omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Willow Peripherals. Willow Peripherals, Inc., was an American computer hardware company active from 1986 to 2004 and based in New York City. The company was well known for their frame grabber and television output adapter cards for the IBM Personal Computer and adapters. Willow was based in Port Morris in the South Bronx for most of its existence.

History
Willow Peripherals was originally incorporated in Manhattan in 1984 by founders Jonathan Vail, Bill Bares, Valerie Gardner, Calvin Berger and Howard Alexander. The company's first products were generic expansion cards and peripherals for the IBM Personal Computer.

In 1986, the company moved to Port Morris in the South Bronx and began developing video-related products for the IBM PC shortly afterward. The company leased an 8,100-square-foot facility in Port Morris for a bargain $2 per square foot, a rate that barely grew in the decade that followed. The company however suffered from a lack of employees interested in working for the company, owing to the South Bronx's contemporary reputation for crime and urban decay. Between October 1992 and September 1993, the company's workforce dwindled from 25 workers to only 10. Manufacturing of Willow's products was originally done out of their Bronx headquarters, but owing to increasing restrictions on environmental safeguards in New York in the early 1990s, production was outsourced to a factory in Pennsylvania.

The company's first video-related product was the Publishers' VGA, a frame grabber expansion card, released in September 1988. The Publishers' VGA was relatively low-cost and had the advantage of being able to capture a single frame from a composite video source without the video source needing to be paused. The card tied in with Willow's Video Capture Software (VCAP), which could export the frame grab to a number of image file formats, including TIFF, PCX, and EPS.

Later in 1988, the company introduced the VGA-TV, a device which could output full VGA video over a composite signal, the first product on the market with this purpose. In 1990, the product was revised as the VGA-TV GE/O, which supported the superior S-Video signal, achieving near perfect reproduction of standard VGA pictures on certain equipped NTSC television sets, as well as genlocking, allowing multiple video sources to be overlaid through a video mixer without instability. The VGA-TV saw widespread use in many disparate areas, including in the White House, where it was used to pipe the output of PC teleprompter software for Presidents George H. W. Bush and Bill Clinton to read; as well as in the film industry, where it facilitated certain special effects.

Willow's website stopped updating in 2000 and went dark four years later.

References

1984 establishments in New York (state)
2004 disestablishments in New York  (state)
American companies established in 1984
American companies disestablished in 2004
Computer companies established in 2004
Computer companies disestablished in 2004
Defunct computer companies of the United States
Defunct computer companies based in New York (state)
Defunct computer hardware companies
Entropy/Enthalpy. Entropy/Enthalpy is a two-CD live album by the jazz ensemble The Turbine!, consisting of double bassists Harrison Bankhead and Benjamin Duboc, and drummers Hamid Drake and Ramón López. It was recorded during February 2014 at various locations in France during a tour that took place as part of a transatlantic exchange of musicians called The Bridge. While the first CD presents just the core group, three guest artists appear on the second CD: saxophonist Lionel Garcin, trumpeter Jean-Luc Cappozzo, and double bassist William Parker. The album was released in 2015 by the Rogueart label.

The group's name was proposed by López, who was "inspired by the thought that two basses and two drum kits would lead to perpetual motion and perpetual sound, much like an actual turbine." The track titles were taken from concepts in thermodynamics and physics.

Reception

In a review for The Free Jazz Collective, Eric McDowell wrote: "Given the members' pedigrees, as well as their chosen name (and punctuation!), we shouldn't be surprised to find that the music on Entropy/Enthalpy... is full of concentrated energy and power... Each track is credited to the entire group, reflecting a perfect union of parts... The effect is to subsume individual personalities under a common identity and allow listeners to sharpen their focus on the sounds themselves."

John Sharpe of All About Jazz stated that, of the two double bassists, Bankhead "typically signals melodic intent," while Duboc "majors on texture and timbre." He also noted that "Even though nothing is scripted, the Drake/Bankhead tandem ensures that links to the jazz tradition are never far away."

