omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Hydrogenated MDI. Hydrogenated MDI (H12MDI or 4,4′-diisocyanato dicyclohexylmethane) is an organic compound in the class known as isocyanates. More specifically, it is an aliphatic diisocyanate. It is a water white liquid at room temperature and is manufactured in relatively small quantities. It is also known as 4,4'-methylenedi(cyclohexyl isocyanate) or methylene bis(4-cyclohexylisocyanate) and has the formula CH2[(C6H10)NCO]2.

Manufacture
The product is manufactured by hydrogenation of methylene diphenyl diisocyanate. It may also be manufactured by phosgenation of 4,4-Diaminodicyclohexylmethane.

Uses
Aliphatic diisocyanates are not used in the production of polyurethane foam as the cost is too high and foam is very much a commodity. It is used in special applications for polyurethane, such as enamel coatings which are resistant to abrasion and degradation from ultraviolet light. There are also multiple patents where prepolymers based on it are used in golf ball production. It is available commercially under the tradename of Desmodur W from Covestro - formerly Bayer Material Science. It is used as a reactive building block for the preparation of other chemical products such as isocyanate terminated prepolymers and other urethane polymers. The isocyanate groups can undergo addition reactions at room temperature with compounds which contain active hydrogens especially amines and polyols. Polyurethane resins based on this diisocyanate have good flexibility and mechanical strength. The polymers formed tend to have abrasion and hydrolysis resistance as well as retaining gloss and physical properties upon weathering. The resins based on this material are useful in coatings for flooring, roofing, maintenance and adhesives, and sealants. They find use in the coatings, adhesives, sealants and elastomers (CASE) applications. A prepolymer made from H12MDI and incorporating dimethylol propionic acid can also be converted to light stable polyurethane dispersions.

See also
 Hexamethylene diisocyanate
 Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate
 Toluene diisocyanate
 Isophorone diisocyanate

References

Isocyanates
Monomers
Cyclohexanes
Organic compounds
Ariel Patterson (pilot boat). The Ariel Patterson was a 19th century Sandy Hook pilot boat built in 1864 for a group of New York Pilots. She was built by the shipbuilder Ariel Patterson. After nineteen years of service, she was struck and sank off Sea Bright, New Jersey by the steamer Commonwealth in 1883. She was raised and purchased by the Coast Wreaking Company.

Construction and service 

The New York pilot-boat Ariel Patterson, No. 12, was built during the American Civil War, when building of new pilot boats became necessary. She was launched on November 23, 1864 by the Ariel Patterson shipyard at the foot of North Third Street, Brooklyn, New York. The Ariel Patterson was named in honor of the shipbuilder Ariel Patterson, founder of the shipyard.

The Ariel Patterson was formerly named the Christianberg. She was the oldest pilot-boat in the service. Sandy Hook pilot Camille Lavand and Captain Jacob Britton, were pilots on the pilot-boat Christianberg.

The Ariel Patterson was registered with Record of American and Foreign Shipping from 1879 to 1885. Her owners were the New York Pilots, belonging to the port of New York.  Pilot John W. Stanton was the ship Captain. Her dimensions were 75 ft. in length; 28 ft. breadth of beam; 7 ft. in depth; and 54-tons burthen. The boat number "12" was painted in black on her mainsail to distinguish her from other pilot-boats.

End of service

On 5 March 1883, the pilot-boat Ariel Patterson, No. 12, was run down and sank off Sea Bright, New Jersey, by the steamer Commonwealth. Pilot John Campbell, of Staten Island, went down with the ship. His body, was found off Cape Henlopen. John Canvin Sr., John Canvin Jr. and the rest of the crew were rescued by the Commonwealth and brought to port.  The Ariel Patterson had on board pilots, John W. Stanton, John Canvin Sr., John Canvin Jr., and John Campbell; Boatkeeper Alexander Cochran, a cook and four sailors. She was owned by a company of New York pilots, including Eugene H. Sulivan, John Canvin Sr., John Canvin Jr., and John W. Stanton. The boat was worth $10,000 and was insured.

