omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Expandable microsphere. Expandable microspheres are microscopic spheres comprising a thermoplastic shell encapsulating a low boiling point liquid hydrocarbon. When heated to a temperature high enough to soften the thermoplastic shell, the increasing pressure of the hydrocarbon will cause the microsphere to expand. The volume can increase by 60 to 80 times.

Expandable microsphere
The expandable microsphere is a material that can act as a blowing agent when mixed in a product and subsequently heated to cause expansion within the matrix.
The expandable microspheres are off-white, can be 6 to 40 micrometers in average diameter and have a density of 900 to 1400 kg/m3.
The expandable microspheres are used as a blowing agent in products like e.g. puff ink, automotive underbody coatings or injection molding of thermoplastics. Here the product must be heated at some point in the process for the expandable microspheres to expand.

Expanded microsphere 
The expanded microsphere is a material that has been heated to cause expansion. The product acts as a light weight filler in many products.
The expanded microspheres are white, can be 15 to 90 micrometers in average diameter and can have a density of 15 to 70 kg/m3.
The expanded microspheres are used as a lightweight filler in composite materials such as cultured marble, in waterborne paints and crack fillers/joint compound.

Characteristics 
Characteristics that make expandable microspheres unique,
 Ability to expand
 Resilient
 Ultra-low density when expanded
 Closed cells that can be distributed evenly
 Can introduce a pressure in the production process

References

See also 
 Cenosphere
 Glass microsphere
 Microbead
 Microplastics
 Plastic particle water pollution

Thermoplastics
Hydrocarbons
Exel Composites. Exel Composites Plc (natively Exel Composites Oyj, formerly known as Exel Oyj) is a Finnish technology company that designs, manufactures and markets composite profiles and tubes for industrial applications. Exel was founded in 1960 by Yrjö Aho. The company is listed on Nasdaq Helsinki.

The name Exel came from a combination of the words explosive electronics, with the company initially producing electric blasting caps  The company later moved onto production of sports equipment, with a focus on ski poles, before diversifying into a wider range of composite products.

In 2024, Exel has production plants in Finland (Joensuu and Mäntyharju), Austria (Kapfenberg), the United States (Erlanger, Kentucky), and China (Nanjing). In addition, the company has a plant in Goa, India, through Kineco Exel Composites India, a joint venture between Exel Composites and Kineco Ltd.

References 

Companies listed on Nasdaq Helsinki
Finnish brands
Finnish companies established in 1960
Manufacturing companies established in 1960
Mäntyharju
Sporting goods manufacturers of Finland
Public Connectivity System (SPC). The Public Connectivity System, also known as the System of Public Connectivity (SPC) is a network that connects Italy's government agencies, allowing them to share and exchange data and information resources. The system is managed by DigitPA.

Establishment
The system was established and is governed by the Legislative Decree of February 28, 2005, no. 42. The Decree was in turn merged into the Legislative Decree of March 7, 2005, n. 82, defined as:

Basic principles
 Develop architecture and organization to ensure a federated, polycentric and non-hierarchical system.
 Economize use of network services, maintaining interoperability and support for application cooperation.
 Develop markets and competition in information and communication technology.

Security
Central coordination of safety management is carried out by CERT-SPC. The Local Unit Security (ULS) established in the domains related to SPC, in conjunction with the SOC (Security Operation Center) provides access to federated network SPC (Fastweb, Telecom, Wind and BT) to oversee the operational management and continuous operation. Until 2009, the management model of security in SPC also provided a Management Centre, whose duties were transferred to the SOC.

Notes

External links 
 Sistema Pubblico di Connettività (sito CNIPA)
 sito web istituzionale del CERT del Sistema Pubblico di Connettività operativo presso il CNIPA/Digit@PA
 Decreto istitutivo
 il portale dei linked open data di SPC

Government of Italy
Ian F. Thomas. Ian F. Thomas (born 1976) is an American installation artist formally trained in ceramics. He currently lives and works in Slippery Rock, Pennsylvania and is an Assistant Professor of Art at Allegheny College.

Early life and education
Ian F. Thomas was raised in Western Pennsylvania where he spent much of his time on a family farm. It is here where Thomas first became interested in objects and the notion of art as a form of play. The coupling of this rural setting with a sense of childhood imagination has become a foundation for much of Thomas' artistic investigations to this day.

