omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
National Tube Works (McKeesport, Pennsylvania). The National Tube Works, operated by the National Tube Company, was a large steel tube foundry located in McKeesport, Pennsylvania. The tube works employed a large amount of the town and were a symbol of the town itself. Its closure in 1987 severely impacted the town's economy and contributed towards its decline.

History 
The tube works were first constructed in 1869 by John and Harvey Flagler of Boston, Massachusetts. Already having small-scale experience with tube production, they purchased the Fulton, Bolman Company, with their headquarters in McKeesport and  constructed a plant in the town.
From 1869 to 1901 the plant had major success in its operations. Rolling mills were installed in the 1880s, as well as blast furnaces, and a greater number of lap and butt welding furnaces were also built. The works became highly automated, resulting in a very efficient manufacturing process. Various mergers took place starting in 1891, when the company merged with Republic Iron's South Side Works. This ended in 1901 with it finally being acquired by the United States Steel Corporation. At the time, the McKeesport plant was the world's largest producer of steel pipe.

Steel strikes impacted the plant, with one each occurring in 1909 and 1919. Although tensions between the workers and the company were high, the production of steel pipe was not affected.

During the 1930s the company had major success with the rise of the automobile. The company's inspection procedures set a standard for the production of steel tube. Both seamless and welded manufacturing processes were perfected by the company and impacted other manufacturers in their products. National Tube manufactured over fifty different types of tube during the time.

As Pittsburgh's steel industry declined during the 1970s and 1980s, National Tube was hit hard by the financial issues that affected the American manufacturing industry at the time. Demand was at an all-time low. The final nail in the coffin was a large strike in 1986. Even after the strike ended, the company announced that the McKeesport plant, along several other plants, would be closed for good. National Tube's McKeesport plant was shuttered on August 29, 1987. The company had become a symbol of the town, with the nickname "Tube City" being applied to it.

References 

History of Pittsburgh
1869 establishments in the United States
1987 disestablishments in the United States
McKeesport, Pennsylvania
Matthew Lorber. Matthew Lorber (December 26, 1934 – October 21, 2022) was an American electrical engineer and entrepreneur.

Early life and education 

Lorber was raised in Brooklyn, NY, with his parents (Jacob and Estelle Lorber), paternal grandparents (Ester), sisters Joan Rosenman and Elaine Rothstein, and his aunt Lenn. He attended P.S. 197 and graduated from Freeport High School on Long Island. He received his Bachelors (1956) and Masters (1958) degrees in Electrical Engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He married Susan Marriott Lorber in 1967.

Career 
Lorber joined MIT's Instrumentation Lab (later Draper Labs), where he helped develop the inertial navigation system for the U.S. Navy's first submarine-launched ballistic missile. He founded Analog Devices with his classmate Ray Stata in 1965. He later founded Copley Controls, acquired by Analogic Corporation in 2008.

Philanthropy 
Lorber established the Lorber Family Foundation dedicated to expanding opportunities for those less fortunate.

References 

1934 births
American business executives
MIT School of Engineering alumni
2022 deaths
Jacqueline O'Connor. Jacqueline O'Connor is an American mechanical engineer whose research concerns the fluid dynamics in combustion, including the experimental observation of reacting flows using high-speed lasers, and decarbonization of carbon-intensive industries. She is a professor of mechanical engineer at Pennsylvania State University, where she heads the Reacting Flow Dynamics Laboratory.

Education and career
O'Connor graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2006 with a bachelor's degree in aeronautics. She went on to graduate study in aerospace engineering at Georgia Tech, where she received a master's degree in 2009 and completed her Ph.D. in 2012.

She joined the Pennsylvania State University faculty after postdoctoral research at Sandia National Laboratories. She is also affiliated with the Penn State Institute of Energy and the Environment, and an associate director of the Penn State Climate Consortium.

