omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Oscar Pedersen (businessman). Oscar Eugen Nicolai Pedersen (6 November 1857 – 5 March 1913) was a Norwegian industrialist.

He was born in Fredrikshald. He attended middle school in Fredrikshald and technical school in Horten, and then studied chemistry at the Dresden University of Applied Sciences. He graduated in 1880, and worked as an engineer and chemist at the Hafslund Chemical Wood Pulp Factory () from 1883 to 1889. He came in contact with Carl Kellner, and in 1888 Kellner and Edward Partington bought the Borregård farm, acquired rights in Sarp Falls, and established the Kellner-Partington Paper Pulp Co. Ltd. Pedersen was hired as company manager. The company became Borregaard, which Pedersen developed until his relatively early death.

He married Swedish citizen Polly Wennberg (1866–1920) in April 1884. He died in March 1913 near Holmenkollen.

References

1857 births
1913 deaths
Norwegian chemical engineers
Norwegian businesspeople
Norwegian expatriates in Germany
People from Halden
Norwegian industrialists
Anatoly Morozov (scientist). Anatoly Alekseevich Morozov (, ; born 9 May 1939) is a Ukrainian scientist in the field of cybernetics. He is a Full Member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, a Full member (Academician) of the International Academy of Information Science and the Academy of Technological Sciences of Russia and the President of the Academy of Technological Sciences of Ukraine.

Early life and education
Morozov was born in Kiev, in the Ukrainian SSR of the Soviet Union, in present-day Ukraine. He was educated at the Kyiv Polytechnic Institute and was a student and follower of Victor Glushkov. From 1961 to 1992 he worked at the Institute of Cybernetics, Kiev. Since then he is with the Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems.

Notable works
Morozov was the chief designer of the automated control system of the Lviv manufacturing project, supervised by Glushkov. In 1970 Glushkov and the developers of Lviv were awarded the State Award of Ukrainian Socialist Republic.

Since May 1, 1986, Morozov has been involved in the liquidation of consequences resulting from the Chernobyl disaster. He worked directly in a failure-zone for the greater part of a year. He headed the Special Design Bureau of Mathematical Machines and Systems of the Institute Cybernetics Academy of Sciences, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and organized the Special Design Office of Experts of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. These bodies organized the ministries and departments of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic concerning the situational forecasting of radiation pollution of the Dnipro River and the territory of Ukraine. For this work he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labour.

Morozov is the Chief Designer of the RADA system, a hardware/software complex for the support of decisions by public authorities at various levels used by the Verkhovna Rada (Parliament of Ukraine). It is also used by various councils at different state levels in Ukraine and in several other countries. In 1998 he and the group of developers were awarded the State Award of Ukraine for this project.

Honors and awards
He has many state awards and honours, including the following:
 Full Member, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
 USSR State Prize, three times
 State Prize of the Ukraine SSR, three times
 Order of the Red Banner of Labour
 Order of Merit, Third Class

References

External links
 Anatoliy A. Morozov on the Institute of Mathematical Machines and Systems Problems website

1939 births
Soviet computer scientists
Cyberneticists
Recipients of the USSR State Prize
Living people
21st-century Ukrainian engineers
Members of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Laureates of the State Prize of Ukraine in Science and Technology
20th-century Ukrainian engineers
Port Victoria P.V.9. The Port Victoria P.V.9 was a British single-seat biplane floatplane fighter of the First World War.  Although claimed to be the best aircraft of its type yet to be tested, only a single prototype was built.

Design and development

In mid-1917, the RNAS Marine Experimental Aircraft Depot at Port Victoria on the Isle of Grain was instructed to build a new single-seat floatplane fighter as a possible replacement for the Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS)'s Sopwith Babies. The new aircraft was to combine the good manoeuvrability and pilot view of Port Victoria's earlier P.V.2 floatplane with superior speed.

Like the P.V.2, the new design, the Port Victoria P.V.9 was a single-engined sesquiplane (i.e. a biplane with its lower wing much smaller than its upper wing) braced with faired steel tubes. The fuselage, wider than that of the P.V.2, was mounted between the upper and lower wings, almost filling the inter-wing gap, giving an excellent view for the pilot. Armament was a Vickers machine gun synchronised to fire through the propeller disc, with a Lewis gun mounted above the upper wing firing over the propeller. Power was provided by a Bentley BR1 rotary engine. While the designers had hoped to use the same high-lift aerofoil section as used in the P.V.2, this was rejected by the Admiralty, who demanded the use of the more conventional RAF 15 aerofoil, which resulted in a larger aircraft with a reduced climb rate and ceiling.

