omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
John Bridgwater. John Bridgwater FREng (10 January 1938 – May 2021) was a Shell Professor of Chemical Engineering at the University of Cambridge.

Life
Bridgwater was born 10 January 1938 and went to Solihull School. He gained a BA in chemical engineering at St Catharine's College, Cambridge in 1959, an MSE in chemical engineering at Princeton University in 1961. He then worked for Courtaulds before returning to Cambridge, becoming a lecturer in 1964 and obtaining a PhD in 1973.

In 1980 he took up a post as professor in the School of Chemical Engineering at the University of Birmingham, becoming Head of Department from 1983 to 1989, and Dean of the Faculty from 1989-1992.  In 1993 he took up the position of Shell Professor of Chemical Engineering at Cambridge, which he held until his retirement in 2004, being also Head of Department from 1993 to 1998. Upon his retirement a symposium was held to celebrate his achievements, particularly in research into particle science, where he had authored some 200 papers.

He died in May 2021.

Honours
Bridgwater was a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering from 1987 and President of the Institution of Chemical Engineers for 1997-8.  He was an Emeritus Professor of the Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology of the University of Cambridge.

References

1938 births
2021 deaths
Chemical engineering professors at the University of Cambridge
British chemical engineers
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
Alumni of St Catharine's College, Cambridge
Princeton University School of Engineering and Applied Science alumni
Academics of the University of Birmingham
People educated at Solihull School
Ibn Sina Robot. The Ibn Sina Robot is the world's first android robot with Arabic language conversational abilities. Created by roboticists Nikolaos Mavridis and Hanson Robotics founder David Hanson at United Arab Emirates University's Interactive Robots and Media Lab, The robot is capable of facial expressions, hand gestures, Arabic language dialogue, face detection and face recognition. It is part of an Interactive Theatre installation, within a circular room with a diameter of 13 meters, containing a stage, a projection screen, and sensors. Experimentation regarding multiple forms of tele-participation in the theatre is taking place; such as live interactions between physically present robots and humans with avatars in online virtual worlds, and remote control of robots through brain-computer interfacing.

The robot was demonstrated in the GITEX 2009 exhibition in Dubai, where it interacted with more than one thousand visitors, and has been featured in world media numerous times such as the UAE National, BBC, Agence France Press (AFP), Al Jazeera and others.

Further reading

 Riek et al. 2010. Ibn Sina Steps Out: Exploring Arabic Attitudes Toward Humanoid Robots. 
 Mavridis et al. 2011. Transforming IbnSina into an advanced multilingual interactive android robot.

External links

Video of IbnSina Robot greeting in Arabic and showing facial expressions
Video of IbnSina Robot Interacting with students in Arabic
Official website of the Interactive Robots and Media Lab (IRML)
IRML pavilion at the online robotics expo Expo21xx
IRML videos youtube channel

References 

Robots of the United Arab Emirates
Androids
2009 robots
United Arab Emirates University
EMO (trade show). EMO is a European trade show for the manufacturing industries. It occurs every odd-numbered year, with a cycle that finds it at the Hanover Fairground in Hanover, Germany for 2 shows, then the Fiera Milano exhibition center in Milan, Italy for 1 show.

The name EMO came from the name Exposition Mondiale de la Machine-Outil (Machine Tool World Exposition), and the scope of the content still reflects the machine tool heritage, although it now also extends beyond it. The show covers the spectrum of metalworking technologies, such as machine tools for milling, turning, and forming; manufacturing systems; precision measuring tools; automated materials handling; computer technology; industrial electronics; and accessories. 

EMO is run by CECIMO, the European Association of the Machine Tool Industries (Comité européen de coopération des industries de la machine-outil) (www.cecimo.eu). The Verein Deutscher Werkzeugmaschinenfabriken (German Machine Tool Builders’ Association), or VDW, is responsible for the organization of the trade show when in Hanover, while UCIMU, the Association of Italian Manufacturers of Machine Tools, Robots, Automation Systems and ancillary products (NC, tools, components, accessories) manages the Milan show.

An agreement between the Association for Manufacturing Technology (AMT), which organizes the US-based International Manufacturing Technology Show (IMTS) and CECIMO coordinates the IMTS and the EMO such that every even-numbered year the IMTS is held in Chicago, and every odd-numbered year the EMO is held in Europe.

History
EMO began as the EEMO (Exposition européenne de machines-outils, European machine tools exhibition). The first EEMO was held in 1951. The name changed in 1975 to EMO (Exposition Mondiale de la Machine-Outil). Nowadays its scope extends beyond machine tools, and the acronym expansion is not used by CECIMO anymore.

