omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Phillip E. Allen. Phillip E. Allen is an American Electrical Engineer.

Biography
Phil Allen obtained his Ph.D. through the University of Kansas in 1970. After graduation, he worked in numerous well-known companies such as Delco, Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Lockheed, Pacific Missile Range, Texas Instruments, and Schlumberger Well Services. He used to teach engineering in such universities as the  University of Nevada in Reno, the University of California in Santa Barbara, Texas A&M University and his alma mater. In 1980, professor Allen coauthored a book called Introduction to the Theory and Design of Active Filters. Four years later coauthored another one called Switched Capacitor Circuits. Three years later, he became a coauthor of CMOS Analog Circuit Design and another three years later VLSI-Design Techniques for Analog and Digital Circuits of which he was a coauthor as well. Currently he works as an editor for Integration-The VLSI Journal, and Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing and is a fellow at the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

References

21st-century American engineers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Indian locomotive class WAP-6. The Indian locomotive class WAP-6 was a class of 25 kV AC electric locomotives that was developed in the mid-1990s by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works for Indian Railways. The model name stands for broad gauge (W), AC Current (A), Passenger traffic (P) locomotive, 6th generation (6). They entered service in April 1996. A total of 17 WAP-6 units were built at CLW between 1995 and 1998.

The WAP-6 were intended to be a higher-speed variant of the WAP-4, but were restricted to a top speed of 105 km/h after failing trials. All were based at Asansol (ASN) shed, but after conversion to WAP-4 specifications, they were reallocated to Howrah (HWH) shed.

History 
This class was a regeared variant of the WAP-4 mounted on Fabricated Flexicoil Mark IV bogies, instead of the standard Co-Co Flexicoil Mark 1 cast bogies seen on other WAP-4 locomotives. All other specifications were same as WAP-4. WAP-1 no.22212 was the first to be rebuilt into a WAP-6, being fitted with Flexicoil bogies and other upgrades; it was later rebuilt into a WAP-4. Subsequently, 16 more WAP-1 units were re-geared and mounted on Flexicoil Mark IV high-adhesion bogies, which are similar to high-adhesion bogies made by ALCO. Renumbered to 22400–22416, they were intended for  operations, but in trials, they were unable to reach that speed and were therefore restricted to . Two units, 22406 and 22408, were upgraded with better wheel-sets. This class was unsuccessful, with most locomotives of this series being converted back as WAP-4.

Technical specifications

Hauling capacity 
If the average weight of ICF coaches is 55 tonnes then:

See also
 Indian Railways 
Locomotives of India
Rail transport in India

References

Electric locomotives of India
25 kV AC locomotives
Co-Co locomotives
5 ft 6 in gauge locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1997
David M. Levinson. David Matthew Levinson (born 1967) is an American civil engineer and transportation analyst, a professor at the University of Sydney since 2017. He formerly held the RP Braun/CTS Chair in Transportation at the University of Minnesota, from 2006 to 2016. He has authored or co-authored 8 books, edited 3 collected volumes, and authored or co-authored over 200 peer-reviewed articles on various aspects of transportation. His most widely cited works  are on transportation accessibility and on the travel time budget. He has developed models of the co-evolution of transport and land use systems, demonstrating mutual causality empirically. He is a founder of the World Society for Transport and Land Use Research. In 1995 he was awarded the Charles Tiebout Prize in Regional Science by the Western Regional Science Association, and in 2004, the CUTC-ARTBA New Faculty Award.  His travel behaviour research was featured in the book Traffic by Tom Vanderbilt.
 
Levinson is the director of the Metropolitan Travel Survey Archive and founding editor of the Journal of Transport and Land Use. He is the founding editor of Findings. He was also the chair of streets.mn, a community blog dedicated to transport and land use issues in Minnesota, and WalkSydney, a pedestrian advocacy organisation in Australia.

