omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Basquin's law. Basquin's law of fatigue states that the lifetime of the system has a power-law dependence on the external load amplitude, , where the exponent  has a strong material dependence. It is useful in expressing S-N relationships.

It is a fundamental principle in materials science that describes the relationship between the stress amplitude experienced by a material and its fatigue life under cyclic loading conditions. The law is named after American scientist O. H. Basquin, who introduced the law in 1910. The law provides a mathematical model to predict the number of cycles to failure (N) based on the applied stress amplitude .

A High Cycle Fatigue Test is used to determine material behaviour under repetitive cyclic loads. This test aims to establish the stress-cycles-to-failure characteristics of materials, primarily utilising an identified stress range and load application frequency. It is usually performed using a standard fatigue testing machine where the test specimen is prepared in a specifically defined manner and then subjected to loads until failure takes place. Throughout the test, computer software is used to record various necessary parameters such as the number of cycles experienced and the exact point of failure. This testing protocol enables the development of an S-N curve (also known as a Wöhler curve), a graphical representation of stress amplitude (S) versus the number of cycles to failure (N). By plotting these curves for different materials, engineers can compare them and make informed decisions on the optimal material selection for specific engineering applications. The S-N relationship can generally be expressed by the Basquin's law of fatigue, which is given by:

,

where  is the stress amplitude,  is the fatigue strength coefficient,  is the number of cycles to failure,  is the fatigue ductility coefficient, and  is the fatigue strength exponent. Both   and  are properties of the material.

Basquin's Law can also be expressed as , where  is the change in stress,  is the number of cycles to failure, and both  and  are constants.

References

External links 
 ADVANCED STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF FATIGUE DATA OBTAINED DURING THE MEASUREMENT OF CONCRETE MIXTURES WITH VARIOUS WATER-CEMENT RATIO
  Fatigue - ETH Zürich

Mathematical modeling
Materials science
Hakima Mendil-Jakani. Hakima Mendil-Jakani is a French physical chemist and engineer specializing in soft condensed matter. In 2007, she won the Young Female Scientist Award of the Irène Joliot-Curie Prize.

Biography 
Mendil-Jakani earned a scientific baccalaureate with honors in 1997, and a university diploma of technology in physical measurements. During her final year internship in a French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) fundamental research laboratory, she decided to expand her training by becoming an engineer. She joined the engineering school of the Institute of Science and Technology at the Pierre-et-Marie-Curie University. She then completed a diploma of advanced studies in chemistry and physical chemistry of polymers at the Higher School of Industrial Physics and Chemistry of the City of Paris (called ESPCI Paris). In 2006, she defended her PhD thesis in physics entitled Identification of elastic terminal behavior in polymer melts, liquid crystal polymers and analysis of the phase transition induced by shear, which she completed under the supervision of Laurence Noirez at the University of Paris-Sud.

Her research was conducted at the Léon Brillouin laboratory at the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commissionin preparation for future work in research or for a position in the pharmaceutical industry.

In 2007, she joined the fundamental research department on condensed matter in the Ionic Polymer group at CEA Grenoble. She is part of the Synthesis, Structure and Properties of Functional Materials (STEP) laboratory of the Nanosciences and Cryogenics Institute (IAC).

She is a researcher affiliated with the Atomic Energy and Alternative Energies Commission, INAC Institute for Nanoscience, and works as a physical chemist of Soft Condensed Matter, including polymers and surfactants and radiation scattering techniques at large-scale facilities.

Distinctions 
 Women's Scientific and Technical Vocation Prize
 2007: Irène-Joliot-Curie Prize in the young female scientist category

References 

Living people
Date of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
21st-century French women scientists
21st-century French scientists
French women chemists
21st-century French chemists
Pierre and Marie Curie University alumni
ESPCI Paris alumni
Cordova Desalination Plant. The Cordova Desalination Plant (CDP) is a desalination facility in Cordova in Cebu province, Philippines. It is the first desalination plant in the Philippines.

