omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Samuel Jasper Loring. Samuel Jasper Loring (1914-1963) was an American aeronautical engineer with Chance Vought and later Hamilton Standard who worked on various aspects of the aeroelastic flutter problem.

Biography
He was born in 1914 to Mabel A. (Cross) and Henry Delano Loring. He graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1936. He was awarded the Wright Brothers Medal in 1941 and the ASME Admiral George W. Melville Medal in 1950. He died in 1963.

References 

1914 births
1963 deaths
American aerospace engineers
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
20th-century American engineers
Crane Payment Innovations. Crane Payment Innovations (formerly Crane Merchandising Systems) is a designer and manufacturer of vending machines. They are a business unit of publicly traded Crane NXT and their manufacturing facility is located in Williston, South Carolina, United States.

History

Establishment
Crane Merchandising Systems was founded in 1926 by B. E. Fry, a St. Louis businessman, as the "National Sales Machine Company." Fry invented a more foolproof vending machine that would only accept coins, unlike older machines, such as the "Smoketeria", a cigarette vending machine, which would accept things such as flat buttons and cardboard discs.

The Great Depression
By 1931, National Sales Machine Company was a well established business, manufacturing a variety of merchandisers for various food products. However, The Great Depression proved too much for the company, and it went under in 1932. Soon thereafter, in the spring of 1933, Fry's son, B. W. Fry, reopened the company as National Vendors, Inc. In 1934, Al Diederich joined B. W. Fry in National Vendors, giving it the administrative strength it would need to grow during the tumultuous 30s and 40s.

World War II - 1960s
During World War II, National Vendors took part in the war effort by producing mortar ammunitions casings. After the war, the company returned to the demand for convenient cigarette, candy and pastry vendors. In 1956, National Vendors was acquired by the Universal Match Company, allowing National Vendors to introduce several new products.  In 1967, National Vendors introduced its first full line of automatic merchandising equipment. CMS was acquired by Crane Corporation in 1985, and became Crane National Vendors.

Present Day
Today, Crane Merchandising Systems designs and manufactures a diverse, yet integrated portfolio of automatic merchandising equipment across multiple verticals, including hot and cold beverage, snack, and food.  It also offers other vending solutions including Media touch screens, cashless processing, payment devices, vending management software, and wireless communication technology.  The company is a segment of Crane NXT (NYSE:CXT). Brad Tedder is the company's president.

In 2017, CMS retired its legacy National, Dixie-Narco, GPL, and Automatic Products brands in favor of the single Crane Merchandising Systems brand for all its products.

References

External links

Vending machine manufacturers
Manufacturing companies established in 1926
1926 establishments in Missouri
American corporate subsidiaries
Prussian S 9. The Prussian S 9 was a class of express steam locomotive with the Prussian state railways, first built in 1908. It had a  (Atlantic) wheel arrangement and a four-cylinder compound engine. It was developed by the firm of Hanomag in Hanover who delivered a total of 99 engines of this class.

There were also some high-speed trials locomotives which were classified as S 9s, but did not belong to this particular class. These included two cab-forward  locomotives Altona 561 and 562.

Although at the time superheated technology was widespread, the state of Prussia still wanted to have saturated steam engines delivered by Hanomag. The locomotives procured as a result had a very powerful boiler and, at 4 m2, the largest grate area of any Prussian steam locomotive. The quantity of steam generated was however more than the high-pressure cylinders could cope with. As a result, the performance of the S 9 was little better than the considerably smaller superheated locomotive, the Prussian S 6. Nevertheless, the S 9 initially formed the backbone of express train services from Berlin to Hanover. Like all German Atlantic  locomotives, the S 9 quickly proved too underpowered for the increasingly heavy trains it had to haul.

Two locomotives (Hannover 903 and 905) were fitted with superheated boilers in 1913 and 1914 and reclassified as S 8s.

After 1919 17 locomotives had to handed over to Belgium and 4 to France.
Only three of them, the two S 8s and a saturated steam engine, were taken over by the Deutsche Reichsbahn as DRG Class 14.0. The two S 8s were given numbers 14 001 and 14 002; the S 9 ("Essen 907") number 14 031. All three were retired by 1926.

