omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Alcor C-6-1 Junior. The Alcor  Junior  was a small, six passenger, twin-engined airliner built in the U.S. and flown in 1938. As on Alcor's earlier Duo-4 and Duo-6, its inline engines were mounted horizontally to minimize their separation and drag. Only one was built; it was lost in a crash less than four months after its first flight.

Design and development

The C-6-1 was a low wing airliner of mixed wood and metal construction. Its wings were tapered in plan, ending in semi-elliptical tips, and were built around twin spars. Its ribs were steel tube girder structures in inner, high stress regions around engine and undercarriage attachment points but were spruce girders elsewhere. Wing covering was largely plywood, except close to fuel tanks where duralumin was used. The trailing edges carried hydraulically operated flaps and Frise ailerons.

Though in the high wing Duo-4 and -6 the engines were mounted on the sides of the forward fuselage, the low wing of the C-6-1 enabled their attachment, cylinder heads together, to the forward wing spars, with steel trusses distributing loads to the rear spars.  Their cowlings formed a local, inner extension of the leading edges. The engines were , air-cooled, supercharged, straight-six Menasco C-6S Super-Buccaneers. Their positioning brought the propeller tips to within .

The forward fuselage, which included the engine and wing mountings, had a steel tube frame and was skinned with light alloy. Behind the cockpit the fuselage became a semi-monocoque wooden structure, with spruce frames and longerons under pressure-formed two-ply shell. The cockpit had seating for two with dual controls and the passenger cabin behind had three rows of seats in pairs either side of a central aisle. At the rear of the cabin there was a toilet and a baggage compartment with a radio cabin behind it.

The C-6-1 had a conventional cantilever tail formed from plywood over wood frames. The horizontal tail, mounted on the top of the fuselage, was narrow and straight-edged but the vertical tail was much broader and curved, its dorsal fin rising slowly from the fuselage. Control surfaces were balanced and fitted with trim tabs.

Its main landing gear was retractable, with oleo legs retracting rearwards and rotating axially through 90° so the wheels, equipped with brakes, lay flat in the wings. The faired, oleo-legged tailwheel did not retract but lockably swivelled for ground manoeuvres.

The first flight of the C-6-1 was made on March 6, 1938 and a brief development program showed good handling. However, during a test flight on June 27, 1938 the pilot initiated a high speed dive, not part of the flight program, from which he could not recover. The two crew escaped by parachute over San Francisco Bay, but the financial consequences ended Alcor Aircraft.

Specifications

References

Twin piston-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
1930s United States airliners
Junior
Aircraft first flown in 1938
Barbara Abraham-Shrauner. Barbara Wayne Abraham-Shrauner is an American physicist, applied mathematician, and electrical engineer, known for her research on magnetohydrodynamics and plasma phenomena, including mathematical modeling of shocks and Alfvén waves, observation of the solar wind, and applications to the plasma etching of semiconductors, as well as on hidden symmetries and nonlocal symmetries in differential equations. She is retired as a professor of electrical and systems engineering at Washington University in St. Louis.

Education and career
Abraham-Shrauner graduated from the University of Colorado in 1956.
She earned a master's degree from Harvard University in 1957 and completed her Ph.D. there in 1962.

She joined Washington University in St. Louis faculty in 1966, after postdoctoral research at the Université libre de Bruxelles and NASA Ames Research Center, and retired from full-time service in 2003 at Washington University, where she continues to hold an affiliation as a part-time Senior Professor in the Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering.

Recognition
Abraham-Shrauner was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS) in 1999, after a nomination from the APS Division of Plasma Physics, "for important theoretical contributions to a broad range of plasma topics, including: space plasmas, nonlinear dynamics, and plasma processing". She is a part of the Barbara Abraham Shrauner Endowed Scholarship in Physics to award undergraduate students that are involved in pursuing Physics or Engineering Physics.

Personal life
Abraham-Shrauner was married to James Ely Shrauner (1933–2015), a professor of physics at Washington University.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American physicists
20th-century American mathematicians
20th-century American women mathematicians
21st-century American mathematicians
21st-century American women mathematicians
American women physicists
American applied mathematicians
American electrical engineers
21st-century American women engineers
21st-century American engineers
University of Colorado alumni
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Washington University in St. Louis physicists
Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences alumni
CXX. .cxx is a file extension for C++ files.

