omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
MSrE M-24. 

The MSrE M-24 was a sport aircraft built in Hungary in the late 1930s. It was a low-wing cantilever monoplane of conventional design with a wing of elliptical planform. The pilot and single passenger sat in tandem under a canopy that fully enclosed the cockpit, and the main wheels of the tailwheel undercarriage were retractable. A small series of five aircraft was produced, with the first two supplied to Egypt.

Operators

Royal Egyptian Air Force

Specifications

Notes

References

 
 
 

1930s Hungarian sport aircraft
MSrE aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1938
William J. J. Gordon. William J. J. Gordon (September 9, 1919 – June 30, 2003) was an inventor and psychologist. He is recognized as the co-creator of a problem solving approach called synectics, which he developed along with George M. Prince while working in the Invention Design Group of Arthur D. Little.

Gordon also held numerous United States patents for various products and services, including a rotatable multiple tool support unit (No. 2,743,746 – May 1, 1956), a catamenial device (No. 2,879,769 – March 31, 1959), an impact tool (No. 2,974,651 – March 14, 1961), artificial snow (No. 3,020,811 – February 13, 1962), a dispenser (No. 3,035,299 – May 22, 1962), a boat fender (No. 3,055,335 – September 25, 1962), an apparatus for continuous restaurant counter place mats (No. 3,092,045 – June 4, 1963), a lipstick container (No. 3,737,241 – June 5, 1973), and an animal track teaching method (No. 4,204,705 – May 27, 1980).

Built in 1843 by lexicographer and dictionary author Joseph Emerson Worcester on what was originally part of the Vassall-Craigie Estate, Gordon’s 7,150-square-foot, 15-room home on Brattle Street in Cambridge, Massachusetts was purchased by London art historian Margaret Koster and her husband, Joseph Koerner, in 2006.

Gordon attended the University of Pennsylvania in 1937 and 1938, but according to the university archives, did not receive a degree. He was also the youngest son of Nathan H. Gordon, the motion picture executive.

References

1919 births
2003 deaths
20th-century American psychologists
University of Pennsylvania alumni
SiS 6326. The SiS 6326 was a graphics processing unit (GPU) manufactured by Silicon Integrated Systems. It was introduced in June 1997 and became available to the consumer market in the end of that year. Although its performance was low compared to the GPUs of its age, eventually it became very successful, specially integrated in many motherboards designed to the corporate market, where the low cost is prioritized over 3D performance. SiS shipped over seven million units of the SiS 6326 in 1998.

Architecture 

The SiS was available as a discrete card, with an AGP 2x or PCI bus, and as an integrated GPU. It had a 64-bit 2D/3D graphics accelerator [with most cards running at 75 MHz and later revisions running at 90 MHz], a DVD decoder and a TV decoder. It was available with 4 MB or 8 MB of memory.

Performance 
Since the model aimed for low cost over high performance, its capabilities were low compared to contemporary products. According to a test conducted by Tom's Hardware on January 21, 1998, it possessed roughly a third of the performance of an NVidia RIVA 128 or 40% less than an ATI Rage Pro in terms of frames per second in Direct3D benchmarks, and simply could not play Quake 2 due to its lack of OpenGL support. Yet the same article says that even the "slow and unknown graphic chip" could still produce "quite nice image quality".

A beta driver made by AOpen was released as late as 1999, being the only version with an OpenGL ICD included, which finally allowed it to run some OpenGL games such as GLQuake, Quake 2,and Quake 3, as well as tech demos such as GLexcess. Despite technically being playable, the performance in those games are not very good.

The SiS 6326 was even capable of running relatively newer 3D applications such as 3DMark2001/2001, with no significant image flaws to be found despite its abysmal speed.

Linux support 

There is little support for Linux aside from the drivers developed independently by Thomas Winischhofer. Since the driver does not support OpenGL, not even the Windows one provided by SiS, it only allows for 2D acceleration. There is also an experimental FrameBuffer driver developed by Sergio Costas, currently unsupported, available only for 2.4 kernels and without any kind of hardware acceleration. This driver was not ported to 2.6 because the native VesaFB driver available offered the same capabilities.

