omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Array Network Facility. The Array Network Facility component of the EarthScope USArray project was charged with ensuring all the real time seismic data collected from the Transportable Array and Flexible Arrays were transmitted, checked for quality, archived, and accessible online for researchers and the general public. The facility was part of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego. The principal investigator of the ANF was Dr. Frank Vernon.

The facility developed a series of online tools to allow researchers and the general public to interact with data collected from over four hundred broadband seismic stations across the United States. These four hundred stations made up the Transportable Array component of the EarthScope USArray project. Analysts reviewed automated event detections and produce event bulletins including seismic phase picks which were distributed through the IRIS DMC.

The ANF component of the USArray experiment was funded by the National Science Foundation.

External links
 ANF website
 Real-time view of the deployed stations in the USArray
 Status of the dataloggers located at each station in the USArray Transportable Array (TA)
 Scripps Institution of Oceanography 
 EarthScope website
 UCSD website

Sources
 USArray Array Network Facility (ANF): Metadata, Network and Data Monitoring, and Quality Assurance During the First Year of Operations (2004)
 The Earthscope USArray Array Network Facility (ANF): Metadata, Network and Data Monitoring, Quality Assurance During the Second Year of Operations (2005)
 The EarthScope USArray Array Network Facility (ANF): Metadata, Network and Data Monitoring, Quality Assurance During the Third Year of Operations (2006)
 Real-time operation of the NSF EarthScope USArray Transportable Array (2007)
 The Earthscope USArray Array Network Facility (ANF): Metadata, Network and Data Monitoring, Quality Assurance as We Start to Roll (2008)
 Data Latency Characteristics Observed Through Diverse Communication Links by the EarthScope USArray Transportable Array (2008)
 The EarthScope Array Network Facility: application-driven low-latency web-based tools for accessing high-resolution multi-channel waveform data (2008)

Seismological observatories, organisations and projects
Alfred Maul. Alfred Maul (1870–1942) was a German engineer who could be thought of as the father of aerial reconnaissance. Maul, who owned a machine works, experimented from 1900 with small solid-propellant sounding rockets.

Background
Although people had long been experimenting with rockets, hardly anyone had used them in a practical application. It was Alfred Maul, an industrialist and engineer born in Pößneck, in the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen, that thought of, and implemented, the idea of taking photographs of the land with a rocket-attached camera. He was inspired by Ludwig Rahrmann, who in 1891 patented a means of attaching a camera to a large calibre artillery projectile or rocket. Previously, aerial photographs had been taken from balloons and kites, and in 1896 or 1897 by Alfred Nobel's rocket, from a small rocket at 100 metres altitude. In 1903 Julius Neubronner's pigeons were used to take aerial photos but found to be too unreliable.

Camera rocket development
In 1903, Alfred Maul patented his Maul Camera Rocket. The camera would be launched into the air with a black powder rocket. When the rocket had reached an altitude of about 600 to 800 meters, a few seconds later, its top would spring open and the camera would descend on a parachute. A timer would trigger the taking of the photograph.

In 1904, Maul managed to image the local landscape from a 600-metre altitude.

A military application for Maul's technique was intended and, on 22 August 1906, a secret demonstration occurred before military observers at the Glauschnitz firing range. Maul developed his camera rocket further for the purpose of military reconnaissance. He began attaching gyroscopic-stabilized plate cameras in 1907.

In 1912, his rocket cameras were using a 20 by 25 centimetre photographic plate and gyroscopic steering to ensure stable flight and sharper images. The rocket weighed 41 kilograms.

Aeroplanes take over
Maul's rockets achieved no military significance because conventional aeroplanes during World War I succeeded in the role of aerial reconnaissance. The Deutsches Museum in Munich displays a Maul-built rocket.