In 1999, Thomas received his bachelor's degree from Slippery Rock University. During this time, he also studied at The Academy of Fine Art and Design in Bratislava, Slovakia. After graduating, He became a studio assistant to ceramic artist Edward Eberle. Thomas has also worked with James Watkins, Von Venhuizen, and Juan Granados at Texas Tech University where he received his MFA in 2006.

Career
Since 2007, Thomas has been an active ceramic arts demonstrator across the country. He has lectured and given demonstrations at Cornell University, East Carolina University, and The Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute, among others. He has also been an active force in experimental collaboration within the fine art world.

In 2009, Thomas founded the Culture Laboratory Collective, a group of twelve artists from across the country who all work with ideas of social cohesion without conforming their own personal aesthetics. The Culture Laboratory Collective has worked with contemporary art critics such as Ben Lewis and Noah Simblist. It has conducted exhibitions at locations such as The Nave Museum, in Victoria, Texas as well as in Jingdezhen, Beijing, and Shanghai, China.

Thomas has exhibited work internationally and appeared in numerous publications. In 2010, Thomas exhibited a performative installation entitled "The Ergonomics of Futility" with photographer, Shreepad Joglekar, at RO2 Gallery in Dallas, Texas. In 2012, he exhibited a collaborative piece, created with artist Ryder Richards, at the 2012 NCECA Invitational Exhibition, located at The Bellevue Arts Museum in Washington.

References

External links 
 Ian F. Thomas official website
 Ian F. Thomas Interview with Ceramics Now Magazine
 Review of "Ergonomics of Futility" by Ryder Richards

1976 births
Living people
21st-century American sculptors
Texas Tech University alumni
American installation artists
21st-century American ceramists
20th-century American sculptors
Sculptors from Pennsylvania
Slippery Rock University alumni
Concept Composites MD03 Transat. The Concept Composites MD03 Transat is a French amphibious flying boat ultralight and light-sport aircraft that was designed and produced by Concept Composites of Pouancé. The aircraft is supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Design and development
The Transat was designed to comply with both French microlight and US light-sport aircraft rules. It features a biplane layout with two seats in side-by-side configuration within an enclosed cockpit, fixed conventional landing gear and a single engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft fuselage is made from composites, with its flying surfaces covered in doped aircraft fabric. Its  span wing has an area of . The standard powerplant is a  BMW 1100RS fuel injected, four-stroke engine. The landing gear is retracted electrically, with a back-up manual system. The Transat is advertised as the only amphibious microlight that can take-off from water at maximum gross weight in under 15 seconds.

Specifications (MD03 Transat)

See also
AAC SeaStar

References

External links

2000s French ultralight aircraft
Light-sport aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Seven Stars in Kyushu. The  is a deluxe sleeping car excursion train operated by Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu) in Japan since October 2013.

Design
The overall design concept of the train was overseen by industrial designer Eiji Mitooka. The name of the train is derived from the seven prefectures of Kyushu and the fact that the train is made up of seven coaches.

The dedicated diesel locomotive, DF200-7000, for the train was built by Kawasaki Heavy Industries in Kobe, based on the JR Freight Class DF200 locomotive, modified for use in Kyushu and finished in a livery of deep maroon. It was completed in July 2013. The coaches are based on the 817 series EMU body design and are mounted on 787 series EMU bogies. Manufacture of the passenger coaches was split between Hitachi in Kudamatsu, Yamaguchi, and JR Kyushu's Kokura Works in Kitakyushu.

Train formation
The train consists of the DF200-7000 locomotive and seven coaches: five sleeping cars, a lounge car, and a dining car, with a total capacity of 28 passengers. The rear car of the train features two deluxe suites with observation windows at the end. All suites have their own toilets and shower facilities, designed in porcelain by the late Sakaida Kakiemon XIV. The total cost of building the train was approximately 3 billion yen.

The train is formed as follows.

Route

The train operates on two-day and four-day circular tours of Kyushu, starting and finishing at Hakata Station. Coach tours are provided from various stations along the route.

