omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Climate Consortium Denmark. State of Green is a not-for-profit, public–private partnership promoting Danish cleantech solutions concerning climate change.

Organisational purpose and activities

State of Green focuses its efforts around four global challenges.  
 Powering future with sustainable energy
 Ensuring water security for a growing world
 Creating smart and liveable cities
 Moving towards a circular economy

House of Green 

On September 5, 2013, the House of Green was inaugurated by H.R.H. Crown Prince Frederik of Denmark, the official patron of State of Green. House of Green was a project intended to be a unique visitor and exhibition centre with meeting facilities and a showroom, where Danish businesses, industry organisations, and public institutions could welcome foreign commercial and political decision-makers and introduce them to the Danish competencies within clean-tech.

On February 5, 2019, the House of Green was re-inaugurated by the Crown Prince after a comprehensive modernisation of the centre.

The platform 
In 2018, the organisation re-launched the website into a platform, where Danish companies, organizations and authorities within the energy, water, cities and circular economy can present and market their green efforts. The aim of the platform was to create knowledge and relationships between stakeholders working for green and innovative solutions. The scope of the organisation was inherently international, focusing on the possibilities of using Danish cleantech solutions in foreign markets.

Historical context 

Until the late 1970s, Denmark was almost exclusively dependent on fossil fuels. The 1973 oil crisis and the 1979 energy crisis were wake-up calls for the country, realising the need for diversifying and securing renewable energy sources.

COP 15 
Between 7th and December 18, 2009, COP15 (also known as the Copenhagen Summit), was held in Copenhagen. State of Green, at the time known as Climate Consortium Denmark, was an integrated part of the official portfolio of activities before, during and after the COP15.

Energy Strategy 2050 
In February 2011, Danish government announced its "Energy Strategy 2050" with the aim to be fully independent of fossil fuels by 2050, and a new government repeated the goal in 2015 despite public scepticism.

References

External links

 United Nations Environmental Programme's Climate Neutral initiative

Scientific organizations based in Denmark
Climate change in Europe
Employers' organizations in Denmark
Alan M. Portis. Alan Mark Portis (July 17, 1926 – September 6, 2010) was an American solid-state physicist and founder of the Berkeley Physics Laboratory.

Career
Alan Portis was the dean of engineering at Berkeley as well as an engineering professor. He was an early researcher in electron paramagnetic resonance. He also founded the Berkeley Physics Laboratory. For the development of laboratory courses and curricula at UC Berkeley, he received the Millikan Medal from the American Association of Physics Teachers.  Portis was the doctoral advisor of the 2000 Nobel Prize laureate in Chemistry Alan J. Heeger, as well as Nai Phuan Ong and Myron Salamon, both of whom were elected Fellows of the American Physical Society.

Portis was a Guggenheim Fellow in 1965.
Portis was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in February 1976. He was also a Fellow of the American Physical Society.

Portis was also the first director of Berkeley's Lawrence Hall of Science, and one of the founders of the Search for Excellence in Science and Mathematics (SESAME) Group at UC Berkeley.

References

External links
Faculty page

1926 births
2010 deaths
American physicists
University of California, Berkeley faculty
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Jennic. Jennic Limited was a privately held UK-based fabless semiconductor company founded in 1996. The company developed microcontrollers that integrated radios with low-power wireless standards support; particularly 802.15.4, 6LoWPAN and Zigbee. It also supplied wired communications products, e.g. ATM and RapidIO cores.

History
Founded by CEO Jim Lindop, Jennic's main investors included UK billionaire Eddie Healey. In addition to its headquarters in Sheffield, UK, the company had offices in China, Japan, Taiwan, and the US. Customers included IBM, Texas Instruments, Johnson Controls and Honeywell.

Originally focused on IP licensing and design services, Jennic repositioned to focus on fabless semiconductor design in 2004. Jennic also received funding from the Department of Trade and Industry in 2005.

