omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Delta 4000. The Delta 4000 series was an American expendable launch system which was used to conduct two orbital launches in 1989 and 1990. It was a member of the Delta family of rockets. Although several variants were put forward, only the Delta 4925 was launched. The designations used a four digit numerical code to store information on the configuration of the rocket. It was built from a combination of spare parts left over from earlier Delta rockets, which were being retired, and parts from the Delta II 6000-series, which was just entering service.

The first stage was the MB-3-III powered Extended Long Tank Thor, previously flown on the 1000-series. Nine Castor-4A solid rocket boosters were attached to increase thrust at lift-off, replacing the less powerful Castor-4 boosters used on the 3000 series. The Delta-K was used as a second stage. A Star-48B PAM-D was used as a third stage, to boost payloads into geosynchronous transfer orbit.

Both Delta 4000 launches occurred from Launch Complex 17B at Cape Canaveral. The first launched Marco Polo 1 for BSkyB, and the second launched INSAT 1D for the Indian Space Research Organisation. Both were successful.

References

Delta (rocket family)
Caroline Endres Diescher. Caroline Endres Diescher (February 1846 – February 7, 1930), also known as Caroline Endres, was notable as one of the first female engineers in the United States. With her father John Endres, who was born and educated in Prussia, she designed two inclines in the Pittsburgh area: the Monongahela Incline and the Mount Oliver Incline, which opened in 1870 and 1871, respectively.

Life
Born in Cincinnati, Ohio in February 1846, Caroline Endres was a daughter of Prussian-born engineer John Endres and his wife, and called "Carrie," (at least on one census.) She was educated in Europe and trained further by her father as an engineer after her return. 

She assisted him with his design of the Pittsburgh area's first passenger incline, the Monongahela Incline, which launched in 1870. The next year, she helped him design the Mount Oliver Incline.

In 1872 Caroline Endres married Hungarian-born engineer Samuel Diescher (1839-1915), who had assisted her father on the incline project. He had immigrated to the United States (US) in 1866, settling first in Cincinnati. Six years later he designed the Duquesne Incline in Pittsburgh and, ultimately, the majority of inclines in the US, as well as numerous industrial projects related to coal and steel production, and highway and infrastructure projects. 

Their wedding was held at the St. Paul German Evangelical Church in Cincinnati. They lived on Mount Washington in Pittsburgh and had six children together. Their three sons, Samuel E., August P. and Alfred J. Diescher, all became engineers and in 1901 their father set up a business: S. Diescher and Sons. The couple also had three daughters, Irene E., Carrie L., and Irma J. Diescher.

Death and interment
Diescher died in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1930 at the age of 84. She was interred at the Allegheny Cemetery, where her husband had been buried.

References

External links

1846 births
1930 deaths
American civil engineers
Railway inclines in Pittsburgh
19th-century American women engineers
19th-century American engineers
Burials at Allegheny Cemetery
20th-century American women engineers
20th-century American engineers
IRobot Warrior. The iRobot Warrior (also described as the Warrior 700 or X700) is an unmanned robotic platform from  iRobot Corporation.

Review 
The 285 lb (129 kg) robot can traverse land at up to 9.3 mph (15 km/h) and is capable of carrying up to 500 lb (227 kg), including 150 lb (68 kg) in its manipulator.  Able to climb steps and slopes at up to 45°, the next generation of remote control robotic vehicles is bigger, faster, and more capable than their smaller counterparts.  Initial intended uses are Explosive Ordnance Disposal, route-clearance, surveillance, enhanced security measures, scouting, reconnaissance, casualty extraction, firefighting, manipulating and welding.

iRobot has teamed up with Metal Storm to mount an electronically controlled firing system on a Warrior capable of firing up to 16 rounds per second.

In c. 2008, iRobot announced that it received a $3.75 million contract from Army Tank-Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center for research and development.

References

External links
 iRobot Corporation: Warrior
 Warrior Specifications
 The iRobot Warrior - Engineering TV

Unmanned ground vehicles
IRobot
Unmanned ground combat vehicles
Tracked robots
2000s robots
Mine warfare countermeasures
Delta 5000. The Delta 5000 series was an American expendable launch system which was used to conduct an orbital launch in 1989. It was a member of the Delta family of rockets. Although several variants were put forward, only the Delta 5920 was launched. The designation used a four digit numerical code to store information on the configuration of the rocket. It was built from a combination of spare parts left over from earlier Delta rockets, which were being retired, and parts from the Delta II 6000-series, which was just entering service.

The first stage was the RS-27 powered Extended Long Tank Thor, flown on several earlier Delta rockets. Nine Castor-4A solid rocket boosters were attached to increase thrust at lift-off, replacing the less powerful Castor-4 boosters used on the 3000 series. The Delta-K was used as a second stage. In the configuration that was launched, no third stage was flown.