References

External links
 

1870 births
1941 deaths
People from Pößneck
People from Saxe-Meiningen
German aerospace engineers
Photographers from Thuringia
Aerial photographers
Aerial reconnaissance pioneers
Engineers from Thuringia
Mechanical Royalty. Mechanical Royalty is a limited edition EP released by the Canadian musician Spookey Ruben in 2008. A full length LP was released with the help of Sonic Unyon in 2009. Though the track-listing differs between the LP and the EP, all but one song from the EP remain ("Eyes Can See"). The album is described as a 'concept album about a kingdom of robots who are attacked by the humans who originally created them because they possess a magnetic force that keeps harmony in society that the humans want back for themselves.'

Track listing (LP) 
 "Cat & Mouse" – 1:52
 "Rachel" – 2:56
 "Just Another Way" – 3:08
 "If You Don't Wanna Know" – 3:25
 "U Don't Know What You're Missing" – 3:15
 "American Processed Cheese" – 2:21
 "Eyes of Man" – 4:18
 "Mechanical Royalty" – 15:21
 Agent Steel
 Attack at Krankshaft Castle
 And Thus He Rusts (King's Lament)
 The Quirks of Queen of Quartz and Quarks
 Don Silicon
 Secrets in the Motherboard
 Triumph on Magnetic Hill 
 "Superpoke" – 4:29
 "Testimony" – 4:25

Review 

The music site sceneandheard.ca gave the Mechanical Royalty EP a favorable review, stating, "The overall feel of the album is, as always, techno (blips dot the album as do other computerized treatments), with a distinct retro feel that may be off-putting to some. But if you give it a chance (three or four solid spins) you start to appreciate the crafty tune-smithing and zany approach to music Spooky [sic] is known for during his decade-plus career"

A review by Antimusic states, "Mechanical Royalty (a pun, alluding not only to the album cover and storyline of the title track, but also to a music business term) is an intense 70s/80s rollercoaster ride, but its Spookey's point of view that makes it feel inviting and brand new, consistently dishing up his excitement for music in his own special heartfelt way."

Production 
 Written and Produced by Spookey Ruben
 Co-produced by Carson Cohen, Gene Hughes, Chris Fudurich & Ed Krautner

References

External links 
 Hi-Hat's Website

2008 albums
Spookey Ruben albums
Undergraduate Ambassadors Scheme. The Undergraduate Ambassadors Scheme (UAS) is a program in the United Kingdom devised to encourage students enrolled in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) programs to enter teaching by awarding them with degree course credits.

History
Noting the declining enrollment in STEM subjects at UK universities, a team including author Simon Singh devised the idea with three aims:
 to encourage undergraduates in those fields to go into teaching,
 to support teachers and
 to provide role models for school students who might otherwise never meet a young person who had chosen to study a STEM subject.

UAS was set up to provide a structure to get undergraduates into the classroom, based on a model pioneered at Imperial College London, but adding the incentive of academic credit for program participants.

After receiving approval to pilot UAS from the University of Surrey, Singh backed a launch of the program with his own money, with the assistance of Ravi Kapur and others. Student interest in the program was high. Singh indicated that in the pilot year of the program 10 of 13 math undergraduates who participate at the University of Southampton subsequently entered teacher training. By the midpoint of its second year, in February 2004, the program was being described by the Times Educational Supplement (TES) as a success, with nine universities onboard and an additional 30 expressing interest. In October 2005, Singh wrote in The Guardian that UAS was established in "over 50 university departments, mainly mathematics, science and engineering, with more coming on board each year." In the 2007–2008 academic year, involvement had risen to 107 university departments, with 750 undergraduate participants.

Function
According to TES, undergraduates involved first participate in a one-day program to give them basic information on instructing students in math and science. After this training, they observe a local classroom and then put together a project for the students in a class. The UAS website indicates that the program, available in the last two years of a student's undergraduate career, carries ten to 30 credits for ten weeks of work in the classroom alongside the classroom's regular teacher, who helps evaluate the undergraduate's performance.

