omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Hiro H2H. The Hiro H2H, or "Navy Type 89 Flying boat" (), was a Japanese patrol flying boat of the 1930s. Designed and built by the Hiro Naval Arsenal, it was a twin-engined biplane that was operated by the Imperial Japanese Navy.

Design and development
In 1929, the Imperial Japanese Navy purchased a single example of the British Supermarine Southampton II metal-hulled flying boat, and, after evaluation, it was passed onto the Hiro Naval Arsenal (who designed the wooden Hiro H1H flying boat based on the Felixstowe F.5) to study its advanced metal hull structure. Following this study, Hiro designed a new flying boat, closely resembling the Southampton.

The new aircraft was a twin-engined biplane, with an all-metal hull and fabric covered metal wing and tail structures. It was powered by two Hiro Type 14 water-cooled 12-cylinders W engines. The first prototype was completed in 1930 and, following successful testing, was ordered into production - with thirteen aircraft being built by Hiro and a further four by Aichi. Later aircraft were powered by more powerful (600-750 hp (448-560 kW)) Hiro Type 90 engines.

Operational history
It entered service in 1932 as the Type 89 Flying boat with the short designation H2H1. Type 89 Flying Boats entered service in time for the Shanghai Incident and, along with Hiro's earlier H1H, served in front-line service until the early years of the Second Sino-Japanese War.

Specifications (Early version)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

Andrews, C.F. and Morgan, E.B. Supermarine Aircraft since 1914. London:Putnam, 1987. .
Mikesh, Robert C. and Abe, Shorzoe. Japanese Aircraft 1910-1941. London:Putnam, 1990. .

External links
 Hiro H2H 

1930s Japanese patrol aircraft
Flying boats
H2H
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1930
Twin piston-engined tractor aircraft
Naphthol Green B. Naphthol Green B is a coordination complex of iron that is used as a dye.  The ligand is a sulfonated derivative of 1-nitroso-2-naphthol.

Structure
Naphthol Green B is the sodium salt of Naphthol Green Y (C.I. 10005). The organic ligands each bind to iron as bidentate ligands through the nitrogen and the anionic phenoxide groups.  Three ligands are bound to the iron.

Applications
Its absorption maximum is 714 nm in water. It is water-soluble.

Naphthol Green B is used in histology to stain collagen. Moreover, it is used for polychrome stains with animal tissue. For industry purposes Naphthol Green B is used for staining wool, nylon, paper, anoxidized aluminium and soap.

References

External links
 Naphthol Green B at StainsFile

Nitroso compounds
Iron(III) compounds
Naphthalenesulfonates
Organic sodium salts
Iron complexes
Acid dyes
Tim Pedley. Timothy John Pedley  (born 23 March 1942) is a British mathematician and a former G. I. Taylor Professor of Fluid Mechanics at the University of Cambridge. His principal research interest is the application of fluid mechanics to biology and medicine.

Early life and education
Pedley is the son of Richard Rodman Pedley and Jeanie Mary Mudie Pedley. He was educated at Rugby School and Trinity College, Cambridge.

Academic career
Pedley spent three years at Johns Hopkins University as a post-doctoral fellow. From 1968 to 1973 he was a lecturer at Imperial College London, after which he moved to the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics (DAMTP) at the University of Cambridge. 

Pedley remained at Cambridge until 1990 when he was appointed Professor of Applied Mathematics at the University of Leeds. In 1996 he returned to Cambridge and from 2000 to 2005 he was head of DAMTP.

Research
Pedley has pioneered the application of fluid mechanics to understanding biological phenomena. His best-known work includes the study of blood flow in arteries, flow–structure interactions in elastic tubes, flow and pressure drop in the lung, and the collective behaviour of swimming microorganisms.

His research has touched on issues of medical importance, including arterial bypass grafts, urine flow from kidneys to bladder, and the ventilation of premature infants. His work on microorganisms has application to plankton ecology.

Honours
Pedley is a fellow of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1995. Pedley was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering (1999) for research on biofluid dynamics, collapsible tube flow, and the theory of swimming of fish and  microorganisms. In 2008 Pedley and Professor James Murray FRS were jointly awarded the Gold Medal of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications in recognition of their "outstanding contributions to mathematics and its applications over a period of years".

