omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Indian Field Gun. The Indian Field Gun is a towed field gun developed in India and extensively used in the Indian Army.

Development
The Armament Research and Development Establishment (ARDE) began the design and development of the gun in 1972 to replace the older 25-pounder guns used by the Indian Army. It was produced in the Gun Carriage Factory (GCF), Jabalpur from 1978 onwards. In addition to the GCF, the guns have been manufactured at Gun Carriage Factory Jabalpur.

The shells are manufactured at ordnance factories in Ambajhari and Chandrapur. It shares many features with the British L118 light gun. It's suitable to operate in mountainous and other difficult terrains, because this gun has excellent portability.

Variants

Towed 
The Indian Field Gun (IFG) weighs . It has a normal rate of fire of four rounds per minute over ranges from . It can sustain an intense rate of fire of six rounds per minute for up to 10 minutes and a sustained rate of fire for up to one hour. It has a crew of six. The gun has a secondary anti-tank capability. It can operate in temperatures ranging from . The recoil on firing is absorbed by two side-mounted hydraulic cylinders. A circular platform provided with the gun can be used for rapid 360° movement. Manufacture of the Indian Field Gun began in 1978. There are three variants:

Indian Field Gun Mark 1
Indian Field Gun Mark 2
Indian Field Gun Mark 3

The Light Field Gun (LFG) variant weights , but retains the same rate of fire and range as the IFG. The LFG can be broken down into two or three parts for easy transport and quickly re-assembled. The LFG can be heli-lifted and paradropped. The manufacture of the Light Field Gun began in 1984. There are two variants:

Light Field Gun Mark 1
Light Field Gun Mark 2

Self propelled 
OFB 105 mm SPG – consists of a BMP Sarath hull mounted with a light field gun. It was developed by ordnance development centre, Ordnance Factory Medak, but has not been inducted into the Indian Army.
Garuda 105 (version 2) – a 105 mm/37 calibre LFG gun is mounted on a Bharat Forge Made all terrain vehicle's 4X4 wheeled chassis. This gun has all-terrain maneuverability (including high altitude). Based on the LFG, this gun has been developed by Kalyani Strategic Systems, a subsidiary of Bharat Forge.

Operators

  : 2,400 FGs in service with the Indian army. 1,700 are IFGs and 700 are LFGs.
  : 10 in service, provided by India.

See also 
 M119 howitzer
 L118 light gun

References

105 mm artillery
Artillery of India
Field artillery
Military equipment introduced in the 1970s
BabyX. BabyX is an interactive lifelike virtual infant created through the use of artificial intelligence by Mark Sagar, Creator and Director of the Laboratory for Animate Technologies located at the University of Auckland's Bioengineering Institute.

Created in 2013, BabyX is a virtual animated baby that learns and reacts like a human baby and was designed after the likeness of Sagar's own daughter when she was 18 months old. BabyX has a virtual brain built with detailed likeness to the human brain and work through an operating system called Brain Language, invented by Sagar and his team of researchers. Stimulated neurochemical reactions help BabyX decide how she will react.

BabyX is a project of Auckland's Bioengineering Institute Laboratory for Animate Technologies, to make a virtual animated baby that learns and reacts like a human baby. It uses the computer's cameras for "seeing" and microphones to "listen" as the inputs. The computer uses artificial intelligence algorithms for BabyX's "learning" and interpretation of the inputs (voice and image) to understand the situation. The result is a virtual toddler that can learn to read, recognize objects and "understand." The output is the baby's face that can "speak" and express its mood by facial expressions (such as smiling).

Previously, Sagar worked in computer-generated imagery (CGI) working on movies such as Avatar, King Kong, and others. In 2016, Sagar built upon BabyX's technology to launch Soul Machines, human-like avatars that use artificial intelligence to respond to human emotion.

See also
The Age of A.I.

References

Artificial intelligence companies
Robots of New Zealand
Technology companies of New Zealand
Jeumont (disambiguation). Jeumont may refer to:

Jeumont, a commune in the Maubeuge-Nord canton department in northern France
 Forges et Ateliers de Construction Electriques de Jeumont, precursor to Jeumont-Schneider
Jeumont-Schneider,  French electric and mechanical engineering group
Jeumont Electric, electric engineering company created from Jeumont-Schneider
Pipistrel WATTsUP. The Pipistrel WATTsUP is an electric aircraft proof-of-concept trainer design that was built in Slovenia by Pipistrel.

