omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
List of megaprojects in India. 

This is a list of megaprojects in India. "Megaprojects are temporary endeavours (i.e., projects) characterized by large investment commitment, vast complexity (especially in organisational terms), and long-lasting impact on the economy, the environment, and society".

Bharatmala (roads and highways) projects

Sea links

Tunnels and border roads

Char dham Pariyojana

Roads and expressways

Defense projects

Air defense

Naval defense

Warships

Submarines

Industrial corridors projects

Industrial corridors

Steel plants

Metal/Alloy plants

Fertilizer plants

Manufacturing plants and industries

Refineries

Mines

Petrochemical complexes

Gati Shakti (logistics) projects

Multi-Modal Logistics Park/Gati Shakti Cargo Terminal (GCT)/land ports
Source:

Freight transportation

Parvatmala (airlifts and ropeways) projects

Power projects

National Solar Mission

Nuclear power plants

Nuclear power R&D projects

Pumped storage hydropower projects

Other fuels

PRASHAD (pilgrimage places development) projects

Railway projects

New rail-line projects(Greenfield Projects)

Mission-Raftar projects(Brownfield Projects)
Source:

Higher-speed rail projects

Recreational projects

Reservoir and irrigation projects

Dams

Pumped Storage Projects

Inter-river link projects

Coastal reservoirs

Sagarmala (ports and waterways) projects

Sea ports

Private ports
There are also private ports under construction/reopening.

National waterways

Ferry

Science and technology projects

Aerospace Research and Development projects

Commercial aircraft

Commercial Helicoptes

Spaceports

Rockets

Satellite-based navigation

Railway Rakes

Supercomputing

Laboratories, observatories and related projects

Digital public goods

Vaccines

Setu Bharatam (bridges) projects

Sports infrastructure projects

UDAN (airports) projects

Greenfield airports

Proposed airports

Aerocities

Urban development projects

Township projects

Urban infrastructure projects

See also 
 Bharatmala
 Sagarmala
 Expressways of India
 Urban rail transit in India
 High-speed rail in India
 Emerging Kerala

Notes

References 

Megaprojects
Proposed infrastructure in India
Megaprojects
India
French submarine Aigrette. Aigrette was the lead boat of the s built for the French Navy between 1902 and 1905. Laid down in May 1902, she was launched in February 1904 and commissioned in 1908. She was essentially an experimental submarine, and although in service during World War I, saw no action. The class was designed by Maxime Laubeuf and used Drzewiecki drop collar launchers and external cradles to launch torpedoes.

Design

Aigrette had a surfaced displacement of  and a submerged displacement of . Her dimensions were  long, with a beam of  and a draught of . She had a single shaft powered by one diesel engine for surface running of  and an electric motor which  produced  for submerged propulsion. The maximum speed was  on the surface and  while submerged with a surfaced range of  at  and a submerged range of  at . Her complement was 14 men.

The submarines armament comprised two  Drzewiecki drop collar torpedo launchers and two  torpedoes in external cradles.

Construction and career
Aigrette was ordered and laid down on 13 May 1902, launched in February 1904 and commissioned in 1908. She was the first submersible in the world to be launched which used a diesel engine for surface running  although the experimental submarine  was both the first to be ordered and commissioned.

On 5 October 1904, hydrogen leaked out of the submarine's battery causing parts of it to explode, and on 13 May 1908, she was sent to Toulon to serve as a training boat.

During World War I, Aigrette served in defensive positions in Brest and in Cherbourg. In 1916, Aigrette participated in successful tests for underwater cutting of anti-submarine nets, but the result were never implemented in a warship before the end of the war.

Aigrette was retired from service on 12 November 1919 and sold for scrap at Toulon on 14 April 1920.

See also 

List of submarines of France

References

Citations 

 
 

World War I submarines of France
Aigrette-class submarines
1904 ships
Hunter 18.5. The Hunter 18.5 is an American trailerable sailboat that was designed by the Hunter Design Team as a cruising sailboat and first built in 1987.

