omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Grigorovich ROM-1. The Grigorovich ROM-1 was a long-range reconnaissance flying boat designed by the Grigorovich Design Bureau for the Soviet Navy in the late 1920s.

Design
The ROM-1 (ROM = Razviedchik Otkrytovo Morya [Open Sea Reconnaissance]) was a long range maritime reconnaissance sesquiplane flying boat with two engines installed in a tandem nacelle, supported on struts over the hull. The hull was made from aluminumand the wings were made of wood, attached to the sides of the engine nacelle. The water-tight lower wings, attached to the sides of the hull, were installed slightly above the waterline and carried two floats on their tips. The tail surfaces had aluminum alloy frames with fabric covering.

Development of the ROM-1 commenced in the summer of 1925. V.B.Shavrov was responsible for hull design, and P.D.Samsonov was responsible for the wing and powerplant. The ROM-1 first flew in the autumn of 1927, with test flying concluding in 1929, when the Soviet Navy judged it unsuitable for use as in combat.

Specifications

References

Bibliography

Biplanes
Flying boats
ROM-1
Aircraft first flown in 1927
Grigorovich ROM-2. The Grigorovich ROM-2 (bureau designation MR-3; military designation MDR-1) was a long-range reconnaissance flying boat designed by the Grigorovich Design Bureau for the Soviet Navy in the late 1920s.

Design
The ROM-2 (ROM = Razviedchik Otkrytovo Morya [Open Sea Reconnaissance]) was a long range maritime reconnaissance sesquiplane flying boat with the engines arranged in tractor form in two separate nacelles. The wing and the hull were radically redesigned, most of the plywood wing skin was replaced by fabric. As a result, payload (including fuel) almost doubled, and other parameters were improved

Test flights began in the summer of 1929, and the ROM-2 had much better performance than the ROM-1, but those performance results were unsatisfactory for the 1930s. Testing ended after a rough landing on one flight. Modifications were undertaken to the airframe, with the hull shortened by 0.2m, the engines raised above the wing on short N-struts, and the aircraft was redesignated ROM-2bis, but the aircraft never flew in this configuration.

Specifications

References

Sources

Biplanes
Flying boats
1920s Soviet military reconnaissance aircraft
ROM-2
Aircraft first flown in 1929
Dewoitine P-4. The Dewoitine P-4 was a glider designed by Émile Dewoitine and built by Constructions Aéronautiques Émile Dewoitine in the early 1920s.

Specifications (P-4)

References

Further reading

External links
 Planeurs.net Dewoitine P-4

P-4
1920s French sailplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1923
Glider aircraft
Levasseur PL.400. 

The Levasseur PL.400 was an artillery observation / liaison aircraft built by Société Pierre Levasseur Aéronautique in the late 1930s.

The PL.400 was a high-wing monoplane of wood and metal construction. The aircraft first flew on December 19, 1939, but was later burned intentionally in June 1940 to avoid capture by German forces.

PL.400The first prototype, powered by a  Potez 9C radial engine; one built.
PL.401The second prototype, powered by a  Renault 6Q-09 in-line engine; completed but not flown before the French collapse in 1940.

Specifications

See also

References

1930s French military reconnaissance aircraft
Levasseur aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1939
Levasseur PL.3. 

The Levasseur PL.3 AM3 was a carrier-based reconnaissance aircraft produced in France in the 1920s to fulfill a specification for a three-seat carrier-borne reconnaissance aircraft. The PL.3 AM3, a biplane of all-wood construction did not enter production and only the prototype was built.

Specifications

See also

References

1920s French military reconnaissance aircraft
Carrier-based aircraft
Levasseur aircraft
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1924
Mike Moses. Michael P. Moses is an American aerospace engineer and aerospace industry executive. He was the Space Shuttle program Launch Integration Manager from 2008 until the conclusion of the program in 2011. Moses joined Virgin Galactic in 2011 as vice president of operations and was named president in 2016.

Moses got his Bachelor of Science in physics from Purdue University in 1989, an MS in space sciences from Florida Institute of Technology in 1991, and an MS in aerospace engineering from Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics in 1995.  He is married to Beth Moses.

