omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Marshall Rose. Marshall T. Rose (born 1961) is an American network protocol and software engineer, author, and speaker who has contributed to the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), the Internet, and Internet and network applications. More specifically, he has specialized in network management, distributed systems management, applications management, email, the ISO Development Environment (ISODE), and service-oriented architecture (SOA).

Rose holds a Ph.D. in Information and Computer Science from the University of California, Irvine and is former area director for network management of the IETF.

Rose is presently Principal Engineer at Brave (web browser).

IETF
Rose's work on behalf of the Internet Engineering Task Force has included:
 Area Director for network management, 1993-1995.
 Chair, MARID, MTA Authorization Records in DNS. IETF working group, Applications area. Concluded September 2004.
 Chair, OPES, Open Pluggable Edge Services. IETF working group, Applications area.
 Chair, POP, Post Office Protocol. IETF working group, Applications area. Concluded April 1993.
 Chair, SNMP, Simple Network Management Protocol. IETF working group, Network Management area. Concluded November 1991.

Books
Rose has written the following published books:

External links
 Marshall Rose on Twitter
 Marshall Rose's GitHub Profile
 Marshall Rose's profile at IETF

References 

1961 births
Living people
University of California, Irvine alumni
People in information technology
American software engineers
21st-century American writers
Engineers from California
Bachelor of Electrical Engineering. Bachelor of Electrical Engineering (B.E.E. or BEE) is an undergraduate academic degree offered to a student who completes three to five years of study in electrical engineering at a university or college. 

There are many institutes offering Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering (B.S.E.E. or B.Sc.E.E.) or Bachelor of Engineering in Electrical Engineering (B.E.E.E.).

Duration
Program duration varies throughout the world depending upon the education curriculum. For example, in the US, this course requires four years to complete. On the other hand, in the UK, it takes three years to complete. 

In some countries, it takes five  years to complete. Study topics normally covered in this course include Direct Current, Alternating Current, Electrical Machines, AC & DC Motors, Transformers, Generators, Rotating Devices, Power Engineering, Power Transmission and Power Distribution.

References

External links
PDH Courses For Engineers

Engineering education
Electrical engineering
Electrical Engineering
Mechanical similarity. In classical mechanics, a branch overlapping in physics and applied mathematics, mechanical similarity occurs when the potential energy is a homogeneous function of the positions of the particles, with the result that the trajectories of the particles in the system are geometrically similar paths, differing in size but retaining shape.

Consider a system of any number of particles and assume that the interaction energy between any pair of particles has the form 

where r is the distance between the two particles. In such a case the solutions to the equations of motion are a series of geometrically similar paths, and the times of motion t at corresponding points on the paths are related to the linear size l of the path by

Examples
 The period of small oscillations (k = 2) is independent of their amplitude.
 The time of free fall under gravity (k = 1) is proportional to the square root of the initial altitude.
 The square of the time of revolution of the planets (k = −1) is proportional to the cube of the orbital size.

See also
 Virial theorem

References
 Landau LD and Lifshitz EM (1976) Mechanics §10, 3rd. ed., Pergamon Press.  (hardcover) and  (softcover).

Classical mechanics
Air Transport Charter. Air Transport Charter (C.I.) Limited was a Jersey based charter and cargo airline from 1947 to 1950.

History 
The company was formed in 1947 to carry out passenger and cargo charters from the Channel Islands mainly to England. Operations ceased in 1950.

Fleet 
 de Havilland Dragon Rapide
Reg'n G-AIUL, G-AGWC, G-AJWC, G-AHPT, G-AJFK, G-AFFB, 
 Douglas DC-3
Reg'n G-AJBH, G-AJVZ, G-AJBG
 Miles Aerovan

Accidents and incidents

On 20 May 1948 a Douglas Dakota 3 cargo aircraft registration G-AJBG from Valence to Bovingdon carrying fruit, crashed into a tree while doing a circuit at Bovingdon at night and in low cloud.
On 27 March 1951 a Douglas Dakota 3 cargo aircraft registered G-AJVZ en route from Ringway Airport, Manchester, England, to Nutts Corner Airport, Antrim, Northern Ireland, crashed shortly after take-off on a newspaper flight following the failure of the aircraft to gain height. There were four fatalities, two of the three crew on board and two of the three passengers.

