omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
R. Gallagher Generating Station. The R. Gallagher Generating Station was a four-unit coal-burning power plant located along the Ohio River some two miles (3 km) downstream from New Albany, Indiana in southernmost Floyd County, Indiana. The total aggregate capacity (year-around) of the plant's four identical units was 560MW. Unit 2 began operating in 1958; unit 1 in 1959; unit 3 in 1960 and unit 4 in 1961. In early 2012, both Units 1 and 3 were retired.  Units 2 and 4 continued to operate because Duke Energy installed baghouses, greatly reducing the pollution and meeting the current standards set by the EPA. The plant's 2012 output was 280 megawatts (each unit is rated at 140 megawatts). The plant is connected to the grid by 138 and 230 kilovolt transmission lines.

Environmental impact

Sulphur dioxide emissions
As of 2006, R. Gallagher was the dirtiest major power station in the US in terms of sulphur dioxide gas emission rate: it discharged  of SO2 for each MWh of electric power produced that year (50,819 tons of SO2 per year in total).

Shutdown and Plant Closure
Duke Energy shutdown the plant on June 1, 2021, earlier than the previously scheduled retirement in 2022.  After shutdown Duke Energy will continue the process of closing coal ash basins on site, which could take several years. The Gallagher plant is expected to be dismantled at some point in the future.

Planned Implosion and Demolition

On October 20, 2024 the boiler house of the R. Gallagher Generating Station was imploded  after being shut down since June 1, 2021, with the twin smoke stacks scheduled to be demolished by 2025.

See also

 List of power stations in Indiana
 Global warming

References

External links
Profile
View of the plant from the Ohio River
[https://www.wlky.com/article/lousiville-new-albany-implosion-sound-duke-energy-building/62657555 Planned implosion and demolition

Energy infrastructure completed in 1958
Energy infrastructure completed in 1959
Energy infrastructure completed in 1960
Energy infrastructure completed in 1961
Buildings and structures in New Albany, Indiana
Coal-fired power stations in Indiana
Duke Energy
Plumbide. Plumbide is an anion of lead atoms. There are three plumbide anions, written as Pb−, Pb2− and Pb4− with 3 oxidation states, -1, -2 and -4, respectively.
A plumbide can refer to one of two things: an intermetallic compound that contains lead, or a Zintl phase compound with lead as the anion.

Zintl phase

Plumbides can be formed when lead forms a Zintl phase compound with a more metallic element. One salt that can be formed this way is when cryptand reacts with sodium and lead in ethylenediamine (en) to produce [Pb5]2−, which is red in solution.
Lead can also create anions with tin, in a series of anions with the formula [Sn9−xPbx]4−.

Lead can also form the [Pb9]4− anion, which is emerald green in solution.

Examples
An example of a plumbide is CeRhPb. The lead atom has a coordination number of 12 in the crystal structure of this compound. It is bound to four rhodiums, six ceriums, and two other lead atoms in the crystal structure of the chemical.

Several other plumbides are the M2Pd2Pb plumbides, where M is a rare-earth element, and the intermetallic additionally contains a palladium. These plumbides tend to exhibit antiferromagnetism, and all of them are conductors.

A third plumbide is Ti6Pb4.8. Like the above plumbides, it is an intermetallic, but it only contains titanium as the other metal, and not any rare earths.

Plumbides can also be Zintl phase compounds, such as [K(18-crown-6)]2K2Pb9·(en)1.5. This is not a simple Zintl compound, but rather contains the organic molecules 18-crown-6 and  ethylenediamine (en) in order to stabilize the crystal structure.

References

Lead compounds
Intermetallics
Anions
Cluster chemistry
GroupLogic. GroupLogic, Inc., founded in 1988 and headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, U.S., is an enterprise software company that develops, sells and supports software for moving and storing data including activEcho, mobilEcho, ArchiveConnect, MassTransit and ExtremeZ-IP. GroupLogic's products are used by information technology organizations to allow employees to access and manage corporate files regardless of the type of computing platform the employee is using to access the network.

On September 13, 2012, GroupLogic announced that it became a subsidiary of Acronis, a software company specializing in backup and disaster recovery products and services.