References

External links 
 
 
 

International business conferences
Secondary sector of the economy
Trade fairs in Germany
Trade fairs in Italy
HKS 700E. The HKS 700E is a twin-cylinder, horizontally opposed, four stroke, carburetted aircraft engine, designed for use on ultralight aircraft, powered parachutes and ultralight trikes. The engine is manufactured by HKS, a Japanese company noted for its automotive racing engines.

Development
The HKS 700E has dual capacitor discharge ignition, dual carburetors and electric start.  The engine is mainly air-cooled, but with oil-cooled cylinder heads. The OHV pushrod engine has four valves per cylinder, and nickel-ceramic coated cylinder bores. Lubrication is dry sump, with a trochoid pump.

The reduction drive is a choice of two integral gearboxes: the A-type gearbox has a 2.58:1 ratio and can accommodate propellers of up to 4,000 kg/cm2 inertial load; the B-type gearbox has a 3.47:1 ratio and can accommodate propellers of up to 6,000 kg/cm2.

The 700E burns  per hour in cruise flight at 4,750 rpm. The recommended time between overhauls is 1000 hours, although this is expected to be increased as experience is gained.

Producing  at 6,200 rpm for three minutes for take-off and  at 5,800 rpm continuously, the 700E was designed as a fuel efficient four stroke alternative to the high fuel consumption two stroke engines, such as the Rotax 582.

Coupe (facelift)HKS 700E engines from serial number 101105 and above meet ASTM standard 2339-05, which governs the design and manufacture of reciprocating engines for light-sport aircraft. Compliance with the ASTM standard means the aircraft is applicable for use on special or experimental light-sport aircraft (S-LSA or E-LSA).

The company's owner's manual disclaimer states:

Variants
700E
Initial version, normally aspirated and producing  at 6200 rpm for three minutes for take-off and  at 5800 rpm continuously.
700T
Turbocharged version with a  stroke and a compression ratio of 8.8:1, that produces  at 5300 rpm for three minutes for take-off and  at 4900 rpm continuously. The engine's dry weight is  equipped with electrical system, electric starter, fuel injectors, gearbox, exhaust system and turbocharger. The initial time between overhauls is recommended as 500 hours, but this is expected to rise with operational experience.

Applications

Specifications (700E)

See also

References

External links

Distributor's website

2000s aircraft piston engines
Gebba River. The Gebba (or Geba) is a river of southwestern Ethiopia. It is a tributary of the Baro River, which is created at the confluence of the Gebba and the Birbir. The river is the planned site for the twin Gebba Hydro electric power dams.

Gebba River Dam 
The Gebba River Dam is to be constructed near the border of Jimma and Illubabur zones of Oromia State. The project agreement was signed on Monday September 8, 2014 as a joint venture between the Ethiopian Government, through the Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation (EEPCo), and the Chinese firms SINOHYDRO Corporation Limited and Gezhouba Group Company Limited (CGGC). Construction costs are estimated to be $583 million and take four and half years across two phases. 80% of financing will be through Exim Bank of China and the remaining 20% through the Ethiopian government. The dam will produce an estimated 391MW of electricity.

See also
List of rivers of Ethiopia

References

Gebba River

Rivers of Ethiopia
Ethiopian Highlands
Geography of Oromia
Sobat River
Fokker D.XXIII. The Fokker D.XXIII was a Dutch single-seat fighter designed and built by Fokker. Only one aircraft was flown before the country was invaded by the Germans in May 1940.

Development

The Fokker D.XXIII was designed as a twin-engined single-seat aircraft. To overcome the problems of asymmetric flight it had a tractor engine at the front and a pusher engine at the rear. The D.XXIII was a cantilever monoplane with the twin tail units on booms. The pilot had an enclosed cockpit in between the tractor and pusher engines and it had a retractable tricycle landing gear.

The prototype first flew on 30 May 1939 powered by two Walter Sagitta I-SR air cooled vee piston engines. The trial flights identified problems with the cooling of the rear engine and general engine performance. It was proposed to use Rolls-Royce or Daimler-Benz engines in the production aircraft. Concerns were also raised about the pilot clearing the rear propeller if he had to bail out and an ejector seat was studied. As a provisional solution, rails were put on both sides of the forward fuselage for the Fokker test pilot, Gerben Sonderman, to use to bail out in an emergency. The aircraft was flown 11 times for a total flight time of less than four hours. The rear fuselage paneling was modified significantly before the last few flights in an attempt to address chronic rear engine cooling problems. On the 11th flight in April, the undercarriage was damaged, and the programme was abandoned in May 1940 when the German forces invaded the Netherlands.

Specifications

See also

References

Citations

Bibliography

External links

https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2021/05/from-nud40-to-bayraktar-akinci-demirags.html - German attempt to take control of the prototype

D 23
1930s Dutch fighter aircraft
Twin-engined push-pull aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Twin-boom aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1939
Twin-engined piston aircraft
Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear
Flight interception trap. A flight interception trap (or FIT) is a widely used trapping, killing, and preserving system for flying insects. It is especially well-suited for collecting beetles, since these animals usually drop themselves after flying into an object, rather than flying upward (in which case a Malaise trap is a better option). Flight Interception Traps are mainly used to collect flying species which are not likely to be attracted to bait or light.

