omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Defense Simulation Internet. The Defense Simulation Internet (DSI) was a specialized, wide-area network created to support Distributed Interactive Simulation and videoconferences. It was sponsored by DARPA, and built and operated by BBN Technologies from about 1991-1995, after which time it was operated by the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA).

The DSI evolved from DARPA's earlier Terrestrial Wideband Network, which could provide the realtime multicast with bandwidth guarantees that are essential to distributed interactive simulations via the Internet Stream Protocol (ST-II). A Defense Science Board study in 1993 highlighted the importance of these capabilities in simulations, and by late 1994, the DSI connected about 100 local area networks at sites around the world. Many links operated at multiple T1 circuits, for an aggregate bandwidth of about 6 megabits/second. In 1994, DSI program management transitioned to a joint program office of DARPA and DISA, and after the network became fully operational in February 1995, DARPA handed off all management responsibility to DISA.

Phase I of the DSI was implemented by BBN T/20 routers running the Internet Stream Protocol. Phase II, completed in October 1997, was a reimplementation using Cisco 7500 routers running the Resource Reservation Protocol (RSVP) over ATM permanent virtual circuits. The Phase II topology was a mesh of 7 backbone nodes, with 46 tail circuits running to the other DSI sites as of April 1998. (See D. Sahu for a Phase II network map and extensive details.)

References 
 "Impact of Advanced Distributed Simulation on Readiness, Training and Prototyping", Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Simulation, Readiness and Prototyping, 1993.
 "High-quality multimedia conferencing through a long-haul packet network", Chip Elliott, Proceedings of the first ACM international conference on Multimedia, August 2-6, 1993, pages 91-98.
 "Emerging technologies - national/Defense Information Infrastructure and the Defense Information Systems Network", J.M. Pullen, D. Cohen, and D. Wood, Proceedings of MILCOM '93, October 11-14, 1993.
 "Networking for Distributed Virtual Simulation", Mark Pullen, Computer Networks and ISDN Systems Journal, vol. 27, no. 3, Elsevier North-Holland, pages 387-394, December 1994. 
 "Networking Technology and DIS", Mark Pullen and D. Wood, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 83, no. 8, pages 1156-1167, August 1995.
 Distributed Interactive Simulation of Combat, Office of Technology Assessment, DIANE Publishing Company, 1996, page 27.
 "Modeling Distributed Techniques for Synthetic Training Environments", D. B. Cavitt, C. M. Overstreet, K. J. Maly, in Advanced Computer System Design, edited by George Zobrist, Kallol Bagchi, Kishor Trivedi, CRC Press, 1999, page 243.
 "A Study of the Defense Simulation Internet (DSI) for the Joint Advanced Distributed Simulation (JADS) Project", Devaraj Sahu, Mitre Corporation, April 1998.

DARPA
Wide area networks
History of telecommunications in the United States
Bob McKinlay (engineer). Robert Murray McKinlay CBE FREng FRAeS (born 12 January 1934) is a Scottish businessman, a former chief executive of British Aerospace.

Early life
He is the son of Robert Graham McKinlay and Mary Murray. He attended school in West Dunbartonshire, then studied at the Royal College of Science and Technology in Glasgow.

Career

BAC

McKinlay worked from 1966 for the British Aircraft Corporation, becoming Concorde's systems development manager. In 1968 he became assistant chief engineer on Concorde. He was responsible for the digital control of Concorde's air intake for the Olympus 593. Testing for Concorde's air intake ramp could not take place at RAF Fairford and had to take place with Concorde 101 (F-BTSC) at Tangier Ibn Battouta Airport, as the air intake had to be tested at high altitude. Concorde was the first aircraft to have digital control of its air intake system.

From 1976 he was the Design Director of Concorde, and was responsible for getting Concorde to start flying from airports, and how to reduce the noise of the engines.

British Aerospace
McKinlay worked for British Aerospace at Bristol Filton Airport until 1994. He became the Managing Director of its civil aircraft division  in April 1990. In May 1990, British Aerospace announced that it would build a successor to Concorde. Syd Gillibrand was chairman of British Aerospace's aircraft division; John Weston was managing director of the military aircraft division in Lancashire (now BAE Systems Military Air & Information). In December 1991, British Aerospace moved its aircraft division structure, with Mike Turner becoming responsible for regional and corporate aircraft. In February 1992, British Aerospace split its civil aircraft division in three divisions, with British Aerospace Regional Aircraft and British Aerospace Corporate Jets.

He took part in the 2005 documentary Supersonic Dream for PBS. British Aerospace left the commercial aircraft market in 2001.

Personal life
McKinlay married Ellen Stewart in 1957; they have two sons. He was awarded the CBE in the 1993 Birthday Honours. He became a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering in 1992 and was awarded the British Gold Medal of the Royal Aeronautical Society in 1995.

