omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Josep Torrellas. Josep Torrellas (born 1963, Montblanc, Spain) is Professor and Willett Faculty Scholar in the Department of Computer Science and a research faculty for the Universal Parallel Computing Research Center at the University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign. Torrellas's research area is computer architecture, focusing on speculative multithreading, multiprocessor organization, integration of processors and memory, and architectural support for software debuggability and machine reliability. He has been involved in the Stanford DASH and the Illinois Cedar multiprocessor projects, and led the Illinois Aggressive COMA and FlexRAM Intelligent Memory projects.

Torrellas has contributed to many NSF, DARPA and DOE funding initiatives. The Aggressive COMA research project was selected as one of the "Eight Point-Design Studies" that DARPA, NSF, NSA and NASA supported in the mid-nineties in a nationwide effort to accelerate the arrival of a petascale machine. He has received as lead PI several multimillion-dollar NSF grants, and is the lead PI of two medium ITR grants. He has directed projects in several DARPA initiatives, including the recent "Polymorphous Computer Architectures" (PCA), and "High Productivity Computing Systems" (HPCS). In the HPCS program, he is playing a leading role in helping define the architecture of IBM's PERCS multiprocessor (POWER7). He is also involved in DOE's Extreme Scale Computation initiative.

Torrellas has been at the University of Illinois since receiving his PhD in Electrical Engineering from Stanford University in 1992. He also spent a sabbatical year as Research Staff Member at IBM's T.J. Watson Research Center. Torrellas is an IEEE and ACM Fellow and member of the National Computational Science Alliance (NCSA) and the DOE Illinois Center for the Simulation of Advanced Rockets (CSAR). He is currently the Chairman of IEEE Technical Committee on Computer Architecture (TCCA), an Associate Editor of the ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization (TACO), and a Member of the Advisory Board of the ECE Department, University of Rochester. He previously served as Vice-Chairman and Member of the Advisory Board of IEEE TCCA from 1998 to 2005. Torrellas has received an NSF Young Investigator Award, an NSF RIA, and an IBM Partnership Award. He was the recipient of the 2021 Harry H. Goode Memorial Award.

Links
 Universal Parallel Computing Research Center (UPCRC) at Illinois
 i-acoma Architecture Group at the University of Illinois
 Illinois OpenSPARC Center
 Josep Torrellas's Homepage
 Parallel Computing Research at Illinois: The UPCRC Agenda
 Illinois Department of Computer Science

References

University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign faculty
Fellows of the IEEE
IBM employees
Living people
2010 fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
1963 births
Date of birth missing (living people)
Spanish emigrants to the United States
John Appleby (inventor). John Francis Appleby (1840–1917)  was an American inventor who developed a knotting device to bind grain bundles with twine. It became the foundation for all farm grain binding machinery and was used extensively by all the major manufacturers of large grain harvesting machines in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  Appleby's knotting device was a major landmark in the mechanization of agriculture and aided the development of the western wheat fields of the United States.

Background 
John Francis Appleby was born in Westmoreland, New York in 1840. In 1844 his extended family of 17 arrived by boat to Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
When he was just 18, Appleby invented the basic knotting device that would become the foundation for all farm binding machinery, but no one was interested in the idea at the time.

He served with the 23rd Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment in the American Civil War, from 1862 to 1865.  During the war, Appleby invented and patented a manual magazine feed breech loading needle gun.  When the US government rejected the idea, Appleby sold the patent for $500.  The weapon was later used extensively by the Prussian Army.

Grain binder 
After the war, he returned to Wisconsin and by 1874 had developed a successful wire grain binder.  He was unable to gain any financial backing for it because of lack of support from farmers for the use of wire binding because small bits of wire often got into feed grain and were ingested by cattle, causing them harm.

By 1878, Appleby had developed a successful twine binder, which he patented.  Twine binders did not cut into the wheat or, like wire binders, kill cattle that happened to eat a strand.

He licensed the twine binder mechanism to the Gammon and Deering Company, which incorporated it into its Marsh Harvester grain binders and harvesters.  Primarily on the value of Appleby's twine binder, The Deering Harvester Company (as it became known in 1880) outsold its competitors.
 
