omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Enstratius. Enstratius (formerly enStratus) was a cloud computing infrastructure management platform founded in Minneapolis in 2008. It was intended to address governance issues associated with deploying systems in public, private, and hybrid clouds.  
More than twenty public and private clouds are supported, as well as configuration management tools such as Chef and Puppet.  Enstratius supports both SaaS and on-premises deployment models.

Enstratius was headquartered in Eden Prairie, Minnesota, with remote workers across the United States, and offices in Auckland, New Zealand, and Edinburgh, Scotland. It was purchased by Dell in 2013 and ceased operations as a separate entity by 2016.

History 
The company was originally formed in 2008 as enStratus Networks, a spin-off of marketing software maker Valtira. The software forming the backbone of enStratus was a set of cloud management tools that Valtira had developed in support of its cloud operations. The company announced itself publicly at the MinneDemo conference in February 2009 and began accepting on-demand accounts. Co-founders were David Bagley and George Reese.

Enstratius moved from a focus purely on security to the wider problem of governance over multiple cloud computing environments. In 2010, Enstratius spun off part of its intellectual property as an open source project  hosted at  GitHub under the Apache license called Dasein Cloud. Dasein Cloud is a Java abstraction API that Enstratius uses to talk to the clouds it supports.

The company raised a Series A financing of $4.5 million in November 2011 from El Dorado Ventures, Vesbridge Partners, and Citrix. In March 2013, enStratus Networks changed its name to Enstratius, Inc.

In May 2013, the company was acquired by Dell.
Two weeks later, Dell discontinued its own cloud computing service.

In June 2016 Dell shifted the Enstratius product line to support-only. They continue to support customers, but are no longer selling this cloud management platform.

References

External links 
 Official site

Cloud computing providers
Cloud infrastructure
Cloud platforms
Cloud storage
Technology companies established in 2008
Software companies based in Minneapolis
Dell acquisitions
2013 mergers and acquisitions
Technology companies disestablished in 2016
Spreading ground. A spreading ground is a water conservation facility that retains surface water long enough for it to percolate into the soil.  Spreading grounds must be located where underlying soils are permeable and connected to a target aquifer.
Locating them above silt or clay would prevent the surface water from reaching formations that store water.

When natural percolation of precipitation is insufficient to replenish groundwater withdrawn for human use, artificial recharge helps prevent aquifer depletion, subsidence and saltwater intrusion. Spreading grounds are one of several available technologies, and are useful to harness storm water runoff in populated areas with low annual precipitation.
For example, Los Angeles County, California has 27 such facilities, and four more operated in conjunction with the department, many of which date to the 1930s.

While managed aquifer recharge (MAR) projects utilizing storm water and diverted surface water runoff augment groundwater recharge, data suggests that the infiltration capacity of spreading grounds in drought-prone regions is underused due to the seasonality of rainfall. In response, interest is being generated around MAR projects that utilize recycled water to supplement other water sources. Orange County's Groundwater Replenishment System serves as an example of one such system that is combining recycled water and storm water to recharge groundwater through spreading grounds to meet the municipality's annual water needs.

Today, many spreading grounds, which were once considered single-purpose facilities, are being converted to combine municipalities' goals for groundwater recharge with demands for additional recreational opportunities, green space and wildlife habitat. The Dominguez Gap Wetlands in Long Beach, California, which consists of two spreading grounds, is an example of one of these multi-purpose facilities. While the facility's east basin was converted into constructed wetlands (Bixby Marshland (?)), the west basin remains a spreading ground that recharges the local aquifer by an estimated 450-acre feet annually.

References

Water resources management
Charles Monsarrat. Charles Nicholas Monsarrat (July 2, 1871 – March 1, 1940) was a Canadian-born bridge designer.

He was born in Montreal and was educated by private tuition and at the High School of Montreal. Monsarrat joined the Canadian Pacific Railway as a structural draftsman; in 1903, he became chief engineer of bridges. He became a member of the Canadian Society of Civil Engineers (later the Engineering Institute of Canada) in 1898 and was vice-president in 1917. He married Mary Alice Foster in 1898. Monsarrat served with the Royal Highlanders in France during World War I, becoming lieutenant-colonel in 1915. From 1911 to 1918, he was president and chief engineer of the Quebec Bridge Board. Monsarrat also served as a consulting engineer to the Canadian government and to the Canadian National Railway. In 1921, he became a partner in a consulting company with Philip Louis Pratley. The company was responsible for the design and supervision of construction for the Jacques Cartier Bridge at Montreal, the Île d'Orléans Bridge at Quebec City, the Ambassador Bridge between Detroit and Windsor, the Lions Gate Bridge at Vancouver and the Angus L. Macdonald Bridge at Halifax, Nova Scotia.

