omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Calderdale Industrial Museum. Calderdale Industrial Museum is a museum in the town of Halifax, West Yorkshire, England, dedicated to the industrial heritage of the area. The museum contains a number of working machines built between 1850 – 1930 all of which were either built or used in Halifax.

The museum was initially opened in 1987 and received funding and support from Calderdale Metropolitan Council, although the museum and concept were leased to a private trust in February 2014. The museum was closed for renovation until September 2017.

The museum is run by the volunteers of Calderdale Industrial Museum Association and receives no direct funding. It is currently open every Saturday from 10:00 till 16:00. An entry fee is charged to cover the every day overheads and current development projects.

References

External links

 

History museums in West Yorkshire
Museums in Halifax, West Yorkshire
Industry museums in England
Kwong-Chai Chu. Kwong-Chai Chu (; 12 December 1901 – 22 April 1992) was a Chinese hydraulic engineer, who received his CIE (Chinese Institute of Engineers) Award in 1947 for "his flood control engineering dealing with the unruly and turbulent Yellow River".

Biography 
According to an introduction in a book by Kwoh-Ting Li, former finance minister (1969-1976) of the Republic of China  (p. 587):

"Mr. Kwong-Chai Chu was born in Xichuan County, Henan, and graduated from the Department of Civil Engineering, Tongji University and subsequently Technische Universität Dresden (TUD) ... He had served as the Director of the Engineering Bureau since July 1946 for the restoration of the levees of the Yellow River near Huayuankou."

Legacy 
Several scholarships has been established under his name in several institutions, such as the Chinese Institute of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering (CICHE), Cheng Kung Cultural Foundation as well as National Cheng Kung University.

References 

1901 births
1992 deaths
Chinese civil engineers
Hydraulic engineers
Taiwanese people from Henan
People from Nanyang, Henan
Engineers from Henan
Tongji University alumni
TU Dresden alumni
Chinese expatriates in Germany
The Fable of Oscar. The Fable of Oscar is a fable proposed by John L. Pollock in his book How to Build a Person () to defend the idea of token physicalism, agent materialism, and strong AI. It ultimately illustrates what is needed for an Artificial Intelligence to be built and why humans are just like intelligent machines.

Fable
Once in a distant land there lived a race of Engineers. They have all their physical needs provided by the machines they have invented. One of the Engineers decide that he will create an "intelligent machine" that is much more ingenious than the more machines, in that it can actually sense, learn, and adapt to its environment as an intelligent animal.

Oscar I

The first version of the machine is called "Oscar I". It has pain sensors and "fight-or-flight" responses build within to help it survive hostile environment. In this stage Oscar I is much like the machines Hilary Putnam considers in 1960.

Oscar II 

In order for Oscar I to avoid damages in hostile environment, it must not only be able to respond to its pain sensors but also predict what is likely to happen based on its generalization of its pain sensor activations. Therefore, a "pain sensor sensor" was built to sense its pain sensors, thus giving it a rudimentary self-awareness. In this stage Oscar I is much like an amoeba as Oscar II like a worm. Amoebas respond to pain while worms learn to avoid it.

Oscar III

The problem with Oscar II is that it has no conception if the environment is fooling him. For example, he can't distinguish if a machine-eating tiger and a mirror image of such tiger. To solve such problem,  "introspective sensors" were built into Oscar II and made him "Oscar III". Oscar III can now sense the operation of its own sensors and form generalization about its reliability, thus acquired a higher degree of self-awareness. In this stage Oscar II is much like a bird as Oscar III a kitten. Kittens quickly learn about mirror image and come to ignore them while birds go on attacking their own reflection until they become exhausted.

Mind/Body Problem

Consider a world populated by Oscarites. If the Oscarites are sufficiently intelligent, it can philosophizing the difference between their outward physical state and inward mental state. While we, from our perspective, describe the Oscarites as sensing the operation of their perceptual sensors, they describe it as they are "being self-aware and being conscious".