Books 
 Financing Transportation Networks , Edward Elgar Publishers,  , 2002
 The Transportation Experience: Policy, Planning, and Deployment (with William Garrison), Oxford University Press,  , 2005
 Planning for Place and Plexus (with Kevin Krizek), Routledge, , 2008
 Evolving Transportation Networks (with Feng Xie), Springer , 2011
 The End of Traffic and the Future of Access: A Roadmap to the New Transport Economy (3rd edition) (with Kevin Krizek), Network Design Lab, , 2017
 Spontaneous Access: Reflexions on Designing Cities and Transport, Network Design Lab, , 2017
 Elements of Access: Transport Planning for Engineers Transport Engineering for Planners (with Wes Marshall, Kay Axhausen), Network Design Lab, , 2017
 Political Economy of Access: Infrastructure, Networks, Cities, and Institutions  (with David King), Network Design Lab, , 2019
 The 30-Minute City: Designing for Access , Network Design Lab, , 2019

Important papers 
 Levinson, David and Ajay Kumar (1994) The Rational Locator: Why Travel Times Have Remained Stable. Journal of the American Planning Association, Summer 1994 60:3 319–332.
 Levinson, David (1998) Accessibility and the Journey to Work. Journal of Transport Geography 6:1 11–21.
 Yerra, Bhanu and David Levinson (2005) The Emergence of Hierarchy in Transportation Networks. Annals of Regional Science 39(3) pp. 541–553. 
 Levinson, David (2005) Micro-foundations of Congestion and Pricing: A Game Theory Perspective. Transportation Research part A Volume 39, Issues 7–9, August–November 2005, Pages 691–704.

References

External links 
 David Levinson's research group website
 David Levinson's blog

American urban planners
American civil engineers
Regional scientists
Academic staff of the University of Sydney
American bloggers
1967 births
Living people
European Institute for Statistics, Probability, Stochastic Operations Research and its Applications. The European Institute for Statistics, Probability, Stochastic Operations Research and its Applications (EURANDOM) is a research institute at the Eindhoven University of Technology, dedicated to fostering research in the stochastic sciences and their applications.

The institute was founded in 1997 at the Eindhoven University of Technology to focus on project oriented research of "stochastic problems connected to industrial and societal applications." The institute actively attracts young talent for its research and doctoral programs, facilitates research and actively seeks European cooperation.

People associated with the institute 
 Michel Mandjes
 Onno J. Boxma, scientific director from 2005 to 2010.
 Jaap Wessels

References

External links 
 EURANDOM at tue.nl

Eindhoven University of Technology
International scientific organizations based in Europe
Mathematical institutes
Research institutes in the Netherlands
Disulfur dibromide. Disulfur dibromide is the inorganic compound with the formula . It is a yellow-brown liquid that fumes in air. It is prepared by direct combination of the elements and purified by vacuum distillation. Higher yields can be obtained from disulfur dichloride and 50% aqueous hydrobromic acid, but the product must be promptly removed from water, lest it hydrolyze.  The compound has no particular application, unlike the related sulfur compound disulfur dichloride, although acidic alcoholysis is "an excellent synthesis of alkyl bromides."

The molecular structure is , akin to that of disulfur dichloride (). According to electron diffraction measurements, the angle between the  and  planes is 84° and the  angle is 107°. The  distance is 198.0 pm, circa 5.0 pm shorter than for .

References

Bromides
Disulfides
Sulfur halides
OpenMDAO. OpenMDAO is an open-source high-performance computing platform for systems analysis and multidisciplinary optimization written in the Python programming language. 

The OpenMDAO project is primarily focused on supporting gradient based optimization with analytic derivatives to allow you to explore large design spaces with hundreds or thousands of design variables, but the framework also has a number of parallel computing features that can work with gradient-free optimization, mixed-integer nonlinear programming, and traditional design space exploration.

The OpenMDAO framework is designed to aid in linking together separate pieces of software for the purpose of combined analyses. It allows users to combine analysis tools (or design codes) from multiple disciplines, at multiple levels of fidelity, and to manage the interaction between them. OpenMDAO is specifically designed to manage the dataflow (the actual data) and the workflow (what code is run when) in conjunction with optimization algorithms and other advanced solution techniques.

