omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Nordson Corporation. Nordson Corporation is an American multinational corporation that designs and manufactures dispensing equipment for consumer and industrial adhesives, sealants and coatings. The company also manufactures equipment used in the testing and inspection of electronic components, technology-based systems 
for curing and surface treatment processes as well as medical devices and component technologies. The company is headquartered in Westlake, Ohio, and has direct operations and sales-support offices in approximately 30 countries.

Nordson Corporation has nine divisions:

 Nordson Electronic Solutions
 Nordson Test & Inspection
 Nordson EFD
 Nordson Medical
 Nordson Measurement & Control
 Nordson Polymer Processing Systems
 Nordson Adhesive Dispensing Systems
 Nordson Industrial Coating Systems
 Nordson Precision Agriculture

Acquisitions 
In November 2022, it was announced Nordson Corporation had completed the acquisition of the Minneapolis, Minnesota-headquartered developer and manufacturer of high-precision 3D optical sensing technology, CyberOptics Corporation.

In August 2023, Nordson completed the acquisition of ARAG Group of Italy for €960 million in an all-cash deal.

Recognition 

In 2008, Nordson's assembly facility in Swainsboro, Georgia (with a staff of 67 employees) was the subject of a "Best Plants" profile by IndustryWeek magazine.

Nordson EFD won the 2010 SMT Vision Award for its UltimusTM V High-precision Dispenser.

Nordson ASYMTEK received an Intel Corporation’s Preferred Quality Supplier (PQS) award in 2009.

In 2012, it received a Northeast Ohio Success Award from Inside Business magazine.

References

External links 

Companies listed on the Nasdaq
Companies in the S&P 500 Dividend Aristocrats
Manufacturing companies based in Ohio
Cuyahoga County, Ohio
American companies established in 1954
Manufacturing companies established in 1954
1954 establishments in Ohio
Industrial machine manufacturers
Materials Science Citation Index. The Materials Science Citation Index is a citation index, established in 1992, by Thomson ISI (Thomson Reuters). Its overall focus is cited reference searching of the notable and significant journal literature in materials science. The database makes accessible the various properties, behaviors, and materials in the materials science discipline. This then encompasses applied physics, ceramics, composite materials, metals and metallurgy, polymer engineering, semiconductors, thin films, biomaterials, dental technology, as well as optics. The database indexes relevant materials science information from over 6,000 scientific journals that are part of the ISI database which is multidisciplinary. Author abstracts are searchable, which links articles sharing one or more bibliographic references. The database also allows a researcher to use an appropriate (or related to research) article as a base to search forward in time to discover more recently published articles that cite it.

Materials Science Citation Index lists 625 high-impact journals, and is accessible via the Science Citation Index Expanded collection of databases.

Editions
Coverage of Materials science is accomplished with the following editions:
Materials Science, Ceramics
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Materials Science, Composites
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Materials Science, Textiles

See also
 Science Citation Index
 Academic publishing
 List of academic databases and search engines
 Social Sciences Citation Index, which covers over 1500 journals, beginning with 1956
 Arts and Humanities Citation Index, which covers over 1000 journals, beginning with 1975
 Impact factor
 VINITI Database RAS

References

Thomson Reuters
Bibliographic databases and indexes
Online databases
Citation indices
Piezoelectric surgery. Piezoelectric bone surgery is a process that utilizes piezoelectric vibrations in the application of cutting bone tissue. The process was patented by Fernando Bianchetti, Domenico Vercellotti, and Tomaso Vercellotti. It was first used clinically in 1988. It is indicated for use in oral, maxillofacial, cranial and spinal procedures; but is mainly used in orthodontics and craniofacial surgery.

