omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Reginald Mountain. Reginald William Mountain (1899–1981) was a British civil engineer.

Mountain was born in London in 1899. He served as an officer of the British Army's Royal Engineers during the First World War. From 1919 to 1922 Mountain studied for a Bachelor of Science degree in engineering at Northampton Engineering Day College, graduating with a degree awarded by London University. He left the regular army and was placed in the Royal Engineers Special Reserve of Officers on 1 July 1921. At that point he held the rank of Second Lieutenant with seniority of 16 April 1921. He remained in the reserve and was promoted to Lieutenant on 7 August 1925 with his seniority backdated to 16 April 1923. Mountain left the reserve and resigned his commission on 15 November 1930.

Mountain undertook three years of pupillage with an engineer in Switzerland. During this time he wrote an academic paper on "Rotary converters for railway use" that was published by the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE) and won the institution's Miller Prize and James Forrest Medal. By 1931 Mountain had become an Associate Member of the ICE and was involved in hydro-electric energy and electricity systems. Mountain continued to publish academic papers on subjects relating to hydroelectricity including a description of the method of electricity transmission used by the Central Electricity Board in Scotland and economic aspects of hydroelectric developments. He wrote about the Galloway hydro-electric power scheme, co-authoring a book on the subject and writing a journal article on the connection of the scheme with the National Grid. Mountain collaborated with fellow hydroelectric engineer Angus Paton on a paper describing Paton's Owen Falls hydroelectric scheme built in 1948.

Mountain served as President of the ICE for the November 1962 to 1963 session. By this point he was a member of both the ICE and the Institution of Electrical Engineers. Mountain died in 1981.

References 

        
        
        
        
        
        

1899 births
1981 deaths
British civil engineers
Presidents of the Institution of Civil Engineers
Presidents of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers
British Army personnel of World War I
Royal Engineers officers
2,2-Dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone. 2,2-Dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone is a photoinitiator, which is used to initialize radical polymerization e.g. in the preparation of acrylate polymers. Under the influence of light the molecule will form radicals which initiate the radical polymerization. It can also be used as an initiator in the process of making an integrated circuit.

References 

Ketones
Ketals
Steel and Industrial Forgings Ltd. Steel and Industrial Forgings Ltd (SIFL) is a public sector undertaking (PSU) fully owned by Government of Kerala situated in Athani in Thrissur, Kerala state of India.  The company was incorporated in 1983 and started commercial production in 1986. It is an AS 9100 C and ISO 9001:2008 certified company.

References

State agencies of Kerala
Companies based in Thrissur
Engineering companies of India
1983 establishments in Kerala
Indian companies established in 1983
Manufacturing companies established in 1983
NK012. NK012 is a 'nanodevice' formulation of SN-38 (an irinotecan metabolite). NK012 is an SN-38-releasing polymeric micelle constructed by covalently attaching SN-38 to the block copolymer PEG-PGlu, followed by self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers in aqueous media.

It has completed phase II clinical trials for triple-negative breast cancer and relapsed small cell lung cancer. In 2016, Nippon Kayaku received orphan drug designation for NK012 from the US FDA. This means that if it is approved in the United States, Nippon Kayaku will be entitled to 7 years of market exclusivity. This is intended to incentivize future development, but does not mean the drug has been approved.

See also
 Nanomedicine
 Targeted drug delivery

References

Experimental cancer drugs
863rd Engineer Battalion. The 863rd Engineer Battalion is an engineer battalion of the United States Army first formed in 1942. The 863rd participated in World War II.

Lineage and honors 
 Constituted 15 July 1942 in the Army of the United States as the 1st Battalion, 922nd Engineer Regiment, Aviation
 Activated 1 August 1942 at Geiger Field, Washington, as the 1st Battalion, 922nd Engineer Aviation Regiment
 Redesignated 1 February 1942 as the 863rd Engineer Aviation Battalion
 Inactivated 15 June 1946 in the Philippine Islands
 Allotted 18 February 1949 to the Organized Reserve Corps
 Activated 24 March 1949 with headquarters at Chicago, Illinois
 (Organized Reserve Corps redesignated 9 July 1952 as the Army Reserve)
 Inactivated 17 January 1955 at Chicago, Illinois
 Redesignated 18 August 1959 as the 863rd Engineer Battalion
 Activated 1 October 1959 with headquarters at Aurora, Illinois

