omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Nizh (explosive reactive armour). Nizh () is a brand of explosive reactive armour designed by the Kharkiv Morozov Machine Building Design Bureau and manufactured in Ukraine by the state enterprise Fundamental Center of Crucial Technologies (FCCT-Microtek). Nizh modules have been provided by the government of Ukraine for the upgrade of the Pakistani Al-Khalid tank.

Nizh modules are fitted to the exterior of a tank or other armored vehicle. As with all ERA modules, they are designed to explode when impacted by a weapon. Nizh modules differ from other ERA modules in that they are specifically designed to eliminate or minimize damage to adjacent modules, thus allowing for increased effectiveness against multiple weapon impacts, compared to other ERA module designs. However, within a single module, there are several grooves that run perpendicular to the path of the incoming projectile. Upon activation, these grooves are sequentially formed into long 'knife'-like penetrators by explosives behind the grooves, designed to break up the incoming projectile, be it a shaped charge jet, or kinetic long-rod penetrator.

Variants and upgrades

Nizh-1M 

Nizh-1M – an explosive reactive armour complex, based on HKChPWSH elements. The complex provides tanks with reliable protection against RPG/SPG grenades (reduction of destructive capacity up to 90%), shaped charge and armour-piercing projectiles (up to 80%), unitary anti-tank guided missiles (up to 70%) and explosively formed penetrators (up to 40%).

Nizh-LM 
Nizh-LM is an explosive reactive armour complex based on HKChPWSH elements for light armored vehicles.

Duplet-2M 
Duplet-2M () is a modular third-generation complex of tandem explosive reactive armour for tanks of Ukrainian production. A modernized version of the Nizh complex. Protection from tandem-charge projectiles is provided by a special tandem layout of elements.

References

External links 
 
 Manufacturer's site

Armoured fighting vehicle equipment
Vehicle armour
Weapons countermeasures
Military technology
Ukrainian inventions
BIOPAN. BIOPAN is a multi-user research program by the European Space Agency (ESA) designed to investigate the effect of the space environment on biological material. The experiments in BIOPAN are exposed to solar and cosmic radiation, the space vacuum and weightlessness, or a selection thereof. Optionally, the experiment temperature can be stabilized. BIOPAN hosts astrobiology, radiobiology and materials science experiments.

The BIOPAN facility is installed on the external surface of Russian Foton descent capsules protruding from the thermal blanket that envelops the satellite.

Design and features
The BIOPAN program started in the early nineties with an ESA contract for the a joint development by Kayser-Threde and Kayser Italia. It was based on the heritage of a low-tech Russian exposure container called KNA (Kontejner Nauchnoj Apparatury). The BIOPAN facilities are installed on the external surface of Foton descent capsules. It has a motor-driven hinged lid, which opens 180° in Earth orbit to expose the experiment samples to the harsh space environment. For re-entry, the closed facility is protected with an Ablative heat shield.

The BIOPAN facilities are equipped with thermometers, UV sensors, a radiometer, a pressure sensor and an active radiation dosimeter. Data acquired by the sensors is stored by BIOPAN throughout each mission and can be accessed after flight.  The possibility of overheating during atmospheric re-entry was acknowledged early during the development, therefore, a quite massive heat shield was designed for it.  While the total weight of BIOPAN is close to 27 kg, including the experiments, the heat shield is responsible for 12 kg of that figure.

The BIOPAN electronics consists of the following units: signal acquisition board, microcontroller board with its flight software, memory board and EGSE.

Missions
The missions flown so far are:

See also

Bion
Biosatellite program
EXPOSE
List of microorganisms tested in outer space
O/OREOS
OREOcube
Tanpopo

References

Astrobiology space missions
Cosmic rays
Extremophiles
Microbial growth and nutrition
Molecular biology
Space exposure experiments
Space-flown life
Space hardware returned to Earth intact
Intempo. Intempo is a 47-floor, 202-metre-high skyscraper building in Benidorm, Spain. The design of the building was officially presented on 19 January 2006 and work began in 2007. Originally scheduled for completion in 2009, work was significantly hampered by the economic crisis of 2008 which seriously affected the real estate sector in Spain. Construction was almost completed in March 2014, but the sponsoring undertaking went into bankruptcy. In 2018, the building was acquired by SVP Global, and was fully finished by mid-2021.

