omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Ocean data acquisition system. An ocean data acquisition system (ODAS) is a set of instruments deployed at sea to collect as much meteorological and oceanographic data as possible. With their sensors, these systems deliver data both on the state of the ocean itself and the surrounding lower atmosphere. The use of microelectronics and technologies with efficient energy consumption allows to increase the types and numbers of sensor deployed on a single device.

Definition 
According to Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission and World Meteorological Organization (WMO), "ODAS means a structure, platform, installation, buoy, or other device, not being a ship, together with its appurtenant equipment, deployed at sea essentially for the purpose of collecting, storing or transmitting samples or data relating to the marine environment or the atmosphere or the uses thereof."

Use 
Each hour, the data gathered by the system is transferred to the WMO's Global Telecommunications System by a geostationary satellite after having gone through a number of quality checks. Real-time data with information on the maritime environment can then be used for forecasts of physical states like weather, ocean currents or wave conditions which, in turn, may serve to warn seafarers of unfavourable conditions in the area.

ODAS types 

ODAS can be mounted on the following structures:
 Lighthouses
 Lightvessels
 Towers
 Offshore platforms
 Buoys

ODAS buoys are not navigational aids but have been included into the IALA Maritime Buoyage System. The structures have a fixed geographical position.

Data 
Data gathered by an ODAS may include the following parameters:
 Air temperature
 Atmospheric pressure at sea level
 Wind direction
 Wind speed including gusts
 Sea state
 Wave height
 Sea surface temperature

Disadvantages 
 ODAS buoys are expensive to obtain and need to be deployed by specialised vessels.

References

Oceanographic instrumentation
Meteorological instrumentation and equipment
Fushun Special Steel. Fushun Special Steel Co., Ltd. (FSSS) is a Chinese steel maker based in Fushun, Liaoning Province. State enterprise Dongbei Special Steel was the largest shareholder of the company. The rest of the shares float in Shanghai Stock Exchange.

According to the officials of the company, the steel maker supplied steel to the manufacturing of aircraft carrier of China.

History
The steel refinery was found in 1937 by Japanese South Manchuria Railway Company in the occupied zone of wartime China. The steel refinery was belong to State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) of the Government of Fushun City, as Fushun Special Steel (Group) Co., Ltd. (). It was one of the 512 important state-owned enterprises in 1997. (1 of 47 iron and steel industry)

In 1999 the assets of the refinery was re-incorporated as Fushun Special Steel Co., Ltd.. In the next year the shares of the company were float in Shanghai Stock Exchange. Fushun Special Steel (Group) remained as the largest shareholder for 76.29% stake.

In 2003 the shares held by the parent company was partially transferred to another state-owned enterprise Dongbei Special Steel (for 56.62% stake), which Fushun Special Steel (Group) became the second largest shareholder of the listed company for 19.67%. At the same time Fushun Special Steel (Group) became the second largest shareholder of Dongbei Special Steel for 26.53% stake.

On 30 December 2010 Fushun Special Steel (Group) went bankrupt, which Dongbei Special Steel received the shares of the listed company from Fushun Special Steel (Group), making Dongbei Special Steel hold 57.07% stake at that time, while the shares of Dongbei Special Steel (22.68% stake) held by Fushun Special Steel (Group) was transferred to a subsidiary () of SASAC of the Government of Liaoning Province in 2011.

Due to capital increase and disposals, the shares of the listed company held by Dongbei Special Steel was diluted to 38.58% at 31 December 2015.

See also
 Fushun Mining Group

References

External links
 

Steel companies of China
Manufacturing companies established in 1937
Companies owned by the provincial government of China
Companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange
Chinese companies established in 1937
Companies based in Fushun
Beiman Special Steel. Dongbei Special Steel Group Beiman Special Steel Co., Ltd. is a state-owned steel maker based in Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province. Bei-man was the acronym of North Manchuria. The company is a subsidiary of Dongbei Special Steel (literally East-Northern Special Steel).

History
The steel refinery was found in 1952 in Fularji District, Qiqihar. The refinery was the only special steel maker in the First Five-year plan of China (1953–1957), with the aid of Soviet Union. The refinery was completed in 1957. It was one of the 512 important state-owned enterprises in 1997. (1 of 47 iron and steel industry)

In 1993, the steel refinery was incorporated as a subsidiary Beiman Special Steel Co., Ltd. and listed in Shanghai Stock Exchange (as ), which Bei Steel Group Co., Ltd. () was the major shareholder for 64.32% stake. In 2001, the assets of the refinery was sold back to the parent company, while the listed company was sold to another state-owned enterprise and renamed to Longjian Road and Bridge, as a reverse IPO. Bei Steel Group Co., Ltd. was also renamed to Beiman Special Steel Group Co., Ltd.. ().

