omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Dorothy Hatfield. Dorothy Helen Hatfield OBE FRAeS née McRither (January 1940 – 16 April 2024), aeronautical engineer, was in 1956 the first female engineering apprentice at Vickers-Armstrongs (Aircraft), Brooklands. She became President of the Women's Engineering Society and was instrumental in setting up the Daphne Jackson Trust and the Lady Finniston Award for first year female engineering students. Hatfield was appointed an OBE for services to engineering in the 2014 Birthday Honours.

Life and career 

Hatfield left school at 16 and successfully applied to be an engineering apprentice at Vickers-Armstrongs (Aircraft) Ltd, Brooklands, the first woman to do so. After six years she graduated with a first class honours degree in aeronautical engineering.

Hatfield returned to work after a career break to work in the flight simulation industry. She joined the Women's Engineering Society in 1962 and was its president from 1989 to 1991. She became a Fellow of the Royal Aeronautical Society in 1996.

Recognition 
For her work with the Women's Engineering Society, Hatfield was awarded the Isabel Hardwich Medal in 2007.

See also 
Janet Gulland became the first female graduate apprentice at Vickers-Armstrongs in 1958.

References

Further reading 
https://electrifyingwomen.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/56/2020/05/Dorothy-Hatfield-BIO.pdf

1940 births
2024 deaths
Aeronautical engineers
British women engineers
Presidents of the Women's Engineering Society
Fellows of the Royal Aeronautical Society
Officers of the Order of the British Empire
20th-century British women engineers
Women's Engineering Society
Muriel Glauert. Muriel Glauert (née Barker) (7 May 1892 – 23 December 1949) was a British mathematician who made significant contributions to early advances in aerodynamics.

Early life and education 
Muriel Barker was born in Nottingham, the daughter of a textile manufacturer, and attended Nottingham Girls' High School, where she won prizes for her achievements in German, maths and chemistry. She attended Newnham College, Cambridge, from 1912 to 1915 and completed the mathematical tripos, although this was awarded by London University, as Cambridge was yet to award degrees to women.

Career at the Royal Aircraft Establishment 
Barker taught in Liverpool before joining the Royal Aircraft Establishment (RAE) in Farnborough in 1918 as a researcher. Her first publication in her early career at Farnborough was on theoretical streamlines for the flow over an aerofoil. In 1919 she went to study at Bryn Mawr for a year and then undertook postgraduate studies in aeronautics at Cambridge. In August 1922 she published her paper 'On the use of very small pitot-tubes for measuring wind velocity' in the Proceedings of the Royal Society. A pitot tube is a slender tube with two holes used to calculate speed through the air or water, used by both ships and aeroplanes. Barker was the first researcher to demonstrate that the difference between the pitot tube's reading and the static pressure is proportional to the flow speed rather than to its square. In the same year she returned to the RAE, and became engaged to, and later married, the aerodynamicist Hermann Glauert, Principal Scientific Officer at the RAE.

Later career 
After her husband was killed in an accident in 1934, Barker later became Examiner in Mathematics for the London and Cambridge and Joint Northern Universities. In 1940 she published a final academic paper, which looked at the capture of raindrops by a cylinder and an aerofoil moving at uniform speed, a problem of ongoing concern due to ice formation, for example, on aeroplane wings in flight.

Personal life 
Barker was married to Hermann Glauert, who died in 1934. They had three children: Michael, and twins Audrey and Richard. Muriel Glauert died in 1949 and was buried alongside her husband.

References 

1892 births
1949 deaths
British women engineers
People educated at Nottingham Girls' High School
Scientists from Nottingham
Alumni of Newnham College, Cambridge
Bryn Mawr College alumni
20th-century British women engineers
20th-century English mathematicians
20th-century British engineers
Broflanilide. Broflanilide is a complex, polycyclic, organohalogen insecticide which provides a novel mode of action (MoA).

Mode of action
Upon its discovery by Mitsui Chemicals, Insecticide Resistance Action Committee (IRAC) created the new MoA Group 30 for Broflanilide. Broflanilide is a meta-diamide GABA-gated Cl channel allosteric modulator. This - along with isoxazolines providing the same MoA, so far only fluxametamide - constitute the new MoA Group 30 in the IRAC classification scheme.

