omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Edmonton aircraft bombing. On January 28, 1965 around 2:30 a.m., a man bombed three American warplanes being retrofitted at an airport in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Background
The United States Air Force had flown 112 aircraft to the Edmonton Industrial Airport, where they were to be repaired by Northwest Industries.

Although initial reports pointed out that 15 of the planes had run spy missions over post-Revolution China, the attack was said to be in protest of the Vietnam War. It is believed to have been one of the first attacks ever citing the involvement of the U.S. in the Vietnam War as its motive.

Attack
A security guard, Threnton James Richardson, was bound, gagged, and then shot with a rifle, when the perpetrator entered the airport.

Two F-84 jets were destroyed, and a third heavily damaged by the bombing.

Following the attack, an unemployed German immigrant, Harry Waldeman Freidrich Hubach, was arrested by police and charged with the murder of the security guard.

Hubach was found guilty and sentenced to hang. But upon appeal and a new trial he pleaded guilty to non-capital murder and was sentenced to life in prison. Released, he turned his life around, married and ran a successful business, before dying around 2005 in Kingston, Ontario.

References

1960s murders in Canada
1965 crimes in Canada
1965 murders in North America
Acts of sabotage
Canada and the Vietnam War
Crime in Edmonton
Deaths by firearm in Alberta
Far-left politics in Canada
Left-wing terrorism
History of Edmonton
Improvised explosive device bombings in Canada
Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War
Terrorist incidents in Canada in the 1960s
Terrorist incidents in North America in 1965
Vehicle bombings
AgentSpeak. AgentSpeak is an agent-oriented programming language. It is based on logic programming and the belief–desire–intention software model (BDI) architecture for (cognitive) autonomous agents. The language was originally called AgentSpeak(L), but became more popular as AgentSpeak, a term that is also used to refer to the variants of the original language.

History 
In 1996, Anand Rao created a logic-based agent programming language based on the BDI architecture and named it AgentSpeak(L). This became a highly cited paper in the multi-agent systems literature. In its original conception, AgentSpeak was an abstract agent programming language aimed to help the understanding of the relation between practical implementations of the BDI architecture such as procedural reasoning system (PRS) and the formalisation of the ideas behind the BDI architecture using modal logics.

Various authors contributed to the further formalisation of the AgentSpeak(L) language. In recent years, the language has been revived both in research and development. In terms of research, there has been work both on extensions of AgentSpeak as well as on formal verification of AgentSpeak programs using model checking. The language is also one of the most popular agent-oriented languages because of the development of the Jason platform.

AgentSpeak(L) is also the most prominent means for developing the solution for the Multi-Agent Programming Contest from the beginning of the competition up to the recent edition.

Example 
Hello World program in AgentSpeak(L), based on Jason://Belief indicating the message to print.
message("Hello World!").

//Initial goal
!start.

//Plan
+!start: message(M) <-
.print(M). //Internal action from Jason to print a message.

See also 
 Distributed multi-agent reasoning system

References

External links 
  is an interpreter for an extension of AgentSpeak.

Computer-related introductions in 1996
Agent-based programming languages
Tetramethylammonium chloride. Tetramethylammonium chloride is one of the simplest quaternary ammonium salts, with four methyl groups tetrahedrally attached to the central N. The chemical formula (CH3)4N+Cl− is often abbreviated further as Me4N+Cl−. It is a hygroscopic colourless solid that is soluble in water and polar organic solvents. Tetramethylammonium chloride is a major industrial chemical, being used widely as a chemical reagent and also as a low-residue bactericide in such processes as hydrofracking. In the laboratory, it has fewer synthetic chemical applications than quaternary ammonium salts containing longer N-alkyl substituents, which are used extensively as phase-transfer catalysts.

Preparation and laboratory uses
Tetramethylammonium chloride is efficiently produced by the reaction of trimethylamine and methyl chloride. 
N(CH3)3 + CH3Cl   →   N(CH3)4+Cl−

It is produced by the alkylation of ammonium chloride with dimethyl carbonate in the presence of an ionic liquid catalyst.

Except under extraordinary conditions, it is typically employed as a source of the inert counter cation Me4N+.  Similarly, it serves as a lipophilic precipitating agent.

In low concentrations, it is used in polymerase chain reactions to increase yields and specificity. It has been shown to enhance yields 5–10 fold at 60mM by stabilizing the AT base pairs.