In 2004, the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission (SASAC) of the Provincial Government of Heilongjiang, the parent entity of Beiman Special Steel, injected the steel refinery into Dongbei Special Steel, a holding company of Liaoning Government, as share capital. The holding company became the parent company of three steel refineries in Qiqihar, Dalian and Fushun.

As at 31 December 2014 the parent company owned 58.63% stake in Dongbei Special Steel Group Beiman Special Steel Co., Ltd.. Heilongjiang SASAC retained the rest.

References

External links
 

Steel companies of China
Companies based in Heilongjiang
Government agencies established in 1952
1952 establishments in China
Companies owned by the provincial government of China
China Orient Asset Management
Soviet foreign aid
China–Soviet Union relations
Ranger 26. The Ranger 26 is an American sailboat, that was designed by Gary Mull.

The Ranger 26 is not related to the 1980 Mull designed Ranger 26-2, nor is it related to the Raymond Richards designed Ranger Boat Company 26 of 1978 or the Germán Frers designed 1983 Frers 26, which was marketed as the Ranger 26 by the Brazilian company Mariner Construções Náuticas Ltd for a time.

Production
The boat was built by Ranger Yachts in the United States with production from 1969 to 1975. The design is now out of production.

Design
The Ranger 26 is a small recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass. It has a masthead sloop rig, an internally-mounted spade-type rudder and a fixed fin keel. It displaces  and carries  of iron ballast. The boat has a draft of  with the standard fin keel.

The boat has a hull speed of .

See also
List of sailing boat types

References

Keelboats
1960s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Sailboat type designs by Gary Mull
Sailboat types built by Ranger Yachts
Intrinsic localization. Intrinsic localization is a method used in mobile laser scanning to recover the trajectory of the scanner, after, or during the measurement. Specifically, it is a way to recover the spatial coordinates and the rotation of the scanner without the use of any other sensors, i.e, extrinsic information. To function in practice, intrinsic localization relies on two things. First, a priori knowledge of the scanning instruments, and second, on sensor data overlap employing simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) methods. The term was coined in.

Examples 

Two-dimensional (2D) SLAM is a basic example of intrinsic localization. In three dimensions (3D) with six degrees of freedom, full reconstructions of the environment are feasible

Other ways 

Other, i.e. extrinsic, ways of localizing mobile laser scanners include using global navigation satellite system (GNSS), inertial measurement unit (IMU), knowledge of the scanner inclination angle, or odometry.

References 

Laser science
BIOSTEC. The International Joint Conference on Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies -  BIOSTEC -  is an international joint conference composed of five co-located conferences each specialized in a different knowledge area:

 Biomedical Electronics and Devices
 Bioimaging
 Bioinformatics Models, Methods and Algorithms
 Bio-inspired Systems and Signal Processing
 Health Informatics

This joint conference is held annually and it seems to be interested in the dissemination of the novelties in the topics covered by its sub-conferences.

BIOSTEC had its first edition in 2008 counting with the participation of some keynote speakers like Kevin Warwick. Since then, several names have been invited to deliver keynotes to the BIOSTEC attendees. Among them: David Rose (MIT Media Lab, United States), Bradley Nelson, (ETH Zurich, Switzerland), Edward H. Shortliffe, (Arizona State University, United States), José C. Príncipe (University of Florida, United States), Alberto Cliquet Jr (University of São Paulo & University of Campinas, Brazil), Tanja Schultz (University of Bremen, Germany) and Vimla L. Patel, (Arizona State University, United States).

Besides the presentation of invited talks, the BIOSTEC conferences are composed by different kind of sessions like poster sessions, technical sessions, tutorials, special sessions, workshops, doctoral consortiums, panels and industrial tracks. The papers presented in the conference are made available at the SCITEPRESS digital library, published in the conference proceedings and some of the best papers are invited to a post-publication with Springer.

The 2019 edition of the conference will be held in cooperation with the Swiss Society for
Biomedical Engineering, the International Society for Computational Biology, the European Association for Signal Processing, VDE DGBMT, the European Alliance of Medical and Biological Engineering and Science, the Finnish Society for Medical Physics and Medical Engineering and the Société Française de Génie Biologique et Médical.

Editions

References

External links
 Science and Technology Events
 Conference website
 Event management system
 WikiCfp call for papers

Information systems conferences
Computer science conferences
Academic conferences
Henri Brégi. Henri Brégi (4 December 1888 – 12 January 1917) was a French pioneer aviator. He was the first person to fly an aeroplane in Argentina.

