omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
JetUML. JetUML is a UML tool developed as a pure-Java desktop application for educational and professional use. The project was launched in January 2015 with a focus on minimalist design. The name JetUML relates to the primary goal of the tool, namely the quick sketching of diagrams in the Unified Modeling Language (UML). JetUML is a free and open-source software licensed under the GNU General Public License (GPL).

History 
The JetUML project was launched in January 2015 by Martin P. Robillard, a professor of computer science at McGill University. The original goal of the tool was to support the interactive sketching of  UML diagrams during lectures and software design sessions. 

The initial source code was derived from the Java Swing-based Violet UML application developed by Cay Horstmann, and then progressively rewritten to modernize it and focus solely on UML sketching. In winter 2018, the application was migrated to the JavaFX GUI framework (Release 2.0). In spring 2020 the application was converted to a  modular application (Release 3.0) and started to be distributed as a self-contained executable.

JetUML was used to create the hundred-plus UML diagrams in the book Introduction to Software Design with Java.

Features 
JetUML aims to sketch software design ideas with a minimalist feature set. It allows users to create, modify, and annotate the main UML diagram types: class, sequence, state, object diagrams, and use case. JetUML uses UTF-8 encoding to share diagrams across systems including  Windows, Linux, and macOS.

JetUML saves diagrams in JSON files and can export diagrams as images in various graphic formats. JetUML does not collect or share any personal information from users. Users can send feedback and report issues directly to the open-source repository in GitHub.

No dependencies: without depending on any external libraries, JetUML minimizes the development and maintenance cost.
No reflection: JetUML does not use any highly reflective framework to enhance code readability.
No streaming: since JetUML involves few data-intensive operations, it avoids using streams in the interface of classes and limits the use of stream API within the method scope.
Well-Encapsulated: JetUML is designed to support the highest possible level of encapsulation.

Limitations 
Incomplete support for other UML diagram types.

See also 
List of UML tools
Glossary of Unified Modeling Language terms

References

External links 
Source code repository

UML tools
Free UML tools
Eclipse (software)
Free and open-source software
Java platform software
Software using the GNU General Public License
Free software programmed in Java (programming language)
Ilse Essers. Ilse Essers (24 September 189818 February 1994), was a German engineer who established essential foundations in the field of aeronautical engineering.

Biography
Ilse Essers was born Ilse Kober in 1898. She was the daughter of Anne Boeltz and Theodore Kober who worked on the Zeppelin airship. Before going to college, Essers established a new method for calculating measures against the buckling of steel girders.

She studied physics in Munich before moving on to study engineering in Aachen and graduated in 1926. Essers moved to Berlin where she worked in the aerodynamics department of the Aviation Research Institute. While there Essers discovered how the balance on flaps and rudders affected wing vibrations. She was the first woman awarded a doctorate in mechanical engineering there for her research in 1929.

Essers married Ernst Essers in 1929 and had four children after 1930. She continued to work and write. She wrote an autobiography and a series of books on the pioneers of science. Essers moved several times from Kiel in 1929 to Berlin in 1944 and Radolfzell on Lake Constance before returning to Aachen in 1946. She died in Aachen in 1994.

An award in her name is given out each year to women students. Ilse-Essers-Strasse is a street in Munich named for her.

Bibliography
 Max Valier - A pioneer of space travel
 Hermann Ganswindt
 Investigation of wing vibrations in the wind tunnel
 Technology on my life path: as a woman and engineer in the early days of aviation technology
 From airship to glider: an overview of the beginnings of flight technology

References and sources

1898 births
1994 deaths
RAF Wanborough. Royal Air Force Wanborough or more simply RAF Wanborough is a former Royal Air Force satellite airfield near Swindon, Wiltshire, England.

The following units were here at some point:
 No. 3 Elementary Flying Training School RAF
 No. 3 Glider Training School RAF
 No. 3 Service Flying Training School RAF
 No. 14 Service Flying Training School RAF
 No. 1547 (Beam Approach Training) Flight RAF
 Airfield Controllers School
 School of Flying Control

Current use

The site is now open land.

