omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Nikolay Krasilnikov. Nikolay Nikolayevich Krasilnikov (, 22 January 1927 – 6 February 2020) was a Soviet and Russian scientist and educator in the fields of image transmission, image compression and human visual system.

Education
Krasilnikov graduated from the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute in 1950. He earned his Kandidat Nauk (equal to PhD) degree in 1952 and Doktor nauk degree in 1963.

Career
Krasilnikov has worked in Leningrad Institute of Aviation Instrumentation (now Saint Petersburg State University of Aerospace Instrumentation) since 1954. He was head of the Department of Radio transmitting and Television systems in 1957-1994. Under his leadership, department cooperated with leading institutions in USSR in the field of image processing and digital television. One of the first digital television systems in Europe was developed in cooperation with All-union Television Research Institute () in the beginning of the 1970s. As a scientist he developed functional model of human visual system, based on the conception of matched filtering and statistical theory of image transmission.

Death
Nikolay Krasilnikov died on 6 February 2020, at the age of 93.

Awards and recognition 
 The Russian Federation Government Prize in education (2009)

References 

1927 births
2020 deaths
Russian neuroscientists
Soviet neuroscientists
People from Irkutsk
Zebra Fish (sculpture). Zebra Fish is an outdoor 1989 sculpture by Wayne Chabre, installed at the University of Oregon campus in Eugene, Oregon, in the United States. The hammered copper sheet high-relief measures approximately  x  x . It was surveyed and deemed "treatment needed" by the Smithsonian Institution's "Save Outdoor Sculpture!" in March 1993. It is administered by the University of Oregon.

See also
 1989 in art

References

1989 establishments in Oregon
1989 sculptures
Animal sculptures in Oregon
Copper sculptures in Oregon
Sculptures of fish in the United States
Outdoor sculptures in Eugene, Oregon
Sculptures by Wayne Chabre
University of Oregon campus
Many station. The Kansas City Southern Railway Depot is a historic former Kansas City Southern Railway station located at 750 West Georgia Avenue in Many, Louisiana. The depot was built in 1929 to replace the original depot, which opened in 1896 when the railroad was completed through the town. The Spanish Colonial Revival building features arched parapets atop projecting walls and corner piers with curved decorative pieces on top. Many's economy and municipal government were revitalized by the railway's completion, and the station brought both passengers and freight to and from the town. The local lumber industry, the chief export of Sabine Parish, shipped its products out through the station, and a small business district grew around the station.

The station was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 22, 2000. At the time, it was used by the Sabine Council on Aging.

See also 
 Kansas City Southern Depot (Zwolle, Louisiana)
 Kansas City Southern Railway Locomotive No. 73D and Caboose No. 385
 National Register of Historic Places listings in Sabine Parish, Louisiana

References

Railway stations on the National Register of Historic Places in Louisiana
Spanish Colonial Revival architecture in Louisiana
Railway stations in the United States opened in 1929
National Register of Historic Places in Sabine Parish, Louisiana
Many
Former railway stations in Louisiana
1929 establishments in Louisiana
Transportation in Sabine Parish, Louisiana
Station
Sidney Armor Reeve. Sidney Armor Reeve (March 27, 1866, in Dayton, Ohio - June 12, 1941, in Nyack, NY) was a writer and professor of Steam and Hydraulic Engineering at the Worcester Polytechnic Institute between 1896-1906. During his time at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Reeve was an active member in the Pi Iota Chapter of Phi Gamma Delta fraternity. He was employed as a consulting engineer in New York City between 1908 and 1932 and held over 50 patents on inventions.

Biography 
He founded the scientific field of social energetics, which was later expanded on by Frederick Soddy in his book The Role of Money.

He was inspired by reading Henry George to investigate sociology. He came to the conclusion that the same mathematics and reasoning applied equally to entropy, energy and thermodynamics in steam boilers as well as in the social body.

