omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Eolian (Solar car). Eolian is the name of a series of solar vehicles designed and manufactured by students, workers and professors at the University of Chile. The project involves different disciplines, including mechanical engineers, electrical engineers and industrial designers.

Eolian
Eolian was the first Chilean solar car, and was built in 2007. The idea started with a group of engineering students who had previously worked on an electric car in a local race called Formula-i.

The car is a tricycle with two fronts wheels and one rear wheel. The chassis is made of a composite with a core of balsa wood, the external fuselage is made of a fiberglass composite. It has 6 square meters of photo-voltaic cells, an induction engine with permanent magnets in the rear wheel and two battery compartments containing lithium cells.

Eolian took part in the 2007 World Solar Challenge and finished in 14th place.

Eolian 2

Eolian 2 is the second solar car from the University of Chile built in 2011 by a new team of students.

The car has a similar basic configuration to Eolian 1, but with differences that produce a better aerodynamic performance, more reliable structural design and an improved maneuverability. One of the main innovations was the use of carbon fiber in the composite materials of the chassis, which makes the car lighter.

Eolian 2 took part in the 2011 Atacama Solar Challenge race, taking second place and in the 2011 World Solar Challenge race, finishing 22nd. Due to the fact that the dates of the races were very close together, the project considered building two cars. The vehicle was divided into three pieces so that it could be shipped to Australia.

External links

 Eolian 2 in DSA
 Eolian in CE-FCFM
 Eolian 2 in CE-FCFM
 Final Results WSC 2011
 Eolian 2 Video at the Atacama Solar Challenge

Solar power in Chile
DFS 230F. The DFS 230F was a military assault glider designed and built in Germany, by Gotha during World War II, to succeed the smaller DFS 230 which it was only related to by name.

Design and development
After initial operations using the DFS 230, it became obvious to the Wehrmacht that a larger more capable assault glider would be desirable. The DFS 230 F was designed to fulfil that need, but in an atmosphere of political intransigence.

The RLM (Reichsluftfahrtministerium - German Air Ministry), issued a directive in 1941 that no effort was to be spent designing a replacement for the rather dated DFS 230 assault glider, in its weight class. Ing. Hünerjäger of Gothaer Waggonfabrik (Gotha) believed that a great improvement on the DFS 230 could be achieved with an aircraft of similar dimensions designing what was named the DFS 230 V7 despite the ban. Gotha named their new design's prototype DFS 230 V7, production aircraft were to be designated DFS 230F-1, to deflect criticism for ignoring the ban on DFS 230 replacement.

Generally similar in layout and construction to the DFS 230A, the DFS 230F was a larger machine capable of carrying almost double the weight of cargo of the base-line DFS 230A-1, as well as seating up to 15 troops, as opposed to seven.

Construction of the DFS 230F was of welded-steel tube for the fuselage with wooden wings, control and tail surfaces, all fabric or plywood skinned. The fuselage was provided with side doors and a removable roof panel to allow loading of bulky items.

Control of the aircraft was by conventional elevator, ailerons, with large landing flaps to reduce landing speed and spoilers to adjust the approach angle. The undercarriage consisted of two main-wheels attached to the fuselage sides and a tail-skid.

Completed in 1943 the DFS 230 V7 had a cargo hold measuring  x  x , a vast improvement on the DFS 230. Access to the hold was via large hatches in the fuselage sides and roof of the rear fuselage. For assault glider missions a crew of two would fly the aircraft with up to 11 Fallschirmjäger or up to  of cargo in overload conditions.

Despite successful flight trials no orders for production aircraft were forthcoming and only the prototype was built.

Variants
Data from:'
(Gotha) DFS 230 V7
The prototype of an assault glider in the same class as the DFS 230 (an altogether new design)

(Gotha) DFS 230F-1
The proposed production version

Specifications (DFS 230 V7)

See also

References

Further reading
 

1940s military gliders
Vehicles introduced in 1943
1943 in Germany
1940s German military transport aircraft
Glider aircraft
DFS 230F
Hubbard Monoplane. The Hubbard Monoplane (Hubbard II), also nicknamed "Mike", was an early aircraft designed by John McCurdy and built by the Canadian Aerodrome Company.