References

Sources

Slate Group Logic: What can a tiny software firm show us about the future of American exports 16-Nov-2010
Mac Observer Interviews Group Logic CEO
BusinessWeek Private Company Information: Group Logic, Inc.
 Key Issues for Managed File Transfer, 2009 19 February 2009 | ID:G00165299
Moving Beyond MFT to File Services 29 May 2009 | ID:G00168386
Data Encryption Not Enough to Prevent FTP Credential Theft 6 July 2009 | ID:G00169584
Hype Cycle for Data and Application Security, 2009 17 July 2009 | ID:G00168605

External links
Company website

Software companies based in Virginia
File sharing
Mobile software
IOS software
Windows Internet software
Network file systems
Data synchronization
Email attachment replacements
Defunct software companies of the United States
Gehl Company. Gehl Company is an American manufacturer of compact equipment headquartered in West Bend, Wisconsin. The main campus in West Bend, built on , includes not only the headquarters but also the research and development facilities for the entire enterprise.

Product lines
The Gehl product lines, including skid steer loaders, track loaders, articulated loaders, asphalt pavers, compact excavators, and telescopic handlers, are used worldwide in construction and agricultural markets. Gehl was North America's largest manufacturer of agricultural machinery other than tractors, until exiting the agriculture business in 2006.  The Gehl Company owns the rights to manufacture Mustang skid steer loaders, and previously distributed Takeuchi Compact Track Loaders under the names Gehl and Mustang.

History
Gehl was founded by Louis Lucas in 1859.

Gehl was acquired in September 2008 for US$30 a share by the French equipment maker Manitou Group. This allowed the company to expand its telehandler market into the US and enter several new equipment markets. The company was delisted from NASDAQ under its ticker symbol GEHL.

In 2007, Gehl and the Milwaukee Brewers announced a naming rights deal for a group party club area in Miller Park.

References

External links

 Official web site

Construction equipment manufacturers of the United States
Companies based in Wisconsin
Manufacturing companies based in Wisconsin
Washington County, Wisconsin
Agricultural machinery manufacturers of the United States
Forklift truck manufacturers
Mohammed Tayea. Mohammed Ali Tayea (1945-2000) was one of the political leaders in Egypt during the Sadat and Mubarak era. He died on 1 May 2000.

Introduction
Mohammed Tayea was born on 20 July 1945 in Alexandria at his mother's residence. He lived in Sohag at Girga city during his childhood. He gained a bachelor's degree in civil engineering at Assiut University in 1971.

After graduating, he worked at the Red Sea construction company until 1974 on the board of directors in Suez alongside his work as an engineering contractor.

In 1977 he married Ms. Fawzia Abo Zeid AbduLatif after graduating with a degree in philosophy at Ain Shams University.

They had 3 children (Shehab, Shady and Shahinaz). Shehab graduated in naval engineering at the Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Shady in commerce at the Modern Academy and Shahinaz with honours in engineering at the Modern Academy.

Family
Mohammed Tayea hailed from an Upper Egyptian family through his father (Ali Mohammed Tayea) Sohag who raised his Mohammed Tayea with traditional values.

He had two brothers and three sisters (Hassan Ali Tayea, an engineer at Girga City Council in Sohag; Gamal Abdel Nasser Ali Tayea, a businessman in England since 1985 and owner of an  import-export company).

Involvement in projects
 Suez Hospital
 Minia Hospital
 Ismailia University Hospital
 Medical Center in Bor Tawfik
 Badr Mosque in Suez
 Fayed Mosque in Ismailia
 Fertilizer factory in Suez and Talkha
 Some projects with the Nasr Petroleum Company
 Suez company for petrol processing.
 Educational buildings for the authorities
 Low-cost, mid-range and luxury housing

Major projects include:
 Giant power and water stations in South Sinai and East Kantara
 Automatic mill in Ismailia
 Sand brick factory in Quesna

Conference participation
 Management of Major Projects Conference (Cairo, 1980)
 International Housing Conference (Sarajevo, Yugoslavia, 1986)
 The Development of Construction Equipment Conference (London, England, 1987)
 Management of Companies Conference (Alexandria, 1991)

Appointments
 Member of Wafd Party in Suez
 Member of the Egyptian Parliament for the Suez area - New Wafd party 1984 
 Member of the Housing Commission in Parliament
 Member of Engineers Union
 Member of Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International
 Member of Contractors Federation and Commission on Classification
 Member of Egyptian Civil Engineers Society
 Member of Egyptian Business Administration Society
 Member of Collaborative Society Education in Schools

He also was involved in many charities such as the Qurran Charity in Suez which he headed.