References

External links
 Concorde at Flight International (October 2003)

1934 births
Alumni of the University of Strathclyde
British Aircraft Corporation
British manufacturing chief executives
Commanders of the Order of the British Empire
Concorde
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
Fellows of the Royal Aeronautical Society
Scottish aerospace engineers
Scottish chief executives
Living people
20th-century Scottish engineers
21st-century Scottish engineers
20th-century Scottish businesspeople
21st-century Scottish businesspeople
Jennifer Hollingsworth. Jennifer Ann Hollingsworth is a scientist and laboratory fellow at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL).

Education 
Hollingsworth received a B.A. in chemistry from Grinnell College in 1992 and a Ph.D. in inorganic chemistry from Washington University in St. Louis in 1999.

Career and research 
Hollingsworth is known for her contributions to the field of semiconductor core/shell quantum dots (QDs). Hollingsworth’s breakthrough discovery of “giant” QDs eliminated for the first time the problematic photophysical phenomenon of “blinking” (interruptions in light emission that represent a significant drawback for standard QDs). Her work is exemplary of multidisciplinary materials research, spanning materials chemistry and physics and involving the design and elucidation of nanocrystals intentionally engineered for new functionality and the development of novel synthetic methods for their preparation. She was awarded an APS Fellowship in 2018 for discovering and developing non-blinking 'giant' QDs.

Awards and recognition 
 Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (2019)
 APS Fellowship (2018)
 LANL Program Recognition Award and LANL Achievement Award (2014)
 LANL Fellows' Prize for Research (2013)
 LANL Associate Directorate for Chemistry, Life, & Earth Sciences Achievement Award (2009)
 LANL Awards for Outstanding Scientific Achievement (2010, 2006, 2001)
 LANL Women's Career Development Mentoring Award (2005)
 LANL Distinguished Postdoctoral Performance Award, Small Team (2002)

References

External links

Living people
Date of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)
21st-century American women scientists
21st-century American chemists
American nanotechnologists
American women chemists
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Los Alamos National Laboratory personnel
Grinnell College alumni
Washington University in St. Louis alumni
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Dreicer field. The Dreicer field (or Dreicer electric field) is the critical electric field above which electrons in a collisional plasma can be accelerated to become runaway electrons. It was named after Harry Dreicer who derived the expression in 1959 and expanded on the concept (i.e. runaway generation) in 1960. The Dreicer field is an important parameter in the study of tokamaks to suppress runaway generation in nuclear fusion.

The Dreicer field is given by

where  is the electron density,  is the elementary charge,  is the Coulomb logarithm,  is the vacuum permittivity,  is the electron mass and  is the electron thermal speed. It was derived by considering the balance between the electric field and the collisional forces acting on a single electron within the plasma.

Recent experiments have shown that the electric field required to accelerate electrons is significantly larger than the theoretically calculated Dreicer field. New models have been proposed to explain the discrepancy.

References 

Plasma parameters
Dan Everard. Daniel Henry Stirling Everard, (born 6 October 1946) is a British inventor, design engineer and author. He authored the Bang and Olufsen Book of Hi-fi and developed an elevating powerchair in the early eighties.

Born to Harry Stirling Crawfurd Everard MBE and Eileen Eunice (née Mander) in Radlett, Herts, Everard was educated at Uppingham School. He matriculated at Wadham College, Oxford to read Engineering Sciences in 1965.

Career 
After working at Cambridge Consultants and Neve Electronics Everard founded Cambridge Electronic Workshop (CEW) and became a freelance designer working on instrumentation in 1973. He wrote the Bang and Olufson Book of Hi-Fi for non technical enthusiasts in 1977. 

In 1981, Everard’s infant daughter Ruth was diagnosed with Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and he created his original idea for a pædiatric powered chair in April of that year. His daughter had her first drive in the new powerchair aged twenty months, and began using it just before she was two years old.

This early machine, known as “The Yellow Peril” was then developed into a production version named “The Turbo”. This product was manufactured throughout the 1980s and a later version is held in the Science Museum collection in London.

In the early nineties, the companies behind the Turbo closed and Everard spent his time supporting Turbo owners and developing a new PowerChair to replace his daughter's. The Dragon was born and a new company was founded in 2003 and incorporated as a limited company in 2005 with its name formally changed to DragonMobility at that time. At this time a new, smaller powerchair - the SnapDragon was developed for children weighing less than 40kg.

In 2013, Everard was nominated for the Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering, which was won by Robert Kahn, Vinton Cerf, Louis Pouzin, Tim Berners-Lee, and Marc Andreessen for their work creating the Internet and the World Wide Web.

