omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Syledis. Syledis (SYstem LEger pour mesure la DIStance) was a terrestrial radio navigation and locating system. The system operated in the UHF segment of 420-450 MHz. It was manufactured in France by Sercel S.A., headquarters Carquefou, and was operational during the 1980s and until about 1995, providing positioning and navigational support for the petroleum sector in the North Sea and to other scientific projects. Syledis has been replaced by GPS.

Functioning
Determination of the position of mobile vehicles, like f.e. vessels, using Syledis is accomplished by measurement of transit time of radio waves between mobiles and radio stations at known points. There are two modes of operation, active range mode and passive pseudo-range mode.

Further explanation of the functioning of the Syledis positioning system
A vessel is equipped with a transmitter that transmits a coded signal to at least three radio beacons each placed at a known point. The beacons send the code back to the transmitter. The returned coded signal is placed in a timeslot to determine the origin of the returned code. Therefore, in an earlier stage a specified timeslot is connected to a specific beacon.

The elapsed time is proportional to twice the distance between the transmitter and the beacons. After the distance to the beacons is derived the position of the vessel can be calculated. The transmitter computes the distances to the beacons and a computer, connected with the transmitter, computes the position of the vessel.

Possible causes for measurement inaccuracy
The Syledis system has a measurement sensitivity that can be expressed in centimeters. Due to weather conditions the wave propagation speed, for electromagnetic waves in air almost the speed of light, can change. In wet conditions, rain or snow, the wave propagation is a little bit slower than in dry conditions. So that gives an inaccuracy in determining the correct position of the vessel.

Another important factor is the length of the cables used to connect the antennas with the radio beacons at the shore, for example placed on lighthouses, or on oil rig platforms and the cable(s) to connect the antenna with the transmitter at the vessel. Normally the antenna will be placed at the top of the mast and the transmitter will be placed in the wheelhouse, where the captain and the mate can see the displays of the transmitter. 
Those cables has to be calibrated in order to obtain the smallest possible measurement uncertainty.

References

Measurement
Radio navigation
Ubiquitous computing
Wireless locating
Geopositioning
Orenco (aircraft manufacturer). Orenco was an American aircraft manufacturer founded in 1916 in New York as Ordnance Engineering Corporation. Confusion with the Ordnance Branch of the United States Army led to the shortening of the name in 1919. The company's first project was the Orenco A in 1917, but they received no orders for it. The Orenco B and C received small orders, but the Orenco D was the most successful of their aircraft. The US Army Air Service (USAAS) bought four prototypes, but the order for 50 production aircraft was given to the lowest bidder, in this case Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company.

Orenco's projects in civil aviation failed as well, due to the number of aircraft available after the end of World War I. The company consequently went out of business.

Aircraft

References

Bibliography 
 

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United States
Defunct manufacturing companies based in New York (state)
American companies established in 1916
Bancroft Gherardi Jr.. Bancroft Gherardi Jr. (April 6, 1873 – August 14, 1941) was a noted American electrical engineer, known for his pioneering work in developing the early telephone systems in the United States. Recognized as one of the foremost authorities in telephone engineering, Gherardi was instrumental in developing the transcontinental telephone service in 1915 and the trans-Atlantic radio telephone service in 1927. He was awarded the IEEE Edison Medal in 1932 for "contributions to the art of telephone engineering and the development of electrical communication".

Education and service
Gherardi was born in San Francisco on April 6, 1873, son of Bancroft and Anna Talbot (Rockwell) Gherardi. Gherardi received his B.S. in electrical engineering from the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn in 1891, and his M.E. and M.M.E degrees from Cornell University in 1893 and 1894, respectively. He received an honorary D. Eng. degree from the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn in 1933.

Work
Gherardi is widely recognized as one of the foremost authorities on early telephone engineering for his role in several landmark projects such as the transcontinental telephone service in 1915 and the trans-Atlantic radio telephone service in 1927. He also personally supervised the construction of a "loaded" cable between New York City and Newark, New Jersey, the first such application based on the invention of Michael I. Pupin that improved the transmission on telephone circuits.