Variants and immediate successors 
In 1998, DVD/Macro-Vision and then AGP variants of the SiS 6326 were released. Later that year, northbridge chipsets with integrated GPUs were released: SiS 530 for Socket 7, and SiS 620 for socket 370, both based in a cut down version of the SiS 6326, named SiS 6306 operating at 40 MHz. It was in April 1999 that the SiS 6326 was made officially obsolete by the SiS 300.

References 

Graphics cards
South Asian Gate. South Asian Gate  (南亚之门) is a planned skyscraper in the city of Kunming, China. It will be situated in the Tuodong Lu Central Business District. The project was first announced in 2008 as the tallest building in the Yunnan province at 72 storeys, with a height of 316m. However, the final design had the height reduced to 268m.

South Asian Gate was originally scheduled to be completed in 2012 or 2013. But construction on the main tower never got off the ground, even though it progressed on other components. As of 2017, construction is stalled.

The project went through several re-designs. The first design had 288 metres and 72 storeys. The Department of Construction did not approve it, because Yunnan is a seismically active region and the design would not be safe in a strong earthquake. It was revised to 316m, 81 storeys.  Again it was turned down. It was approved the third time at 333m and 83 storeys. The approved design has two separate towers, equal in height. The space between the towers looks like a Yunnan-style pagoda. The two towers were later replaced with one tower at the same height. The design of the tower was again changed and the height reduced to finally become 268m.

The South Asian Gate will be home to a five-star hotel, serviced apartments, grade-A office space, residential apartments, a commercial area, and leisure and entertainment facilities. It will occupy 34,500 square metres with a total construction area of 550,000 square metres.

The project is a joint venture between Jiangsu World Group (江苏天地集团) and Yunnan Zhongju Group (云南中炬集团).

See also
List of tallest buildings and structures in the People's Republic of China

References

Skyscrapers in Kunming
Skyscraper office buildings in China
Residential skyscrapers in China
Skyscraper hotels in China
Internal fan-cooled electric motor. An internal fan-cooled electric motor (colloquially, fan-cooled motor) is a self cooling electric motor. Fan cooled motors feature an axial fan attached to the rotor of the motor (usually on the opposite end as the output shaft) that spins with the motor, providing increased airflow to the motor's internal and external parts which aids in cooling.

Uses 
Fan cooled motors have many common uses in motors that either produce a lot of heat or have poor airflow because they are always stationary or in an enclosed space and require a compact cooling system. They are common for industrial uses, household appliances such as blenders and mixers, power tools such as drills and rotary tools, and radio-controlled cars

Advantages 
Attaching an internal fan to a motor is a fairly simple way to cool it. Since a fan cooled motor always provides airflow over itself regardless of whether it is stationary or partially enclosed, it is more effective than using a heat sink in applications with poor airflow because heat sinks usually require air to be flowing over them for maximum effectiveness. Internal fan cooling also takes up far less space than external fan cooling or water cooling.

Disadvantages 
All fans generate noise, something that may not be desired in a motor, and drag on their power source. Also, like any device with a fan, increased airflow through the motor can cause increased dust build up, which could potentially hinder the motor's operation.

References 

Electric motors
219th Engineer Brigade (United States). The 219th Engineer Brigade is a combat engineer brigade assigned to the 38th Infantry Division of the Indiana Army National Guard. Soldiers of the 219th Engineer Brigade provide various supportive duties to other Army units, including construction, engineering, and mechanical work on other Army projects.

The 219th was originally activated in 2007 as the 219th Battlefield Surveillance Brigade, one of ten other self-sufficient battlefield surveillance brigades that were activated during efforts to reform and modernize the US Army. Its original mission was to improve situational awareness for commanders at division-level or higher. However, in 2015, battlefield surveillance brigades were declared obsolete. Five out of the ten brigades were reorganized into expeditionary military intelligence brigades. Two were disbanded. The other three were converted into different types of units. In 2016, the 219th Engineer Brigade was activated.

Since its activation, the unit has taken part in overseas tours to Kuwait, Qatar, Jordan, Iraq, Afghanistan, and has independently conducted various humanitarian missions in the United States and in other nations throughout the world.

Organization
The 219th Engineer Brigade currently consists of one engineer battalion, one field artillery battalion, and one signal company, with units spread out throughout Indiana. The Brigade Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC) is headquartered at Johnson County Armory, Franklin, Indiana. The 113th Engineer Battalion is headquartered at Gary, Indiana. 2-150th Field Artillery Battalion is headquartered at Bloomington, Indiana. The 738th Signal Company is located at Lafayette, Indiana.

