omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
INT 16H. INT 16h, INT 0x16, INT 16H or INT 22 is shorthand for BIOS interrupt call 16hex, the 23rd interrupt vector in an x86-based computer system. 
The BIOS typically sets up a real mode interrupt handler at this vector that provides keyboard services. This interruption is responsible for control of the PC keyboard.

Features 

This interruption is responsible for obtaining basic keyboard functionality, i.e. is responsible for collecting the keystrokes, obtain the status of the buffer of keyboard, etc. The standard encoding of the keyboard that offers the INT 16 h is a US keyboard. To adapt the coding of the INT 16h to another type of keyboard (for example, an international keyboard), the code must analyze the scan-code of the key pressed, and then perform suitable interpreting.

For keyboards with 101 letters or more, there are some keys that INT 16h interprets as expanded keys, which have a scan-code that is different from normal keys (e.g., key pause).

List of services of the INT 16 h

INT 16h Detailed Function List

See also 
 BIOS
 PS/2 port

References

External links 
 explained and complete list of interrupt 16h

BIOS
Interrupts
Uncomputation. Uncomputation is a technique, used in reversible circuits, for cleaning up temporary effects on ancilla bits so that they can be re-used.

Uncomputation is a fundamental step in quantum computing algorithms. Whether or not intermediate effects have been uncomputed affects how states interfere with each other when measuring results.

The process is primarily motivated by the principle of implicit measurement, which states that discarding a register during computation is physically equivalent to measuring it. Failure to uncompute garbage registers can have unintentional consequences. For example, if we take the state   where  and  are garbage registers. Then, if we do not apply any further operations to those registers, according to the principle of implicit measurement, the entangled state has been measured, resulting in a collapse to either  or  with probability . What makes this undesirable is that wave-function collapse occurs before the program terminates, and thus may not yield the expected result.

References

Quantum information science
Breast milk jewelry. Breast milk jewelry or Breast milk jewellery (Commonwealth English) is jewellery made from pumped or expressed mother's breast milk as a keepsake often worn by the mother. Breast milk keepsakes come in various jewelry types such as rings, lockets, pendants and popular European style beads. Some pendants may be bezel set, locket set, made from only resin, or filled. Filled styles use a preserved breast milk and resin mix to fill holes or openings in jewelry pieces, usually Sterling Silver. Generally, the filled shapes are trees, leaves, or hearts representing love and life.

Various methods may be used to make the jewelry. To preserve and protect it, the piece may be covered in a clear resin or glaze. No matter the process used for preservation there seems to be a long and tedious process involved in creating the keepsakes, leading to long waits for order fulfillment. The long waits for order fulfillment have caused online speculation about the practice, even gaining media attention.

Origin 
In 2013 NBC New York published an article about the jewellery, mentioning two Etsy artists (from Rhode Island and South Carolina) that reportedly started the idea as early as 2007.

The first patented breast milk jewelry preservation process was introduced by the Polish company Milkies. Milkies developed an advanced proprietary preservation technique that ensures the long-term stability of breast milk keepsakes, setting a new standard in the industry. The company has gained international recognition for its high-quality craftsmanship and innovative designs.

Process 
After the purchase of a breast milk keepsake design the consumer sends their breast milk to the creator so the process can begin. Each creator likely uses a different trade process. In some methods it is believed that solvents or chemicals are added to assist the preservation. Other methods may include dehydrating, freeze drying, cooking down, or mixing breast milk with other media.

Once the preserved breast milk and resin mixture is ready, it is carefully poured into molds, or a bezel setting, to create the desired stone shape. The molds can be customized to create various designs like those found in traditional jewelry design, hearts, flowers, or abstract shapes. The mixture is left to cure and harden, which can take several hours or even days depending on the specific resin used.

See also
Galalith

References

Breast milk
Jewellery
Sanicro 28. Alloy 28 or Sanicro 28 (trade name) is an alloy of iron which contains nickel and chromium. It is a material often used to withstand corrosion from oxidation and rusting. It is especially resistant to sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid. They are typically used by natural gas and oil transportation, Nuclear fuel transportation, acid manufacturing and transportation services.