CXX may also refer to:

 120 (number) or CXX in Roman Numerals
 AD 120
 No. 120 Squadron RAF
 Sonnet CXX, a sonnet by William Shakespeare
 Canto CXX, a canto of the epic poem The Cantos by Ezra Pound
 C++, the programming language, alternately rendered as "Cxx"
 CX-X, a cargo plane program that resulted in the Lockheed C-5 Galaxy

See also
 120 (disambiguation)
 CX (disambiguation)
 CCX (disambiguation)
Donald L. Totten. Donald Lee Totten (February 19, 1933 – April 2, 2019) was an American mechanical engineer and politician who served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1973 to 1981 and in the Illinois Senate from 1981 to 1983. He also served as chairman of the Cook County Republican Party.

Early life and career
Totten was born in Brooklyn in New York City. He lived with his family in Ridgewood, New Jersey. Totten attended Ridgewood High School in Ridgewood and Perkiomen School in Pennsburg, Pennsylvania. In 1955, Totten received his bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from University of Notre Dame. In 1955 he moved to Illinois and worked as an industrial plant engineer.

Political career
He was involved with the Republican Party and with Schaumburg Township Republican Party Committee. Totten served in the Illinois House of Representatives from 1973 to 1981 and in the Illinois Senate from 1981 to 1983. In 1982, Totten ran for the Republican nomination for Lieutenant Governor, finishing third behind Susan Catania and Republican nominee George Ryan.

From 1985 until March 1988, Totten was the chairman of the Cook County Republican Party.

Totten helped manage the midwestern operations of the presidential campaigns of Ronald Reagan in 1980 and 1984, and served as the Illinois coordinator for the presidential campaign of Jack Kemp in the 1988 Republican primaries. He also served on the Regional Transportation Authority in Illinois.

Death
Totten died from heart failure at his daughter's house in Cornelius, North Carolina.

Notes

1933 births
2019 deaths
People from Ridgewood, New Jersey
Politicians from Brooklyn
Politicians from Cook County, Illinois
Ridgewood High School (New Jersey) alumni
University of Notre Dame alumni
American mechanical engineers
Republican Party members of the Illinois House of Representatives
Republican Party Illinois state senators
20th-century members of the Illinois General Assembly
Japie van Zyl. Japie van Zyl (February 24th 1957 - 26 August 2020) was a Namibian electrical engineer working for NASA.

Van Zyl was born in Outjo, Namibia. After matric he attended Stellenbosch University where he obtained an honours degree in electronic engineering cum laude in 1979 . After a further two years in the South African Navy, he went to California in 1982 where he obtained his MSc degree in electrical engineering from the California Institute of Technology ( Caltech ) in 1983. In 1986, he completed his PhD in electrical engineering at Caltech and then joined the Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( "JPL" ) as a researcher.

In 1990, he was appointed the leader of a group that does advanced radar research with aircraft. They are developing several new techniques to take pictures of the Earth (and other planets) using special radars. In 1995, van Zyl became head of all radar research at the JPL. In 2000, he became deputy head of the organization that implements and launches all of JPL's missions around the Earth. One of the most important missions is the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission which was launched in February 2000 on the shuttle Endeavor.

In 2003, van Zyl was the deputy director and in 2006 the director of astrophysics at the JPL. Under his leadership, various missions were launched, including the Spitzer and Kepler telescopes. In 2011, he became the co - director of the JPL with responsibility for developing the JPL's strategy. The result, known as JPL2025, is a huge success and leads to unprecedented prosperity for the JPL in terms of the number of missions funded by NASA to them. In 2016, he became the director of solar system exploration at the JPL, where he was responsible for all the missions to planets in the outer part of the solar system.

Van Zyl was named Global Young Engineer of the Year by the International Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineering in 1997, and in 1998 he was recognized as a Fellow, an honor bestowed on less than 1% of the organization's members. In 2010, he received the Distinguished Achievement Award from the same organization for his contributions in the field of radar research. He was honored in 2015 with an honorary doctorate in Engineering by the University of Stellenbosch for his work. He had been married to his wife, Calfie, since 1979, and lived in Altadena, California, until his death.

Van Zyl was admitted to Huntington Hospital in Pasadena, California, in a critical condition in August 2020 after suffering a heart attack. He retired shortly before, after 33 years of commitment to NASA. He died on 26 August 2020 at the age of 63 in hospital.

