable Energy Company, and as a board member and advisor on administrative and legislative matters. Later, he served as the executive director of "Fundación América Solidaria". From 2008 to 2010, he worked as a parliamentary advisor in the areas of Transport, Public Works, and Telecommunications.

In the municipal elections of 2012, he was candidate for mayor of the commune of Renca. He was part of Claudio Orrego's territorial team in the primary elections and later joined Michelle Bachelet's presidential campaign in the "Programmatic Commission of Transportation". He worked as an associate consultant for "CIS, Ingenieros Consultores" until 2014.

After Michelle Bachelet won the presidency, he served as Undersecretary of Transportation from March 11, 2014, until November 18, 2016, when President Bachelet made a cabinet change.

References 

Living people
1980 births
Politicians from Santiago, Chile
Pontifical Catholic University of Chile alumni
Harvard Kennedy School alumni
Christian Democratic Party (Chile) politicians
21st-century Chilean politicians
21st-century Chilean economists
Artificial Intelligence (book). Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a university textbook on artificial intelligence, written by Patrick Henry Winston. It was first published in 1977, and the third edition of the book was released in 1992. It was used as the course textbook for MIT course 6.034.

Content 
The book is intended to explain how computers reason and perceive, and introduce the field of artificial intelligence. It describes the field, both as a branch of engineering and as a science, providing a computational perspective. Ideas for representing knowledge, using knowledge, and building practical systems are provided. The intended audience includes engineers, computer scientists, psychologists, biologists, linguists, or philosophers.

Editions 
Three editions were published in total (1977, 1984, 1992). The first edition included a section on Lisp programming. The second edition removed the Lisp section, and added chapters on logic, and learning. Implementation details for the second edition were provide by the companion book, LISP second edition (Winston and Horn). The third edition was significantly changed, adding a section on learning, including neural networks. The third edition was also updated to reflect changes in computer performance that had occurred since the second edition was published, and to address artificial intelligence at scale.

Reception 
Cambridge University Press reviewer Tony Owen found the 1984 edition to be complete and suitable for classroom work. In addition, he highlighted the companion book LISP. ACM reviewer Doris Appleby commented that the 2nd and 3rd editions were better suited to those working in fields related to Artificial Intelligence. In this way she felt that Winston had chosen the path of popularizing Artificial Intelligence, making the text more of a general survey. The procedural English methods (half-English, half-program form) used to describe algorithms and programs in the text were regarded as satisfactory. Appleby also highlighted the companion book LISP in her review of the third edition.

References

See also
 LISP (book)
 Paradigms of AI Programming
 Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach

External links
 
 
 
 
 

1977 non-fiction books
1984 non-fiction books
1993 non-fiction books
Artificial intelligence textbooks
Cognitive science literature
English-language non-fiction books
Robotics books
Ardalan Vahidi. Ardalan Vahidi is an Iranian-American mechanical engineer, specializing in optimal control and estimation, energy-efficient mobility, connected and automated vehicles, electrified transportation, and human bioenergetics during exercise. He is known for his pioneering contributions to methods that significantly enhance the energy efficiency of vehicles, particularly connected and automated vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles. Vahidi has collaborated with major manufacturers such as BMW, Ford, and Cummins, and has led numerous federally sponsored projects, culminating in successful on-road demonstrations. His work has been instrumental in achieving up to 30% energy savings in vehicles through innovative algorithms and real-time optimization techniques.

Early life and education
Ardalan Vahidi completed his Ph.D. at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, in 2005. Prior to that, he earned his M.S. degree in Transportation Safety from George Washington University in 2001, following B.S. and M.S. degrees in Civil Engineering from Sharif University in 1996 and 1998 respectively.

Career

Vahidi joined Clemson University's Department of Mechanical Engineering in 2005, where he currently serves as a professor. His research focuses on developing advanced control and estimation algorithms to improve the efficiency and performance of various transportation systems. He has been particularly active in the areas of energy-efficient driving, vehicle connectivity, and autonomous driving technologies.

Research contributions
Throughout his career, Vahidi has made significant contributions to the field of energy-efficient mobility. His research leverages vehicle connectivity to anticipate upcoming energy demands and vehicle autonomy to provide precise control over vehicle motion. By employing real-time optimization techniques, his algorithms can devise motion plans that preserve energy, leading to reduced fuel consumption and emissions. Examples of his work include minimizing idling at urban intersections and optimizing driving behavior in stop-and-go traffic, which not only benefit individual vehicles but also contribute to traffic harmonization and overall energy efficiency.

Awards and recognition
In 2024, he was elected as an IEEE Fellow, one of the highest honors bestowed by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. This recognition underscores his exceptional achievements in the control of connected, automated, and hybrid vehicles, as well as his commitment to advancing energy-efficient mobility solutions. He was also promoted to Fellow in The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) in 2020.

References

Fellows of the IEEE
Iranian scholars
Clemson University faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Mechanical engineers
Quintauris. Quintauris is a European joint company specialized in development of RISC-V based technologies. Currently located in Germany, the company aims to support and standardize RISC-V commercially.

