omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
RAF Stansted Mountfitchet. RAF Stansted Mountfitchet is a former Royal Air Force station during the Second World War located near the village of Stansted Mountfitchet in the District of Uttlesford in Essex,  north-east of central London. The airfield is now London Stansted Airport.

History

Second World War
Construction work began in August 1942 by US Engineers of the 817th Battalion, who were later replaced by the 825th and 850th Battalions, with work being completed in August 1943. Although the official name was Stansted Mountfitchet, the base was, from early in its construction, usually referred to simply as the more manageable Stansted.

344th Bombardment Group
Stansted was officially opened on 7 August 1943 when the 30th Air Depot Group took up residence. The airfield was officially transferred to the Ninth Air Force on 16 October. On 8 February 1944, the first operational squadron arrived at Stansted, the 344th Bombardment Group, transferring in from Hunter Army Airfield in Georgia, USA. The 344th operated the Marauder bomber, and flew their first operational sortie on 6 March 1944. On 6 June 1944, the 344th led the Ninth Air Force on the first bombing mission of D-Day. The 344th left Stansted on 30 September 1944, when they moved to an Advanced Landing Ground at Cormeilles-en-Vexin, France.

2nd Tactical Air Depot 
Stansted airfield also served as a maintenance and supply depot, working on the Marauder bomber. Following Allied advances in the Normandy campaign, these activities were transferred to France, but Stansted remained in use as a supply storage area for the support of forward-deployed aircraft.

Post-war use 
Following the departure of the USAAF on 12 August 1945, Stansted was taken over by the Air Ministry, who used it both as a storage site (until 1949), and as a prisoner-of-war camp (until 1947).

The airfield passed to the Ministry of Civil Aviation in 1949. In 1954, work was undertaken to prepare the airfield for a return to military usage, including the extension of runways, however these plans fell through, and in 1966 control passed to the newly-formed British Airports Authority.

References

Bibliography

External links

Stansted Mountfichet
Airfields of the 9th Bombardment Division in the United Kingdom
Royal Air Force stations of World War II in the United Kingdom
RAF Stansted Mountfitchet
Blackburn Cirrus Midget. The Blackburn Cirrus Midget was a British four-cylinder, inverted, inline air-cooled aero engine designed and built in 1937 by the Cirrus Engine Section of Blackburn Aircraft Limited. Little is known of its development and use, its sole aircraft application being reported as the Chilton D.W.1 although it is possible that this did not transpire.

Specifications (Cirrus Midget)

See also

References

Notes

Bibliography

 Lumsden, Alec. British Piston Engines and their Aircraft. Marlborough, Wiltshire: Airlife Publishing, 2003. .

External links
Announcement of Blackburn Cirrus Midget introduction - Flight, September 1938 
Image of the Blackburn Cirrus Midget - Flight, November 1938

Air-cooled aircraft piston engines
Blackburn aircraft engines
1930s aircraft piston engines
Inverted aircraft piston engines
C14H8O5. {{DISPLAYTITLE:C14H8O5}}
The molecular formula C14H8O5 (molar mass: 256.21 g/mol, exact mass: 256.037173) may refer to:

 Anthrapurpurin, a purple dye used in histology
 1,2,4-Trihydroxyanthraquinone, aka Purpurin, an anthraquinone dye
 1,3,8-Trihydroxyanthraquinone
John Kim (professor). Jeongbin John Kim (born 1947) is the Rockwell International Distinguished Professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering in the UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, since 1993. He currently resides in Calabasas, California.

Personal and early life 
Kim was born in South Korea. He received his B.S. degree at Seoul National University in 1970; his M.S. at Brown University in 1974; and his Ph.D. at Stanford University in 1978.

