omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Syma Khalid. Syma Khalid (born 25 December 1977) is a British Scientist who is a Professor of Computational Microbiology in at the University of Oxford. She was awarded the Suffrage Science award for engineering and physical sciences in 2021.

Early life and education
Khalid grew up in Wolverhampton, England. Her parents are from Pakistan and were first-generation immigrants to the United Kingdom. Her father worked as a bus driver and her mother as a seamstress. She eventually studied chemistry at the University of Warwick and graduated in 2000. She stayed at Warwick for her graduate studies, joining the research group of Mark Rodger. Her doctoral research considered molecular simulations DNA. interacting with synthetic helicates. Khalid was a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Oxford, where she worked in the group of Mark Sansom on structure-property relationships of bacterial membrane proteins.

Research and career
Syma graduated with a first class degree in chemistry from the University of Warwick in 2000. She remained at Warwick to read for a PhD under the supervision of Prof. P. Mark Rodger. After obtaining her PhD in 2003, she moved to the University of Oxford as a postdoc in Prof Mark Sansom’s lab, to study the structure-function relationship of bacterial outer membrane proteins. During her postdoctoral work, she became interested in the application of molecular simulation techniques to problems in bionanotechnology. From 2006, she was funded by the Oxford Bionanotechnology IRC to pursue a number of projects in collaboration with experimental groups. In 2007, she was appointed as RCUK fellow in chemical biology at in the school of chemistry at the University of Southampton. In 2010, she was appointed to a full lectureship at Southampton. In 2012 She was promoted to senior lecturer. In 2016 she was promoted to full professor. In 2021 she was appointed as professor of computational microbiology at the department of biochemistry, University of Oxford.
The main theme in her research is the use of computational techniques to explore the structure-function relationships of a range of microbial membranes/cell envelopes, with a particular focus on Gram-negative bacteria. She is particularly interested in developing computational models that closely mimic in vivo systems, in an approach that differs from traditional reductionist approaches often employed within biomolecular simulations.

Syma is the current chair of HECBioSim. She chairs the Technical Advisory Panel of the Artificial Intelligence and Informatics theme of the Rosalind Franklin Institute.

In 2021 she was awarded the Suffrage Science award.

Selected publications

References

Living people
1977 births
Academics of the University of Southampton
Alumni of the University of Warwick
British biophysicists
English people of Pakistani descent
Fellows of St Anne's College, Oxford
People from Wolverhampton
Amalgamated Engineering Union of South Africa. The Amalgamated Engineering Union of South Africa (AEU) was a trade union representing white manufacturing workers in South Africa.

The British Amalgamated Society of Engineers established its first branch in South Africa in 1886, and in 1893 its South Africa branches became a distinct section of the union.  It remained affiliated to its British parent as it became part of the Amalgamated Engineering Union, but while the British union began accepting all workers, regardless of perceived skill level, the South African section remained a craft union of higher-paid workers.

In 1957, the union became independent.  At the time, it was affiliated to the Trade Union Council of South Africa, but it objected when that federation began accepting unions of black workers, and left in 1965.  In 1976, the union formed the South African Central Labour Organisation with the South African Footplate Staff Association, but it proved unsuccessful, and dissolved in 1982.  By 1980, it had a membership of 34,065.

In 1982, the union was expelled from the International Metalworkers' Federation on the request of the Federation of South African Trade Unions, for complying with apartheid.  By 1995, it was down to 20,000 members, on 1 August, it merged with the Engineering, Industrial and Mining Workers' Union, the Iron Moulders' Society of South Africa, and the South African Boilermakers' Society, to form the National Employees' Trade Union.

Presidents
1949: Ray Budd
1974: J. E. Faure
1980s: A. T. Allen

References

Engineering trade unions
Trade unions established in 1893
Trade unions disestablished in 1995
Trade unions in South Africa
1893 establishments in South Africa
1995 disestablishments in South Africa
Elke Arenholz. Elke Arenholz is a German American physicist working in the field magnetic materials and X-ray spectroscopy, where she pioneered the use of superconducting vector magnets to study X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). She is the director of the National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) at Brookhaven National Laboratory.

Education and career 
Arenholz earned her Master of Science from the University of Regensburg. She then received her PhD from the Free University of Berlin, in Germany, where she started using X-rays to study magnetic materials.

