omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
James Lore Murray. Major General James L. Murray (January 4, 1919 – May 9, 2004) was a United States Air Force officer and Engineering Project Manager for the XB-52 at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.

Biography
In 1939, Murray graduated from the North Carolina State College with a degree in aeronautical engineering. He took a position at NACA working with wind tunnels at Langley Field.

In 1940, he joined the U.S. Army Air Corps as a flying cadet, and subsequently received a commission as a 2nd Lieutenant in February 1941. During the war, he was a flight instructor for the B-17, B-24, and B-29 at Gunter Field.
Notable among his students were members of the Tuskegee Airmen 332nd Fighter Group (99th Pursuit Group) and the aviation author Ernest K. Gann, who referred to him as "a most skillful young Army pilot."

After the war, he worked as a NACA pilot at Moffett Field testing thermal deicing systems.

His career in the Air Force included being the Chief of Special Projects at Wright Field where the ejection seat used in jet aircraft was introduced, and a project manager during the nascent XB-52 program.

In 1954, Murray resigned his active commission as Colonel, but remained in the reserve until 1975 when he retired as a Major General. He was awarded the Air Force Distinguished Service Medal at Bolling AFB.

From 1971-1975, he was chairman of the Air Force Reserve Forces Policy Committee under the Secretary of the Air Force.

For 30 years, he held several executive positions in the aerospace industry at Garrett Corporation, Republic Aviation, Aero Commander, Vice President of the C-5 division at Douglas Aircraft Company. In 1969 he became President of Teledyne/CAE and served in local roles including the Toledo-Lucas County Port Authority and as chairman of the Toledo Area Chamber of Commerce.

Murray was a member of Conquistadores del Cielo, The Burning Tree Club and a trustee of the USAF Falcon Foundation.

Death

Following prolonged illness which included lung cancer, Murray died on May 9, 2004, at the age of 85 of congestive heart failure at his home in Point Clear, Alabama. 
He was survived by his wife Phyllis Jennings Murray; daughters Lucy Howell, Marilyn Van Dyke, Margaret Harcourt, and sons James L. Murray, Jr., Mark Murray, Kenneth Murray, Bret Murray, and nine grandchildren and one great-grandchild. Murray was interred in Arlington National Cemetery.

References

External links
 Congressional Record Tribute by Senator Jeff Sessions
 Development of the B-52 The Wright Field Story Lori S. Tagg
 Life without a compass: with revealing comments about the decline of the Douglas Aircraft Company / James L. Murray
 NACA Technical Note 1424 Appreciation Major Murray

United States Air Force generals
Recipients of the Air Force Distinguished Service Medal
1919 births
2004 deaths
American test pilots
Burials at Arlington National Cemetery
People from Newton, North Carolina
Military personnel from North Carolina
ALETAR. ALETAR is a submarine telecommunications cable system in the Mediterranean Sea linking Egypt and Syria.

It has landing points in:
 Alexandria, Egypt.
 Tartous, Syria.

It has a design transmission capacity of 5 Gbit/s and a total cable length of .  It started operation on 7 April 1997.

References

Submarine communications cables in the Mediterranean Sea
Egypt–Syria relations
1997 establishments in Egypt
1997 establishments in Syria
Quest: The History of Spaceflight. Quest: The History of Spaceflight Quarterly is a quarterly science magazine that was established in 1992. It covers the history of spaceflight. The editor-in-chief is Chris Gainor.

Awards
Quest was an inaugural recipient of the 2015  Ordway Award for Continued Excellence in Space History issued by the AAS. The publication has also run several papers that later won or been nominated for prestigious awards.

Content
Each issue contains feature articles that run 6 to 12 pages on average, an oral history/interview with an important figure in the industry, and a number of book reviews that discuss the book and the underlying subject matter. Articles fall into one of eight categories: human spaceflight, robotic and scientific missions, policy, technology, international programs, military space, commercial space, and cultural aspects of space.

Publication history
The journal was established by Glen Swanson in 1992 who published and edited volumes 1 through 5. Stephen Johnson (University of North Dakota) edited volumes 6 through 12. David Christopher Arnold was editor for volumes 13 through 22. Chris Gainor became editor with volume 23 in 2016. Scott Sacknoff volunteers as publisher.

External links 
 

Aviation magazines published in the United States
History magazines published in the United States
History of technology journals
Magazines established in 1992
Magazines published in Maryland
Quarterly magazines published in the United States
Science and technology magazines published in the United States
Aaron Bobick. Aaron F Bobick is dean of the McKelvey School of Engineering at Washington University in St. Louis.
Bobick’s research is in the field of artificial intelligence and computer vision.  He has chaired and published papers in top-tier academic conferences in these areas.  His research and expert opinions on technology have also been reported in major news sources.