In July 2010, Jennic was acquired by Netherlands-based NXP Semiconductors for $12.2 million, plus an additional $7.8 million in consideration if certain performance targets were met. Approximately 50 UK-based Jennic employees transferred to NXP, and the organization  operated as the NXP Low Power RF product line based in Sheffield, England for a time, but in 2020, NXP decided to close the site in Sheffield.

Technology
Products developed by Jennic included JenNet, a wireless networking stack based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. JenNet-IP included a 6LoWPAN protocol stack. Jennic was the first chipset manufacturer to support this protocol for their 802.15.4 products. In May 2011, NXP announced its intent to release JenNet-IP network layer software under an open source license.

References

External links
 Official site
 NXP Semiconductors

Fabless semiconductor companies
Companies established in 1996
Electronics companies of the United Kingdom
1996 establishments in England
Fisher Celebrity. The Fisher Celebrity is a Canadian two-seat, conventional landing gear, single engined, biplane kit aircraft designed for construction by amateur builders. Fisher Flying Products was originally based in Edgeley, North Dakota, United States but the company is now located in Dorchester, Ontario, Canada.

Development
The Celebrity was designed by Fisher Aircraft in the United States in 1989 and was intended to comply with the US Experimental - Amateur-built category, although it qualifies as an ultralight aircraft in some countries, such as Canada. It also qualifies as a US Experimental Light Sport Aircraft. The Celebrity's standard empty weight is  when equipped with a four-stroke  Continental O-200 engine and it has a gross weight of .

The construction of the Celebrity is of wood, with the wings, tail and fuselage covered with doped aircraft fabric. An alternate welded 4130 steel fuselage was previously available, but is no longer offered by the manufacturer.  The aircraft features interplane struts and  inverted "V" cabane struts. Like most biplanes, the Celebrity has no flaps. The Celebrity's main landing gear is bungee suspended. Cockpit access is via the lower wing. The company claims an amateur builder would need 600 hours to build the Celebrity.

Specified engines for the Celebrity include the  Continental A-65,  Continental C-85, the  Continental O-200 and the  Lycoming O-235.

By late 2011 more than 55 Celebrities were flying.

In reviewing the Celebrity, John W. Conrad wrote in the July 1992 issue of Sport Pilot Hot Kits and Homebuilts Magazine:

Specifications (Celebrity)

See also

References

External links

Official website

1980s United States ultralight aircraft
Light-sport aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1989
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Celebrity
Single-engined piston aircraft
ANSI C12.20. ANSI C12.20 is an ANSI standard that describes an American National Standard for Electricity Meters - accuracy and performance.

The C12.20 standard established the physical aspects and performance criteria for a meter's accuracy class.  It refines certain details in ANSI C12.1 and ANSI C12.10.

The existing ANSI accuracy classes for electric meters are:
 Class .5 - having ± 0.5% accuracy.
 Class .2 - having ± 0.2% accuracy.
 Class .1 - having ± 0.1% accuracy.

Outside North America, IEC standards are used for electric meters.

See also 

 Electricity meter

Further reading
 ANSI C12.1, American National Standard for Electric Meters - Code for Electricity Metering
 ANSI C12.10, American National Standard for Physical Aspects of Watthour Meters - Safety Standard
 ANSI C12.18, American National Standard for Protocol Specification for ANSI Type 2 Optical Port

External links 
 The ANSI C12.20 standard at NEMA

Electrical standards
ANSI C12
Electric power distribution
Trucov. Trucov is an open source code coverage analysis tool for GCC versions 4.0 and later that aims to be a gcov replacement.  Trucov improves upon gcov by providing more granular and machine readable output, such as DOT Files representing control-flow graph of the program.  The use of DOT Files allows for other common tools like GraphViz to be used to produce coverage graphs. Trucov was developed as a senior design project at Washington State University.

