omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
T. Karunakaran. Thirumalayaperumal Karunakaran (26 December 1946 – 12 March 2019) was an Indian engineer, academic, social organizer and reformer who worked on rural development problems in India and other countries. He proposed a model of decentralized development called the Rural Economic Zone as an alternative to the Special Economic Zone model of development. He served as Vice-Chancellor of two Gandhian Rural Universities, and served as the director of the Mahatma Gandhi Institute for Rural Industrialization (MGIRI) and founded the Agrindus Institute in Wardha.

Early life and education

Karunakaran was born in Poovenkudiyiruppu village of Kanyakumari District of pre-Independence India. He received a Bachelor of Engineering in Electrical Engineering from Thiagarajar College of Engineering in 1969. He studied Mathematical System Theory from the Department of Electrical Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology Delhi where he obtained a PhD in 1975 under Prem Saran Satsangi.

Career and work

Karunakaran served for 19 years in four IITs in different research and academic positions.

From 1987 until 1997, Karunakaran was the Director of the Rural Technology Centre at Gandhigram Rural Institute (GRI), Tamil Nadu. He was the Vice Chancellor of Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramoday Vishwavidyalaya in Madhya Pradesh from 1997 to 2004, and returned to GRI in 2004 to serve as Vice Chancellor.

He then became the Director of MGIRI in Wardha from 2008 until 2011. Under his leadership, MGIRI launched solar-powered charkhas to increase the volume and quality of yarn that a farming household could produce. This project was adopted and scaled up by the government of India to provide employment to 100,000 individuals in 50 sectors.

Karunakaran was then founder-director of the Agrindus Institute until his death in 2019. Agrindus trained children, primarily of farmers who had committed suicide, to become entrepreneurs and bring industrial value-added activities to the farm.
Karunaran's work at Agrindus built on Gandhian ideas of socio-economic development, including the work-based education principle known as Nai Talim, and Gandhi's vision of self-reliant village-centered economies. Karunakaran developed the latter economic approach into the Rural Economic Zone concept, an alternate model of development to the Special Economic Zone.

References 

People from Kanyakumari district
1946 births
2019 deaths
Indian electrical engineers
Indian social reformers
Academic staff of IIT Delhi
IIT Delhi alumni
Nanning Power Station. Nanning Power Station (), also spelled Nanning Power Plant, is a large thermal power project located in Nanning, Guangxi, with a total investment of 18.33 billion yuan.  Its predecessor was Nanning Electric Light Company (南宁电灯公司), which was jointly established in 1914 by Xu Dezhai (徐德斋) and Shan Mingfang (单名芳),  with a factory located in Nanguo Street, Nanning City.

History
In December 2009, the new construction project of Nanning Power Plant was approved by the National Development and Reform Commission,  and on May 21, 2010, the main plant of the new construction of two 660,000 kW units of Nanning Power Plant was started. 

On September 4, 2012, the second unit 2 of Nanning Power Plant passed the 168-hour full-load test running (168小时满负荷试运行), marking the official completion and operation of the first phase of Guodian Nanning Power Plant. The total investment of the project is about 4.56 billion yuan.

References 

2012 establishments in China
Energy infrastructure completed in 2012
Cygnus NG-17. NG-17, previously known as OA-17, was the seventeenth flight of the Northrop Grumman robotic resupply spacecraft Cygnus and its sixteenth flight to the International Space Station (ISS) under the Commercial Resupply Services (CRS) contract with NASA. The mission launched on 19 February 2022 at 17:40:03UTC. It was the sixth launch of Cygnus under the CRS-2 contract.

Orbital ATK’s space division (now part of Northrop Grumman Space Systems) and NASA jointly developed a new space transportation system to provide commercial cargo resupply services to the International Space Station (ISS). Under the Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) program, Orbital ATK designed, acquired, built, and assembled these components: Antares, a medium-class launch vehicle; Cygnus, an advanced spacecraft using a Pressurized Cargo Module (PCM) provided by industrial partner Thales Alenia Space and a Service Module based on the Orbital GEOStar satellite bus.

