Developer relations. Developer relations, abbreviated as DevRel, is an umbrella term for practices employed by an organization that builds developer-facing software to connect with the developers that use that software. Developer relations is a form of platform evangelism and the activities involved are sometimes referred to as a developer program or a DevRel program. DevRel programs often include the following:

 Developer marketing: Outreach and engagement activities to create awareness and encourage developers to use a product.
 Developer education: Product documentation and resources such as videos to aid learning a product.
 Developer experience: Often referred to as "zeroth customer" and "friction logging", devrel programs include using the product directly, finding problems, and improving the developer experience.
 Developer success: Activities to nurture and retain developers as they build and scale with a product.
 Community: Events, forums, and social groups around the product.

History and roots 
Apple is considered to have created the first DevRel program in the 1980s, starting with Mike Murray, who coined the term software evangelist to persuade third-party developers to develop software and applications for the Macintosh platform. Mike Boich was Apple's first Software Evangelist for the Macintosh project  and hired Guy Kawasaki who would become Apple's Chief Evangelist and popularize their DevRel program.

In 1997, the Microsoft Developer Relations Group created and distributed resources aimed at advancing Microsoft’s success through the support of independent software vendors (ISVs). This strategy, detailed in presentations and emails, focused on facilitating the development and distribution of applications based on the Windows platform. The success of evangelists was measured by the amount of Windows applications their ISVs built and marketed. 

In the following decades many companies formed DevRel programs. In the 2010s companies like New Relic, Twilio, EngineYard, and SendGrid branded DevRel programs as a "Developer-First approach".

Organizational roles

Roles and job titles 
DevRel theoretically intersects engineering, marketing, product management, and community management.

There are several different types of roles/job titles in DevRel including:

 Developer Advocates (aka Developer Evangelists): Focus on getting the word out (i.e., evangelizing) through various means such as speaking at conferences, attending meetups, hosting hackathons, creating code samples, building webinars, hosting virtual office hours and/or advocating by acting as a liaison between the community and internal product teams. They likely have coding experience and may collect feedback, create demos/code samples, or find solutions to issues with the product.
 Developer Experience (DX) Practitioners: Own user experience initiatives for products developers use. DX encompasses both products and documentation, and DX practitioners may deal with SDK or API design, onboarding flows, and documentation. 
 Technical Community Managers: Community managers who focus on conversations of a technical nature, about technical aspects of a product. They may identify and track opportunities for Developer Advocacy teams to educate and inspire their peer developers.
 Developer Marketers: Target and capture software developers' attention to grow awareness, adoption and advocacy of tools, solutions, and platforms. They focus on solving real-world problems by providing solutions to help developers improve their workflows and increase development efficiency. They also facilitate developer advocacy by empowering and evangelizing developers to champion a target product.
 Technical Writers: Technical writers produce content such as online help, manuals, white papers, etc. A technical writer is often considered a DevRel role.

Report structure 
DevRel practitioners may report to different groups within an organization – both technical and non-technical. In a 2021 survey, DevRel practitioners when asked "Which department does your DevRel team report to?" answered the following:

Salary structure 
Annual salaries for DevRel practitioners vary from less than US$50,000 to over $250,000 in some cases. A survey from 2021 indicates that the largest segment of annual salaries was between $100,000 and $150,000.

Companies practicing DevRel

Developer-first versus developer-plus companies  
Organizations which practice DevRel may be Developer-first or Developer-plus (aka Dev +) depending on their primary business model. Developer-First companies (e.g., Stripe, Camunda, PerceptiLabs, Unity, and Twilio) have a business-to-developer model (B2D) focused on selling products specifically designed to be used by developers. Developer-Plus companies (e.g., Slack, Spotify, Apple, Qualcomm, and Santander) tend to be business-to-business (B2B) or business-to-consumer (B2C). While the primary focus of Developer-Plus companies is to create and sell products for businesses or consumers, they also make products or services available to developers which benefit or enhance their strategy including: opening new market channels, creating new use cases, contributing to innovation strategies, or optimizing/enhancing existing products.

In 2021, a survey showed that 63.6% of organizations with DevRel programs were Developer-Plus, and 36.4% were Developer-First.

Developer influence and market sizing 
Regardless of Developer-Plus or Developer-First, companies are recognizing the growing power developers have in influencing purchasing decisions. This includes new companies focused on making tools for developers, and existing companies whose primary focus was elsewhere, which are now recognizing the developer opportunity. Thus, business leaders are now involved in starting new DevRel programs at their companies or increasing the impact of their existing programs.

Products or services targeted at developers comprise an estimated $49 billion (in 2021) Developer-Led landscape that spans many categories including:

 Software Delivery Lifecycle (SDLC): SDLC solutions for processes such as designing, developing, and testing software.
 Dev Tools: Tools for building software.
 Dev Infrastructure: Hardware and software that support the distributed, repeatable construction of software.
 Dev Platforms: Developer-interfacing, code-first, and API-only runtimes.
Twilio, is an example of a Developer-First company, and more specifically an API-first company, that helped to shape the API economy (business models and practices designed around APIs), popularize DevRel programs, and became known for platform evangelism. Notably, their three-word billboard in Silicon Valley that simply said: "Ask Your Developer", followed by the Twilio logo, is credited with having started conversations between executives and developers in strategic decision making.

Breakdown by region 
DevRel initiatives are practiced by organizations around the globe. In 2021, the breakdown of companies practicing DevRel globally were primarily in North America (Canada and the US – 61.5%) and Europe (Eastern Europe, Western Europe, and the UK – 21.6%). Other countries/regions include Australia/New Zealand, China, India, and the Middle East.

Breakdown by industries 
While DevRel is primarily prevalent in IT/IS it is also used in other industries. The general breakdown in 2021 was:

 Information Technology/Services 44.6%
 SaaS 20.5%
 Telecom 6.2%
 Financial services 7.7%

Professional events 
DevRelCon is an annual DevRel event that has been hosted by hoopy.io since 2015. It covers DevRel, DX, community, and developer marketing, and has been held in various cities around the world including London, Tokyo, and San Francisco.

DevRelCon's DevRel Awards celebrate the best of developer relations by highlighting individuals, teams, and initiatives driving developer advocacy, marketing, community, education, and experience.

References 

Technology evangelism
Interdisciplinary subfields
Subfields of computer science
Business management
Marketing
Software engineering