Features
 Produces coverage analysis on a per source, per function, and per branch level
 Provides both textual and graphical coverage reports that are easier to use and understand
 Automatically finds all the source files inside of a project
 Detects how many times a particular block or branch of code has been executed
 Generates the control-flow graph of each function per source file
 Optionally hides coverage information of external libraries to better focus on the product under test
 Allows user to narrow the scope of coverage information by specifying specific functions or files

References

External links
 Trucov homepage

Free software testing tools
Cornalvo Dam. The Cornalvo Dam is a Roman gravity dam built to supply water to the Roman colonia of Emerita Augusta –present-day Mérida, Spain–, capital of the Roman province of Lusitania. It was built in the 1st–2nd century AD as part of the infrastructure which supplied water to the city. The earth dam Roman concrete and stone cladding on the water face is still in use.

The dam is part of the Archaeological Ensemble of Mérida, which is one of the largest and most extensive archaeological sites in Spain and that was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1993.

See also 
 List of Roman dams and reservoirs
 Roman architecture
 Roman engineering

Notes

References

Further reading

External links 
 

Roman dams in Spain
Buildings and structures in the Province of Badajoz
Gravity dams
History of Extremadura
Terrestrial Physics. Terrestrial Physics is a sculpture by American artist Jim Sanborn which includes a full-scale working particle accelerator. It was displayed in the Museum of Contemporary Art as part of Denver's Biennial of the Americas from June–September 2010.

Sculpture
Terrestrial Physics involves a polished aluminum sphere that is attached to a cylindrical glass tube coupled with rings of copper. The sculpture is able to generate a 1 million volt potential difference using a built-in Van de Graaff generator. The work was inspired by what followed from the unexpected report on 26 January 1939 by the physicists Niels Bohr and Enrico Fermi, invited speakers at the Fifth Washington Conference on Theoretical Physics, of the discovery of nuclear fission in Berlin by Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassmann and its interpretation by Lise Meitner and Otto Frisch.

The Germans had used thermal neutrons to cause fission, but at least two U.S. groups realized they could make confirmatory experiments with accelerator neutron sources, and did so within a few days of hearing the news.  The experiment at the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism (DTM) of Carnegie Institution of Washington on the night of Saturday 28 January 1939, using their Van de Graaff generator driven accelerator was probably the second U.S. confirmation of the European discovery of nuclear fission.

Sanborn, with permission and assistance of DTM, has reproduced the historical Van de Graaff generator used in that experiment.

History
Sanborn stated that the idea for the project came to him by accident while he was working on another of his projects, Atomic Time: Pure Science and Seduction. This was an exhibition/sculpture that was inspired by the science and experiments taking place during the Manhattan Project. The exhibition included Sanborn's sculpture Critical Assembly that was housed in one of the actual components from an atomic bomb.

During the period when he was displaying his work at the Corcoran Gallery of Art in 2003, Sanborn discovered an accelerator and was given permission to copy it. He was also able to obtain some  fittings from the item. With the help of a NASA engineer, Sanborn was then able to achieve a working particle accelerator which could also cause nuclear fission. When asked why he wanted to create this work of art, he stated "There are moments in history that people should be reminded of."

References

Bibliography

Sculptures by Jim Sanborn
2010 sculptures
Aluminum sculptures in the United States
Copper sculptures in the United States
2010 establishments in Colorado
Glass works of art
De Hondsrug, Weerdinge. De Hondsrug is a smock mill in Weerdinge, Drenthe, which has been restored to working order. The mill was built in 1910 and is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 14964.

History
The first windmill on this site was built in 1863. It ground buckwheat and rye. The mill burnt down on 4 June 1870. A new mill was built to replace it but was burnt down in 1909. To replace that mill, the drainage mill Flikkezijlsterpoldermolen was moved from Farmsum, Groningen by millwright Van Ausselt of Coevorden. Repairs were made to the mill in 1938 and the following year the sails were fitted with streamlined leading edges. In 1945, the mill lost a pair of sails and ceased work. It was restored in 1988. A new cap and sails were made and fitted, and the mill rethatched. The mill was then named De Hondsrug, having previously been nameless. It is named after a ridge of sandhills in Groningen.

