omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
John Gilbert (agent). John Gilbert (1724–1795) was land agent and engineer to the third Duke of Bridgewater and is credited with the idea that led to the building of the Bridgewater Canal.

John Gilbert was born in Staffordshire. When he was aged 12–13 he was apprenticed to Matthew Boulton, a manufacturer of small metal objects and the father of Matthew Boulton, the engineer. When Gilbert was aged 19 his father died and he left his apprenticeship to superintend the family lime works. John's brother, Thomas, was working as agent to Lord Gower, brother-in-law of the Duke of Bridgewater. Thomas invited John to inspect the Duke's coal mines at Worsley, and here John suggested the idea of a canal, to drain the mines and to convey the coal. Around 1758 John was appointed as the Duke's agent and moved to live in Worsley. Here he started on the levelling and surveying work necessary for this project. Later James Brindley was appointed as engineer to the canal and the Duke, Gilbert and Brindley worked on the plans for the canal and supervised its building from Worsley Old Hall.

For the Duke, Gilbert also ran the demesne farm and set up a lead pencil factory at Worsley using plumbago from the Duke's mines in Keswick. When lime was found on the Duke's estate, Gilbert's previous experience helped to develop lime burning as an additional source of revenue. As separate undertakings, Gilbert worked on the drainage of Martin Mere and in the reclamation of the northern portion of Chat Moss. In the 1770s Gilbert worked as agent for the Duke of Devonshire working on a project to build an underground canal for his Ecton Hill mines.  In the 1780s Gilbert developed the first deep salt mine at Marston Mine near the Lion Salt Works in Cheshire. At the time of his death work was proceeding to his design of an inclined plane within the Worsley mining system.

See also

Canals of the United Kingdom
History of the British canal system

References
Citations

Sources

Although no details of author and date are given, this is likely to be a reliable source as it was published for the Manchester Ship Canal Company in 1973 or later (a picture of the reopening of the canal is on the cover).

Further reading

1724 births
1795 deaths
People from Staffordshire
People of the Industrial Revolution
English canal engineers
18th-century English engineers
Refractory (planetary science). In planetary science, any material that has a relatively high equilibrium condensation temperature is called refractory. The opposite of refractory is volatile.

The refractory group includes elements and compounds like metals and silicates (commonly termed rocks) which make up the bulk of the mass of the terrestrial planets and asteroids in the inner belt. A fraction of the mass of other asteroids, giant planets, their moons and trans-Neptunian objects is also made of refractory materials.

Classification

The elements can be divided into several categories:

The condensation temperatures are the temperatures at which 50% of the element will be in the form of a solid (rock) under a pressure of 10−4 bar. However, slightly different groups and temperature ranges are used sometimes. Refractory material are also often divided into refractory lithophile elements and refractory siderophile elements.

References

Planetary geology
Petrology
Volcanology
Astrobiology
Origins
Prebiotic chemistry
Plutonium borides. Several plutonium borides can be formed by direct combination of plutonium and boron powders in an inert atmosphere at reduced pressure.

PuB was reported to form at 1200 °C with a range of 40–70% boron. It supposedly has a Pu-B bond length of 2.46 Å and the NaCl structure, as do TiB, ZrB and HfB. The existence of PuB was contested later based on several arguments.

PuB2 is formed at 800 °C and has a similar structure to most other metal diborides.

At 1200 °C with 70–85% boron, mixtures of PuB4 and PuB6 are formed, with more of the latter as the temperature increases; PuB4 has the  tetragonal structure (same as UB4), and PuB6 has cubic structure, same as all hexaborides (CaB6, LaB6 etc.).

The most remarkable plutonium boride is arguably PuB100. Its existence demonstrates the importance of contamination in boride research because as little as 1% of an impurity is capable of changing its crystal structure.

References 

Borides
Plutonium compounds
Cyborg Soldier. Cyborg Soldier is a science fiction film released on October 7, 2008, directed by John Stead, and starring Rich Franklin, Tiffani Thiessen, and Bruce Greenwood.

