omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Sutton Coldfield power station. Sutton Coldfield power station supplied electricity to the town of Sutton Coldfield, Birmingham (then part of Warwickshire) from 1901 to 1959. The electricity generating station was owned and operated by Sutton Coldfield Corporation prior to the nationalisation of the British electricity industry in 1948. It was closed in 1959 when it had a generating capacity of 1.0 MW.

History
In 1899 Sutton Coldfield Corporation applied for a Provisional Order under the Electric Lighting Acts to generate and supply electricity to the town. This was granted by the Board of Trade and was confirmed by Parliament through the Electric Lighting Orders Confirmation (No. 1) Act 1899 (62 & 63 Vict. c. xxxiv). The Corporation bought for £650 the old gas works site, at the intersection of Coleshill Road and Riland Road, Sutton Coldfield (52°33'46"N 1°48'58"W), and built a power station which first supplied electricity to the town in 1901. The initial system had a generating capacity of 350 kW and supplied 12 arc lights and 108 incandescent bulbs and was capable of supplying 10,000 private lamps.

Sutton Coldfield Corporation owned the power station and electricity supply system until nationalisation of the British electricity industry in 1948. Under nationalisation the Sutton Coldfield electricity undertaking was abolished, ownership of the power station was vested in the British Electricity Authority, and subsequently the Central Electricity Authority and the Central Electricity Generating Board (CEGB). At the same time the electricity distribution and sales responsibilities of the Sutton Coldfield electricity undertaking were transferred to the Midlands Electricity Board (MEB).

The power station continued to operate for a decade after nationalisation until it was closed in 1959.

Technical specification
By 1923 the generating plant comprised:

 Coal-fired boilers supplying 24,000 lb/h (3.02 kg/s) of steam to:
 Generators:
 1 × 150 kW reciprocating engines and direct current generator sets
 1 × 275kW reciprocating engine and DC generator sets
 1 × 450 kW reciprocating engine and DC generator set

These machines had a total generating capacity of 875 kW.

Electricity supplies were available to consumers at 480 and 240 Volts DC

Operations
The end use of electricity over the period 1921–23 was:

The operating parameters of the electricity system were:

Revenue from sales of current was £19,610 (1922) and £19,977 (1923). The surplus of revenue over expenses £6,467 (1922) and £9,401 (1923).

In 1946 the station generated 3,277 MWh, an adjacent waste destructor generated 228 MWh. The combined output from both stations was 3451MWh. The maximum load sent out that year was 1071 MW, and the load factor was 39.5 per cent.

The power station building still exists and has been redeveloped with commercial premises.

See also
 Timeline of the UK electricity supply industry
 List of power stations in England

References

Coal-fired power stations in England
Demolished power stations in the United Kingdom
Former power stations in England
Sutton Coldfield
Adityapur Industrial Area. Adityapur Industrial Area  also known as Adityapur Industrial Area City short form AIA or AIA City is an industrial hub and an Industrial, technological, engineering district located at Adityapur, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India.  Adityapur Industrial Area is actually an industrial belt, which lies in Adityapur. It is a Special Economic Zone.

Location 
Located at Adityapur, which is city and a part of the city Jamshedpur.

Infrastructure and Industry 
It is one of the biggest industrial belts not only in Eastern region but the entire India. Prior to Noida it was the biggest industrial belt of the country. The region mainly houses a large number of Small and Medium scale in industry with some Large scale industries as well. The Adityapur Industrial Area Development Authority is the governing body of the region and looks after the development of the industrial region. The region has as over 1000 industrial units as of 2010. The region gives direct employment to around 28000 people. The average annual production of the belt is in excess of Rs. 36 billion at present.

Education 
NIT Jamshedpur 
Rantech ITI College

See also 
 Economy of Jamshedpur
 Economy of Bokaro
 Marafari
 Electronic City
 HITEC City

References 

Industrial parks in India
Economy of Jharkhand
Neighbourhoods in Jamshedpur
Pont Émery-Sicard. The pont Émery-Sicard is a covered bridge in Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Quebec, Canada.

Among the last in Quebec, 34 covered bridges were constructed in Abitibi, and are associated with the colonisation of the region in the early 1900s. Today fewer than half of them are extant.

The single-lane bridge is of Lattice truss bridge design. This design was modified by the Quebec Ministry of Colonisation and was used for more than 500 covered bridges in Quebec. Unlike most bridges of the design, the pont du Petit-Quatre has higher windows and 3 inch trusses rather than the usual 2in.

