omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Super Mai Khola Cascade Hydropower Station. Super Mai Khola Cascade Hydropower Station (Nepali: सुपर माई खोला क्यसकेड जलविद्युत आयोजना) is a run-of-the-river hydro-electric plant located in Ilam District of Nepal. The flow from Mai River is used to generate 3.8 MW electricity.

The plant is owned and developed by Mai Khola Hydropower Pvt. Ltd., an IPP of Nepal. The plant started generating electricity from 2077-03-31BS. The generation licence will expire in 2110-11-04 BS, after which the plant will be handed over to the government.  The power station is connected to the national grid and the electricity is sold to Nepal Electricity Authority.

Finance
The project cost was NPR 55.75 crore, of which 41.75 crore was financed by the bank and the rest was private equity from the developer.

See also

List of power stations in Nepal

References

Hydroelectric power stations in Nepal
Gravity dams
Run-of-the-river power stations
Dams in Nepal
Irrigation in Nepal
Buildings and structures in Ilam District
Mai Khola Small Hydropower Station. Mai Khola Small Hydropower Station (Nepali: माई खोला सानो जलविद्युत आयोजना) is a run-of-the-river hydro-electric plant located in Ilam District of Nepal. The flow from Mai River is used to generate 8 MW electricity. The plant is owned and developed by Himal Dolkha Hydropower Company Pvt Ltd, an IPP of Nepal. 

The plant started generating electricity in 2064-10-14 BS. The generation licence will expire in 2099-08-19 BS, after which the plant will be handed over to the government.  The power station is connected to the national grid and the electricity is sold to Nepal Electricity Authority.

See also

List of power stations in Nepal

References

Hydroelectric power stations in Nepal
Gravity dams
Run-of-the-river power stations
Dams in Nepal
Irrigation in Nepal
Buildings and structures in Ilam District
Chatara Hydropower Station. Chatara Hydropower Station(नेपालीः चतरा जलविद्युत आयोजना) is a canal drop type power station having an installed capacity of 3.2 MW. The power station was commissioned in the year 1996 AD and was handed over to Nepal Electricity Authority by Sunsari Morang Irrigation Project on 29 March 1999. This power station is supplying electricity to local area through Chatara feeder.

The plant was repaired in 2073BS by replacing the turbines.

See also

List of power stations in Nepal

References

Hydroelectric power stations in Nepal
Gravity dams
Run-of-the-river power stations
Dams in Nepal
Irrigation in Nepal
1996 establishments in Nepal
Buildings and structures in Sunsari District
Vermitechnology. Vermitechnology is an overarching term for the following subtopics:
 Vermifiltration: A process for purifying effluent that utilises earthworms (also called vermidigestion)
 Vermicomposting: Utilising earthworms for composting organic material
 Vermiculture: the commercial rearing of earthworms to be used for other processes e.g. fishing

Vermitechnology includes the study and commercial application of technologies that utilise earthworms for degrading waste organic materials for sanitation and agricultural re-use. Organic wastes degraded and stabilised by earthworms include those suspended or dissolved in water and also solid organic material.

References

Annelids
Soil biology
French frigate Amiral Charner. Amiral Charner (F 727) was a  of the French Navy. She was later transferred to National Navy of Uruguay in 1991 and renamed Montevideo. The ship was scrapped in 2016.

Development and design 

The main gun armament of the Commandant Rivière class consisted of three of the new French  guns, with a single turret located forward and two turrets aft. These water-cooled automatic dual-purpose guns could fire a  shell at an effective range of  against surface targets and  against aircraft at a rate of 60 rounds per minute. A quadruple  anti-submarine mortar was fitted in 'B' position, aft of the forward gun and in front of the ship's superstructure, capable of firing a  depth charge to  or in the shore bombardment role, a  projectile to . Two triple torpedo tubes were fitted for anti-submarine torpedoes, while the ship's armament was completed by two  Hotchkiss HS-30 cannon. The ships had accommodation for an 80-man commando detachment with two fast landing boats, each capable of landing 25 personnel.

Construction and career 
Amiral Charner was laid down in November 1958 and launched on 12 March 1960 at Arsenal de Lorient in Lorient. The vessel was commissioned on 14 December 1962.

The frigate was sold to Uruguay in 1991 and given the new name Montevideo. The ship remained in service until 2008. She was sold for scrap in 2016.