Plot
I.S.A.A.C. (Intuitive Synthetic Autonomous Assault Commando), played by former UFC Middleweight Champion Rich Franklin, is the first prototype of a secret "human weapon" program. Once a death-row inmate, he is now a genetically reconstructed, highly trained, deadly assassin whose body and mind have been modified to become a physically regenerative, intellectually superior human being.

While on the run, I.S.A.A.C. takes Deputy Lindsay Rearden (Tiffani Thiessen; Beverly Hills, 90210) hostage. Their lives are in jeopardy from military agents being led by robotics engineer Simon Hart (Bruce Greenwood; I, Robot; National Treasure: Book of Secrets). Deputy Reardon and I.S.A.A.C. work together to expose the military group constructing the super beings.

References

External links
 

2008 science fiction action films
2008 films
American science fiction action films
Films about cyborgs
American exploitation films
2000s English-language films
2000s American films
English-language science fiction action films
FS Class E.403. E.403 is a class of electric locomotives to be used on fast freight trains by the Italian railway company FS Trenitalia. It is designed and manufactured in Italy by AnsaldoBreda.

History 
In the early 2000s Trenitalia developed plans to expand its freight operations into mainland Europe, especially on the Italy-Austria-Germany corridor. A new locomotive had to be conceived for the plans to become reality, and was originally designated E.402C. It was a further evolution of the E.402B locomotive, with additional equipment to operate in these countries and substantially different Hembot bogies. The locomotives would originally be delivered between 2004 and 2006.

The programme started to suffer major blows: as AnsaldoBreda built this locomotive series exclusively for Trenitalia, on a non-standard platform (unlike the TRAXX and EuroSprinter locomotives which share standard components) the costs were exploding. The locomotive was downsized with the removal of the 1.5 kV and 15 kV parts and French, German and Austrian safety systems. Instead Trenitalia took 51% of the shares in TXLogistik and sought approval for its E.412 locomotives in Austria and Germany. The (limited) Austrian and German approval was given in 2006, with TXLogistik drivers operating the trains in Austria and Germany.

The E.402C programme was renamed E.403 in 2005, with its characteristics finalised in the same year: the locomotive would now be used on fast freight trains, partly operating on the new high-speed lines. Delivery started in 2006 and approval was planned for 2007. However, by February 2010 no freight train has ever run on HS lines, and the E.403 are not yet entered in regular service. In the early months of 2010 Trenitalia decided to assign these locomotives to the Passenger Division.

See also 
 FS Class E.402

References 

E.403
Bo′Bo′ locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 2006
AnsaldoBreda locomotives
Multi-system locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Italy
Freight locomotives
Bo′Bo′ electric locomotives of Europe
Perfluorooctane. Perfluorooctane, also known as octadecafluorooctane, is a fluorocarbon liquid—a perfluorinated derivative of the hydrocarbon octane. It can be a good substitute for insulating oil in high voltage electronics. In addition to heat transfer applications, it has also been used as a breathable fluid in partial liquid ventilation.

Production
Perfluorooctane can be produced by the Fowler process or by electrochemical fluorination.

Fowler process
The Fowler process involves moderating the action of elemental fluorine with cobalt fluoride in the gas phase from octane.

Electrochemical fluorination
Electrolysis in hydrogen fluoride of nonanoic acid will produce both perfluorononanoic acid and perfluorooctane. Perfluorooctane manufactured this way is marketed under the name PF5080 (or FC77) by 3M as part of their Fluorinert range of heat transfer fluids.

Applications
Perfluorooctane is chemically inert, but has useful physical properties, leading to its employment in diverse areas:
 Heat transfer agent
 Dielectric fluid
 Tamponade in eye surgery

References 

Perfluoroalkanes
Halogenated solvents
Coolants
John D. Van Buren Jr.. John Dash Van Buren Jr. (August 8, 1838 – March 11, 1918) was an American civil engineer, naval engineer, lawyer and politician from New York. He was New York State Engineer and Surveyor from 1876 to 1877.

Early life
Van Buren was born on August 8, 1838, in New York City.  He was the son of Assemblyman John D. Van Buren (1811–1885) and Elvira Lynch (née Aymar) Van Buren (1817–1898).

