omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Blockchain analysis. Blockchain analysis is the process of inspecting, identifying, clustering, modeling and visually representing data on a cryptographic distributed-ledger known as a blockchain. The goal of blockchain analysis is to discover useful information about different actors transacting in cryptocurrency. Analysis of public blockchains such as Bitcoin and Ethereum is typically conducted by private companies like Chainalysis, TRM Labs, Elliptic, Nansen, CipherTrace, Elementus, Dune Analytics, CryptoQuant, and Ormi Labs.

Cryptocurrency exchanges 
Cryptocurrency exchanges are often required by law to address the source of funds for crypto traders. For example, Singapore, Japan, and the United States have all passed laws that require exchanges to track the source of the crypto funds. In the United States, the Bank Secrecy Act requires cryptocurrency businesses to implement know-your-customer and anti-money laundering programs, including registering with FinCEN as a money service business.

Blockchain analysis enables law enforcement to trace cryptocurrencies back to individuals wallets on exchanges, which can then be subpoenaed for information on criminal actors.

Method 
Because blockchains are typically public, anyone can view the contents of transactions by querying a node or block explorer site (such as Etherscan.io or BitRef.com). By using common-spend clustering algorithms, it is possible to map the transactions of certain entities on the blockchain. This is how criminals are being caught moving illicit funds using various cryptocurrencies.

Law enforcement and blockchain surveillance  
Blockchain analysis has helped produce evidence in several high interest cases. In 2018, an analysis of bitcoin transactions uncovered a link between major cryptocurrency exchange BTC-e and Fancy Bear. In 2019, a major website hosting child sexual abuse material was taken down by law enforcement using blockchain analysis techniques. 

In 2021, the US Department of Justice used blockchain analysis to recover most of the ransom from the Colonial Pipeline ransomware attack. In 2022, IRS Criminal Investigations used blockchain analysis to seize over 50,000 bitcoin stolen from the Silk Road dark web marketplace.

References 

Blockchains
UV-328. UV-328 (2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-di-tert-pentylphenol) is a chemical compound that belongs to the phenolic benzotriazoles. It is a UV filter that is used as an antioxidant for plastics.

Properties 
UV-328 has a melting point of 80-86 °C, a vapor pressure of 4,6·10−5 Pa (20 °C) and a water solubility of 0,17±0,07 μg·l−1 (25 °C).

The octanol-water partition coefficient (log KOW) is 7,93.

Applications 
UV-328 is a light stabilizer for a variety of plastics and other organic substrates. Its use is recommended for the stabilization of styrene homopolymers and copolymers, acrylic polymers, unsaturated polyesters, polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins, polyurethanes, polyacetals, polyvinyl butyral, elastomers and adhesives. It protects polymers and organic pigments from UV radiation and helps maintain the original appearance and physical integrity of moldings, films, sheets and fibers during outdoor weathering. The application concentration is 0.1-1 %.

UV-328 is recommended for applications such as automotive coatings, industrial coatings, commercial inks such as wood stains or do-it-yourself inks.

Hazard 
UV-328 is persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) as well as very persistent and very bioaccumulative (vPvB). Thus, it is in the list of substances of very high concern. The 2023 Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants took the decision to eliminate the use of UV-328, by listing this chemical in Annex A to the Convention.

A bioaccumulation factor (log BAF) of 2,6–3,4 was determined in fish from Canadian rivers. It may cause long lasting harmful effects to aquatic life.

UV-328 has been found to be associated with adverse health effects in mammals based on repeated-dose toxicity studies conducted in rats and dogs, with the primary health effect being liver toxicity. It is also associated with adverse effects on the kidney based on the study in rats.

The finding of UV-328 in plastics sampled on remote beaches, in stomachs of seabirds and in preen gland oil show that it is also transported over long distances and is taken up by biota. Detections in Arctic biota include eggs of common eider, kittiwake, European shag and glaucous gull as well as the livers of mink.

See also 
Tinuvin 770

References 

Benzotriazoles
Phenyl compounds
Antioxidants
Persistent organic pollutants under the Stockholm Convention
List of production cars by power output. This list of most powerful production cars in the world is limited to unmodified production cars which meet the eligibility criteria below. All entries must verified from reliable sources.