References

1960 ships
Commandant Rivière-class frigates
SNCF Class BB 25200. The BB 25200 is a class of electric locomotives in service with the French railways SNCF, built by Materiel de Traction Electrique (MTE) between 1967 and 1976. They are dual voltage locomotives working off both 1500 V DC and 25 kV 50 Hz AC. Designed by André Jacquemin, the class is a development of the earlier BB 25100 and BB 25150 locomotives with a higher top speed, being capable of . It is the dual voltage equivalent of the BB 9200 and BB 16000 classes.

Construction
The initial batch of 45 locomotives, numbers BB 25201–BB 25246, was built between 1965 and 1967. Subsequently, a further 5, numbers BB 25247–BB 25251, were built in 1975.  In addition 4 Class BB 25150, numbers BB 25180, BB 25184, BB 25194 and BB 25195, were converted in 2003.

Service use

They were first used on passenger services from Paris to Le Mans and Rennes until replaced by Class BB 22200 locomotives. After that they were redeployed to other services from Paris, mainly to Le Havre.

In 1987, 18 members of the class, BB 25201, BB 25202 and BB 25236–BB 25251, were converted to push-pull operation and redesignated as Class BB 25200R. They were allocated to Chambéry for services between Grenoble and Lyon. In addition they worked services out of Paris to Beauvais, Le Mans and Rennes. The class had all been withdrawn by 2012.

Names
Four members of the class received names.

References

25200
B-B locomotives
25200
BB 25200
Standard gauge locomotives of France
Passenger locomotives
INS Magen. INS Magen () is a  of the Israeli Navy's Shayetet 3 fleet. She is the first ship of her class to be commissioned.

Development and design 

The Sa'ar 6-class corvettes' design will be loosely based on the German , but with engineering changes to accommodate Israeli-built sensors and missiles such as the Barak 8 and the naval Iron Dome system. Elbit Systems has been awarded the contract to design and build the electronic warfare (EW) suites for the ships.

The Sa'ar 6-class vessels have a displacement of almost 1,900 tons at full load and is  long. They are armed with an Oto Melara 76 mm main gun, two Typhoon Weapon Stations, 32 vertical launch cells for Barak-8 surface-to-air missiles, 40 cells for the C-Dome point defense system, 16 anti-ship missiles Gabriel V. the EL/M-2248 MF-STAR AESA radar, and two  torpedo launchers. They have hangar space and a platform able to accommodate a medium class SH-60-type helicopter.

Construction and career 
She was laid down on 7 February 2018 and launched on 12 May 2019 at German Naval Yards and ThyssenKrupp in Kiel. She was handed over to Israeli Navy on 2 December and commissioned on 11 November 2020. In Haifa in September 2022, the vessel's 76/62 rapid-fire main gun was ceremonially accepted for her and her sister ship Oz.

Operational history 
In February 2022, the INS Magen took part in an exercise in the Mediterranean. Among other things, missile defense and unmanned vehicles were tested. During the exercise, training was given to repel missiles from Iran.

It was also deployed in the red sea following Houthi attacks on Israeli and non-Israeli ships during the Red Sea crisis

On 8 April 2024 the C-Dome battery of the Sa'ar 6-class corvette INS Magen scored the first operational interception of the system when it shot down a UAV drone near Eilat.

Gallery

References

2019 ships
Sa'ar 6-class corvettes
Yongfu Power Station. Yongfu Power Station (), also known as Guodian Yongfu Power Plant or  Yongfu Power Plant, is a Chinese thermal power plant located at Yongfu County. The power plant belongs to China Energy Investment Corporation.

History
Construction of Yongfu Power Station began in July 1998. In the first phase of the plant, two 125,000-kilowatt modified ultra-high pressure units were completed and put into operation in 2000.  

The 2×300MW sub-critical coal-fired units in the second phase of the project were put into operation in 2007.  

In 2008, the project of using high-efficiency and low-consumption large units and shutting down high-consumption and low-efficiency small units in Yongfu Power Plant was formally approved by the National Development and Reform Commission, with a total investment of 2.69 billion yuan.

In November 2013, China Guodian Corporation and Électricité de France jointly built the third phase of Yongfu Power Station, with a total investment of approximately 2.8 billion yuan.

