omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
American Eagle Eaglet. The Eaglet 31 is a United States two-seat tandem ultra-light high-winged monoplane of the early 1930s. Intended as a low-cost aircraft, its limited production run relegated it to a footnote in aviation history.

Design and development
The American Eagle Aircraft Corporation found that demand for their A-129 biplane and their other models was badly affected by the Wall Street stockmarket crash of late 1929 which ushered in the Great Depression. The small ultra-light, tandem two-seat Eaglet was therefore designed by company president, Edward E. Porterfield, to appeal to pilots with more modest pockets. Porterfield set a realistic goal of manufacturing an aircraft for $1,000. The first advertised price was $995.00.

The first model was the 1930  Eaglet 230, initially powered by the 25 h.p. Cleone engine that flew on June 30, 1930. The engine was so underpowered that only solo flights were possible.

Most later Eaglet 230s featured a 30 h.p. "Zeke" Szekely three-cylinder radial engine. Further experimentation led to fitting a Franklin engine and 60 h.p. Velie. A 40 h.p. Salmson engine was tried but proved to be too expensive to incorporate into the proposed production line.  The Szekely eventually ran reliably as an overhead valve 45 h.p. version.

The single Model A-31 of 1931 was fitted with the more powerful Continental A-50 of 50 h.p., and was followed by 13 Model B-31 and B-32  powered by the 45 h.p. Szekely SR-3. The bulk of these examples were produced after the American Eagle company declared bankruptcy and was absorbed by Lincoln Aircraft in May 1931 and reformed as the American Eagle Lincoln Page Aircraft Corporation. The venture was short-lived with the factory closing in 1931.

Production rights to the Eaglet later went to American Eaglecraft who produced three examples from 1940–1947 and rebuilt further aircraft of this design.

Operational history
The various models of the Eaglet were flown prewar by private owner pilots. Approximately 12 original aircraft were in existence in 2001, of which some were still airworthy.

An improved variant of the Eaglet called the Rearwin Junior, was designed by former Eagle employee Doug Webber and went into a limited production in 1931.

Variants
 Eaglet 230  30 h.p. Szekely SR-3;
 Eaglet 231  40 h.p. Salmson AD-9 (2 modified from model 230); 
 Eaglet A-31  50 h.p. Continental A-50;
 Eaglet B-31 & B-32  45 h.p. Szekely SR-3; (B-32 had minor control modifications)

Specifications (Eaglet 230)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 Simpson, Rod. Airlife's World Aircraft. Ramsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing Ltd., 2001. .
 Underwood, John W. "The reluctant Eagle of skid row." Air Progress, June 1968, pp. 46–47, 62–63.

External links

 Details of Eaglet models at aerofiles.com
 Picture and specifications for Eaglet B-31

1930s United States civil utility aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1930
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Bristol Hydro no.120. The Hydro no.120 was a Romanian-designed two-seat, single-engine biplane configured as a single-float seaplane. Built by Bristol in 1913, it was lost on its first flight.

Development
The Romanian aircraft designer Henri Coandă joined the British and Colonial Aeroplane Company, as Bristol was then known, in January 1912. The following January he designed a two-seat, single-engine single-float biplane. It was begun as a private venture but was purchased subject to acceptance trials by the Admiralty. As it turned out, the aircraft did not survive long enough to undertake these trials. It received no Bristol type name at the time and as a pre-First World War type, it did not get a retrospective Type number in 1923. For that reason it is usually referred to by its Bristol construction number, 120, or as the Hydro no.120.

It was a single-bay biplane with unswept and unstaggered wings. The circular-section fuselage was mounted between the wings with a gap below and unusual framed struts above at the centre section. The observer's cockpit was between these frames, the pilot sitting at the wing trailing edge. The 80 hp (60 kW) Gnome rotary engine was enclosed in a close-fitting aluminium cowling. The fuselage tapered to the tail, which in typical Coandă style comprised a nearly semicircular fixed horizontal stabiliser with a single elevator, plus a balanced rudder without a fixed fin. There was a single wide mahogany float built by Oscar Gnosspelius, with a pair of water rudders at its rear. Two streamlined cylindrical wingtip floats provided lateral stability.