Writing for The New York City Jazz Record, Andrey Henkin suggested that the ensemble "wins the griffin-shaped award for oddest instrumental ensemble in recent memory," and commented: "Within the pieces there are trios, duos and solo segments, so that once a listener becomes accustomed to the timbral palette and appreciates the subtle change in dynamic flow... no frontline instrument seems lacking."

Track listing

CD 1
 "Rotor/Stator" – 8:49
 "Thermodynamic Potential" – 7:50
 "Electric Network" – 6:45
 "Steaming" – 5:18
 "Magnetic Induction" – 5:47
 "Sparks in the Dark" – 9:30
 "Natural Energy" – 7:20
 "Compression/Depression" – 4:42

CD 2
 "Electrical Coil" – 20:00
 "Free Power" – 28:22
 "Relief Valves" – 6:11
 "500 Megawatts" – 8:13

Personnel 
The Turbine!
 Harrison Bankhead – double bass
 Benjamin Duboc – double bass
 Hamid Drake – drums, frame drum, vocals
 Ramon Lopez – drums, tabla, percussions

 Guests
 Jean-Luc Cappozzo – trumpet (CD 2, track 1)
 Lionel Garcin – alto saxophone (CD 2, track 4)
 William Parker – double bass (CD 2, tracks 2–3)

References

2015 live albums
Harrison Bankhead live albums
Hamid Drake live albums
RogueArt live albums
Sung Shin Rolling Stock Technology. Sung Shin Rolling Stock Technology, also stylized as Sung Shin RST, is a South Korean company manufacturing rolling stock and equipment.

History 
The company was founded in 1990 as Sung Shin Industrial Company. In 1994, the company changed its name to Sung Shin Industrial Company, Limited and  again in 2009 in its current one, to indicate its focus on railway systems such as bogies, locomotives, coaches, and systems integrator in the international stage.

Products
Notable projects include supplying some of South Korea's maintenance vehicles, rehabilitation of KTX trains and passenger coaches.

Rail

Domestic 
 KNR/Korail and DJET Inspection Cars
 KNR/Korail Track Inspection Vehicle
 Diesel Hydraulic Locomotives (Shung Shin Cement, Hyundai Rotem, Hyundai Steel, POSCO, Seoul Metro, and High One) 
 Korail Freight Wagons
 Korail Sleeping Coaches
 Haeundae Beach Battery-Electric Tram

International 
 Diesel Locomotives (Saudi Arabia, Thailand)
 Passenger Coaches (Gabon, Tunisia, Tanzania SGR, Republic of Congo, Bangladesh Railways)
 Bogies (Philippines DOST Hybrid Electric Train, Malaysia)

See also 
 Economy of South Korea
 Hyundai Rotem
 Dawonsys
 Woojin Industrial Systems

References

External links 
 SSRST web site

Engineering companies of South Korea
Locomotive manufacturers of South Korea
Rail vehicle manufacturers of South Korea
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1990
South Korean brands
1990 establishments in South Korea
São Paulo Metro M stock. The São Paulo Metro M stock is a class of trains built by Bombardier between 2011 and 2014 to operate on Line 15-Silver, opened in 2014. This is the first monorail class of trains of the state of São Paulo.

Accidents and incidents 
 On 14 October 2016, a train left Oratório station with its doors open, due to an error in a programming made by Bombardier in the composition's computers.
 On 29 January 2019, two trains in tests collided at the not yet opened Jardim Planalto station. According to a Metropolitan Company report, the accident was caused by human error.
 In January 2020, screws fell from one of the line's track switches, making it operate with reduced speed for 5 days.
 On 27 February 2020, a tire of M20 train exploded, interrupting the whole line. After Bombardier and Metro technicians studied and repaired the equipments, the branch was partially reopened on 2 June and fully reopened on 18 June. According to the secretary of Metropolitan Transports, Alexandre Baldy, one of the possible causes were imperfections on the concrete tracks, which caused excessive vibrations, making the tire runflat mechanism touch the rubber inside the wheel, causing premature damage and subsequent severance.
 On 8 March 2023, trains M14 and M15 collided between stations Sapopemba and Jardim Planalto at 4:30 a.m. (GMT-3), during the preparation for the beginning of operation. As the line was not opened, the trains had no passengers on board, but there were train operators, one of them who was slightly injured. On the following day, during the removal of the collided trains, they crashed again, this time leaving no one harmed. Both were later moved to the yard, with no other incidents.

