omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
German submarine U-926. German submarine U-926 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

She was ordered on 25 August 1941, and was laid down on 1 July 1942 at Neptun Werft AG, Rostock, as yard number 513. She was launched on 28 December 1943 and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Eberhard von Wenden on 29 February 1944.

Design
German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-926 had a displacement of  when at the surface and  while submerged. She had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of  for use while surfaced, two SSW GU 343/38-8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of  for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two  propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to .

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of  and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate for  at ; when surfaced, she could travel  at . U-926 was fitted with five  torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes or 26 TMA mines, one  SK C/35 naval gun, (220 rounds), one  Flak M42 and two twin  C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between 44 — 52 men.

Service history
On 9 May 1945, U-926 surrendered at Bergen, Norway.  Later deemed unseaworthy, she was not transferred to the UK for disposal. U-926 was taken over by the Royal Norwegian Navy and renamed HNoMS Kya (S307), 10 January 1949, she served until 1962.

References

Bibliography

External links

German Type VIIC submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1944
World War II submarines of Germany
Ships built in Rostock
1943 ships
Submarines of the Royal Norwegian Navy
German submarine U-927. German submarine U-927 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

She was ordered on 25 August 1941, and was laid down on 1 December 1942 at Neptun Werft AG, Rostock, as yard number 514. She was launched on 3 May 1944 and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Jürgen Ebert on 27 June 1944.

Design
German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-927 had a displacement of  when at the surface and  while submerged. She had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of  for use while surfaced, two SSW GU 343/38-8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of  for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two  propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to .

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of  and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate for  at ; when surfaced, she could travel  at . U-927 was fitted with five  torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes or 26 TMA mines, one  SK C/35 naval gun, (220 rounds), one  Flak M42 and two twin  C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between 44 — 52 men.

Service history
On 24 February 1945, U-927 was sunk by depth charges, south-east of Falmouth in the English Channel, from a British Warwick of 179/K Squadron RAF. Her crew of 47 were all lost.

The wreck is located at .

There is some doubt to this claim however. On 8 February 1945, U-927 sent her last radio message from position  while she was en route to her operational area in the English Channel. There have been extensive searches by the UK Hydrographic Office and other parties at the claimed wreck site that have failed to find any evidence of a U-boat.

References

Bibliography

External links

German Type VIIC submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1944
World War II submarines of Germany
Ships built in Rostock
1943 ships
Maritime incidents in February 1945
World War II shipwrecks in the English Channel
German submarine U-928. German submarine U-928 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

She was ordered on 25 August 1941, and was laid down on 5 January 1943 at Neptun Werft AG, Rostock, as yard number 515. She was launched on 15 April 1944 and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Hellmut Stähler on 11 July 1944.

Design
German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorter Type VIIB submarines. U-928 had a displacement of  when at the surface and  while submerged. She had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , a height of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of  for use while surfaced, two SSW GU 343/38-8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of  for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two  propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to .

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of  and a maximum submerged speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate for  at ; when surfaced, she could travel  at . U-928 was fitted with five  torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes or 26 TMA mines, one  SK C/35 naval gun, (220 rounds), one  Flak M42 and two twin  C/30 anti-aircraft guns. The boat had a complement of between 44 — 52 men.

Service history
On 9 May 1945, U-928 surrendered at Bergen, Norway. She was later transferred to Lisahally, Northern Ireland on 30 May 1945. Of the 156 U-boats that eventually surrendered to the Allied forces at the end of the war, U-928 was one of 116 selected to take part in Operation Deadlight. U-928 was towed out on 16 December 1945, and sunk.

The wreck is located at .

References

Bibliography

External links

German Type VIIC submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1944
World War II submarines of Germany
Ships built in Rostock
1944 ships
Maritime incidents in December 1945
World War II shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean
Operation Deadlight
Institut aéronautique Jean Mermoz. Institut aéronautique Jean Mermoz (IAJM) is a flight training organisation and resourcing services. Professional airline pilots have been trained at IAJM since 1957. Its name is from the French aviator Jean Mermoz.

The school is well known for its aviation books. Published in French, since 2016 the books have also been available in English thanks to a partnership agreement with the École nationale de l'aviation civile (French Civil Aviation University). The first English books were published at the Paris Air Show 2017, in partnership with Airbus. 
The school has an agreement with the aerospace college IPSA for a double-degree Master of Science in aviation / ATPL.

One third of French airline pilots have been trained at Institut Mermoz.

Course structure
The course is in one year. It is during this time that students work to complete the 14 JAA/EASA ATPL theoretical exams.

The 14 ATPL exams are as follows:
Principles of Flight
Aircraft General Knowledge – Systems
Aircraft General Knowledge –- Instrumentation
Human Performance
Meteorology
VFR Communications
IFR Communications
General Navigation
Radio Navigation
Flight Planning
Aircraft Performance
Mass & Balance
Operational Procedures
Air Law

Other courses 
The school also trains private pilots, helicopter pilots and cabin crew.