Bibliography 
 The cost of competition : an effort at the understanding of familiar facts
 Energy; work, heat and transformations
 The entropy-temperature analysis of steam-engine efficiencies
 Modern economic tendencies; an economic history of America
 Reeve's Plan for economic democracy
 The thermodynamics of heat-engines

References

Sources
 Kass, Irving M. 1942 "Sidney Armor Reeve: Social Energetist," Land and Freedom, January-February
 Obituary Record of Graduates of Yale University Deceased During The Year 1940-1941

External links 

 Works by Sidney A. Reeve

Engineers from Ohio
1866 births
1941 deaths
People from Dayton, Ohio
Self-assembly based manufacturing. Self-assembly based manufacturing refers to a controlled process of using self-assembly and programmable matter to manufacture a product on an industrial scale. In traditional manufacturing and fabrication, there are physical and precision limitations on a workpiece; namely, lower minimal dimension of a workpiece has been a major challenge in modern manufacturing. Engineering self-assembly methods have a significant potentials in overcoming the dimensional limitation of a workpiece. In general, there are three key ingredients in most of self assembly applications: geometry (order), interaction, energy. To improve the efficiency or take shape in self-assembly based manufacturing, it must utilize one or more than one of these three ingredients. This is an emerging market with few examples to date. However, this field shows a strong potential to revolutionize many industrial markets from nanoelectronics to bio-engineering.

Successful processes 

Many processes have been successfully developed at laboratory scale and show promise for future expansion into large-scale industrial manufacturing.  
 Sequence-specific molecular lithography on single DNA molecules
 Direct molecular assembly on metal surfaces
 Amyloid fibers and selective metal deposition: NM protein fibers have been demonstrated to create nanowires useful in connecting electrodes in laboratory testing.
 Surface-tension-directed-self-assembly of electronic components.
One example is the automated reel to reel fluidic self-assembly machine demonstrated by University of Minnesota researchers. The machine was designed to produce lighting panels using Light-emitting diodes. Assembly was performed at twice the hourly rate of commercially available pick and place machines for SMT placement equipment, 15,000 chips per hour compared to 8,000 chips per hour. At the same time, the self-assembly exceeded the accuracy rate of the pick and place machine as well.

Potential future applications 
Fabrication of materials used in most extreme environments, such as space, high altitude, free-fall scenarios, or deep sea. environments have advantageous conditions for allowing increase in self assembly interaction with less or minimum energy consumption. Applications in these environments often require high precision and have more difficulties; however, it has less constraints in existing construction.

References 

Manufacturing
FastShip, Inc.. FastShip, Inc. was a company that proposed a new seaborne intermodal cargo service in the 1990s and filed for bankruptcy reorganization in 2012.

FastShip's predecessor company, Thornycroft, Giles & Co. was awarded several patents for designs of fast, monohull ships in the early 1990s. FastShip Atlantic, Inc. was incorporated in 1992 to commercialize Thornycroft, Giles' design.

FastShip, Inc. was incorporated in Delaware in October 1997, and in the same month, founder David L. Giles described an improved logistics process in Scientific American.

FastShip Atlantic, Inc. specifically proposed to cross the Atlantic Ocean in less than 95 hours, compared with 160 hours on conventional container ships, and to load and unload intermodal containers in less than six hours on each end, compared to conventional times of 48 hours. In all, the company proposed to cut terminal-to-terminal times from 256 hours to 107 hours. The transit time would be seven days between major industrial centers of Western Europe and the East and Midwest of the United States.

FastShip Atlantic proposed using the Port of Philadelphia as its western terminus and Cherbourg, France, as its eastern terminus.

A FastShip TG770 could carry 1432 TEUs (twenty-foot equivalent containers), loaded on two levels. The ship's hull in principle is a semi-displacement V steel, having a length of 265 meters, a width of 40 meters and a draft of 10.50 meters. The propulsion system comprised 5 jet turbines, each operating a water jet.

