omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Nanosheet. A nanosheet is a two-dimensional nanostructure with thickness in a scale ranging from 1 to 100 nm.

A typical example of a nanosheet is graphene, the thinnest two-dimensional material (0.34 nm) in the world. It consists of a single layer of carbon atoms with hexagonal lattices.

Examples and applications
, silicon nanosheets are being used to prototype future generations of small (5 nm) transistors.

Carbon nanosheets (from hemp) may be an alternative to graphene as electrodes in supercapacitors.

Synthesis 

The most commonly used nanosheet synthesis methods use a bottom-up approach, e.g., pre-organization and polymerization at interfaces like Langmuir–Blodgett films, solution phase synthesis and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). For example, CdTe (cadmium telluride) nanosheets could be synthesized by precipitating and aging CdTe nanoparticles in deionized water. The formation of free-floating CdTe nanosheets was due to directional hydrophobic attraction and anisotropic electrostatic interactions caused by dipole moment and small positive charges. Molecular simulations through a coarse-grained model with parameters from semi-empirical quantum mechanics calculations can be used to prove the experimental process.

Ultrathin single-crystal PbS (lead sulfur) sheets with micro scale in x-, y- dimensions can be obtained using a hot colloidal synthesis method. Compounds with linear chloroalkanes like 1,2-dichloroethane containing chlorine were used during the formation of PbS sheets. PbS ultrathin sheets probably resulted from the oriented attachment of the PbS nanoparticles in a two-dimensional fashion. The highly reactive facets were preferentially consumed in the growth process that led to the sheet-like PbS crystal growth.

Nanosheets can also be prepared at room temperature. For instance, hexagonal PbO (lead oxide)) nanosheets were synthesized using gold nanoparticles as seeds under room temperature. The size of the PbO nanosheet can be tuned by gold NPs and  concentration in the growth solution. No organic surfactants were employed in the synthesis process. Oriented attachment, in which the sheets form by aggregation of small nanoparticles that each has a net dipole moment, and ostwald ripening are the two main reasons for the formation of the PbO nanosheets.  The same process was observed for iron sulfide nanoparticles.

Carbon nanosheets have been produced using industrial hemp bast fibres with a technique that involves heating the fibres at over 350F (180C) for 24 hours. The result is then subjected to intense heat causing the fibers to exfoliate into a carbon nanosheet. This has been used to create an electrode for a supercapacitor with electrochemical qualities ‘on a par with’ devices made using graphene.

Metal nanosheets have also been synthesized from solution-based method by reducing metal precursors, including palladium, rhodium, and gold.

See also 

 Graphene
 Two-dimensional polymer
 Colloidal gold
 Nanocrystal solar cell
 Nanoparticle
 Quantum dot
 Langmuir–Blodgett film

References
Società Valdostana Automobili. The Societa Valdostana Automobili (SVA), was an Italian automobile manufacturer, active in Pont-Saint-Martin from 1948 to 1951.

History 
Founded by Giovanni Savonuzzi and Virgilio Conrero, both originally from Fiat's aviation competitions department, SVA was founded in order to develop the cars made by Cisitalia.

Despite achieving numerous victories in minor races and gaining the confidence of important drivers such as Giovanni Bracco, SVA ran into severe difficulties after Cisitalia went into receivership. The company changed its focus, resulting in the creation of open-wheel single-seaters.

A first experiment was done with a Formula 3 car with a  Moto Guzzi engine. Later a Formula One car was built, with a  supercharged Fiat-derived engine fueled by a mixture of petrol and alcohol.

The SVA 1500, entrusted to driver Rudi Fischer, took to the track in both the Grand Prix of San Remo and the Swiss Grand Prix in 1950, proving to be powerful and fast, but also very fragile.

SVA closed at the end of 1951.

Car manufacturers of Italy
Italian racecar constructors
Formula One constructors
Powertech Technology. Powertech Technology Inc. (PTI; ; 6239. TW) is a Taiwanese semiconductor assembly, packaging and testing company.

In 2010 the company entered a strategic alliance with Japan's Elpida Memory and Taiwan's chip foundry United Microelectronics Corporation to develop advanced semiconductor packaging technology. 

The company is purported to be manufacturing Apple Inc.'s Apple S1 chip for their recently announced Apple Watch.

