omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Bus Pirate. The Bus Pirate is a universal bus interface device designed for programming, debugging, and analyzing microcontrollers and other ICs. It was developed as an open-source hardware and software project.

Overview
The Bus Pirate was designed for debugging, prototyping, and analysing "new or unknown chips". Using a Bus Pirate, a developer can use a serial terminal to interface with a device, via such hardware protocols as SPI, I2C and 1-Wire.

The Bus Pirate is capable of programming low-end microcontrollers, such as Atmel AVRs and Microchip PICs.  Programming using more advanced protocols such as JTAG and SWD is possible, but is discouraged due to hardware speed limitations. 

The Bus Pirate v3.6 is based on an PIC24 MCU (SSOP), and communicates with a host computer with either a USB interface with a FT232RL (SSOP) or an on-chip USB module.

The Bus Pirate was designed by Ian Lesnet of Dangerous Prototypes.

Feature list

The Bus Pirate can communicate via the following serial protocols, with line levels of : 1-Wire, I²C, SPI, JTAG, asynchronous serial, and MIDI.

It can receive input from a keyboard, and can output to a Hitachi HD44780 LCD controller.

Other features:
 UART
 2- and 3-wire libraries with bitwise pin control
  measurement probe
  frequency measurement
  pulse-width modulator, frequency generator
 On-board multi-voltage pull-up resistors
 On-board  and  power supplies with software reset
 Macros for common operations
 Bus traffic sniffers (SPI, I²C)
 A bootloader for easy firmware updates
 Transparent USB -> serial mode
  SUMP compatible low-speed logic analyzer
 AVR STK500 v2 programmer clone, supported in AVRDude programmer software

Generational differences 

v3.x models uses a 5×2 header for ribbon cable, whereas the v4.x models uses a 6×2 header.

The size of the circuit board was changed to 60 mm x 37 mm in the Bus Pirate v3.6 and up  so it would match the mounting holes for the "Sick of Beige" DP6037 case.

See also 
 Flashrom

References

External links 
 
 Source code for Bus Pirate software at GitHub

Open hardware electronic devices
Single-board computers
Receptacle. Receptacle may refer to:

Biology
 Receptacle (botany), a plant anatomical part
 Seminal receptacle, a sperm storage site in some insects

Electrical engineering
 Automobile auxiliary power outlet, formerly known as cigarette lighter receptacle, a type of DC power outlet
 Duplex receptacle, a part of a NEMA connector (a type of mains electricity connection)
 Electric receptacle, a type of AC power outlet
 A "female connector" or a "jack" (see electrical connector)

Other uses
 Waste receptacle, a container for temporarily storing waste
 Cigarette receptacle, a container for extinguishing and disposal of cigarette waste
 Dumpster (receptacle), a type of mobile garbage bin

See also
 Container (disambiguation)
 Receiver (disambiguation)
 Enclosure (disambiguation)
Volkswagen Audi Group AMB Engine. The AMB series  engine was an inline 4-cylinder engine, manufactured from 2001 to 2003 by the Volkswagen Group in Ingolstadt, Germany as a replacement for the earlier 1.8T engines, such as the AEB-type engine. As opposed to the AEB, the AMB had thinner wrist pins (19 mm instead of 20 mm). The AMB engine was used in a variety of Volkswagens and Audis, as well as being used by companies owned by Volkswagen, such as the Spanish car manufacturer, SEAT. The engine was available in a wide variety of configurations and was mounted longitudinally in most Audi applications, and horizontally in most other applications. The engine came coupled with a variety of transmissions including a 5- or 6-speed manual, a 5-speed automatic, and a CVT (continuously variable transmission) for front-wheel drive vehicles only. The engine was also coupled with Audi's Quattro all-wheel drive. In 2003 it was replaced by slightly higher powered versions such as the AUM.