Built in 1946 to replace an earlier 1934 bridge which had burnt down. It was renovated in 1964 and again in 2010. 

It is listed in the répertoire du patrimoine culturel du Québec.

See also 
 List of covered bridges in Quebec

References 

Buildings and structures in Abitibi-Témiscamingue
Bridges completed in 1946
Covered bridges in Canada
Road bridges in Quebec
Bhairab Kund Khola Hydropower Station. Bhairab Kund Khola Hydropower Station (Nepali:भैरव कुण्ड खोला जलविद्युत आयोजना) is a run-of-river hydro-electric plant located in  Larcha, Sindhupalchok District of Nepal. The flow from Bhairab Kund River, a tributary of Bhote Koshi River, is used to generate 3 MW electricity. The plant is owned and developed by Bhairabkund Hydropower Pvt. Ltd., an IPP of Nepal. The plant started generating electricity from 2071-02-22 BS. The generation licence will expire in 2101-05-18 BS, after which the plant will be handed over to the government. The power station is connected to the national grid and the electricity is sold to Nepal Electricity Authority.

See also

List of power stations in Nepal

References

Hydroelectric power stations in Nepal
Gravity dams
Run-of-the-river power stations
Dams in Nepal
Irrigation in Nepal
Buildings and structures in Sindhupalchowk District
Siuri Khola Hydropower Station. Siuri Khola Hydropower Station (Nepali:सिउरी खोला जलविद्युत आयोजना) is a run-of-river hydro-electric plant located in Lamjung District of Nepal. The flow from Siuri River is used to generate 5 MW electricity. The plant is owned and developed by Nyadi Group Pvt Ltd, an IPP of Nepal. The plant started generating electricity from 2069-06-30 BS. The generation licence will expire in 2101-05-29 BS, after which the plant will be handed over to the government. The power station is connected to the national grid and the electricity is sold to Nepal Electricity Authority.

See also

List of power stations in Nepal

References

Hydroelectric power stations in Nepal
Gravity dams
Run-of-the-river power stations
Dams in Nepal
Irrigation in Nepal
Buildings and structures in Lamjung District
Ankhu Khola-1 Hydropower Station. Ankhu Khola-1 Hydropower Station (Nepali: आखु खोला जलविद्युत आयोजना) is a run-of-river hydro-electric plant located in  Dhading District of Nepal. The flow from Ankhu River, a tributary of Trishuli River, is used to generate 8.4 MW electricity. The plant is owned and developed by Ankhu Jalvidut Co. Pvt. Ltd, an IPP of Nepal. The plant started generating electricity from 2070-05-08 BS. The generation licence will expire in 2101-08-25 BS, after which the plant will be handed over to the government. The power station is connected to the national grid and the electricity is sold to Nepal Electricity Authority.

See also

List of power stations in Nepal

References

Hydroelectric power stations in Nepal
Gravity dams
Run-of-the-river power stations
Dams in Nepal
Irrigation in Nepal
2013 establishments in Nepal
Buildings and structures in Dhading District
DIORIT. Diorit was an experimental nuclear research reactor at the Swiss Federal Institute for Reactor Research (EIR) in Würenlingen (Canton of Aargau, Switzerland)

This nuclear reactor was operated by EIR from 1960 to 1977. Heavy water (D2O) was used as the moderator, as well as the coolant. The initially commissioned reactor had a thermal power of 20 MW. Natural uranium was initially used as fuel, which was later changed to enriched uranium. The  long, aluminium and nickel cased fuel rods were produced by AMF Atomics Canada Ltd.

Military background 
Heavy water (deuterium) has a particularly good neutron economy, which in turn makes for good production of high-quality weapons-grade plutonium. However, Diorit was only ever used for civil research purposes and weapons-grade plutonium was never extracted from it. This didn't stop the Swiss Army from thinking of itself as an emerging nuclear power during the Cold War, as historian Jürg Stüssi-Lauterburg found in a study about previously-classified meeting notes. The army's aspirations for nuclear armament during some phases of the Cold War were at least somewhat public. For example, a major from Solothurn wrote the following in an anniversary publication, in 1957: "... military considerations therefore compel the procurement of nuclear weapons, even for a state whose army limits itself to defence only."

