omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Photonics and Nanostructures: Fundamentals and Applications. Photonics and Nanostructures: Fundamentals and Applications is a peer-reviewed scientific journal, published quarterly by Elsevier. The editors-in-chief are A. Di Falco University of St Andrews, M. Lapine University of Technology Sydney, P. Tassin Chalmers University of Technology, M. Vanwolleghem Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Villeneuve-d'Ascq, and L. O'Faolain (W. Whelan-Curtin) Cork Institute of Technology.

Scope 
This journal covers research in experiment, theory, and applications of photonic crystals and photonic band gaps. Additionally, the journal focuses on topics concerning the development of faster telecommunications and the transition from computer-electronics to computer-photonics. Coverage also includes the general topic of fabrication of photonic crystal structures and devices. Devices at the micro and nano levels are also included. At this size, these are optical waveguides, switches, lasers, components of photonic (optical) integrated circuits, photonic crystal integrated circuits, micro-optical-electro-mechanical-systems (MOEMS), photonic (optical) micro-cavities, and photonic "dots".

Abstracting and indexing
This journal is abstracted and indexed in:

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 2.5.

References

External links 
 

Materials science journals
Academic journals established in 2003
Elsevier academic journals
Quarterly journals
English-language journals
Nanotechnology journals
Zultanite. Zultanite is a gem variety of the mineral diaspore, mined in the İlbir Mountains of southwest Turkey at an elevation of over 4,000 feet. The mineral's name is a trade name and is equivalent to the trade name Csarite. 

Turkey is the only place where the gem quality material has been found, and at the Ilbir Dağ deposit it has been "formed in open spaces by hydrothermal remobilization of bauxite components". The gem quality material was first discovered in the early 1980s.

Zultanite has a hardness of 6.5 to 7. Depending on its light source, zultanite's color varies between a yellowish green, light gold, and purplish pink. Its color can be pastel green in outdoor light and beige pink in incandescent light.

References

Gemstones
Trademarks
EMSO simulator. EMSO simulator is an equation-oriented process simulator with a graphical interface for modeling complex dynamic or steady-state processes.  It is CAPE-OPEN compliant.  EMSO stands for Environment for Modeling, Simulation, and Optimization.  The ALSOC Project - a Portuguese acronym for Free Environment for Simulation, Optimization and Control of Processes -, which is based at the UFRGS, develops, maintains and distributes this object-oriented software.  Pre-built models are available in the EMSO Modeling Library (EML).  New models can be written in the EMSO modeling language or a user can embed models coded in C, C++ or Fortran into the simulation environment.

See also
 AMPL
 APMonitor
 ASCEND
 General Algebraic Modeling System
 JModelica.org
 MATLAB
 Modelica
 List of chemical process simulators

References

External links
 ALSOC Project
 Blog posts regarding EMSO

Simulation software
Computer-aided engineering software
Simulation programming languages
Mathematical optimization software
Object-oriented programming
Reagent bottle. Reagent bottles, also known as media bottles or graduated bottles, are containers made of glass, plastic, borosilicate or related substances, and topped by special caps or stoppers. They are intended to contain chemicals in liquid or powder form for laboratories and stored in cabinets or on shelves. Some reagent bottles are tinted amber (actinic), brown or red to protect light-sensitive chemical compounds from visible light, ultraviolet and infrared radiation which may alter them; other bottles are tinted blue (cobalt glass) or uranium green for decorative purposes -mostly vintage apothecary sets, from centuries in which a doctor or apothecary was a prominent figure. The bottles are called "graduated" when they have marks on the sides indicating the approximate (often with a 10% error) amount of liquid at a given level within the container. A reagent bottle is a type of laboratory glassware. The term "reagent" refers to a substance that is part of a chemical reaction (or an ingredient of which), and "media" is the plural form of "medium" which refers to the liquid or gas which a reaction happens within, or is a processing chemical tool such as (for example) a flux.

Several companies produce reagent bottles, including Wheaton, Kimble, Corning, Schott AG, Sklárny Moravia and trademark glass names include Pyrex, Kimax, Duran, Boro and Bomex.

Common bottle sizes include 100 ml, 250 ml, 500 ml, 1000 ml and 2000 ml. Older bottles, especially for medical use and for expensive chemicals, can be found of capacities well under 100 ml. 