Career 
Prior to joining UCLA, Kim worked at NASA Ames Research Center, where he conducted research in the areas of turbulence and transition physics as a research scientist and Chief of Turbulence and Transition Physics Branch. His primary research interest is numerical simulation of transitional and turbulent flows, physics and control of turbulent flows, and numerical algorithms for computational science. Kim has been a pioneer in developing direct numerical simulation (DNS) and large eddy simulation (LES) as a reliable and respected tool for studying physics of turbulence. He has been at the forefront of application of a new cutting-edge approach to flow control. His current interest is applying systems control theoretic approach to turbulence control.

John Kim served as Co-Editor-in-Chief of Physics of Fluids from 1998 to 2015.

Honors 
John Kim received the NASA Exceptional Scientific Achievement Medal in 1985, H. Julian Allen Award from NASA Ames Research Center in 1994, Otto Laporte Award from the American Physical Society in 2001, Ho-Am Prize in Engineering from the Ho-Am Foundation in 2002, and Distinguished Alumni Award from Seoul National University College of Engineering in 2009. He is a fellow of the American Physical Society.

In 2009, Kim was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering for the development of direct numerical simulation and seminal contributions to the understanding of the physics and control of turbulent flows.

References

External links
Turbulence Research Group at UCLA

1947 births
South Korean emigrants to the United States
Brown University alumni
UCLA Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science faculty
Stanford University alumni
Computational fluid dynamicists
Seoul National University alumni
Living people
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
People from Calabasas, California
NASA people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Physics of Fluids editors
Edward L. Wilson. Edward L. Wilson (born 1931) is an American civil engineer and academic known for his contributions to the development of finite element method. He was the T. Y. and Margaret Lin Professor in Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley and is professor emeritus, civil and environmental engineering, UC Berkeley. Wilson is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and a recipient of the John von Neumann Award.

Wilson is considered to be one of the early pioneers in the field of finite element analysis and its applications. He is credited with having written the first widely accepted computer package for structural analysis (SAP) and co-authored the widely cited book in FEM, "Numerical Methods in Finite Element Analysis", with Klaus-Jurgen Bathe.

Born September 5, 1931, in Ferndale, California, Wilson received his B.S., M.S., and D.Eng. degrees from the University of California, Berkeley in 1955, 1959, and 1963, respectively. He earned the master's and a doctoral degree under Ray W. Clough.

References

UC Berkeley College of Engineering alumni
UC Berkeley College of Engineering faculty
Living people
Members of the United States National Academy of Engineering
1931 births
People from Ferndale, California
Engineers from California
Mitchell Electronics. Mitchell Electronics Incorporated, founded in 1979, is a manufacturer of equipment to test and run servomotors, encoders and resolvers as well as various third-party electronic devices.  Corporate headquarters are located in Athens, Ohio, which is also where manufacturing takes place.  The company is an associate member of the Electrical Apparatus Service Association (EASA), an international electromechanical trade organization.

Company history
Mitchell Electronics began in 1979 by providing custom designed industrial electronic systems to the motion control.  By 1983 the company had progressed to offering standard computer based industrial products to end users and to original equipment manufacturers as components in their products and ten years later began offering encoder test equipment.  In 1999 the company began offering a suite of hardware and Windows-based software to designed to test additional types of encoders as well as resolvers and other servo feedback devices.

In 2001 the company introduced a line of equipment designed to provide repair shops and plant maintenance personnel the ability to test run many types of servo motors with one common drive device.  A patent was later issued to the company for "an apparatus that allows a non-standard brushless motor to be driven with a standard drive amplifier."

Equipment and Services
Mitchell Electronics' products include the TI-3000 line of servomotor run-rest equipment, TI-4000EX (formerly PulsePro) line of encoder test equipment, TI-5000EX (formerly TI-5000) line of PC based servo feedback test equipment and software and the TI-7000 line of servo feedback field test equipment.  Most major motor and feedback manufacturer's devices are supported by Mitchell Electronics equipment, which is widely used in the motor and feedback repair field and other industrial applications, such as CNC machining and robotics, around the world.  Notable manufacturing applications include use by Ford, General Mills, and Sturm Ruger.

