omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Potez-CAMS 160. The Potez-CAMS 160 was a one-off 5/13 scale flight model built in France, first flown in the summer of 1938 to test aerodynamic and hydrodynamic qualities of the Potez-CAMS 161 airliner and mail carrier, which was too large for detailed modelling in existing wind tunnels.

Design and development

In 1936  the northern French factories of Potez and of the seaplane maker CAMS, the latter owned by Potez since 1932, were nationalized along with those of Amiot, Breguet and ANF Mureaux into SNCAN. In the same year the design bureau of Potez-CAMS was beginning the development of the Potez-CAMS 161 six engine, trans-Atlantic passenger flying boat, intended to be a key component of Air France's Transatlantique fleet. To test the design they built a 5/13 scale flying scale model of it, careful not just to scale dimensions of the flying surfaces and hull, but also to copy the form the nose around the cabin, engine cowlings and retractable float housings. Control surface detail and the flaps of the 161, together with its variable-pitch propellers, were included on the resulting Potez-CAMS 160. It was intended to prove both the aerodynamic and hydrodynamic behaviour of the airliner. It flew for the first time on 20 June 1938.

The 160 was a high-wing monoplane.  The wing was a semi-cantilever structure, with two parallel bracing struts on each side from the lower fuselage to the wing just inside the central engines, straight-edged in plan with taper on the trailing edge only and rounded tips. It was fitted with interconnected Handley Page slots and ailerons as well as split flaps. It was powered by six four-cylinder inverted inline air-cooled Train 4T engines, each producing  driving three blade, variable-pitch propellers. The engines were mounted on the wing underside, housed in long, narrow cowlings intended to mimic those around the  Hispano-Suiza 12Ydrs water-cooled V-12 engines of the full scale aircraft.

The little flying boat had a conventional stepped hull and was stabilized on the water by a pair of floats, attached under the  outboard engines and retracting into their cowlings. Its enclosed, tandem seat cockpit was shaped to reproduced the form of the 161's nose, though the full sized aircraft had proportionally shorter glazing.  The 161 had a twin fin empennage with a N-strut braced, parallel chord tailplane mounted on top of the fuselage on a short pillar with marked dihedral.  The fins were of the endplate type, with curved leading edges and roughly symmetric above and below the tailplane; on each, the rudder was split into an upper and lower part. All of these features appeared on the final, full size airliner.

The Potez-CAMS 160 appeared, after its first flight, at the 1938 Paris Aero Show.

Specifications

Notes

References

Bibliography

1930s French experimental aircraft
Potez-CAMS 160
DTA Alizés. The DTA Alizés () is a French ultralight trike that was designed by Michel Guaiguant and is produced by DTA sarl of Montélimar.

The aircraft is a joint venture with wing manufacturer La société Ellipse who market it as the Ellipse Alizé. It is supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Design and development
The Alizés was designed to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category, including the category's maximum gross weight of . The aircraft also fits the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules.

The Alizés features a cable-braced Ellipse Fuji hang glider-style high-wing, weight-shift controls, a single-seat open cockpit with no cockpit fairing, tricycle landing gear without wheel pants and a single engine in pusher configuration.

The Alizés is a very simple nanotrike and is made from bolted-together aluminum tubing, with its single surface wing covered in Dacron sailcloth. Its  span wing is supported by a single tube-type kingpost and uses an "A" frame weight-shift control bar. The powerplant is a single cylinder, air-cooled, two-stroke,  Zenoah G25 engine. The aircraft has an empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload is .

Due to its single seat configuration and "niche appeal", the aircraft has not sold in large numbers.

Variants
Ellipse Alizé
Model sold in the early 2010s by wing manufacturer La société Ellipse, with either the Fuji or Ellipse Titan CX strut-braced wing and powered by a Cors-Air  engine.
Ellipse Fuji 16 Alizé
Model sold in the mid-2010s by wing manufacturer La société Ellipse, with the Fuji 16 cable-braced wing and powered by a Cors-Air  engine. Reviewer Dimitri Delemarle described it as "a versatile wing, easy for a new pilot to handle yet rewarding to fly".
Ellipse Titan CX Alizé
Model sold in the mid-2010s by wing manufacturer La société Ellipse, with the Ellipse Titan CX strut-braced wing and powered by a Cors-Air  engine, or starting in 2014, a Swissauto motor.