He was the 2024 recipient of the Fluid Mechanics Prize of the European Mechanics Society, "for his seminal and outstanding contributions to fluid mechanics applied to biology and medicine, and for his distinguished service and leadership for the European and international fluid mechanics community".

Marriage and children
In 1965 Pedley married Avril Jennifer Martin Uden, with whom he has two sons. He enjoys birdwatching, running and reading.

References

1942 births
Living people
20th-century British mathematicians
21st-century British mathematicians
Fellows of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge
British fluid dynamicists
Cambridge mathematicians
Fellows of the Royal Society
Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
Academics of Imperial College London
Academics of the University of Leeds
G. I. Taylor Professors of Fluid Mechanics
Journal of Fluid Mechanics editors
People educated at Rugby School
Presidents of the Cambridge Philosophical Society
Kite (sailboat). The Kite is an American sailboat that was designed by Carter Pyle as a one design racer and first built in 1965.

Production
The design was built by Newport Boats in Newport Beach, California and Mobjack Manufacturing Corp. in Gloucester, Virginia starting in 1965, but it is now out of production.

Design

The Kite is a recreational sailing dinghy, built predominantly of fiberglass. It has a single sail catboat rig, a slightly raked stem, an angled transom, a transom-hung rudder controlled by a tiller and a daggerboard. It displaces .

The boat has a draft of  with the centerboard extended and  with it retracted, allowing beaching or ground transportation on a trailer.

For sailing the design is equipped with boom vang and a center-boom-mounted mainsheet.

The design has a hull speed of .

Operational history
The boat was at one time supported by a class club that organized racing events, the Kite Class, but it is now inactive.

See also
List of sailing boat types

References

External links

Dinghies
1960s sailboat type designs
Sailboat types built in the United States
Sailboat type designs by Carter Pyle
Sailboat types built by Newport Boats
Sailboat types built by Mobjack Manufacturing
Fairey Ferret. The Fairey Ferret was a 1930s British general-purpose biplane designed and built by the Fairey Aviation Company. It performed well in trials but was not ordered into production.

Development
The Ferret was designed to meet a Fleet Air Arm requirement defined by specification 37/22 for a reconnaissance aircraft; it was the company's first all-metal design. With a lack of interest from the FAA the company proposed the design to meet a Royal Air Force requirement for a general-purpose biplane.

The company built three prototypes, two were three-seaters (to meet the naval requirement) and the third was a two-seater. The two-seater Ferret III was also fitted with a new Fairey-designed high-speed gun mounting in the rear cockpit. The first prototype first flew in June 1925 powered by a 400 hp (298 kW) Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar IV radial engine. The other two aircraft had a nine-inch extension to the wingspan and both were fitted with a 425 hp (317 kW) Bristol Jupiter radial engine.

The aircraft performed well during trials at RAF Martlesham Heath but was not ordered into production.

Variants

Ferret Mk I
Three-seat prototype powered by a 400hp (298kW) Armstrong Siddeley Jaguar IVl radial engine, one built.
Ferret Mk II
Three-seat prototype powered by a 425hp (317kW) Bristol Jupiter radial engine, one built.
Ferret Mk III
Two-seat prototype powered by  a 425hp (317kW) Bristol Jupiter radial engine, one built.

Specifications (Ferret III)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 

1920s British military utility aircraft
Ferret
Aircraft first flown in 1925
Single-engined piston aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Operand isolation. In electronic low power digital synchronous circuit design, operand isolation is a technique for minimizing the energy overhead associated with redundant operations by selectively blocking the propagation of switching activity through the circuit.
This technique isolates sections of the circuit (operation) from "seeing" changes on their inputs (operands) unless they are expected to respond to them.
This is usually done using latches at the inputs of the circuit. The latches become transparent only when the result of the operation is going to be used. One can also use multiplexers or simple AND gates instead of latches.

Overhead
There is some area overhead associated with this technique since the circuit designer needs to add extra circuitry, i.e. latches, at the inputs. Also, if the latches are being added in a pipeline stage, they might change the critical path, and hence increase the propagation delay and cycle time. In cases where the overhead is not acceptable, one can think of clock gating as an alternative method of low power design.