The Delta 5000 was launched just once, from Space Launch Complex 2W at the Vandenberg Air Force Base. Launch occurred at 14:34 on 18 November 1989. It was successful, and placed the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) spacecraft into low Earth orbit.

Payload

References

Delta (rocket family)
Coca-Cola Baltimore Branch Factory. Coca-Cola Baltimore Branch Factory is a historic factory complex located at Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It was constructed from 1921 to 1948 and built principally to house Coca-Cola's syrup-making operations. The complex is spread over a  site and includes a two-story brick syrup factory/sugar warehouse and an earlier two-story brick mattress factory (The Simmons Building) that Coca-Cola acquired and adapted in the 1930s.  Completed in 1948, the complex housed syrup-making operations as well as the Coca-Cola Company's chemistry department.

Coca-Cola Baltimore Branch Factory was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

See also 
 Coca-Cola Branch Factory (St. Louis)
 Coca-Cola Bottling Company of Baltimore Building
 List of Coca-Cola buildings and structures
 National Register of Historic Places listings in South and Southeast Baltimore

References

External links
, including photo from 2000, at Maryland Historical Trust

Buildings and structures in Baltimore
Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Baltimore
Industrial buildings completed in 1948
Locust Point, Baltimore
Baltimore
1948 establishments in Maryland
Parker Metal Decoration Company Plant. Parker Metal Decoration Company Plant is a historic factory building located at Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is a steel-frame brick industrial building, ranging from one to three stories in height, and consists of five components built in stages between the first decade of the 20th century and the 1940s. The Parker Metal Decorating Company operated between 1921 and 1994.

Parker Metal Decoration Company Plant was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

References

External links
, including photo from 2000, at Maryland Historical Trust

Buildings and structures in Baltimore
Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Baltimore
Industrial buildings completed in 1921
South Baltimore
Surflon S-111. Surflon S-111 (CAS 72968-3-88) is a commercial product consisting of perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) in ammonium salt form. It is commonly used as a polymerization aid in the production of fluoropolymers.

The dominant chemical compound is perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) at 74% by weight, followed by the 11 carbon perfluoroundecanoic acid (20%), and the 13 carbon perfluorotridecanoic acid (5%).

Surflon S-111 is synthesized in Japan by oxidizing a mixture of fluorotelomer olefins. Fluorotelomer olefins are synthesized using a telomerization of tetrafluoroethylene taxogens (monomers), followed by an ethylene insertion. The olefin is oxidized, removing one carbon to yield products with an odd number of carbons with even-lengthed fluorocarbon chains plus a carboxylic acid group. As the fluorotelomer olefins are dominated by F(CF2)8CH=CH2, PFNA is the major PFCA product.

Surflon S-111 "is described as Fatty acids, C7-C13, perfluoro, ammonium salts".

See also
Fluorosurfactants

References

Perfluorinated compounds
Green body. A green body is an object whose main constituent is weakly bound clay material, usually in the form of bonded powder or plates before it has been  sintered or  fired.

In ceramic engineering, the most common method for producing ceramic components is to form a green body comprising a mixture of the ceramic material and various organic or inorganic additives, and then to fire it in a kiln to produce a strong, vitrified object. Additives can serve as solvents, dispersants (deflocculants), binders, plasticizers, lubricants, or wetting agents. 

This method is used because of difficulties with the casting of ceramics — due to their extremely high melting temperature and viscosity (relative to other materials such as metals and polymers).

See also
 Compaction of ceramic powders
 Ceramic art
 Pottery
 Solid state chemistry

References

Ceramic materials
State Key Laboratories. The State Key Laboratories () is a critical grouping of university and research institution laboratories receiving funding and administrative support from the central government of the People's Republic of China.

These labs often specialize in areas such as:
Chemistry
Mathematics and Physics
Geology
Biotechnology
Information technology
Materials science
Engineering
Medicine
According to the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, as of 2017, there were 253 State Key Laboratories approved in China.

The following lists the 73 universities in Mainland China, Hong Kong and Macau with at least one state key laboratory:

Most of the universities with SKL in Mainland China are Double First Class Universities, approved by the central government of the People's Republic of China.

See also

List of universities in China
Double First Class University Plan
OpenCourseWare in China
China Open Resources for Education

References

External links
State Key Laboratories website archived from the original on 21 February 2009.

Research institutes in China
WAGR J class (diesel). The J class are a class of diesel locomotives built by Clyde Engineering, Granville, for the Western Australian Government Railways in 1966.

History
The J class entered service between July and October 1966 to provide as shunters for the  Eastern Goldfields Railway from Perth to Kalgoorlie that was being converted to standard gauge. They were a development of the Victorian Railways Y class.