Conclusion

In the end of the fable Pollock states that while the Engineers are fictional, Oscar is real and we are in fact the Oscarites.

See also
Mind–body problem
Robot

External links
 http://johnpollock.us/ftp/OSCAR-web-page/oscar.html
 http://philpapers.org/rec/POLOAC

References

Artificial intelligence
Behavior authoring. Behavior authoring is a technique that is widely used in crowd simulations and in simulations and computer games that involve multiple autonomous or non-player characters (NPCs). There has been growing academic and industry interest in the behavioral animation of autonomous actors in virtual worlds. However, it remains a considerable challenge to author complicated interactions between multiple actors in a way that balances automation and control flexibility.

Several varieties of behavior authoring systems have been created.

The BML Sequencer and Smartbody 
Behavior Markup Language (BML) is a tool for describing autonomous actor behavior in simulations and computer games. SmartBody is a framework for animation of artificial intelligence conversation agents to provide a more lifelike simulation. Combining both of these concepts, the BML sequencer is a tool to allow artists to create SmartBody compliant BML animation sequences for multiple virtual humans. SmartBody allows for complex behavior realization, synchronizing speech recordings with non-verbal behaviors by using the Behavior Markup Language (BML). However, there remain two problems for using BML and SmartBody to achieve the vision that an artist has for animating the character: the authoring problem and multi-party behavior synchronization. The BML Sequencer addresses both.

Behavior authoring in real-time strategy games 
Behavior authoring for computer games consists of first writing the behaviors in a programming language, iteratively refining these behaviors, testing the revisions by executing them, identifying new problems and then refining the behaviors again.

References 

Simulation
Crowds
Brian Mushimba. Brian C. Mushimba is a politician who was in Zambia's cabinet under President Edgar Lungu. He was born in Mufulira, Zambia and was an engineer before entering parliament, representing Kankoyo Constituency in Mufulira District.

Career

After graduating from the University of Arizona Mushimba worked as an electrical controls engineer in Atlanta, Georgia, USA, and then in Zambia.  After that he was Technical Director for Eskom, the state electricity utility of South Africa, and finally for a few months he was Regional Executive for the African market for the Norwegian power company SN Power, before he won a parliamentary seat from Kankoyo in the 2016 general elections. He subsequently was appointed to the cabinet.

Personal life

He is married to Brenda Mushimba, a medical doctor, and they have two sons.

References

Living people
Members of the National Assembly of Zambia
1974 births
Transport ministers of Zambia
Zambian engineers
People from Mufulira
University of Zambia alumni
University of Arizona alumni
InfraKit. InfraKit is an open-source project that is part of the larger Docker application container software project. The project was formally announced for Docker by its creator Solomon Hykes at the Linuxcon EU 2016 event. InfraKit was originally called 'libmachete' and was renamed by Docker developers in October 2016.

According to the project's GitHub description, InfraKit is a toolkit for creating and managing declarative, self-healing infrastructure. InfraKit consists of several core elements which include, instances, groups and flavors. Groups are collections of instances while flavors are specific groups built for a certain purpose. The InfraKit model works as a set of plugins that can be used to monitor Docker infrastructure. In the event of a failure or a node falling out of a set policy, the self-healing element of InfraKit enables remediation.

References

External links
 Docker Debuts Infrakit Open Source Toolkit for Self-Healing Infrastructure 
 Introducing InfraKit, an open source toolkit for creating and managing declarative, self-healing infrastructure
 Docker emits InfraKit to wrangle containers on competing clouds

Free software programmed in Go
Software using the Apache license
Virtualization software for Linux
Benjamin Adler. Benjamin Adler (10 November 1903 – 16 April 1990) was an American electrical engineer and inventor who helped develop the first commercial television set. He was born in New York City to Romanian Jewish immigrants. He graduated from the-now New York University Tandon School of Engineering.

