omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Celier Xenon 4. The Celier Xenon 4 (also referred to by the manufacturer as the Xenon IV) is a Maltese autogyro designed by Raphael Celier and produced by Celier Aviation of Safi, Malta. The aircraft is supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

Design and development
The Xenon 4 is a development of the Celier Xenon 2 and Celier Xenon 3, with a newly designed fuselage and longer tailboom. It features a single main rotor, a two-seats-in side-by-side configuration enclosed cockpit, with some models offering a third seat. It has tricycle landing gear and a modified four cylinder, liquid and air-cooled, four stroke  turbocharged Rotax 912 engine in pusher configuration.

The fuselage is a monocoque made from carbon fiber reinforced polymer and features a cabin internal width of . The two-bladed rotor has a diameter of  and a chord of . The aircraft has a typical empty weight of  and a maximum gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload for the pilot, passengers and baggage is .

Variants

Xenon 4 Sport
Entry level civil model with two seats in side-by-side configuration and powered by a  Rotax 912S engine.
Xenon 4 XL
Mid level civil model with three seats in 1-2 configuration and powered by a  Rotax 912 ULS-T engine.
Xenon 4 Executive
Top level civil model with three seats in 1-2 configuration and powered by a  Rotax 912 ULS-T engine.
Xenon 4 Geo
Civil model equipped for the land survey and aerial photography roles, intended for the construction, mining and survey industries.
CA-22
Military model for medevac and other military roles. It is powered by a  Rotax 912 ULS-T engine.
C-22 VIP
Civil model for VIP transport.

Specifications (Xenon 4 Executive)

See also
List of rotorcraft

References

External links

X
Single-engined pusher autogyros
2010s Polish sport aircraft
Twin-boom aircraft
Pro-Touring. Pro-Touring is a style of classic muscle car with enhanced suspension components, brake system, drivetrain, and aesthetics, including many of the amenities of a new performance car.  These modified muscle cars have been developed to function as well as, or to surpass, the capabilities of the foremost modern performance vehicles.  Pro-Touring cars are built with an emphasis on function and are intended to be driven.  Whether they are driven on the street, the race track, the drag strip, or through cones at an auto-cross is of no difference.

History

Credit for coining the term ‘Pro-Touring' itself to define the emerging genre is widely attributed to Mark Stielow, GM Program Engineering Manager, and Car Craft magazine’s Tech Editor Jeff Smith, who was heading up Chevy High Performance magazine at the time. Mark Stielow can also take credit for helping grow the new concept through his own projects such as the white 1969 Chevrolet Camaro known as Tri-Tip that competed in the One Lap of America in 1993.  The Camaro was widely covered and created a surge in interest, and once the term was put in print, it stuck.  Since that time, Stielow has built a number of trailblazing Chevrolet Camaros with names like "The Mule," "Red Devil" and "Mayhem," many of which have graced the covers of some of the industry's most beloved publications, including Hot Rod magazine, Car Craft magazine, and Popular Hot Rodding magazine, further fueling the pro-touring trend.

Car Platforms & Models
There is no rule that says pro-touring machines have to be built from any particular car platform or car model.  Historically, however, pony cars are the most popular type used.  The perennial favorite model is the Chevrolet Camaro with, typically, the Chevrolet Camaro (first generation) cars being the preferred choice for builders, with the Chevrolet Camaro (second generation) reaching new levels of popularity these days.  Other cars known to have been used are the Ford Mustang and the De Tomaso Pantera.

See also 
 Car tuning
 Hot rod
 Preservation and restoration of automobiles
 Vehicle modification

References

 
Modified vehicles
DIY culture
Karel Electronics. Karel Electronics is a Turkish electronics manufacturer.

History

Karel has been producing telecommunications equipment, predominantly PBX telephone systems, in Turkey since 1986, going on to export as well as supply the domestic market. Karel does not produce under license from other manufacturers in Turkey, or elsewhere but designs its own products in the company's R&D facility in Bilkent, Ankara. Production facilities are also in Ankara and the company HQ is in Istanbul.