FastShip, Inc., FastShip Atlantic, Inc., and Thornycroft, Giles & Co. filed for bankruptcy together in Delaware in March, 2012, and was discharged in September 2012.

References

American companies established in 1997
White House Big Dig. The White House Big Dig was the name used in press reports to describe a multi-year construction project at the White House that began in September 2010 and temporarily concluded in 2012, with a second phase planned for the future. According to the General Services Administration (GSA), the $376-million project, which involved a multi-story excavation adjacent to the West Wing, was to replace electrical wiring and update air conditioning. A second phase of the project, with an unannounced start date, will involve a similar excavation adjacent to the East Wing. Funds for the White House Big Dig were allocated by a congressional appropriation made in late 2001.

Despite the utilitarian description of its purpose, the project came to be the object of intense media speculation. The Washington Post characterized the GSA description of the project as a "nothing to see here story" while The New York Times, citing an anonymous source, claimed it was "security-related construction."  The Associated Press reported that a privacy screen was placed around the construction site for its duration and sub-contractors on the project were required to cover identifying marks or logos on their company vehicles, measures which it implied were unusual. ABC News, meanwhile, equated the construction project as a "mystery" on-par with "what happened to the dinosaurs". In a story set to the theme song from the science fiction television program The X-Files, reporter John Berman sarcastically commented "maybe it is a bunch of pipes and wires ... just like Area 51".

In 2013, RealClearPolitics reported that a "clone" of the Oval Office would be built in the Eisenhower Executive Office Building, as the Oval Office would be unusable during the second phase of the White House Big Dig. White House press secretary Jay Carney subsequently rebutted that report as false.

References

Conspiracy theories in the United States
Engineering projects
Big Dig
2010s in Washington, D.C.
Nu River Bridge. Nu River Bridge () is a railroad bridge part of the Dali–Ruili Railway in China's Yunnan province. It is  long. Construction started January 24, 2016. The steel truss arch bridge has a main span of 490 meters and a total length of 1024 meters, with the bridge deck being 211 meters above the Nu River.

Notes

Bridges in Yunnan
Transport in Baoshan, Yunnan
Proposed bridges in China
Xinhai Constructed Wetland. The Xinhai Constructed Wetland () is a constructed wetland in Banqiao District, New Taipei, Taiwan.

History
Through the late 20th century, the banks of Dahan Creek turned into garbage dumps due to the growing population and factories within the area which were not served by proper sewage treatment facilities. During heavy rain, the garbage would obstruct the water flow of the creek. In 1992, the Taipei County Government Environmental Protection Bureau launched a project to relocate the old garbage dumps lining the creek. During the Typhoon Herb in July–August 1996, drifting garbage clogged the creek course causing floods. Afterwards in 2003, three sections of Xinhai Constructed Wetland were constructed. The wetland construction was finished in 2009.

Geology
The wetland is located along the Dahan Creek, featuring eight crops, which are paddy rice, wild rice stems, water spinach, foxnut, marsh calla, water caltrop, lotus and crested floatingheart.

Transportation
The wetland is accessible within walking distance south of Xinzhuang Station of Taipei Metro.

See also
 Geography of Taiwan

References

2009 establishments in Taiwan
Constructed wetlands in Taiwan
Landforms of New Taipei
Tourist attractions in New Taipei
Banqiao District
Atul Sobti. Atul Sobti was the chairman and managing director from January 2016 to June 2019 of Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), India's largest Maharatna public sector engineering and manufacturing enterprise. Prior to his taking over the helms at BHEL in January 2016, Sobti was director on the board of BHEL, heading two portfolios of power and finance. Earlier, he also held additional charge of director (engineering, R&D). Sobti was also part-time chairman on the board of Raichur Power Corporation Limited, a joint venture company of BHEL and Karnataka Power Corporation Ltd.

Sobti is a graduate in mechanical engineering and a post graduate in international management. He also has a diploma in project management. 

