omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Beardmore Crane. The Beardmore Crane was a giant cantilever crane at the William Beardmore and Company yard.

Design

The Beardmore Crane had two opposite cantilevered jibs, both equipped with moving winches, for a total length of . From the jib to the ground extended a tapering lattice, which was enclosed by a lattice tower. The jib was slewed by a mechanism on the ground, and bearings at the top of the tower and where the extension met the ground allowed it to turn. The winch on each arm was powered by two  electric motors for hoisting and two  motors for slewing, and a  motor for slewing. The tower took eight minutes to make a full revolution.

The height of the rail on which the winches ran was , and communication with the operator was by speaking tube. The total weight of the structure was over . Upon completion, the shorter arm was tested to lift  at a radius of  and the longer arm could lift  at a radius of .

Railway tracks running beneath the crane allowed material to be moved from the workshops.

It was used for fitting out ships, installing very heavy items such as boilers, armour and guns. The basin it served was the largest in the world at the time of its completion.

History
The crane was built by Benrather Maschinenfabrik near Düsseldorf, now Demag, and is similar to a crane built for Vickers in Barrow-in-Furness. The two cranes were the first modern high capacity cranes in Britain. Other shipbuilders installed massive cranes soon after, such as the Titan Clydebank in 1907, although these were typically British-built and of a different design.

The crane was erected in 1903 at a cost of £3,352 by German firm Kohncke. The yard was short-lived, lasting from 1899-1930, but saw significant use during the First World War when it built a number of ships for the Royal Navy.

The Beardmore Crane was demolished .

References

Sources
 

Individual cranes (machines)
Shipyard cranes
Clydebank
CSA Scientific Research on the International Space Station. This is a list of all the research and Science activity the Canadian space agency has done.

CSA reported ISS Research and Science Activity

Experiments
 APEX-CAMBIUM - Advanced Plant Experiments on Orbit
Funded by the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), APEX-Cambium will help determine the role gravity plays in trees forming different kinds of wood.
 BCAT-5 - Binary Colloidal Alloy Test
 BISE - Bodies In the Space Environment
 CCISS - Space travel can be dizzying
 EVARM - Radiation monitoring experiment
Radiation monitoring experiment is called EVARM and it was conducted in 2002 and 2003
 H-Reflex (ISS Experiment)
 MEIS-2 (ISS Experiment)
 MVIS (ISS Experiment)
 PMDIS (ISS Experiment)
 SODI-IVIDIL (ISS Experiment)
 RaDI-N (ISS Experiment)

Fields
 Space Medicine

References

See also
Canadian Space Agency
Scientific research on the International Space Station

International Space Station experiments
Space program of Canada
Aisha Steel. Aisha Steel Mills Limited (ASML) () is a Karachi-based steel manufacturing company with production capacity of 220,000 metric tons per year. It is owned by Arif Habib Group.

Its plant is located at Bin Qasim, Karachi and produces at a capacity of 220,000 metric tons per year.

History 
Aisha Steel Mills was founded in 2005 as a joint venture between Arif Habib Group, Metal One Corporation, a subsidiary of Mitsubishi and Universal Metal One, one of the world's largest steel trading companies.

In 2012, it had an initial public offering (IPO) and was oversubscribed by 2.7 times. In the same year, the company started commercial operations.

In 2017, under China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) agreement between the governments of China and Pakistan, Aisha Steel Mills like other major steel producers in Pakistan, is preparing to meet the expected increase in steel supply demands related to the upcoming infrastructure projects in Pakistan.

References

External links
 Official website

Steel companies of Pakistan
Manufacturing companies based in Karachi
Pakistani companies established in 2005
Manufacturing companies established in 2005
Companies listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange
2012 initial public offerings
Eklutna Dam. The Eklutna Dam, also referred to as the New Eklutna Dam or Upper Eklutna Dam, is an embankment dam on the Eklutna River about  northeast of Anchorage in Alaska, United States. The primary purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power generation and it supports a 47 MW power plant. It was first completed in 1929 but was rehabilitated or rebuilt on several occasions over its history. Ownership of the dam and power plant is shared by Chugach Electric and Matanuska Electric.