See also
 Glitch removal
 Clock gating
 
 Distributive law - a similar idea in mathematics
 Reduction (mathematics) - a similar idea in mathematics
 Reducing a fraction - a similar idea in mathematics
 Reduced Karnaugh map (RKM) - a similar technique in logic optimization
 Infrequent variables - a similar technique in logic optimization

References

Electrical circuits
AS3 (networking). AS3 (Applicability Statement 3), RFC 4823, is a standard by which vendor applications communicate structured business-to-business data over the Internet using File Transfer Protocol (FTP).  It is an EDI protocol.

While AS2 is a transfer protocol, AS3 is a message standard that focuses on message formatting. Where AS2 requires dedicated AS2 server and client to send messages, AS3 is flexible; once an AS3 message is composed, it can be transmitted via any other protocol – FTP, SFTP, HTTPS, and more – as long as both the sender and recipient can access the message's location. Also unlike AS2, AS3 is a push-pull protocol and does not require an ongoing connection.

See also
AS1
AS2
AS4

References

External links

Computer data
Computer standards
Circuit design language. A circuit design language (CDL) is a kind of netlist, a description of an electronic circuit. It is usually automatically generated from a circuit schematic. It is used for electronic circuit simulation and layout versus schematic (LVS) checks. It is similar to SPICE netlists, but with some extensions.

Several vendors such as Cadence Design Systems, Mentor Graphics, and Synopsys support CDL netlists, although their solutions may be proprietary and not readable by competing systems.

References

Electronic circuits
Velocity obstacle. In robotics and motion planning, a velocity obstacle, commonly abbreviated VO, is the set of all velocities of a robot that will result in a collision with another robot at some moment in time, assuming that the other robot maintains its current velocity.  If the robot chooses a velocity inside the velocity obstacle then the two robots will eventually collide, if it chooses a velocity outside the velocity obstacle, such a collision is guaranteed not to occur.

This algorithm for robot collision avoidance has been repeatedly rediscovered and published under different names:
in 1989 as a maneuvering board approach, 
in 1993 it was first introduced as the "velocity obstacle",
in 1998 as collision cones, 
and in 2009 as forbidden velocity maps.
The same algorithm has been used in maritime port navigation since at least 1903.

The velocity obstacle for a robot  induced by a robot  may be formally written as

where  has position  and radius , and  has position , radius , and velocity .  The notation  represents a disc with center  and radius .

Variations include common velocity obstacles (CVO), finite-time-interval velocity obstacles (FVO), generalized velocity obstacles (GVO), hybrid reciprocal velocity obstacles (HRVO), nonlinear velocity obstacles (NLVO),  reciprocal velocity obstacles (RVO), and recursive probabilistic velocity obstacles (PVO).

References 

Geometric algorithms
Multi-robot systems
Robot kinematics
M5 bomb trailer. The M5 bomb trailer is a 2½ ton capacity vehicle used during World War II for transporting bombs from munitions storage areas to the aircraft for loading. Up to six M5s can be towed in a train. The trailer weighs 7,200 pounds when fully loaded.
The front pair of wheels are mounted on a caster assembly like a shopping cart. They are free to rotate 360 degrees about their vertical axes. There is a damper assembly that resembles 1/2 of a disk brake rotor that has friction pucks pressing against it to dampen oscillations of the caster assembly. 
These trailers would be towed out to the flightline all hitched together like a train and the train would stop at the first bomber and the last trailer in the train would be disconnected. The train would then continue on to the next bomber. After the train left, the crew would manhandle the trailer to a position under the bomber to enable the loading of the bombs. The front caster wheel assembly made this relatively easy. And so each trailer would be detached and when the towing vehicle had left the last trailer, it would circle around and go back and pick up the now empty first trailer detached. Then it would proceed to pick the rest of the trailers, one at a time.

History
These trailers were used extensively in World War II on air bases for the transport of bombs and other ordnance. Many were also used in the Korean War and Vietnam War as well. Versions include the M1 and M2 chemical trailer. these were usually towed by the M1 bomb service truck, 1½-ton, 4×4, (Ford) and  M6 bomb service truck, 1½-ton, 4×4, (Chevy).

Specifications

Net weight: 
Payload: 
Length: 
Width: 
Height: 
Wheelbase: 
Ground clearance : 
Road speed: 
Off-road speed: 
Front tires: 6-ply 
Rear tires: 8-ply

Survivors

There are six known examples in museums, two of which have been restored (one at the Imperial War Museum Duxford, UK and one at the National Museum of the United States Air Force in Dayton, Ohio).  Three more are undergoing restoration, one at the Carolinas Aviation Museum in Charlotte, North Carolina, one at Planes of Fame Air Museum in Chino, California, and one at the Yankee Air Museum.  The three are in need of a complete overhaul. The Collings Foundation (Stow MA USA) also has three unrestored M5's. Others are in private Historic Military Vehicle (HMV) collectors hands around the US and the world.

