European Rover Challenge. European Rover Challenge (ERC, ERC Space & Robotics) is an annual Martian robot competition held in Poland. It began in 2014 at the Regional Science and Technology Centre in Chęciny, and until 2023 has been held in Jasionka, Starachowice, and Kielce. In 2024 the competition is planned to be held at the AGH University of Krakow.

The ERC is the largest robotics and space event in Europe. It is addressed towards scientists, businesspersons, the technology sector and the general public. Along with the University Rover Challenge, the ERC is a part of the Rover Challenge Series.

History 
Prior to 2020, all robots and their operators attended the competition on-site. In 2020, the competition switched to a "remote" formula, in which competitors from several continents remotely controlled a robot located on the Mars yard on the campus of the Kielce University of Technology in Poland. When on-site participation resumed in 2021, this remote competing method was retained.

Competition tasks (ON-SITE) 
GPS is not allowed to be used by the robots (unlike other competitions of this kind) and team members do not see the robots they are navigating. Therefore, they must rely on the robot's other sensors (such as its camera) to complete the competition's tasks.

Competition history 
The European Rover Challenge has been organized since 2014. The plans to organize the first edition were announced at the International Space Week.

1st edition (5–7 September 2014) 
The first edition of the ERC took place at the Regional Science and Technology Centre in Chęciny near Kielce, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship. The competition was attended by nine teams from Poland, Lithuania, India, Egypt, and Colombia. Among the guests, were Professor Scott Hubbard, former head of NASA's Ames Research Centre, and Robert Zubrin, founder of the Mars Society.

Winners:       

 1st place: SCORPIO, Wrocław, Poland
 2nd place: IMPULS, Kielce, Poland
 3rd place: Lunar and Mars Rover Team, Cairo, Egypt

During the event the Regional Science and Technology Centre, where the competition took place, officially opened.

2nd edition (4–6 September 2015) 
The second edition of the ERC also took place at the Regional Science and Technology Centre. The competition was attended by 29 teams from the US, Australia, India, Colombia, the Netherlands, Egypt, Poland, Canada, and other countries. Specials guests of the second edition included astronaut Harrison Schmitt (member of Apollo 17) and writer Andy Weir remotely.Winners:

 1st place: USST, Canada
 2nd place: Next, Białystok, Poland
 3rd place: McGill Robotics, Canada

3rd edition (10–12 September 2016) 
An important event during the ERC 2016 was a Polish part of a civil debate on the future of space exploration organized by the European Space Agency. The debate took place in 22 countries at the same time and was attended by 2,000 people who were not involved with the space sector. They discussed such subjects as space exploration, using its resources, and the growing importance of space. Its objective was to verify public opinion and the results were to be considered while developing future strategies of ESA.Winners:
 1st place: Raptors, Poland
 2nd place: Impuls, Poland
 3rd place: McGill Robotics, Canada

4th edition (14–15 September 2018) 

The fourth edition of the European Rover Challenge was organized in Starachowice, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, at the Museum of Nature and Technology. The competition was attended by 35 teams from 20 countries. The fourth edition of the challenge was accompanied by the biggest Science and Technology Show Zone in history. It attracted over 25,000 visitors. Among the guests, there was astronaut Tim Peake, Artemis Westenberg – President of Explore Mars Europe, Gianfranco Visentin, Head of Automation and Robotics Section at ESA, and Maria Antonietta Perino, Head of Advanced Exploration Programmes at Thales Alenia Space.

It was the first time when Pro Formula had been organized along with the competition. It was addressed to professionals from the space sector and constructors of space robots who wanted to test their constructions in the Mars Yard without participating in the challenge.

Winners:
 1st place: Impuls, Poland            
 2nd place: Raptors, Poland
 3rd place: Robotics for Space Exploration, Canada
 Jury Award: RoverOva, Czech Republic

5th edition (13–15 September 2019) 
The ERC 2019 took place at the Kielce University of Technology with over 40 teams qualified for the competition.

The fifth edition of the challenge was accompanied by the Mentoring and Business Conference attended by representatives of the space sector from Poland, Europe and the whole world, including Steve Jurczyk, Associate Administrator at NASA, Maria Antonietta Perino from Thales Alenia Space, Gianfranco Visentin and Pantelis Poulakis from ESA and Artemis Westenberg from Explore Mars Europe.

Winners:
1st place: Impuls, Poland           
2nd place: AGH Space Systems, Poland
3rd place: RoverOva, Czech Republic

6th edition (11–13 September 2020) 
The sixth edition of the ERC was held at the Kielce University of Technology. Over 60 teams from all over the world applied to participate in the competition. The 2020 edition was the first one to introduce the remote formula. The competition was conducted using the Freedom Robotics platform and Leo Rover mobile robots. A total of 33 teams qualified for the finals.

Winners:
 1st place: ERIG e.V., Germany
 2nd place: RoverOva, Czech Republic
 3rd place (ex aequo): DJS Antariksh, India, and Robocol, Colombia

Additional awards:
 Best Design Award: Best Design: AGH Space Systems, Poland
 Best Design Award: Best Docs: STAR Dresden e.V., Germany
 Best Design Award: Best Science Design: ERIG e.V., Germany
 Best Autonomy Navigation: RoverOva, Czech Republic
 Best Scientists: METU Rover, Turkey
 Best Science Planning: DJS Antariksh, India
 Best Planetary Map: Robocol, Colombia
 Best Analysis: RoverOva, Czech Republic
 Best Dexterity: RoboClyde, UK
 Best Presentation: AGH Space Systems, Poland
 Mathworks Special Prize: SKA Robotics, Poland

The 2020 edition was the first to be broadcast live on the organizer's website during the three days of the event. The guests of the ERC2020 industry conference were, among others:
 Natalia Lemarquis – United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs Space4Women;
 Giuliana Rotola – European Southern Observatory; International Space University;
 Maria-Gabriella Sarah – European Space Agency;
 Gianfranco Visentin – European Space Agency;
 Douglas Terrier – National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
 Pascale Ehrenfreund – International Astronautical Federation; Space Policy Institute;
 Ken Davidian – Federal Aviation Administration.