Campaign participation credit 
World War II
 New Guinea
 Leyte
 Luzon
Operation Enduring Freedom
Operation Inherent Resolve

Decorations 
 Philippine Presidential Unit Citation, Streamer embroidered 17 October 1944 to 4 July 1945

 Valorous Unit Award, Medal awarded to 863rd Engineer Battalion (Combat) (Heavy) for its performance in support of Task Force Strike, 2nd BCT, 101st Airborne Division throughout RC-South, Afghanistan, Operation Enduring Freedom; from 20 June 2010 to 15 April 2011.

Controversy
Operation Enduring Freedom
 Controversy briefly erupted shortly after ending operations in Afghanistan (August 2011) when the 863rd Engineer Battalion was accused of abandoning one of its attached subordinate units to adverse weather conditions during the demobilization process in order to allow its organic personnel not to be inconvenienced by Hurricane Irene.

References

link title

Engineer battalions of the United States Army
Site survey. Site surveys are inspections is an area where work is proposed, to gather information for a design or an estimate to complete the initial tasks required for an outdoor activity. It can determine a precise location, access, best orientation for the site and the location of obstacles. The type of site survey and the best practices required depend on the nature of the project. Examples of projects requiring a preliminary site survey include urban construction, specialized construction (such as the location for a telescope) and wireless network design.

In hydrocarbon exploration, for example, site surveys are run over the proposed locations of offshore exploration or appraisal wells. They consist typically of a tight grid of high resolution (high frequency) reflection seismology profiles to look for possible gas hazards in the shallow section beneath the seabed and detailed bathymetric data to look for possible obstacles on the seafloor (e.g. shipwrecks, existing pipelines) using multibeam echosounders.

See also
Wireless site survey
Site analysis
Survey

References 

Construction management
Field surveys
Franz Dinnendahl. Franz Dinnendahl (20 August 1775 - 15 August 1826) was a German engineer and industrialist who was most prominently known for his pioneering work during the industrialization in the Ruhr valley and building the first steam engine in Essen in 1803. He was among the founder and namesake of Westfalia Dinnendahl Gröppel.

Life
Dinnendahl was the son of a miller. As a youth he worked for two years as a swineherd and then for two years he earned his money selling coal. On the advice of his uncle he learnt to be a carpenter. It was here that his fascination for technology was born. When he received a contract to build a machine house out of wood, he became more interested in the machine than in the house.

The first steam engine - conceived in Britain - was employed in the Zeche Vollmond in Bochum-Langendreer. This was built in his first works in the Essener Innenstadt, on the Trentelgasse. Steam engines were to become extremely important for the extraction of coal in the Ruhr district. They were used, for example, for pumps to extract water from the lower levels. Dinnendahl established his own company and from 1801 to 1803 he constructed the first steam engine of his own construction.

In 1807 and 1808, he associated with Friedrich Krupp during the latter's spell as proprietor of the Gute Hoffnungshütte in Sterkrade.  
 
In 1821 his works were burnt down and he built a new factory in Bergerhausen (later: Westfalia-Dinnendahl-Gröppel AG).Popular legend has it that although he was an excellent engineer, he lacked business qualities such that he died in poverty in 1826. Yet the metal industry in general was experiencing hard times in the period after the end of the Napoleonic Wars and in 1818, Dinnendahl's works was a notable exception in that it  showed a modest profit and employed 60 men

According to some sources, he was betrayed by the Hütte Gute Hoffnung, who appropriated his expertise and then ruined his business by introducing competition to his business.

He was buried in the cemetery in Rellinghausen. In 1936, he was re-interred in an 'Ehrengrab' in the  Südwestfriedhof (South West Cemetery).

On the grounds of his former works at Trentelgasse 4 in Essen, a main tax office was erected in 1907/08, a memorial plaque was put there in remembrance of him. In 2006, the building was acquired by a private investor erworben, lavishly re-furbished and given the name of "Villa Dinnendahl". Today a private health academy occupies the building.

Dinnendahlstraße in Bergerhausen and Huttrop was named for Franz Dinnendahl in 1920. Elsewhere, the Franz-Dinnendahl-Realschule (school) in Essen-Kray bears his name.