Recognition
O'Connor was named as an ASME Fellow in the 2020 class of fellows; she is also an associate fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. She was one of two recipients of the Hiroshi Tsuji Early Career Researcher Award of the Combustion Institute.

In 2024, she received the Penn State Alumni/Student Award for Excellence in Teaching and was named as a Penn State Teaching Fellow.

References

External links
Reacting Flow Dynamics Laboratory

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American mechanical engineers
American women engineers
Women mechanical engineers
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Georgia Tech alumni
Pennsylvania State University faculty
Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Cynthia Chapple. Cynthia Chapple is an American research chemist and non-profit executive. Chapple is the founder and managing director of Black Girls Do Stem. This program was created with a mission to increase curiosity through deliberate education access and opportunities in science, engineering, and mathematics.

Early life and education 
Chapple grew up in the South Side of Chicago, Illinois with her parents and seven siblings. Chapple's father was a security guard, while her mother worked as a nursing assistant. She first encountered a large divide when she attended a math course at the University of Illinois Chicago, where she was one of the only black students. At fifteen she was accepted into a biology program at Purdue University. Chapple earned her Bachelors of Science in Forensic and Investigative Science, as well as a Bachelors of Art in Chemistry.

She earned her Masters degree at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville in chemistry. While pursuing her education, Chapple faced racism and isolation for being a black woman.

Black Girls Do STEM 
Before establishing Black Girls Do STEM (BGDS), Chapple worked for ELANTAS PDG Inc. as a senior chemical researcher.

Chapple is the founder and director of Black Girls Do STEM (BGDS). Black Girls Do STEM was founded in 2018 in St. Louis, Missouri. Chapple's experience as a minority in her STEM classes and the workplace, led her to found BGDS while working on her masters in 2015.

In 2018, BDGS was officially starting up their first after-school classes. The program is geared towards black girls in grades six- twelve from inner-cities. During each session, Chapple creates an immersive experience for the girls to get hands on with STEM activities. These activities span from a range of different STEM ideas, but also incorporate everyday life: recipes, bus routes, astrology, makeup, and more. As Black Girls Do STEM has grown over the years, Chapple has been able to recruit many mentors to join her team. All of these mentors are in the field of STEM, and Chapple uses this fact to introduce different areas of STEM to the girls.

References 

Living people
21st-century American chemists
American women chemists
Wikipedia Student Program
21st-century American businesspeople
American women in business
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century African-American scientists
Keller's reagent (metallurgy). In metallurgy, Keller's reagent is a mixture of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and hydrofluoric acid, used to etch aluminum alloys to reveal their grain boundaries and orientations. It is also sometimes called Dix–Keller reagent, after E. H. Dix, Jr., and Fred Keller of the Aluminum Corporation of America, who pioneered the use of this technique in the late 1920s and early 1930s.

Safety

Keller's reagent contains oxidizing nitric acid and toxic hydrofluoric acid. The reagent and its fumes may be lethal via contact, inhalation of its fumes, etc. Hydrogen produced on contact with some metals may pose a fire hazard.

See also
 Aqua regia

References 

Metallurgy
Chemical mixtures
Glyphosine. Glyphosine is a plant growth regulator used on sugar beet and sugarcane. It inhibits fiber production, causing the plant to divert more dry matter to sucrose storage.  of glyphosine were used in the US in 1974. It was first registered in 1972, though now is considered largely obsolete. In other plants, e.g. maize, it causes chlorosis by inhibiting plasmid RNA synthesis. It can be synthesized from chloroacetic acid and N,N-bis(phosphonomethyl)amine. Metals form complexes with glyphosine.

Chemically, glyphosine is a tertiary amine, a glycine derivative and a phosphonic acid.

It has been manufactured by CCA Biochemical and Monsanto, and sold under the "Polaris" trademark.