References

Virgin Galactic
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American aerospace engineers
Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics alumni
Florida Institute of Technology alumni
NASA people
Daniel Dumbacher. Daniel Dumbacher is an American aerospace engineer, educator and administrator. Dumbacher was appointed an executive director of American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics in 2017. He served as deputy associate administrator of NASA's Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate from 2007 to 2014. Dumbacher was a professor at Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics from 2014 to 2017. 

Dumbacher earned a BS in mechanical engineering from Purdue University in 1981 and an MBA from the University of Alabama in Huntsville in 1984.

References

NASA people
Aerospace engineers
Purdue University faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Purdue University College of Agriculture alumni
University of Alabama in Huntsville alumni
Space Systems Finland. Space Systems Finland (SSF) is a Finnish software and systems engineering company. Since its founding in 1989, the company has developed software and systems for several European Space Agency spacecraft.

SSF develops software and systems for customers in aerospace, defense, medical, machinery, and nuclear industries. Approximately half of the company's revenue come from space projects, and the remaining half from terrestrial projects. Since 2016, the company has expanded into internet of things development and data science.

History 

SSF was founded in 1989 to develop software for Finnish space projects ongoing at that time. Initially, the company also manufactured electronics for space use, but later focused on developing space software. In 1998, SSF was mentioned as the only Finnish company focusing in space technology.

In addition to space software, the company has implemented safety-critical software for other domains such as heavy machinery, medical technology,  and nuclear industry. SSF has also developed navigation technologies related to Galileo and signal simulators for testing GNSS receivers.

Projects 

Flight and ground software for the GOMOS instrument of Envisat, launched in 2002, was developed by SSF.

SSF has developed pseudolite-based navigation technologies for areas where GNSS signals are weak or not available.

From 2003 to 2008, SSF developed main flight software for the Herschel and Planck space telescopes, both launched in 2009. The software was responsible for controlling and monitoring most spacecraft functions, including e.g. fault detection and correction, thermal control, and resource management.

The company developed main flight software for the GOCE spacecraft, operated from 2009 to 2013, and helped solve a major communications malfunction in the satellite in July 2010.

SSF has developed flight and ground software for the European MetOp weather satellite programmes. SSF has also supported the development of the Aalto-1 nanosatellite.

Recovery software for the Rosalind Franklin rover, to be launched in the mid- or late 2020s, has been developed by SSF. The software can be used to analyze the rover state and relay updates to the main rover software.

In early 2018, SSF was selected to develop the main software for the PLATO space telescope.

References 

Manufacturing companies based in Espoo
Technology companies established in 1989
Thomas N. Farris. Thomas Neal Farris is an American aerospace engineering professor and university administrator. He is known for his research on mechanics of fretting fatigue. Tom Farris was the Dean of Rutgers School of Engineering from 2009-2022. He served as the Head of Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics from 1998 to 2009. 

Farris received a BS degree in mechanical engineering in 1982 from Rice University and a Ph.D. in Applied Mechanics at Northwestern University in 1986.

Farris is a Fellow of American Society of Mechanical Engineers since 2001 and a Fellow of American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics since 2009.

References

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Rice University alumni
Northwestern University alumni
Tribologists
Levasseur PL.200. The Levasseur PL.200 was an observation seaplane built by Levasseur in the mid-1930s. It was a high-wing monoplane with a short, all-metal fuselage nacelle at mid-span, and a wing made of metal.

Design and development
The fuselage and wings were supported on struts above the two floats which extended rear-wards to form the tail unit with twinfins and rudders and single tailplane with elevator. The  Hispano-Suiza 9Vbrs engine was mounted as a tractor in the nose of the fuselage nacelle, which also housed the crew of three. An improved version was developed, with extended fins and a  Gnome & Rhône 9Kfr engine as the PL.201,

Variants
PL.200 Initial observation seaplane, powered by a  Hispano-Suiza 9Vbrs engine.
PL.201 Improved version with extended fins, powered by a  Gnome & Rhône 9Kfr engine.

Specifications

References

Bibliography

 

PL.200
1930s French military reconnaissance aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1935
Knoller D.I. 