See also 
 Line 15 (São Paulo Metro)
 São Paulo Metro

References

External links 
  
  

Multiple units of Brazil
Bombardier Transportation multiple units
750 V DC multiple units
São Paulo Metro
V-4 (rocket launch). V-4 was the first mostly-successful launch of the Aggregat 4 rocket, later known as  (V-2). The launch occurred on the afternoon of 3 October 1942 and the rocket set a speed record of Mach 4, reached an apogee of , thereby becoming the first artificial object to reach both the mesosphere and the thermosphere, surpassing the apogee of  set by the Paris gun in 1918.

At the time, the V-4 launch was considered the first time a man-made object reached outer space (, "Birthday of spaceflight"). That evening, Walter Dornberger declared in a speech at Peenemunde, 

In 1960, the World Air Sports Federation (FAI) defined a boundary for space at  (approximately the highest possible altitude where an aircraft can fly at less than orbital velocity in order not to stall), while the United States' Air Force, NASA and Federal Aviation Administration consider  the space boundary, the lower mesopause. The V-4 launch satisfied the present-day American definition, while it did not cross the FAI's 100 km line. The 100 km boundary was established much later however, and the V-4 trajectory did reach the Kármán altitude range (c. ), of which the 100-kilometer boundary is simply a round-number approximation.

See also
 List of V-2 test launches
 Spaceflight before 1951

References

1942 in Germany
V-weapons
Wernher von Braun
Space programme of Germany
Short-range ballistic missiles
1940s in spaceflight
List of wheeled self-propelled howitzers. Howitzers are one of two primary types of field artillery. Historically, howitzers fired a heavy shell in a high-trajectory from a relatively short barrel and their range was limited but they were slightly more mobile than similar size field guns. Since the end of World War II, howitzers have gained longer barrels and hence increased range to become gun-howitzers.

Wheeled based self-propelled howitzer was a common option when motorised vehicles became a standard for armies, but this shifted to tracked based vehicles. Few wheeled solutions were used during the cold war, however, they have regained significance in recent years as a cheaper alternative to tracked platforms.

Summary list of wheeled self-propelled howitzers 

Note: a demonstrator intends to demonstrate the viability of a concept, the prototype is a step in the development of a future operational system.

List of wheeled self-propelled howitzers

References

Citations

Bibliography 
Attilio Del Rosso, Ubicumque et semper, su Storia Militare N° 187 (aprile 2009) pages 4–19.

Sources

 
 
 
 

wheeled self-propelled howitzers
wheeled self-propelled howitzers
Wheeled self-propelled howitzers
Wheeled self-propelled artillery
SEC experiment. The Scattering Experiments Chamber (SEC) experiment is a permanent experimental setup located in the ISOLDE facility at CERN. The station facilitates diversified reaction experiments, especially for studying low-lying resonances in light atomic nuclei via transfer reactions. SEC does not detect gamma radiation, and therefore is complementary to the ISOLDE Solenoidal Spectrometer (ISS) and Miniball experiments.

Experimental setup 
The SEC experiment uses radioactive ion beams from ISOLDE, at the end of XT03 beamline of the HIE-ISOLDE facility. The ion beam first passes through a collimator, of 15 mm aperture, surrounded by 4 silicon detectors, designed for beam optimisation. 

The SEC chamber has a diameter of 1 m and height of 50 cm, with the reaction target placed in the centre on a motorised target holder. The target holder has the space for four targets, and each target can be moved in place via remote control. The reaction target is surrounded by double-sided silicon strip detectors (DSSSD) which are positioned so that the angular coverage is optimised, depending on the experiment. DSSSDs allow for efficient detection of all emitted particles in the reaction. The main support for the detector is a circular movable table which has radially arranged holes at the centre.

GLORIA 
GLORIA (GLObal ReactIon Array) is a configuration used in SEC to measure fragments produced in reactions. It consists of six silicon telescopes, which surround a certain scattering angle of the reaction target (from 15° to 160°. GLORIA was designed to have a compact geometry with the ability to resolve mass and ion charge up to carbon isotopes, due to the two-stage DSSD telescopes.

