omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Panama remote controlled vehicle. The Panama Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) is a piece of mine-clearing equipment used by the British Armed Forces.

Design
The Panama ROV consists of a Snatch Land Rover modified for remote control operation, with a large piece of mine-detection equipment mounted to the front. It was created by Defence Equipment and Support, part of the Ministry of Defence, in conjunction with PA Consulting Group as a low-cost solution to mine detection in the War in Afghanistan. Before the introduction of the Panama, an average of one person every week was killed, with five or six more being severely injured.

The Panama vehicle is towed behind another vehicle – usually a Buffalo MRAP vehicle. It can be unhitched from the towing vehicle without the crew having to expose themselves, and remotely driven to search for explosive devices. A single system consists of two Panama vehicles and a control station. They usually work as part of a Talisman team, which consists of two Buffalo Rummage and four Mastiff 'Protected Eyes' vehicles; two micro unmanned air vehicles (MUAV); two HMEEs; and two Talon UGVs.

The vehicles are considerably cheaper than a bespoke solution, as they make use of the SN2A Snatch Land Rover, which was rendered obsolete due to poor armour protection. The military had approximately 200 of these vehicles awaiting disposal. The vehicle has been in use in Afghanistan since early 2011.

History
The project took 11 months to move from procurement decision to operational use, and cost £50m in total, £9m less than expected. The use of the Snatch Land Rovers awaiting disposal, rather than a new vehicle, saves an extra £8m over the length of the contract. The programe was managed by the DE&S itself – with assistance from PA Consulting – which is unusual for procurement in the United Kingdom. However, despite the unorthodox method, the Land Rover was accepted as a solution. Lieutenant Colonel Adrian Parker of the Royal Engineers said of the choice, "There is a whole generation of technicians who are trained in their maintenance. There is a supply chain for the parts, all the manuals are written and all those thousands of parts are already codified to NATO standards. Using our scoring system, the Snatch came top."
Parker also said that, as the operator uses a simple computer display which is familiar to computer game players, soldiers can learn to use the vehicle in just one hour.

The project, and PA Consulting Group, won the Management Consultancies Association Award for the best overall project in 2012.

References 

Military vehicles of the United Kingdom
Unmanned ground combat vehicles
Bomb disposal robots
Mine warfare countermeasures
United Kingdom defence procurement
Engineering UTC Northern Lincolnshire. Engineering UTC Northern Lincolnshire is a mixed University Technical College in Scunthorpe, North Lincolnshire, England. It opened in September 2015 as Humber UTC and caters for students aged 13 to 19 (year 9 to year 13).

The school's site is in Scunthorpe town centre. Industry partners include the University of Hull, Phillips 66, Tronox, ABP Humber, Orsted, RAF, Airco, STEM UK, North Lincolnshire Council and others.

The school was rebranded from Humber UTC to Engineering UTC Northern Lincolnshire in early 2018.

The school extended its provision to include a year 9 cohort in November 2018, after approval from the Department for Education (DfE).

References

External links 
 

Secondary schools in the Borough of North Lincolnshire
Universities and colleges established in 2015
2015 establishments in England
University Technical Colleges
Schools in Scunthorpe
Tamer II. Tamer II, a  custom sailing yacht was built by Jongert in Medemblik, the Netherlands. The ship was delivered in 1986 and last refitted in 2015. Peter Sijm designed the exterior and interior. Naval architect was Doug Peterson.

Tamer II offers accommodation for up to eight guests. In addition, it can carry up to five crew. Tamer II is not available for charter.

Refit 
In 2015 Jongert completed the 18-month refit. The project started in December 2013 and was initially scheduled to take around 10 months to finish, but during the project the scope of work tripled. All of the yacht's technical spaces have been emptied, sandblasted, spot-repaired, isolated, painted and re-equipped.

See also 
 List of large sailing yachts
 List of yachts built by Jongert

References 

1986 ships
Sailing yachts
Ships built in the Netherlands
Sailboat type designs by Doug Peterson
VeRoLog. The European Working Group on Vehicle Routing and Logistics Optimization (also, EWG VeRoLog, or simply VeRoLog) is a working group within EURO, the Association of European Operational Research Societies whose objective is to promote the application of operations research models, methods and tools to the field of vehicle routing and logistics, and to encourage the exchange of information among practitioners, end-users, and researchers, stimulating the work on new and important problems with sound scientific methods.