References

1903 births
1990 deaths
American people of Romanian-Jewish descent
Polytechnic Institute of New York University alumni
American electrical engineers
20th-century American engineers
20th-century American inventors
Malumpos Malware. Malumpos is a point of sale malware that are designed to steal or scrape customer’s credit and debit card detail from point of sale system. These are designed in a way that it records point of sale’s data which is running in an Oracle MICROS payment system of the restaurant. The collected data has been used in 333,000 customer sites around the world. Malumpos Malware targets hotels and other US businesses and put the retail customers at risk. This POS RAM Scraper is written in the Delphi programming language. Malumpos monitors, processes, scrapes the stolen data of the infected POS system and the RAM. First it stores the stolen credit or debit card details of the customer from the infected point of sale system once it is swiped. Then it sends the data to the cybercriminal to empty the customer bank balance or the details are sold to the black market.

How Malumpos gets Installed

Much like the other point of sale malware, the Malumpos get into the computer unknowingly and conceals its identity as Nvidia Display Driver or Nvidia Display Driv3r. This malware appears to be legitimate software to the victims because all the peripherals function correctly. This malware infects Oracle MICROS, Oracle Forms, Shift4 systems and systems accessed via Internet Explorer.

See also
 Point of sale
 Cyber security standards
 List of cyber attack threat trends
 Cyber electronic warfare
 Point-of-sale malware
 Malware

References 

Windows trojans
Pascal (programming language) software
Washita Basin Project. The Washita Basin Project is a project in the U.S. state of Oklahoma.  The project provides a municipal and industrial water supply to seven Oklahoma towns. The project also provides over 3,500 acres of land and 7,300 acres of water surface for recreation and provides over 6,300 acres of land and over 5,500 acres of water surface for wildlife management, including the Washita National Wildlife Refuge.

History 
Investigations by the United States Bureau of Reclamation began in 1945 to create a plan to address the basin's water supply problems and needs with further land and water resources development. Surveys were then conducted in 1946 and 1951 to determine what form of improvement was needed. The project was authorized in 1956 and work began on both the Foss Reservoir and the Fort Cobb Reservoir in 1958. The Fort Cobb Dam was completed in 1959 and the Foss Dam in 1961. Construction on the aqueduct for the Foss Reservoir lasted from 1960 to 1962 and on the Anadarko (Fort Cobb) aqueduct from 1958 to 1961.

Facilities 
 Fort Cobb Reservoir
 Foss Reservoir

References 

 

United States Bureau of Reclamation
Water in Oklahoma
China Aerospace Museum. The China Aerospace Museum () is a museum in Fengtai District, Beijing. It highlights the technologies of the Chinese Space Program. The museum has an area of more than 10,000 square meters. The museum was founded in October 1992. The museum has not been rated.

China Space Museum is 3 floors with a  of dedicated exhibition halls open to the general public.

On display at the two hall are:

 Carrier rockets
 Manned spacecraft
 Satellites
 Moon exploration apparatus 
 Section dedicate to China's space industry

References

External links 
 

Museums in Beijing
Aerospace museums in China
Technical Construction Archive (Albania). The Central Technical Construction Archive (AQTN) was established on July 26, 1993 in Tirana, Albania. It gathered technical construction projects of former institutes (ISP, N.GJ.GJ, ISPUK, ISPUN, ISPU) which belonged to Albania's former Ministry of Construction fund, materials from the Municipality of Tirana and KRRTSH decisions. AQTN's documentary archive has over 45,000 files and 556,000 pages, with the first document dating back to 1911 "Reconstruction of Buna Bridge". The main task of the archive is to preserve, maintain and manage the technical documentation in the field of construction to meet the requirements of private and public entities for technical documentation at its disposal.

See also
 List of archives in Albania

References

Archives in Albania
1993 establishments in Albania
Architecture in Albania
Construction standards
Technical communication
Government agencies established in 1993
Business and industry archives
Bangladesh Steel and Engineering Corporation. Bangladesh Steel and Engineering Corporation () or BSEC, is a government owned corporation in Bangladesh.