No. 120's career was very brief. After several days on the water at Cowes for tests, the Gnosspelius float became waterlogged and heavy. It was therefore replaced by a lightweight, purpose-built Consuta float from Saunders and Company of Cowes. On 15 April 1913, Harry Busteed took off successfully, only for the closely cowled engine to overheat and lose power. The subsequent heavy emergency landing destroyed the float, and the aircraft—though not its pilot—was lost.

Specifications

References

1910s British military aircraft
Floatplanes
Hydro no.120
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Rotary-engined aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1913
Mecklenburg G 4.2. The Mecklenburg Class G 4.2 operated by the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Friedrich-Franz Railway was a goods train, steam locomotive with a compound engine. It was procured between 1901 and 1905 from Henschel and Linke
based on the Prussian G 4.2 prototype. A total of five machines were built for Mecklenburg. It was planned that they would be taken over by the Deutsche Reichsbahn and were to have been given numbers 53 401 to 53 405 according to the 1923 provisional DRG renumbering plan. But they were retired by 1924 before the final plan was issued.

The vehicles were equipped with a Hartmann steam brake and had inside Allan valve gear. The engines were able to haul a  train on an incline of 1:300 at .

In 1920 a G 4.2 was transferred from Prussia to Mecklenburg. It was given running no. 406 and would have become DRG 53 451.

See also 
 Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg Friedrich-Franz Railway
 List of Mecklenburg locomotives

References 

0-6-0 locomotives
G04.2
C n2v locomotives

de:Preußische G 4.2#G 4.2 bei der Mecklenburgischen Friedrich-Franz-Eisenbahn
Freight locomotives
Carbon nanotube quantum dot. A carbon nanotube quantum dot (CNT QD) is a small region of a carbon nanotube in which electrons are confined.

Formation

A CNT QD is formed when electrons are confined to a small region within a carbon nanotube. This is normally accomplished by application of a voltage to a gate electrode, dragging the valence band of the CNT down in energy, thereby causing electrons to pool in a region in the vicinity of the electrode. Experimentally this is accomplished by laying a CNT on a silicon dioxide surface, sitting on a doped silicon wafer. This can be done by chemical vapor deposition using carbon monoxide. The silicon wafer serves as the gate electrode. Metallic leads can then be laid over the nanotube in order to connect the CNT QD up to an electrical circuit.

Electronic structure

The CNT QD has interesting properties as a result of the strong correlation between the confined electrons. In addition to this the electrons possess orbital angular momentum, as is characteristic of CNT electrons. spin–orbit coupling has also been shown to be significant in these systems. These properties are often probed by connecting the nanotube to two metallic leads and measuring the conductance of the system.

Many-body systems

The CNT QD connected to metallic leads constitutes a genuine many-body system, due to the electron correlations. Therefore, Wilson's Numerical renormalization group is often used to study the CNT QD. The CNT QD is modelled as an Anderson-type model, which can be reduced by Schrieffer-Wolff transformation to an effective Kondo-type model at low temperature.

Other nanotube system
Similar mesoscopic devices have been constructed from elements other than carbon. So called copper nanotubes (CuNTs), developed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, are fabricated by closely aligning individual copper atoms on a surface.

See also
Cadmium-free quantum dot
Carbon nanotube
Carbon quantum dot
Graphene quantum dot
Optical properties of carbon nanotubes

Notes

Carbon nanotubes
Quantum dots
Storyspace. Storyspace is a software program for creating, editing, and reading hypertext fiction. It can also be used for writing and organizing fiction and non-fiction intended for print. Maintained and distributed by Eastgate Systems, the software is available both for Windows and Mac.

History
Storyspace was the first software program specifically developed for creating, editing, and reading hypertext fiction. It was created in the 1980s by Jay David Bolter, UNC Computer Science Professor John B. Smith, and Michael Joyce. Bolter and Joyce presented it to the first international meeting on Hypertext at Chapel Hill in October 1987.

