omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Brussels Metro line 3. Line 3 is a planned expansion of the Brussels Metro, running from Albert, through the existing premetro (underground tram) tunnel, and eventually terminating at Bordet. , it is under construction.

History

A very similar metro line was planned in 1969, but this project did not go ahead.

In 2009, STIB/MIVB's director-general Alain Flausch announced plans to develop north–south metro lines, because it was increasingly difficult to improve surface transport in dense suburbs, and said a line to Bordet had political consensus. In 2010, Beliris commissioned a study into the route, with approximately  and 7 stations. The plan was approved in 2013, with construction scheduled to start in 2018 and the first metros running in 2022.

Beliris is responsible for building the northern part of the route, and STIB is building the rest. In June 2023, Beliris asked for help from the Belgian Government, following a series of delays and cost overruns. , construction was expected to be complete in 2032.

Route
The southern section of the line reuses existing premetro infrastructure, from Albert to Gare du Nord/Noordstation. This is expected to open in 2024. North of there, new track is being built, as far as Bordet; this is expected to be complete in 2030.

The new metro will not use the current Lemonnier station. Instead, a new station, Toots Thielemans, will be built between Gare du Midi/Zuidstation and Anneessens. Lemonnier would be rebuilt to allow tram connections, but there have been tunneling difficulties under the Midi Palace, and long delays.

Several other changes are needed on the premetro route. Electrification is changing 600V overhead line to 930V DC third-rail, and platforms designed for trams are changing to accommodate the new rolling stock.

Some tram routes will be reconfigured, working around the new metro services. Albert will become multimodal, with tram routes 2 and 3 terminating there.

The new metro stations in the northern section are:
 Bordet
 Paix/Vrede
 Tilleul/Linde
 Riga
 Verboekhoven
 Colignon
 Liedts

In 2012, plans were announced to build a further line to the south, as far as Uccle; at the time, it was expected to open in 2025.

Rolling stock
The metro line will use M7 trains, built by CAF.

Further reading
 Construction of metro line 3
 Planned Metro map

References

3
City of Brussels
Evere
Forest, Belgium
Saint-Gilles, Belgium
Proposed transport infrastructure in Belgium
Beliris. Beliris is a joint venture between the Belgian Federal State and the Brussels Region.

Governance
Beliris is responsible for a range of construction projects in Belgium, improving infrastructure and cementing Brussels' role as a European capital. It is responsible for building new transport infrastructure, urban renewal, and restoring some historic buildings.

Initially, the federal government allocated €125 million of annual funding; but the 2023-2024 budget is €771 million to support some major projects.

Projects
Beliris has a large catalogue of projects. These include:
 Northern section of Brussels Metro line 3
 Schuman-Josaphat tunnel
 Reconstruction of the Robert Schuman Roundabout
 Belliard-Schuman-Kortenberg road tunnel
 Cinquantenaire Park renewal
Beliris is also commissioning a study into the feasibility of "The Highlane," a link between Luxembourg and Schuman stations for pedestrians and cyclists.

External links
 Beliris website
 Beliris on Instagram
 Beliris on Youtube

References

City of Brussels
Transport infrastructure in Belgium
Organisations based in Brussels
Reflo. Reflo is a sustainable apparel company based in England, the United Kingdom.

History
Reflo was founded in 2021 by Rory MacFadyen as a sustainable apparel company, using personal and private investor funds. Reflo apparel is predominantly made from recycled plastic waste, and is designed to meet the performance demands of high-level sporting activities. It uses only recycled or recyclable packaging, excludes single-use plastics from its supply chain, and complies with ethical labour practices. It has developed on a number of methods to offset the carbon footprint of its workforce and sponsored athletes. The company plants a tree for each product sold and is expected to plant a million trees by 2026.

In its initial year of operation, Reflo succeeded in recycling the equivalent of more than 140,000 plastic bottles. Additionally, the company contributed to environmental conservation by planting over 16,000 trees and offsetting 250 tonnes of carbon. The company has set the goal to plant 1 million trees and recycle the equivalent of 5 million plastic bottles in the first 5 years.

In November 2021, Reflo launched a multi-sport apparel line made from recycled plastic waste.