Gherardi was a fellow of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, and served as its president from 1927 to 1928. He was a member of the United Engineering Society, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, American Standards Association, New York Electrical Society, and the Franklin Institute. He was also inducted into the  National Academy of Sciences, and served as the president of the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn's alumni association.

References

External links
National Academy of Sciences Biographical Memoir

1873 births
1941 deaths
Cornell University College of Engineering alumni
American electrical engineers
American people of Corsican descent
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
Polytechnic Institute of New York University alumni
19th-century American engineers
20th-century American engineers
Engineers from California
Engineers from San Francisco
IEEE Edison Medal recipients
HCMOS. HCMOS ("high-speed CMOS") is the set of specifications for electrical ratings and characteristics, forming the 74HC00 family, a part of the 7400 series of integrated circuits.

The 74HC00 family followed, and improved upon, the 74C00 series (which provided an alternative CMOS logic family to the 4000 series but retained the part number scheme and pinouts of the standard 7400 series (especially the 74LS00 series)) .
    
Some specifications include:
DC supply voltage
DC input voltage range
DC output voltage range
input rise and fall times
output rise and fall times

HCMOS also stands for high-density CMOS.  The term was used to describe microprocessors, and other complex integrated circuits, which use a smaller manufacturing processes, producing more transistors per area. The Freescale 68HC11 is an example of a popular HCMOS microcontroller.

Variations

 HCT stands for high-speed CMOS with transistor–transistor logic voltages.  These devices are similar to the HCMOS types except they will operate at standard TTL power supply voltages and logic input levels. This allows for direct pin-to-pin compatible CMOS replacements to reduce power consumption without loss of speed.
 HCU stands for high-speed CMOS un-buffered.  This type of CMOS contains no buffer and is ideal for crystals and other ceramic oscillators needing linearity. 
 VHCMOS, or AHC, stands for very high-speed CMOS or advanced high-speed CMOS. Typical propagation delay time is between 3 ns and 4 ns.  The speed is similar to Bipolar Schottky transistor TTL.
 AHCT stands for advanced high-speed CMOS with TTL inputs. Typical propagation delay time is between 5 ns and 6 ns.

References

External links
HCMOS Design Considerations, Texas Instruments

Integrated circuits
Digital electronics
Orenco D. The Orenco D was an American biplane fighter aircraft, designed by Orenco and built by Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company.  It was the first fighter type of completely indigenous design (as opposed to foreign types or American-built versions of foreign types) to enter US military service.

Development
The D prototype was offered to the US Army Air Service at the end of 1918. It was a two-bay biplane of all-wood construction, covered with fabric. It was powered by a  Hispano-Suiza engine. The pilot of the first flight test, Clarence B. Coombs, gave it a positive evaluation: "This aircraft performs better than the Sopwith Camel and Snipe, the Thomas-Morse, the Nieuport and Morane Parasol, the Spad and S.V.A." The military ordered 50 production aircraft, but put the production order up for bidding. Curtiss Aircraft entered the lowest bid and built the fighter, modifying it slightly with a wider wingspan and redesigned ailerons. The first Curtiss Orenco D flew on 26 August 1921.

Variants
Orenco D  Prototype, four built

Curtiss Orenco D  Production aircraft, 50 built

Orenco D-2  Prototype based on Curtiss Orenco D. three built, under military designation PW-3.

Operators

United States Army Air Service

Specifications
Data from: Flight: The Aircraft Engineer & Airships, "Some 'Orenco' (U.S.A) Aeroplanes", 1 April 1920, pp. 363–366.

Curtiss Orenco D

Data quoted here may differ in some respects from that quoted by Angelucci.