Artistic and educational use
Several classics of hypertext literature were created using Storyspace, such as Afternoon, a story by Michael Joyce, Victory Garden by Stuart Moulthrop, Patchwork Girl by Shelley Jackson, and Figurski at Findhorn on Acid by Richard Holeton.

Storyspace has also been used extensively in secondary and tertiary education for teaching writing skills and critical thinking. It has been used for teaching creative writing in particular, and was especially popular in the early years of the web, when hypertext linking was less fluid and web pages had to be hand-coded in HTML. Proponents argue that Storyspace's visual maps of how hypertext nodes are connected allow students to focus on writing in hypertext rather than on technical issues, and that linking and/or visually juxtaposing ideas allows students to develop a visual logic.

See also
 Hypermedia

References

External links
 

Editing software
Electronic literature
Educational software
Hypertext
MacOS text-related software
Windows text-related software
Iron nitrides. Iron nitrides are inorganic chemical compounds of iron and nitrogen.

Chemical properties
Iron has five nitrides observed at ambient conditions, Fe2N, Fe3N4, Fe4N, Fe7N3 and Fe16N2. They are crystalline, metallic solids. Group 7 and group 8 transition metals form nitrides that decompose at relatively low temperatures—iron nitride, Fe2N decomposes with loss of molecular nitrogen at around 400 °C and formation of lower-nitrogen content iron nitrides. They are insoluble in water. At high pressure, stability and formation of new nitrogen-rich nitrides (N/Fe ratio equal or greater to one) were suggested and later discovered. These include the FeN, FeN2 and FeN4 solids which become thermodynamically stable above 17.7 GPa, 72 GPa and 106 GPa, respectively.

Health hazards
When heated to decomposition or exposed to humidity, iron nitride may emit toxic fumes of ammonia. It is considered a moderate explosion hazard. Inhalation of iron nitride dust or powder may cause irritation to the respiratory system and possibly acute iron poisoning or pneumoconiosis.

Research applications
Colloidal solution of magnetic iron nitride nanoparticles is a way to create ferrofluids.

Iron nitrides also make the strongest naturally magnetic material.

References

Iron compounds
Nitrides
Axum (programming language). Axum (previously codenamed Maestro) is a domain-specific concurrent programming language, based on the Actor model, that was under active development by Microsoft between 2009 and 2011. It is an object-oriented language based on the .NET Common Language Runtime using a C-like syntax which, being a domain-specific language, is intended for development of portions of a software application that is well-suited to concurrency. But it contains enough general-purpose constructs that one need not switch to a general-purpose programming language (like C#) for the sequential parts of the concurrent components.

The main idiom of programming in Axum is an Agent (or an Actor), which is an isolated entity that executes in parallel with other Agents. In Axum parlance, this is referred to as the agents executing in separate isolation domains; objects instantiated within a domain cannot be directly accessed from another. Agents are loosely coupled (i.e., the number of dependencies between agents is minimal) and do not share resources like memory (unlike the shared memory model of C# and similar languages); instead a message passing model is used. To co-ordinate agents or having an agent request the resources of another, an explicit message must be sent to the agent. Axum provides Channels to facilitate this.

Channels can be regarded as a directional pathway to communicate between agent instances. The member functions of a Channel object, after it has been bound to an agent instance, can be used to communicate with it. A Channel contains input and output ports, which are queues which are used to send data to an agent or receive data from one. To co-ordinate the communication between agents, Axum allows each channel to have a user-defined protocol for communication. The protocol is defined as a state machine. The data sent over a channel can be optionally restricted to conform to a certain pre-defined schema. The compiler and runtime will enforce the conformance with the schema. Under the hood, a schema is translated into a serializable .NET class that contains only properties and side effect-free methods.

The Axum project reached the state of a prototype with working Microsoft Visual Studio integration. Microsoft had made a CTP of Axum available to the public, but this has since been removed.
Although Microsoft decided not to turn Axum into a project, some of the ideas behind Axum are used in TPL Dataflow in .Net 4.5.