References

External links
 PTI.com.tw

Electronics companies of Taiwan
Companies listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange
Powertech. Powertech may refer to:

 Hyundai Powertech, a South Korean automatic transmission manufacturer
 PowerTech (flashlight manufacturer), Tennessee manufacturer
 Powertech Technology, PTI, Taiwanese chip assembler
 PowerTech Information Systems, Norwegian IP
 Chrysler PowerTech engine (V6 and V8 engines)
 Chrysler PowerTech engine (disambiguation) (I4 and I6 engines)

See also
 Powertec RPA
 Powertek
Thor I. Fossen. Thor Inge Fossen (born 3 January 1963) is a Norwegian cyberneticist. Fossen received an MSc degree in Marine Technology (1987) and PhD in Engineering Cybernetics (1991), both from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU). He is a Fulbright alumni, and he pursued postgraduate studies in Aerodynamics and Aeronautics at the Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics of the University of Washington, Seattle (1989-1990). At age 28, he was appointed associate professor of guidance, navigation, and control at NTNU, and two years later, he qualified as a full professor. 

Fossen has made significant contributions to the fields of marine craft motion control systems, hydrodynamics, control theory, guidance systems and navigation. He has published approximately 400 papers on guidance, navigation and control (GNC), vehicle dynamics, and control systems for ships, underwater vehicles and uncrewed vehicles.

Books 

Fossen has authored four widely recognized textbooks. His first textbook, Guidance and Control of Ocean Vehicles in 1994 has become the standard reference in marine control systems. This was followed by Marine Control Systems: Guidance, Navigation and Control of Ships, Rigs and Underwater Vehicles in 2002 and the first edition of Handbook of Marine Craft Hydrodynamics and Motion Control in 2011. The second edition of this book was published in 2021 with updated content and expanded topics on guidance, navigation, and control of marine vehicles.

In addition to his textbooks, Fossen has co-authored three editorial volumes: Sensing and Control for Autonomous Vehicles: Applications to Land, Water and Air Vehicles in 2017, Parametric Resonance in Dynamical Systems in 2012, and New Directions in Nonlinear Observer Design in 1999.

Recognition 
Fossen has been elected as a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters and the Norwegian Academy of Technological Sciences. He was elevated to IEEE Fellow for his contributions to modeling and controlling of marine craft.

Entrepreneurship 
Fossen co-founded Marine Cybernetics, a company specializing in verifying and testing marine control systems, which is now part of DNV. He is also a co-founder of ScoutDI, a pioneering company developing tethered drone systems for situational awareness in confined spaces and industrial environments.

External links

References

Academic staff of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology
1963 births
Living people
20th-century Norwegian scientists
21st-century Norwegian scientists
20th-century Norwegian educators
21st-century Norwegian educators
Fellows of the IEEE
UEA Broad. UEA Broad is an area of open water that neighbours the University of East Anglia, from which it gets its name. It is a part of The Broads in Norfolk.

Creation  

UEA Broad was developed by Atlas Aggregates in conjunction with the university between August 1973 and June 1978. It has an area of , with sides that slope very steeply down to a maximum depth of , which constrains it as a wildlife habitat. It is one of the few  Broads produced by gravel extraction rather than peat digging. There is still machinery under the water.

Wildlife  

The Broad is particularly well known for its bird life, with great crested grebes, kingfishers, herons, swans, sedge warblers and cuckoos a common sight.

It is also well stocked with carp and commonly used for fishing with platforms positioned at regular intervals round the edge.

Non-native terrapins have also been spotted at the edge of the water.

Amenities  

While in the past the lake was used for windsurfing by university students, health and safety concerns have put an end to this practice. 

Fishing and viewing platforms are located around the edges of the Broad, along with several pieces from the nearby Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts's Sculpture Park.

The length of the lake on the northern side hosts several barbeque stands available for use by students and staff of the university. The favoured one lies next to a sandy area of the shoreline often known as “The Beach”, where seagulls and ducks often congregate to be fed.

References

University of East Anglia
Lakes of Norfolk
Gary Smith (EDA analyst). Gary Smith (March 9, 1941 – July 3, 2015) was a veteran electronic design automation (EDA) business analyst. He was chief analyst of Gary Smith EDA firm.