History 
VeRoLog is one of the working groups of EURO, the Association of European Operational Research Societies.  The Group was founded in 2011 by Daniele Vigo, Marielle Christiansen, Angel Corberan,  Wout Dullaert, Richard Eglese, Geir Hasle, Stefan Irnich,  Frederic Semet and Maria Grazia Speranza.

Governance
The group is managed by a Coordinator and an Advisory Board including the founding members. The current coordinator is Daniele Vigo.

Membership
The group is suitable for people who are presently engaged in Vehicle Routing and Logistics, either in theoretical aspects or in business, industry or public administration applications. Currently (2015), the group has about 1,500 members from 67 countries.

Conferences
VeRoLog holds conferences on a regular basis (once a year during Summer) and issues every year an award to the best doctoral dissertation on vehicle routing and logistics optimization.

Publications
In most cases, the annual conference is followed by a peer reviewed special issue of an international journal, presenting a selection of the contributions presented at the meeting. Recent special issues appeared on European Journal of Operational Research, and Computers and Operations Research.

A newsletter is emailed to all members every month.

References

Operations research
Working groups
Organizations established in 2011
Walkerjet Super Hawk. The Walkerjet Super Hawk is a Czech paramotor that was designed by Victor Procházka and produced by Walkerjet of Třemošná for powered paragliding. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

Design and development
The Super Hawk was designed to comply with the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules as well as European regulations. It features a paraglider-style wing, single-place accommodation and a single  Solo 210 engine in pusher configuration with a 2.5:1 ratio reduction drive and a  diameter two-bladed wooden propeller. The fuel tank capacity is . The aircraft is built from a combination of bolted aluminium and 4130 steel tubing. The propeller cage can be dismantled for ground transport or storage.

As is the case with all paramotors, take-off and landing is accomplished by foot. Inflight steering is accomplished via handles that actuate the canopy brakes, creating roll and yaw.

Specifications (Super Hawk)

References

Super Hawk
2000s Czech ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Paramotors
Electrolithoautotroph. An electrolithoautotroph is an organism which feeds on electricity. These organisms use electricity to convert carbon dioxide into organic matter by using electrons directly taken from solid-inorganic electron donors. Electrolithoautotrophs are microorganisms which are found in the deep crevices of the ocean. The warm, mineral-rich environment provides a rich source of nutrients. The electron source for carbon assimilation from diffusible Fe2+ ions to an electrode under the condition that electrical current is the only source of energy and electrons. Electrolithoautotrophs form a third metabolic pathway compared to photosynthesis (plants converting light into sugar) and chemosynthesis (bacteria converting chemical energy into food).

References

Biological processes
Electricity
Metabolism
Organisms by adaptation
Trophic ecology
Weissman score. The Weissman score is a performance metric for lossless compression applications. It was developed by Tsachy Weissman, a professor at Stanford University, and Vinith Misra, a graduate student, at the request of producers for HBO's television series Silicon Valley, a television show about a fictional tech start-up working on a data compression algorithm. It compares both required time and compression ratio of measured applications, with those of a de facto standard according to the data type.

The formula is the following; where r is the compression ratio, T is the time required to compress, the overlined ones are the same metrics for a standard compressor, and alpha is a scaling constant.

The Weissman score has been used by Daniel Reiter Horn  and Mehant Baid of Dropbox to explain real-world work on lossless compression. According to the authors it "favors compression speed over ratio in most cases."

Example
This example shows the score for the data of the Hutter Prize, using the paq8f as a standard and 1 as the scaling constant.

Limitations
Although the value is relative to the standards against which it is compared, the unit used to measure the times changes the score (see examples 1 and 2). This is a consequence of the requirement that the argument of the logarithmic function must be dimensionless. The multiplier also can't have a numeric value of 1 or less, because the logarithm of 1 is 0 (examples 3 and 4), and the logarithm of any value less than 1 is negative (examples 5 and 6); that would result in scores of value 0 (even with changes), undefined, or negative (even if better than positive).