References

1946 births
Living people
People educated at Uppingham School
English inventors
British inventors
Thumbprint Editions. Thumbprint Editions is a printmaking studio in London. The studio makes etchings and woodcuts with artists including Damien Hirst, Anish Kapoor, Michael Craig-Martin, Antony Gormley, Gillian Ayres, Cornelia Parker, Yinka Shonibare CBE and Gary Hume.

The studios are located in an industrial building in South London and are equipped with three Rochat etching presses, one relief press and a purpose built Dutch press, capable of printing etchings and relief prints up to 1.2m by 2.5m. A Spektraproof platemaking frame and a large printdown-frame and lamp can make photo-etchings and polymer Gravures.

Thumbprint Editions have produced prints published by Alan Cristea Gallery, Art on the Underground, Bronze Orchid, Capital Prints, Grimm Fine Art, Grosvenor Vadhera Gallery, Harvey Bayer Fine Art, Hollybush Gardens, ICA, Other Criteria, Paragon Press, Parasol Unit Foundation for Contemporary Art, Thumbprint publications, White Cube, Whitechapel Art Gallery, and World House Editions.

References

Printmaking groups and organizations
Cemal Basaran. Cemalettin Basaran (born April 20, 1960) is a Turkish-born American engineer who is currently a professor in the department of civil, structural and environmental engineering at the University at Buffalo, State University of New York.

Research 
Basaran's research is in the field of theoretical and applied mechanics, concentrating on failure mechanics of electronic packaging materials, 2-dimensional nano materials, and particle-filled composite materials under electrical, thermal and mechanical loads. Basaran was coinventor of the electrostatic doping-based all-graphene nano ribbon tunnel field effect transistor, US patent number 10,593,7782.

Honors and awards 
Basaran in 2011 received the American Society of Mechanical Engineers Electronic & Photonic Packaging Division Excellence in Mechanics Award. In 2008 Basaran was elected to be a fellow of that same society. Basaran is the recipient of the US Navy Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Award, 1997 and Riefler Award, from the University at Buffalo, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences in 1997. Author, Introduction to Unified Mechanics Theory with Applications, second edition, 2023, Springer.

References

External links 

1960 births
Living people
University at Buffalo faculty
Engineering academics
American civil engineers
20th-century American engineers
21st-century American engineers
Yıldız Technical University alumni
Middle East Technical University alumni
Gautam Das (computer scientist). Gautam Das is a computer scientist in the field of databases research. He is an ACM Fellow (since 2021) and IEEE Fellow (since 2020).

He is a Distinguished University Chair Professor of Computer Science and Engineering, Associate Dean of Research of College of Engineering at the University of Texas at Arlington, and director of the Database Exploration Laboratory (DBXLAB) at the CSE department at UTA. His is known for his work in databases, data mining, computational geometry, and algorithms.

Biography 
He graduated with a B.Tech. in computer science from IIT Kanpur, India, and with a Ph.D. in computer science from the University of Wisconsin, Madison. Prior to joining UTA in 2004, Das has held positions at Microsoft Research, Compaq and the University of Memphis.

Research 
Das's early research interests were in computational geometry and graph algorithms. His Ph.D. dissertation made several significant contributions, most notably the discovery of greedy graph spanners. Greedy spanners – for general weighted graphs as well as in the geometric setting –  have been continuously and extensively studied ever since, and have been shown to be almost as good as any other graph spanner in both lightness and edge sparsity.

In the subsequent decades, his research interests broadened to all aspects of Big Data Exploration, including data management, data analytics, machine learning and data mining. He contributed to early research on the intersection of databases and information retrieval, in particular keyword search (e.g., the DBXplorer system) and ranked retrieval in database systems. Other highlights of his research have been in time series mining, approximate query processing, and Deep Web analytics. He is presently working on areas such as machine learning approaches for approximate query processing, and fairness and explainability in data management systems.

His work has received several awards, including the Communications of ACM Research Highlight in 2021, Research Highlight Award of SIGMOD 2019, ACM SIGKDD Doctoral Dissertation Award (honorable mention) in 2014 (for his student), IEEE ICDE 10-Year Influential Paper award received in 2012, and numerous other awards.

Gautam Das has been on the editorial board of the journals ACM TODS and IEEE TKDE. He has served in the organization roles of several major conferences, including as General Chair of  ACM SIGMOD/PODS 2018.

See also
Geometric spanner
Greedy geometric spanner

References 

University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
University of Texas at Arlington faculty
Microsoft Research people
Compaq
IIT Kanpur alumni
Living people
Indian expatriate academics in the United States
Year of birth missing (living people)
Mechuka Advanced Landing Ground. Mechuka Advanced Landing Ground  is an Indian Air Force airstrip located at Mechuka in Shi Yomi district of Arunachal Pradesh, India. It is an Advance Landing Ground (ALG) of Indian Air Force.