In March 2023, Reflo received the Drapers Den Award.

Operations
Registered in Doncaster, Reflo operates remotely with staff across the UK, the Middle East and the Far East. Its founder, Rory MacFadyen, resides in Dubai.

Production
Reflo's products are mostly produced in China. They are made from recycled polyester, including RPET, sourced from Far Eastern post-consumer waste. Its T-shirts feature Java-tek fabric, made from recycled coffee beans to enhance drying and odour management. It complies with the Business Social Compliance Initiative (BSCI), a standard ensuring fair wages, no child labour.

Sportswear
Reflo launched with a sustainable clothing line focussed on active/training, golf and leisure pieces.
 The collection, consisting of 57 versatile items, meets multiple sustainability certifications, including the Global Recycled Standard, Bluesign, Oeko-Tex 100, and U Trust. Its products uses eco-friendly materials derived from recycled waste, including single-use plastic and coffee beans. Reflo also turns all unusable samples into up cycled products such as golf club head covers.

 Reflo Congo Polo Shirt
 Reflo Sidra trouser
 Reflo Lapter Hoody
 Reflo Sidra Chino Trousers
 Reflo Barents Mid Layer
 Reflo Bohai Polo Shirt
 Reflo Lapter hoodie

Awards and recognition
 2023: Drapers Sustainable Fashion Awards
 Drapers Den 2023 Winner

References

Companies based in London
British companies established in 2021
Electra Battery Materials. Electra Battery Materials Corporation (EBMC, formerly First Cobalt Corp.) is a Canadian multinational corporation engaged in mining and refining raw materials for electric batteries. Electra owns and operates the first fully permitted metallurgical refinery in North America for producing battery-grade cobalt and nickel sulfate. The company also owns the Iron Creek cobalt-copper deposit in Lemhi County, Idaho, US.

History 
Cobalt has historically been obtained as a byproduct of copper and nickel mining. The electric vehicle boom in the 2010s created an increased demand for cobalt as a component of electric batteries. In response to that, Electra (First Cobalt Corporation at the time) emerged as a pure-play cobalt exploration and mining company in 2017. The company completed a three way merger with CobalTech Mining Inc. and Cobalt One Ltd to consolidate its ownership of cobalt assets in the Ontario cobalt camp.

First Cobalt acquired junior explorer US Cobalt in 2018 and took ownership of its Iron Creek cobalt-copper project. The Iron Creek deposit is located in the Idaho Cobalt Belt, which is the second largest known source of cobalt in the United States. In a 2019 estimate, First Cobalt defined an indicated resource of 6000 tons of cobalt and 13,000 tons of copper contained in this deposit. By 2021, the company doubled its land position surrounding the Iron Creek project.

In late 2021, the company announced the creation of Electra Battery Materials Park at its Ontario refinery site, with the addition of a recycling plant for expired Lithium-ion batteries. Soon after, the company changed its name to Electra Battery Materials to reflect the strategic shift from being a pure-play cobalt miner toward refining and recycling a wider variety of battery materials. In June 2022, Electra started preliminary discussions with the Quebec government to build a second cobalt refinery in the Bécancour Industrial Park.

In December 2022, Electra launched a black mass (shredded remains of Li-ion batteries) recycling trial and demonstrated capability to extract lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese, copper, and graphite at scale.

In August 2024, the United States Department of Defense announced a million award to Electra for the completion of the Ontario refinery and to start production of cobalt sulfate.

See also 

 Battery recycling
 Redwood Materials inc.

References 

Canadian companies established in 2017
Companies based in Ontario
Mineral exploration
Battery recycling
Mining companies of Canada
Multinational companies
Sanjoy Paul. Sanjoy Paul (born January 22, 1962) is an Indian-American computer scientist who is a  fellow of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers and The Institution of Engineering and Technology. He was also the recipient of the Thomas Alva Edison patent award from the Research and Development Council of New Jersey. In 1997, he received the IEEE William R. Bennett Jr. award for best original paper in IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking.

