omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Talaporfin. Talaporfin (INN, also known as aspartyl chlorin, mono-L-aspartyl chlorin e6, NPe6, or LS11) is a chlorin based  photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy (PDT).

It absorbs red light at 664-667 nm normally provided by a laser tuned to this wavelength.

It was approved in Japan (in 2004) for PDT of lung cancer and marketed as Laserphyrin.

References

Extracorporeal Photo-Immunotherapy for Circulating Tumor Cells

Photosensitizing agents
Tetrapyrroles
Engels MI. The Engels MI was a Russian floatplane/fighter developed in 1916. It was a parasol cantilever flying boat with a V-Section hull, and downswept wingtips incorporating flotation chambers.

Production history
In 1916 the Russian government expressed a need for a flying counter-float-plane against the German Albatros W.4. Y.E. Engels came up with the Engels MI, and after initial testing an order for 50 was placed on 27 April 1917. Only three were produced by October 1917, and as a result production quietly stopped.

Operational history
One aircraft survived the Russian Revolution, and was delivered to the Naval Aviation School at Nizhny Novgorod in 1920.

List of operators

Imperial Russian Air Service

Soviet Air Force

Specifications

References 

1910s Russian fighter aircraft
Flying boats
MI
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Parasol-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1920
Rotary-engined aircraft
Amezinium metilsulfate. Amezinium metilsulfate (INN, trade name Regulton) is a sympathomimetic drug used for the treatment of low blood pressure. It has multiple mechanisms, including stimulation of alpha and beta-1 receptors and inhibition of noradrenaline and tyramine uptake.

Synthesis
This antidepressant is made from Chloridazon starting material.

The halogenation of 2-Butyne-1,4-diol [110-65-6] (1) with chlorine gives Mucochloric acid [87-56-9] (2). Treatment with Phenylhydrazine [100-63-0] (3) gives 1-Phenyl-4,5-dichloro-6-pyridazone [1698-53-9] (4). Addition of ammonia leads to Chloridazon [1698-60-8] (5). Catalytic hydrogenation yields 5-amino-2-phenylpyridazin-3-one [13589-77-0] (6). Alkylation with dimethyl sulfate completed the synthesis of Amezinium metisulfate (7).

References 

Antihypotensive agents
Pyridazines
Methyl esters
Distinctness of image. Distinctness of image (DOI) is a quantification of the deviation of the direction of light propagation from the regular direction by scattering during transmission or reflection. DOI is sensitive to even subtle scattering effects; the more light is being scattered out of the regular direction the more the initially sharp (well defined) image is blurred (that is, small details are lost). In polluted air it is the sum of all particles of various dimensions (dust, aerosols, vapor, etc.) that induces haze.

DOI is measured to characterize the visual appearance of polished high-gloss surfaces such as automotive car finishes, mirrors, beyond the capabilities of gloss.

Other appearance phenomena are: gloss, haze, and orange peel. Various categories of visual appearance related to the perception of regular or diffuse reflection and transmission of light have been organized under the concept of cesia in an order system with three variables. In this system, DOI is connected to the variable called diffusivity.

Reflected Image Quality (RIQ) vs. DOI

DOI is not sensitive to low amounts of orange peel on highest quality surfaces.

RIQ has more proportionate response to orange peel on a wider range of surface finishes.

RIQ works well in differentiating low gloss surfaces with different specular/diffuse components.

Parameters that affect RIQ
 Substrate alignment (horizontal/vertical)
 Coating formulation
 Substrate
 Application technique

References

 ASTM Standards on Color & Appearance Measurement
 Richard S. Hunter, The Measurement of Appearance, John Wiley & Sons (1987)

External links
 Measurement Theory

Vision
Optics
DRB Class 06. The German DRB Class 06 engines were standard steam locomotives (Einheitsdampflokomotiven) with the Deutsche Reichsbahn (DRB) designed to haul express train services. They were the only German locomotives with a 4-8-4 (Northern) wheel arrangement.