He studied at Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard University, and graduated C.E. from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1860.

Career
From 1860 to 1861, he was Assistant Engineer of the Croton Aqueduct Department of New York City. At the outbreak of the American Civil War, he joined the Engineering Corps of the U.S. Navy and was on duty in the Gulf of Mexico, the Bureau of Steam Engineering and the Peninsula Campaign. Afterwards, he was for four years an Assistant Professor of Natural Philosophy and Engineering at the United States Naval Academy.

In 1868, he resigned his commission of First Assistant Engineer, with the rank of lieutenant, studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1869, and practiced for a short time in New York City. Then he returned to engineering, and entered the service of the City of New York as Assistant Engineer in the Bureau of Sewers, and later as Assistant Engineer in the Department of Docks under General George B. McClellan, his commanding officer of the Peninsula Campaign who had been appointed Chief Engineer of the Department of Docks in 1870.

In 1875, Van Buren was a member of the Tilden Commission to investigate the State canals.  He was State Engineer and Surveyor from 1876 to 1877, elected in November 1875 on the Democratic ticket.  Afterwards he resumed his private practice.

Personal life
In 1875, he married Elizabeth Ludlow Jones (sister of banker Shipley Jones), and their son was Maurice Pelham Van Buren (1894–1979).

He died on March 11, 1918, in New Brighton, Staten Island.

Legacy
He was a member of the American Society of Civil Engineers, and of the American Society of Naval Engineers. Besides papers in theJournal of the Franklin Institute and the Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, he has published Investigation of Formulas for Iron Parts of Steam Machinery (New York, 1869).

References

1838 births
1918 deaths
New York State Engineers and Surveyors
Politicians from New York City
American people of Dutch descent
American civil engineers
United States Navy officers
Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences alumni
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni
Lawyers from New York City
19th-century American lawyers
Micromixer. In mechanics, a micromixer is a device based on mechanical microparts used to mix fluids. This device represents a key technology to fields such as Chemical industry, Pharmaceutical industry, Analytical chemistry, Biochemistry, and high-throughput synthesis, since it makes use of the miniaturization of the fluids associated in the mixing to reduce quantities involved in the chemical and/or biochemical processes.

Types and Technology
There are two types of micromixers: passive and active.

Active mixers use an external energy source, either electric or magnetic, to perform the mixing of the fluids. Passive mixers have no power source and use pressure to guide the flow.

References

External links
Micromixers in Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe
Application of Micromixers in Smart Biosensors

Microtechnology
Microfluidics
The Machine That Changed the World (TV series). The Machine That Changed the World (1992) (broadcast the previous year under the alternative title "The Dream Machine" in the UK, with different narration, content & editing) is a 5-episode television series on the history of electronic digital computers.  It was written and directed by Nancy Linde, and produced by WGBH Television of Boston, Massachusetts, and the British Broadcasting Corporation.  Backers included the Association for Computing Machinery, the National Science Foundation, and the UNISYS Corporation.

The first three episodes deal with the history of fully electronic general-purpose digital computers from the ENIAC through desktop microcomputers.  The pre-history of such machines is examined in the first episode ("Giant Brains"), and includes a discussion of the contributions of Charles Babbage, Ada Lovelace, Alan Turing, and others.  The fourth episode ("The Thinking Machine") explores the topic of artificial intelligence.  The fifth episode ("The World at Your Fingertips") explores the then-newly-emerging worldwide networking of computers.  All episodes begin and end with a song by Peter Howell, "Stellae matutinae radius exoritur" ("The morning star's ray arises") and are narrated by long-time Frontline narrator Will Lyman.

External links

Video resource guide at American University Computing History Museum
Episode synopses at Virginia Tech
Synopsis of Episode 1, "Giant Brains" at waxy.org
Synopsis of Episode 2, "Inventing the Future", at waxy.org
Synopsis of Episode 3, "The Paperback Computer", at waxy.org 
Synopsis of Episode 4, "The Thinking Machine", at waxy.org
Synopsis of Episode 5, "The World at Your Fingertips", at waxy.org

1990s American documentary television series
Documentary television series about computing
Fluvalinate. Fluvalinate is a synthetic pyrethroid chemical compound contained as an active agent in the products Apistan, Klartan, and Minadox, that is an acaricide (specifically, a miticide), commonly used to control Varroa mites in honey bee colonies, infestations that constitute a significant disease of such insects.

