omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Copper oxide selenite. Copper oxide selenite is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Cu2OSeO3. It is an electrically insulating, piezoelectric and piezomagnetic material, which becomes a ferrimagnet upon cooling below 58 K. As of 2021, Cu2OSeO3 is the only insulating material that hosts magnetic skyrmions.

Synthesis
Cu2OSeO3 polycrystals can be grown by heating a 2:1 molar mixture of CuO and SeO2 powders at 600 °C for 12 hours in vacuum. They can be converted into olive-green single crystals ca. 4 mm in size by chemical vapor transport. NH4Cl is used as the transport agent; it sublimes at 340 °C, yielding NH3 and HCl gases.

Structure
Cu2OSeO3 crystals have a cubic, distorted pyrochlore structure built by Cu4O and SeO3 units. The spins on three Cu2+ ions in each tetrahedron (Cu1 sites) are aligned, while the Cu2 spin is facing in the opposite direction, resulting in a ferrimagnetic order. The helical spin and skyrmion textures emerge at low magnetic fields due to the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction.

Properties

Cu2OSeO3 is a ferrimagnet, and all its properties below the Curie temperature strongly depend on magnetic field. With increasing field, its spin texture changes from helical stripes to conical stripes or skyrmion lattice, and then to a "field polarized", i.e., ferrimagnetic alignment. Thermal conductivity peaks around 9 K with a value of ca. 400 W/(m·K). The magnetization damping constant is 1 at 5 K. This value is only 4 times larger than that of yttrium iron garnet, which has the lowest magnetization damping value among all materials. This property is advantageous for high-frequency electronic applications, as it results in low current-induced heat.

References 

Selenites
Copper(I) compounds
Francisca Oladipo. Francisca Onaolapo Oladipo (born 15 January 1978) is a Nigerian Professor of Computer Science, administrator and author. As of 2022, she is the Vice-Chancellor, Thomas Adewumi University, Nigeria. Prior to her appointment, she was Director of Quality Assurance at Federal University, Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria. She is the Executive Coordinator, Virus Outbreak Data Network Africa and Asia (VODANA). She was the first woman to serve as a member of the Governing Council at the Federal University, Lokoja, and the first female Head of the Department of Computer Science at the university.

Education
In 2010, Oladipo earned her Doctorate Degree in Computer Science from Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria. She obtained her Master's Degree and Bachelor's Degree from the same university. In 2014, she was a postdoctoral fellow at Massachusetts Institute of Technology under the TOTAL-MIT Empowering the Teachers Initiative.

Career
She introduced Python programming language into the Computer Science Academic Program at Federal University, Lokoja and founded PyFUL group to promote the learning of the programming language. She shared her work at PyCon, and her work on Python has been cited by others. Oladipo has been an advocate for the need for open data during the COVID-19 pandemic, a topic she has presented in peer-reviewed publications and as a panelist at the United States' National Academy of Sciences 2021 meeting on COVID-19 pandemic and Big data.

Awards and honors 
Oladipo was a Grace Hopper Faculty Scholar, and in 2016 her project to teach adolescent girls about reproductive health and self-esteem through an educational mobile application was recognized. In 2020, Oladipo was one of 18 people named as professional fellows of the Nigerian Computer Society.

Selected publications

References

External links 
 
Cartoon of her answers about computer scientists

Living people
Nigerian women computer scientists
Computer programmers
Nnamdi Azikiwe University alumni
Academic staff of the Federal University, Lokoja
21st-century women scientists
21st-century Nigerian educators
21st-century Nigerian women
1978 births
Jennifer Boykin. Jennifer Boykin is an engineer, the first woman president of Newport News Shipbuilding, and the vice president of Huntington Ingalls Industries, which is located in Newport News, Virginia.

Biography

Early life
Boykin's father's parents are both from Puerto Rico. She was born in California and grew up in St. Louis, Missouri. Jennifer was a tomboy and was the first girl to play baseball with the boys in her division.

