omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Omega (car). The Omega was a Czech automobile prototype designed by Břetislav Novotný. The prototype subsequently became the first automobile model by Československá zbrojovka, akc.spol. with a modified version called Disk.

The Omega was Břetislav Novotný second attempt at making an affordable cyclecar. The design almost identical to his previous prototype, the Novo but was now powered by a water-cooled 600cc two-stroke four-cylinder engine with an output of . It had a curved tubular radiator, coming over the engine and forming the frame of the bonnet. A design Novotný learnt when studying in aeronautical designs. It had a wheelbase of 2450 mm and an overall length of around 3500 mm. Like the Novo, it had friction gears and improved rubber lining in the aluminium disc attached to the flywheel, making it easier to replace. The rear chain drive system was also kept.

The prototype was presented to the board of directors of Československá zbrojovka, akc.spol. who was looking for designers to build their first car on 18 October 1923, they were pleased with the initial results but want to carry out more testing on the car. In December 1923, another prototype was built and two cars went on a test tour which was a success, however the company insisted on some modification and further tests. They wanted the car to have more than two seats, the ignition system improved and the cooling system to be strengthened. In January 1924, Zbrojovka's board of directors renamed the car to Diskos (abbreviated to Disk) since the Omega brand was already trademarked. Both cars went further modifications and 5 more test prototypes were built in mid 1924. The unique tubular radiator was replaced by a more conventional one. New body types including a three-seater and a four-seater was also being trialled.

Since the modifications increased the weight of the car and the rear chain drive system was deemed no longer reliable so it was replaced with a drive shaft with gears. Testing continued and around 50 Disk cars were produced by the end of 1924. Despite having enough orders to produce more Disk cars, the board of directors of the newly formed joint-stock company ceased sales, In January 1925, the board ordered new tests on the car which were successful but strayed too far from their original project of making a cheap and reliable car and so the Omega-Disk project was terminated.

Neither of the two prototypes of the chain-driven Omega survived but the original engine and the almost-complete production documentations including detailed drawings of the small parts survived. 92 years after the first prototype was made, an exact fully functional replica was made and was presented to the public in March 2015 at the Classic Show Brno 2015.

Gallery

External links
 Photos of the Omega replica

References 

Motor vehicle manufacturers of Czechoslovakia
Cyclecars
Cars introduced in 1923
Concept cars
Cars of the Czech Republic
Urgewald. Urgewald is a group that researches coal companies, because they are among the top contributors to greenhouse gas emissions and so cause climate change. The Global Coal Exit List, which they publish, is famous.

Urgewald provided analysis to underpin a Guardian newspaper exposé on the "scores of vast projects" that the oil and gas majors are planning .  If only a fraction of these projects proceed to exploitation, the consequences for the global climate will still be huge.

See also
 Global Energy Monitor

References 

Coal
Environmental organizations established in 1992

External links 
 List of coal companies
Ryedale Roman Bronzes. The Ryedale Roman Bronzes (also known as the Ryedale Hoard) is an assemblage of Roman metalwork.

Discovery
The assemblage was found by metal detectorists James Spark and Mark Didlick in a field near Ampleforth in Ryedale, North Yorkshire, in May 2020.

Contents and significance
The assemblage comprises four pieces of metalwork, all of which are copper-alloys. They are: 1) a plumb bob, 2) a horse and rider figurine, 3) a figural horse head with an iron shank (probably a key), and 4) a figural bust (a sceptre head). The sceptre head is in the shape of an Emperor, probably Marcus Aurelius, and so dates to the late 2nd-century AD. In the Portable Antiquities Scheme record Dr John Pearce commented that the assemblage probably derived from a ritual context.

Dr Andrew Woods, senior curator at the Yorkshire Museum, has described the find as being of "national significance and great rarity."

Acquisition and public display
The assemblage comprised non-precious metals and so did not qualify as treasure under the terms of the Treasure Act 1996. It was placed on public display at Hansons Auctioneers in London on 28th April 2021. It was originally valued at between £70,000 and £90,000. In May 2021 it was sold in the private auction for £185,000. The Yorkshire Museum purchased the assemblage from David Aaron Ltd., who had originally bought it, with financial support from a private donor, Richard Beleson, the Art Fund and other private donors. 

The artefacts were displayed at the Frieze Art Fair in London from 13 to 17 October 2021 before being added to the Yorkshire Museum's collection. In February 2022 it announced that the museum, which had been closed since November 2021, would reopen on 8 April 2022 with a new exhibition focussing on the hoard.

References

Collection of the Yorkshire Museum
Ryedale
2020 in England
2020 archaeological discoveries
Archaeological discoveries in the United Kingdom
Ancient Roman metalwork
Ampleforth
Guy Brasseur. Guy P. Brasseur (born 19 June 1948) is a Belgian meteorologist and climate scientist. His research interests include stratospheric ozone depletion, global air pollution, solar-terrestrial interactions and earth system research.