History 
Bangladesh Steel and Engineering Corporation was founded on 1 July 1976. It is in charge of Pragoti, which assembles Mahindra cars in Bangladesh. In 2016, it signed an agreement with Honda to assemble motorcycles in Bangladesh. It handed over its Dockyard and Engineering Works in Narayanganj and Chittagong Dry Dock Limited in Chattogram to Bangladesh Navy. Formerly owned Chittagong Dry Dock Limited build a six opening footbridge in Sylhet. It also owns GEMCO, a wire manufacturer, and National Tubes in Gazipur. Its headquarters is the BSEC building in Kawran Bazar, which also houses the headquarters of RTV, NTV and Amar Desh.

See also 
 Bangladesh Blade Factory Limited
 Bangladesh Machine Tools Factory

References

1976 establishments in Bangladesh
Government-owned companies of Bangladesh
Manufacturing companies based in Dhaka
Automotive industry in Bangladesh
ExPace. ExPace (ExPace Technology Corporation; also called CASIC Rocket Technology Company) is a Chinese state-owned space rocket company, based in Wuhan, Hubei, China. Its corporate compound is located at the Wuhan National Space Industry Base space industrial park. ExPace is a wholly owned subsidiary of missileer China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation (CASIC), a Chinese state-owned company, and serves as its commercial rocket division. ExPace is focused on small satellite launchers to low Earth orbit. ExPace was established in February 2016. ExPace was founded as a Chinese commercial launch vehicle company.

Kuaizhou launch vehicles 

ExPace's line of Kuaizhou (KZ; ) launch vehicles use solid rocket motors, thus being available all the time once built, without need to fuel the rockets. The Kuaizhou (Fast Vessel) launch vehicles are based on Chinese ASAT and BMD mid-course interceptor launch vehicles. Development on the KZ launch vehicles started in 2009. ExPace charges about US$10,000/kg for launches.

 Kuaizhou 1 (KZ-1): 
 to SSO; 
First launch: 25 September 2013; 

 Kuaizhou 1A:
 to LEO; 
First launch: 9 January 2017; 

 Kuaizhou 11 (KZ-11): 
 diameter;  payload fairing;  lift-off mass;  to LEO;  to SSO; US$10,000/kg; 
First launch: 10 July 2020.

Marketplace 
The first commercial space launch company in China, China Sanjiang Space Group Co., another subsidiary of CASIC, is planning it first launch for 2017, using ExPace's KZ-11 launch vehicle. The KZ-11 launch vehicle has launched but failed to reach orbit on 10 July 2020.

ExPace is in competition with several other Chinese space rocket startups, being LandSpace, Galactic Energy, LinkSpace, i-Space, OneSpace and Deep Blue Aerospace.

See also 

 LandSpace
 LinkSpace
 OneSpace

References

External links 
 

Aerospace companies of China
Commercial launch service providers
Companies based in Wuhan
Transport companies established in 2016
Chinese companies established in 2016
Data exhaust. Data exhaust or exhaust data is the trail of data left by the activities of an Internet or other computer system users during their online activity, behavior, and transactions. This is part of a broader category of unconventional data that includes geospatial, network, and time-series data and may be useful for predictive analytics. Every visited website, clicked link, and even hovering with a mouse is collected, leaving behind a trail of data. An enormous amount of often raw data are created, which can be in the form of cookies, temporary files, logfiles, storable choices, and more. This information can help to improve the online experience, for example through customized content. It can be used to improve tracking trends and studying data exhaust also improves the user interface and the layout design. On the other hand, they can also compromise privacy, as they offer a valuable insight into the user's habits. For example, as the world's most popular website, Google, uses this data exhaust to refine the predictive value of their products.

The data that is collected by companies is often information that does not seem immediately useful. Although the information is not used by the company right away, it can be stored for future use or sold to someone else who can use the information. The data can help with quality control, performance, and revenue. Unlike primary content, these data are not purposefully created by the user, who is often unaware of their very existence. A bank for example would consider as primary data information concerning the sums and parties of a transaction, whilst secondary data might include the percentage of transactions carried out at a cash machine instead of a real bank.