History 
The two Class 06 locomotives built by the firm of Krupp in 1939 were the largest, heaviest and most powerful locomotives in the Deutsche Reichsbahn. They were built for heavy express train duties in hilly terrain. The performance requirement was for the transportation of 650 tons at . On ramps of 1:100 it was to still be capable of maintaining .

The Class 06 was given the same boiler as the Class 45 and many of the same components as the Class 41. The running gear, with four coupled axles, had a wheelbase of 

In trials, the vehicles confirmed their remarkable capability and running qualities. However the locomotives tended to derail in tight turnout curves. And, like the Class 45s, the boilers developed cracks, leaky tubes and popped stay bolts, so that the locomotives were unconvincing when hauling measurement vehicles or scheduled trains.

As a result of the war no more were produced. After World War II a locomotive of this size was no longer needed, thus neither the necessary structural modification of the engines was carried out, nor did any follow-on orders result. Both engines were seen as having a faulty design and were retired by the Deutsche Bundesbahn in 1951 in Frankfurt am Main and scrapped, because the DB refused to replace their boilers.

The two locomotives, which had operating numbers 06 001 and 06 002, were equipped with 2'3 T 38 St tenders.

See also
 List of DRG locomotives and railbuses

References

External links 
 Photograph of the Class 06

06
4-8-4 locomotives
06
Krupp locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1939
Streamlined steam locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Germany
2′D2′ h3 locomotives
Passenger locomotives
IPEX. IPEX may refer to:

 Immunodysregulation polyendocrinopathy enteropathy X-linked syndrome, a rare disease linked to the dysfunction of the transcriptional activator FoxP3
 Italian Power Exchange
 Interparliamentary EU Information Exchange
 IPEX (trade show), the largest printing and graphic arts trade show in the English-speaking world
 Hirose U.FL or I-PEX, a miniature RF connector for high-frequency signals
Gardner color scale. The Gardner Color Scale is a one-dimensional scale used to measure the shade of the color yellow.  The Gardner scale and the APHA/Pt-Co/Hazen Color Scale overlap, with the Gardner scale measuring higher concentrations of yellow color and the APHA scale measuring very low levels of yellow color.

History
Colors of transparent liquids have been studied visually since the medieval period.  Changes in color can indicate contamination or impurities in the raw materials, process variations, or degradation of products over time.

One dimensional scales for yellowness were created, e.g., Gardner Color Scale and APHA/Pt-Co/Hazen Color Scale.  The yellowness of the transparent liquid is determined by pouring the sample into a tube and comparing it to a pre determined and known standard.  The standard that the sample falls closest to then becomes the value for the liquid.  This procedure isn't extremely accurate due to variations of observers, illumination and to some extent the standards themselves.

Gardner Color can also be measured by a dual beam xenon flash spectrophotometer, for example the UltraScan Pro. Spectrophotometers measure the percent transmittance of the product and automatically calculate and provide the Gardner color number using illuminant C and 2º observer.

References

Color scales
Schoel Engineering Company. Schoel Engineering Company located in Birmingham, Alabama, has offered consulting civil engineering, hydrologic and environmental consulting, and land surveying services, since its founding by Herman Schoel in 1888. The company is a member of the Alabama Engineering Hall of Fame.

History
In 1888, Herman Schoel established the solo-engineer practice known as H. Schoel, C.E., laying the foundation for what would become Schoel Engineering Company. The firm has remained family-owned, now in its fifth generation, with Walter Schoel III serving as CEO and his sons, Taylor Schoel and Brooks Schoel, holding key leadership positions.

Acquisition of 4Site
In 2019, Schoel Engineering expanded its operations through the acquisition of 4Site, a civil engineering, land surveying, and landscape architecture firm based in Huntsville, Alabama. 

The merger allowed Schoel to integrate 4Site’s expertise in landscape architecture and site design into its operations while maintaining the existing 4Site team in Huntsville. 

4Site previously worked on projects such as the Pappy Dunn Boulevard Project in Anniston, Alabama in 2013 and the Welcome Center for the Huntsville Botanical Garden in 2016.

Recognition
Schoel Engineering Company has been honored for its lasting contributions to engineering and the development of Alabama. In 2007, the company was inducted into the Alabama Engineering Hall of Fame, a recognition of its role in shaping Birmingham and the region. 