General characteristics

crew: one
length: 
Height: 
Upper Wing
Span: 
Area: 
Lower wing
Span: 
Area: 
Total wing area (including ailerons): 
Wing gap: 
Wing stagger: 
Empty weight: 
Gross weight: 
Powerplant: one × Wright-Hispano H 
Fuel Capacity:

Performance

Speed
At sea level: 
At : 
Time to climb
To : 4 min 20 s
To : 8 min 54 s
To : 16 min 45 s
Service ceiling: 
Range at full speed:

Armament

2 ×  machine guns

Orenco D2

General characteristics

crew: one
length: 
Height: 
Upper Wing
Span: 
Area: 
Lower wing
Span: 
Area: 
Total wing area (including ailerons): 
Wing gap: 
Wing stagger: 
Empty weight: 
Gross weight: 
Powerplant: one × Wright-Hispano H 
Fuel Capacity:

Performance

Speed
At sea level: 
At : 
Time to climb
To : 4 min
To : 8 min 30 s
To : 13 min 50 s
Range at full speed:

References

Bibliography
 

1910s United States fighter aircraft
Curtiss aircraft
D
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1919
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
WAGR Dd class. The WAGR Dd class was a class of 4-6-4T tank locomotive operated by the Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR) between 1946 and 1972.

History
The Dd type was an evolution of the Dm class. However unlike the Dm class which used components of the old E Class tender engines, the Dd class components were all new. All were built at the Midland Railway Workshops entering service between April and November 1946. They were built to haul suburban passenger services in Perth, although they did on occasions work to Bunbury on the South Western and Merredin on the Eastern lines.
The first were withdrawn in 1969, with the remainder in 1970/71 following the entry into service of the ADK/ADB class diesel multiple units.

Preservation
Two have been preserved:
Dd592 was preserved by the Australian Railway Historical Society in July 1972. In May 1984, Westrail commenced work at Midland Railway Workshops to restore it to operational condition as a Bicentennial project. It returned to service on 20 July 1985 and remained in service until August 1995. It became a static exhibit at the Western Australian Rail Transport Museum in May 1999. 
Dd596 was also purchased by the Australian Railway Historical Society in April 1974 and was placed on display at the Western Australian Rail Transport Museum. In July 1990 it was placed on display at the Gosnells Railway Market.

Class list
The numbers and periods in service of each member of the Dd class were as follows:

See also

Rail transport in Western Australia
List of Western Australian locomotive classes

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links

Railway locomotives introduced in 1946
Dmd WAGR class
3 ft 6 in gauge locomotives of Australia
4-6-4T locomotives
Passenger locomotives
WAGR N class. The WAGR N class was a class of steam locomotives operated by the Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR) from 1896 until 1960.

History
In September 1896, five Neilson & Co built N class entered service hauling suburban trains around Perth between Fremantle and Midland Junction and on the Kalgoorlie-Boulder loop. Robert Stephenson & Co built a further twelve in 1898/99 and Nasmyth, Wilson & Co a further fifteen in 1901. In 1907/08 a further ten were added, when the Midland Railway Workshops converted ten O class. With the cessation of suburban services in Kalgoorlie, all were transferred to Perth.

Most remained in service until replaced by Dm and Dd class locomotives in the 1940s and ADH class diesel multiple units in the 1950s. The last two were withdrawn in September 1960.

N201 has been preserved at the Western Australian Rail Transport Museum.

Class list
The numbers and periods in service of each member of the N class were as follows:

Namesake
The N class designation was reused in the 1970s when the N class diesel locomotives entered service.

See also

Rail transport in Western Australia
List of Western Australian locomotive classes

References

Notes

Cited works

External links

Nasmyth, Wilson and Company locomotives
Neilson locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1896
Robert Stephenson and Company locomotives
N WAGR class
3 ft 6 in gauge locomotives of Australia
4-4-4T locomotives
Passenger locomotives
WAGR C class (1880). The WAGR C Class was a class of steam locomotives built by Robert Stephenson and Company for the Western Australian Government Railways in 1880 to the same design as the NZR F class.

History
The C class were ordered from Robert Stephenson and Company, Newcastle to operate services on the first railway line in Perth, which was the Eastern Railway from Fremantle to Guildford. However they were not ready when the line opened on 1 March 1881, with number 1 released from final assembly at Fremantle Railway Workshops the following day with number 2 entering service in May 1881. When delivered, they did not have bunkers with the wood that fired them having to be stowed in the cabs, so bunkers were retrofitted in May 1881 and August 1881. When engine class designations were introduced in 1885, they became the C class, numbered C1 and C2.