Biography
Smith was born in Stockton, California, and grew up in the San Joaquin Valley. He graduated with a bachelor of science degree in engineering from the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. After six years of active duty in Vietnam, he returned to civilian life as a salesperson for semiconductor companies including National Electronics, International Rectifier, TRW Inc., Signetics, Telmos, and Plessey. At Plessey, he transitioned to engineering management for ASICs.

Joining LSI Logic, he became a CAD methodologist implementing the then novel register-transfer level (RTL) design methodology.

From 1994 to 2006 he worked for the market research firm Dataquest (later known as Gartner Dataquest) as managing vice-president and chief analyst for EDA market analysis. From 2006 up to his death, he led his own market research firm, Gary Smith EDA.

He was known for his pre-Design Automation Conference Dataquest briefings with his "What to see at DAC" list. He continued this tradition as an independent analyst.

Annually Smith also updated his so-called wallcharts where he visually listed out vendors organized by tool category.

In 2007 he received an ACM SIGDA Distinguished Service award "in recognition for his contributions as Chief EDA Analyst at Gartner Dataquest for the past two decades".

He died on July 3, 2015, in Flagstaff, Arizona, after a short bout of pneumonia. Gary was married to Lori Kate Smith and they had son Casey.  He had daughters Tamara and Kim from his first wife, Diana Lee Smith.

The Gary Smith Memorial Scholarship was set up at the San Jose State University.

References

1941 births
2015 deaths
Electronic design automation people
United States Naval Academy alumni
Arthur Powell Davis. Arthur Powell Davis (February 9, 1861 – August 7, 1933) was an American hydrographer, engineer, geographer, topographer and nephew of John Wesley Powell. He was born on February 9, 1861, in Decatur, Illinois and received his Civil Engineering degree from George Washington University in 1888. Upon graduation he joined his uncle west on the US Geological Survey through New Mexico, Arizona, and California. He then worked in hydrography in places as far flung as China, Puerto Rico, Nicaragua, Panama, and Turkestan. In 1888 he co-founded the National Geographic Society, and in 1907 he was elected president of the Washington Society of Engineers. He served as the Director of the Reclamation Service (now the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation) from 1914 to 1923. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1921 and the American Philosophical Society in 1927.

Boulder Dam (later called Hoover Dam) was fundamentally the conception of Arthur Powell Davis. A month before he died, Arthur Powell Davis was appointed Consulting Engineer on the dam project. Mr. Davis had his vision back in 1902. He died in Oakland, California, on August 7, 1933, and is buried in St. Paul's Rock Creek Cemetery in Washington, D.C., along with his wife, Elizabeth B. Davis. The Davis Dam is named after him. Like other progressive Republicans, Arthur Davis had deep faith in the role of experts (he himself held a degree in civil engineering), worshipped efficiency, and viewed the federal government as a major instrument for social and political reform.

See also 
 An American Engineer in Stalin's Russia: The Memoirs of Zara Witkin, 1932–1934. "Arthur Powell Davis, the distinguished American reclamation engineer, ...worked in old Russia under the Czar and also for the Soviet Government for several years prior to 1932, engaged in designing a giant irrigation project in southeastern Russia." (p. 51)

References

External links
 
 

1861 births
1933 deaths
National Geographic Society founders
American geographers
United States Bureau of Reclamation personnel
People from Decatur, Illinois
George Washington University School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
American civil engineers
United States Geological Survey personnel
Engineers from Illinois
Burials at Rock Creek Cemetery

Members of the American Philosophical Society
Sagan (software). Sagan is an open source (GNU/GPLv2) multi-threaded, high performance, real-time log analysis & correlation engine developed by Quadrant Information Security that runs on Unix operating systems.   It is written in C and uses a multi-threaded architecture to deliver high performance log & event analysis. Sagan's structure and rules work similarly to the Sourcefire Snort IDS/IPS engine.   This allows Sagan to be compatible  with Snort or Suricata rule management software and gives Sagan the ability to correlate with Snort IDS/IPS data.

Sagan supports different output formats for reporting and analysis, log normalization, script execution on event detection, GeoIP detection/alerting and time sensitive alerting.