In 2013, Dr. Walter Schoel III, who has played a key role in the company’s leadership, was named a Distinguished Engineering Fellow by University of Alabama's College of Engineering. This honor reflected not just his individual achievements but also the enduring legacy of the family-run company.

Notable Projects
Schoel Engineering has been involved in numerous significant projects, such as:

 Protective Stadium 
 Regions Field 
 Benjamin Russell Hospital for Children  
 Vulcan Park  
 Honda Manufacturing Plant in Lincoln, Alabama 
 Railroad Park

References

Companies based in Birmingham, Alabama
Consulting firms established in 1888
Engineering consulting firms of the United States
1888 establishments in Alabama
New York State Engineer and Surveyor. The New York State Engineer and Surveyor was a state cabinet officer in the State of New York between 1848 and 1926. During the re-organization of the state government under Governor Al Smith, the office was abolished and its responsibilities transferred to the New York State Department of Public Works, which in turn was absorbed by the New York State Department of Transportation in 1967.

History
The office was established as Surveyor General in 1781.

Until 1822, the Surveyor General was appointed by the Council of Appointment for an indefinite term. The second holder of the office, Simeon De Witt, was considered the most qualified person for the office and was re-appointed without regard to party politics. Even the Bucktails did not oust him when they were struggling with his first cousin DeWitt Clinton. The office was at first mostly occupied with surveying the uncharted area of the State and issuing official maps. In 1817, the Surveyor General became a member of the Erie Canal Commission.

From 1823 to 1845, the Surveyor General was elected by joint ballot of the New York State Legislature for a term of three years. Simeon De Witt was re-elected in 1823, 1826, 1829, and 1832, and died in office in 1834.

The Constitution of 1846 renamed the office as State Engineer and Surveyor, and the office's major concern was to be the supervision of the maintenance and enlargement of the Canal network. The candidates were required to be practical engineers.

From 1847 on, the State Engineer and the other state cabinet officers were elected by the voters at the state elections in November in odd years to a two-year term, so that, until 1877, they served in the second half of the term of the governor in office and the first half of the term of the succeeding governor, since the governors at the time were elected to a two-year term in even years. From 1877 on, the Governor served a three-year term, while the State Engineer continued to be elected for two years. The State Engineer elected in 1895 received an additional year and served a three-year term, and from 1898 on, the State Engineer and other state officers were elected in even years to a two-year term at the same time as the Governor, and they served concurrently.

Surveyors General

Engineers and Surveyors

Notes

 
State constitutional officers of New York (state)
Grupo Antolin. Antolin is a manufacturer in the car interiors market internationally and a worldwide supplier of headliner substrates.  It had started its business as a mechanics garage for vehicle and agriculture machinery repairs in Burgos, Spain, and was run by Avelino Antolín López and his sons Avelino and José. 

Antolin also develops, manufactures, and tests interior parts such as overheads, doors, lighting, cockpits, consoles, and hard and soft trim.

On 31 August 2015, the company announced the acquisition of Magna Interiors, the interiors business of Magna International. Grupo Antolín acquired an automobile parts manufacturing plant in Nashville, Illinois, originally established in 1987 as Ligma Corporation, a joint venture between Magna International and Lignotock of West Germany.

The company won the Castilla y León Prize for Scientific and Technical Research and Innovation in 2017, awarded by the Junta de Castilla y León.

In 2018, it opened its 15th plant in the US in Shelby (Michigan) dedicated to manufacturing door panels for the RAM vans of the FCA group, adding to its American workforce of 5,700 people. An additional plant was announced to open in Alabama.

In May 2022, Ramón Sotomayor was the chief executive officer of Antolin.

References

External links
 
José Antolín Toledano, Chairman of Grupo Antolín, awarded with the 'Medalla de Oro al Mérito en el Trabajo'

Multinational companies headquartered in Spain
Spanish brands
Companies based in Castile and León
Manufacturing companies established in 1950
Burgos
Auto parts suppliers of Spain
Magna International
2015 mergers and acquisitions
Spanish companies established in 1950
TechSat-21. TechSat-21 (Technology Satellite of the 21st Century) was a small spacecraft developed by the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory's Space Vehicles Directorate to test technology for formation flight of spacecraft which can rapidly change formation based on mission requirements. The project was canceled in 2003 due to numerous cost overruns.