Appleby's design soon became the standard grain binding device used on machines manufactured by Cyrus McCormick’s McCormick Harvesting Machine Company, Champion Machine Works, and the D.M. Osborne Co.

Later life 
In 1881, Appleby sold his grain binder machine patent interests to Champion Machine.  He continued to work on various inventions, eventually patenting a horse-drawn cotton harvesting machine in 1905.

He died in Chicago in November 1917.

John Appleby is the namesake of the small community of Appleby, South Dakota.

References

External links
Wisconsin Historical Society official website
 Swingle, F. B. "Unbending Backs at Harvest Time" Wisconsin Agriculturalist July 14, 1923; reprinted as "The Invention of the Twine Binder" in The Wisconsin Magazine of History, vol. 10, 1927, Wisconsin Historical Society
 Deering Estate at Cutler.16701 SW 72 Ave.Miami FL 33157USA305-235-1668
 The Wonder Book Of Knowledge, chapter on "Development of the Reaper," Henry Chase. New York:  The John C. Winston Company, 1921.

1917 deaths
1840 births
People of Wisconsin in the American Civil War
People from Chicago
People from Westmoreland, New York
Engineers from Milwaukee
American Creosote Works (Pensacola Plant). The American Creosote Works Superfund site is an inactive wood-treating facility in Pensacola, Florida. The 18-acre site is located about 600 yards north of the confluence of Bayou Chico and Pensacola Bay at 701 S "J" Street.  The Superfund program of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for cleaning up the nation's most contaminated land and responding to environmental emergencies, oil spills, and natural disasters.

History
The plant operated from 1902 until 1981, when the company filed for bankruptcy. Before 1950, creosote was the primary wood preservative chemical, and after 1950 pentachlorophenol (PCP) became the preferred chemical. Prior to 1970, operators discharged liquid process wastes into two onsite, unlined, percolation ponds which were allowed to overflow into Bayou Chico and Pensacola Bay. Later, workers drew wastewaters off the ponds periodically and discharged them into designated "spillage areas" on site. Additional discharges occurred when heavy rainfall flooded the ponds, which then overflowed their dikes. 

EPA placed the site on the Superfund program's National Priorities List (NPL) in 1983 because of contaminated soil and groundwater resulting from facility operations.  

As of 2017, the total cost to remedy the site was estimated to be $35.3 million.

Contamination concerns
The site is in a predominantly residential area with some commercial use, directly south of the intersection of Barrancas Avenue and West Main Street. Though the area is served by municipal water supplies, numerous residents and businesses operate private irrigation wells.  Major contaminants in the soil, sediment, and groundwater are volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), PCP, and dioxins and dioxin-like compounds from the former wood-treating processes.

See also
 List of Superfund sites in Florida

References

Buildings and structures in Pensacola, Florida
Superfund sites in Florida
1902 establishments in Florida
1981 disestablishments in Florida
Agrico Chemical Co.. Agrico Chemical Co. is a Superfund site located in Pensacola, Florida. The facility operated under different companies from 1881 to 1975, when it was shut down by Agrico Chemical Company. 
The EPA found radium-226, radium-228, sulfuric acid, lead and fluorides in the groundwater. The facility produced sulfuric acid from pyrite from 1881 to 1920. The EPA believes that the lead and sulfuric acid came from corroding lead tanks that held the sulfuric acid. From 1920 to 1975, the facility produced fertilizer.

By 1979, all of the equipment had been removed from the site.

The site today

Today the site has one foundation for a warehouse, and two ponds. Next to the foundation is a mini storage center.

References

Pensacola, Florida
Superfund sites in Florida
1881 establishments in Florida
1975 disestablishments in Florida
Denai Alam. Denai Alam is a township located approximately 10 km north of the Shah Alam city centre alongside the Guthrie Corridor Expressway and is a part of Mukim Bukit Raja in Petaling District.