The development of OpenMDAO is led out of the NASA Glenn Research Center.

Features
 Library of built-in solvers and optimizers
 Tools for metamodeling
 Data recording capabilities
 Support for analytic derivatives
 Support for high-performance computer clusters and distributed computing
 Extensible plugin library

Applications
NASA’s motivation in supporting the OpenMDAO project stems from the demands of unconventional aircraft concepts like Turbo-Electric distributed propulsion. Although NASA’s focus is on analyzing aerospace applications, the framework itself is general and is not specific to any discipline.

Framework structure

OpenMDAO is designed to separate the flow of information (dataflow) from the process in which analyses are executed (workflow). It does that by using four specific constructs: Component, Assembly, Driver, and Workflow.

The construction of system models begins with wrapping (or writing from scratch) various analysis codes as Components. A group of components is linked together inside an Assembly, specifying the dataflow between them.  Once the dataflow is in place, one can select specific Drivers (optimizers, solvers, design of experiments, etc.) and set up a Workflow to determine exactly how the problem should be solved.

OpenMDAO also includes a web-browser-based graphical user interface (GUI) for visual construction, execution, and optimization of models.

See also

 ModelCenter
 Simulink
 Multidisciplinary design optimization

External links

Notes

Mathematical optimization software
Free software programmed in Python
Cross-platform software
Software using the Apache license
USCG 65' Small harbor tug. The USCG 65' small harbor tug is a class of fifteen tugs used by the United States Coast Guard for search and rescue, law enforcement, aids-to-navigation work and light icebreaking. The tugs are capable of breaking  of ice with propulsion ahead and  of ice backing and ramming. They were designed with steel hulls to replace the  wooden-hulled tugs that had been in service since the 1940s and were built by Gibbs Gas Engine Company, Jacksonville, Florida; Barbour Boat Works of New Bern, North Carolina; and Western Boat Builders Corporation, Tacoma, Washington from 1961 to 1967. They were originally powered by a single 400 horsepower diesel engine, however several have been re-powered with 500 horsepower main drive engines since they were constructed.

Ships

Notes
Footnotes

Citations

References cited

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
     
 

Ships of the United States Coast Guard
Auxiliary tugboat classes
Bonomi BS.14 Astore. The Bonomi BS.14 Astore () was a two-seat training and aerobatic glider, designed and built in Italy in 1935. Only one was constructed.

Design and development
The Camillo Silva designed Astore first flew in 1935.  It was a tandem two seat sailplane intended for training, with the student in the rear, underwing position.  This seat could also hold a passenger for pleasure flights at flying events.  In addition the Astore was stressed for aerobatics.  It was a high braced wing monoplane, with a wing built around two spars and constructed in two parts.  Each part had a constant chord central section, and was straight tapered outboard, ending with rounded tips.  Ailerons occupied all the trailing edge of the tapered section.  The two parts met at and were supported by a low fuselage pedestal; they were braced on each side by a distorted, faired, steel V-strut, with its base mounted on the lower fuselage directly below the forward spar and its two upper ends attached to each of the spars at the outer end of the centre section.

The Astore had a hexagonal cross section, plywood skinned fuselage. The pilot's open, unscreened cockpit was in front of the wing leading edge. The student or passenger sat at the centre of gravity under the wing in a cockpit that formed part of the central pedestal, with side and roof windows. A wooden landing skid with rubber springing, assisted by a small tail bumper served as its undercarriage.  The empennage was similar to that of the BS.5 Ballerina, its surfaces straight tapered and square tipped.  The balanced rudder was much larger in area than the fin and the horizontal tail was similarly proportioned with only enough tailplane to support the balanced elevators.  it was braced just above the fuselage, with large cut outs to allow movement of the lower rudder.

Only one Astore was built.

Specifications

References

1930s Italian sailplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1935
Pancoast Pelican. The Pancoast Pelican is an American twin-engine homebuilt aircraft.

