omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
List of General Dynamics F-111 aircraft operated by the Royal Australian Air Force. This is a list of the General Dynamics F-111 aircraft operated by the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) between 1973 and 2010. The RAAF's fleet of F-111s included 28 F-111Cs (of which four were converted to RF-111C reconnaissance aircraft) and 15 F-111Gs. Several more F-111s were purchased from the United States and used for ground training and testing purposes, or as a source of spare parts.

Background
The Australian Government purchased 24 F-111Cs in 1963. These were completed during 1968 and early 1969, and the first of the RAAF's aircraft was handed over to the service on 4 September 1968. However, the entire fleet was grounded in the United States shortly afterwards while serious deficiencies with the F-111's design were corrected. The RAAF finally accepted the 24 aircraft during 1973, and they flew to Australia in four groups between 1 June and 4 December that year.

Four of the F-111Cs were modified to RF-111C reconnaissance aircraft. The first, A8-126, received these modifications in the United States between October 1979 and April 1979; the other three were converted in Australia between July and September 1980.

The RAAF purchased four ex-United States Air Force (USAF) F-111As in 1981 as attrition replacements. These aircraft were delivered to the service in 1982 and were subsequently converted to F-111C standard.

In 1992 the Australian Government decided to purchase up to 18 ex-USAF F-111Gs in order to extend the type's service life. 15 F-111Gs were eventually acquired, and they were delivered to the RAAF during late 1993 and early 1994. Three more ex-USAF F-111Gs were also held for Australia in the United States, but never delivered. Other ex-USAF F-111s were also held at the 309th Aerospace Maintenance and Regeneration Group (AKA The Boneyard) in Arizona as sources of spare parts for the RAAFs fleet of aircraft.

The Australian Government announced on 7 November 2003 that the RAAF's F-111s would be retired from 2010, and on 16 March 2007 it was announced that the type would be withdrawn by the end of 2010. The F-111Gs were retired before the F-111Cs, with the last leaving service on 3 September 2007. The F-111C fleet was drawn down, and the type was finally retired on 3 December 2010. Eight of the RAAF's F-111s (seven F-111Cs and one F-111G) were destroyed in crashes during the type's service, with ten airmen being killed.

Following the F-111s' retirement, 13 of the surviving aircraft (12 F-111Cs and a single F-111G) were preserved in aviation museums and RAAF air bases. The remaining aircraft were buried at the Swanbank landfill site outside of Ipswich, Queensland, between 21 and 23 November 2011.

Aircraft

See also
List of aircraft of the Royal Australian Air Force

References

Citations

Works consulted

Australian military aircraft
Australia General Dynamics F-111 Aircraft
Type 917 rescue ship. Type 917 rescue ship (ARS) is a type of rescue and salvage ship developed by China for its People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). A total of two ships have entered service by mid-2014, and more units are planned. Type 917 is the first ship in PLAN to adopt a trimaran hull, and hence received NATO reporting name Dasan class, or 大三 in Chinese, which is short for Da-xing (大型) San-ti-chuan (三体船), meaning Large Trimaran.

The advantage of trimaran include stability and high speed in rough seas, and large deck area equivalent to much larger ship, thus enabling small ship to carry helicopter that can only be carried by larger ships in traditional monohull design. Designed by the Multihull Ship Technology National Defense Important Academic Majors Laboratory (多体船技术国防重点学科实验室) of Harbin Engineering University, Type 917 carries a pair of newly designed rescue boat, with one on each side, stored in the davit position. The ship is equipped with a newly designed H/PJ14 single 30 mm gun controlled by electro-optical sensor. Type 917 series in PLAN service are designated by a combination of two Chinese characters followed by three-digit number. The second Chinese character is Jiu (救), meaning rescue in Chinese, because these ships are classified as rescue ship. The first Chinese character denotes which fleet the ship is service with, with East (Dong, 东) for East Sea Fleet, North (Bei, 北) for North Sea Fleet, and South (Nan, 南) for South Sea Fleet. However, the pennant numbers may have changed due to the change of Chinese naval ships naming convention. Specification:
Length: 76 meter
Displacement: 550 ton

References

Auxiliary search and rescue ship classes
Auxiliary ships of the People's Liberation Army Navy
Type 679 training ship. The Type 679 training ship with NATO reporting name Daxin, or 大兴 in Chinese meaning Great Prosper, is a Chinese training ship developed for the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). The ship is more commonly known as Zheng He , after the Ming dynasty admiral of the same name.