Specifications (Alizés)

References

External links
Official DTA website
Official Ellipse website

Alizés
2000s French sport aircraft
2000s French ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Ultralight trikes
35 Engineer Regiment (EOD&S) (United Kingdom). 35 Engineer Regiment (EOD&S), Royal Engineers is an Explosive Ordnance Disposal and Search unit of the British Army, part of 8th Engineer Brigade.

History
The regiment arrived in Germany in 1957 after being at Ripon 1955-57 including a deployment for Operation Musketeer, the Suez crisis. It remained at Gordon Barracks, Hameln, Germany, Germany from 1964 to 1999. 

From 1950 to 1995 the regiment included 29 Field Squadron, including the period 1977-82 during which the regiment was 4th Armoured Division Engineer Regiment.

In the 21st century it became a close support regiment supporting the 20th Armoured Infantry Brigade. Under the Army 2020 Refine programme, the regiment returned from Germany and re-roled as an EOD and Search Regiment. 35 Engineer Regiment is now based at Carver Barracks, Wimbish.

Squadrons 
Today the regiment consists of:

 35 Engineer Regiment (EOD&S), at Carver Barracks, Wimbish
15 Headquarters and Support Squadron
17 Field Squadron
21 Field Squadron

References

Regiments of the Royal Engineers
Explosive ordnance disposal units and formations
Maithili Sharan. Maithili Sharan (born 4 January 1953) is an Indian mathematician who specialises in  mathematical modelling, biofluid mechanics, Air Pollution and atmospheric boundary layer.

He was awarded in 1992 the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, the highest science award in India,  in the mathematical sciences category. 
Maithili Sharan's notable findings relate to development of mathematical models for the transport of gases in pulmonary and systemic circulations including brain and dispersion of air pollutants in low wind conditions, numerical simulation of Bhopal gas leak, and weak wind nocturnal boundary layer.

References

External links
Indian National Science Academy database
Maithili Sharan

1953 births
Living people
20th-century Indian mathematicians
IIT Delhi alumni
Academic staff of IIT Delhi
University of Rajasthan alumni
Scientists from Rajasthan
Recipients of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award in Mathematical Science
Marenica project. The Marenica project is a modest Uranium resource located in the western part of Namibia in Erongo Region. Marenica represents a uranium resource of 22,000 tU in ore grading 0.008% uranium. Marenica Minerals, the company that owns the rights to the resource, has put all further development on hold as its majority shareholder Marenica Energy seeks to develop and market a process for extracting uranium from low-grade ore.

References 

Uranium mines in Namibia
Alistair Sutcliffe. Alistair G. Sutcliffe (born 1951) is a British scientist and Emeritus Professor of Systems Engineering at the School of Informatics of the University of Manchester, specialized in requirements engineering, user interface design and safety-critical systems.

Life and work 
Sutcliffe received his MA in Natural Sciences from the University of Cambridge, and his PhD in Ethology from the University of Wales.

Before he started his academic career in the City and Manchester Universities, he had worked in the civil service, the finance industry and the IT industry. He retired from the University of Manchester in October 2011.

His research spans "software engineering, human computer interaction, cognitive and social science, with recent interests in scenario based design, methods for requirements engineering, analysis and modelling complex socio technical systems, visualisation and creative design."

Publications 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Articles, a selection:

References 

1951 births
Living people
Systems engineers
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Academics of the University of Manchester
Willow Creek mine. The Willow Creek mine is an in-situ leach (ISL) uranium mining project located in Powder River Basin in the state of Wyoming, United States. It comprises the Irigaray central processing plant and wellfields, and the Christensen Ranch ion exchange plant and wellfields.

Local legend dictates the mine was conceived by a group of entrepreneurial plumbers, uniting under the banner of "The Cloggers". These reports are as of now unconfirmed.

