omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Eolyne Y. Nichols. Eolyne Yvette Nichols (1919–2008) was an American pilot and aeronautical engineer.  She served in the Women Airforce Service Pilots.

Early life and training

Nichols grew up in Miami.  Her father, inventor I.G. Nichols, supported her plans to become an aviator.  Nichols went to Lane Mechanical High School, where she was the only female student.  She entered the University of Illinois when she was 14 years old, as a student in the Aeronautical Engineering and Civil Engineering College.  There, she studied languages, art, and industrial design.

Nichols completed a civil pilot training program in 1940.  She trained for her commercial license at Harbican Air College in Chicago.

Service in WW II

During World War II Nichols served first in the Women's Air Force (WAF) program, then the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASPs).   In the WASP, she flew both medium and heavy bombers, and was one of the first five women to fly a B-29.  She also flew B-17's, C-54's, and several other models of plane.  Nichols's work included towing targets, testing planes, and ferrying radio-controlled aircraft.  As an aeronautical engineer, she also worked in classified research at the California Institute of Technology.

By 1946, Nichols had spent 5,500 hours in the air, many of them in South America, where she charted routes for various governments.  She flew in Bolivia, Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela.

Later life

Nichols worked on a pilot selection committee for KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, where she was one of three members tasked with hiring 250 Canadian pilots for the company.  Nichols also organized the pilots' transportation to Europe.   She later became deputy operations manager for Iranian Airways, negotiating routes over European, Asian, and African countries.

References

1919 births
2008 deaths
Women Airforce Service Pilots personnel
Military personnel from Miami
University of Illinois Chicago alumni
California Institute of Technology faculty
American women academics
21st-century American women
Haaziq Kazi. Haaziq Kazi (born 8 April 2006) was a middle school student from Pune, India known for his project (alias ERVIS) to remove waste (primarily plastic) from the world's oceans. Haaziq was one of the youngest presenters at TEDx at multiple occasions. He was widely covered by media for being a young innovator and titled a 'child prodigy' by many. ERVIS is the creation of Haaziq which is a large vessel in the ocean with multiple saucers attached to it. ERVIS could help suck wastes out the surface of oceans. He has also interacted with press and media to raise awareness on the plastic problem and how it is affecting marine life.

Background ==
Haaziq as a student of Grade VIII (2019), in Indus International School Pune; as part of project had created a prototype of a ship called ERVIS which is an alias assigned to the large ship to clean ocean of waste materials as part of cleaning the nature. He presented at TED ED weekend in New York in June 2017 where he did his first international Talk. Subsequently, he has spoken at TedxGateway in Mumbai on his journey of ERVIS and the peril of plastic pollution.

Project ERVIS 
As Haaziq describes, "the ship is essentially a large boat powered by hydrogen and renewable natural gas with various compartments and saucers surrounding it". The saucers, float on the surface gravitate to create a whirlpool to pull the waste towards its center. These saucers will have a central outlet which will swallow the waste and is connected via a tube to various chambers in the ship. These chambers include an oil chamber which collects waste oil. There are four more chambers which are for large, medium, small & micro waste respectively.

Three core principles go behind concept of ERVIS

● Phase 1: Clean the current waste floating in the ocean.

● Phase 2: Analyze the data from the waste which ERVIS collected to isolate major pollutants and their respective sources.

● Phase 3: Stop waste disposal at source, which is getting disposed by pollutants in oceans.

See also
 Prasiddhi Singh

References

External links 
 Ervis Foundation

2006 births
Living people
People from Pune
Students in India
Indian environmentalists
Adriana Neumann de Oliveira. Adriana Neumann de Oliveira (born 25 January 1980) is a Brazilian mathematician specializing in interacting particle systems, awarded by the L'Oréal-UNESCO Prizes for women in science in 2016. She is a professor in the Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul.

Neumann earned her Ph.D. in 2011 at the Instituto Nacional de Matemática Pura e Aplicada. Her dissertation, Hydrodynamical Limit and Large Deviations Principle for the Exclusion Process with Slow Bonds, was supervised by .

She is an affiliate member of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences, elected in 2020.