References

1957 births
2020 deaths
California Institute of Technology alumni
NASA people
People from Khomas Region
Stellenbosch University alumni
Namibian engineers
Wuhan Bioengineering Institute station. Wuhan Bioengineering Institute Station (), is a station on the Yangluo Line of the Wuhan Metro. It entered revenue service on December 26, 2017. It is located in Xinzhou District and it serves the Wuhan Institute of Virology.

Station layout

References

Wuhan Metro stations
Yangluo Line, Wuhan Metro
Railway stations in China opened in 2017
Dangerous Things. Dangerous Things is a Seattle-based cybernetic microchip biohacking implant retailer formed in 2013 by Amal Graafstra, following a crowdfunding campaign.

Dangerous Things built the first personal publicly available implantable NFC compliant transponder in 2013.  In September 2020, Dangerous Things began another highly successful crowdfunding campaign to realize the world's first titanium encased fully bio-compatible sensing magnet, named the Titan.

References 

Companies based in Seattle
Bionics
Biotechnology companies of the United States
American companies established in 2013
Gérard Le Lann. Gérard Le Lann is a French computer scientist at INRIA.

In networking, he worked on the project CYCLADES with an intermediate stint on the Arpanet team.

Life and career 
Gérard Le Lann's career has been summarized in 1975 as follows: 
Gérard Le Lann holds French degrees, a M.S. in Applied Mathematics, an Engineering Degree in Computer Science (both from the University of Toulouse) and a Ph.D in Computer Science (University of Rennes). He started his career at CERN, Geneva (Switzerland), and joined IRIA (now INRIA) in 1972. His main areas of research are distributed dependable computing and networking, real-time computing and networking, proof-based system engineering and, more recently, mobile wireless safety-critical cyber-physical systems and networks.

His contribution to the design of Internet TCP/IPs, in its early phases, has been acknowledged.

See also 

 History of the Internet
 Internet in France
 Hubert Zimmermann
 List of Internet pioneers
 Louis Pouzin
 Protocol Wars
 Rémi Després

References

External links 

 ARPANET is now 50 years old

French computer scientists

People associated with CERN
ARPANET
Internet pioneers
American Dream: The Business Management Simulation. American Dream: The Business Management Simulation (also known as Managing for Success) is a 1985 video game published by Blue Chip Software.

Overview
American Dream: The Business Management Simulation is a game in which the player is a Chief Executive Officer for a company that manufactures robots. Unlike previous Blue Chip games, American Dream was designed to train people for managerial roles in business and was targeted at the corporate audience, with a retail price of $124.95.

Reception
Steve Estvanik reviewed the game for Computer Gaming World, and stated that "it is an outstanding training tool, especially for data processors and line managers for whom the program can give insight into the broader aspects of businesses in which they work. If you can afford the ticket price you are in for an enjoyable and educational time when you "play" American Dream."

The game received a positive review in Family Computing as well, with Robin Raskin praising the game for being accessible to people without a business background. 80 Micro described the game as having educational merit, praising the user interface and the depth of the simulation. A review in PC Magazine said that much of the game's depth was "window dressing" and described the gameplay as being too repetitive for repeated playthroughs.

References

1985 video games
Blue Chip Software games
Business simulation games
DOS games
DOS-only games
Video games developed in the United States
Video games set in the United States
Orbiter (1986 video game). Orbiter is a 1986 video game published by Spectrum HoloByte.

Gameplay
Orbiter is a game in which the astronauts are launched into space, where they have the ability to deploy, retrieve, and repair satellites, and are also able to go on spacewalks in the Manned Maneuvering Unit in a space shuttle simulation.

Reception
Frank Boosman reviewed the game for Computer Gaming World, and stated that "Orbiter is not a grip-the-sides-of-your-seat, sweat-running-down-your-forehead game. But if you really want to know how the Space Shuttle works or relive some of your childhood fantasies, then Orbiter is just the ticket."