As the Perth railway network grew it became clear that the C class had insufficient fuel capacity. Both were rebuilt as 0-6-0STT saddle-tank tender engines with a small four-wheeled tender and new cylinders. This conversion necessitated the removal of the back cab wall. The original coal bunkers and cab front were retained although the bunkers were not used for coal storage.

The conversion of C1 was necessitated both through this insufficient capacity and also due to its having been involved in an accident in a crash on the Eastern Railway near Boya on 8 December 1885. It was recovered and transported back to the Fremantle Railway Workshops but did not re-enter service until 1887, when it emerged with its new tender. It had also been fitted with vacuum brakes.

Upon completion, they were reallocated to Spencers Brook to operate services to Northam, York and Beverley. Both were sold around the turn of the century for further service in the timber industry.

Class list

Preservation
C1 has been preserved at the Western Australian Rail Transport Museum.

Namesakes
The C class designation was reused for the C class locomotives from 1902 and again in the 1960s when the C class diesel locomotives entered service.

See also
Rail transport in Western Australia
List of Western Australian locomotive classes

References

External links

Railway locomotives introduced in 1881
Robert Stephenson and Company locomotives
C WAGR class (1881)
0-6-0T locomotives
3 ft 6 in gauge locomotives of Australia
Tehachapi Renewable Transmission Project. The Tehachapi Renewable Transmission Project is a project involving the construction of approximately  of new and upgraded high-voltage transmission lines for transmission of electricity from wind farms and other generating units in southeastern Kern County, California to Los Angeles County and San Bernardino County.

The project, developed and operated by Southern California Edison, commenced construction on March 7, 2008 and was completed and placed in operation in December 2016.  With a capacity of 4,500 megawatts, the transmission system can provide power for an estimated 3 million homes.

It passes through sections of the Tehachapi Mountains, Sierra Pelona Mountains, and Antelope Valley.

State laws requiring SCE to provide at least 33% of its power service from renewable sources by 2020 is driving the project. SCE had no interest in owning the land that the project is on, but needed to construct the transmission system nonetheless to meet the renewable source laws.

See also
Hope for the Hills
List of wind farms in the United States
Tehachapi Wind Resource Area

References

External links

California Public Utilities Commission page for the TRTP

Energy infrastructure in California
Electric power transmission systems in the United States
Southern California Edison
Buildings and structures in Kern County, California
Buildings and structures in Los Angeles County, California
Sierra Pelona Ridge
R
2016 establishments in California
CMA CGM Medea. CMA CGM Medea is a container ship built in 2006.

Design 
CMA CGM Medea was built in 2006 in the shipyard of Hyundai Heavy Industries. She is  long and has a beam of . The draft, while the ship is fully loaded can reach a maximum of . The ship has a deadweight tonnage of 113,909 metric tons and a gross tonnage of 107,711 gross tons. The net tonnage of CMA CGM Medea is 50,109 net tons. The vessel has a capacity for 9,415 TEU containers, according to company calculations.

Engine equipment 
The main engine installed on board of CMA CGM Medea is a MAN B&W 12K98MC. This produces a cruising speed of , with a maximum speed of . In addition the ship has two bow thrusters with power of  each, for added manoeuvrability in ports.

Bridge equipment 
The bridge equipment consists of GPS, dGPS, Automatic Identification System (AIS) and Automatic Radar Plotting Aid (ARPA), which usually allows the position of the ship to be plotted with an accuracy of .  The electronic chart system, ECDIS, plots the ship's position against nautical charts automatically. The information from the AIS, ARPA and radar is used to allow the bridge crew to accurately plot the positions of other ships in the vicinity.

See also

References

External links

CMA CGM S.A.

Container ships
Merchant ships of Panama
2006 ships
Ships built by Hyundai Heavy Industries Group
Medea
Matt Walters. Matthew Jeremy Walters (born August 22, 1979) is a former American football defensive end who played in the National Football League (NFL) for the New York Jets.

Career
While at Eau Gallie High School, Walters lettered in three sports, including golf and basketball. Scouted by Baylor University as well as the universities of Florida and Virginia, he chose the University of Miami. Majoring in mechanical engineering at "The U", Walters distinguished himself academically, being named a 2002 First-team Verizon Academic All-American as well as winning the 2002 Big East Football Scholar-Athlete Award.