See also
Benchmark
Coding theory
Information theory
Phred quality score

References

Benchmarks (computing)
Data compression
Silicon Valley (TV series)
Software metrics
LIFE Factory Microgrid. Factory Microgrid  is a demonstrative project cofinanced by the LIFE+ 2013 programme of the European Commission and whose origin can be explained within the framework of the 20-20-20 challenge of the European Union to reduce  emissions and energy consumption. More specifically, it can be framed in theme 1, "Climate Change", and within the line of action "Development of innovative practices for the management of smart grids in the context of highly decentralized production of renewable energy". Its main objective is to demonstrate through the implementation of a full-scale industrial smartgrid that microgrids can become one of the most suitable solutions for energy generation and management in factories that want to minimize their environmental impact. At a national level, it is one of the first experiences regarding the implementation of a smartgrid in an industrial plant with and integrated fleet of electric vehicles. Factory Microgrid will take place between July 2014 and June 2017, and represents an investment of around 2 million euros. Approximately 50% of the total amount will be financed by the LIFE+ programme. Project partners are the Jofemar Corporation and the National Renewable Energy Centre, CENER. Isabel Carrilero (Jofemar) is the Project Manager.

Introduction - Smartgrid 

What is a microgrid or a smartgrid? Smart grids are energy networks that can automatically monitor energy flows and adjust to changes in energy supply and demand accordingly. When coupled with smart metering systems, smart grids reach consumers and suppliers by providing information on real-time consumption. Smart grids can also help to better integrate renewable energy.

Main environmental benefits 
 Enhance the use of renewable energies, while reducing  emissions. 
 Decrease power peak consumption and provide ancillary services, increasing grid reliability and reducing, at the same time, the need of reserve generation capacity in the electric system.
 Minimize energy consumption due to the management of dispatchable loads, reducing  emissions. 
 Reduce the use of land for electric generation.
 Reduce transport and distribution losses.
 Transport electrification, which is particularly advantageous when electricity mix comes from a low  origin.

About LIFE 
The LIFE programme is the EU's funding instrument for the environment. The general objective of LIFE is to contribute to the implementation, updating and development of EU environmental policy and legislation by co-financing pilot or demonstration projects with European added value.

References

External links 
 LIFE Factory Microgrid project 
 LIFE Programme European Commission.
 https://web.archive.org/web/20160306010537/https://m2m.telefonica.com/blog/factory-microgrid-an-energy-efficient-solution-for-industrial-environments
 Article Beenergy . 
 Article Interempresas 

Smart grid
Walkerjet Schoolboy. The Walkerjet Schoolboy is a Czech paramotor that was designed by Victor Procházka and produced by Walkerjet of Třemošná for powered paragliding. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

Design and development
The Schoolboy was designed as a trainer to comply with the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules as well as European regulations. It features a paraglider-style wing, two-place accommodation and a single engine in pusher configuration with a reduction drive and a fixed pitch two-bladed wooden propeller. The aircraft is built from a combination of bolted aluminium and 4130 steel tubing and is noted for its reinforced chassis. The propeller cage can be dismantled for ground transport or storage.

As is the case with all paramotors, take-off and landing is accomplished by foot. Inflight steering is accomplished via handles that actuate the canopy brakes, creating roll and yaw.

Specifications (Schoolboy)

References

Schoolboy
2000s Czech ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Paramotors
Towada-class replenishment ship. The Towada-class is a series of replenishment oilers of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF). Three ships of the class were built between 1985-89. The ships have the hull designator AOE.

The Towada-class was designed as an enlarged, improved version of the Sagami-class fast combat support ships. The vessels are capable of mounting the Phalanx CIWS by design, although this is not a common occurrence.

List of ships

References

External links

 GlobalSecurity.org entry
GlobalSecurity.org Towada specifications

Auxiliary replenishment ship classes
Ships of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
Ships built by Hitachi Zosen Corporation
Kenneth Corfield. Sir Kenneth George Corfield (27 January 1924 – 11 January 2016) was a British camera engineer and industrialist.

