omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Specter Aircraft. Specter Aircraft, Inc. was an American aircraft manufacturer, founded by James D Gessford in 1997 and based in Bancroft, Idaho. The company specialized in the design and manufacture of light aircraft in the form of kits for amateur construction.

The company was incorporated on 23 July 1997 and had its status administratively revoked on 17 February 2000.

The company was formed to develop and market the Specter II, a canard configuration two-seat aircraft intended to be sold in kit form. Federal Aviation Administration records indicate that only one was built.

Aircraft

References

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of the United States
Homebuilt aircraft
American Indian Council of Architects and Engineers. The American Indian Council of Architects and Engineers (AICAE) is a non-profit organization that promotes the development of American Indian professionals in the fields of architecture and engineering. The AICAE encourages the training, licensure and continuing education of American Indians in these professions.  As of 2020, the council has over 200 members from over 20 states in the United States. The AICAE publishes a newsletter, directory, and holds conferences semiannually.

The AICAE was founded on June 23, 1975 by a small group of American Indian professionals in Albuquerque, New Mexico. Co-founders included Louis L. Weller, a Caddo/Cherokee architect from Shiprock, New Mexico, Neal A. McCaleb, a Chickasaw engineer from Oklahoma, Denby Deegan of the Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara Nation, and Leon W. Shirley of the Navajo Nation. Other original group founders included Charles Archumbault, Ernest Echohawk, Denis Numkena, Leroy Brown and Wakon Redbird. 

Members of the AICAE provide a full range of architectural and engineering services to a range of clients including tribes and Alaska Natives, federal agencies, state agencies and local governments.

There is an annual conference held most recently in September 2019 in Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Publications

See also
American Indian Science and Engineering Society

References

Sources

Further reading

External links
 

.
Native American organizations
American engineering organizations
Architecture organizations based in the United States
Educational organizations based in the United States
Non-profit organizations based in Arizona
Organizations based in Phoenix, Arizona
Scientific organizations established in 1976
1976 establishments in Arizona
Charities based in Arizona
Native American engineers
Cortical modem. A cortical modem is a type of brain machine interface that specifically injects images directly into the visual cortex by way of a direct neural interface (DNI) chip.  The true breakthrough goal lies in the information transfer speed.  Both computers and the human brain can transfer information at incredible speeds, and the real bottleneck in the field of brain-computer interaction is the lack of data transfer speeds between the two.

This technology is especially useful in prosthetics. “If you can directly feed sensory information into the cortex – what the sensory system would have done if it was still there – then you would have the fine closed-loop input-output needed for complex control.” This technology can ultimately give back a person's sensory information that they lost, such as sight or touch.

See also
 Windows Holographic
 Transhumanist

References

Human–computer interaction

User interface techniques
Virtual reality
DARPA projects
Caudron C.23. The Caudron C.23 was a French long range twin engine night bomber, flown in the last year of World War I. Post-war some machines were modified to carry passengers.

Design and development

The C.23 BN.2 was designed to be a night bomber able to reach Berlin with a  bomb load. The French BN.2 military category indicated a two-seat night bomber but the C.23 had a crew of three. It had much in common with the Caudron C.22 but was almost 50% larger in span, requiring an extra bay and more powerful engines. It was a large five bay biplane, with fabric covered, constant chord, unswept wings with angled tips. The upper wing, which carried the ailerons, had a slightly greater (4%) span and a smaller chord. There was no stagger, so the sets of parallel interplane struts were vertical; flying wires braced each bay. Pairs of V-form engine bearing struts, which supported the two neatly cowled  Salmson 9Z nine cylinder water-cooled radial engines just above the lower wing, defined the inner two bays.

The C.23 had a flat sided fuselage.  There was a gunner's position in the nose, equipped with twin Lewis guns. A roomy open cockpit was positioned under the wing leading edge, with a separate gunner's cockpit behind it under a large, rounded trailing edge cut-out. This was fitted with another pair of Lewis guns and a further gun firing downwards through a trapdoor in the floor. A low, broad fin carried a broad balanced rudder which extended down to the keel. The tailplane, angular in plan and of very low aspect ratio, was mounted on top of the fuselage and its elevators had cut-outs for rudder movement.

The bomber had a fixed tailskid undercarriage, with mainwheels in pairs, their axles mounted on longitudinal bars attached to the wing, under the engines, by N-form struts.

The Caudron C.23 first flew in February 1918, piloted by Jules Védrines. Higher power engines, the  Salmson 18Z or the  Hispano-Suiza 8Fb, were considered in April 1918 but the Salmson was not yet fully developed and trials with the Hispano led nowhere.

Operational history

By the time of the Armistice in November 1918 fifty-four C.23s had  been delivered to the French Air Force. Some served with the 22nd squadron until their replacement by the more powerful Farman Goliath in February 1920.