Toxicity
LD50 = 25 mg/kg (mouse, i.p.); 40 mg/kg (mouse, s.c.); 50 mg/kg (rat, p.o.). Very toxic to aquatic organisms.

Diverse data on human exposure, environmental toxicology and environmentally-related chemistry is available through the NIH Toxnet database.

See also
 Quaternary ammonium cation
 Tetraethylammonium chloride
 Tetramethylammonium hydroxide
 Tetramethylammonium

References

Tetramethylammonium salts
Payne-Mortlock sailing canoe. The Payne–Mortlock Sailing Canoe is a 5.8m, two person, senior racing dinghy, rigged with a mainsail, jib and spinnaker. Designed in the mid-late 1940s by Alan Payne, (also known for designing the Australian America's Cup Challengers, Gretel and Gretel II), Bill Payne and Bryce Mortlock, the class has been sailed in Australia for over 50 years, and is one of the few senior classes that were designed within Australia.

The designers started work on designing a two-man sailing boat in 1938, completing the first vessel, "Willy's Canoe", in 1946. From there they increased the size of the hull, and the new class was introduced into Victoria through the Hobsons Bay Yacht Club. Subsequently, the class traveled to South Australia in the 1950s and was employed as one of four recognised classes that were being raced at the Brighton & Seacliff Yacht Club. Today the Brighton & Seacliff Yacht Club is the only place in Australia where regular races are still held.

The canoe was based on Uffa Fox's Brynhild design, and possesses a sleek hull with two hiking planks.

References

External links 

Brighton and Seacliff Yacht Club

Dinghies
Rhodium(IV) oxide. Rhodium(IV) oxide (or rhodium dioxide) is the chemical compound with the formula RhO2.

Chemical properties
RhO2 is highly insoluble even in hot aqua regia.

Structure
RhO2 has the tetragonal rutile structure.

Physical properties
RhO2 has metallic resistivity with values <10−4 Ohm·cm. It transforms in air to Rh2O3 at 850 °C and then to metal and oxygen at 1050 °C.

See also
 Rhodium

References

Transition metal oxides
Rhodium compounds
Electric Car Corporation. The Electric Car Corporation plc was an electric car manufacturer and dealer based in Mayfair, London with an assembly plant in Flitwick, Bedfordshire. It made and sold the Citroën C1 ev'ie, an electric car adapted from the Citroën C1. The car was first released on 30 April 2009 with a list price of £16,850 ($24,989 US).
The company was dissolved in 2012.

The company was dissolved in 2012. Starting with a complete vehicle, The Electric Car Corporation removed components from the new car such as the petrol engine, transmission and other unnecessary parts. These were sold to the motor trade to offset some of the price of the initial new vehicle purchase.

Board of directors
Its board of directors comprised:
David Martell (secretary and 98% shareholder), the founder of Trafficmaster.
Robert Williams (2% shareholder), a former Trafficmaster director.

References

External links
Electric Car Corporation website

Car manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Electric vehicle manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Motor vehicle manufacturers based in London
Flitwick
Citroën
PC/TCP Packet Driver. PC/TCP Packet Driver is a networking API for MS-DOS, PC DOS, and later x86 DOS implementations such as DR-DOS, FreeDOS, etc. It implements the lowest levels of a TCP/IP stack, where the remainder is typically implemented either by terminate-and-stay-resident drivers or as a library linked into an application program. It was invented in 1983 at MIT's Lab for Computer Science (CSR/CSC group under Jerry Saltzer and David D. Clark), and was commercialized in 1986 by FTP Software.

A packet driver uses an x86 interrupt number (INT) between  The number used is detected at runtime, it is most commonly 60h but may be changed to avoid application programs which use fixed interrupts for internal communications. The interrupt vector is used as a pointer (4-bytes little endian) to the address of a possible interrupt handler.  If the null-terminated ASCII text string "PKT DRVR" is found within the first 12-bytes -- more specifically in bytes 3 through 11 -- immediately following the entry point then a driver has been located.

Packet drivers can implement many different network interfaces, including Ethernet, Token Ring, RS-232, Arcnet, and X.25.

Functions

Drivers 

WinPKT is a driver that enables use of packet drivers under Microsoft Windows that moves around applications in memory.

W3C507 is a DLL to packet driver for the Microsoft Windows environment.

