omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Borocarbonitrides. Borocarbonitrides are two-dimensional compounds that contain boron, nitrogen, and carbon atoms in a ratio BxCyNz. Borocarbonitrides are distinct from B,N co-doped graphene in that the former contains separate boron nitride and graphene domains as well as rings with B-C, B-N, C-N, and C-C bonds. These compounds generally have a high surface area, but borocarbonitrides synthesized from a high surface area carbon material, urea, and boric acid tend to have the highest surface areas. This high surface area coupled with the presence of Stone–Wales defects in the structure of borocarbonitrides also allows for high absorption of CO2 and CH4, which may make borocarbonitride compounds a useful material in sequestering these gases.

Electrical 
The band gap of borocarbonitrides range from 1.0–3.9eV and is dependent on the content of the carbon and boron nitride domains as they have different electrical properties. Borocarbonitrides with a high carbon content have lower bandgaps whereas those with higher content of boron nitride domains have higher band gaps. Borocarbonitrides synthesized in gas or solid reactions also tend to have large bandgaps and are more insulating in character. The wide range of composition of boronitrides allows for the tuning of the bandgap, which when coupled with its high surface area and Stone–Wales defects may make boronitrides a promising material in electrical devices.

Synthesis

Solid state reaction 
A high surface area carbon material such as activated charcoal, boric acid, and urea are mixed together and then heated at high temperatures to synthesize borocarbonitride. The composition of the resulting compounds may be changed by varying the concentration of the reagents as well as the temperature.

Gas phase synthesis 
In chemical vapor deposition, boron, nitrogen, and carbon precursors react at high heat and are deposited onto a metal substrate. Varying the concentration of precursors and the selection of certain precursors will give different ratios of boron, nitrogen, and carbon in the resulting borocarbonitride compound.

Borocarbonitride composites
Borocarbonitride can also be synthesized by random stacking of boronitride and graphene domains through covalent interactions or through liquid interactions. In the first method, graphene and boron nitride sheets are functionalized and then are reacted to form layers of borocarbonitride. In the second method, boron nitride and graphite powder are dissolved in isopropanol and dimethylformamide, respectively, and then sonicated. This is then exfoliated to isolate borocarbonitride layers.

References

Boron–nitrogen compounds
Suda (marque). Suda (), also known as Henan Suda EV () and in short, SD EV, is a Chinese electric vehicle manufacturer.

History
Suda was founded in 2010, by Li Fuhuo (), an engineer from Weinan, Shaanxi, who previously founded a company producing gasoline engine parts. The company is based in Sanmenxia, Henan. In May, they built a 2.6 billion yuan 100,000 unit annual production factory that was completed in August 2018. 

Their first production vehicle was the SA01, also called the Lanse. It is powered by a 45 kWh battery that gives 107 horsepower. Its dimensions are 4046 mm/1737 mm/1606 mm, a wheelbase of 2500 mm, and a kerb weight of 1390 kg. 

The SD01 was Suda's second vehicle, also called the Yinse. It also has a 45 kWh and 107 horsepower. It is 4417 mm/1737 mm/1576 mm, and has a wheelbase of 2500 mm, and a weight of 1390 kg. It was marketed under Yema.

Controversies 
The Sanmenxia city government has supported the company as part of a transition to a high-tech and renewable energy economy. The company attracted controversy, with local media calling it a 'zombie-company', as it appeared dormant for 5 years, with only some prototypes built, and eventually starting mass-production in 2019. In 2015, the company failed to pay out wages to employees. According to revenue numbers it was estimated that the company produced just 240 vehicles in 2019, most of them purchased by Henan government agencies and its own employees.

The SA01 was exported to Germany in 2020, according to a Chinese reporter, this was just for show, as the company hadn't even made any sales to Chinese consumers yet at the time. The SA01 has subsequently been criticized and avoided because of its bad crash test results.

Vehicles
Suda currently has 2 production vehicles.