The Knoller D.I series 70 was a prototype fighter aircraft built in the Austro-Hungarian Empire during World War I for use by the Kaiserliche und Königliche Luftfahrtruppen (KuKLFT).

Variants
70.01 first prototype
70.02 second prototype
D.I planned production version (10 ordered, none built)

Specifications (70.01)

References

1910s Austro-Hungarian fighter aircraft
Knoller aircraft
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1917
Life-saving appliances. Life-saving appliances are those appliances that protect human life at sea. The devices are documented as part of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, or SOLAS Convention.

Types  
In the SOLAS Convention and other maritime related standards, the safety of human life is paramount. Ships and other watercraft carry life saving appliances including lifeboats, lifebuoys, life-jackets, life raft and many others. Passengers and crew are informed of their availability in case of emergency. Life-saving appliances are mandatory as per chapter 3 of the SOLAS Convention. The International Life-Saving Appliance (LSA) Code gives specific technical requirements for the manufacture, maintenance and record keeping of life-saving appliances. The number and type of life-saving appliances differ from vessel to vessel, and the code gives a minimum requirement to comply in order to make a ship seaworthy.

Life-saving appliances include 
Lifebuoys and life-jackets
 Immersion suits, anti-exposure suits and thermal protective aids
Lifeboats
 Life-rafts
 Rescue boats
 Rocket parachute flares
 Hand flares
 Buoyant smoke signals
 Launching and embarkation appliances
 Marine evacuation systems
 Line-throwing appliances
 General emergency alarm system
Public address system

References 

Maritime safety
Rescue equipment
Gatard Statoplan Alouette. The Gatard Statoplan AG 01 Statoplan Alouette was a light, two-seat sports airplane developed in France in the early 1950s and marketed for homebuilding.

Design
It was a high-wing cantilever monoplane of short-coupled design with fixed tailwheel undercarriage. Construction was a plywood-covered wooden structure throughout. The variable-incidence horizontal stabiliser was fitted with small endplates to provide extra directional stability but there were no separate elevators.

Specifications

References

Further reading
 

1950s French sport aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Gatard aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1951
Grigorovich MRL-1. The Grigorovich MRL-1 was a long-range reconnaissance flying boat designed by the Grigorovich Design Bureau for the Soviet Navy in the mid-1920s.

Design
The MRL-1 had a very elegant and clean appearance, but the hull construction was very expensive due to the overuse of expensive redwood, and therefore seriously overweight. Gunner position was located right behind the propeller.

Although speed requirements were fulfilled, the ceiling and climb were unacceptably poor, and the flawed hull design precipitated 'wave pushing' and delayed takeoff. Therefore, the MRL-1 was not accepted for production, the lone airframe instead spending its career with the White Sea Fleet.

Specifications

References

Bibliography

Biplanes
Flying boats
1920s Soviet military reconnaissance aircraft
MRL-1
Aircraft first flown in 1925
General Electric T901. The General Electric T901 (GE3000) is a turboshaft engine in the  class currently under development for the United States Army's Improved Turbine Engine Program (ITEP).
The ITEP plans after 2025 to re-engine over 1,300 Sikorsky UH-60 Black Hawk and more than 600 Boeing AH-64 Apache, and was intended to power the now-canceled Future Attack Reconnaissance Aircraft (FARA).

Development
Since 2010, General Electric has spent more than $300 million to develop and test T901-specific technologies. In 2016, the Army awarded GE Aviation a $102-million, 24-month contract for the T901 preliminary design review for which a team of more than 100 engineers was assembled.
The GE-funded prototype six month testing was completed in October 2017, meeting or exceeding the ITEP performance and growth requirements.

On 1 February 2019, the US Army selected the GE T901 as the winner of the ITEP program. Engineering completion and manufacturing development are contracted for $517 million, for August 2024 before low-rate production.

On 22 March 2022, the first turboshaft began bench tests at GE's Lynn, Massachusetts facility. It finished on 28 June 2022 after over 100 hours of testing. The first engine was scheduled to be delivered to the US Army in the fall of 2023. Another engine production delay caused the initial flight of a FARA prototype to be rescheduled for early 2024.