J101 was scrapped in July 1986 with the remaining four sold in 1995 to Great Northern Rail Services and moved to South Dynon Locomotive Depot. They operated freight transfer and infrastructure trains under contract to National Rail. Following the cessation of Great Northern Rail Services in 2004, the 4 units were split up. J102 & J103 were sold to CFCLA and stayed in Melbourne. These 2 units were hired to Southern Shorthaul Railroad for use as terminal shunters and infrastructure workings. J102 & J103 were purchased by SCT Logistics for use as shunters at their various terminals. J104 & J105 were sold to Freightlink, renumbered to FJ104 & FJ105, and moved to the Northern Territory as terminal shunters in Alice Springs and Tennant Creek. They were transferred to Genesee & Wyoming Australia following its acquisition of Freightlink. They would pass onto One Rail Australia and later Aurizon, after that company's acquisition of ORA. 102 and 103 currently bear their former SSR colour scheme, whereas 104 and 105, which are currently stored at Dry Creek, are still painted in Freightlink livery.

References

Bo-Bo locomotives
Clyde Engineering locomotives
Diesel locomotives of Western Australia
Railway locomotives introduced in 1966
Standard gauge locomotives of Australia
Diesel–electric locomotives of Australia
List of military inventions. A military invention is an invention that was first created by a military. There are many inventions that were originally created by the military and subsequently found civilian uses. Many have found dual usage in both sectors.

Military inventions with civilian uses

See also

 Allied technological cooperation during World War II
 List of emerging military technologies

References

External links
 https://www.history.com/news/world-war-ii-innovations

Inventions
Inventions
Lists of inventions or discoveries
Technological races
Inventions
Inventions
Nikolai Dukhov. Nikolai Leonidovich Dukhov (;  – 1 May 1964) was a Soviet designer of cars, tractors, tanks and nuclear weapons.

Biography
Dukhov was working in a tractor factory. In 1926, the factory Komsomol assembly sent him to study in an institute in Kharkiv, followed by a transfer without test to mechanical faculty in the Leningrad Polytechnical Institute to study engineer-design for tractors and cars. He was responsible for designing the Soviet tractors and heavy tanks in the 1930s.

In World War II he was the co-designer (along with Josef Kotin) of the Stalin heavy tank.

In 1948, he was nominated as the assistant to Yulii Khariton, the chief designer of the Soviet atomic bomb. He continued his work on nuclear projects until his death in 1964.

He taught in the Leningrad Road Institute and at mechanical faculty of the Leningrad Polytechnical Institute. He became a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1953).

Awards
 Thrice Hero of Socialist Labour
 Lenin Prize
 Five Stalin Prizes
 Four Orders of Lenin
 Order of Suvorov, 2nd class
 Order of the Red Banner of Labour
 Order of the Red Star

References

1904 births
1964 deaths
People from Gadyachsky Uyezd
Academic staff of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University alumni
Communist Party of the Soviet Union members
Heroes of Socialist Labour
Recipients of the Stalin Prize
Recipients of the Lenin Prize
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
Recipients of the Order of the Red Star
Recipients of the Order of Suvorov, 2nd class
Soviet mechanical engineers
Tank designers
Weapon designers from the Soviet Union
Burials at Novodevichy Cemetery
Principal (computer security). A principal in computer security is an entity that can be authenticated by a computer system or network. It is referred to as a security principal in Java and Microsoft literature.

Principals can be individual people, computers, services, computational entities such as processes and threads, or any group of such things. They need to be identified and authenticated before they can be assigned rights and privileges over resources in the network. A principal typically has an associated identifier (such as a security identifier) that allows it to be referenced for identification or assignment of properties and permissions.

A principal often becomes synonymous with the credentials used to act as that principal, such as a password or (for service principals) an access token or other secrets.

References

External links
  - Generic Security Service API Version 2.
  - WebDAV Current Principal Extension.
  - The Kerberos Version 5 Generic Security Service Application Program Interface (GSS-API) Mechanism: Version 2.

Computing terminology

Cybersecurity engineering
WAGR J class. The WAGR J class was a three-member class of 4-6-0 steam locomotives operated by the Western Australian Government Railways (WAGR) between 1892 and 1924 before seeing further use with the State Saw Mills until the early 1930s.

History
The J class engines were built in 1891 by Kitson & Co, Leeds, for the Fremantle to Beverley mail service. They arrived in Western Australia in late 1891 and entered service with the WAGR early the following year. However their fireboxes proved too small and in 1907 they were fitted with Q class boilers.

All three engines were withdrawn in January 1924. They were transferred to the State Saw Mills to haul timber trains and after repairs at the Midland Railway Workshops, J28 arrived at Wuraming in November 1924, J29 at Manjimup in May 1925 and J30 at Holyoake. All were out of use by the early 1930s, and later scrapped.

