omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Japan Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. The Japan Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (JSRS) is a Japanese learned society devoted to photogrammetry and remote sensing.
It is a member of the International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.  
ISRS publishes the Journal of the Japan Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing.

See also
 American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

References

Photogrammetry organizations
Remote sensing organizations
Learned societies of Japan
Kaleta Hydropower Plant. The Kaleta Hydropower Plant (), also known as Kaleta Hydropower Project or Kaléta Hydropower Station, is a water conservancy project in the Republic of Guinea, located in the Konkoure River Basinin Western Guinea, with a total installed capacity of 240 MW. This project was constructed by China International Water & Electric Corporation.

The construction of the project officially started on 18 April 2012, with an estimated cost of $527 million. On May 28, 2015, the first unit of the hydropower station was officially connected to the grid for power generation. On September 28, 2015, local time in Guinea, the plant was completed and inaugurated in a celebration ceremony.

Before the Souapiti Hydropower Station is scheduled to be completed and put into operation in 2021, the Kaleta Hydropower Plant is the largest hydropower station in Guinea.

See also
 Koukoutamba Hydroelectric Power Station

References

Energy infrastructure completed in 2015
Hydroelectric power stations in Guinea
Sandra Pascoe Ortiz. Sandra Pascoe Ortiz is a Mexican researcher and chemical engineer. She is a faculty member at the Universidad del Valle de Atemajac in Zapopan. Ortiz is known for developing a non-toxic, renewable, and biodegradable plastic alternative made from cactus juice.

Education and career
Ortiz finished Engineering from the University of Guadalajara in August 1995. She obtained a degree in biotechnology from the same university in August 1999.

She began teaching at the Universidad del Valle de Atemajac in January 2002. In January 2011, she was promoted as a research professor and has been working on sustainable development and innovation projects since.

Eco-friendly plastic alternative
In 2013, Ortiz began researching on using nopal cactus as a base for plastic with a few students. There was a lack of support from the international community—thereby an insufficiency with equipment, materials and interest from fellow scientists—so the study was eventually abandoned. She later continued the project with a new set of students.

Ortiz found out that the cactus is composed of the same sugars and gums that make up the creation of biopolymer substances, which are the building blocks of plastic itself. They initially used the most common cactus variety in Mexican cuisine: opuntia ficus indica, and then switched to opuntia megacantha. The juice of the cactus is extracted and mixed with glycerine, proteins, natural waxes and colorants; then it is laminated and left to dry. The finished product is very malleable, leaving Ortiz to extend the research to the manufacture of a wider range of products.

Unlike the manufacture of plastic, the process does not require crude oil, as its mining has caused much flak from environmentalists. It is also carbon neutral, as the carbon it emitted upon degradation is equal to what it took in upon its growth.

The bioplastic made from prickly pear cactus is renewable—as few leaves are taken from the plant thereby allowing it to regenerate, rather than regrow from seed to adulthood like most upon utilization. It is also non-toxic and safe to ingest both for animals and humans alike. The bioplastic degrades after 2–3 months and 7 days if immersed in water.

The process is done exclusively in Ortiz's lab. She is experimenting with 300 species of nopal plant native in Mexico and is exploring the use of cactus in toys, bags, and other plastic products for wide-scale commercial use.

References

Living people
Mexican scientists
Mexican chemical engineers
21st-century women scientists
Mexican women scientists
Year of birth missing (living people)
1995 Lehigh Engineers football team. The 1995 Lehigh Engineers football team was an American football team that represented Lehigh University during the 1995 NCAA Division I-AA football season. Lehigh won the Patriot League championship.

In their eighth and final year under head coach Kevin Higgins, the Engineers compiled an 8–3 record. Bob Aylsworth, D'Andre Dina, Brian Klingerman and Roman McDonald were the team captains.

The Engineers outscored opponents 306 to 272. Lehigh's undefeated (5–0) conference record topped the six-team Patriot League standings. The championship was Lehigh's second in three years. Patriot League rules at the time prohibited members from participating in the national postseason tournament.