Design
GE has maintained the T700 single spool architecture for modularity and reliability with additive manufacturing and ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) from the CFM LEAP, GE9X or GE ATP.
Additive manufactured components lower weight by minimizing attaching features in assemblies and allows more advanced aerodynamic shapes for better engine performance, reliability and durability.
More durable and higher temperature CMCs replace metal alloys, needing less cooling and improving engine efficiency.

Applications
 Bell 360 Invictus
 Sikorsky Raider X

Specifications

See also

References

External links
 GE T901 page on GE Aerospace site

T901
2010s turboshaft engines
Hibbing Disposal Plant. The Hibbing Disposal Plant, later known as the North Wastewater Treatment Plant, was a sewage treatment plant in Hibbing, Minnesota, United States.  It was built from 1938 to 1939 as a Public Works Administration (PWA) project during the Great Depression, and contained two of the world's largest self-supporting reinforced concrete domes.  The plant was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991 for its local significance in the themes of engineering, health/medicine, and social history.  It was nominated for being an example of the modern sanitation facilities provided to many communities for the first time through the New Deal.  It was also significant as one of the largest PWA projects in northern Minnesota, for its impact on sanitation in Hibbing, and for the engineering of its trickling filter domes.

The city of Hibbing phased out operations of the disposal plant in the early 21st century and by 2012 had secured a grant to raze the property.  As of 2018 the only remaining buildings on site are non-historic additions from later in the 20th century.

See also
 National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis County, Minnesota

References

1939 establishments in Minnesota
Buildings and structures in Hibbing, Minnesota
Government buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Minnesota
Infrastructure completed in 1939
Moderne architecture in Minnesota
National Register of Historic Places in St. Louis County, Minnesota
Public Works Administration in Minnesota
Sewerage infrastructure on the National Register of Historic Places
Michael Sturge. Michael Dudley Sturge (25 May 1931 – 13 July 2003) was an English experimental physicist best known for his contributions to solid-state spectroscopy. He was born in Bristol to a family with a Quaker tradition. While his most influential paper is about discovery of excitons in gallium arsenide, the scope of his research covered wide field of solid-state spectroscopy, and its impact is reflected by establishment of the Sturge Prize in condensed matter spectroscopy.

After accepting the editorship of the Journal of Luminescence in 1985, Sturge drastically extended its scope by transforming it into a journal covering the extensive area of the contemporary condensed matter spectroscopy. He stepped down as chief editor in 1990. He died in Castleton, England on 13 July 2003, of leukaemia.

Sturge's achievements have been recognized by establishment of the Sturge Prize for scientists at the initial phase of their scientific career by the International Conference on Dynamical Processes in Excited States of Solids. The prize was first awarded in 2005.

References

External links
 https://www.canterbury.ac.nz/conferences/dpc19/

Further reading 
 Excitons, ed. by E. I. Rashba and M. D. Sturge, North-Holland (Amsterdam) 1982.

Alumni of the University of Cambridge
2003 deaths
20th-century British physicists
21st-century British physicists
Scientists from Bristol
1931 births
British academic journal editors
Deaths from leukemia in England
Caproni Ca.67. The Caproni Ca.66 and Caproni Ca.67 were Italian night bomber aircraft designed to re-equip the post-World War I Regia Aeronautica.

Design and development
The Ca.66 was a well built wooden aircraft with ply veneer and fabric covering, intended to carry out night bombing. The single-bay inverted sesquiplane wings were braced with streamlined struts and wires and were characterized by their squared off wing-tips, constant chord, and moderate 3° 30' dihedral on the lower mainplanes. The square section fuselage, rounded off at the nose, housed the four crew in three open cockpits with pilot and co-pilot side by side. At the aft end of the fuselage a large triangular fin, with rudder, supported the biplane tailplanes, which were also strut-braced. The tail-skid undercarriage had mainwheels on divided axles, strut-supported beneath the engines and attached to the lower longerons of the fuselage. Controls were conventional with elevators on upper and lower tailplanes, large horn-balanced rudder and horn balanced ailerons on the lower wings only.