History 
NG-17 was the sixth Cygnus mission under the Commercial Resupply Services-2 contract.

Production and integration of Cygnus spacecraft are performed in Dulles, Virginia. The Cygnus service module is mated with the pressurized cargo module at the launch site, and mission operations are conducted from control centers in Dulles, Virginia and Houston, Texas.

Spacecraft 

This was the twelfth flight of the Enhanced-sized Cygnus PCM. Northrop Grumman named this spacecraft after Piers Sellers, in celebration of his role in assembling the International Space Station.

Manifest 
Cygnus spacecraft is loaded with  of research, hardware, and crew supplies.

 Crew supplies:          
 Science investigations: 
 Spacewalk equipment:    
 Vehicle hardware:       
 Computer resources:

ISS reboost
Aside from the orbital delivery, Cygnus performed the program's first operational reboost of the ISS. The space station's orbit needs to be changed from time to time as it naturally falls back in Earth's atmosphere. The ISS will change its attitude by about 90 degrees before executing the Cygnus reboost on 18 June 2022.

On 20 June 2022 at 15:20UTC, Cygnus NG-17 gimbal engine was scheduled to fire for 5 minutes and 1 second but the firing was aborted after 5 seconds.

On Saturday, June 25, 2022 at 17:42UTC, Northrop Grumman’s Cygnus completed its first limited reboost of the International Space Station. Cygnus’ gimbaled delta velocity engine was used to adjust the space station’s orbit through a reboost of the altitude of the space station. The maneuver lasted 5 minutes, 1 second and raised the station’s altitude 1/10 of a mile at apogee and 5/10 of a mile at perigee.

See also 
 Uncrewed spaceflights to the International Space Station

References

External links 
 Northrop Grumman Commercial Resupply, NASA page

Cygnus (spacecraft)
Supply vehicles for the International Space Station
Spacecraft launched in 2022
Spacecraft launched by Antares rockets
Herbert Kupfer. Herbert Kupfer (26 March 1927 – 30 December 2013) was a German civil engineer. From 1986 to 1987, he was President of the Technical University of Munich.

Education 
Kupfer attended the Luitpold-Oberrealschule in Munich from 1937 to 1944, before being drafted into service in World War II. After a period as a prisoner of war, Kupfer returned to study civil engineering at the Technical University of Munich between 1946 and 1949. He received his doctorate in engineering under Hubert Rüsch in 1955.

Career 
After his studies, Kupfer worked at the construction company Dyckerhoff & Widmann, where he was responsible for the calculation and design of major projects in structural engineering and bridge construction.

In 1967, he took over the Chair of Timber Structures and Building Construction at the Department of Civil Engineering of the Technical University of Munich, where he was appointed full professor in 1969.

Between 1984 and 1988, he was Vice President of the Technical University of Munich, and in 1986/1987 President.

Awards 
 Fellow of the American Concrete Institute (1987)
 Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany (1988)

References 

2013 deaths
1927 births
Officers Crosses of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany
Technical University of Munich alumni
Academic staff of the Technical University of Munich
Presidents of the Technical University of Munich
Bridge engineers
German civil engineers
German prisoners of war in World War II
Ulrich Grigull. Ulrich Grigull (12 March 1912 – 20 October 2003) was a German engineer. Between 1972 and 1980, he was rector and later president of the Technical University of Munich.

Early life 
After graduating from the Stadtgymnasium in Königsberg, Grigull studied mechanical engineering at the Technische Hochschule Danzig from 1930. In 1937, he received his doctorate from the Technical University of Braunschweig.

Career 
From 1937 to 1942, Grigull worked at the Luftfahrtforschungsanstalt in Braunschweig. In 1942, he was drafted into the Kriegsmarine and served on U-boats and destroyers.