Description

De Hoop is what the Dutch describe as an "achtkante beltmolen". It is a two-storey smock mill on a two-storey brick base. There is no stage, a bank of earth thrown up against the lower storey of the base provides access to the sails. The smock and cap are thatched. The mill is winded by a tailpole and winch. The four Common sails have a span of  and are carried in a cast-iron windshaft which was cast by Prins van Oranje, The Hague in 1896. The windshaft also carries the brake wheel, which has 59 cogs. This drives the wallower (31 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft, the great spur wheel, which has 108 cogs, drives the  French Burr stones via a lantern pinion stone nut with 33 staves.

Public access
De Hondsrug is open to the public by appointment.

References

Windmills in Drenthe
Windmills completed in 1910
Grinding mills in the Netherlands
Smock mills in the Netherlands
Octagonal buildings in the Netherlands
Rijksmonuments in Drenthe
Buildings and structures in Emmen, Netherlands
Next Generation Network Enabled Weather. Next Generation (NextGen) Network Enabled Weather (NNEW) is a project to develop a 4-dimension (all points, lateral, vertical and time dimensions) weather data cube (4-D Wx Data Cube) from disparate contributors and locations.

Description
Weather has a considerable impact on aviation operations. Providing the accurate and timely weather information required by aviation decision makers is an element of the Next Generation Air Transportation System. This will increase airspace capacity, improve efficiency, and improve air safety.

NNEW will provide fast access to weather information to all National Airspace System users by the provision of the 4-D Wx Data Cube. The 4-D Wx Data Cube will consist of:
 a virtual weather network containing data from various existing databases within the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the United States Department of Defense (DOD), as well as participating commercial weather data providers
 the ability to translate between the various standards so that data can be provided in user required units and coordinate systems
 the ability to support retrieval requests for large data volumes, such as along a flight trajectory

A subset of the data published to the 4-D Wx Data Cube will be designated the Single Authoritative Source (SAS). The SAS is that data that must be consistent (only one answer) to support collaborative (more than one decision maker) air traffic management decisions.

Weather data distribution mechanisms are being developed by the NOAA Research Applications Laboratory (NCAR), NOAA Global Systems Division and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory. Contributions to standards are being made to the Open Geospatial Consortium. Standards and specifications developed and/or used by NNEW will be layered on top of core services provided by the FAA System Wide Information Management (SWIM) program.

Benefits
Direct machine access and integration by decision support tools will reduce the need for interpretation of aviation weather data and will enable better air transportation decision making.

References

Federal Aviation Administration
Aviation meteorology
EPCI. EPCI stands for Engineering, Procurement, Construction and Installation, a common form of contracting arrangement within offshore construction. The acronym EPIC for Engineering, Procurement, Installation & Commissioning is also used. 

Under an EPCI contract, the contractor will design the structure(s), procure the necessary materials, undertake construction and transportation and set it up at the offshore site. The contractor does this either through own labor or by subcontracting part of the work. The contractor carries the project risk for schedule as well as budget in return for a fixed price, called lump sum or LSTK depending on the agreed scope of work. 

In EPCI contracts, the contractor rarely carries the project risk unconditionally. Rather, contractor and customer have detailed discussions on the division of the risk. Risk of delays and cost overruns due to lacking weather windows is an example of a typical risk that may be borne by the customer rather than the contractor.

See also
 Engineering, procurement and construction

References

Offshore engineering
Construction documents
Arlene Minkiewicz. Arlene F. Minkiewicz is the Chief Scientist at PRICE Systems, a company generally acknowledged as the earliest developer of parametric cost estimation software. She leads the cost research activity for the entire suite of cost estimating products that PRICE develops and maintains. Minkiewicz has over 25 years of experience designing and implementing cost models.