Background
The original dams and power plant was the idea of businessman Frank Reed. It was constructed by the Anchorage Light and Power Company between 1927 and 1929 atop a natural landslide dam in the Eklutna Valley. It regulated the river to the Lower Eklutna Dam which diverted water into the Old Eklutna Power Plant. The lake dam was rebuilt and improved in 1941 after the previous structure failed. During this same year, the population in Anchorage increased greatly with the onset of World War II. To cope with increasing power demand, the United States Bureau of Reclamation proposed the Eklutna Project. It included raising the dam and installing a new power plant opposite Goat Mountain to the north, along the Knik River. The United States Congress authorized the project on 31 July 1950. Construction began in 1951 and raising the dam commenced the following year. The first generator was commissioned on 8 January 1955, the second and last on 1 April 1955. On 1 July 1955 the entire project was complete. The Great Alaska earthquake in March 1964 caused significant damage to the dam, particularly the water intake for the power plant. The intake shifted towards the lake and frozen alluvium beneath and near the dam's spillway densified, creating voids. Later, in July of the same year, as the ground thawed, two cracks formed near the spillway and portions of the dam filled the void. The dam was deemed unsafe and a taller
embankment dam was constructed just downstream.  Construction and rehabilitation was carried out until 1966. In 1997 the Alaska Power Authority sold the dam and power plant to Anchorage Municipal Light and Power, Chugach Electric Association and Matanuska Electric Association for US$6 million. Chugach Electric acquired Anchorage Municipal Light and Power in 2020.

Design

The dam is  tall and  long. It is filled with  sand, gravel and earth and its crest is  above sea level. The reservoir created by the dam, Eklutna Lake, covers  and is  long. At an elevation of , the reservoir holds  of water. To connect the reservoir and power plant, there is a  diameter,  long penstock which starts at the intake, located on the northwest corner of the lake. From the intake, water rushes down the penstock where it reaches two 23.5 MW Francis turbine-generators. Water used by the power plant is then discharged into the Knik River.

References

Dams in Alaska
Embankment dams
Dams completed in 1955
1955 establishments in Alaska
Energy infrastructure completed in 1955
Hydroelectric power plants in Alaska
Buildings and structures in Anchorage, Alaska
United States local public utility dams
Prismatic compass. A prismatic compass is a navigation and surveying instrument which is extensively used to find out the bearing of the traversing and included angles between them, waypoints (an endpoint of the course) and direction. Compass surveying is a type of surveying in which the directions of surveying lines are determined with a magnetic compass, and the length of the surveying lines are measured with a tape or chain or laser range finder. The compass is generally used to run a traverse line. The compass calculates bearings of lines with respect to magnetic needle. The included angles can then be calculated using suitable formulas in case of clockwise and anti-clockwise traverse respectively. For each survey line in the traverse, surveyors take two bearings that is fore bearing and back bearing which should exactly differ by 180° if local attraction is negligible. The name Prismatic compass is given to it because it essentially consists of a prism which is used for taking observations more accurately.

Least count
Least count means the minimum value that an instrument can read which is 30 minutes in case of prismatic compass. It means compass can read only those observations which are multiples of 30 minutes, 5° 30', 16° 00', 35° 30', for example.

Bearings
The compass calculates the bearings in whole circle bearing system which determines the angle which the survey line makes with the magnetic north in the clockwise direction. The whole circle bearing system also known as the azimuthal system varies from 0 degrees to 360 degrees in the clockwise direction. The included angles can be calculated by the formulas F-P ±180 in case of anti-clockwise traverse and P-F ±180 in case of clockwise traverse, where 'F' is the fore bearing of forward line in the direction of survey work and 'P' is the fore bearing of previous line.

References

Surveying
Civil engineering
Iron hand (prosthesis). Iron hands are metal prostheses for hands and upper extremities from the Middle Ages and early modern period.  These designs combined cosmetic and functional properties. The most famous example of an iron hand was made around the year 1530, being the second prosthetic hand made for the German knight Götz von Berlichingen.