The building is the tallest in Benidorm and the fifth tallest in Spain.

History
In 2005 a 92-million-euro loan was obtained from Caixa Bank to begin the tower's construction. The building's inauguration was initially scheduled for 2009, then rescheduled to 2011.

Height
It is the tallest building in the city of Benidorm (surpassing the Gran Hotel Bali), the tallest in Spain outside Madrid, one of the tallest in the world in a city of less than 100,000 inhabitants, the tallest residential structure in Spain, and the tallest residential building in the European Union.

Structure
The building consists of two parallel towers separated by a gap of  and connected by a cone-shaped structure between floors 38 and 44. Its frontal view, vaguely resembling the number 11 and the letter M, has led commentators to speculate about a possible reference to the terrorist attacks of 11 March 2004 in Madrid. It is one of the few skyscrapers in the world which has the shape of an arch (another in Europe being the Grande Arche in Paris). The façade of the building is of glass, a first for a residential building in Benidorm.

Problems
The architects, Pérez-Guerras and Olcina & Radúan, resigned.

While reports that the building did not include elevator shafts were false, poor planning led to unsafe working conditions for the builders, construction outpacing design, and a construction elevator collapse which injured several of the thirteen workers aboard. Efforts to assist these people were hampered by design flaws which did not permit emergency vehicles onto the building site.

References

External links
 Official website
 In Tempo goes on sale

Residential skyscrapers in Spain
Residential buildings completed in 2014
2014 establishments in the Valencian Community
Buildings and structures in Benidorm
Flylight. Flylight Airsports is a British aircraft manufacturer based in Northamptonshire. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of ultralight trikes and is noted for its line of retractable gear single seat aircraft, such as the Dragonfly. The company also acts as importer for several lines of aircraft including the Best Off Skyranger and the Aeros line of hang gliders.

In 2011 the company experimented with an electric aircraft derivative of the Dragonfly, designated the Flylight E-Dragon.

Aircraft

References

External links

Aircraft manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Ultralight trikes
Olivetti P6060. The Olivetti P6060 was the  first personal computer with a built-in floppy disk. It was presented in April 1975 by the Italian manufacturer Olivetti at the Hannover fair alongside the smaller P6040 that stored data on proprietary 2.5-inch mylar floppies called Minidisk (3 KB).

Description 

The engineering team that devised the P6060 wanted to enclose into the machine everything the user would need, by integrating not only the printer but also the floppy drive. Thus it became the first Personal Computer to have this unit built into its interior. Its central processing unit was on two cards, code named PUCE1 and PUCE2, with TTL components. It had an 80-column graphical thermal printer, 48 Kbytes of RAM, and BASIC language. It was in competition with a similar product by IBM that had an external floppy disk drive.

The assembly line was located in the Olivetti factories of Scarmagno, some modules forming subsets of the machine as a printer or floppy disks were manufactured at plants in San Bernardo d'Ivrea.

External links 
 Description of the P6060 in website Old Computers Museum
 Description, manuals and photos of the P6060 and P6066 (Italian)
 Restoration work on a P6060 (Italian)

Olivetti personal computers
Computer-related introductions in 1975
MV Hansa Brandenburg. MV Hansa Brandenburg was a 2002-built Liberian-flagged container ship operated by the German shipping company Leonhardt & Blumberg. On July 15, 2013, one of the containers on board the vessel caught fire forcing the crew of 17 to abandon ship about   northeast of Mauritius.

General characteristics 
Hansa Brandenburg was  long and had a beam of . Fully laden, she drew  of water. Her container capacity, measured in twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU), was 1,740. For loading and unloading, she had two 40-ton cranes. Hansa Brandenburg was served by a crew of 17.

Hansa Brandenburg was propelled by a single MAN B&W 7S60MC-C low-speed crosshead diesel engine manufactured under licence in China. The main engine, which had an output of , was directly coupled to a fixed-pitch propeller which gave the ship a service speed of . For maneuvering at ports, Hansa Brandenburg had a 900kW bow thruster.

Career 
Hansa Brandenburg was built in 2002 by Guangzhou Wenchong Shipyard in Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. She was known as Maersk Auckland in 2003–2007 and Tiger Jade in 2007–2011 before reverting to her former name.

