omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
John Melling (locomotive engineer). John Melling (1782-1856) was the locomotive superintendent for the Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR) and contributed several railway engineering patents.  Melling was a key person in the operation of the L&MR through the early pioneering days of the L&MR.

Life
Melling was born in 1782.

In 1833 the L&MR's first locomotive foreman was sacked for gross misconduct, and Melling was appointed to the twin roles of Superintendent of the Engine Shops and Locomotive Foreman.  Dawson describes his role as an "unsung hero of the Liverpool and Manchester" in keeping trains moving on the railway during his tenure in that position until January 1840.

In 1833 Melling was to produce a design for an improve firebox for locomotives using hollow, water-filled fire-bars, and an ash-pit integrated into the boiler, the L&MR's management committee instructing this design of a "model firebox" was to be fitted to Experiment.

In December 1839 Melling was given notice to quit within three months, with John Dewrance appointed "Locomotive Superintendent and Foreman of the Engine Shops" in January 1840. Upon leaving Melling and son Thomas were to establish Rainlhill Iron Works.

Melling died in 1856.

Family
Melling's son also named John was appointed to the Dublin and Kingstown Railway (D&KR) in Ireland to relieve Bergin of his direct oversight of the company's mechanical side, a position he was to hold until January 1840 with various commendations until resigning in January 1840 due to bookkeeping irregularities to be succeeded by Richard Pim, a relative of James Pim, the D&KR's treasurer. His son Thomas was at one time his assistant but left to work for the Grand Junction Railway.

References

Notes

Footnotes

Sources

 
 

Locomotive builders and designers
English railway mechanical engineers
British railway pioneers
People of the Industrial Revolution
British steam engine engineers
1782 births
1856 deaths
Horizontec Halcón. The Horizontec Halcón is a light-sport aircraft (LSA) developed and manufactured in Mexico by Horizontec, the Universidad Aeronáutica de Querétaro (UNAQ) and the Centro Nacional de Tecnología Aeronáuticas (CENTA).

Design and development 
The design was conceived in Italy by Giovani Angelucci, who later moved to Mexico City to create the first prototype, and the company Horizontec was born in 2014. In 2015 CONACYT and the Ministry of Economy granted financial support for 5 million pesos (around $312,000 US dollars) to support the project, which would be incubated a year later by CENTA and UNAQ.

The first prototype was built with aircraft grade wood, fiberglass, epoxy resin and other light materials, it included a 100 horsepower Rotax 912 ULS engine and its first flight was made on September 30, 2017.

Its seating configuration is side by side, with fixed tricycle landing gear. The aircraft is designed to carry out tasks such as surveillance, reconnaissance, exhibition, research and development. In 2016 SEDENA presented the model of a military trainer plane called "Proyecto Azteca A01", which received strong criticism for its similarities with the Halcón H1.

The Halcón H1 will be used as the basis for the development of the Horizontec Halcón H2, which will be assembled in composite materials by IK Aerospace, it will have a 141-horsepower Rotax 915 iS engine and Garmin 3GX avionics.

Accidents and incidents 
 On April 15, 2021, a Halcón H1 aircraft with registration XB-PMZ that was conducting touch and go landings at Querétaro Airport had to make a forced landing in the Municipality of Colón, severely damaging the aircraft and leaving its two crew members injured.

Specifications

References

External links

 IK Aerospace
 Horizontec

Experimental aircraft
Mexican civil aircraft
Light-sport aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Sonya T. Smith. Sonya Teresa Smith is an American mechanical engineer whose research involves computational fluid dynamics and thermal management of electronics for air and space vehicles. She is a professor at Howard University, the director of the atmospheric sciences program at Howard University, and the 2020–2021 president of Sigma Xi.