Production
The design was built by Hunter Marine in the United States between 1987 and 1993, but it is now out of production.

Design
The Hunter 18.5 is a small recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass, with wood trim. It has a fractional sloop rig with a fully battened mainsail, a raked stem, a reverse transom, a transom-hung kick-up rudder controlled by a tiller and a fixed wing keel. It displaces  and carries  of ballast.

The boat has a draft of  with the standard shoal-draft wing keel, allowing ground transportation on the factory standard trailer.

The boat is optionally fitted with a small  outboard motor for docking and maneuvering. Other factory optional equipment included a portable head, galley alcohol stove, water pump tap, cooler and anchor.

The design has sleeping accommodation for three people, with a double "V"-berth in the bow cabin and a straight settee in the main cabin on the port side. Cabin headroom is .

The design has a PHRF racing average handicap of 288. It has a hull speed of .

Operational history
In a 2010 review Steve Henkel wrote, "in the late 1980s, Hunter Marine expanded their cruising, boat line into smaller sizes. They also redesigned the line with a more 'modern' look. The Hunter 18.5 was one of the first of Hunter's minicruisers to be introduced. Unique features include a very shallow (two-foot draft) keel with both a bulb and 'winglets.' Best features: Headroom of four feet is exceptional for a boat of this size ... Ballast is also highest for the group ... Worst features: The keel is too shallow, and has too small a lateral area, to expect even so-so upwind sailing performance, with or without the winglets (which we suspect are too small to serve any real purpose). The full-length battens make it difficult to 'read' the trim of the mainsail, The flip-up rudder, being deeper than the keel, is thus unprotected and therefore subject to damage or loss if a sudden shoal water situation is encountered and the flip-up mechanism isn't ready for it."

See also
List of sailing boat types

Similar sailboats
Alacrity 19
Buccaneer 200
Cal 20
Catalina 18
Drascombe Lugger
Edel 540
Mistral T-21
Naiad 18
Paceship 20
Sandpiper 565
Sanibel 18
San Juan 21
Siren 17
Typhoon 18

References

External links
Official brochure

Keelboats
1980s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Trailer sailers
Sailboat type designs by Hunter Design Team
Sailboat types built by Hunter Marine
William C. Gotshall. William Charles Gotshall (May 9, 1870 – August 20, 1935) was an American civil engineer known for his research on engineering economics in civil engineering published as Notes of electric railway economics and preliminary engineering (1903, 1904). He was also responsible for the conversion of the Second Avenue Railroad in New York from horses to conduit electrical power in 1897–1898.

Early life and career
William Charles Gotshall, was born in St. Louis, Mo., on May 9, 1870, the son of Daniel H. Gotshall (1844–1909) and Minnie Wortmann Gotshall (1845–1918).
He married Adelaide von Rathgen on September 15, 1897.

Military service
Gotshall was commissioned as a Major of Engineers in the New York Guard in June 1917 and discharged in 1920.
His service consisted of surveying, locating and constructing military roads as well as assisting in railroad design and camp layouts.

Death

Gotshall died in New City on August 20, 1935.

The Gotshall collection
At the time of his death in 1935, Gotshall possessed an extensive collection of books and in his will left this collection to the New York State Library, one of the largest in the world.

Bibliography
 Notes on electric railway economics and preliminary engineering. New York: McGraw Publ. Co.. (1903).
 Railway (Electric) Economics (article), Beach, Frederick Converse, and George Edwin Rines, eds. The encyclopedia americana. Vol. 10. New York: Americana Company, 1904.

See also
Engineering economics (civil engineering)

References

Sources
 Gotshall, William Charles. Marquis Who Was Who in America 1607–1984, edited by Marquis Who's Who, Marquis Who's Who LLC, 1st edition, 2009. Credo Reference, Accessed 26 Oct. 2018.
 Gotshall, William Charles (article) Missouri Biographical Dictionary, Jan Onofrio, Somerset Publishers, Inc., (2001)  
 The Gotshall collection in the New York State Library. New York State Library. (1960)

External links
 New York State Library., Gotshall, W. Charles. (1960). The Gotshall collection in the New York State Library. Albany. 