Born in Rushall near Walsall, Corfield attended the South Staffordshire College of Advanced Technology and worked in management development in ICI's Metals division from 1946 until 1950, when with his brother John he established K. G. Corfield Ltd in Wolverhampton. The company first made accessories for photographers, then launched the Periflex camera in 1953; it also imported Exacta Varex and Minox cameras from East Germany.

After a majority holding in the company was bought by Guinness in the early 1960s, he led the expansion of Parkinson Cowan, a maker of gas meters and gas appliances. In 1966 he moved to American company ITT, becoming managing director of their British subsidiary Standard Telephones and Cables in 1969 and then executive chairman from 1979. Here he followed an ambitious expansion strategy, including in 1984 the ill-fated acquisition of computer maker ICL, leading to his resignation the following year.

Corfield was also involved in developing the Architect camera and, in partnership with Brian Gould, he purchased the Gandolfi company in 1982 to ensure its future. He was the chair of the Science Museum committee which in 1982 selected Bradford as the home for the National Museum of Photography, Film & Television, later the National Media Museum. 

In 1982 he received an Honorary Doctorate from the University of Bath. 

Corfield was knighted in 1980. He died at the age of 91 on 11 January 2016.

References 

1924 births
2016 deaths
Engineers from the West Midlands (county)
People from Rushall, West Midlands
Peter Fraenkel (civil engineer). Peter Fraenkel (5 July 1915 – 18 November 2009) was a civil engineer who was instrumental in the revitalisation of the British canal network through the Fraenkel Report of 1970 and the winner of the Telford Medal for his work on Port Talbot harbour in south Wales.

Early years 
Fraenkel was born in Breslau, Germany (now Wroclaw in Poland). His parents were German and he was brought up as a Lutheran even though his father was Jewish. They sent Peter to London at the age of 16 and he studied civil engineering at Imperial College. When WWII began, he was assigned to the Ministry of Works to supervise the building of brigade camps that would be used for soldier training.

Early career 
After WWII, he joined Rendel Palmer and Tritton and specialized in heavy marine engineering projects. He worked on the creation of the Port Talbot harbor in South Wales and was awarded the Telford medal after presenting this project at the Institution of Civil Engineers.

In 1975, Fraenkel put together the Fraenkel report about the UK's 3100 km of canals and whether they could be brought back for commercial use. He argued that there was a case for restoring much of these canals with the government's funding. After this report was submitted to the Department of the Environment, many projects were accomplished such as the restoration of 39 locks on the Kennet and Avon canal and the restoration of the Avoncliff aqueduct.

Consultancy 
Fraenkel set up his own consultancy in 1972. He won projects all over the world and received the Queen's award for enterprise in 1982.

Death 
Fraenkel died at the age of 94 on 18 November 2009. He is survived by his wife, Barbara, of 62 years and his two daughters, Laura and Sarah.

References 

1915 births
2009 deaths
British civil engineers
Engineers from Wrocław
Canal engineers
Polish emigrants to the United Kingdom
Peter Fraenkel (marine engineer). Peter Fraenkel, MBE, is a marine engineer, visiting professor at the University of Edinburgh School of Engineering and a fellow of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers and of the Energy Institute. He is the inventor of the tidal power plant SeaGen.

In 2013, Fraenkel won the Scottish Government's Saltire Prize medal.

He is also the founder of the company Gravitricity, to exploit his concept of suspending heavy weights in abandoned mine shafts to store energy.

See also
Gravity battery

References

Living people
British marine engineers
Scottish mechanical engineers
Fellows of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers
Members of the Order of the British Empire
Year of birth missing (living people)
Indoor Environmental Quality Global Alliance. The Indoor Environmental Quality Global Alliance (IEQ-GA) was initiated in 2014  aiming to improve the actual, delivered indoor environmental quality in buildings through coordination, education, outreach and advocacy. The alliance works to supply information, guidelines and knowledge on the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in buildings and workplaces, and to provide occupants in buildings and workplaces with an acceptable indoor environmental quality (indoor air quality (IAQ), thermal conditions, visual quality, and acoustical quality) and help promote implementation in practice of knowledge from research on the field.