History
In June 2019, An Indian Air Force Plane carrying 13 en route from Jorhat Airport in Assam went missing while en route to the airstrip. The aircraft's wreckage was found in the Siang district after eight days after being spotted by an MI 17 helicopter that was on a search & rescue mission.

Military usage

The area has a significant military presence, which also creates some employment opportunities for civilians. The airstrip is used frequently to bring in vital supplies from Assam via Antonov-32 aircraft and helicopters. The runway was renovated, strengthened, upgraded to a concrete runway and extended to 4,700 feet in 2017 by the government.In July 2018, Indian Air Force made a history by landing the C-17 Globemaster III at Mechuka ALG.It would make the military logistics transportation easier to the border areas in the state of Arunachal Pradesh, India.

Civil aviation usage

There is a twice-weekly helicopter service offered under the UDAN scheme on Monday and Saturday. Government of Arunachal Pradesh has invited bids from the private airlines to operate a 9-searter fixed-wing air service which will not be under the UDAN scheme.

As of December 2022, the new passenger terminal for handling passenger traffic is almost completed, and is expected to begin operations soon with Alliance Air's Dornier 228 passenger aircraft.

See also

 Military bases 
 List of ALGs
 List of Indian Air Force stations
 India-China military deployment on LAC
 List of disputed India-China areas
 Tianwendian
 Ukdungle

 Borders
 Line of Actual Control (LAC)
 Borders of China
 Borders of India
 
 Conflicts
 Sino-Indian conflict
 List of disputed territories of China
 List of disputed territories of India

 Other related topics
 India-China Border Roads
 List of extreme points of India
 Defence Institute of High Altitude Research
 Indian Astronomical Observatory

References

External links 
 IAF's ALG

Shi Yomi district
Airports in Arunachal Pradesh
Indian Air Force bases
Airports with year of establishment missing
ARC 7 de Agosto (PZE-47). ARC 7 de Agosto (PZE-47) is a Colombian-built large offshore patrol vessel of the Colombian Navy. The ship, laid down in August 2013, was built by the firm Cotecmar in Cartagena, Colombia, and used the German design of the Fassmer , modified to fulfill the requirements of the Colombian Navy. The construction, modified design and engineering was made by Colombians.

References

Patrol vessels of the Colombian Navy
Ships built in Colombia
2013 ships
Lars Bern. Lars Anders Vilhelm Bern (born on October 21, 1942) is a Swedish engineer, doctor of technology, author and debater. He is a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences. Bern has denied that the greenhouse effect has been proven, denies the extent of human influence on climate change that is part of the scientific consensus on climate change and has been described as a climate sceptic, climate denialist and conspiracy theorist.

Bern has been chairman of the corporation which operates the television channel , which has been described as conspiratorial and far-right.

Bibliography

References 

1942 births
Living people
Swedish engineers
Chalmers University of Technology alumni
Members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences
Swedish male bloggers
Joost Jacques Kalker. Joost Jacques Kalker (25 July 1933 The Hague – 24 April 2006) was a Dutch professor at Delft University of Technology, recognized for his contributions to the field of Contact mechanics. Particularly, in the case of railway systems, his results are used for solving wheel-rail contact problems and railway dynamics. The linear elastic coefficients defined in his theory are known as the Kalker Coefficients.

Biography 
Joost J. Kalker was born in a Jewish family. Joost J. Kalker and his family were persecuted during the German occupation of The Netherlands in World War II.

Professional work 
His PhD dissertation of 1967 was entitled: “On the rolling contact of two elastic bodies in the presence of dry friction”. In his thesis, Kalker proposed the mechanics behind frictional rolling with arbitrary lateral and longitudinal creep and spin. His basic assumption was to divide the contact patch between the two elastic bodies into two areas: adhesion area and sliding area. His theory made possible to calculate both creep forces and spin moment for rolling contact problems. His theory was first confirmed via experimental tests of creep forces conducted in England and Germany. In 1979, Kalker was appointed full professor at Delft University of Technology in applied mathematics. Kalker created two software with his theory: CONTACT and FASTSIM. He was member of the editorial board of the Journal Vehicle System Dynamics. Joost J. Kalker was advisor of six PhD researches: Max Viergever (1980), Francois van Geer (1987), Juergen Jaeger (1992), Gerard Braat (1993), Frédéric Jacques Périard (1998) and Zili Li (2002). In 1990, he published the book “Three-dimensional Elastic Bodies in Rolling Contact”. He died aged 72 due to a heart failure, 24 April 2006.

References 

1933 births
2006 deaths
Dutch Jews
20th-century Dutch engineers
Dutch mechanical engineers
Academic staff of the Delft University of Technology