The locomotives were equipped with Prussian tenders of classes pr 2'2' T 21.5, pr 2'2' T 30 und pr 2'2' T 31.5.

Belgian engines managed to outlive German engines by several years since they were only written-off in 1948. They were used on fast trains on the lines around Antwerp.

See also
 Prussian state railways
 List of Prussian locomotives and railcars

References

S 09
4-4-2 locomotives
Passenger locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1908
Standard gauge locomotives of Germany
2′B1′ n4v locomotives
Four-cylinder compound steam locomotives
Wind power in Italy. Wind power in Italy, at the end of 2015, consisted of more than 1,847 wind turbines with a total installed capacity of 8,958 megawatts. 
In 2019, Italy generated 20,054 GWh of electricity from wind power, equal to 7.1% of the total electricity generation.

Italy is ranked as the world's tenth producer of wind power as of the end of 2016. 
Prospects for Italian wind energy beyond 2020 were positive, with several projects planned to go live before 2030.

Overview

In 2001, the European Commission issued its Directive on Electricity Production from Renewable Energy Sources. The Directive set a goal for Italy to obtain at least 25% of its electricity from renewables by 2010. 
The 1999 Italian ‘White Book’ targeted to install 2,500 MW of wind power capacity by 2010; Italy exceeded this in 2007. The Italian government targeted 12,000 MW by 2020. Given that Italy's recent growth in wind power capacity has been about 30% annually, in 2008 the target appeared reachable by 2015. Italy introduced a renewable energy quota system in 2002, and uses green certificates to ensure that power producers and importers produce specified percentages of electricity from renewables. Renewable energy under the quota system must come from new or repowered plants which began operating after April 1, 1999. 

The first floating wind turbines were tested in 2007-2008. Blue H Technologies of the Netherlands deployed the world's first floating wind turbine,  off the coast of Apulia in December 2007. The first foundations for the 30 MW Beleolico offshore wind farm were installed near Taranto in January 2022, and inaugurated in April 2022.

Installed capacity growth
The table shows the annual increase in installed wind power capacity in recent years.

Gallery

See also

Energy in Italy
Electricity sector in Italy
Solar power in Italy
Geothermal power in Italy
Hydroelectric power in Italy
Biofuel in Italy
Renewable energy in Italy
European Wind Energy Association
Global Wind Energy Council
Wind power in the European Union
List of wind power stations in Italy

References

External links

Associazione Nazionale Energia del Vento (ANEV), the Italian Wind Energy Association
Il Portale italiano dell'energia del vento The Italian Web portal about wind power

 
Italy
Gisbert Kapp. Gisbert Johann Eduard Kapp (2 September 1852, in Mauer, Vienna – 10 August 1922, in Birmingham) was an Austrian-English electrical engineer.

His parents were an Austrian counselor Gisbert Kapp and Luisa Kapp-Young. After finishing his studies in Austria, Kapp moved to England where he was naturalized in 1881. He was awarded a Telford Medal in 1885/6. In 1904 he was offered the position as the first Chair of Electrical Engineering at the University of Birmingham, a post he held until 1919. In 1909 he was elected the president of the Institution of Electrical Engineers.

Kapp developed the basis for the calculation and construction of alternating current, dynamos and the transformer. The Electronic, Electrical & Systems Engineering Department at the University of Birmingham is situated in a building named after him.

References

1852 births
1922 deaths
British electrical engineers
British people of Austrian descent
People from Liesing
Emigrants from Austria-Hungary to the United Kingdom
Russian Mineralogical Society. The Russian Mineralogical Society (RMS) is a public scientific organization uniting specialists and scientific groups working in the field of mineralogy and adjacent sciences. RMS was founded in 1817 Saint Petersburg, Russia, and is the world oldest mineralogical society among present. From 1869 until nowadays its residence is the Saint Petersburg Mining Institute.

RMS represents the Russian Federation with regard to the science of mineralogy in any international context. RMS is a member and one of the establishers (Madrid, 8 April 1958) of the International Mineralogical Association.