The township was developed by Sime Darby Property, the property development arm of the Malaysian conglomerate, Sime Darby Berhad. The  township is planned based on the “Denai” concept which is 4.8 km of landscaped footpaths for pedestrians and non-motorised vehicles. The Denai concept was inspired by traditional Malay kampong communal living and a low-density development of 8 units per acre. The Denai Alam development was awarded the 2003 Planning Innovation Award by the Malaysian Institute of Planners.

Access
Denai Alam can be accessed from major population centres in Klang Valley either through the Guthrie Corridor Expressway which in turn is connected to the New Klang Valley Expressway, or the NKVE   and the North–South Expressway Central Link, NSECL , () also known as the ELITE Highway or via State Road B9, more popularly known as Jalan Sungai Buloh.

Public transportation
The MRT feeder bus route T772 from MRT Kwasa Sentral station (previously RapidKL bus route T772 from Subang Airport) serve the Denai Alam commercial centre. Aside from that the SA10 bus route know has several bus stops in Denai Alam, allowing access to several secondary schools, namely, SMK Bukit Jelutong and SMK Kampung Melayu Subang.

Public amenities
Based on the development plan, a mosque, a police station, a fire station, two community halls, primary and secondary schools will be built.

External links

 Sime Darby Property – Denai Alam
 Sime Darby Berhad Annual Report 2005
 Rapidkl Area 6 - Shah Alam Utara, Subang, Damansara, PJ Utara, Bangsar
 Denai Alam Residents Association Forum

Petaling District
Townships in Selangor
Zzoom. Zzoom is a computer game developed by John Gibson, Mark Butler and Steve Blower for the ZX Spectrum and released by Imagine Software in 1983. It is a combat flight simulator in which the player controls an aircraft to protect refugees from enemy forces.

Gameplay
The object of the game is to protect a series of refugees from enemy aircraft, tanks and submarines. The player's view consists of a crosshairs upon a simple ground and sky horizon, with an altimeter, a shield indicator and a radar. Refugees walk along the horizon, and the player must fire his guns at enemy units to prevent them from killing the refugees. Score is gained by destroying enemy units, and for refugees crossing the screen safely.

However, due to a bug in the score calculation for refugees, should the player not allow any (or very few) refugees to survive a stage he will be rewarded with a bonus far in excess of what would be scored had the refugees been saved.  To achieve this the player invariably has to shoot the refugees himself - which although not the point of the game can be just as challenging, as whilst doing this the enemy will still be launching missiles and shooting at the player.

Reception
Zzoom was received well by the video game press when it was released in 1983, and it remained among the top twenty best-selling games well into 1984. Crash called it "a very memorable game and excellent value for money", whilst Personal Computer Games described it as "one of the all-time greats in a very competitive market".

References

External links 

1983 video games
Europe-exclusive video games
Imagine Software games
Single-player video games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
ZX Spectrum games
ZX Spectrum-only games
Robot Award. Robot Award is an annual awards event set up by Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) in 2006. It aims to promote research and development for the commercialization of robots and the use of robotics. In 2008, eight winners were selected from 65 applications.

Robots that have provided outstanding services in the past year are eligible for the award. The program selects and recognizes robots that have made, or are highly likely to make, significant contribution to future market development.

In this program, a robot is defined as an intelligent mechanical system that incorporates three technological elements: sensing, intelligence and control, and drive. Robots (and their parts and software) that fall within the following categories are eligible.

 Service Robot - designed for service in offices, homes and public facilities.
 Industrial Robot - designed to take part in manufacturing processes on the shop floor.
 Public and Frontier Robot - designed to work for special purposes, such as survivor search and recovery operations at disaster sites and space and deep-sea exploration.
 Parts and Software - parts and software used in robot manufacture.

The selection process consisting of experts evaluating entries based on contribution to and potential for future market development. The selection criteria include: (a) social needs, (b) value from the user's point of view, and (c) technological innovativeness.

See also

 List of mechanical engineering awards

References

Mechanical engineering awards
Robotics events
Civil Aviation Training Center. Civil Aviation Training Center (CATC) is located in Iran and have bases in Tehran, Ahwaz, Mashhad, Shiraz, Esfahan and Tabriz.

Civil Aviation Training Center was established in 1982 under the aegis of International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the Civil Aviation Training Center is a highly advanced Airport Operation maintenance facility. It provides its students in Private and commercial piloting and regular air service.