Most iron hands are based on the same constructive principles, although there are considerable differences in complexity. Fingers can be flexed passively (for example using the healthy hand) and are locked in place by a ratchet mechanism, similar to those of contemporary flintlocks. Extension of the fingers works by spring pressure.

Bibliography 
 Löffler, Liebhard: Der Ersatz für die obere Extremität: die Entwicklung von den ersten Zeugnissen bis heute. Stuttgart: Enke 1984, .
 Putti, Vittorio: Historical Prostheses. In: Journal of Hand Surgery. Vol. 30, No. 3, Edinburgh: 2005, pp. 310–325.

References 

Prosthetics
History of mechanical engineering
158A. 158A is a train carriage built by H. Cegielski in Poznań. The train carriage is built for national and international passenger transportation with a maximum speed of 200 km/h on tracks with a width of 1435 mm.

Specification

Carriage Body Structure

The chassis and bodywork is a welded structure made of carbon steel with high strength and resistance to corrosion. The whole carriage is covered with corrosion protection, which, together with a covering paint ensures long-term durability of the wagon body. The spaces in the internal walls and the roof is covered with damping mats of a non-combustible material.

Passenger Compartment

In the interior of the passenger compartment there are arranged in series, seats made out of wool fabric. Above the windows there are placed racks for luggage and a panel fitted with individual lighting for each seat, the monitor includes the lighting setup and seating reservation. Above each carriage door there is a display with information regarding the time, speed and railway stations. The interior lighting for the carriage is made up of uses LED lamps.

References

Railway coaches of Poland
Cantilever method. The cantilever method is an approximate method for calculating shear forces and moments developed in beams and columns of a frame or structure due to lateral loads. The applied lateral loads typically include wind loads and earthquake loads, which must be taken into consideration while designing buildings. The assumptions used in this method are that the points of contraflexure (or points of inflection of the moment diagram) in both the vertical and horizontal members are located at the midpoint of the member, and that the direct stresses in the columns are proportional to their distances from the centroidal axis of the frame. The frame is analysed in step-wise (iterative) fashion, and the results can then be described by force diagrams drawn up at the end of the process. The method is quite versatile and can be used to analyse frames of any number of storeys or floors.

The position of the centroidal axis (the center of gravity line for the frame) is determined by using the areas of the end columns and interior columns. The cantilever method is considered one of the two primary approximate methods (the other being the portal method) for indeterminate structural analysis of frames for lateral loads. Its use is recommended for frames that are taller than they are wide, and therefore behave similar to a beam cantilevered up from the ground.

See also
Conjugate beam method

References

Civil engineering
Structural analysis
NER Class R1. The NER Class R1 (LNER Class D21) was a class of 4-4-0 steam locomotives of the North Eastern Railway. The class was designed by Wilson Worsdell and built from 1908 to 1909.

Design
The design was similar to that of the NER Class R (LNER Class D20) but a larger boiler was used. Boiler pressure was initially .

Towards the end of construction the work was to be moved from Gateshead to Darlington Works. However the initial locomotive assembled as Darlington was failed as unfit to drive and subsequent investigations established that the coupling rod centres were not equal, resulting in a change of Works Manager at Darlington.

Modifications
Boiler pressure was reduced to 180 psi (1.24 MPa) at an unknown date. Superheaters were fitted between 1912 and 1915 and, at the same time, boiler pressure was further reduced to . It was standard NER practice to reduce boiler pressure when fitting a superheater. At some time before the 1923 Grouping, boiler pressure was increased to .

Use
The R1s were initially used on the Glasgow-Newcastle and York-Newcastle services. However, as loads increased, they were replaced by more powerful locomotive types (like the class Z) and relegated to secondary duties. By 1924, the Gresley A1s started to arrived in large numbers, which displaced the C7s to many of the secondary duties of the D21s, and in particular, York its entire allocation.