Specifications 
The AMB had a DOHC setup featuring 5 valves per cylinder. There were three intake valves and two exhaust valves per cylinder. This design allowed the cylinder to fill with fuel and air quickly during the intake stroke, and purge exhaust quickly during the exhaust stroke thereby increasing efficiency. The engine got its power from a BorgWarner K03 series turbocharger, and multi-port electronic fuel injection. The engine was fired by platinum spark plugs that were coordinated by an electronic ignition system with a separate ignition pack directly connected to each plug. Since it is a hot-running turbocharged engine, the block was made from cast iron to handle heat and pressure. The connecting rods and crank shaft are sintered steel. The engine is designed to handle higher power than it is tuned for because many of the same components are shared with models producing upwards of , such as the AMU-type engine

Sources:

References 

AMB
Pennsylvania Railroad class H6. The Pennsylvania Railroad's class H6, H6a, and H6b steam locomotives were of the 2-8-0 "Consolidation" freight type, the most numerous class on the railroad with 1,707 units and the second most prolific 2-8-0 class in North America, with the USATC S160 class rostering 88 units more. The three subclasses differed as follows:

In the 1920s, 699 H6a and H6b had superheaters added, and cylinder size increased from  to . These rebuilt units were reclassified to H6sa and H6sb.

Class H6 were used throughout the system as mainline freight haulers, on local freights, and as switchers in yards. They were frequently seen double- and tripleheading long freight trains up the steep grades on the Pennsy.

During the period when the PRR was building the H-6 class, the railroad had effective stock control of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and installed a PRR vice-president Leonor F. Loree, as president of the B&O. Subsequently, the B&O bought a large group of identical locomotives from the American Locomotive Company; these were initially classified class I-4, later becoming class E-24. The E-24 class had many variations, some being converted to switchers, or receiving superheaters and new valve chests.  The E-24a was equivalent to the PRR H-6sb.  None of the B&O E-24 class survived to the diesel era.

China
Around 1938, thirty H6sb were sold second-hand to the South Manchuria Railway (Mantetsu), which designated them Sorisa (ソリサ) class (Sori, from "Consolidation", and sa, from san, "three", to indicate the third class of Consolidation-type locomotives operated by Mantetsu). To distinguish these from the British-made Sorisa 1−7, the H6sb were nicknamed ペンソリ Pensori (Pennsylvania Consolidation). Of these, fifteen were taken up by Mantetsu, which numbered them ソリサ8 through ソリサ22, whilst the other fifteen were assigned to the Manchukuo National Railway, where they were numbered ソリサ547 through ソリサ561.

After the end of the Pacific War, both Mantetsu and the Manchukuo National were absorbed by the China Railway, which designated them class KD10.

Survivors

PRR #2846, an H6sb built in 1905 by the Baldwin Locomotive Works, has been preserved by the Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania with two other examples of the H class. #2846 was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979 as Consolidation Freight Locomotive No. 2846.

References

ALCO locomotives
Baldwin locomotives
Lima locomotives
2-8-0 locomotives
Steam locomotives of the United States
Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
Steam locomotives of China
Rolling stock of Manchukuo
H8
Baltimore and Ohio locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1905
Railway locomotives on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
Freight locomotives
Transportation in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
National Register of Historic Places in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
George May Phelps. George May Phelps (March 19, 1820 – May 18, 1888) was a 19th-century American inventor of automated telegraphy equipment.  He is credited with synthesizing the designs of several existing printers into his line of devices which became the dominant apparatus for automated reception and transmission of telegraph messages.

Biography 
George May Phelps was born in Watervliet, New York, in 1820. As a youth, he went to work for his uncle Jonas H. Phelps, who made mathematical instruments in Troy, New York.

During the 1850s, the Morse system of telegraphy was in competition with the Bain chemical system and the House printing system. Phelps' first business endeavor appears to be as Phelps and Dickerman in Troy, New York, building the House printing telegraph instruments. By this time his machinist skills had expanded into areas involving work in light machinery, paper sorting machines, and safe locks. Some of his earliest patents were designs on speed governors.

Printing telegraph 
In 1855, David E. Hughes, a music professor, designed a new printing telegraph system. The Hughes system was purchased by the newly formed American Telegraph Company, a Western Union competitor, and given to Phelps for refinement. Phelps made two important changes to the printer. He invented a device to re-synchronize both the transmitting and receiving printer after the completion of each character. He also combined both drive mechanisms together to increase the number of characters reaching the platen in the shortest possible time. These improvements made the Hughes printer design viable for commercial use.