Advantages
No cross-resistance with existing MoAs.
Shows high effectiveness against wireworms.
Not systemic.

Environmental Hazards
The EPA has stated that Broflanilide is "Likely to be Carcinogenic to Humans".

Broflanilide meets the EPA Working Definition of PFAS. Note that "EPA considers any level of PFAS to be potentially toxicologically significant".

Products
Products were registered in the United States in January, 2021, and in Canada. It is being sold under the brand names Cimegra (BASF) and Teraxxa (BASF, the seed treatment form).

References

Insecticides
Benzamides
Trifluoromethyl compounds
Bromobenzene derivatives
Fluorobenzene derivatives
Mine A.P. Improvised Type II. The Mine A.P. Improvised Type II is a British Anti-personnel mine of World War II

Design

Parts
The mine is a wooden box with a lid. The box can be divided into two half with one half contain the pressure switch with its pressure head that triggers the mine put between two wooden block the one on top smaller than the one below. The other half contains the detonator and gunpowder primer and Nobel 808 explosive charge surrounding the primer.

Detonation process
Pressure on the mine forces down the pressure head which then frees the striker which impacts the detonator which detonates the primer exploding the main Nobel 808 explosive charge.

Arming and disarming
To arm the mine just put in place the pressure switch head and put a wooden block on top of it then put the lid back on the mine. To disarm just remove the pressure switch head.

History
This mine just like the Mine A.P. Improvised Type I was designed and highly manufactured by the 38th field park company Royal engineers. The high quantity likely means again they must have seen significant use.

See also
 Mine diagram

References

Anti-personnel mines
Giulia Grancini. Giulia Grancini (born May 5, 1984) is an Italian physicist who is a Professor of Chemistry at the University of Pavia. Her work considers new materials for photovoltaic devices, including perovskites and polymer-based materials. In 2020, Grancini was named the Royal Society of Chemistry Journal of Materials Chemistry Lecturer.

Early life and education 
Grancini was born in Pavia. She attended the Polytechnic University of Milan. During her doctorate degree she spent one year at the University of Oxford, where she investigated polymer solar cells. Grancini returned to Italy, where she worked as a postdoctoral researcher at the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia. She spent a year as a visiting researcher at the University of Utah working on the physics of hybrid materials with Zeev Vardeny.

Research and career 
Grancini investigates the interfaces of optoelectronic devices, including organic and organic-inorganic perovskites. She moved to the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) in 2015, where she was awarded a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Fellowship to join the research group of Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin. At EPFL she established her own independent research group looking at novel materials for photovoltaics. She was awarded a Swiss National Science Foundation Ambizione Energy grant to study multi-dimensional interfaces for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells. She has pioneered hybrid two- and three-dimensional perovskite systems, which can demonstrate high stability and impressive performance in photovoltaic devices. Grancini makes use of ultra-fast spectroscopies to study the dynamics of the photoexcited states of perovskite materials.

In 2018, Grancini was awarded a European Research Council Starting Grant. Her proposal, HYbrid NANOstructured multi-functional interfaces for stable, efficient and eco-friendly photovoltaic devices, looks to realise environmentally friendly perovskites and metal-organic frameworks. She was appointed to the faculty at the University of Pavia in 2019, where she leads the PVsquared2 team.

Awards and honours 
 2015 Edison Company & Alessandro Volta Foundation National Award for Physics
 2017 International Union of Pure and Applied Physics Young Scientist Prize in Optics
 2019 Elected Vice Chair Selection Committee of the Young Academy of Europe
 2019 Swiss Physical Society Award in Applied Physics
 2020 USERN Ambassador for Italy
 2020 Royal Society of Chemistry Journal of Materials Chemistry Lectureship
 2020 100 Donne nella Scienza Contro gli Stereotipi

Selected publications

References 

Italian physical chemists
Academic staff of the University of Pavia
Polytechnic University of Milan alumni
Academic staff of the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
People from Pavia
Italian women physicists
21st-century Italian  physicists
21st-century Italian women scientists
1984 births
Living people
Recipients of the IUPAP Early Career Scientist Prize
Vir Phoha. Vir Virander Phoha is a professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Syracuse University College of Engineering and Computer Science.