By adjusting the ultrasonic frequency of the device, it is possible to cut hard tissue while leaving soft tissue untouched by the process. The ultrasonic frequency is modulated from 10, 30, and 60 cycles/s (Hz) to 29 kHz. The low frequency enables cutting of mineralized structures, not soft tissue. Power can be adjusted from 2.8 to 16 W, with preset power settings for various types of bone density. The tip vibrates within a range of 60–200 μm, which allows clean cutting with precise incisions. In 2020 an article on the topic of piezoelectricity have named piezoelectric surgery as one of the most important applications of this concept, in addition to medical ultrasound imaging. Additionally in 2021 the Malhotra laboratory at Penn Neurosurgery has published additional work on this procedure for rare cancers of the spinal column.

See also
 Surgery
 Piezomagnetism
 Piezoelectricity

References

External links
 

Detchou DK, Dimentberg R, Vaughan KA, Kolster R, Braslow BM, Malhotra NR. Navigated Ultrasonic Osteotomy to Aid in En Bloc Chordoma Resection via Spondylectomy. World Neurosurg. 2020 Nov;143:319-324. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.08.021. Epub 2020 Aug 10. PMID: 32791231.

Detchou DK, Glauser G, Dimentberg R, Schuster JM, Malhotra NR. Case Series of Ultrasonic Navigated Osteotomy for the Treatment of Spinal Chordomas. World Neurosurg. 2021 Mar 8:S1878-8750(21)00367-3. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.03.001. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33706017.

Orthopedic surgical procedures
IBM 2321 Data Cell. The IBM 2321 Data Cell  is a discontinued direct access storage device (DASD) for the IBM System/360, announced along with System/360 in April 1964. It holds up to 400 megabytes of data, with an access time of 95 milliseconds to 600 milliseconds, depending on the addressed strip position and data arrangement in each data cell. Data is stored on short strips of magnetic tape, which gave the system the nickname "noodle picker" due to the strip's resemblance to pasta noodles. The 2321 was withdrawn from marketing in January, 1975.

Characteristics 
The 2321 houses up to ten removable and interchangeable data cells, each containing 40 megabytes. Each data cell contains 200 strips of magnetic tape, which are the basic recording media. Strips are  wide and  long.  The total storage capacity is 400 megabytes or 800 million decimal digits. Up to eight 2321s can be attached to the IBM 2841 Control Unit, allowing an overall capacity of over three GB.

In comparison to the contemporary IBM 2311 Disk Device, the IBM 2321 Data Cell Device holds 55 times more data, while being only seven times slower (85ms and 600ms access times respectively). One fully loaded IBM 2841 Control Unit connected with eight IBM 2321 Data Cell Devices has the capacity of 441 IBM 2311 Disk Devices, which would need to be connected to 56 IBM 2841 Control Units, which would require seven data channels.

The Data Cell makes use of three concurrently operating separate seeking systems: a servo-hydraulic one to rotate the bins to select the proper subcell, and two solenoid driven ones: one to select the correct strip tab of the ten in the subcell, and the other to select one of the five head positions, for the 20 element head (100 tracks per strip). The hydraulic fluid, Mobil DTE Light, a machine tool circulating oil, is pressurized at 1500 psi and despite a lot of folklore about oil leaks, they were very rare. The oil sump holds .

Although its storage medium is tape, the 2321 is classified as a direct access storage device which can directly access a record rather than scan all the tape to find a record as would a conventional tape drive. IBM's System/360 channels addressed the 2321 as a direct access storage devices, i.e., a disk drive, with a 6-byte seek address of the form ØBBSCH (hexadecimal) where the first byte is zero and the remaining bytes address the Bin (i.e., cell and sub-cell), Strip, Cylinder and Head.

See also
 NCR CRAM

References

External links 
 The IBM 2321 Data Cell Drive at Columbia University
 
 The IBM 2321 Data Cell Drive  for portions of IBM manual.
 Close up photo of Data Cell drive
 IBM System/360 Component Descriptions - IBM 2841 and Associated DASD pages 65 to 72 describe the IBM 2321

2321
Computer storage devices
ICONA. Instituto para la Conservación de la Naturaleza (Nature Conservation Institute), better known by its acronym ICONA (1971–1995) was the administrative entity that was established in Spain in order to preserve and research the natural environment in the Spanish territory.