Zheng He is the first purpose-built training ship indigenously developed by China. Designed by the 708th Institute of China State Shipbuilding Corporation (CSSC), commonly known as China Shipbuilding and Oceanic Engineering Design Academy (中国船舶及海洋工程设计研究), the ship was built by Qiuxing (求新) Shipyard in Shanghai, a division of Jiangnan Shipyard. 

The ship is designed to be crewed by 170 sailors and 30 instructors assigned to the ship. The ship has a large hospital on board to accommodate cadet classes. She was originally designed to house 108 cadets in addition to the crew and instructors. When the ship first entered service in 1987, she was the first ship in the PLAN to incorporate entertainment rooms (there are two such rooms). The vessel supports training in over forty subjects. 

In April 1989, Zheng He became the first ship in the PLAN to visit the United States when she visited Hawaii. Between April 16 and September 21, 2012, Zheng He conducted her first circumnavigation of the globe, crossing three oceans, visiting 11 countries, and covering more than 30,000 nautical miles over the course of a 159-day voyage.

See Also 

 USS Cheng Ho
 ROCS Cheng Ho

References

Auxiliary ships of the People's Liberation Army Navy
Training ships of the People's Liberation Army Navy
Auxiliary training ship classes
Ships built in China
1986 ships
Dalian
zh:郑和号训练舰
Type 646 hydrographic survey ship. Type 646 hydrographic survey ship with NATO reporting name Kanyang (勘洋, meaning Surveying Oceans) class is a type of survey vessel currently in service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN).

Type 646 Kanyang class survey ship is designed by the 4th Directorate of the 708th Institute of China State Shipbuilding Corporation (CSSC), which is also more commonly known as China Shipbuilding and Oceanic Engineering Design Academy (中国船舶及海洋工程设计研究)  nowadays. Construction of both ships begun simultaneously in December 1978 and both were launched in 1982, and both entered service with PLAN South Sea Fleet in 1978. In comparison to earlier shps converted from fishing and cargo vessels, these purposely designed ships carried more equipment and greatly improved efficiency. These ships are named as Nan-Ce (南测, meaning South Survey), followed by a three digit number. South means South Sea Fleet and Survey means that these ships are survey vessels. Specification:
Length (m): 60
Displacement (t): 676
Speed (kt): 15.51
Survey speed (kt): 3 – 4

References

Auxiliary ships of the People's Liberation Army Navy
Type 636 hydrographic survey ship. The Type 636 and its successor Type 636A hydrographic survey ships is type of Chinese survey and research vessel designed to replace earlier Type 625 and Type 635 research vessels, and is currently in service with the People's Liberation Army Navy and Chinese Coast Guard. Type 636 & 636A has received NATO reporting name Shupang class.

Type 636
Type 636 hydrographic survey ship and its successor Type 636A are both designed by of the 708th Institute of China State Shipbuilding Corporation (CSSC), which is also more commonly known as China Shipbuilding and Oceanic Engineering Design Academy (中国船舶及海洋工程设计研究)  nowadays. Special attention was given to vibration reduction measures and the internal noise generated by the ship itself was much lower than other ships of similar size. The ship was built by Wuhu Shipyard and entered service in August 1998. On November 16, 2011, it was transferred to Chinese Coast Guard. Specification:
Length (m): 129.82
Beam (m): 17
Depth (m): 8.1
Cruise speed (kn): 15
Top speed (kn): 18
Endurance (day): 60
Range (nmi): 15000
Displacement (t): 5872
Max wind scale resistance: 12

Type 636A
Type 636A is the successor of earlier Type 636. Construction of the first ship of Type 636A began at Wuhu Shipyard in May 2003 and there are  more than two dozen surveying systems installed on board. 
Each ship has two names, one used with the pennant number when on naval service, and another when working in civilian roles. The former are the names of eminent scientists and the second in a Hai Yang (海洋, "ocean") numbered series. 

Length (m): 129.28
Beam (m): 17
Depth (m): 8.1
Cruise speed (kn): 15
Top speed (kn): 17.5
Endurance (day): 60
Range (nmi): 15000 @ 15 kn
Displacement (t): 5883
Crew: 134

Ships
Type 636 and 636A ships are named as contemporary Chinese scientists.