1945 births
2000 deaths
20th-century Egyptian engineers
Assiut University alumni
Ain Shams University alumni
Muslim reformers
Wafd Party politicians
New Wafd Party politicians
Members of the House of Representatives (Egypt)
Kansas City Southern Railroad Bridge, Cross Bayou. The Kansas City Southern Railroad Bridge (Cross Bayou), in downtown Shreveport, Louisiana, is an "A" Truss bridge erected in its current location in 1926 and abandoned in the 1980s.  Due to its national significance to the progress of American bridge design, and its rarity as one of only two known surviving examples, the structure was designated a National Historic Place in 1995.

History 
The "A" frame truss design of the central span is based on an 1894 patent by John Alexander Low Waddell, which was replicated multiple times throughout the Kansas City, Pittsburg and Gulf and St. Louis Southwestern railroads.  It also became the standard design for 65 to 116 ft (19.8 to 35.4 m) crossings along the Nippon Railway in Japan.

According to the Louisiana Division of Historic Preservation, the structure is the oldest known bridge in Louisiana and was originally erected in the mid-to-late 1890s at an unknown location over the Arkansas River in Oklahoma.  In 1926, it was moved to its current location spanning Cross Bayou (Twelve Mile Bayou) in downtown Shreveport, about  east of the neighboring Spring Street crossing.  After relocation, the crossing carried the Kansas City Southern Railway.  While the line was reportedly abandoned in the late 1980s, the original single track remains in place.  Connections to the Union Pacific's existing trackage at Spring Street have been removed.  In the early 1990s, the railroad donated the bridge to the City of Shreveport, and it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.

In 2017, the Shreveport Downtown Development Authority initiated a survey of the bridge, citing potential future redevelopment of the site as a greenway due to its proximity to Clyde Fant Parkway along the Red River.

The other remaining Waddell "A" Truss Bridge, also listed on the National Register, was built in Missouri in 1898.

See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Caddo Parish, Louisiana
List of bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Louisiana

References

External links 

 National Park Service NRHP Listing - Kansas City Southern Railroad Bridge, Cross Bayou
 Abandoned Rails of Shreveport - Photo Tour

Railroad bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in Louisiana
1890s architecture in the United States
Former railway bridges in the United States
Buildings and structures in Shreveport, Louisiana
Kansas City Southern Railway bridges
Relocated buildings and structures in Louisiana
National Register of Historic Places in Caddo Parish, Louisiana
Bridges completed in 1890
1890 establishments in Louisiana
Parikh–Doering oxidation. The Parikh–Doering oxidation is an oxidation reaction that transforms primary and secondary alcohols into aldehydes and ketones, respectively. The procedure uses dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the oxidant and the solvent, activated by the sulfur trioxide pyridine complex (SO3•C5H5N) in the presence of triethylamine or diisopropylethylamine as base.  Dichloromethane is frequently used as a cosolvent for the reaction.

Compared to other activated DMSO oxidations, the Parikh–Doering oxidation is operationally simple: the reaction can be run at non-cryogenic temperatures, often between 0 °C and room temperature, without formation of significant amounts of methyl thiomethylether side products. However, the Parikh–Doering oxidation sometimes requires a large excess of DMSO, SO3•C5H5N and/or base as well as prolonged reaction times for high conversions and yields to be obtained.  The following example from the total synthesis of (–)-kumausallene by P.A. Evans and coworkers illustrates typical reaction conditions:

Mechanism
The first step of the Parikh–Doering oxidation is the reaction of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which exists as a hybrid of the resonance structures 1a and 1b, with sulfur trioxide (2), giving intermediate 3. Nucleophilic attack by alcohol 4 and deprotonation by pyridine (5) gives intermediate 6, an alkoxysulfonium ion associated with the anionic pyridinium sulfate complex.