See also 

 Host-based intrusion detection system comparison

References

 Sagan User Manual
 Sagan Resources
  "Centralized and structured log file analysis with Open Source and Free Software tools" Bachelor Thesis by Jens Kühnel
 IPSS.ca "Course objectives"
 "Securing your Mikrotik Network" by Andrew Thrift (Presentation)
  HOWTO build Sagan on FreeBSD
  Sagan was one of the "top security tools" & won a "Bossie Award" from Infoworld.com.
  Installing Sagan onCentOS 5/6 (Linux) for log monitoring.
 IPSS.ca "Course objectives"
 Champ Clark talks about Sagan on "Pauldotcom Security weekly" - December, 12th, 2013.
 Linux Pro Magazine article that discusses using Sagan for log monitoring.
 Article written by Champ Clark about using Kismet, Snort and Sagan to build wireless IDS monitoring device.
 Champ Clark's guest posting on Rainer's (author of rsysyslog) blog about Sagan and log analysis.
 Log, Log, Log Everything Remotely.
 Using Sagan with Bro Intelligence feeds.
 What the Sagan Log Analysis Engine Is...and What It Is Not (Aug 2016)
 Easing the Compliance Burden :: Sagan Technology & PCI Compliance (Feb 2016)
 JunOS/ScreenOS Vulnerability Helps to Emphasize the Importance of Remote Log Storage (Dec 2015)
 Using Sagan with Netflow data.
 Reference to Sagan rule options

External links
 About Sagan
 Official Sagan Wiki
Sagan flowbits
Using Sagan with Bro Intelligence feeds
Sagan output to other SIEMs.

Free security software
Computer security software
Linux security software
Unix network-related software
Intrusion detection systems
System generation. In computing system generation or sysgen is the process of creating a particular unique instance of an operating system by combining user-specified options and parameters with manufacturer-supplied general-purpose program code to produce an operating system tailored for a particular hardware and software environment.

Some other programs have similar processes, although not usually called "sysgen."  For example, IBM's Customer Information Control System (CICS) was installed through a process called CICSGEN.

Rationale
A large general-purpose program such as an operating system has to provide support for all variations of Central processing unit (CPU) that it might be run on, for all supported main memory sizes, and for all possible configurations of input/output (I/O) equipment.  No one installation requires all this support, so system generation provides a process for selecting the options and features actually required on any one system.

Sysgen produces a system that is most efficient in terms of CPU time, main memory requirements, I/O activity, and/or disk space.  Often these parameters can be traded off, for example to generate a system that requires less memory at the expense of increased disk I/O operations.

See also
 System Generation (OS)

References

System software
Louis Mesenkop. Louis Mesenkop (February 6, 1903 – February 19, 1974) was an American sound engineer. He won two Academy Awards for Best Special Effects and was nominated for another in the same category. Mesenkop was part of the production team who received an Academy Honorary Award at the 11th Academy Awards for their efforts on the Paramount film Spawn of the North.

Selected filmography
Mesenkop won two Academy Awards for Best Special Effects and was nominated for another:

Won
 I Wanted Wings (1941)
 Reap the Wild Wind (1942)

Nominated
 Aloma of the South Seas (1941)

References

External links

1903 births
1953 deaths
American audio engineers
Academy Honorary Award recipients
Best Visual Effects Academy Award winners
Engineers from Illinois
20th-century American engineers
Indaer Peru Chuspi. The Indaer Peru Chuspi is a Peruvian single-engined light aircraft. Twelve aircraft were built between 1987 and 1990.

Design and development
In 1980, the Peruvian Air Force set up Peru's first aircraft manufacturer, Industria Aeronautica del Peru (Indero Peru), with the intent on building Aermacchi MB.339 jet trainers under licence. High costs caused these plans to be abandoned, and it was eventually decided for the company to move into the General aviation field, negotiating licenses for production of the Aero Boero AB-115, AB-180 and the Pilatus PC-6, as well as a small two-seat lightplane based on popular kit aircraft such as the Denney Kitfox and Avid Flyer, the Indaer Peru Chuspi.

Like the types upon it was based, the Chupsi (Mosquito) is a single-engine monoplane with a braced high wing. The fuselage is of welded steel tube construction with a fabric covering, while the wings are of mixed construction, the aluminium spars and plywood ribs. An enclosed cockpit accommodates two seats side-by-side and can be fitted with dual controls. It is powered by a single Rotax 532 piston engine driving a two-bladed fixed-pitch propeller. Either a tailwheel or nosewheel undercarriage can be fitted.