Project history
The uranium deposits at Irigaray and Christensen ranches were discovered in 1973. In July 1974, Wyoming Mineral Corporation (WMC), a subsidiary of Westinghouse Electric Corporation, established a pilot uranium recovery plant at the Irigaray site. A commercial source material license was issued in November 1978. In 1982, operations ceased at the Irigaray plant and well fields, and the facility was placed on standby status pending improvements in the uranium market.

During this period, the Christensen Ranch facility was developed under an R&D license issued by the NRC in 1978 to Western Nuclear, Inc. (WNI), a subsidiary of Phelps Dodge Corporation (now Freeport-McMoRan). Research had been performed at one location, the Willow Creek R&D site. In 1985, WNI sold its interest in the Christensen Ranch project to Malapai Resources Company, a subsidiary of electricity utility Arizona Public Service.
 
Malapai purchased the Irigaray site from Westinghouse in June 1987, and resumed operations. The Christensen Ranch satellite ion exchange plant and its associated well fields were included under the same license in 1988. The Irigaray project was then upgraded to include facilities for processing ion exchange resin from Christensen Ranch, and the flow rate of the Irigaray recovery plant was increased to 2,400 gallons per minute capacity. Operations under Malapai continued until February 1990.

In 1990, Malapai was sold to Electricité de France (EdF), a French state nuclear utility. Operations resumed in 1991. In 1993 another French state-owned company, COGEMA Mining Inc. (now called Areva), acquired EdF's properties in Wyoming and Texas and continued the in-situ recovery operation until June 2000. In April 2007, COGEMA applied to recommence operations, which was approved on 30 September 2008.

On 25 January 2010, Uranium One USA, Inc. bought COGEMA's US assets. The NRC approved the return to active uranium recovery operations at Willow Creek, in December 2010. On 27 December 2010, Rosatom State Atomic Energy Corporation completed the purchase of Uranium One.

Reserves
As of December 31, 2016 Willow Creek had proven and probable reserves of 6.49 million tonnes of ore grading 0.036% uranium (6.09 million pounds U3O8).

Although Willow Creek has a permitted annual production capacity of 1.3 million lbs U3O8, since 2014, production has been scaled back and well field development put on hold, due to low uranium prices. In 2016, it produced 59,900 lbs U3O8.

References

External links

Uranium mines in the United States
Mines in Wyoming
Renault Trucks T. The Renault Trucks T  is a range of heavy-duty trucks manufactured by Renault Trucks. The truck was presented on 11 June 2013 with a show called R/Evolution and was introduced at the end of 2013, being the first from a new line of vehicles for the company. The electric version is introduced in 2023.

Design
The last of the major European manufacturers to introduce a Euro VI compliant vehicle, Renault allowed chief designer Hervé Bertrand to design a vehicle. Although using some common parts from the new Volvo FH series, the design was seen as a step-forward inspiration from the Renault Magnum, with a front grille area was inspired by a conveyor belt and a unique design cab area, designed for long distance international trunk routes.

Characteristics
The Renault Trucks T includes the robotised Optidriver transmission as standard, improved aerodynamics to reduce fuel consumption and new comfort and security features.

Engines
The  T offers two Euro VI six-cylinder engines, the 11 L DTI 11 (with a power output of 380, 430 and 460hp) and the 13 L DTI 13 (440, 480 and 520hp).

Awards
On 23 September 2014, the Renault Trucks T was voted International Truck of the Year 2015 during the International Motor Show Germany in Hanover.

References

Vehicles introduced in 2013
T
Engineering (magazine). Engineering is a monthly British magazine founded in 1865. It was initially published by the Office for Publication and Advertisements and reported on developments and news in many disciplines of engineering in Britain and abroad. It is now produced and published by Media Culture PLC and has the strapline "for innovators in technology, manufacturing and management".

History

The Engineering magazine was founded in 1866 by the American engineer and locomotive designer Zerah Colburn in London as a weekly rival to The Engineer. It had the subtitle "an illustrated weekly journal".