Aviation schools
Civil aviation in Iran
Armstrong Siddeley Cougar. The Armstrong Siddeley Cougar was an aero engine developed by Armstrong Siddeley in 1945. The design was a departure from earlier Armstrong Siddeley engines in many ways, it was the company's only nine-cylinder radial design. Although the engine was tested it did not find an aircraft application and was not produced.

Specifications (Cougar)

See also

References

Further reading
 

1940s aircraft piston engines
Aircraft air-cooled radial piston engines
Cougar
Buckeye Manufacturing Company. The Buckeye Manufacturing Company was a company noted for manufacturing gasoline engines and farm implements. It manufactured the engines for its sister company, the Union Automobile Company.

In time the Lambert founded automobile related subsidiary companies such as the Union Automobile Company, the Lambert Automobile Company, and the Lambert Gas and Gasoline Engine Company. Buckeye Manufacturing Company manufactured the components of the cars assembled by these subsidiaries. The company later produced automobiles and it continued until 1917.

History
A single Buckeye gasoline buggy automobile was built by the company in 1890, and offered for sale in 1891, though none were produced.

See also

 Union automobile
 Lambert automobile

References

Sources

Further reading 
 Dolnar, Hugh; The Lambert, 1906 Line of Automobiles; Cycle and Automobile Trade Journal, volume 10, issue 7 (pages=225–229), 1906
 
 
 Nawale,Suraj Dattatray (2014), Multispeed Right Angle Friction Gear, International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research (IJETR) (pages=184–191), volume 2, issue 9, ISSN 2321-0869
 Netterville, J. J., Centennial History of Madison County, IN, Anderson, Indiana, Historian's Association, 1925
 The Horseless Age: The Automobile Trade Magazine, The Horseless Age Company, 1902
 Bailey, L. Scott, Historic Discovery: 1891 Lambert, Claim for America's First Car, "Antique Automobile" magazine, V4, #5, Oct–Nov 1960
 
 
 
 Huffman, Wallace Spencer, Indiana's Place in Automobile History in Indiana History Bulletin, vol 44, no. 2, Feb. 1967; Indianapolis, Indiana Historical Bureau

External links

 Buckeye Manufacturing Co 1915

Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of the United States
Motor vehicle manufacturers based in Indiana
Defunct manufacturing companies based in Indiana
Anderson, Indiana
Manufacturing companies established in 1884
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1902
1884 establishments in Ohio
1900s cars
1910s cars
Historic American Engineering Record in Indiana
Brass Era vehicles
Veteran vehicles
Highwheeler
Propyl propanoate. Propyl propanoate (also known as propyl propionate and n-propyl propionate) is the organic compound with the molecular formula C6H12O2.  It is the ester of propanol and propionic acid. Like most esters, propyl propanoate is a colorless liquid with a fruity odor.  The scent of propyl propionate is described as a chemically tinged pineapple or pear. It is used in perfumery and as a solvent. The refractive index at 20 °C is  1.393.

Because propyl propanoate is a low-odor, moderately volatile ester solvent that is not a hazardous air pollutant (HAP), with good solvent activity and versatility, it is considered a safer substitute for toluene.

References

Propionate esters
Propyl esters
ThalesNano. ThalesNano, Inc. is a company that produces machines for use in chemistry, mainly in the field of flow chemistry. Its headquarters are in Budapest, Hungary with representation in Europe, North America and Asia.
ThalesNano was spun out of ComGenex, Inc in 2002 to commercialize ComGenex’s innovations in the areas of microfluidics, mesofluidics and nanotechnology.

ThalesNano's first productirst product, the H-Cube continuous-flow hydrogenation reactor, won an R&D 100 Award in 2005, and has since been adopted by 20 out of the 20 top pharmaceutical companies.

Since then, a series of modular components have been developed by the company that expand the possibilities provided by the H-Cube, as well as developing a newer version of the initial product (called the H-Cube Pro).

ThalesNano's flow chemistry equipment has received backing from numerous scientific publications.