Fluvalinate is a stable, nonvolatile, viscous, heavy oil (technical) soluble in organic solvents. 
Although the compound may be found in drones, a study has found honey samples virtually absent of fluvalinate, on account of its affinity to beeswax.

CHS Health Classification 
Fluvalinate is considered an acute toxic, Health hazard and environmental hazard by ECHA (European Chemicals Agency).

The chemical is fatal if inhaled and is extremally toxic to aquatic life. If not fatal the effects are permanent and has multiple long lasting effects.

Stereoisomerism 
Fluvalinate is synthesized from racemic valine [(RS)-valine], the synthesis is not diastereoselective. Thus, fluvalinate is a mixture of four stereoisomers, each about 25%.

Tau-fluvalinate (τ-fluvalinate) is the trivial name for (2R)-fluvalinate. The C atom in the valinate structure is in (R)-absolute configuration, while the second chiral atom is a mixture of (R)- and (S)-configurations:

See also 
 
 Diseases of the honey bee

References

Further reading

External links 
 EPA: Tau-fluvalinate; Reregistration Eligibility Decision for Low Risk Pesticide; Notice of Availability
 
 
 ECHA

Pyrethroids
Chloroarenes
Trifluoromethyl compounds
Nitriles
Phenol ethers
Cyanohydrin esters
Burner (rocket stage). The Burner, Burner II, and Burner IIA rocket stages have been used as upper stages of launch vehicles such as the Thor-Burner and Delta since 1965.

Burner I 
The Burner I stage (also called the Altair stage) was derived from the fourth stage of the Scout launch vehicle, and was powered by a Star 37 solid rocket motor (Thiokol TE 364-1).

Burner II 
In September 1965, Air Force Space Systems Division announced the development of a new, low cost upper stage called Burner II, powered by Thiokol TE-M-364-2 engine. It was intended as the smallest maneuverable upper stage in the Air Force inventory. In June 1967, the first Thor/Burner II vehicle successfully launched a pair of satellites to orbit. 

In June 1971, the last of the Burner II missions was launched from Vandenberg by a Thor/Burner II launch vehicle and carried an SESP-1 space environmental satellite.

In the mid-1970s Burner II was also studied for use as an upper stage in combination with the Space Shuttle. NASA managers choose other solutions for missions where upper stages were required.

Burner IIA 
In June 1969, the Space and Missile Systems Organization (SAMSO) began development of the Burner IIA configuration which would offer a tandem motor injection capability and almost twice the capability of Burner II. 

In addition to use on Delta family rockets, Burner II stages have been used on both Atlas and Titan rockets. Atlas E/F vehicles were configured with a Burner II/IIA stage and launched in 1968 and 1972. The first launch failed with the second delivering a radiation research payload for the Space Test Program (P72-1 Radsat) using Burner IIA.

References 

Rocket stages
 
1967 in spaceflight
1971 in spaceflight
Samarai Advanced Seaplane Base. Samarai Advanced Seaplane Base was a US Navy seaplane base at Samarai Island, Papua New Guinea during World War II.

The advanced seaplane base was built by a detachment of the 84th Naval Construction Battalion with help from members of USS San Pablo (AVP-30), a seaplane tender. The base was built within 42 days and included a  ramp, small hangar,  apron, barrack accommodation for 270 men and four 1,000 barrel aviation fuel tanks.

The seaplane tenders sailors worked around the clock to fuel, repair, arm, control the seaplanes, feed and care for the PBY Catalina crews.

Operations from the base included attacking enemy shipping along the coasts of New Guinea, New Britain, New Ireland, and the Bismarck Sea. Heavy losses were inflicted upon Imperial Japanese inter-island barge traffic and shipping. The aircraft harassed enemy troops with night bombing and strafing missions, conducted photo intelligence operations, provided air-sea search and rescue support for downed allied pilots and sailors of sunken vessels. They also transported high-ranking officers, friendly coast watchers, and native guerrilla units.

