omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Goodwood plant. The Goodwood plant is the headquarters, design, manufacturing and assembly centre for Rolls-Royce Motor Cars.

Officially opened on 1 January 2003, the plant is situated on a site covering . The plant has been expanded since. Over 1,700 workers are currently employed at Goodwood. As of 2017, the plant produced approximately 20 cars a day.

History
After BMW bought the rights to the Rolls-Royce brand as applied to motor cars from Vickers plc, it required a new manufacturing plant in which to build the new cars. Rolls-Royce cars had until this time been built at the Crewe plant, but both the plant and the Bentley brand had been sold to the Volkswagen Group.

BMW came to an agreement with the Earl of March to buy a greenfield site on his Goodwood Estate, near Chichester, West Sussex. The original plant, located close to Goodwood Circuit and Westhampnett village, cost £65 million. BMW engaged architect Sir Nicholas Grimshaw, the architect of the Eden Project in Cornwall. Designed to fit into its environment, the plant cannot be viewed from the road, in part due to a 3.5 ha "living roof" planted with sedum plants, the largest such roof in the UK. Other features help the 42-acre site blend in with the surrounding countryside, such as the planting of 400,000 plants and over 120 species of trees, as well as limestone and cedar cladding on the buildings. The plant is situated in an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, which may make further expansion difficult.

Technology and Logistics Centre
Rolls-Royce opened its new Technology and Logistics Centre (TLC) in January 2016. The  facility is located in Bognor Regis, eight miles from the Goodwood plant. The TLC provides logistics support to the manufacturing plant for current and future models, and consolidates three operations: an inbound warehouse for production parts, a distribution centre – including an inbound body store and finished car store – and a workshop. The TLC will be extended in late-2017 by almost  to meet growing demand and in readiness for future models, such as the Cullinan. The expansion will give the TLC the same overall footprint as the Goodwood plant.

Models produced
 Rolls-Royce Ghost: 2009 – Present
 Rolls-Royce Phantom VIII: 2017 – Present
 Rolls-Royce Cullinan: 2018 – Present
 Rolls-Royce Spectre: 2023 – Present

Former models produced
 Rolls-Royce Phantom VII: 2003–2016
 Rolls-Royce Phantom Drophead Coupé: 2007–2016
 Rolls-Royce Phantom Coupé: 2008–2016
 Rolls-Royce Wraith: 2013–2023
 Rolls-Royce Dawn: 2015–2023

References

External links

"A greener Goodwood" - Rolls-Royce Motor Cars

Rolls-Royce Motor Cars
Buildings and structures in West Sussex
Motor vehicle assembly plants in the United Kingdom
Goodwood estate

de:Rolls-Royce Motor Cars#Goodwood (seit 2003)
Jakob Yngvason. Jakob Yngvason (born 23 November 1945) is an Icelandic/Austrian physicist and emeritus professor of mathematical physics at the University of Vienna.  He has made important contributions to local quantum field theory, thermodynamics, and the quantum theory of many-body systems, in particular cold atomic gases and Bose–Einstein condensation. He is co-author, together with Elliott H. Lieb, Jan Philip Solovej and Robert Seiringer, of a monograph on Bose gases.

Career
After graduating from high school in 1964 in Reykjavík, Yngvason studied physics at Göttingen University, obtaining his Diploma in physics in 1969, and a doctorate (dr.rer.nat) in 1973. His thesis advisor was Hans-Jürgen Borchers. Yngvason was assistant professor at the University of Göttingen, 1973–1978, 1978–1985 research scientist at the Science Institute of the University of Iceland, and during 1985–1996 professor of theoretical physics at the University of Iceland. In 1996, he became professor of mathematical physics at the University of Vienna, where he has been emeritus professor since October 2014. He was president of the Erwin Schrödinger Institute for Mathematical Physics (ESI) in Vienna, 1998-2003, and scientific director of the institute 2004–2011. He was vice-president of the International Association of Mathematical Physics, 2000–2005, and editor-in-chief of Reviews in Mathematical Physics, 2006-2010. He is a member of the Societas Scientiarum Islandica and corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences in Göttingen and the Royal Danish Academy of Science and Letters, Copenhagen.

For their theoretical work in thermodynamics, Yngvason and Lieb received the Levi Conant Prize of the American Mathematical Society in 2002, for a paper on the mathematical explanation of the second law of thermodynamics. In 2004,he received the Erwin Schrödinger Prize of the Austrian Academy of Sciences.

Personal life
Yngvason is married to Guðrún Kvaran, professor of lexicography at the University of Iceland; they have two children.