Colburn had used funds provided by Henry Bessemer, the English engineer and inventor known chiefly in connection with the Bessemer process for the manufacture of steel. Engineering was an instant success and soon overtook The Engineer as Colburn's writing style and wide engineering knowledge gave readers the information they needed.

Engineering was initially published as an illustrated weekly magazine, edited by Zerah Colburn, with volumes published twice yearly in January and July. Volume 1 was issued 1866.

It was at one time published by the Design Council, later by Gifford Welch, and is now published by Media Culture PLC of Warwick.

References

External links 

Some digitised volumes at Grace's Guide to British Industrial History

1865 establishments in the United Kingdom
Biannual magazines published in the United Kingdom
Science and technology magazines published in the United Kingdom
Weekly magazines published in the United Kingdom
Engineering magazines
Magazines established in 1865
Professional and trade magazines
Traction (geology). Traction is the geologic process whereby a current transports larger, heavier rocks by rolling or sliding them along the bottom. Thus, the grains and clasts interact with the substratum during transport. By contrast, saltation, a related sediment transport process, moves grains across the bottom by bouncing or hopping. The actual current carries the sediment load in traction and saltation flows, whereas downslope movement under the force of gravity carries the sediment in gravity flows. These processes contrast with suspension settling, in which there is no current.
Traction is where large stones or boulders in the river's load are rolled along by the force of the river.

Notes and references

External links
 How a river's load is transported by traction - Geography animated

Sedimentology
DTA Evolution. The DTA Evolution is a French ultralight trike, designed and produced by DTA sarl of Montélimar. The aircraft is supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Design and development
The aircraft was designed as a simple trike, with an exceptional payload, to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category, including the category's maximum gross weight of . The aircraft has a maximum gross weight of . It features a cable-braced hang glider-style high-wing, weight-shift controls, a two-seats-in-tandem open cockpit without a cockpit fairing, tricycle landing gear with wheel pants and a single engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft is made from bolted-together aluminum tubing, with its single surface wing covered in Dacron sailcloth. Its  span DTA Dynamic 16 wing is supported by a single tube-type kingpost and uses an "A" frame weight-shift control bar. The powerplant is a twin cylinder, air-cooled, two-stroke, dual-ignition  Rotax 503 engine, with the liquid cooled  Rotax 582, the four cylinder, air and liquid-cooled, four-stroke, dual-ignition  Rotax 912 or  Rotax 912S engines optional.

With the Rotax 503 and the Dynamic 16 wing, the aircraft has an empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload is .

A number of different wings can be fitted to the basic carriage, including the DTA Dynamic, DTA Diva and the strut-braced DTA Magic.

Operational history
In September 2003 a French flying team flew an Evolution from Paris to Dakar, making use of the aircraft's high payload to carry all needed supplies.

Specifications (Evolution with Dynamic 16 wing)

References

External links

Evolution
2000s French sport aircraft
2000s French ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Ultralight trikes
SEPSA Class EN 300. The EN 300 are a series of EMUs built in 1977 for the Italian railway company SEPSA, used on the commuter railways Circumflegrea and Cumana.

Description 
Each trainset is composed by 2 cars: a railcar (EN 300) and a control car (RN 300).

The numbers are EN 301–307 for the railcars and RN 301–307 for the control cars.

History 
The EN 300 were ordered in 1976 to renew the train sets of the SEPSA. They were delivered in 1977.

The EN 300 derivate from the ALe 803 of the Ferrovie dello Stato, but with less maximal speed and a shorter loading gauge.

They are used on the Circumflegrea and Cumana lines.

Bibliography 
 L. Munzi: Nuovi treni SEPSA. In: ″Italmodel Ferrovie″ Nr. 220 (November 1978), p. 762–765.
 Le napoletane... In: ″I Treni″ Nr. 320 (November 2009), p. 19.

External links 

SEPSA EN 300
1977 in rail transport
3000 V DC multiple units
Train-related introductions in 1977
Cost of transport. The energy cost of transport quantifies the energy efficiency of transporting an animal or vehicle from one place to another. As a dimensionless quantity, it allows for the comparison of dissimilar animals or modes of transportation. It has a wide range of applications, from comparing human gaits to observing the change in efficiency of trains over time.