Eligible cars 

Because of inconsistencies in the definitions of production cars, dubious claims by manufacturers and self-interest groups, and inconsistent or changing application of definitions, this list has a defined set of requirements. For explanation of how these were determined, see the links above.

For the purposes of this list, a production car is defined as a vehicle that conforms to at least one of the following two definitions:

(A.)

 Constructed principally for retail sale to consumers for their personal use, and to transport people on public roads (no commercial or industrial vehicles are eligible)
 Had 25 or more instances made by the original vehicle manufacturer and offered for commercial sale to the public in new condition (cars modified by either professional tuners or individuals are not eligible)
 Street-legal in their intended markets and capable of passing any official tests or inspections required to be granted this status

(B.)

Constructed principally for retail sale to consumers, for their personal use, to transport people on public roads (no commercial or industrial vehicles are eligible)
 Available for commercial sale to the public in the same specification as the vehicle used to achieve the record
 Manufactured in the record-claiming specification by a manufacturer whose WMI number is shown on the VIN, including vehicles modified by either professional tuners or others that result in a VIN with a WMI number in their name (for example, if a Porsche-based car is remanufactured by RUF and has RUF's WMI W09, it is eligible; but if it has Porsche's WMI, WP0, it is not eligible)
 Pre-1981 vehicles must be made by the original vehicle manufacturer and not modified by either professional tuners or individuals
 Street-legal in its intended markets, having fulfilled the homologation tests or inspections required under either a) United States of America, b) European Union, or c) Japanese law to be granted this status
 Sold in more than one national market

Further limitations 
For the purpose of manageability, this list is limited to production cars that have at least 600 kilowatts. Car models with higher-powered variants are listed only in their most powerful incarnation (for example, the Agera RS would be listed in place of the standard Agera, although the Agera makes over 600 kW). For the timeline of most powerful cars, the production car definition is only applied to modern (post-WWII) cars due to the scarcity of reliable info on Veteran and Vintage era automobiles.

Most powerful production cars

Timeline of most powerful production cars

See also 

 Engine power
 List of fastest production cars by acceleration
 Production car speed record
 List of automotive superlatives

References

Car performance
Horsepower
Car-related lists
Single particle extinction and scattering. Single Particle Extinction and Scattering (SPES) is a technique in physics that is used to characterise micro and nanoparticles suspended in a fluid through two independent parameters, the diameter and the effective refractive index.

A laser generates a gaussian beam which focuses inside a flow cell. A particle that passes through the focal region generates an interference in the beam, which is collected with a sensor. Through this signal it is possible to derive the real part and the imaginary part of the forward scattering field from each particle.

The technique was developed to measure aerosols in air and particles in liquid.

References 

Experimental physics
Laser science
RAESR. RAESR (unabbreviated as Rice Advanced Engineering Systems and Research) is an American automobile manufacturer founded in 2014 in Los Angeles, California by Eric Rice. The company is based in Los Angeles, California and specializes in the production of electric sports cars. Their prototype model, the "Tachyon Speed", was first introduced to the public in late 2017 through an electric vehicle infrastructure series made by E.ON, one of Europe's largest energy conglomerates.

Company 

The company was founded  in 2014 in Los Angeles, California by Eric Rice. Rice came up with the inspiration for the car in 2012, by drawing an early version of the car which looked like a jet fighter fuselage. This encouraged him to build the car. He started with the chassis production and brought on other engineers and designers to help. For their first model they came up with name Tachyon, which is a hypothetical particle that always travels faster than light. The word tachyon comes from the Greek word "tachus," which means "fast."

In 2017, RAESR completed production of their first prototype, the Tachyon Speed, and started working on their first production model.

Their cars are electric, using rechargeable batteries.

Tachyon Speed prototype 

 The RAESR Tachyon Speed is a prototype electric sports car produced in-house by RAESR in Los Angeles, California. RAESR claims their design was inspired by a jet fighter and Le Mans Prototype. The RAESR Tachyon Speed's electric motors produce over  and a cumulative torque value of  and can reach a top speed of . The car's battery pack is capable of generating power bursts of 1.4 megawatts and has a range of . The production model pricing will start at .