History
Isla Mactan Cordova Corporation (IMCC) would be awarded a contract to supply water for the Metropolitan Cebu Water District in June 2021. To fulfill the contract, the construction of a desalination plant in Cordova, Cebu began. Watermatic Philippines, a joint venture of Vivant and Israeli firm WaterMatic International, led the construction.

It is built under a build–operate–transfer scheme under the private-public partnership setup.

On September 7, 2023, the desalination equipment was installed. By that month the whole facility is already 70 percent complete.

The IMCC plant started operations on June 7, 2024, initially producing  of processed water daily., becoming the first desalination plant in the Philippines, where drinking water has only been sourced groundwater and surface water.

Facility
The Cordova Desalination Plant spans the barangays of Buagsong and Catarman, Poblacion of Cordova municipality in Cebu standing on a  property. Using seawater reverse osmosis technology, it has the capacity to produce  of water daily serving residents of Metro Cebu. This can be expanded to .

Management
The Cordova Desalination Plant is operated and managed by the Isla Mactan Cordova Corporation (IMCC; dba as Vivant Water), a subsidy of Vivant Hydrocore Holdings. It supplies water to the Metropolitan Cebu Water District. After 25-years, it is set to be turned over to the Cordova local government.

References

Desalination plants in the Philippines
Buildings and structures in Cebu
Infrastructure completed in 2024
Yoo Sang-im. Yoo Sang-im (; born 10 October 1959) is the fifth Minister of Science and ICT of South Korea. He previously served as a professor of material engineering at Seoul National University. He is known for his expertise in Superconductors and Magnetic materials.

Career 
He received his bachelor's degree from Seoul National University in 1982 and his doctorate in materials engineering from Iowa State University in 1992. He worked as a postdoc at the Ames Research Center from 1992 to 1993, and he also led several academic societies including the Korean Society for Superconductivity and Low Temperature and the Korean Ceramic Society.

Minister of Science and ICT 
On July 17, 2024, South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol appointed Yoo as the new Minister of Science and ICT. After being nominated, he said:
 
He also said he felt a big responsibility to reform the country's research and development system to make it a global leader in cutting-edge technologies.

See also 
Cabinet of Yoon Suk Yeol

References 

Academic staff of Seoul National University
South Korean engineers
Iowa State University alumni
Kyungbock High School alumni
Gangneung Yoo clan
1959 births
Living people
Biss. Biss, BISS, or BiSS may refer to

 Basic Interoperable Scrambling System, satellite signal scrambling system
 BiSS interface, software communications protocol
 Beijing BISS International School
 River Biss
 Biodiversity Information Science and Standards, scientific journal
 Radju Malta 2, Maltese radio station formerly known as Maltin Biss

People 
 Biss (surname)

See also 
 Bisse (disambiguation)
Yonghong Chen. Yonghong Chen is a Chinese-American operations researcher and electrical engineer who works as a chief scientist at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colorado. Her research involves the application of mathematical optimization to market design and operations of electric power transmission.

Education and career
Chen earned a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from Southeast University in Nanjing in 1990, and a master's degree from the Nanjing Automation Research Institute in 1993. After continuing to work at the Nanjing Automation Research Institute from 1993 to 1998, she completed a PhD in electrical engineering at Washington State University in 2001. Her dissertation, Development of automatic slow voltage control for large power systems, was supervised by Mani V. Venkatasubramanian. She also has an Master of Business Administration from the Kelley School of Business at Indiana University Bloomington.

From 2001 to 2002 worked for GridSouth TransCo, a regional power transmission company formed in 2000 by combining assets from three smaller companies in North and South Carolina. GridSouth failed in 2002, and she moved to the Midcontinent Independent System Operator (MISO). After over 20 years at MISO, she moved to her present position at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory.