Education
She received her Bachelor of Science degree in Marine Engineering from the United States Merchant Marine Academy in Kings Point, New York.

She earned her Master of Science degree in Engineering Management from George Washington University in Washington, D.C.

Career
Boykin first worked as an engineer in the nuclear engineering division at Newport News Shipbuilding before moving through the ranks and eventually becoming president of the company. She is the first woman president of Newport News Shipbuilding, the first in over 133 years of operation. She runs the largest shipbuilding operations in the United States, including the only one that builds nuclear-powered aircraft carriers  and one of two that makes nuclear-powered submarines. The shipyard is currently working on Gerald R. Ford-class aircraft carriers. The shipyard employs over 22,000 personnel.

Family life
She has been married to Blake Boykin for more than 30 years, and has one daughter that also works at Newport News Shipbuilding.

References

United States Merchant Marine Academy alumni
George Washington University alumni
21st-century American women engineers
21st-century American engineers
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
John Robert Suman. John Robert Suman (April 9, 1890, Daleville, Indiana – January 5, 1972, Houston, Texas) was a geologist, petroleum engineer, and business executive.

Biography
As a child, John R. Suman emigrated with his family from Indiana to Southern California. After completing high school he matriculated at the University of Southern California. He transferred to the University of California, Berkeley, where he graduated from the Mining College with honors in 1912. After graduation he worked as an assistant geologist for the Houston-based Rio Bravo Oil Company, a Southern Pacific Railroad Company subsidiary that supplied oil to the railroad company and administered the land it owned. He worked under Dr. Edwin T. Dumble, a former director of the Texas Geological Survey, and William Kennedy, who in the early 1890s was the primary petroleum geologist working on the Texas Coastal Plain. After one year working for Rio Bravo, Suman was promoted of chief engineer. In 1917 he resigned from Rio Bravo and joined Roxana Petroleum Company, a subsidiary of Royal Dutch Shell. For two years he worked for Roxana Petroleum as technical superintendent for the company's operations in Texas and Louisiana. In 1919 he rejoined Rio Bravo as an assistant to the vice-president. He was promoted to general manager in 1925 and resigned from Rio Bravo in 1927. In 1923 he, along with several colleagues, formed the Houston Geological Society and served for two years as the Society's first president.

In 1927 John Suman began work for Humble Oil and Refining Company, chief operating subsidiary of Standard Oil Company of New Jersey. In 1933 he was appointed Humble Oil's vice president in charge of production at Houston. In 1933, near Conroe, Texas, a blowout occurred in an oil well, resulting in an uncontrolled flow of about 7,000 barrels per day. Suman pioneered the use of a directional well drilled into the producing sand in order to flood the sand with water and with drilling mud to stop the uncontrolled flow. In the 1930s and early 1940s he was instrumental in Humble Oil's development into the American Southwest's leading petroleum producer. From 1945 until his retirement in 1955 he was a vice-president and member of the board of directors of Standard Oil Company of New Jersey. In 1941 he was the president of American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers (AIME). In 1943 he was awarded AIME's Anthony F. Lucas Gold Medal. In 1958 he won the John Fritz Medal.

On December 16, 1912, he married Beatrice Mary Mowers (1888–1976). They had two sons, John Robert Suman Jr. (1916–2004) and Richard Harlan Suman (1917–1999). Both sons had careers in the petroleum industry.

Selected publications

References

1890 births
1972 deaths
People from Delaware County, Indiana
University of California, Berkeley alumni
20th-century American businesspeople
20th-century American engineers
American businesspeople in the oil industry
Petroleum engineers
Standard Oil
Tom D. Miller. Tom D. Miller is a United States Air Force lieutenant general who serves as the deputy chief of staff for logistics, engineering, and force protection of the U.S. Air Force. He previously commanded the Air Force Sustainment Center from 2021 to 2022.

Military career

In July 2021, Miller was nominated for promotion to lieutenant general and assignment as commander of the Air Force Sustainment Center, succeeding Lieutenant General Donald Kirkland. In April 2022, Miller was nominated for appointment as deputy chief of staff for logistics, engineering, and force protection of the United States Air Force.