1870 births
1935 deaths
American civil engineers
19th-century American engineers
20th-century American engineers
822X Squadron RAN. 822X Squadron is a Royal Australian Navy Fleet Air Arm squadron established in October 2018. Its role is to trial unmanned aerial vehicles.

History
The RAN established a Navy UAS Development Unit in late 2012. This unit was tasked with experimenting with a UAV to test the type's suitability and begin developing procedures. It began flying its first UAV, a leased Boeing Insitu ScanEagle, in March 2013. The Navy purchased two ScanEagles in June 2015, and the unit was renamed the Naval Unmanned Aircraft Systems Unit.  Schiebel Camcopter S-100 UAVs were acquired in late 2016, and accepted into RAN service on 30 April 2018.

822X Squadron was formed at HMAS Albatross on 25 October 2018 by redesignating the Naval Unmanned Aircraft Systems Unit. The X in its title indicates that it is a developmental unit; this is the first time the Royal Australian Navy has used such a designation.

The squadron's role is to experiment with operating UAVs and develop procedures for integrating them into the Navy. Upon formation, the squadron was equipped with Insitu ScanEagle and Camcopter S-100 UAVs. These are intelligence UAVs equipped with high quality cameras. 822X Squadron's title was drawn from the serial number of the Naval Unmanned Aircraft Systems Unit's first aircraft, a ScanEagle designated AV1422.

As of October 2018, the RAN intended to trial the Camcopter S-100s and ScanEagles for three to five years, and purchase other UAVs in the 2022-23 financial year.

References

Flying squadrons of the Royal Australian Navy
Military units and formations established in 2018
2018 establishments in Australia
Muriel Médard. Muriel Médard (born February 1, 1968) is an information theorist and electrical engineer. She is the Cecil H. Green Professor of Electrical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and is known for her research in network coding.

Education and career
Médard earned a bachelor's degree from MIT in 1989, with a double major in mathematics and electrical engineering. She earned a second bachelor's degree from MIT in 1991, in Russian studies, at the same time earning a master's degree in electrical engineering. She completed her doctorate (Sc.D.) in electrical engineering at MIT, with a minor in management, in 1995. Her dissertation was Capacity of Multiple User Time Varying Channels in Wireless Communications and was supervised by Robert G. Gallager.

After postdoctoral research in the MIT Lincoln Laboratory, Médard became an assistant professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign in 1998. She returned to MIT as a faculty member in 2000.

In 2012, Médard served as president of the IEEE Information Theory Society.
She is also the former editor-in-chief of the IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,
and the co-founder of the companies CodeOn, Steinwurf and Chocolate Cloud.

Recognition
Médard became Cecil H. Green Professor in 2014.

She was elected as a Fellow of the IEEE in 2008 "for contributions to wideband wireless fading channels and network coding."
In 2016 she received the IEEE Vehicular Technology James Evans Avant Garde Award.
In 2017 she won the Aaron D. Wyner Distinguished Service Award of the IEEE Information Theory Society,
and the Edwin Howard Armstrong Achievement Award of the IEEE Communications Society "for pioneering work in the fields of network coding, wireless communications, and optical networking".
In 2018 she received an ACM Sigcomm Test of Time Award. She received an honorary doctorate from the Technical University of Munich in 2020.

She was elected as a member of the US National Academy of Engineering in 2020 and as a Fellow of the US National Academy of Inventors in 2018. In 2022, she won the Koji Kobayashi Computers and Communications Award for her work on a universal decoder. She was elected to the German National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina in 2022.

References

External links
The Network Coding and Reliable Communications Group at MIT

1968 births
Living people
American information theorists
American electrical engineers
MIT School of Engineering alumni
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign faculty
MIT School of Engineering faculty
Fellows of the IEEE
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science alumni
Mikhail Shumayev. Mikhail Petrovich Shumayev (22 April 1924 - 5 February 1995) was a Soviet nuclear physicist, engineer and chemist. He was a co-developer of the RDS-37, the Soviet Union's first two-stage thermonuclear bomb.