Recognition
Chen received the Franz Edelman Award of INFORMS in 2011 for her work on optimization in market design at MISO. She was elected as an IEEE Fellow in 2023, "for contributions in wholesale electricity market design and operations".

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American electrical engineers
American women engineers
Chinese electrical engineers
Chinese women engineers
Women electrical engineers
Operations researchers
Southeast University alumni
Washington State University alumni
Kelley School of Business alumni
United States Department of Energy National Laboratories personnel
Fellows of the IEEE
Zongfu Yu. Zongfu Yu is an American physicist and an academic. He is a professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.
 
Yu is most known for his work on nonreciprocal optics, solar cells, and machine learning, with his research published in academic journals such as Science and Nature.

Education
Yu completed his B.S. in Physics from the University of Science and Technology of China in 2004. Later, he earned an M.S. in Management Science and Engineering from Stanford University in 2008 and a PhD in Applied Physics from Stanford University in 2009.

Career
Yu began his academic career as a postdoctoral scholar at Stanford University from 2009 to 2012. In 2013, he joined the department of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Wisconsin – Madison. In 2015, he co-founded Flexcompute  to develop GPU-based physics simulations.

Research
Yu has authored research papers on a range of topics, including optics and photonics, computational electrodynamics, and the application of machine learning in physics simulation. He is a Highly Cited Researcher by Clarivate, ranked in the top 1% by citations for his field(s) and publication year in the Web of Science.

Awards and honors
2017 – Young Faculty Award, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
2018 – CAREER Award, National Science Foundation
2020 – Fellow, The Optical Society
2021 – H.I. Romnes Faculty Fellowship, University of Wisconsin–Madison

Selected articles
Kinkhabwala, A., Yu, Z., Fan, S., Avlasevich, Y., Müllen, K., & Moerner, W. E. (2009). Large single-molecule fluorescence enhancements produced by a bowtie nanoantenna. Nature Photonics, 3(11), 654–657.
Zhu, J., Yu, Z., Burkhard, G. F., Hsu, C. M., Connor, S. T., Xu, Y., ... & Cui, Y. (2009). Optical absorption enhancement in amorphous silicon nanowire and nanocone arrays. Nano Letters, 9(1), 279–282.
Yu, Z., & Fan, S. (2009). Complete optical isolation created by indirect interband photonic transitions. Nature Photonics, 3(2), 91–94.
Fang, K., Yu, Z., & Fan, S. (2012). Realizing effective magnetic field for photons by controlling the phase of dynamic modulation. Nature Photonics, 6(11), 782–787.
Zhou, L., Tan, Y., Ji, D., Zhu, B., Zhang, P., Xu, J., ... & Zhu, J. (2016). Self-assembly of highly efficient, broadband plasmonic absorbers for solar steam generation. Science Advances, 2(4), e1501227.

References

External links
GPU accelerated computational electromagnetics (Tidy3D)
Computational fluid dynamics (Flow360)

American physicists
American academics
University of Science and Technology of China alumni
Stanford University alumni
University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Shi Qirong. Shi Qirong (March 1929 - June 23, 2024, ), a native of Qu County, Sichuan Province, was a political figure and industrial manager in the People's Republic of China.

Biography
In August 1948, Shi Qirong was admitted to the Mining and Metallurgy Department of Chongqing University, and later enrolled in the Iron and Steel Program of the Metallurgy Department.

From August 1952 to October 1973, Shi Qirong served as a technician at the Anshan Iron and Steel Design Institute (), a team leader and engineer in the Iron and Steel Division of the Heavy Industry Bureau of the State Construction Committee, and a deputy chief and engineer in the Iron and Steel Division of the Heavy Industry Bureau of the State Planning Commission. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in July 1953. He was then dispatched to Beijing during the Cultural Revolution in October 1973. Subsequently, he served as deputy director and deputy director of the Handan Iron and Steel Factory in Hebei Province, deputy director of the Heavy Industry Bureau of the State Construction Committee, member of the State Economic Commission, and member of the State Planning Commission. 