1967 incident 
In 1967 the reactor produced a partially melted fuel rod, which contaminated the reactor hall. Considerably raised levels of radioactivity were also measured in the River Aare. Subsequently, the complete primary heavy water cooling system had to be decontaminated by chemical milling.

Conversion to Diorit II 
Following the Incident of 1967, the decision was made to swap out the reactor vessel. The conversion also served to transition from natural uranium fuel to enriched uranium oxide. Some workers were exposed to raised radiation levels during construction. Single doses were up to 1020 mrem, while the highest accumulated dose was 2600 mrem (26 mSv).

Decommissioning 

Operation of Diorit ceased in 1977. First plans for dismantling were made in the early 80s, while the actual decision was made in 1994. During decommissioning of the reactor the following amounts of radioactive waste accrued: 250 t steel, 120 t concrete, 5.4 t aluminium and alloys, as well as 45 t graphite.

The burnt out fuel rods were stored in a CASTOR 1c Diorit dry cask storage container until they were transported to the central interim storage site (ZZL) of Zwilag.

See also 

 Nuclear power in Switzerland
 List of civilian nuclear accidents

References 

Former nuclear research institutes
Nuclear accidents and incidents
Radioactively contaminated areas
1957 establishments in Switzerland
1977 disestablishments in Switzerland
Former nuclear power stations in Switzerland
Charles F. Willard. Charles Foster Willard (October 13, 1883 – February 1, 1977) was an American aviator and engineer, who became known as the first barnstormer with his trick flights. Willard was the first person taught to fly by Glenn Curtiss in 1909 and was the 10th person to receive an official pilot's licence. Willard made a number of aviation 'firsts'. 

In 1910, Willard made the first ever flight over downtown Los Angeles.  
He was the first person to fly three passengers in the United States. 
Willard has the unfortunate record of being the first person to have his airplane shot out of the sky by a bullet — that of an annoyed farmer who hit his propeller with a squirrel gun.

At the Harvard-Boston Aero Meet of 1910 Charles Willard took Miss Eleanor Ladd of Boston on a flight.  She worked for a Boston newspaper, and was reportedly the first newspaper woman in America to fly in an airplane. 

During the Airshow Willard also took along Army Lieutenant Jacob E. Finkel, a rifle sharpshooter up in his Curtiss biplane.  As Willard circled the airfield, Finkel fired shots from the airplane at targets on the ground, hitting them more often than not.  The “experiment” was considered “highly satisfactory”.

With aviation pioneer Stanley Yale Beach, they've built the Beach-Willard Monoplane, from which they received patents, having invented the connection of planes or wings to a triangular body, enforceable in France, England and the United States.

On July 1, 1912, Willard's father, William A. Willard, was pilot Harriet Quimby's passenger when both died in a crash.

Gallery

References

External links

 Charles Forster Willard 1883-1977 [sic], EarlyAviators.com
 Charles Foster Willard flying a Curtiss aircraft at the Harvard-Boston Aero Meet, September, 1910, Wright State University
 Charles Foster Willard, Museum of Flight

1883 births
1977 deaths
Aviators from Massachusetts
Aviation history of the United States
Barnstormers
People from Boston
People from Melrose, Massachusetts
People from Hull, Massachusetts
List of power stations in North Dakota. This is a list of electricity-generating power stations in the U.S. state of North Dakota, sorted by type and name. In 2022, North Dakota had a total summer capacity of 9,409 MW through all of its power plants, and a net generation of 44,400 GWh. In 2023, the electrical energy generation mix was 55.3% coal, 36.1% wind, 4.9% natural gas, and 3.6% hydroelectric. Petroleum liquids and other gases generated most of the remaining 0.2%.

North Dakota contains the world's largest known deposit of lignite coal, and hosted 4% of U.S. coal extraction in year 2019. It ranked second behind the state of Texas in U.S. crude oil extraction. Natural gas extraction has been growing as well, and exceeded 1 trillion cubic feet for the first time.

North Dakota oil extraction included the flaring of over 200 billion cubic feet of associated petroleum gas in year 2019.  Operations were widely distributed throughout the Bakken Formation which underlays the northwest region of the state. This record-high volume of wasted natural gas could have generated over 30,000 GWh of electrical energy, an amount equal to three-quarters of the state's total generation.

Nuclear power stations 
North Dakota had no utility-scale plants that used fissile material as a fuel in 2019.

