omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
MOF Model to Text Transformation Language. MOF Model to Text Transformation Language (Mof2Text or MOFM2T) is an Object Management Group (OMG) specification for a model transformation language. Specifically, it can be used to express transformations which transform a model into text (M2T), for example a platform-specific model into source code or documentation. MOFM2T is one part of OMG's Model-driven architecture (MDA) and reuses many concepts of MOF, OMG's metamodeling architecture. Whereas MOFM2T is used for expressing M2T transformations, OMG's QVT is used for expressing M2M transformations.

See also 
 Model-driven engineering (MDE)
 Model Driven Architecture (MDA): OMG's vision of MDE
 Acceleo, an implementation of the MOFM2T standard.

External links 
 Object Management Group (OMG) website
 Object Management Group, MOF Model to Text Transformation Language (MOFM2T), 1.0 - Specification

Systems engineering
War Aircraft Replicas International. War Aircraft Replicas International, Inc. is an American aircraft manufacturer, originally located in Brandon, Florida and now Tulsa, Oklahoma, that specializes in kit built replica aircraft of World War II fighters.

The company was founded in California by Warren Erberspacher, Jim Kern, and Ken Thoms after collaborating on the Johnathan Livingston Seagull biplane racer of 1973. The founders were inspired by the scale fighter designs of Marcel Jurca of France, as well as the KR-1 wood and fiberglass construction.

History

Development of the company's first design, the W.A.R. Focke-Wulf 190, commenced in 1973, with the first flight following in 1974. The aircraft are all half-scale World War II fighter aircraft replicas, based on a common design, consisting of a wooden fuselage box shape and wooden spar wing. Polyurethane foam was then used to create the different aircraft shapes and details. The foam was then covered in a high-strength laminating fabric and epoxy-resin. The series all share a common conventional landing gear design that is electrically retractable. The aircraft were initially powered by 1600 cc Volkswagen air cooled engines of  using Lloyd Paynter’s gear reduction units driving 3-blade Fahlin props, but later Continental O-200 and Lycoming O-235s were used along with the Rotec R2800 radial engine.

The company announced plans for a multitude of replicas that shared the basic layout. The geared Volkswagen engine width required aircraft with larger cowlings to accommodate the size of the engine and radial engine designs were selected for this reason. Molded foam blocks were offered for the following aircraft, however, not all remained in later production. The Corsair and Stuka designs required more complex bent-wing spars.

In 2014 the company was purchased and moved from Brandon Florida to Tulsa, Oklahoma.

Aircraft 
W.A.R. FW-190
W.A.R. F4U Corsair
W.A.R. P-47 Thunderbolt
W.A.R. Hawker Sea Fury
W.A.R. P-51 Mustang
W.A.R. P40E
W.A.R. Japanese Zero
W.A.R. P-38 Lightning
W.A.R. BF-109
W.A.R. TA-152H, "long nose Focke Wulf"
W.A.R. Macchi C.200 Saetta
W.A.R. Grumman F8F Bearcat
W.A.R. Hawker Tempest II
W.A.R. Hawk 75A-3
W.A.R. Fokker D.XXI
W.A.R. F6F-3 Hellcat
W.A.R. Lavochkin La. 5FN
W.A.R. Junkers Ju. 87B-2 Stuka, "Inline Czech Walter Minor engine specified".

Notes

References

External links

Aircraft manufacturers of the United States
Replica aircraft manufacturers
Pender Chair. The Pender Chair is the post that is generally held by the head of the Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering of University College London.

John Pender (pictured in the caricature on the right), the founder of Cable and Wireless, died in 1896. The Pender Memorial Committee was formed, and collected £6,277 in his memorial. Of this, they decided to donate £5,000 to the Department of Electrical Technology of University College, to enable an expansion of its facilities. This included the founding of the Pender Laboratory, and the inauguration of the Pender Chair.

The Department of Electrical Technology had already been formed some years earlier, in 1885, with John Ambrose Fleming (pictured below) as its head.
He, therefore, became the first incumbent of the Pender Chair of Electrical Engineering.