History

In 1997 Minkiewicz contributed to the science of software measurement by proposing predictive object points (POPs) as a means of measuring three characteristics of object-oriented software (combined data and functions, object communication and reuse via software. Her research has been published in leading trade journals including Software Development; Crosstalk: The Journal of Defense Software Engineering, and the British Software Review. In 2002 Minkiewicz was named the Clyde Perry Parametrician of the Year by the International Society of Parametric Analysts.  In 2004, her research into the cost implications of Commercial-Off-the-Shelf (COTS) software-based systems was recognized with best paper awards by the International Society of Parametric Analysts and The Society for Cost Estimating and Analysis (ISPA / SCEA).  In 2012, ISPA / SCEA recognized Ms. Minkiewicz for excellence in the field of parametric cost estimation with the presentation of the Frank Freiman Award, the highest honor  awarded by the society.

Education 

Minkiewicz holds a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from Lehigh University, (Bethlehem, Pa.) and a master's in computer science from Drexel University, (Philadelphia, Pa).

U.S. patent 

On June 6, 2000, Minkiewicz (along with Bruce E. Fad) was awarded U.S. patent 6073107 for parametric software forecasting system and method, a parametric software estimating system that provides a class of user selectable size metrics.

Speaker and industry commentator 

Minkiewicz speaks frequently on subjects pertaining to cost estimating and measurement at professional conferences including the 21st Annual Systems and Software Technology Conference. She recently commented on how government organizations evolved from major software innovators to users of commercially developed applications for the publication Federal Computer Week.

Books 
Minkiewicz has been a contributing author on several books about parametric modeling. These include:
The Unified Process Inception Phase : Best Practices for Implementing the UP by Scott W. Ambler and Larry Constantine, CMP Books
Software Process Improvement: Metrics, Measurement and Process Modeling by Michael Haug, Eric W. Olsen, Lars Bergman, Editors: 
Software Cost Estimation and Sizing Methods, Issues, and Guidelines by Shari Lawrence Pfleeger, 
Software Project Management For Software Assurance: A DACS State-Of-The-Art Report by Thomas McGibbon, Elaine Fedchak, and Robert Vienneau, Data Analysis Center for Software
Systems Cost Engineering by Dale Shermon,

Notes

Drexel University alumni
Software engineering researchers
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
James P. Womack. James P. Womack was the research director of the International Motor Vehicle Program (IMVP) at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts and is the founder and chairman of the Lean Enterprise Institute, a nonprofit institution for the dissemination and exploration of the Lean thinking with the aim of his further development of the Lean Enterprise.

Life and work

Womack first became widely known as an author in 1990 with publication of the book The Machine That Changed the World, which made the term lean production known worldwide. The book has been translated into eleven languages and has been sold more than 600,000 times. A revised edition was published in 2007.

Womack received his bachelor's degree in political science from the University of Chicago in 1970. He earned his master's degree in transportation systems in 1975 at Harvard University. His Ph.D in political science was received from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1982 for a dissertation on the comparison of industrial policy in the United States, Germany and Japan.

From 1975-1991 Womack led a number of comparative studies on worldwide production practices. The study of the automotive industry (the International Motor Vehicle Program - IMVP), funded with more than US$5 million, was the most important. Womack left MIT shortly after the publication of his book and founded the Lean Enterprise Institute (LEI) in 1997.

In addition, he also founded the Lean Global Network (LGN) together with Dr. Bodo Wiegand and José Ferro, which combines the interests and objectives of the Lean Management Community. The umbrella organization wants to ensure uniform standards when implementing learning concepts and to encourage the exchange among its members.

He is married and has two daughters.

Works
Lean Solutions: How Companies and Customers Can Create Value and Wealth Together 
Lean Thinking: Banish Waste and Create Wealth in Your Corporation 
The Machine That Changed the World: The Story of Lean Production ,

References

External links
 Womack personal page

Year of birth missing (living people)
1940s births
Living people
Harvard Graduate School of Design alumni
MIT School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences alumni
University of Chicago alumni
Engineering writers