The Ariel Patterson was raised and purchased by the Coast Wrecking Company. She was lifted by the use of tugs and pontoons. The Ariel Patterson was then towed to Gowanus, Brooklyn.

See also
List of Northeastern U. S. Pilot Boats

References 

Individual sailing vessels
Schooners of the United States
Service vessels of the United States
1864 ships
Pilot boats
Ships built in Brooklyn
Maritime incidents in March 1883
Bridges Point 24. The Bridges Point 24 is an American trailerable sailboat that was designed by Joel White as a daysailer and cruiser and first built in 1985.

Production
The design was built by Bridges Point Boatyard, starting in 1985 and later by the Bridges Point Boat Company in Bar Harbor, Maine, United States and remains in production.

The boat was originally a 1984 design commission by Wade Dow, a local lobster fisherman, who wanted a boat to sail in the off-season, with an emphasis on traditional aesthetics. Dow put the boat into production and produced 80 examples over 25 years. In 2008, with waning demand, the molds were put into storage.

In 2012 Dow offered the molds to  Jock Williams of the John Williams Boat Company to restart production, but Williams declined. The molds were instead purchased by an employee of his, Bill Wright, the production department manager, who formed the Bridges Point Boat Company to produce the design.

Design
The Bridges Point 24 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of seven-layer, hand laid fiberglass, with extensive wood trim. It has a fractional sloop rig; a spooned, raked stem; a raised counter, angled transom; a lazarette; a keel-mounted rudder controlled by a tiller and a fixed long keel. It displaces  and carries  of lead ballast.

The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel.

The boat has a choice of inboard Yanmar diesel engines or gasoline engines, or  outboard motors for docking and maneuvering. If an outboard motor is fitted it is mounted in a stern well.

The design has sleeping accommodation for four people, with a double "V"-berth in the bow cabin and two quarter berths aft, under the cockpit. The galley is located on the port side just forward of the companionway ladder. The galley is equipped with a two-burner stove and a sink, with an icebox optional. The head is portable type. Cabin headroom is .

During early production a daysailer or cruiser option was offered. The former has a longer cockpit and smaller cabin. Kits for amateur completion were also offered.

The design has a PHRF racing average handicap of 246 and a hull speed of .

Operational history
The boat is supported by an active class club that organizes racing events, the Bridges Point Sailing Club.

In a 2010 review of the Bridges Point Boatyard model, Steve Henkel wrote, "Best features: This boat features very high quality construction in the Maine boatyard tradition. If you buy new, you can have pretty much whatever kind of boat you want. Worst feature: New or used, you'd better bring your checkbook with
you—the one for the account with lots of disposable cash."

See also
List of sailing boat types

References

External links

Old official Bridges Point Boatyard website archives on Archive.org

Keelboats
1980s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Trailer sailers
Sailboat type designs by Joel White
Sailboat types built by Bridges Point Boat Company
Sailboat types built by Bridges Point Boatyard
Stephen A. Jarvis. Stephen A. Jarvis is a British computer scientist and academic administrator. He is currently Provost and Vice-Principal at the University of Birmingham. Prior to this he served as pro-vice-chancellor at the university and head of its College of Engineering and Physical Sciences.

Before joining the University of Birmingham he was Deputy Pro-Vice-Chancellor (Research) at the University of Warwick, where he led industry-academic partnerships in the area of big data and established an international scholarship programme in AI. He also supported the establishment of The Alan Turing Institute, the United Kingdom's national institute for data science and artificial intelligence, where he served as a non-executive director and trustee between 2018 and 2020.

He studied at London, Oxford and Durham Universities before taking his first Lectureship at the University of Oxford Computing Laboratory. In 2009 he was awarded a four-year Royal Society Industry Fellowship with Rolls-Royce. He continues to support the development of Rolls-Royce's standard aerodynamic design tool, which underpins the way that Rolls-Royce now designs and builds its turbo-fan engines. This research recently won the award for the best Best Scientific Visualization  at the 2022 Supercomputing (SC) Conference, the premier international conference on supercomputing attended by over 10,000 delegates annually. 