See also
 Stainless steel

References

Ferrous alloys
Carbon8 Aggregates. Carbon8 Aggregates Ltd is a British company which applies patented "accelerated carbonation technology" to solidify waste residues produced by the incineration of garbage. Carbon8's accelerated carbonation processes make the wastes of garbage incineration cheaper to dispose of and produce aggregates which can then be used as construction materials. Carbon8 aggregates claim to be the world's first carbon negative aggregates. In 2012, the University of Greenwich said that the processes commercialised by Carbon8 Aggregates and its affiliate Carbon8 Systems also had potential use in the management of nuclear wastes. As of 2015, Carbon8 Aggregates are producing aggregates at a facility in Brandon, Suffolk and another facility at Avonmouth near Bristol is under construction.

History 
Accelerated Carbonation Technology (ACT) was first developed by researchers working at UCL and the University of Greenwich. Research into the use of ACT in the treatment of municipal solid waste was received in 2002 and augmented with further industrial funding. Dr Colin Hills, Director of the Centre for Contaminated Land Remediation at the University of Greenwich' was responsible for patenting Accelerated Carbonation Technology (ACT). In 2006 the company Carbon8 Systems Ltd was created to commercialise the processes for waste treatment applications with the University of Greenwich retaining a "significant" stake in the new company. Hills became the Technical Director of Carbon8 Systems and chemical engineer Stefaan Simons became the company's Director of Engineering. Paula Carey became its Managing Director in 2007.

The commercial prospects of ACT attracted the interest of Grundon Waste Management, which subsequently invested millions of pounds in the establishment of a new company, Carbon8 Aggregates Ltd. The company was founded in May 2010 and the first location to commercially utilise Carbon8 technology was Grundon's energy-from-waste plant at Colnbrook. 

In 2012, an accelerated carbonation plant was commissioned in Brandon, Suffolk, beside Lignacite's masonry plant. A partnership between Carbon8 Aggregates Ltd and Lignacite Ltd resulted in the development of the Carbon Buster building block. The block was claimed by its inventors to be the first carbon-negative building material of its kind. In 2014, a second line was added to the plant, to meet increasing demand. The plant in Brandon receives flue gas treatment (FGT) residues from the Colnbrook incinerator to process into Carbon Buster blocks.

Another Carbon8 Aggregates (C8A) plant was approved for construction at Avondale near Bristol in January 2015.

References 

Building materials companies of the United Kingdom
Waste management companies of the United Kingdom
Manufacturing companies of England
British companies established in 2010
Manufacturing companies established in 2010
Renewable resource companies established in 2010
2010 establishments in England
Dewtron. Dewtron was the trade mark of Design Engineering (Wokingham) Ltd. or D. E. W. Ltd. a small British electronics manufacturer, founded by Brian H. Baily on 5 February 1964. In adverts the company address is always given as, Ringwood Road, Ferndown, Dorset, never Wokingham.

Products 
One of the earliest advertised Dewtron product was the Dewtron Wave Trap, a device to boost the reception of medium wave radio broadcasts,  another was the Dewbox, a 2 inch by  inch plastic enclosure in variable lengths. 

Later on Synthesizers were advertised either pre-built or as kits of resin potted modules. By 1970 the company's products included oscillators, voltage controlled amplifiers, sample and hold and envelope shapers. Chris Carter, later to form Throbbing Gristle, experimented with Dewtron kit-based synthesizers early in his music career,  as did Chris Watson of Cabaret Voltaire. In 1973 Ian Craig Marsh, (a founding member of The Human League and later to form Heaven 17) built himself a Dewtron synthesiser.

The Dewtron Mister Bassman bass pedal synthesizer was used by Mike Rutherford on Genesis albums from Nursery Cryme (1971) onwards, before replacing it with a Moog Taurus I for the album A Trick of the Tail (1976). Yes' bassist Chris Squire and frontman Jon Anderson used similar units in live performances. John Paul Jones plays a Mister Bassman on Since I've Been Loving You on the album Led Zeppelin III.