Operational history

The P.V.9 made its maiden flight in December 1917, but trials were delayed by engine troubles and by a collision of the aircraft with a barge, which resulted in a propeller not being matched properly to the aircraft being fitted, further reducing performance. Despite this, when the P.V.9 was officially tested in May 1918, the P.V.9 was said to be the best seaplane fighter tested up to that time. No production followed, however, as the availability of Sopwith Pup and Camel landplanes which could operate from platforms aboard ships, removed the requirement for a floatplane fighter.

Specifications

See also

Notes

References

Bruce, J.M. British Aeroplanes 1914–18. London:Putnam, 1957.
Collyer, David. "Babies Kittens and Griffons". Air Enthusiast, Number 43, 1991. Stamford, UK:Key Publishing. . pp. 50–55.
Mason, Francis K. The British Fighter since 1912. Annapolis, Maryland:Naval Institute Press, 1992. .

External links
Port Victoria PV.9 (in Russian)

Floatplanes
1910s British fighter aircraft
PV9
Sesquiplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Rotary-engined aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1917
Single-engined piston aircraft
Atlantic and Gulf Railroad (1991–1999). The Atlantic and Gulf Railroad  was a shortline railroad that previously operated  of track between Thomasville and Sylvester, Georgia, via Albany.  The Atlantic & Gulf was created in 1991 from former CSX tracks and currently exists as part of the Georgia & Florida Railway, a subsidiary of OmniTRAX.

History

The Atlantic and Gulf consisted of two separate lines out of Albany. The route from Thomasville to Albany was originally built by the South Georgia and Florida Railroad and completed in June 1870. The SG&F later became part of the original Atlantic and Gulf Railroad, and the Savannah, Florida and Western by 1879. After 1882 the SF&W was simply known as the Plant System.

A second line ran from Albany to Sylvester, and was built by the Brunswick and Albany in 1872. By 1901 the railroad was part of the Savannah, Florida and Western. Both lines ended up under the Atlantic Coast Line umbrella in 1902, and through a number of mergers became part of CSX by 1986.

CSX sold both routes to Gulf and Ohio Railways subsidiary Atlantic and Gulf and service began February 15, 1991. Interchange was made with CSX at Thomasville, Norfolk Southern at Albany, the Georgia Great Southern at Albany until 1994, and the Georgia Southwestern at Albany after 1994. Commodities included coal, paper, grain, peanut oil, tires, forest products, and aggregates, which generated about 12,000 carloads in 1991.

On April 30, 1999, the Atlantic and Gulf was sold by Gulf and Ohio to North American RailNet subsidiary Georgia and Florida RailNet along with an adjacent Gulf & Ohio property, the Georgia and Florida.

See also

References

Gulf and Ohio Railways
Eshelman FW-5. The Eshelman FW-5 was a 1940s American experimental cabin monoplane designed and built at Dundalk, Maryland by the Cheston L. Eshelman Company.

Design and development
The FW-5 was a cantilever low-wing monoplane, it had an unusual wing planform in which the wing centre-section was blended into the fuselage, this gave rise to the name The Wing. It had a fixed tailwheel landing gear and was powered by a  Avco Lycoming flat-six piston engine. The enclosed cabin had room for a pilot and three passengers. First flown in 1942 only two aircraft were built.

Specifications

References

Notes

Bibliography

1940s United States civil utility aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1942
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
FLUGWAG Bremen ESS 641. The FLUGWAG Bremen ESS 641 was a 1970s German glider-towing monoplane designed and built by the Flugwissenschaftliche Arbeitsgemeinschaft Bremen research organisation.

Design and development
The ESS 641 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane  with a fixed tail-wheel landing gear. Powered by a  Avco Lycoming O-360 flat-four piston engine. The pilot had an enclosed cockpit with a transparent canopy.

Specifications

References

Notes

Bibliography

1970s German civil utility aircraft
Glider tugs
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1971
Port Victoria P.V.4. The Port Victoria P.V.4 was a prototype two-seat reconnaissance floatplane of the First World War.  The P.V.4 was a small single engined pusher biplane. It was unsuccessful as the engine it was designed around was a failure and alternatives were unsuitable, only one aircraft being built.