He became the Director of the EPSRC Centre for Doctoral Training in Urban Science  in 2014 and co-led the founding of the Center for Urban Science and Progress (CUSP) in New York and London. In 2020 he oversaw the trials of the UK's first hydrogen-powered train  and research and development programmes with High Speed 2 (HS2). He is currently a non-executive Director at the Manufacturing Technology Centre (MTC), established in 2010 to bridge the gap between academia and industry and which represents one of the largest public sector investments in UK manufacturing.

References 

Living people
Alumni of Queen Mary University of London
Alumni of Exeter College, Oxford
Members of the Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford
People associated with the University of Warwick
Academics of the University of Birmingham
British computer scientists
English computer scientists
Fellows of the British Computer Society
Year of birth missing (living people)
Alumni of St Chad's College, Durham
Pathfinder (video game). Pathfinder is a maze  shooter written by Randy Jongens for Atari 8-bit computers. It was published in 1982 by Gebelli Software.

Gameplay

The object of Pathfinder is to clean an underground maze of canisters of radioactive waste. These canisters are scattered in the maze and can be collected on contact by the Pathfinder, controlled by the player. Complicating this, radioactive creatures will attempt to stop the player. These are: Nukes, absorbing power from nuclear waste, Phantoms, moving through walls and Minelayers moving throughout the whole level placing mines. To defend himself the player is armed with a plasma gun that can be fired in any of eight directions. If the player shoots a mine, he will start a fire, which can spread through a maze.

A level is completed by removing all radioactive waste. The game has nine levels, each characterized by color changes and sometimes changes in the structure of the maze itself.

Reception
The Addison-Wesley Book of Atari Software 1984 concluded: "It's very hard to classify this game as either good or bad. While on the one hand it appeared to be a superficial and repetitious game, many of the teens who played it enjoyed seeing half of the maze on fire and then trying to put it out."

References

External links

Review in Creative Computing
Review in Compute!

1982 video games
Atari 8-bit computer games
Atari 8-bit computer-only games
Maze games
Video games about nuclear technology
Video games developed in the United States
Upland–Ontario Line. The Upland–Ontario Line is a former Pacific Electric streetcar line in San Bernardino County, California. Cars did not travel to Downtown Los Angeles and instead provided a local service between Ontario and Upland with through service to Pomona.

History

Pacific Electric acquired the Ontario and San Antonio Heights Railroad Company on April 13, 1912, bringing their Euclid Avenue Line in Upland as well as their branch to Pomona into the interurban network. Connections to main line steam trains were made at Ontario Southern Pacific Station. The Ontario–Upland Line was officially interlined with service to Pomona via North Pomona until 1918, after which Pacific Electric no longer advertised the route as such. The line operated with an irregular schedule between Ontario and Upland until service was abandoned after October 6, 1928.

References

Bibliography

 

Pacific Electric routes
1912 establishments in California
Railway services discontinued in 1928
1926 disestablishments in California
Closed railway lines in the United States
Pogo Structures. Pogo Structures is a French boat builder founded in Quimper by Christian Bouroullec in 1987. The company moved in 1990 to Combrit, specializes in the design and manufacture of racing and cruising sailboats. It launched its first motor boat in 2017.

As of 2020, the 80 people shipyard has produced 900 boats, with an average of 55 per year over the last few years.

Construction
Pogo Structures uses, since 2004, the vacuum infusion process to build lightweight and stiff fiberglass sandwich boats. Starting 2007, the cruising range benefits from a lifting keel option.

Cruising sailboats

Racing sailboats

Motor boats

See also
 List of sailboat designers and manufacturers

References

French boat builders
Manufacturing companies established in 1987
French brands
French companies established in 1987
Sailboat manufacturers
1956 Lehigh Engineers football team. The 1956 Lehigh Engineers football team was an American football team that represented Lehigh University during the 1956 college football season. Lehigh won the Middle Three Conference championship.

In their 11th year under head coach Bill Leckonby, the Engineers compiled a 7–2 record and defeated both Middle Three Conference opponents. Alex Maslowsky was the team captain.