Very soon after the war some C.23s were modified to carry twelve passengers in an open cockpit formed by an opening between the cockpit and mid-upper gunner's position. On 10 February 1919 one made the first passenger flight between Paris and Brussels, carrying five passengers tightly packed together. One C.23, designated C.23 bis, was modified to carry fifteen passengers internally.

Jules Védrines and his engineer Guillian were killed in a C.23 when an engine failed whilst trying to establish a route from Paris to Rome.

Variants

C.23 BN.2 bomber
C.23 12 seat transport
C.23 bis 15 seat cabin transport

Operators

French Air Force - 22nd squadron.

Specifications (C.23 BN.2)

References

C.023
1910s French bomber aircraft
1910s French airliners
Aircraft first flown in 1918
Biplanes
Platinum tetrafluoride. Platinum tetrafluoride is the inorganic compound with the chemical formula .  In the solid state, the compound features platinum(IV) in octahedral coordination geometry.

Preparation
The compound was first reported by Henri Moissan by the fluorination of platinum metal in the presence of hydrogen fluoride.  A modern synthesis involves thermal decomposition of platinum hexafluoride.

Properties
Platinum tetrafluoride vapour at 298.15 K consists of individual molecules.  The enthalpy of sublimation is 210 kJmol−1. Original analysis of powdered PtF4 suggested a tetrahedral molecular geometry, but later analysis by several methods identified it as octahedral, with four of the six fluorines on each platinum bridging to adjacent platinum centres.

Reactions
A solution of platinum tetrafluoride in water is coloured reddish brown, but it rapidly decomposes, releasing heat and forming an orange coloured platinum dioxide hydrate precipitate and fluoroplatinic acid.
When heated to a red hot temperature, platinum tetrafluoride decomposes to platinum metal and fluorine gas. When heated in contact with glass, silicon tetrafluoride gas is produced along with the metal.

Platinum tetrafluoride can form adducts with selenium tetrafluoride and bromine trifluoride. Volatile crystalline adducts are also formed in combination with BF3, PF3, BCl3, and PCl3.

Related compounds
The fluoroplatinates are salts containing the PtF62− ion. Fluoroplatinic acid H2PtF6 forms yellow crystals that absorb water from the air.  Ammonium, sodium,  magnesium, calcium, strontium, and rare earth including lanthanum fluoropalatinate salts are soluble in water. Potassium, rubidium, caesium, and barium salts are insoluble in water.

References

Fluorides,4
Fluorides
Platinum group halides
BaFa' BaFa'. BaFá BaFá is a face-to-face learning simulation (game), invented by Dr. R. Garry Shirts in 1974, who also invented StarPower, and is published by Simulation Training Systems, Inc.
The simulation is intended to improve participants' cross-cultural competence by helping them understand the impact of culture on the behavior of people and organizations. Participants experience "culture shock" by traveling to and trying to interact with a culture in which the people have different values, different ways of behaving and different ways of solving problems.

Versions 
There are three versions, one for high schools, charities and universities, one for middle school aged children called RaFá RaFá, and a professional version for business and government agencies.

Origin

Uses
BaFá BaFá is adaptable and has been used in many different settings including with any groups that have different cultures, whether because of geographical location, political beliefs, race, organizational structure, mergers, sexual orientation, etc. Some examples of ways it has been used:
 Training or teaching about diversity/inclusion.
 Sociology classes.
 Management Training.
 Preparing people to travel to different cultures (Peace Corps, missionaries, military).
 Medical professionals, staff and educators.
 Orientations (student and staff).

References

External links

Experiential learning
Simulation games
Cultural competence
Cross-cultural studies
Algorithms Unlocked. Algorithms Unlocked is a book by Thomas H. Cormen about the basic principles and  applications of computer algorithms. The book consists of ten chapters, and deals with the topics of searching, sorting, basic graph algorithms, string processing, the fundamentals of cryptography and data compression, and an introduction to the theory of computation.

References

External links
 MIT Press: Algorithms Unlocked

2013 non-fiction books
Computer science books
MIT Press books
Jiang Zejia. Jiang Zejia (; November 1920 – 10 November 2013) was a Chinese electrical engineer and educator.

Biography
Jiang was born in November 1920 in Hankou, Hubei, with his ancestral home in Jingde County, Anhui. After the high school, he studied, then taught, at what is now Chongqing University. He went to study at McGill University in Canada in 1947.

He returned to China in 1948 and that year joined the Department of Electrical Engineering faculty of Chongqing University, he was promoted to professor in 1951. In 1951 Chongqing University appointed him director of its Electrical Engineering Department. In 1982, he became President of Chongqing University, serving until 1986. On November 10, 2013, he died of illness in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University.

