omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Sessility (motility). Sessility is the biological property of an animal describing its lack of a means of self-locomotion. Sessile animals for which natural motility is absent are normally immobile. This is distinct from the botanical concept of sessility, which refers to an organism or biological structure attached directly by its base without a stalk. 

Sessile animals can move via external forces (such as water currents), but are usually permanently attached to something. Organisms such as corals lay down their own substrate from which they grow. Other animals organisms grow from a solid object, such as a rock, a dead tree trunk, or a human-made object such as a buoy or ship's hull.

Mobility
Sessile animals typically have a motile phase in their development. Sponges have a motile larval stage and become sessile at maturity. Conversely, many jellyfish develop as sessile polyps early in their life cycle. In the case of the cochineal, it is in the nymph stage (also called the crawler stage) that the cochineal disperses. The juveniles move to a feeding spot and produce long wax filaments. Later they move to the edge of the cactus pad where the wind catches the wax filaments and carries the tiny larval cochineals to a new host.

Reproduction
Many sessile animals, including sponges, corals and hydra, are capable of asexual reproduction in situ by the process of budding. Sessile organisms such as barnacles and tunicates need some mechanism to move their young into new territory. This is why the most widely accepted theory explaining the evolution of a larval stage is the need for long-distance dispersal ability. Biologist Wayne Sousa's 1979 study in intertidal disturbance added support for the theory of nonequilibrium community structure, "suggesting that open space is necessary for the maintenance of diversity in most communities of sessile organisms".

Clumping

Clumping is a behavior in sessile organisms in which individuals of a particular species group closely to one another for beneficial purposes, as can be seen in coral reefs and cochineal populations. This allows for faster reproduction and better protection from predators.

Predominance in coastal environments
The circalittoral zone of coastal environments and biomes are dominated by sessile organisms such as oysters. Carbonate platforms grow due to the buildup of skeletal remains of sessile organisms, usually microorganisms, which induce carbonate precipitation through their metabolism.

Botanical sessility
In anatomy and botany, sessility refers to an organism or biological structure that has no peduncle or stalk. A sessile structure has no stalk.

See: peduncle (anatomy), peduncle (botany) and sessility (botany).

See also
 Anthozoa
 Ediacara biota

References

Animal locomotion
Zoology
Biological concepts
Caliper Corporation. Caliper Corporation was founded in 1983 as a developer of mapping software and is headquartered in Newton, Massachusetts.

Caliper develops geographic information systems (GIS) and transportation software. Caliper is also a consulting and R&D provider offering professional services in quantitative management consulting, transportation, and decision support systems development.

Caliper is the developer of the TransCAD transportation planning software, TransModeler traffic simulation software, and Maptitude GIS packages.

TransCAD
TransCAD is software for transportation planning. In addition to the standard point, line, area, and image layers in a GIS map, TransCAD supports route system layers and has tools for creating, manipulating and displaying routes. TransCAD uses a network data structure to support routing and network optimization models. TransCAD includes trip generation, distribution, mode choice, and traffic assignment models that support transportation planning and travel demand forecasting. TransCAD has a set of dynamic segmentation and linear referencing tools for managing highway, rail, pipeline, and other networks.

Product history
TransCAD was first released as a MS-DOS-based transportation GIS package in 1985. TransCAD 3.0, the first Microsoft Windows version, was released on May 28, 1996. TransCAD 4.8 was replaced by TransCAD 5.0 on January 2, 2008, and later TransCAD 6.0 and TransCAD 7.0. The most current version is TransCAD 8.0.

Web-based version
TransCAD for the Web is a web-based version of TransCAD that uses application source code that can be edited using Javascript, HTML, and ASP.NET. Application templates (Mapplications) are used to create a web application or service. The default templates include Ajax applications and mashups that use Google Maps via the Google Map API. TransCAD for the Web was the first web-based GIS for Transportation (GIS-T), and remains the only transportation GIS with web development capabilities.

Maptitude for Redistricting
Maptitude for Redistricting is a related, but separate product, to Maptitude. By 2001, Caliper's new redistricting mapping technology was being used by over fifty percent of the United States's legislatures to draft new electoral district boundaries following the 1999 census. In 2011, California established a citizens redistricting commission that used Maptitude to successfully redraw the maps.