Effective dates of promotions

References

 

 

Air Command and Staff College alumni
Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
United States Air Force generals
United States Air Force personnel of the Iraq War
United States Air Force personnel of the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
University of Texas at Arlington alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Ford Engineering Laboratory. The Ford Engineering Laboratory is a Ford Motor Company facility designed by architect Albert Kahn in the 1920s and completed in 1930.  It was originally used by Henry Ford as a multi-purpose facility.  Its primary use was to house Ford's product development staff but was also home to a number of Ford's other projects such as the Dearborn Independent newspaper, a folk dancing studio, and accounting department. FEL is located at 21500 Oakwood Blvd in Dearborn, Michigan.

FEL is notable for its Bedford limestone facade, which includes Beaux Arts style carved figures representing natural forces, and the names of scientific and industrial figures that Henry Ford admired, including Ford's friend and mentor Thomas Edison, Benjamin Franklin, Galileo, and others.

FEL is currently in use by Ford, where it houses engineering staff and the Ford Motor Company archives. The rear portion of the building is shared with The Henry Ford as an annex.  The interior of the building is not open to the public.

References

Buildings and structures in Dearborn, Michigan
Ford Motor Company facilities
Rizia Bardhan. Rizia Bardhan is an Indian origin American biomolecular engineer who is an Associate Professor of Chemical & Biological Engineering at Iowa State University. She is Associate Editor of ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.

Early life and education 
Bardhan was an undergraduate student in chemistry at Westminster College and graduated in 2005. She moved to Rice University for her graduate studies, where she worked under the supervision of Naomi Halas. Bardhan completed her doctoral research at Rice, where she studied nanostructures for plasmonic enhancement. When these nanostructures are excited using light they can enhance the fluorescence signatures of nearby molecules. When molecules were 7 nm from the surface of these nanostructures, it was possible to generate an enhancement of 50 times of the fluorescent signal. After earning her doctorate, Bardhan was appointed a research fellow at the Molecular Foundry.

Research and career 
Bardhan joined the faculty at Vanderbilt University in 2012. Her research considered nanomedicine and nanophotonics. In particular, Bardhan studied new imaging modalities for identifying immunomarkers, metabolic imaging using Raman spectroscopy, examinations of the mechano-molecular model of nanomaterials and the mechanisms that underpin photothermal immunotherapies.

In 2020, Bardhan joined the faculty at the Iowa State University as an Associate Professor of Chemical & Biological Engineering. She was awarded over $2 million in funding from the National Institutes of Health for her biomedical engineering program. Bardhan combined her experience creating plasmonic nanostructures with her understanding of immunomarkers to better predict who will respond well to immunotherapy. The approach combined immunoactive gold nanostructures with positron emission tomography and Raman spectroscopy, detecting tumour cells that were expressing a particular biomarker as well as immune cells.

Bardhan was made Associate Editor of ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2021.

Awards and honors 
 2012 Forbes 30 Under 30
 2013 National Science Foundation BRIGE Award
 2014 Oak Ridge Associated Universities  Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award
 2020 Westminster College 40 Years, 40 Women Honorees

Selected publications

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American bioengineers
American biotechnologists
Westminster College (Missouri) alumni
Rice University alumni
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory people
Vanderbilt University faculty
Iowa State University faculty
21st-century American women scientists
Nanotechnologists
American women academics
Rafael Benjumea Cabeza de Vaca. Rafael Benjumea y Cabeza de Vaca  (29 January 1939 – 7 April 2021); Marquis of Valdecañas, Count of Peñón de la Vega & Count of Guadalhorce) was a Spanish aristocrat and engineer. He was also president of the Duques de Soria Foundation.