Design and development

In early 1916, the Port Victoria Marine Experimental Aircraft Depot designed a two-seat pusher configuration landplane fighter aircraft, (possibly designated the P.V.3). Although this was not built, Port Victoria was ordered to build a floatplane derivative for reconnaissance operations, being required to carry a Lewis gun and radio and to have an endurance of eight hours. The resultant aircraft, the Port Victoria P.V.4, had sesquiplane wings and a small streamlined nacelle for the two crew, which was attached to the upper wing. It was to be powered by a 150 hp (112 kW) Smith Static radial engine, an experimental engine which, while light, promised excellent fuel economy.

While the airframe of the prototype was completed during the autumn of 1916, the promised engine never appeared. When this became apparent, it became clear that possible alternatives such as the Hispano-Suiza 8 or Rolls-Royce Falcon could not be installed in the P.V.4, and eventually a 110 hp (82 kW) Clerget rotary engine was fitted, allowing the P.V.4 to undergo testing in June 1917.  The Clerget was longer than the Smith Static, however, which meant that the aircraft could not be rigged to be stable both at full power and with power off, with longitudinal control being lost at below 63 mph (101 km/h). As pusher aircraft were now considered obsolete, no further development took place.

Specifications

Notes

References

Bruce, J.M. British Aeroplanes 1914–18. London:Putnam, 1957.
Collyer, David. "Babies Kittens and Griffons". Air Enthusiast, Number 43, 1991. Stamford, UK:Key Publishing. . pp. 50–55.
Mason, Francis K. The British Fighter since 1912. Annapolis, Maryland:Naval Institute Press, 1992. .

External links
Port Victoria PV.4 (in Russian)

Floatplanes
1910s British fighter aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Rotary-engined aircraft
Sesquiplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1917
FVA-18. The FVA-18 Primitivkrähe () was a 1960s German lightweight training aircraft designed and built at Flugwissenschaftliche Vereinigung Aachen.

Design and development
The design and construction of the two-seat light aircraft was started in 1959 and it was first flown on 16 September 1965. It was a high-wing monoplane which looked similar to a primary glider, powered by a modified  Volkswagen motor car engine.

Specifications

References

Notes

Bibliography

1960s German civil utility aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1965
MaK G 1205. The MaK G 1205 is a class of four axle B'B' diesel-hydraulic locomotives built by the Maschinenbau Kiel factory.

Description and operations
The locomotives are of a similar design to the MaK G 1204 BB locomotives, with hydraulic transmission, B'B' wheel arrangement, and off-centre cab.

The first twelve locomotives were built for the Eisenbahn und Hafen in Duisburg, Germany, and were powered by a V 12 Caterpillar engine, the remainder were powered by a similarly powered V 12 MTU engine also used on the MaK G 1204 BB. The Voith hydraulic converter is the same as that used on the MaK G 1204 BB and MaK G 1202 BB.

Of the 19 MTU engined versions 6 were built for NISCO (National Iranian Steel Company), 10 have worked for a variety of German private railway companies, 1 for Graz-Köflacher Eisenbahn- und Bergbaugesellschaft mbH in Austria, and 2 for Banverket in Sweden.

See also
The Belgian Railways Class 77, of which 170 were built, is a development of the design.

References

External links

Images 

MaK locomotives
Diesel locomotives of Iran
Standard gauge locomotives of Austria
Standard gauge locomotives of Germany
Standard gauge locomotives of Iran
Standard gauge locomotives of Sweden
Railway locomotives introduced in 1991
Farman F.460 Alizé. The Farman F.460 Alizé () was a 1930s French civil training and touring monoplane designed and built by Farman to meet a French air ministry requirement.

Design and development
In the early 1930s the French air ministry issued a specification for a two-seat training and sport aircraft for the government-sponsored Popular Aviation Movement.  It was a high-wing parasol monoplane with a wide-track landing gear for rough-field operation.  The Alizé appeared after aircraft from other companies and no French order was placed. Ten aircraft were built for the Spanish Republican government for training schools in the Murcia area.