The company additionally provides consulting, hardware and software development and manufacturing services to various third party distributors and OEM manufacturers, generally also in the electronics field, such as Avtron and certain divisions of Danaher.  Mitchell Electronics equipment is also used in servomotor operation and service training courses.

External links
Mitchell Electronics, Inc.

References

Electronics companies of the United States
Manufacturing companies based in Ohio
Polyaryletherketone. Polyaryletherketone (PAEK) is a family of semi-crystalline thermoplastics with high-temperature stability and high mechanical strength  whose molecular backbone contains alternately ketone (R-CO-R) and ether groups (R-O-R). The linking group R between the functional groups consists of a 1,4-substituted aryl group.

Properties
PAEK has a continuous operating temperature of  and under short-term loads can function up to . When burned it has the least toxic and corrosive fumes. It also has a low heat output when burned, so it qualifies for use in interior aviation applications. It also has good overall chemical resistance.

It has a tensile strength of  and a Young's modulus of . Its yield strength is  at  and  at . It does not break in an un-notched Izod impact test.

Chemistry
PAEK plastics are characterized by phenylene rings that are linked via oxygen bridges (ether and carbonyl groups (ketone)). The ratio and sequence of ether to ketones mainly affects the glass transition temperature and melting point of the polymer. It also affects its heat resistance and processing temperature. The higher the ratio of ketones the more rigid the polymer chain, which results in a higher glass transition temperature and melting point. The processing temperatures can range from 350 to 430 °C.

Plastics that fall within this family include:
PEK
PEEK
PEKK
PEEKK
PEKEKK (polyetherketoneetherketoneketone)

Production
PAEKs can be produced in two ways, one is called the nucleophilic route and the other is called the electrophilic route. The nucleophilic route has the formation of ether linkages in the polymerization step. The electrophilic route has the formation of carbonyl bridges during the polymerization step.

It can be processed using all of the typical thermoplastic processes, such as injection molding, extrusion, compression molding, additive manufacturing, and transfer molding.

Applications
One major engineering application is oil drilling components, such as seals, compressor rings, valve parts, gears, bearings, and wire coatings. It is also used in the chemical pump industry because it can withstand the temperature, stress, and has the corrosion resistance. In the automotive industry it is used to make gears and thrust bearings in transmissions.

Due to its excellent resistance to hydrolysis it is used in medical devices because it does not break down when sterilized. PEKEKK is used to make surgical implants, such as artificial hips.

References

Bibliography
.
.
.

Further reading

Organic polymers
Polyethers
Thermoplastics
XDM. XDM, xdm, or similar can refer to:

Computing
 X display manager, a part of the X Window System architecture
 XDM (display manager), the default display manager included with the X Window System
 XDM (file format), the Extensible Device Metadata open format for including depth maps and other metadata in standard image files
 XQuery and XPath Data Model
 Cross-document messaging, that works around the limits set by the same origin policy in a web browser

Firearms
 Springfield Armory XD-M, a pistol series sold in the United States by Springfield Armory, Inc.

Gaming
 XDM: X-Treme Dungeon Mastery, a role-playing game supplement by Tracy Hickman, Curtis Hickman and Howard Tayler.
Cybernet (brand). Cybernet  was a manufacturer of Hi-Fi-components. In 1982 the company was bought by Kyocera, which used the brand for low budget Hi-Fi-components. In Germany the slogan for Cybernet was "Deutschland's unbekannteste Hifi-Marke" (Germany's most unknown Hifi-brand).

It was considered an unimportant part of Germany's economy due to its lack of fame and budget.

References 

Audio equipment manufacturers of Germany
1982 mergers and acquisitions
East Jordan and Southern Railroad. The East Jordan and Southern Railroad was a shortline railroad that operated from 1901 to 1961 between East Jordan and Bellaire, Michigan.