See also
Landwind X6, also attracted controversy after failing European crash test
Dial EV
GreenWheel EV
Qingyuan Auto

References

Electric vehicle manufacturers of China
Car brands
Car manufacturers of China
Chinese brands
Neighborhood electric vehicles
Mark Goudie. Mark Goudie (born 1991 ) is a Scottish electrical engineer based in Glasgow. He worked as an engineer for Atkins and currently works as the Distribution System Operation Manager for SP Energy Networks, part of ScottishPower. He was elected as one of the youngest ever Fellows of the Institution of Engineering and Technology.

Early life and education 
Mark grew up in East Kilbride and studied an MEng in Electrical & Mechanical Engineering at the University of Strathclyde. During his time at university he was a sponsored student with Atkins through the IET Power Academy programme and completed a number of summer placements across the UK.

Career 
Mark joined the Atkins graduate scheme in 2015. In 2015, Mark was also recognised for designing the Wind Energy Reservoir Storage (WERS) system that would seek to repurpose aging oil & gas infrastructure.  In 2020, he became a Chartered Engineer and Fellow with the Institution of Engineering and Technology. He subsequently became the Distribution System Operation Manager for SP Energy Networks.

Awards 
 2015: Telegraph UK STEM Awards - Energy Category Winner 2015
 2017: IET Paul Fletcher Award
 2018: Finalist – Scottish Renewables Young Professionals Green Energy Awards
 2019: Young Legend - Energy Sector
 2020: Elected one of the youngest Fellows of the Institution of Engineering and Technology

References 

British electrical engineers

1991 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Strathclyde
electrical engineers
21st-century Scottish engineers
Scottish electrical engineers
Fellows of the Institution of Engineering and Technology
Serdar Hüseyin Yıldırım. Serdar Hüseyin Yıldırım (born 1961) is a Turkish politician and engineer. He was appointed on 6 August 2019 as the first administrator of the Turkish Space Agency.

Early life and education 
Serdar Hüseyin Yıldırım was born in the year 1961 in Üsküdar, Istanbul. He is originally from Rize. 

He graduated from Kadıköy Anatolian High School and studied in ITU Aeronautical Engineering department. 

He was transferred to Technische Universität Berlin in 1980, Yıldırım graduated from the Faculty of Transportation Sciences, Department of Aviation and Space Sciences.

Having entered the aviation industry in 1989, Yıldırım went abroad after working for 12 years in various airlines and worked as a project consultant in various countries. Yıldırım also taught 'Airline Management' for five years at Kadir Has University.

References 

1961 births
Living people
People from Üsküdar
Turkish politicians
Turkish engineers
Hypersonix. Hypersonix Launch Systems is an Australian space startup developing scramjet and scramjet-based access-to-space technology. In particular, the company is focused on reusable "green-fuelled" launch technology. The company specialises in hypersonic vehicle and scramjet engines to provide sustainable and affordable access to space.

Details 

Hypersonix was founded in 2019. The company aims to commercialize scramjet technology similar to that developed at the University of Queensland's Centre for Hypersonics, during programs such as HIFiRE and Scramspace.

Test vehicle
To test and demonstrate its technologies, the company is building Delta-Velos, the minimum viable product, that will employ composite materials, is targeted to cover a range of 2500 km speed of Mach 12 and be reusable. It will be a small vehicle 5.5 m in length with a 2 m wingspan.

Engine
Spartan is Hypersonix's experimental scramjet engine. Using hydrogen as fuel and atmospheric air as oxidiser, the engine is described as having an operational range from Mach 5 to Mach 12, containing no moving parts and intended to power its satellite launch systems.

Launch system
In 2021 Hypersonix Launch Systems teamed up with the University of Southern Queensland to create a re-usable hypersonic UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) to be named Delta Velos.