The addition of at least two equivalents of base deprotonates the alkoxysulfonium ion to give sulfur ylide 7 and removes the pyridinium sulfate counterion. In the last step, the ylide goes through a five-membered ring transition state to give the desired ketone or aldehyde 8, as well as an equivalent of dimethyl sulfide.

Application
Parikh–Doering oxidation is widely applied in organic synthesis. Here is an example of the Parikh–Doering oxidation's application in the Nicolaou cortistatin total synthesis, where the reaction transforms the hydroxyl functional group into an aldehyde. This process leads to Ohira-Bestmann homologation, which is critical in the following 1,4 addition/aldol condensation/dehydration cascade that forms cortistatins' seven-membered ring. The synthetic route is shown below:

See also
 Swern oxidation
 Pfitzner–Moffatt oxidation
 Corey–Kim oxidation

References

Organic oxidation reactions
Name reactions
Brush Transformers. Brush Transformers is a company based in Loughborough, Leicestershire. They are a manufacturer of power transformers with a history stretching back over 120 years.

History

Charles Francis Brush gained respect for his pioneering work in electrical generation, lighting and motors as well as transformers. In 1888, the London based Anglo-American Brush Electric Light Corporation acquired the Falcon Engine and Car Works, with their established skills of electrical engineering and transport engineering, moved 100 miles north into the newly acquired Falcon Works at Loughborough, where, as of 2018, Brush Transformers Ltd still operates. By 1957 the Brush Group was acquired by Hawker Siddeley and new investments were made. Eventually, the various divisions of Brush Electrical Engineering Company Limited became independent of one another based on their distinctive and individual product ranges, and Brush Transformers Limited came to fruition in 1971. The Hawker Siddeley Group was acquired by BTR plc in November 1991, and in November 1996 its Electric Power Group was sold to FKI, who formed a dedicated Transformers Division. On 1 July 2008, Melrose plc completed the acquisition with FKI, Melrose being a specialist investor in the manufacturing industry, is now registered on the London Stock Exchange.

See also
Brush Electrical Machines
Brush Traction

References

External links
Brush Transformers
Brush Turbogenerators
Brush Transformers - Company History

Companies based in Loughborough
Engineering companies of the United Kingdom
Electrical engineering companies of the United Kingdom
Manufacturing companies of the United Kingdom
Time-driven switching. In telecommunication and computer networking, time-driven switching (TDS) is a node by node time variant implementation of circuit switching, where the propagating datagram is shorter in space than the distance between source and destination. With TDS it is no longer necessary to own a complete circuit between source and destination, but only the fraction of circuit where the propagating datagram is temporarily located.
TDS adds flexibility and capacity to circuit-switched networks but requires precise synchronization among nodes and propagating datagrams. 

Datagrams are formatted according to schedules that depend on quality of service and availability of switching nodes and physical links. In respect to circuit switching, the added time dimension introduces additional complexity to network management. Like circuit switching, TDS operates without buffers and header processing according to the pipeline forwarding principle; therefore an all optical implementation with optical fibers and optical switches is possible with low cost. The TDS concept itself pervades and is applicable with advantage to existing data switching technologies, including packet switching, where packets, or sets of packets become the datagrams that are routed through the network.

TDS has been invented in 2002 by Prof. Mario Baldi and Prof. Yoram Ofek of Synchrodyne Networks that is the assignee of several patents issued by both the United States Patent and Trademark Office and the European Patent Office.

References 

 M. Baldi, Y. Ofek, "Fractional Lambda Switching," IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC2002), Optical Networking Symposium, New York, NY, USA, Apr. 2002, pp. 2692-2696.
 M. Baldi, Y. Ofek, "Fractional Lambda Switching - Principles of Operation and Performance Issues," SIMULATION: Transactions of The Society for Modeling and Simulation International, Vol. 80, No. 10, Oct. 2004, pp. 527-544
 WebLink.

See also
 Data transmission
 Digital communications
 Communication network
 Network architecture

Computer networking
Telecommunications engineering
Joint Strike Fighter (disambiguation). Joint Strike Fighter may refer to one of the following:

 F-35 Lightning II, a fighter aircraft under development by Lockheed Martin for the militaries of the US and several other nations
 Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II procurement
 Joint Strike Fighter program, the U.S. Department of Defense contract competition that resulted in the F-35's selection
 Joint Strike Fighter (video game), a computer game portraying aircraft from the competition
Resource leak. In computer science, a resource leak is a particular type of resource consumption by a computer program where the program does not release resources it has acquired.  This condition is normally the result of a bug in a program. Typical resource leaks include memory leak and handle leak, particularly file handle leaks, though memory is often considered separately from other resources.