History
During the lumbering era of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the area around the Jordan River was a prime spot for lumbering. The East Jordan & Southern's main purpose of creation was to haul the harvested lumber from the Hitchcock lumber camp to Bellaire where the logs would be transported by the Chicago and West Michigan Railroad to various sawmills. Along with the lumber industry, the East Jordan Iron Works also provided a large sum of the railroad's profits. After the lumber ran out during the 1920s, the railroad became more and more reliant on the industry in East Jordan and Bellaire for business. This was so until the East Jordan Iron Works decided to stop operating the railroad in August, 1961, and the line was subsequently abandoned.

Two crossroads on the line south and west over the ancient sand dunes to Bellaire were named Marble, and Mount Bliss   Most likely these were flag stops so a passenger would have to wait in the general store until the train whistled and came chugging into town.  Everyone in the store that was waiting for the train would scurry out and pay their fare and ride the train.  Many of the school children commuted on this train for high school classes and the families would have paid a fee for attending the East Jordan High School rather than attend small country schools.

The railroad today
The railroad tracks are gone, but most of the ties of the former railroad grade are still intact. As for Hitchcock, many small foundations can be found where the camp once stood. The Depot in East Jordan also still stands.

Citations

References
 Edson, William D. Railroad Names: A Directory of Common Carrier Railroads Operating in the United States  1826-1997. 4th edition. Potomac, MD: William D. Edson, 1999. .

External links
 The Antrim County Historical Society

Defunct Michigan railroads
Railway companies established in 1901
Railway companies disestablished in 1962
American companies disestablished in 1962
American companies established in 1901
Akhori Dam. The Akhori Dam project is a proposed multipurpose dam in Pakistan, about 60 km west of Islamabad. Developed by Pakistani Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) as part of its Water Vision 2025, it has been proposed by the former Pakistan Muslim League (Q)'s Government. 

The dam will be able to store about 8.6 billion cubic metres of water that is split filling the Tarbela reservoir during the monsoon season. It will also host a 600 MW hydropower plant, expected to generate an estimated 2,155 GWh/year.

Controversy
The local people of this area may be opposed to the proposal because they are small land holder agriculturalists, but the government continues to press on. Government officials claim locals though are willing to give up their land for the better of the nation. With the construction of the dam, as many as 49,320 persons would be displaced and the government would have to bear an environmental and resettlement cost of $0.3 billion. More than thirty villages including Daurdad, Akhori, Humak, Boota, Jabbi Shareef, and Bathou would be inundated.

References

External links

Youth prove more open-minded than politicians
Ministry recommends $1.6b for Akhroi Dam
Akhori dam and the Tarbela links

Dams in Pakistan
Hydroelectric power stations in Pakistan
Proposed hydroelectric power stations
Proposed renewable energy power stations in Pakistan
COALSCAN. COALSCAN is a brand of an online coal measurement system developed by Scantech Limited (originally Mineral Control Instrumentation).
COALSCAN analysis is a system for the on-line measurement of the mineral, moisture and ash content of coal and coal products. COALSCANs provide real time information for the quality and specification control of coal.
The instruments are made in Adelaide and sold to companies worldwide.

History 
Originally released to commercial market in 1985 the on-line coal measurement systems have been developed with technology from the  CSIRO and University of Queensland in collaboration with Scantech Limited.
Since the development of the COALSCAN there have been hundreds installed worldwide.

Awards 
The COALSCAN technology has won a number of awards over the past 25 years including:
 1985: Sir Ian McLennon Achievement for Industry Award, won jointly with the CSIRO to recognise the commercial development of the COALSCAN 4500
 1992: Dr Howarth, along with three CSIRO scientists, won the prestigious Australia Prize in 1992. This award formally recognised the excellence of the COALSCAN range of analysers.
 1994: Electronics Association of  South Australia Gold Cup for excellence in commercialisation and engineering of the COALSCAN9500 On-Line Elemental Analyser.
 2002: The COALSCAN range of products recognised by the Powerhouse Museum in Sydney as one of the most significant Australian innovations of the 20th Century.