References 

Coal-fired power stations in China
2000 establishments in China
Energy infrastructure completed in 2000
BE8. BE8 or BE-8 may refer to:
 Beryllium-8 (Be-8 or 8Be), an isotope of beryllium
 Brazilian destroyer escort Bocaina (BE-8), formerly USS Marts
 Beriev Be-8, a 1947 Soviet aircraft
 An endianness mode for the ARM architecture
 The index number for The Nose Book in the Beginner Books collection
Grace Hopper (submarine communications cable). Grace Hopper is a private transatlantic communications cable that connects the United States of America (New York) with the UK (Bude) and Spain (Bilbao). It was announced by Google in 2020 and scheduled to go live in 2022. The US to UK (Bude) leg went live on 27 September 2022.

History
In July 2020, Google announced that it would be investing in a new private subsea cable — Grace Hopper — its fourth private subsea cable after Curie (which was completed in 2019), Dunant, and Equiano. The Grace Hopper cable, which links America with the UK and Spain was named after the American pioneering computer scientist Grace Brewster Murray Hopper, who was known for developing an early compiler that was important in the development of COBOL. Google said it was: "thrilled to honor Grace Hopper’s legacy of innovation by investing in the future of transatlantic communications with a state-of-the-art fiber optic cable".

Google stated that the cable would provide better resilience for its network and marked its first investment in a private subsea cable route to the UK, and its first route to Spain. The cable, which went live in 2022, integrated the new Google Cloud region in Madrid more tightly into Google's global infrastructure. Google's Jayne Stowell also has stated that another motivation for the investment is that many of the existing transatlantic cables are aging and need to be upgraded. “We need to be able to proactively manage the capacity availability, quality, latency, routing, technology and scalability of our network to provide constant, uninterruptible and high quality of network to Google services like Meet, Gmail and Google Cloud,” she said. Telecoms industry analysts have said that the main purpose of Google's subsea cable investments in cables such as Grace Hopper are twofold: to support and control quality of service and to reduce costs.

Specifications
The Grace Hopper cable consists of 16 fiber pairs (32 fibers) of 22 Tbit/s each (352 Tbit/s total) and optical switching that increases its reliability and also enable Google to more easily move traffic around during outages. This technology was developed in co-operation with SubCom, formerly a TE Connectivity company, who built the cable and which also worked with Google on the Dunant and Curie cables.

The cable route comprises a 6,250 km stretch from New York to Widemouth Bay, Cornwall and a 6,300 km route between New York and Bilbao.

Owing to works managed by Telxius, the cable landed in Sopelana (near Bilbao) on 10 September 2021. It later landed near GCHQ Bude on 14 September 2021, with the location chosen as it was "an ideal, nicely protected beach and adjacent to a lot of the terrestrial infrastructure needed".

See also 
 Dark fibre
 Submarine communications cable
 Transatlantic communications cable

References 

Transatlantic communications cables
2022 establishments in New York (state)
2020 establishments in the United Kingdom
2020 establishments in Spain
Frédéric Reech. Frédéric Reech (9 September 1805 – 6 May 1884)  was a French mathematician, naval engineer and professor who made contributions to thermodynamics and hydraulics. He was among the first to examine the effect of scaling of models of ships, noting the proportionality with the speed of a fluid and the inverse of the square root of its length as a law of comparison in a little-known work in 1831 which is sometimes called the Reech-Froude number. He published a number of treatises in physics including Théorie des machines motrices (1869).

Reech was born in Lambertsloch and went to the Ecole polytechnique and after graduating in 1823 he went to study maritime engineering at Brest in 1825. He worked in the navy and worked at Cherbourg and Lorient. He taught at the maritime engineering school, dealing with mechanics, thermodynamics, and hydrodynamics. After serving at the school for thirty nine years he was transferred to Paris in 1854 and also taught at Sorbonne. He was made Commander of the Legion of Honour on 12 August 1857. 

In the comparison of the models of ship hulls, he noted the constant of proportionality that is now more often associated with the work of Froude but also sometimes called the Reech-Froude number. He was once described as "probably the man in the whole world most profoundly conversant with the whole mathematics and mechanics of naval architecture". 

He returned in 1870 and moved to Lorient due to the German occupation of home in Alsace. He died at Lorient but was buried in Soultz-sous-Forêts near his home.