References

External links

1920 births
People from Jingde County, Anhui
2013 deaths
Chongqing University alumni
McGill University alumni
Presidents of Chongqing University
Engineers from Anhui
Educators from Anhui
Chinese expatriates in Canada
Gigafactory. Gigafactory is a generic term that refers to a manufacturing facility where components and products associated with electrification and decarbonization technologies are produced.

The term was initially used by the electric vehicle manufacturer Tesla in 2013 to refer to the company's first major manufacturing facility outside of the original Tesla Fremont Factory in California. At the time the facility was going to be called "Gigafactory" and no location had been chosen. The completed facility is now called Gigafactory Nevada (or Gigafactory 1) because Tesla has now constructed several other large facilities in multiple countries.

For the first gigafactory, Tesla partnered with Panasonic to produce battery cells at the same facility where the vehicles would be manufactured, creating economies of scale and improving control of the battery supply chain. By locating two major manufacturing facilities within the same structure, Gigafactory Nevada notably became the second-largest building in the world (by volume) once construction was complete.

More recent Tesla factories such as Gigafactory Berlin produce battery cells, battery packs, electric drivetrains, and other components which are incorporated into finished electric vehicle assemblies at the same facility using advanced robotics. This level of vertical integration allows Tesla to produce vehicles more quickly and reduce its exposure to supply chain problems. Conversely Gigafactory New York produces photovoltaic cells and Tesla Supercharger assemblies but does not produce batteries or vehicles, broadening usage of the term.

The term "gigafactory" has also been adopted by other companies which are involved in the manufacture of electric vehicles and other clean tech products. Established automobile manufacturers such as Jaguar Land Rover and Volkswagen now use the term to refer to their own electric vehicle factories. Newer companies such as Stellantis have also embraced the term by referring to four new "gigafactories" in France which will produce lithium-ion batteries for electric vehicles. Other companies such as Holosolis and 3Sun, which only produce solar cells and finished solar panel assemblies, also use the term "gigafactory" to refer to their facilities. The term is therefore understood to generically refer to large industrial facilities which are associated with the decarbonization and electrification trend.

Tesla Gigafactories
Gigafactory may specifically refer to the following Tesla factories:

 Gigafactory Nevada in Storey County, Nevada, United States
 Gigafactory New York in Buffalo, New York, United States
 Gigafactory Shanghai in Shanghai, China
 Gigafactory Berlin-Brandenburg in Grünheide (Mark), Germany
 Gigafactory Texas in Austin, Texas, United States
 Gigafactory Mexico proposed factory in Santa Catarina, Nuevo León, Mexico

See also
Britishvolt
Tesla Factory, in Fremont, California, U.S.
Tesla facilities in Tilburg, Netherlands

References

Tesla factories
3D Manufacturing Format. 3D Manufacturing Format or 3MF is an open source file format standard developed and published by the 3MF Consortium.

3MF is an XML-based data format designed specifically for additive manufacturing. It includes information about materials, colors, and other information that cannot be represented in the STL format. 3MF is part of the Linux open standards project and is not intended to compete in the traditional CAD space which are represented by neutral formats.

Today, CAD software related companies such as Autodesk, Dassault Systèmes, PTC, and Netfabb are part of the 3MF Consortium. Other firms in the 3MF Consortium are Microsoft (for operating system and 3D modeling support), SLM and HP, whilst Shapeways are also included to give insight from a 3D printing background. Other key players in the 3D printing and additive manufacturing business, such as Materialise, 3D Systems, Siemens Digital Industries Software and Stratasys have recently joined the consortium. To facilitate the adoption, 3MF Consortium has brought on new associate members and Executive Director to increase awareness and adoption while also published a C++ implementation of the 3MF file format.

Features
Below are a list of some of the advantages of the 3MF format, supplied by the consortium.
 Full color and texture support in a single file
 Support structures attached to part data
 Full tray support for direct machine preparation
 Thumbnails, viewing, and printing in Microsoft Windows
 Multiple material support
 Beam extension for complex lattice structures
 Slice extension for machine data
 Secure end to end encryption
 Volumetric communication of data at voxel level
 Designed for industrial manufacturing
 Native integration in Microsoft Office and Paint 3D

3MF consortium members 

 Autodesk
 HP
 3D Systems
 Dassault Systèmes
 EOS
 Hexagon
 Materialise
 Microsoft
 nTopology
 PTC
 Siemens
 Altair
 SLM
 Stratasys
 Ultimaker
 Viaccess.Orca
 Prusa 

Source:

See also
 3D printing marketplace
 Open XML Paper Specification
 X3D
 Additive Manufacturing File Format
 glTF File Format

References

Computer-related introductions in 2015
Open formats
XML-based standards
3D graphics file formats
CAD file formats
Spring WS202 Sprint. The Spring WS202 Sprint was a Canadian homebuilt aircraft that was designed and produced by William J. Spring of Burlington, Ontario, introduced in 1996. The aircraft was supplied in the form of plans for amateur construction.

