omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Petra Oyston. Petra Claire Farquhar Oyston is a British researcher and Defence Science and Technology Laboratory Fellow. She has developed the UK's engineering and synthetic biology research programme. She was made an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 2025 New Year's Honours.

Early life and education 
Oyston was born in High Wycombe and grew up in Whitley Bay in North East England. Her mother was a teacher and her father was a civil engineer. She studied at the University of Manchester, where she earned an undergraduate and PhD in microbiology. Her doctorate looked at anaerobic bacteria in the gut that can cause sepsis. She moved to the University of Florida as a postdoctoral researcher, where she studied streptococcus mutans, bacteria that give rise to tooth decay.

Research and career 
Oyston has worked at Porton Down in the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory since 1992. She specialises in the area of chemical, biological and radiological research. She is interested in the study of pathogens, the evolution of bacteria and the development of medical strategies to protect public health.

At Porton Down, Oyston developed anti bio-warfare vaccines, including vaccines to prevent bacterial infection and the spread of plague. She has used synthetic biology to develop armour materials. For example, she developed a genetically modified E. coli that could be used to toughen ceramics and showed that it was possible to turn barnacle genes into powerful adhesives. The Porton Down department have responded to international chemical situations, including the 2001 anthrax attacks and the poisoning of Sergei and Yulia Skripal.

Personal life 
Oyston is neurodiverse.

Awards and honours 
 2018 Women In Defence Award for Innovation
 2024 Ministry of Defence CSA Commendations
 2025 Elected to the Order of the British Empire

Selected publications

References 

Living people
People from High Wycombe
Alumni of the University of Manchester
Magdalena Salazar Palma. Magdalena Salazar Palma (born 1949) is a Spanish electrical engineer focusing on the computational modeling of wireless communications and antennas. She is a professor emeritus in the Department of Signal Theory and Communications at Charles III University of Madrid.

Education and career
Salazar was born on 15 June 1949 in Granada, the granddaughter of a telecommunications engineer. She earned a telecommunication engineering degree from the Technical University of Madrid in 1975. and completed a Ph.D. in electrical and electronic engineering there in 1995.

She became an assistant professor at the Technical University of Madrid in 1972. After completing her Ph.D., she was promoted to associate professor in 1996. She moved to Charles III University of Madrid in 2004, at first as an associate professor and then in 2005 as a full professor. She became an emeritus professor in 2020.

She was president of IEEE Spain from 1997 to 2001, chair of IEEE Women in Engineering for 2004–2005, and president of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society for 2011.

Recognition
Salazar was elected to the 2014 class of IEEE Fellows "for contributions to the application of numerical techniques to electromagnetic modeling". She has an honorary doctorate from Aalto University in Finland, awarded in 2016.

References

External links
Home page

1949 births
Living people
Spanish electrical engineers
Spanish women engineers
Women electrical engineers
Technical University of Madrid alumni
Academic staff of the Technical University of Madrid
Academic staff of the Charles III University of Madrid
Fellows of the IEEE
Obstacle departure procedure. Obstacle departure procedure (ODP) is a type of departure procedure that provides obstruction clearance via the least onerous route from an airport to an appropriate en-route structure. Pilots can fly ODPs without prior clearance  unless assigned a standard instrument departure or radar vectored by air traffic controllers.

Print 
ODPs may be designed using either conventional or area navigation (RNAV) criteria. ODPS can be either graphical or textual; graphical ODPs always note "(OBSTACLE)" in the title.

Development 
When an airport is being analyzed for designing an instrument approach procedure, an obstacle departure procedure assessment is conducted first. Pass the departure end of the runway, Surveyors establish an obstacle clearance surface (OCS), which is an imaginary surface that rises at a 40:1 ratio under standard conditions, or 152ft per nautical miles. The OCS can rise more steeply if terrain or other obstacles are present. Pass the departure end of the runway at 35ft above ground, if an aircraft can maintain 48ft per nautical mile clearance above the OCS, or maintain a climb rate of  200ft per nautical mile for standard 40:1 ratio OCS, no ODP will be established. Otherwise, an ODP is included with the instrument procedure.

Commonly, ODPs are developed under the assumption that the aircraft will:
 Cross the departure end at least 35 feet above runway departure end elevation;
 Climb to 400 feet above runway departure end elevation before turning;
 Maintain climb gradient > 200 ft per nautical mile until reaching minimum IFR altitude.