See also 
 List of synthesizer manufacturers

Notes

References

External links 
 Dewtron, or how to hide your magic (if you have it)
 1970's Dewtron "Mister Bassman" Bass Pedal Synth Dewtron "Mister Bassman" Bass Pedal Synth
 An article about Dewtron "Mister Bassman" Bass Pedal Synth
 Dewtron at SynthMuseum.com
 Rediscovering the Dewtron Wave Trap, Short Wave Magazine, December 1993, p. 34
 Dewtron, Effects Database. Shows a Dewtron Fuzzorama and Dewtron Wah-Wah with resin potted circuitry, both fitted in Dewboxes.  

Synthesizer manufacturing companies  of the United Kingdom
Musical instrument manufacturing companies of the United Kingdom
Zeithain–Elsterwerda railway. The Zeithain–Elsterwerda railway, also known as the Riesa–Elsterwerda railway, is a two-track, electrified main line in the German states of Saxony and Brandenburg, which was originally built and operated by the Leipzig–Dresden Railway Company (Leipzig-Dresdner Eisenbahn-Compagnie). It runs from Riesa via Bogendreieck Zeithain to Elsterwerda on the Berlin–Dresden railway. The line is part of the long-distance line between Chemnitz and Berlin.

History

Since 1872, a connection from Riesa to Elsterwerda had been considered useful by various private railway companies, such as the Berlin-Dresden Railway.

The Leipzig-Dresden Railway was particularly interested in extending its route network to the north. It was considered that a projected connection from Moldova (German: Moldau)  via Freiberg and Nossen to Riesa would create an attractive route for the transport of Bohemian coal to Prussia.

The project was authorised by a treaty between Prussia and Saxony on 26 August 1874. Construction of the line began on a relatively easy route on 15 March 1875. It was opened on 15 October 1875.

The Leipzig–Dresden Railway was nationalised on 1 January 1876. The line was then incorporated into the network of the Royal Saxon State Railways. This line was subsequently operated as double-track secondary line.

After the Second World War, the second track as dismantled for reparations to the Soviet Union.

During the time of East Germany, rail traffic shifted to run mainly north–south. Of particular importance was the connection between Karl-Marx-Stadt and Berlin. As a result, the line was doubled again and it was electrified in the mid-1980s. Electric operations started on 13 December 1986. A day later—on 14 December 1986—the route was declared to be a main line. Long-distance services between Chemnitz and Berlin ran over the line until 2006, when the IR 34 service was abandoned; it then ran for a few kilometres over the Leipzig–Dresden railway and continued from Riesa over the Riesa–Chemnitz railway.

Route

The line running from south to north runs from the Leipzig-Dresden railway immediately after the beginning of the line to Jüterbog to the northeast and passes under federal highways 98 and 169. Then it runs straight to the Zeithainer Rohrwerk (Zeithain pipe factory) factory stop, the former storage areas of the rail track construction organisation of Deutsche Reichsbahn in Wülknitz and a further 900 metres to the baroque manor house and the castle chapel in Tiefenau over before crossing the Große Röder while running next to federal highway 169. From Gröditz, it runs jointly with the parallel Elsterwerda-Grödel barge canal through the conservation area of Röderaue before it meets the line from Dresden near Kotschka. The two lines run parallel across the Pulsnitz and the Black Elster rivers before it reaches Elsterwerda station.

References

External links
 

Railway lines in Brandenburg
Railway lines in Saxony
Railway lines opened in 1875
1875 establishments in Germany
Aurore Sarl. Aurore Sarl () is a French aircraft manufacturer based in Sauvagnon, founded by Michel Barry in the late 1990s. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of light aircraft in the form of kits for amateur construction.

The company is a French Société à responsabilité limitée (Sarl), a private limited company.

The company produces a series of wood and aircraft fabric aircraft under the trade name Air Souris Set (). The line includes the Aurore MB 04 Souris Bulle two-seater, as well as the Aurore MB 02 Souricette and Aurore MB 02-2 Mini Bulle single-seater ultralights.