Career

Brasseur studied at the Vrije Universiteit Brussel and earned two engineering degrees, one in physics (1971) and another in telecommunications and electronics (1974). He then earned a PhD in physics at the same university. He worked at the Belgian Space Institute. In 1988 he joined the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder, Colorado. In 2000 he became Director at the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M) and Scientific Director of the German Climate Computing Centre (DKRZ). From 2006 to 2009 he worked at NCAR. He founded the Climate Service Center Germany (HZG). Today he is head of the environmental modeling research group at the MPI-M and honorary professor at the University of Hamburg. He became a member of the Academia Europaea in 2000.

References

External links 

 Oral history interview transcript with Guy Brasseur on 25 June 2009, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives

Belgian climatologists
Academic staff of the University of Hamburg
Members of Academia Europaea
Belgian meteorologists
Vrije Universiteit Brussel alumni
1948 births

Living people
Max Planck Institute directors
Dana G. Goski. Dana Grace Goski (born 1967) is a Canadian-born materials scientist, past president (October 2020–October 2021) of The American Ceramic Society (ACerS), and vice president of research & development at Allied Mineral Products, Inc. During her tenure as ACerS president, she extensively supported the mission and activities of the Society's Diversity & Inclusion Subcommittee and the International Ceramic Arts Network (ICAN), the Society's member organization for clay artisans and potters.

Education 
Goski was born in Nova Scotia, Canada. She received her early education at Royal Canadian Air Force Base schools and finished high school in the Nova Scotia public school system. After graduation, she studied chemistry at Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia where she received her B.Sc. in 1989 and M.Sc. in 1992 as a joint project with the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) with a focus on colloidal processing and surface chemistry of alumina and zirconia systems. In 1997, she completed her Ph.D. at the Technical University of Nova Scotia and published her thesis Development of an alumina-mullite composite by reaction sintering.

Career 
In 1996, Goski moved to Columbus, Ohio, to join Allied Mineral Products, a global producer of monolithic refractory materials, as a senior research engineer and technical consultant. In 2009, she was named director of research and development before becoming vice president of research and development in 2018 at Allied, where she guides research in advanced ceramic composites and refractory materials.

Goski was named a Fellow of The American Ceramic Society in 2015, awarded the St. Louis Section Theodore J. Planje Award in 2019, and the Marquis Award in 2020.

Awards and recognition 

 Her patented work on monolithic graphitic castable was recognized with the 2015 ACerS Corporate Technical Achievement Award, given to the Allied Mineral Products team in relation to Goski's patent. In 2019, she was recognized with the Theodore J. Planje Award, given for distinguished achievement in the field of refractories, by the St. Louis Section of ACerS. 
 For her support of leadership priorities, identification of strategic approaches, and ability to rally people together to achieve significant milestones, she was honored with the ACerS Global Ambassador Award (2019). In 2020, Goski was awarded with the John Marquis Memorial Award for her work published in ACerS journals and related to manufacturing in ceramics and glass.
 2015 Fellow of The American Ceramic Society
 2015 ACerS Corporate Technical Achievement Award
 2019 Theodore J. Planje Award
 2019 ACerS Global Ambassador Award
 2020 John Marquis Memorial Award
 2020–2021 President of The American Ceramic Society
 2022 First woman designated as a Distinguished Life Member of the Unified International Technical Conference on Refractories (UNITECR)

References 

Canadian emigrants to the United States
Dalhousie University alumni
Fellows of the American Ceramic Society
Canadian materials scientists
Living people
Women materials scientists and engineers
Scientists from Nova Scotia
1967 births
Government Polytechnic, Awasari Kh. The Government Polytechnic, Awasari Kh is a public polytechnic college in Awasari Kh, Pune, Maharashtra. It is an institution run by the Government of Maharashtra and offers diploma programs in engineering & technology. The college is accredited by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE)  and affiliated with the Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education (MSBTE).

Programs Offered
Full Time Diploma Program (3-year):

Campus

The total intake capacity of all these programmes is 420 students. The premises of this institute is spread over 17 acres of land. Accommodation for 336 boys, 288 girls is also available, which is shared with Government College of Engineering and Research, Avasari Khurd.

References

External links
Official website

Universities and colleges in Maharashtra
Education in Pune
Kung'u Ndung'u. Kung'u Ndung'u is a Kenyan civil engineer and business executive who was appointed as the Director-General of the Kenya National Highways Authority (KeNHA), effective 8 October 2021. He replaced Peter Mundinia who retired. Before his current assignment, Kung'u was the Director of Road Asset and Corridor Management at KeNHA.