References

Literature

Essener Beiträge - Beiträge zur Geschichte von Stadt und Stift Essen Band 26. - Essen : Fredebeul & Koenen, 1905, S. 5-52.

External links

1775 births
1826 deaths
19th-century German businesspeople
Engineers from Essen
Sterkrade
Steam engine engineers
18th-century German engineers
Vector Fabrics, B.V.. Vector Fabrics, B.V. was a software-development tools vendor originated from Eindhoven based in Zaltbommel, the Netherlands. They developed tools for programming multicore platforms. Vector Fabrics says to help software developers and OEMs that struggle to write error-free and efficient code for multicore and (heterogeneous) manycore processors.

Products

Vector Fabrics' Pareon Profile is a predictive profiling tool based on dynamic analysis to explore opportunities and bottlenecks for parallel execution of C and C++ code. The product includes a model of the target platform (e.g. ARM Android) to predict the performance and power gains of a proposed code rewrite. It has been used a.o. to optimize Blink and Webkit, the engine underlying the Chrome browser, the Bullet Physics engine, the IdTech4 game engine underlying Doom 3, and a number of video codecs and image processing applications.

Vector Fabrics' Pareon Verify uses dynamic analysis to find bugs in C or C++ application code. 
It has been used to find bugs in various open source software projects like PicoTCP, VTK, Navit and YARP.

vfTasks is an open-source library for writing multi-threaded applications in C and C++. It includes APIs for various synchronization and parallel programming patterns.

History

February 2007, Vector Fabrics was founded by three experts in multicore programming from NXP Semiconductors and Philips Research.

November 2012, Vector Fabrics was included in the EE Times 'Silicon 60' list of emerging startups.

June 2012, Vector Fabrics released Pareon Profile, a tool to help programmers optimize software for multicore platforms.

April 2013, Gartner selected Vector Fabrics as 'Cool Vendor in Embedded Systems & Software' in 2012.

May 2013, Vector Fabrics joined the Multicore Association (MCA).

May 2015, Vector Fabric moved from the center of Eindhoven, the Netherlands (Province of Brabant) to Zaltbommel, the Netherlands (Province of Gelderland).

October 2015 sees the public release of Pareon Verify, a tool to find software bugs via dynamic analysis.

Vector Fabrics was declared bankrupt in May, 2016.

References

External links
 Vector Fabrics website
 The open-source vfTasks library

Parallel computing
Compilers
Zaltbommel
Resin wicker. Resin wicker, also known as all-weather wicker, is a type of heavy-duty textile made from synthetic resin, such as polyethylene, and woven to imitate traditional wicker. 

It is primarily manufactured for use in outdoor garden furniture. In the UK, outdoor furniture made from resin wicker is sometimes referred to as "rattan garden furniture" because the traditional rattan materials, which were traditionally used have fallen out of fashion.

Wicker 

The term "wicker" is often use in to refer to two things: a type of material, and the method used to create it. Wicker works are generally meant to be lightweight, flexible, and durable; to achieve this, the materials used must have those properties, and the weave pattern must reinforce the structure while using as little material as possible to avoid becoming too heavy or rigid.

Materials 
Historically, materials derived from plants have been used to manufacture a variety of wicker products, such as baskets, trays, and both indoor and outdoor furniture. One commonly used plant material is rattan, which comes the rattan palm, traditionally used to make wickerwork furniture. In common usage, the term "rattan" is sometimes used interchangeably with "wicker"; however, rattan is the name of the specific plant-based fiber often used to create the wicker work. Rattan is somewhat elastic and often used to produce baskets, hampers and chairs. 

Resin wicker resembles the appearance of woven rattan by design. Polyethylene is the most common resin material used in resin wicker. Synthetic polyethylene fiber resin wicker is generally durable and resistant to stressors such as water damage, sun damage (from UV radiation), and natural decomposition.

Uses 
Resin wicker is often used over an aluminum frame to create lightweight outdoor furniture.

See also 

 Caning (furniture) – Specific furniture making technique; similar to wicker
 Synthetic fiber – Another synthetic material used in weaving

References

Plastics applications
Synthetic fibers
Woven fabrics
Bicycle lift. Bicycle lifts are powered mechanical systems for moving bicycles uphill. They are used where the steepness of a slope or other situations like subway crowds make riding uphill difficult.