After the war, Grigull first worked as an engineer and consultant for various companies in the chemical and textile industries. From 1953 to 1960, he worked at Bayer, while also lecturing at the Technical University of Braunschweig.

In 1961, Grigull was appointed to succeed Ernst Schmidt at the Institute of Thermodynamics at the Technical University of Munich. From 1972 to 1976, he was rector of the university and then its president until 1980.

He was co-founder and, until his death, co-editor of the International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer and co-founder of the journal Heat and Mass Transfer.

Awards 
 Max Jakob Memorial Award (1973)
 Carl Friedrich Gauß Medal (1978)
 Arnold Eucken Medal (1979)
 Bavarian Order of Merit (1977)
 Bavarian Maximilian Order for Science and Art (1984)

References 

1912 births
2003 deaths
Members of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences
Academic staff of the Technical University of Munich
Presidents of the Technical University of Munich
Gdańsk University of Technology alumni
20th-century German physicists
Academic staff of the Technical University of Braunschweig
Frances Joseph. Frances Joseph is an Australian-born sculptor and academic. She is a full professor at Auckland University of Technology.

Academic career 

Joseph has a BA in visual art from the University of Tasmania and a Master of Fine Art from the College of Fine Arts at the University of New South Wales. She was awarded a PhD by Auckland University of Technology in 2010. The title of her doctoral thesis was Mnemotechne of design — ontology and design research theories.
Joseph moved to New Zealand in 1997, working in the School of Art and Design. In 2007 she became director of AUT's Textile and Design Lab and in 2009 director of CoLab. She was appointed a full professor at the Auckland University of Technology in November 2018.

Selected works

Personal 
A portrait of Joseph and her son by Rosemary Valadon was selected as a finalist for the 1990 Archibald Prize and won the Portia Geach Memorial Award the following year.

References

External links 

 Five questions: Professor Frances Joseph – interview 
One flesh ll – portrait of Frances Joseph (sculptor) and son – 1990 Archibald portrait 
 
 
 

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
New Zealand women academics
University of Tasmania alumni
University of New South Wales alumni
Auckland University of Technology alumni
Academic staff of the Auckland University of Technology
21st-century Australian sculptors
Australian women sculptors
21st-century New Zealand sculptors
New Zealand women sculptors
Australian emigrants to New Zealand
21st-century women sculptors
Analuz Carol. Analuz Ailén Carol (born 30 May 1984) is an Argentine fisheries engineer and politician who was a National Deputy elected in Tierra del Fuego from 2015 to 2019. She currently serves as Secretary of Science and Technology of Tierra del Fuego Province, in the administration of Governor Gustavo Melella.

Early life and education
Analuz Ailén Carol was born on 30 May 1984 in Bahía Blanca, Buenos Aires Province. When she was two years old, her family moved to Tierra del Fuego. She studied fisheries engineering at the Río Grande Faculty of the National Technological University (UTN), being the first woman to earn that title from the UTN.

Political career
Carol's political activism began in La Cámpora. She was the second candidate in the Front for Victory list to the Argentine Chamber of Deputies, under Matías David Rodríguez. The list received 42.01% of the vote and Carol was elected; she was sworn in on 4 December 2015.

As deputy, Carol voted in favor of the Voluntary Interruption of Pregnancy bill, which would have legalized abortion in Argentina, but was struck down by the Senate on 8 August 2018. In her intervention on the session to vote on the bill on 13 June 2018, Carol stated that "[abortion] is a human right". She also voted against the Mauricio Macri administration's pension reform in 2017.

Carol's term in the Chamber of Deputies expired on 10 December 2019, and she did not seek re-election. Upon the election of Gustavo Melella as governor of Tierra del Fuego, Carol was appointed in his government as Secretary of Science and Technology, taking office in 2019 under Minister of Education, Culture, Science and Technology Analía Cubino.