The Aurore MB 02 Souricette has also been flown as an all-electric aircraft, designated as the BL1E Electra. It was first flown on 23 December 2007 at Aspres sur Buech airfield, in Hautes Alpes, France.

Aircraft

References

External links

Aircraft manufacturers of France
Ultralight aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Companies based in Nouvelle-Aquitaine
Marpol Annex I. Marpol Annex I is the first implementation made by Marpol 73/78, one of the most important international marine environmental conventions. The convention was designed to minimize pollution of the seas from ships. The objective of the convention is to preserve the marine environment through the complete elimination of pollution by oil and other harmful substances and the minimization of accidental discharge of such substances.  The Marpol Annex I began to be enforced on October 2, 1983, and it details the prevention of pollution by oil and oily water.

Marpol Annex I details the discharge requirements for the prevention of pollution by oil and oily materials. It continues to enforce the oil discharge criteria described in the 1969 amendments to the 1954 Oil Pollution Convention. It also introduces the idea of "special areas" which are considered to be at risk to oil pollution.  Discharge of oil within them have been completely outlawed but there are a few minor exceptions.

Also in 2003, in a joint effort IMO and MEPC came out with Circ.406 Guidelines for Application of MARPOL Annex I Requirements to FPSOs and FSUs.

Later in 2006, the United States Coast Guard published Guidance for the Enforcement of MARPOL Annex I During PSC Examinations.  This was a USCG policy letter that provided instruction to PSC officers with regard to Oil Record Book, Oily Water Separators, and Oil content meter inspections during PSC visits.

The first half of Marpol Annex I deals with engine room waste. There are many new technologies and equipment that have been developed to prevent waste such as: Oily water separators (OWS), Oil Content meters (OCM), and Port Reception Facilities.

The second part of the Marpol Annex I has more to do with cleaning the cargo areas and tanks. Oil Discharge Monitoring Equipment (ODME) is a technology that has greatly helped improve efficiency and environmental protection in these areas.

See also 
 Marpol 73/78
 IMO
 Oily water separators
 Oily water separator (marine)
 Oil content meter
 Oil Discharge Monitoring Equipment
 Magic Pipe
 OCDMCS

References 

Ocean pollution
Too connected to fail. The "too connected to fail" (TCTF) concept refers to a financial institution which is so connected to other institutions that its failure would probably lead to a turnover in the whole system.

Relevance of TCTF: systemic risk 

The 2007/2008 financial crisis highlighted that a turmoil can cause a fallback in the financial system – mainly because financial institutions form a highly interconnected network. From a network science point of view, this means that some nodes (institutions) have very high degree, i.e. they are linked to other nodes. As a consequence, they play a central role in the system, which can be "highly important" in the case of disturbances.

Eigenvector Centrality 

Nacaskul posits that a financial institution is systemically important if it is highly connected (e.g. via interbank lending market/money market channel) to systemically important banks. Those, in turn, are systemically important if they are highly connected to systemically important banks, and so on. The recursive definition is equivalent to performing eigendecomposition of a matrix of connectivity weights and assigning systemic importance in proportion to the values of the principal eigenvector. The "entropic" factor correction is introduced therein to correct for the possibility that performing eigendecomposition on weighted connectivity matrices may occasionally yield "degenerate" systemic importance scores (all financial institutions identical in terms of systemic importance). Nacaskul & Sabborriboon then extends the Systemic Importance Analysis (SIA) above, which focuses on systemic leverage each individual financial institution exerts on the overall system, to Systemic Vulnerability Analysis (SVA), whereby the overall system is assessed as to how vulnerable it is to disproportionate systemic leverages exerted by individual financial institutions, and applied the methodology to Thai interbank money-market funding matrix.

DebtRank (feedback centrality) 

Another way to measure the TCTF feature of an institution is based on the concept of feedback centrality. One example for this is the DebtRank introduced in the paper of Battiston et al.

See also 

 Systemically important financial institution
 Systemic risk
 Localism (politics)
 Local economic development
 Sovereignty
 Accountable autonomy

References

Financial services
Institutional economics
Systemic risk
Networks
World economy
Bombardier HR-412. The Bombardier HR-412, also known as the MLW HR-412, was a 4 axle,  freight locomotive manufactured in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Ten were built for Canadian National Railway in between September and November 1981, numbered 2580–2589, and one was built for Bombardier as a demonstrator in May 1982, numbered BBD 7000.  BBD 7000 was later sold to Canadian National.