2-day itinerary
Day 1  → 
Day 2  →  → Hakata

4-day itinerary
Day 1  →  
Day 2  →  → 
Day 3  →  → 
Day 4  →  → Hakata

History

The dedicated Class DF200-7000 diesel locomotive for this train was delivered to JR Kyushu's Oita Depot from the Kawasaki Heavy Industries Rolling Stock Company in Kobe on 2 July 2013. Four coaches were delivered from Hitachi's Kudamatsu factory on 18 July 2013. The train entered revenue service on 15 October 2013. Introducing Kyushu to the world is a part of the train's purpose.

See also
 List of named passenger trains of Japan
 Joyful Train, the generic name for excursion and charter trains in Japan
 Cassiopeia, a luxury sleeping car train operated by JR East in Japan
 Twilight Express Mizukaze, a luxury sleeping car excursion train operated by JR West in Japan
 Train Suite Shiki-shima, a luxury sleeping car excursion train operated by JR East in Japan

References

Further reading

External links

 

Named passenger trains of Japan
Kyushu Railway Company
Railway services introduced in 2013
Railway coaches of Japan
2013 establishments in Japan
Luxury trains
Platonic crystal. Platonic crystals are periodic structures which are designed to guide flexural wave energy through thin elastic plates.

The term platonic crystal is formed by analogy to photonic crystals, phononic crystals, and plasmonic crystals. The name emphasizes a thin plate formulation, which is governed by a fourth order partial differential equation, as opposed to a second order equation which governs other types of crystals. There are also strong connections between platonic crystals and metamaterials.

The study of platonic crystals is referred to as platonics, and does not refer to the teachings of Plato, or the Platonic solids. The term is now in common usage by multiple research groups in Australia, New Zealand, France, and the United Kingdom.

Applications
The types of platonic structures that have been examined include arrays of perforations, arrays of pins, arrays of point masses, as well as periodic variations in the plate material itself. Platonic crystals have been shown to exhibit a number of behaviours  similar  to  photonic crystals, including negative refraction, beam splitting, and wave trapping. They may also feature large stopbands where wave propagation is not possible through  the crystal, as well as cloaking near degenerate band surfaces. Investigations into defective platonic crystals has also revealed strong energy localization effects within the defects, with high quality factors.

Experimental work in platonics to date has shown promising results in cloaking and flat lens focusing of flexural wave energy.

References

Solid mechanics
Gopal Krushna College of Engineering & Technology. Gopal Krishna College of Engineering & Technology (commonly known as GKCET) is an engineering and technology institute established in 1999. It is a unit of the IEM Society established by Gopal Krushna Nahak in 1989. GKCET is in Jeypore, Odisha, India. The campus is  from the main city. It is a campus of  on the outskirts of Jeypore.

Gopal Krishna College of Engineering & Technology is a center for technical education in Odisha.

Courses offered
The institute offers the following B.Tech. courses:

Affiliation and accreditation
GKCET is affiliated to Biju Patnaik University of Technology (BPUT), Rourkela, Odisha. It is approved by All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), New Delhi. It has been accredidated by National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) since 2015. It is also certified by ISO 9001:2015 for maintaining quality measures.

Organisation structure

Admission
Qualified candidates can apply for admission in any of the four-year B.Tech. (Bachelor of Technology) degree programs, as well as directly in second year (Lateral Entry) in B.Tech. Admissions are made through Odisha Joint Entrance Examination (OJEE) & JEE MAIN Entrance Examination.

Infrastructure and Facilities
It has planned buildings, which includes multi-storeyed main building housing classrooms, laboratories, library, seminar hall, examination hall, offices, IT Lab, drawing hall, canteen, auditorium, etc. Separate hostel facility for boys and girls.

Social Work
GKCET has two units of NSS & also has a registered Youth Red Cross Unit. The NSS units conduct various social awareness programmes & also conducts field visit to various villages and surrounding areas for supporting the environmental cause as well as supporting the people in their day-to-day life. The NSS also organises various programmes like Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, Earth Hour, Drug Free India, Gandhi GLobal Solar Yatra, Save Forests - Save Trees, One Student - One Tree Initiative etc. The Youth Red Cross Unit organises blood donation camps on various occasions.

References

Engineering colleges in Odisha
Colleges affiliated with Biju Patnaik University of Technology
Koraput district
Educational institutions established in 1999
1999 establishments in Orissa
Campbell Middleton. Campbell R. Middleton ( ) is the Laing O'Rourke Professor of Construction Engineering at the University of Cambridge, and director of the Laing O'Rourke Centre for Construction Engineering & Technology in the Cambridge Department of Engineering.