References

External links
Official site

Education enrollment
Engineering education in the United Kingdom
Higher education organisations based in the United Kingdom
Mathematics education in the United Kingdom
Science education in the United Kingdom
Teacher training programs
Teaching in the United Kingdom
University of Surrey
Motorola W233. The W233 Renew is a mobile phone designed and released in 2009 by Motorola. The phone was made available through distribution by T-Mobile USA and Fido Solutions. It also marketed in Mexico by Telcel and Venezuela by Movilnet

Motorola claims it is the world's first mobile phone made using post-consumer recycled plastic; in this instance, recycled water bottles. The W233 Renew is also claimed as the world's first carbon neutral phone. Announced at CES on January 6, 2009, its plastic housing is also 100 percent recyclable.

Affiliates 

Through an alliance with Carbonfund.org, Motorola claims to have offset the carbon dioxide required to manufacture, distribute and operate the W233 Renew via investments in renewable energy sources and reforestation. After assessing its product lifecycle, the W233 earned Carbonfund.org's CarbonFree Product Certification.

Recycling 

The focus on use of natural resources extended to the packaging, which was reduced by 22 percent during design. All materials inside the box were printed using vegetable-based inks on 100 percent post-consumer recycled paper. A postage-paid recycling envelope was also included, so consumers could mail in their old phone for recycling at no extra cost.

Features 

The W233 Renew is an entry-level dual-band GSM phone, with a 128 x 128 pixel color display, a WAP browser, and support for 2GB of additional memory. It is not equipped with a camera. The phone's battery can handle talk time up to 9 hours (550 minutes) or standby for up to 18 days (450 hours).

The W233 Renew has a music player capable of handling MP3 files.

The phone uses CrystalTalk technology, which uses sound enhancement algorithms embedded within digital signal processor chips that claim to enhance clarity and quality with both speaker and articulation.

References

External links
Motorola official mobile phone website
T-Mobile W233 webpage
CNET: video review of W233
Photo gallery of W233 at Mobile World Congress 09

W233
Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing. Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal and an official publication of the International Federation of Medical and Biological Engineering. It is published by Springer Science+Business Media. It covers research in biomedical engineering and bioengineering. It was established as a bimonthly publication in 1963 under the title Medical Electronics & Biological Engineering. It publishes original research articles, reviews, and technical notes.

References

External links 
 
 11th Mediterranean Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing – the MEDICON 2007 - 
 The 12th Mediterranean Conference on Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing – MEDICON 2010 - 
 International Congress of students and young doctors (bio)medicine in Bosnia and Herzegovina "Medicon" - 
 Systems Medicine for the Delivery of Better Healthcare Services – MEDICON 2016 - 
 2017 MEDICON conference in Croatia - 

English-language journals
Academic journals established in 1963
Springer Science+Business Media academic journals
Biomedical informatics journals
Monthly journals
Debus–Radziszewski imidazole synthesis. The Debus–Radziszewski imidazole synthesis is a multi-component reaction used for the synthesis of imidazoles from a 1,2-dicarbonyl, an aldehyde, and ammonia or a primary amine. The method is used commercially to produce several imidazoles.  The process is an example of a multicomponent reaction.

The reaction can be viewed as occurring in two stages.  In the first stage, the dicarbonyl and two ammonia molecules condense with the two carbonyl groups to give a diimine:

In the second stage, this diimine condenses with the aldehyde:

However, the actual reaction mechanism is not certain.

This reaction is named after Heinrich Debus and .

A modification of this general method, where one equivalent of ammonia is replaced by an amine, affords N-substituted imidazoles in good yields.

This reaction has been applied to the synthesis of a range of 1,3-dialkylimidazolium ionic liquids by using various readily available alkylamines.

References

Nitrogen heterocycle forming reactions
Name reactions
Multicomponent ring-condensations
Journal of Materials Science. The Journal of Materials Science is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of materials science. It was established in 1966 by Robert W. Cahn and is published by Springer Science+Business Media. The journal incorporated Journal of Materials Science Letters in 2003 and Interface Science in 2004. The Editor-in-Chief is C. Barry Carter (University of Connecticut).

In 2012, the journal announced an annual "Cahn Prize" for best paper published in the journal, in honor of its founding editor.
In 2021, the journal announced a similar annual "Bonfield Prize" for best review paper published in the journal, in honor of a former Editor-in-Chief, William Bonfield. There are two more specialized sister journals, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine and Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics.

