omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
William Wales (optician). William Wales ( – September 15, 1907) was an English-American optical instrument inventor specializing in the manufacture of objectives for use in microscopes. Wales's objective inventions were used frequently in contemporary microscopes and many examples survive in private and museum collections today.

Life
Wales was first employed with the London-based optics firm Smith & Beck. There, he ground lenses for use in microscopes. He immigrated to the United States from England in 1862, settling in Fort Lee, New Jersey, and quickly opened his own business manufacturing objectives. In 1864, Wales entered a partnership with W. H. Bulloch under the name William Wales & Co., although this dissolved in 1866 when Bulloch moved to Chicago.

Although he did not manufacture microscopes as a whole device, Wales's optics were used frequently in microscopes sold across the United States. Wales assisted with John Leonard Riddell's invention of the monobjective binocular microscope, constructing the objective in such a way that it could illuminate itself rather than needing to be separately lit.

On February 21, 1865, Wales filed an application for a patent on a microscope. This invention used two or more oblique lenses that could allow natural light to pass through; previous microscopes had to be manually shifted to accommodate lighting.

Wales was also involved in the Grand Lodge of Good Templars and was elected to their New Jersey board in 1878.

On October 18, 1889, he was elected President of the New-York Microscopical Society pro tempore and continued to be on its committee on admissions between 1889 and 1891.

Death
On September 13, 1907, Wales and his family returned home to Leonia, New Jersey, after a trip to Europe. That night, Wales attempted suicide by cutting his wrist and throat and was discovered by his wife. He was transported to the hospital in Englewood, where he died of his injuries on the afternoon of September 15. The New York Times cited "insane jealousy" over his wife as his motive, although Wales himself did not provide a reason before his death. Wales was survived by his second wife and four children.

Legacy
Contemporary microscopists regarded Wales's objectives as exemplary. One early edition of The American Naturalist described his inventions, "With no equal power of Powell & Leland's of London, of Hartnack of Paris, of Tolles & Grunow of this country, or of Gundlach of Vienna, various objectives of each and all of which makers I have examined, have either, I myself, or other microscopists of my acquaintance been able to effect this".

Microscopes that include objectives supplied by Wales are in collections at various institutions, including Harvard University, East Carolina University, and the United States Army Medical Museum.

Publications

References

Citations

Bibliography

Further reading
 

1907 deaths
English emigrants to the United States
Inventors from New Jersey
1907 suicides
Suicides by sharp instrument in the United States
People from Fort Lee, New Jersey
People from Leonia, New Jersey
Robert L. White (engineer). Robert L. White (1927 – December 10, 2023) was an American professor of electrical engineering, and cochlear implant pioneer.

After becoming an expert in magnetics and a professor at Stanford, White switched to working on cochlear implants.  In 1964, he and surgeon Blair Simmons made a six-electrode device directly implanted into the auditory nerve in the modiolus, as opposed to the more modern approach through the scalae of the cochlea.  He continued to work with Simmons for decades on developing multi-channel implants of various sorts, and testing them with human subjects.

References

American electrical engineers
1927 births
2023 deaths
David Lynch (electrical engineer). David D. Lynch Jr. (born July 24, 1940) is an American electrical engineer.

Life and career 
Lynch attended Washington University. 

In 1994, Lynch was named a fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, for his "leadership in the development of programmable signal processors and low probability of intercept radar".

References 

1940 births
Living people
American electrical engineers
Fellows of the IEEE
20th-century American engineers
Washington University in St. Louis alumni
IAQVEC. The IAQVEC (Indoor Air Quality, Ventilation and Energy Conservation in Buildings) is an international scientific organisation whose mission is to provide technical support, guidance and technical publications to industry and research organizations for the optimization of indoor air quality, ventilation technology and energy conservation through annual conferences and workshops. The conferences cover a wide range of key research areas with the goal of simultaneously improving indoor environmental quality (IEQ) and energy efficiency enhancing wellbeing and sustainability. The association was established in 2016.

History 
Indoor Air Quality, Ventilation and Energy Conservation in Buildings (IAQVEC) was founded by Fariborz Haghighat and Francis Allard in 1992. The first IAQVEC conference was held October 7–9, 1992 at the 5th International Jacques Cartier Conference in Montreal, and an annual meeting has been held since 1992.