Early life and education
Kung'u was born circa 1972. He attended Kenyan primary and secondary schools. He was admitted to the University of Nairobi to study civil engineering, graduating in 1997 with a Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering. Later, he was awarded an Executive Master of Business Administration (Executive MBA), by Jomo Kenyatta University.

Career
Kung'u has spent most of his professional career at KeNHA. He is reported to have overseen the construction of the Dongo Kundu Bypass Highway, the Mwache Bridge Project and the Kitui–Kibwezi Road Project, among others.

It is reported that during the interview for his current position, he demonstrated "wide knowledge" of roads engineering and showed evidence of "leadership and management abilities". He is reported to possess a number of leadership skills, including "prudent financial management, human resource management and good governance".

On 8 October he was appointed as director general at KeNHA for a three-year term, renewable once, if he performs satisfactorily.

Other considerations
Kung'u Ndung'u was named employee of the year in 2017, at Kenya National Highways Authority.

References

External links
 Official website of KeNHA

1972 births
Living people
Kikuyu people
Kenyan civil engineers
Kenyan businesspeople
University of Nairobi alumni
Kenyan business executives
Kenyan chief executives
IBM 30XX mainframe lines. The IBM 30XX mainframe lines are a group of lines of high-end System/370-compatible mainframes.

IBM 303X series - released in 1977.
IBM 308X series - released in 1980.
IBM 3090 series - released in 1985.
IBM ES/3090 series - released in 1988.

See also
 IBM 4300 and IBM 9370 - low-end S/370 compatible mainframe lines
 Midrange computer
Allison Mankin. Allison Mankin is an American computer scientist and prominent figure in the area of Internet governance. She previously served as the Internet Research Task Force (IRTF) Chair and holds numerous leadership positions within the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), which is known for developing Internet standards.

In anticipation of the internet growing beyond the capabilities of then-current IP Addressing schemes, in the mid-1990s Mankin, alongside Scott Bradner, was tasked by the IETF to head the new Internet Protocol Next Generation (IPng) area. The IPng area was tasked with designing and defining the next generation of IP Addressing, eventually publishing their recommendation and coining the name IPv6.

In 1993, Mankin founded the Systers program at the IETF, an informal mentoring and networking initiative for women in tech.

Selected publications 
As of 2022, Mankin has over 3700 citations to her work with an h-index of 29.

References

External links 

Living people
Internet pioneers
American women computer scientists
American computer scientists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Irwin 30 Citation. The Irwin 30 Citation is an American sailboat that was designed by Ted Irwin as a cruiser and first built in 1977.

Production
The design was built by Irwin Yachts in the United States starting in 1977, but it is now out of production.

Design

The Irwin 30 Citation is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass, with wood trim. It has a masthead sloop rig, a raked stem, a plumb transom, a skeg-mounted rudder controlled by a wheel and a fixed shoal draft, optional deep fin keel or keel and centerboard. It displaces  and carries  of ballast.

The deep fin keel-equipped version of the boat has a draft of , while the centerboard-equipped version has a draft of  with the centerboard extended and  with it retracted, allowing operation in shallow water.

The design was factory-fitted with a Japanese Yanmar diesel engine of  for docking and maneuvering. The fuel tank holds  and the fresh water tank has a capacity of .

For sailing downwind the design may be equipped with a symmetrical spinnaker.

The design has a hull speed of .

Operational history
The boat is supported by an active class club, Irwin Yacht Owners.

See also
List of sailing boat types

References

External links

Keelboats
1970s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Sailboat type designs by Ted Irwin
Sailboat types built by Irwin Yachts
Brendel–Bormann oscillator model. The Brendel–Bormann oscillator model is a mathematical formula for the frequency dependence of the complex-valued relative permittivity, sometimes referred to as the dielectric function. The model has been used to fit to the complex refractive index of materials with absorption lineshapes exhibiting non-Lorentzian broadening, such as metals and amorphous insulators, across broad spectral ranges, typically near-ultraviolet, visible, and infrared frequencies. The dispersion relation bears the names of R. Brendel and D. Bormann, who derived the model in 1992, despite first being applied to optical constants in the literature by Andrei M. Efimov and E. G. Makarova in 1983. Around that time, several other researchers also independently discovered the model. The Brendel-Bormann oscillator model is aphysical because it does not satisfy the Kramers–Kronig relations. The model is non-causal, due to a singularity at zero frequency, and non-Hermitian. These drawbacks inspired J. Orosco and C. F. M. Coimbra to develop a similar, causal oscillator model.

Mathematical formulation 
The general form of an oscillator model is given by

where
  is the relative permittivity,
  is the value of the relative permittivity at infinite frequency,
  is the angular frequency,
  is the contribution from the th absorption mechanism oscillator.