Biography

Education
Bobick has received his undergraduate degrees in 1981 in Mathematics and Computer Science from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.  Following this, Bobick received his Ph.D. (1987), in Cognitive Science, also from MIT.

Research career
Upon receiving his Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Bobick worked at the MIT Media Lab as an assistant and associate professor until he left to accept a position as an associate professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in the College of Computing.  After arriving at Georgia Tech, Bobick served as the director of the GVU Center, a center focussed initially on graphics, visualization and usability in computer science, and in 2007 became the first chair of the new School of Interactive Computing.

Among Bobick’s accomplishments is KidsRoom, an immersive entertainment and learning environment that was a featured exhibit in the Millennium Dome.  His expertise in using computer vision techniques to recognize people has received international attention in the popular press, including the BBC News and ABC News.

Research interests

Bobick's research lies generally in the fields of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and computer vision.  However, his research has also included research in the area of ubiquitous computing with a particular focus on smart home environments and living laboratories.

See also

References

External links
 Bobick's Academic Home Page
 Computational Perception Lab

Living people
Georgia Tech faculty
American computer scientists
Year of birth missing (living people)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Washington University in St. Louis faculty
Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty
Performic acid. Performic acid (PFA) is an organic compound with the formula CH2O3. It is an unstable colorless liquid which can be produced by mixing formic acid with hydrogen peroxide. Owing to its oxidizing and disinfecting action, it is used in the chemical, medical and food industries.

Properties and applications
Performic acid is a colorless liquid soluble in water, alcohols, ether, benzene, chloroform and other organic solvents. Its strong oxidizing properties are used for cleaving disulfide bonds in protein mapping, as well as for epoxidation, hydroxylation and oxidation reactions in organic synthesis. In the medical and food industries, performic acid is commonly used to disinfect equipment. It is effective against viruses, bacterial spores, algae, microscopic fungi and mycobacteria, as well as other microorganisms such as zooplankton. 

The popularity of performic acid as a sterilizer originates from the safe nature of its degradation products, mostly carbon dioxide, oxygen and water. The disinfecting action of performic acid is also faster than that of the related compounds peracetic acid and hydrogen peroxide. The major drawbacks of performic acid are handling dangers related to its high reactivity, as well as instability, especially upon heating, which means that the acid must be used within about 12 hours of it being synthesised.

Synthesis
Performic acid is synthesized by the reaction of formic acid and hydrogen peroxide by the following equilibrium reaction:

Synthesis of pure performic acid has not been reported, but aqueous solutions up to about 48% can be formed by simply mixing equimolar amounts of concentrated aqueous reactant solutions. Using an excess of either reactant shifts the equilibrium towards the product side. The aqueous product solution can be distilled to increase the concentration of performic acid to about 90%.

This reaction is reversible and can be used for large scale industrial production if accelerated with a catalyst; however, its temperature must be kept below 80–85 °C to avoid  an explosion. The catalyst can be nitric, hydrofluoric, phosphoric or sulfuric acid or their salts; it can also be an organic compound containing at least one ester group, such as carboxylic acid ester or peracetic acid.

Safety
Performic acid is non-toxic; it does irritate the skin, but less so than peracetic acid. Concentrated acid (above 50%) is highly reactive; it readily decomposes upon heating, and explodes upon rapid heating to 80–85 °C. It may ignite or explode at room temperature when combined with flammable substances, such as formaldehyde, benzaldehyde, or aniline, and explodes violently upon addition of metal powders. For this reason, spilled performic acid is diluted with cold water and collected with neutral, non-flammable inorganic absorbents, such as vermiculite.

References

Organic peroxy acids
Reset (military). Reset is an evolving military term currently used to describe the equipment refurbishment process. In current U.S. military terms, "reset" refers to "a series of actions to restore units to a desired level of combat capability commensurate with future mission requirements."

Context specific terminology
The military term is somewhat like the financial term "reset", which is a generic concept in the financial world.  Reset, which also known as fixing, is a generic concept in the financial markets which refers to the determination and recording of a reference rate, usually in order to calculate the settlement value of a periodic payment schedule between two parties.

The military term is somewhat like the computing term "reset", which means to clear any pending errors or events and bring a system to normal condition or initial state.

The military term "reset" is unlike its finance and computing counterparts in that the military usage anticipates three related components: repairing, replacing and recapitalizing.  Military reset, in simplest terms, is intended to reverse the effects of stress on all equipment.  Initial funding from Congress was used to reset brigade combat teams involving about 4,000 soldiers and about 40,000 pieces of equipment returning from duty in Afghanistan and Iraq.

Repair
Repair starts with an inspection followed by maintenance and possible replacement of some parts to bring equipment to original technical specifications.