Phoha is known for developing practicable foundations of behavioral biometrics for active and continuous authentication. His research focuses on attack-averse authentication, spoof-resistance, anomaly detection, machine learning, optimized attack formulation, and spatial-temporal pattern detection and event recognition. Phoha's work also provides protection for many classified information systems and his inventions have resulted in the widespread commercial use of active authentication biometric methods.

Education
Phoha earned his MSc in Mathematical statistics at Kurukshetra University in Kurukshetra, India. He came to the United States in 1988 as a graduate student at Texas Tech University, where he worked under William J. B. Oldham. His 1992 PhD thesis was titled "Self-repair and adaptation in collective and parallel computational networks".

Career
Phoha began his career as professor of computer science at the University of Central Texas, now the Texas A&M University–Central Texas and was a faculty at Northeastern State University in Tahlequah, Oklahoma. Later, he was a professor of computer science and the director of the Center for Secure Cyberspace at Louisiana Tech University in Ruston, Louisiana. In 2015, Phoha was appointed professor of electrical engineering and computer science in the L.C. Smith College of Engineering and Computer Science at Syracuse University.

Phoha has published 250 papers and six books on security related topics and holds 14 U.S. patents in behavioral authentication.

Phoha serves as an associate editor for Digital Threats: Research and Practice and Transactions on Computational Social Systems journals.

Awards
In 2008, Phoha was selected as a distinguished scientist by the Association for Computing Machinery.

In 2017, Phoha was awarded the IEEE Region 1 Technological Innovation in Academia Award for his contributions to authentication using behavioral biometrics. He is also a fellow of Society for Design and Process Science (SDPS).

In 2018 He was elected as Fellow at the American Association for the Advancement of Science. 

In 2020, Phoha was elected as a National Academy of Inventors fellow.

In 2022, he was named IEEE Fellow.

References

External links
Official Website

20th-century Indian engineers
Year of birth missing (living people)
American computer scientists
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Indian emigrants to the United States
Living people
Texas Tech University alumni
Texas A&M University faculty
Northeastern State University faculty
Louisiana Tech University faculty
Syracuse University faculty
Fellows of the National Academy of Inventors
Henri Béghin. Henri Béghin (16 September 1876 – 22 February 1969) was a French professor of mathematical and applied mechanics.

Béghin's was born in Lille where his father was an engineer trained at the École Polytechnique who was involved in founding the Northern Railway Company. Béghin went to the École normale supérieure (1894-1897), where his contemporaries included Paul Montel, Henri Lebesgue, Paul Langevin, and Charles Péguy. He became a chair of applied mechanics at the University of Lille in 1924. He trained students of the Naval Academy from 1899 to 1921. His work included studies to develop a high precision gyro-compass and a gyro-stabilized sextant for use with ship-mounted guns. He became a professor at Paris and 1929. His textbook on exercises in mechanics published in 1930 was very influential.

References 

1876 births
1969 deaths
20th-century French engineers
Scientists from Lille
Françoise Winnik. Françoise Winnik (2 March 1952 – 13 February 2021) was a French-born Canadian chemical researcher and professor. She was awarded the  in 2015.

Winnink was born and raised in France, where she earned her undergraduate degree in chemical engineering at the National School of Chemistry in Mulhouse, in 1973. She finished her master's degree and PhD in Toronto, Canada in 1974 and 1979 respectively. She later became associate professor at the University of Montreal. the chemistry and physics departments at McMaster University in Canada. In 2018, she moved to Finland and worked at the University of Helsinki. She was elected Foreign Member of The Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters in 2013.

Winnik died in her hometown Helsinki on 13 February 2021.

Publications 
 2001. S. Mansouri, Y. Mehri, F. M. Winnik, M. Tabrizian. « Investigation of the layer-by-layer assembly onto fully functional human red blood cells in suspension for attenuated immune response », dans Biomacromolecules, 2001, 12, pp. 585–592.
 2010. V. A. Kryuchkov. J. C. Daigle, K. M. Skupov, J. Claverie, F. M. Winnik. « Amphiphilic polyethylenes leading to surfactant-free thermoresponsive nanoparticles », dans Journal of American Chemistry Society, 2010, 133(44), pp. 15573–15579.