References

Turkish companies established in 1986
Manufacturing companies based in Ankara
Peter Miller (software engineer). Peter Miller (16 October 1960 – 27 July 2014) was an Australian software developer who wrote Recursive Make Considered Harmful and created Aegis and cook.   He also proposed a set of "laws" for modern software engineering and architecture in the early 1990s:

Miller's laws are:

 The number of interactions within a development team is O(n!) without controlled access to the baseline. If the development team does have controlled access to the baseline, interactions can be reduced to near O(n), where n is the number of developers and/or files in the source tree, whichever is larger.
 The baseline MUST always be in working order.
 The software build/construction process can be reduced to a directed, acyclical graph (DAG).
 It is necessary to build a rigid framework of selected components (aka the top level aegis design).
 The framework should not do any real work, and should instead delegate everything to external components. The external components should be as interchangeable as possible.
 The framework should use the Strategy pattern for most complex tasks.

References

External links
Debian Project mourns the loss of Peter Miller
Archive of Miller's website including software, books, and papers
Maintenance repository of Miller's Aegis on GitHub
Maintenance repository of Miller's Cook tool on GitHub
Home page of Miller's Aegis software configuration management tool on SourceForge

Software engineers
Australian engineers
1960 births
2014 deaths
1997 Robocup 2D Soccer Simulation League. The 1997 RoboCup 2D Soccer Simulation League was the first RoboCup competition promoted in conjunction with International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence held in Nagoya, Japan, from 23 to 29 August 1997.

This event was supported by important sponsors and organizations such as Namco, Sun Microsystems, ElectroTechnical Laboratory, Softopia Japan, International Academy of Media Arts and Sciences, Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence, Robotics Society of Japan, IEEE R&A Society, Nihon Silicon Graphics-Cray Inc., Fujita Corporation, Net-One Systems, SOUM Corp.

It was also supported by Chubu Bureau of Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Aichi Prefectural Government, and City of Nagoya.

Format

Initially, the first stage was disputed by 29 teams divided by five groups of four and three groups of three. The classification was the same used by FIFA in the FIFA World Cup format of the last two decades, where each group engaged in a round-robin tournament within itself. The two highest ranked teams in each group advanced to the knockout stage. Teams were awarded three points for a win and one for a draw.

In the knockout stage there were four rounds (round of 16, quarter-finals, semi-finals, and the final), with each eliminating the losers. The two semi-final losers competed in a third place play-off. For any match in the knockout stage, a draw after 6000 cycles was followed by more 6000 cycles to determine a winner. If the teams were still tied, a penalty shoot-out was held to determine a winner.

Round stage

Group A

Group B

Group C

Group D

Group E

Group F

Group G

Group H

Knockout stage

Final standings

Honours

See also
 RoboCup
 RoboCup Simulation League
 RoboCup 3D Soccer Simulation League

References

External links
 RoboCup Soccer Simulator Wiki
 Team Assistant for 3D Visualisation
 Official Data Repository (Log Files, Team Binaries...)

RoboCup
Robot soccer competitions
1997 in robotics
Firedamp whistle. A firedamp whistle (German: Schlagwetterpfeife) is an instrument for the prophylactic indication of firedamp — flammable gases often present in coal mines.

History 

The German Emperor Wilhelm II asked Fritz Haber in 1912, shortly after the opening of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry in Berlin, for the construction of a warning system for the presence of firedamp.

Within a year Haber developed the methane whistle and presented it to the emperor in a lecture on October 28, 1913.  Haber tried hard to market the device and eventually signed a contract with the Auergesellschaft. Unfortunately, the device did not prevail, since the calibration of the pipes under working conditions in a colliery was not practical.

Mode of operation 
The simultaneous use of two equally-tuned pipes, of which one is blown with atmospheric air and the second with another gas, results in two only slightly different tones, called a beat. The function of the methane whistle is based on the fact that the sound when blowing a whistle depends on the speed of sound in the gas. The sound velocities of methane and air differ by about 31%. For a 1% methane-air mixture, the speed of sound is about 1.0031 times as high as in air. If the pipes are tuned to 440 Hz in air, the air-methane pipe has a frequency of 440 Hz × 1.0031 = 441.4 Hz.  If two identically tuned pipes are blown by air and an air-methane mixture, the only slightly different tones produce a clearly audible beat. If the gas mixture changes in the resonator, then its resonance spectrum changes. By means of an absorber, interfering constituents of air such as humidity and carbon dioxide are removed. The methane whistle indicated methane levels in the mine air from 1 vol% and above.