Biography
He was the son of Francisco Benjumea y Heredia (1908-1995), 3rd Count of Guadalhorce, and his wife Matilde Cabeza de Vaca y Garret (1915-2006), XVI Marquise of Valdecañas, Marquise of Torremayor, XVI Countess of Peñón de la Vega. He was the second of ten brothers and sisters. He received his doctorate in the Higher Technical School of Mining Engineers (Polytechnic University of Madrid). Subsequently, by means of a Fulbright scholarship completed a master's degree in Civil Engineering at the University of Michigan.

In 1974 he married his cousin Blanca Benjumea Llorente. The couple had six children: Blanca, Rafael, José, Tilda, Enrique and Isabel.

On March 1, 1989, the Duques de Soria Foundation was established. Since then and until his death, Benjumea assumed the presidency of his board of trustees, and promoted Spanish-US relations in various scientific disciplines (architecture, medicine, economy, conservation of the heritage, among others). He also created the Permanent Observatory of Hispanism in 2019, to unite synergies around the values of the Hispanism.

He was one of the creators of the Rio Tinto Foundation Board for the History of Mining and Metallurgy, being vice president (1987-2002), and, later, president (2002-2021). He was also CEO of Ertisa and Río Tinto Minera; president of Asturiana de Zinc and ; general director of the Botín Foundation; vice president of the ANAR Foundation (Aid to Children and Adolescents at Risk); vice president and president of the Advisory Board of British Telecom Spain; president of the Board of Trustees of FEC (Catholic Education Foundation); president of the Advisory Board of Fotowatio and the IE University.

He died in his residence in Madrid, on April 7, 2021, due to heart failure. He was buried in the cemetery of Trujillo, Cáceres.

References

1939 births
2021 deaths
Spanish nobility
Spanish engineers
Technical University of Madrid alumni
Michigan State University alumni
People from Málaga
Sandra Begay. Sandra K. Begay is an American/Navajo Nation mechanical engineer who designs research and development systems at Sandia National Laboratories in Albuquerque, New Mexico. In 2020, she was honored by the American Indian Science and Engineering Society's  Indigenous Excellence Award. She is known for her work expanding energy access through alternative and renewable solutions for remote tribal members on the Navajo Reservation.

Education 

Begay earned her BS in civil engineering from the University of New Mexico (UNM) and her MS in structural engineering from Stanford University. Begay chose Stanford for its noted American Indian community. She has been honored as the 2000 Stanford Alumni of the Year, 2005 UNM Distinguished Alumnus, and 2007 UNM Zia Alumnus.

Career 
She has worked at major US government laboratories including the Lawrence Livermore, Los Alamos, and Sandia National Laboratories. In the early 2000s, Begay worked to provide local solar renewable energy systems to remote members of the Navajo Nation, working through the Department of Energy Tribal Program, helping the Nation to bring power to hundreds of members. Of her work with the program, Begay said "I get to work with my own native people. I give them a new way to think about having electricity. It's very nurturing."

Begay is known for her mentorship to American Indian engineering students, particularly in the energy sector. Previous interns in programs she has developed have spoken highly of her support and teaching, and many are now highly regarded industry professionals.

In 2009, Begay was honored by the American Indian Science and Engineering Society's Ely S. Parker Lifetime Achievement Award. In 2020, she was also selected as a laureate of the Society's Indigenous Excellence professional award. Begay was also previously executive director of the society.

At the University of New Mexico, Begay was appointed to the Board of Regents by Michelle Lujan Grisham in 2019, and also currently chairs the Rainforest Innovations program. In 2019, she took a leave of absence from Sandia to serve as director of the Environmental Health Department of Albuquerque for mayor Tim Keller.

References 

University of New Mexico alumni
Stanford University alumni
American women engineers
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Sandia National Laboratories people
21st-century American women
Native American women engineers
Robin Zeng. Robin Zeng Yuqun (born 1968) is a Chinese billionaire businessman. He is the founder and chairman of the battery manufacturer CATL (Contemporary Amperex Technology), and a vice chairman of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce. Zeng is the 42nd wealthiest, with an estimated net worth of  billion , according to Forbes and Bloomberg Billionaires Index .