References

Links 

Herbicides
Acetic acids
Tertiary amines
Phosphonic acids
Plant growth regulators
Baljet reaction. The Baljet reaction is a qualitative and quantitative method of analysis published by Henri Baljet in 1918. This chemical reaction is used for the detection and colorimetric determination of cardenolides. To the sample, an aqueous hydroxide solution and an ethanolic picric acid solution is combined and added, with a positive test turning orange or red. The mechanism involves cardenolides 1 reacting in alkaline solution with picric acid 2 to form stabilized Meisenheimer complexes, as shown with the resonance form 3a to 3c:

See also
 Keller's reagent (organic)
 Dische test

References 

Chemical reactions
Analytical chemistry
Kumara Jayakody. Punya Sri Kumara Jayakody (පුණ්‍ය ශ්‍රී කුමාර ජයකොඩි )  is a Sri Lankan politician and an engineer, who has served as the Minister of Energy of the Government of Sri Lanka since November 2024. He is a member of the Parliament of Sri Lanka from National list since November 2024 as a member of the National People's Power. He is a member of the National People's Power (NPP), and also a national executive committee member of NPP.

He is an engineer by profession.

Kumara Jayakody is a Sri Lankan engineer and politician, currently serving as the Minister of Energy since November 18, 2024. He was appointed following the general election victory of President Anura Kumara Dissanayake's leftist coalition.

Jayakody entered Parliament via the National List on November 21, 2024, representing the National People's Power (NPP). As an engineer by profession, he brings technical expertise to his role, focusing on the country's energy sector.

In his capacity as Minister of Energy, Jayakody has engaged with renewable energy investors to explore sustainable energy solutions for Sri Lanka. He has also conducted inspections of key infrastructure, such as the Trincomalee oil tank complex, showcasing his commitment to improving the nation's energy framework.

References

Government ministers of Sri Lanka
Energy ministers of Sri Lanka
Living people
Members of the 17th Parliament of Sri Lanka
National People's Power politicians
Year of birth missing (living people)
Koen Pauwels. Koen Hendrik Pauwels is a Belgian-American professor and author. He is a Distinguished Professor of Marketing and Associate Dean of Research at Northeastern University's D'Amore McKim School of Business.

Education and career
Pauwels studied at St Joseph College, Turnhout and later pursued Commercial Engineering at the university level, completing internships in Germany and Ireland, where he first encountered marketing. He obtained a Master’s degree in Marketing with high distinction at Louvain-la-Neuve, focusing his thesis on competitive price response. He managed Telework Home, an enterprise employing physically challenged graduates for product design and marketing. After beginning a Ph.D. in Belgium, Pauwels transferred to UCLA in 1997, earning his Ph.D. in 2001. He joined Dartmouth’s Tuck School of Business as an assistant professor, achieving tenure in 2005.

He moved to Istanbul to help build the startup Ozyegin University, which expanded rapidly from 2008 to 2017. Through a Marie-Curie Reintegration Grant, he authored It's Not the Size of the Data – It's How You Use It in 2013. After a visiting scholarship at Harvard Business School in 2016, Pauwels joined Northeastern University in Boston in 2017, becoming a Distinguished Professor the following year. He holds adjunct and visiting roles at BI Norwegian Business School, Groningen University, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. His academic service includes the presidency of the American Marketing Association Academic Council (2021–2022) and Vice Presidency of Practice at INFORMS (2018–2022).

He is an Editor-in-Chief of the International Journal of Research in Marketing and serves on the boards of the Journal of Retailing, Marketing Letters, and the Journal of Interactive Marketing.

In 2023, Pauwels was named the Best Marketing Academic on the Planet by Mark Ritson in Marketing Week, and included in Stanford University's database of the top 2% of scientists globally.

References

External links 

Northeastern University faculty
Academic staff of BI Norwegian Business School
Academic staff of Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Blue Origin NS-28. Blue Origin NS-28 was a sub-orbital spaceflight mission, operated by Blue Origin, which launched on November 22, 2024 using the New Shepard rocket.