The prototype made its maiden flight in August 1987, entering production in 1988. Aircraft could be fitted for crop spraying or sport purposes. A total of twelve aircraft were completed by January 1990.

Specifications

Notes

References

External links
Indaer Chuspi (In Spanish)

1980s Peruvian sport aircraft
Roger Heman Sr.. Roger Heman Sr. (February 27, 1898 – March 14, 1969) was an American sound engineer. He won an Academy Award for Best Special Effects and was nominated for four more in the same category. He worked on more than 350 films during his career. His son was also a sound engineer.

Selected filmography
Heman won an Academy Award for Best Special Effects and was nominated for four more:

Won
 Crash Dive (1943)

Nominated
 The Black Swan (1942)
 Wilson (1944)
 Captain Eddie (1945)
 Deep Waters (1948)

References

External links

1898 births
1969 deaths
American audio engineers
Best Visual Effects Academy Award winners
Engineers from Kentucky
20th-century American engineers
The Big Brain Theory. The Big Brain Theory is an American television show on the Discovery Channel that first aired in 2013, hosted by Kal Penn. Eight episodes were produced.

Format 
Each week the contestants enter the blueprint challenge, where they are given 30 minutes to solve an engineering problem using only an electronic blackboard. The 2 contestants with the best solutions are chosen by the judges to be the leaders of the blue team and the red team, who now have to build a working solution. The team leaders pick their members one by one, and they are given a certain time and budget to finish the task; workshop time is limited to 12 hours a day.

Their builds are then tested and the team that fails will face elimination. If both teams fail then nobody is safe from elimination. The judges will determine who leaves the competition. Once eliminated, one competitor can get back in if he/she wins the wild card, decided by the judges.

The winner of the competition gets US$50,000 and a one-year contract to work for WET Enterprises, founded by Mark Fuller. Contestants who have been eliminated cannot participate in the blueprint challenge any more, but they can still be picked for the teams and are eligible for the Judges' Prize, which is US$20,000.

Judges 
In addition to the full judges, there is always a third guest judge that changes every week. The two full judges are:
 Mark Fuller, founder and CEO of WET Enterprises
 Christine Gulbranson, founder and CEO of Christalis

Overview

Contestants 
 Winner: Corey Fleischer, mechanical engineer
 Runner-up: Amy Elliott, engineering grad student
 Judges' Prize: Tom Johnson, mechanical engineer
 Eric Whitman, robotics grad student
 Andrew Stroup, defense systems engineer
 Dan Moyers, space systems engineer
 Gui Cavalcanti, robotics engineer
 Alison Wong, product designer
 Joel Ifill, welding engineer
 Joe Caravella, rocket scientist

Bold denotes team captain.

Episodes

References

External links 
 
 

2013 American television series debuts
American English-language television shows
Discovery Channel original programming
2013 American television series endings
C. C. Stevens. Charles Cyril "C. C." Stevens (31 March 1907 – 13 July 1974) was a British sound engineer. He was known for his work on the films of Powell and Pressburger, including A Matter Of Life And Death and I Know Where I'm Going. He was nominated for an Oscar for Best Special Effects for his work on the film One of Our Aircraft Is Missing. He worked on more than 80 films during his career.

References

External links

1907 births
1974 deaths
British audio engineers
People from Andover, Hampshire
Surindar Kumar Trehan. Surindar Kumar Trehan (S.K. Trehan) was an Indian mathematician who specialised in non-linear stability in magnetohydrodynamics.

He was awarded in 1976 the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, the highest science award in India,  in the mathematical sciences category. Prof. Trehan has done significant work on stability of force-free magnetic fields, stability of
jets and cylinders and stability of inhomogeneous plasmas. His work on the mathematical treatment of gaseous polytropes in the presence of a magnetic field is a breakthrough in this  area. He has also done important work on hydromagnetic waves and rotating gaseous
masses.

Short Biography 

Please note that the authorization of this article belongs to www.insaindia.res only.

Reference :

https://www.insaindia.res.in/detail.php?id=N76-0843

References
2. ^ Gathered information from

https://www.insaindia.res.in/detail.php?id=N76-0843

External links
S. K. Trehan (1931–2004), Current Science, 25 January 2005
Indian National Science Academy
Indian National Science Academy database

1931 births
2004 deaths
20th-century Indian mathematicians
Recipients of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award in Mathematical Science