The selection of caps and stoppers that reagent bottles are closed with are as important as the material the bottles are made of, and the decision as to which cap to use is dependent on the material stored in the container, and the amount of heat which the cap can be subject to. Common cap sizes include 33-430 (33mm), 38-430 (38mm), and GL 45 (45mm). Caps range in size from narrow mouthed to wide mouthed and often a glass or plastic funnel is needed to properly fill a reagent bottle from a larger or equal sized container's mouth. Reagent bottle caps are commonly said to be "autoclavable".

Antique or vintage reagent bottles tend to resemble the classic apothecary bottle and have a glass stopper, very often not of standard size, so that very old bottles and samples should be stored with care, as replacing a missing glass stopper would require dedicated glassworking.

Reagent bottles are subject to regulations and are required to meet global scientific standards.

See also
Boston round (bottle)

References
 Soroka, W, "Fundamentals of Packaging Technology", IoPP, 2002, 
 Yam, K. L., "Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology", John Wiley & Sons, 2009, 

Glass compositions
Glass trademarks and brands
Boron compounds
Transparent materials
Laboratories
Laboratory glassware
Glass bottles
Dalian Hi-Think Computer. Dalian Hi-Think Computer Technology Corporation (), often called DHC, is a provider of software development, industrial solutions and IT services headquartered in Dalian, Liaoning Province, China.  It was established in 1996 as an spin-out of Dalian Information Center and its capital amounts to 150,000,000 CNY. NEC, NTT Data, Hitachi Software Engineering, NEC Soft, NS Solutions, and Microsoft have invested in DHC.

Currently, employing around 6,000 people, DHC is one of the largest information technology outsourcing (ITO) and business process outsourcing (BPO) companies in Dalian (DHC, Hisoft, IBM, HP, Genpact and Accenture), the "Bangalore" of China or the "IT and Business Process Outsourcing Capital of China".

In March 2014, DHC moved its headquarters to DHC Software Park. In July 2015, DHC's stock was listed on Chinese OTC market as .

See also
Outsourcing
Neusoft Group
HiSoft Technology International
Dalian Software Park

References

External links
Official Dalian Hi-Think Computer website  

Software companies of China
Engineering companies of China
Outsourcing companies
Companies based in Dalian
Software companies established in 1996
1996 establishments in China
Companies listed on the National Equities Exchange and Quotations
MetraLabs GmbH. MetraLabs GmbH is a German robotics company, specializing in the development and production of service robots for industrial, commercial, and retail markets. MetraLabs was founded by graduates of the Ilmenau University of Technology and has a connection with the University Neuroinformatics and Cognitive Robotics Lab, headed by Professor Groß. Together, they have worked on multiple projects, including the development of a senior citizen assistant robot. 

MetraLabs is one of the developers of Middleware for Robotic Applications, which is a cross-platform, open-source software framework for robotic applications.

Awards 

 Two of its robots, designed for Infineon Technologies, received the "it-innovation prize" in 2010.
 Published in the Gartner "Cool Vendors in Retail 2010".
 Winner in the "Digital & Media" category of the XXII Innovation Award Thuringia 2019.

References

External links
 MetraLabs
 

Robotics companies of Germany
Companies based in Thuringia
Companies established in 2001
German brands
Ilmenau
Patriots Jet Team. The Patriots Jet Team is a civilian aerobatic formation team that performs in air shows across the western United States of America. The team operates as a six-ship team, flying the Czech-built Aero L-39 Albatros. The Patriots are based in Byron, California.

The team began flying demonstrations in 2003 with two L-39 aircraft. In the 2004 airshow season, a third L-39 was added. With the success of the 2005 season, the Patriots added a fourth jet for the 2006 season. In 2010, the Patriots Jet Team expanded to a six-ship aerobatic formation team.

The team is owned by Randy Howell, a former United Airlines pilot. It is sponsored by companies including Stellant Systems, Inc. and supported by a ground crew of more than 25 volunteers.

Fleet

References

External links 

 Patriots Jet Team official website

American aerobatic teams
John H. Mathis & Company. John H. Mathis & Company was a shipbuilding company founded around 1900, based at Cooper Point in Camden, New Jersey, U.S., on the Delaware River. At their shipyard at Point and Erie Streets, the company built luxury yachts and also commercial ships. During World War II a variety of Naval vessels were built. The Mathis shipyard closed in 1961.