Crew

Details 
The flight's crew includes Emily Calandrelli, a science communicator and host of Emily's Wonder Lab, Marc and Sharon Hagle, who are flying on their second New Shepard flight (the first being NS-20), Austin Litteral, who won his seat as part of a giveaway, James (J.D.) Russell and Henry (Hank) Wolfond.

References 

Space tourism
2024 in spaceflight
Suborbital human spaceflights
2024 in Texas
New Shepard missions
Virgil Garnett Trice Jr.. Virgil Garnett Trice Jr. was one of few African-American chemical engineers during the 20th century in the United States.

Education 
Trice was born on February 3, 1926 in Indianapolis. Trice obtained three degrees within the discipline of engineering: Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering from Purdue University, Master of Science in Chemical Engineering from Purdue University, and a Master of Science in Industrial Engineering from Illinois Institute of Technology.

Career 
Subsequent to his education, Trice enlisted into the navy, the highest rank he achieved being ensign. Throughout his career, Virgil worked part time as an Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering at Howard University. For twenty-two years of his career, from 1949 to 1971, Trice worked at the Argonne National Laboratory as a chemical engineer. Trice's contributions here earned him a profile on Ebony magazine. Then, in 1971 Trice became a member of the Atomic Energy Commission. His work consisted of transforming atomic matter into useful items for the medical and industrial field. He also researched possible nuclear fuel reprocessing, while still considering the economical aspect of it. After he finished at Argonne National Laboratory, Trice went on to be a nuclear waste management engineer, employed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission until it dissolved, and then for the Energy Research and Development Administration. Finally, his last position was for the U.S. Department of Energy where he worked as a program manager and senior program analyst in radioactive waste management.

Trice lived to be 71, dying on October 31, 1997 in Gaithersburg.

References 
Wikipedia Student Program
1926 births
1997 deaths
Purdue University alumni
Illinois Institute of Technology alumni
20th-century African-American scientists
Tamara Bush. Tamara Reid Bush is an American biomechanical engineer whose research has included work on the mechanics of seated postures and its effects on the soft tissues of the body, mobility devices for disabled people, and the biomechanics of the thumb. She is a professor of mechanical engineering at Michigan State University, and associate dean for inclusion and diversity in the Michigan State University College of Engineering.

Education and career
Bush was a student at Michigan State University, where she earned a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering, a master's degree in mechanics, and a Ph.D. in experimental mechanics. She became a faculty member at Michigan State in 2009.

Recognition
Bush was elected as an ASME Fellow in 2016. She was elected to the 2021 class of the AIMBE College of Fellows, "for outstanding contributions to translating fundamental tissue biomechanics to applications in rehabilitation engineering and continuous support of women in STEM".

She was the 2020 recipient of the Founders' Award of the American Society of Biomechanics, given in recognition of "scientific accomplishment in biomechanics and excellence in mentoring". She received the Savio L-Y. Woo Translational Biomechanics Medal of the ASME in 2023, "for her career-long focus on translational biomechanics research, including recent work in thumb biomechanics and wheelchair seating that have clinical applications and will improve patient outcomes".

References

External links
Biomechanical Design Research Laboratory (Bush Lab)

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American bioengineers
American mechanical engineers
American women engineers
Women bioengineers
Women mechanical engineers
Michigan State University alumni
Michigan State University faculty
Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Fellows of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering
Diemert Defender. The Diemert Defender was an emergency fighter project invented by Bob Diemert of Manitoba. It was designed in the Cold war as a mass produced counterinsurgency aircraft against the possibility of invading soviet troops. It was later documented into a film.

Development
The aircraft was designed by stunt pilot and WW2 warbird restorer Bob Diemert who previously worked on movies such as The Battle of Britain and was working on restoring Mitsubishi A6M Zero that were salvaged from the jungles of the south pacific. During the 1980s, he designed his own aircraft which could be mass produced and a cost effective point defense aircraft for the RCAF.