References

External links
Programmers' Guide

.NET programming languages
Object-oriented programming languages
Concurrent programming languages
Bart N. Locanthi. Bartholomew Nicholas Locanthi II  (White Plains, New York, 1919 – Glendale, California, January 9, 1994) was an audio engineer and leading expert in the US pro-audio industry in the 1970s and 1980s.

Education 
Bart Locanthi graduated from California Institute of Technology in 1947 with a B.S. degree in physics.

Career 
From 1947–1960, he mostly contributed to analog computers.

Locanthi became the Vice President of Engineering at JBL in 1960.
  
In the late 1960s, he developed the "T circuit", an output configuration for solid-state power amplifiers that became a standard in the industry. He received three US patents for his pioneering work on transistor amplifiers.

In 1975, he was named a Vice President of Pioneer North America Development.  While at Pioneer, he and his team of engineers designed the HPM-100 loudspeaker.  It was also at Pioneer that he was deeply involved in digital development during the early years of the compact disc.

Bart Locanthi was a Fellow of the Acoustical Society of America and the Audio Engineering Society (AES); he was awarded posthumously the AES Gold Medal in 1996. Locanthi was active in many AES affairs, he served as papers chairman for conventions, member of the Board of Governors, and served as president (1986–1987).

Personal life 
Locanthi married astronomer Dorothy N. Davis in 1943. They had two daughters and a son. He died on January 9, 1994, in Glendale, California, after a long battle with pancreatic cancer.

References

Further reading

1919 births
1994 deaths
JBL
California Institute of Technology alumni
American audio engineers
20th-century American engineers
Pad Abort-1. Pad Abort 1 (PA-1) was a flight test of the Orion Launch Abort System (LAS). PA-1 was the first test in a sequence of atmospheric flight tests known as Orion Abort Flight Test (AFT).

PA-1 tested the basic functionality of the launch abort concept from the pad in its preliminary Orion design configuration. It  used the former conformal shape of the LAS adapter. The Flight Test Article (FTA) vehicle differed from production Orion vehicles in a number of ways. For example, the FTA did not have a crew on board, and the avionics were a prototype of what is planned for production Orions.

The PA-1 test took place on 6 May 2010 at the U.S. Army's White Sands Missile Range in New Mexico. It was also the final flight done under the auspice of the Constellation program before it was cancelled.

Spacecraft location 
The Orion capsule used in the test is on display at the Virginia Air and Space Center in Hampton, Virginia.

Gallery

References

External links 

 Orion Pad Abort 1 Video Highlights at Vimeo – http://vimeo.com/11631855

Orion (spacecraft)
Constellation program missions
Test spaceflights
2010 in spaceflight
2010 in New Mexico
Flight abort
USS Mark. USS Mark (AG-143), was built as the Aircraft Repair variant, Design 427, of the Army FS types as FS-214 for use by the United States Army. She was built at Higgins Industries, New Orleans, Louisiana, completed in December 1944. The ship was designed with the well deck covered to provide shop space for the work of repairing aircraft by an embarked Aircraft Maintenance Unit (Floating).

The ship suffered a casualty when the ship's starboard engine exploded on 13 April 1945. Albert M. Boe, the civilian Chief Engineer, stayed at his post to shut down engines despite burns that were fatal. He was awarded the posthumous Merchant Marine Distinguished Service Medal. Later a ship was named in his honor.

Toward the close of the war the vessels were assigned names and the ship was renamed Colonel Raymond T. Lester, an Army Air Corps officer.

The ship was acquired by the United States Navy at Subic Bay, Philippine Islands, on 30 September 1947; and placed in service on 2 December 1947.

Service history
Mark served as a unit in the Subic–Sangley Ferry Service until reclassified AKL-12 on 13 March 1949. Then, as a light cargo ship attached to Service Force, 7th Fleet, she carried cargo and passengers to various units of that fleet operating in the Philippines area. The ship was placed 'Out of Service' in 1956, but continued operations out of Subic Bay.