References

External links
 Official Mapping Software Website

GIS software companies
GIS software
Software companies based in Massachusetts
Traffic simulation
Software companies of the United States
Companies based in Massachusetts
1983 establishments in Massachusetts
Flint Six "55" Four Door Brougham. The Flint Six "55" Four Door Brougham was manufactured by Flint Motors Division of Flint, Michigan.

Flint Six "55" Four Door Brougham specifications (1926 data) 

 Color – Optional
 Seating Capacity – Five
 Wheelbase – 120 inches
 Wheels – Artillery
 Tires - 32" x 6.20" balloon
 Service Brakes – Hydraulic, expanding on four wheels
 Emergency Brakes – Contracting on rear
 Engine  - Eight-cylinder, vertical, cast en bloc, 3-3/8 x 5 inches; head removable; valves in side; H.P. 27.34 N.A.C.C. rating
 Lubrication – Force feed
 Crankshaft - Seven bearing
 Radiator – Cellular type
 Cooling – Centrifugal pump
 Ignition – Storage Battery
 Starting System – Two Unit
 Voltage – Six to eight
 Wiring System – Single
 Gasoline System – Vacuum
 Clutch – Single plate
 Transmission – Selective sliding
 Gear Changes – 3 forward, 1 reverse
 Drive – Spiral bevel
 Springs – Semi-elliptic
 Rear Axle – Semi-floating
 Steering Gear – Ross cam and lever

Standard equipment
New car price included the following items:
 tools
 jack
 speedometer
 ammeter
 motometer with lock
 electric horn
 transmission theft lock
 automatic windshield cleaner
 demountable rims
 stop light
 front bumper
 spare tire carrier
 rear-view mirror
 sun visor
 cowl ventilator
 headlight dimmer
 clock
 closed cars have heater and dome light.

Optional equipment
The following was available at an extra cost:
 extra tire
 tube
 rim
 tire cover
 gasoline gauge on dash

Prices
New car prices were F.O.B. factory, plus Tax:
 Five Passenger Touring - $1595
 Four Passenger Coupé - $2195
 Five Passenger Sedan - $2285
 Five Passenger Brougham - $2735
 Four Passenger Sport Roadster - $1950

See also
 Flint (automobile)

References
Source: 

Cars of the United States
Ludger Limited. Ludger Ltd is a biotechnology company with R&D and manufacturing facilities at the Culham Science Centre, Oxford, UK. The company specialises in technology for the measurement and control of biopharmaceutical glycosylation.

History
The company was founded in 1999 by its chief executive, Dr Daryl Ludger Fernandes. Dr Fernandes had developed glycoprofiling technology for his doctorate in the Glycobiology Institute at the University of Oxford and in the late 1980s was responsible for transfer of that technology to Oxford GlycoSciences (OGS).

In 2000, the company won a UK Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) Smart award to develop biopharmaceutical glycoanalysis technology.; in 2001, it won a UK DTI Link grant for a collaborative R&D project to develop rapid glycoanalysis technology with GlaxoSmithKline and the University of Oxford.

The company's focus is to provide products, services for characterisation and quality control of biopharmaceutical glycosylation. Current products include kits and reagents for detailed analysis of N-linked and O-linked glycans by HPLC and mass spectrometry.

Current services include contract glycosylation analysis to support biopharmaceutical development and regulatory submissions to the US Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency, glycoprofiling method development, and training in biopharmaceutical glycoprofiling procedures. The key glycoprofiling modules include monosaccharide analysis, sialic acid analysis to determine relative levels of human vs non-human sialylation, oligosaccharide profiling, and detailed glycan structure analysis.

References

External links

Biotechnology companies of the United Kingdom
Biotechnology companies established in 1999
British companies established in 1999
AT-T. Artilleriyskiy Tyagach Tyazholiy, or AT-T (, meaning "heavy artillery tractor") was a Soviet Cold War-era artillery tractor. The AT-T is based on the chassis and drive system from the T-54 tank. However, the hull has been rotated 180 degrees, with the engine, clutch, gearbox, steering gear and drive wheels located at the front of the vehicle (on the tank, these are located to the rear). The crew cabin is also located in the front part of the vehicle, and is from the ZIS-150 and ZIL-164 trucks.