This was the last year that Lehigh officially used "Engineers" as its team name. At its November 11 game, the school introduced "the Mountain Hawk" as a costumed mascot, and the team name reflected this change in time for the 1996 season.

Lehigh played its home games at Goodman Stadium on the university's Goodman Campus in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.

Schedule

References

Lehigh
Lehigh Mountain Hawks football seasons
Patriot League football champion seasons
Lehigh Engineers football
Harold S. Stone. Harold Stuart Stone (born August 10, 1938 in St. Louis, Missouri) is an American computer scientist specializing in parallel computer architecture. He is an IEEE Fellow, and a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery (1994).

Education and career
Stone obtained a bachelor in Electrical Engineering at Princeton University in 1960, and his masters and PhD in 1961 and 1963 at the University of California, Berkeley. His PhD advisors were Robert B. Ash and Eugene Wong. He was a faculty member at Stanford University from 1968 until 1974, when he moved to the University of Massachusetts Amherst. From 1984 onwards was he a researcher at IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center and later as a NEC Fellow at the NEC Research Institute in Princeton, New Jersey.

Books 
Stone's books include:
 High Performance Computer Architecture, Addison-Wesley 1987, 2. Edition 1993
 Introduction to Computer Architecture, 1975, 2. Edition, Chicago: Science Research Associates 1980
 Introduction to Computer Organization and Data Structures, McGraw Hill 1971
 Discrete mathematical structures and their applications, Chicago: Science Research Associates 1973
 Microcomputer Interfacing, Addison-Wesley 1982
 with Daniel Siewiorek Introduction to computer organization and data structures, PDP-11 edition, McGraw Hill 1975

Recognition
Stone received the IEEE Emanuel R. Piore Award in 1992, the Taylor L. Booth Award in 1999, and the Charles Babbage Award in 1991. He is IEEE Fellow and Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery (1993).

References 

1938 births
Living people
American computer scientists
Princeton University alumni
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Fellows of the IEEE
People from St. Louis
1994 fellows of the Association for Computing Machinery
QuantumScape. QuantumScape is an American company that develops solid-state rechargeable lithium metal batteries for electric cars. The company is headquartered in San Jose, California and employs around 850 people. Investors include Bill Gates and Volkswagen.

History 
QuantumScape was founded in 2010 by Jagdeep Singh, Tim Holme and Professor Fritz Prinz of Stanford University. In 2012, QuantumScape began working with German automaker Volkswagen.

In 2018, Volkswagen invested $100 million in the company, becoming the largest shareholder. In the same year, Volkswagen and QuantumScape announced the establishment of a joint production project to prepare for mass production of solid-state batteries. In June 2020, Volkswagen invested an additional $200 million.

In 2020, QuantumScape merged with the special-purpose acquisition company Kensington Capital Acquisition. As a result of the merger, QuantumScape received $1 billion in financing, from investors including Volkswagen and the Qatar Investment Authority. At the same time, the company's shares listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol QS. In the last quarter of 2020, QuantumScape briefly surpassed the valuation of Ford Motor Co. without a commercial product and without revenue.

On April 15, 2021, hedge fund Scorpion Capital announced their short position in the stock, labeling the company a pump-and-dump scheme.

On June 26, 2022, the company announced the production of a solid-state battery with a range of 650 km and a charge time of 15 minutes.

At the beginning of 2024, Volkswagen and QuantumScape presented a battery prototype in a press release based on the technologies developed by QuantumScape, which has 1000 charging cycles with only 5% capacity loss and an energy density that is at least a third higher. In July 2024, VW PowerCo and QS announced an agreement for volume production. The initial goal is 40 gigawatt-hours’ worth of batteries per year.

In October 2024, QuantumScape introduced a prototype of their first planned commercial product they are calling QSE-5. The QSE-5 B-sample cell has a measured cell energy of 21.6 Watt-hours (Wh) at C/5 discharge rate and 25 °C. This is divided by the cell volume to get the volumetric energy density of 844 Wh/L or by the cell mass to get the gravimetric energy density (also called specific energy) of 301 Wh/kg.