Reviews
Tilt - Mar, 1987
ASM (Aktueller Software Markt) - Apr, 1989
The Games Machine - May, 1989

References

External links
Review in PC Magazine
Review in Page 6
Review in Macworld
Article in MacUser
Article in PC Games
Review in Washington Apple Pi
Review in Atari Explorer
Review in Videogame & Computer World

1986 video games
Atari ST games
Classic Mac OS games
DOS games
Realistic space simulators
Space flight simulator games
Spectrum HoloByte games
Video games developed in the United States
Microsoft Flight Simulator (1986 video game). Microsoft Flight Simulator is a 1986 video game developed by Sublogic and published by Microsoft for the Macintosh.

Development
In 1984 Amiga Corporation asked Bruce Artwick to port Flight Simulator for its forthcoming computer, but Commodore's purchase of Amiga temporarily ended the relationship. Sublogic instead finished a Macintosh version, released by Microsoft, then resumed work on the Amiga and Atari ST versions.

The game included features such as a windowing system which allowed multiple 3D views simultaneously - this made exterior views possible for the aircraft itself.

Reception
Frank Boosman reviewed the game for Computer Gaming World, and stated, "As a game, FS is exciting. Flying beneath the Golden Gate Bridge was a big thrill, and really had me sweating. FS wins as a simulation as well; the flight characteristics of the Cessna and Lear Jet seem realistic, and the instrumentation is complete."

References

External links
Microsoft Flight Simulator at MobyGames
Review in Macworld

1986 video games
Classic Mac OS games
Classic Mac OS-only games
Microsoft Flight Simulator
Single-player video games
Sublogic games
Video games developed in the United States
Karin Aurivillius. Karin Aurivillius (1920–1982) was a Swedish chemist and crystallographer at the University of Lund, Sweden.  She determined the crystal structures of many mercury compounds.

During the 1960s, she helped develop crystallography in Sweden while working closely with her prominent husband and fellow chemist, Bengt Aurivillius (1918–1994), who was a professor of inorganic chemistry at Lund University.

To reveal the structural chemistry of inorganic mercury (II) oxide or sulphide compounds, she studied crystal structures using X-rays and neutron diffraction methods. Some of her research was conducted at the Institute of Atomic Energy Research at the Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE) located in Didcot, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom.

Honors 
The extremely rare mineral aurivilliusite was named in honor of Karin Aurivillius, for "her significant contributions to the crystal chemistry of mercury-bearing inorganic compounds." The mineral is dark grey-black with a dark red-brown streak and has been found at a small prospect pit near the abandoned Clear Creek mercury mine, New Idria district, San Benito County, California.

Selected works 

 Aurivillius, K. A. R. I. N. "The crystal structure of mercury (II) oxide studied by X-ray and neutron diffraction methods." Acta Chemica Scandinavica 10 (1956): 852–866.
 Aurivillius, Karin. The structural chemistry of inorganic mercury (II) compounds: some aspects of the determination of the positions of" light" atoms in the presence of" heavy" atoms in crystal structures. Diss. 1965.
 Aurivillius, K. A. R. I. N., and INCA-BRETT Carlsson. "The structure of hexagonal mercury (II) oxide." Acta Chemica Scandinavica 12 (1958): 1297.
 Aurivillius, Karin, and Bo Arne Nilsson. "The crystal structure of mercury (II) phosphate, Hg3 (PO4) 2." Z. Kristallogr 141.1-2 (1975): 1-10.
 Aurivillius, Karin, and Claes Stålhandske. "A reinvestigation of the crystal structures of HgSO4 and CdSO4." Zeitschrift für Kristallographie-Crystalline Materials 153.1-2 (1980): 121–129.
 Aurivillius, K. A. R. I. N., and L. E. N. A. Folkmarson. "The crystal structure of terlinguaite Hg4O2Cl2." Acta Chemica Scandinavica 22 (1968): 2529–2540.
 AURIVILLIUS, KARIN, and BIRGITTA MALMROS. "Studies on sulphates, selenates and chromates of mercury (II)." Acta Chem. Scand 15.9 (1961): 1932–1938.
 Aurivillius, K. A. R. I. N., and G-I. Bertinsson. "Structures of complexes between metal halides and phosphinothioethers or related ligands. X.[1, 9-Bis (diphenylphosphino)-3, 7-dithianonane] monoiodonickel tetraphenylborate." Acta Crystallographica Section B: Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry 36.4 (1980): 790–794.