2013 fire 
On July 15, 2013, one of the containers onboard Hansa Brandenburg caught fire while the ship was en route from Singapore to Durban. Unable to fight the fire that had spread to the superstructure, the crew of 17 was forced to abandon ship about  northeast of Mauritius. The crew was rescued by another container ship, . By July 18, a salvage tug had arrived at the scene and on the following day it was reported that the fire had been brought under control.

On July 22, it was announced the ship was under tow and a final decision on the port of refuge was yet to be made. Further assessment of damage to the vessel would follow upon arrival. The vessel was eventually towed to Port Louis, Mauritius.

According to NGO Shipbreaking Platform, Hansa Brandenburg was sold for scrapping in Southeast Asia, likely India.

The Hansa Brandenburg fire was the second serious accident involving a container ship in the Indian Ocean during the summer of 2013. On June 17, the 8,100 TEU container ship  broke in two  off the coast of Yemen and the stern section sank ten days later. A salvage was attempted on the bow section, but on July 6 a fire broke out and it sank four days later.

References 

Maritime incidents in 2013
Container ships
2002 ships
Merchant ships of Liberia
Ships built in China
Limnoforming. Limnoforming (from Greek: , "lake"; Latin: , "to shape", as in shaping, fashioning, molding, modeling) is the process of  manipulating the physical or chemical properties of a body of water by introducing organisms which facilitate higher level biological activity, thus impacting the overall ecology of a given body of water, and eventually adjacent ecosystems.

Limnoforming is a process using living organisms to enhance a habitat's abiotic component, ultimately rendering it more conducive to a higher ecological quality. This could be accomplished by introducing a population of organisms, e.g., invertebrates or microbes, en masse to the substrate of a body of water.  These organisms would then physically and/or chemically alter the underwater environment to furnish a more suitable substrate for a wider range of biological activity; the result being an increased ecological function (e.g., in trophic dynamics), and thus a higher quality ecological state. Ultimately, limnoforming aims to accelerate the rate of ecological succession in distressed aquatic systems (e.g., lower Green Bay, Lake Michigan), so as to produce a biologically complex climax community in a comparatively short amount of time.

The concept of limnoforming originated from the benthic ecology laboratory of Dr. Jerry L. Kaster, School of Freshwater Sciences, University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee. Limnoforming was partially inspired by, and is similar in several aspects to, the concept of terraforming. The two concepts' main similarity is that both aim to accelerate the rate of change occurring in a given environment, in terms of its habitability for a given species or for a number of species, and furthermore, the overall function of its ecology. Instead of creating a habitable ecosystem or biosphere from scratch, limnoforming simply aims to amend degraded earthly aqueous environments less apt to harboring a high quality ecological community into an environment which does support an ecologically flourishing system. Limnoforming differs from traditional habitat rehabilitation or restoration in that limnoforming is driven by an early sere biological succession process that modifies the physical substrate making it better suited for later seres, whereas rehabilitation/restoration is generally driven by targeting a terminal sere that is poorly adapted at re-forming habitat upon which it depends.

The initial limnoforming study, in Green Bay, Lake Michigan, uses freshwater oligochaetes to re-consolidate highly fluid gyttja substrate (organic black ooze) found extensively in lower Green Bay. The goal is to modify substrate suitability for the mayfly Hexagenia. Historically, this mayfly was found in abundance but the eutrophication of the bay led to their demise in first half of the 20th century.

References 

Aquatic ecology
Limnology
LFG Roland G.I. The LFG Roland G.I was a large prototype single-engine biplane bomber built in Germany in 1915, during World War I. It had a single engine buried in the fuselage driving pusher configuration propellers mounted on outriggers.

Design and development
The G.I was a biplane with a span of over .  Although it had twin pusher propellers mounted between the wings and an Idflieg G designation (heavy bomber), it had only a single engine, mounted in the fuselage over the centre of gravity and linked to the propellers by gears and shafts. Hazet radiators mounted on the sides of the fuselage between the wings provided cooling to the adjacent engine.