Publications

 Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society, is the print journal of the society, and it has been published continuously since 1830. It publishes scientific articles on mineralogy, petrology, deposits study, crystallography and geochemistry, and also articles on science history, critical and discussional announcements are published in the journal. In the part «Chronicles» information about the results of work of congresses, conferences and symposiums in the field of these sciences is given, and in the part «Bibliography» new monographs, reference books and text-books on mineralogy and adjacent disciplines are discussed.

Special Interest Commissions and Working Groups (WG)

 History,
 Cosmic Mineralogy,
 Crystal Genesis,
 Mineralogy of Gemstone Deposits and Gemology,
 Museums,
 New Minerals and Mineral Names,
 Organic Mineralogy,
 High School Teaching in Mineralogy,
 Crystal Chemistry and X-ray Diffraction of Minerals,
 Ore Mineralogy,
 Mineral Processing,
 Physical Methods of Investigation of Minerals,
 Environmental Mineralogy and Geochemistry,
 Experimental Mineralogy, and
 WG on Modern Mineral-Bearing Processes.

Awards
 Diploma,
 Honorary Certificate,
 Honorary Testimonial,
 Status of an Honorary Member.

Membership
Membership in the society is open to any person interested in mineralogy and related sciences regardless of residence or citizenship.

Annual meeting
The RMS organizes general meetings every 4 years and also annual scientific sessions.

References

External links
Russian Mineralogical Society Official Website
Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society (Zapiski RMO) Official Website

Geophysics societies
Geology societies
Scientific societies based in Russia
Scientific organizations established in 1817
1817 establishments in the Russian Empire
Mears Memorial Bridge. The Mears Memorial Bridge is a truss bridge on the Alaska Railroad, completed in 1923. The bridge spans the Tanana River at Nenana and at , it is among the largest simple truss-type bridges in the world.

History
The bridge's namesake, Colonel Frederick Mears, was chairman and chief engineer of the Alaska Engineering Commission, the railroad's builder and original operator.

The bridge was the final link in the railroad, entering service in February 1923, a year after the rest of the  line was finished. The AEC hired the Chicago firm of Ralph Modjeski and Angier to design the bridge, and the American Bridge Company to fabricate and erect it. When completed, this  Pennsylvania through-truss bridge was the longest truss span in the United States and its territories.

This bridge still ranks as the longest span of any kind in Alaska.  it was then the third-longest simple truss bridge in North America.

President Warren G. Harding, becoming the first president to visit Alaska, traveled to the state to drive the ceremonial last spike at the north end of the bridge on July 15, 1923. It was one of Harding's last public appearances, as he died 18 days later during his ongoing western tour.

See also
 Juneau–Douglas Bridge, next longest span in Alaska

References

External links
 Construction photos by designer Walter Angier
 Recent photos at Bridgehunter.com

1923 establishments in Alaska
Alaska Railroad
Bridges completed in 1923
Bridges in Unorganized Borough, Alaska
Buildings and structures in Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska
Railroad bridges in Alaska
Steel bridges in the United States
Truss bridges in the United States
Pennsylvania truss bridges in the United States
Tanana Athabaskans
Émile Garabiol. Émile Garabiol (1877–1961) was a French engineer.

Early life
Garabiol was born in the small town of Le Grand Lemps in France. He was one of the first to attend the École Nationale ProfessionnelleENP (National Professional School) of Voiron in 1889, a small city 20 miles from Grenoble. He entered the École des Arts et Métiers in 1893, the year in which it was created. Upon his return from military service in 1899, Emile started his professional career as a draftsman. He rapidly moved to a position of greater responsibility with the Société Industrielle des Téléphones, which was very active in the competition for laying out trans-atlantic cables, as well as the Berthon Ader wall telephone, where he became chief engineer. He subsequently left to work for the Rubber Manufacturing Company in Paris, where he became director, and later, a member of the board. Other members included Chautard, Berthelot, Paul Painlevé and Léauté.