The following references can be found, in the Council Minutes:
 2 November 1895: Letter received from the Technical Education Board offering a grant of £1500 for the improvement of Engineering Teaching.
 25 November 1895: Proposal to endow a Chair of Electrical Engineering as part of a memorial to the late Sir John Pender.
 5 December 1896: Receipt of a Memorandum from the Pender Memorial Committee offering to put the sum of £5,000 in trust with UCL to fund a new Electrical Engineering Laboratory, to be named the Pender Laboratory, and to rename the existing chair of Electrical Engineering the Pender Chair of Electrical Engineering.
 9 January 1897: Mr Swan nominated to represent the Council on the Pender Memorial Committee.

Pender Professors of Electrical Engineering at UCL 

 1899-1925: John Ambrose Fleming
 1926-1934: Wellesley Curram Clinton
 1935–1945: Reginald Otto Kapp
 1945-1950: G.T.R. Hill
 1950-1966: Harold Barlow
 1966-1979: Alexander Lamb Cullen
 1979-1986: Eric Ash
 1986-1987: David (DEN) Davies
 1987-1991: vacant
 1991-2002: John Edwin Midwinter
 2002-2009: vacant
 2009- now: Michael Pepper

References

External links 
 Web page for the history of the Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, at University College London
 Biography of R.O. Kapp

Engineering education in the United Kingdom
Professorships in engineering
Professorships at University College London
W.A.R. F4U Corsair. The W.A.R. F4U Corsair is a 50% scale homebuilt replica of the Chance-Vought F4U Corsair Second World War carrier fighter.

Design and development
The aircraft is a single place, single engine gull-wing design with retractable conventional landing gear. The F4U was the second completed aircraft in the W.A.R. series, with the first example displayed at the EAA airshow in 1975. The aircraft featured folding wings.

Operational history
A WAR F4U built by Fred Bauer Jr. was featured as the cover plane on the January 1980 Popular Mechanics. The plane was built from plans that cost $145.

Variants
Some versions were built using  Lycoming O-235 and  HCI radial engines. One example was built using a Rotec R2800 radial engine.

Specifications (W.A.R. F4U Corsair)

Notes

References

Taylor, John W. R. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1988–89. Coulsdon, UK:Jane's Defence Data, 1988. .

External links

 War Aircraft Replicas International Inc 
 W.A.R. Aircraft Replicas International

Homebuilt aircraft
F4U
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Inverted gull-wing aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
1970s United States sport aircraft
Replica aircraft
Aircraft with retractable conventional landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
W.A.R. Japanese Zero. The W.A.R. Zero is a half-scale homebuilt replica of a Mitsubishi A6M2 fighter.

Specifications (W.A.R. Zero)

Notes

References

Kitplanes. Aug 2001
Recreational Flyer. Nov 1988.
Recreational Flyer. Fall 1987.
Popular Mechanics. Jan 1981.
Popular Flying. Nov 1981.
Homebuilt Aircraft. Nov 1980.
Popular Mechanics. Jan 1980.

External links
 War Aircraft Replicas International Inc 
 W.A.R. Aircraft Replicas International

Homebuilt aircraft
Zero
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
1980s United States sport aircraft
Replica aircraft
W.A.R. Hawker Sea Fury. The W.A.R. Hawker Sea Fury is a half-scale homebuilt replica of a Hawker Sea Fury carrier fighter produced by War Aircraft Replicas International for amateur construction.

The first example was built in England, and flew in 1986.

Specifications (W.A.R. Hawker Sea Fury)

Notes

References

W.A.R. Sea Fury

External links

 War Aircraft Replicas International Inc 
 W.A.R. Aircraft Replicas International

Homebuilt aircraft
Hawker
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
1980s United States sport aircraft
Replica aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1986
W.A.R. P40E. The W.A.R. P40E is a near-scale homebuilt replica of a Curtis P-40 Warhawk fighter.

Variants
Some versions were built using  Lycoming O-235 and  HCI radial engines.