See also 
 Rimac Automobili
 Tesla
 Pininfarina

References

External links 
 http://www.raesr.com – RAESR website

Car manufacturers of the United States
Battery electric vehicle manufacturers
Electric vehicle manufacturers of the United States
Luxury motor vehicle manufacturers
Motor vehicle manufacturers based in California
Sports car manufacturers
Car brands
Allan L. Scherr. Allan L. Scherr (born November 18, 1940) is an American computer scientist notable for his work in time-sharing operating systems and leading the original development of the IBM MVS operating system, used on IBM mainframe computers.

Scherr was born in Baltimore, Maryland, on November 18, 1940. In 1958, he graduated from the Baltimore Polytechnic Institute. In 1962, he earned his S.B. and S.M. at MIT, where his studies were focused on computer logic design.

As a Ph.D. student at MIT, Scherr was a part of the original group of graduate students in Project MAC (a part of the future Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory) and earned a Ph.D. in 1965. His research involved measuring and modeling the performance of the Compatible Time-Sharing System, which earned him the Grace Murray Hopper Award in 1975.

In 1965, Scherr joined IBM. He worked on the architecture for the IBM System/370 computers and did work that was instrumental in establishing the IBM System/360 Operating System. In 1971, he became a part of the IBM task force that proposed the creation of MVS, and managed the project until its release in 1974. In 1977, he took over the management of the development of the IBM DPPX for the IBM 8100 minicomputer. In 1991, he became vice president of technology of the IBM Consulting Group. He was named an IBM Fellow in recognition of his contributions to IBM.

After leaving IBM, he retired from the EMC Corporation in 2001, where he was senior vice president of software engineering. In 2015 he ran for Town Board of Rhinebeck, New York.

References

1940 births
Living people
American computer scientists
American engineers
21st-century American engineers
Baltimore Polytechnic Institute alumni
MIT School of Engineering alumni
Grace Murray Hopper Award laureates
Robert Agarobe. Robert Agarobe is a Papua New Guinea businessman and politician. He was the Governor of Central Province and a Member of the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea, but was unseated by Rufina Peter in the 2022 Papua New Guinean general election.

Early life 
Agarobe was born at Sopas Hospital in Enga Province. He attended Gabagaba Primary School and Kwikila High Secondary. He obtained a certificate in Trade and Aircraft Maintenance from Port Moresby Technical College. He then became an apprentice with Aircair Ltd in 1984. He became a Licensed Aircraft Maintenance Engineer. Through his career, he worked for Islands Nationair, Heli Niugini, Helitech, PNGDF Air Transport Wing, RPNGC Police Air Wing, Helicopter Resources Australia, and Berjaya Air. In September 1998, he founded his own company, Helifix Aviation.

Political career 

He was first elected to the National Parliament at the 2017 general election, running as an independent candidate. Following his election, he joined the Pangu Party. He then became the Chairman of the Economic Policy Committee. On 24 May 2019, he moved from the Government to the Opposition.

Agarobe has described his vision to move provincial government offices from the National Capital District, which is surrounded by Central Province, into towns such as Kwikila, Kupiano, Bereina and Tapini. This has brought Agarobe in conflict with representatives of National Capital District, particularly Motu Koita Assembly Chairman and Deputy Governor of NCD, Dadi Toka Jr, who has been openly critical of Agarobe's claims to Motu Koitabu tribal lands.

References 

Members of the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
IEEE Security & Privacy. IEEE Security & Privacy is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by  jointly by the IEEE Computer Society and the IEEE Reliability Society. It covers  security, privacy, and dependability of computer-based systems. The publication includes studies, surveys, tutorials, columns, and in-depth interviews of interest to the information security industry.

The editor in chief is  Sean Peisert; the preceding editor was David M. Nicol.

It is indexed in Scopus and in Science Citation Index Expanded; the 2020 impact factor is  3.573.