Founded four years before Francisco Franco's death, ICONA played an ambiguous role regarding its ability to take care of the natural protected areas. Certain policies implemented by ICONA in the 1970s contributed to the depopulation of remote rural areas in different points of Spain, like for example in Acrijos, Soria and the Solana Valley in Aragon.

History
Among the government departments that were founded in Spain for similar purposes, the following deserve mention:
1833, establishment of the Dirección General de Montes'
1855, foundation of the Junta Consultiva de Montes, which later saw its name changed to Consejo Forestal, and then Consejo Superior de Montes, until it disappeared in 1967 after merging with the Consejo Superior Agrario1928, the name of the Dirección General de Montes is changed to Dirección General de Montes, Caza y Pesca Fluvial during General Primo de Rivera's dictatorship; from then onwards it would depend on the Ministerio de Fomento.
1931, on top of the existing organizations, the Instituto Forestal de Investigación is founded during the Second Spanish Republic
1971, the Dirección General de Montes is replaced by ICONA
1991, ICONA is dismantled and merged into the Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria1996, foundation of the Ministerio del Medio Ambiente (Natural Environment Ministry) and the Dirección General de Conservación de la Naturaleza within it. The latter had two branches, the Subdirección de Conservación de la Biodiversidad and the ''''Subdirección de Política Forestal which presently have become the Subdirección de Montes.

References 

Felipe Crecente-Campo, Alberto Rojo Alboreca & Ulises Diéguez-Aranda, A merchantable volume system for Pinus sylvestris L. in the major mountain ranges of Spain. Departamento de Ingeniería Agroforestal, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela
Eria revista cuatrimestral de geografia, Departamento de Geografía, Universidad de Oviedo

External links

Socio-economics of nature protection policies
Insights into Rural Conservation Issues in the EEC

Disambiguation
L' Icona Ferragamo - 35th Anniversary Campaign in Celebration of Iconic Shoes by Salvatore Ferragamo

Government of Spain
Environment of Spain
Junkers T 19. The Junkers T 19, originally known as the J 19, was a single-engined parasol winged all-metal 2/3-seat aircraft built in Germany in the early 1920s for training and touring. Its construction was too expensive for commercial success and only three were built, one later finding use as an engine test-bed.

Design and development

The Junkers T 19 was the first of three Junkers aircraft aimed at the private market; because of the high construction costs of all-metal light planes compared to their canvas covered contemporaries, none was successful.  It was built mostly from duralumin with a tubular-membered frame covered by corrugated sheet.

The wing was a cantilever structure, without the lift struts to mid wing seen on most parasol winged aircraft. It had a constant chord centre section with outboard taper on both leading and trailing edges.  The ailerons were short and wide chord, with curved trailing edges that projected beyond that of the wing.  Four sets of V and inverted-V struts attached the wing to the upper fuselage longerons.

The tapered fuselage was flat sided, with a long open cockpit reaching from leading to trailing edge.  The pilot sat at the front immediately behind the engine. Seats for one or two passengers could be fitted in the rear with access via a triangular shaped starboard side door.  The tailplane was mounted on top of the fuselage and carried horn balanced elevators. The combination of a triangular fin and straight edged rudder, which extended down to the bottom of the fuselage in a cut out between the elevators, gave the vertical surface a rather pointed look.  The main undercarriage legs, with prominent shock absorbers, were mounted on the upper fuselage longerons.  Two bracing struts reached forward to the lower fuselage below the engine and the wheels were linked by a hinged axle centrally mounted to the lower fuselage with further struts.

Operational history

The T 19 first flew on 14 July 1922, powered by a 55 hp (41 kW) Siemens-Halske Sh 4 5-cylinder radial engine. Two more T 19s were flown, one with a 77 hp (57 kW) 7-cylinder Sh 5 engine and the other with a 110 hp (82 kW) 9-cylinder Sh 12.  The second T 19 was used as an engine test bed and was the first aircraft to fly with Junkers' first flight petrol engine, the air-cooled 75 hp (56 kW) 6-cylinder inline L1 of 1921.  It also flew with a 1926 Armstrong Siddeley Genet.  The third T 19 was sold to India.