See also
Orly Airport

References

External links
Official website

Educational institutions established in 1957
1957 establishments in France
Education in Île-de-France
Aviation schools in France
Oil well shooting. Oil well shooting is a method of increasing production of an oil well by removing obstructions to drilling, straightening crooked holes, preventing water penetration, and/or increaseing the flow of oil.  Prior to 1910, a shell, made of dynamite and a sheet metal casing were lowered into a well and detonated by a blasting cap with a fuse.   By 1918, the practice had evolved to use blasting gelatin, a mixture of nitroglycerin, guncotton and wood pulp.

Notable professionals
Merle Haggard worked as an oil well shooter
Francis "Tug" Nadeau Irving

Footnotes

References

External links

Drilling technology
Monkey Knuckles. Monkey Knuckles is a skill toy consisting of two sliding wooden balls on a string, with end stoppers that allow the player to grip the toy. The toy can be manipulated in a variety of ways to perform tricks, and depending on the way that the player grasps and manipulates the toy, different styles of play are possible.

Monkey Knuckles was developed by Matthew Hiebert, and was patented in 2006. In 2013 Hiebert licensed the design to Yomega Corporation, which took over its manufacturing and distribution.

References

Physical activity and dexterity toys
James W. Corbett. James William Corbett (25 August 1928, Manhattan – 25 April 1994, Albany, New York) was a solid-state physicist.

He received his bachelor's degree from the University of Missouri and his Ph.D. from Yale University in 1955. Beginning in 1955 he was a research associate at the General Electric Research Laboratory in Schenectady, New York. During the 1960s as an adjunct professor at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, he was a co-founder and director of Rensselaer's Joint Laboratories for Advanced Materials. His 1966 book Electron Radiation Damage in Semiconductors and Metals was highly esteemed. In 1968 he joined the faculty of the University at Albany, SUNY. For the academic year 1975–1976 he was a Guggenheim Fellow. He was an associate editor of the Elsevier journal Materials Letters.

At G.E. his research involved early pioneering studies of the effects of electron irradiation on metals and semiconductors.

 
Upon his death, he was survived by his wife, M. E. Grenander, and two sons. In 1999 a bequest of $1.5 million from M. E. Grenander funded the James W. Corbett Distinguished Professorship in Physics at the University at Albany, SUNY.

References

External links

1928 births
1994 deaths
University at Albany, SUNY faculty
University of Missouri alumni
Yale University alumni
20th-century American physicists
University of Missouri physicists
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Spainsat. Spainsat is a Spanish telecommunications satellite used for military and government communications. It allows telecommunications  the different missions of the Spanish Armed forces abroad by providing coverage on a wide area of the world ranging from the United States and South America to the Middle East, including Africa and Europe.

Overview
The satellite belongs to Hisdesat (Spanish company participated by Hispasat (43%), Ingeniería y Servicios Aeroespaciales (30%), Airbus (15%), Indra Espacio (7%) and Sener (5%)), and its initial investment was 415 million euros. It was built by Space Systems Loral in California United States, with an expected useful life of at least 15 years. Its takeoff mass was about 3,700 kilograms. It is instrumented with several transponders in the X band and one in the K military band. It is  situated on a geostationary orbit at 36,000 kilometres of altitude, 30 degrees west, over the Atlantic Ocean.

The satellite provides coverage to humanitarian, security and intelligence missions as well as to military operations, image transfers, embassy services and Spanish governmental communications.

Launch 
The satellite was launched on 11 March 2006 at 22:33 GMT from the Guiana Space Centre in Kourou, French Guiana, by an Ariane 5 ECA rocket of Arianespace.

References

External links 
 Web page of Hisdesat

Communications satellites in geostationary orbit
Satellites using the SSL 1300 bus
Satellites of Spain
2006 in Spain
Spacecraft launched in 2006
Modelling Condensate Distillation Coloumn. Distillation is a process in which we separate components of different vapour pressure. One fraction leaves overhead and is condensed to distillate and the other is the bottom product. The bottom product is mostly liquid while the overhead fraction can be vapour or an aerosol. 
This method requires the components to have different volatility to be separated.

The column consists of three sections: a stripping section, a rectification section, and a feed section.

For rectification and stripping a countercurrent liquid phase must flow through the column, so that liquid and vapour can contact each other on each stage.

The distillation column is fed with a mixture containing the mole fraction xf of the desired compound. The overhead mixture is a gas or an aerosol which contains the mole fraction xD of the desired compound and the bottom product contains a mixture with the fraction xB of the desired compound.

An overhead condenser is a heat exchange equipment used for condensing the mixture leaving the top of the column. Either cooling water or air is used as a cooling agent.

