omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
CSS Wilmington. CSS Wilmington was an unnamed casemate ironclad built for the Confederate States Navy during the American Civil War. The ship was never officially named and is referred to by historians by the name of the city in which she was built. Wilmington was still under construction during the February 1865 Battle of Wilmington and was destroyed to prevent her capture by Union troops after their victory.

Background and description

Wilmington was designed by the Chief Naval Constructor, John L. Porter, as a replacement for the rotten ironclad CSS North Carolina and the wrecked ironclad CSS Raleigh for the defenses of the Cape Fear River in North Carolina in 1864. Unlike those ships, Wilmington may have been designed to force engagements on the Union blockaders as her sleek lines and powerful propulsion machinery suggest something more than a defensive role.

The ship had an overall length of , a beam of  and a draft of . Her depth of hold was , but no tonnage or displacement figures are available as Wilmington was destroyed before she could be launched. The ship was fitted with two small pilot houses, one each fore and aft of the casemates, that were shaped like truncated pyramids.

She was powered by a pair of high-pressure horizontal single-cylinder direct-acting steam engines that had a  bore and a  stroke. Each engine drove an  propeller via  and  gears, using steam provided by four tubular boilers. The propellers were connected by an idler shaft which prevented them from rotating at different speeds, which would have significantly inhibited the ship's maneuverability. All of the propulsion machinery was built by the Columbus Naval Iron Works in Columbus, Georgia, but had not been delivered before Wilmington was destroyed.

The ship's main battery consisted of two guns of an unknown type on pivot mounts, each of which was housed in a small octagonal casemate. 
Each casemate had seven gun ports. The thickness of Wilmingtons wrought-iron armor is unknown.

Construction and fate
Porter visited Wilmington at the direction of Stephen Mallory, the Confederate States Secretary of the Navy, in late May 1864 after the first two ironclads built at Wilmington were lost or became ineffective; Raleigh was run aground and was wrecked on the sandbar at the mouth of the Cape Fear River on 7 May and North Carolina due to the green wood of her hull rotting and attacks by shipworms. Porter produced his design for Wilmington shortly afterwards and the ship was laid down at the Berry Brothers shipyard on Eagles Island across the river from the city. Although she reportedly used armor salvaged from the two earlier ironclads, Wilmington was still on the stocks when the Union captured the city on 22 February 1865. She was burned by the retreating Confederate troops to prevent her capture.

Citations

Bibliography

Further reading
 

North Carolina in the American Civil War
Ships built in Wilmington, North Carolina
2020 South West Aviation Antonov An-26 crash. On 22 August 2020, a South West Aviation An-26 turboprop aircraft crashed upon taking off from Juba Airport in Juba, South Sudan, for a domestic cargo charter flight to Aweil and to Wau, South Sudan.

Background 
South West Aviation Co. Ltd. founded in 2017, is a passenger and cargo airline based in Juba, South Sudan. The airline was responsible for the fatal crash of an L-410 Turbolet in Juba in 2018. In the aftermath of that accident, President Salva Kiir banned aircraft greater than 20 years of age from operating passenger flights.

Accident 
The Antonov An-26 freighter registration EX-126 (MSN 11508) performing a charter flight from Juba to Wau with six passengers and three crew lost height shortly after departure from Juba and impacted a farm about  from the runway.  Eyewitnesses report that the aircraft suddenly lost power and crashed in the Hai Referendum residential area. Weather is not believed to be a factor. Eight people in the aircraft (three South Sudanese and five Russians) were killed. There was one reported survivor who was taken to a hospital in critical condition. According to South Sudanese Transport Minister Madut Biar Yol there were five crew members, all Russian nationals.

According to early reports, the plane crashed into a residential area. It burned as residents approached it.

Some reports indicated the aircraft was on a charter flight for the World Food Programme (WFP) when it crashed, but the WFP denied having any connection to the flight, saying that the aircraft had been chartered by Galaxy Star International, a local company that provides services to the WFP and other UN agencies.