He died in Montreal at the age of 68.

References 

1871 births
1940 deaths
Canadian civil engineers
High School of Montreal alumni
People from Montreal
Frankfort CG-1. 

The Frankfort CG-1 was a proposed Second World War American transport glider to be built for the United States Army, none were built and the programme was cancelled.

Design and development
When the Army Air Corps started a glider development program in 1941 it ordered two types of transport glider from the Frankfort Sailplane Company, a nine-seat and a 15-seat glider. The smaller glider was to carry a pilot and eight troops and the prototype was designated the XCG-1, the larger glider designated the XCG-2 was to have a pilot and co-pilot and carried 13 troops.

The company was busy with the production of the TG-1 training glider so the development of the two new types was slow but a static test XCG-1 was delivered to Wright Field in December 1941 for testing by the Army. The glider failed structural tests and the Army cancelled the contract for both the CG-1 and CG-2.

Variants
XCG-1
Prototype nine-seat transport glider, one non-flyable static test example only.
XCG-2
Prototype 15-seat transport glider, not built.

See also

References

Note

Bibliography
 

1940s United States military gliders
Glider aircraft
Bowlus CG-8. 

The Bowlus CG-8 was a prototype Second World War American transport glider to be built for United States Army, one was built but the type did not enter production and the programme was cancelled.

Design and development
The Army awarded a contract to Bowlus Sailplanes for an eight-seat and 15-seat transport glider, the smaller glider was designated the XCG-7 and the larger the XCG-8. The company encountered serious problems with the design of the larger XCG-8 and the company asked for assistance from the Douglas Aircraft Company, to no avail as the XCG-8 failed testing and did not enter production. The glider was made from wood and fabric, it was destroyed in a storm in June 1943.

Variants
XCG-8
Prototype 15-seat transport glider, one built.

Specifications (XCG-8)

See also

References

Note

Bibliography
 

1940s United States military transport aircraft
Glider aircraft
Bowlus CG-7. 

The Bowlus CG-7 was a prototype Second World War American transport glider to be built for United States Army, one was built but the type did not enter production and the programme was cancelled.

Design and development
The Army awarded a contract to Bowlus Sailplanes for an eight-seat and 15-seat transport glider, the smaller glider was designated the XCG-7 and the larger the XCG-8.  The XCG-7 was delivered to Wright Field for testing in February 1942 where it failed structural testing, the glider was repaired but failed again. The glider was not ordered into production and the wood and fabric glider was used to test ways of protecting aircraft against lightning at the High Voltage Labaoratory of the National Bureau of Standards.

Variants
XCG-7
Prototype eight-seat transport glider, one built.

Specifications (XCG-7)

See also

References

Note

Bibliography
 

1940s United States military transport aircraft
Glider aircraft
Aeronautica Lombarda AL-12P. 

The Aeronautica Lombarda AL-12P (also known as the Ambrosini AL-12P) was a Second World War Italian transport glider built by the Aeronautica Lombarda for the Italian Army.

Design and development
 The AL-12P was designed by A. Ambrosini and was a high-wing cantilever monoplane with a wood-ribbed fuselage covered with stressed molded plywood. Its wing had a foliated spruce plywood spar and was covered with plywood although the ailerons were fabric covered. It also had large slotted spoilers that could be opened perpendicular above and below the wing. The pilot and co-pilot sat side by side in the nose which is made from plywood-covered welded steel tubes and was hinged to allow cargo to be loaded into the fuselage, a passenger door was fitted on the right hand side of the fuselage. It could carry 12 fully equipped troops or the equivalent weight in equipment. The company built 16 AL-12Ps for the Italian Army.

Ambrosini P.512
 After World War II, S.A.I.-Ambrosini modified at least one AL-12P to be powered by 2 ×  Alfa Romeo 115ter six-cylinder air-cooled engines and fitted with a revised undercarriage with shock absorber struts attached to the engine nacelles braced by V-struts from the fuselage sides.

Specifications (AL-12P / P.512)

See also

References

Note

Bibliography

1940s Italian military transport aircraft
Glider aircraft
High-wing aircraft
AL-12P
Aircraft first flown in 1943
Istituto Superiore Mario Boella. The Istituto Superiore Mario Boella (ISMB) was a center for applied research in the fields of telecommunication engineering and information and communication technologies located in Turin, Italy.

It was founded in 2000 by Intesa Sanpaolo SpA and the Polytechnic University of Turin. In 2019, ISMB was merged with SITI (Istituto Superiore per i Sistemi Territoriali) to create LINKS Foundation. 

In 2019, the institute comprised more than 100 researchers collaborating closely with the academia, industries and the government organizations such as the European Union.