The G.I had unstaggered unequal span wings, straight edged and of constant chord and with three bays per side defined by parallel interplane struts. Its fuselage was flat sided with a rounded nose whose profile containing the gunner's position. the pilot's cockpit was immediately behind the gunner but ahead of the wing leading edge. The Maybach Mb.IVa water-cooled six cylinder inline engine was directly behind the pilot driving two propellers placed on outriggers in the inner bays. The fuselage was tapered toward the tail, where a broad chord, triangular fin carried a rectangular rudder that extended below the fuselage. The undercarriage was conventional, with wheels on a single axle mounted on a pair of V-struts to the fuselage. There was also a tail skid and a pair of smaller wheels mounted under the nose to avoid nose-overs.

Specifications

References
 

LFG Roland G.I
Biplanes
1910s German aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1915
Herminio Brau del Toro. Herminio M. Brau del Toro (August 27, 1922 Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico–June 6, 1998 San Juan, Puerto Rico), was a Puerto Rican lawyer, engineer, professor, writer and industrialist.

Early life and education
He was born on August 27, 1922, in Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico, to Hemenio Brau Delgado and Cándida Rosa del Toro Montalvo.  He graduated from the College of Agriculture and Mechanical Arts in Mayagüez with a degree in engineering in 1944.  There he joined the Beta-Activo chapter of Phi Sigma Alpha fraternity, he was chapter president from 1943 to 1944.  He obtained a master's degree from the New York University in 1949 and his doctorate from the University of Louisiana at Lafayette in 1956.  Afterwards he studied law and earned his Juris Doctor Degree from the University of Puerto Rico School of Law in 1964.

Career and later life
He wrote many works, legal and scientific articles.  During his life he presided many institutions such as, the Puerto Rico Manufacturers Association, the Association of Rum Producers, Phi Sigma Alpha Fraternity, and the "Club Caborrojeño del Área Metropolitana" this last one he was a founder and honorary president.  He was a member and council for a number of boards and commissions in the private and public sector.  He belonged to the Bar Association of Puerto Rico, the Colegio de Ingenieros y Agrimensores de Puerto Rico, and was admitted to the Federal District Court of Puerto Rico and the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit.  He was president of Puerto Rico Distillers Inc.  He died on 6 June 1998 in San Juan, Puerto Rico, at age 75.

The "Club Caborrojeño del Área Metropolitana" offers the Herminio Brau del Toro Scholarship for engineering or natural science students of the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez.

Selected writings
La anotación preventiva de créditos refaccionarios : cambios introducidos a esta figura jurídica por la ley hipotecaria de 1979 (Revista jurídica de la Universidad Interamericana de Puerto Rico, vol. 15, núm. 2; ene.-abr. 1981: p 269-300. bibl. 1981)
Apuntes para un Curso sobre el Estado del Derecho Inmobiliario Registral Puertorriqueño bajo la Ley Hipotecaria de 1893 ()
Los daños y perjuicios extracontractuales en Puerto Rico(, (1986)

References

1922 births
1998 deaths
Puerto Rican academics
New York University alumni
University of Louisiana at Lafayette alumni
University of Puerto Rico alumni
People from Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico
Aluminium acetylacetonate. Aluminium acetylacetonate, also referred to as  Al(acac)3, is a coordination complex with formula Al(C5H7O2)3. This aluminium complex with three acetylacetone ligands is used in research on Al-containing materials. The molecule has D3 symmetry, being isomorphous with other octahedral tris(acetylacetonate)s.

Uses
Aluminium acetylacetonate can be used as the precursor to crystalline aluminium oxide films using low-pressure metal organic chemical vapour deposition. In horticulture it can also be used as a molluscicide.

References

Aluminium compounds
Acetylacetonate complexes
Barium acetylacetonate. Barium acetylacetonate is a compound with formula Ba(C5H7O2)2. It is the Ba2+ complex of the anion acetylacetonate.  The compound is typically encountered as an ill-defined hydrate, which would accord with the high coordination number characteristic of barium.

Uses

Barium acetylacetonate has been examined in metal organic chemical vapour deposition of BaTiO3 thin films.  The related complex with hexafluoroacetylacetonate Ba(hfa)2(tetraglyme) has also been investigated.  Its formation of a sublimable adduct containing a polyether illustrates the high coordination numbers typical of barium.