See also
 List of defunct airlines of the United Kingdom

References

Notes

Bibliography

 

 
Defunct airlines of the United Kingdom
Airlines established in 1947
Airlines disestablished in 1950
1947 establishments in Jersey
1950 disestablishments in Jersey
Semiconductor ring laser. Semiconductor ring lasers (SRLs) are miniature ring laser devices with potential applications in optoelectronics, photonics and all-optical circuits. The first SRLs were developed in the 1980s. Recently, they have been of interest as potential random-access memory storage devices for all-optical computers.

Semiconductor ring lasers are literally ring-shaped optical waveguides with a lasing medium. They have the ability to trap light in a ring, and recirculate it continuously as long as they remain powered. The material of choice for SRLs is indium phosphide. SRLs can be square with corner reflectors, or, as is more common with the smaller designs, have a curved, "racetrack" shape. Devices are currently on the order of a 100 micrometres, but further miniaturization should be possible using existing silicon microelectronics technology.

In the summer of 2010 researchers Dr. Muhammad Maqbool and Kyle Main of Ball State University and Dr. Martin Kordesch of Ohio University were able to successfully develop the first Aluminum Nitride SRL on the order of 20 micrometers in diameter. This SRL was constructed by depositing a 4 micrometer thick semi conducting Aluminum-Nitride film doped with Ti+3 ions onto a stretched fiber optic cable of 12 micrometer diameter. This SRL was shown to have considerable gain and a low threshold pump power, making it a highly efficient laser system. The light was confined only to the film and did not reflect off of the outer surface of the optical fiber. Such an arrangement is called a "Whispering Gallery Mode". Maqbool and Main plan to expand their work to include the development of nano scale SRLs on carbon nanotubes.

SRLs may serve as the basis of a new form of optical random access memory. The direction of circulation of light (clockwise or counterclockwise) would indicate the polarity of the bit (0 or 1). Due in part to the bistable and highly non-linear nature of the devices, they can be fed a starting signal from either direction. The directionality is maintained as long as the device remains powered. Other potential applications include "a digital response device that reshapes optical signals that have become distorted, effectively acting as a gate." and a device for resynchronizing optical signals to eliminate timing "jitter".

A European research project formed in 2006 to study potential applications of SRLs. It is known as IOLOS, (Integrated optical logic and memory using ultra-fast micro-ring bistable semiconductor laser), and will receive funding of €1.25 million over three years. Intense Photonics and Siemens are also providing a further €100,000.

References

See also
Ring laser
Optical ring resonators
Ring laser gyroscope

Semiconductor lasers
A20 heavy tank. A20 was a British tank design by Harland and Wolff to meet an Army requirement for an infantry tank that could replace the Matilda II and Valentine tank.  It was designed in the expectation that conditions would be similar to those of the First World War.

The specification was produced by Superintendent of Tank Design at Woolwich with design by the Mechanization Board and passed to Harland and Wolff for detail work and to build a pilot.
Four pilots were ordered in February 1940. Two - A20E1 and A20E2 - were built. The first pilot took part in trials in June 1940. It was shipped from Northern Ireland to Vauxhall Motors (without a turret) in August; thereafter to Mechanical Warfare Experimental Establishment at Farnborough.  

The Battle of France indicated that trench warfare was not going to be the case in the Second World War. A new specification, A22, was drawn up and Vauxhall  who had been engaged to find a suitable power plant - their Bedford "twin six" engine - for the A20 were instructed to bring a tank based on the A20 into production as soon as possible. This would enter service as "Tank, Infantry, Mark IV" later named Churchill. The first pilot Churchill was finished by November 1940.

The decision to cancel the order for 100 A20 was made in June 1940 and that the four pilot models - constructed of mild steel - would be used for component testing.

