omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Fluor-uvite. Fluor-uvite is a tourmaline mineral with the chemical formula CaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F. It is a rare mineral that is found in calcium rich contact metamorphic rocks with increased amounts of boron. Uvite is trigonal hexagonal, which means that it has three equal length axes at 120 degrees, all perpendicular to its fourth axis which has a different length. Uvite is part of the space group 3m. Uvite's hardness has been measured to be 7.5 on the Mohs hardness scale. The color of uvite widely varies, depending on the sample, but is mostly deep green or brown. In regard to uvite's optical properties, it is uniaxial (-) and anisotropic, meaning that the velocity of light in the mineral depends on the path that it takes. In plane polarized light, uvite is colorless to pale yellow and shows weak pleochroism.

Uvite was first found in 1929 in Uva Province, Sri Lanka, hence the name.

Uvite has no use, but is commonly found in mineral specimen collections. The mineral is sought after by collectors because of its pronounced colors, crystal structure, and often large crystal size.

References

Aluminium minerals
Calcium minerals
Cyclosilicates
Magnesium minerals
Trigonal minerals
Minerals in space group 160
Tourmalines
American Railway Express Company Garage. The American Railway Express Company Garage is a historic parking garage located at 3002-3028 Cecil B. Moore Ave. in the Strawberry Mansion neighborhood of north Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  It was designed by the firm Harris & Richards and constructed by the Robert E. Lamb Company in 1922 for developer John Presper Eckert, Sr.

History
Eckert was the owner of the Philadelphia Realty Company, and during the 1920s he consulted with the American Railway Express Company (AREC) to build garages throughout the United States, as well as in Europe and Egypt. AREC's business was to ship express packages nationally by railway and to pick up and deliver them locally by truck.  Thus AREC needed garages located near railway lines.  The Philadelphia garage abuts railway tracks now owned by Amtrak and probably served customers in the Brewerytown neighborhood a few blocks to the south.

Eckert's son, John Presper Eckert, Jr. later became famous as the inventor of ENIAC and other early computers.

In August 2006, the site was listed in the National Register of Historic Places.  Though a sign on the building proclaimed "Now Leasing," in photographs accompanying the 2006 NRHP nomination, and in September 2010 (see photograph above), the roof was removed in 2004.

A new plan to restore the building was announced in 2015. The garage was to be turned into 36 apartments with parking, a pre-school and day care, and a fitness facility by Mosaic Development Partners and Cedar Grove Partners, with financing from Philadelphia LISC, historic tax credits and New Market Tax Credits.

References

External links
[ Pennsylvania Historic Resources Survey Photograph]

Buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in Philadelphia
Transport infrastructure completed in 1922
Strawberry Mansion, Philadelphia
Railway Express Agency
Ammonium sulfite. Ammonium sulfite is the ammonium salt of sulfurous acid with the chemical formula (NH4)2SO3.

Preparation
Ammonium sulfite can be prepared by the reaction of ammonia with sulfur dioxide in aqueous solution:

Ammonium sulfite is produced in gas scrubbers, now obsolete, consisting of ammonium hydroxide to remove sulfur dioxide from emissions from power plants.  The conversion is the basis of the Walther Process. The resulting ammonium sulfite can be air oxidized to give ammonium sulfate.

Uses
Ammonium sulfite is the precursor to ammonium thiosulfate, by reaction with elemental sulfur.

Niche
For cosmetics, ammonium sulfite is used as a hair straightening agent and a hair waving agent. Ammonium based hair products have been made to replace sodium hydroxide-based products due to the destructive nature of sodium hydroxide on hair.

The most common food product with ammonium sulfite is caramel coloring E150d. According to the FDA, caramel coloring contains ammonium, potassium, or sodium sulfite.

Ammonium sulfite is used as a preservative for fixers in photography. When film photographs are being developed ammonium sulfite can be one of the reducing agents used to preserve the hypo (sodium thiosulfate or ammonium thiosulfate).

Ammonium sulfite can also be used in the making of bricks. The bricks made using ammonium sulfite are mainly used for blast furnace linings.

Ammonium sulfite can be included in lubricants for cold metal working. The lubricants are intended to reduce friction to keep heat production down and keep impurities out of the metals.

Chemical properties
Ammonium sulfite is a reducing agent. It emits sulfur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen upon heating to decomposition.

The specific gravity of ammonium sulfite is 1.41. The refractive index of ammonium sulfite is 1.515.

References

Ammonium compounds
Sulfites
Supreme Industries. Supreme Industries Limited is an Indian plastics company, based in Mumbai. The company manufactures industrial and engineering molded furniture products, storage and material handling crates, multi-layer sheets, multi-layer films, packaging films, expanded polyethylene foam, PVC pipes and fittings, molded furniture, sataranj mats, disposable EPS containers.