References

Auxiliary ships of the People's Liberation Army Navy
Auxiliary research ship classes
Type 648 repair ship. The Type 648 repair ship is a Chinese submarine repair ship currently in service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN). It was one of the two units consisting the proposed mobile repair flotilla, but the floating dry dock with lifting capacity of 2000 tons was never built, and Type 648 repair ship was the one only completed. Type 648 has received with NATO reporting name Dadao class (大岛, meaning Great Island).

The Type 648 is designed by the 3rd Directorate of the 708th Institute of China State Shipbuilding Corporation (CSSC), which is also more commonly known as China Shipbuilding and Oceanic Engineering Design Academy (中国船舶及海洋工程设计研究)  nowadays, after receiving the assignment from PLAN in October 1975. Construction begun in July 1980 and completed in December 1984, and the ship was formally handed over to PLAN in January 1985 with name as Dong-Xiu (东修, meaning East Repair in Chinese) 911. Type 648 was specially designed to repair submarines and has elaborate repair facilities on board. After decades of service and numerous upgrades, the ship remain in active service in the early 2010s.

Specifications:
Length (m): 84
Waterline (m): 78.7
Depth (m): 5.8
Draft (m): 4
Beam (m): 12.4
Displacement (t): 1962
Speed (kn): 15.1
Range (nmi): 2000
Endurance (day): 20
Crew: 105
Armament: 4 Type 61 twin 25 mm gun
Propulsion: 2 D39 diesel engines @ 1360 kW (1850 hp)

References

Auxiliary ships of the People's Liberation Army Navy
Auxiliary repair ship classes

zh:大岛级打捞救生船
Marthandam College of Engineering and Technology. Marthandam College of Engineering & Technology (MACET) is a Private Engineering College located in Kuttakuzhi, Marthandam, Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu, India. It was founded in September 2006. Marthandam College of Engineering and Technology (MACET) is the fruit of efforts by the members of Marthandam Educational & Charitable Trust (MECT). The college was approved by All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) and affiliated with Anna University, Chennai.

Academic Programs
Source:

Marthandam College of Engineering & Technology offers following Programs

Under Graduate Degree Programs
 B.E - Civil Engineering
 B.E - Mechanical Engineering
 B.E - Electrical & Electronics Engineering
 B.E - Electronics & Communication Engineering
 B.E - Computer Science & Engineering
 B.Tech - Information Technology

Post Graduate Degree Programs
 M.E - Computer Science & Engineering
 M.E - Power Electronics & Drives
 M.E - VLSI Design

Location

The College is located in Kuttakuzhi village, 6 km from Marthandam Town.  It is located midway between Thiruvananthapuram and Nagercoil in Kanyakumari District, Tamil Nadu. The College campus is linked by road to Eraviputhoorkadai, Swamiyar madam, Attoor, Kulasekaram, Arumanai, Thiruvattar and Mulagumudu, Marthandam. Trivandrum International Airport is 50.8  Kmts away from the College. The campus is spread over 15 acres of land with water supply.

External links
Official College Website
List of Colleges in Kanyakumari district
Arivial Peravai
Success is our reward: Article on The Hindu

References

Engineering colleges in Tamil Nadu
Colleges affiliated to Anna University
Universities and colleges in Kanyakumari district
Educational institutions established in 2006
2006 establishments in Tamil Nadu
Banping Lake Wetland Park. The Banping Lake Wetland Park () is a constructed wetland in Zuoying District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.

History
The area around the park used to be a geological limestone mountain called Mount Banping. It used to be an important source of Taiwan's limestone ore needs. In 1997, the mining activities ceased to operate after 30 years of activity and the mining area began to recover to its original condition. Several years later, the Kaohsiung City Government carried out a conservation plan to protect the soil and water for the abandoned mine area. After years of restorative afforestation and rehabilitation, the mountain slowly regained its original beauty.

In 2004, the Kaohsiung Association of Hydraulic Engineers was commissioned by the Kaohsiung City government to assess the feasibility of converting the grit chamber area at the southern base of Banping Mountain, owned by Chien Tai Cement Company, into a wetland park. The result of the evaluation was positive. In 2005, the city government developed a nature park at the foot of Banping Mountain's northwestern side. At the southern base of the mountain, they also constructed five flood-detention grit chambers. Artificial wetlands were also created to serve as both grit-removal systems and flood-detention basins.