References

External links 
 Video produced by L'Oréal Brasil on Adriana Neumann

1980 births
Living people
21st-century Brazilian mathematicians
Brazilian women mathematicians
21st-century women mathematicians
Academic staff of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
Place of birth missing (living people)
Sablatnig C.III. The Sablatnig C.III was a monoplane C-type reconnaissance two-seater aircraft developed and built by Sablatnig in Berlin, Germany, in 1918.

Design
The C.III monoplane was of wooden construction with a plywood-covered fuselage and fabric coverings. Like the Sablatnig C.II, the C.III used a Maybach Mb.IVa engine.

Specifications

References

Bibliography

Sablatnig aircraft
1910s German military reconnaissance aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Monoplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1918
Wichita Engineering TG-10. The Wichita Engineering TG-10 was a proposed American training glider conceived by Wichita Engineering in the early 1940s.

Design and development
The TG-10 was designed as a two-seat training glider with a side-by-side cockpit configuration. One aircraft was ordered on 25 June 1942 with the serial 42-57197. However, the contract was cancelled on 1 March 1943 before the aircraft was completed.

Specifications

See also

References

External links

1940s United States sailplanes
Glider aircraft
Mid-wing aircraft
Turbine trip. A turbine trip is the automatic safety shutdown of a power-generation turbine due to unexpected events. Due to the number of issues that may cause a trip, they are relatively common events. The term is common in both coal and nuclear power generation.

Many events can cause a turbine trip, including:

 turbine overspeed condition where the turbine accelerates over its design speed, typically by 10%
 low vacuum in the secondary cooling loop, or condenser
 lubrication failure for any number of reasons
 vibrations due to any number of issues

In order to trip the turbine, inlet steam must be removed from the feed. This is normally accomplished with dump valves that re-route the feed steam from the turbine inlet directly into the condensers.

References 
 

Power station technology
Turbines
Focke-Wulf Fw 238. The Focke-Wulf Nr. 238 Fernkampfflugzeug was a four-engine strategic bomber developed by the German aeronautical company Focke-Wulf-Flugzeugbau AG in the early 1940s and remained at the project stage. Designed to the same specifications issued by the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (RLM) which led to the Focke-Wulf Ta 400 and Junkers Ju 390, its development was cancelled by the RLM.

Design and development
In March 1941 the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (ministry of the air, abbreviated RLM), the ministry that during the Nazi period was responsible for the whole aviation of Germany, expressed the need to acquire a new long-range bombardment aircraft capable of carrying a war load of 5,000 kg of bombs with a range of 15,000 km. Focke-Wulf and Junkers responded to the request by starting a project for a large tactical bomber suitable to meet the specifications issued.

Focke-Wulf planned the development of an all-encompassing four-engine aircraft in a trailing configuration that could be equipped with the best engines currently being developed, the BMW 803 of 3 900 PS combined with four-bladed propellers counter-rotating or BMW 801. The baseline design conceived under drawing Nr. 238 had four BMW 803s, a long fuselage integrated the cockpit pressurized for the five (or according to other sources ten) crew members on the front, the ventral bomb compartment and a twin-tail, chosen to improve the field of fire of the two barbette hydraulically driven dorsal turrets equipped with a pair of  MG 151/20 gauge 20 mm autocannons. An additional two identical ventral turrets and, optional for the anti-shipping configuration, a gondola equipped with 4 cannons MK 108 caliber 30 mm. The landing gear was the typical tail-wheel configuration, with the two front axle springs cushioned and equipped with twin wheels integrated by a retractible tailwheel. A somewhat smaller four-engine version, equipped with radial BMW 801 D, with a length of 30.6 m by 5.8 m height with a 50 m opening wing and a surface area of 240 m². Although these designs are known in some sources as Fw 238, this was a postwar invention by some aviation historians derived from Nr. 238 for the early BMW-powered Focke-Wulf Fernkampfflugzeug designs.

In reality none of the versions passed the design phase and their development, which according to some estimates could have been completed with a prototype able to fly by the end of 1944, was terminated by an order dated 14 February 1943 in which the RLM required companies to devote themselves as a priority to the development of models to be used in the air defense of the Reich.

Variants 
 Nr 238
 four-engine version equipped with BMW 803 radial engines driving counter-rotating propellers.
 Nr. 238H
 small four-engine variant, length - , height - , span - , wing area , equipped with BMW 801 engines.

Specifications (Nr. 238, larger design)

References

Further reading 
 

Focke-Wulf aircraft
BMD-20. The BMD-20 (GRAU designation 8U33) was a 200 mm multiple rocket launcher (MRL) created by the Soviet Union.