Further career 
In 1856, the recently organized American Telegraph Company purchased the Phelps and Dickerman shops and made Phelps plant superintendent of its most significant manufacturing operation. Western Union purchased American Telegraph Company following the Civil War in 1866 and positioned Phelps as superintendent of the mechanical department, first in Troy, later in Williamsburg and finally in New York City.

Phelps continued to work on printing telegraph systems for many years with full support from Western Union management, who sought any competitive advantage. He also developed stock quotation printers, or 'tickers'. In the mid-1870s, Western Union's president William Orton assigned Phelps to experiment with the harmonic telegraph in hopes of extended it to a working telephone.

He tried to improve the construction of telephones.

In August 1886 he helped Mr. Franklin Leonard Pope to conduct "The Electrician", and "Electrical Engineer". He acquired an interest in that journal.

George Phelps was a charter member of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, and was elected one of its managers on May 19, 1885. At first, he served on the council, and he became a treasurer on May 17, 1887.

References

External links 
 George Phelps at Telegraph-History
 George Phelps at The Telegraph Office
 George Phelps in Appleton's Cyclopedia of American Biography

1820 births
1888 deaths
19th-century American inventors
Engineers from New York (state)
ČSD Class T 478.4. T478.4 is a class of diesel locomotives designed, manufactured and used in the former Czechoslovakia and now used in the Czech republic (ČD Class 754) and Slovak republic (ŽSR Class 754). The locomotive is based on the T478.3 locomotive series. The most important difference was an electric train heating generator instead of the steam heating generator used on T478.3. To provide additional power needed for the heating generator, the prime mover power output was increased to 1470 kW, but the maximal power at the output of the traction generator remained the same as on Class T478.3. Another important new technology used on these locomotives was an electronic control system with an electrically controlled air brake valve and an automatic speed regulator, which was able to control not only the power output, but also the air brake. Their distinctive cab design has led to the nickname "Brejlovec" ("Goggles").

History
In 1974, after the evaluation of the newly built T499.0 prototypes and considering their high weight and complexity, the Federal Ministry of Transport of Czechoslovakia sent a request to the ČKD design bureau to make a project of a locomotive similar to Class T478.3, but equipped with electric train heating generator. The first two prototypes were finished in December 1975. After trials, series production of 84 locomotives started in 1978. More locomotives were ordered, but the manufacture was terminated by a deliberately-set massive fire that destroyed the ČKD diesel engine plant at Smíchov district in Prague in 1980. The Ministry cancelled the contract for another 96 locomotives before the plant was rebuilt.

Operation
The locomotives were used for heavy passenger and freight service, often double-headed. Since the main line electrification quickly progressed in the years following their manufacture, their importance somewhat decreased in the 1990s. During the rail market reorganisation in the 2000s, they were passed to the national passenger operators - Czech Railways in the Czech Republic and Železničná spoločnosť Slovensko in Slovakia. The two prototypes were withdrawn in 2011 and completely rebuilt to ČD Class 750.7. The series production locomotives remain in passenger operation until today (2020), some of them were withdrawn after accidents or fires. Since 2014, a few of the Czech locomotives have been modified for operation in Poland and leased to Polish rail operator PKP Intercity.

Gallery

In Fiction
The GeoTrax toy line character "Goggles" is based on the ČSD Class T 478.4. Unlike the real T 478.4s, Goggles is portrayed as a single cab locomotive rather than a dual cab locomotive.

See also 
 List of ČD Classes

References

 
 

Diesel–electric locomotives of the Czech Republic
Diesel–electric locomotives of Slovakia
ČKD diesel–electric locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1975
Diesel–electric locomotives of Czechoslovakia
Bo′Bo′ locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Czechoslovakia
Standard gauge locomotives of the Czech Republic
Standard gauge locomotives of Slovakia
Sevsat. SEVSAT is an acronym for Ship Equip VSAT, a maritime satellite broadband system from the Ship Equip Group with its head office in Norway. Ship Equip is a subsidiary of Inmarsat, a mobile satellite services operator.