SAND 
The SAND array is used at the scattering chamber SEC, for the detection of charged particles and neutrons. The array consists of 30 modules, each being a plastic scintillator with fast photomultiplier tubes. The array can be moved to bring it closer to the target.

External links 

 SEC page on ISOLDE website
 SEC website

References 

CERN experiments
UP Diliman Department of Chemical Engineering. The Department of Chemical Engineering (DChE) is an academic department operating under the College of Engineering of the University of the Philippines Diliman.

The department was established in 1956 and has an overall 90% passing rate in the licensure examinations held in the Philippines. It also contributes about 10% to 60% of the total number of new chemical engineers in the Philippines every year.

Course offerings 
The department offers undergraduate and graduate programs leading to the degree of chemical engineering:
 Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering (BS ChE) — five-year program leading to the understanding of transport processes, chemical engineering thermodynamics and their applications to unit operations design, thermodynamics and reaction kinetics.
 Master of Science in Chemical Engineering (MS ChE) — 24-unit coursework that includes core and elective courses related to chemical engineering and six units of master's thesis.
 Doctor of Philosophy in Chemical Engineering (PhD ChE)

Research laboratories 
The department consists of thirteen (13) research laboratories in different fields of chemical engineering and allied fields, and also hosts the Chemical Engineering Analytical Laboratory (CEAL), which offers analytical services to the university and industry. 

CEAL houses a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), a Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscope, a Universal Testing Machine (UTM); gas chromatographs (FID, TCD, MS), Ion Chromatographs, and high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC); the Department also has a Kjeldahl apparatus, a Karl Fischer apparatus, and an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). There is a real-time PCR, and digital gradient electrophoresis, shaking incubators and refrigerated incubators for biological studies.

The thirteen (13) research laboratories are the following:

 Advanced Materials and Organic Synthesis Laboratory
 Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory
 Catalysis Research Laboratory
 Chemical Engineering Intelligence Learning Laboratory
 Environmental Process Engineering Laboratory
 Fuels, Energy and Thermal Systems Laboratory
 Green Materials Laboratory
 Inorganic Synthesis Laboratory
 Laboratory of Electrochemical Engineering
 Molecular Modelling Laboratory
 Nanotechnology Research Laboratory
 Process Systems Engineering Laboratory
 Sustainable Production & Responsible Consumption Laboratory

References

External links 
 Official website
 Facebook page

UP Diliman College of Engineering
Chemical engineering organizations
Amarulla Octavian. Amarulla Octavian is an Indonesian vice admiral and defense scientist. Prior his appointment as Deputy Chairman of National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), he was a professor and rector of Indonesian Defense University[id].

Early life and education 
Octavian was graduated from Indonesian Naval Academy in 1988 and commissioned as Second Lieutenant at Sailor Corps. He later continued his study at Indonesian Naval Technology College and graduated as military naval engineer in 2001. He took further education to Indonesian Navy Command and General Staff College and graduated in 2003. He took master's degree in France: Geopolitics and Defense Industries from Paris-Panthéon-Assas University and Military Sciences from Collège interarmées de Défense[fr], both graduated in 2006 and later he took Ph.D. degree in sociology from University of Indonesia and graduated in 2013.

He was appointed as professor in Military Sociology on 3 June 2021.

Careers 
Octavian was commissioned as officers of several Indonesian naval ships until 1994. He later become commanders of various naval formations since 2003 to 2016.

During 2009 to 2012, he was adjutant of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono.

He became lecturer at Indonesian Defense University in 2014. He later appointed as Dean of Faculty of Defense Management of Indonesian Defense University in 2016. In 2018, he appointed as Commander of Indonesian Navy Command and General Staff College. In 2020, he appointed as rector of Indonesian Defense University.

In 2022, he was considered by Joko Widodo to be the next Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Navy replacing Admiral Yudo Margono, but later Joko Widodo chose Vice Admiral Muhammad Ali as the chief instead of him on 28 December 2022.