In 1996, Arenholz joined the Advanced Light Source (ALS), in Berkeley, California as postdoctoral fellow, before joining the staff in 2000. Her first project there, an eight pole electromagnet providing magnetic fields up to  0.8 T in arbitrary directions relative to the incoming X-ray beam, was the first device installed at a synchrotron that could apply the magnetic field in any direction. In 2011, her team completed a first-of-its-kind superconducting vector magnet, similar to the eight pole magnet but providing up to 5 T in arbitrary directions.

From 2013 to 2019, she was also an adjunct associate professor in the department of materials science and engineering, at the University of California, Berkeley. In 2019, she joined CHESS in Ithaca, NY, as the associate director.

She had the role of director in the Physical Sciences Division of the Department of Energy, where her work covered fields such as chemical physics, materials science, catalysis, and geochemistry.

In June 2024, she was named Director of the National Synchrotron Light Source II at Brookhaven Lab.

In addition to the research she conducts at the ALS, Arenholz is a journal editor for AIP Advances, on the editorial board of the Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (JMMM), and was a program co-chair for the 2013 Joint MMM/Intermag Conference.

Made over 400 publications in her career.

Recognition
Arenholz became a fellow of the American Physical Society in 2014. She was named an IEEE Fellow, in the 2024 class of fellows, "for contributions to X-ray magnetic spectroscopy". In 2005 she was presented with the Klaus Halbach Award for Innovative Instrumentation for the design and implementation of a vector magnetometer for soft X-ray studies. In 2001 she was given the Tim Renner Award for her efforts in the assistance of users in generating high profile research with an elliptically polarizing undulator.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
21st-century American physicists
American women physicists
21st-century German physicists
German women physicists
University of Regensburg alumni
Free University of Berlin alumni
Cornell University staff
Fellows of the American Physical Society
21st-century American women scientists
Fellows of the IEEE
Kitty (terminal emulator). kitty is a free and open-source GPU-accelerated terminal emulator for Linux, macOS, and some BSD distributions. Focused on performance and features, kitty is written in a mix of C and Python programming languages. It provides GPU support. kitty shares its name with another program — KiTTY — a fork of PuTTY for Microsoft Windows.

Features 
Kitty supports supplemental programs called kittens that add features to kitty. Other features include:
 Display images with ImageMagick installed
 Interactive Unicode characters input by name, code, recently used
 Supports true color, text formatting features
 Tiling of multiple windows and tabs
 Single config file
 Hyperlink clicks
 Mouse support (for example in Vim)
 Multiple copy/paste buffers like in Vim
 OpenGL rendering

References 

Free terminal emulators
X Window programs
Free software programmed in Python
Free software programmed in C
Karen Moxon. Karen Anne Moxon is a Professor of Bioengineering at University of California, Davis and a specialist in  brain-machine-interfaces. She is best known for her neural engineering work, and is responsible for the first demonstration of a closed-loop, real-time brain machine interface system in rodent subjects, which was later translated to both non-human primates and humans with neurological disorders. She currently runs the Moxon Neurorobotics Laboratory at the University of California, Davis.

Biography 
She was born and raised on Long Island, and completed her undergraduate education studying Chemical Engineering at the University of Michigan. She completed her graduate studies at the University of Colorado, earning a Master's degree in Systems engineering and a Doctorate of Philosophy in Aerospace engineering in 1991 and 1994, respectively. She then became an Associate Professor at Drexel University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She ultimately rose to the position of Associate Director for Research before leaving to lead research in the Bioengineering Department at University of California, Davis.

At Davis, she assumed a leadership role over a five year international research initiative that was awarded a $36 million grant by DARPA as part of its Bridging the Gap Plus program.

Public profile 
In 2015, she was a speaker at the 7th International IEEE EMBS Symposium on the Future of Brain Machine Interfaces. Her research on cortex-dependent recovery of unassisted hindlimb locomotion in rats was the subject of a 2017 Nature highlight. Moxon was a guest on the Dana Foundation's Cerebrum podcast in 2019. In May 2020, she was a guest on Melinda Garvey's See It to Be It podcast.