Construction
The basis of any Flight Interception Trap consists of an upright placed see-through barrier under which one or more small basins are placed. The barrier may consist of such materials as plastic mesh, a transparent plastic sheet or even Plexiglas, although the latter does not work well for day-active insects since it is visible to them due to its specific refraction. The basins are filled with a preserving fluid such as ethanol (which should be mixed with something bad-tasting (like denatonium) to prevent wild animals drinking it), propylene glycol, salt-saturated water or even plain water. The best preservative to keep internal organs in good condition is FAACC, a solution of formaldehyde. A small amount of detergent is added to break the surface tension, causing the insects to sink.
Yellow (a colour which attracts many insects) pans with soapy water may be used alone. The water itself can be an attractant in dry environments .

Location
Depending on either the desired information (for research) or desired species (for collection and/or trade) the construction can be put in open land or in the forest. It is important to place the barrier in a straight angle with the most likely flying route for insects (e.g. blocking a forest corridor), so as to maximize results.

Checking
The basins can be checked daily (when it is e.g. important to check the activity of the desired insects under different weather conditions), weekly or even less often. Maximum time between two checks depends on the used preservatives, since not all preservatives are equally suited for preserving insects for a longer time.

Cover
To prevent the basins from filling up with litter, most researchers place some kind of roof over the trap. This keeps leaves from falling in while it also keeps the rain out (which could otherwise dilute the preservative or cause an overflow).

References

Entomology equipment
Animal trapping
Environmental Sampling Equipment
Rans S-16 Shekari. The Rans S-16 Shekari is an American single-engined, two-seat, low-wing, experimental amateur built aerobatic monoplane designed by Randy Schlitter, and produced by Rans Inc of Hays, Kansas, and sold as a kit for amateur construction.

Design and development
Conceived as a new generation of Rans aircraft focusing on quicker built times and higher performance, the Shekari is stressed for dual aerobatics.

The Shekari has a 4130 steel tube-and-fabric forward fuselage with composite covering and 6061-T3 aluminum tube rear fuselage and tail. It is available as either a tail wheel landing gear or tricycle landing gear versions. The wings are removable by one person in ten minutes for storage or trailering.

The S-16 has been flown with the Rotax 912UL of , but is typically equipped with engines such as the  Continental IO-240 of  and can accept engines up to the Lycoming O-320 with . Construction time claimed is 600 to 1500 man-hours, depending on builder experience.

Production of the S-16 was ended as part of Rans' extensive reorganization of its product line on 1 June 2006, after the kit had been available for 8 years. Twenty-two had been completed and flown by the end of 2005.

Specifications

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links
Official website archive on Archive.org
Photo of an S-16 Shekari

1990s United States civil utility aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
S-016 Shekari
Aerobatic aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1994
Murphy Maverick. The Murphy Maverick is a Canadian two-seat fixed-wing ultralight monoplane designed by Murphy Aircraft of British Columbia. The type is sold as a kit for home construction or as a complete ready-to-fly aircraft.

Development
Designed as a smaller version of the Rebel, the Maverick is an all-metal high-wing braced monoplane with two side-by-side seats and a tailwheel landing gear. The aircraft was designed around the Rotax 503 powerplant, with the goal of producing an economical ultralight trainer. As a homebuilt it can also be fitted with a number of different piston engines including the HKS 700, Rotax 582 and Jabiru 2200.

The aircraft is mainly built from sheet aluminium, with the tail and rear sections of the wings fabric covered to save weight. The wings are constructed using a "D" cell, with stamped ribs and a single wing strut. The standard wing span on the Maverick is , but an optional wing extension is available to increase the wingspan to reduce the wing loading.

The standard landing gear is of a taildragger configuration and bungee suspended, with sprung steel main gear as an option. Additional options include  wing-mounted fuel tanks and fittings for installing floats.

Variants
Phoenix Aircraft Maverick PA
 Licensed built version constructed by Phoenix Aircraft of Munich, Germany for the European market. This version incorporates different seats, plus electric flaps and trim.

Specifications (Murphy Maverick)

References

External links

1990s Canadian civil utility aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1993
Maverick
Single-engined piston aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Kawanishi K-12 Sakura. The Kawanishi K-12 Sakura (, "Cherry Blossom") was a Japanese experimental long-range aircraft of the 1920s, intended to be the first aircraft to fly non-stop across the Pacific Ocean. Two examples of the K-12, a single-engined high-winged monoplane were built. As testing showed that its performance was inadequate, it was abandoned, no attempt being made on the trans-Pacific flight.