Fossil-fuel power stations 
Data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration serves as a general reference.

Coal and lignite
A useful map of active and retiring coal generation plants is provided by the Sierra Club.

Natural gas and petroleum

Renewable power stations 
Data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration serves as a general reference.

Hydroelectric

Wind

Also see wind industry of North Dakota map.

Solar

There are currently no operating utility-scale solar farms in North Dakota.  National Grid Renewables, formerly known as Geronimo Energy, has been developing several potential projects within the state,  including the 200 MW Harmony Solar Project in Cass County and the 128 MW Wild Spring Solar Project in Pennington County.

References

Lists of buildings and structures in North Dakota
 
North Dakota
Luch Korsar. The Luch Korsar (, ) is a medium-weight Russian unmanned aerial vehicle developed by OKB Luch, member of Ruselectronics owned by Rostec, to perform reconnaissance, strike and electronic attack missions on behalf of the Russian Ground Forces and Navy. The program started in 2009 and the flight testing commenced in 2015. It is considered as an improved analogue of the US-made RQ-7 Shadow UAV.

Development
OKB Luch began working on the Korsar project in 2009 and commenced flight testing in 2015. It was unveiled for the first time at the 2018 Moscow Victory Day Parade on May 9.

At first, the Korsar was considered to be a medium-weight UAV for tactical applications with no mention of its ability to perform kinetic strikes. According to Rostec in May 2018, Korsar serial production is being set up. In the future, this system may come with improved air vehicles whose operational range would be increased from 120 to 160 km (65 to 86 nautical miles) currently to 250 km (135 nmi). They will carry mission equipment with enhanced functionality in air reconnaissance and electronic warfare and reconnaissance.

In May 2020, Rostec said the Korsar would be upgraded to increase its radius of operation and outfit it with electronic warfare systems. As of December 2020, Korsar was undergoing test flights and operational evaluation.

According to Russian Deputy Minister Gen. Yuri Borisov, responsible for weapons procurement, the Russian Minister of Defence will be procuring a large quantities of Korsar.

Design

The Korsar features a twin-boom design with V-tail empennage and a single 50-to-70 hp piston engine driving a twin-blade pushing propeller, similar in design to the US RQ-7 Shadow and the Turkish Bayraktar TB2.

Operational history
Russian sources argue that the Korsar has already been tested in Syria, targeting rebels, various types of armored vehicles and infrastructural objects. It is said that its excellent performance has "persuaded the military to integrate it in the Russian armed forces".

One was reported lost in Ukraine on 9 November 2022 according to photos from social media. TASS reported in March 2023 that Corsar is being used in the "SMO" in Ukraine. This is evidenced by footage demonstrated at a meeting of the board of the Russian Ministry of Defense.

Variants
Korsar
Serial variant.
Korsar-M
Seaborne variant for the Russian Navy.

Specifications

See also

References

Unmanned military aircraft of Russia
Aircraft first flown in 2019
2010s Russian military aircraft
CINTRA (research laboratory). CINTRA UMI 3288 is a joint research laboratory between CNRS, Nanyang Technological University Singapore and Thales Group. Based on the NTU campus, CINTRA was established in 2009.

Research Activities
CINTRA develops research activities on Nano-electronics and Nano-photonics technologies, with objective to harness the latest in science and technology to develop innovation in these fields. CINTRA is organized in 3 research thrusts:

i) Carbon based materials and devices,

ii) New nanomaterials and structures,

iii) Nanophotonic Technologies.

The applications are related to 3D integration, advanced interconnects, electromagnetic shielding, high frequency applications, thermal management, sensors, energy harvesting and storage, optical communications and optoelectronic devices. Some works are even related with defense applications.

Affiliated Members
As of today, 64 people are affiliated to CINTRA, with a full time equivalent of 43. Through CINTRA, over 50 PhD students and more than 60 student internships have been trained.

Publications
Since its creation CINTRA has produced over 740 publications (as at April 2020) and it is the main contributor for the scientific publications between CNRS and Singapore. In 2020, CINTRA was one of the institutes between CNRS and Singapore which had quite high Nature Index.

Research and Education Networks
Over the years, CINTRA has developed a network of academic collaborations in France with CNRS/University laboratories, and has helped to promote exchanges between France and Singapore researchers: over 80 researchers or students from France and Europe have worked at CINTRA (20 PhD students and over 50 interns among the total PhD and interns trained).