Argentinian flights
Brégi was invited by Jorge Newbery to come to Argentina to make the first flight in that country as part of the centenary celebrations of Argentine Independence. On 6 February 1910, Brégi piloted the first aeroplane flight in Argentina. He had sailed on the steamship Parana from France, arriving on 8 Jan 1910. He brought with him two aeroplanes: both Voisin Biplanes, one with an ENV 60 hp engine and the other with a 50 hp air cooled rotary Gnôme (Octavie III).

Wartime service and death
Henri Brégi was mobilized during the First World War. A pilot of the French Army, he was seconded to the Toulon Maritime Aviation Centre. On 12 January 1917, he volunteered to neutralize a German submarine operating off the harbour. A ditching in the bay of Saint-Mandrier-sur-Mer during the mission overturned the seaplane that Brégi was piloting; he drowned.

References

1888 births
1917 deaths
French aviation pioneers
French World War I pilots
French military personnel killed in World War I
Deaths by drowning in France
Sylvia Libow Martinez. Sylvia Libow Martinez an American engineer whose book Invent To Learn: Making, Tinkering, and Engineering in the Classroom co-authored with Gary S. Stager has been acknowledged as the "bible" of the school Maker Movement. She, with this one book, is largely collected by libraries worldwide.

Sylvia Martinez received her bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from UCLA, and a master's degree in educational technology from Pepperdine. She began her career as an engineer for Magnavox Research Labs focusing on the development of high frequency receiver systems and navigation software for GPS satellites. After six years, she transitioned to educational software development where she presided over the design and development at several software publishers (Davidson & Associates, Knowledge Adventure, and Vivendi Universal) for over a decade. She then shifted to the non-profit world, where she held the position of President at Generation YES. She sought to champion young people in the use of modern technology to advance education and community. This cumulative work provides the groundwork for her co-authorship of the book Invent to Learn: Making, Tinkering, and Engineering in the Classroom. Her time is now spent advancing the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) and Maker Movement initiatives through speaking engagements and workshops and running the educational publishing company Constructing Modern Knowledge Press, and the jazz publishing company Cymbal Press.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American women engineers
American electrical engineers
Pepperdine University alumni
UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
21st-century American women engineers
21st-century American women
San Francisco Bay Restoration Authority. The San Francisco Bay Restoration Authority (SFBRA) is a government agency dedicated to preserving and restoring San Francisco Bay and its shoreline. SFBRA was created by the California legislature in 2008. It is headquartered in Oakland. In 2016, the SFBRA placed a funding measure on the June ballots in all 9 San Francisco Bay Area counties. The measure, known as the San Francisco Bay Clean Water, Pollution Prevention and Habitat Restoration Program or Measure AA, passed by the required 2/3 majority in the combined county vote. The measure provides for $500 million in funding for the authority, to be used to restore wetlands and mitigate expected sea level rise.

The Authority plans to release the first request for proposals in September 2017 and make the first round of grants in early 2018.

See also

Save The Bay
Hydrography of the San Francisco Bay Area
San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission
California State Coastal Conservancy

References

External links
official website

Government in the San Francisco Bay Area
Environment of the San Francisco Bay Area
San Francisco Bay
Organizations based in Oakland, California
2008 establishments in California
Henry G. Dietz. Henry Gordon Dietz is an American electrical engineer and currently the James F. Hardymon Chair professor in Engineering and Networking at the University of Kentucky, an endowed professorship from Textron's CEO. Dietz is also a published author.

References

University of Kentucky faculty
American electrical engineers
American science writers
New York University alumni
Purdue University faculty
Washington University in St. Louis faculty
Stevens Institute of Technology faculty
Nozzle and flapper. The nozzle and flapper mechanism is a displacement type detector which converts mechanical movement into a pressure signal by covering the opening of a nozzle with a flat plate called the flapper. This restricts fluid flow through the nozzle and generates a pressure signal.

It is a widely used mechanical means of creating a high gain fluid amplifier. In industrial control systems, they played an important part in the development of pneumatic PID controllers and are still widely used today in pneumatic and hydraulic control and instrumentation systems.

Operating principle

The operating principle makes use of the high gain effect when a flapper plate is placed a small distance from a small pressurized nozzle emitting a fluid.
 
The example shown is pneumatic. At sub-millimeter distances, a small movement of the flapper plate results in a large change in flow. The nozzle is fed from a chamber which is in turn fed by a restriction, so changes of flow result in changes of chamber pressure. The nozzle diameter must be larger than the restriction orifice in order to work. The high gain of the open loop mechanism can be made linear using a pressure feedback bellows on the flapper to create a force balance system with a linear output. The "live" zero of 0.2 bar or 3 psi is set by the bias spring which ensures that the device is working in its linear region.