John H. Mathis & Company
The John H. Mathis Company built a variety of commercial and naval vessels, including freighters, ferries, and fishing boats, FS ("Freight and Supply") ships for the Army, minesweepers, net tenders, patrol boats, lighthouse tenders, tugs, and barges.

 4 of 32 s
  ... 
 3 of 95 s
  ... 
 5 gasoline barges, 2 water barges

Mathis Yacht Building Company
In 1910, Norwegian-born naval architect John Trumpy joined the company in partnership with John H. Mathis to design and build private yachts. The two companies, the John H. Mathis Company, and the Mathis Yacht Building Company, operated side by side at the Camden yard.

The Mathis Yacht Building Company built houseboats, tenders, and yachts for some of the wealthiest American families, including the Sequoia in 1925, which would later serve as the Presidential yacht between 1933 and 1977. After the death of John H. Mathis in 1939, John Trumpy became the sole owner of the Mathis Yacht Building Company. In 1924/1925, Mathis built 30 75-foot patrol boats (known as Six-Bitters) ordered by the United States Coast Guard at its Camden shipyard (CG-100 through CG-114 and CG-278 through CG-292).

John Trumpy & Sons
By mid-1942 increased demand meant that the Camden yard capacity was needed for government contracts, so the Mathis Yacht Building Co. relocated to Gloucester City, New Jersey, just downriver of Camden, and was renamed John Trumpy & Sons in 1943. The USS Maquinna (YTB-225) was built there in 1944. In 1947, the Trumpy company relocated again to Annapolis, Marylandm after acquiring the Annapolis Yacht Yard.

In 1962, the Annapolis yard was destroyed in a fire and a year later, at the age of 84, John Trumpy died. The company continued under the control of his son John Trumpy Jr., but rising costs, a labor strike, and the advent of cheaper fiberglass hulls meant that in 1974 the company was wound up.

References

External links
 John H. Mathis & Co. Shipbuilders
 John H. Mathis & Company Ship Yard
 John Trumpy & Sons
 Trumpy Yachts

American boat builders
Defunct shipbuilding companies of the United States
Defunct companies based in New Jersey

Companies based in Camden, New Jersey
Shipyards of New Jersey
American companies established in 1900
American companies disestablished in 1961
Kjeller Flyfabrikk. (English: Kjeller Aircraft Factory), also known as the , was a Norwegian manufacturer of military aircraft. It was formally established in 1915, but was active from 1912. The factory was owned by the Norwegian government under the management of the Norwegian Army Air Service.

It mainly built foreign types of aircraft under license, but also developed several types.

Aircraft produced at Kjeller Flyfabrikk

Notes

References

Aircraft manufacturers of Norway
Companies based in Lillestrøm
Manufacturing companies established in 1912
Manufacturing companies disestablished in 1952
1952 disestablishments in Norway
Norwegian companies established in 1912
Carbocatalysis. Carbocatalysis is a form of catalysis that uses heterogeneous carbon materials for the transformation or synthesis of organic or inorganic substrates.  The catalysts are characterized by their high surface areas, surface functionality, and large, aromatic basal planes.  Carbocatalysis can be distinguishable from supported catalysis (such as palladium on carbon) in that no metal is present, or if metals are present they are not the active species.  

As of 2010, the mechanisms of reactivity are not well understood. 

One of the most common examples of carbocatalysis is the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene discovered in the 1970s. Also in the industrial process of (non-oxidative) dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene, the potassium-promoted iron oxide catalyst is coated with a carbon layer as the active phase. In another early example, a variety of substituted nitrobenzenes were reduced to the corresponding aniline using hydrazine and graphite as the catalyst.

The discovery of nanostructured carbon allotropes such as carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, or graphene promoted further developments. Oxidized carbon nanotubes were used to dehydrogenate n-butane to 1-butene, and to selectively oxidize acrolein to acrylic acid. Fullerenes were used in the catalytic reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline in the presence of H2. Graphene oxide was used as a carbocatalyst to facilitate the oxidation of alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes/ketones (shown in the picture), the hydration of alkynes, and the oxidation of alkenes.

References

External links 
 Carbon Materials for Catalysis

Catalysis
Diodes Incorporated. Diodes Incorporated is a global manufacturer and supplier of application specific standard products within the discrete, logic, analog, and mixed-signal semiconductor markets. Diodes serves the consumer electronics, computing, communications, industrial, and automotive markets.