Personal life
Carol married her partner, Paula Cejas, on 21 July 2016 – the sixth anniversary of the legalization of same-sex marriage in Argentina. Cejas was at the time a councilwoman in Tolhuin, also for the FPV. Carol was the first deputy, second congressperson and first congresswoman to marry under the 2010 Equal Marriage law, after Senator Osvaldo López, also from Tierra del Fuego.

References

External links

1984 births
Living people
People from Bahía Blanca
Members of La Cámpora
Members of the Argentine Chamber of Deputies elected in Tierra del Fuego
Women members of the Argentine Chamber of Deputies
LGBTQ legislators
Argentine LGBTQ politicians
21st-century Argentine women politicians
National Technological University alumni
Argentine deputies 2015–2017
Argentine deputies 2017–2019
Karl Maximilian von Bauernfeind. Karl Maximilian von Bauernfeind (28 November 1818 – 3 August 1894) was a German geodesist and civil engineer.

Education 
At the age of 18, Bauernfeind studied under Georg Ohm at the Polytechnic School in Nuremberg. Two years later, he studied mathematics and physics at the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich and passed the state examination in 1841.

Career 
After gaining practical experience as an engineer during the construction of the Ludwig South-North Railway, he became associate professor of geodesy at the Königlich polytechnischen Schule in Munich in 1846 and full professor in 1851.

In 1846, Bauernfeind presented a new revision of the theory of bridge vaults, which remained authoritative for a long time. Five years later, he invented the prismatic cross (including the Bauernfeind prism), a device that soon became a valuable tool for geodesists because of its accuracy.

In 1856, his Elemente der Vermessungskunde (Elements of Surveying) was published, which became the standard work of this young science for decades. In 1857, he undertook barometric height measurements in the Alps; this was the first time that the influence of the thermal radiation of the earth's surface was clearly recognized. In 1864, he made a detailed study of atmospheric refraction.

In 1865 he became an associate member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and in 1870 was accepted as a full member. In 1873 he was elected a member of the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina.

From 1868, he was the founding director of the Polytechnischen Schule München, which would later become the Technical University of Munich. There, he shaped geodesy into a scientific discipline. After relinquishing the directorship in 1874, he held this post again from 1880 to 1889.

References 

1894 deaths
1818 births
Members of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences
Academic staff of the Technical University of Munich
Presidents of the Technical University of Munich
German geodesists
20th-century German engineers
Bridge engineers
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni
National Union of Civil Engineering, Construction, Furniture and Wood Workers. The National Union of Civil Engineering, Construction, Furniture and Wood Workers (NUCECFWW) is a trade union representing workers in various related industries in Nigeria.

The union was formed in 1996, when the Nigerian government merged the Nigeria Union of Construction and Civil Engineering Workers with the National Union of Furniture, Fixtures and Woodworkers.  Like both its predecessors, it affiliated to the Nigeria Labour Congress, and by 2005 it had 62,000 members.

External links

References

Building and construction trade unions
Nigeria Labour Congress
Trade unions established in 1996
Trade unions in Nigeria
HESA Kaman-12. The HESA Kaman-12 () is an Iranian unmanned aerial vehicle operated by the Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force. Its first flight was on 11 September 2020. The unmanned aerial vehicle possesses a speed of 200 km/h, with a range of 1,000 kilometers, and its one-way range is approximately 2,000 km.

Description 
This UAV was first presented at the "Iqtedar-40" exhibition of defense achievements of the "Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran", and has a speed of about 200 kilometers per hour and a flight duration of 10 hours. Among this unmanned aerial vehicle specifications are as follows:

Capability to take-off from runways with at least a length of 400 meters, possessing an operating-radius of one thousand km, the capability to carry cargoes of 100 kg and its max-weight while taking off --from the ground-- is approximately 450 kg.

Another trait that has made this remote-controlled bird one of the most up-to-date UAVs is as follows: "Its 1000 kilometer flight range" and "2000 kilometer one-way range". As well as this, Kaman-12 has a lift coefficient of 1.8, acceleration tolerance limit: of 2-5 +, a maximum weight of remotely piloted aircraft of four hundred and fifty kg, minimum (UAV) weight of 230 kg, and other features.