Investigation 
South Sudan's Aircraft Accident Incident Investigation Department (AAIID) was unable to establish the cause of the crash, but determined that the flight violated regulations, as the plane lacked a valid airworthiness certificate and South West Aviation did not hold an air operator's certificate.

Reactions 
South Sudanese president Salva Kiir called upon the Ministry of Transportation to "adhere to international standards" when assessing the airworthiness of aircraft adding "I know that it is hard to cope with the tragedy of this nature, but let us work hard to find the cause of this accident and use the lessons learned from it to prevent the occurrence of similar tragedies in the future".

See also
2015 Juba An-12 crash
2019 Busy Bee Congo crash
2020 Chuhuiv An-26 crash

Other crashes in residential areas
El Al Flight 1862
Pakistan International Airlines Flight 8303

External links

2020 in South Sudan
August 2020 in South Sudan
Aviation accidents and incidents in 2020
Aviation accidents and incidents in South Sudan
History of Juba
2020 disasters in Africa
Accidents and incidents involving the Antonov An-26
Aviation accidents and incidents caused by engine failure
Textile-reinforced mortar. Textile-reinforced mortars (TRM) (also known as fabric-reinforced cementitious mortars (FRCM) are composite materials used in structural strengthening of existing buildings, most notably in seismic retrofitting. The material consists of bidirectional orthogonal textiles made from knitted, woven or simply stitched rovings of high-strength fibres (e.g. carbon, glass, aramid, basalt, or PBO), embedded in inorganic matrices (most commonly cement-based mortars). The textiles can also be made from natural fibres, e.g. hemp or flax. When combining plant fibers with mortars, one must pay attention to potential hydrolysis of hemicelluloses and lignin .

Compared to other composite materials used in seismic retrofitting such as fibre-reinforced polymers (FRP), the fibre sheets are replaced by open-grid textiles and the epoxy resin is replaced by mortar. The synergy between the materials is mainly achieved due to a mechanical interlock forming between the textile layers and the mortar. A benefit of TRMs is their compatibility with typical construction materials such as concrete and masonry, and their improved fire resistance and resistance at high temperatures.

TRM has been proven effective for strengthening both concrete and masonry structures, including the strengthening of masonry-infilled reinforced concrete structures. In combination with advanced thermal retrofitting materials or systems, TRM may offer avenues for the combined seismic and energy retrofitting of building envelopes

See also
 Textile-reinforced concrete

References 

Composite materials
Textiles
Benedetta-class container ship. The Benedetta class is a series of eight container ships built for E.R. Schiffahrt by Hyundai Heavy Industries in South Korea. All eight ships are currently chartered to Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC). The ships have a maximum theoretical capacity of around 13,100 twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU).

List of ships

References 

Container ship classes
Ships built by Hyundai Heavy Industries Group
Korail Class 210000. The Korail Class 210000, also known as the EMU-150, is a South Korean higher-speed electrical multiple unit train manufactured by Hyundai Rotem and operated by Korail on ITX-Saemaeul services since 2014.

History
In 2011, Hyundai-Rotem and Korail signed an agreement for an order of 23 six-car units, with deliveries in 2014.

On 15 October 2013, the first set was delivered to Korail.

The EMU-150 entered service in 2014 on ITX-Saemaeul limited-express services.

Export variant
In 2021, an order of 10 8-car trainsets was received for an export variant for Tanzania as part of its Standard Gauge Railway, with the appearance resembling this model. The trains are gradually delivered from 2024 onwards.

Fleet list in Korail

, the fleet is as follows:

Gallery

See also
 List of high speed trains
 Rail transport in South Korea
 ITX-Saemaeul

References

Electric multiple units of South Korea

Hyundai Rotem multiple units
25 kV AC multiple units
Train-related introductions in 2014
SCOMBA. SCOMBA (Sistema de COMbate de los Buques de la Armada; meaning "Spanish Navy's ship's combat system") is a unified combat system that equips the majority of Spanish naval vessels since 2010. It is a variant of the Aegis combat system.