Replacement
Replacement means to buy new or to replace equipment destroyed in battle or otherwise too damaged to fix. Also listed under replacement is reserve-component equipment which has been left overseas for other units to use.

Recapitalizing
Recapitalizing involves overhauling or restoring equipment to improve performance or make it like new from the factory. 

Timely funding would be designed to allow military depots to order repair parts in advance of equipment arrival.”

Strategic reset
 Strategic reset is a policy framework designed to strengthen the United States' stance throughout the Middle East. The plan for strategic reset entails four key measures:
 Acknowledging Iraq's political and demographic fragmentation.
 Implementing prompt phased military redeployment.
 Establishing local and regional methods for improving security and diplomacy in the Middle East.
 Developing a functional strategy to resolve the Arab–Israeli conflict.

In 2007, The Washington Post described as "strategic reset" a proposal by U.S. Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice that took the form of "an unusually detailed public explanation of the new American effort to create a de facto alliance between Israel and moderate Arab states against Iranian extremism."

See also
 Logistics
 Military logistics
 Military supply chain management

Notes

References

 Dinklage, Lindy.   "Army Launches Reset Pilot," Army News Service. February 22, 2008.
 Lenaers, William M. and Brent D. Coryell.   "Reset: Extending the Life of Army Equipment," Army Logistician. Vol. 38, No. 1. January-February 2006.

Neologisms
Military terminology
Logistics
List of elements by atomic properties. This is a list of chemical elements and their atomic properties, ordered by atomic number (Z).

Since valence electrons are not clearly defined for the d-block and f-block elements, there not being a clear point at which further ionisation becomes unprofitable, a purely formal definition as number of electrons in the outermost shell has been used.

Table

[*] a few atomic radii are calculated, not experimental
[—] a long dash marks properties for which there is no data available
[ ] a blank marks properties for which no data has been found

References 

 Atomic Number
European Distributed Energy Partnership. European Distributed Energy Partnership (EU-DEEP) is a large research project supported by the European Union (EU) and coordinated by GDF Suez. Started in 2004, the project gathers 41 organizations around the common objective of removing the main barriers to massive deployment of distributed energy resources (DER).

Background
DER are small grid connecting devices that enable decentralized energy to be stored or generated close to the load they serve with the capacity of 10 megawatts (MW) or less. Centralized power plants use energy to transmit power over long distance, so decentralizing the system uses less energy and encompasses a wide variety of different advancing renewable technologies such as Wind power, Solar power, Geothermal power, Biomass, and Biogas into the system.

“European cities are the most advanced in terms of the transition to new energies”, Denis Simonneau, Head of International and European Relations at GDF SUEZ.

The EU-DEEP project, developed by eight different European energy companies, was designed so that  most of the technical and non-technical issues which halt a massive deployment of distributed energy resources (DER) in Europe could be eliminated.

Studies related to the project
To address the wide range of challenges associated with operating the electricity system of the future, the leading Transmission system operator (TSOs) and Distribution System Operators (DSOs), manufacturers and research establishments in the EU have formed a consortium of 18 partners to undertake a 4-year project code named FENIX whose overall aim is:
"To conceptualize, design and demonstrate a technical architecture and commercial framework that would enable DER based systems to become the solution
for the future cost efficient, secure and sustainable EU electricity supply system."

"The main concern is to provide answers to tackle the different types of barrier to DER deployment." There is three main types of barriers to the DER deployment which are technology barriers, market barriers, and regulatory barriers. Feem was one of the EU-DEEP partner that was responsible for developing Regulatory Models for the integration of DER. Focusing on FEEM's research, they had work on Demand Response. The main point of the work was to show "how to correlate price patterns to different generation technologies and validation of the three Business Models."

EU-DEEP Partners
The EU-DEEP is made up of forty-two partners from sixteen countries. The partners are different from one another as they include energy operators, industrial manufacturers, research centers, academics, professionals and national agencies. Each partner also has different capabilities from the development of electric equipments to the analysis of the energy markets mechanisms.

References

External links
 

Energy in the European Union
Distributed generation
Döllnitzbahn. The Döllnitzbahn GmbH is a private railway company in Saxony in eastern Germany. It is the operator of the Oschatz–Mügeln–Kemmlitz/Glossen narrow gauge line in central Saxony.

History
In November 1993 the newly founded Döllnitzbahn GmbH took over the remaining lines of the Mügeln railway network between Oschatz, Mügeln and Kemmlitz. The primary aim of the company was initially the preservation of the remaining goods traffic from the kaolin mine at Kemmlitz. For that purpose used narrow gauge goods wagons were bought from the Mansfeld mining railway  and a new transshipment site to the standard gauge railway network was built in Oschatz. With the help of used PKP diesel locomotives, they succeeded initially in keeping the goods traffic going. In spite of this, the demand gradually fell so that goods services had to be closed in 2001. The Döllnitzbahn was the last narrow gauge railway in Saxony to run public freight services.