References 

Cancelled spacecraft
Technology demonstration satellites
Satellites of the United States Air Force
XSS-10. XSS-10 (eXperimental Small Satellite 10) was a small, low-cost micro-spacecraft developed by the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory's Space Vehicles Directorate to test technology for line-of-sight guidance of spacecraft. The project was initiated at AFRL by Program Manager David Barnhart and completed by Georgia Tech Research Institute engineer Thom Davis and team. The project was declared a success shortly after launch.

References

External links 

 XSS Micro-Satellite at Boeing.com

Spacecraft launched in 2003
Satellites of the United States Air Force
XCOM Data Transport. XCOM is a proprietary file transfer utility previously owned by CA Technologies but since acquired by Broadcom Inc. on 5 November 2018.

History
Spectrum Concepts Inc. of New York City, which was primarily a software consulting firm, originally developed XCOM 6.2 in the mid-1980s, in conjunction with Proginet,  and sold it as a product on many platforms.

First launched in 1987, it became one of the first heterogeneous systems management software products to be widely deployed in large corporate networks around the world, at peak expanding to more than 13 operating systems, and was still being sold and deployed more than 25 years later.

Its installed based grew very rapidly at first because it was one of the first third party products to be based upon the then advanced networking technology from IBM, known as IBM Advanced Program-to-Program Communication, which allowed faster and more reliable communication between different types of computers.

Its early versions supported IBM mainframe and midrange including IBM System 38 and AS/400, Windows, Apple, UNIX, Digital Equipment Corporation VAX, Data General, Stratus, Tandem, and others, for many decades and functions on both SNA and TCP/IP networks.  XCOM establishes a peer-to-peer connection to manage all aspects of moving bulk data between heterogeneous systems.

The product was sold to Legent Corporation in 1992, in the largest software transaction in history, up until that time, in a transaction that acquired approval of the United States Department of Justice. In 1995, Legent Inc. was bought by Computer Associates. In 2018, Computer Associates was bought by Broadcom Inc.

References

External links
 Official CA XCOM Website

Network file transfer protocols
File transfer software
Autonomous Nanosatellite Guardian for Evaluating Local Space. The Autonomous Nanosatellite Guardian for Evaluating Local Space (ANGELS) project is an Air Force Research Laboratory project to develop a small satellite which can orbit close to a larger spacecraft and monitor the local space environment.

ANGELS was designed to evaluate SSA techniques in a limited region around its Delta-4 launch vehicle upper stage several hundred kilometers above GEO, testing maneuvering concepts around the rocket body. The vehicle began experiments approximately 50 km away from the upper stage and cautiously progressed over several months to tests within several kilometers. As part of the research effort, ANGELS explored increased levels of automation in mission planning and execution to enable more timely, safe, and complex operations with a reduced operations footprint.

ANGELS was launched by a Delta-4M+(4,2) rocket in 2014 as a secondary payload on the AFSPC-4 (GSSAP 1, 2) mission. It was delivered directly into GEO, and had a planned operating duration of one year. The satellite met various space situational awareness mission objectives and was eventually decommissioned in November 2017.

References 

Spacecraft launched in 2014
Satellites of the United States Air Force
Air Force Research Laboratory projects
Spacecraft launched by Delta IV rockets
Lockheed Martin Canada. Lockheed Martin Canada Inc. is an aerospace and defence contractor, headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin, and a part of the Rotary and Mission Systems business area. It has over 900 employees, with facilities in Montreal, Halifax, Nova Scotia, and Victoria, British Columbia with a corporate office in Ottawa, Ontario.

Locations in Canada do engineering, software development, integration and test along with mechanical and hardware design as well as manufacturing, product test, logistics support and repair and overhaul. Field staff are also deployed at various Canadian Forces' bases.