History 
SEVSAT was developed from 2000–2003, and was initially based on space segment allocations from Eutelsat and Stratos who had implemented the  technology on some of their satellites. In 2004, Stratos closed down their maritime broadband division, and Ship Equip turned to the start-up space segment broker New Wave Broadband and satellite operator Intelsat. These two companies had independently decided to implement  technology on the 907 satellite that covered central and northern Europe, where customers of Ship Equip were primarily located.
 
From 2004–2006, while focusing primarily on its local markets in the offshore oil, gas and fisheries segments, the number of SEVSAT customers increased rapidly to over 100 installed systems early in 2006, and 200 systems by mid-2007. The rate of growth during this period caught the attention of the media and in April 2006, the leading financial newspaper in Norway, Dagens Næringsliv, ran an article indicating that Ship Equip was challenging Telenor, which at that time was the market leader in maritime VSAT. (Shortly after, Telenor Satellite Services was purchased and merged with France Telecom Mobile Satellite Communications (FTMSC) under the Vizada brand). The article initiated further press coverage from regional newspaper Sunnmørsposten and national newspaper Finansavisen.

In 2009, the Comsys group's annual VSAT report quoted Ship Equip as having a 14.3% share in the maritime VSAT market. In 2011, Ship Equip was purchased by London-based Inmarsat for $159.5 million. According to Inmarsat, at the time of purchase, approximately 10% of vessels using Ku-band VSAT worldwide were using networks provided by Ship Equip.

Technology 
SEVSAT includes above deck equipment (ADE) and below deck equipment (BDE). The ADE consists of the antenna which, except for some early deliveries, are SeaTel antennas. Two types of SEVSAT systems exist, C-band and Ku-band, denoting the frequency range in which they are capable of receiving a satellite signal. The C-band antennas are generally large, from  in dish diameter. The Ku-band antennas are smaller, from  in dish diameter. The BDE most commonly consists of one electronic rack containing the following components: an  modem, the SEVSAT global satellite switching unit, a DAC, Cisco Routers, telephone adapters and a UPS.

References

Telecommunications equipment
Satellite Internet access
Terphenyl. Terphenyls are a group of closely related aromatic hydrocarbons.  Also known as diphenylbenzenes or triphenyls, they consist of a central benzene ring substituted with two phenyl groups.  There are three substitution patterns: ortho-terphenyl, meta-terphenyl, and para-terphenyl.  Commercial grade terphenyl is generally a mixture of the three isomers.   This mixture is used in the production of polychlorinated terphenyls, which were formerly used as heat storage and transfer agents.

p-Terphenyl derivatives are found in various fungi and bacteria.  One example is atromentin, a pigment found in some mushrooms.  These natural p-terphenyls are better described as diphenylquinones or diphenylhydroquinones.  Some m-terphenyl compounds occur in plants.

See also
 Biphenyl
 Terpyridine
 Terthiophene
 OMRE, experimental organic nuclear reactor that tested terphenyl as reactor coolant

References

External links
 p-Terphenyl at the Oregon Laser Medical Center
 o-Terphenyl, m-Terphenyl, p-Terphenyl at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

Aromatic hydrocarbons
Phenyl compounds
Nuclear reactor coolants
Terzi T-9 Stiletto. The Terzi T-9 Stiletto is an Italian two-seat light aircraft designed by Milanese aeronautical engineer Pietro Terzi who built a demonstrative prototype at his firm Terzi Aerodyne based in Milan, Italy.

Design and development
The Stiletto is a two-seat low-wing monoplane designed under FAR 23 regulations, that meets the FAA (LSA) Light Sport Aircraft rules. It is mainly metal construction but has a glassfibre cabin enclosure. It has a fixed nosewheel landing gear and is powered by a nose-mounted Rotax 912A piston engine. The cantilever wings and the demountable tailboom of aluminium alloy structure carrying the empennages can be detached for transport and storage.