They are used on transit to make areas more accessible and reduce conflict. Low budgets for bicycle infrastructure are an obstacle to their deployment. They are common in parts of East Asia and Europe.

Trampe bicycle lift

A trampe lift consists of a pedal mounted on a curbside track. The cyclist remains astride their bicycle and puts one foot on the conveyance's pedal, which is attached to a cable within the track. The pedal rises, pushing the bicycle and rider uphill. It also works for kick scooters. This system can be used for ascents of up to .

A trampe lift in Trondheim, Norway, formerly coin-operated, is now free (it starts on a button-press) and has become a major tourist attraction. It pushes cyclists up the steep Brubakken hill.  It was built in 1993 by a cyclist who wished to encourage casual cycling. It was rebuilt in 2013 and named the Cyclocable. It is 130m long, and cost 2800 USD per meter to build.

Bicycle escalator

A bike escalator (bike travelator, bike conveyor belt) is a very narrow escalator meant to take the wheels of a bicycle. They are frequently used in subway stations in Japan and South Korea. They run alongside stairs with the cyclist walking beside the bike holding the brakes on. The front brake must be released as the bike leaves the travelator, especially if it immediately has to turn a corner.

They may be made to adapt their speed to the walking pace of the cyclist and take all diameters and widths of bicycle wheels. They may have brushes on the sides to prevent the bicycle from leaving the escalator too quickly and rolling away from the cyclist. They are somewhat harder to use with bicycle without handbrakes (that is, with back-pedal brakes) as the user has to support more of the bicycle's weight.

Apart from being powered, they are similar to bike gutters (also called wheel gutters), U-shaped channels fastened at the sides of stairways, and may be installed to replace them. An upwards escalator may be paired with a downwards unpowered channel lined with brushes.

They are frequently used in subway stations in Japan and South Korea. They are also common in The Netherlands and are used in France.

Bike tow

In a bike tow, bikes are connected to an overhead line. The cyclist stays mounted and rides as the bike is pulled along. The tow lines are retractable (they reel themselves up, like some seatbelts do, when not in use). If not in use, they hang well above head height (except at the ends of the overhead towline, where they are low enough to reach, pull down, and attach to the bike).

Aerial-lift bike racks

A aerial-lift bike rack is a form of aerial lift designed to lift a bike rack instead of a car or chair. Bikes are loaded at one end and unloaded at the other. They may be used on ski hills for summer mountain biking.

See also
 Bicycle stairway (unpowered version)
 Cycling infrastructure
 Shopping cart conveyor (an escalator for shopping carts)

References

Cycling infrastructure
Escalators
NewDealDesign. NewDealDesign is a San Francisco-based design studio led by founder and principal designer, Gadi Amit. The studio consists of industrial, graphic, and interaction designers as well as mechanical engineers who help develop new technology products.

History 

NewDealDesign was founded in 2000 by Gadi Amit and Chris Lenart. Prior to founding the agency, Amit was Vice President of Design at Frog Design in San Francisco. He began his career in design at Scailex, an Israel-based design firm, after graduating from the Bezalel Academy of Arts and Design in Jerusalem.

Design and Growth 

Many of NewDealDesign’s projects are consumer electronics and wearable technology for companies, including Fitbit, Google, Intel, Dell, Lytro, Whistle and Sproutling.

The 2003 introduction of the PalmOne Zire 21, one of the fastest-selling PDAs of the early 2000s, gave NewDealDesign its breakthrough success. The product design was recognized by Bloomberg Businessweek for “expanding its appeal beyond the techie and corporate communities to the broader consumer market, especially women and first-time buyers.” In 2004, the NewDeal-designed Netgear Platinum II.

References

External links 
 NewDealDesign website
 Gadi Amit's design blog for FastCompany

Design companies of the United States
Companies based in San Francisco
2000 establishments in California
Industrial design firms
Graphic design studios
Product development
Product design
ICA IS-23. The ICA IS-23 was a single-engined high-wing monoplane with STOL capability that was built in Romania in the 1960s.  It was developed into the similar ICA IS-24.