References 

1920 births
1982 deaths
20th-century Swedish chemists
Swedish women chemists
20th-century Swedish women scientists
Crystallographers
Toyota Motor Manufacturing Russia. Toyota Motor Manufacturing Russia was one of Toyota's vehicle production bases in Europe. It was located in Shushary, Saint Petersburg, Russia, and it manufactured the Camry and the RAV4.

History

On 14 June 2005, the construction of the new plant began and it opened on 21 December 2007 with the production of the sixth generation Toyota Camry. On August 22nd 2016 the Toyota RAV4 started production as the second model to be produced at the Russia plant. On 1 March 2022, due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Toyota announced that their plant will close and all activity will be suspended. On 23 September 2022, Toyota officially closed the TMMR plant.

Production
Camry (2007–2022)
RAV4 (2016–2022)

References

External links
 

Toyota factories
Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of Russia
Manufacturing companies based in Saint Petersburg
Motor vehicle assembly plants in Russia
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 2005
Vehicle manufacturing companies disestablished in 2022
2005 establishments in Russia
2022 disestablishments in Russia
Russian subsidiaries of foreign companies
Louis Lombard-Gérin. Louis Lombard-Gérin (4 June 1848, Lyon - 4 November 1918, Lyon) was a French engineer involved in pioneering the trolley bus.

Born Louis Lombard, he married Emma Gérin on 24 August 1874. They had seven sons together. He originally worked as a construction engineer specialising in carpentry and iron constructions.

Electrobus

Lombard-Gérin designed the Electrobus which was put into production by the Compagnie de Traction par Trolley Automoteur. It was showcased at the Exposition Universelle in 1900. The electrobus incorporated what was known as the Lombard-Gérin system.

An electrically powered pantograph trolley drove synchronously on the overhead contact line in front of the trolley, relieving the ten-meter-long transmission cable - unlike the previously known trailing cables - from the mechanical pull. The contact car itself weighed 18 kilograms and was operated with three-phase current. It did not get its drive energy directly from contact with the contact line, but from electromagnetic induction from drive motors of the car. This required six or seven lines of connecting cable. The three-phase current required for the contact carriage was generated from the alternating current circuit of one of the series motors and was therefore dependent on the driving speed. In addition, the trolley had its own brake, which was operated via a contact on the drive switch, so that synchronous operation was also possible on inclines or slopes. In the Lombard-Gérin system, the distance between the two catenary wires was 30 centimeters; the overhead contact line was suspended from seven-meter-high masts. The two wires made of hard-drawn copper were each 8.25 millimeters in diameter.

References

1848 births
1918 deaths
French engineers
Trolleybus transport in France
Sustainable transport pioneers
Michael Radcliffe Ward. Michael Radcliffe Ward (c. 1859, Alderley - ) was an English electrical engineer and automotive pioneer. After making engineering innovation in electric lighting, he went on to develop electric buses.

By 1879, Radcliffe Ward was working for the British Electric Light Company. In 1881, he designed a Gramme machine which could power 4 to 6 arc lights of 4000 nominal candle power per light. In February of that year, he ran some experiments at George's Pier Head, Liverpool along with Alderman Joseph Hubback, chairman of the light company. They used one of the Gramme machines along with a multi-tubular boiler and vertical engine supplied by Cochrane and Co. The light produced was more effective in penetrating the fog than the pre-existing gas lights.

In 1882, Radcliffe Ward was named as the electrical engineer working for the Faure Electric Accumulator Company, working with consultants William Edward Ayrton and Camille Alphonse Faure.

References

1850s births
Date of death missing
English electrical engineers
British automotive pioneers
QENS Musherib. Musherib (Q61) is the lead ship of the  offshore patrol vessels built for the Qatari Emiri Navy.

Development 
Fincantieri showcased the Musherib-class offshore patrol vessels for the Qatari Emiri Navy during DIMDEX 2018. In August 2017, Qatar officially announced for the order of the two ships of the class after signing the contract in June 2016. 

They are able to operate high speed boats such as rigid-hulled inflatable boats with the help of lateral cranes and hauling ramps.

Construction and career 
Musherib was laid down in August 2017 in Fincantieri shipyard in Muggiano, Italy. She was launched on 18 September 2020, and expected to arrive in Qatar in 2022.

References

External links
 Military Factory

2020 ships
Ships of the Qatari Emiri Navy
Musherib-class offshore patrol vessels