He was one of the youngest IEEE fellows and is known for his research works in the areas of the Internet of things (IoT), Artificial intelligence/Machine learning (AI/ML), Computer network, 5G and Wireless network, Multimedia streaming, and Content distribution.

Early life and education 
Paul completed his bachelor's in Electronics and Electrical Communications Engineering (ECE) from the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, in 1985.

He attended the Wharton Business School, the University of Pennsylvania in 2005 for a Master of Business Administration (MBA).

Career 
Paul was one of the youngest IEEE Fellows and served as an editor of IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, guest editor of IEEE Network Special Issue on Multicasting, steering committee member of IEEE COMSNETS (Communication Systems & Networks), general chair of International Conference on Distributed Computing and Networking (ICDCN) 2011, Internet Multimedia Services Architecture and Application (IMSAA) 2010, and COMSWARE (Conference on Communication System software and Middleware) 2007, Technical Program Chair of COMSWARE 2006, and as a Technical Program Committee Member of several IEEE and ACM International.

Selected publications

Books 
 1998 - Multicasting on the Internet and its Applications.
 2010 - Digital Video Distribution in Broadband, Television, Mobile and Converged Networks: Trends, Challenges, and Solutions.

Articles

See also
 List of fellows of IEEE Communications Society

References 

Rice University staff
Fellows of the Institution of Engineering and Technology
Fellows of the IEEE
Living people
1962 births
San Jose State University faculty
Vention. Vention is a Canadian automation company whose platform combines engineering software and plug-and-play automation components. It supplies parts, designs hardware, and provides e-commerce and 3-D computer-aided design (CAD) software. Vention is headquartered in Montreal, Canada, and has offices in Berlin, Germany, and Boston, Massachusetts.

Clients 
Vention's customers include engineers at more than 3,000 factories owned by companies such as Toyota, General Electric, Tesla, Siemens, and Airbus, as well as Google, Amazon, Boeing and Lockheed. Customers create, design and order custom equipment on Vention's online platform to be used in their production lines, including test benches, robot work stations and assembly lines. The company launched code-free robot programming tools to let users program their robot in the cloud, order the entire robot cell, and deploy it on their manufacturing floor.

History 
In 2016, Vention was founded in Montreal, Canada by Etienne Lacroix, a former General Electric Co. product manager and McKinsey consultant,  and Max Windisch.

In 2017, Vention raised $3.5M USD with support from White Star Capital, Bolt, and Real Ventures. In the same year, Vention announced the beta launch of its 3D CAD software - MachineBuilder.

Vention launched its MachineMotion controller and MachineApps to create a plug-and-play approach when programming equipment motions in 2018. The following year, Vention raised $13M USD in Series A funding, led by Bain Capital Ventures. In the same year, Vention launched MachineLogic, a code-free environment to program, simulate, and deploy industrial automation sequences.

Vention raised $30M USD in Series B funding in 2020, led by Georgian Partners, Bain Capital Ventures, and White Star Capital. Vention opened an EMEA office in Berlin, Germany in 2021 to provide assistance to manufacturers on both sides of the Atlantic. In the same year, Vention announced alliances with FANUC, OnRobot, and Universal Robots.

In 2022, Vention raised over $95M USD in Series C financing, led by Georgian and Fidelity, and opened a new office in Boston, Massachusetts. In the same year, Vention launched MachineCloud, software for assisted industrial automation deployment.

Vention opened a new distribution center in Montreal, Canada in 2023 with over 70,000 sq feet to assemble, test, package, and ship all North American orders. In the same year, Vention opened its Vention Experience Center, a training and development center in its Montreal headquarters, to train automation practitioners.

References 

Automation organizations
Manufacturing companies of Canada
Bain Capital companies
Eunice Santos. Eunice E. Santos is an American computer scientist. After early research on parallel algorithms, her more recent research has concerned computational aspects of social networks, complex adaptive systems, and modeling the behavior of humans interacting with these systems.

Early life and education
Santos is originally from Ohio. She is the daughter of two academics at Youngstown State University: her father, Eugene S. Santos, was a professor of mathematics and computer science, and her mother, Evelyn Santos, was a lecturer in mathematics and electrical engineering. Her brother, Eugene Santos Jr., became a professor of computer engineering at Dartmouth College.