Examples of resources available in limited numbers to the operating system include internet sockets, file handles, process table entries, and process identifiers (PIDs). Resource leaks are often a minor problem, causing at most minor slowdown and being recovered from after processes terminate. In other cases resource leaks can be a major problem, causing resource starvation and severe system slowdown or instability, crashing the leaking process, other processes, or even the system. Resource leaks often go unnoticed under light load and short runtimes, and these problems only manifest themselves under heavy system load or systems that remain running for long periods of time.

Resource leaks are particularly a problem for resources available in very low quantities. Leaking a unique resource, such as a lock, is particularly serious, as this causes immediate resource starvation (it prevents other processes from acquiring it) and causes deadlock. Intentionally leaking resources can be used in a denial-of-service attack, such as a fork bomb, and thus resource leaks present a security bug.

Causes
Resource leaks are generally due to programming errors: resources that have been acquired must be released, but since release often happens substantially after acquisition, and many things may occur in the meantime (e.g., an exception being thrown or abnormal program termination) it is easy for release to be missed.

A very common example is failing to close files that have been opened, which leaks a file handle; this also occurs with pipes. Another common example is a parent process failing to call wait on a child process, which leaves the completed child process as a zombie process, leaking a process table entry.

Prevention and mitigation
Resource leaks can be prevented or fixed by resource management: programming techniques or language constructs may prevent leaks by releasing resources promptly, while a separate process may reclaim resources that have been leaked. Many resource leaks are fixed by resource reclamation by the operating system after the process terminates and makes an exit system call.

Resource leaks are thus primarily a problem for long-lived processes, as leaked resources held by still-running processes are often not reclaimed; and for processes that rapidly acquire and leak many resources.

See also
 Resource starvation
 Software aging

References

Computational resources
Savoia-Pomilio SP.3. The Savoia-Pomilio SP.3 was a reconnaissance and bomber aircraft built in Italy during the First World War.

Development
The SP.3 was a further development of the family of designs that had started with the SP.1. Ultimately all of these took their basic configuration from the Farman MF.11: a biplane with twin tails and a fuselage nacelle that accommodated the crew and a pusher-mounted engine. However, since the preceding SP.2 had been found to be too slow and vulnerable in front-line service, the SP.3 was designed for higher performance. The new design had a reduced wingspan, lower weight, and the aerodynamics of the fuselage nacelle were improved. Some were also equipped with an improved version of the Fiat A.12 engine, with its power output increased from 190 kW to 220 kW (250 hp to 300 hp)

The SP.3 flew in 1917 and was soon in production with SIA and Pomilio, who together built around 350 of them. By summer 1917, one quarter of all Italian front-line aviation units were equipped with Savoia-Pomilio types.

Operators

Corpo Aeronautico Militare

Specifications

Notes

References

 
 
 

Savoia-Pomilio aircraft
1910s Italian military reconnaissance aircraft
1910s Italian bomber aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1917
Savoia-Pomilio SP.4. 

The Savoia-Pomilio SP.4 was a reconnaissance and bomber aircraft built in Italy during the First World War. It was a further development of the family of designs that had started with the SP.1. Ultimately all of these took their basic configuration from the Farman MF.11: a biplane with twin tails and a fuselage nacelle that accommodated the crew and a pusher-mounted engine. However, the SP.4 differed both from its Farman antecedent and the previous Savoia-Pomilio designs by featuring twin engines mounted in the interplane gap in place of the single engine in the nacelle. Removing the engine from this position allowed a second machine gun to be placed there instead.

Apart from their intended role as a reconnaissance aircraft and bomber, some SP.4s were used to insert spies and saboteurs behind enemy lines. A further development designated SP.5 remained unbuilt by the end of the war.

Operators

Corpo Aeronautico Militare

Specifications

Notes

References
 
 
 

Savoia-Pomilio aircraft
1910s Italian military reconnaissance aircraft
1910s Italian bomber aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1917