The proposed launch system called Delta-Velos Orbiter will use three stages:
 a rocket booster Boomerang, 0–20 km altitude, speeds 0 to Mach 5, returning to the launch site after deploying the wings;
 a winged scramjet glider, 20–40 km ascend with speed increasing from Mach 5 to Mach 8, also flying back to Earth and performing a landing;
 a third rocket stage 40 km to orbit;

all powered by green hydrogen, with the atmospheric flight of the stage two allowing for flexible routing and choice of the latitude. The payload capacity is only projected to be 50 kg to LEO SSO (microsatellies range).

In March 2023, Hypersonix was chosen by the United States Department of Defense to develop a high-speed aircraft that can test hypersonic technologies, under the Hypersonic and High-Cadence Airborne Testing Capabilities (HyCAT) program.

Links 

 Official site

References 

Aerospace companies of Australia
Private spaceflight companies
Glover Webb Hornet. The Glover Webb Hornet is a light assault vehicle based on the Land Rover Defender 4x4 vehicle. It was built by the United Kingdom-based company Glover Webb Limited.

Design

The vehicle specifications are the same as the Land Rover Defender where the engine is in the front and the driver and commander are in the middle. Its powered by V8 petrol engine or a turbocharged diesel engine. For the armament, Glover Webb Hornet armed with one 12.7mm machine gun on the top of the roof and one 7.62mm machine gun at the commander seat. Both machine guns are manually operates by one soldier each. This vehicle also equipped with smoke grenade dischargers as self defence protection.

References

Military light utility vehicles
Military vehicles of the United Kingdom
Off-road vehicles
SAMIL 100. The SAMIL 100 is an upgraded Magirus Deutz 320D22AL 6x6 10-ton (load) truck. Classified as a heavy truck, it is made of pressed steel with the cargo area (capable of carrying up to 50 passengers) having drop sides and a tailgate.

Variants
 10-ton cargo vehicle with 1.2-ton capacity crane mounted behind cab.
 Mine resistant cab based cargo vehicle
 Dump truck
 Fuel tanker
 Gun tractor
 Field kitchen
 Refrigerator truck
 Ambulance
 Recovery vehicle
 Carrier for 127mm multiple rocket launcher
 Carrier for a twin 23 mm anti-aircraft cannon

Citations and References

Citations

Bibliography

Cold War military equipment of South Africa
Military vehicles introduced in the 1980s
Ampera. Ampera may refer to:

Indonesia 
Ampera is generally an abbreviation for Amanat Penderitaan Rakyat [Mandate of People's Suffering], a now-rarely used colloquial name for the preamble of the Constitution of Indonesia.

 Ampera Bridge, a bridge in Palembang, South Sumatera named after the abbreviation
 Ampera LRT station, a station of Palembang LRT named after the bridge
 Ampera Cabinet, an Indonesian Cabinet from July 1966 until October 1967 named after the abbreviation
 Revised Ampera Cabinet, an Indonesian Cabinet from October 1967 until June 1968 named after the previous cabinet

Transportation 

 Opel Ampera, a plug-in hybrid automobile produced by General Motors
 Opel Ampera-e, a battery electric automobile produced by General Motors

See also 

 Amperage, an electric current
 Ampere (disambiguation)
 Ampara (disambiguation)
SNCF Class BB 66700. The SNCF Class BB 66700 is a class of centre cab diesel locomotives rebuilt from the earlier Class BB 66000. They were regeared and had ballast weights added at Nevers depot to enable them to deal with heavier freight wagons. 34 locomotives were converted between 1985 and 1989.

Fleet List

References

66700
B-B locomotives
BB 66700
Standard gauge locomotives of France
Freight locomotives 
Rebuilt locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1985
Fiber Patch Placement. Fiber Patch Placement (FPP), initially known as Fiber-Patch-Preforming.., is a robot-operated manufacturing technology for fiber composite objects such carbon, glass and adhesives.

The basis of the Fiber Patch Placement process is the adaptation of the patch orientation to the locally or globally prevailing component complexity, e. g. the adaptation to a geometry, or to a complex load path.