See also 
 List of military equipment manufactured in Iran
 Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran
 Defense industry of Iran
 Akhgar (missile)

References

 

 

Unmanned military aircraft of Iran
Aircraft manufactured in Iran
Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force
Post–Cold War military equipment of Iran
Unmanned aerial vehicles of Iran
Iranian military-related lists
Coes. Coes is a surname and given name which may refer to:

 Coes of Mytilene, 6th century Greek tyrant
 Ben Coes (born 1966), American novelist
 George H. Coes (1828–1897), American minstrel music performer
 Harold V. Coes (1883–1959), American industrial engineer
 Loring Coes (1812–1906), American inventor of the monkey wrench, industrialist and politician
Weld tests for friction welding. Quality requirements of welded joints depend on the form of application, e.g. in the space or fly industry weld errors are not allowed. Science try to gets good quality welds. There are many scientific articles describing the weld test, e.g. hardness, tensile tests. The weld structure can be examined by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The computer finite element method (FEM) is used to predict the shape of the flash and interface and others, not only for rotary friction welding (RFW), but also for friction stir welding (FSW), linear friction welding (LFW), FRIEX, and others. Temperature measurements are also carried out for scientific purposes e.g. by use thermocouples or sometimes thermography, mentions about measurements are generally found in research materials and journals.

See also 

 Friction welding
 Temperature
 Heat-affected zone
Weld quality assurance

References 

Nondestructive testing
Quality control
Welding
Banging out. Banging out is a tradition in some British industries to mark the completion of an apprenticeship or a retirement of an employee.  Particularly associated with the printing rooms of national newspapers in Fleet Street the "banging" is the noise made by colleagues hitting metal furniture or machinery and accompanies the former apprentice or retiree walking across the shop floor.  The tradition developed further when apprentices would be placed in a truck and showered in printers' ink, glue and paper, a tradition that continues in some companies.  Despite the outsourcing of printing from newspaper offices the tradition for retirees continues in modern newsrooms, with the banging being provided by colleagues hitting their desks.

Apprentices 
The custom of banging out dates back to at least the 1910s in the British printing industry and is particularly associated with the production of national newspapers in Fleet Street, London.  When a worker completed their apprenticeship they would walk through the print room and their colleagues would hit the metal furniture, machinery and racking with hammers and other objects to a slow beat.  It was also customary for the former apprentice to have a drink with each of his colleagues, which could be many in number.  By the 1970s the ceremony included stripping the apprentice and placing him into a truck (a hand pushed cart).  The former apprentice would be showered with ink, glue, paper shavings, rubbish and even cat food.  The truck would then be pushed around the various departments of the printers and even into the street outside, where the apprentice might be tied to a lamp-post or similar.  The ceremony continues to modern times in some companies, for example in 2012 a Reading print firm dressed an apprentice in women's clothes, covered him in ink and paper and paraded him down the town's High Street.

Retirement 
A banging out ceremony was also held to mark retirements.  In newspapers retiring employees would be walked through the print room by their colleagues whilst the printers hit their benches and machinery.  The practice continues in some modern newsrooms. While the printing is now usually done offsite the newsroom staff provide the beat for the banging out by hitting their desks as the retiree walks out.  Such a ceremony was performed en-masse to mark the end of the print edition of The Independent in 2016.  The tradition is also carried out in other industries such as engineering.  Banging out ceremonies were held to mark the closure of BAE Chadderton in Oldham in 2012 and the end of aircraft manufacture at 
Brough Aerodrome in December 2020.

References

External links 
1975 video of an apprentice being banged out
Description of the apprenticeship ceremony at the Argus Press in the 1950s

British traditions
History of printing
Ceremonies in the United Kingdom
Rites of passage
Parting traditions