References

External links 
 Biography (in French) 

French engineers
1805 births
1884 deaths
Recipients of the Legion of Honour
German corvette Köln. Köln (F265) is the sixth ship of the Braunschweig-class corvette of the German Navy.

Developments 

The K130 Braunschweig class (sometimes Korvette 130) is Germany's newest class of ocean-going corvettes. Five ships have replaced the  of the German Navy.

They feature reduced radar and infrared signatures ("stealth" beyond the s) and will be equipped with two helicopter UAVs for remote sensing. Recently, the German Navy ordered a first batch of two UMS Skeldar V-200 systems for the use on the Braunschweig-class corvettes. The hangar is too small for standard helicopters, but the pad is large enough for Sea Kings, Lynx, or NH-90s, the helicopters of the German Navy.

The German Navy has ordered the RBS-15 Mk4 in advance, which will be a future development of the Mk3 with increased range —— and a dual seeker for increased resistance to electronic countermeasures. The RBS-15 Mk3 has the capability to engage land targets.

In October 2016 it was announced that a second batch of five more frigates is to be procured from 2022 to 2025. The decision was in response to NATO requirements expecting Germany to provide a total of four corvettes at the highest readiness level for littoral operations by 2018, and with only five corvettes just two can be provided.

In September 2017, the German Navy commissioned the construction of five more corvettes in a consortium of North German shipyards. Lürssen will be the main contractor in the production of the vessels. The contract is worth around 2 billion euros. In April 2018, the German government announced the specific arrangements under which the five new K130s would be built.

Construction and career 
Köln's construction started in February and later laid down on 25 April 2019 by Lürssen-Werft in Bremen. Her forecastle was built by Blohm+Voss and towed to Bremen to be assembled and launched on 20 October 2020. She had been expected to be commissioned in 2023. However, in September 2022 it was reported that increasing difficulties in integrating the command and control systems for the Batch 2 ships had resulted in a cost growth of 401 million Euros and at least a two year delay for the completion of Köln.

As of 31 October 2020, she was fitting out at Hamburg. She began initial sea trials in July 2023, though her projected full in service date likely remained 2025.

References 

Corvettes
Stealth ships
Braunschweig-class corvettes
2020 ships
German corvette Emden. Emden (F266) is the seventh ship of the Braunschweig-class corvette of the German Navy.

Developments 

The K130 Braunschweig class (sometimes Korvette 130) is Germany's newest class of ocean-going corvettes. Five ships have replaced the  of the German Navy.

They feature reduced radar and infrared signatures ("stealth" beyond the s) and will be equipped with two helicopter UAVs for remote sensing. Recently, the German Navy ordered a first batch of two UMS Skeldar V-200 systems for the use on the Braunschweig-class corvettes. The hangar is too small for standard helicopters, but the pad is large enough for Sea Kings, Lynx, or NH-90s, the helicopters of the German Navy.

The German Navy has ordered the RBS-15 Mk4 in advance, which will be a future development of the Mk3 with increased range —— and a dual seeker for increased resistance to electronic countermeasures. The RBS-15 Mk3 has the capability to engage land targets.

In October 2016 it was announced that a second batch of five more frigates is to be procured from 2022 to 2025. The decision was in response to NATO requirements expecting Germany to provide a total of four corvettes at the highest readiness level for littoral operations by 2018, and with only five corvettes just two can be provided.

In September 2017, the German Navy commissioned the construction of five more corvettes in a consortium of North German shipyards. Lürssen will be the main contractor in the production of the vessels. The contract is worth around 2 billion euros. In April 2018, the German government announced the specific arrangements under which the five new K130s would be built.

Construction and career 
Emden's construction started in late 2019 and later laid down on 30 January 2020 by Lürssen-Werft in Bremen. Her forecastle was built by Blohm+Voss and towed to Bremen to be assembled. She had been expected to be commissioned in 2025. However, in September 2022 it was reported that increasing difficulties in integrating the command and control systems for the Batch 2 ships had resulted in a cost growth of 401 million Euros and at least a two year delay for the completion of the lead Batch 2 vessel, and potentially cascading delays for the next two ships in the Batch 2 program (including Emden) as well.

On 13 October 2020, she started being towed to Hamburg for assembly with her aft section. She arrived on 17 at Hamburg and on 21 of the same month her assembly started to take place.