Samarai Seaplane Base was located on Samarai Island  at . The seaplane base shore facilities were on Sariba Island, just to the east of Samarai Island at .  On Sariba Island Seabee built a camp for 270 troops, a small boat pier, communication center, headquarters, mess hall, and aviation-gasoline tank farm, supply depot.

The base also operated a crash boat base at the camp, with Rescue Boat C-9485. The seaplane base was part of Naval Base Milne Bay. By May 1945 the base was too far away from the action, and was packed up by the Seabee and moved to more forward bases in the Philippines and Okinawa.

Units Based at Samari Advanced Seaplane Base
Patrol Squadron Thirty Three (VP-33), Fleet Air Wing 17 (PBY Catalina)
Patrol Squadron Thirty Four (VP-34), Fleet Air Wing 17 (PBY Catalina)
Patrol Squadron One Hundred One (VP-101), Fleet Air Wing 17 (PBY Catalina)
USS San Pablo (AVP-30) (Seaplane tender)
USS Half Moon (AVP-26) (Seaplane tender)

See also

U.S. Naval Base Subic Bay
Espiritu Santo Naval Base
US Naval Advance Bases
Naval Advance Base Saipan
Battle of Milne Bay order of battle

References

Airfields of the United States Navy
Military installations closed in the 1940s
Seaplane bases
Closed installations of the United States Navy
Samarai Advanced Seaplane Base
Jerusalem College of Engineering, Chennai. The Jerusalem College of Engineering is an autonomous engineering college located in Chennai, India, established in the 1995. The college is part of the Jerusalem Educational Trust, which was formed and registered in 1993. The college offers programs in the fields of engineering and technology, medicine, dentistry, paramedical work, arts, science, commerce, and physical education.

Location 
Jerusalem College of Engineering is situated in Velachery, Chennai.

Courses 
The courses offered by Jerusalem College of Engineering are approved by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), New Delhi. and affiliated to Anna University, Chennai.

Undergraduate 
Leading to a B.E/B.Tech degree:
Biomedical Engineering
Civil Engineering
Computer Science and Engineering
Electronics and Communication Engineering
Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Information Technology
Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering

Postgraduate
Leading to a Master of Engineering degree:
Applied Electronics
Computer Science & Engineering
Power Electronics & Drives
Construction and Management Engineering
Software Engineering
Master of Computer Applications 
Master of Business Administration

Accreditation And Recognition
 
 Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai.
 Accredited by NBA, New Delhi.
 Accredited with Grade 'A' by NAAC. 
 Awarded Best Student Branch - 2011-2012 by the Computer Society of India, Mumbai. 
 Accredited by Capgemini.
 The Department of Electrical Engineering is recognized by Anna University Key Nodal Center.
 The Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering is recognized by Anna University as a Research Center.
 Certified as a Golden Partner by Keane (formerly known as Caritor India Ltd.).

References

External links
Official Website

Engineering colleges in Chennai
Ōhashi Station (disambiguation). may refer to:
Ōhashi Station, on the Nishitetsu Tenjin Ōmuta Line in Minami-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan 
Ōhashi Station (Nagasaki), on the Nagasaki Electric Tramway Routes 1・2・3 in Nagasaki, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan
Ōhashi Station (Ibaraki), on the discontinued Hitachi Electric Railway Line in Hitachi, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan
Ōhashi Station (Kamaishi), on the discontinued Kamaishi Mining Railway in Kamaishi, Iwate Prefecture, Japan
Ōhashi Station (Tokyo), on the discontinued Tōkyū Tamagawa Line (tramway) in Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan

Other stations with similar names include: 
Rikuchū-Ōhashi Station (陸中大橋駅), on the JR East Kamaishi Line in Kamaishi, Iwate Prefecture, Japan
Ikejiri-Ōhashi Station (池尻大橋駅), on the Tōkyū Den-en-toshi Line that replaced Ōhashi Station (Tokyo) above