Specifications (Genet engine)

References

T 019
1920s German civil aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1922
PTC Integrity. PTC Integrity Lifecycle Manager (formerly MKS Integrity) is a software system lifecycle management (SSLM) and application lifecycle management (ALM) platform developed by MKS Inc. and was first released in 2001. The software is client/server, with both desktop (java/swing) and web client interfaces. It provides software development organizations with a environment in which they can manage the end-to-end processes of development.

Overview
MKS Integrity is now a PTC product since the acquisition of MKS Inc., which was completed on May 31, 2011, by PTC.

PTC Integrity Lifecycle Manager is built around a single repository. This single-repository solution supports the three pillars of lifecycle management—traceability, process automation, and reporting and analytics and some companies may see additional value in this approach.

Integration of PTC Integrity Lifecycle Manager with IDEs and other development tools is—out-of-the-box—limited to a few products. Supported IDEs include Eclipse and Visual Studio. Also supported are IBM i and Apache Maven.

History
PTC Integrity Lifecycle Manager was previously known under different brands, including MKS Source, MKS Integrity Manager, Implementer (for IBM i), and others. These were consolidated under a single brand, with the release of MKS Integrity 2007 in July 2007, which was acquired by PTC and finally renamed PTC Integrity in 2011. PTC retired the Integrity brand and rebranded Integrity to Windchill starting in July 2019.

References

External links
 

Version control systems
Proprietary version control systems
Software project management
Agile software development
Ultramicroscopy. Ultramicroscopy is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in the field of electron microscopy. It is published by Elsevier and the editor-in-chief is Angus Kirkland. It provides a forum for the publication of original research papers, invited reviews and rapid communications.

Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in: Scopus and the Science Citation Index Expanded.

See also
Electron backscatter diffraction
Transmission electron microscopy
Materials science

References

External links
 

Monthly journals
English-language journals
Elsevier academic journals
Biology journals
Academic journals established in 1975
Grain per gallon. The grain per gallon (gpg) is a unit of water hardness defined as 1 grain (64.8 milligrams) of calcium carbonate dissolved in 1 US gallon of water (3.785412 L). It translates into 1 part in about 58,000 parts of water or 17.1 parts per million (ppm). Also called Clark degree (in terms of an imperial gallon).

Usage
Calcium and magnesium ions present as sulfates, chlorides, carbonates and bicarbonates cause water to be hard. Water chemists measure water impurities in parts per million (ppm). For understandability, hardness ordinarily is expressed in grains of hardness per gallon of water (gpg). The two systems can be converted mathematically.

Measurement of water hardness

According to the Water Quality Association:

 soft: 0-3.5 grains per gallon (gpg)
 moderate: 3.5-7.0 gpg
 hard: 7.0-10.5 gpg
 very hard: over 10.5 gpg

Conversions
1 gpg = 0.017118061 kg/m3
1 gpg = 1 pound per 7000 gallons
1 gpg = 17.12 mg/L (ppm)
1 Clark degree = 0.8327 gpg
1 dGH = 1.042645169 gpg
1 mg/L (ppm) = 0.058417831 grains per US gallon

See also
dGH

References
 
 
 

Units of measurement
Water chemistry
Eric Freeman (writer). Eric Freeman is a computer scientist, author and constituent of David Gelernter on the Lifestreaming concept.

Authored works
Eric Freeman has publishing accolades for Head First HTML and CSS () which he co-authored with Elisabeth Robson, and Head First Design Patterns () also co-authored with Elisabeth Robson, Kathy Sierra and Bert Bates.