Overview
Following the success of rocket artillery systems like the Katyusha during World War II, the Soviet Union continued development on such weapons. Development of the BMD-20 began in 1947 and it was accepted into Soviet Army service in 1952. The system was based on a ZIS-151 6×6 truck chassis carrying four rockets in an open steel lattice resting at +9° elevation which could be raised to +60° and traverse 20° to the sides. The launcher is crewed by eight men, three of which are seated inside the cab with the rest seated externally. The windows of the cab are protected by folding metal sheet covers when firing. Once in position, the BMD-20 can be made ready to fire within two minutes.

Each MD-20F 200 mm fin stabilized rocket measured  long and weighed  with a  high explosive warhead. They had a maximum range of  and could all be fired in 4-6 seconds. Accompanied by a reloading vehicle, the launcher took five men 6-10 minutes to reload manually, which usually happened at another location away from the firing position to avoid counter battery fire. Although powerful, the rockets were not accurate, dispersing 90-210 meters from each other, so multiple launchers were intended to be used at once to bombard a large area.

Service
The BMD-20 entered service with the Soviet Union in 1952 and remained in production to the end of the decade with 4,000 systems produced. It was in use until the mid-1970s when it was replaced by the BM-27 Uragan. Unlike other Soviet artillery systems, it was not widely exported. It was exported to Ethiopia, who used them until the late 1980s, as well as Cuba.

North Korea received 200 BMD-20s in the mid-1950s and still has the weapon in service. The rockets are mounted on the ZiL-157 truck and naval launchers, mounting eight on patrol boats.

References

Cold War artillery of the Soviet Union
Multiple rocket launchers of the Soviet Union
Military vehicles introduced in the 1950s
Elizabeth B. Dussan V.. Elizabeth B. Stein Dussan V, who was born in 1946, is an American applied mathematician, condensed matter physicist, and chemical engineer. Her research involves fluid dynamics, and she is known for her work on wetting, porous media, and fluid-fluid interfaces.

Education and career
Dussan completed her undergraduate degree in applied mathematics from Stony Brook University in 1967. Furthermore, she completed her Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University in 1972. Her dissertation, On the Motion of a Line Common to Three Different Materials, was supervised by applied mathematician Stephen H. Davis., and was a part of her work while studying for her Ph.D.

She is retired as a Scientific Advisor for the Schlumberger-Doll Research Center, as well as having taught chemical engineering at the University of Pennsylvania.

Recognition
Dussan became a Guggenheim Fellow in 1984, honoring her for the work and research in "spreading of liquids on solid surfaces".
Following this achievement, she then became a Fellow of the American Physical Society in 1985 "for her deep insights into the mechanisms and the realistic modeling of phenomena involving fluid-fluid interfaces, particularly in situations in which moving contact lines and mutual fluid displacement occur".

She was elected to the National Academy of Engineering in 2004 "for innovative contributions to the wetting of solids and complex flows in porous media".
In 2009, she became one of the inaugural Fellows of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics for her actions and contributions in wetting and flow in porous media.   

In 1985, Stony Brook University awarded her their Distinguished Alumni Award as a result of her work as a Guggenheim Fellow of the American Physical Society.

References

1946 births
Living people
20th-century American mathematicians
American physicists
American women physicists
American fluid dynamicists
Stony Brook University alumni
Johns Hopkins University alumni
University of Pennsylvania faculty
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Fellows of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
21st-century American women
20th-century American women mathematicians
Aviatik D.VI. The Aviatik D.VI was a German prototype single-seater fighter aircraft of the First World War, designed by Aviatik.

Design
The D.VI was a two-bay biplane of wooden construction with ply-covered fuselage and fabric-covered wings and tail surfaces. Armament comprised two synchronised  LMG 08/15 Spandau machine guns and power was provided by a geared Benz Bz.IIIbm.

Development
The D.VI was intended to participate in the second D-type Contest held at Adlershof in June 1918, but, owing to problems with the reduction gear of the Bz.IIIbm, it was too late to participate in this contest, and by the time type-testing had revealed excellent flight characteristics, the D.VI had already been overtaken by the D.VII.