Carolinas Aviation Museum
Imperial War Museum Duxford
National Museum of the United States Air Force
Yankee Air Museum
Flyhistorisk Museum, Sola, Norway. Restored in USN Glossy Sea Blue color. Temporary stored.

See also
 M-numbers
 G-numbers (G74)

References

Notes

Bibliography

 
 
 
 
 SNL G-74

External links
 http://www.footnote.com/image/55724004/#48492938
 https://images.google.com/hosted/life/l?q=gasoline++source:life&imgurl=be63dff04d68237e 

Military trailers of the United States
World War II vehicles of the United States
Military vehicles introduced from 1940 to 1944
Design Factory. Design Factory (DF) or Aalto Design Factory (ADF) is an experimental learning and co-creation community for education, research and application of product design and development located in Aalto University, Espoo. The stated purpose of the Design Factory is to be a constantly developing environment for learning, teaching, research and industry co-operation related to product development and design.

The director of Design Factory is professor Tua Björklund.

Design Factory is physically located in Otaniemi, specifically in Puumiehenkuja 5, Espoo, where it moved from its original location Betonimiehenkuja 5C, in spring 2023.

Aalto Design Factory is the first Design Factory established.  Later, the Design Factory concept has spread to every continent, and there are currently 39 Design Factories in total. The Design Factory Global Network is responsible for networking and liaising between the different Design Factories. The members of the Design Factory Global Network share the same philosophy and principles and provide a DF environment for their local community. The aim is to be a pioneer in international university collaboration across academic boundaries.

Finland's second Design Factory, HAMK Design Factory, was established in autumn 2019 and its premises are located in HAMK campus, Hämeenlinna.

History
Design Factory was opened in September 2008 and the opening ceremony was held on October 3, 2008. During Fall 2008 and spring 2009, the Product Development Project (PDP) took place in the factory.

References

External links

Design Factory – Aaltoyliopisto.info
Design Research at UIAH – Co-designing Design Factory
Design Factory Workshop Report: Co-Designing Design Factory
Letter from Finland: a little piece of design thinking heaven – Core77
thisisFINLAND 2/2009 Peter Marten: Limitless by design
Ruukki – Cooperation with students generated new ideas for rainwater systems
PDP Gala 2008 @ Design Factory (YouTube video)

Aalto University
Educational institutions established in 2008
2008 establishments in Finland
Product design
Henry Wimshurst. Henry Wimshurst (1804–1884) was a 19th-century British shipbuilder. Wimshurst was in business at Ratcliffe Cross Dock in east London. He is remembered primarily as the builder of , the world's first propeller-driven steamship.

Biography
While Wimshurst cannot take credit for Archimedes revolutionary propulsion system—which was the invention of Francis Pettit Smith—he was an "ardent supporter" of Smith and his technological breakthrough. He would later claim to have proposed an improved, two-bladed version of Smith's original propeller which was subsequently installed on the vessel.

After completing Archimedes in 1839, Wimshurst built a second screw-propelled steamship in 1840, Novelty, described as the world's first screw-propelled cargo ship and the first screw-propelled ship to make a commercial voyage.

Wimshurst himself had an inventive turn of mind, and filed a number of patents during the course of his career. In 1854, he built an experimental rotary steam engine, which when installed in a 300-ton screw-propelled ship, reportedly achieved an rpm of 45 and a top speed of 14 mph in tests conducted by the firm of Boulton & Watt. By comparison, a pair of conventional direct-acting engines later installed in the same ship achieved an rpm of 28 and a top speed of only 8 mph. A few years prior in 1850, Wimshurst developed an instrument for measuring the power exerted by a propeller shaft—a forerunner of the torsion meter, an instrument for measuring the power transmitted by turbines.

Henry Wimshurst was the father of James Wimshurst, a late-19th century inventor who developed the Wimshurst machine and an early device for generating X-rays. He also had a daughter Emily Harriet who married Charles Umney, one of the most prominent chemists and druggists of his day. Emily died in Milan in 1912.