She began her studies at Youngstown State University at age 13, majored in mathematics and computer science there, and graduated at age 17 in 1989. Next, she went to the University of California, Berkeley for graduate study in computer science, earning a master's degree and completing her Ph.D. in 1995 under the supervision of Richard M. Karp. Her dissertation Studies of Parallel Complexity within the LogP Model was based on her work with Karp and others introducing and analyzing the LogP machine, an abstract model of parallel computation.

Career
She became a faculty member at Virginia Tech and at Lehigh University, and a researcher at the Center for Technology and National Security Policy in the US Institute for National Strategic Studies, before moving to the University of Texas at El Paso as chair of the computer science department, director of the National Center for Border Security and Immigration, and director of the Center for Defense Systems Research. In 2014, she became founding co-editor-in-chief of the journal IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems.

Next, in 2015, she moved to the Illinois Institute of Technology as professor of computer science and Ron Hochsprung Endowed Chair, before serving as dean of the School of Information Sciences at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign from August 2019 until January 2025.

Recognition
Santos was a 2010 recipient of the Technical Achievement Award of the IEEE Computer Society, given "for pioneering contributions to Computational Social Network Systems". 
In 2019, she became the inaugural recipient of the IEEE Big Data Security Woman of Achievement Award. She was elected as an IEEE Fellow, in the 2023 class of fellows, "for leadership in computational social networks".

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American computer scientists
American women computer scientists
Youngstown State University alumni
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Virginia Tech faculty
Lehigh University faculty
Illinois Institute of Technology faculty
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign faculty
Fellows of the IEEE
IRIS Dena. IRIS Dena 75 (Persian : ناوشکن دنا) is a Moudge-class frigate in Southern Fleet of the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy, named after Mount Dena.

Description 
It is described as both destroyer and frigate by English media but in Persian it is known as (ناوشکن). The Dena weighs about 1,300 to 1,500 tons and its length and width are 94 and 11 meters. Dena like other Iranian Moudge-class has a pad to host a helicopter.

The first Iranian destroyer that equipped by 4 Iran-made engines, “Bonyan 4” is Dena. Every engine has 5,000 horsepower and in total Dena has 20,000 horsepower. Also, a Bow thruster system is installed in its front for increasing the maneuverability.

Armament 
Comparing with its previous same-class frigate, the number of missiles they carry, is significant, Iranian Navy Commander Hossein Khanzadi announced. For the first time in Iranian navy industry Dena frigate will be equipped with vertical launching system (VLS), he added.

The fire control system of Dena is capable of interception of 40 targets and clashing with five targets simultaneously.

Dena equipped with both surface-to-air and anti-ship missiles, consists of 4 Qader anti-ship missiles, a 76 mm Fajr-27 naval gun, and a 40 mm Fath-40 AA cannon, two 20 mm Oerlikon, two 12.7mm heavy machine guns, and two triple torpedo launcher, 533 mm.

A “Asr” radar is installed on this frigate, covering 360 degrees in range of 300 km around the Dena.

Mission 
Dena and Makran in 86th naval fleet have done the 360-Degree mission in 2022-2023 around the planet, a historic mission for the Iranian Navy.

References 

Moudge-class frigates
Ships built at Iranian Naval Factories
Frigates of Iran
Analytical band centrifugation. Analytical band centrifugation (ABC) (also known as analytical band ultracentrifugation, or band sedimentation-velocity), is a specialized ultracentrifugation procedure, where unlike the typical use of (boundary) sedimentation velocity analytical ultracentrifugation (SV-AUC) wherein a homogenous bulk solution is centrifuged, in ABC a thin (~15 μL, ~500 μm) sample is layered on top of a bulk solvent and then centrifuged. The method is distinguished from  zone-sedimentation in that a stabilizing density gradient is self-generated during centrifugation, through the use of a higher density (than the sample) bulk "binary solvent", containing both a solvent (i.e. H2O), and a second component (small molecules, i.e. CsCl) that will sediment to form a stabilizing density gradient for the sample. 