The industry standard ranges of either 3-15 psi (USA), or 0.2 - 1.0 bar (metric), is normally used in pneumatic PID controllers, valve positioning servomechanisms and force balance transducers.

Application

The nozzle and flapper in pneumatic controls is a simple low maintenance device which operates well in a harsh industrial environment, and does not present an explosion risk in hazardous atmospheres. They were the industry controller amplifier for many decades until the advent of practical and reliable electronic high gain amplifiers. However they are still used extensively for field devices such as control valve positioners, and I to P and P to I converters.

A proportional controller schematic is shown here.

The set point is transmitted through the flapper plate via the fulcrum to close the orifice and increase the chamber pressure. The feedback bellows resists and the output signal goes to the control valve which opens with increasing actuator pressure. As the flow increases, the process value bellows counteracts the set point bellows until equilibrium is reached. This will be a value below the set point, as there must always be an error to generate an output. The addition of an integral or "reset" bellows would remove this error.

The principle is also used in hydraulic systems controls.

References

 
 

Control engineering
Control devices
Mine survey. Mine surveying is the practice of determining the relative positions of points on or beneath the surface of the earth by direct or indirect measurements of distance, direction & elevation.

International and National Institutions 

 International Society for Mine Surveying (ISM)
 Australian Institute of Mine Surveyiors (AIMS)
 Czech Society of Mine Surveyors and Geologists (SDMG)
 German Mine Surveying Association (DMV e.V)
 Polish Mine Surveying Committee (PK-ISM)
 Institute of Mine Surveyors of South Africa (IMSSA)

See also 
 Surveying
 Land subsidence
 geological survey
 spatial sciences

References

Mining engineering
Civil engineering
São Francisco Xavier Environmental Protection Area. The São Francisco Xavier Environmental Protection Area () is an environmental protection area in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

Location

The São Francisco Xavier Environmental Protection Area (APA) is in the municipality of São José dos Campos, São Paulo.
The municipality is a key destination for regional tourism, with its waterfalls characteristic of the Mantiqueira Mountains ecosystems.
The APA has an area of .

The area holds one of the few remnants of broad leaf rainforest in the state.
The Serra dos Poncianos feeds the watersheds of the Peixe and Fartura rivers, the largest sources for the Jaguari Dam.
The climate is tropical montane, with an average temperature of .
There are several waterfalls, and trails for hiking and mountain biking.
Ecotourism while preserving biodiversity is seen as the most promising local economic activity.

History

The São Francisco Xavier Environmental Protection Area was created by SP state law 11.262 of 8 November 2002, and is regulated by law SMS 64/2008, which instituted its management plan.
It is mainly concerned with protecting water resources and the southern muriqui, a primate.
It is managed by the Fundação Florestal of SP, with support from the prefecture of São José dos Campos.
It is part of the Mantiqueira Mosaic of conservation units, established in 2006.

Notes

Sources

Environmental protection areas of Brazil
Protected areas of São Paulo (state)
2002 establishments in Brazil
Hatef Higher Education Institute. The Hatef Higher Education Institute (HHEI) (, Misish-e Âmvâzesh-e 'ali-ye Hatef) was established in 2005, under the aegis of the Iranian Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. It is located in Zahedan. The main mission of the institute is to educate students and contribute to international research in various fields of engineering comprising, among others, industrial engineering, information technology, civil engineering, electrical engineering.

References

External links 
 Official website of HHEI

Education in Sistan and Baluchestan province
Universities in Iran
Ranger 26-2. The Ranger 26-2 is an American trailerable sailboat, that was designed by Gary Mull.

The Ranger 26-2 design is not related to the Ranger 26, which was designed by Mull in 1969.

Production
The boat was built by Ranger Yachts, in the United States from 1980 until 1982. Ranger Yaxcjhts was a division of Lear Siegler at that time. Only a small number of boats of the design were completed and it is now out of production.

Design
The Ranger 26-2 is a small recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass. It has a fractional sloop rig, an internally-mounted spade-type rudder and a lifting keel. It displaces  and carries  of lead ballast.

The boat has a draft of  with the retractable keel in the fully down position.

The boat has a PHRF racing average handicap of 186 with a high of 201 and low of 159. It has a hull speed of .

See also
List of sailing boat types

References

Keelboats
1970s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Trailer sailers
Sailboat type designs by Gary Mull
Sailboat types built by Ranger Yachts