History 

SCOMBA is a Spanish national version of the Aegis combat system evolved from a technology transfer, including lines of source code included in the  program, this includes commonality with the C&D (Command and Decision) and ADS (Aegis Display System) of the US Navy version, with the aim of unifying in a common core all future Spanish Navy combat systems sharing source code, specifications, interface, equipment and training all without a external support.

General characteristics 

The hardware is composed of two redundant ARES processing units, a variable amount of CONAM terminals, two or three monitors, a digital video TV and radar server (SD2V), a variable amount of large display screens linked to a wide range of sensors.
During the development of SCOMBA the following sensors where integrated among others:
 LANZA-N radar from Indra Sistemas.
 ARIES radar from Indra.
 IFF with mode 5 and mode S.
 PAR Approach radar (based on the ARIES radar).
 DORNA naval radar and optronic fire direction developed by Navantia.
 RIGEL countermeasure suite.
 AIS as a sensor of the combat system.
 LINPRO processor built by Tecnobit, with a common type N interface.
 Amphibious assault craft control system.
 Integration with a common maps archive.
 NTP synchronization.

References 

Command and control
Spanish Navy
Dave Williams (Iowa politician). Dave Williams is an American politician, retired engineer, and businessman who served as a member of the Iowa House of Representatives from the 60th district. Elected in 2018, he assumed office on January 14, 2019.

Early life and education 
Williams was born and raised in Iowa. The first in his family to attend a four-year university, he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in mechanical engineering from Iowa State University and a Master of Business Administration from University of Iowa.

Career 
Williams worked as an engineer at John Deere for 36 years, but was forced to retire after an injury. Williams later founded a small business and worked as an adjunct professor of business at the University of Northern Iowa.

References 

Living people
Democratic Party members of the Iowa House of Representatives
21st-century members of the Iowa General Assembly
American mechanical engineers
Businesspeople from Iowa
Iowa State University alumni
University of Iowa alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Sattar (missile). Sattar (missile) () is an Iranian laser-guided air-to-ground missile, which have been mentioned for utilizing on the fighters of "F-4 and F-5" in Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force, and is said "have been a sort of complement of the weapons of Islamic Republic of Iran's bomber fighters. This missile's name have been applied based on the name of Mansour Sattari, who was the Commander-in-Chief of the Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force. This missile is considered as the first laser guided Iran-made missile.

This air-to-ground missile consists of 4 types, namely: Sattar-1, Sattar-2 Sattar-3, and Sattar-4 (as the project of Asr-67). The Sattar-1 missile has a range of 15 to 20 km, but there is no information concerning its speed. Sattar-2 is a significantly improved form of its previous version; Sattar-3 is another improved version of Sattar laser-guided missile, which is said to have a warhead with 225 kg.Sattar-4 is the newest variant looks very similar to the GBU-12 Paveway II in appearance. It includes a laser guidance kit and is powered by a rocket engine.

See also 
 List of military equipment manufactured in Iran
 Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force

References

Air-to-surface missiles of Iran
Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force
Military equipment introduced in the 2010s
Guided missiles of Iran
Iranian military-related lists
Post–Cold War weapons of Iran
Matthias Lütolf. Matthias Lutolf (born in 1973, also known as Matthias Lütolf) is a bio-engineer and a professor at EPFL (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) where he leads the Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering. He is specialised in biomaterials, and in combining stem cell biology and engineering to develop improved organoid models. In 2021, he became the scientific director for  Roche's Institute for Translation Bioengineering in Basel.

Career 
Lutolf studied materials engineering at ETH Zurich where he graduated in 1998. In 2002, he received his PhD in biomedical engineering from ETH Zurich for his studies on cell-responsive hydrogels for tissue engineering and cell culture, in the group of Jeffrey Hubbell. He completed postdoctoral studies in the laboratory of Helen Blau at Stanford University, where he worked on novel cell culture approaches for blood and muscle stem cells, so called synthetic niches. In 2007, he founded his own laboratory at EPFL, where he was promoted to associate professor in 2014 and full professor in 2018. From 2014 to 2018, he was director of  EPFL's Institute of Bioengineering. In June 2021, Lutolf became scientific director of the newly established Roche Institute for Translational Bioengineering in Basel, Switzerland.