Namesake
The J class designation was reused in the 1960s when the J class diesel locomotives entered service.

See also

Rail transport in Western Australia
List of Western Australian locomotive classes

References

Notes

Cited works

External links

Kitson locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1892
J WAGR class
3 ft 6 in gauge locomotives of Australia
4-6-0 locomotives
Scrapped locomotives
List of rocket stages. This is a list of upper stages used on rockets.

Upper stages

bold denotes active configurationsitalics denotes configurations in development

See also
 Multistage rocket
 Apogee kick motor
 Space tug
 Lists of rockets
 List of orbital launch systems
 Comparison of orbital launchers families
 Comparison of orbital launch systems
 Comparison of space station cargo vehicles
 List of space launch system designs
 Lists of spacecraft

References

Space launch vehicles
Lists of spacecraft
Lists of rockets
List of members of the National Academy of Engineering. This is a full list  of the 2251 current members of the United States National Academy of Engineering, each of whom is affiliated with one of 12 disciplinary sections. This list does not include deceased members.  In addition there are 206 foreign associates.

 Aerospace Engineering
 See List of members of the National Academy of Engineering (Aerospace)

 Bioengineering
 See List of members of the National Academy of Engineering (Bioengineering)

 Chemical Engineering
 See List of members of the National Academy of Engineering (Chemical)

 Civil Engineering
 See List of members of the National Academy of Engineering (Civil)

 Computer Science & Engineering
 See List of members of the National Academy of Engineering (Computer science)

 Electric Power/Energy Systems Engineering
 See List of members of the National Academy of Engineering (Electric power and energy systems)

 Electronics Engineering
 See List of members of the National Academy of Engineering (Electronics)

 Industrial, Manufacturing & Operational Systems Engineering
 See List of members of the National Academy of Engineering (Industrial, manufacturing, and operational systems)

 Materials Engineering
 See List of members of the National Academy of Engineering (Materials)

 Mechanical Engineering
 See List of members of the National Academy of Engineering (Mechanical)

 Earth Resources Engineering
 See List of members of the National Academy of Engineering (Earth resources)

 Special Fields & Interdisciplinary Engineering
 See List of members of the National Academy of Engineering (Special fields and interdisciplinary)

References

National Academy of Engineering
National Centre for the Evaluation of Photoprotection. The National Centre for Evaluation of Photoprotection (NCEP), also known as the National Institute for Evaluation of Photoprotection, is a French research center dedicated to the study and analysis of plastic materials, including the identification of failed mechanisms and the study of material durability.

Overview 
The center's research specializes in improving the safety and efficacy of plastics. Key methods include conducting physicochemical analyses to determine the causes of material failures. A significant part of this process involves the use of both artificial and natural aging tests to predict the long-term performance and stability of these materials. This research plays an essential role in enhancing the reliability and safety of polymer-based products, including nanocomposite and composite materials with polymer matrices.

History

The National Institute for the Evaluation of Photoprotection is a subsidiary of Blaise Pascal University and was created in 1986 by Professor Jacques Lemaire, former head of the Laboratory of Molecular and Macromolecular Photochemistry (LPMM) . The center's initial objective was to transfer LPMM's research on polymer photoaging to industrial companies facing increasing problems of plastic degradation, such as yellowing and bleaching.

The center is associated both with the LPMM and companies in the field of polymer applications. NCEP employs tools for the physicochemical analysis of polymer material degradation such as infrared and UV-visible spectroscopy, and serves as an interface between polymer producers, transformers, and constructors. Additionally, NCEP carries out the Papylum Project to develop expertise in the analysis and primarily restoration of organic material involved in works of art as well as the determination of common initial properties of polymers.

See also
Plastics
Nanocomposite
Composite materials
Polymer
Oxidation
Polymer degradation
Quality control
Standardization
Photochemistry
Weather testing of polymers
:fr:Photovieillissement accéléré en SEPAP (French)
Weathering

Notes and references

Polymers
Materials degradation
Permissive Working. Permissive Working on a railway in the United Kingdom allows more than one train at a time to be on the same line in a block section, a signal section or a dead-end platform line.

Authorisation
The areas where Permissive Working is allowed are given in Table A of the Network Rail Sectional Appendix.

Exceptions

Even where it is not authorised, a shunting movement can be allowed to enter a portion of line that is already occupied providing that it is for the purpose of:
attaching vehicles
detaching vehicles
removing vehicles.

Driving towards another train

When it is permitted to drive a train towards the rear of another train, such as where trains queue to enter or exit a depot, the driver must:
proceed with caution
not pass a signal which has been cleared for the train in front until it has been replaced to danger and then cleared for their movement.

References

Railway signalling block systems