Variants
BAT-M obstacle removing vehicle
BTM-3 high-speed trench digging vehicle
Kharkovchanka Antarctic off-road vehicle
MDK-2M pits digging vehicle
P-40 radar

External links

O. Protasov - AT-T heavy artillery tractor 

Artillery tractors
Military vehicles of the Soviet Union
Military vehicles introduced from 1945 to 1949
Star Two Door Sedan. The Star Two Door Sedan was manufactured by the Star division of Durant Motors.

Star Two Door Sedan specifications (1926 data)
 Color – Blue lacquer with nickel radiator
 Seating Capacity – Five
 Wheelbase – 102 inches
 Wheels – Wood
 Tires - 30” x 3-1/2” cord
 Service Brakes – Contracting on rear
 Emergency Brakes – Expanding on rear
 Engine  - Four cylinder, vertical, cast en bloc, 3-3/8 x 4-1/4 inches; head removable; valves in side; H.P. 18.2 N.A.C.C. rating
 Lubrication – Full force feed
 Crankshaft - Three bearing
 Radiator – Cellular type
 Cooling – Centrifugal water pump
 Ignition – Storage Battery
 Starting System – Two Unit
 Voltage – Six
 Wiring System – Single
 Gasoline System – Vacuum
 Clutch – Single plate dry disc
 Transmission – Selective sliding
 Gear Changes – 3 forward, 1 reverse
 Drive – Spiral bevel
 Springs – Semi-elliptic
 Rear Axle – Semi-floating
 Steering Gear – Worm and gear

Standard equipment
New car price included the following items:
 tools
 jack
 speedometer
 ammeter
 motor driven horn
 ignition theft lock
 demountable rims
 spare tire carrier

Closed cars have the following standard:
 sun visor
 rear vision mirror
 windshield wiper

Optional equipment
The following was available at an extra cost:
 none listed

Prices
New car prices were F.O.B. factory, plus Tax:
 Touring - $540
 Coupster - $625
 Coupé - $715
 Two Door Sedan - $750
 Four Door Sedan - $820

See also
 Star (automobile)

References
 

Durant Motors
Oracle Fusion Applications. Oracle Fusion Applications (OFA) are a suite of applications built on Oracle Cloud that include cloud-based applications for enterprise resource planning (ERP), enterprise performance management (EPM), supply chain management and manufacturing (SCM), human capital management (HCM), and customer experience (CX).

Oracle Fusion Applications were launched in September 2010 and released one year later at OpenWorld 2011. The name refers to the fact that each application runs in the cloud and shares one underlying platform, which means that data can be shared between them. This is different from many cloud applications that exist in isolation and are not interoperable. Oracle also developed "coexistence" processes that extend across all Oracle Applications so that users could adopt what they needed from Fusion while still using existing on-premise applications.

Oracle Fusion Applications were originally envisioned and pitched as an enterprise resource planning suite—a combination of features and functionalities taken from the Oracle E-Business Suite, JD Edwards, PeopleSoft, and Siebel product lines. The suite was built on top of the Oracle Fusion Middleware technology stack; both layers implement the Oracle Fusion Architecture, which leverages the capabilities of service-oriented architecture. Companies can deploy Fusion cloud applications in a private cloud, public cloud, hybrid cloud, or a private cloud built and managed by Oracle Cloud Services.

In September 2021, Oracle launched Fusion Marketing as part of Oracle Advertising and CX. The system uses artificial intelligence to automate digital marketing campaigns and identify qualified leads.

See also
 Oracle Applications
 Oracle Advertising and Customer Experience (CX)
 Oracle Cloud ERP
 Oracle Fusion Architecture
 Oracle Fusion Middleware
 Oracle Cloud HCM
 Oracle SOA Suite

References

External links
https://www.oracle.com/applications/

Fusion
Middleware
Service-oriented architecture-related products
ERP software

ru:Oracle Fusion Applications
Broom Development Engineering. Broom Development Engineering is a British motorcycle manufacturer, and provides research and development services to the automotive and aerospace industries. Established in 1982 by engineer, Hesketh test rider and motorcycle racer Mick Broom, the company  is based at Turweston Airfield near Brackley, Northamptonshire not far from the Silverstone racing circuit and has continued to improve the Hesketh V1000 engine and frame performance as well as updating earlier motorcycles to the latest specification. It produced each year about a dozen new V1000 EN10 motorcycles which were the V1000 with oil cooling improvements including an oil radiator to cool the  rear cylinder. It has also produced fifty Hesketh Vampire tourers to customer specifications. Mick Broom put the Hesketh business up for sale in September 2008. The Hesketh motorcycle side of Broom Development Engineering was taken over by Mr Paul Sleeman who relocated the business south of London and intends to continue the improvements to the present models, with back-up and spares to present Hesketh owners and in time introduce new models.