External links 
Steven Garrett: Sonic gas analyzers for hydrogen and methane

References 

Mine safety
History of mining in Germany
Rama Chandra Mouli. Rama Chandra Mouli (born 1950) is a writer/poet, professor and assistant principal at Ganapathy Engineering College in India. He has written a number of literary essays, anthologies of poems, novels, engineering textbooks, and other stories. He pursued his master's degree in engineering in the mechanical stream at National Institute of Technology, Warangal, formerly called Regional Engineering College. He also participated in the 22nd World Poets Congress, which was held in Greece in 2011.

Achievements
Mouli was honored with the Telugu University Puraskar in 2007, for his article "Kitiki Terichina Taruvata". He also participated as an Indian delegate in the SAARC Literary Festival in 2010, 2012, and 2015; and the International Sufi Festival in 2013 and 2014. Andhra Pradesh Best Polytechnic Teacher 2000, The Sahiti Academy Award, the Rashtrapati Award, and the Kalaasagar awards are some of his other achievements.

References

1950 births
Living people
Indian academics
Indian male poets
Poets from Telangana
National Institutes of Technology alumni
People from Warangal
1998 Robocup 2D Soccer Simulation League. The 1998 Robocup 2D Soccer Simulation League was a simulated soccer competition contested in the 1st Annual RoboCup International Symposium, held in Paris, France.

Round stage

Group A

Group B

Group C

Group D

Group E

Group F

Group G

Group H

Knockout stage

Honours

See also
 RoboCup
 RoboCup Simulation League
 RoboCup 3D Soccer Simulation League

External links
 RoboCup Soccer Simulator Wiki
 Team Assistant for 3D Visualisation
 Official Data Repository (Log Files, Team Binaries...)

RoboCup
Robot soccer competitions
1998 in robotics
Podger spanner. A podger spanner, or podger, is a tool in the form of a short bar, usually tapered and often incorporating a wrench at one end.

Podgers are used for erecting scaffolding and steel scenery - The pointed end is used to align the bolt holes while the spanner end is used to tighten the nuts.

Variations

Some podgers are fitted with reversible ratchet sockets for tightening/loosening nuts.
Often they come with two sizes such as a 17 mm × 19 mm or a 19 mm × 24 mm and a 27 mm × 30 mm.
Often a podger has a hole in the wrench shaft that is used to tether the wrench to the person for safety and securing the tool whilst working at heights.

References

 BS 2583: "Specification for podger spanners" (1955)

Hand tools
Scaffolding
Rock Hill Body Company. Rock Hill Body Company, originally known as Victoria Yarn Mill # 2, is a historic industrial building located at Rock Hill, South Carolina.  It was built about 1915, and is a two-story brick industrial building built as a textile mill. Later modifications include a one-story office addition and an elevator tower addition on the rear. It was the home of the Rock Hill Body Company, one of the earliest makers of truck bodies and school bus bodies in South Carolina, from 1938 to 1986.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

References

Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Industrial buildings completed in 1915
Buildings and structures in Rock Hill, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Rock Hill, South Carolina
Textile mills in the United States
Coachbuilders of the United States
Motor vehicle manufacturing plants on the National Register of Historic Places
Transportation buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Bleachery Water Treatment Plant. Bleachery Water Treatment Plant is a historic water treatment plant located at Rock Hill, South Carolina.  It was built in 1930, and is a one-story brick building and filtration/purification facility in the Colonial Revival style. The city of Rock Hill passed a bond issue to build Bleachery Water Treatment Plant, to support the Rock Hill Printing and Finishing Company investment by M. Lowenstein Company of New York.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

References

Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Industrial buildings completed in 1930
Buildings and structures in Rock Hill, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Rock Hill, South Carolina
Water treatment facilities
Hazhir Rahmandad. Hazhir Rahmandad () is an Iranian American Scientist and Engineer. Dr. Rahmandad is a dynamic modeling expert. His research applies dynamic modeling to a broad range of problems in strategy, organizational learning, and public health.