Development and design
In September 1927 the Japanese aircraft company Kawanishi Engineering Works starting the design of an aircraft meant to carry out a non-stop flight across the Pacific between Japan and the United States, hoping to win a cash prize offered by a major Japanese newspaper for the first aircraft to make such a flight. Kawanishi's design, the K-12 Sakura, was a large high-winged monoplane of all-wooden construction, with a fixed tailwheel undercarriage, powered by a single BMW VI V12 engine, licence built by Kawasaki. Two aircraft were planned, the first to be used for training and as a stand-by for the second aircraft, which was to make the Pacific attempt. When completed in May 1928, it was the largest aircraft to be built yet by Kawanishi, and the largest and heaviest single-engined landplane to be built in Japan.

The aircraft was christened the Nichi-Bei-Go (Japan-US Model), and was planned to carry out the trans-Pacific flight over the North Pacific later in the year.  However, during flight testing, it was discovered that the airframe was too heavy and could not carry sufficient fuel to safely make the flight to the United States, with it not being practicable to modify the aircraft to solve these problems.  It was therefore abandoned, with the first prototype being left hanging from the ceiling of the assembly shop of the Kawanishi factory for several years, allegedly as an example of "How not to design and build a Special- Purpose Aeroplane".

Specifications

References
Notes

Bibliography

 
 .

External links

 ShinMaywa Industries:History

1920s Japanese sport aircraft
K-12
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1928
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Pakistan Gems and Jewellery Development Company. Pakistan Gems and Jewellery Development Company (PGJDC) () is a state-owned subsidiary of Pakistan Industrial Development Corporation and is based in Karachi, Pakistan.

Company performance
In October 2007, this government-owned company announced plans for development of a 10.8-acre manufacturing complex for gems and jewellery manufacturers in Korangi Creek Industrial Park area of Karachi. This modern industrial park would have gems labs, training centers, processing units and jewellery manufacturing units located in it.

In March 2010, Pakistan Gems and Jewellery Development Company organized two training courses to train workers in Lahore, Pakistan.

In June 2013, Pakistan's gems and jewellery exports had risen from approximately $47 million to $1.2 billion since the establishment of Pakistan Gems and Jewellery Development Company in 2006.

In January 2017, a company official said that Pakistan should export more of its value-added precious and semi-precious colored gemstones so the country can touch $1.5 billion future exports target annually in this sector. He said that Pakistan was currently exporting its 65 percent precious gemstones in raw shape at extremely cheap prices. He said that country's professionals and workforce need to improve their mining skills and their facilities for this value-addition.

See also 
 Pakistan Industrial Development Corporation (PIDC)
 Trade Development Authority of Pakistan (TDAP)
 Pakistan Small and Medium Enterprise Development Authority (SMEDA)

References

External links 
 Pakistan Gems and Jewellery Development Company - official website

Pakistani companies established in 2006
Jewellery companies of Pakistan
Government-owned companies of Pakistan
Companies based in Karachi
Pakistan federal departments and agencies
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering. The Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, formerly the Journal of the Hydraulics Division (1956–1982), is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Society of Civil Engineers. Topics range from flows in closed conduits to free-surface flows (canals, rivers, lakes, and estuaries) to environmental fluid dynamics. Topics include transport processes involving fluids (multiphase flows) such as sediment and contaminant transport, and heat and gas transfers. Emphasis is placed on the presentation of concepts, methods, techniques, and results that advance knowledge and/or are suitable for general application in the hydraulic engineering profession.

History 
One of ASCE's flagship journals which began publication in 1956, this journal's origin goes back to the publication of the first volume of Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1892.

Indexes
The journal is indexed in Google Scholar, Baidu, Elsevier (Ei Compendex), Clarivate Analytics (Web of Science), ProQuest, Civil engineering database, TRDI, OCLC (WorldCat), IET/INSPEC, Crossref, Scopus, and EBSCOHost.

References

External links 
 
 ASCE Library
 ASCE website

Civil engineering journals
Academic journals established in 1875
Monthly journals
English-language journals
American Society of Civil Engineers academic journals
Austro Engine E4. The Austro Engine E4 (marketed as the AE 300) is a liquid-cooled, inline, four-cylinder, four-stroke, aircraft diesel engine. The engine is manufactured by Austro Engine, an Austrian-based company and subsidiary of Diamond Aircraft Industries.

Development 
The engine is based on the Mercedes-Benz OM640 road Diesel engine.

Following Diamond's "General Aviation Single Point of Contact" strategy, Austro Engine started to design a new engine for use on Diamond products in 2005. It received its type certificate in January 2009.

Applications 
Diamond DA40
Diamond DA42
Diamond DA50
Diamond DA52
Diamond DA62 180hp AE330.

Specifications (E4)

References

External links 

Austro Engine aircraft engines
Aircraft diesel engines
2000s aircraft piston engines