References 

Corvettes
Stealth ships
Braunschweig-class corvettes
HMAS Hunter. HMAS Hunter (FFG) is the lead ship of the Hunter-class frigate/destroyer of the Royal Australian Navy.

Development and design 

The Hunter-class frigate is a future class of frigates/destroyers for the Royal Australian Navy (RAN), partly to replace the Anzac-class and as a supplement to Hobart-class destroyers. Construction is expected to begin in 2020, with the first of nine vessels to enter service in the late 2020s. The Program is expected to cost AU$35 billion and a request for tender was released in March 2017 to three contenders: Navantia, Fincantieri, and BAE Systems as part of a competitive evaluation process.

The Hunter-class frigate will be an Australian variation of the Type 26 class frigate that is to be operated by the Royal Navy from the mid-2020s. The class will have a  full load displacement and will be approximately  in length. The vessel will be capable of sailing in excess of  and will have a full complement of 180 crew.

Construction and career 
Hunter was ordered on 30 June 2018 and named after Vice Admiral John Hunter. She will be built by BAE Systems Australia in Osborne. First steel was cut on prototype blocks in December 2021. The first steel that will actually be used in Hunter was cut in June 2024. The ship had been expected to be commissioned in 2031 but is only projected to be operational in 2034.

References 

Frigates
Hunter-class frigates
HMAS Flinders (FFG). HMAS Flinders (FFG) is the second ship of the Hunter-class frigate/destroyer of the Royal Australian Navy.

Development and design 

The Hunter-class frigate is a future class of frigates/destroyers for the Royal Australian Navy (RAN), partly to replace the Anzac-class and as a supplement to Hobart-class destroyers. Construction is expected to begin in 2020, with the first of nine vessels to enter service in the late 2020s. The Program is expected to cost AU$35 billion and a request for tender was released in March 2017 to three contenders: Navantia, Fincantieri, and BAE Systems as part of a competitive evaluation process.

The Hunter-class frigate will be an Australian variation of the Type 26 class frigate that is to be operated by the Royal Navy from the mid-2020s. The class will have a  full load displacement and will be approximately  in length. The vessel will be capable of sailing in excess of  and will have a full complement of 180 crew.

Construction and career 
Flinders was ordered on 30 June 2018 and named after Captain Matthew Flinders. She will be built by BAE Systems Australia in Osborne. Contract was signed on 21 June 2024.

References 

Frigates
Hunter-class frigates
German corvette Karlsruhe. Karlsruhe (F267) is the eighth ship of the Braunschweig-class corvette of the German Navy.

Developments 

The K130 Braunschweig class (sometimes Korvette 130) is Germany's newest class of ocean-going corvettes. Five ships have replaced the  of the German Navy.

They feature reduced radar and infrared signatures ("stealth" beyond the s) and will be equipped with two helicopter UAVs for remote sensing. Recently, the German Navy ordered a first batch of two UMS Skeldar V-200 systems for the use on the Braunschweig-class corvettes. The hangar is too small for standard helicopters, but the pad is large enough for Sea Kings, Lynx, or NH-90s, the helicopters of the German Navy.

The German Navy has ordered the RBS-15 Mk4 in advance, which will be a future development of the Mk3 with increased range —— and a dual seeker for increased resistance to electronic countermeasures. The RBS-15 Mk3 has the capability to engage land targets.

In October 2016 it was announced that a second batch of five more frigates is to be procured from 2022 to 2025. The decision was in response to NATO requirements expecting Germany to provide a total of four corvettes at the highest readiness level for littoral operations by 2018, and with only five corvettes just two can be provided.

In September 2017, the German Navy commissioned the construction of five more corvettes in a consortium of North German shipyards. Lürssen will be the main contractor in the production of the vessels. The contract is worth around 2 billion euros. In April 2018, the German government announced the specific arrangements under which the five new K130s would be built.

Construction and career 
Karlsruhe's construction started in 2020 and later laid down on 6 October 2020 by Lürssen-Werft in Bremen.
In September 2022 it was reported that increasing difficulties in integrating the command and control systems for the Batch 2 ships had resulted in a cost growth of 401 million Euros and at least a two year delay for the completion of the lead Batch 2 vessel, and potentially cascading delays for the next two ships in the Batch 2 program (including Karlsruhe) as well. The ship was christened in May 2024 in Hamburg.

References 

Corvettes
Stealth ships
Braunschweig-class corvettes