Diodes' products include diodes, rectifiers, transistors, MOSFETs, protection devices, functional specific arrays, single gate logic, amplifiers and comparators, Hall effect and temperature sensors; power management devices, including LED drivers, AC-DC converters and controllers, DC-DC switching and linear voltage regulators, and voltage references along with special function devices, such as USB power switches, load switches, voltage supervisors, and motor controllers. Diodes Incorporated also has timing, connectivity, switching, and signal integrity solutions for high-speed signals. In January 2024 the company announced three dual-channel power-switches.

The company's product focus is on end-user equipment markets such as satellite TV set-top boxes, portable DVD players, datacom devices, ADSL modems, power supplies, medical devices (non-life support devices/systems), PCs and notebooks, flat panel displays, digital cameras, mobile handsets, AC-to-DC and DC-to-DC conversion, Wireless 802.11 LAN access points, brushless DC motor fans, serial connectivity, and automotive applications.

Over the years, Diodes Incorporated grew by acquiring other semiconductor companies. Notable acquisitions include Zetex Semiconductors (2008),  Power Analog Microelectronics, Inc. (2012), Pericom Semiconductor (2015), Texas Instruments' Greenock wafer fabrication plant (2019), and Lite-On Semiconductor (2020).

On 3 June 2022, Diodes completed the acquisition of the South Portland wafer fabrication facility, and its operations from onsemi's known as SPFAB. This also includes the transfer of all of its employees there.

On 26 December 2023, Diodes announced that Gary Yu would become president as of 2 January 2024 and Dr. Keh Shew Lu will remain chairman and CEO until at least 31 May 2027.

References 

Semiconductor companies of the United States
Equipment semiconductor companies
Manufacturing companies based in Texas
Companies based in Plano, Texas
American companies established in 1959
Electronics companies established in 1959
1959 establishments in Texas
Companies listed on the Nasdaq
Myristamine oxide. Myristamine oxide is an amine oxide based zwitterionic surfactant with a C14 (tetradecyl) alkyl tail. It is used as a foam stabilizer and hair conditioning agent in some shampoos and conditioners. Like other amine oxide based surfactants it is antimicrobial, being slightly more effective than lauryldimethylamine oxide against the common bacteria S. aureus and E. coli.

See also
Lauryldimethylamine oxide – An analogous compound with a C12 tail

References

Amine oxides
Cosmetics chemicals
Surfactants
Hugh Ford (engineer). Sir Hugh Ford FREng FRS (16 July 1913 – 28 May 2010) was a British engineer. He was Professor of Applied Mechanics at Imperial College London from 1951 to 1978.

Education
Ford was educated at Northampton Grammar School and served an apprenticeship at the Great Western Railway. He studied at City & Guilds College (Imperial College London) on a Whitworth scholarship, where he would earn a first class degree, and win the Bramwell Medal. He earned a PhD in heat transfer and fluid flow.
During World War II, he worked at Imperial Chemical Industries in Cheshire. 
He studied operations at strip mills, earning the Thomas Hawksley Gold Medal in 1948.

Career
Beginning in 1948, he was Reader in Applied Mechanics at Imperial College. He was president of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers from 1977 to 1978. 
Ford was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1967 and knighted in 1975. In 1970, he received the A. A. Griffith Medal and Prize. He was awarded an honorary degree (Doctor of Science) from the University of Bath in 1978. In 1985 he received the James Watt International Medal.

Shortly after his death Ford was featured on the BBC Radio 4 obituary program Last Word.

References

1913 births
2010 deaths
Academics of Imperial College London
English engineers
Presidents of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers
Fellows of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers
Fellows of the Royal Society
Knights Bachelor
Trisilane. Trisilane is the silane with the formula H2Si(SiH3)2. A liquid at standard temperature and pressure, it is a silicon analogue of propane. In contrast with propane, however, trisilane ignites spontaneously in air.



Synthesis
Trisilane was characterized by Alfred Stock having prepared it by the reaction of hydrochloric acid and magnesium silicide. This reaction had been explored as early as 1857 by Friedrich Woehler and Heinrich Buff, and further investigated by Henri Moissan and Samuel Smiles in 1902.