Past commanders
COL David N. Vesper 
COL Timothy N. Thombleson 
COL R. Dale Lyles 
COL Steven Hines
COL Sean Begley

References 

Brigades of the United States Army National Guard
Engineer Brigades of the United States Army
Maule M-7. The Maule M-7 is a family of single-engine light aircraft that has been manufactured in the United States since the mid-1980s.

Design and development
Based on the Maule M-4, it is a high-wing, strut-braced monoplane of conventional configuration, available with tailwheel or optional tricycle wheeled undercarriage and frequently used as a floatplane with twin floats. The basic M-7 has a longer cabin than its predecessors the M-5 & M-6, with two seats in front, a bench seat for up to three passengers behind them, and (like the M-6) an optional third row of "kiddie seats" at the rear. Extra cabin windows can be fitted if the "kiddie seats" are to be used. The MX-7 uses the same fuselage as the M-6,which is a modified M-5 fuselage but the same wing span as the M-5, and incorporates the increased fuel tankage, Hoerner-style wingtips and five-position flaps designed for the M-7.

The M-7 family has been produced both with piston and turboprop engines.

Variants

M-7 series
M-7-235 Super Rocket
Similar to M-6-235 with lengthened cabin. Tailwheel undercarriage and Lycoming O-540 engine
M-7-235B Super Rocket
Same as M7-235 including Oleo-Strut main landing gear.
M-7-235C Orion
Same as M7-235B but with sprung aluminum main landing gear and Lycoming IO-540 engine.
M-7-260
M-7-260C
M-7-420 Starcraft Turboprop
M-7-235 with Allison 250 turboprop engine
MT-7-235 Tri-Gear
Super Rocket with tricycle undercarriage
MT-7-260

MX-7 series
MX-7 Rocket
MX-7-160 Sportplane
M-6 fuselage with M-5 wings. Lycoming O-320 engine
MX-7-180 Star Rocket
MX-7 with lengthened cabin. Optional third row of seats with windows. Lycoming O-360 engine
MX-7-180A Sportplane and Comet
MX-7-180B Star Rocket
MX-7-180C Millennium
MX-7-250 Starcraft
MX-7 with Allison 250 turboprop engine
MX-7-420 Starcraft Turboprop
MX-7-235 with Allison 250 turboprop engine
MXT-7-160 Comet
MX-7-160 with tricycle undercarriage
MXT-7-180 Star Rocket
MX-7-180 with tricycle undercarriage

Specifications (M-7-235B)

Notes

References

 
 
 
 
 
 

1980s United States civil utility aircraft
M-07
High-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1984
STOL aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Lansing Engine Plant. Lansing Engine Plant was a General Motors automotive engine plant located in Delta Township, Michigan. Constructed in 1981, it was originally constructed to create diesel counterparts of GM's gasoline engines, though, by the next year, GM had abandoned the project.  By 1987, the plant was producing the Quad-4 engine, and in 2002 the EcoTec engine, but was closed that same year.

GM sold the plant to Ashley Capital in 2005 who then leased it out to auto parts supplier Ryder Logistics.

Products 
 GM Diesel Engine: 1981-1982
 Quad-4 Engine: 1987-2002
 EcoTec Engine: 2002

References

General Motors factories
Economy of Lansing, Michigan
Motor vehicle assembly plants in Michigan
Commercial buildings completed in 1981
2002 disestablishments in Michigan
1981 establishments in Michigan
Loring R-III. 

The Loring R-III or R-3 was a 1920s Spanish two-seat sesquiplane reconnaissance and light attack aircraft designed by engineer Eduardo Barrón and built by Dr. Jorge Loring's company — Talleres Loring.

Operational history
In the mid 1920s, during General Primo de Rivera's dictatorship the R-III entered a contest along with the Potez 25 for the modernization of the Spanish Military Air Arm. Both planes had similar characteristics, but the Military Directory favoured the Loring R-III in order to promote local industries.
The Aeronáutica Militar placed an order of 110 units, which put the Loring company at the head of the Spanish aeronautical industry of the time.