Education
Rahmandad obtained his B.Sc. in Industrial Engineering from Sharif University of Technology. He holds a Ph.D. from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2005), where he worked under the supervision of John Sterman.

Career
Rahmandad is an Associate Professor in the System Dynamics group at MIT Sloan School of Management where he teaches simulation modeling and system dynamics.

Before joining MIT, Rahmandad was an Associate Professor of Industrial and Systems Engineering in the College of Engineering at Virginia Tech. Hazhir also contributes to expanding the system dynamics modeling toolbox through advancing parameter estimation and validation methods for dynamic models. He has published in diverse journals including Management Science, Organization Science, Strategic Management Journal, PlosOne, Epidemiology and Infection, International Journal of Obesity, and System Dynamics Review among others. He has been a reviewer for over 20 NIH and NSF panels and over two dozen different journals, and his research has been funded by the National Science Foundation, National Institutes of Health, Department of Housing and Urban Development, and multiple private sector firms, among others.

Awards and honors
Gold Medal, International Chemistry Olympiad, Moscow (1996)

References

Living people
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Sharif University of Technology alumni
American people of Iranian descent
Year of birth missing (living people)
Henry Payne (engineer). Henry Payne FRAeS M.Inst.C.E. (9 March 1871 – 28 March 1945) was dean of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Melbourne. He was also the first occupant of the Corporation Chair of Engineering, South African College, Cape Town (1903-1905) where he designed and equipped the Civil and Mechanical Engineering Departments.  Payne's entry in the Dictionary of National Biography describes him as 'Dignified in manner and precise in speech, he was respected as a man of principle'.

Early life
Payne was born on 9 March 1871 in Calcutta, India, the son of Revd. James Payne of the London Missionary Society and his wife Charlotte (née Stephens).  He was educated at Bedford Modern School and the City and Guilds’ Technical College, Finsbury, London. Payne received his practical training with Merryweather & Co. Ltd of Greenwich.

Career
Payne was appointed a lecturer in engineering and applied mathematics at University College London in 1898 and to membership of the Institution of Civil Engineers and the Institution of Mechanical Engineers in 1900. He left University College London in 1902 to become the first occupant of the Corporation Chair of Engineering, South African College, Cape Town (1903–1905), where he designed and equipped the Civil and Mechanical Engineering Departments.  He later organised and carried out large extensions to the Engineering School of the University of Melbourne, where he was Professor of Engineering.

Family life
Payne, a ‘devoutly religious man’, took an active role in the Independent Church, Collins Street and supported the Student Christian Movement bequeathing several acres of land from his property at Healesville where ‘he indulged his love of the Australian bush in vacations and in retirement’.

On 5 April 1900, Payne married Charlotte Wilson Thompson at the Congregational Church, Lewisham.  They had no children. Payne died in Richmond, Victoria, Australia on 28 March 1945.

Notes

References 

 

1871 births
1945 deaths
Australian engineers
People educated at Bedford Modern School
Academic staff of the University of Melbourne
British people in colonial India
British emigrants to Australia
Convair 106 Skycoach. The Convair Model 106 Skycoach was an experimental four-seat light aircraft, designed and built by the Stinson Division of Convair at the end of World War II.

Design and development
The Model 106 was a four-seat cabin aircraft with a pusher engine, fixed spatted tricycle undercarriage and twin tail booms flanking the propeller. The three passengers and pilot sat in a cabin in the fuselage nacelle, which also housed the pusher  Franklin 6A8-225-B8 six-cylinder horizontally-opposed piston engine, driving a cooling fan and pusher propeller.

Flight testing was carried out at San Diego, but performance was found to be unexceptional, comparing very poorly to the contemporary Beechcraft Bonanza, which could cruise at  on only . With a maximum speed of only  the Model 106 was hopelessly outclassed and Convair abandoned development, scrapping the sole prototype, (regn. NX40004, msn. 1), in 1947.

Specifications (Model 106 Skycoach)

See also

References

1940s United States civil utility aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1946
Convair aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Twin-boom aircraft
Twin-tail aircraft
Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
List of educational institutions in Ahmedabad. This is a list of educational institutes in the city of Ahmedabad, India. Most of the colleges in Ahmedabad are affiliated to the Gujarat University and are spread throughout the city as well as the suburbs. The schools are governed by the Gujarat Secondary and Higher Secondary Education Board.