Later life
Garabiol led a very busy social life. He taught mechanics and technology at the  directed by Raymond Poincaré. He also taught evening courses at the Union of Electricians and Mechanics. In 1911, he received a Silver Medal from the French Industrial Association, and in 1913, a gold medal from the city of Ghent. He became Academy Officer in 1905, officer of public instruction in 1910, and Chevalier of the Mérite Agricole in 1913. In 1921, he received the Légion d'Honneur as chevalier. The citation read "As teacher, rendered the most distinguished services in technical instruction. During the most critical period of the war, led the manufacturing of airplane wheels, which was crucial for the airforce". His personal research in the engineering aspects of tire manufacturing led, in 1931, to the registration of a patent at the US patent office

In 1924, Garabiol moved to Grenoble. During World War II, he successfully hid from the Gestapo, in his own house in Corenc, from January to November 1943, Aleksander Kawalkowski, head of the P.O.W.N or Polish resistance in France during World War II, former consul of Poland in Lille, who had parachuted into the Vercors region near Grenoble, to help France fight against Germany.

Emile Garabiol died May 15, 1961, in La Tronche.

Awards
Emile Garabiol received numerous honors, both from France and abroad. He was Officer of the Legion d'Honneur, Commander of the Palmes Academiques, Officer of the Merite Civique, and Officer of the Merite Polonais avec Glaives (Polish equivalent of the Legion d'Honneur).

References

1877 births
1961 deaths
Knights of the Legion of Honour
French engineers
Recipients of Étoile Civique
T26. T26 may refer to:

Rail and transit 
 GER Class T26, a steam tender locomotive
 Ritsurin-Kōen-Kitaguchi Station, in Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan
 Shitennōji-mae Yūhigaoka Station, in Tennoji-ku, Osaka, Japan

Ships and boats 
 T26 (trimaran), a sailboat
 
 Type 26 frigate, of the Royal Navy

Weapons and armor 
 T-26, a Soviet tank
 T-26 Garand, an American prototype rifle
 T26 Pershing, an American prototype tank

Other uses 
 Junkers T 26, a German prototype trainer aircraft
 T26 road (Tanzania)
 Slingsby T.26 Kite 2, a British glider
 Talbot Lago Record, an executive car
Barton Power Station. Barton Power Station was a coal-fired power station on the Bridgewater Canal in Trafford Park, near Eccles, Lancashire, England.

History
The construction of the station began in 1920 and operation began in 1923. The station's original equipment consisted of three Metropolitan-Vickers 27.5 MW turbo-alternators, nine Babcock & Wilcox chain-grate stoked boilers, Mather & Platt auxiliary equipment and British Thomson-Houston switchgear. The station supplied electricity to an area of 3,100 square kilometers and was one of the most advanced power stations of the time. Coal was delivered to the station in barges, using the Bridgewater Canal. Steam condensing and cooling was by water abstracted from the canal.

The station was extended twice with Metropolitan-Vickers supplying a 40 MW generating set in 1928, followed by an additional 50 MW set in 1938. 

In 1972 it had one 39 MW operational set and one 51.5 MW set. Thee boilers delivered 770,000 lb/h (97 kg/s) of steam at 350 psi (24.1 bar) and 371/441 °C. In that year the station sent out 72.149 GWh, the load factor was 11.9 per cent and the thermal efficiency was 17.86 per cent.

The station was closed on 18 March 1974 with a reduced generating capacity of 69 MW. At the time the station was co-firing oil. The station was then demolished in 1978 and 1979. The first chimney was demolished in June 1979. A B&Q store now stands on the site of the station.

See also

 Timeline of the UK electricity supply industry
 List of power stations in England
 List of pre-nationalisation UK electric power companies
 National Grid (UK)
 Stuart Street power station

References

External links
 "Reinforced-Concrete Chimney Towers at the Barton Power-Station." By ARNOLD ATHERTON BSc.

Coal-fired power stations in England
Power stations in North West England
Demolished buildings and structures in Greater Manchester
Eccles, Greater Manchester
Spaceflight IC-1. Spaceflight IC-1, also known as Space Spaceflight IC-1: An Adventure in Space, is a 1965 British science-fiction movie directed by Bernard Knowles and starring Bill Williams and Norma West. It was written by Harry Spalding (as Henry Cross). The civilized world is controlled by an all-powerful computerised government which sends colonists into space.