References

Wanborough
Stress wave communication. Stress wave communication is a technique of sending and receiving messages using host structure itself as the transmission medium.
Conventional modulation methods such as amplitude-shift keying (ASK), frequency-shift keying (FSK), phase-shift keying (PSK), quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), pulse-position modulation (PPM) and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) could be leveraged for stress wave communication. The challenge to use stress wave as the carrier of the communication is the severe signal distortions due to the multipath channel dispersion. Compared with other communication techniques, it is a very reliable communication for special applications, such as within concrete structures, well drilling string, pipeline structures and so on.

References 

Quantized radio modulation modes
Applied probability
Fault tolerance
Computational microscopy. Computational microscopy is a subfield of computational imaging, which combines algorithmic reconstruction with sensing to capture microscopic images of objects. The algorithms used in computational microscopy often combine the information of several images captured using various illuminations or measurements to form an aggregated 2D or 3D image using iterative techniques or machine learning. 
Notable forms of computational microscopy include super-resolution fluorescence microscopy, quantitative phase imaging, and Fourier ptychography.
 Computational microscopy is at the intersection of computer science and optics.

References 

Imaging
Microscopy
Multidimensional signal processing
Metrolite. Metrolite is a light rail (LRT) urban transit system being planned in India for cities with lower ridership projection and as a feeder system for the existing metro systems. It will cater to lower passenger capacity at a reduced cost than a metro line. It will have dedicated tracks, separated from the road.

Route and stations 
The route alignment and stations will be at-grade, as far as possible to reduce construction cost and time. The system will have shelter island platforms and AFC gates, platform screen doors, X-ray machines and baggage scanners will not be present similar to a bus stop. Fencing will be provided on both sides of the track to segregate it from the road traffic. The at-grade stations will have 5.5 m width, and in case road width does not permit, one line will be provided on adjacent road parallel to the previous one. Entire roads might be closed for road traffic and converted to metrolite network. For the elevated section, there will be side platforms each having a width of 1.12 m. Although concourse level will be absent, both platforms will be connected via foot bridges. The stations will have a maximum height of 5.5 m above the road.

Ticketing 
The stations will not have any AFC gates to reduce cost, but ticket validators might be installed in trains and stations with National Common Mobility Card and other ticketing systems. Ticket checking will be random and heavy penalties will be levied on the passengers without a valid ticket.

Rolling stock 
The stainless steel or aluminium trains will be of 3-car unit, articulated with each other and with a peak hour peak direction traffic capacity of 2,000 to 15,000. The width of the trains is standardised at 2.65 m with a low floor height of 300–350 mm. Maximum operational speed will be 60 kmph. The trains will also have an obstruction detection system.

Tracks and electrification 
The tracks will be 1435 mm standard gauge, embedded on road for at-grade sections and ballast-less tracks for elevated sections. The maximum radius of curvature of tracks will be 25 m. Traction system shall be 750 V DC third rail or overhead catenary.

Signalling and telecommunication 
Communications-Based Train Control signalling along with Automatic Train Protection will be used. ATS and Interlocking will also be installed to prevent derailment due to over speeding while moving down the gradient, decongest a section while peak hours and route diversions. Signalling equipment rooms will be present only at stations nearby crossovers. The rooms will be an underground container below the platform. For road traffic, an integrated road and rail signalling system will be provided giving priority to the metrolite system. The system will have CCTV cameras in platforms and train communication will be done through Terrestrial Trunked Radio.

List of proposed metrolite systems

See also 
 Metro Neo
 Urban rail transit in India

References

External links 

 Ministry Of Housing and Urban Affairs

Standard gauge railways in India
Proposed rail infrastructure in India
Banzhang Mountain Tunnel. The Banzhang Mountain Tunnel (also known as the Yinbing Road Tunnel) is a tunnel in Zhuhai, China that opened on June 22, 2020 with an official ceremony. Its construction was begun in March 2018, and it has a so-called slow-traffic lane for pedestrians and cyclists. The slow-traffic lane is decorated with paintings on the ceiling depicting clouds in the blue sky. The tunnel is about 1.03 km long and has ventilators to keep the air flowing.