Engineering colleges
 L.J. Institute of Engineering & Technology
 Lalbhai Dalpatbhai College of Engineering
 Nirma University of Science and Technology
Vishwakarma Government Engineering College
Ahmedabad Institute of Technology 
Ahmedabad University-School of Engineering & Applied Science
SAL engineering and technical institute
 School of Engineering and Applied Science

Journalism Institute
Times Business School, Best Journalism College at Ahmedabad
 National Institute of Mass Communication and Journalism - NIMCJ

Management Institutes
 Ahmedabad Management Association
 B. K. Majumdar Institute of Business Management now Ahmedabad University
 B.K. School of Business Management
 Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad
 Nirma University of Science and Technology
 LJ Institute of Business Administration
Adani Institute of Infrastructure Management
 MICA (Institute of Strategic Marketing and Communication)

Medical colleges
 B.J. Medical College
 Public Health Foundation of India
AMC Dental College
 Smt. NHL Municipal Medical College

Pharmacy colleges
 L. M. College of Pharmacy
 Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University
 L.J. Institute of Pharmacy

Science colleges
 Gujarat College
 St. Xavier's College, Ahmedabad

High schools
 Shanti Asiatic school
 Shree Sardar Patel & Swami Vivekanand School
 A. G. High School
 Ahmedabad International School
 Calorx Olive International School
 Calorx Public School, Ghatlodia
 Best High School
 Brighton school, Danilimda
Brighton Public school, Juhapura
 Diwan-Ballubhai School
 Delhi Public School, Bopal
 Delhi Public School, East
Kendriya Vidyalaya Shahibaugh
Kendriya Vidyalaya Army Cantonment, Ahmedabad
Kendriya Vidyalaya ONGC Ahmedabad
Kendriya Vidyalaya Sabarmati, Ahmedabad
Kendriya Vidyalaya SAC Ahmedabad
 Maharaja Agrasen Vidyalaya
 Seventh Day Adventist Higher Secondary School
 Sheth C. N. Vidyalaya
 St. Xavier's High School
 St. Xavier's High School Loyola Hall
 The Riverside School, Ahmedabad
 Udgam School for Children

See also
 Ahmedabad Education Society

References

 
Ahmedabad
Ahmedabad
Ahmedabad-related lists
Behat (software). Behat is a test framework for behavior-driven development written in the PHP programming language. Behat was created by Konstantin Kudryashov and its development is hosted on GitHub.

Purpose
Behat is intended to aid communication between developers, clients and other stakeholders during a software development process. It allows the clear documentation of testable examples of the software's intended behaviour. Behat test scenarios are written with Gherkin, a business-readable domain-specific language following defined patterns.

Benefits
Tests can be run at any point new code is introduced into a codebase to confirm no regressions within the existing test coverage are introduced. It can be used to directly test php code and is often used with Selenium to remote control browsers as part of the scenarios. The browsers under remote control can take videos or screenshots of failures.  Using selenium or tools like selenoid a "grid" of browsers can be remote controlled for parallel test execution.  There is also a module for running php only scenarios.

Like other BDD frameworks, Behat scenarios are a series of Given, When, and Then steps that explain a business case. The definition of these steps exist within method annotations of a class that extends the BehatContext.

Behat can output test results in a number of different formats, including JUnit XML and HTML

Examples 
The preconditions after "Given" correspond to the PHP method name to execute:

Feature: Simple description of this feature’s story

  Describe benefit, role and feature or user story
  Use as many lines as needed

  Background:
    Given some step run for all scenarios
    
  Scenario: Scenario or example description
    Given I setup preconditions with:
      | data column 1 | data column 2 |
      | alice         | bob           |
    When I press the "blue" button
    Then the result is:
    """
    A multiple line
    string of data
    """

    #comments can be added as needed

  Scenario Outline: Scenario or example description
    Given I setup config with "<setting>"
    When I push button "<button>"
    Then "<result>" happens
    Examples:
      | setting | button | result           |
      | a       | red    | there is a beep  |
      | b       | blue   | there is no beep |

References

External links

Free software programmed in PHP
PHP
Software using the MIT license
Free software testing tools