Support for Ethernet alike network interface over  (using 8250 UART), CSLIP, , IPX, Token Ring, LocalTalk, ARCNET.

See also 
 Crynwr Collection - alternative free packet driver collection
 Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS) - developed by Microsoft and 3Com, free wrappers
 Open Data-Link Interface (ODI) - developed by Apple and Novell
 Universal Network Device Interface (UNDI) - used by Intel PXE
 Uniform Driver Interface (UDI) - defunct
 Preboot Execution Environment - network boot by Intel, widespread

References 

Device drivers
Computer networks engineering
E (1970s text editor). E is a text editor originally developed at the Stanford AI Lab in the 1970s for the WAITS operating system.

E was one of the first WYSIWYG editors. Richard Stallman visited the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Lab in 1976 and was quite impressed by this technology. Carl Mikkelsen had previously implemented a similar hack to the TECO text editor, adding a combined display+editing mode called "Control-R".

References

External links 
 « Essential E by Arthur Samuel », Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, March 1980.

Text editors
History of software
Estidama. Estidama is a building design methodology for constructing and operating buildings and communities more sustainably.  The program is a key aspect of the "Abu Dhabi Vision 2030" drive to build the Abu Dhabi emirate according to innovative green standards.  "Estidama" is the Arabic word for sustainability. The program is not itself a green building rating system like LEED or BREEAM, but rather a collection of ideals that are imposed in an elective building code type of format.

Within Estidama, however is a green building rating system called the Pearl Rating System that is utilized to evaluate sustainable building development practices in Abu Dhabi.

The Estidama program is mandatory in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates - all buildings must achieve a minimum 1 Pearl Rating, and all government-funded buildings must achieve a minimum 2 Pearl Rating.

References

External links 
 Comparing Estidama’s Pearls Rating System to LEED and BREEAM via Carboun

Sustainable building
Sustainable building rating systems
Basin Focal Projects. The Basin Focal Projects (BFPs) are a set of CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and Food projects aimed at identifying and catalyzing the implementation of strategic interventions to enhance human and ecological well-being through increases in river basin and local level water productivity.

Overview

The Projects provide strategic research that links project and basin activities with the global demand for improved agricultural water productivity. They do this by analyzing conditions in ten river basins under six work packages.

Phase I projects commissioned in 2005 include basins of the Mekong, Karkheh, Volta and the Sao Francisco. These four projects have reached completion. They produced valuable insights about the specific nature of the food and water crisis in basins.
Phase II projects commissioned in 2008 include basins of Indo-Ganges, Andean system of basins, Nile, Niger, Yellow River and the Limpopo and run through 2009.

Research projects are led by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Australia (CSIRO), University of California, Davis (UC-Davis), Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), International Water Management Institute (IWMI), Agricultural Research Council of South Africa (ARC) and are supported by FANRPAN,  International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and King's College London (KCL).

Methodology

BFP analyses are grouped into six work packages: 
water poverty,
water availability,
water productivity,
institutional analysis,
intervention analysis and
knowledge management.

Problems of water, food and poverty are explored by asking the following kinds of questions:

To what extent is water scarce?
To what extent is water scarcity and access a cause of poverty?
Who gets access to water and who does not?
How are such decisions made?
How efficiently is water used?
How can it be used more efficiently?
How can water related interventions (policy changes, institutional innovations, new technologies) help improve food security, livelihood resilience and ecosystem services?
What are the consequences (for different water users and uses at different scales) of introducing different kinds of changes?

References

External links 
 Andean Project
 Basin Focal Project: The Indus-Gangetic River Basin – International Water Management Institute

International sustainable development
Agricultural research
Mutoh Europe nv. Mutoh Europe nv is a business unit of Mutoh Holdings Co. Ltd.