Specifications (W.A.R. P40E)

Notes

References

WAR P40E 1/2Scale Replica Curtiss Kitty Hawk

External links

 War Aircraft Replicas International Inc 
 W.A.R. Aircraft Replicas International

Homebuilt aircraft
P-40
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
1970s United States sport aircraft
Replica aircraft
W.A.R. P-47 Thunderbolt. The W.A.R. P-47 Thunderbolt is a half-scale homebuilt replica of a P-47 Thunderbolt fighter, produced as a kit by War Aircraft Replicas International, Inc. for amateur construction.

Design
All WAR replicas share a common wooden primary structure. A secondary foam and fiberglass structure shape the aircraft to roughly match the aircraft it is replicating. The P-47 uses uni-directional fiberglass layup on the fuselage, and bi-directional layup on the elliptical wings. A bisected mockup was first presented at the EAA airshow in 1976.

Specifications (W.A.R. P-47 Thunderbolt)

Notes

References

WAR P-47 Thunderbolt

External links
 War Aircraft Replicas International Inc 
 W.A.R. Aircraft Replicas International

Homebuilt aircraft
P-47
Single-engined tractor aircraft
1970s United States sport aircraft
Replica aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
W.A.R. BF-109. The W.A.R. BF-109 is a near-scale homebuilt replica of a Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighter.

Variants
Some versions were built using  Lycoming O-235 and  HCI radial engines.

Specifications (W.A.R. BF-109)

See also 
 Peak Aerospace Me 109R
 Roland Me 109 Replica

Notes

References

WAR German BF-109

External links
 War Aircraft Replicas International Inc 
 W.A.R. Aircraft Replicas International

Homebuilt aircraft
BF-109
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
1980s United States sport aircraft
Replica aircraft
W.A.R. FW-190. The W.A.R. FW-190 is a half-scale homebuilt replica of a Focke-Wulf Fw 190 fighter. In July 1973, War Aircraft Replicas International of Santa Paula, California began design of an approximately half-scale replica of the Fw 190, the first of a series of replicas of World War II aircraft using similar constructional techniques. The first prototype made its maiden flight on 21 August 1974.

Design and development
The aircraft structure is based on a wooden framework for the fuselage and wings, using polyurethane foam to build up the fuselage shape and wing aerofoil profile, with a fabric/epoxy covering. The aircraft is fitted with an electrically retractable tailwheel undercarriage to match the configuration of the original aircraft. The initial powerplant specified was a 1600 cc Volkswagen air-cooled engine of , driving a three-bladed fixed pitch propeller. Small Continental Motors, Inc. and Lycoming Engines of  have commonly been used.

The prototype aircraft was displayed at the Experimental Aircraft Association convention in 1974. Realistic details such as simulated fabric surfaces, and detailed smoke trails were noted, the aircraft drew a large amount of attention at the show.

At least 197 sets of plans had been sold by 1982, and plans remain on sale from War Aircraft Replicas, now based in Florida.

Variants
Some versions were built using  Lycoming O-235 and  HCI radial engines.

Specifications (W.A.R. FW-190)

Notes

References

Taylor, John W. R. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1982–83. London:Jane's Yearbooks, 1982. .
Taylor, John W. R. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1988–89. Coulsdon, UK:Jane's Defence Data, 1988. .

WAR German FW 190

External links

 War Aircraft Replicas International Inc 

Homebuilt aircraft
FW-190
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
1970s United States sport aircraft
Focke-Wulf Fw 190
Replica aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1974
Michel Ange Lancret. Michel Ange Lancret (December 15, 1774 – December 17, 1807), was an engineer with the French Corps of Bridges and Roads.

He was a student of the École Polytechnique in 1794, became an Engineer of Bridges and Roads in 1797, and was a savant who accompanied Napoleon's 1798 campaign in Egypt as a member of the Commission des Sciences et des Arts, a corps of 167 technical experts.

He began describing various monuments on the banks of the Nile and remnants of ancient civilization of the pharaohs. He also wrote the initial report about the Rosetta Stone that was published on behalf of Napoleon's newly founded scientific association in Cairo, the Institut d'Égypte. In the report he noted that it contained three inscriptions, the first in hieroglyphs and the third in Greek, and rightly suggesting that the stone offered three versions of the same text. Lancret's report, dated 19 July 1799, was read to a meeting of the Institut soon after 25 July.