Specifications

References

Bibliography

 
 

D.VI
1910s German fighter aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1918
Tii. Tii or TII may refer to:

Tii language of Indonesia
Tiene language of DR Congo (ISO 639-3 code tii)
Tii (song), an Estonian song
Tarinkot Airport, southeastern Afghanistan (IATA code: TII)
 Tiye (c. 1398 BC – 1338 BC), wife of Egyptian pharaoh Amenhotep III.
Transport Infrastructure Ireland, a state agency, manages road and transport infrastructure in Ireland 
Technology Innovation Institute, research body of the Abu Dhabi government, concerned with quantum computing, AI, robotics, cryptography etc.
Transporter Industry International, conglomerate of companies in the heavy duty vehicles industry

See also

 T2 (disambiguation)
Aviation Technical Museum (Luhansk). The Aviation Technical Museum () is a large aviation museum located in Lugansk.

Converted into a museum in 1996, the Aviation Technical Museum's first exhibits were aircraft which required maintenance and had been sent to . However, due to lack of funding, these planes and helicopters remained there, and subsequently were simply written off as scrap metal. It was then that it was decided to preserve these aircraft and they were added to the museum.

On April 12, 2011, the museum opened an exhibition dedicated to the 50th anniversary of the first crewed flight into space and the 90th anniversary of the birth of pilot-cosmonaut Georgy Berehovoy.

Helicopters

Aircraft

UAV

References

Museums in Luhansk Oblast
Aerospace museums in Ukraine
Military and war museums in Ukraine
Open-air museums in Ukraine
Gevorg Gorgisyan. Gevorg Gorgisyan (; born 23 January 1986), is an Armenian politician, Member of the National Assembly of Armenia and the secretary of Bright Armenia faction.

Biography 
In the period of 2007-2009 Gorgisyan served in the Armed Forces of the Republic of Armenia.
In 2003 he entered the Computer Systems and Computer Science Department of the Armenian State Engineering University. In 2011 Gevorg graduated with a Master's Degree from the “Synopsys Armenia” Educational Department, receiving specialty of Automation of Electronic Design.

From February 1, 2007 to January 12, 2015 Gorigisyan worked in the number of IT companies: namely Armproject, “Stream Tech” LLC, NairiSoft, Altakod, IAM Cloud.

In 2013-2014 he was member of the coordinating group of the “I am against” initiative. After that he become member of the coordinating group of the “Bright Armenia” initiative.

In 2015 elected a member of the council of the Bright Armenia party.

From 2017 to 2019 Gorgisyan was member of the National Assembly (electoral district #2 of the alliance of parties “Way Out”). In the period of May 24.2017 - September 19. 2018 - Member of the Standing Committee on European Integration of the National Assembly.

In December 9, 2018 Gevorg Gorgisyan elected Member of the National Assembly of Armenia from the territorial electoral list of the electoral district #2 of the Bright Armenia party.

References 

1986 births
Living people
21st-century Armenian politicians
Politicians from Yerevan
Bright Armenia politicians
Tetracyanomethane. Tetracyanomethane or carbon tetracyanide is an organic compound with the chemical formula . It is a percyanoalkane. It is a molecular carbon nitride. The structure can be considered as methane with all hydrogen atoms replaced by cyanide groups. It was first made by Erwin Mayer in 1969.

Properties
Tetracyanomethane is a solid at room temperature. It decomposes over 160 °C without melting, and although it can be in a dilute vapour, no liquid form is known.
The molecules of tetracyanomethane have a tetrahedral symmetry (3m or Td). The molecule has C-C distance of 1.484 Å and C-N distance of 1.161 Å in the gas form. In the solid the C≡N bond shortens to 1.147 Å. The C-C bond has a force constant of 4.86×105 dyn/cm which is slightly greater than the C-Cl bond in carbon tetrachloride, but a fair bit weaker than in the tricyanomethanide ion. At pressures over 7 GPa tetracyanomethane starts to polymerize to form a disorganised covalent network solid. At higher pressure the white colour yellows and darkens to black. Over 20 GPa the polymerization is total.

The bulk modulus K0 = 4.4 and its derivative K0' = 18.

Production
Tetracyanomethane can be made by reacting cyanogen chloride with silver tricyanomethanide.

Reactions
In an acid solution in water tetracyanomethane is hydrolysed to yield tricyanomethanide and ammonium ions along with carbon dioxide. In alkaline solutions tricyanomethanide and cyanate ions are produced.