The model designation stood for HR - High Reliability, 412 - 4 axles, 12 cylinder engine.  The HR-412 was designed as the successor to the MLW M-420.

See also 
 List of MLW diesel locomotives

References

 

HR-412
HR-412
B-B locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1981
Diesel–electric locomotives of Canada
Canadian National Railway locomotives
Scrapped locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Canada
Freight locomotives
Jasper H. Kane. Jasper Herbert Kane (July 15, 1903 – November 23, 2004) was an American biochemist who had a central role in moving antibiotics such as penicillin from the laboratory table into industrial production in World War II. He was an alumnus of what is now called the New York University Tandon School of Engineering. He died in Florida in 2004, age 101.

See also
History of penicillin

References

1903 births
2004 deaths
American men centenarians
Polytechnic Institute of New York University alumni
American biochemists
Russell K. Hotzler. Russell K. Hotzler is the eighth and current president of New York City College of Technology. Prior to this presidency, Hotzler served as the Vice Chancellor for Academic Program Planning at The City University of New York.  Hotzler holds a Bachelor of Science Degree and a Master of Science degree in Metallurgical Engineering and a Ph.D. In Physical Metallurgy from the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, where he also served as a member of the faculty. Hotzler   also is Chair of the New York State Regents Advisory Committee on Accreditation.

References

Polytechnic Institute of New York University alumni
Polytechnic Institute of New York University faculty
Living people
Date of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)
Presidents of Queens College, City University of New York
Presidents of campuses of City University of New York
Cactus (camera equipment brand). Cactus is a brand owned by Harvest One Limited, a Hong Kong company specialized in the design and engineering of photographic wireless lighting equipment including wireless flash triggers, wireless flashes, portable softboxes and studio umbrellas. Its headquarters is in Tuen Mun, Hong Kong.

In 2014, Cactus released a cross-brand wireless flash transceiver that can simultaneously remote control power of Canon, Nikon, Olympus, Panasonic and Pentax flashes on any camera.

Products

Wireless flash trigger and transceiver

Cactus has been manufacturing wireless flash triggers using radio signal since 2007 and has been focusing its research on cross-brand compatibility in radio flash triggering system. Its V4 wireless flash trigger and V5 wireless flash transceiver are both equipped with a multi-pin hotshoe and work with most of the portable flashes, but are not able to remote control power of the flashes. Until 2014, Cactus combined the proprietary electronic extensions of Nikon, Olympus, Panasonic and Pentax into a multi-brand hot shoe and released the V6 model with which the power of multi-brand flashes can be remotely controlled wirelessly.

Wireless flash

In 2014, Cactus released its first wireless flash RF60 along with Cactus V6. Cactus RF60 has a built-in V6. Therefore, it can receive wireless triggering signal from a V6 and fire itself accordingly without having to attach an external V6 to the flash. When using with Cactus V6, both power output and zoom level of the RF60 can be adjusted remotely.

Laser trigger

In 2013, Cactus developed the world's first laser trigger that has built-in radio frequency module for high-speed, wildlife and trap photography.

Camera accessories

Cactus also manufactures studio umbrellas and softboxes.

Recognition

Cactus LV5 Laser Trigger was given a 5-star rating by Digital Photo UK in its May issue 2013 and Le Monde de la Photo, France in its September issue 2013.

Cactus is among the five brands shortlisted for Accessory Manufacturer of the Year in the UK's Pixel Trade Award 2014.

Cactus V6 Wireless Flash Transceiver and Cactus RF60 Wireless Flash were selected by Popular Photography as 2014 Best Camera Deals of the Year.

Cactus V6 Wireless Flash Transceiver is the winner of Japan's Digital Camera Grand Prix (DGP) Gold Award 2015.

References

External links

Photography equipment manufacturers of China

Photographic lighting
Hong Kong brands