Medical exhaust data 
Most medical devices emit some form of exhaust data, such as many pacemakers, dialysis machines, and cameras used during surgery. The majority of this data is never captured, and is primarily abandoned after the surgery is completed, or the device makes its next routine check. Some issues have arisen regarding the use of the data captured by devices like pacemakers. This can lead to larger issues surrounding the use of this exhaust data. Using electronic health records (EMR) for research poses a large number of challenges, the most prevalent being the amount of data there is. This surplus of data is too much for people to sort through and analyze, thus creating a need for algorithms.

Solutions 
Although data exhaust is not a new concept, the ubiquity of Internet-enabled gadgetry has exacerbated the scope and impacts of our passive digital trail. The collection and distribution of data thus generated is not illegal, but there are steps that must be taken to ensure that the use of this data is ethical. In order to ensure privacy of users, when the information is sold it can be anonymized.  Also, users can be given the opportunity to opt-out of the selling of their information if they choose.  Lastly, to build trust, websites can update their privacy policies so that they include all the data they will be collecting about the user.

See also
Alternative data

References

Data management
Internet privacy
Reactorsaurus. Reactorsaurus is a robot designed to deconstruct the defunct nuclear reactor at Dounreay in Caithness where the conditions have become too dangerous to work in due to neutron activation.

Origin
The robot entered the design phase in 2008, soon after Dounreay Site Restoration Ltd (DSRL) began planning the site cleanup and facilities decommissioning (for more information on the recent history of the site cleanup, see here). Due to the nuclear contamination in the area, DSRL's goal was to create a "Reactor Dismantling Manipulator" capable of remote control for. DSRL outsourced engineers to design and model the robot, using 3D-modeling software from Imass with mechanical simulation software Autodesk Inventor and Ansys Design Space to hasten the testing process. Reactorsaurus' final version uses rails for locomotion and is fully remote-controlled, with multiple cameras and microphones to assist with navigation. It sports two extendable and retractable arms, each equipped with cameras and industrial cutting tools for precise demolition. With a total weight of 75 tonnes, the robot gained the nickname "Reactorsaurus" as news of its development circulated. Once completed, DSRL and its associated contractors used Reactorsaurus and other disposal tools to begin the deconstruction of the Prototype  Fast Reactor (PFR). The PFR's initial deconstruction phase was considered complete by 2013, and its total deconstruction has been projected to finish before 2025.

While the site cleanup has made significant progress, the Nuclear Decommissioning authority estimates that Dounreay will remain uninhabitable until the year 2333.

References

Individual robots
Next21. Next21 is a skyscraper in Niigata, Japan, that includes shopping and office facilities. The building is 128 meters (420 feet) tall and has 21 floors. It is located in Furumachi, one of Niigata's central business districts.

Objectives 
It is an experimental housing project consisting of 18 units, designed to reflect the lifestyle of urban households in the 21st century. The project was initiated by Osaka Gas Corporation in collaboration with the NEXT21 planning team, while the basic plan and design were developed by the NEXT21 Construction Committee. 

 Enhancing resource efficiency through systematized construction
 Offering a variety of residential units to meet the needs of different households
 Incorporating significant natural greenery within a high-rise building
 Establishing a wildlife habitat within an urban multi-family housing environment
 Managing waste and drainage on-site within the building
 Reducing the environmental impact of the building
 Utilizing energy efficiently, including the use of fuel cells
 Improving living comfort without increasing energy consumption.

Access
The Bandai-bashi Line BRT Furumachi bus stop (Stop No. 06) is in front of the building.

References

See also
 Bandai Bridge
 Toki Messe
 Niigata Nippo Media Ship

Office buildings completed in 1994
1994 establishments in Japan
Buildings and structures in Niigata (city)
Tourist attractions in Niigata Prefecture
Skyscraper office buildings in Japan
Retail buildings in Japan