Design and development
The Pelican is a two place side-by-side configuration, high-wing, twin-engine, tricycle gear aircraft. The open cockpit aircraft is of all-wood construction with a plywood fuselage. The tail section is removable for ground transportation on a trailer.

Specifications (Pelican)

References

Homebuilt aircraft
Advisory Group on Greenhouse Gases. The Advisory Group on Greenhouse Gases, created in 1986, was an advisory body for the review of studies into the greenhouse effect.  The group was created by the International Council of Scientific Unions, the United Nations Environment Programme, and the World Meteorological Organization to follow up on the recommendations of the International conference of the Assessment of the role of carbon dioxide and of other greenhouse gases in climate variations and associated impacts, held at Villach, Austria, in October 1985.

The seven-member panel included Swedish meteorologist Bert Bolin and Canadian climatologist Kenneth Hare.

The group held its last meeting in 1990.  It was gradually replaced by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

References

Greenhouse gases
Organizations established in 1986
Nong Pling Bridge. Nong Pling Bridge is a one-span railway bridge in Thailand. It is in Nakhon Sawan Province on the Northern Line Railway, near Nakhon Sawan Railway Station. There is only one span, with a length of about 40 metres.

Features
It is a one-span truss bridge.

References

External links
 Photos of the bridge (2008) 

 

Railway bridges in Thailand
Bridges completed in 1976
Truss bridges
Oakdale Workmen's Institute. Oakdale Workmen's Institute is a public building originally erected at Oakdale, Caerphilly, Wales, in 1917 and now located at St Fagans National Museum of History, Cardiff.

The foundation stone of the Institute was laid on 3 July 1916, and it was officially opened on 10 September of the following year.  Alfred S. Tallis, Managing Director of the Tredegar Iron and Coal Company, which owned Oakdale Colliery, represented them at the opening ceremony; the company had lent money to the local miners' organisations to enable them to build the "'Stute" as it became popularly known.

The initiative to found the Institute came from several local groups who met in the temporary workers' barracks that had been erected by the colliery owners. The new building soon became a focal point of the community, and included a library, billiards room and meeting hall.  Original minute books relating to the operation of the Institute during the 1940s are held by the Gwent Archives. An extension was built in 1927 and films began to be shown there, but the cinema ceased to function in the 1970s, and the Institute itself closed in 1987.

The Institute was taken down in 1987, two years before the closure of Oakdale Colliery, and was relocated to St Fagans, where it was officially opened to the public in 1995 by Neil Kinnock.

References

External links
 

Buildings and structures completed in 1917
St Fagans National Museum of History
Rebuilt buildings and structures in Wales
Relocated buildings and structures in Wales
Franklyn Pea Bee. The Franklyn Pea Bee is an American single place homebuilt aircraft, that was designed in the 1970s.

Design and development
The Pea Bee is a single place, strut-braced, low wing aircraft with conventional landing gear. The fuselage is all aluminum, the wings are of wooden construction with aluminum skins. The wings are configured with a slight anhedral.

Specifications (Pea Bee)

See also

References

Homebuilt aircraft
Mace-Trefethen R-2. The Mace-Trefethen R-2 Shark is an American single place racing aircraft designed in the 1970s.

Design and development
The R-2 is a single seat, low-wing aircraft with conventional landing gear. The wooden construction aircraft features an elliptical wing.

Operational history
At the 1970 Reno Air Races Mace achieved a speed of

Specifications (R-2 Shark)

References

Racing aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1970
Mace-Trefethen Seamaster. The Mace-Trefethen Seamaster is an American single seat seaplane racer.

Design and development
The Seamaster was developed by Parks College Alumni as the Parks Alumni Racer. It is a single place, mid-wing seaplane with a Y tail layout and a single  fuselage-mounted float. The pusher propeller configuration was modified to a conventional tractor layout.

Specifications (Seamaster)

References

Racing aircraft
Mid-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1950
Digital Computer Association. The Digital Computer Association (DCA) was established in November 1952 in Santa Monica, California. It was disbanded in 1994.