Abstracting and indexing
The journal is abstracted and indexed in:

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 4.220, ranking it 82nd out of 293 journals in the category "Materials Science, Multidisciplinary".

See also
Journal of Materials Science Letters

References

External links

English-language journals
Academic journals established in 1966
Springer Science+Business Media academic journals
Materials science journals
Biweekly journals
International Journal of Fracture. The International Journal of Fracture is a scientific journal focused on fracture in materials science. Founded in 1965, it is published by Springer. The journal publishes original analytical, numerical and experimental contributions which provide improved understanding of the mechanisms of micro and macro fracture in all materials, and their engineering implications. The journal has an impact factor of 2.175 (2017).

References

External links 
Official Website
Springer Science+Business Media
SpringerLink.com

English-language journals
Engineering journals
Academic journals established in 1965
Springer Science+Business Media academic journals
Computational Mechanics (journal). Computational Mechanics is a monthly scientific journal focused on computational mechanics. It is published by Springer and was founded in 1986. The journal reports original research in computational mechanics. It focuses on areas that involve the rational application of mechanics, mathematics, and numerical methods in the practice of modern engineering.

Areas covered include solid and structural mechanics, multi-body system dynamics, constitutive modeling, inelastic and finite deformation response, and structural control. The journal also covers fluid mechanics and fluid-structure interactions, biomechanics, free-surface and two-fluid flows, aerodynamics, fracture mechanics and structural integrity, multi-scale mechanics, particle and meshfree methods, transport phenomena, and heat transfer. Lastly, the journal publishes modern variational methods in mechanics in general.

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 4.014.

References

External links 
 

English-language journals
Engineering journals
Computer science journals
Academic journals established in 1986
Springer Science+Business Media academic journals
Momentum curtain. Discovered by British engineer Christopher Cockerell, the momentum curtain is a unique and efficient way to reduce friction between a vehicle and its surface of travel, be it water or land, by levitating the vehicle above this surface via a cushion of air. It is this principle of levitation upon which a hovercraft is based, and Christopher Cockerell set about applying his momentum curtain theory to hovercraft to increase their abilities in overcoming friction in travel.

Levitating a vehicle above the ground/water to reduce its drag was not a new concept. John Thornycroft, in 1877, discovered that trapping air beneath a ship's hull, or pumping air beneath it with bellows, decreased the effects of friction upon the hull thereby increasing the ship's top attainable speeds. However, technology at the time was insufficient for Thornycroft's ideas to be developed further. 

Cockerell used the idea of pumped air under a hull (this then becoming a plenum, i.e. the opposite of a vacuum) and improved upon it further. Simply pumping air between a hull and the ground wasted a lot of energy in terms of leakage of air around the edges of the hull. Cockerell discovered that by means of generating a wall (curtain) of high-speed downward-directed air around the edges of a hull, that less air leaked out from the sides (due to the momentum of the high-speed air molecules), and thus a greater pressure could be attained beneath the hull. So, with the same input power, a greater amount of lift could be developed, and the hull could be lifted higher above the surface, reducing friction and increasing clearance. This theory was tried, tested and developed throughout the 1950s and 1960s until it was finally realised in full-scale in the SR-N1 hovercraft.

References

Classical mechanics
SIPA S.90. The SIPA S.90 was a French-built two-seat light touring and training aircraft of the 1940s and 1950s.

Design
The SIPA S.90 was designed by Yves Gardan for the Société Industrielle Pour l’Aéronautique (SIPA). The prototype first flew on 15 May 1947, winning a French government competition for a new light two-seat aircraft for operation by the French aero clubs.

The initial production S.90 was a low-wing aircraft with fixed tailwheel undercarriage and side-by-side seating for two. It was powered by a  Mathis G4F engine. Four examples were built.

Production and service
100 aircraft were ordered by the French government, on behalf of the aeroclubs, and these were powered by the  Minie 4DC engine as the SIPA S.901. The first made its initial flight on 25 June 1948. Deliveries were completed in the early 1950s. Various engines were later installed in the S.901, giving rise to new model numbers.