Technology 
The battery uses a lithium metal anode. The solid-state ceramic separator prevents dendrites and does not react with lithium. An organic liquid electrolyte then envelops the cathode.

References

External links 
 

2010 establishments in California
2020 initial public offerings
Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange
American companies established in 2010
Electronics companies established in 2010
Electric vehicle battery manufacturers
Electronics companies of the United States
Manufacturing companies based in San Jose, California
Solid-state batteries
Technology companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area
Special-purpose acquisition companies
Hendrik Schalk Theron. Hendrik Schalk Theron (12 February 1869 – 28 June 1922) was a South African mining engineer, farmer, politician and Member of Parliament.

Early life
Theron was the son of Pieter Jacobus Georg Theron and his wife, Anna Christina du Plessis. He was educated at Grey College in Bloemfontein, and the Victoria College in Stellenbosch, where he obtained a B.A. degree. He then went on to study at the Royal School of Mines in London, where he qualified as a mining engineer and became an associate. In 1896 he began working in the Orange Free State civil service as a mining engineer at Koffiefontein and in 1898 he was appointed a justice of the peace and inspector of mines at Kaalvallei and the Lace Diamond Mine.

Second Boer war
Theron fought in the Second Anglo-Boer war, with the rank of commandant, and during the siege of Ladysmith, he was placed in charge of the searchlights around Ladysmith. In May 1900, like a number of fellow Free Staters, he laid down his arms and in November 1901 the British military authorities deported him to a POW camp in India, where he remained until January 1903.

Political career
After returning, he engaged in prospecting and during 1905, he began farming in the Hoopstad district. When self-government was granted to the Free State in 1907, he represented Hoopstad in the Legislative Assembly. In 1910 he was elected member of the House of Assembly and because of his interest in agriculture, was appointed Minister of Lands and Irrigation in General Louis Botha's cabinet of 1913. As Minister, with the portfolio of irrigation, he was instrumental in the drafting of legislation for the establishment of the Hartbeespoort Dam and irrigation scheme. He was not re-elected in 1915 and after the 1920 election, when he lost his constituency, he devoted most of his time to farming. He was one of the founders of the South African Co-operative Union and from 1921 a director of the Co-op.
 
Theron married Isabella Elizabeth Pistorius and three children were born of the marriage. He died in 1922 on his farm, Nooitgedacht in the district of Potchefstroom.

See also
First Cabinet of Louis Botha

References

1869 births
1922 deaths
South African Republic military personnel of the Second Boer War
Members of the House of Assembly (South Africa)
Alumni of Grey College, Bloemfontein
Orange Free State people
Slater–Pauling rule. In condensed matter physics, the Slater–Pauling rule states that adding an element to a metal alloy will reduce the alloy's saturation magnetization by an amount proportional to the number of valence electrons outside of the added element's d shell. Conversely, elements with a partially filled d shell will increase the magnetic moment by an amount proportional to number of missing electrons. Investigated by the physicists John C. Slater and Linus Pauling in the 1930s, the rule is a useful approximation for the magnetic properties of many transition metals.

Application

The use of the rule depends on carefully defining what it means for an electron to lie outside of the d shell. The electrons outside a d shell are the electrons which have higher energy than the electrons within the d shell. The Madelung rule (incorrectly) suggests that the s shell is filled before the d shell. For example, it predicts Zinc has a configuration of [Ar] 4s2 3d10. However, Zinc's 4s electrons actually have more energy than the 3d electrons, putting them outside the d shell. Ordered in terms of energy, the electron configuration of Zinc is [Ar] 3d10 4s2. (see: the n+ℓ energy ordering rule)

The basic rule given above makes several approximations. One simplification is rounding to the nearest integer. Because we are describing the number of electrons in a band using an average value, the s and d shells can be filled to non-integer numbers of electrons, allowing the Slater–Pauling rule to give more accurate predictions. While the Slater–Pauling rule has many exceptions, it is often a useful as an approximation to more accurate, but more complicated physical models.