The aircraft is based upon the Pipistrel Alpha Trainer, which was itself related to the Pipistrel Sinus and Virus designs. The WATTsUP was first publicly shown at the Salon de Blois airshow, in France on 30 August 2014.

The proof of concept resulted in the Pipistrel Alpha Electro production aircraft.

Design and development
The WATTsUP is a high-wing, cantilever monoplane of pod-and-boom configuration with a T-tail. The cabin has two seats in side-by-side configuration. The WATTsUP is powered by an  electric motor developed by Siemens AG, that weighs just . The initial climb rate is over 5.1 m/s (1,000 ft/min).

The manufacturer claims the electric motor produces more power than a Rotax 912 and can be fully charged in about one hour. The airplane is expected to be capable of flying for about one hour with a 30-minute reserve and it is most efficient in the traffic pattern where as much as 13 percent of the energy is recuperated during each approach.

The initial base price is intended to be less than 100,000 Euros.

Specifications (WATTsUP)

See also 
 Aero Electric Sun Flyer
 Liaoning Ruixiang RX1E

References

External links

Electric aircraft
WATTsUP
Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 2014
2010s Slovenian experimental aircraft
Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear
Volkswagen Lamando. The Volkswagen Lamando () is a compact sedan manufactured by Volkswagen through its joint venture SAIC Volkswagen in China. It debuted at the Chengdu Auto Show in August 2014 and was launched in China in November 2014. The Lamando is positioned as the low-slung version of the Sagitar (Jetta outside China) in the country, as it is the case with the Volkswagen CC to the Passat.



First generation (2014)

The first-generation Lamando is powered by a 1.4-litre turbocharged petrol engine producing  and  of torque mated to a 7-speed DSG gearbox as the only transmission offered for the vehicle. The Lamando is capable of doing a  acceleration in 8.5 seconds and has a top speed of . Only front-wheel-drive is available. The 4-wheel disk brakes and electrically assisted steering is standard. Suspension is independent MacPherson struts at the front and an independent four-link suspension at the rear.

Export markets
The Lamando has been exported to the Philippines since 2018.

Lamando GTS
In April 2016, a sportier GTS trim was launched with cosmetic upgrades and the 2-litre turbocharged engine from the Golf GTI producing  and  of torque, mated to a 7-speed wet-clutch DSG gearbox. Styling wise, several design features have been enhanced on the GTS, including the front bumper with extra-large air intakes and the upper grille featuring a red GTI-like stripe and honeycomb grilles. The Lamando was used on the Chinese version of Top Gear as part of the Star in a Reasonably Priced Car segment in the second season, replacing the Ford Focus.

Second generation (2022) 

The second-generation Lamando was released in January 2022. Marketed as the Lamando L, the second generation model features the updated Volkswagen design language with design cues taken from recent Volkswagen models. The second generation model continues to be powered by the 1.4-litre turbocharged petrol engine producing .

Production

References

External links

 
  (Philippines)

2010s cars
Lamando
Front-wheel-drive vehicles
Mid-size cars
Sedans
Cars of China
Cars introduced in 2014
HMS Nasturtium (1915). HMS Nasturtium was an Arabis-class sloop built in Scotland and launched in 1915.

Design and construction

Nasturtium was one of 56 Arabis class sloops built for the Royal Navy during World War I. The sloops-of-war were intended for minesweeping duties in European waters.

Nasturtium had a displacement of 1,250 tons. She was  long between perpendiculars,  in length overall, had a beam of , and a draught of . The propulsion system consisted of two coal-fired cylindrical boilers supplying steam to a four-cylinder triple expansion engine, connected to a single propeller shaft. Maximum speed was , and the ship could achieve a range of . Up to 250 tons of coal could be carried.

Nasturtium was laid down for the Royal Navy by A. McMillan and Sons, Dumbarton, Scotland on 1 July 1915 with yard number 464. She was launched on 21 December 1915.