Specifications

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links
 Pietro Terzi Aircraft

1990s Italian civil utility aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1990
Canadian Vickers Velos. The Canadian Vickers Velos was a Canadian twin-engined float-equipped sesquiplane designed and built by Canadian Vickers Limited in 1928. Designed for survey work, it proved difficult to fly and only one was built.

Operator

Royal Canadian Air Force

Specification

See also

References

External links

Floatplanes
1920s Canadian patrol aircraft
Velos
Sesquiplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1928
Twin piston-engined tractor aircraft
Caudron C.510 Pélican. 

The Caudron C.510 Pélican was a 1930s French air ambulance or touring monoplane. Designed and built by Caudron and based on the earlier Caudron C.282/8.

Development
To create room for a stretcher and attendant the earlier Caudron C.282/8 design was modified with a lengthened fuselage, an improved wing and tailplane design. A single-engined high-wing monoplane, the Pélican had a conventional landing gear. As a touring aircraft the Pélican could carry three passengers and a total of 62 were built as both air ambulances and tourers.

Operators

Force Publique

French Air Force

Specifications (Ambulance)

Notes

Bibliography

1930s French civil utility aircraft
C.510
High-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1934
Ingo Wegener. Ingo Wegener (December 4, 1950 in Bremen – November 26, 2008 in Bielefeld) was an influential German computer scientist working in the field of theoretical computer science.

Education and career
Wegener was educated at the Bielefeld University. He earned a diploma in mathematics there in 1976, a doctorate in 1978, and a habilitation in 1981. His doctoral dissertation, Boolesche Funktionen, deren monotone Komplexität fast quadratisch ist, was jointly supervised by  and Rudolf Ahlswede.

He was a computer science professor at Goethe University Frankfurt from 1980 until 1987, when he moved to the Technical University of Dortmund. He remained at Dortmund until his death.

Contributions
Wegener's dissertation research concerned circuit complexity, and he was known for his research on Boolean functions and binary decision diagrams.
He wrote two books on related topics, The Complexity of Boolean Functions (Wiley, 1987, also called "the blue book") and Branching Programs and Binary Decision Diagrams: Theory and Applications (SIAM Press, 2000).

Beginning in the 1990s, his research interests shifted towards the theoretical analysis of metaheuristics and evolutionary computation.

Awards and honors
Wegener was elected as a fellow of the German society for computer science, the Gesellschaft für Informatik, in 2004. For his merits on teaching and research in the field of theoretical computer science, he earned in 2006 the Konrad Zuse Medal from the Gesellschaft für Informatik.

References

1950 births
German computer scientists
2008 deaths
Bielefeld University alumni
Academic staff of Goethe University Frankfurt
Academic staff of the Technical University of Dortmund
Cierva C.40. The Cierva C.40 was a British autogyro designed by  G.B.L. Ellis, Otto Reder, and Dr. J.A.J Bennett and was assembled by the British Aircraft Manufacturing Company at London Air Park, Hanworth.

Development
The C.40 was the last autogiro produced by the Cierva Autogiro Company, Ltd. Design commenced in July 1936 and continued after Cierva's death in an airliner crash in December of that year. Based on the C.30A Autogiro the C.40 was originally intended to use a higher power version of the Armstrong Siddeley Genet Major engine. Utilizing the lessons of autodynamic rotor development underway since 1933, the C.40 rotor included three flexible blades to suppress vibration and were attached to the rotor hub through inclined flap and drag hinges to give jump-takeoff capability. It had two side-by-side seats in a wooden fuselage and the production version was powered by a Salmson 9NG radial engine, problems with which delayed introduction of the C.40 into service until mid-1938.

Operational history
In 1938 the British Aircraft Manufacturing Company assembled nine C.40s at London Air Park, Hanworth, and seven were delivered to the Royal Air Force. The remaining two were registered to the Cierva Autogiro Company, one was lost in France in June 1940, and the other was impressed into RAF service.

Operators

Royal Air Force
Royal Navy

Specification

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

Single-engined tractor autogyros
1930s British military utility aircraft
C.40