Specifications

Notes

Bibliography

1930s French civil trainer aircraft
Alize
Parasol-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Stringer (slag). Stringers are filaments of slag left in wrought iron after the production process. In their correct proportions their presence is beneficial, as they help to control the ductility of the finished product, but when the proportion of slag is too high, or when the filaments run at right angles to the direction of tension, they can cause weakness.

Manufacture
Wrought iron is no longer made. The particles of slag present in the iron after preparation by puddling were drawn into long fibres during the forging or rolling process. The proportion of slag was intended to be about 3%, but the process was difficult to control and examples with up to 10% slag were produced.

Applications
Stays made from puddled iron bar were used as a cheaper alternative to copper for joining the inner and outer firebox plates of steam locomotives. The incorporated stringers gave flexibility akin to stranded wire rope and  stays made of the material were therefore resistant to snapping in service. Wrought iron rivets made from iron bar typically contained stringer filaments running the length of the rivet, but filaments at right angles to the tension, particularly beneath the head, caused weakness.

See also
Anisotropy

References

Metallurgy
Iron
Robotic Optical Transient Search Experiment. The Robotic Optical Transient Search Experiment (ROTSE) is a multi-telescope experiment designed to observe the optical afterglow of gamma-ray bursts. The experiment currently consists of four telescopes located in Australia,  Namibia, Turkey, and at the McDonald Observatory near Fort Davis, Texas.

The Namibian telescope is located at the High Energy Stereoscopic System site in the Gamsberg mountains south-west of the capital Windhoek.

The ROTSE project is a collaboration of astrophysicists from the University of Michigan, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the University of New South Wales (Australia) and the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics (Germany).

The original ROTSE-I had 4 telephoto lenses of 11 cm aperture, covering a 16x16 degree field of view.  This detected the first afterglow of a GRB while the burst was still ongoing, but this was the only burst detected by ROTSE or the very similar Livermore Optical Transient Imaging System.   Therefore, ROTSE-II was designed, also featuring a large field of view, but it was never built, since new satellites such as HETE-2 and SWIFT could provide smaller error boxes, making a huge field of view unnecessary.  This led to the design of ROTSE-III, a more or less conventional telescope designed for fast slewing and operation at multiple locations around the world.

See also
 Livermore Optical Transient Imaging System
 List of astronomical observatories

References

External links
ROTSE homepage

Astronomical observatories in Texas
Astronomical observatories in Turkey
Astronomical observatories in Namibia
Astronomical observatories in New South Wales
Astronomical observatories in the United States
Optical telescopes
University of Michigan
Jonesite. Jonesite is a mineral with the chemical formula Ba4(K,Na)2[Ti4Al2Si10O36]*6H2O. This mineral is named after Francis Tucker Jones (1905–1993), who discovered the mineral while working as a Research Chemical Microscopist at Berkeley in CA. Jonesite has diffraction symmetry of mmm, which implies an orthorhombic system with all three axes perpendicular to each other and the angles between each axis equal to 90 degrees. In addition to symmetrical properties, Jonesite is a biaxial mineral with birefringence, which is a term to describe the difference between index of refraction. Jonesite is anisotropic, meaning the speed of light changes through the mineral, so the mineral shows color when viewed in crossed polarized light under a microscope.  The mineral also has medium relief, which is a measure of how well the mineral stands out when viewed under a microscope in plane polarized light. In addition to being one of the rarest minerals in the Benitoite Gem mine located in California, Jonesite also is the first titanosilicate mineral with a porous double-layered crystal structure. This discovery is important because titanosilicate frameworks have industrial uses in energy companies and are used in containing radioactive waste.

References

Inosilicates
Monoclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 11
Sanford-Herbert Motor Truck Company. The Sanford-Herbert Motor Truck Company (1909-1939) was a manufacturer of trucks in Syracuse, New York.

History

The Sanford-Herbert Motor Truck Company was founded in 1909 and manufactured trucks in Syracuse for over 30 years until 1939.

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References

External links 
 Lefever Arms Collectors Association website

Defunct truck manufacturers of the United States
Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United States
Motor vehicle manufacturers based in Syracuse, New York
Defunct companies based in Syracuse, New York
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1909
Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1939
1909 establishments in New York (state)
1939 disestablishments in New York (state)
American companies disestablished in 1939
American companies established in 1909
Defunct manufacturing companies based in New York (state)
MaK G 1203 BB. The MaK G 1203 BB is a type of four axle B'B' off-centre cab locomotive  built by Maschinenbau Kiel.