References

Tunnels in China
Center for Quantum Spintronics. The Center for Quantum Spintronics (QuSpin) is a research center at the Department of Physics at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU). 

In 2017, the Research Council of Norway designated QuSpin as a Center of Excellence (SFF) for the period 2017–2027. 

Spintronics, or spin electronics, is a field in condensed matter physics, a study of the physical effects associated with quantum mechanical spin. Electrons do not only have charge. They also have a spin, an apparent inner rotation, as if the electrons spin around their own axis. Spintronics has already contributed to a revolution in data storage, and was, among other things, the basis for Apple's music player iPod. 

The researchers at QuSpin aim to describe and develop new ways of controlling electrical signals. This may contribute to a major development in energy efficient information and communication technology. The results of their research have already attracted interest internationally, and have been discussed and published in several scientific journals, e.g. Nature and Science.

In electronics, the electrical charge of electrons is used to store and process information. Electric currents generate a lot of heat, which is emitted to the surroundings. This is an increasing challenge, and limits how small and efficient electronic devices can be. 

QuSpin works to find new ways of controlling and utilizing electrons' intrinsic spin. The goal is to control the spin, and other quantum mechanical variables, using new combinations of nanoscale materials. Their research includes studies of quantum mechanical transport properties for superconducting, magnetic and topological materials. 

QuSpin has research activity in both theoretical and experimental physics. By the end of 2018, the center had a team of more than 60 members, of which 11 were professors and associate professors; three researchers; seven postdocs and 26 Ph.D. students.

The center management consists (as of 2023) of four primary investigators: Professor Arne Brataas; Professor Jacob Linder; Professor Asle Sudbø (Center Leader) and Associate Professor Hendrik Bentmann.

References

External links

Research in Norway
Norwegian University of Science and Technology
Spintronics
Charles E. Weir. Charles E. Weir (September 29, 1911–April 4, 1987) was an American chemist and physicist known for being one of the four co-inventors of the diamond anvil cell at the National Bureau of Standards in 1957, with Alvin Van Valkenburg, Ellis Lippincott and Elmer Bunting. Weir had the principal role in designing the first diamond anvil cell, and built it by hand using the machining tools available in his lab. The original device was first described in a paper on high-pressure infrared absorption measurements of calcium carbonate. Later, Weir collaborated in the development of diamond anvil cells for powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction.

Early life and education
Weir was born in Washington, DC in 1911 and attended Dunbar High School (Washington, D.C.), where he graduated first in his class in 1929. That same year, Weir was chosen by Oscar Stanton De Priest as one of four nominees for the US Naval Academy in Annapolis, where he passed the entrance exam, but failed the vision test. He instead attended the University of Chicago, where he obtained a B.S. in chemistry in 1932. Weir then obtained an M.S. in physical chemistry at Howard University, taught there for a few years, and went to Caltech in 1937 to pursue a Ph.D. in physics. He withdrew in 1940 due to illness, and began his career at the National Bureau of Standards in 1943.

Career
Shortly before he began working on the development of the diamond anvil cell, Weir worked in the Leather Section at the National Bureau of Standards, where he developed a piston/cylinder device for high pressure experiments on leather and similar materials. He then used this device for unfunded discretionary work on the compressibility of (and phase transitions in) many other materials. Ultimately, this discretionary work brought him into contact with Alvin Van Valkenburg (a mineralogist by training), who was also pursuing high-pressure research at the National Bureau of Standards, along with Ellis Lippincott from the University of Maryland, College Park and Elmer Bunting from the National Bureau of Standards. After a failed experiment that involved compressing a sample with a diamond piston inserted into a cylindrical hole bored into a 7.5 carat diamond crystal, Weir proposed an opposed anvil device that would take advantage of the high compressive strength of diamond (as opposed to its less impressive tensile strength) to perform infrared absorption measurements at high pressure. In 1958, Weir took the lead role in designing the first diamond anvil cell, and fabricated it himself using the tools available to him in the laboratory.