7th edition (10–12 September 2021) 
The seventh edition of the ERC was held at the Kielce University of Technology. The 2021 edition was the first to be held in both on-site and remote formulas.

Winners:

 1st place (on-site): Impuls Team, Poland
 2nd place (on-site): ITU Rover Team, Turkey
 3rd place (on-site): EPFL Xplore, Switzerland
 1st place (remote): DJS Antariksh, India
 2nd place (remote): ERIG, Germany
 3rd place (remote): RoboClyde, UK

Additional awards:

 Best Navigation (on-site): AGH Space Systems, Poland
 Best Maintenance (on-site): ITU Rover Team, Turkey
 Best Science (on-site): EPFL Xplore, Switzerland
 Best Probing (on-site): EPFL Xplore, Switzerland
 Best Presentation (on-site): AGH Space Systems, Poland
 Best Navigation (remote): DJS Antariksh, India
 Best Maintenance (remote): ERIG, Germany
 Best Science (remote): DJS Antariksh, India
 Best Presentation (remote): Mars Rover Manipal, India

Selected speakers that appeared during the ERC 2021 live broadcast:

 Robert D. Cabana – NASA Associate Administrator;
 Robert Zubrin – Mars Society, Pioneer Astronautics;
 Annalisa Donati – EURISY;
 Chris Welch – International Space University;
 Maria Antonietta Perino – Thales Alenia Space;
 Grzegorz Wrochna – Polska Agencja Kosmiczna;
 Artemis Westenberg – Explore Mars Europe.

8th edition (9-11 September 2022) 
The eighth edition of the ERC was held at the Kielce University of Technology. Similar to the previous year's edition, the ERC 2022 was held in both on-site and remote formulas. 

Winners:

 1st place (on-site): AGH Space Systems, Poland
 2nd place (on-site): EPFL Xplore, Switzerland
 3rd place (on-site): ITU Rover Team, Turkey
 1st place (remote): DJS Antariksh, India
 2nd place (remote): Mars Rover Manipal, India
 3rd place (remote): Project RED, Italy

Additional awards:

 Best Performance NAVIGATION (on-site): EPFL Xplore, Switzerland
 Best Performance NAVIGATION (remote): IIT Bombay Mars Rover Team, India
 Best Performance MAINTENANCE (on-site): Frankfurt Robotics Science Team (FROST), Germany
 Best Performance MAINTENANCE (remote): Mars Rover Manipal, India
 Best Performance SCIENCE (on-site): ERIG, Germany
 Best Performance SCIENCE (remote): Mars Rover Manipal, India
 Best Performance PROBING: STAR Dresden, Germany
 Best Performance PRESENTATION (on-site): ITU Rover Team, Turkey
 Best Performance PRESENTATION (remote): Mars Rover Manipal, India

9th edition (15–17 September 2023) 

The 9th Edition of the ERC was held at the Kielce University of Technology. Similar to the two previous year's editions, the ERC 2023 was held in both on-site and remote formulas.

Winners:
 1st place (on-site): AGH Space Systems, Poland
 2nd place (on-site): FHNW Rover Team, Switzerland
 3rd place (on-site): EPFL Xplore, Switzerland
 1st place (remote): Makercie, Netherlands
 2nd place (remote): DJS Antariksh, India
 3rd place (remote): Project RED, Italy

Additional awards:

 Best Performance NAVIGATION (on-site): AGH Space Systems, Poland
 Best Performance NAVIGATION (remote): Project RED, Italy
 Best Performance MAINTENANCE (on-site): EPFL Xplore, Switzerland
 Best Performance MAINTENANCE (remote): CRISS Robotics, India
 Best Performance SCIENCE (on-site): Beyond Robotics, Greece
 Best Performance COLLECTION & PROBING: FHNW Rover Team, Switzerland
 Best Performance PRESENTATION (on-site): Imperial Planetary Robotics Lab, UK
 Best Performance PRESENTATION (remote): Makercie, Netherlands

10th edition (6–8 September 2024) 
The 10th anniversary edition of the ERC was held at the AGH University of Krakow. Unlike the previous years, the ERC was held only on-site with no competition planned for the remote one. 

 1st place (on-site): FHNW Rover Team, Switzerland
 2nd place (on-site): AGH Space Systems, Poland
 3rd place (on-site): ITU Rover Team, Turkey

Additional awards:

 Best Performance Maintenance: FHNW Rover Team, Switzerland
 Best Performance Science: Deep Sampling: FHNW Rover Team, Switzerland
 Best Performance Science: Surface Sampling: FHNW Rover Team, Switzerland
 Best Performance Science: Construction: FHNW Rover Team, Switzerland
 Best Performance Science: Exploration: BEARS Berlin, Germany
 Best Performance Presentation: EPFL Xplore, Switzerland
 Best Performance Probing: STAR Dresden, Germany
 Best Performance Droning: BEARS Berlin, Germany
 Best Performance Navigation: AGH Space Systems, Poland

Bibliography

References

Mars rovers
Robotics competitions
Rover Challenge Series