Business Summary
Established August 1990
Located in Ostend, Belgium
Core business: digital desktop and Wide-format printer (waterbased UV, UV & MP, Sign & Display, Sublimation), sign cutting Plotters and CAD
Sales, marketing, distribution, logistics, after-sales support and service
Europe, Middle-East and Africa

Mutoh Europe Company Background
	1987 : Mutoh Deutschland GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
	1992 : Local Manufacturing pencil Plotters and scribers at Mutoh Belgium
	1994 : Introduction cutting plotters
	1997 : Introduction of Falcon RJ-800 CAD printers
	1999 : Introduction of Albatros PJ-1304 solvent printers
	2001 : Factory extension phase 2
	2002 : Introduction of eco-solvent printers
	2004 : Factory extension phase 3
	2005 : Introduction mild solvent printers
	2006 : i² - Intelligent Interweaving technology
	2008 : Zephyr UV printer
	2008 : Acquisition of Sesoma & Sericomex Group
	2009 : Introduction Kona cutting plotters
	2010 : Expansion textile / sublimation portfolio
	2011 : Introduction of a new series of garment pattern marking / cutting plotters, called Kona Apparel
   2011 : Mutoh Europe announces the layoff of 124 employees; 45 employees will remain. 
   2012 : Extended ValueJet line for Sign & Display, Indoor & Digital Transfer and Direct Textile applications
	2013 : Introduction ValueCut cutting plotters
   2013 : Introduction ValueJet 1617H (Mutoh's first Sign & Display printer equipped with white inks)
   2014 : Introduction ValueJet 1638X & ValueJet 1638WX with DropMaster technology
   2014 : Introduction ValueJet LED UV printers (ValueJet 426UF & ValueJet 1626UH)
   2015 : Mutoh & Grafityp obtain Indoor Air Comfort certificate (First pan-European low emission certificate for digitally printed self-adhesive film)
   2018 : Introduction PerformanceJet flatbed LED UV printer
   2019 : Introduction XpertJet printers
   2020 : Introduction VerteLith RIP software
   2022 : Introduction XpertJet Pro printers

External links
Mutoh Europe nv website
Mutoh Japan website

Computer printer companies
Computer companies of Japan
Computer hardware companies
Electronics companies of Japan
Engineering companies of Japan
Japanese brands
List of software for nuclear engineering. With the decreased cost and increased capabilities of computers, Nuclear Engineering has implemented computer software (Computer code to Mathematical model) into all facets of this field. There are a wide variety of fields associated with nuclear engineering, but computers and associated software are used most often in design and analysis. Neutron kinetics, thermal-hydraulics, and structural mechanics are all important in this effort. Each software needs to be tested and verified before use. The codes can be separated by use and function. Most of the software are written in C and Fortran.

Monte Carlo Radiation Transport
Geant4 (CERN)
McCARD (KAIST)
MCNP (LANL)
OpenMC
PHITS (JAEA)
SCALE (KENO V and KENO VI) (ORNL)
Serpent (VTT)
TRIPOLI-4 (CEA)

Transmutation, fuel depletion

ACAB code Activation and transmutation calculations for nuclear applications
ORIP_XXI code  Isotope transmutation simulations
ORILL Code 1D transmutation, fuel depletion (burn-up) and radiological protection code
FISPACT-II Multiphysics, inventory and source-term code
MURE Serpent-MCNP utility for Reactor Evolution
VESTA Monte Carlo depletion interface code

Reactor Systems Analysis

Particle Accelerators and High Voltage Machines

Magnetic Fusion Research

Toolkit

PyNE  The Nuclear Engineering Toolkit

Deterministic Radiation Transport

CASMO5 (Studsvik)
HELIOS-2 (Studsvik)
SCALE (ORNL)
MPACT (ORNL)
THOR
nTRACER (Seoul National University)

Steady-state Reactor Analysis

SIMULATE5

Spatial Kinetics

PARCS
SIMULATE-3K
NESTLE

Thermal-Hydraulics
ATHLET (GRS, Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit) 
TRACE (NRC)
SPACE (KEPCO) 
RELAP5-3D (Idaho National Laboratory)
GOTHIC (Numerical Advisory Solutions)
CATHARE (CEA)
FLICA-4 (CEA)
RETRAN (RETRAN-02 and RETRAN-3D)
VIPRE-01
PROTO-FLO
PROTO-HX
PROTO-HVAC
PROTO-Sprinkler

Computational Fluid Dynamics

CFX (ANSYS)
FLUENT (ANSYS)
StarCD (Siemens)
STAR-CCM+ (Siemens)
LOGOS
COBRA-TF
TransAT
code_saturne (EDF)
neptune_cfd (EDF)
Trio_CFD (CEA)

Severe Accident

ATHLET-CD (GRS)
MELCOR (Sandia National Laboratories)
MAAP (EPRI)
ASTEC (IRSN and GRS)