See also

Dive bomber
Gunship
Light Attack/Armed Reconnaissance (LAAR) Program

References

Aviation history of Canada
Defender
Abandoned military aircraft projects of Canada
Counter-insurgency aircraft
Twin-boom aircraft
Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear
Unflown aircraft
Michael Musandu. Michael Musandu is a technology entrepreneur and the founder and CEO of Lalaland.ai, an Amsterdam-based fashion-tech startup that uses generative artificial intelligence (generative AI) to create hyperrealistic digital models for fashion brands.

Early life and education 
Musandu was born in Zimbabwe and raised in South Africa. In 2018, he completed a Bachelor of Science (BSc) in Computer Science at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU Amsterdam), specializing in Technology Entrepreneurship and completing a thesis titled "Enhancing Hologram Projection Systems Using Automatic Gesture Recognition." In 2019, he pursued a Master of Science (MS) in Artificial Intelligence at Utrecht University, where he was recognized for his work with awards such as the Breaking Science prize.

Career 
Musandu began his career as President of ESN VU Amsterdam from July 2017 to July 2018, where he led initiatives to support cultural exchange and engagement for international students at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.

In February 2019, he founded Lalaland.ai in Amsterdam, Netherlands, where leads the company as CEO, focusing on AI-driven fashion solutions for digital product creation and sales enhancement for brands. In June 2021, Lalaland was selected as the only Dutch startup in Google's highly competitive Black Founders Fund, securing funding, Google Ad Grants, Cloud credits, and mentorship to support Musandu's vision of diversity and innovation in fashion tech. Musandu was included in EW's 30 Under 30 list, MT Sprout's Inclusive 30 as the Best Young Entrepreneur of 2021, and MT Sprout's 25 Under 25.

Later, in September 2021, Musandu joined the Sigma Squared Society, a global community for young founders under 26. In 2022, Lalaland won the Tommy Hilfiger Fashion Frontier Challenge. In June 2022, Lalaland secured €2.1 million in a pre-Series A funding round led by Orange Wings, Unknown Group, and angel investors.

In 2023, Musandu was listed on the Forbes Europe 30 Under 30 for his work in technology and innovation.

References 

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam alumni
Utrecht University alumni
Zimbabwean businesspeople
Artificial intelligence researchers
Living people
1996 births
DEC700. The DEC700 is a low capacity diesel-electric multiple unit operated by JR West, being part of the efACE family. The sole unit, DEC700-1, was built by Kawasaki Heavy Industries, and has been in service since September 28, 2024.

The body of the DMU was based off of the 225 and 227 series EMUs also operated by JR West. DEC in the name of the unit means Diesel-Electric Car, and is also matched with the correspondence to the positions of D, E and C on the Chromatic scale.

Background and design 
Based on JR West's vision of "creating a sustainable railway and transportation system", this railcar was built to assess in improving maintenance efficiency, safety, and reduce manufacturing costs through system integration of electric and diesel railcars, reduction of mechanical parts, and modular construction.

The DEC700 was designed to be capable of switching to a hybrid system by using additional secondary batteries during technical verification.

Operational history 
The railcar was unveiled to the press at the Shimonoseki General Rolling Stock Center on August 11, 2021, and performance tests were conducted on August 16. From September 2021, full-scale trials were conducted on lines within the Yamaguchi Prefecture. Tests were also conducted not only in the jurisdiction of Hiroshima Branch but also in both Yonago and Kyoto areas. Hybrid tests were conducted from 2022.

Separately, as part of efforts to achieve carbon neutrality, demonstration experiments were conducted between 2022 and 2024 to introduce "next-generation biodiesel fuel", expected to have the same quality as diesel with the experiments conducted using the model and the KiHa 40 series. 

The railcar was placed into service on the "Hare no Mori" rapid service on the Kishin Line between Tsuyama and Niimi on weekends and holidays from September 28 to November 24, 2024.

References

Diesel multiple units of Japan
Train-related introductions in 2024
Kawasaki multiple units