References

External links
 Home page at Vienna University
 https://web.archive.org/web/20120306040442/http://www.oeaw.ac.at/shared/news/2004/press_inf_20041011.html
 

1945 births
Living people
Austrian physicists
Academic staff of the University of Vienna
Jakob Yngvason
John H.L. Hansen. John H.L. Hansen (born November 17, 1959, in Plainfield, New Jersey) is professor of electrical engineering (EE) and associate dean for research in Erik Jonsson School of Engineering & Computer Science, at the University of Texas at Dallas (UTD). He is also the University Distinguished Chair in Telecommunications Engineering, and holds a joint appointment as professor in the School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences. He is the son of Henrik Hansen, Danish wrestling champion who won a bronze medal in Greco-Roman wrestling, welterweight class, at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London.

Education
Hansen received the B.S.E.E. degree with highest honors from Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ in 1982. He received the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, in 1983 and 1988, respectively.

Career 
He started his academic career as assistant professor in the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, in 1988, where he established the Robust Speech Processing Laboratory, (RSPL) and worked closely with the Duke Medical Center and corporations in Research Triangle Park, NC.

In 1999, he moved to The University of Colorado at Boulder (CU-Boulder), where he served as department chairman and professor in the Department of Speech, Language & Hearing Sciences, and held a joint appointment as professor in the Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering. While at CU-Boulder, he co-founded the Center for Speech and Language Research (CSLR), where he served as associate director from 1999 to 2003.

In 2005, he was named head of the Electrical Engineering Department at the University of Texas at Dallas (UTD), a position he held till November 2012 before he was appointed as associate dean for research in Erik Jonsson School of Engineering & Computer Science at UTDallas. At UTD, he established the Center for Robust Speech Systems (CRSS), which is focused on interdisciplinary research in speech processing, hearing sciences, and language technologies.

Awards and honors
Hansen was the recipient of a Whitaker Foundation Biomedical Research Award in 1993, a National Science Foundation's Research Initiation Award in 1990, and has been named a Lilly Foundation Teaching Fellow for "Contributions to the Advancement of Engineering Education".

References

External links 
 John H.L. Hansen's Homepage
 CRSS Homepage

University of Texas at Dallas faculty
Fellows of the IEEE
Georgia Tech alumni
Living people
1959 births
People from Plainfield, New Jersey
Moto Martin. Moto Martin is a French engineering company, started by Georges Martin, known for its motorsport inspired or café racer style racing frame kits for motorcycles. The original Moto Martin frame designs were based on the work of Fritz Egli. The company also manufactured its own wheels, body kits and, later, kitcars. Georges Martin capitalized upon building kit cars at a time when many riders in Europe couldn't afford to build their own modified cars. One model is known as a KZ900 Turbo. Cycle World in 1987 stated that "Moto Martin's products have a reputation for high-quality construction that places them above the level of most other frame manufacturers." Moto Martin motorcycles have been compared to the likes of Bimota, Harris and Nico Bakker.

References

Motorcycle manufacturers of France
Ranney Bridge. Ranney Bridge is a historic Pratt Pony Truss Bridge over the Ausable River at Keene Valley in Essex County, New York.  It was built in 1902 and was built by the Canton Iron Bridge Company.  It was originally located at the hamlet of New Russia and moved to its present site about 1925.  It is 15 feet, 9 inches wide and spans 59 feet, 9 inches at roughly 7 feet, 4 inches above water level.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

References

Road bridges on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)
Bridges completed in 1902
Bridges in Essex County, New York
National Register of Historic Places in Essex County, New York
Pratt truss bridges in the United States
Metal bridges in the United States
Ausable River (New York)
1902 establishments in New York (state)
Canton Bridge Company
Relocated buildings and structures in New York (state)
Robustness testing. Robustness testing is any quality assurance methodology focused on testing the robustness of software. Robustness testing has also been used to describe the process of verifying the robustness (i.e. correctness) of test cases in a test process. ANSI and IEEE have defined robustness as the degree to which a system or component can function correctly in the presence of invalid inputs or stressful environmental conditions.

The term "robustness testing" was first used by the Ballista project at Carnegie Mellon University. They performed testing of operating systems for dependability based on the data types of POSIX API, producing complete system crashes in some systems. The term was also used by OUSPG and VTT researchers taking part in the PROTOS project in the context of software security testing. Eventually the term fuzzing (which security people use for mostly non-intelligent and random robustness testing) extended to also cover model-based robustness testing.

Methods

Fault injection 
Fault injection is a testing method that can be used for checking the robustness of systems. During the process, testing engineers inject faults into systems and observe the system's resiliency. Test engineers can develop efficient methods which aid fault injection to find critical faults in the system.

See also
 Robustness (computer science)
Fault injection

References

Software testing
Thermax. Thermax Ltd is an Indian multinational engineering conglomerate, involved in clean air, clean energy and clean water, headquartered in Pune.

History 
Thermax manufactures boilers to harness the power of steam. The company started with producing small, once-through, "baby" boilers to cater to the steam requirements at hospitals. It was established in 1966, when A. S. Bhathena collaborated with a Belgian company, Wanson, to commence business operations in Dadar, Mumbai, India as Wanson India Ltd., manufacturing small boilers.