Appointment as Deputy Chairman of BRIN 
On 3 August 2023, Octavian appointed by Joko Widodo as deputy chairman of BRIN. In his appointment ceremony as deputy chairman, however, Joko Widodo represented by Megawati Soekarnoputri as Chairwoman of BRIN Steering Committee. Laksana Tri Handoko revealed that his appointment was because of the need to share power and responsibilities to manage BRIN human resources and monitoring of several critical research centers.

References 

1965 births
Living people
People from Surabaya
University of Indonesia alumni
São Paulo Metro K stock. The São Paulo Metro K stock is a class of refurbished electric multiple units from C stock, originally built by Companhia Brasileira de Material Ferroviário, with fleet number from K01 to K25, complemented by L stock, with fleet number from L26 to L47.

K stock had tests in other line, but never operated out of Line 3-Red.

History 
C stock was built from 1979 to 1986 by companies Mafersa and Cobrasma, in the factory of the last one, located in Sumaré, São Paulo.

Between 2011 and 2014, this rolling stock was refurbished by MTTrens consortium, composed by MPE Engenharia, Temoinsa and T'Trans, in Três Rios, becoming the K stock.

Currently, all of the trains operate on Line 3-Red, same line of the old C stock.

Characteristics 

The modernization of the São Paulo Metro trains brought many benefits, mostly regarding the energy consumption.

The fleet engines were changed, operating in alternating current and microprocessed control, against the old ones in direct current and Chopper system. In addition to facilitating their maintenance, it resulted in energy economy that, even with the addition of air-conditioning systems in the cars and driving cabins, the trains continued to consume the same amount of electricity, compared to the old fleet with conventional ventilation.

Besides that, the visual communication of the trains was updated, with the change of masks and painting, equipment added to better inform the passengers, such as electronic strip maps, LED panels and light bulbs over the doors alerting people with hearing loss about the closing doors, installation of new safety and supervision systems and updates to the signalling system.

Controversies 
In the beginning of its service, many reports were made claiming the existence of problems in the rolling stock, although they were denied by the metro company.

It is important to emphasize, however, that failures are common in recent delivered trains, which was the case with this stock during the moment it had more problems. Besides that, this fleet was the first that had its modernization concluded faster, being the first one to meet the deadline.

Finally, it was found that, during modernization, the stock bogies were not updated; later, the metro company replaced the old parts of all cars. Even so, the fleet is the second with the highest number of failures, with its MKBF index only being higher than the E stock, built in 1999.

See also 
 Line 3 (São Paulo Metro)
 São Paulo Metro

References

External links 
  
  

Multiple units of Brazil
750 V DC multiple units
São Paulo Metro
Julia Weinstein. Julia A. Weinstein is a British Russian chemist who is a professor of physical chemistry at the University of Sheffield. Her research considers light matter interactions, including the dynamics of photo-excited electron transfer in condensed matter. She was awarded the Royal Society of Chemistry Chemical Dynamics Award in 2017.

Early life and education 
Weinstein completed her undergraduate degree and doctoral research at the Moscow Lomonosov State University, where she specialised in chemistry. After completing her doctorate, she joined the faculty in Moscow. She moved to the University of Nottingham as a Royal Society Fellow in 2000.

Research and career 
In 2004, Weinstein joined the University of Sheffield as an Advanced Research Fellow and Lecturer. She was promoted to professor of physical chemistry in 2016. Her research considers photoinduced charge transfer processes in functional materials. Weinstein uses ultrafast laser pulses to study energy transfer processes across multiple time scales, from femtoseconds to milliseconds. In particular, she is interested in electron and energy transfer in condensed matter, and the role of vibronic coupling. She identified that infrared pulses can be used to control chemical processes.

Awards and honours 
 2003 Lomonosov Award in Science
 2004 John Van Geuns Lecture
 2017 RSC Chemical Dynamics Award

Selected publications

References 

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Moscow State University alumni
Academics of the University of Sheffield
Russian women chemists
20th-century Russian chemists
21st-century British chemists
21st-century women scientists
20th-century Russian women scientists
Russian emigrants to the United Kingdom
21st-century British women scientists