References

Canadian subsidiaries of foreign companies
Lockheed Martin
Defence companies of Canada
Manufacturing companies based in Ottawa
Demonstration and Science Experiments. Demonstration and Science Experiments (DSX) was a small spacecraft developed by the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory's Space Vehicles Directorate to perform experiments to study the radiation environment in medium Earth orbit.

Spacecraft 
The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) is responsible for the development and execution of the DSX (originally Deployable Structures Experiment), now Demonstration & Science Experiments, also known as Space Science Technology Experiment (SSTE-4), a suite of four science payloads integrated onto a Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle (EELV) EELV Secondary Payload Adapter (ESPA) ring based three axis stabilized satellite bus nominally slated for launch into a 6000 × 12000 km, 30° inclination, Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) in the 2019 timeframe with one year required and three year desired operational capability.

Unlike the traditional ESPA approach, in DSX the experiments and host spacecraft stay attached and do not deploy. After the primary satellite in the EELV is deployed, the DSX ESPA separates from the EELV 2nd stage booster to become a free-flyer spacecraft. To address the space access aspect of the rapid-response problem, DSX will utilize an EELV Secondary Payload Adapter (ESPA) capability as a platform for highly-capable small and medium free-flying satellites (or ESPASats) that have plentiful and relatively inexpensive launch opportunities on EELV as secondary payloads.

One deployable boom measured 80 meters and a second measured 16 meters, making DSX one of the largest deployable structures built to operate on orbit.

Payload 
DSX conducted four experiments:
 Wave Particle Interaction Experiment (WPIx)
 Space Weather Experiment (PWx)
 Space Environmental Effects Experiment (SFx)
 Adaptive Controls Experiment (ACE)

Mission 
AFRL kept the satellite in operation for nearly two years, rather than the one year planned, using it to conduct more than 1,300 experiments.

The DSX mission was successfully completed on 31 May 2021. The spacecraft was passivated rather than deorbited due to its high orbit.

References 

Spacecraft launched in 2019
SpaceX military payloads
Air Force Research Laboratory projects
Satellites of the United States
TacSat-4. TacSat-4 is the third in a series of U.S. military experimental technology and communication satellites. The United States Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) is the program manager. The Office of Naval Research (ONR) sponsored the development of the payload and funded the first year of operations. The Office of the Director of Defense Research and Engineering (DDR&E) funded the standardized spacecraft bus and the Operationally Responsive Space Office (ORS) funded the launch that will be performed by the Air Force's Space and Missile Systems Center (SMC).

The spacecraft was completed by the end of 2009, and was launched on 27 September 2011, at 14:49:00 UTC, on a Minotaur IV launch vehicle into a highly elliptical orbit (HEO).

Mission 
TacSat-4 is equipped with a  antenna operating 10 Ultra High Frequency (UHF) channels that can be used for any combination of communications, data ex-filtration or Blue Force Tracking (BFT). TacSat-4 will fly the highly elliptical, 4-hour, orbit (12,050 kilometers at peak) providing typical payload communication periods of two hours per orbit. TacSat-4's orbit also allows it to cover the high latitudes.

Part of its capability is rapid (within 24 hours) reallocation to different theaters worldwide, in support of unexpected operations. Command and control of TacSat-4 will be performed at the United States Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Satellite Operations Center at Blossom Point, Maryland. Payload tasking will be performed via the SIPRNet based Virtual Mission Operations Center (VMOC).

Design 
All TacSat satellites are designed to demonstrate the ability to provide real-time data collected from space to combatant commanders in the field.

The spacecraft bus was built by NRL and Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) to mature ORS bus standards developed by an Integrated (government and industry) System Engineering Team, the "ISET Team", with active representation from AeroAstro, Air Force Research Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, ATK Space, Ball Aerospace & Technologies, Boeing, Design Net Engineering, General Dynamics AIS, Microcosm, Sierra Nevada Corp., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Lincoln Laboratory, Orbital Sciences Corporation, NRL, SMC, Space Systems/Loral, and Raytheon. Lithium-ion battery power provided by Quallion.

Gallery

References

External links 
 TacSat-4 (Tactical Satellite-4), eoPortal, on the eo "Sharing Earth Observation Resources" website

Spacecraft launched in 2011