An overhead accumulator is a horizontal pressure vessel containing the condensed mixture.
Pumps can be used to control the reflux to the column.

A Reboiler produces the vapour stream in the distillation column. It can be used internally and externally.

Math model
The total molar hold up in the nth tray Mn is considered constant.
The imbalances in the input and output flows are taken into account for in the component and the heat balance equations.

Inlet 
Flow rate of the liquid phase and mole fraction of the desired compound in it are  and .

Flow rate of the vapour phase and mole fraction of the desired compound in it are  and .

Outlet 
Flow rate of the liquid phase and molar fractions of the desired compound in it are  and .

Flow rate of the vapour phase and molar fractions of the desired compound in it are  and .

Mass balance 

, with 

By differentiating and substituting above equation we get:

Energy Balance 

 , where  is the enthalpy of the liquid and  is the enthalpy of the vapour

By substituting the mass balance equation in above equation we get the following expression:

References 

Distillation
Separation processes
Laboratory techniques
German submarine U-991. German submarine U-991 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

Construction 
The U-991 was laid down on 30 October 1942 at the Blohm & Voss yard in Hamburg, Germany. She was launched on 24 June 1943 and commissioned on 29 July 1943 under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Diethelm Balke. Her U-boat emblem was a diving eagle.

When she was completed, the submarine was  long, with a beam of , a height of  and a draft of . She was assessed at  submerged. The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylinder supercharged diesel engines producing a total of  for use while surfaced and two BBC GG UB 720/8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of  for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two  propellers. The submarine was capable of operating at depths of up to , had a maximum surface speed of  and a maximum submerged speed of .When submerged, the U-boat could operate for  at  and when surfaced, she could travel  at .

The submarine was fitted with five  torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteen torpedoes, one  deck gun (220 rounds) and a  Flak M42 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of 44 to 57 men.

Service history
U-991 was used as a Training ship in the 5th U-boat Flotilla from 29 July 1943 until 31 August 1944 before serving in the 11th U-boat Flotilla for active service on 1 September 1944.

Training and tests 
During U-991'''s service as a training ship, she completed a number of trainings and tests for the Kriegsmarine.

 Active Service 
During her active service, U-991 made 1 patrol and left Kristiansand on 15 October 1944. Her patrol lasted 73 days and U-991 patrolled the North Atlantic from Norway, around the United Kingdom and Ireland and also to France before returning to Bergen. She arrived in Bergen on 26 December 1944, which marked the end of her first and only patrol during World War II.

In total, the U-991 spend 98 days at sea during her active service until 9 May 1945.

 Capture And End U-991 surrendered on 9 May 1945 at Bergen, Norway to the Allied Forces. The submarine was transferred from Bergen to Scapa Flow on 2 June 1945 and from Scapa Flow to Loch Ryan on 5 June 1945. She stayed in Loch Ryan for her immersion in Operation Deadlight (post-war Allied operation) until 11 December 1945, when she was towed to sea by the British Navy tug HMS Freedom (W.139).U-991'' was sunk at 12.15am on 11 December 1945 in the North Atlantic, North-West off the coast of Ireland by a torpedo from the British submarine HMS Tantivy. Her wreck still lies at .

References

Bibliography

German Type VIIC submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1943
World War II submarines of Germany
Ships built in Hamburg
1943 ships
Maritime incidents in December 1945
Operation Deadlight
Shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean
Levan Abelishvili. Levan Abelishvili () was a Georgian electrical engineer.

Early life
He was born on April 3, 1909, into a noble family in Tbilisi. His father, Gregory Abelishvili, was the head of the Transcaucasian railway. His mother, Antonina Abelishvili, became the first Georgian cinema actress when she starred in the title role in the 1918 movie Qristine, produced by Alexandere Tsutsunava.

In 1931, he graduated from the Transcaucasian Energy Institute.

Career
He was a doctor of technical sciences (1955) and a professor (1956).

He was a pioneer of electric traction transport in Georgia and the USSR. His works deal with electric traction's efficiency, its calculation, the theory of rolling stock and electrical systems and the study of electrified railways' forced modes middle voltage drop by diagrams in the interaction of all elements, thermal design and testing of traction motors, heating theory of contact conductors, the calculation of inertial weight of long trains.

He was the founder of the Electric Vehicles department at the Georgian Technical University.

Recognition 
He was a corresponding member of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences of the Georgian SSR (1961), an honored worker of science and technology of Georgia (1967), and a member of the main editorial board of the Georgian Soviet Encyclopedia.