Description 
In patch based production, predefined material strips (fiber patches) are cut from flat dry or pre-impregnated fiber tape by an automated cutting unit and applied robotically with positional accuracy to a three-dimensional forming tool with the help of a flexible patch gripper. The load path-oriented and almost scrap-free deposition of the individual increments directly on the final 3D geometry eliminates additional forming steps. The unwanted draping effects of the fibers during the lay-up can be avoided by using appropriate patch sizes, allied with the controlled and uniform deposition pressure from the form-flexible patch gripper.

As a Fiber Patch Placement laminate can consist of several thousands of patches, with this complexity, a purely manual programming of the production systems is no longer possible. The automated production process is therefore preceded by the virtual product development of the component, which is tailored to the FPP-specific laminate and placement functions.

References 

Composite material fabrication techniques
Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering. Simula Metropolitan Center for Digital Engineering AS (SimulaMet) is a non-profit research organization jointly owned by Simula Research Laboratory and Oslo Metropolitan University. It serves as the hub for Simula’s research activities in networks and communications, machine learning and artificial intelligence, and IT management. SimulaMet's mission is to conduct research in digital engineering at the highest international level, to educate and supervise Ph.D. and master's students at OsloMet, and to contribute to innovation in society through collaboration, startup companies, and licensing of research results.

Background  
The center was established in 2018 to address the national and European need to bolster research and educational capacity in the ICT and digitalization sector.

Organization 
The center is located in OsloMet’s premises in the Bislett neighborhood in Oslo. Olav Lysne is the director of SimulaMet, and Simula Research Laboratory owns 51 percent in the company, while OsloMet - Storbyuniversitetet owns 49 percent.

Research and activities  
As a partner of OsloMet, the center has contributed to the development of a Ph.D. program in digital engineering, as well as to the establishment of the OsloMet AI Lab. The OsloMet AI Lab is a research center that oversees research and student projects in artificial intelligence.

The center has established five research areas within digitalization and IT. These include the Center for Resilient Networks and Applications (CRNA) and Effective Digitalization of the Public Sector (EDOS). These centers receive funding from the Norwegian Ministry of Local Government and Modernization.

The Center for Resilient Networks and Applications (CRNA) was established in 2014 with a focus on enhancing the robustness and security of ICT infrastructures. The Ministry of Local Government and Modernization has mandated specific responsibilities to the center. This includes operating an infrastructure for monitoring the state of the Norwegian telecommunications infrastructure, particularly the mobile broadband networks, and publishing an annual report on it.

Effective Digitalization of the Public Sector (EDOS) was established in 2020 and will provide new knowledge on effective digitalization of the public sector. This includes input to improve processes and methods for the development of digital solutions, as well as research-based assistance to the Ministry of Local Government and Modernization and other parts of the public sector.

References

Computer science institutes in Norway
Karsten Stahl. Karsten Stahl (born 11 March 1969 in Munich) is a German mechanical engineer. He is a Professor in the TUM School of Engineering and Design at the Technical University of Munich (TUM) and is considered a specialist in machine elements, transmissions and drivetrain technologies.

Career 
From 1989 to 1994, Stahl studied mechanical engineering specializing in construction and development at the Technical University of Munich. In 2001, he did his doctorate at the Gear Research Center (FZG), chair of machine elements at the TUM. The title of his thesis was: Pitting Resistance of carburized Spur- and Helical Gears.

Between 2001 and 2010, he worked in various positions for BMW. In 2001 he started as a development engineer in gear production, later as head of prototyping, gear technology and methods in Dingolfing. In 2006 he moved to Oxford, where he initially worked as quality manager for transmission and later as head of validation for chassis and powertrain in the Mini plant. In 2009 he took over responsibility for advanced engineering and innovation management for powertrain and driving dynamic systems at BMW in Munich. From 2003 until 2011 he was a member and representative of the FVA Scientific Advisory Board.