The Hubbard Monoplane was commissioned by Gardiner Greene Hubbard II of Boston. The monoplane was constructed at the Beinn Bhreagh estate of Alexander Graham Bell in Baddeck, Nova Scotia, by John McCurdy and F. W. "Casey" Baldwin. The aircraft was the third to be built by the Canadian Aerodrome Company, and the first to represent an indigenous design, although loosely based on the Blériot XI. The aircraft made two brief flights on 3 March 1910, flown by McCurdy.

After it was shipped to Montreal for the 1910 Montreal Air Meet, Hubbard was unsuccessful in flying the aircraft, it possibly being too low-powered to do more than taxiing. Shortly after, Hubbard had the aircraft dismantled and shipped to Boston, making it the first Canadian aircraft sold and built for export. The intent was to enter the aircraft at the Harvard-Boston Aero Meet in Boston. The aircraft was displayed at the aero meet, and was included in the photographs of the flight line, but it did not leave the ground.

Specifications (Baddeck No. 2)

References
Notes

Citations

Bibliography

 Green, H. Gordon. The Silver Dart: The Authentic Story of the Hon. J.A.D. McCurdy, Canada's First Pilot. Fredericton, New Brunswick: Atlantic Advocate Book, 1959.
 Harding, Les. McCurdy and the Silver Dart. Sydney, Nova Scotia: University College of Cape Breton, 1998. .
 Milberry, Larry. Aviation in Canada: The Pioneer Decades, Vol. 1. Toronto: CANAV Books, 2008. .
 Molson, Ken M. and Harold A. Taylor. Canadian Aircraft Since 1909. Stittsville, Ontario: Canada's Wings, Inc., 1982. .
 Skaarup, Harold A. Canadian Warplanes. Bloomington, Indiana: IUniverse, 2009. .

External links
 Baddeck no. 2 in Flight, 9 April 1910
 Their Flying Machines: Baddeck No. 1 and No. 2
 Baddeck no. 1
 Canadian Aerodrome Company

1900s Canadian experimental aircraft
Victoria County, Nova Scotia
Alexander Graham Bell
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1910
High-wing aircraft
Canadian Aerodrome Company aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
HD-4. HD-4 or Hydrodome number 4 was an early research hydrofoil watercraft developed by the scientist Alexander Graham Bell. It was designed and built at the Bell Boatyard on Bell's Beinn Bhreagh estate near Baddeck, Nova Scotia. In 1919, it set a world marine speed record of .

History 

The March 1906 Scientific American article by American pioneer William E. Meacham, explained the basic principle of hydrofoils and hydroplanes. Bell considered the invention of the hydroplane a very significant achievement. Baldwin studied the work of the Italian inventor Enrico Forlanini and began testing models based on his designs, which led them to the development of hydrofoil watercraft. Based on information gained from that article he began to sketch concepts of what is now called a hydrofoil boat. Bell, with his chief engineer Casey Baldwin, began hydrofoil experiments in the summer of 1908. During Bell's world tour of 1910–1911, Bell and Baldwin met with Forlanini in Italy, where they rode in his hydrofoil boat over Lake Maggiore. Baldwin described it as being as smooth as flying.

On returning to Bell's large laboratory and boatyard at his Beinn Bhreagh estate near Baddeck, Nova Scotia, they experimented with a number of designs, culminating in HD-4. In 1913, Dr. Bell hired Walter Pinaud, a Sydney yacht designer and builder as well as the proprietor of Pinaud's Yacht Yard in Westmount to work on the pontoons of HD-4. Pinaud soon took over the Bell Boatyard at Beinn Bhreagh. Pinaud's experience in boat-building enabled him to make useful design changes to HD-4. After the First World War, work began again on HD-4. Bell's report to the U.S. Navy permitted him to obtain two  Liberty V-12 engines in July 1919.

Bell and associate Frederick W. "Casey" Baldwin began hydrofoil experimentation in the summer of 1908, as a possible aid to airplane takeoff from water. On September 9, 1919, on the Bras d'Or Lakes, at Baddeck, HD-4 set a world marine speed record of , that stood for almost a year until being beaten by Gar Wood in Miss America.

Museum display 

A full-scale replica of Bell's HD-4 is viewable at the Alexander Graham Bell museum in Baddeck, Nova Scotia, Canada.