History
HMS Nasturtium was based at Malta. On 24 April 1916, she left Malta but was ordered to return immediately to search for a submarine in the vicinity. On 27 April the German submarine U-73 laid 22 mines outside the Grand Harbour of Valletta. The battleship HMS Russell sank after hitting two of these mines.

Nasturtium arrived in Malta on 27 April. The Rear Admiral of Patrols based at Fort Rinella ordered the sloop to search for mines and submarines. At 19:10 she ended up in the same minefield as the Russell and struck a mine which exploded 7 feet below the waterline on her starboard side close to the foremost funnel. Seven crew members were killed. Her boiler rooms began to flood and the tug Prompt was sent from Sliema to assist her. By 21:00, she had a heavy list and all the crew were evacuated, except for a few hands on the forecastle. By 21:38 the remaining crew abandoned the ship since she was now listing by 30 degrees to port. At 21:50 the naval yacht HMY Aegusa hit a mine in the same minefield and sank.

The Nasturtium finally sank at 02:45 on 28 April 1916. A court martial regarding her loss was held on board HMS Theseus on 8 May 1916. Her wreck now lies at a depth of 67 metres.

References

World War I sloops of the United Kingdom
Arabis-class sloops
Ships built on the River Clyde
1915 ships
Shipwrecks of Malta
World War I shipwrecks in the Mediterranean Sea
Maritime incidents in 1916
Ships sunk by mines
Progressive Aerodyne. Progressive Aerodyne, Inc is an American aircraft manufacturer based in Tavares, Florida. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of amphibious kit aircraft for the amateur-construction market.

History
The company was founded in 1991 in Orlando, Florida by Kerry Richter, Wayne Richter and Paige Lynette. The company moved to Tavares, Florida in May 2010. In 2011 Adam Yang became CEO. In 2022 Geoffrey Nicholson was CEO..

The company's main product, the SeaRey, was first flown in November 1992.

Aircraft

References

External links

Aircraft manufacturers of the United States
Homebuilt aircraft
Kaye and Laby. Tables of Physical and Chemical Constants and Some Mathematical Functions is a scientific reference work. First compiled and published in 1911 by the physicists G. W. C. Kaye and T. H. Laby, it is more commonly known as Kaye and Laby. It is a standard textbook for scientists and engineers.

The final print edition was the 16th in 1995, after which the entire content was made available online in association with the National Physical Laboratory.

The online version was removed on 21 May 2019, the day after the revision of the SI. An archived version is still available online, but is no longer maintained, and does not have the updated values of physical constants.

References

External links 
 Kaye and Laby online
 About Kaye and Laby
 History of Kaye and Laby

1911 non-fiction books
Chemistry reference works
Mathematics textbooks
2019 disestablishments in the United Kingdom
Physics textbooks
Fogtrein. Fogtrein, is the name given to a family of Brazilian research rockets created jointly by the Air Force Command (COMAer) and Avibras.

The rockets are used for testing, qualification and training of teams in the Alcântara Launch Center (CLA) and the Barreira do Inferno Launch Center (CLBI).

These vehicles are designed to be launched in adverse conditions such as high salinity, winds up to 10 m/s and rain up to 10 mm/h. All models will admit payloads (5 kg to 30 kg), with electric networks and telemetry equipment, along experiments of interest in the academic and scientific community.

Models

Basic Training Rocket (FTB)
FTB (Basic Training Rocket) is intended for operational training of a Launch Center, in isolation, without participation of the remote station for redundant monitoring vehicle, with telemetry in S band and apogee greater than 30 km.

 Stages: Single-stage
 Status : In service.
 Height : 3.05 m
 Diameter : 12.7 cm
 Mass : 67.8 kg
 Payload : 5 kg
 Thrust at launch:
 Apogee : 30 km
 First launch : August 10, 2009
 Last launch: November 7, 2012
 Launches: 26 (in August 2014)

Launches

List of FTB launches:

Intermediate Training Rocket (FTI)
FTI (Intermediate Training Rocket) is intended for operational training of a Launch Center, in isolation, without participation of the remote station for redundant monitoring vehicle, with telemetry in S-band, C-band transponders, flight termination, and height above 60 km.