Model range

References

External links

Motorcycle manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Morane-Saulnier AR. The Morane-Saulnier AR was a trainer aircraft produced in France during and after the First World War.

Design and development
Developed from the Morane-Saulnier LA reconnaissance aircraft, the AR was a wire-braced parasol-wing monoplane of conventional design with two open cockpits in tandem and cross-axle-style tailskid undercarriage. Construction was mostly of fabric-covered wood, but the forward fuselage was skinned in metal.

Large-scale production commenced after the Armistice, with the type now designated MS.35, in a number of subtypes differentiated principally in the engine used. Although Morane-Saulnier hoped to sell the type on the civil market as a touring machine, most of the 400 examples built saw service with the French Army, but others were used by the Navy and still others exported to foreign air arms. The MS.35s were used in France until 1929, when some of them were purchased by the country's flying clubs.

Variants
 Type AR
 MS.35R - main production version with Le Rhône 9C engine
 MS.35A - version with Anzani engine
 MS.35C - version with Clerget 9C engine

Operators

 Aéronautique Militaire
 Écoles de pilotage
 Aéronautique Navale
 
 Argentine Air Force
 
Belgian Air Force
 
 Bolivian Air Force
 
 Brazilian Air Force
 
 Hellenic Air Force
 
 Guatemalan Air Force
 
 Paraguayan Air Force
 
 (70 examples)
 
 Royal Romanian Air Force
 
 Soviet Air Force - (60 examples)
 
 Swiss Air Force
 
 Turkish Air Force
 
 United States Navy
 
 Uruguayan Air Force

Specifications (MS.35R)

Notes

References

Further reading

AR
1910s French military trainer aircraft
Parasol-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1915
Rotary-engined aircraft
LYME (software bundle). LYME and LYCE are software stacks composed entirely of free and open-source software to build high-availability heavy duty dynamic web pages. The stacks are composed of:
 Linux, the operating system;
 Yaws, the web server;
 Mnesia or CouchDB, the database;
 Erlang, the functional programming language.

The LYME and LYCE bundles can be and are combined with many other free and open-source software packages such as e.g. netsniff-ng for security testing and hardening, Snort, an intrusion detection (IDS) and intrusion prevention system (IPS), RRDtool for diagrams, or Nagios, Collectd, or Cacti, for monitoring.

Details 
Both databases Mnesia and CouchDB as well as Yaws (and also Mochiweb, Misultin, and Cowboy) are written in Erlang, so web applications developed for LYME/LYCE may be run entirely in one Erlang virtual machine. This is in contrast to LAMP where the web server (Apache) and the application (written in PHP, Perl or Python) might be in the same process, but the database is always a separate process. As a result of using Erlang, LYME and LYCE applications perform well under high load and if distribution and fault tolerance is needed.

The query and data manipulation language of Mnesia is also Erlang (rather than SQL), therefore a web-application for LYME is developed using only a single programming language.

Interest in LYME as a stack had begun by August 2005, as was soon cited as a high-performance web application platform that used a single development language throughout. Favorable comparisons to other popular stacks such as Ruby on Rails were soon forthcoming. Comparisons to LAMP have also been favourable, although some  have highlighted the difficulties of porting "SQL thinking" to the very different context of Mnesia.

Adoption 
A successful user of LYME is the Swedish internet payment-processing company Klarna, who have built their whole architecture on LYME. This is seen as a successful project that demonstrates virtues of both LYME and functional programming in general.
LYME was also covered in the Erlang session at the Software Practice Advancement (SPA) 2008.

Besides Yaws, there are several other web servers written in Erlang, e.g. Mochiweb, Misultin, and Cowboy.