After the MWEE, the A20E1 moved to the Experimental Bridging Establishment, Christchurch then back to Farnborough, this time to the Wheeled Vehicle Experimental Establishment. There it was used as trial load to test a twenty-wheel 70-ton capacity tank transporter trailer built by Cranes of Dereham.

Notes

Sources

 
  

Infantry tanks
World War II tanks of the United Kingdom
Heavy tanks of the United Kingdom
Abandoned military projects of the United Kingdom
Trial and research tanks of the United Kingdom
Liu Zhenya. Liu Zhenya (; born 1952) is Chairman of Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization (GEIDCO) which proposes to build a global super grid of low-loss HVDC power lines for long distance energy exchange and trade.

Biography
Liu Zhenya is a native of Shandong province. He graduated from the Shandong Industrial Institute in engineering, and joined the CPC in 1984. He has spent his career in the state power administration. Liu served as director of the Shandong Provincial Electric Power Bureau until 1997. He is currently Chairman of Global Energy Interconnection Development and Cooperation Organization (GEIDCO) and an alternate member of the 17th CPC Central Committee.

Liu Zhenya has been President of State Grid from 2004 to 2013. The Times reported that he had "been forced into fire-fighting outrage at home after the worst snowstorms in half a century crippled power lines, blacked out cities and brought the electrified railways to a standstill."

In 2018 he was elected an International Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering in the UK.

References

1952 births
Living people
Shandong University alumni
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
State Grid Corporation of China people
Chinese electrical engineers
Engineers from Shandong
Alternate members of the 17th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
JConsole. JConsole is a graphical monitoring tool to monitor Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and Java applications both on a local or remote machine.

JConsole uses underlying features of Java Virtual Machine to provide information on performance and resource consumption of applications running on the Java platform using Java Management Extensions (JMX) technology. JConsole comes as part of Java Development Kit (JDK) and the graphical console can be started using "jconsole" command.

See also 
 Java Management Extensions 
 Java Development Kit

External links 
 Using JConsole Oracle's article on using JConsole.
 Java SE Monitoring and Management Guide A technical guide.
 Monitoring and Management for the Java Platform JMX and JConsole in Sun Developer Network. 
 JConsole command manual. Command usage and options.
 jvmtop JConsole-like open source monitoring tool (but terminal based).

Java APIs
Management Extensions
Management Extensions
Network management
Submersible mixer. A submersible mixer is a mechanical device that is used to mix sludge tanks and other liquid volumes. Submersible mixers are often used in sewage treatment plants to keep solids in suspension in the various process tanks and/or sludge holding tanks.

Working principle

The submersible mixer is operated by an electric motor, which is coupled to the mixer's propeller, either direct-coupled or via a planetary gear-reducer. The propeller rotates and creates liquid flow in the tank, which in turn keeps the solids in suspension. The submersible mixer is typically installed on a guide rail system, which enables the mixer to be retrieved for periodic inspection and preventive maintenance.

Applications

Examples of applications where submersible mixers are commonly applied:

 Anoxic/anaerobic tanks and oxidation basins (activated sludge) at sewage treatment plants
 IFAS, MBBR, and other fixed film biocarrier processes.  
 Mixing of sewage wet wells
 Reception tanks and post-digestion tanks at biogas facilities
 Liquid Manure storage tanks at dairy, hog, and poultry farms
 Waste processing at slaughterhouses, poultry abattoirs, fish processing plants, etc.

References

Sewerage
Mohrite. Mohrite, (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6 H2O, is a rare ammonium iron(II) sulfate mineral originally found in the geothermal fields of Tuscany, Italy.  This Fe-dominant analogue of boussingaultite is sometimes reported from burning coal dumps where it is a product of pyrite oxidation.

The mineral crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system with space group P21/a.

See also
 Acid mine drainage, pyrite oxidation
 Mohr's salt

References

Ammonium minerals
Iron(II) minerals
Sulfate minerals
Monoclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 14
Coroico River. The Coroico River is a river of Bolivia. The catchment area comprises 5356 km². According to the 2012 census, it is home to 59 996 people.

Economic activity 
Economic activities along the river are impacting its water quality.