The Ca.67 was similar to the Caproni Ca.66 in overall design and span but differed in having 2 Lorraine-Dietrich 12Db engines and increased payload. Flight tests offered no real improvement in performance over the Ca.66, and the Regia Aeronautica did not order the aircraft into production.

Variants
Ca.66 Inverted sesquiplane bomber powered by four  SPA 6A engines in strut-supported tandem pair nacelles between the mainplanes; one built.
Ca.67 A Ca.66 powered by two  Lorraine-Dietrich 12Db (Isotta Fraschini 12Db?) engines in tractor nacelles mounted on the lower mainplanes; one built.

Specifications (Ca.67)

References

Ca.067
1920s Italian bomber aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1923
Biplanes
Twin piston-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Caproni Ca.72. The Caproni Ca.72 was an Italian night bomber designed to reequip the post-World War I Italian Air Force.

Design and development
The Ca.72 was, overall, similar to the Caproni Ca.66 and Caproni Ca.67 in overall design . However, the Ca.72 differed from the Ca.67 in the addition of an SPA 6A engine, mounted as a pusher on the upper mainplane centre-line. Despite these changes, flight tests offered only a  increase in speed over the Ca.66. The Regia Aeronautica did not order the aircraft into production and the Ca.72 was abandoned in favor of the Caproni Ca.73.

Specifications

References

Ca.072
1920s Italian bomber aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1924
Biplanes
Three-engined push-pull aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Three-engined piston aircraft
Caproni Ca.79. The Caproni Ca.79 was an Italian light bomber produced in the mid-1920s.

Design

Wing
The wing structure consisted of two side members connected by joists and stiffened by cruises. The ribs were then inserted onto the side members. The ribs were very light and made of trellis, with duralumin insoles, steel tube uprights and adjustable steel wire crossbars.

Fuselage and armaments
At the center of the lower wing is the fuselage, made of steel tube. The lower side member is a lattice beam to which the carriages are anchored, the tie rods for stiffening the lower wing and the bombs. On the left side, two doors allowed access inside the fuselage: in the piloting position and at another place behind the wing. The two pilot seats were wide, at the top and in front of the front side member of the wing, separated by a short ladder. The controls are placed between the two pilots and on the ceiling of the fuselage. In the bow of the fuselage was located the turret for the machine gun and the place for the observer and its commands for the release of the bombs. Under the fuselage there was a second turret for the shot, which lowered with the weight of the machine gun (disappearing instead when it was not used). Aeroplani Caproni dal 1908 al 1935

Engine 
Of the four engines, two were positioned in tandem, centrally to the cell above the fuselage, while each of the other two were positioned anteriorly, on the wings. The engines were started by compressed air, produced by a compressor unit located under the seat of the right hand rider.

Operators

 Regia Aeronautica

Specifications

See also

References

Ca.079
1920s Italian bomber aircraft
Biplanes with negative stagger
Aircraft first flown in 1925
Four-engined push-pull aircraft
Caproni Ca.103. The Caproni Ca.103 was a biplane twin-engine bomber developed by the Italian company Aeronautica Caproni in the late 1920s.

Design
The Ca.103 had a fuselage, with a rectangular section and made of welded tubes, that integrated the two-seater closed cockpit placed at the wing connection edge and intercommunicating with the three positions for machine guns and pointer. On the rear, it ended up with a single drift fletching equipped with horizontal counter-braced sesquiplane planes, connected to each other by a pair of "V-shaped" uprights, and with the lower plane with adjustable incidence in flight. The wing configuration was sesquiplane inverted with neutral scaling, i.e. with a higher wing plane with a significantly shorter opening and positioned directly above the lower one, the latter being the only one with a differential slit aileron . The wings, both characterized by a sensitive positive dihedral angle, were connected to each other by a series of riser pairs in Warren truss configuration. The landing gear had a fixed classic tricycle configuration, with a front element with an interrupted axle and an elastic upright, with uncovered wheels equipped with brakes, integrated at the back by a swiveling support wheel which was also elastically cushioned.

Specifications

See also

References

Ca.103
1920s Italian bomber aircraft