Building on further theoretical developments done by physicists such as Jacques Friedel, a more widely applicable version of the rule, known as the generalized Slater–Pauling rule was developed.

See also
 Spin states (d electrons)
 Ferromagnetism
 Metallic bonding

References

Electric and magnetic fields in matter
Magnetism
Electronic band structures
Paul Rice Camp. Paul Rice Camp (December 29, 1919 – January 9, 2012) was an American academic and a professor of physics at the University of Maine. Camp's research focus lay in solid-state physics. He was particularly interested in the surface growth of ice.

Early life and education 
He was born in Middletown, Connecticut, to Professor Burton Howard Camp and Rachel Caroline Rice. His older sister, Miriam Camps (née Camp), was a prominent writer and economist who for many years worked in the U.S. State Department. His uncle, Paul North Rice, was a prominent librarian at the New York Public Library and other institutions. 

Upon his graduation from Wesleyan University in 1941, he joined a group of scientists at the Naval Research Laboratory whose work centered on the development of radar. After the United States entered the Second World War, he was commissioned in the Navy while continuing his work at the laboratory.

Camp received his M.A. in Physics from Harvard University in 1947 and received his Ph.D. in Physics from the Pennsylvania State University in 1951.

Career 
Early in his career, Camp taught at Reed College and the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn. In 1961, Camp departed Brooklyn Polytechnic to become Chief of the Materials Research Branch at the newly created U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory in New Hampshire. While at USA CRREL, as the laboratory is known, Camp was engaged in substantial research regarding the physical properties of ice.  

In 1965 and 1966, during a leave of absence from CRREL, he served as a member of the Commission on College Physics (CCP), then headquartered at the University of Michigan. Created through a grant of the National Science Foundation in seeking to improve science education across the country, the 17-member CCP held numerous national conferences, issued many publications, and, most prominently, suggested various aids and revisions in the teaching of college physics. 

In 1967, Camp accepted a position at the University of Maine as both Professor and Chair of the Department of Physics. While Chair, he significantly expanded the University's focus on physics by insisting that specialists be hired in a wide variety of sub-fields within the subject. Camp is notable for having established the Ph.D. program in Physics at the University. 

He retired from the University of Maine in 1996 and later became a Distinguished Emeritus Professor at the University.

Camp was a longtime member of the American Physical Society, American Association of Physics Teachers, and International Glaciological Society.

Personal life 
Camp was married to Polly Ann Newton (1934 – 2024), a Geneseo native and graduate of Wellesley College, with whom he had three daughters.

Through his mother, Camp was a descendant of the English colonial settler Edmund Rice (1594–1663).

References

Further reading 

 

1919 births
2012 deaths
People from Middletown, Connecticut
Academics from Connecticut
Reed College faculty
Polytechnic Institute of New York University faculty
University of Maine faculty
Wesleyan College alumni
Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
Eberly College of Science alumni
Electric Loco Shed, Bhilai. Electric Loco Shed, Bhilai is a motive power depot performing locomotive maintenance and repair facility for electric locomotives of the Indian Railways, located at Bhilai of the South East Central Railway zone in Chhattisgarh, India.

History

New Electric locomotive shed was inaugurated in the 1980s with WAM-4 class. All the WAM-4s of this shed have been retired/withdrawn from service.

Operations
Being one of the two electric loco sheds in South East Central Railway, various major and minor maintenance schedules of electric locomotives are carried out here. It has the sanctioned capacity of 175 engine units. Beyond the operating capacity, this shed houses a total of 299 engine units, including 15 WAP-7, and 290 WAG-9. Like all locomotive sheds, BIA does regular maintenance, overhaul and repair including painting and washing of locomotives. BIA locomotives used to be predominantly the regular links for trains traveling to north and south as well.