With the escalation of U.S. Forces activities in Southeast Asia in 1963-64, the range of her resupply missions were extended to include frequent cruises to South Vietnam. As a result of these trips, she was placed in a commissioned status on 1 October 1965. For the next eight months she continued to operate from Subic Bay; but with each passing month, the length of her visits was increased. In June 1966 she commenced full-time operations in the combat area. In addition to supply missions the ship surveyed waters critical to operations in the Dinh River, Dong Nia River and Bassac River of the Mekong Delta. From 1966 to 1969 Mark, with only one interruption for overhaul, kept vital supplies moving from Saigon and Vung Tau to the riverine and coastal surveillance forces conducting operations Game Warden and Market Time.

On 1 July 1971 Mark was transferred to Taiwan where she served in the Republic of China Navy as the intelligence gathering ship Yung Kang (AKL 514). She was sold outright on 1 May 1976.

Notes

References

External links

Design 427 coastal freighters
Ships built in New Orleans
1944 ships
Ships of the United States Army
World War II auxiliary ships of the United States
Cargo ships of the United States Navy
Cold War auxiliary ships of the United States
Vietnam War auxiliary ships of the United States
Ships transferred from the United States Navy to the Republic of China Navy
Auxiliary ships of the Republic of China Navy
Paumier MP2 Baladin. The Paumier MP2 Baladin is a French-built light sporting aircraft of the 1960s.

Design and construction

The MP2 Baladin was designed and constructed by Maurice Paumier. The two-seat side-by-side design was advanced for its day amongst amateur constructors, as it featured such refinements as a variable-pitch airscrew, landing flaps and a retractable tricycle undercarriage.

The aircraft possessed an exceptionally clean finish, being of wooden construction with plywood- and fabric-covered wings and a plywood-covered fuselage. These features enabled the Baladin to attain a maximum speed of 158 mph on a 90 h.p. engine. A one-piece all-moving tailplane is employed, and a feature of the design is the large wingtip endplate which slides rearward for access to the fuel filler pipe.

Operational history

The prototype MP2 Baladin F-PJKV has had a series of private owners since its first flight in early 1961.  It is currently (early 2009) operational from its base at Beauvais-Tille airport near Paris. A second example F-PPPC was built and initially based at Guyancourt aerodrome near Paris.

Specifications
(per Green, 1965, p. 59)

References
Notes

1960s French civil utility aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1961
Uneno Station. is a passenger railway station  located in the city of Kawanishi, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by the private transportation company Nose Electric Railway.

Lines
Uneno Station is served by the Myōken Line, and is located 7.1 kilometers from the terminus of the line at .

Station layout
The station consists of two opposed side platforms, connected by the station building. The east exit side of the station is on a hill, and there is a plaza in front of the station that is the same height as the ticket gates, and the bus terminal is on this side.
Barrier-free construction was completed in 2010, and elevators, multifunctional toilets, and two-level handrails were newly installed. Combined with the up and down escalators that have been installed on both platforms, it can be said that the station is the most barrier-free station on the Nose Electric Railway. Toilets are inside the ticket gates, and there is a waiting room under the escalator on the platform. There is a coffee shop as a tenant on the east exit side outside the ticket gate.
The effective length of both platforms is 8 cars, as it is a stop for the 8-car limited express Hinase Express. The southern end of the platform touches a tunnel (Uneno Tunnel). All trains operated by Nose Electric Railway, including the Nissei Express, stop at this station.

Adjacent stations

History
Uneno Station opened on November 3, 1923. It was relocated to its present location on May 19, 1974.

Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 7,705 passengers daily

Surrounding area
Hyogo Prefectural Route 721 Kawanishi Interchange Line

See also
List of railway stations in Japan

References

External links 

 Uneno Station official home page 

Railway stations in Hyōgo Prefecture
Stations of Nose Electric Railway
Railway stations in Japan opened in 1923
Kawanishi, Hyōgo