Walters was drafted in the fifth round of the 2003 NFL draft (selection 150 overall) by the New York Jets. Walters is currently pursuing a career as an amateur triathlete training under his coach, Ed Donner.

Personal life
Walters' nephew, Andrew Walters, plays in Major League Baseball for the Cleveland Guardians.

References

External links
NFL player profile
Pro Football Reference profile

1979 births
American football defensive ends
Living people
Miami Hurricanes football players
New York Jets players
Sportspeople from Melbourne, Florida
Players of American football from Brevard County, Florida
Cologne Centurions (NFL Europe) players
20th-century American sportsmen
Gunvald Aus. Gunvald Aus, also written Aas (May 30, 1851 – May 27, 1950) was a Norwegian-American engineer. He is most associated with the engineering of the Woolworth Building in New York City.

Background
He was born the son of Gabriel Godfrey Aas and Sophie Schroeder in Haugesund in the county of Rogaland, Norway. He was educated at the Bergen Technical School (now Norwegian University of Science and Technology (1879). He graduated from the Technical University of Munich (1882). He was then hired in the Norwegian Directorate of Public Roads as an assistant to Road Director Hans Hagerup Krag, but left for the United States in 1883. Initially, he was employed by railroad and highway bridge designer Theodore Cooper.

Career
Having worked in different companies, including the Phoenix Bridge Company, he was hired as chief engineer in the United States Department of the Treasury. In 1902, he started his own firm of consulting engineers, Gusvald Aus Company in New York City. The firm completed the engineering work for a number of projects including Harkness Memorial Quadrangle at Yale University, the Minnesota State Capitol in St. Paul and the Library building at Northwestern University. Together with his chief assistant, Kort Berle, he later was involved in the construction of the Woolworth Building. Gunvald Aus Company designed the steel frame, supported on massive caissons that penetrate to the bedrock.

During 1914, he did the structural engineering for the construction of the Austin, Nichols & Company Warehouse in Brooklyn, a building significant for its architecture and engineering. It was one of many collaborations with architect Cass Gilbert and was viewed as an "engineering marvel".

In 1915, he retired from active leadership in business and handed control to Kort Berle. Gunvald Aus had become an American citizen in 1892 but he returned to Norway and in 1917 he regained his Norwegian citizenship. In 1910, he and his family acquired property at Vennelslund in Vollen in Asker. He served for a period as a local politician in Asker. He was a member of the district council and executive committee from 1923 to 1928 and deputy mayor from 1923 to 1925. He died in Asker in 1950.

References

Other sources
Bjork, Kenneth (1947) Saga in Steel and Concrete – Norwegian Engineers in America ( Northfield, MN: Norwegian-American Historical Association) 
Fenske, Gail (2008) The Skyscraper and the City: The Woolworth Building and the Making of Modern New York (Chicago: University of Chicago Press)

External links
 The Woolworth Building in New York

1851 births
1950 deaths
American civil engineers
19th-century Norwegian engineers
Technical University of Munich alumni
Norwegian emigrants to the United States
Akershus politicians
Asker politicians
People from Haugesund
Directorate of Public Roads people
19th-century American engineers
20th-century American engineers
Board-to-board connector. Board-to-board (BTB) connectors are used to connect printed circuit boards (PCB), electronic components that contain a conductive pattern printed on the surface of the insulating base in an accurate and repeatable manner. Each terminal on a BTB connector is connected to a PCB.
A BTB connector includes housing and a specific number of terminals. The terminal is made from a conductive material (mostly copper alloy), and plated to improve conductivity and antirust. Terminals transmit the current/signal between PCBs connected by BTB; the housing is made of insulating material (mostly plastic).

Classification
BTB connectors are divided up into four mounting types:

 Through-hole technology
 Surface-mount technology
 Plug-in technology
Solderless stacking mezzanine technology

BTB connectors are selected by considering the mounting method, pin pitch, number of the rows (aka number of the ways), pin length, stacker height etc.

See also
 Pin header
 Signal integrity
 Bus slot
 Edge connector

References

External links
FPC Prototyping

Printed circuit board manufacturing
Electrical signal connectors