Biography
He holds a BE (Hons), MSc, DIC, PhD, and  CEng, CPEng, FICE, MIE (Aust), and joined the staff at Cambridge in 1989, becoming a Fellow of King's College, Cambridge He previously worked for nearly 10 years in bridge and highway construction and design in Australia and with Arup in London.

Career
The main areas of research are computational collapse analysis, risk and reliability analysis, computer vision for structural evaluation, non-destructive testing and inspection, wireless sensor networks for structural health monitoring,  and sustainability evaluation of constructed facilities. He has also been involved in the development of bridge codes of practice and is a specialist bridge consultant to clients in the UK and abroad.

Honours
He is Chairman of the UK Bridge Owners Forum, established in 2000 by representatives of the bridge owning organisations in the UK. He has been awarded the Diploma of the Henry Adams Award of the Institution of Structural Engineers (1999) and the Telford Premium Award (1999) and Telford Gold Medal (2010) from the Institution of Civil Engineers. He was elected Fellow of the Transport Research Foundation in 2005.

Selected publications
Hoult, N.A., Fidler, P.R.A., Hill, P.G. and Middleton, C.R. (2010) Long-term Wireless Structural Health Monitoring of the Ferriby Road Bridge. ASCE Journal of Bridge Engineering, 15(2), 153–159. 6pp.
Hoult, N.A., Fidler, P.R.A., Hill, P.G. and Middleton, C.R. (2010) Wireless Structural Health Monitoring of Bridges: Present and Future. International Journal of Smart Structures and Systems, 6(3).
Hoult, N.A., Bennett, P.J., Stoianov, I. Maksimovic, C., Middleton, C.R., Graham, N.J.D. and Soga, K. (2009). Wireless Sensor Networks: creating 'Smart Infrastructure'. Proceedings of ICE – Civil Engineering, 162(3), 136–143. This paper was  awarded the 2010 Institution of Civil Engineers Telford Gold Medal
Hoult, N.A., Bennett, P.J., Soga, K. and Middleton, C.R. (2009). Smart Infrastructure: Pervasive WSNs for a more Sustainable Europe. Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Structural Health Monitoring of Intelligent Infrastructure, 8pp.
Hoult, N.A., Fidler, P.R.A., Wassell, I.J., Hill, P.G. and Middleton, C.R. (2008). Wireless Structural Health Monitoring at the Humber Bridge. Proceedings of ICE – Bridge Engineering, 161(BE4), 189–195.
Middleton, C.R. (2007) Bridge assessment chapter in Modeling Complex Engineering Structures, ASCE, Editors R.E.Melchers & R.Hough. .

References

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Fellows of King's College, Cambridge
Lanchester Thirty-Eight. The Lanchester Thirty-Eight was manufactured from 1910 to 1914 by the Lanchester Motor Company, located in Birmingham, England.

History
It was designed by the youngest brother, George Lanchester assisted by Frederick Lanchester acting as a consultant which was a reversal of their previous roles. By the end of 1913 Frederick Lanchester would cease to have any connection with the company at all. 

However as the 38 hp was a development of the preceding 28 hp which was designed by Frederick this car may be said to have more of Fred than of George in it.

References

Notes

External links

38
Cars introduced in 1910
Advanced traveller information system. An Advanced Traveller Information System (ATIS) is any system that acquires, analyzes, and presents information to assist surface transportation travellers in moving from a starting location (origin) to their desired destination.  An ATIS may operate through information supplied entirely within the vehicle (autonomous system) or it can also use data supplied by the traffic management centres. Relevant information may include locations of incidents, weather and road conditions, optimal routes, recommended speeds, and lane restrictions, all part of the Intelligent transportation system or ITS.

Types of systems

The various types of systems are public, private, or a combination and can be provided free, through user subscriptions, or third-party sponsorship. Delivery of ATIS can be by television, radio, computer, cell phone that includes mapping, 5-1-1 (US), Text messaging using SMS information systems, automobile through in-vehicle information systems, Variable-message signs, as well as any other means of communication,  received as personal or mass communications before, during, and after traveling.  Kiosks may be located at airports, bus stations, subways, or tourist locations.