As director (power), Sobti was responsible for the power sector business of BHEL.  Prior to joining the board of BHEL in 2013, Sobti worked in various capacities in segments of BHEL, including that of international operations; a major manufacturing plant of BHEL at Hyderabad; corporate planning and development; new capital projects; and project engineering and systems integration divisions at BHEL Hyderabad, and Bangalore.

Sobti is the chairman of the CII Council on Public Sector Enterprises. He is also the chair of CII's National Committee of Capital Goods and Engineering.

References

1. https://web.archive.org/web/20160509133317/https://academics.mnnit.ac.in/convocation/data/Atul%20Sobti.pdf

Businesspeople from Maharashtra
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Asian Institute of Management alumni
Fabric of Security. The Fabric of Security, also known as Cyber Security Fabric or Federated Security, refers to systems designed to protect the Information Systems infrastructure of the home, a corporation or government from malicious attackers. Protection in this sense means guaranteeing the confidentiality, integrity, and the availability of the information stored in the system ("SYSTEM"), and its elements or components.

Unlike endpoint security, network security, web application security, and Internet security, Fabric of Security Systems assume that attacks will be successful, and cannot be averted. Therefore, the emphasis shifts from attempting to prevent unauthorized access to that of minimizing the time to detect the unauthorized access, the time to isolate the unauthorized access from doing harm, and finally, the time to remove the offending process and reconfiguration of the system back into a "SAFE" state.

Security essentials

Security refers to processes and systems designed to protect the assets of an individual, system and/or organization from harm. Computer Security (a.k.a. cyber security) refers to processes and systems designed to protect computer and/or information system assets from harm. In general, such assets are: (1) information/ data, (2) programs and applications, and (3) services. Protecting assets from harm means:

Confidentiality – assets are used/access only by authorized parties (also refer to as secrecy or privacy)

Integrity – assets can be modified only by authorized parties and only in authorize ways (“insider threat”)

Availability – assets are available to authorize parties at time to.

Lampson's Protection Model

In 1971, Butler Lampson introduced the general model of protection of computer or information system assets. Protection systems implemented since then followed Lampson's original formulation, the Access control matrix. Fundamentally the universe is divided into two classes of entities: Objects (which need to be protected) and Subjects (which use the Objects). The Objects are also called Resources and the Subjects are also called Principals.

A resource is an object for which a protection policy has been established. Access to Objects is restricted via a protection system, called a reference monitor, that implements the protection policies of the system. Namely the reference monitor or "Guard System" must: (1) identifies the identity of the Principal claiming access to an object - Principal is identity, (2) authentication - validates that the Principal claiming access to an object is who he/she/it claims to be, and (3) authorization - is the principal claiming access to an object authorized to access said object.

References

Computer security
European Journal of Operational Research. The European Journal of Operational Research (EJOR) is a peer-reviewed academic journal in operations research. It was founded in 1977 by the Association of European Operational Research Societies, and is published by Elsevier, with Roman Słowiński as its Co-ordinating Editor. Currently, it publishes at a rate of 24 issues per annual volume, with approximately 250 pages per issue.

It is a top journal (CABS 4; ABDC A*) and the primary journal for Europe-based studies of operations research. It is the world's largest operations research journal. For most years since 1999 it has been ranked by SCImago Journal Rank as a top-quartile journal in information systems and management, management science and operations research, and modeling and simulation.

References

Operations research journals
Business and management journals
Academic journals established in 1977
Serrurier. Serrurier derives from serrurier which means locksmith in French.