Awards 
2015 : Lauréate du prix Acfas Urgel-Archambault

References

1952 births
2021 deaths
French academics
French women academics
Academic staff of the University of Helsinki
Canadian women academics
Scientists from Mulhouse
Academic staff of McMaster University
Canadian expatriates in Finland
French expatriates in Finland
Heat pump (disambiguation). A heat pump is a device used to warm and sometimes also cool buildings by transferring thermal energy.

Types of heat pumps used for buildings include:
Air source heat pump
Exhaust air heat pump
Ground source heat pump (or geothermal heat pump)
Solar-assisted heat pump

Home appliances that incorporate heat pumps, or work on similar principals, include:
Air conditioner
Dehumidifier
Refrigerator

Heat pump may also refer to:
Absorption heat pump
Absorption-compression heat pump
Direct exchange geothermal heat pump
Heat pump and refrigeration cycle
Hot air engine

See also

District heating
Drammen Heat Pump
Magnetic refrigeration
Stirling engine
Thermoacoustic heat engine
Thermoelectric cooling (or Peltier heat pump)
Vortex tube

Heat pumps
Energy technology
Energy conversion
William Hemingway Mills. William Hemingway Mills (1834-1918) was a British civil engineer known for his work with the Great Northern Railway of Ireland (GNR(I)) from its formation in 1876 until his retirement in 1910.

Life
Mills was born in Yorkshire, England in 1834.

He came under the instruction of the William Henry Barlow from 1850.  Mills undertook work in Scotland, Andalusia and Mexico before becoming Chief Engineer of the GNR(I) from its formation in 1876.

Mills was to introduce a polychromatic brick style to many buildings in his designs for the GNR(I).

He was to work at the GNR(I) until his retirement in 1910 in his mid–70s.  Mills died at his home in Glenageary, County Dublin on 12 January 1918, aged  83.

Literary works

Further reading

References

Notes

Footnotes

Sources
 
 

1834 births
1918 deaths
English civil engineers
Engineers from Yorkshire
Great Northern Railway (Ireland)
South African Boilermakers' Society. The South African Boilermakers', Iron and Steel Workers', Shipbuilders' and Welders' Society (SABS) was a trade union representing metalworkers and shipbuilders in South Africa.

History
The union was established in 1916.  Many of its founding members were recent emigrants from England and had held membership of the United Society of Boilermakers, including founding president George Brown, and Ben Caddy, who was general secretary from 1920 to 1950.

The union was successively affiliated to the South African Industrial Federation, the South African Trades Union Council, and the South African Trades and Labour Council.  In the 1950s, it played a leading role in the Trade Union Unity Committee, which opposed compulsory splitting of trade unions on racial grounds.  It then joined the Trade Union Council of South Africa (TUCSA), and although it disaffiliated in 1977, it rejoined in 1980.  By then, it had 18,400 members, and it received permission to admit black workers.  As a result, its membership reached 45,000 by the end of 1981.

In 1983, the union again resigned from TUCSA, in protest at the way it favoured the struggles of white workers.  Many other unions followed its lead, and TUCSA had to dissolve in 1986.  In 1990, it absorbed the South African Engine Drivers', Firemen's and Operators' Association.  In 1991, it was a founding affiliate of the Federation of Independent Trade Unions.  On 1 August 1995, it merged with the Amalgamated Engineering Union of South Africa, the Engineering, Industrial and Mining Workers' Union, and the Iron Moulders' Society of South Africa, to form the National Employees' Trade Union.

General Secretaries
1920: Ben Caddy
1950:
1954: Tom Murray
1975: Ike van der Walt

References

Metal trade unions
Trade unions established in 1916
Trade unions disestablished in 1995
Trade unions in South Africa
2021 South Sudan Supreme Airlines Let L-410 crash. On 2 March 2021, a Let L-410 Turbolet of South Sudan Supreme Airlines crashed in Pieri, Uror County, South Sudan on a domestic flight to Yuai Airstrip, South Sudan.