Withdrawal
They were withdrawn between 1942 and 1946 and none were preserved.

In fiction
Although Edward the Blue Engine, from the Railway Series books and its spin-off television series Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends, is regularly described as bearing "a quite striking similarity" to the Furness Railway "Larger Seagulls". Edward is recognisable as an NER Class R1. The Edwardian 4-4-0 type is a fairly common design pattern in British steam locomotives, although at the time of the Seagulls they still had low-set small diameter boilers with tall chimneys. Edward, in particular, differs in having a cab with dual glazed side windows, a much more characteristic feature of North Eastern railway locomotives, the tapered non-circular spectacle plate windows and also the larger boiler diameter and higher boiler line are distinctively those of the NER R1, by then the LNER D21.

References

R1
4-4-0 locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1908
Scrapped locomotives
Standard gauge steam locomotives of Great Britain
Passenger locomotives
Seacom Skills University. Seacom Skills University (SSU) is a private university located in Bolpur, West Bengal, India enacted by The Seacom Skills University Act, 2014 (West Bengal Act VI of 2014) by the West Bengal Legislative Assembly.

Seacom Skills University  offers UG, PG, diploma, PhD courses in Engineering, Management, Legal Sciences, Agriculture & Hospitality etc. UG courses range from three-four years, PG for two years. The university is approved by UGC. Bachelor of pharmacy is best course offered in the university with  good placement track record.

References

 Private universities in India
 Educational institutions established in 2014
 Universities and colleges in Birbhum district
2014 establishments in West Bengal
Aviatik D.VII. The Aviatik D.VII was a prototype German single-seat biplane fighter aircraft built by  in the last year of the First World War. It could not participate in the Third Fighter Competition of October 1918 because it used the wrong engine and it saw no military service, although 50 aircraft were found in storage after the war. The only real major change from the earlier Aviatik D.VI was a completely new tail structure.

Specifications

References

Bibliography

 
 
 

D.VII
Human Factors in Engineering and Design. Human Factors in Engineering and Design is an engineering textbook, currently in its seventh edition. First published in 1957 by Ernest J. McCormick, the book is considered a classic in human factors and ergonomics, and one of the best-established texts in the field. It is frequently taught in upper-level and graduate courses in the U.S., and is relied on by practicing human factors and ergonomics professionals.

The text is divided into six sections: Introduction; Information Input; Human Output and Control; Work Space and Arrangement; Environment; and Human Factors: Selected Topics.

Contents

The text is divided into six sections:

Introduction: Provides an overview of the field of human factors and ergonomics, including its history, goals, and methods.
Information Input: Discusses how humans perceive and process information from the environment, including vision, hearing, and other senses.

Human Output and Control: Examines human physical and cognitive capabilities and limitations in controlling systems and performing tasks.

Work Space and Arrangement: Covers the design of workspaces and equipment to optimize human performance and comfort, including anthropometry and workplace layout.
Environment: Explores the effects of environmental factors on human performance, such as lighting, noise, temperature, and vibration.

Human Factors: Selected Topics: Addresses specialized topics such as human-computer interaction, automation, and safety.

Editions

Since its first publication, the book has been updated and expanded several times to reflect advances in the field. The seventh edition, published in 2018 by Mark S. Sanders and Ernest J. McCormick, includes emerging topics such as digital technology, automation, and artificial intelligence.

Impact

Human Factors in Engineering and Design has had a significant impact on the field of human factors and ergonomics. The book has helped shape the development of the field and provided a framework for designing human-centered systems. It continues to be a valuable resource for students, researchers, and practicing professionals.

See also
Anthropometry
Industrial and organizational psychology

References

Engineering textbooks
McGraw-Hill books
Ergonomics
Occupational safety and health
Industrial engineering
Systems psychology
Olivier Zarrouati. Olivier Zarrouati (born April 16, 1958, in Toulon, France) is a French engineer and businessman. From 2007 until 2017, he served as Chief Executive Officer of Zodiac Aerospace.