Since 2011, he has been full professor at the chair of machine elements and director of the Gear Research Center (FZG) at the Technical University of Munich. His main research areas include machine elements and drivetrain components such as gears, synchronizers, multi-plate clutches, rolling-element bearings and electromechanical drivetrain systems.

Stahl is a member of several program committees, such as e.g. "VDI: Getriebe in Fahrzeugen", "VDI: Kupplungen", "VDI: Schwingungen in Antrieben" and "bayern innovativ: Conference on Future Automotive Technology". He is president of several conference committees, such as e.g. "VDI: International Conference on Gears", "VDI: International Conference High Performance Plastic Gears" and "VDI: International Conference Gears Production". Since 2016, he is member of the German "Scientific Association for Product Development (WiGeP)" where he was announced as Speaker of the Board in 2018. Since 2022, he is also member of the Editorial Board of the international, peer-reviewed, open access journal "Lubricants" by MDPI.

Honors and awards 
 2021: Honorary Certificate of TUM for Excellence in Teaching
 2005: Verein Deutscher Ingenieure (VDI) Ring of Honors Award
 1999: Award of the Forschungsvereinigung Antriebstechnik e.V.
 1992: FAG Kugelfischer Award

Writings and publications 
 Karsten Stahl: Grübchentragfähigkeit einsatzgehärteter Gerad- und Schrägverzahnungen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Pressungsverteilung. Dissertation. Technical University of Munich. Munich 2001.
 Gustav Niemann, Hans Winter, Bernd-Robert Höhn, Karsten Stahl: Maschinenelemente. Band 1: Konstruktion und Berechnung von Verbindungen, Lagern, Wellen. Springer-Verlag 2019.

References

External links 

 Karsten Stahl in mediaTUM
 Karsten Stahl in Scopus
 

Living people
German mechanical engineers
Academic staff of the Technical University of Munich
1969 births
Mary Ann Mansigh. Mary Ann Ruth Mansigh Karlsen (1932 – August 24, 2024) was an American computer programmer who was active in the 1950s in the use of scientific computers.

Biography
Mansigh attended the University of Minnesota on a scholarship from 1950 to 1954, where she studied physics, chemistry and mathematics. In 1955, she took a position at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory as a software engineer, where she would remain until she retired in 1994, working on over 13 generations of supercomputers from the UNIVAC (1955) to the Cray I (1994).

At the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, she worked with Berni Alder and Tom Wainwright in the implementation of molecular dynamics in the mid twentieth century, ultimately working exclusively with Alder for over twenty-five years.  She is regarded as a pioneer in programming and computing, particularly molecular dynamics computing, whom Dutch computational physicist Daan Frenkel noted as being one of the very few notable female computer programmers, with Arianna W. Rosenbluth, that were active in the 1950s and 1960s.

Initially forgotten, except in annotations and oral transcripts, she has received increased attention in recent times, with events and talks on her legacy. In 2019, she had a lecture series at the Centre Européen de Calcul Atomique et Moléculaire (CECAM) named in her honour. Modern academics have noted her unfair absence as an author in published academic papers describing the results of computer programmes designed with her pioneering molecular dynamics computing code.

Mansigh died on August 24, 2024 at the age of 91.

See also
Mary Tsingou

References

External links 
 Computer Pioneer Mary Ann Mansigh Karlsen (Livermore Library and the American Association of University Women, March 2017)
  Mary Ann Mansigh series: Almost famous, the woman behind the codes (Centre Européen de Calcul Atomique et Moléculaire (CECAM), May 2020)
 Picture of Alder, Mansigh & Wainwright, in the Niels Bohr subssection of the AIP Emilio Segre Visual Archives. (University of Chicago)
Flowchart template (Object has "Mary Ann Mansigh" handwritten in red on lower edge) (Computer History Museum, Catalogue Number: 102678315)

1932 births
2024 deaths
Place of birth missing
Scientific computing researchers
American computer programmers
Nationality missing
American women computer scientists
American computer scientists
University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering alumni
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory staff
20th-century American women scientists