References

External links

http://www.technologyreview.com/tr35/Profile.aspx?TRID=479
http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1057270.1057279
http://www.objectsbydesign.com/books/EricFreeman.html

American technology writers
American computer scientists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
GSEG Combined Cycle Power plant, Hazira. GSEG Combined Cycle Power plant, Hazira is a gas based combined cycle power plant located at Hazira, Gujarat, in India.

History 
The project is a joint venture between Gujarat State Petroleum Corporation (GSPC) Ltd., GAIL, Krishak Bharati Cooperative (KRIBHCO)  and other Government of Gujarat Companies. Gujarat State Energy Generation Ltd. GSEG is a power company in Gujarat. It is a subsidiary of GSPC. The company is engaged in gas based generation of electricity.

The average natural gas requirement for the project is 0.78 Million cubic metres (MCM)/day which is sourced from gas exploration company GSPC and is transported by gas transportation company Gujarat State Petronet Limited.

Capacity

References

Electric-generation companies of India
Energy in Gujarat
Companies based in Ahmedabad
Natural gas-fired power stations in Gujarat
Surat district
2002 establishments in Gujarat
Energy infrastructure completed in 2002
George Robert Jebb. George Robert Jebb (1838–16 February 1927) was a civil engineer from the United Kingdom. Prominent in the field of railway and canal engineering, he became Vice-President of the Institution of Civil Engineers.

Born in 1838 in Baschurch, Shropshire, where his father John was stationmaster of Baschurch station, Jebb completed his engineering training under Alexander Mackintosh, working on the lines of the former Shrewsbury and Chester Railway. He was subsequently appointed the Resident Engineer of the Wrexham and Minera Railway along with a number of other lines in Wales.

Jebb was later appointed as the Chief Engineer of the Shropshire Union Railways and Canal Company (for whom he designed many of the docks and warehouses of Ellesmere Port) and of the Birmingham Canal Navigations and was a director of the Glyn Valley Tramway. He was involved with many other engineering projects around the world, such as planning the route of the railway between Lviv and Chernivtsi. Jebb was an officer of the London and North Western Railway through his Shropshire Union post, and was a close friend and associate of the LNWR's CME Francis Webb; a LNWR Claughton Class locomotive, number 5930, was named G R Jebb after him. Although he became Vice-President of the ICE, he declined to be nominated as President and stepped down in 1912, although in that year he did become President of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers.

Jebb lived in Great Barr, Birmingham, in his later years. He was a keen amateur botanist and corresponded with several journals of the period on British flora: he was a particular authority on the flora of North Wales.

George Jebb died after a short illness on 16 February 1927. He was the paternal grandfather of the architect Philip Jebb.

References

Presidents of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers
1838 births
1927 deaths
English canal engineers
Engineers from Shropshire
People from Great Barr
British railway civil engineers
Institution of Civil Engineers
19th-century English engineers
Discoverer 23. Discoverer 23, also known as KH-5 9016A, was a USAF photographic reconnaissance satellite under the supervision of the National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) which was launched in 1961. It was a KH-5 ARGON satellite, based on an Agena-B. It was the second KH-5 mission to be launched, and the second to end in failure.

Launch
The launch of Discoverer 23 occurred at 19:21:08 GMT on 8 April 1961. A Thor DM-21 Agena-B rocket was used, flying from launch pad 75-3-5 at the Vandenberg Air Force Base. Upon successfully reaching orbit, it was assigned the Harvard designation 1961 Lambda 1.

Mission
Discoverer 23 was operated in an Earth orbit, with a perigee of , an apogee of , 82.3° of inclination, and a period of 93.77 minutes. The satellite had a mass of , and was equipped with a frame camera with a focal length of , which had a maximum resolution of . Images were recorded onto  film, and ejected aboard a Satellite Return Vehicle, SRV-521. Due to a problem with Discoverer 23's attitude control system, the SRV ended up boosting itself into a higher orbit rather than deorbiting. Discoverer 23 decayed from orbit on 16 April 1962, followed by the SRV on 23 May 1962.·

References

Spacecraft launched in 1961
Spacecraft which reentered in 1962