References

External links
 Official Website

Manufacturing companies established in 1942
Manufacturing companies based in Mumbai
Conglomerate companies of India
Plastics companies of India
1942 establishments in India
Companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India
Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange
Replay 4. Replay 4 is a proprietary backup and disaster recovery software for Windows application servers developed by AppAssure Software and released on September 9, 2009.

Replay 4 uses an image-based approach for backup  taking a snapshot at a moment in time. It provides application integration with mission-critical Microsoft applications, including Microsoft Exchange, SQL, SharePoint, and Hyper-V. Replay 4 also supports Windows Small Business Servers, Domain Controllers, File servers, Web servers, and BlackBerry enterprise servers. Replay 4 provides support for advanced features such as block level snapshots with incremental forever data capture, integrated data deduplication, bare-metal restore to dissimilar hardware, failover virtual machines, offsite cloud recovery, etc. The latest version adds the ability to replicate data to off-site storage, and also incorporates new technology for data deduplication.

Awards 

Replay 4 was named 2009 Backup and Disaster Recovery Software Product of the Year by Storage Magazine in February 2010. In May 2010, Replay 4 was named New Server Software Product of the Year at the 8th annual American Business Awards.

See also 

 List of backup software

References

External links 
 Official website
 Replay 4 Administrator's Guide
 Replay 4 Release Notes

Backup software for Windows
2009 software
Windows software
Peter Franaszek. Peter A. Franaszek is an American information theorist, an IEEE Fellow, a research staff member emeritus at the IBM T.J. Watson Research Center and a former member of the IBM Academy of Technology. He received his Sc.B. from  Brown University in 1962, and his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1966.

His work was mainly on the representation of information for storage and transmission, and the placement and movement of such information in computer systems. Specific areas include  constrained coding, compression algorithms, I/O architectures, switching networks, disk defragmentation algorithms, concurrency control techniques, operating system schedulers, and compression techniques and architectures for systems with memory compression. Franaszek's coding research determined fundamental aspects of constrained coding, and obtained algorithms for code construction.  In early work associated with his "principal
state" technique for block code construction, he designed MS43, a ternary code for data transmission, a modified version of which, MMS43, became a European standard.   His work also served as a basis for key components in the proliferation of disk drives, compact disks (CDs), and digital versatile disks (DVDs). Specific codes he developed have been widely used in commercial data storage and transmission products. His (2,7) RLL code found widespread application in disk drives in the 1980s and later in magnetic and optical recording applications. Together with Albert Widmer, he designed 8b/10b encoding used in gigabit telecommunication systems.  As an emeritus, he, along with B.Abali and L. Lastras, coinvented an approach to a data compression engine using a hybrid of a content addressible memory and hashing (US Patent 9836238).  This forms the basis for the comoression/deflate engines embodied in the IBM z15 and Power9 processors.

Awards

2002: ACM Paris Kanellakis Theory and Practice Award
2009: IEEE Richard W. Hamming Medal for his contributions to the theory and practice of run-length limited channel coding for magnetic and optical storage.

References

Living people
American information theorists
Fellows of the IEEE
Princeton University alumni
Brown University alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Ford Air Transport Service. Ford Air Transport Service is a defunct airline based in United States of America. The airline was also registered as Ford Air Freight Lines.

History
Henry Ford initiated Ford Air Transport Service—the world's first regularly scheduled commercial cargo airline—in 1925.

Ford Air Transport Service started with Stout 2-AT Pullman aircraft in 1925. Henry and Edsel Ford had an investment in Stout Engineering that became the Stout Metal Airplane Division of the Ford Motor Company later that year in August. The first 2-AT was built at the Stout factory in Dearborn and called the "Maiden Detroit". The other aircraft in the fleet were also 2-AT's, named "Maiden Dearbon I, II, III and IV". Initially the aircraft were for Ford's company use. The airline's first scheduled commercial flights in America were begun when The "Maiden Dearborn" flew 1,000 lbs. of freight between factories in Detroit and Chicago on April 13, 1925. 
Ford Air Transport served routes between Chicago, Detroit and Cleveland. The airline logged over 1000 scheduled flights in its first year.

The aircraft operated out of Ford Airport off of two grass runways with night lighting.