Past and future IAQVEC conferences include:

Objectives
The objectives of the association are:
 To promote scientific, technological and technical advances related to IAQVEC fields at the international level
 To develop and disseminate knowledge and information related to IAQVEC
 To promote and organize IAQVEC conferences every three years.

See also
 Air infiltration and Ventilation Centre (AIVC)
 American Society of Heating, Refirigeration, Air-conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)
 International Building Performance Simulation Association (IBPSA)
 International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate (ISIAQ)

References

External links
 

Scientific societies
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning
Ventilation
Energy conservation
International professional associations
Scientific organizations established in 1992
Institution of Engineering and Technology
Building engineering organizations
Low-energy building
Sabine Ludwigs. Sabine Ludwigs (born 1978) is a German chemist who is a full professor at the University of Stuttgart. Her research considers conductive molecular materials for technologies including organic electronics and actuators. She investigates the functional properties (optical, electronic, electrochemical) of conductive polymers.

Early life and education 
Ludwigs was born in Cologne. She was an undergraduate student at the University of Bayreuth, where she remained for her doctoral research in physical chemistry. Her research involved investigations into the complex nanostructures that form in triblock terpolymer thin films. She moved to the University of Cambridge as a postdoctoral researcher, where she spent two years.

Research and career 
In 2006, Ludwigs established her own research group at the Institute for Macromolecular Chemistry at the University of Freiburg. She was a Junior Fellow and awarded an Emmy Noether Fellowship. She spent four years in the Freiburg Material Research Center before moving to the University of Stuttgart as Full Professor of Structure and Properties of Polymeric Materials.

Ludwigs' research considers semiconducting molecular materials for next-generation technologies, including organic electronics and soft robotics. She investigates how molecular design impacts the functional properties of materials and structure-function relationships (e.g. how structure and morphology impacts optical and electronic properties). Alongside electrons, molecular materials can enable ionic transport, which makes them valuable materials for bioelectronics, personalised therapeutics and wearable medical devices.

Since 2020 she has served as Associate Editor of Macromolecules.

Fellowships and awards 

 2002 Award of the Otto-Warburg-Chemiestiftung
 2006 Awards for excellent research work, Otto-Röhm-Gedächtnisstiftung
 2007 Invited Professorship, Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg
 2008 Junior Fellow in the Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies
 2008 Emmy Noether Group of the German Research Association
 2008 Elite stipend of the Baden-Württemberg-Foundation
 2009 Eugen-Graetz Award
 2016 Invited Professorship, Ecole Polytechnique, LabEx CHARMMMAT

Selected publications

References 

1978 births
Living people
Scientists from Cologne
German women chemists
Campus of the University of Engineering and Technology, Lima. The campus of the University of Engineering and Technology is located at the entrance of Barranco District, between the Bajada de Armendáriz, Reducto Avenue and the Paseo de la República. The building is the work of Irish architects Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara of Grafton Architects, winners of the 2020 Pritzker Prize. Although it has been dubbed the "modern Machu Picchu" by supporters, the building's design has been met with controversy.

History

The campus, built in 2015 by Graña y Montero, was designed in 2011 by the winning architects of the UTEC International Architecture Competition, the Irish Yvonne Farrell and Shelley McNamara of Grafton Architects. The project won the Silver Lion award at the 13th edition of the Venice Biennale of Architecture. In early 2020, Farrell and McNamara were recognized with the Pritzker Prize for their architectural work.

The brutalist building had a budget of US$ 100 million for its construction. Its design and location have been met with controversy and criticism, as its "unfinished appearance" has been criticised and compared to the works built during Juan Velasco Alvarado's so-called revolutionary government.

See also
University of Engineering and Technology (Peru)

References

Brutalist architecture in Peru
Barranco District
Universities in Lima
William Sinclair Smith Bisset. Colonel Sir William Sinclair Smith Bisset (23 November 1843 - 30 July 1916) was a British Army officer and colonial administrator.

Life
Born in Aberdeen to James Bisset and his second wife Elizabeth Sinclair Smith, he was educated at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich before becoming an officer in the Royal Engineers in 1863,
 gaining promotion to captain in 1877. He initially held some junior posts linked to managing and building the railways of British India before serving in the Second Anglo-Afghan War, winning a mention in despatches and promotion to Brevet Major, made substantive in 1881.