Design and development
The IS-23 was designed by Iosif Șilimon, a Romanian better known for his series of sailplanes including the IS-3, -8, and -10 to -13.  In contrast, the IS-23 was a high-wing single-engined monoplane with a radial engine and tricycle undercarriage.  It was built to a Romanian government specification calling for an aircraft capable of agricultural and ambulance work or of towing gliders.  In addition, it was to have STOL capabilities.

The IS-23 was an all-metal aircraft.  It had a high cantilever wing with constant chord inboard and slight taper beyond with almost square tips. The wing was equipped with various high lift devices to achieve the required STOL capability.  The tail surfaces were constant chord and straight tipped, though the fin and rudder were slightly swept.  The tailplane was mounted on top of the fuselage. The rudder was horn balanced, fitted with a trim tab and cut away at the bottom to allow movement of the single piece elevator, also horn balanced.

It was powered by a compactly cowled 9-cylinder, 300 hp (220 kW) Ivchenko AI-14RF radial engine.  Behind it, the fuselage was flat sided.  The cabin stretched from forward of the wing to well behind it with almost continuous glazing on both sides and could accommodate up to six people including the pilot.  It could also be configured to carry two stretchers plus attendant and pilot.  There were doors to the front seats on both sides and a third, port side, passenger door. Beyond the cabin, the fuselage the straight upper fuselage line continued but sides and bottom tapered to the tail.  The IS-23's tall, fixed tricycle undercarriage had each main wheel supported from the fuselage centre line by a pair of asymmetric V-legs with a separate damping strut, mounted on the outer fuselage bottom, attached to the aft one. The wheeled undercarriage could be replaced with either floats or skis.

Trials of the IS-23 began in mid 1968.  Take off distances, dependent on load, were between 120–185 m (395–610 ft) and landings took 60–80 m (195–260 ft).  The aircraft was later developed into the ICA IS-24, chiefly by replacing the radial engine with a flat 6-cylinder Lycoming, reducing the cabin glazing and lowering and widening the undercarriage.

Specifications

References

1960s Romanian civil utility aircraft
IS-23
High-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1968
John B. Leonard. John Buck Leonard (1864–1945) was a pioneering bridge engineer and architect, early advocate for reinforced concrete, working mainly in northern California.

Life
Leonard was born in Union City, Michigan, and educated at Michigan State and the University of Michigan before going west in 1888. After brief periods in San Diego and Los Angeles, he settled in San Francisco. From 1889 he was employed there doing iron and steel engineering for various firms, including the Southern Pacific Railroad. Leonard opened his own consulting civil engineering office in 1904.

Even in the aftermath of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, resistance to fireproof reinforced concrete was strong. Leonard's analyses of concrete's superior performance in the earthquake and fire, especially Ernest L. Ransome's two buildings at Stanford University, and a constant stream of his articles and editorials in Architect and Engineer of California, changed the city's ordinances and gained national attention.

As of 1913 Leonard was in partnership with William Peyton Day. Together they produced the pamphlet The Concrete Bridge, showing examples and analyses of Leonard's work. In 1916 Day left to form the noted San Francisco firm of Weeks and Day.

Leonard would engineer about 20 buildings in post-1906 San Francisco, become increasing involved in building inspection, and ultimately design about 45 bridges in California.

Work
Leonard's work includes:
Virginia Street Bridge, Reno, Nevada, 1905 (demolished in 2016)
Clune's Auditorium (aka Temple Auditorium), Los Angeles, California, 1906 (demolished), with architect Charles Whittlesey
Engineering for the Sheldon Building, San Francisco, 1906, for architect Benjamin Geer McDougall
Fernbridge, over the Eel River south of Eureka, California, 1911 (unmodified, extant)
Gianella Bridge on State Highway 32, a steel swing bridge (one of Leonard's few steel designs) spanning the Sacramento River between Glenn and Butte Counties, 1911 (demolished 1987)
Van Duzen Bridge, spanning Van Duzen River at State Highway 36, Carlotta vicinity, Humboldt, California, 1922 (demolished)
Chili Bar Bridge, spanning South Fork of American River at State Highway 193, Placerville vicinity, El Dorado, California, 1922 (demolished)
Honcut Bridge, spanning South Honcut Creek at Honcut Road, Loma Rica, Yuba County, California, 1914 (demolished)

References

1864 births
1945 deaths
Concrete pioneers
Architects from San Francisco
University of Michigan alumni
People from Union City, Michigan