See also 
 Bras d'Or (R-103), a small experimental hydrofoil built for the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) during the 1950s
 HMCS Bras d'Or (FHE 400), a hydrofoil that served in the Canadian Forces from 1968 to 1971, and the fastest unarmed warship in the world for several years

References 
 Citations

 Bibliography

 
 
 
 

Hydrofoils
Water speed records
Alexander Graham Bell
1919 ships
German Climate Computing Centre. The German Climate Computing Centre (Deutsches Klimarechenzentrum, DKRZ) is a central service center for the German climate research and Earth system research. It operates high performance computing for applied and basic research in climate science and related disciplines. The main task of the DKRZ is to provide computing power and technical support for models and simulations of climate research.

The group commissioned a new supercomputer made by French company Atos in March 2022.

Organization 
The main shareholders of the German Climate Computing Centre are the Max Planck Society (55%) and the City of Hamburg (27%, represented by Hamburg University). Other partners are the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (9%) and the Helmholtz Centre in Geesthacht (9%, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, hereon). The DKRZ is sponsored by the Federal Ministry for Education and Research. The German Climate Computing Centre is one of four partners within the Cluster of Excellence CliSAP and member of the network KlimaCampus Hamburg.

External links 
Home page of the German Climate Computing Centre

References 

Supercomputer sites
Governmental meteorological agencies in Europe
Meteorological organisations based in Germany
Organisations based in Hamburg
Beier–Neely morphing algorithm. Image morphing is a technique to synthesize a fluid transformation from one image (source image) to another (destination image). Source image can be one or more than one images. There are two parts in the image morphing implementation. The first part is warping and the second part is cross-dissolving.

The algorithm of Beier and Neely is a method to compute a mapping of coordinates between 2 images from a set of lines; i.e., the warp is specified by a set of line pairs where the start-points and end-points are given for both images. The algorithm is widely used within morphing software.

Also noteworthy, this algorithm only discussed about the situation with at most 2 source images as there are other algorithms introducing multiple source images.

See also
Morphing
Image warping
Image processing

References

External links
Description of the algorithm by Evan Wallace of Brown University

Computer graphics algorithms
2012 Agni Air Dornier 228 crash. On 14 May 2012, a Dornier 228 passenger aircraft of Agni Air operating Flight CHT, crashed near Jomsom Airport, Nepal, killing 15 of the 21 people on board, including both pilots and Indian child actress Taruni Sachdev and her mother.

Accident 

The aircraft was flying from Pokhara Airport to Jomsom Airport on an unscheduled flight CHT. There were eighteen passengers, two pilots and a flight attendant on board. At 09:30 local time (03:45 UTC), Flight CHT attempted to land at Jomson, but the first attempt was aborted by the pilots. During the subsequent go-around, one of the aircraft's wings impacted a hill, causing the aircraft to crash, killing 15 out of the 21 people on board.

Aircraft 
The aircraft involved was a Dornier 228-212 registered as 9N-AIG. It was built by Dornier Flugzeugwerke in 1997 and was operated by Hornbill Skyways before being purchased by Agni Air in 2008.

Passengers and crew 
The victims were two Nepali crew members and 13 passengers, including Indian child actress Taruni Sachdev and her mother. Six other passengers survived with injuries.

See also 
Agni Air Flight 101

References

Aviation accidents and incidents in 2012
Aviation accidents and incidents in Nepal
Accidents and incidents involving the Dornier 228
Mustang District
2012 in Nepal 
May 2012 in Asia
2012 disasters in Nepal
India–Nepal relations
Saffron Technology. Saffron Technology, Inc., was a technology company headquartered in Cary, North Carolina, that developed cognitive computing systems. Their systems use incremental learning to understand and unify by entity (person, place or thing) the connections between an entity and other “things” in data, along with the context of their connections and their raw frequency counts. Saffron learns from all sources of data including structured and unstructured data to support knowledge-based decision making. Its patented technology captures the connections between data points at the entity level and stores these connections in an associative memory. Similarity algorithms and predictive analytics are then combined with the associative index to identify patterns in the data. Saffron’s Natural Intelligence platform was utilized across industries including manufacturing, energy, defense and healthcare, to help decision-makers manage risks, identify opportunities and anticipate future outcomes, thus reducing cost and increasing productivity. Its competitors included IBM Watson and Grok. As a Saffron customer and investor, Intel purchased the company in 2015. Intel announced Saffron's decision support product for manufacturing, including Intel's own internal use, but discontinued Saffron's external product and service offerings three years after its acquisition.