Though he remained in the Army after the war (rising to lieutenant colonel in 1890 and his final rank of colonel in 1895), what was effectively a civil service career followed, as manager of the Rajputana-Malwa Railway (1875–1884), agent of the Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway (1884–1893), secretary to the Government of India, Public Works Department (1893–1897), director-general of Railways, chairman of the South Mahratta Railway Company and finally government director of Indian Railway Companies at the India Office (1897–1901).

On 20 November 1888 in Mumbai he married Henrietta Mary La Touche (1875–1945, Belgravia), daughter of Major General William Paget La Touche (1838–1904), Indian Army, and their issue included the Royal Navy Vice Admiral Arthur William La Touche Bisset. Rewarded with appointments as Companion (1888) and Knight Commander (1897) of the Order of the Indian Empire, William finally retired from the Army in 1898 and India Office in 1901 and died in Stoke Poges in 1916.

References

1843 births
1916 deaths
Civil servants in the India Office
Railway officers in British India
Royal Engineers officers
British military personnel of the Second Anglo-Afghan War
Knights Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire
Military personnel from Aberdeen
Graduates of the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich
Corporate directors
History of rail transport in India
History of rail transport in Gujarat
Project Neptuno. Proyecto Neptuno, sometimes also called Proyecto Arazatí, is a water infrastructure development project in Arazatí, in the department of San José in Uruguay. A consortium of businesses named "Aguas de Montevideo" presented the project in 2020 to create a water treatment plant that draws water from the Río de la Plata near Azaratí, to satisfy the water needs of the Montevideo Metropolitan area.

The government water corporation, OSE, accepted the proposal, issuing a request for proposals to build the plant in November 2022 with an estimated cost of over 200 million dollars, and quickly was approved with the consortium of businesses. A 20-year cost estimate suggests that the Uruguayan government will have to pay at least 480 million dollars to maintain operations of the project.

The project is supposed to provide at least 30% of the metropolitan areas water demand from the Río de La Plata. The process involves building a pólder and artificial lake  with 4.0 cubic hectometers  capacity. The project has been an important source of environmental conflict. Critics highlight three major issues with the project. First the environmental impact of the project was never fully evaluated. The scientific community in the country, has actively disagreed with OSE's initial evaluation of the impact of the project and its potential to address the water shortages And lastly, critics point to the speed and terms of the contract between the consortium of businesses and the state corporation.

References 

Water supply and sanitation in Uruguay
Supermind AI. Supermind is a state-funded Chinese artificial intelligence platform that tracks scientists and researchers internationally.

The platform is the flagship project of Shenzhen's International Science and Technology Information Center. It mines data from science and technology databases such as Springer, Wiley, Clarivate and Elsevier. It is intended to detect technological breakthroughs and to identify possible sources of talent as part of China's efforts to advance technologically.

The platform also uses government data security and security intelligence organizations such as Peng Cheng Laboratory, the China National GeneBank, BGI Group and the Key Laboratory of New Technologies of Security Intelligence.

According to Hong Kong-based Asia Times, the platform, "While not an overt espionage tool...may be used to identify key personnel who could be bribed, deceived or manipulated into divulging classified information".

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) flagged the project as an incident, meaning it may be of interest to policymakers and other stakeholders.

US technology group American Edge Project criticized the project as a global risk of China's security services using the platform to place agents in jobs with access to important information, recruit technical personnel, and identify targets for hacking operations.

References 

Artificial intelligence
Artificial intelligence articles needing expert attention
Phantom (unmanned ground vehicle). Phantom is a Ukrainian multi-purpose tactical unmanned ground vehicle. Standard armament includes a 12.7 mm machine gun. Developed by the company Spetstechnoexport of the state concern Ukroboronprom.

Description 

Applications include reconnaissance, fire support, evacuation of the wounded, ammunition delivery, and repair work.

Technical characteristics 
Range — 20 km.

Max. speed — 38 km/h.

Engine — hybrid, power 30 kW.

Payload — 350 kg.

Control — secure radio channel with a range of 2.5 km or fiber optic cable of 5 km length.

The device is equipped with a system for integration with UAVs.

Armament 
Day and night aiming systems, allowing to fire at distances of more than 2 km and 1 km respectively.

The device is armed with a 12.7-mm machine gun on a stabilized platform. The rate of fire has 3 modes.

There is an option to install an anti-tank missile system.

History 
On 29 August 2016, "Phantom" was demonstrated to the Secretary of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine, Oleksandr Turchynov.