Livery & markings
Bhilai WAP-7 locomotive has Goel TMT, GK TMT, Jindal Panther TMT and Shourya TMT advertisements on loco's body side.
Bhilai loco shed has its own stencils. It is written in Bold letters in both English and Hindi language.

Locomotives

References

External links

Transport in Bhilai
Bhilai
1970 establishments in Madhya Pradesh
Crystalline coatings. Crystalline coatings (or crystalline mirrors) are a type of thin-film  optical interference coating that is made by merging monocrystalline multilayers deposited via processes such as molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE) and metalorganic vapour-phase epitaxy (MOVPE) with microfabrication techniques including direct bonding and selective etching. In this technique heterostructures such as gallium arsenide / aluminum gallium arsenide (GaAs/AlGaAs) distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs) are grown and then transferred to polished optical surfaces, resulting in high-performance single-crystal optical coatings on arbitrary, including curved, substrates.  the maximum diameter achievable is 20 cm, limited by commercially-available GaAs wafers. The tightest curvature demonstrated for such coatings is 5 cm.

The substrate-transferred crystalline coating process was developed in 2013 by Garrett Cole and colleagues at the Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information at the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the University of Vienna. With additional refinement, the technique became capable of generating high-reflectivity mirrors with optical losses on par with the best  ion-beam-sputtered coatings, with optical absorption in the 1000–2000 nm spectral range demonstrated to be < 1 part-per-million (ppm) and optical scatter < 3 ppm in the best optics. Additional advantages of these coatings include:

 Significantly reduced elastic losses (at least a factor of 10 over typical amorphous interference coatings) resulting in minimal thermal noise, enabling ultrastable interferometers for optical atomic clocks and  gravitational-wave detectors such as LIGO.
 The realization of ppm-levels of optical losses (absorption + scatter) in the mid-infrared spectral region demonstrating enhancement cavities for  cavity ring-down spectrometers with a finesse > 400 000 at wavelengths to ~4500 nm.
 High thermal conductivity, over 20 times higher than typical metal-oxide based coatings, making crystalline coatings promising for high-power continuous wave (CW) and quasi-CW lasers, with a CW damage threshold of 75 MW/cm2 demonstrated in a  deformable mirror device at 1064 nm.

Owing to the low Brownian noise of crystalline coatings there have been a number of advancements in quantum-limited interferometry, with these mirrors being instrumental in efforts relevant to macroscopic quantum phenomena and enabling the demonstration of ponderomotive squeezing at room temperature, the broadband reduction of quantum radiation pressure noise via squeezed light injection, and the room temperature measurement of quantum back action in the audio band.

Garrett Cole and Markus Aspelmeyer founded Crystalline Mirror Solutions in 2013 to commercialize the technology. They were awarded second prize from the Berthold Leibinger Innovationspreis in 2016. The company was acquired by Thorlabs in December 2019 and rebranded as Thorlabs Crystalline Solutions.

References 

Thin-film optics
Andrew Shovlin. Andrew Shovlin (born 1 November 1973) is a British Formula One engineer. He is the trackside engineering director at the Mercedes-AMG Petronas Formula One team.

Career
Shovlin graduated from Leeds University in 1998, obtaining a BEng in Mechanical Engineering, followed by a PhD in Vehicle Dynamics and Control. 
Shovlin started his career with BAR in 1999. In 2004–2009, Shovlin worked for BAR, and later Honda and Brawn GP as race engineer to Jenson Button. In 2010, he was appointed as race engineer for Michael Schumacher at Mercedes GP. The following year, he was promoted to the position of track engineering director, a role he continues to hold. In this capacity, Shovlin is responsible for maximizing the performance of both cars during race weekends. He collaborates closely with engineering teams on both sides of the Mercedes garage and coordinates with performance groups in Brackley to ensure that both cars receive the best available information and support.

References

1973 births
Living people
21st-century British engineers
Formula One engineers
Mercedes-Benz in Formula One
Brawn GP