The organization held monthly 2–3 hour technical dinner meetings at local restaurants attended by early computer engineers and computer programmers. The founder was R. Blair Smith, a local IBM salesman. He had two reasons for starting the organization: to recruit the help of all 18 IBM 701 customers in combating copyright infringement, causing salaries to increase; and to provide a forum for exchanging software programs to eliminate duplication of effort.

The DCA was loosely organized, met monthly, held an annual party and put out a newsletter.  The group was run by a volunteer committee who selected the president (called the Fish).  According to the rules of the organization, the newly elected president had to serve or move out of town.

At the monthly meeting, resumes and ideas were exchanged before the meal, and after the dinner an invited speaker addressed the group.  Computer programming was still a relatively new field and people came to the meetings to keep abreast of new developments, techniques and products, as well as to check out local job opportunities and to socialize.

By 1966, the DCA was becoming less important and was terminated, as national organizations, such as the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) replaced it as the place to go for professional contacts and information. Shortly thereafter some old DCA members, missing the casual nature and camaraderie of the meetings, decided to resurrect DCA as a larger yearly event.  This reincarnation was held in a hotel ballroom and dispensed with serious discussions.

The annual meetings started with a cocktail hour followed by a dinner with wine.  When the dessert dishes were cleared and the wait staff had left the room, short skits were presented, starting with the "Welcome to the Virgins", which brought first-time attendees up to the podium to be adorned with the customary paper toilet seat cover.  This was all punctuated by corks tossed toward the podium and from table to table. People saved their wine corks all year to cut into non-lethal sizes and throw at each other.  It was quite unprofessional.

In 1972, a contest was held to create a DCA logo.  The winner submitted a graphic of a magnetic tape reel with a martini glass in the center.  Overlaid were the concentric letters D, C, A, and around the top circumference of the reel was the phrase "Since 1952" and around the bottom "FASTER THAN A SPEEDING CORK".

The DCA continued in this fashion through 1993.  In 1994, it was disbanded. This was influenced by the occurrence of the 1994 Northridge earthquake and the subsequent confusion and movement of several people away from the Los Angeles area.

References

Sources

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Organizations based in Santa Monica, California
Scientific organizations established in 1952
1952 establishments in California
Organizations disestablished in 1994
1994 disestablishments in California
MIT Chrysalis. The Chrysalis was a human-powered biplane, designed and built by graduates and undergraduates of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, with Professor Eugene Larabee acting as Project Adviser.  MIT had previously built two HPAs, the BURD and BURD II, both of which were unsuccessful.

Design work began in late 1978, with a 1/8th scale flying model being built to verify aspects of the design. 
The Chrysalis was a biplane of conventional configuration, fitted with a tractor propeller. The biplane's wire-braced wings were unstaggered, and the outboard panels of the lower wing were set with a 6° dihedral. The fuselage was of the pod-and-boom type.  The aircraft had a primary structure of aluminum tubing, and a secondary structure made of styrofoam, balsa, and carbon fibre. The entire aircraft was covered in transparent Mylar film. The undercarriage had a single, castoring, monowheel. Lateral control was achieved by wing warping, with directional and pitch control being achieved by the all-flying tailfin and tailplane.

Construction of the aircraft took 91 days, and involved 20 people and 3,500 hours of work. It first flew on June 5, 1979, at Hanscom Field airport in Bedford, Massachusetts with designer Harold Youngren piloting the craft. Between then and its dismantling in September, the Chrysalis made a total of 345 flights, with 44 different pilots.

The Chrysalis was notable for being the first aircraft to use a 'minimum induced loss' propeller, the design of which was based on the work of Professor Eugene Larrabee. The MIT team also built the propeller used by the MacCready Gossamer Albatross.

Specifications

See also

References

Further reading

 

Human-powered aircraft
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
1970s United States experimental aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1979
MIT aircraft
Aircraft with fixed landing gear