He was born in Bol'shiye Alabukhi, Gribanovsky District, Voronezh Oblast. He left high school in 1941 and worked on a farm collective. From 1942, he fought on the Eastern Front (World War II) and was involved in the defence  of Stalingrad. He was discharged after being wounded in February 1943.

Between 1944 and 1945, he studied at the Ivanovo Institute of Chemical Technology before transferring to Moscow State University to study physics, graduating with honours in 1950. He was sent to KB-11, now the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Physics in the closed city of Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod region, where he worked as a senior engineer on thermonuclear weapons in Igor Tamm's group. This group developed, tested and improved megatonne-yield thermonuclear weapons.
In 1955, he transferred to the Scientific Research Institute-1011. Later, his working group developed nuclear charges for an aerial bomb, the R-13 rocket and the X-20M cruise missile. For this work in equipping bombs and missile systems, he and his colleagues received the Lenin Prize in addition to other state awards for their involvement in the development of his country's nuclear defences. He wrote a further degree thesis in 1960 and was awarded a Ph.D. in 1968. Later he became head of the theoretical department of the 1011 group,  a role he remained in until 1990, when he became a chief researcher. He trained many scientists and was part of the committees and commissions which awarded state prizes, degrees and titles related to his areas of expertise. He retired in August 1991.

He died in Obninsk, Kaluga Oblast.

Awards
 1953: Medal "For Labour Valour" & Stalin Prize 2nd Degree.
 1958: Lenin Prize.
 1956, 1975, 1981: Order of Lenin.
 1976: Order of the October Revolution.
 1971: Hero of Socialist Labour.
 1985: Order of the Patriotic War 2nd Degree.

References

Soviet nuclear physicists
Soviet chemists
Soviet engineers
Moscow State University alumni
Heroes of Socialist Labour
1924 births
1995 deaths
Methylene imine. Methylene imine is an organic compound with the chemical formula . The simplest imine, it is a stable, colorless gas that has been detected throughout the universe. Structural parameters determined by microwave spectroscopy include a C=N bond length of 1.27 Å, an N–H bond length of 1.02 Å and an  bond angle of 110.5°. Because unhindered imines polymerize or oligomerize when concentrated, methylene imine has not been isolated as a liquid or bulk solid. Attempted synthesis of methylene imine from the reaction of ammonia and formaldehyde produces hexamethylenetetramine.

References

Imines
Jana Košecká. Jana Košecká is a Slovak computer scientist specializing in computer vision. She is a professor of computer science at George Mason University. Previously, Košecká was a researcher at Stanford University and the University of California, Berkeley.

Education and career
Košecká earned bachelor's and master's degrees in electrical engineering and computer science at the Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava; her master's thesis was on agricultural applications of artificial intelligence.
After seeing a conference talk on robotics by Ruzena Bajcsy, she became interested in the subject and moved to the General Robotics, Automation, Sensing & Perception Laboratory at the University of Pennsylvania, where she completed her Ph.D. with Bajcsy as her doctoral advisor in 1996.
Her dissertation was A Framework for Modeling and Verifying Visually Guided Agents: Design, Analysis and Experiments. She held visiting positions at Google, and Nokia Research.

Košecká spent three years doing postdoctoral research on the applications of computer vision to self-driving cars at the University of California, Berkeley, before taking her present position as a faculty member at George Mason University. During her time at Berkeley, Košecká was a visiting scholar at Stanford University.

Book
With Yi Ma, Stefano Soatto, and S. Shankar Sastry, Košecká is the author of the book An Invitation to 3-D Vision: From Images to Geometric Models (Springer, 2004).

Recognition
With Ma, Soatto, and Shastry, Košecká won the 1999 Marr Prize for their paper "Euclidean reconstruction and reprojection up to subgroups".
She was a keynote speaker at the 2018 International Conference on Robotics and Automation.