 Stages: Single-stage
 Status : In service.
 Height : 5.4 m
 Diameter : 30 cm
 Mass : 490 kg
 Payload : 30 kg
 Thrust at launch:
 Apogee : 60 km
 First launch : August 3, 2010
 Last launch:
 Launches: 8 (on 2013)

Launches

List of FTI launches:

Advanced Training Rocket (FTA)

FTA (Advanced Training Rocket) is intended for operational training on two launch centers, one being responsible for the launch and the other for remote monitoring of vehicle and payloads, with telemetry in S-band, C-band transponders, flight termination, and height exceeding 160 km.

 Stages: Two-stages
 Location : To be developed.
 Apogee : 100 km (planned)

References 

Sounding rockets of Brazil
Space program of Brazil
Space programme of Argentina
John Richard Anthony Pearson. John Richard Anthony Pearson FRS FIMMM MIChemE (born 18 September 1930) is a Scientific Consultant at Schlumberger Cambridge Research and Chairman of the Pearson Publishing Group since 1993.

Early life
Pearson was born in Cairo on 18 September 1930 and educated at Bedford Modern School, Trinity College Cambridge and Harvard University.

Career
Pearson was Assistant Director of Research in the Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Cambridge (1960–73), Director of Studies in Mathematics and a Fellow of Trinity Hall, Cambridge (1961–73) and Professor of Chemical Engineering at Imperial College London (1973–82).  In 1975 Pearson became a lecturer at the University of Michigan and between 1978 and 1979 a Fairchild Scholar at the CIT, later a Professor of the University of Minnesota.

Pearson held the position of Visiting Professor at Princeton University (1967), the University of Wisconsin (1967), Rice University (1969), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (1973–76), the University of Sydney (1982) and the University of Louvain (1994–95).  He is an Honorary Professorial Fellow of the University of Wales and the University of Birmingham.

Honours
In 1980, Pearson was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering for pioneering contributions to fluid mechanics, interfacial phenomena, and the modeling of polymer flows.

Pearson was made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2005.  Commenting on the Fellowship, the University of Cambridge stated that he had ‘pioneered developments in fluid mechanics, including the first asymptotic analysis of viscous flow past a cylinder, a rapid-distortion theory of turbulence and studies of Marangoni convection, and the instability of flow under rollers’.

References

1930 births
Living people
Fellows of the Royal Society
Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge
People educated at Bedford Modern School
University of Michigan staff
Harvard University alumni
Fellows of Trinity Hall, Cambridge
Fellows of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining
Mechanical load. Mechanical load is the physical stress on a mechanical system or component leading to strain.  Loads can be static or dynamic.  Some loads are specified as part of the design criteria of a mechanical system. Depending on the usage, some mechanical loads can be measured by an appropriate test method in a laboratory or in the field.

Vehicle
It can  be the external mechanical resistance against which a machine (such as a motor or engine), acts. The load can often be expressed as a curve of force versus speed.

For instance, a given car traveling on a road of a given slope presents a load which the engine must act against. Because air resistance increases with speed, the motor must put out more torque at a higher speed in order to maintain the speed. By shifting to a higher gear, one may be able to meet the requirement with a higher torque and a lower engine speed, whereas shifting to a lower gear has the opposite effect. Accelerating increases the load, whereas decelerating decreases the load.

Pump
Similarly, the load on a pump depends on the head against which the pump is pumping, and on the size of the pump.

Fan
Similar considerations apply to a fan. See Affinity laws.

See also
Structural load - mechanical load applied to structural elements (in civil and mechanical engineering)
Physical test

References

Mechanical engineering
Physical quantities
Structural analysis
Wibault 10/II. The Wibault 10/II Tramontane was a two-seat reconnaissance aircraft designed and built by Société des Avions Michel Wibault in France for the French military 1923 A.2 competition for a 2-seater reconnaissance aircraft.

Design and development
Derived from the Wibault 9, the Wib 10/II, (the Wibault 10 designation was re-used from an unbuilt project), was a parasol monoplane with two cockpits in tandem to house the pilot and observer. As with previous Wibault aircraft the Wib 10/II was built entirely from Duralumin with corrugated sheet skin and a strut-braced parasol wing.