Education and career
Smith is the daughter of mathematician Emma B. Smith and historian James W. Smith, both professors at Virginia State University; she is a graduate of Matoaca High School in Virginia. She majored in mathematics at Valdosta State University, with an emphasis in computer science, and graduated with a B.S. in 1986. After working as a programmer and engineer at NASA's Langley Research Center from 1986 to 1989, she returned to graduate study in mechanical and aerospace engineering at the University of Virginia, where she earned a master's degree in 1991 and completed her Ph.D. in 1995, as the first African-American woman in that program. Her dissertation, The Nonlinear Interaction of Goertler Vortices and Tollmien-Schlichting Waves in Compressible Boundary Layers, was supervised by Hossein Haj-Hariri.

She joined Howard University as an assistant professor in 1995 and was promoted to associate professor in 2001 and full professor in 2010. She served as chair of mechanical engineering from 2011 to 2015. She was the first woman in mechanical engineering to earn tenure at Howard University, the first to become a full professor, and the first to become department chair.

Recognition
Smith was elected as president of Sigma Xi, an honor society for American scientists and engineers, for the 2020–2021 term. In 2021, Smith was named to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. She is also a Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American mechanical engineers
African-American women engineers
21st-century American women engineers
21st-century American engineers
African-American engineers
Valdosta State University alumni
University of Virginia School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
Howard University faculty
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
American women academics
21st-century African-American people
21st-century African-American women
Hector Martin (hacker). Hector Martin Cantero (born September 9, 1990), also known as marcan, is a Spanish security hacker and current lead developer on the Asahi Linux project. He is also known for hacking multiple PlayStation generations, the Wii and other devices.

Biography

Education 
Martin went to the American School of Bilbao (Spain), where he received his primary and secondary education.

Career
Since 2011, he has been an official staff volunteer at Euskal Encounter, Gipuzkoa Encounter and Araba Encounter LAN parties. He is the coordinator of the Free Software area, where he organizes the "Hack It / Solve It" competition (a cybersecurity challenge known as capture the flag) and the "AI Contest" competition.

He has been part of fail0verflow, (formerly known as Team Twiizers) where he was responsible for reverse engineering and hacking the Wii. He was the first to write an open source driver for the Microsoft Kinect by reverse engineering for which he was widely credited. Sony sued him and others for hacking the PlayStation 3; the case was eventually settled out of court. In 2016, he ported Linux to the PlayStation 4 and demonstrated that at the 33rd Chaos Communication Congress by running Steam inside Linux. He wrote the usbmuxd tool for synchronizing data from iPhones to Linux computers.

In 2021, Martin founded the Asahi Linux project, an effort to port Linux to the new Apple silicon-powered Macs. He currently remains the lead developer on the project. While reverse engineering Apple's hardware, Martin discovered the "M1racles" security vulnerability on the Apple M1 processor.

See also 
 Asahi Linux

References

External links 
 
 Hector Martin's YouTube ― Asahi Linux coding streams

1990 births
Living people
Hackers
Computer security specialists
PlayStation (brand)
Reverse engineering
Chinese destroyer Dalian (105). Dalian (105) is a Type 055 destroyer of the People's Liberation Army Navy. She was commissioned on 23 April 2021.

Development and design 
The People's Liberation Army Navy was interested in a large destroyer from as early as the late-1960s. A development program, code-named "055", initiated in 1976 was cancelled in 1983 after encountering insurmountable technical obstacles from industrial underdevelopment; for example, the required gas turbine power plants could neither be produced domestically, nor imported at acceptable prices. In April 2014, an image emerged of a full-scale mock-up of the Type 055 superstructure - with enclosed integrated mast for radar and other electronics at the Chinese naval electronic testing range in Wuhan.

The Type 055 is expected to undertake expeditionary missions and form the primary escort for Chinese aircraft carriers. The United States classifies these ships as cruisers. The United States Navy defines a cruiser as a large multi-mission surface combatant with flagship capabilities; this suggests the U.S. expects the Type 055 to fulfill a similar role as the .

Construction and career 
Dalian is the third ship of the class and laid down and launched on 8 July 2018 at the Dalian Shipyard in Liaoning. On 23 April 2021, the ship was commissioned by Central Military Commission chairman Xi Jinping at The Yulin Naval Base at  in a ceremony that coincided with the 72nd anniversary of the PLAN.