History

Saffron was founded in 1999 by Dr Manuel Aparicio, and Mr. James Fleming.

In 2000, former National Security Advisor Admiral (Dr.) John Poindexter joined the board with a focus of applying Associative Memory technology in the fields of National Security and Intelligence.

In the first years, the company did most of its work with the U.S. Department of Defense, including in Iraq, analyzing and predicting where IED’s would be located so insurgent bombers could be proactively targeted.

In 2010, the analyst firm Gartner identified Saffron as a "Cool Vendor" in Information Infrastructure for Enterprise Information Management 

In 2011, Forrester Research highlighted Saffron Technology as the leader of associative indexing in "The Dawning of a New Age in BI DBMS".

On March 3, 2014 Saffron Technology raised a round of Series B funding.

In October 2015, Intel bought Saffron Technology for an undisclosed price. Intel offered the licensed software with engineering services contracted to develop client applications and support ongoing use.

In August 2018, Intel discontinued the Saffron software offering and supporting engineering services. Intel never issued a press release.

National security

During the Iraqi insurgency Saffron was used by coalition forces in Iraq to help identify entities that were defined as people, places, and things involved in insurgent networks.

Saffron was contracted by DARPA to work on Project Genoa.

Industry
Saffron's Natural Intelligence platform was utilized by Global 1000 companies across industries including manufacturing, energy, defense and healthcare.

References

Defunct computer companies of the United States
Defunct computer hardware companies
Computer memory companies
Intel acquisitions
SDS-4. SDS-4 (Small Demonstration Satellite 4) is a small satellite (50 cm cube with mass of 50 kg) developed by JAXA.  It was launched as a secondary payload on the Shizuku mission on 17 May 2012 UTC.

In 2019, its ownership was transferred to the SKY Perfect JSAT Corporation (JSAT). Operation was terminated by the end of June 2021.

There are four rather specialised systems on the satellite:

 SPAISE (SPace-based Automatic Identification SystEm) - test on-orbit a receiver for picking up signals from Automatic Identification System transmitters on ships well out to sea, and determine how space-based reception is affected by interference between nearby transmitters and by environmental conditions.
 FOX (Flat heat-pipe on-orbit experiment) - to test whether flat heat pipes work in space in accordance with theoretical models and with tests on Earth
 IST (In-flight experiment of Solar absorption rate with THERME) - to acquire information about the effect of sunlight in space on thermal coatings, re-flying the THERME instrument developed by CNES for testing different thermal coatings 
 QCM (Quartz Crystal Microbalance) - to test whether a Japanese-manufactured quartz microbalance works well in monitoring contamination of the satellite from assembly to on-orbit operation.

References 

Spacecraft launched in 2012
Satellites of Japan
Spacecraft launched by H-II rockets
OpTIIX. OpTIIX (Optical Testbed and Integration on ISS eXperiment) is a NASA project to advance the state of the art in technology for the robotic assembly of optical systems, by assembling a 1.5-metre telescope on the International Space Station.

The telescope will consist of six segments, with active co-phasing and figure control to achieve performance like a single large telescope; this would be the first civilian use of this kind of segmented mirror in space.

References 

Robotics projects
Learjet 70/75. The Learjet 70/75 is a mid-sized business jet airplane manufactured by the Learjet division of Canadian aircraft manufacturer Bombardier Aerospace. With production ending in 2022, it is the last Learjet model.

Design

These models feature new avionics, winglets, and powerful engines that use less fuel.

The Learjet 40/45 light jet is updated with touchscreen-controlled Garmin G5000 avionics and a modern interior. The combination of aerodynamic improvements, which lowered the design's drag by 2%, and 200 lbs less weight in the nose section resulted in an increased range of 4%.

The canted winglet design was incorporated from the Bombardier Global 7500/8000.

Both variants are powered by  Honeywell TFE731-40BR turbofans with thrust reversers, have a MTOW of  and a fuel capacity of  for a maximum range of  with four passengers.
Typical cruise is Mach .76 and high-speed cruise is Mach .79, the ceiling is FL510 where the cabin altitude is .
Their flat-floor cabin width is  high, the Learjet 70's seven-seat cabin length is  for the nine-seat, double-club Learjet 75.