References

External links

Security & Privacy, IEEE 
Computer science journals
English-language journals
Vadim Utkin. Vadim Ivanovich Utkin (; 30 October 1937 – 18 September 2022) was a Russian-American control theorist, electrical engineer and a professor of Electrical Engineering and Mechanical Engineering at the Ohio State University. He is best known for being one of the originators of Sliding Mode Control and Variable Structure Systems, which have become fundamental concepts in the field of nonlinear control (e.g. robust control).

Biography 
Utkin was born in Moscow, Soviet Union. He was with the Institute of Control Sciences from 1960 to 1994, where he served as its Head of Discontinuous Control Systems Laboratory from 1973 to 1994. He joined the Ohio State University in 1994 as the Ford Chair of Electromechanical Systems, and was the first professor to hold this distinction  until 2002.

He was an IEEE Fellow, and he has been the recipient of awards such as the Lenin Prize and the Humboldt Prize. He also holds honorary doctorates from the University of Sarajevo and Rovira and Vergil University.

Selected works 
 Sliding Modes and their Applications in Variable Structure Systems. Mir, Moscow, 1978.
 Sliding Modes in Control and Optimization, Springer Verlag, 1992.
 Sliding Mode Control in Electro-Mechanical Systems, Taylor & Frencis. 1st edition 1999, 2nd edition 2009.

References 

1937 births
2022 deaths
Control theorists
Fellows of the IEEE
Ohio State University faculty
Russian emigrants to the United States
Scientists from Moscow
Jugal Kalita. Jugal Kalita is a professor and department chair of computer science at the  College of Engineering and Applied Science within the University  of Colorado, Colorado Springs. (UCCS)

Academics

Jugal Kalita is founder of the Language Information and Computation (LINC) Lab 
 at the University of Colorado Colorado Springs (UCCS).

Authorship
 On Perl: Perl for Students and Professionals, 2003, Universal Publishers
 Network Anomaly Detection: A Machine Learning Perspective, with Dhruba K. Bhattacharyya, 2013, CRC Press
 DDOS Attacks: Evolution, Detection, Prevention, Reaction and Tolerance, with Dhruba K. Bhattacharyya, 2016,  CRC Press
 Network Traffic Anomaly Detection and Prevention: Concepts, Techniques, and Tools, with Monowar H. Bhuyan and Dhruba K. Bhattacharyya, 2017, Springer Nature
 Gene Expression Data Analysis: A Statistical and Machine Learning Perspective", with Pankaj Barah and Dhruba Kumar Bhattacharyya, 2021, CRC PressMachine Learning: Theory and Practice'', CRC Press, 2023 CRC Press
Data Mining: Theory and Practice, First Edition, with Dhruba K. Bhattacharyya and Swarup Roy, Elsevier, 2023 Elsevier

References

External links

Living people
American non-fiction writers
University of Colorado Colorado Springs faculty
1960 births
María Guðjónsdóttir. María Guðjónsdóttir (born 1980) is a professor of food science at the University of Iceland.

Education
María graduated from the menntaskóli Menntaskólinn í Reykjavík in 2000, obtained a BS degree in chemical engineering from the University of Iceland in the spring of 2004, a master's degree in chemical engineering with engineering physics from the Chalmers University of Technology in 2006, and a PhD in biotechnology from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in 2011.

Career

Academic posts
Alongside her studies María worked as a project manager for the Icelandic fisheries laboratories (2005–2006) and later at the Matís food and biotech research institute (2007–2012). María worked as a post doctorate fellow at the Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRA) in France in 2011–2012. In 2015, María got a position as assistant professor at the Technical University of Denmark (2013–2015) and then she became assistant professor at the University of Iceland in 2015. María was promoted to associate professor in 2016 and to professor in 2018, at the age of 37. As of 2019, María is the vice dean of the Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition at the University of Iceland.

Research and publications
María's research focus lies in the use of fast quality assessment methods to analyze the quality of food throughout the value chains, including both the characteristics of the raw material and their health effects upon consumption. Amongst analytical quality methods that María specializes in are various spectroscopic methods (near infrared (NIR), visual (VIS), ultraviolet (UV) etc.), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). María has published numerous peer-reviewed scientific articles. Detailed overviews of María's main research projects and publications can be seen on her ORCID, SCOPUS and Researchgate pages.