Footnotes

References

 Brooman, R. A. (ed.) (1854): The Mechanics' Magazine, Volume LXI, Robertson, Brooman and Co., London.
 Fox, Stephen (2003): Transatlantic: Samuel Cunard, Isambard Brunel, and the Great Atlantic Steamships, page 146, HarperCollins, .
 Seaton, A. E. (1909): The Screw Propeller: and Other Competing Instruments for Marine Propulsion, page 25, Charles Griffin & Co., London, J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia.
 Smith, Edgar C. (1905): A Short history of Naval and Marine Engineering, printed for Babcock & Wilcox Ltd. by University Press, Cambridge.

1804 births
1884 deaths
English shipbuilders
19th-century English businesspeople
Folding boxboard. Folding boxboard, also referred to as FBB or by the DIN Standard 19303 codes of GC or UC, is a paperboard grade made up of multiple layers of chemical and mechanical pulp. This grade is made up of mechanical pulp in between two layers of chemical pulp. The top layer is of bleached chemical pulp with an optional pigment coating. This is a low-density material with high stiffness and a slightly yellow colour, mainly on the inside. The major end uses of folding boxboard are health and beauty products, frozen, chilled and other foods, confectionaries, pharmaceuticals, graphical uses and cigarettes.

See also
Solid bleached board
Solid unbleached board
White lined chipboard

References

Further reading
 Antidumping Duty

Paperboard
Coated paper
Paper
Peter Hartman. Peter F. Hartman (born 1949 in Curaçao) is a Dutch executive and vice-chairman of Air France-KLM. He was CEO of KLM until 2013.

After graduating from high school in 1967, Hartman studied mechanical engineering in Amsterdam, followed by business economics at Erasmus University in Rotterdam, where he received his master's degree.   Hartman joined KLM on 29 October 1973 as an employment analyst for the controller’s department at Engineering & Maintenance (E&M).  In the years that followed he held various positions as controller in the Netherlands and abroad.
In 1984, Hartman was appointed managing director technical contract services and in 1987 he was appointed project manager, Schiphol 2000.
On 1 January 1989 he became vice-president KLM ground services, Schiphol. In this capacity he was responsible for all handling processes at Schiphol and at all outstations in KLM's route network.
Hartman became senior vice president customer services on 1 October 1990, and in April 1994 he was appointed executive vice president personnel and organization.
On 1 January 1996 Hartman took up the post of executive vice president E&M, followed by his appointment on 6 August 1997 to the KLM board of managing directors as COO and later as deputy CEO. Hartman was appointed KLM president and CEO on 1 April 2007.

Hartman is also a member of the following bodies:
The supervisory board of Kenya Airways Group 
The supervisory board of Stork B.V.
The supervisory board of CAI – Compagnia Aerea Italiana S.p.A. (Alitalia)
The supervisory board of the Rotterdam School of Management, Erasmus University
The supervisory board of Delta Lloyd Group
Vice chairman ACARE advisory council for aeronautics research in Europe (workgroup European Commission)

Hartman is a former member of the following bodies:
Chairman of the IATA Board of Governors
The supervisory board of transavia.com
The supervisory board of RAI Amsterdam
Chairman of the Association of European Airlines

References

Living people
Dutch chief executives in the airline industry
Air France–KLM
1949 births
Chief operating officers
Solid bleached board. Solid bleached board (SBB) or solid bleached sulphate (SBS) is a virgin fibre grade of paperboard.

This grade is made purely from bleached chemical pulp and usually has a mineral or synthetic pigment coated top surface in one or more layers (C1S) and often also a coating on the reverse side (C2S). It is a medium density board with good printing properties for graphical and packaging end uses and is perfectly white both inside and out. It can easily be cut, creased, hot foil stamped and embossed. Its other properties, such as being hygienic and pure with no smell and taste, make it usable for packaging aroma and flavour sensitive products such as chocolate, cigarettes and cosmetics.

Solid Beached Board (SBB) and Solid Bleached Sulphate (SBS) Board Market Applications Split into -

 Folding Carton
 Cup and Plate
 Liquid Packaging
 Others

See also
Folding boxboard
Solid unbleached board
White lined chipboard

References

 Brody, A. L., and Marsh, K, S., "Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology", John Wiley & Sons, 1997, 
 Soroka, W, "Fundamentals of Packaging Technology", IoPP, 2002, 

Paperboard
Coated paper
Paper