Design and development
The WS202 Sprint featured a cantilever low-wing, a two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration enclosed cockpit under a bubble canopy, fixed tricycle landing gear or conventional landing gear and a single engine in tractor configuration.

The aircraft was made from sheet aluminum. Its  span wing, mounted flaps and had a wing area of . The cabin width was . The design power range was  and the engine used in the prototype was a  Subaru EA81 automotive conversion powerplant.

The aircraft was designed to be constructed from plans and emphasized economy. The designer claimed it could be constructed for US$5000 in 1996, including a second hand Subaru engine. It was designed to be easy to convert between tricycle and conventional landing gear.

The aircraft had a typical empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload for the pilot, passenger and baggage was .

The standard day, sea level, no wind, take off and landing roll with a  engine was .

The manufacturer estimated the construction time from the supplied plans as 1500 hours.

Operational history
The prototype was displayed at AirVenture in Oshkosh, Wisconsin in 1996.

By 1998 the designer reported that one aircraft had been completed and was flying.

In April 2015 one example had been registered with Transport Canada to the designer, William J. Spring, although its registration was cancelled on 13 February 2013. It is unlikely that the aircraft exists any more.

Specifications (WS202 Sprint)

References

External links
Photo of the WS202 at AirVenture in 1996
 Photo of the WS202

WS202
1990s Canadian sport aircraft
1990s Canadian ultralight aircraft
1990s Canadian civil utility aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1996
Edwin W. Blomquist. Edwin W. Blomquist (October 30, 1896 – July 6, 1963) was an American railroad locomotive engineer, labor activist, and politician.

Early life and education 
Born in Chicago, Illinois, Blomquist moved with his family to Sweden in 1900 before returning to the United States in 1914, living in Madison, Wisconsin. He took courses at La Salle Extension University.

Career 
Blomquist worked as a locomotive engineer for the Chicago and North Western Transportation Company. He was also active in the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Enginemen. Blomquist lived in Adams, Wisconsin and served on the Adams Common Council and as mayor from 1927 to 1939. From 1935 to 1939, Blomquist served in the Wisconsin State Assembly as a Progressive. In 1946, Blomquist helped organized the Democratic Party in Adams County, Wisconsin and served as county chairman.

Death 
Blomquist died in a hospital in Adams, Wisconsin on July 6, 1963.

Notes

1896 births
1963 deaths
Politicians from Chicago
People from Adams County, Wisconsin
La Salle Extension University alumni
Wisconsin Progressives (1924)
Wisconsin city council members
Democratic Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
Politicians from Madison, Wisconsin
American expatriates in Sweden
20th-century members of the Wisconsin Legislature
20th-century mayors of places in Wisconsin
Dalian Institute of Science and Technology. Dalian Institute of Science and Technology (), is a four-year engineering college, located in Lüshunkou District, Dalian City, Liaoning Province, China.

General
It has its origin in the Information Technology Department, established in 2002, of Dalian Jiaotong University, and became in 2003 an independent school owned by both Jiaotong University and Dalian Sunshine Century Group.  It was renamed in 2011 as Dalian Institute of Science and Technology.

Departments
It has now various departments, such as mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, information technology, software technology, foreign languages (English and Japanese) and fine arts. The International Cooperation and Exchange College has close tie with Wright State University, Ohio, U.S., and other colleges overseas.

See also
  Dalian Jiaotong University

References

External links
 Official site  (in Chinese)

Universities and colleges in Dalian
Educational institutions established in 2002
2002 establishments in China
Silver Oak College of Engineering and Technology. Silver Oak College of Engineering and Technology (SOCET) is an engineering college located in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Programs
The institute runs several degree programs, including:
 Civil engineering 
 Computer engineering
 Electrical engineering
 Information technology
 Aeronautical engineering
 Mechanical engineering
 Chemical engineering

Events and activities 
There are many activities going on in the campus almost every week:
 Blood donation camps
 Parents teacher meeting
 Cultural festival
 Technical festival
 Pasti ki Masti – happy to help
 Other sports activities

Clubs 
 Indian Rosewood – mechanical engineering
 Chemical Club – chemical engineering
 Peepal Club – Macintosh community
 White Oak Club – design and development students
 BlackCherry Club – virtual reality team
 Banyan Club – Linux community
 Sandalwood Club – electronics and communications students

References

Universities and colleges in Ahmedabad
Engineering colleges in Gujarat