Geology
The park spans over an area of 13 hectares. It features viewing platforms and bird-watching huts.

Transportation
The wetland is accessible within walking distance north of Xinzuoying Station.

See also
 Mining in Taiwan
 Gaomei Wetlands

References

2005 establishments in Taiwan
Constructed wetlands in Taiwan
Landforms of Kaohsiung
Tourist attractions in Kaohsiung
Zuoying District
Perfluoromethyldecalin. Perfluoromethyldecalin is a fluorocarbon liquid—a perfluorinated derivative of the hydrocarbon methyldecalin. It is chemically and biologically inert.  It is mainly of interest as a blood substitute, exploiting the high solubility of air in this solvent.

Structural isomers

Most commercially available perfluoromethyldecalin consists of both perfluoro-1-methyldecalin and perfluoro-2-methyldecalin. Each structural isomer has its own CAS registry number, as does the mixture. The two isomers are chemically and physically very similar.

Manufacture
Perfluoromethyldecalin can be manufactured by the Fowler process, which involves moderating the action of elemental fluorine with cobalt fluoride in the gas phase from methylnaphthalene. Methylnaphthalene is preferred as the starting material vs methyldecalin as is consumes less fluorine.

Properties
Perfluoromethyldecalin is chemically inert and thermally stable (to over 400 °C). It has been evaluated as a blood substitute.

It is a colorless liquid, with a relatively high density, low viscosity, and low surface tension that evaporates rapidly for a compounds with its high molecular weight. It is a relatively good solvent for gases, but a poor solvent for solids and liquids.

In common with other cyclic perfluorocarbons, perfluorodecalin can be detected at extremely low concentrations; it has therefore been proposed for use as a perfluorocarbon tracer. Its higher boiling makes it suitable for use in water flow.

Other applications include use as a heat transfer agent and a dielectric fluid.

References 

Fluorocarbons
Halogenated solvents
Coolants
Rudolph Bonaparte. Rudolph (Rudy) Bonaparte is the President and CEO of Geosyntec Consultants, Inc and its specialty affiliates MMI Engineering, SiREM, and GSM Consultancy.
In 2007, Dr. Bonaparte was elected to the National Academy of Engineering for contributions to geoengineering with geosynthetics, the design of landfill waste-containment systems, and leadership in geotechnical engineering practice.
Dr. Bonaparte earned his B.S. (1977) from the University of Texas at Austin, a M.S. (1978) and a PhD (1981) in Civil (Geotechnical) Engineering from University of California, Berkeley. Dr. Bonaparte was Inducted to the Academy of Distinguished Alumni on November 8, 2012.

Dr. Bonaparte is the author of a number of technical papers and led a peer review team for the EPA that estimated the service life of HDPE membrane liners in landfills to be approximately 1,000 years.

Bibliography 
 "A Time-dependent Constitutive Model for Cohesive Soils" (1982)
 "Assessment and Recommendations for Improving the Performance of Waste Containment Systems" (2002)

Awards
2016 American Society of Civil Engineers Outstanding Projects and Leaders (OPAL) Lifetime Achievement Award for design
2012 Academy of Distinguished Alumni, University of California, Berkeley Civil and Environmental Engineering
2007 National Academy of Engineering
2000 J. James Croes Medal, American Society of Civil Engineers, co-recipient

References 

Living people
UC Berkeley College of Engineering alumni
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
American chief executives
Year of birth missing (living people)
IWOCL. The International Workshop on OpenCL (IWOCL – "eye-wok-ul") is an annual conference that brings together the community of OpenCL users, researchers, developers and suppliers to share OpenCL best practices and help advance the use of the Khronos OpenCL standard for the parallel programming of heterogeneous systems.

Participation at IWOCL is open to anyone who is interested in contributing to, and participating in the OpenCL community.  This includes developers working with the many APIs, tools and libraries built on OpenCL, such as the Khronos Standard Portable Intermediate Representation (SPIR) and the SYCL C++ abstraction layer.

Technical program and submissions
A Call for Sessions usually goes out in the Autumn before the event the following May.

The technical program comprises research papers (published in the ACM Conference Series), technical presentations and posters, preceded by a day of workshops.  All submissions are reviewed by a Technical Committee comprising world-leaders in the field of OpenCL and Heterogeneous computing.