Unlike Standard Instrument Departures, ODPs are generally developed for smaller airports. It is also assumed that all aircraft engines are in normal operation during the climb, as opposed to being a safeguard for twin engine planes with one engine inoperative.

References 

Aviation publications
Flight planning
YaneuraOu. ) is a free and open source shogi engine. Being one of the first shogi engines to implement an efficiently updatable neural network, it won the 29th annual World Computer Shogi Championship in 2019. It supports the Universal Shogi Interface communication protocol (a dialect of the Universal Chess Interface used by most chess engines), which gives it compatibility with most shogi programs. Lishogi, an open source online shogi server, primarily uses YaneuraOu for its analysis and AI opponent features.

See also 
 elmo (shogi engine), which uses YaneuraOu's search functions
 List of shogi software#Engines

Further reading

 
 
 やねうら王 on Japanese Wikipedia

References

External links 
 Official X account
 Official YouTube channel

Shogi software
Free and open-source software
2014 software
Software using the GNU General Public License
Antares 2. Antares 2 (X-259) was an American solid rocket engine stage and engine built by Hercules/ABL / Thiokol. It was used from the mid-1960s to 1995, in the Scout and Strypi family of rockets, and on the Project FIRE Velocity Packages. It burned solid propellant – the stage was also the engine's fuel chamber - and was used about 96 times.

Details 
Basic details of the X-259 engine:

 Thrust: 
 Gross mass: 
 Unfuelled mass: 
 Specific impulse: 293 s. 
 Specific impulse sea level: 233 s. 
 Burn time: 36 s. 
 Height: 
 Diameter:

Variants 
There were various variants: 

 Antares 2 was used on Scout X-2 1C, B 2A, B-1 F,  D-1 F and D; Strypi Tomahawk, XI and IX;  SPARTA and Athena H
 Antares 2A was used on Scout-X2, X2B, X2M, X3, X3A, X3C, X3M, X4, X4A, X5C, A, A1, B, B1, C, and D1; and Project FIRE;

 Antares 2B was used on Scout-A2, B2, E1 and Scout-F1.

References 

Rocket stages
Solid-fuel rockets
Ammonium pentasulfide. Ammonium pentasulfide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula .

Synthesis
Passing hydrogen sulfide through a suspension of powdered sulfur in a concentrated ammonia solution:

Physical properties
Ammonium sulfide forms yellow crystals, decomposing in water, of monoclinic system, space group P21/c, cell parameters a = 0.5427 nm, b = 1.6226 nm, c = 0.9430 nm, β = 105.31°, Z = 4.

The compound can be stored under the mother liquor without air access. When dry, it decomposes quickly in the air. the compound emits sulfur intensively in water and melts in a sealed ampoule at 95 °C to form a red liquid.

Chemical properties
The compound decomposes when stored in air or slightly heated:

References 

Ammonium compounds
Polysulfides
Nikon Nikkor Z 28-400 mm f/4-8 VR. The Nikon Nikkor Z 28-400 mm  VR is a full-frame superzoom lens with a variable aperture of , manufactured by Nikon for use on Nikon Z-mount mirrorless cameras.

Introduction 
The lens was introduced on March 27, 2024. The lens comes with a bayonet-type, square-shaped lens hood (HB-114).

Features 
 28-400 mm focal length (approximately equivalent field of view of a 42-600 mm lens when used on a DX format camera)
 Autofocus using a stepping motor (STM), focus-by-wire manual focus ring
 21 elements in 15 groups (including 4 ED glass and 3 aspherical lens elements)
 9-blade rounded diaphragm
 Vibration Reduction (VR) optical stabilization
 One customizable control ring at the back (manual focusing by default, aperture, ISO and exposure compensation functions can be assigned to it)
 Switch for locking zoom at its widest focal length

Sample images

See also 
 Nikon Z-mount

References

External links

Official sites
Nikkor Z 28-400 mm f/4-8 VR product page at Nikon USA's Website
Nikkor Z 28-400 mm f/4-8 VR on imaging.nikon.com

Reviews of this lens
Nikon Z 28-400mm f/4-8 VR: The Best All-Purpose Lens I’ve Ever Used - PetaPixel
Nikon Z 28-400mm f/4-8 VR lens review - Christopher Frost
Nikon Z 28-400mm f/4-8 VR Review - Photography Life

Nikon Z-mount lenses
Camera lenses introduced in 2024
International Standard University. International Standard University is a private university in Mohakhali, Dhaka. This university was established in 2018.