The safety and predicability of the first cargo flights were used to advantage in securing the first airmail contracts under the Kelly Act. The "Madien Detroit" entered Contract Air Mail service on February 15, 1926 with Henry and Edsel Ford loading the first bag of mail. The aircraft flew from Detroit to Cleveland under fighter escort to become the first commercial transport of air mail. L.G. "Larry" Fritz piloted the aircraft with Ford and Stout as passengers for the one-hour-seventeen-minute flight. The routes would be known as CAM-6 (Detroit to Cleveland), and CAM-7 (Detroit to Chicago).

In 1928 Ford sold the airmail routes to Stout who also was operating his own airline with Stout-Ford built aircraft. The last official flight was in 1932.

Most of the 2-AT's eventually were sold to Florida Airways, the forerunner of Eastern Airlines.

Destinations

Detroit, Michigan (Ford Airport (Dearborn))
Chicago, Illinois (Airport)
Cleveland, Ohio (Airport)

Fleet

The Ford Air Transport Service fleet consists of the following aircraft:

Accidents and incidents
On May 18, 1926, a Ford Air Transport 2-AT Maiden Deaborn I was involved in the first fatal accident for a commercial US aircraft in Argo, Illinois. The Contract Air Mail pilot crashed and was killed due to flight into poor weather conditions.
On May 12, 1928, a Ford Air Freight 4-AT-01, NC 1492 crashed on takeoff from Dearborn Michigan killing the only two passengers on board the aircraft.

References

Airlines established in 1925
Airlines disestablished in 1932
American companies established in 1925
American companies disestablished in 1932
American Airlines
Defunct companies based in Detroit
Defunct airlines of the United States
South African Class 33-200. The South African Railways Class 33-200 of 1966 was a diesel-electric locomotive.

Between October 1966 and May 1967 the South African Railways placed twenty Class 33-200 General Motors Electro-Motive Division type GL26MC diesel-electric locomotives in service.

Manufacturer
The Class 33-200 type GM-EMD GL26MC diesel-electric locomotive was designed and built for the South African Railways (SAR) by General Motors Electro-Motive Division (GM-EMD) and imported. They were delivered between October 1966 and May 1967 and numbered in the range from  to 33-220.

Class 33 series
The Class 33-200 was the first GM-EMD diesel-electric locomotive to be placed in service by the SAR. The Class 33 consisted of three series, the General Electric (GE) Class 33-000 and 33-400 and the GM-EMD Class . Both manufacturers also produced locomotives for the subsequent SAR Classes 34, 35 and 36.

Of the three series, the Class 33-200 was the only one to be delivered with a high short hood.

Service

South African Railways
The Class 33-200 locomotives spent their entire SAR working lives operating out of East London. After some of the locomotives were sold by the SAR, their dynamic braking equipment, located in the high short hood, was removed by some of the new owners and the short hoods were rebuilt to low noses. In the process their starting power output was reduced from .

Between 1991 and 1992, the remaining Spoornet locomotives were similarly modified and placed in shunting service around East London. All of them were eventually withdrawn and sold by Spoornet and several are still operating in other parts of Africa.

Traxtion Sheltam
Of the original twenty locomotives, eleven were still in service with Sheltam by 2010, two having first served at Douglas Colliery as numbers D8 and D9. Sheltam is a locomotive leasing and repair company. All their serving Class 33-200 locomotives have had their short hoods modified to low noses.

Three more locomotives were bought by Sheltam for spare parts and are believed now to be scrapped. Sheltam initially numbered all their locomotives from no. 1 upwards, but have since renumbered them according to their horsepower.

Other operators
Of the remainder, four locomotives went to SitaRail in Côte d'Ivoire, one to the Sudan Railways and one to the Nkana mine of Mopani Copper Mines in Zambia.

Works numbers
The Class 33-200 builder's works numbers and disposition are listed in the table.

Illustration
The main picture shows Class 33-200 no. 33-212 on 8 January 1970 with its original high short hood and in the SAR Gulf Red livery, leading General Electric-built Class  no. 33-023 on a passenger train near Vincent, Eastern Cape. The following pictures show some of these locomotives with low short hoods in various liveries.

References

3330
C-C locomotives
Co′Co′ locomotives
Co+Co locomotives
Electro-Motive Division locomotives
Cape gauge railway locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1966
1966 in South Africa
Novell ZENworks Application VIrtualization. Novell ZENworks Application Virtualization is an application virtualization and portable application creation console by Novell that allows a user to build applications that run like an executable file.

This product is now known as Micro Focus Desktop Containers.

History
ZENworks Application Virtualization was first made available on September 2, 2008. Since its initial release, it has undergone additional major releases, including versions 6.x, 7.x and the current version 8.x.

Architecture & Technology
ZENworks Application Virtualization is an application virtualization solution that allows users to build highly portable virtual Windows applications that run like common executable files. Virtual applications are self-contained and include an isolated sandbox that interfaces with the operating system registry indirectly. Virtualized applications run without an agent/server architecture and without a local client install. 