On his return to France he was appointed in April 1802 the Commissioner for what would be the Description de l'Égypte, and directed the publication from 1805.

References

French military engineers
1774 births
1807 deaths
Commission des Sciences et des Arts members
Velocity, Inc.. Velocity, Inc. is an American kit aircraft manufacturer.

The company was founded in 1984 by Danny Maher, marketing a four-seat homebuilt aircraft based on the Long-EZ design. The first prototype flew in 1985. The company was sold to Scott and Duane Swing in 1992. In 1995, the cockpit design was changed, adding a gull wing door design.

In 2008, a power failure and crash of a Velocity undergoing initial testing at North Las Vegas Airport brought national attention to homebuilt aircraft testing. Banning of particular aircraft and flight operations at the airport afterward resulted in a power struggle over who has authority over airspace and access to public use airports.

In 2008, Velocity received an order for 20 of its XL-5 aircraft to participate in the Rocket Racing League.

On April 14, 2008, the Racing Rocket Racing Composite Corporation, a subsidiary of the Rocket Racing League, acquired Velocity Aircraft. The RRL announced their goal was to "produce an airframe that will be consistent for all competing Rocket Racers."

On May 26, 2010,  Scott and Duane Swing bought back full ownership of Velocity Inc from the Rocket Racing League.

Aircraft

History 
Danny Maher designed and built the first Velocity in 1985. First Flight was in October 1985. The plane was debuted at Sun-N-Fun in 1986. Danny's intention was to design a plane that was much like the Long-EZ with a larger, more comfortable interior.

In 1992, Velocity introduced the "173", also known as the long wing. This model had a longer wing, giving it a lower landing speed. The name was a play on the name of a popular model of Cessna, the Cessna 172, the idea being it is one better. Some flying Velocity planes experienced "deep stall" incidents, where the main wing stalled before the canard, causing an unrecoverable stall. After a lengthy investigation, Velocity found and solved the cause of these stalls. The 173 included airfoil modifications that prevented the deep stall. The original kit was also modified to prevent a deep stall, and was now known as the Standard model.

In 1995, Velocity introduced the gull-wing doors, calling the plane the Standard Elite (abbreviated to "SE").

In 1986, Scott and Duane Swing purchased a Velocity kit. They developed a retractable gear option for it, and began selling it as an add-on. When the Swings purchased Velocity from Danny in 1992, their retractable gear became a factory option to the kit.

In March 1997, Velocity introduced the XL model, which features a larger cabin and space for a larger engine.

The XL-5, sometimes called a "dash five", was introduced in 2004. It reduced the size of the keel down the center of the cabin, giving more room in the back seat.

Velocity has developed a twin-engine model called the Velocity V-Twin. The prototype's first flight was on March 3, 2012, and the model was made available for sale in early 2013.  A video is available on the official website.

Current models

References

Homebuilt aircraft
Logic Wireless. Logic Wireless is a multinational corporation headquartered in Tucson, Arizona, United States. The company was the first to launch Projector Phone technology.

Company history
Aasim Saied founded Logic Wireless. During his early days at the University of Arizona, Saied pioneered the world's first mobile projector phone called Logic Bolt. In the summer of 2008, Saied formed the Logic Wireless team to provide an innovative technology in the wireless industry, by converging projector technology with a mobile device. The Logic Wireless team took this first prototype to the Consumer Electronic Show in 2009.

Logic Bolt Projector cell phone series
The cornerstone of the company's inventions has been their Logic Bolt Projector cell phones. Logic Bolt 1.0 and Logic Bolt 1.5 were tailored for an international audience.

References

Privately held companies based in California
Companies based in Los Angeles
Power-on hours. Power-on hours (POH) is the length of time, usually in hours, that electrical power is applied to a device.

A part of the S.M.A.R.T. attributes (originally known as IntelliSafe, before its introduction to the public domain on 12 May 1995, by the computer hardware and software company Compaq),

It is used to predict drive failure, supported by manufacturers such as Samsung, Seagate, Toshiba, IBM (Hitachi), Fujitsu, Maxtor, Kingston and Western Digital.