History
In 2018, this university got approved by the UGC under private university act 2010. The following year this university started it's operation at Civil engineering Building in Mohakhali.

In 2019, the university was red-flagged by the UGC.. However, as of January 2025, the university was in good standing, with three UGC-approved faculties, those for business studies, engineering and technology, and humanities and social science.

See also
 University of Scholars 
 Brac University 
 NSU 
 List of Universities in Bangladesh

References

2018 establishments in Bangladesh
Universities and colleges in Dhaka
Universities and colleges established in 2018
Private universities in Bangladesh
Haneef Fatmi. Haneef Akhtar Fatmi (1933-1995) was an Indian engineer specializing in cybernetics. He was born in Bhopal State and took a degree in Electrical Engineering at Karachi University (1951). While studying with Dennis Gabor and Abdus Salam at Imperial College he wrote his doctorate on ionized gases. Whilst at the London University, he helped found the Cybernetics Society.

In 1970 Fatmi, with Young, published a definition of intelligence in the journal Nature, that subject to widespread comments and notability being listed by the Institute of Physics as "one of the 2000 leading quotations of all times". 
That definition is that: "Intelligence is that faculty, of mind, by which order is perceived in a situation previously considered disordered".  (H. A. Fatmi & R. W. Young, "A Definition of Intelligence", Nature 228, 97 (1970)) This definition is addressed directly in the Oxford Companion to the Mind.

Selected publications
 Gabor, D. and Fatmi, H.A., "A thermionic generator," Nature, London, 1961, 868.
 Gabor, D. and Fatmi, H.A., "The theory of gas discharges with extraneous ion supply," Advanced Energy Conversion, IEE, London, 1964, 307. 
 Fatmi, H.A. and Young, R.W., "A definition of intelligence," Nature, London, 1970, 97.
 Fatmi, H.A., "The concept of a creative society," Electronics and power, IEE London, 1974
 Fatmi, H.A., Resconi, G. A new computing principle. Nuov Cim B 101, 239–242 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02828704

References

Cyberneticists
1933 births
1995 deaths
Andotrope. An Andotrope is a device that allows viewing of a two-dimensional video from any direction, without limiting it to a specific perspective as with conventional screens.

Name and idea 
The device is named after its inventor, Mike Ando, with the suffix -trope (Ancient Greek τρόπος, "turning"). The idea came to Ando from Gehn’s Holographic Imager in the computer game Riven – The Sequel to Myst. The Andotrope is a replica of this device, but differs from a technical perspective in that the image is not a three-dimensional hologram.

Functionality 
According to Ando, the device updates "a 150-year-old children’s toy into the 21st century.” The functionality of an Andotrope is similar to a Zoetrope, but differs technically on several key points.

The device is built from a cylindrical housing containing at least one fixed screen. The cylinder has a slot for each screen that allows it to be viewed from outside. When at least two screens are used, the content must be synchronized to show the same image at the same time. This case is attached to a rotating electric turntable to create the stroboscopic effect of a film projector, whereby a linear sequence of images becomes a fluid video. Ando states that his device can reach 1200 revolutions per minute, and with two screens, can show a video at approximately 40 frames per second.

According to Ando, important requirements for the screens are:
 No flickering
 High brightness
 Strong resistance (due to high rotation speed)

Andotrope in the media 
The invention was met with a generally positive reception. For example, the Australian Diyode Magazine published an interview with Ando covering the device and process of its invention. The German magazine Coolsten also covered the Andotrope. The YouTube channel The Action Lab released a video in November 2024 covering the use of 3D printing and two smartphones in creating its own Andotrope.

References 

Animation_technology
Australian_inventions
Display_technology
National Ready Mixed Concrete Association. The National Ready Mixed Concrete Association (NRMCA) is a nonprofit organization established in 1930 to support the ready mixed concrete industry in the United States.