The group has already begun work to collect and critique IEQ standards and is organising and presenting programmes at the conferences of member organisations and others.

The Alliance was launched on June 29, 2014 during ASHRAE’s 2014 Annual Conference in Seattle by the signing of a memorandum of understanding between AIHA, AIVC, ASHRAE, A&WMA, IAQA, and REHVA.  The Alliance was formed by an ad hoc committee appointed by ASHRAE 2013-14 President Bill Bahnfleth to explore ways in which industry groups could work together to address all aspects of indoor environmental quality and health

IEQ-GA was incorporated as a non-profit organization in Belgium in 2019 with ACGIH, AiCARR, AIHA, AIVC, ASHRAE, ISHRAE, and REHVA as founding members of the corporation. The incorporation ceremony took place during the 40th Annual Conference of AIVC on October 15-16, 2019.

IEQ-GA members
The IEQ-GA has the following full members: 
AiCARR (Associazione Italiana Condizionemento dell’Aria, Riscaldamento e Refrigerazione), 
the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA), 
the Air Infiltration and Ventilation Centre (AIVC), 
the Acoustical Society of America (ASA), 
the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), 
the Federation of Ibero-American Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Associations (FAIAR), 
the Federation and Association of the Interior Environment throughout Spain and Andorra (FEDECAI), 
the Institute of Inspection Cleaning and Restoration Certification (IICRC), 
the Indian Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers (ISHRAE), and 
the Federation of European Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning Associations (REHVA)

The IEQ-GA has the following affiliate members: 
The Romanian Chamber of Energy Auditors (OAER)

References

External links
IEQ-GA website

Air pollution
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
Occupational safety and health
Lighting
Building engineering organizations
2014 establishments in the United States
Indoor air pollution
Field Telegraph Corps. Field Telegraph Corps (), designation Ing 3, was a Swedish engineering unit within the Swedish Armed Forces which served in various forms between 1902 and 1937. The main part of the unit was located in the Stockholm Garrison in Stockholm, Uppland.

History
The Field Telegraph Corps was established in 1902 and was organized by the Fields Telegraph Company of the Svea Engineer Battalion, in connection with the battalion's reorganization into Svea Engineer Corps, together with a newly established Field Telegraph Company. The unit changed after a few years the designation to Ing 3. A detachment from the Field Telegraph Corps was during the years 1912-1916 deployed at Axevalla heath and Malmen and formed the backbone of the army air force. The detachment was reorganized in 1916 into the Field Telegraph Corps' 5th Company, the Air Company, which was deployed at Malmen from 1916 to 1926 when the Swedish Air Force was established.

In the Signal Workshop in Sundbyberg (Signalverkstaden i Sundbyberg, SIS) was included in the Field Telegraph Corps, which in 1940 added the newly established Defense Department's Engineering Committee (Försvarsväsendets verkstadsnämnd).

The Field Telegraph Corps was disbanded in 1937 and formed the backbone of the Signal Regiment (S 1).

1914 organisation
In accordance with the 1914 Defense Resolution the Field Telegraph Corps consisted of:

Staff based in Marieberg on Kungsholmen in Stockholm
2 Field Telegraph Companies
1 Park Company 
1 Ordnance Company 
1 Radio Company based at Järvafältet 
1 Balloon Company based at Järvafältet 
1 Air Company based at Malmslätt

Commanding officers
Commanders of the Field Telegraph Corps:

1902–1904: Nils Gustaf Stedt
1904–1910: Georg Frans Herman Julius Juhlin-Dannfelt
1907–1912: Broder Sten A:son Leijonhufvud
1912–1915: Adolf Murray
1915–1920: Karl Amundson
1920–1924: Conrad Erikson
1924–1925: Karl Amundson
1925–1928: Eggert Nauclér
1928–1932: Torsten Friis
1932–1937: Gottfried Hain

Names, designations and locations

References

Engineer corps of the Swedish Army
Military units and formations established in 1902
Military units and formations disestablished in 1937
Disbanded units and formations of Sweden
1902 establishments in Sweden
1937 disestablishments in Sweden
Stockholm Garrison