Select publications 

 Chapin, John K.; Moxon, Karen A.; Markowitz, Ronald S.; Nicolelis, Miguel A. L. (1999-07). "Real-time control of a robot arm using simultaneously recorded neurons in the motor cortex". Nature Neuroscience. 2 (7): 664–670. doi:10.1038/10223. ISSN 1546-1726. (Cited 1443 times, according to Google Scholar  ) 
 Talwar, Sanjiv K.; Xu, Shaohua; Hawley, Emerson S.; Weiss, Shennan A.; Moxon, Karen A.; Chapin, John K. (2002–05). "Rat navigation guided by remote control". Nature. 417 (6884): 37–38. doi:10.1038/417037a. ISSN 1476-4687. (Cited 461 times, according to Google Scholar.)  
 Priori, A.; Foffani, G.; Pesenti, A.; Tamma, F.; Bianchi, A. M.; Pellegrini, M.; Locatelli, M.; Moxon, K. A.; Villani, R. M. (2004-10-01). "Rhythm-specific pharmacological modulation of subthalamic activity in Parkinson's disease". Experimental Neurology. 189 (2): 369–379. doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.06.001. ISSN 0014-4886. (Cited 469 times, according to Google Scholar.)

See also 
 Neuralink
 Brain–computer interface
 Neuroprosthetics

References

External links 
 Laboratory page

American bioengineers
Women bioengineers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
People from Long Island
University of Michigan alumni
University of Colorado alumni
H2Pro. H2Pro is an Israeli startup company that is developing cheaper hydrogen fuel produced by sustainable energy. The company was co-founded in 2019 by Gideon Grader, Avner Rothschild, Hen Dotan and Talmon Marco. H2Pro has received backing from Microsoft co-founder Bill Gates and from Hong Kong entrepreneur Li Ka-shing. In 2019, Hyundai invested in H2Pro.  More recently ArcelorMittal made a US$5 million investment in H2Pro via its XCarb innovation fund.

Efficiency 
The scientific paper detailing the two-step electrolysis process, on which the company's technology is based, reports an average 98.7% Faradic efficiency–not to be confused with energy conversion efficiency: the electrical energy consumption is 39.9 kWh per kilogram hydrogen, with an additional heat loss of 1.9 kWh per kg hydrogen, not including heat loss to the environment. Out of approximately 33.3 kWh of usable energy per kg hydrogen, this gives the two-step electrolysis process a theoretical maximum energy efficiency of approximately 79.6 percent for storing electrical energy in hydrogen. The energy then needs to be converted back to electricity, which in practice, using fuel cells, results in further energy losses.

References 

2019 establishments in Israel
Sustainable energy
Hydrogen
Saeed Mohammad. Saeed Mohammad ( Standard Persian pronunciation: , born 2 March 1969) is an Iranian politician, Iranian executive director and second brigadier general in the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. He was Advisor to the President of Iran from 2021 to 2022 and former commander of its Khatam-al Anbiya Construction Headquarters who has a PhD in Civil engineering from Tarbiat Modares University.

He was a presidential candidate in 2021 presidential election, but his nomination was rejected by Guardian Council.

Life and career

Saeed Mohammad was born in 1968 in Tehran and spent his childhood and adolescence in this city. He joined the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps in 1987 at the age of 19. In 2009, he received a PhD in Civil Engineering (Road and Transportation) from Tarbiat Modares University. Mohammad's activities in the Revolutionary Guards Corps can be summarized only in the managerial and executive sectors, in the companies under the Khatam al-Anbia Construction Camp, and for a short period in the IRGC Cooperative Foundation. From 2007 to 2014, he was the CEO of Sepasad Group (affiliated to Khatam Camp) and from 2018 to March 2021, he was the Commander of Khatam Al-Anbia Construction Camp and holds the military rank of Brigadier General of the Revolutionary Guards.

See also 

 
 
 

 Khatam-al Anbiya Construction Headquarters

References

1968 births
Living people
Tarbiat Modares University alumni
Academic staff of Imam Hossein University
Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps second brigadier generals
Modular Product Architecture. A Modular Product Architecture is a product design practice, using principles of modularity. In short, a Modular Product Architecture can be defined as a collection of modules with unique functions and strategies, protected by interfaces to deliver an evolving family of market-driven products.