The forward galley facing the entry door is isolated by a pocket door from the seating area with a Lufthansa Technik cabin management, and the aft lavatory has a belted seat.
The  external baggage hold is heated but not pressurized.

At FL410, ISA +  and Mach .78 for , its hourly fuel burn is  and  at Mach .80.

Development
Two of the planned five flight test aircraft, a modified Learjet 40XR and Learjet 45XR, had flown by July 2012.

The Learjet 75 received its type certificate from the FAA on 14 November 2013.
Deliveries began shortly thereafter.
This delay in certification caused order cancellations, and Bombardier's overall deliveries fell below expectations. By 2015, the unit cost of the Learjet 70 was US$11.3 million, and US$13.8 million for the Learjet 75. By 2016, production of Learjet 70 had been temporarily discontinued due to lack of orders (with Learjet 75 still being produced at that time).

The 100th Learjet 75 was delivered in June 2017.

By January 2019, Bombardier had delivered 132 Learjet 40/40XRs, 454 45/45XRs, and nearly 130 70/75s, including 24 in 2016 and 14 in 2017.
In June, Bombardier launched the sub-$10 million Learjet 75 Liberty to compete with the Cessna CitationJet and Embraer Phenom 300 from 2020, with six seats down from eight, no standard APU or lavatory sink, but still Part 25 and not FAR Part 23 certified, with a maximum payload of  and a range of .

Bombardier announced the end of the production of Learjet aircraft by the end of 2021. The final Learjet 75 was manufactured in January 2022.
As Bombardier focuses on its larger Challenger and Global jets, it was delivered on 28 March 2022.

Deliveries

Specifications (Learjet 75)

See also
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era:
 Beechcraft Premier I
 Citation CJ4
 Embraer Phenom 300
 Grob G180 SPn
 Hawker 400
 Pilatus PC-24
 SyberJet SJ30

References

Footnotes

Notes

External links

 
 
 

70 75
Twinjets
T-tail aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear
2010s United States business aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 2012
EUR-ACE label. The EUR-ACE (European Accredited Engineer) Label is a certificate of quality awarded to degree programmes in Engineering. 

The EUR-ACE label is awarded after authorization from the European Network for Accreditation of Engineering Education (ENAEE). ENAEE grants this authorization to agencies that accredit degree programmes in Engineering in accordance with the  European Qualifications Framework (EQF) standards and with ENAEE standards.

Agencies authorised to award the EUR-ACE label
As of January 2019, the agencies authorised to award the EUR-ACE label are as follows:
 Finland –  FINEEC – Kansallinen Koulutuksen Arviointikeskus Karv
 France – CTI Commission des titres d'ingénieur
 Germany – ASIIN – Fachakkreditierungsagentur für Studiengänge der Ingenieurwissenschaften, der Informatik, der Naturwissenschaften, und der Mathematik
 Ireland –  Engineers Ireland
 Italy – Quacing – Agenzia per la Certificazione di  Qualità e l’Accreditamento EUR-ACE dei Corsi di Studio in Ingegneria
 Kazakhstan – KazSEE – Kazakhstan Society for Engineering Education
 Poland – KAUT – Accreditation Commission of Universities of Technology
 Portugal –  OE Ordem dos Engenheiros
 Romania – ARACIS – The Romanian Agency for Quality Assurance in Higher Education
 Russia – AEER – Association for Engineering Education of Russia
 Slovakia – ZSVTS – Association of Slovak Scientific and Technological Societies
 Spain – ANECA/  IIE – National Agency for Quality Assessment and Accreditation of Spain, with Instituto de la Ingeniería de España
 Switzerland – AAQ –  Agence Suisse d'Accréditation et d'Assurance Qualité
 Turkey –  MÜDEK – Association for Evaluation and Accreditation of Engineering Programmes
 United Kingdom – Engineering Council

EUR-ACE labelled programmes  
As of January 2019, the EUR-ACE label has been awarded to about  3,000 engineering degree programmes in 35 countries both within and outside of Europe.

References

Engineering education
Higher education accreditation
Professional certification in engineering
Education in Europe