Lehigh played its home games at Taylor Stadium on the university's main campus in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.

Schedule

References

Lehigh
Lehigh Mountain Hawks football seasons
Lehigh Engineers football
Lim Hyesook. Lim Hye-sook (; born 1963) is a Korean electronics engineering professor at Ewha Womans University served as Minister of Science and ICT under President Moon Jae-in from May 2021 to 2021. Lim was the first woman to lead the country's science ministry.

Education
Lim earned her bachelor’s and master's degrees in engineering from the Department of Control and Instrumentation at Seoul National University and a Ph.D. in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of Texas at Austin.

Career

Before joining academia, Lim worked at Samsung-HP joint venture after finishing her undergraduate studies and Bell Labs and Cisco Systems after her doctorate studies.

Lim began her teaching career at Ewha Womans University in 2002 receiving full tenure in 2011. Lim took various roles at the University serving as the head of its Department of Electronics Engineering from 2005 to 2007, the associate dean of its School of Engineering from 2009 to 2011 and the dean of its College of Engineering from 2018 to 2020. Lim also sat as the Associate VP for academic affairs of the University from 2012 to 2014.
In Moon's press conference shortly after his special address marking his fourth year in office, Moon explained the reason for her nomination that increasing women's workforce participation is one of prominent solutions in nurturing much-needed professionals in innovative economy sectors such as semiconductor, AI and digital economy and he expects Lim to set one of precedents for them. 

In 2020, Lim was elected chair of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers - the first woman in its over-70-year history.

In May 2021, Lim signed the Artemis Accord on behalf of the Ministry and the government officially joining moon exploration project with nine other countries. 

Lim was previously Moon's Chairperson of one of the Ministry's child agencies, the National Research Council of Science and Technology, which oversees 25 government-funded research institutes in the field such as Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute and Korea Aerospace Research Institute. Lim was the youngest and the first woman to lead the council.

Awards 

 Science and Technology Medal by the government of South Korea (2020)
 Stars in Computer Networking and Communications by N2Women (2019)
 Woman Scientist/Engineer of the Year Award by then-Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (2014)
2025 class of IEEE Fellows

References 

Living people
1963 births
Seoul National University alumni
University of Texas at Austin alumni
Academic staff of Ewha Womans University
Electronics engineers
Science and ICT ministers of South Korea
Women government ministers of South Korea
South Korean women academics
21st-century South Korean women scientists
South Korean women engineers
Fellows of the IEEE
Ganophyllite. Ganophyllite is a phyllosilicate mineral. It was named by Axel Hamberg in 1890 from the Greek words for leaf (φύλλον) and luster (γανωμα); the latter one was chosen due to the lustrous cleavages. The mineral was approved by the IMA in 1959, and it is a grandfathered mineral, meaning its name is still believed to refer to an existing species until this day. Tamaite is the calcium analogue, while eggletonite is the natrium analogue of said mineral.

Properties 
Ganophyllite is a member of the ganophyllite group, among with eggletonite and tamaite, and it is the potassium variety of eggletonite. Common impurities of the mineral include lead, iron, calcium, barium, and zinc. The zinc impurities can be explained with the fact the mineral usually grows in zinc-manganese mines. The formula of ganophyllite includes potassium (K), while eggletonite includes sodium (Na) and tamaite includes calcium (Ca). It has a barely detectable potassium radioactivity and a barely detectable 1.8% radiation measured by GRapi (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units). It mostly consists of oxygen (47.02%), manganese (21.77%) and silicon (16.69%), but otherwise contains aluminium (5.88%), potassium (3.87%), which gives ganophyllite its radioactive attributes, magnesium (2.41%), hydrogen (1.6%) and sodium (0.76%). Ganophyllite is pleochroic, which means the mineral's color seems as though it changes depending on the axis it is inspected on: on the X axis, it is seen in a pale yellow-brown color, and on the Y and Z axis, it can be seen as a dark yellow-brown gem. The mineral has a foliated crystal habit - it forms platy, thin sheets that part, and are layered on top of one another.