Karl Ulrich, Professor in Mechanical Engineering, defines a Product Architecture as “(1) the arrangement of functional elements; (2) the mapping from functional elements to physical components; (3) the specification of the interfaces among interacting physical components”. A Modular Product Architecture consists of interchangeable building blocks (modules) that can be combined into a variety of product variants.

Assigning strategic intent to each module enables the producing company to connect its business objectives with the design of the product:. This can be done by the use of Module Drivers. The Module Drivers were first defined in 1998 by Gunnar Erixon, PhD in Design Engineering at KTH Royal Institute of Technology, and grouped into Primary and Secondary Module Drivers. The Primary drivers defines the strategy of the module based on its need for development or variance, as follows

 Carry Over: Describes a part that is unlikely to undergo any design changes during the life of the Modular Product Architecture.
 Common Unit: Describes a part that can be used for the entire product assortment or large parts of it. 
 Technical Specification: Describes a part that carries the product's variance and performance properties.
 Styling: Describes visible parts of the product that represent identity towards the customer. These parts are strongly influenced by trends and are often connected to a brand or trademark. 
 Technology Push: Describes a part that is likely to undergo design changes due to changing demands or technology shifts.
 Planned Development: Describes a part that the company intends to further develop, for example to better fulfill a customer value or to cut cost. The planned changes are described in the Modular Product Architecture development plan. 
Using standardized interfaces between the modules enables interchangeability of different variants of modules and ensures that the Modular Product Architecture can be maintained over time. This enables the producing company to continuously update and improve the Modular Product Architecture and respond to changing needs in the market.

Modular Product Architectures can be developed by the use of Modular function deployment.

References 

Modularity
Systems engineering
Product development
Cicely Thompson. Cicely Thompson M.B.E. (9 June 1919 – 3 February 2008) was a nuclear engineer.

Early life 
She was born Jane Cecily Thompson on 9 June 1919 in Great Ouseburn, England, to James Osbert Thompson and Jane Harrision Highmoor. Her father was an architect-surveyor.

Education 
Thompson studied mathematics at Girton College, Cambridge. She took up practical engineering when she joined the Leicester Electricity Service, beginning a career in power station development and design.

Career 

In 1956, Thompson joined the Associated Electrical Industries John Thompson Group (AEIJTG) and was the only woman on the team designing two nuclear power stations for the Central Electricity Authority, including Hinckley Point B and later the Dungeness power station.

In 1958, she joined the Institution of Electrical Engineers and became a Fellow in 1986.

In 1980, she worked as a project engineer at the Nuclear Power Co (Risley). She was awarded an M.B.E. in 1980 for her work in the nuclear industry.

Supporting women in engineering 
Thompson joined the Women's Engineering Society (WES) in 1947. In 1972, Thompson toured Britain delivering the Verena Holmes lectures, designed to encourage more girls to take up engineering as a career.

Between 1977 and 1981 Thompson was a committee member of the Manchester branch of the Women's Engineering Society. She was elected president of WES in 1963 and 1965, succeeding Isabel Hardwich in the role in 1963. Thompson was unable to fulfill the two full years in post due to working in Italy, and was replaced by Dorothy Cridland, but resumed the Presidency in 1965.

She spoke at the first International Conference of Women Engineers and Scientists (ICWES) in New York on a panel which included Australian telecommunications engineer Olwen Wooster and attended the second ICWES conference in Cambridge in 1967, where amongst other things, she was taught how to wear a sari by Indian engineer K. K. Khubchandani alongside fellow WES members and engineers Rose Winslade, Hettie Bussell, and US delegates Louise Davies and Betty Lou Bailey.

In 1989 she published a history of the Women's Engineering Society and in 1990 was awarded the Isabel Hardwich Medal.

She was also elected a member of the American Society of Women Engineers.

Cicely Thompson died on 3 February 2008, and left a legacy to WES.

References 

2008 deaths
1919 births
British nuclear engineers
People from the Borough of Harrogate
Presidents of the Women's Engineering Society
20th-century women engineers
Women's Engineering Society
Alumni of Girton College, Cambridge
20th-century British engineers
20th-century English women engineers
Members of the Society of Women Engineers
Ila Ghose. Ila Ghose (née Majumdar) (24 July 1930 - 11 December 2019) was a mechanical engineer and West Bengal's first woman engineer. She was the first female alumna of the Bengal Engineering College.