On 15 February 1995 it became a public company on the Bombay Stock Exchange. It has, since long, been known simply as Thermax Limited.

In 2009, it signed a 51–49 joint venture with US firm SPX Corporation to provide equipment and services for the Indian power sector.

In 2010, it signed a joint venture agreement with US-based Babcock & Wilcox to manufacture super-critical boilers for the power sector.

See also 
 List of boiler types, by manufacturer

References

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning companies
Manufacturing companies established in 1980
Manufacturing companies based in Pune
Multinational companies headquartered in India
Engineering companies of India
Indian brands
Indian companies established in 1980
1980 establishments in Maharashtra
Companies listed on the National Stock Exchange of India
Companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange
Georges Martin (engineer). Georges Lucien Raymond Martin (14 March 1930 – 29 July 2017) was a French engineer who designed automobile internal combustion engines, including the Simca Poissy engine that was produced from 1961 until 1991, and the Matra Sports V12 engine for Formula One (F1) and endurance sportscar racing.

Career 

Martin graduated from the Génie mécanique et électrique (Mechanical and Electrical Engineering) department of l'École Spéciale des Travaux Publics (ESTP — the Special School of Public Works). He joined Simca in 1959.

In the Simca design office, he designed the Poissy engine that was in production in various displacements for 30 years, from its first appearance in the Simca 1000 in 1961 to the last use under Peugeot ownership in 1991, when it was fitted to the Peugeot 309. This engine was noted for its reliability, and for producing better than average power and torque from its modest displacement. It was fairly advanced for its time, having an aluminum head and sump, five main bearings, and a reasonably high compression ratio, but was sometimes criticized for excessive valve train noise. This noise was the result of the engine using a double-row timing chain with no tensioner, which was noisier than an equivalent single-row chain with tensioner. The engine was successfully rallied in the 1970s and appeared in a number of cars from Simca, Matra, Chrysler, Talbot, Peugeot, Plymouth, and Dodge.

Martin joined Matra at the end of 1966, at the invitation of Philippe Guédon, a former colleague at Simca who later became CEO of Matra. Arriving at Matra, he did not really know what was expected of him until Matra CEO Jean-Luc Lagardère told him that he would be developing a new F1 engine with a targeted specific output of 150 hp per litre. The resulting Matra Sports V12 engine gave Matra three consecutive wins at Le Mans from 1972 to 1974, the World Championship for Makes constructors title in 1973 and 1974, and a number of Formula One Grand Prix victories in Ligier F1 cars.

Martin's last major project for Matra was a new 120° 1.5-litre turbocharged V6 F1 engine. The engine reached the prototype stage. Martin left Matra in 1992.

A room in the Matra museum at Romorantin-Lanthenay featuring Matra's racing engines is named for Martin.

Personal life
Martin was married to Colette Martin, née Jouvet. Colette died on 31 January 2013.

References

Further reading

External links 

 

French automotive engineers
People in the automobile industry
1930 births
2017 deaths
21st-century French engineers
20th-century French engineers
Formula One engine engineers
Sprite multiplexing. Sprite multiplexing is a computer graphics technique where additional sprites (moving images) can be drawn on the screen, beyond the nominal maximum.  It is largely historical, applicable principally to older hardware, where limited resources (such as CPU speed and memory) meant only a relatively small number of sprites were supported. On the other hand, it is also true that without multiplexing, the sprite circuitry would be idle much of the time, and limited resources were wasted.

Description 

The sprite multiplexing technique is based on the idea that while the hardware may only support a finite number of sprites, it is sometimes possible to re-use the same sprite "slots" more than once per frame or scan line. The program will first use the hardware to draw one or more sprite(s), as normal. Before the next frame (or next scanline) needs to be drawn, the software reprograms the hardware to display additional sprites, in other positions.

For example, the Nintendo Entertainment System explicitly supports hardware sprite multiplexing, where it has 64 hardware sprites, but is only capable of rendering 8 of them per scanline.  On the older Atari 2600, sprite multiplexing was not intentionally designed in, but programmers discovered they could reset the TIA graphics chip to draw additional sprites on the same scanline.

The sprite multiplexing technique relies on the program being able to identify what part of the video screen is being drawn at the moment, or being triggered by the video hardware to run a subroutine at the crucial moment.  The programmer must carefully consider the layout of the screen. If the video graphics hardware is not reprogrammed in time for the extra sprites to be displayed, they will not appear, or will be drawn incorrectly.

Modern video graphics hardware typically does not use hardware sprites, since modern computer systems do not have the kind of limitations that sprite hardware is designed to circumvent.