References 

2018 ships
Ships built in China
Type 055 destroyers
Chinese landing helicopter dock Hainan. Hainan (31) is the lead ship of the Type 075 landing helicopter dock of the People's Liberation Army Navy. She was commissioned on 23 April 2021.

Development and design 
The Type 075 is a large-scale amphibious assault ship of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy. This ship is the largest amphibious warship of the People's Liberation Army Navy. It has a hangar and can carry nearly 30 helicopters of various types. It has a through deck and can take off and land multiple helicopters at the same time. There is a dock, which can be used as a mother ship for amphibious vehicles, landing craft, and air-cushioned landing craft (LCAC), and can transport soldiers, infantry fighting vehicles, tanks, etc. for landing operations.

The Type 075 is China's all-through deck amphibious assault ship. The demonstration work was initiated in 2011. The comprehensive development project was established around 2013.

It was researched and designed by the 708 Research Institute of the China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation; previously almost all amphibious warships of the Chinese Navy were built by the design of the institute, including the Type 071 amphibious transport dock, the Type 072, Type 073, and Type 074 classes of landing ships, and the Type 726 LCAC. After the Type 075 started its program demonstration in 2011, several revisions were made during the period. During this period, the headquarters and the navy had different opinions: In 2016, the General Armed Forces Department recommended that the Type 075 adopt a non-through deck superstructure, but the Chinese Navy insisted on connecting it. Offset deck superstructure (same as all-through decks and offset islands of foreign amphibious assault ships), and finally adopted the navy's opinion and put it into practice.

Construction and career 
Hainan was the first ship of the class and laid down in 2018 and launched on 25 September 2019 at the Hudong Shipyard in Shanghai. She suffered a minor fire while fitting out on 11 April 2020. Reportedly, the fire was quickly extinguished and caused minimal damage; construction was apparently not slowed. On 23 April 2021, the ship was commissioned into the South Sea Fleet.

In late January 2023, the PLAN far sea joint training formation, consisting of the amphibious assault ship Hainan, the Type 052D destroyer Hohhot, the guided missile frigate Liuzhou and the fast combat support ship Chaganhu, set sail from Zhanjiang, Guangdong to conduct an extended ("far sea") training cruise in the South China Sea, the Western Pacific and other waters. The cruise lasted a total of 30 days and covered more than 9,000 nautical miles. This was the first time that Hainan was reported publicly as conducting a "far sea" training cruise.

On 21 November 2024, Hainan started a five-day visit in Hong Kong along with the Chinese destroyer Changsha (173). On the 25th, two men were arrested for flying drones near the navy ship.

References 

2019 ships
Amphibious warfare vessels of the People's Liberation Army Navy
Ships built in China
DR Class V 60. The DR Class V 60 was a class of 0-8-0 diesel-hydraulic locomotives of the Deutsche Reichsbahn intended for medium to heavy shunting service.

In addition to being used by the DR, the locomotives were also found in service on various works and mine railways. About 25 per cent were exported to Comecon countries, and the so-called Non-Socialist Economic Area (Nichtsozialistisches Wirtschaftsgebiet, NSW). For example, the Egyptian State Railways, the Bulgarian State Railways (BDŽ) and Algerian National Railways (SNTF) all received this type of locomotives.

Prototypes 
Based on the requirements, LKM Babelsberg built a four-axle prototype locomotive with an asymmetrically arranged driver's cab and drive via a jackshaft and coupling rods. A turbocharged eight-cylinder 8 KVD 21 A engine from VEB Motorenwerk Johannisthal was used. The testing of the prototype V 60 1001 began on 5 February 1959. In September 1959, the second prototype V 60 1002 followed.

With 2,256 units, the design in one of the most frequently built European standard gauge locomotives. 188 locomotives were built by LKM in Babelsberg, the remainder by LEW in Hennigsdorf.

Class 347 

In 1986, the last major transport project in East Germany was the new Mukran Ferry Port in Sassnitz. The port was primarily used to provide a trouble-free connection between East Germany and the former Soviet Union. In 1989, five train ferries ran in regular service between Mukran and Klaipėda in Lithuania. Since the Soviet railways have a wider gauge of , the  ferries and  port facilities were built with  of standard gauge and  of broad gauge tracks.