References

Research institutes in Italy
USA-241. USA-241, also known as SBIRS GEO-2, is a United States military satellite and part of the Space-Based Infrared System.

Overview 
The SBIRS satellites are a replacement for the Defense Support Program early warning system. They are intended to detect ballistic missile launches, as well as various other events in the infrared spectrum, including nuclear explosions, aircraft flights, space object entries and reentries, wildfires and spacecraft launches.

Satellite description 
SBIRS-GEO 2 was manufactured by Lockheed Martin Space and is built upon the A2100M satellite bus.

Launch 
SBIRS GEO-2 was launched on 19 March 2013 from Cape Canaveral, atop an Atlas V launch vehicle.

Mission 
In October 2013, the satellite was incorporated into the United States early warning network.

References 

Spacecraft launched in 2013
Reconnaissance satellites of the United States
USA satellites
Early warning satellites
Transcriptor. A transcriptor is a transistor-like device composed of DNA and RNA rather than a semiconducting material such as silicon.  Prior to its invention in 2013, the transcriptor was considered an important component to build biological computers.

Background
To function, a modern computer needs three different capabilities:  It must be able to store information, transmit information between components, and possess a basic system of logic.  Prior to March 2013, scientists had successfully demonstrated the ability to store and transmit data using biological components made of proteins and DNA.  Simple two-terminal logic gates had been demonstrated, but required multiple layers of inputs and thus were impractical due to scaling difficulties.

Invention and description
On March 28, 2013, a team of bioengineers from Stanford University led by Drew Endy announced that they had created the biological equivalent of a transistor, which they named a "transcriptor".  That is, they created a three-terminal device with a logic system that can control other components.  The transcriptor regulates the flow of RNA polymerase across a strand of DNA using special combinations of enzymes to control movement. According to project member Jerome Bonnet, "The choice of enzymes is important. We have been careful to select enzymes that function in bacteria, fungi, plants and animals, so that bio-computers can be engineered within a variety of organisms." 

Transcriptors can replicate traditional AND, OR, NOR, NAND, XOR, and XNOR gates with equivalents, which Endy dubbed "Boolean Integrase Logic (BIL) gates", in a single-layer process (i.e., without requiring multiple instances of the simpler gates to build up more complex ones). Like a traditional transistor, a transcriptor can amplify an input signal.  A group of transcriptors can do almost any type of computing, including counting and comparison.

Impact
Stanford dedicated the BIL gate's design to the public domain, which may speed its adoption.  According to Endy, other researchers were already using the gates to reprogram metabolism when the Stanford team published its research.

Computing by transcriptor is still very slow; it can take a few hours between receiving an input signal and generating an output. Endy doubted that biocomputers would ever be as fast as traditional computers, but added that is not the goal of his research.  "We're building computers that will operate in a place where your cellphone isn't going to work", he said.  Medical devices with built-in biological computers could monitor, or even alter, cell behavior from inside a patient's body.  ExtremeTech writes:

UC Berkeley biochemical engineer Jay Keasling said the transcriptor "clearly demonstrates the power of synthetic biology and could revolutionize how we compute in the future".

References

External links
 - original journal article, published in Science 
Explanatory video created by Drew Endy 
NPR article with series of moving pictures that explain how the transcriptor works
Public domain release of the BIL gates technology

American inventions
DNA nanotechnology
Molecular biology
Theoretical computer science
Zerbe Sextuplane. The Zerbe Sextuplane was an unconventional early aircraft designed by James Slough Zerbe around 1908. The aircraft mounted six wings, heavily staggered, above a framework on which the pilot sat; propulsion was provided by a single propeller mounted in a tractor configuration. No record survives of the Sextuplane's performance.

References

Sextuplane
Multiplane aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
1900s United States experimental aircraft
Unflown aircraft
John Edward Schwitzer. John Edward Schwitzer (April 1870 – January 1911) was assistant chief engineer for the Canadian Pacific Railway in the early 1900s. He was known for two major projects on the CPR, both that removed costly bottlenecks on the routes.

One of those was the Lethbridge Viaduct or High Level Bridge in Lethbridge, Alberta, which was built over the Oldman River valley to shorten the CP Crowsnest Line between Lethbridge and Fort Macleod by over 8 km. This eliminated a problematic series of smaller wood bridges used on the old route. A smaller bridge, similar to the one in Lethbridge, was built near Monarch, Alberta as part of the rerouting.

Another project which he is most noted for was the Spiral Tunnels, which eliminated the infamous Big Hill, where the mainline dropped on a 4.4% grade near Field, British Columbia. The tunnels allowed the grade to drop to 2.2%, making it a more safer and less-costly route.

Both projects were completed in 1909, months apart from each other.
In January 1911, Schwitzer was appointed CP's Chief Engineer. However, he died of complications from pneumonia a few weeks later.