Countries
Advanced Traveler Information System's, in one form or another, are used in many countries around the world under various names.

 Australia: Uses Smartraveller provided by the Australian government, through the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and trade, and provides worldwide travel information as well as travel warnings.
 United States: In 2003 the Federal Highway Administration, through the Office of International Programs, visited Spain, Germany, Sweden, Scotland, and England, that already had traveler information products and services covering all modes of transportation, to examine European practices before implementing the "511" telephone traveler information system.
 Portugal: As part of the "Special EU Programmes Body", Atlantic Area Trans-national Programme, implemented START that incorporates the network manager Integra. The system includes the search engine Rome2rio.
 Iran: This system, named "Radio-Payam" in Tehran, Iran, broadcasts traffic reports, including descriptions of overall traffic conditions on the main corridors, traffic jam location and their clearance, and recommended alternative routes.

See also
 Drivebc
 Integrated Transport Information System (used in Malaysia)

External links
 The effect of Advanced Traveller Information Systems on public transport demand and its uncertainty
 Long term effects  ICT-mediated travel information services

References

Transport software
Escapade Kid. The Escapade Kid is a single-engine, single-seat, high-wing monoplane, developed and built in the United Kingdom in the 2000s.

Design and development
Despite its name, the Kid is not a direct development of the Reality Escapade but seems to be a derivative of the Flying K Sky Raider, the predecessor of the Reality Sky Raider.  Escapade took over the Kid in 2008 from Reality, whose address they share.

The Kid has a welded steel frame structure, fabric covered.  Its high wings have constant chord and are built around two spars, one of which also forms the wing leading edge.  The wing carries balanced ailerons and flaps; they fold back for transport, remaining horizontal. Each wing is braced by a V-form pair of struts, assisted by jury strutting.

The fuselage is flat sided with a narrow dorsal ridge sloping upwards from the tail to the wing trailing edge.  The single seat cabin is below the wing, its windows full-chord and the screen just forward of the leading edge. Access is via a hinged transparency and shallow hinged fuselage panel.  The Kid usually has an 18 kW (24 hp) Hirth F33 single cylinder two-stroke engine, though the 30 kW (40 hp) Aero 40 Wankel engine is an alternative.  The Kid has its tailplane mounted on top of the fuselage, braced with V-struts from below and wire-braced to the fin above.  The fin and rudder are broad chord and rounded. The starboard elevator has a trim tab.  The undercarriage is fixed and conventional, with brakeable mainwheels on faired-in V-struts hinged to the lower fuselage longerons, with bungee-sprung half axles mounted on a central compression frame.  There is a solid tailwheel.

Operational history
The Kid made its first public appearance in November 2008 at the Sport and Leisure Aviation Show held in Birmingham, UK.  It is available either as a kit for home building or in ready to fly form.  With an empty weight of 115 kg (340 lb) and a wing loading just less than the 10 kg/m2 (2.05 lb/ft2), the Kid qualifies in the UK as a single seat deregulated (SSDR) microlight, so does not require a Certificate of Airworthiness or a Permit to Fly. In spring 2012 there were three Kids on the UK civil aircraft register.

Specifications

References

2000s British sport aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Tube Products of India. Tube Products of India (TPI) a Unit of Tube Investments of India Ltd. is a steel tubes manufacturer based in India.

History
Tube Investments of India is a flagship company of Murugappa Group. Tube Products of India was established in collaboration with Tube Products (Old Bury) Limited, UK to produce Electric resistance welding (ERW) and Cold Drawn Welded (CDW) tubes also called as Drawn Over Mandrel tubes.

The International Business Division (IBD) gearing TPI to compete with global tube manufacturers. The most recent addition to TPI is the Tubular Components Division (TCD), which manufactures high strength tubular auto components, providing the advantage of weight reduction, higher component efficiency and cost reduction.

TPI produces CRCA strips including special extra deep drawing, high tensile, medium carbon, high carbon finding application in industries such as Bearings, Automobile, Auto Ancillaries, white goods, fine blanking and General Engineering.

Images

See also
 Murugappa Group
 TI Cycles of India
 Tube Investments of India Ltd

References

External links

Steel companies of India
Companies based in Chennai
Indian companies established in 1955
Manufacturing companies established in 1955
1955 establishments in Madras State
Murugappa Group