Notes and references 

Companies based in Budapest
Chemical companies of Hungary
Nanotechnology companies
Hungarian companies established in 2002 
Chemical companies established in 2002
PRISM model checker. PRISM is a probabilistic model checker, a formal verification software tool for the modelling and analysis of systems that exhibit probabilistic behaviour. PRISM was introduced around 2002 in the context of Parker's PhD work and is still under active development (as of 2024). 

One source of such systems is the use of randomization, for example in communication protocols like Bluetooth and FireWire, or in security protocols such as Crowds and Onion routing. Stochastic behaviour also arises in many other computer systems, for example due to equipment failures, unbreliable sensors and actuators, or unpredictable communication delays. PRISM has been used to analyse a diverse range of applications, from robot planning to computer network performance analysis to biochemical reaction networks.

PRISM can be used to analyse several different types of probabilistic models, including discrete-time Markov chains, continuous-time Markov chains, Markov decision processes and probabilistic extensions of the timed automata formalism. It also supports probabilistic models with partial observability and notions of epistemic uncertainty. Properties to be verified against these models are expressed in probabilistic extensions of temporal logic, such as PCTL. PRISM's companion tool PRISM-games provides analysis for stochastic games.

Development of PRISM is led from the University of Oxford. The project originally began at the University of Birmingham. The tool is open-source software, released under the GNU General Public License. PRISM has been selected for the Google Summer of Code programme in 2013 and 2014. The tool and its creators have won several awards: the 2024 ETAPS Test-of-Time Tool Award and the HVC 2016 Award.

The PRISM probabilistic model checker appears unrelated to the PRISM probabilistic logic programming system (PRogramming In Statistical Modelling, introduced in the late 1990s by Sato and collaborators).

References

External links
PRISM website
PRISM-games website
PRISM on GitHub

Model checkers
Free application software
Probabilistic software
Iron oxide cycle. For chemical reactions, the iron oxide cycle (Fe3O4/FeO) is the original two-step thermochemical cycle proposed for use for hydrogen production.
It is based on the reduction and subsequent oxidation of iron ions, particularly the reduction and oxidation between Fe3+ and Fe2+. The ferrites, or iron oxide, begins in the form of a spinel and depending on the reaction conditions, dopant metals and support material forms either Wüstites or different spinels.

Process description
The thermochemical two-step water splitting process uses two redox steps. The steps of solar hydrogen production by iron based two-step cycle are:

 

Where M can by any number of metals, often Fe itself, Co, Ni, Mn, Zn or mixtures thereof. 

The endothermic reduction step (1) is carried out at high temperatures greater than , though the "Hercynite cycle" is capable of temperatures as low as . The  oxidative water splitting step (2) occurs at a lower ~ temperature which produces the original ferrite material in addition to hydrogen gas. The temperature level is realized by using geothermal heat from magma or a solar power tower and a set of heliostats to collect the solar thermal energy.

Hercynite cycle 
Like the traditional iron oxide cycle, the hercynite is based on the oxidation and reduction of iron atoms. However unlike the traditional cycle, the ferrite material reacts with a second metal oxide, aluminum oxide, rather than simply decomposing. The reactions take place via the following two reactions:
 
The reduction step of the hercynite reaction takes place at temperature ~  lower than the traditional water splitting cycle (). This leads to lower radiation losses, which scale as temperature to the fourth power.

Advantages and disadvantages
The advantages of the ferrite cycles are: they have lower reduction temperatures than other 2-step systems, no metallic gasses are produced, high specific H2 production capacity, non-toxicity of the elements used and abundance of the constituent elements.

The disadvantages of the ferrite cycles are: similar reduction and melting temperature of the spinels (except for the hercynite cycle as aluminates have very high melting temperatures), and slow rates of the oxidation, or water splitting, reaction.

See also
 Cerium(IV) oxide-cerium(III) oxide cycle
 Copper-chlorine cycle
 Hybrid sulfur cycle
 Hydrosol-2
 Sulfur-iodine cycle
 Zinc zinc-oxide cycle

References

External links
Solar hydrogen from iron oxide based thermochemical cycles

Chemical reactions
Hydrogen production