Early life and education 
Zeng is from Fujian Province. He earned a marine engineering degree from Shanghai Jiaotong University, an MSc in electronics and information engineering from South China University of Technology in 2001, and a PhD in physics from the Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2006.

Career 
Zeng worked at a state-owned shipbuilding company in Fujian Province early in his career. He later joined an electronic parts factory after graduation where he worked for 10 years. He then co-founded Amperex Technology Limited (ATL) in 1999 with two former colleagues. The company produced lithium polymer batteries for digital gadgets, including iPhones, according to a Financial Times report in 2018. In 2005, ATL was acquired by Japan's TDK, but Zeng continued as a manager for ATL. 

In 2012, Zeng and vice-chairman Huang Shilin spun-off the electric vehicle battery operations of ATL into a new company CATL, which manufactures lithium-ion rechargeable batteries, and became a world leader in the following years. In 2017, CATL went public on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange. In 2024, CATL ventured into renewable energy, power grids and electrical energy storage systems.

References 

1968 births
Living people
21st-century Chinese businesspeople
Billionaires from Fujian
Businesspeople from Fujian
Businesspeople in manufacturing
Chinese technology company founders
People from Ningde
Nano tape. Nano tape, also called gecko tape is a synthetic adhesive tape consisting of arrays of carbon nanotubes transferred onto a backing material of flexible polymer tape. These arrays are called synthetic setae and mimic the nanostructures found on the toes of a gecko; this is an example of biomimicry. The adhesion is achieved not with chemical adhesives, but via van der Waals forces, which are weak electric forces generated between two atoms or molecules that are very close to each other.

Explanation
Geckos show a remarkable ability to climb smooth vertical surfaces at high speeds, exhibiting both strong attachment and easy rapid removal, or shear adhesion, of their feet.

On a gecko's foot, micrometer-sized elastic hairs called setae are split into nanometer-sized structures called spatulas. The shear adhesion is achieved by forming and breaking van der Waals forces between these microscopic structures and the substrate.

Nano tapes mimic these structures with carbon nanotube bundles, which simulate setae and individual nanotubes, which simulate spatulas, to achieve macroscopic shear adhesion and to translate the weak van der Waals interactions into high shear forces. The shear adhesion allows the tape to be easily peeled off in the manner a gecko lifts its foot. Since the carbon nanotube arrays leave no residue on the substrate, the tape can be reused many times.

History
Nano tape is one of the first developments of synthetic setae, which arose from a collaboration between the Manchester Centre for Mesoscience and Nanotechnology, and the Institute for Microelectronics Technology in Russia. Work started in 2001 and two years later results were published in Nature Materials.

The group prepared flexible fibers of polyimide as the synthetic setae structures on the surface of a 5 μm thick film of the same material using electron beam lithography and dry etching in an oxygen plasma. The fibres were 2 μm long, with a diameter of around 500 nm and a periodicity of 1.6 μm, and covered an area of roughly 1 cm2 (see figure on the left). Initially, the team used a silicon wafer as a substrate, but found that the tape's adhesive power increased by almost 1,000 times if they used a soft bonding substrate such as Scotch tape. This is because the flexible substrate yields a much higher ratio of the number of setae in contact with the surface over the total number of setae.

The result of this "gecko tape" was tested by attaching a sample to the hand of a 15 cm high plastic Spider-Man figure weighing 40 g, which enabled it to stick to a glass ceiling, as is shown in the figure. The tape, which had a contact area of around  with the glass, was able to carry a load of more than . However, the adhesion coefficient was only 0.06, which is low compared with real geckos (8~16).

Commercial use
Commercial nano tape is usually sold as double-sided tape that is useful for hanging lightweight items, such as pictures and decorative items on smooth walls. Using superaligned carbon nanotubes, some nano tapes can stay sticky in extreme temperatures.

Gallery

References

Adhesive tape
Biophysics
Biomimetics
Nanotechnology
Carbon nanotubes