References 

1980 births
Living people
Maria Gudjonsdottir
Women food scientists
Maria Gudjonsdottir
Maria Gudjonsdottir
University of California, Santa Barbara alumni
Chalmers University of Technology alumni
Norwegian University of Science and Technology alumni
Academic staff of the Technical University of Denmark
Supply chain analytics
Charles Wurdeman. Charles H. Wurdeman (1871-1961) was an architect and builder based in Columbus, Nebraska. Several of his works are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

Life
Wurdeman was born in Sherman Township, Platte County, Nebraska, on January 28, 1871. He graduated from the University of Illinois.

Wurdeman worked for 60 years as a builder and/or architect. He created a type of reinforced concrete using crushed local flint rock and cement from Holland. From 1945 to 1959, he was a partner in Wurdeman and Wurdeman, an architectural firm he co-founded with his son, Harold Wurdeman.

Wurdeman died July 1, 1961, in Columbus.

Works
Works by Charles Wurdeman include:
Dr. Carroll D. and Lorena R. North Evans House (1908), 2204 14th St., Columbus, Nebraska, NRHP-listed.
L. Frederick Gottschalk House (1911), 2022 17th St., Columbus, NRHP-listed.
Columbus Carnegie Library (1913-1915), 1470 25th Ave., Columbus
St. Stanislaus Parochial School (1914-1915), Duncan, Nebraska
Platte County Courthouse (Nebraska) (1920–22), 2610 14th St., Columbus, NRHP-listed.
Assumption School (1920–21)
St Bernard's School (1923), rural Platte County, Nebraska
Grotto (1926–27) of St. Michael's Catholic Church (Tarnov, Nebraska), jct. of Third & Cedar Sts., Tarnov, Nebraska, NRHP-listed.

Successor firms
A successor firm Reed, Wurdeman & Associates', with partners Raymond H. Reed and Harold C. Wurdeman, to which Charles H. Wurdeman consulted, continued to 1969.  The continuing firm changed its name to Reed, Veach and Wurdeman Associates in 1969, and evolved into telecommunications engineering and billing.  In 1996 it became RVW, Inc. and absorbed the firm of Scheiddegger Engineering Company. In 2019 it is still headquartered in Columbus and provides professional services in several areas, still including architectural planning and design.

Notes

References

1871 births
1961 deaths
People from Columbus, Nebraska
University of Illinois alumni
Architects from Nebraska
20th-century American architects
Loudenslager Laser 200. The Loudenslager Laser 200 is a single place, mid wing, aerobatic monoplane designed and built by Leo Loudenslager. It is constructed of steel tubing and covered with Ceconite fabric.

Design and development
In an effort to perfect the design of the Stephens Akro, Loudenslager conducted modifications to increase roll rate, climb rate, and overall strength while decreasing the empty weight. These modifications included grinding away unnecessary bosses and casting flash, which removed 12 pounds from the engine alone, as well as spot drilling the canopy. A high strength wing was achieved using a single piece wooden spar. Longer full-span ailerons greatly increased the roll rate. The resulting aircraft contained only 10% of the original design, the rest being Loudenslager's own work. The design greatly influenced the next generation of aerobatic aircraft such as the Extra 300, which dominated aerobatics throughout 1990's.

Operational history
The Laser 200 was flown to victory in seven US National Aerobatic Championships, and one World Aerobatic Championship.

Variants
Stephens Akro
Original Variant

Specifications

References

External links
 Smithsonian

Aircraft first flown in 1971
1970s United States sport aircraft
Aerobatic aircraft
Unidirectional data flow. In information technology and computer science, the pattern of applying one-way mutations on an immutable data state is called unidirectional data flow. Separation of state changes from presentation has many benefits and was popularized with Redux for unidirectional data flow combined with React for presenting, or rendering, data state.

See also
 Data (computing)
 Unidirectional network
 Diode

References

External links
 Redux concepts
 MobX principles

Cognition
Models of computation