He held the positions of vice president and secretary of the CCP committee of CIECC, as well as general manager and CCP committee secretary of China International Engineering Consulting Corporation (CIECC, ) from December 1985 to October 1995. Between December 1985 and October 1995, he served as the General Manager and CCP committee secretary of CIECC, a member of the State Planning Commission, and the General Manager and Secretary of the CCP committee of CIECC. Shi Qirong significantly contributed to the development of Baoshan Iron and Steel Phases II and III. Following the conclusion of Baosteel's Phases II, the Phases III was scheduled; however, the projected investment of $60 billion RMB exceeded the combined costs of the first two phases, consuming nearly all the funding allocated by the Ministry of Metallurgy of China at that time, placing significant pressure on CIECC. Shi Qirong asserted that Baoshan Iron and Steel serves as the cornerstone of Chinese steel and should aspire to be the foremost globally. In 1992, Shi guided the company to secure approval from the State Planning Commission, which ceased to impose restrictions on the investment scale and production capacity previously mandated by the Ministry of Metallurgy. In 1993, Shi presented the feasibility study report for Baosteel Phase III to the State Council, articulating the project's significance, which ultimately received approval.

Shi Qirong also served as a member of the 8th and 9th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He held the positions of vice president and honorary president of the China Investment Association.

He died in Beijing on June 23, 2024, at the age of 95 years.

References 

1929 births
2024 deaths
People from Dazhou
Members of the 8th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
Members of the 9th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
Chongqing University alumni
Next-Generation Overhead Persistent Infrared. Next-Generation Overhead Persistent Infrared (Next-Gen OPIR) is being developed in USA as the replacement for the current missile warning constellation, the Space-Based Infrared System (SBIRS).

The Next-Gen OPIR satellites are engineered to detect and track ballistic missile launches, delivering early warnings of potential attacks. Equipped with advanced infrared sensors, these satellites identify the heat signatures of incoming missiles and securely transmit this vital data to ground stations.

References

External links 
 

Reconnaissance satellites of the United States
Missile defense
Infrared technology
Early warning systems
Military space program of the United States
Military satellites
Equipment of the United States Space Force
Early warning satellites
Military equipment introduced in the 2020s
China International Engineering Consulting Corporation. China International Engineering Consulting Corporation (CIECC, ) is a company run under the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council. CIECC engages in engineering consulting, engineering design, engineering supervision, engineering bidding and engineering costing.

History 
China International Engineering Consulting Corporation (CIECC) was created in August 1982 and was subsequently designated as a unit directly under the State Construction Committee, the State Economic Committee, and the State Planning Commission. In July 1998, CIECC was separated from the State Planning Commission. In March 2003, with the formation of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) by the State Council, CIECC was placed under the control of SASAC. On December 29, 2017, CIECC rebranded itself as China International Engineering Consulting Co.

CIECC had executed a total of significant consulting services across several categories. The projects encompass the West–East Gas Pipeline, West-to-East Electricity Pipeline, South-to-North Water Diversion, Returning Farmland to Forestry, Geological Hazard Prevention and Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway, Shougang Group's Relocation, the Olympic Stadium, Qinghai-Tibet Railway, National Museum, the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, the Comac C919, the Chinese Lunar Exploration Program, and the New Generation of Carrier Vehicles among others.

Leader 
General Manager
Shi Qirong (December 1985 - October 1995)
Xiao Fengtong (2009–2015)
Wang An  (2015–2020)
Gou Husheng  (2020–now)

References 

Government-owned companies of China
Companies established in 1982
1982 in Beijing
Consulting firms established in 1982
Bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate. Bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate (abbreviated BTMPS) is a hindered amine light stabilizer used to protect plastics and coatings such as paint from oxidation caused by weathering. like most compounds of this class, it's active form is an aminoxyl radical.

In 2024 it was detected as an adulterant in illicitly sold fentanyl in the United States.