History 
NRMCA was founded in 1930 and has since evolved into the leading advocate for the ready mixed concrete industry and has expanded its focus to include environmental sustainability, technological innovations and workforce training.

Since 1996, CONEXPO-CON/AGG, the trade show resulting from the merger of CONEXPO and CON/AGG, has been organized by the Association of Equipment Manufacturers (AEM), the National Ready Mixed Concrete Association (NRMCA), and the National Stone, Sand & Gravel Association (NSSGA). The resulting exhibition created the largest construction trade show in North America, showcasing advancements in construction, aggregates and ready mixed concrete industries.

In 2015, the Dubai Central Laboratory of the Dubai Municipality (DCL-DM) partnered with NRMCA to recognize the equivalencies of its concrete plant and truck certification programs, enabling Dubai-based facilities certified by DCL-DM to obtain internationally recognized NRMCA certification without additional audits.

Programs and initiatives 
NRMCA annually recognizes excellence in the industry through various awards and programs. Notable awards include "Excellence in Quality Awards" and "Environmental Excellence Awards."

The "ThinkFirst" safety program aims to reduce workplace injuries, while the "Driver of the Year" program and the "National Mixer Driver Championship" celebrate safety and driving excellence.

NRMCA promotes sustainable practices through its "Build With Strength" coalition, which has partnered with Habitat for Humanity to construct energy-efficient concrete homes using insulated concrete forms (ICFs). The association has also supported advancements in low-carbon concrete technologies and also promotes roller-compacted concrete (RCC) as a durable, sustainable and cost-effective paving solution.

NRMCA played a key role in New York State's "Buy Clean Concrete Guidelines," which established phased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions limits for state-funded projects. NRMCA's benchmarks, developed through extensive data collection since 2014, have guided these initiatives, resulting in a reported 21% reduction in concrete's carbon footprint by 2021.

The association is also expanding Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) development with a $9.63 million EPA grant to train specialists and collect data from additional plants.

References 

Trade associations based in the United States
Organizations based in Alexandria, Virginia
Organizations established in 1930
1930 establishments in Virginia
Concrete
Construction industry of the United States
PARS ALPHA. The Pars ALPHA 8x8, is an infantry fighting vehicle (IFV) designed and manufactured by FNSS.

Design 
The vehicle is equipped with a diesel engine and can reach speeds up to 115 km/s, with an operational range of 800 km. It can carry up to a total of 12 personnel, including the driver, gunner and the commander.

Armament 
The PARS ALPHA 8x8 AFV and its variants can be fitted with various types of manned or remote-control turrets with 35 mm, 90 mm, 105mm and 120 mm weapon systems, 120 mm mortars, air defence systems and anti-tank weapon systems.

The TEBER II 30/40 Remote Controlled Turret (RCT) is designed as the primary weapon system for the PARS ALPHA. The turret includes two anti-tank missiles ready for launch and utilizes an integrated fire control system, enabling target engagement at distances of up to four kilometers. The TEBER II is also equipped with a 30mm Mk44 Bushmaster II dual-feed automatic cannon, which can fire two different types of ammunition, allowing for quick switching between them. The cannon can be easily replaced with a 40mm barrel by changing the recoil spring and forward feeder.

As secondary armament, the turret includes a 7.62mm or 5.56mm caliber coaxial machine gun, which is mounted alongside the main cannon and used to target ground troops. Additionally, there are two anti-tank guided missiles (ATGM), which are designed to effectively target and destroy armored vehicles like tanks.

The vehicle has 16 smoke grenade dischargers to increase the protection of the crew operating it.

Mobility 
PARS ALPHA 8x8 AFV can be transported with AN-124, C-5 Galaxy, C-17 Globemaster, IL-76 ve A400M.