History
On August 4, 2023, 5 semiconductor companies Robert Bosch GmbH, Infineon Technologies AG, Nordic Semiconductor, NXP Semiconductors, and Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. have announced the foundation of a joint company aimed at advancing the adoption of RISC-V as an ISA, commercializing it and setting industry standards. The company has been formally established and dubbed Quintauris on 22 December of the same year. On 29 August 2024, STMicroelectronics announced they join Quintauris as the sixth shareholder.

See also
 European Processor Initiative
 SiFive
 lowRISC

References

Open microprocessors
Open hardware organizations and companies
Semiconductor companies
Engineering companies of Europe
Tahira Reid Smith. Tahira Reid Smith is an American inventor and mechanical engineering professor known for her invention of the automated Double Dutch machine.

Early life and education 
Tahira Reid Smith was born and raised in the Bronx, New York. Smith was born the only child and a first generation American to Jamaican immigrant parents. When in the third grade, Smith won a youth poster contest where she first came up with the idea for her Double Dutch machine. Smith received her Bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) in 2000. During her undergraduate career, Smith took a class called "Introduction to Engineering Design" with Professor Burt Swersey, who would become her mentor and co-inventor for her double dutch patent. With direction from Swersey, Smith began to develop her Double Dutch machine. Smith also received her Master's degree in mechanical engineering from RPI in 2004. In 2010, she obtained her PhD in Design Science from the University of Michigan.

Career 
Smith received her first patent for her Double Dutch machine in 1999. As part of the Lemelson Center's symposium, "The Playful Mind", Smith displayed her Double Dutch machine at the National Museum of American History in 2000. In 2003, she obtained her second patent for her Double Dutch invention. Because of her Double Dutch invention, Smith has been featured in the New York Times magazine, NBC's Today Show, and her story has been shared in a few children's books. She has received funding for projects from the National Science Foundation, Proctor and Gamble, and the Air Force Research Laboratory. Smith's research has been featured in several peer reviewed journals and conference publications. In 2018, Smith was presented with the American Society for Engineering Education Outstanding New Mechanical Engineering Educator award, along with being featured as an inventor in the Smithsonian Lemelson Center's Game Changers series.

Smith teaches undergraduate and graduate level courses in mechanical engineering at Purdue University. She also serves as the director of the Research in Engineering and Interdisciplinary Design (REID) Laboratory at Purdue University. She founded and serves as the co-chair of the Trailblazers in Engineering program at Purdue University. She also co-founded the Black in Engineering collective.

Further reading 

 Riordan, Teresa. (2000-02-14). "Patents; An inventor makes good on a third-grade notion." The New York Times.

References 

Inventors from New York (state)
Purdue University faculty
Living people
University of Michigan alumni
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni
People from the Bronx
American people of Jamaican descent
Year of birth missing (living people)
American women inventors
American mechanical engineers
Engineers from New York City
American women engineers
21st-century African-American scientists
VN22. The VN22 is a family of Chinese wheeled 6x6 armoured fighting vehicles intended for export. Designed and produced by Norinco, it was first unveiled at the 13th China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition in 2021.

Design 
Like many contemporary wheeled AFVs, the design of the VN22 is split into three main sections. The front situates both the driver, along with the engine that is mounted in a separate compartment to the right of the driver. The middle houses both the commander and the operator of the remote controlled weapon station mounted on top of the hull. The rear space is reserved for accommodate for up to eight mounted infantry.

Armament 
The first VN22 shown at Zhuhai Airshow 2021 was armed with a remotely operated turret housing a 30 mm autocannon, along with two HJ-12 anti-tank guided missiles on a retractable mount that is protected inside the turret when not in the firing position. Both the gunner and commander are equipped with independent panoramic sights with thermal imagers.

Since the VN22 was designed to be modular, the platform can be mounted with a variety of different turrets offering various weapon configurations.

Protection 
The vehicle has appliqué armour plating covering the majority of the vehicle. When fully equipped, they give the vehicle the ability to protect against 14.5 mm amour-piercing rounds from all directions. The VN22 also features a V-shaped hull for enhanced protection against landmines and IEDs.

In terms of active protection, the vehicle is equipped with 10 smoke grenade dischargers on the front of the turret. The VN22 is also equipped with the GL6 hard-kill active protection system (APS), with one launcher containing two charges being mounted on top of both sides of the turret. The GL6 functions similarly to the Israeli Iron Fist active protection system.

Variants

People's Republic of China 

 VN22 - Original infantry fighting vehicle variant. It can be equipped with various different turrets featuring differing armament configurations.

 VN22B - Assault gun variant featuring a larger, manned turret that resembles the one used on the WMA301. It is armed with a 105 mm cannon that is capable of firing all standard NATO 105 mm ammunition.

 VN22 ARV - Armoured recovery vehicle based on the VN22 platform.

 VN22 Ambulance - Armoured ambulance based on the VN22 platform.

 VN22 Directed Energy Weapon - Variant with a directed energy weapon.

Operators 

  - Burkina Faso Armed Forces: Approximately 25 units received in 2024.
  - Iraqi Ground Forces: Manufactured locally under license. Localised variant features a manned, open-top turret armed with a 12.7 mm CS/LM5 heavy machine gun.
  - Armed Forces of the Republic of Ivory Coast: 6 VN22B.
  - Armed Forces of Senegal: 1 VN22 ARV, 1 VN22 Ambulance, 3 VN22B.

References 

Norinco
Wheeled armoured fighting vehicles