Livery 
In the first series, the original paintwork was red with white stripes; later, the DR painted all shunting locomotives yellow. When this the paint got a bit older and dirtier, the then golden-brown paint was reminiscent of a grilled chicken. There, locomotives in this colour were given the nickname Goldbroiler.

References

External links 

 Triebfahrzeug-Lexikon auf DB-Loks.de
 Die V 60D-Familie in aller Welt

 

Diesel–hydraulic locomotives of Germany
V 060
Railway locomotives introduced in 1959
Standard gauge locomotives of Germany
LEW locomotives
LKM locomotives
Shunting locomotives
Xi'an–Pingliang railway. The Xi'an–Pingliang Railway is a railway line in China connecting Xi'an in Shaanxi and Pingliang in Gansu, China. The line is 266 km long and has 22 stations.

The railway was a key railway construction project under the 11th Five-Year Plan, with a total investment of RMB 7.798 billion, invested by the Ministry of Railways, Shaanxi Province, Gansu Province and relevant enterprises, and the Xiping Railway Company Ltd. was responsible for the construction of the project. The railway started construction on 20 November 2008, and was opened to traffic on 25 December 2013.

The opening of the railway connected Qingyang to the railway network for the first time.

The railway is a National Grade I single-line electrified railway, of which the Haodian to Taiyu section was built as a double track line, and the rest of is reserved for double line construction in the future. The line has a design speed of 120 km/h and a transport capacity of 30 million tons of freight per year and 1.6 million passengers per year in one direction.

The line has a total of seven strategic loading points, and fourteen special coal branch lines to connect the line, greatly improving the coal mining outbound capacity along the route, and effectively relieving the pressure on National Highways and road transport, allowing for coal resources to central, eastern and southern China to make use of reliable rail transport. With completion of the line, all current thirteen major coal mining areas in the country were connected by rail.

On the other hand, the construction of the railway has also caused serious damage to the ruins of the ancient city of Jingzhou, a provincial-level cultural heritage site in Jingchuan County, which has been repeatedly opposed by the local heritage conservation authorities and the public, but to no avail.

Incident 
On 25 April 2016 at around 12:30 p.m., passenger train K8232 was in transit from Binxian to Xi'an when 41 passengers on the train inhaled coal dust and suffered sudden breathing difficulties, nausea and vomiting. The coal dust from the preceding cargo train had intruded into the carriage, and the Xi'an Railway Bureau then took the train to stop at the nearest station, Yongshou Station Passengers who wanted were sent to the hospital for treatment, while other passengers were safely transported to their destinations by means of buses. The carriage in question was replaced with a air-conditioned coach after the incident.

References 

Rail transport in Gansu
Rail transport in Shaanxi
Railway lines in China
Košava 2. The Košava 2 () is a surface-to-surface missile designed by Military Technical Institute Belgrade publicly presented in 2021. It has a range of about , with solid propellant. The Košava 2 can be fired from multiple rocket launcher, Oganj LRSVM M18. Košava 2 launch container is similar to ALAS missile containers.

Origin
Košava 2 is further development of Košava rocket bomb launcher developed in 1990's. which used aerial bombs like FAB-100 FAB-250 and FAB-500 that where modified with use of rocket motor to attack ground targets. Two different platforms where developed one based on TAM 150 truck and one based on FAP 2026 truck.

Description
Košava 2 is based on HAB-250 aerial bomb 250kg. In order to increase easy of use Košava 2 is launched from container thus enabling easy refiling of launcher. Accuracy is increased with inertial guidance and TV/IR homing head. After launching wings spread and missiles fly to attitude with rocket engine. After it has reached minimum range and appropriate attitude depending on target range continues flight towards target using lift generated by wings. As it approaches towards target area in its later phase of flight is guided weapon via data-link using TV/IR head for terminal guidance. Using data-link operator can choose and lock on any designated target via TGM and point missile in wished direction. Target can be a heavy fortification, command post or command vehicle, tank, ship, section of bridge or something else that 105kg explosive can damage or destroy. It is on weapons officer to decide target based on orders, battlefield condition, possibilities of system he uses, importance and value of target.