Design and operations
The locomotive is an updated version of the MaK G 1201 BB with a MTU 396 engine replacing the MTU 333 engine. The hydrodynamic converter remained the same, a Voith L4r4zU2.

The locomotive design is similar to the MaK G 1202 BB and MaK G 1204 BB but with an eight-cylinder V engine instead of the twelve-cylinder engines on the higher-powered locomotives; the external dimensions of are identical, and the appearance very similar.

Nineteen locomotives were built for private railways of Germany (and Austria), including Seehafen Kiel (Port of Kiel), and the Klockner steel works (now ArcelorMittal Bremen).

Gabon locomotives
Six locomotives were built in 1984 for the railways of Gabon (Office du chemin de fer transgabonais) or OCTRA, with Cummins engines instead of MTU engines. They received numbers "BB 531" to "BB 536"

References

External links

Images: 

MaK locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Gabon
Railway locomotives introduced in 1982
MaK G 1202 BB. The MaK G 1202 BB is a four axle B'B' off-centre cab diesel-hydraulic locomotive built by Maschinenbau Kiel in Germany.

Design and operators
The locomotive is a light freight and shunting locomotive; twelve units were built for private railway operators in Germany including 3 for Rheinkalk GmbH (chalk and dolomite mineral company), 2 for Osthannoversche Eisenbahnen, 2 for RAG, and the remainder on various short and medium term leases.

See also
MaK G 1204 BB, similar design with MTU 396 engine replacing the MTU 331 engine

References

External links

Images: 

MaK locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Germany
Railway locomotives introduced in 1978
B-B locomotives
William Harper Jr.. William Harper Jr. was an American pioneer aviator and aviation engineer with the Wright brothers.

Biography
In 1912 he built his own airplane to fly out of Roosevelt Field, New York.

The airplane was a monoplane, resembling the contemporary Blériot, with a span of . It was powered by a two-cylinder two-stroke of , driving a -diameter propeller. It was outfitted with a speedometer and a crude turn-and-bank indicator.

It was reportedly able to glide as much as .

It was scheduled to fly in June, from a field east of Mineola, on the Hempstead Plains.

On February 3, 1914, Harper married Florence Tobin of Denver, Colorado in Newport, Rhode Island.

Writings

References

Members of the Early Birds of Aviation
American aviation pioneers
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
Lead titanate. Lead(II) titanate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula PbTiO3. It is the lead salt of titanic acid. Lead(II) titanate is a yellow powder that is insoluble in water.

At high temperatures, lead titanate adopts a cubic perovskite structure. At 760 K, the material undergoes a second order phase transition to a tetragonal perovskite structure which exhibits ferroelectricity. Lead titanate is one of the end members of the lead zirconate titanate (, , PZT) system, which is technologically one of the most important ferroelectric and piezoelectric ceramics; .

Lead titanate occurs in nature as mineral macedonite.

Toxicity
Lead titanate is toxic, like other lead compounds. It irritates skin, mucous membranes and eyes. It may also cause harm to unborn babies and might have effects on fertility.

Solubility in water
The solubility of hydrothermally-synthesized perovskite-phase PbTiO3 in water was experimentally determined at 25 and 80 °C to depend on pH and vary from 4.9x10−4 mol/kg  at pH≈3, to 1.9x10−4 mol/kg at pH≈7.7, to "undetectable" (<3.2x10−7 mol/kg) in the range 10<pH<11.  At still higher pH values, the solubility increased again. The solubility was apparently incongruent and was quantified as the analytical concentration of Pb.

References

Lead(II) compounds
Titanates
Ferroelectric materials
Perovskites
Palmer-Moore Company. The Palmer-Moore Company (1906–1918) was a manufacturer of gasoline and air-cooled motor engines and marine engines in Syracuse, New York.  The company began production of commercial trucks beginning in 1912. They were the third manufacturer in the city in the business and specialized in the manufacture of custom designs for local industries.

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External links 

Motor vehicle manufacturers based in Syracuse, New York
Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United States
Defunct companies based in Syracuse, New York
Manufacturing companies established in 1906
Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1918
1906 establishments in New York (state)
1918 disestablishments in New York (state)