In later years, the S.90 series readily found buyers in the secondhand market and examples have flown with private owners in Belgium, Germany, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Nine further aircraft were built later with plywood covering in lieu of fabric, receiving new designations. In 2001, 15 examples remained airworthy in France, Switzerland and the UK.

Total production of all models was 113 aircraft.

Variants

 
The following variants were produced:
S.90
4 aircraft with  Mathis G4F engine
S.901
100 aircraft with  Minié 4.DC.32  engine. Most were re-engined as follows.
S.902
S.901 with  Continental C85-12F engine
S.903
S.901 with  Continental C90-14F engine
S.904
S.901 with  Salmson 5AQ-01 engine
S.91
2 new aircraft as S.902 but with plywood-covered fuselage and wings
S.92
1 new aircraft as S.91 with  Mathis 4GB-62 engine
S.93
1 new aircraft as S.91 with  Salmson 5AQ-01 engine
S.94
5 new aircraft as S.91 with  Continental C90-8F engine

Specifications (SIPA S.902)

References

Notes

Bibliography

S0090
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
1940s French sport aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1947
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
ICME. ICME may refer to:

 Integrated computational materials engineering, a product design technique
 Institute of Cast Metals Engineers, a British professional engineering institution
 International Congress on Mathematical Education, held every four years under the auspices of the International Commission on Mathematical Instruction
 Interplanetary coronal mass ejection, disturbance from Sun's corona that launches electromagnetic waves and accelerating particles
 International Conference on Materials Engineering
 İçme, Elâzığ
John D. Fay. John Doane Fay (April 20, 1815 in Northampton, then Montgomery Co., now in Fulton County, New York – June 6, 1895 in Rochester, Monroe County, New York) was an American civil engineer and politician from New York

Life
He was educated at Lowville, New York. On May 6, 1839, he married Caroline M. Saxton, and they had one child. Caroline Fay died on October 11, 1841.

Fay participated with Stephen Clark in re-constructing the Long Bridge over the Potomac, and was a Resident Engineer on the New York State canals from 1841 to 1849. On October 23, 1845, he married Maria Lydia Noble (b. April 24, 1824), and they had eight children.

In 1850, Fay and Orville W. Childs were sent to Nicaragua by Cornelius Vanderbilt to make a survey for the proposed Nicaragua canal. He was Division Engineer of the Western Division of the State Canals from 1852 to 1853, from 1856 to 1860, and from 1874 to 1875.

In 1853, he ran for New York State Engineer and Surveyor on the Hard ticket but was defeated by Whig John T. Clark. In 1855, he ran again but was again defeated, this time by American Silas Seymour.

From 1868 to 1873 he was a Canal Commissioner, elected in 1867 and 1870 on the Democratic ticket.

Sources
 Bios of Engineers, at Rochester history
Fay Genealogy (1898; pages 48, 90 and 142)

1815 births
1895 deaths
People from Northampton, Fulton County, New York
Erie Canal Commissioners
American surveyors
American civil engineers
New York (state) Democrats
Engineers from New York (state)
Richard Goodmanson. Richard Goodmanson is an American businessman born in August 1947.

Education
Goodmanson's degrees include an MBA, BEc and BCom, B Eng (Civil).

Career
Goodmanson was director of Rio Tinto from 2004 until 2018. He was elected by shareholders in 2005 and stood for re-election in 2008. Goodmanson was also the chairman of the Committee on social and environmental accountability.

Goodmanson worked at senior levels for McKinsey & Company, PepsiCo and America West Airlines, where he was president and CEO.

Goodmanson joined DuPont in early 1999 and became executive vice president and chief operating officer at that time. In that role he was responsible for global functions, and the non US operations of DuPont, with particular focus on growth in emerging markets. Goodmanson retired from DuPont in September 2009.

Goodmanson was also chairman of the United Way of Delaware since 2006 and a director since 2002. He was a director of Qantas from 2008 until 2019.

References

Living people
DuPont people
Qantas people
University of Queensland alumni
1947 births