The Brendel-Bormann oscillator is related to the Lorentzian oscillator  and Gaussian oscillator , given by

where
  is the Lorentzian strength of the th oscillator,
  is the Lorentzian resonant frequency of the th oscillator,
  is the Lorentzian broadening of the th oscillator,
  is the Gaussian broadening of the th oscillator.

The Brendel-Bormann oscillator  is obtained from the convolution of the two aforementioned oscillators in the manner of
,

which yields

where
  is the Faddeeva function,
 .

The square root in the definition of  must be taken such that its imaginary component is positive. This is achieved by:

References

See also 
 Cauchy equation
 Sellmeier equation
 Forouhi–Bloomer model
 Tauc–Lorentz model
 Lorentz oscillator model

Condensed matter physics
Electric and magnetic fields in matter
Optics
Kathryn McGrath. Kathryn McGrath is a New Zealand chemical scientist. She is deputy vice-chancellor (research) at the University of Technology Sydney, Australia.

Biography 
McGrath was educated at Burnside High School in Christchurch, and went on to study at the University of Canterbury, where she completed a BSc(Hons) degree in chemistry. She then earned a PhD at the Australian National University in Canberra. Her thesis focused on the properties of liquid crystals. After completing her doctoral studies, she held postdoctoral positions at Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris, and Princeton University in the United States.

On returning to New Zealand, McGrath lectured in chemistry at the University of Otago in Dunedin, where she also completed a postgraduate diploma in finance. In 2004, she moved to Victoria University of Wellington where she lectured in the School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, and rose to the rank of full professor. She also held the position of vice-provost (research) and in 2011 was appointed director of the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology. In 2018, she moved to the University of Technology Sydney.

Recognition 
McGrath was awarded the Easterfield Medal by the New Zealand Institute of Chemistry in 2003, and the Research Medal (now Hill Tinsley Medal) by the New Zealand Association of Scientists in 2007. In 2013, she received the Wellington City Council's Gold Inspire Wellington Award. McGrath is a Fellow of the New Zealand Institute of Chemistry.

References 

Living people
People educated at Burnside High School
University of Canterbury alumni
University of Otago alumni
Academic staff of the University of Otago
Year of birth missing (living people)
Women physical chemists
Australian National University alumni
Academic staff of Victoria University of Wellington
Academic staff of the University of Technology Sydney
New Zealand chemists
Australian physical chemists
New Zealand women academics
Australian women academics
Fellows of the New Zealand Institute of Chemistry
Samuel Hall (inventor). Samuel Hall (baptised 1782 – 21 November 1863) was an English inventor and engineer.

Life
Hall was the second son of Robert Hall, a cotton manufacturer and bleacher, of Basford, Nottingham, where he was baptised on 17 March 1782. He was an elder brother of Marshall Hall, the physiologist. He took out patents in 1817 and 1823 for "gassing" lace and net, which consisted in passing the fabric rapidly through a row of gas flames, all the loose fibres being thus removed without damage to the lace. The process exercised an important influence upon the lace trade of Nottingham. It brought much wealth to the inventor, but he unfortunately dissipated his fortune in bringing out other inventions.

In 1838 Hall patented his "surface condenser", in which the steam is condensed by passing it through a number of small tubes cooled on the outside. It was chiefly intended for use at sea, and it was hoped that the difficulties attending the presence of salt in boilers would be obviated by charging them with fresh water at the start of a voyage and then recycling it. The invention was extensively tried out. In 1842 Sir Edward Parry  reported on behalf of the Admiralty that six of Hall's condensers had been fitted in steam packets; that they had given two to six years' service, but had then been removed, because their complexity made them difficult to keep in order. However, the principle of tubular condensers has subsequently been used generally for cooling purposes. His other patents, which number twenty in all, relate chiefly to steam engines and boilers. He died on 21 November 1863 in very reduced circumstances, in Tredegar Square, Bow.

References

Attribution
 

1782 births
1863 deaths
People from Basford, Nottinghamshire
English inventors
Baer (car). Motorenfabrik Paul Baer GmbH was a German engine and automobile manufacturer.

The company was founded in Berlin 1908 to make engines which were supplied to several early automobile manufacturers. Between 1920 and 1926, a small car was built in the city under the brand Baer.

The 4/14 hp car was powered by a 770cc two-cylinder two-stroke engine.

One of the vehicle took part in the small car race at the AVUS in Berlin in 1923.

Gallery

Literature 
 George Nicholas Georgano (Editor-in-chief.): The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile. Band 1: A–F. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, Chicago 2001, ISBN 1-57958-293-1. (English).
 Werner Oswald: Deutsche Autos 1920–1945. 10th edition, Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 3-87943-519-7, p. 434 (German).

References 

Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of Germany
Manufacturing companies based in Berlin
Companies of Prussia
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1920
Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 1926