Later life and death
Charles Weir retired from the National Bureau of Standards in 1970 and later moved to San Luis Obispo, California. He died on April 4, 1987.

References 

Scientists from Washington, D.C.
University of Chicago alumni
Howard University alumni
Howard University faculty
California Institute of Technology alumni
National Institute of Standards and Technology people
American physicists

1911 births
1987 deaths
Madhavi Krishnan. Madhavi Krishnan is a British chemist who is Professor of Physical Chemistry at the University of Oxford. Krishnan invented an electrostatic fluidic trap which permits the spatial control and manipulation of nanoscale materials. These traps can permit the sensitive detection of biomarkers of disease, allowing for early diagnosis.

Early life and education 
Krishnan earned her undergraduate degree in Industrial Biotechnology at Anna University in Chennai. She moved to the United States for her graduate studies, where she joined the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor to work on genetic testing.  Krishnan was an Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Fellow at TU Dresden, where she developed new techniques to trap colloidal nanoparticles and stretch DNA. In 2008 she was awarded a Marie Curie Fellowship and moved to ETH Zurich. She was a visiting scholar at the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences.

Research and career 
In 2012 Krishnan was appointed an Assistant Professor of Physical Chemistry at ETH Zurich, where she was eventually made a Swiss National Science Foundation Chair. She moved to the University of Oxford in 2018, where she was made an Associate Professor of Physical Chemistry.

Krishnan investigates single-molecule imaging, making use of electrostatic fluid traps to suspend nanoscale materials. Traditionally, molecular traps need external fields (for example, ion traps and optical tweezers), which can perturb the systems that are under investigation. Investigating molecules in a field-free, electrostatic trap permits the non-destructive analysis of molecules in fluids at room temperature. Studying molecules in this way allows for unparalleled opportunity to understand molecular size and charge.

In September 2023 Krishnan was awarded a Title of Distinction of Professor of Physical Chemistry by the University of Oxford.

Awards and honours 
 2016 German Bunsen Society for Physical Chemistry Nernst-Haber-Bodensteinpreis 
 2018 European Research Council Consolidator Grant
 2020 Corday–Morgan Prize

Selected publications

References 

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Anna University alumni
University of Michigan alumni
Fellows of Merton College, Oxford
21st-century British chemists
British people of Indian descent
21st-century British inventors
Academic staff of ETH Zurich
Indian women molecular biologists
General Dynamics–Boeing AFTI/F-111A Aardvark. The General Dynamics–Boeing AFTI/F-111A Aardvark is a research aircraft modified from a General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark to test a Boeing-built supercritical mission adaptive wing (MAW). This MAW, in contrast to standard control surfaces, could smoothly change the shape of its airfoil in flight.

Development 
The AFTI/F-111A was part of the Advanced Fighter Technology Integration (AFTI) Program by the United States Air Force Flight Dynamics Laboratory and NASA, which was an extension of the earlier transonic aircraft technology (TACT) program to install a supercritical wing onto an F-111.  Unlike the TACT program, AFTI utilized a mission adaptive wing, which, instead of standard control surfaces, could smoothly change the shape of its airfoil in flight.  The concept was inspired by birds, which change the shape of their wings to adapt to new flight conditions.

By late 1981, Boeing had built a full-scale wing section and had received the variable-sweep actuator boxes from an F-111.  The new wings were installed on the 13th service test F-111A (serial number 63-9778), which had previously been used in the TACT program.  In November 1983, the systems for the MAW was powered up for the first time, revealing problems that delayed the program by five months.

The MAW of the AFTI/F-111A had four automatic flight modes:

 Maneuver camber control, which adjusted the camber of the wings for maximum aerodynamic efficiency.
 Cruise camber control, which adjusted the wings for maximum speed at any altitude and engine power.
 Maneuver load control, which adjusted the wings for maximum aircraft load factor.
 Maneuver enhancement alleviation, to cancel out the effects of gusts on the aircraft.