Early life and education 
Ila Majumdar was born in the Madaripur village, Faridpur district, East Bengal in 1930. She was one of six sisters and two brothers. Her father, Jatindra Kumar Majumdar, was a deputy magistrate and her mother was a housewife. From a young age her interest in engineering was recognised. The family moved to West Bengal, before moving to Calcutta in 1945. She was admitted to study at the Bengal Engineering College, where there was only one other woman in her cohort. In an interview in The Telegraph (India) in 2008, she said "There was only one other woman in the entire batch. The boys were shocked, but we soon became good friends. We would chat and crack jokes with them and cheer them on at cricket matches. Never did we feel uncomfortable." Her fellow female student dropped out after one year, making her the first woman to graduate from the college. She graduated in 1951.

Career 
For her postgraduate training, she travelled to the United Kingdom to work for Glasgow-based company Barr and Stroud. Once back in India, she worked in an ordnance factory in Dehra Dun, before taking up a lecturer's post at Delhi Polytechnic in 1955. After her marriage, she moved back to Calcutta where she became a lecturer at the Institute of Jute Technology, followed by the principal of the Women's Polytechnic on Gariahat Road. In 1985, she was approached by UNESCO to set up Mahila Polytechnic in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

In 1967, she attended the second International Conference of Women Engineers and Scientists held in Cambridge, United Kingdom.

In an interview with the Global Alumni Association of Bengali Engineering and Science University, Shibpur, she spoke of the gender bias she faced in her career:“Of course, I have faced gender bias all the time in my professional life. I think it will take a long time to change the mindset of the society, and there is no other way to bear it. But it hurts when the cases of selection / promotion comes, how the authorities find flimsy excuses not to offer a woman her rightful place as they feel she is not supposed to boss over men. One had to tolerate this.”

Personal life 
Ila Majumder married in 1959, taking her husband's surname Ghose. The couple had a son in 1960, lost a daughter to stillbirth in 1963 and had a second son in 1967.

References 

20th-century Indian women engineers
1930 births
2019 deaths
People from West Bengal
20th-century Indian engineers
Indian mechanical engineers
Engineers from West Bengal
Miriam Muwanga. Miriam Sebaggala, born Miriam Muwanga (died 10 May 1975) was an electrical engineer from Uganda, who came to prominence as a member of the Women's Engineering Society. After training in England, she returned to Uganda and worked in a variety of roles for the Ugandan Electricity Board, as well as editing the organisation's journal.

Biography 
Whilst little is known about Muwanga's early life, she joined the Women's Engineering Society (WES) in 1965 as a graduate member. She was working at Associated Electronics Industries, which later became Metropolitan Vickers, as a special trainee, whilst studying at John Dalton College of Technology, now Manchester Metropolitan University, for a Higher National Certificate. During her time there she worked on the electrics of suburban trams. Her obituary in The Woman Engineer stated that she chose electrical engineering over nursing as her career due to her "great desire to give herself to help others ... her country and her people". In 1968 she became a member of the Institute of Electrical Engineers. Active in the WES, in 1971 she was a committee member of the WES's London branch. She also worked at the Second International Conference of Women Engineers and Scientists, which was held in Cambridge, as well as at the third conference in Turin.

On her return to Uganda she worked for the Ugandan Electricity Board as an Electricity Design Assistant, then later as a Transmission Engineer and Street Lighting Supervisor. In 1974, she became the editor of the Journal of the Uganda Electricity Board. Whilst Proscovia Margaret Njuki is often described as Uganda's first female electrical engineer, Muwanga was active in the field several years earlier.

Personal life 
Muwanga married in 1968 and her daughter, Kulabata, was born on 1 September 1974.  She died on 10 May 1975 in a car crash in Kampala, Uganda, a crash which hospitalised her baby daughter.

References 

Year of birth unknown
Ugandan women engineers
Ugandan electrical engineers
Women's Engineering Society
1975 deaths
20th-century Ugandan women writers
20th-century Ugandan writers
20th-century women engineers
Alumni of Manchester Metropolitan University