Aircraft

The accident aircraft was a Let L-410 UVP-E, with the fake registration of HK-4274. The plane was the 1000th L-410 built and had previously been owned by Aeroflot, Universal-Avia, Business Aviation Center and Forty Eight Aviation. It was sold to South Sudan Supreme Airlines in 2017.

Accident
The aircraft crashed immediately after taking off from Pieri Airstrip, South Sudan on a domestic scheduled passenger flight. 
There were 8 passengers, plus two crew on board. The South Sudan Civil Aviation Authority, who are investigating the accident, announced that the flight suffered from an engine failure about ten minutes after takeoff. The flight then attempted to turn back to land, but the other engine then failed, causing the plane to lose speed and crash with little forward motion, after likely stalling.

Investigation 
The South Sudan Civil Aviation Authority investigated the crash. According to director Kur Kuol, their initial finding suggested the crash was due to engine failure.

References

External links 

Aviation accidents and incidents in 2021
Aviation accidents and incidents in South Sudan
Accidents and incidents involving the Let L-410 Turbolet
2021 in South Sudan
March 2021 in South Sudan
Samuel J. Scott. Samuel J. Scott (August 26, 1938 – March 5, 2021) was an American engineer. He was among the first four Black engineers at NASA's Langley Research Center in 1962, after graduating from the University of Pittsburgh's aeronautical engineering program and served as Assistant Director for structures at Langley. He later served as the president of the National Technical Association, served as the chief engineer for the city of Newport News, Virginia, and the Newport Redeployment and Housing Authority, and a senior manager at Newport News Shipbuilding.

NASA 

After graduation, "he was hired sight unseen" by Langley based on his qualifications and Scott remarked in an interview that "one of the guys in the branch said 'I didn't know he was Black'" when he first arrived at Langley. Among others, he worked with Katherine Johnson and Mary Jackson.

Personal life 

He was the last full-time life guard at the historically black, segregated Bay Shore Beach.

He died March 5, 2021, in Hampton, Virginia, after a sudden illness. He was survived by his wife Ann Carol Scott, and their four children.

References 

1938 births
2021 deaths
Engineers from Virginia
NASA people
Langley Research Center
University of Pittsburgh alumni
African-American engineers
20th-century African-American people
21st-century African-American people
Nanda Khare. Anant Yashwant Khare (1946 – 22 July 2022) was an Indian writer and a civil engineer. He wrote on scientific, sociological and economic subjects in the Marathi language. He published around twenty-five books, including a novel titled , published in 2014 which is recognised one of the prominent writings in Marathi literature.

Personal life and career 
Khare was born in 1946 in Nagpur, British India. He obtained his education from New English School and Saraswati Vidyalaya in Maharashtra. He later obtained engineering degree in 1967 from Indian Institute of Technology Bombay. Born to  Yashwant Anant Khare and Sumati Khare, his father established a prominent company named Khare & Tarkunde Infrastructure. Prior to writing, he worked as a partner and managing director at Khare and Tarkunde company. In 2001, he retired  from the company. Prior to his retirement, he was involved in political, economic, and with construction industry. Between 1981 and 1992, he was associated with Marathi Vidnyan Parishad, a learning centre focused on science. From 1998 to 2017, he worked at Aajacha Sudharak (आजचा सुधारक) and served on editorial board for publications until he was promoted to the editor-in-chief.

His work includes novels, translations, and autobiographies. His prominent publications include Antajichi Bakhar, Kahani Manavpranyachi, Jeevotpatti... Aani Nantar, Bakhar Antakalachi, Waarulpuraan, 2050, and Samprati among others. His autobiography titled Evaji was published in 2011 which is recognised one of his prominent writings.

He was initially associated with building constructions in Vidarbha. He started his literary career during his civil engineering career, however after retiring from the service, he started writing books.

In March 2021, his novel Udya was selected for Sahitya Akademi Award in Marathi, however he declined to accept it citing "entirely a personal reason". His novel Udya consists of a futuristic analysis of the digital revolution that primarily revolves around human life controlled by machines. He died at his son's home in Pune on 22 July 2022 at the age of 76.

References 

1946 births
2022 deaths
IIT Bombay alumni
Writers from Nagpur
Marathi-language writers
21st-century Indian male writers
Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Marathi