Testing 
The first flight of the AFTI/F-111A took place on 18 November 1985.  A total of 59 flights were conducted between 1985 and 1988, resulting in satisfactory results from the four flight modes during testing and showing a significant reduction in drag.  Additionally, none of the aircraft's 46 rotary actuators failed during testing, however, its 16 power drive units (PDU) required 37 component or complete replacements.

As of April 2023, the aircraft used in the TACT and AFTI programs is in storage at the Air Force Flight Test Museum at Edwards AFB.

Specifications

See also

References

External links 

 Flight Test Results From a Supercritical Mission Adaptive Wing With Smooth Variable Camber, NASA 

Edwards Air Force Base
1980s United States experimental aircraft
NASA programs
General Dynamics aircraft
Boeing aircraft
Twinjets
Variable-geometry-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1985
Shoulder-wing aircraft
Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear
GNRI Class BT. Great Northern Railway Class BT were a class of 13  tank locomotives introduced by the GNR(I) from 1887. They were the Great Northern Railways first home built engine and therefore the first engine to be built in Dundalk works.  

While fit for purpose when built, increasing train weights particularly with bogie carriages a factor meant by the 1920s they were underpowered for all available work and were withdrawn by 1921.

References

 
 

4-4-0T locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1885
5 ft 3 in gauge locomotives
Steam locomotives of Northern Ireland
Steam locomotives of Ireland
P
Scrapped locomotives
Poly Bridge 2. Poly Bridge 2 is a simulation-puzzle game developed and published by Dry Cactus, with music composed by Adrian Talens. It is the sequel to the critically acclaimed Poly Bridge. It is available worldwide for Linux, macOS, Microsoft Windows, Android, and iOS.

Gameplay

The objective of Poly Bridge 2 is to build a bridge that can take vehicles from place A to place B with materials provided within a limited budget. In addition to the materials that were already featured in Poly Bridge, a new material, the spring, is introduced. The game offers eight different worlds which consist of 16 levels each, along with six "challenge worlds" consisting of harder versions of the levels contained in the first six worlds, adding up to a total of 224 levels. The addition of a feature similar to the Steam Workshop allows players to make and upload their own levels for other players to enjoy. This workshop service is hosted on Dry Cactus's servers, making the game compatible with other launchers such as the Epic Games Store, whereas Poly Bridge's workshop was hosted on the Steam Workshop and was thus restricted to the Steam launcher.

Development and release
Poly Bridge 2 is developed and published by New Zealand-based video game developer Dry Cactus, with Canadian composer Adrian Talens returning to compose the original soundtrack. The game was released on Epic Games Store and Steam on 28 May 2020 for Linux, macOS and Microsoft Windows. It released with four regular worlds and four challenge worlds, with two additional normal worlds and one challenge world added on 2 August 2020. A mobile version of Poly Bridge 2 was released for iOS on 28 October 2020, and for Android on 30 October.

A sequel, titled Poly Bridge 3 was released on 30 May 2023.

Soundtrack

Reception

Poly Bridge 2 received "mixed or average" reviews, according to review aggregator Metacritic; however, the game has received "Overwhelmingly Positive" reviews on Steam, with a score of 96/100 and 2,852 reviews as of 22 March 2021. It has earned a rating of 4.83/5 stars on the Google Play store and 4.43/5 stars on the App Store.

Russell Archey of Gaming Nexus rated the game 8.5 out of 10. He felt the game was enjoyable and relaxing, and brought him a lot of happiness every time the bridge he built broke and drivers drove into the water.

Chris O'Connor of Impulse Gamer gave the game an overall 3.6 stars out of 5. He praised the game for being good fun at a pretty reasonable price, but criticised it for not having enough stages.

Michael Lafferty of Common Sense Media gave the game 4 stars out of 5.

John Walker of Rock, Paper, Shotgun commented the game is "far more like an expansion pack than a whole new game", and thought it difficult to enjoy if creating on one's own.

References

External links

2020 video games
Android (operating system) games
Construction and management simulation games
iOS games
Linux games
MacOS games
Puzzle video games
Single-player video games
Video games developed in New Zealand
Video game sequels
Windows games
Dry Cactus games