Biography

Education 
Zarrouati, an alumnus of the Ecole Polytechnique (1980), graduated from the École nationale supérieure de l'aéronautique et de l'espace in 1982.

Career 
Zarrouati started his career as a defense engineer before joining the French Space agency (Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales) from 1982 to 1988. In 1989, he joined Matra Marconi Space as project manager for earth observation satellites. In 1998, he led the Development Direction of Intertechnique which was acquired by Zodiac group in 1999. He then served as CEO of Aerosafety’s segment and CEO of the Group’s aeronautical activities. Since 2007, he has been chief executive officer of Zodiac Aerospace. In October 2015, he was chosen by the Supervisory Board to serve a third term of four years as CEO.

Other activity 
Since 2011, Zarrouati has been President of the ISAE SUPAERO Foundation.

Honors 
In 2000, he was appointed Knight of the National Order of Merit and Knight of the Legion of Honor in 2013.

References 

1958 births
Living people
Businesspeople from Toulon
French engineers
French chief executives
Newag 6Dg. Newag 6Dg is a diesel powered shunter locomotive, modernised by Newag from the locomotive SM42 series by Fablok. The locomotive has a Caterpillar C27 diesel engine, which reduces emissions in accordance with the standards required since 2009. It is equipped with a microprocessor control system and remote control. Compared to the SM42 series, the locomotive appears completely different.

History

The 6D locomotive was meant not only as a shunter but also for running passenger trains and light freight. The old SM42 design however, dates back to the 1960s and has notable drawbacks due to poor visibility from driver's cab and the V engine which caused noise and vibrations. Over the 30-year production period the locomotive did not have any significant upgrades. The advantage was the excellent traction which was achieved by a8C22 engine at low RPM. There were attempts to modernise the structure in the 1990s, but these did not go beyond the prototype stage (SM42-2000). Only in 2007 Newag Nowy Sącz had prepared a draft for a total modernisation of the SM42 class. This included a high RPM, turbocharged diesel engine coupled with an AC generator in place with a dynamo.

In the railway world the locomotive is called Kiosk due to its streamline and box type structure.

Operators

References

Standard gauge locomotives of Poland
Diesel locomotives of Poland
Shunting locomotives
Newag 6Dl. Newag 6Dl is the first locomotive from the SM42 series, modernised to the two storage version. The locomotive is built upon the Newag 6Dg and the Newag 18D, and is able to be powered by electricity. This is the first Newag locomotive which has bumpers (shock absorbers) to accumulate collision energy.

Specification

The modernisation involved work on an entirely new body on the existing chassis, with the use of fuel tanks, which were included in the modernisation. The locomotive uses two diesel CATERPILLAR C18 engines with a capacity of 563 kW connected to synchronous generators. Each of the units, included a new exhaust system, which is supported on the refuge. The engine exhaust systems with the diesel filters are DOC types. Built-in power generators can operate in two configurations: the first uses the power of both motors for traction, the second uses the power of the traction to power the cabin of the train.

Problems 
In 2020 there has been problems with some of the locomotives produced, where some mechanism failed to work what caused the trains to be delayed or being hauled by other locomotive, in some cases there was bus transport instead.

References

Standard gauge locomotives of Poland
Diesel locomotives of Poland
Fablok locomotives
Shunting locomotives
Rhein-Flugzeugbau. Rhein-Flugzeugbau GmbH (RFB) was a German aircraft manufacturer. The company was established at Krefeld, Germany in 1955, and later moved to Mönchengladbach.

Due to insolvency of its parent company, ABS International, in 1993 RFB became unable to pay its creditors and the company wound down operations and was liquidated by 2006.

Aircraft
1955 Rhein Flugzeugbau RW 3 Multoplan
1960 Rhein-Flugzeugbau RF-1
1970 RFB X-113
1973 RFB/Grumman American Fanliner
1977 RFB X-114 — ground effect vehicle
1982 RFB Fantrainer — basic two-seat trainer powered by ducted fan

References

External links

Companies based in North Rhine-Westphalia
Defunct aircraft manufacturers of Germany