Research 
Lutolf's laboratory develops in vitro organoids mimicking healthy and diseased tissues and organs. Specifically, Lutolf uses  bioengineering strategies to guide stem cell-based development to build novel organoids with improved reproducibility and physiological relevance for basic science and in vitro testing of drug candidates. His team has developed approaches to generate organoids in fully controllable 3D matrices, and has contributed to the understanding of how extrinsic biochemical and physical factors control stem cell fate and organogenesis. His team has developed concepts based on microfabrication, bioprinting, and microfluidics to improve the reproducibility, size, shape, and function of organoids.

Distinctions 
In 2007, Lutolf received the European Young Investigator (EURYI) Award by the European Science Foundation. Since 2018, he is elected as member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO). He serves as associate editor of The Company of Biologists' journal Development.

Publications

External links 

 
 Website of the Laboratory of Stem Cell Bioengineering

References 

Academic staff of the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
ETH Zurich alumni
Stanford University people
21st-century Swiss biologists
Living people
1973 births
Bioengineers
Terraced wall. A terraced wall, also a terrace wall, or a terraced retaining wall is a wall that is divided into sections (terraces) over a slope. Such designs are useful when building on a steep grade. Terraced walls may be built with many different materials.

Some craters have terraced walls, which includes complex craters.

Types of terraced walls

A partially terraced wall is designed so that the upper terrace and lower terrace come back together, forming a taller wall. The wall may still work well, but may have aesthetic issues.

There are two types. In an independent terraced wall, the upper wall applies little or no weight load on the lower wall. In a dependent terraced wall, the upper wall places a weight load on the lower wall.

See also

 Buttress
 Buttress dam
 Flying buttress
 Load-bearing wall
 Retaining wall
 Terrace (building)
 Terrace (earthworks)
 Terrace garden

References

External links and references

 Information on building a terraced garden
 US government's NASA on a crater with a terraced wall
 A youtube, on constructing a terrace wall
 Another youtube
 A youtube, on building rock walls for garden terraces

Types of wall
Kintetsu 20000 series. The  is an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated on excursion services by Kintetsu Railway in Japan.

Formation
The train is formed as follows, consisting of four cars.

History
The 20000 series train was built in 1990. It underwent refurbishment, which included a new livery. Trial operation with the refurbished set began in August 2020.

References

External links

 Kintetsu official website 

Electric multiple units of Japan
20000 series
Double-decker EMUs

Kinki Sharyo multiple units
1500 V DC multiple units of Japan
Lydia Contreras. Lydia Contreras  is a full professor at the University of Texas at Austin. She is an American chemical engineer most notable for her work on biomolecular engineering, genetics, and drug discovery.

Education 
Contreras earned her B.S.E. in Chemical Engineering in 2003 from Princeton University and her Ph.D. in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering in 2008 from Cornell University.

Academic career 
Contreras is known for her experimental and computational work on understanding molecular features that lead to the interaction of RNAs and proteins. Her work has led to the development of new methods and understanding of, for instance, the capacity of RNA nucleotides to establish intermolecular RNA interactions via high-throughput characterization of RNA interfaces.

Following the completion of her PhD, she served as an NIH Postdoctoral Fellow in the Division of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Wadsworth Center at the New York State Department of Health from 2008 to 2010. She then served as a visiting Postdoctoral Fellow in the Department of Biochemistry at the Max F. Perutz Laboratories in Vienna before she began serving as an assistant professor at the University of Texas at Austin. In 2017, she was promoted to Associate Professor in the department of chemical engineering.

References 

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
American chemical engineers
Chemical engineering academics
Women chemical engineers
21st-century American chemists
Dominican Republic emigrants to the United States
People from Santo Domingo
Cornell University College of Engineering alumni
Princeton University School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
University of Texas at Austin faculty
Swarnajayanti Fellowship. The Swarnajayanti Fellowship (SJ) is a research fellowship in India awarded annually by the Department of Science and Technology (India) for notable and outstanding research by young scientists, applied or fundamental, in biology, chemistry, environmental science, engineering, mathematics, medicine and physics. The prize recognizes promising young Indian academicians who are producing outstanding work that impacts research and development.