In October and November 1926 three variants of the R-3 were exhibited at the Loring section of the National Aeronautics Exhibition held in Madrid's Palacio de Cristal: The R-3, the C-1 fighter and the T-1 light trainer. Neither the fighter nor the trainer variants, however, went into production.

Some R-3s remained in service well after the proclamation of the Spanish Republic until the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. It is not clear, however, whether they saw active service in the civil war.

Variants

R-3The main version with two tandem open cockpits; powered by a  Hispano-Suiza 12Hb engine.

C-1Fighter prototype based on the R-3; one built and exhibited at the Palacio de Cristal Aeronautical exhibition in 1926.

T-1Light trainer based on the R-3; one prototype built in 1926.

Operators
 (Kingdom)
Aeronáutica Militar
 (Republic)
Aeronáutica Militar

Specifications

See also

References

Further reading
 

1920s Spanish military reconnaissance aircraft
Loring aircraft
Sesquiplanes
Spanish attack aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1926
Reconnaissance aircraft
Wassmer WA-80. The Wassmer WA-80 Piranha is a French two-seat low-wing cabin monoplane trainer designed and built by Société Wassmer. Based on the same construction as the company's WA-50 four-seater, the WA-80 was a scaled down version. The prototype, registered F-WVKR, first flew in November 1975 powered by a 100 hp Rolls-Royce Continental O-200 engine. Wassmer appointed a receiver and suspended production in 1977 after 25 had been built.

Variants
WA-80 Piranha
Two-seater with a 100 hp Rolls-Royce Continental O-200-A engine, six built.
WA-81 Piranha
WA-80 fitted with an extra third rear seat, 18 built.

Specifications (WA-80)

References

Notes

Bibliography
 
 

1970s French civil trainer aircraft
Wassmer aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1975
Single-engined piston aircraft
1,2-Dichloro-4-nitrobenzene. 1,2-Dichloro-4-nitrobenzene is an organic compound with the formula 1,2-ClCH-4-NO.  This pale yellow solid is related to 1,2-dichlorobenzene by the replacement of one H atom with a nitro functional group.  This compound is an intermediate in the synthesis of agrochemicals.

Production and uses
The nitration of  1,2-dichlorobenzene mainly produces 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene, together with smaller amounts of the 3-nitro isomer. It can also be prepared by chlorination of 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene.

One of the chlorides is reactive toward nucleophiles.  Potassium fluoride gives 2-chloro-1-fluoro-4-nitrobenzene, an intermediate in the production of herbicides.  With ammonia, one obtains 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline, a precursor to diazo dyes. Reduction with iron powder gives 3,4-dichloroaniline (m.p. 72 °C, CAS# 95-76-1).

References

Nitrobenzene derivatives
Chlorobenzene derivatives
Wassmer. Wassmer was a French specialized woodworking company formed by Bernard Wassmer in 1905. It later became an aircraft manufacturer specializing in gliders. It was bought out by Issoire Aviation, a subsidiary of Siren, in 1978.

Aircraft production
The company entered into aircraft production in 1955 when it produced under licence a batch of Jodel D.112 two-seater aircraft at its factory at Issoire. The company also produced the single-seat WA-20 and two-seat WA-30 gliders. In 1959 the company produced the WA-40 Super IV a four-seat touring aircraft.

In 1972 in co-operation with Siren they formed a joint company Consortium Europeén de Réalisation et de Ventes d'Avions (CERVA) to build a metal variant of the WA4/21, itself a variant of the WA-40. The components for the Cerva CE.43 Guépard were manufactured by Siren at Argenton-sur-Creuse and final assembly, equipment fitting and flight testing was carried out by Wassmer at Issoire. The company also co-operated with the CE-75 sailplane.

In a move-away from the traditional woodworking heritage of the company it soon developed the ability to produce plastic or composite construction which led to the WA-50 series of four-seat aircraft. The company's last aircraft design was the WA-80 Piranha a two-seat trainer which was a scaled-down version of the WA-50.

With both the WA-80 and different variants of the WA-50 in production the company had working capital problems. A receiver was appointed in 1977, and production was stopped. On 1 February 1978 Issoire Aviation, a company set up by Siren, bought the assets of Wassmer and used the former Issoire factory to build gliders and to continue to support Wassmer products.