Production and reactions
It is produced by the esterification of sebacic acid and tetramethylpiperidinol (or its oxidised form 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO).

Potential medical significance
It is capable of inhibiting nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Additionally, it is a potent blocker of L-type calcium channels. It is also able to induce dose-dependent hemodynamic alterations. Similar to early calcium channel blockers, it can precipitate adrenergic release.

References

Plastics additives
Piperidines
Esters
Carboxylate esters
Antioxidants
Dominik Mate Kovacs. Dominik Mate Kovacs is a technology entrepreneur, CEO, and founder of Colossyan, a company specializing in AI-powered video content creation. In 2024, he was included in the Forbes 30 Under 30 list in Europe's Technology category.

Biography 
Kovacs completed his bachelor's degree in General Engineering in Cyber Systems at the Technical University of Denmark (DTU) in 2020. He also pursued an exchange program at the University of Hong Kong, where he specialized in reinforcement learning and AI-based computer vision.

Career 
Kovacs co-founded his first company, Defudger, in 2018, which developed an authentication system for validating audiovisual content using computer vision, machine learning, and blockchain technology. The system was designed to detect synthetic media content.

In 2020, he co-founded Colossyan with Zoltan Kovacs and Kristof Szabo. Dominik Mate Kovacs initially served as the company's Chief Product Officer before being appointed CEO in 2022. Under his leadership the company secured €1 million in seed funding, followed by $22 million in Series A funding in 2022. Colossyan's platform enables users to generate training videos by entering scripts that are voiced by virtual avatars using Colossyan's text-to-speech (TTS) technology.

References

External links 

 Colossyan website

Living people
Hungarian businesspeople
Technical University of Denmark alumni
Artificial intelligence researchers
Hungarian chief executives
Technology company founders
Year of birth missing (living people)
Disordered local moment picture. The disordered local moment (DLM) picture is a method, in theoretical solid state physics, for describing the electronic structure of a magnetic material at a finite temperature, where a probability distribution of sizes and orientations of atomic magnetic moments must be considered. It was pioneered, among others, by Balázs Győrffy, Julie Staunton, Malcolm Stocks, and co-workers.

The underlying assumption of the DLM picture is similar to the Born-Oppenheimer approximation for the separation of solution of the ionic and electronic problems in a material. In the disordered local moment picture, it is assumed that 'local' magnetic moments which form around atoms are sufficiently long-lived that the electronic problem can be solved for an assumed, fixed distribution of magnetic moments. Many such distributions can then be averaged over, appropriately weighted by their probabilities, and a description of the paramagnetic state obtained. (A paramagnetic state is one where the magnetic order parameter, , is equal to the zero vector.)

The picture is typically based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations of the electronic structure of materials. Most frequently, DLM calculations employ either the Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker (KKR) (sometimes referred to as multiple scattering theory) or linearised muffin-tin orbital (LMTO) formulations of DFT, where the coherent potential approximation (CPA) can be used to average over multiple orientations of magnetic moment. However, the picture has also been applied in the context of supercells containing appropriate distributions of magnetic moment orientations. 

Within the context of the KKR method, and in the absence of spin-orbit coupling, the CPA condition describing the paramagnetic state (where the net magnetisation is zero) can be shown to be equivalent to the CPA condition for an Ising 'alloy' of 'up' and 'down' magnetic moments.

Though originally developed as a means by which to describe the electronic structure of a magnetic material above its magnetic critical temperature (Curie temperature), the disordered local moment picture has since been applied in a number of other contexts. This includes precise calculation of Curie temperatures and magnetic correlation functions for transition metals, rare-earth elements, and transition metal oxides; as well as a description of the temperature dependance of magnetocrystalline anisotropy. The approach has found particular success in describing the temperature-dependence of magnetic quantities of interest in rare earth–transition metal permanent magnets, such as SmCo5 and Nd2Fe14B, which are of interest for a range of energy generation and conversion technologies.

References 

Condensed matter physics