Today only school trains and steam-hauled 'specials' run on the Döllnitzbahn railway, e.g. for touristic purposes. There is a local private association responsible for the organisation of respective events.

Fleet List

Steam Locomotives

Diesel Locomotives & Railcars

External links 
 http://www.doellnitzbahn.de
 http://www.wilder-robert.de

Heritage railways in Germany
Railway lines in Saxony
Transport in Saxony
750 mm gauge railways in Germany
Loening C-2. The Loening C-2 Air Yacht was an amphibious airliner produced in the United States at the end of the 1920s, developed from the OL observation aircraft the firm was producing for the US military.

Design and development
The C-2 was a two-bay biplane of unconventional design, with a tall, narrow fuselage that nearly filled the interplane gap. The pilot (and sometimes one passenger) sat in an open cockpit at the top of the fuselage, with the engine mounted in front of them. Underneath the fuselage was a long "shoehorn"-style float, that extended forward underneath the engine and propeller. Four to six passengers could be accommodated in a fully enclosed cabin within the fuselage. The main units of the undercarriage retracted into wells in the sides of the fuselage. Stabilising floats were fitted against the undersides of the lower wing.

The C-2 was produced in two versions, the C-2C with a Wright Cyclone engine and the C-2H with a Pratt & Whitney Hornet. Two examples of this latter version were evaluated by the USMC as air ambulances under the designation XHL-1.

Operational history
One C-2C, modified from an OL, was flown from New York City to Bergen by Thor Solberg in 1935, the first flight from the United States to Norway. Solberg christened the aircraft Leiv Eiriksson and used it to roughly re-trace its namesake's journey across the Atlantic (albeit from West-to-East, and by air) via Greenland, Iceland, and the Faroe Islands. This aircraft is now preserved in the Norsk Teknisk Museum in Oslo.

Two C-2Hs were also used by the firm Air Ferries in the 1930s before the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge was completed to transport passengers between Oakland and San Francisco, cutting a normal forty-minute ferry boat ride to just six minutes.

The first commercial flights in Aruba were made in 1934 using a C-2H which had been purchased from Standard Oil in Venezuela.

Variants
 C-2C - Wright Cyclone-powered version (23 built)
 C-2H - (USN designation XHL) Pratt & Whitney Hornet-powered version (13 built, plus one converted from C-2C.

Operators

Civilian operators
Kohler Aviation Corporation 
Air Ferries Ltd

Military operators

United States Marine Corps

Specifications (C-2H)

References

External links

 
 
  (This article actually describes the C-2's immediate predecessor, the Wasp-engined Loening C-1.)

C-2
1920s United States airliners
Floatplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1928
Cambria (company). Cambria (keɪm-bri-ə) is a producer of engineered quartz surfaces in the United States.  It is located in Le Sueur, Minnesota, with additional facilities throughout the United States, and in Ontario, Canada.  Cambria is privately held and owned by the Davis family.

Kitchen countertops
Cambria produces quartz surfaces, primarily for use as kitchen countertops. It is used in a similar manner as granite, except that it is not porous, and thus requires no periodic sealing. The look of any quartz countertop compares to granite in that the colors are deep and consistent.

The process of creating the countertops is different than granite, in that it is an engineered product, consisting of a minimum of 93% quartz and 7% epoxy binder and dyes. An engineered product that requires no sealer has the advantage in that it requires no harsh chemicals to seal, nor does it emit harmful chemicals into the air, making it potentially more environmentally friendly. Engineered quartz  however may be damaged by heat unlike granite.

Sun Country Airlines
In July 2011, Cambria purchased Sun Country Airlines out of bankruptcy for $34 million after the collapse of the Ponzi scheme of Tom Petters and Petters Group Worldwide, the former owner of the airline.

Cambria sold Sun Country in 2018.

Cambria Silo
A silo, located on US 169 between St. Peter and Le Sueur, is rented by Cambria to store quartz granules and slabs.  The silo was repainted with the Cambria logo.  Cambria was ordered to remove the sign by MnDOT because it violated state law against advertisements along public highway corridors and county ordinance in historic preservation districts.  Cambria was allowed to keep the silo repainted because it claimed to use the silo as a site to sell its products thereby bypassing the law through a rational nexus exemption.  Prior to the Cambria logo, the silo was painted to appear like a can of 7 UP and later as an advertisement for 7 Up.

Legend of Cambria movie 
In 2018, Cambria released the movie Legend of Cambria. Narrated by Colin Farrell and directed by Alexei Tylevich. The film depicts the fantastical origin story of the Cambria brand, pulling heavily from Celtic mythology. The short film was 40 minutes long.

References

External links
 

Companies based in Eden Prairie, Minnesota