The technology also supports application streaming, a form of on-demand application distribution. This type of application streaming uses a predictive algorithm that maps common user behavior in applications to anticipate what portions of application code should be sent first, based upon changing user behavior, in an effort to improve performance.

Building virtual applications
The process for creating a virtual application with ZENworks Application Virtualization follows one of three paths:
 Auto-configured applications: Use wizards to build pre-configured applications. Included applications are limited to popular or common applications.
 Snap-Shot: Take "snapshots" of an example system's state before and after the target application is installed.
 Manual configuration: Manually configure the registry, sandbox, and other portions of the target application. This approach typically requires an experienced programmer.

Users can then define other application behavior, such as setting an application to expire on a certain date, or to make the application run on a portable storage device (USB drive).

Limitations
 Windows only applications: ZENworks Application Virtualization is limited to the Windows operating system for both building and running virtualized applications.
 Does not always fix compatibility: ZENworks Application Virtualization can address application compatibility problems in some cases, but should not be used as a primary means to solving operating system compatibility.

See also
 Application Streaming
 Portable application creators
 VMware ThinApp
 Microsoft Application Virtualization

References

External links 
 Novell ZENworks Application Virtualization product page
 Novell ZENworks Application Virtualization application streaming demo site

Virtualization software
Utilities for Windows
Umesh Waghmare. Umesh Waghmare is an Indian physicist, and presently a Professor in the Theoretical Sciences Unit at Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research. 

Research in his Materials Theory Group is fundamentally based on computer simulations of electronic motion governed by quantum physics and resulting electron-mediated inter-atomic interactions which are responsible for multi-scale behaviour of materials. Deriving material-specific information on chemical bonding and microscopic couplings that are essential to the specific properties of a material, they develop fundamental understanding of a material in terms of its atomic structure and electronic structure. The goal of their theoretical analysis is to derive material-specific properties on the macroscopic and intermediate length and timescales starting from a first principles description of chemistry and atomic structure.

They complement experimental work by accessing the microscopic information that may be hard to access in a laboratory. Their work has led to design of new materials or modification of existing materials to yield desired properties, or narrowing down the choices of new materials for design by experiment. Recently, they have shown how techniques of machine learning can be constrained by dimensional analysis and physical laws to develop simple and predictive models that benefit from both the data and existing knowledge.

Career 
 2022 - present, President, Indian Academy of Sciences, Bangalore
 2000 - present, Faculty Member, JNCASR, Bangalore
 1996 - 2000, Harvard University, Physics
 1996 — Ph. D., Yale University, in Applied Physics
 1994 — M. S., Yale University, in Applied Physics
 1994 — M. Phil., Yale University, in Applied Physics
 1990 — B. Tech., Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, in Engineering Physics

Awards 
 2015 - Infosys Prize in Engineering and Computer Science
 2010 - Waghmare was awarded the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology for contributions to the physical sciences.

References 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Indian condensed matter physicists
Recipients of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Award in Physical Science
IIT Bombay alumni
Yale University alumni
Trigger transformer. A trigger transformer is a small, usually ferrite cored transformer used in applications requiring a high voltage pulse, typically to start ionization of a gas to allow a current to pass.

Uses 

Trigger transformer cores may be utilized in a unipolar (electromagnetic flux strictly positive or negative) or bipolar (swinging between positive and negative) manner. Applications also differ in whether or not they saturate the core (termed a saturating trigger transformer).

Strobe lights, for instance operate the core in a unipolar, unsaturated mode. Capacitors are charged to approx. 300 volts, at which point a second capacitor pulses voltage through the transformer, achieving the approx. 2000-6000 volts (depending upon the characteristics of the specific flash tube) necessary to overcome the resistance of the inert gas (such as xenon) between the electrodes, ionizing it.

Trigger transformers operate by means of a secondary coil with hundreds, even thousands, of turns of very fine copper wire, trading current for voltage.

Much like in lightning, this plasma has much lower resistance, and the capacitor can discharge rapidly across it. The capacitors begin charging again, starting the cycle anew and giving rise to their characteristic periodic flashing. Capacitors alone would result in a continuous arc. Having achieved the voltage necessary to cause dielectric breakdown, they would maintain it indefinitely.

So-called saturating trigger transformers find use in circuits that intentionally utilize core saturation and/or operate in a bipolar fashion, such as DC-to-AC power inverters.

Inductors are also commonly used in place of a trigger transformer, however are not considered transformers themselves, although similar in operation.

References 

Electric transformers