Serrurier is a surname and may refer to:

 Pierre Serrurier - Dutch millenarian theologian
 Doug Serrurier - South African racing driver and racing car constructor
 Mark U. Serrurier - American engineer who designed the Serrurier truss
 Auguste Serrurier - French competitor in the sport of archery
 Mark Serrurier - son of Dutch-born electrical engineer, Iwan Serrurier
 Iwan Serrurier - Dutch-born electrical engineer notable for inventing the Moviola
 Louis Serrurier - South African cricketer
 Gustave Serrurier-Bovy - Belgian architect and furniture designer
Spelled Sérurier:
 Jean-Mathieu-Philibert Sérurier - French marshal of the Empire

References

External links
Distribution of the surname [https://serrurierbruxelles.eu in Belgium]
Serrurier Bruxelles

French-language surnames
Occupational surnames
Meson bomb. The meson bomb was a proposed nuclear weapon that would derive its destructive force from meson interactions with fissionable material like uranium. The idea behind the bomb was rejected by most scientists, but during the Cold War, American intelligence managed to trick the Soviet Union into conducting research on this topic, which resulted in several years of wasted labor by one of the Soviet nuclear weapon research bureaus.

Origins

Mesons (hadronic subatomic particles composed of one quark and one antiquark, bound together by the strong interaction) were proposed to form a nuclear weapon as early as the 1940s. Early speculation suggested that the resulting bomb would be the most powerful nuclear weapon yet to have been developed. American  physicist Ernest Lawrence used the potential military applications of mesons to obtain funding for its  synchrocyclotron built between 1940 and 1946 at the University of California, Berkeley. Soon, however, the scientific consensus was that construction of such a bomb would be impossible; and in 1968 physicist M. Stanley Livingston wrote that "no responsible scientists would attempt to justify support in this field with predictions of an 'anti-matter engine,' or a super 'meson bomb,' or a 'hyper-drive' for spaceships."

Soviet research
In the 1960s, however, the Soviet Union became convinced that the United States had already developed the meson bomb, and devoted considerable resources to developing its own. In 1994, Russian physicist and chief constructor of nuclear weapons bureau KB-11 (Design Bureau No. 11, set up in 1946) Arkadiy Brish stated that their work on the meson bomb was prompted by intelligence. Even though physicists Yuliy Borisovich Khariton and Yakov Borisovich Zel'dovich agreed that the reports were nonsensical, the directors of the Soviet atomic bomb project decided to pursue this line of research, which resulted in several years of fruitless labor. Brish attributed this to American disinformation.

See also
Red mercury – a similar fictional atomic weapon pursued by the Soviets and other groups

References

Nuclear weapons program of the United States
Mesons
Proposed weapons
Nuclear weapons program of the Soviet Union
No. 42 (Expeditionary Support) Wing RAF. No. 42 (Expeditionary Support) Wing RAF is a wing of the Royal Air Force A4 Force based at RAF Wittering. It provides high readiness, specialist engineering support for air operations around the world.

42 (ES) Wing was formed in November 2007 to provide a command structure for the Royal Air Force's engineering Air Combat Service Support Units (ACSSUs).  Its name and badge are taken from that of No. 42 Group, which was responsible for Royal Air Force bomb and fuel storage during World War II. The Wing motto 'Fulmen Alatum Tenemus' translates as 'We hold in readiness the winged thunderbolts'.

Structure
The wing consists of:
 No. 71 Inspection and Repair (IR) Squadron
 No. 93 Expeditionary Armaments (EA) Squadron
 No. 5001 Squadron
Joint Aircraft Recovery and Transportation Squadron

Commanding Officers

2007 Aug-Oct: Sqn Ldr J S Phillips

2007 - 2009: Wing Commander AJ Knight

2009 - 2011: Wing Commander PM Saul

2011 - 2014: Wing Commander CD Tucker

2014 - 2016: Wing Commander BM Plant

2016 - 2018: Wing Commander CS Watson

2018 - 2020: Wing Commander DA Penter

2020 - 2022: Wing Commander MJ Dutton

2022 -         : Wing Commander MPC Smith

References

External links
 

Expeditionary Support 042
42
Military units and formations of the United Kingdom in the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)
Military units and formations established in 2007
2007 establishments in the United Kingdom