Implementations 

Systems that allow the programmer to employ the sprite multiplexing technique include:

 Atari 2600
 Atari 8-bit computers
 Amiga
 Commodore 64
 MSX
 Nintendo Entertainment System
 Super Nintendo Entertainment System
 Master System
 Sega Genesis / Mega Drive

References 

Computer graphics
Carbonite (explosive). Carbonite was one of the earliest and most successful coal-mining explosives. It is made from such ingredients as nitroglycerin, wood meal, and some nitrate as that of sodium; also nitrobenzene, sulfur, and diatomaceous earth. Carbonite was invented by Bichel of Schmidt and Bichel.

The term Carbonite can refer to these things: 
 least commonly, an early explosive from Schmidt and Bichel made of sulphuretted tar oil, , and sodium nitrate,
 dynamite made to the specific Carbonite recipe and sold by Schmidt and Bichel under that name, or
 an entire class of spin-offs of the original recipe (Arctic Carbonite, Ammonkarbonit, etc.); their common feature is that the percentage of combustible materials (wood meal or flour starch) is so high that most of the carbon in the reaction is bound into carbon monoxide and the temperature of combustion is relatively low. Some safety dynamites are carbonites.

References 

Explosives
Paper Aircraft Released Into Space. The Paper Aircraft Released Into Space (PARIS) project was a privately organized endeavour undertaken by various staff members of the British information technology website The Register to design, build, test, and launch a lightweight aerospace vehicle, constructed mostly of paper and similar structural materials, into the mid-stratosphere and recover it intact.

On 28 October 2010, an aircraft was successfully launched at —17 miles up—setting a then world record for "highest altitude paper plane launch" recognised by Guinness World Records at a location about  west of Madrid, Spain.

Project
Staffers at The Register, inspired by the CU Spaceflight Nova 1 project, formally announced their intention to initiate a project of their own on 30 July 2009. The aircraft's name was selected by a poll of the readers of The Register. was subsequently named Vulture 1 (a reference to The Register own nickname "Vulture Central").

The use of the word "space" in the project's name refers to "near space", not "outer space", since it was not planned for the vehicle to ascend to an altitude above the Kármán line (the boundary of outer space, defined by the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale as  above the earth's surface); it is nevertheless a project that is closely related to the concept of private spaceflight.

Lester Haines, special projects editor ("Iberian Bureau") at The Register, as part of his reporting on CU Spaceflight's Nova 1 mission in 2006, and at the behest of Nova team member Carl Morland, mused that "El Reg might like to contribute something" as a payload to a future high-altitude balloon project, and invited the online magazine's readership to make suggestions as to what kind of payload package should be designed and built. After languishing for a few years in limbo, the balloon payload project was resurrected in July 2009 and called PARIS, as a backronym from Paper Aircraft Released Into Space after Paris Hilton, the payload type having been suggested by readers in 2006.

The paper plane was successfully launched on 28 October 2010.

LOHAN
 The Register was working on PARIS' successor, named LOHAN (short for "Low Orbit Helium Assisted Navigator"), a balloon-launched rocket-powered aircraft. However, Lester Haines died in 2016 of a heart attack while LOHAN was still awaiting FAA approval, and as of 2023 The Register has yet to publish anything more about it.

See also
 Paper planes launched from space

References 

Paper planes
Spaceflight
Acid brick. Acid brick or acid resistant brick is a specially made form of masonry brick that is chemically resistant and thermally durable. Acid brick is created from high silica shale and fired at higher temperatures than those used for conventional brick. Some manufacturers create the brick by baking it for over a week. It has an average compressive strength of approximately 23,000 PSI.

The ASTM specification C-279 creates specifications for acid brick properties. Acid brick is not resistant against hydrofluoric acid or strong alkali.

Varieties
Acid brick comes in multiple varieties. The most frequently used variety is red shale. Others include fireclay, silica brick, and carbon brick.

References

Masonry
Monit. Monit is a free, open-source process supervision tool for Unix and Linux. With Monit, system status can be viewed directly from the command line, or via the native HTTP(S) web server. Monit is able to do automatic maintenance, repair, and run meaningful causal actions in error situations. Monit rose to popularity with Ruby on Rails and the Mongrel web server, because a tool was needed that could manage the many identical Mongrel processes that needed to be run to support a scalable Ruby on Rails site, and Monit was fairly uniquely suited for the needs of the Ruby on Rails community. Many popular Rails sites have used Monit, including Twitter and scribd.

Monit can restart a process automatically if the process dies or monitor process characteristics, such as memory or CPU cycles, and alert by email or execute and action.

Additionally, M/Monit can monitor and manage distributed computer systems, M/Monit uses Monit as an agent and can manage and monitor. M/Monit is proprietary software.

References

External links
 
 Monit project page at Bitbucket
 Gentoo wiki: Monit

Software using the GNU Affero General Public License
Unix process- and task-management-related software