References

Barium compounds
Acetylacetonate complexes
FUL MA 30 Graffiti. The FUL MA 30 Graffiti is a German ultralight trike, designed and produced by Fachschule für Ultraleicht und Motorflug () of Hörselberg-Hainich, Thuringia. The aircraft is supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

The manufacturer is a flying school and aircraft importer that decided to produce their own model ultralight trike.

Design and development
The Graffiti was designed to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category, including the category's maximum gross weight of . The aircraft has a maximum gross weight of . It features a cable-braced hang glider-style high-wing, weight-shift controls, a two-seats-in-tandem open cockpit with a cockpit fairing, tricycle landing gear with wheel pants and a single engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft is made from bolted-together aluminum tubing joined by titanium fittings, with its double surface wing covered in Dacron sailcloth. Its  span wing is supported by a single tube-type kingpost and uses an "A" frame weight-shift control bar. The standard powerplant is a twin cylinder, liquid-cooled, two-stroke, dual-ignition  Rotax 582 engine, but a wide range of engines are available. With the Rotax 582 powerplant the aircraft has an empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload is .

The aircraft has some unique features: the seat assembly and engine mount are integrated and the fuel tank will automatically depart the aircraft in the event of an impact. A wide range of different wings can be fitted to the basic carriage.

Specifications (MA 30 Graffiti)

References

External links

2000s German sport aircraft
2000s German ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Ultralight trikes
Cerium(III) acetylacetonate. Cerium(III) acetylacetonate is a compound with formula Ce(C5H7O2)3(H2O)x. It is typically isolated as the trihydrate. Partial dehydration gives the dihydrate, a  red-brown solid.

Reactions
Cerium acetylacetonate is a precursor to mesoporous nanocrystalline ceria using the sol-gel process. It can also be used along with gadolinium acetylacetonate to synthesize gadolinia-doped ceria (GDC) gel powders.

See also
Cerium(IV) tetrakis(acetylacetonate)

References

Cerium(III) compounds
Acetylacetonate complexes
AlliedWare Plus. AlliedWare Plus is a fully featured Layer 3 operating system developed by Allied Telesis, used on its high-end enterprise network switches, and is the successor to AlliedWare. It is a package encompassing CLI and GUI management, routing, switching and internetworking functionality into a multitasking operating system for IPv4 and IPv6 Ethernet networks. It offers many standards-based features and protocols along with some proprietary technologies such as VCStack for highly resilient stacking solutions, EPSRing for resilient ring topologies, AMF for simplified network management, and Active Fiber Monitoring for secure fiber links.

Interface
AlliedWare Plus' primary interface is its industry-standard CLI. Designed to be similar to other vendor network device CLI's, it is based on a fixed set of multiple-word commands, with the "mode" the user is in defining which of these commands are available. All commands are assigned a default privilege level, with configuration commands requiring the user to enter a higher mode (higher privilege level) than information commands.

It also features a web-based GUI.

Versioning
AlliedWare Plus uses a numerical release versioning structure, formatted as a.b.c-d.e. The first number represents the primary software version, with the second and third numbers representing the major software release. The last two numbers represent the minor and maintenance updates release, respectively. Major and minor releases typically introduce new features or product support, while maintenance releases are usually bug fixes. For example, when this article was first written, the current AW+ software version was 5.4.4-2.3.

Products supporting AlliedWare Plus
 AR3050S and AR4050S Next-Generation Firewalls
 AR2010V and AR2050V Secure VPN Routers
 CentreCOM XS900MX Series
 CentreCom GS900MX/MPX Series
 CentreCom GS980MX Series
 CentreCom GS980M Series
 CentreCom GS980EM Series
 CentreCOM GS970M Series
 CentreCOM GS970EMX Series
 CentreCOM FS980M Series
 x210 Series
 x220 Series
 x230 Series
 x310 Series
 x320 Series
 x330 Series
 x510 Series
 x530 Series
 x530L Series
 x550 Series
 x600 Series
 x610 Series
 x900 Series
 x930 Series
 x950 Series
 SwitchBlade x908
 SwitchBlade x908 GEN2
 SwitchBlade x8100 Series
 IE200 Series
 IE300 Series
 IE500 Series
 IX5-28GPX
 DC2552XS/L3
 AMF Cloud

See also
 Allied Telesis

References

External links
 Official website

Network operating systems
Embedded operating systems