Plot summary
In 2015, spaceship IC-1 (Interstellar Colony #1) travels toward a planet similar to Earth to explore the possibility it could solve the Earth's population problems. The crew comprises Captain Mead Ralston, his wife Jan, Drs. Steven and Helen Thomas, two other married couples, and four people – "animates" – in suspended animation.  One year into the voyage, Helen is found to have a fatal pancreatic infection that can only be cured if the ship returns to Earth, but Ralston refuses to turn back. When he denies her permission to have another child, she commits suicide.

Steven Thomas and some of the other crew members mutiny and imprison Ralston. He escapes and forces the crew to obey him by threatening to destroy the ship. Ignoring the crew's warnings he releases one of the "animates" who kills him before dying of complications from the thawing-out process. The ship goes on under Thomas's leadership.

Cast
 Bill Williams as Capt. Mead Ralston 
 Norma West as Jan Ralston 
 John Cairney as Dr. Steven Thomas 
 Jeremy Longhurst as John Saunders, Chief Engineer 
 Donald Churchill as Carl Wolcott 
 Kathleen Breck as Kate Saunders 
 Margo McLennan as Joyce Wolcott (credited as Margo Mayne)
 Linda Marlowe as Dr. Helen Thomas 
 John Lee as Dr. Garth 
 Andrew Downie as Capt. Burnett (spacestation)
 Mark Lester as Don Saunders 
 Stuart Middleton as Michael Thomas 
 Anthony Honour as Robert Wolcott 
 Tony Doonan as Dr. Griffith 
 Chuck Julian as Webster

Production
The film was shot in England at Shepperton Studios. It was one of several films that Robert L. Lippert made with Jack Parsons in England. Writer Harry Spalding said the film was inspired by space exploration at the time. "There was a lot of talk back then that if people were ever having to go to fly to Mars they'd have to be frozen for the trip and revived when they got there."

Reception 
The Monthly Film Bulletin wrote: "Bold enough to eschew the joys of planet exploration, dinosaurs and cat-women (its entire story unfolds within the cramped confines of a spaceship), Spaceflight IC-1 unfortunately has no alternative to offer except dreary dialogue and indifferent acting. As usual in this sort of affair, much is made of the fact that there have been exhaustive tests to select personnel capable of withstanding the strain of interstellar travel; and as usual, a more unbalanced, hysteria-prone lot would be hard to imagine."

References

External links
 
 

1965 films
British space adventure films
1960s science fiction films
British science fiction films
20th Century Fox films
British black-and-white films
Films about astronauts
Films scored by Elisabeth Lutyens
Films set in the future
Films set in 2015
1960s English-language films
1960s British films
English-language science fiction films
Live File System. Live File System is the term Microsoft uses to describe the packet writing method of creating discs in Windows Vista and later, which allows writeable optical media to act like mass storage by replicating its file operations. Live File System lets users manage files on recordable and rewriteable optical discs inside the file manager with the familiar workflow known from mass storage media such as USB flash drives and external hard disk drives. 

Files can be added incrementally to the media, as well as modified, moved and deleted. These discs use the UDF file system. The supported UDF versions for usage as a live file system are UDF 1.50, UDF 2.00, UDF 2.01, UDF 2.50 for CD-R, CD-RW, DVD±R, DVD±RW and BD-RE, and UDF 2.60 for BD-R. However even if UDF 1.50 and above can be read, only the plain UDF build may be supported and not necessarily either the VAT or Spared UDF builds required for full compatibility. Windows 2000 for example only supports the original UDF 1.50 variation and not the Virtual Allocation Table build for remapped physical blocks; something not all optical drive units fully implement either.

The Live File System option is used by default by AutoPlay when formatting/erasing a CD/DVD -R or -RW.

Compatibility 

Older Windows versions do not have support for reading the latest UDF versions. If users create DVD/CDs in Windows Vista using UDF 2.50, these may not be readable on other systems, including Windows XP and older (pre-Mac OS 10.5) Apple systems unless a third-party UDF reader driver is installed. To ensure compatibility of disks created on Windows Vista, UDF 2.01 or lower should be selected.

Notes

See also 
 InCD – Commonly used for packet writing before natively supported since Windows Vista
 Image Mastering API

References 

Computer storage media
Optical computer storage media
Windows disk file systems