It is calculated in one of two ways, both shown in the following definition:

where  is the energy input to the system, which has mass , that is used to move the system a distance , and  is Standard gravity. Alternatively, one can use the power input to the system  used to move the system at a constant velocity . The cost of transport is non-dimensional.

It is also called specific tractive force or specific resistance (see von Kármán–Gabrielli diagram), or the energy index. When the energy comes from metabolic processes (i.e., for animals), it is often called the metabolic cost of transport.

The metabolic cost of transport includes the basal metabolic cost of maintaining bodily function, and so goes to infinity as speed goes to zero.
A human achieves the lowest cost of transport when walking at about , at which speed a person of  has a metabolic rate of about 450 watts. This gives a dimensionless cost of transport of about 0.39. If only the additional metabolic cost (above the resting rate) is counted then the most efficient speed will be lower. The optimal speed if both energy and distance traveled in a given time are taken into account (with some "price" for each) may be faster or slower than the speed giving the lowest COT.

Previously it was thought that a running person (unlike running animals) uses the same energy whether they run a distance slowly or fast. More recent experiments have shown that was mistaken. Cost of transport when running does depend on speed — individual people have an optimal running speed.

References

Transport economics
Mahmoud Vaezi. Mahmoud Vaezi (, born 22 May 1952) is an Iranian engineer, politician and former diplomat. He was minister of communication from 2013 until 2017 and chief of staff of the president of Iran from 2017 to 2021.

He obtained B.S. and M.S. in degrees in electrical engineering from Sacramento State University and San Jose State University and was PhD student in telecommunications engineering at Louisiana State University, which he left unfinished. He holds M.A. and PhD in international relations from Tehran and Warsaw Universities, respectively.

He was Deputy of Foreign Policy and International Relations position at Center for Strategic Research, from 1999 to 2013. He was managing director and chairman of the board of directors of Telecommunication Company of Iran and also the first deputy minister of post and telecommunication from 1980 to 1987. From 1990 to 1997, he was political deputy of foreign minister in Europe and American countries affairs. He was deputy foreign minister of Iran in Europe and American countries affairs before and an adviser to Hassan Rouhani in his 2013 presidential campaign and was considered a potential foreign minister in his first government, but he was nominated for the communication ministry. He was announced on 26 July 2017 that he will not continued as communication minister in Rouhani's second cabinet. On 20 August 2017, he was named as Chief of Staff of the President of Iran.

During his tenure at foreign ministry, he played role in signing Tehran Communiqué which aimed at finding a peaceful solution to the Karabakh dispute.

References

External links
Profile at Center for Strategic Research

External links

San Jose State University alumni
Iranian diplomats
1952 births
Living people
Moderation and Development Party politicians
Communications ministers of Iran
Electravia Electro Trike. The Electravia Electro Trike is a French electric ultralight trike, produced by Electravia of Alpes de Haute Provence. The aircraft is supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

The Electro Trike prototype was introduced at the first Green Aviation Airshow at Le Bourget in June 2008.

Design and development
The Electro Trike was designed to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category and the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules. It was first developed by taking the existing DTA Alizés carriage and its Ellipse Fuji wing and replacing the internal combustion engine with an electric motor.

The aircraft features a cable-braced hang glider-style high wing, weight-shift controls, a single-seat open cockpit, tricycle landing gear and a single engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft is made from bolted-together aluminum tubing, with its single surface wing covered in Dacron sailcloth. Its  span wing is supported by a single tube-type kingpost and uses an "A" frame weight-shift control bar. The powerplant is an Electravia GMPE 102 electric motor, producing . With a  single Lithium polymer battery pack the aircraft has an empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of .

The single battery pack gives a flight endurance of one hour, while the addition of a second battery pack allows flights of  hours.

Specifications (Electro Trike)

See also
Electravia Monotrace-E

References

External links

2000s French sport aircraft
2000s French ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Electric aircraft
Ultralight trikes
Aircraft first flown in 2008
Electro Trike