Agriculture 
Agricultural along the river is using agrochemicals, which are contaminating the water,.

Gold mining 
Gold mining , mostly illegal, is difficult to control and leads to heavy pollution of the Río Coroico with mercury and other chemicals.

Waste water and solid waste 
Evergrowing settlements in the watershed are facing a huge challenge to build waste infrastructure. As a result, the river gets to take the waste.

Waste water 
The wastewater from the most densely populated settlements is also discharged untreated into the Río Coroico.

Solid waste 
The disposal of solid waste exceeds the capacity of the local waste disposal system. disposal exceeds the capacity of the local waste disposal system.

See also
List of rivers of Bolivia

References
Rand McNally, The New International Atlas, 1993.

Rivers of La Paz Department (Bolivia)
Kampfite. Kampfite is a rare barium silicate–carbonate–halide mineral with the chemical formula . Discovered in 1964 and described in 2001, it is named after Anthony R. Kampf. The mineral is known only from Fresno County, California.

Description
Kampfite is translucent and light blue-gray in color. Specimens occur as irregular masses up to  in size.

Composition and structure
When first described, the formula was identified as . Subsequent work on analyzing the crystal structure led to a revised formula of . The structural  noted in the original description was not found in the later work.

The structure consists of double layers of tetrahedra connected by barium-containing polyhedra. It is this layering which causes kampfite's one perfect cleavage. Kampfite shares chemical and structural similarities with cymrite. , it is the only known barium silicate carbonate aside from fencooperite.

Occurrence
Kampfite has been found in association with celsian, fresnoite, macdonaldite, pyrrhotite, titantaramellite, traskite, and witherite. The mineral is known only from locations in Fresno County, California. Kampfite is found in quartz-rich regions of sanbornite rocks within gneiss which has undergone contact metamorphism associated with an adjacent granodiorite intrusive.

History
The mineral discovered in 1964 by Robert Walstrom from the Esquire #1 claim of the Rush Creek deposit in eastern Fresno County. It was described in 2001 in The Canadian Mineralogist. The mineral was named kampfite in honor of Anthony Robert Kampf (1948–), curator of the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, for his crystallography work on new and rare minerals.

Co-type specimens are held by the University of British Columbia and the Geological Survey of Canada.

References

Bibliography

External links
Photos of kampfite from mindat.org

Barium minerals
Carbonate minerals
Phyllosilicates
Monoclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 9
Xiong Weiping. Xiong Weiping (, born 1956) is President of Chinalco, China’s largest diversified mining company.

Biography
Xiong Weiping is President of Chinalco and also Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Aluminum Corporation of China Limited (“Chalco”), and Chairman of Chalco’s Remuneration and Nomination Committee. He has a PhD and is a professor in Mineral Engineering of Central South University. He is also a PhD Supervisor at Guanghua School of Management, Beijing University. Prior to his current position at Chinalco, Xiong’s previous roles included: Executive Vice President of Central South University, Dean of the School of Management; Deputy General Manager of China Copper, Lead and Zinc Group Company; Deputy General Manager and Vice President of Chinalco; Senior Vice President and President of Chalco. From June 2006 to 2009, he served as the Vice Chairman and President of China National Travel Service (HK) Group Corporation and China Travel Service (Holdings) Hong Kong Limited as well as the Vice Chairman and President of China Travel International Investment Hong Kong Limited.

Xiong is a member of the 18th Central Commission for Discipline Inspection.

In October 2014, Chengdu mayor Ge Honglin replaced Xiong Weiping as Chinalco's top executive.

References

Living people
Chinese business executives
Academic staff of the Central South University
Academic staff of Peking University
1956 births
Businesspeople from Jiangxi
People from Nanchang
Educators from Jiangxi
Effective diffusion coefficient. The effective diffusion coefficient of a  in atomic diffusion of solid polycrystalline materials like metal alloys is often represented as a weighted average of the grain boundary diffusion coefficient and the lattice diffusion coefficient.  Diffusion along both the grain boundary and in the lattice may be modeled with an Arrhenius equation. The ratio of the grain boundary diffusion activation energy over the lattice diffusion activation energy is usually 0.4–0.6, so as temperature is lowered, the grain boundary diffusion component increases.  Increasing temperature often allows for increased grain size, and the lattice diffusion component increases with increasing temperature, so often at 0.8 Tmelt (of an alloy), the grain boundary component can be neglected.