References

External links
Home page

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American computer scientists
Slovak computer scientists
American women computer scientists
Computer vision researchers
University of Pennsylvania alumni
George Mason University faculty
Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava alumni
American women academics
21st-century American women
Orion-class submarine. The Orion-class submarines were a class of two submarines built for the French Navy between 1928 and 1931.

Design
The Orion-class submarines were ordered in 1928 to a Loire-Simonot design.  long, with a beam of  and a draught of , they could dive up to . The submarines had a surfaced displacement of  and a submerged displacement of . Propulsion while surfaced was provided by two diesel engines with a total of  and two electric motors with a total of . The submarines' electrical propulsion allowed it to attain speeds of  while submerged and  on the surface. Their surfaced range was  at  with a submerged range of  at .

Ships

References 

 
 
Submarine classes
Ship classes of the French Navy
Drude Berntsen. Drude Elisabeth Berntsen (born 1939) is a Norwegian computer scientist who was director of the Norwegian Computing Center (Norsk Regnesentral) from 1970 to 1990. It was unusual for a woman to hold such a high-ranking position at a time of male dominance in computing.

Berntsen's publications include a survey of early Norwegian computing developments titled "The Pioneer Era in Norwegian Scientific Computing (1948–1962)". and a biography of Kristen Nygaard, The Many Dimensions of Kristen Nygaard, Creator of Object-Oriented Programming and the Scandinavian School of System Development.

References

1939 births
Living people
Norwegian computer scientists
Norwegian women computer scientists
People from Eidsvoll
20th-century Norwegian women scientists
John Perkins (chemical engineer). John Douglas Perkins (born 18 March 1950) is a retired academic, engineering scientist, and government adviser. He held professorships at Imperial College London and the University of Sydney, served as President of the Institution of Chemical Engineers and was Chief Scientific Adviser to the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills.

Career 
Born on 18 March 1950, Perkins was educated at Imperial College London, graduating with a first-class Bachelor of Science degree in chemical engineering in 1971; he was awarded the Hinchley Memorial Medal. He then spent two years studying for a PhD at Imperial, supported by a studentship from Salters' Institute of Industrial Chemistry, before becoming a demonstrator in chemical engineering at the University of Cambridge. In 1977, his PhD was awarded, and in the same year, he returned to Imperial as a lecturer. He was promoted to a senior lectureship in 1983 and then moved to the University of Sydney in 1985, where for three years he was ICI Professor of Systems Engineering. He then returned to Imperial once more, as Professor of Chemical Engineering in 1988; in 2000, he was promoted to a named chair, the Courtaulds Professorship in Chemical Engineering; he was principal of the Faculty of Engineering from 2001 to 2004. While at Imperial, he was one of a number of people responsible for the start-up and spinning out of PSE Ltd and ParOS. In 2004, he moved to the University of Manchester, where he was Vice President and Dean of Engineering and Physical Sciences from 2004 to 2009; Manchester then made him an honorary professor on retirement. Between 2012 and 2015, Perkins was the Chief Scientific Adviser to the United Kingdom government's Department for Business, Innovation and Skills and authored the Perkins Review of engineering skills. He has since been a director of JP2 Consulting.

Perkins's research relates to process systems engineering.

Honours and awards 
Perkins was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 2007 New Year Honours. He is a Fellow of: the Institution of Chemical Engineers (since 1986), the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications (since 1993), the Royal Academy of Engineering (since 1993), the City and Guilds of London Institute (since 1996), the Royal Society of Arts (since 2004), and the Institute of Engineering and Technology (since 2015). He was President of the Institution of Chemical Engineers for the 2000–01 year, and was Vice-President of the Royal Academy of Engineering from 2007 to 2010.

References 

1950 births
British chemical engineers
Alumni of Imperial College London
Academics of Imperial College London
Academic staff of the University of Sydney
Academics of the University of Manchester
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
Chemical engineering academics
Fellows of the Institution of Chemical Engineers