Event History and Dates

Event organization
IWOCL is a community led, not-for profit event chaired by Simon McIntosh-Smith, Professor in High Performance Computing and Head of the Microelectronics Group at the University of Bristol.

References

External links

 IWOCL Official Site
 Official site for the Khronos OpenCL Standard

Parallel computing
GPGPU
Technology conferences
Trade fairs in the United Kingdom
Xerox 9700. The Xerox 9700 was a high-end laser printer manufactured by Xerox Corporation beginning in 1977.  Based on the Xerox 9200 copier, the 9700 printed at 300 dots-per-inch on cut-sheet paper at up to two pages per second (pps), one- or two-sided, that is simplex or duplex, landscape or portrait.

Description 
The 9700 was intended for high-volume applications. It included a disk drive and a modified Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) PDP-11/34 as a print controller and rasterizer. It could connect to an IBM mainframe via a parallel channel.  It offered an input tray that could hold up to 2500 sheets of paper (20lb bond/75gsm) and an auxiliary input tray for an additional 400 sheets.  It had two output stackers, each capable of holding 1500 sheets.  An operator control console consisted of a CRT display terminal and keyboard.  It optionally included a 9-track tape drive which could be used to load documents for printing, to supply software and bitmapped fonts, or run backups.

The 9700 had separate imaging units for each side of the paper, which allowed it to print simplex or duplex with no decrease in speed.

Historic importance
The Xerox 9700 played a part in the beginning of the Free Software movement: In 1980, Richard Stallman and some other hackers at the MIT AI Lab were refused access to the source code for the software of a newly installed Xerox 9700. Stallman had modified the software for the Lab's Xerox Graphics Printer, a xerographic experimental raster printer, so it electronically messaged a user when the person's job was printed, and would message all logged-in users waiting for print jobs if the printer was jammed. Not being able to add these features to the new printer was a major inconvenience, as the printer was on a different floor from most of the users. This experience convinced Stallman of people's need to be able to freely modify the software they use, thus the launch of the Free Software movement.

See also 
 DocuTech

References

External links 
 Xerox 9700 brochure

Xerox
Computer printers
Non-impact printing
Products introduced in 1977
Dynamic stock modelling. Dynamic stock modelling (DSM) is a new development in material flow accounting and explicitly considers the role of in-use stocks in past, present, and future material use.

For resource use
In-use stocks of buildings, infrastructure, and (durable) products play several important roles in social metabolism:

 They supply physical services such as transportation or shelter to people.
 They are 'capital containers' and 'resource repositories' representing large accumulations of fixed capital and materials; for example, steel and concrete in buildings.
 They are 'dynamics determiners'; their lifetime determines replacement flows and when new technologies can penetrate the market.
 They are 'wealth watchers' and can serve as an indicator of the amount of services utilized within a given socio-economic system.
 They are 'consumption couplers' because their technical properties determine the energy and material throughput required to operate them.
 They are 'city shapers' as the location and density of buildings determines transport patterns and other parameters of the urban fabric.

Dynamic stock modelling (DSM) explicitly considers these different roles of in-use stocks. DSM has a long tradition in modelling population and fixed capital; over the last twenty years, applications for product and material stocks have been developed. Age-cohort-based models, state-of-the-art in DSM, are of a descriptive nature: Each age-cohort is assigned an expected lifetime and the cohort's use phase ends when its lifetime elapses. At any given point in time, in-use stocks are composed of different age-cohorts, each with its specific material content and energy efficiency. In DSM, the assumed total stock size is determined by exogenously specified parameters such as population and per capita service level and the age-cohort lifetime model can be used to adjust the inflows into and the outflows from stocks.

Further applications
DSM is the basis for many other types of modelling; examples include integrated assessment models, system dynamics models, population balance models, and dynamic material flow accounting (MFA) models. The latter are an important manner in which the material and technological detail of MFA is enhanced. DSM of materials additionally allows for the modelling of the end-of-life product flow which is the sum of all discarded products leaving the use phase according to the lifetime distribution chosen. This enables forecasting of waste volume and recycling potential and provides essential information for resource and energy use reduction strategies. The connection between dynamic DSM and waste input-output (IO) models, a special IO model type designed for handling waste, is currently under development and will allow for simultaneous assessment of environmental impacts of material production and recycling.

References

External links
 LIAISE KIT: Economy-wide accounts 

Resource economics