"Phantom" was publicly presented for the first time on 11 October 2016 at the "Arms and Security - 2016" exhibition in Kyiv.

Gallery

See also 

 THeMIS

Notes

External links 

 "Phantom" - the warrior of the future  // "Ukroboronprom", 11 October 2016

Military vehicles of Ukraine
Unmanned ground combat vehicles
Sara Aagesen. Sara Aagesen Muñoz (born in 1976) is a Spanish chemical engineer serving as Third Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for the Ecological Transition of Spain since 25 November 2024. She previously served as Secretary of State for Energy from 17 January 2020.

Life 
Sara Aagesen graduated as a chemical engineer at the Complutense University of Madrid, specializing in environment affairs.

In 2002, she joined the newly created Spanish Office for Climate Change (OECC), within the Ministry of Environment, where she focused her activity on climate action and the energy transition. Likewise, since that year she served as a negotiator for the Spanish delegation in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and is part of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).

In June 2018, she was appointed Special Advisor to the Cabinet of the Minister of Ecological Transition, Teresa Ribera, where she directed, coordinated and defined the National Integrated Energy and Climate Plan 2021-2030 and the Long-Term Decarbonization Strategy 2050. The following year, in 2019, she represented Spain at the 2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP25) held in Madrid.

On 17 January 2020, she was appointed Secretary of State for Energy,  the second most important position in Ribera's department. From this position, she continued with energy transition policies, she managed energy policy during the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian invasion of Ukraine, contributed to the approval of the "Iberian energy exception" and prepared the update of the National Integrated Energy and Climate Plan (2023-2030).

In November 2024 she was announced to become the Third Deputy Prime Minister and Minister for the Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge, replacing Teresa Ribera, something already expected by the press and the energy sector who considered her the "natural candidate."

References 

1976 births
21st-century Spanish politicians
21st-century Spanish women politicians
Complutense University of Madrid alumni
Government ministers of Spain
Living people
Women government ministers of Spain
21st-century Spanish engineers
20th-century Spanish engineers
Dov Raviv. Dov Raviv (Hebrew: דב רביב, born in Romania in 1937) is an Israeli engineer, who was the director of the MLM plant of the Israel Aerospace Industries (between the years 1978–1991). Raviv is a Technion graduate in aeronautical engineering. Raviv is considered the father of Israel's interceptor missile programs (the "Arrow") and launchers.

References

1937 births
Israel Aerospace Industries
Israeli aerospace engineers
Living people
Romanian Jews in Israel
Jin Zhao (physicist). Jin Zhao () is a Chinese computational condensed-matter physicist, whose research involves using density functional theory in ab initio calculations of excited carriers and excitons in molecular dynamics, including work on perovskites, graphene, and fullerenes. She is a professor of physics in the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale at the University of Science and Technology of China.

Education and career
Zhao was an undergraduate at the University of Science and Technology of China, where she graduated in 1998 with a bachelor's degree in physics. She continued at the university for a Ph.D. in physics in 2003.

After postdoctoral research at the University of Pittsburgh, she became a research assistant professor in the University of Pittsburgh Department of Physics and Astronomy in 2008. In 2010 she returned to the University of Science and Technology of China, taking her present position as a professor there.

Recognition
Zhao won a 2005 best doctoral dissertation award of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. In 2007 she received the M.T. Thomas Award for Outstanding Postdoctoral Achievement of the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, recoignizing her "seminal contributions to the theory of the unoccupied electronic structure and dynamics of solid adsorbate interfaces, which are of importance to geochemistry, atmospheric science, and energy-related interfacial phenomena". She was the first researcher outside the laboratory to receive the award.

She was named to the Chinese One Hundred Talented Program in 2010. She received the Excellent Young Scientist Award in 2013, Outstanding Scientific Achievement Award in 2015, Outstanding Young Scientist Award in 2021, and Chinese Young Women in Science Award in 2023.

In 2023, she was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS), after a nomination from the APS Division of Computational Physics, "for combining methods of many-body perturbation theory with molecular dynamics to model the coupled ultrafast time scale charge, spin, and lattice quantum interactions in condensed matter and quantum materials within the shared Hefei-nonadiabatic molecular dynamics code".

References

External links
Prof. Jin Zhao’s research group

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Chinese physicists
Chinese women physicists
University of Science and Technology of China alumni
Academic staff of the University of Science and Technology of China
Fellows of the American Physical Society