References 

1909 births
1974 deaths
20th-century scientists from Georgia (country)
Soviet scientists
Recipients of the Order of Lenin
Soviet electrical engineers
Corresponding Members of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences
MOF-5. MOF-5 or IRMOF-1 is a cubic metal–organic framework compound with the formula Zn4O(BDC)3, where BDC2− = 1,4-benzodicarboxylate (MOF-5). It was first synthesized by graduate students and post doctoral scholars in the lab of Omar M. Yaghi. MOF-5 is notable for exhibiting one of the highest surface area to volume ratios among metal–organic frameworks, at 2200 m2/cm3. Additionally, it was the first metal–organic framework studied for hydrogen gas storage.

References

Zinc complexes
Metal-organic frameworks
Glider types. This list includes any types which had 10 or more aircraft built or types which are important to glider development. All the gliders in this list can be found in the J2MCL web site with individual pages for each type. This list does not include Motor glider types. 
(N.B. Some specifications are quoted with the wrong units!!)

See also

Flight
Gliding flight
List of gliders
Unpowered aircraft

Sources

Comprehensive Glider Database j2mcl-planeurs  
Glider polar data 
Sailplane Directory

External links

!
Lists of glider aircraft
Aérocentre (cluster). Aérocentre is a French cluster of aerospace engineering companies and research centres created in 2009. It is in the region of Centre-Val de Loire in the middle of France.

Overview
There are over 321 companies. About 20,000 people work there in the aviation and space flight industries.

The headquarters of Aérocentre is located at the Châteauroux-Centre "Marcel Dassault" Airport. The chairman of the cluster is Jean-Michel SANCHEZ.

Partners 
 Agence régionale pour l'innovation
 Groupe Banque Populaire
 Airemploi
 Centre d'études supérieures industrielles of Orléans
 Électricité de France
 Institut Polytechnique des Sciences Avancées

Sources and references

External links 
 Website of Aérocentre 

Aviation in France
Aerospace engineering organizations
Economy of France
High-technology business districts in France
Buildings and structures in Centre-Val de Loire
Kurt Ziebart. Kurt Ziebart (27 July 1920 – 12 September 2011) was a German-born American who is best known for inventing the rustproofing process for automobiles.

Early years
Ziebart was born on 27 July 1920 in West Prussia, Germany, before it became part of Poland. He served in the German Army during World War II. After the war, Ziebart became an auto mechanic before coming to the United States in 1953.  He landed in Detroit, where he worked at a Packard factory outlet that housed several auto dealerships.

Rustproofing
It was while working in a Detroit body shop that Ziebart saw the effects of rust and began looking for a way to protect cars against it.  That is when he developed the process to rust proof automobiles.  The process is often called "Ziebart-ing" or "Ziebart-ed", the generic term for rustproofing.

in 1959, he founded Auto Rustproofing Company with two other investors, and opened the first shop in Detroit on Harper Avenue. The company's first franchise was sold in 1962.

Later years
In 1963, Kurt Ziebart sold his rustproofing company to an investor group. He also sold the rights to the name Ziebart which he registered with the company's trademark, a helmet and shield design. In addition, he sold the rights to the exclusive tooling designed by Ziebart. By 2011, the company he had founded, now called Ziebart International, had grown to over 400 shops in 30 countries.

Death
Kurt Ziebart died at his home in Williamsburg, Michigan on 12 September 2011. He was 91. No cause was given.

References

German emigrants to the United States
1920 births
2011 deaths
SolverStudio. SolverStudio is a free Excel plug-in developed at the University of Auckland  that supports optimization and simulation modelling in a spreadsheet using an algebraic modeling language. It is popular in education, the public sector and industry for optimization users because it uses industry-standard modelling languages and is faster than traditional Excel optimisation approaches.

SolverStudio adds a text editor to Excel that is used to create a text-based optimization (or simulation) model using a modelling language such as PuLP, AMPL, GAMS or Julia/JuMP. SolverStudio also provides a tool for naming data on a spreadsheet (and specifying indices for this data), allowing the data to be used in the model. When the model is run, the system automatically reads input data from the spreadsheet and provides it to the model, and then writes the model results back to the spreadsheet.

SolverStudio works with a range of commercial and open source modelling systems. By default, it uses PuLP, an open-source Python COIN-OR modelling language. A second open-source Python option is Pyomo which supports non-linear and stochastic programming and provides access to a larger range of solvers. Another supported linear and non-linear modelling option is Julia/JuMP.

SolverStudio also makes the two popular commercial modelling languages, AMPL and GAMS available to Excel users. SolverStudio allows models written using these languages to be solved on the user's own PC, or in the cloud using  NEOS.

The GNU clone of AMPL, GMPL (GNU MathProg Language) is included with SolverStudio.

SolverStudio includes the open-source COIN-OR CMPL modelling language, and the Python-based SimPy  simulation language. SolverStudio supports general programming using both Python and IronPython, allowing these programming languages to be used to script Excel using the standard VBA interfaces.

References

External links 
  SolverStudio web site
  COIN-OR, Computational Infrastructure for Operations Research

Mathematical optimization software
University of Auckland
Microsoft Office-related software