Details 

Citizens of India who are under 40 years of age, and have a proven track record may apply. The fellowship consists of an additional monthly stipend of  as well as a research grant of  per annum. The fellowship also requires that candidates have employment support from an Indian Institute of their choosing.

Prizes 
The prize is divided into six disciplines, namely:

 Chemical Sciences
 Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
 Engineering Sciences
 Mathematical Sciences
 Life Science
 Physical Sciences

Recipients 

 List of Swarnajayanti Fellows

See also 

 List of general science and technology awards

References

External links 

 
 Awardees before 2005
 Council of Scientific and Industrial Research

Civil awards and decorations of India
Indian science and technology awards
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
Awards established in 1997
1997 establishments in India
Ames Stereo Pipeline. The NASA Ames Stereo Pipeline (ASP) is an open-source software package for photogrammetry. It can create digital elevation models and ortho images from stereo planetary data acquired with NASA spacecraft, including for the Moon, Mars, and all other bodies with a solid surface, and also from commercial Earth-orbiting satellites, such as Digital Globe and any vendors who support the RPC camera model, e.g., Pléiades and Cartosat. For stereo correlation ASP uses block-matching and semi-global matching. ASP also provides tools for correcting the input camera poses using bundle adjustment, registration of obtained terrain models using iterative closest point, and a tool for refining a 3D terrain model with shape from shading. ASP integrates the ISIS software for processing planetary data. Binary releases are available for Linux and OSX.

See also
Comparison of photogrammetry software
Integrated Software for Imagers and Spectrometers

References

External links
Official website
Code repository
Documentation

Photogrammetry software
NASA
Free and open-source software
Remo Lütolf (industrial manager). Remo Marc Lütolf (born 19 March 1956, in Meggen) is a Swiss industrial manager and Vice-President of the University of Applied Sciences Council of Northwestern Switzerland.

Education 
Remo Lütolf studied electrical engineering at the ETH Zurich from 1975-1980 and graduated with a degree in electrical engineering. He then obtained his doctorate in 1986, concluding his studies with a dissertation in biomedical engineering, supplemented in 2000 by an EMBA from IMD Lausanne.

Career 
Remo Lütolf began his professional career at Landis+Gyr in Zug and joined ABB Switzerland in 1999. Five years later he became head of the global business unit Power Electronics & Medium Voltage Drives and worked in Turgi/Baden as well as four years at ABB China in Shanghai with additional responsibility for the Automation Products Division in North Asia. [4] From 2013 to mid-2018 Remo Lütolf was head of ABB Switzerland and chairman of the executive board. After one year as Chairman of the Board of Directors at Meyer Burger, he did not stand for a seat on the Board of Directors after a public debate with the largest shareholder, after the representative of the largest shareholder was to be elected to the Board against his opposition.

Currently, Remo Lütolf holds responsibilities on the boards of directors of various Swiss companies. Since 2018, for example, he has been Chairman of the Board of Directors of RUAG, a technology group based in Berne, Switzerland, which is mainly active in the aerospace, defence and security markets with both civil and governmental customers worldwide. He has also been Chairman of Energie Wasser Luzern Holding AG since 2017, Chairman of Erdgas Zentralschweiz AG since 2017, and of Venture Incubator. Since 2018, he has also been Chairman of Park Innovaare.

Remo Lütolf is also a board committee member of Swissmem, an association for SMEs and large companies in the Swiss mechanical engineering, electrical engineering and metalworking industries and related technology-oriented sectors. He is also a board member of Economiesuisse, the largest organisation for the Swiss economy.

References

External links 
Biography of Remo Lütolf on the website of RUAG International AG

1956 births
Living people
ETH Zurich alumni
International Institute for Management Development alumni
Swiss electrical engineers