Power was supplied by a  Gnome & Rhône 9Ac 9-cyl. air-cooled radial engine with a crankcase cowl leaving just the cylinders exposed. Pilot and observer were housed in tandem cockpits with fixed armament of 2x  Vickers machine guns, synchronised to fire through the propeller, mounted in the forward fuselage and 2x  Lewis machine guns on a manually aimed mount in the rear cockpit.

Specifications

References

Wibault aircraft
1920s French military reconnaissance aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Parasol-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1926
Lioré et Olivier LeO H-10. The Lioré et Olivier LeO 10 or LeO H-10 was a prototype French Naval reconnaissance aircraft built. Only one example of this two seat, single engine biplane floatplane was built.

Development
The LeO H-10 (H for hydravion or waterplane) was a two-seat floatplane designed for reconnaissance work from Naval vessels. It was an unstaggered biplane with unswept wings of constant chord that could be folded for ease of onboard stowage. The interplane strut arrangement was unusual: outboard, there were conventional upright pairs but just inboard of these another pair ran diagonally in Warren girder style, replacing the conventional flying wires. The lower wing folded at a rear hinge on a short stub wing; outboard of the break was a single vertical strut.  Central cabane struts provided an upper hinge so the wings, with their trailing edges folded downwards, leaned inwards over the fuselage when stowed.

The fuselage of the LeO H.10 was a simple, flat sided structure with a water cooled Lorraine 12D V-12 engine in the nose. Twin wooden floats provided its landing gear.  Only one was built, flying for the first time in April 1923.

Specifications

References

Further reading
 Hartmann, Gérard. Les Avions Lioré Et Olivier. Boulogne-Billancourt, France: ETAI. 2002.  (in French)

1920s French military reconnaissance aircraft
Floatplanes
H-10
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1923
North Carolina Electrical Power Company Electric Generating Plant. North Carolina Electrical Power Company Electric Generating Plant, also known as Elk Mountain Steam Generating Plant, is a historic power station located at Woodfin, Buncombe County, North Carolina.  It was built in 1916, and is a tall one-story, rectangular brick and concrete building.  It measures 78 feet wide and 165 feet long. It features a 250 foot tall original brick smokestack.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

References

Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in North Carolina
Industrial buildings completed in 1916
Buildings and structures in Buncombe County, North Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Buncombe County, North Carolina
Brick buildings and structures in North Carolina
Satkhira Government Polytechnic Institute. Satkhira Govt. Polytechnic Institute or (SPI) is a modern polytechnic institute in Bangladesh. It is the only government mid-level engineering institution in Satkhira. Established in 2002.

History 
Satkhira Polytechnic Institute is one of the most renowned technical institutions of Bangladesh. It has a large campus having one academic building, one administration building, and two workshop buildings.At present, a total number of about 1500 students instructed by 35 teachers are receiving education for facing the global demands. The Bangladesh Technical Education Board (BTEB) offers courses in 4-year Diploma-In-Engineering in four technologies. In the world-famous mangrove forest, Sundarban touched district Satkhira. Satkhira Polytechnic Institute (SPI), established in 2002, is the only Govt. Polytechnic Institute of Satkhira District. It is also one of the most dynamic institutes in the country, emphasizing to recover the demand of mid-level technical manpower home and abroad. The institute offers diploma in engineering education with 6 technologies, namely Computer, Electronics, Refrigeration & Air-Conditioning, Civil technologies and Tourism and Hospital Management.

SPI is always committed or motivated to take a leadership role in turning our country to a mid-level one through producing the qualitative diploma graduates.

Directorates 
Satkhira Polytechnic Institute operates under the executive control of acting through activities according to the instructions and guidelines of Directorate of Technical Education of the Ministry of Education. Its academic activities are run under the rules and regulations of the Bangladesh Technical Education Board (BTEB).

Campus 
Facing the south, the campus of SPI stands beside the Jessore-Satkhira Highway on the body of Labsha, about 5 km away from the city center in the midst of vast greenery over an area of 2.05 acres land.

Grading system 
The academic year consists of eight semesters. Academic courses are based on a credit system. Each semester held 6 months. First 7 semesters based on academic education and last semester is Industrial Attachment (6 month).

References

Polytechnic institutes in Khulna Division
Educational institutions established in 2002
2002 establishments in Bangladesh
Government polytechnic institutes in Bangladesh