References

External links
  

French National Centre for Scientific Research
National Technological University
Research institutes in Singapore
Kate Stone (engineer). Kate Stone is an English engineer and founder and CEO of the company Novalia which has developed products using "Interactive Printed Media".

Education
Stone has a degree in electronics from University of Salford, and a PhD in physics from University of Cambridge with the Cavendish Laboratory.

Career
Stone founded the company Novalia in 2006. The company has developed the use of ordinary printing presses to produce interactive electronics, with touch-sensitive inks and printed circuits. She has termed these products "Interactive Printed Media" (IPM). The company has worked on advertising campaigns for Bud Light, The Hershey Company, IKEA, Pizza Hut, and McDonald's.  She has presented her vision of interactive print at many global forums and conferences, including "DJ decks made of...paper" at TED2013 and "The press trampled on my privacy. Here's how I took back my story" at TED2018, Observer Ideas and Creative Science Sessions. Stone's work on interactive electronics was featured on a television documentary for Sky Arts. She has also contributed to NASA's Space Apps Data Bootcamp in 2016.

She is a member of the Editors Code of Practice committee.

Personal life
Stone was born in Cheshire, England, United Kingdom, but now lives in Woodstock, New York, United States. She is transgender, and transitioned in 2007.

References

External links
Stone on the My Mission Is... podcast

Living people
People from Cheshire
British women engineers
21st-century British women engineers
Year of birth missing (living people)
English LGBTQ scientists
21st-century English scientists
LGBTQ physicists
KD Kasturi. KD Kasturi is the lead ship of  of the Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN). She was acquired in the 1980s and served under 22nd Corvette Squadron of RMN and based in Lumut Perak. Kasturi is based on HDW's FS 1500 design.

Construction and career 
In 2009, Kasturi underwent an extensive modernisation known as Service Life Extension Program (SLEP) to enabling her to be employed for another 10 to 15 years. The SLEP program comprised extensive upgrade to the ship to aimed at both extending their service life and improving combat capabilities. The TACTICOS Combat Management System from Thales replaced the older Signaal SEWACO MA command system. The DR3000S Electronic Support Measures suite including the Therma SKWS Decoy Launching System was installed. In addition the DA-08 search radar and the WM22 fire control radar were overhauled and the Thales MIRADOR electro-optical sensor replaced the Signaal LIOD optronic director. For anti-submarine warfare, a DSQS-24C hull-mounted sonar from Atlas Elektronik was installed to complement the new torpedo-launch capabilities.

In 2021, KD Kasturi undergoing refit in Boustead Heavy Industries Corporation.

References

Kasturi-class corvettes
Corvettes of Malaysia
1983 ships
Corvettes of the Cold War
JS Kumano. JS Kumano (FFM-2) is the second ship of the s of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force (JMSDF). She was named after Kumano River and shares her name with a World War II heavy cruiser Kumano and Cold War destroyer escort Kumano.

Development and design 

In 2015, the Japanese defense budget allocated funds to study the construction of a new "compact-type hull destroyer with additional multi-functional capabilities" as well as a new radar system for the destroyer. In the same year Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) unveiled the frigate's first concept model (30FF) which they have been developing with their own funds.

The 30DX design has an overall length of , breadth of , a standard displacement of 3,900 tons with a full load displacement of about 5,500 tons, and a maximum speed of over . Weapons include a Mk 45 gun, two remote weapon stations above the bridge, 16 Mk 41 VLS at the bow, eight anti-ship missiles, one SeaRAM, an SH-60L helicopter, torpedoes and decoy launchers. It can also deploy and recover unmanned underwater vessels, unmanned surface vessels and sea mines from the rear ramp beneath the helideck. It is also expected to use a naval version of the Type 03 Chū-SAM.

Construction and career
Kumano was laid down on 30 October 2019 at Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding, Tamano and launched on 19 November 2020. She will be expected to be commissioned in March 2022.

While fitting out, her enclosed antenna was installed on 16 February 2021.

She began sea trials on 24 August 2021 with likely missions of island defense, homeland patrol, and international tours.

Kumano was commissioned on 22 March 2022 and deployed to Yokosuka Naval Base.

When JS Kumano was completed, it was not equipped with VLS, but the budget for VLS will be appropriated later and VLS will be installed.

Gallery

References

2020 ships
Ships built by Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding
Mogami-class frigates