ABC also requires specially designed analytical ultracentrifuge cells, as the sample is not manually applied by pipette but instead automatically delivered via capillary under low g-forces at the beginning of a run from a reservoir within the cell. It was first demonstrated in 1963, and was not commonly used for many decades, but recently has become more widely used due to its applicability to quality control measurements on therapeutic viruses such as adeno-associated viruses (AAVs). The profiles resulting from ABC analyses are similar in their interpretation to the profiles from electrophoretic separations ("electropherograms"), and thus have been dubbed "centrifugrams".

See also
 Svedberg
 Sedimentation
 Centrifugation
 Differential centrifugation

References

Laboratory techniques
Centrifugation
Malika Grayson. Malika Grayson is a Trinidadian-American engineer, speaker, and author.

Early life and education
Malika Grayson was born in Brooklyn, New York and raised in Trinidad and Tobago. She moved to New York in 2008, at the age of 19, to study physics at Adelphi University. During a Summer Undergraduate Research Experience in the wave lab at Georgia Tech, she discovered her interest in engineering. Grayson applied to PhD engineering programs at MIT, Cornell University, Columbia University, and Georgia Tech and was accepted to all four. After graduating with a Bachelor of Science degree in physics from Adelphi University, she ultimately chose to attend Cornell University so she could work with Professor Ephrahim Garcia, who was also of Caribbean descent. While at Cornell, Grayson focused her research on wind power and earned her Master of Science in 2014 and her PhD in 2016, both in mechanical engineering.

Career
After receiving her PhD at Cornell, Grayson was hired at Northrop Grumman and worked in the rotational program for several years, before eventually becoming a program manager. In 2020, she released the book Hooded: A Black Girl's Guide to the Ph. D., which describes her experiences as a black woman in academia. That same year, she also founded STEMinist Empowered, an organization providing guidance and mentorship to women of color pursuing graduate degrees in STEM fields.

References

Living people
African-American women engineers
21st-century American women engineers
21st-century American engineers
African-American engineers
Cornell University College of Engineering alumni
Adelphi University alumni
Trinidadian and Tobagonian diaspora in the United States
Year of birth missing (living people)
Hidetoshi Onodera. Hidetoshi Onodera is a professor at the Department of Communications and Computer Engineering at Kyoto University. His research includes design technologies for digital, analog, and radio-frequency integrated circuits. Onodera was the program chair and general chair of International Conference on Computer-Aided Design and Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference. He is a member of Science Council of Japan.

Onodera was named Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers in 2018 "[f]or contributions to variation-aware design and analysis of integrated circuits".

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Japanese electrical engineers
Fellows of the IEEE
Kyoto University
Ling Yongshun. Ling Yongshun (; 2 April 1937 – 2 July 2023) was a Chinese academic specializing in electronic countermeasures technology, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

Biography
Ling was born in Dingyuan County, Anhui, on 2 April 1937. He secondary studied at Jiashan High School (now Mingguang High School). In 1956, he enrolled at Beijing Normal University, where he majored in physics.

After university in 1960, Ling was despatched as a trainee teaching assistant to Harbin Military Engineering Institute (now Harbin Engineering University) and subsequently a physics teacher at Xi'an Armoured Reconnaissance Engineering College the next year. In December 1969, he was sent to the May Seventh Cadre Schools to do farm works, and joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in April 1970. He was reinstated in June 1972, when he was appointed an official of the Xi'an Armoured Reconnaissance Engineering College. In June 1976, he became an official at the Anhui Electric Power Design Institute (now Anhui Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd. of China Energy Engineering Corporation), and served until May 1980, when he was recruited as a professor at the PLA Electronic Engineering Institute.

Personal life and death 
Ling had two daughters. On 2 July 2023, Ling died in Beijing, at the age of 86.

Honours and awards
 1992 State Technological Invention Award (Second Class)
 1996 State Science and Technology Progress Award (Second Class)
 1997 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)
 1998 State Science and Technology Progress Award (Second Class)
 2009 State Science and Technology Progress Award (Second Class)

References

1937 births
2023 deaths
People from Chuzhou
Engineers from Anhui
Beijing Normal University alumni
Members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
20th-century Chinese engineers
21st-century Chinese engineers