Modeling
The effective diffusion coefficient can be modeled using Hart's equation when lattice diffusion is dominant (type A kinetics):

where
effective diffusion coefficient
grain boundary diffusion coefficient
lattice diffusion coefficient

value based on grain shape, 1 for parallel grains, 3 for square grains
average grain size
grain boundary width, often assumed to be 0.5 nm

Grain boundary diffusion is significant in face-centered cubic metals below about 0.8 Tmelt (Absolute). Line dislocations and other crystalline defects can become significant below ~0.4 Tmelt in FCC metals.

See also 
 Kirkendall effect
 Mass diffusivity

References 

Diffusion
Springfree Trampoline. Springfree Trampoline is a company that manufactures recreational trampoline products and accessories. The design was created by Keith Vivian Alexander, a professor in the Mechanical Engineering Department at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch, New Zealand.

History
After analysing trampoline data in 1992, Alexander noted three impact zones affecting jumper safety in the George Nissen trampoline design. These were:
The springs – on the jumping surface.
The steel frame – on the jumping surface/ jumpers may fall and injure themselves.
The ground or obstructions on the ground – jumpers would hit as a result of falling off.

Alexander's goal was to increase the trampoline's safety by re-engineering the spring technology. In 1999, Alexander released his first prototype utilising glass-reinforced plastic rods, and the first commercial versions began selling in late 2004. In 2009, Springfree Trampoline won an Australian Design Award.

Design

The Springfree trampoline's design includes the use of glass-reinforced plastic rods articulating below the jumping surface, as opposed to the radiating steel spring coils of a Nissen trampoline. The jumping surface is lowered around 450mm below the jumping surface of a traditional trampoline, and the base's rigidity is derived from a tubular steel assembly with angled supports.

References

External links
Springfree Trampoline Company Website

Trampolining
New Zealand design
Event relationship graph. Event relationship graphs (ERGs) are a type of directed graph (with labeled and annotated vertices and annotated edges) used for modeling discrete-event systems. Like Petri Nets, ERGs provide a model for concurrent computation. ERGs have the full power of Turing machines.

References

Further reading
 Schruben, L. (2007), Modeling Causality with Event Relationship Graphs, in Fishwick, P.A (2007), Handbook of Dynamic System Modeling, pp. 23–1—23–21.

Systems theory
Guntur Engineering College. Guntur Engineering College is one of the engineering colleges in Guntur, which was established in 2008. It is approved by All India Council for Technical Education and is affiliated to JNTU Kakinada. It is a private institution founded from Krishna Sai educational Society and the chairman of the college is M.Nara Hari Rao.

Academics
Guntur Engineering College was established in the year 2008.

Offering Courses

B.Tech. - CSE, ECE, EEE, ME, CIVIL

M.Tech. - CSE, EEE(Power Systems, Power Electronic & Electrical Devices), ME(Machine Design, Thermal Engineering), ECE(VLSI)

MBA

DIPLOMA : ECE, EEE, ME

References

Colleges in Guntur
Engineering colleges in Andhra Pradesh
2008 establishments in Andhra Pradesh
Power wrench. A power wrench is type of wrench that is powered by other means than human force. A typical power source is compressed air. There are two main types of power wrenches: impact wrenches and air ratchet wrenches or pneumatic ratchet wrenches.

Air ratchet wrench
An air ratchet wrench is very similar to hand-powered ratchet wrenches in that it has the same square drive, but an air motor is attached to turn the socket drive. Pulling the trigger activates the motor which turns the socket drive. A switch is provided to change which direction the socket drive turns.

This type of power wrench is designed more for speed and less for torque. If high levels of torque are desired an impact wrench should be used.

References

Bibliography
.

Wrenches