Distribution 
Ganophyllite occurs in metamorphosed manganese deposits, especially in zinc-manganese ones. It is a type locality of the Harstigen mine in Sweden, although the first specimen was found at the Nant mine in Wales, however, it can also be found in the Benallt mine as well. Other places where it has been found include Molinello and Gambatesa mines in Italy, Maple-Hovey deposits in Franklin, New Jersey and at Mont Saint-Hilaire in Canada. Asian mines include the Kumahata mine,  the Noda-Tamagawa mine, the Ananai mine, and the Osu and Yonoyama mines, all in Japan. Ganophyllite can be found at the Broken hill in Australia as well.

Associated minerals 
Ganophyllite has a lot of minerals associated with it, although most of it is mine specific. In each mine, the minerals associated with ganophyllite may vary.

In the Harstigen mine, the associated minerals are the followings: pyrophanite, caryopilite, calcite, garnet, rhodonite, barite, lead, and manganoan biotite.

Ganophyllites from the Molinello mine have the following associated minerals: caryopilite and parsettensite.

The following associated minerals can occur with specimens from Franklin: axinite, rhodonite, datolite, willemite, , bustamite, charlesite, clinohedrite and roeblingite.

References 

Radioactive minerals
Phyllosilicates
Gilbert Gilkes & Gordon. Gilbert Gilkes & Gordon, known as Gilkes, is an English hydropower engineering company based in Kendal, Cumbria, founded in 1853.

The company makes hydropower turbines and engine cooling pumps. One of the company's notable products is the Turgo turbine, invented in 1919 by Eric Crewdson whose grandson Charles Crewdson OBE is,  the company chairman.

History
In 1853 two brothers named Williamson established a company at Canal Head, Kendal. The first turbine they built in 1856 was installed at Holmescales Farm at Old Hutton and powered farm machinery there for more than a century. This, the "Williamson Bros Vortex Turbine No. 1", survives and is in the collection of Lakeland Arts; it was part of the Museum of Lakeland Life & Industry in Kendal,  closed during redevelopment of Abbot Hall.

In 1881 Gilbert Gilkes (1845-1924) bought Williamson Brothers, and remained the company chairman until 1920, when he was succeeded by his nephew, Norman Forster Wilson (born 1869).

In 1932 the company acquired James Gordon & Co, and became Gilbert Gilkes & Gordon.

Gilkes Energy was formed as a subsidiary in 2010 and works in hydropower project development.

Recognition
The company holds a Royal warrant as "Water Turbine Engineers" to Elizabeth II. In 2010 the company was awarded The Queen's Award for Enterprise: International Trade (Export).

References

External links

 

Companies based in Cumbria
Kendal
Engineering companies of England
Manufacturing companies established in 1853
British companies established in 1853
Water turbine manufacturers
Boron cycle. The boron cycle is the biogeochemical cycle of boron through the atmosphere, lithosphere, biosphere, and hydrosphere.

Atmospheric and terrestrial fluxes

Boron in the atmosphere is derived from soil dusts, volcanic emissions, forest fires, evaporation of boric acid from seawater, biomass emissions, and sea spray. Sea salt aerosols are the largest flux to the atmosphere. On land, boron cycles through the biosphere by rock weathering, and wet and dry deposition from the atmosphere.

Ocean fluxes
The marine biosphere circulates a large reservoir of boron. Dissolved boron is delivered to the ocean by river transport, wet deposition, submarine groundwater discharge, and hydrothermal vents. Boron is lost from the oceans in emissions from the ocean surface, deposition of organic materials and sediments (mostly carbonates), and the subduction of ocean sediment.

Anthropogenic impacts
The boron cycle has been significantly impacted by human activity. Major anthropogenic fluxes are coal mining and combustion, oil production, emissions from industrial factories, biofuels, landfills, and mining and processing of boron ores. Anthropogenic boron fluxes to the hydrosphere and atmosphere have increased and anthropogenic fluxes now exceed the natural boron fluxes.

Notes

References 

Biogeochemical cycle
Boron