References 

Coal mining
Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute. The Hong Kong Applied Science and Technology Research Institute Company Limited (ASTRI) was founded by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government in 2000 with the mission of enhancing Hong Kong's competitiveness through applied research. ASTRI's core R&D competence in various areas is grouped under five Technology Divisions: Advanced Electronic Components and Systems; Artificial Intelligence and Trust Technologies; Communications Technologies; Innovative Mind, and IoT Sensing and AI Technologies. It is applied across six core areas which are Smart City, Financial Technologies, New-Industrialisation and Intelligent Manufacturing, Digital Health, Application Specific Integrated Circuits and Metaverse.

Over the years, ASTRI has nurtured a pool of research, I&T talents and received numerous international awards for its pioneering innovations as well as outstanding business and community contributions. ASTRI has transferred 1,500 technologies to the industry and has been granted over 1,100 patents in the Mainland, the United States, and other countries.

Board of directors
ASTRI is headed by the chief executive officer and is governed by a board of directors from the business and academic worlds of Hong Kong and Hong Kong SAR government representatives. The Board of Directors has established three functional committees, namely the Finance and Administration Committee, the Science and Technology Committee and the Audit Committee to assist the board of directors in governing the academy.

The current chairman of the board is Ir Sunny Lee Wai-kwong, JP. The Permanent Secretary for Innovation and Technology and the Commissioner for Innovation and Technology represent the Hong Kong Government in the Board.

Senior executives
Chief Technology Officer: Dr Ying Huang
Chief Operating Officer: Ir Chris Chong
Chief Financial Officer: Ms. Cammy Yung

References 

Research institutes in Hong Kong
Multidisciplinary research institutes
Scientific organisations based in Hong Kong
Science and technology studies associations
Flow resistance. 

Medicine
 Vascular resistance

Physics
Electrical resistance, the measure of the degree to which a conductor opposes the flow of an electric current through that conductor
Friction
Drag (physics) ("air resistance"), fluid or gas forces opposing motion and flow
The inverse of Hydraulic conductivity, the ease with which water can flow through pore spaces or fractures in soil or rock
Thermal resistance, a measure of difficulty of heat flow through a substance
Thermal conductivity, how well heat flows through a substance
Thermal resistance in electronics, heat considerations in electronics design

Music 
Resistance to airflow through a wind instrument due to air friction (for instance, a tightly-coiled French horn has higher resistance than a straight unvalved slide trumpet)

Physics articles needing expert attention
AeDES (engineering). AeDES (Agibilità e Danno nell'Emergenza Sismica) is a printed Rapid Post-Earthquake Damage Evaluation form, from GDNT (Italian national seismic protection group). It is used by Italian qualified civil engineers to assess the structural damage of buildings after an earthquake.
The AeDES Form is used from the civil protection technical staff since June 1998 to survey damage in the after-shock. The form has 9 sections. This tool allows for the definition of the conformity or non-conformity of a building. 
The form is scanned and digitized for further evaluations. Information about position of the building, classification, material, structural typology, damage of the current event and previous damage are object of this form.

References
A. Bernardini (A cura di), La vulnerabilità degli edifici: valutazione a scala nazionale della vulnerabilità sismica degli edifici ordinari, CNR-Gruppo Nazionale per la Difesa dai Terremoti - Roma, 2000

External links
the first page of an AeDES sheet
AeDES sheet and guide to compilation
Italian nation seismic protection group

Earthquakes
Documents
Presentation semantics. In computer science, particularly in human-computer interaction, presentation semantics specify how a particular piece of a formal language is represented in a distinguished manner accessible to human senses, usually human vision. For example, saying that <bold> ... </bold> must render the text between these constructs using some bold typeface is a specification of presentation semantics for that syntax.

Many markup languages, including HTML, DSSSL, and XSL-FO, have presentation semantics, but others, such as XML, do not. Character encoding standards, such as Unicode, also have presentation semantics.

One of the main goals of style sheet languages is to separate the syntax that defines document content from the syntax endowed with presentation semantics. This is the norm on the World Wide Web, where the Cascading Style Sheets language provides a large collection of presentation semantics for HTML documents.

References 

Semantics
Human–computer interaction
Programming language topics