References

Military Technical Institute Belgrade
Surface-to-surface missiles of Serbia
Engineering Industrial Workers' Union. The Engineering Industrial Workers' Union (EIWU) was a trade union representing engineering workers in South Africa.

The Iron and Steel and Metal Workers' Union became the No 5 branch of the Amalgamated Engineering Union of South Africa (AEU) in 1947.  However, the expelled its non-white members in 1957.  They joined the now-independent No 5 branch en masse, and in 1961 this founded the Engineering Industrial Workers' Union.  It affiliated to the Trade Union Council of South Africa (TUCSA), and grew rapidly: from 430 members in 1962, to 11,849 in 1980.

The union resigned from TUCSA in 1985, in protest at its focus on white workers.  It renamed itself as the Engineering, Industrial and Mining Workers' Union.  On 1 August 1995, it merged with the AEU, the Iron Moulders' Society of South Africa, and the South African Boilermakers' Society, to form the National Employees' Trade Union.

References

Engineering trade unions
Trade unions established in 1961
Trade unions disestablished in 1995
Trade unions in South Africa
Brandon Bell (recording engineer). Brandon Bell is a Grammy Award winning record engineer, mix engineer and producer based in Nashville. His credits include Alan Jackson, Sarah Jarosz, Joni Mitchell, Steep Canyon Rangers, Zac Brown Band, The Highwomen, Foo Fighters, Tanya Tucker, Parker McCollum, Brandi Carlile, Earl Scruggs, Reba McEntire, Alison Krauss and Union Station, Dierks Bentley, Miranda Lambert, Allison Russell, and Blackberry Smoke.

Bell graduated from Middle Tennessee State University in 2004. In 2014, he was hired as the studio director and chief engineer at Southern Ground Nashville, owned by recording artist, Zac Brown from the Zac Brown Band.

He has been featured as a special guest on music industry podcasts: Recording Studio Rock Stars and Surviving The Music Industry with Brandon Harrington.

Bell is a member of The Recording Academy and sits on the committee of the Audio Engineering Society.

Education 
Bell graduated from high school at Heber Springs High School in Heber Springs, Arkansas; he earned a Bachelor of Science Recording Industry degree at Middle Tennessee State University. MTSU honored Bell in 2023 for his achievements in the recording industry.

Selected discography

Awards 
Bell has received two nominations for Grammy Award for Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical with Gary Paczosa. The first in 2006 for Alan Jackson's Like Red on a Rose (which is also Gold Certified by RIAA) and the second in 2011 for Sarah Jarosz's Follow Me Down.

He won the Grammy Award for Best Bluegrass Album in 2013 for his work on Steep Canyon Rangers’ album Nobody Knows You.

He engineered Brandi Carlile's lead single Right on Time, from the Album In These Silent Days. The single received Grammy nominations for Record of the Year, Song of the Year, and Best Pop Solo Performance in 2022.

Bell was nominated for Audio Engineer of The Year for the 2022 ACM Awards. He also engineered The Marfa Tapes which was nominated for Best Country Album at the 64th Annual Grammy Awards.

In 2023, Bell won the Grammy Award for Best Americana Album for his work as an engineer on Brandi Carlile's album In These Silent Days. The album also received the Grammy nomination for Album of the Year. Carlile's single "Broken Horses" won Best Rock Performance and Best Rock Song at the 65th Annual Grammy Awards. "You and Me on the Rock" was nominated for Record of the Year, Best Americana Performance, and Best American Roots Song.

In 2024, Bell won a Grammy Award for Best Folk Album for his work on Joni Mitchell's album At Newport. Allison Rusell's album The Returner and Brandy Clark's album Brandy Clark were each nominated for Best Americana Album. He contributed additional engineering to Billy Strings' album Me/And/Dad, which was nominated for Best Bluegrass Album.

References 

American audio engineers
Grammy Award winners
People from Heber Springs, Arkansas
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people