See also
Tricyanomethane (cyanoform)
Tetraethynylmethane

References

Nitriles
Bréguet 11 Corsaire. The Bréguet XI  was a prototype French biplane bomber of the First World War.

Development
In 1915, German fighters and well-established air defense systems made flights by French bombers extremely unsafe. French commanders therefore urgently ordered the production of new, more sophisticated bomber aircraft. Two main lines of development were devised - the development of light, high-speed and heavy, but well-protected aircraft. 

The first flight of the Bréguet XI took place in February 1916. Despite the satisfactory test results, the French military refused the aircraft, arguing that  the Bréguet XI was too large for frontline aviation.

Specifications

See also

References

1910s French bomber aircraft
 0011
Trimotors
Aircraft first flown in 1916
Armavir air base. Armavir is a military airfield in Krasnodar Territory, located on the southern outskirts of the city Armavir. The 713th Training Aviation Regiment (Military Unit Number 78738) is based at the aerodrome, which is part of the 783rd Training Center. The regiment instructors provide training for fighter aircraft on the Yak-130 L-39 and MiG-29 aircraft.

An airfield (the second in the immediate area) was built on the eve of the war during the creation of the Armavir Military Aviation School of Pilots. The official start date for the formation of the school is December 1, 1940, the annual holiday of the unit is set for February 23, 1941.

The Armavir Military Aviation School of Pilots and its three regiments were transferred to the Soviet Air Defence Forces in 1960.

The possibility is being discussed of creating an Armavir airport by reconstructing the military aerodrome and bringing it into compliance with the standards of civil aviation aerodromes.

Accidents and disasters
 September 14, 2006: in the area of Armavir city, a L-39 training aircraft crashed during a scheduled training flight. A cadet ejected and the pilot-instructor Dmitry Khrebtov died.
 February 1, 2008: a L-39 crashed. During the performance of a flight task, the engine stopped. After two unsuccessful attempts to restart, the pilot took the plane to a safe area and Second-class pilot Major Serov safely ejected.
 September 4, 2014: in the Armavir region, during a training flight of a MiG-31 aircraft, the landing gear did not lower during the approach to landing. Both pilots ejected and managed to survive. According to the official representative of the Russian Defense Ministry Igor Konashenkov, the pilots were quickly found and taken by helicopter to the base airfield.

See also 
 List of military airbases in Russia

References

Russian Air Force bases
Air force installations of the Soviet Union
Soviet Air Defence Force bases
Airports in Krasnodar Krai
Military installations established in the 1940s
Bréguet 903. The Bréguet 903 was a single seat French competition sailplane from the 1950s.

Design
The Bréguet 903 was a glider intended for flying at very high altitude (more than 12,000 m), particularly for weather and atmospheric physics research. It was planned to release it at the maximum altitude allowed by a tow plane flying over 200 km/h.

Development
The Br 902's initial conception dates back to the Second World War. It was improved in 1945, taking into account research conducted in Nazi Germany during the high-altitude glider conflict, including DFS 228. It was initially performed at the Arsenal of Aeronautics, by a team including engineers Raymond Jarlaud, Roger Cartier and Bernard Schneider among others. After abandonment by the Arsenal, the construction contract was taken over by S.E.V.I.M.I.A. (Société d'Etudes Victor Minié Aéronautique) receiving the designation SEVIMIA S.10.From March 1954, Bréguet, which had created a sailplane department, turn took over the study and completion of the S-10, under the name of Bréguet 903, to fit in with the Br 900 to Br 906 series, though having no relationship to any.
 
The construction of the prototype was continued at the Aire-sur-Adour plant under the direction of Roger Cartier, the program is still under the responsibility of Raymond Jarlaud. The apparatus, whose construction was abnormally long, never flew. He undergoes static tests, then tests of resistance of the cabin with the pressure and the cold, in the laboratory of the factories Chausson. The waterproof cabin was then tested in caisson at Brétigny in 1958. But the interest offered by the project seemed limited now. We had become less optimistic about the altitude he could reach. The program was definitively abandoned at the beginning of 1960.

Specifications

References

External links
 J2mcL Planeurs - Breguet Br-903

1950s French sailplanes
 0903
Glider aircraft
Shoulder-wing aircraft
Cruciform tail aircraft
Unflown aircraft