Wassmer aircraft
Jodel D.112 & D.120 (license-production)
Wassmer WA-20 Javelot
Wassmer WA-26 Squale
Wassmer WA-28 Espadon
Wassmer WA-30 Bijave
Wassmer WA-40 Super IV/Baladou/Prestige
Wassmer WA-50 Pacific/Europa/Atlantic
Wassmer WA-80 Piranha

Cerva aircraft
Cerva CE.43 Guépard
Cerva CE.44 Cougar
Cerva CE.45 Léopard
Cerva CE.75 Silene

References

Defunct aircraft manufacturers of France
 
French companies established in 1905
Nash Petrel. 

The Nash Petrel also known as the Procter Petrel is a two-seat aerobatic or glider tug aircraft. It was designed for amateur production by Procter Aircraft Associates of Camberley, Surrey, England. By the time the aircraft first flew, Procter had changed ownership and had been renamed Nash Aircraft Ltd.

Development
Based on the earlier Mitchell-Procter Kittiwake design, the Petrel is an all-metal low-wing cantilever monoplane of conventional design powered by an Avco Lycoming O-320-D2A or Avco Lycoming O-360-A3A piston engine. Only three aircraft were built, the prototype registered G-AXSF, one built by apprentices at the British Aircraft Corporation factory at Preston in 1973, registered G-BACA, and another built in 1978, registered G-BFPJ. G-BACA had a serious fault with the landing gear and only flew 15 hours before being grounded. The prototype still exists but without a current certificate of airworthiness. It is presently fitted with a Lycoming O-360-A3A engine.

Specifications

Notes

References

Roland Beaumont - Testing Years - Ian Allan published 1980

1980s British civil utility aircraft
Glider tugs
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1980
Culver Model V. The Culver Model V is a two-seat cabin monoplane designed and built by the Culver Aircraft Company.

Design and development
Based on the pre-World War II Cadet and using the wartime experience with radio-controlled aircraft the company designed a two-seat cabin monoplane. The Model V had a low-set cantilever wing with the outer panels having a pronounced dihedral. It had a tricycle retractable landing gear and an enclosed cabin with side by side seating for two. It was unique in that it had a system called Simpli-Fly Control where the aircraft was automatically trimmed for takeoff, landing and cruise, by turning a small metal wheel between the two seats and lining up two arrows with the mode of flying the aircraft. Interconnecting controls then adjusted the trim according to the arrow settings.

In 1956 the Superior Aircraft Company bought the assets of Culver and put the Model V back into production as the Superior Satellite. The main difference was the use of a 95 hp Continental engine which increased the cruise speed to 130 mph (209 km/h). Only a prototype and five production aircraft were built.

Variants
V-1
Initial production variant.
V-2
Improved variant.
Superior Satellite
1956 variant with a 95hp Continental engine.
TD4C
USN radio-controlled target version of the V-2
UC
The utility version of the TD4C, also converted to target drone as the UC-1K.

Specifications (V-1)

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links

 Photo at aerofiles.com
 "Culver Model V", August 1946, Popular Science large pull out color photo

V
1940s United States civil utility aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Target drones of the United States
Aircraft first flown in 1946
Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
NAC Freelance. The NAC-1 Freelance, originally the BN-3 Nymph, is a British four-seat touring monoplane.

Development
Designed by Desmond Norman when with Britten-Norman, the BN-3 Nymph was an all-metal high-wing braced monoplane powered by a 115 hp Lycoming O-235 engine. It was designed to allow it to be assembled in under-developed countries which would build the aircraft under a technology transfer scheme.

With the demise of the original Britten-Norman company, Norman took the design with him to his new company NDN Aircraft. NDN planned to build and sell the Nymph with a lengthened cabin as the NAC-1 Freelance. The Nymph was reworked as the prototype Freelance and first flew in that configuration on 29 September 1984. In 1985 NDN Aircraft was renamed the Norman Aircraft Company (NAC) and components and fuselage sections for six aircraft were built. Following the failure of the company to win a military order with the NDN Firecracker military trainer the company was closed down.

Specifications (BN-3)

References

External links

 Photo of the sole Norman NAC-2 Freelance 180

1960s British civil utility aircraft
BN-3 Nymph
Freelance
Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1969