References

http://www.canadiangreatwarproject.com/searches/soldierDetail.asp?Id=20211

Canadian engineers
1911 deaths
1870 births
Rio de Janeiro-São Paulo air bridge. The Rio de Janeiro-São Paulo Aerial Bridge () is a Brazilian air shuttle run by various airlines between Santos Dumont airport in Rio de Janeiro and Congonhas airport in São Paulo. It was inaugurated on 5 July 1959 by the airlines Varig, Cruzeiro do Sul and VASP making it the first air shuttle in the world.
It is now operated by LATAM, Gol and Azul. More than 120 flights operate daily between the two cities with an average of one flight every 10 minutes, between the hours of 06:00 and 22:00.

On February 10, 2007, Gol introduced the Boeing 737-800 Short Field Performance (SFP) aircraft into the service.
This model was developed by Boeing at the request of the company as Santos Dumont airport has one of the shortest commercial runways in the world at .

References

Aviation in Brazil
Airline routes
Society of Satellite Professionals International. The Space & Satellite Professionals International or SSPI  is a nonprofit organization, made up of members who work as professionals in the satellite industry throughout their careers. It is headquartered in New York City, United States. SSPI has Chapters and Affiliates in North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and Africa.

History
The Space & Satellite Professionals International was founded in the US in 1983, with Sir Arthur C. Clarke, creator of the satellite concept, as its honorary chairman. It was founded to serve as a professional network in a young industry that was on the verge of substantial growth. Today, SSPI has over 3,000 members in more than 40 nations.

Awards
SSPI currently recognizes individuals and organizations for their contribution to the space industry through five different awards. 
 Space & Satellite Hall of Fame: Recognizing individuals whose career accomplishments have shaped the industry of today.
 20 Under 35: Honoring 20 most promising executives and entrepreneurs of the year age 35 and under in the space and satellite industry.
 Promise and Mentor Awards: To the top three executives and entrepreneurs from each year's 20 Under 35 and the mentors who help them advance.
 Better Satellite World Awards: Honoring established companies and disruptive innovators for continuing to make our world a more prosperous, healthier, better-educated, more sustainable and inclusive home for all humankind.
 Inspire Award: To honor artists in visual, literary, and performing arts whose work has inspired the people of the space and satellite industry.

In 2013, the SSPI included five new members in its Satellite Hall of Fame. They were Romain Bausch, Robert Zitter, Susan Irwin, U. R. Rao, and Dick Tauber.

References

External links
 Space & Satellite Professionals International 

Space organizations
Space scientists
Professional associations based in the United States
Monokub. Monokub () is a computer motherboard based on the Russian Elbrus 2000 computer architecture, which form the basis for the Monoblock PC office workstation. 

The motherboard has a miniITX formfactor and contains a single Elbrus-2C+ microprocessor with a clock frequency of 500 MHz. The memory controller provides a dual-channel memory mode. The board has two DDR2-800 memory slots, which enables up to 16 GB of RAM memory (using ECC modules). It also supports expansion boards using PCI Express x16 bus. In addition there is an on-board Gigabit  Ethernet interface, 4 USB 2.0, RS-232 interface, DVI connector and audio input/output ports.

References

Motherboard
Embedded systems
Star Trek: The Next Generation Interactive Technical Manual. Star Trek: The Next Generation Interactive Technical Manual is a multimedia application software program published by Simon and Schuster Interactive in 1994. Based on the then-recently ended TV series Star Trek: The Next Generation, it allows users to explore a computer-generated simulation of the spacecraft USS Enterprise NCC-1701-D, the principal setting of the series. The software uses Apple Computer's QuickTime VR, a technology which enables users to view every side of 3D rendered objects, and includes a virtual tour given by Jonathan Frakes (in his role as William Riker from the TV series). The Interactive Technical Manual was billed as the first CD-ROM title built with QuickTime VR.

History
The software was created by Keith Halper, Mike Okuda, Rick Sternbach, John Knoll; Eric Zarakov and the Apple Advanced Technology Group; Peter Mackey and the Imergy Software Development Team. Technical writers, set designers, and film production crews from the Star Trek: The Next Generation TV series assisted in the production. Halper said at the time that QuickTime VR enabled the team to "create immersive experiences" impossible otherwise.

The CD-ROM was one of three finalists for PC Magazines 12th Annual Awards for Technical Excellence, as it was the first implementation of Apple's QuickTime VR technology. It was a commercial hit, with global sales in excess of 400,000 units by 1996.

A port of the program was announced for the Apple Bandai Pippin and was one of the console's most high-profile titles, but was ultimately never released.

References

External links

Star Trek: The Next Generation