Cosmos CE2F series. CosMoS CE2F were a series of swimmer delivery vehicles (SDV) built by M/s Cos.Mo.S Spa. which was based in Livorno, Italy.

Design 

The craft weighs  out of water and is  long according to type. It resembles a torpedo but has two cockpits for the crew. Some models have a roof with sliding doors for the cockpits. In some models the rear cockpit is long and can seat two divers for a total crew of three. Its battery-electric motors gives it a submerged range of  at , the maximum speed being . For long distance it generally reaches the operating area either attached to or towed by another vessel. A belly-pan beneath its hull can carry special equipment, or  of heavy explosive charges, or  of limpet mines, or small 'micro-torpedoes' stated to be for use against divers or small underwater vehicles. They were made in various variants and supplied to various countries. Models were designated according to maximum operating depth in metres, for example - /X30 means 30 m.  X30, X60 and X100 versions were sold. The /X100T version was the most advanced type marketed showing the final evolution of the design. It has digital control module, displaying navigation and platform details, and a fully integrated autopilot.

Images (see the references below) of the roofed versions of these vehicles show no forward direct vision windows (but only side windows in the sliding doors), and pilot vision was by a screen in the cockpit from a television camera, likeliest in the front of the vehicle's hemispherical bow; this presumably would prevent carriage of a warhead or other load by attaching it to the front of the bow as was done on World War II human torpedoes.

Timeline
 1950s: The ex-Decima Flottiglia MAS member Ing. Pucciarini set up Cos.Mo.S Spa ('Cosmos'), which started to build wet subs for civilian and military use. The history of Cosmos was secretive and not well known.
 1950/51: Cosmos started making a type of small "chariot"-type wetsub called Ippocampo (Italian for "seahorse") for tourist and sports use. Some had a petrol engine with a long intake air hose to a float; some had a battery-electric engine.
 Mid-1980s: Pucciarini sought retirement. The firm was eventually sold to Carlos Cardoen.
 Late 1980s: Cosmos had been negotiating a sale of wetsubs to Iraq, but Middle East politics interfered.
 April 1981: Woojungsa, a Korean scuba gear firm, was set up.
 1993: Woojungsa set up Samcheok Yard.
 1996: Woojungsa developed a Korean standard military drysuit.
 Woojungsa started making rigid inflatable boats, by technology transfer from Delta Power Services in UK.
 1997: The IMF crisis broke out, and Korea found it easier to make its own boats than to import them; Woojungsa benefitted from this.
 Coastguards needed a better patrol boat for rough weather. This need was fulfilled by the first Korean self-righting patrol boat, which Woojungsa designed and made.
 1999: Woosungja set up its Research and Development lab is established. The company name was changed to VOGO. It means "treasure house" in Korean, and it is similar to the name of the powerful maritime figure Jang Bogo from the Shilla period.
 2000: VOGO started making aluminium ships.
 Early 2000s: The Italian Government closed Cosmos down, stated to be because of undesirable political involvements. Cosmos had transferred technology to WooJungSa (now Vogo Engineering). Good quality of Cosmos's products led to new small/wet-sub manufacturers to start making them, including in South Korea, UAE, Sweden and Indonesia.
 2005: The latest (as at end of 2015) modern form of the CE2F submersible was developed.
 2013: Woosungja developed a submersible that can operate on surface and underwater.

Specification
 Length - 
 Weight : 2.1 tonnes
 Maximum depth : 
 Range:  at 
 Speed :  (underwater)
 Crew: 2

List of customers
 Taiwan - CE2F/X30
 Greece - CE2F/X60
 Colombia - CE2F/X30 later upgraded to X60
 India - CE2F/X100
 Pakistan - CE2F/X??
 Argentina - CE2F/X60
 Egypt - CE2F
 South Korea - CE2F/X60
 Philippines - 3 x CE2F/X60 ordered in the 1960s for then Underwater Operations Unit. 1 preserved for display at Armed Forces of the Philippines Museum

See also

References

External links
 CE2F-X100 (about 8 meters long)
 Vogo Engineering
 Cutaway drawing of a CE2F showing internal parts

Frogman operations
Italian inventions
Submarines of Italy
Midget submarines
Wet subs
Cos.Mo.S