Besides Mnesia and CouchDB, there are a couple of other databases written in Erlang, e.g., Cloudant, Couchbase Server (born as Membase), database management system optimized for storing data behind interactive web applications, Riak, and SimpleDB (part of Amazon Web Services).

See also 
 LAMP (software bundle)
 MEAN (software bundle) a JavaScript software stack for building dynamic web sites and web applications

References 

Erlang (programming language)
Free web software
Web frameworks
Web development software
Internet software for Linux
Non-structured programming. Non-structured programming is the historically earliest programming paradigm capable of creating Turing-complete algorithms. It is often contrasted with the structured programming paradigm, in particular with the use of unstructured control flow using goto statements or equivalent. The distinction was particularly stressed by the publication of the influential "Go To Statement Considered Harmful" open letter in 1968 by Dutch computer scientist Edsger W. Dijkstra, who coined the term "structured programming".

Unstructured programming has been heavily criticized for producing hardly readable ("spaghetti") code.  

There are both high- and low-level programming languages that use non-structured programming. Some languages commonly cited as being non-structured include JOSS, FOCAL, TELCOMP, assembly languages, MS-DOS batch files, and early versions of BASIC, Fortran, COBOL, and MUMPS.

Features and typical concepts

Basic concepts 
A program in a non-structured language uses unstructured jumps to labels or instruction addresses.  The lines are usually numbered or may have labels: this allows the flow of execution to jump to any line in the program. This is in contrast to structured programming which uses sequential constructs of statements, selection (if/then/else) and repetition (while and for).

References

Further reading

External links

 BPStruct - A tool to structure concurrent systems (programs, process models)

Programming paradigms
Morane-Saulnier BB. The Morane-Saulnier BB was a military observation aircraft produced in France during World War I for use by Britain's Royal Flying Corps. It was a conventional single-bay biplane design with seating for the pilot and observer in tandem, open cockpits. The original order called for 150 aircraft powered by 110-hp Le Rhône 9J rotary engines, but shortages meant that most of the 94 aircraft eventually built were delivered with 80 hp Le Rhône 9C rotaries  instead. A water-cooled Hispano-Suiza 8A engine was trialled as an alternative in the Type BH, but this remained experimental only. A production licence was sold to the Spanish company Compañía Española de Construcciones Aeronáuticas (CECA), which built twelve fitted with Hispano-Suiza engines in 1916.

Operational history
The type equipped a number of RFC and RNAS squadrons both in its original observation role and, equipped with a forward-firing Lewis gun mounted on the top wing, as a fighter.

Variants
MS.7 official French government STAe designation for the BB
MS.8 official French government STAe designation for the BH
BB Le Rhône 9J rotary powered variant
BH Hispano-Suiza 8A V-8 powered variant
CECA-MS or CECA-Saulnier  designations used for BB/BH built in Spain

Operators

 Royal Flying Corps
 No. 1 Squadron RFC
 No. 3 Squadron RFC
 No. 12 Squadron RFC
 No. 60 Squadron RFC
 Royal Naval Air Service
 No. 1 Squadron RNAS
 No. 3 Squadron RNAS
 No. 4 Squadron RNAS

 Spanish Air Force

 Imperial Russian Air Service

Specifications (BB)

Notes

References

Further reading

BB
1910s French military reconnaissance aircraft
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1915
Rotary-engined aircraft
Processing delay. In a network based on packet switching, processing delay is the time it takes routers to process the packet header. Processing delay is a key component in network delay.

During processing of a packet, routers may check for bit-level errors in the packet that occurred during transmission as well as determining where the packet's next destination is. Processing delays in high-speed routers are typically on the order of microseconds or less. After this nodal processing, the router directs the packet to the queue where further delay can happen (queuing delay).

In the past, the processing delay has been ignored as insignificant compared to the other forms of network delay. However, in some systems, the processing delay can be quite large especially where routers are performing complex encryption algorithms and examining or modifying packet content. Deep packet inspection done by some networks examine packet content for security, legal, or other reasons, which can cause very large delay and thus is only done at selected inspection points. Routers performing network address translation also have higher than normal processing delay because those routers need to examine and modify both incoming and outgoing packets.

See also
 Latency (engineering)

References

Bibliography
Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach by Kurose and Ross. 6th edition

Computer networking
Packets (information technology)
Computer engineering