Decomposition
The key property of trisilane is its thermal lability.  It degrades to silicon films and SiH4 according to this idealized equation:
Si3H8  →  Si  +  2 SiH4
In terms of mechanism, this decomposition  proceeds by a 1,2 hydrogen shift that produces disilanes, normal and isotetrasilanes, and normal and isopentasilanes.

Because it readily decomposes to leave films of Si, trisilane has been explored a means to apply thin layers of silicon for semiconductors and similar applications.  Similarly, thermolysis of trisilane gives silicon nanowires.

References

Silanes
Inorganic silicon compounds
Pyrophoric materials
List of C-family programming languages. The C-family programming languages share significant features of the C programming language. Many of these 70 languages were developmentally influenced by C due to its success and ubiquity. The family also includes predecessors that influenced C's design such as BCPL.

Notable programming sources use terms like C-style, C-like, a dialect of C, having C-like syntax. The term curly bracket programming language denotes a language that shares C's block syntax.

C-family languages have features like:

 Code block delimited by curly braces ({}), a.k.a. braces, a.k.a. curly brackets

 Semicolon (;) statement terminator

 Parameter list delimited by parentheses (())

 Infix notation for arithmetical and logical expressions

C-family languages span multiple programming paradigms, conceptual models, and run-time environments.

References 

 
C
Engineering optimization. Engineering optimization

 is the subject which uses optimization techniques to achieve design goals in engineering. It is sometimes referred to as design optimization.

Topics

 structural design (including pressure vessel design and welded beam design)
 shape optimization 
 topology optimization (including airfoils)
 inverse optimization (a subset of the inverse problem)
 processing planning
 product designs
 electromagnetic optimization
 space mapping
 aggressive space mapping
 yield-driven design
 optimization exploiting surrogates (surrogate model)

References 

Engineering concepts
Surabaya Shipbuilding State Polytechnic. The development of Shipbuilding Institute of Polytechnic Surabaya or SHIPS (in Indonesian: Politeknik Perkapalan Negeri Surabaya (PPNS)) can be traced back to 1987 when it was established as a polytechnic by Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology (ITS) The institute was elevated to an independent institute in 2012.

SHIPS as a state polytechnic offers courses and training in the field of shipbuilding and marine-related industries.

Facilities
Laboratories:
 Automatic Fire Extinguisher Laboratory 
 Ergonomic Laboratory
 Workplace Measurement Laboratory
 Chemistry Laboratory 
 First Aid Laboratory
 CAD, CAM and Design Laboratory
 Non Metal Workshop (trial pond, mold loft, wooden ship and fiberglass ship workshop, wood dry oven)
 Construction laboratory (plat and profile bending, hydraulic cutting, plat, profile and pipe rolling, furnace, High Rigidity Axial Fid System CNC (3,3 m wide), CNC cutting, SMAW, GMAW and GTAW welding, NCP plasma cutting), Wire cutting (EDM), Injection Molding, etc.
 Material Testing Laboratory (DT and NDT)
 Basic Metal Workshop 
 Machining Workshop
 Pneumatic and Hydraulic Laboratory 
 Internal Combustion Engine Laboratory 
 Marine Diesel Simulator Laboratory
 External Combustion Engine Laboratory 
 Fluid and Cold storage system Laboratory
 Instrumentation, Basic Electric and Physic Laboratory 
 Electronic, Control and Microprocessor Laboratory
 Electric Machine Laboratory 
 Electrical Repair Laboratory
 Power Electronics and Drive Laboratory
 Robotic Camp

Cooperation
The polytechnic cooperates with companies and institutions, e.g. : PT PAL Indonesia, companies based in Surabaya, Dikmenjur Dikdasmen DG, Ministry of National Affairs, PT INKA Madiun, Schlumberger, PT Freeport Indonesia, PT Komatsu Indonesia, PT Trakindo Utama, PT Esabindo Pratama, PT Pelindo III, Ministry of Manpower of Indonesia, East Java Manpower, American Bureau of Shipping, Bureau of Classification PT Indonesia, GTZ of Germany (1987–1998), PT Newmont, Bengkalis District Government, Local Government Lamongan

Department and Studies program
 1) Study Program Diploma IV of Safety and Healthy Engineering
 2) Marine Engineering Department
 3) Ship Building Engineering Department
 4) Marine Electrical Engineering Department

External Links 
Official website
Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology

References 

Colleges in Indonesia
Educational institutions in Surabaya
1987 establishments in Indonesia
Universities and colleges established in 1987