Power-on hours is intended to indicate a remaining lifetime prediction for hard drives and solid state drives, generally, "the total expected life-time of a hard disk is 5 years"  or 43,800 hours of constant use.

Typically, after a disk reaches 5 years of power-on time, the disk is more likely to fail. Some drives can still work perfectly fine even after 43,800 hours had passed, and some have even reached 10 years or more without any problems.

Google tested over 100,000 consumer grade serial and parallel ATA hard disks, finding evidence that S.M.A.R.T. attributes like POH played a heavy role in device failures.

References

Survival analysis
Reliability analysis
Atlantic Coast Line 501. Atlantic Coast Line 501 is an EMC E3 diesel locomotive built in November 1939 for the Atlantic Coast Line Railroad. It was notable for being the sole EMC E3 survivor, though it was rebuilt into an E6 before delivery.

The No. 501 locomotive spent its career pulling the Champion. After retirement from regular service, the unit was restored to purple & silver colors by owner Glenn Monhart. In the 1980s, the engine operated on the Wisconsin Western Railroad, a short-lived heritage railway. It is currently operating at the North Carolina Transportation Museum in Spencer, North Carolina.

References

Atlantic Coast Line Railroad
Electro-Motive Division locomotives
A1A-A1A locomotives
Preserved diesel locomotives
Individual locomotives of the United States
Railway locomotives introduced in 1939
Ronald J. Williams. Ronald J. Williams (1945 in California – February 16, 2024 in Framingham Massachusetts) was professor of computer science at Northeastern University, and one of the pioneers of neural networks. He co-authored a paper on the backpropagation algorithm which triggered a boom in neural network research. He also made fundamental contributions to the fields of recurrent neural networks and reinforcement learning. 
Together with Wenxu Tong and Mary Jo Ondrechen he developed Partial Order Optimum Likelihood (POOL), a machine learning method used in the prediction of active amino acids in protein structures. POOL is a maximum likelihood method with a monotonicity constraint and is a general predictor of properties that depend monotonically on the input features.

References

External links
Home page of Ronald J. Williams

American computer scientists
Northeastern University faculty
People from Boston
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Nuclear resonance fluorescence. Nuclear resonance fluorescence (NRF) is a nuclear process in which a nucleus absorbs and emits high-energy photons called gamma rays. NRF interactions typically take place above 1 MeV, and most NRF experiments target heavy nuclei such as uranium and thorium

This process is used for scanning cargo for contraband. Its far more effective than just using x-rays because x-rays can only see the shape of the item in question. With nuclear resonance fluorescence its possible to see what the molecular structure is and thus, distinguish between salt and cocaine without even opening the container. (from National Geographic Magazine, February 2018, article: They Are Watching Us, by Robert Draper)

Mode of interaction
NRF reactions are the result of nuclear absorption and subsequent emission of high-energy photons (gamma rays). As a gamma ray strikes the nucleus, the nucleus becomes excited (that is, the nuclear system as a quantum mechanical ensemble is put into a state with a higher energy). Much like electronic excitation, the nucleus will decay toward its ground state, releasing a high-energy photon at a number of possible, discrete energies. Thus, NRF can be quantified using spectroscopy. Nuclei can be identified by the distinct pattern of NRF emission peaks, although NRF analysis is much less straightforward than typical electronic emissions.

As the energy of incident photons increases, the average spacing between nuclear energy levels decreases. For sufficiently energetic nuclei (i.e. incident photons of over ~1 MeV), the mean spacing between energy levels may be lower than the mean width of each NRF resonance. At this point, determinations of peak spacing cannot be analytical, and must rely on specialized applications of the statistical methods of signal processing.

There is a related phenomenon at the level of electron orbitals. A photon, generally in a lower energy range, can be absorbed by displacing an orbital electron, and then a new photon having the same energy is emitted in a random direction when the electron drops back down. See resonance fluorescence  for a discussion of the theory and x-ray fluorescence for a discussion of its many applications.

References

Fluorescence
Nuclear physics