Many codes are supported by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). These include SCALE, PARCS, TRACE (Formerly RELAP5 and TRAC-B), MELCOR, and many others.

http://www.nrc.gov/about-nrc/regulatory/research/safetycodes.html

See also
Safety code (nuclear reactor)
Computational science
Computational physics
Computer simulation
List of software for nanostructures modeling

References

External links
 http://www.min.uc.edu/nuclear/current_research/sinema-research/codes-of-interest
 https://www.nrc.gov/about-nrc/regulatory/research/safetycodes.html
 http://www.oecd-nea.org/tools/abstract/list
 http://www.ne.anl.gov/codes/
 http://www.irsn.fr/EN/Research/Scientific-tools/Computer-codes/Pages/Computer-codes-2624.aspx
 https://www.oecd-nea.org/tools/abstract/list/category/*
Nuclear technology 
Physics software
AEU (disambiguation). AEU is the Australian Education Union, a current trade union in Australia.

AEU may also refer to:
 Advanced European Union, a fictional body of Mobile Suit Gundam 00 characters
 Akeu language
 Album-equivalent unit, a measurement unit equivalent the purchase of one album copy in the music industry
 Amalgamated Engineering Union, a former trade union in Great Britain
 Amalgamated Engineering Union (Australia), a former Australian trade union
 American Ethical Union

Aviation
 IATA airport code for Abu Musa Airport in Hormozgan Province, Iran
Cyberdyne Inc.. Cyberdyne is a Japanese robotics and technology company most noted for the marketing and distribution of the HAL robotic exoskeleton suit.

History
Cyberdyne was founded on June 24, 2004, by Yoshiyuki Sankai, a professor at the University of Tsukuba. as a venture company to develop his ideas for an exoskeleton suit.

The name is the same as a fictional company from the Terminator film series, which also produces robots. The name, however, is not necessarily a reference, but from the new academic fields of "Cybernetics", and the suffix "-dyne", referring to power. That being said, during an interview between Sankai and McG, director of Terminator Salvation, Sankai admits that he likes the Terminator franchise as well as 2001: A Space Odyssey.

In early 2009, Cyberdyne attracted international media attention with the announcement that it would be marketing and distributing the HAL 5 (Hybrid Assistive Limb) powered exoskeleton, which they claim augments body movement and increases user strength by up to ten times. As of February 2013, Cyberdyne has leased 330 HAL suits to 150 facilities across Japan, and HAL has been given a global safety certification that should allow it to be distributed outside Japan.

In 2017 March, Abdul Latif Jameel of Saudi Arabia signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Cyberdyne Inc. in order to assist the victims of traumatic spinal injuries in Saudi Arabia.

References

External links

Companies based in Ibaraki Prefecture
Japanese companies established in 2004
Technology companies established in 2004
Medical technology companies of Japan
Robotics companies of Japan
Japanese brands
Companies listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange
Krah. The Krah Group is a German medium-sized, family-run company producing electronic components. Started in Drolshagen, Germany, in 1970 with 20 employees, the company grew to become the world market leader for resistors in the automotive industry with currently 2,000 employees in 16 sites across Europe, Asia and the Americas.

The German Krah GmbH does production and installation of pipe production plants for plastic pipe in diameters up to 4000 mm. Currently, it is headquartered in Schutzbach, Germany.

History
The family-owned company has a 40-year history rooted in a small engineering company specializing in the design of small machines and tools, founded by Karl-Heinz Krah in 1968 in Westerwald. Over time, the company has developed from a small workshop and "one man show" to a worldwide manufacturer of specialized machines in pipe production plants for big diameters of non pressure plastic pipes, as well as plastic pressure pipes. The company is still family-managed, currently by Alexander Krah, the youngest son of Karl-Heinz Krah. The company has production facilities in Spain, Croatia, Germany, Argentina, USA, Kuwait, Oman and Mexico. In 2007 an Arab investor injected money in cash for a 50% share in the company. The remaining shares are held equally by Karl-Heinz Krah and Alexander Krah.

In 2008 the Krah pipe manufacturer (Krah Pipe Systems) in Greenwood/USA set up the world's first plant for large diameter helical extrusion pipes, ranging up to  for municipal water.

References

External links
 Krah Pipes GmbH & Co. KG on "German Pavilion", the official joint booth of German companies at trade fairs worldwide

Manufacturing companies of Germany