Variants 
The PARS ALPHA 8×8 is available in 9 different variants. The 9 variants of the PARS ALPHA 8x8 adapt the vehicle for various roles by modifying weapons, turrets, and systems. Changes include different calibers for direct fire, autocannons with manned or remote turrets, mortars for indirect fire, air defense guns or missiles, and specialized configurations for engineering or command operations, ensuring versatility for diverse missions.
 PARS ALPHA 8x8 120mm/105mm/90mm Mobile Gun System
 PARS ALPHA 8x8 30mm or 40mm New Gen AFV with Two Man Turret
 PARS ALPHA 8x8 30mm or 40mm New Gen AFV with Remote Controlled Turret
 PARS ALPHA 8x8 35mm New Gen AFV with Remote Controlled Turret
 PARS ALPHA 8x8 2x120mm Armoured Mortar Vehicle
 PARS ALPHA 8x8 2X35mm Air Defence Gun System
 PARS ALPHA 8x8 Air Defence Missile System
 PARS ALPHA 8x8 Combat Engineering Squad Vehicle
 PARS ALPHA 8x8 Command Control & Fire Support Vehicle

See also

 Stryker
 BTR-90
 BTR-4
 Patria AMV

References

External links

FNSS PARS ALPHA armored fighting vehicle official page

Armoured fighting vehicles of Turkey
Pars
Eight-wheeled vehicles
Military vehicles introduced in the 2000s
Armoured personnel carriers of the post–Cold War period
Infantry fighting vehicles of the post–Cold War period
Armoured fighting vehicles of the post–Cold War period
Linda Milor. Linda Susan Milor is an American electrical engineer specializing in the design, manufacture, testing, and yield of integrated circuits. She is a professor of electrical and computer engineering at Georgia Tech.

Education and career
Milor was a student of electrical engineering at the University of California, Berkeley, both as an undergraduate and as a graduate student. She completed her Ph.D. there in 1992. Her dissertation, on testing circuits with a mix of analog and digital components, was Fault-Driven Analog Testing, and was supervised by Alberto Sangiovanni-Vincentelli.

She became an assistant professor of electrical engineering at the University of Maryland, College Park from 1990 to 1995, but left academia to work in industry, at Advanced Micro Devices from 1995 to 2000, and then briefly as a vice president at eSilicon in 2000. In 2001 she joined Georgia Tech as an associate professor of electrical and computer engineering. She was promoted to full professor in 2012.

Recognition
Milor was named as an IEEE Fellow in 2023, "for contributions to testing of analog circuits and bridging the design-manufacturing gap for integrated circuits (ICs)".

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American electrical engineers
American women engineers
Women electrical engineers
University of California, Berkeley alumni
University of Maryland, College Park faculty
Georgia Tech faculty
Fellows of the IEEE
Littoral Mission Ship Batch 2 (Malaysia). Littoral Mission Ship Batch 2 or LMSB2 is a corvette type warship based on Ada-class corvette which is this acquisition program carried out by Royal Malaysian Navy (RMN) to fulfill the 15 to 5 fleet modernization program. The LMSB2 program is a continuation of the Littoral Mission Ship Batch 1 or LMSB1 program which saw the arrival of Keris-class littoral mission ship into RMN's inventory.

Development 

Under the 15 to 5 program, RMN listed Littoral Mission Ship (LMS) as part of the ship type in fleet modernization. This LMS ship is a small ship of the corvette or offshore patrol vessel that is capable of performing three-dimensional warfare tasks through the weapons module selected to be equipped to the ship.

At the beginning of this procurement program, RMN has chosen the Keris-class ships made in China as the first batch. However, with the limited size and armament of this class of ships, RMN decided to acquire a different ship for the second batch. Among the companies that offer their products are HD Hyundai Heavy Industries with HDC 2000, Fincantieri with FCX, Damen Group with Sigma, Dearsan with C92 and STM with Ada.

In 2024, Malaysia chose Ada-class corvette as a based design for its LMSB2.

Ships of the class

References
Kaisen (circuit ship). Kaisen, or "circuit ship," refers to Japanese cargo ships used for transporting goods either on consignment or to market. These vessels were used regularly in the Inland Sea by the mid-13th century. By the end of the Kamakura period, however, circuit ships were also traveling to and from distant ports.

History

Contemporary records show that Kaisen ships played a significant role in the economic growth of the medieval period. Different types of circuit ships were also crucial to the development of trade in the early modern period, particularly in facilitating the transportation of goods between Osaka and Edo.

Circuit ships took advantage of the new maritime trade routes established in the latter half of the 17th century. It wasn't until the late 19th century, with the introduction of Western technologies like steamships, that the use of circuit ships began to decline.

See also 
 Naniwa Maru
 Kitamaebune
 Atakebune
 Red seal ships
 Takasebune
 Ohama Kagetaka

References

Naval ships of Japan
Merchant ships of Japan