omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Jack Melchor. Jack Leon Melchor (July 6, 1925 – September 5, 2015) was an American engineer and venture capitalist who is considered a major figure in the early commercial history of Silicon Valley.

Early life and education
Melchor was born in Mooresville, North Carolina, and raised in China Grove, North Carolina. During World War II, he participated in the V-12 Navy College Training Program and was commissioned an ensign in the United States Navy.

Following the war, Melchor completed his Bachelor of Science and Master of Science in Physics from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and received a PhD from the University of Notre Dame in 1953.

Career
After completing his doctoral work, Melchor relocated to California where he began employment at Sylvania Electronic Defense Labs. In the 1950s he established his own company, Melabs, which he sold in 1960 after developing six microwave technology patents. The following year, he was hired as president of Hewlett-Packard Associates, a subsidiary of Hewlett-Packard.

After leaving Hewlett-Packard in 1968, Melchor became a technology-focused venture capitalist through his own firm. Described by the Los Altos Town Crier as a "key figure in the early days of Silicon Valley", he is credited with either starting or helping to finance more than 100 companies, including 3Com, The Learning Company, and Osborne Computer.

Melchor retired in 1980 but returned to work shortly thereafter advising the British government on venture operations, for which he took a nominal salary of one pound annually. He retired a final time in 1990.

Melchor was a fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

Personal life
Melchor was married to his wife, Norma (née Bair), from 1946 until her 2012 death. They had four children. He was a longtime resident of Los Altos, California.

With Norma Melchor, Jack Melchor was a regular guest at Claridge's. The couple stayed at the London hotel annually for a period of 40 years and were interviewed in the BBC documentary about it, Inside Claridge's.

Melchor endowed professorships in physics at both the University of North Carolina and the University of Notre Dame, and donated millions of dollars to El Camino Hospital, at which the Melchor Pavilion is named in his honor. He was a regular donor to the congressional campaigns of Tom Campbell. Melchor also volunteered as president of the Montclaire School PTA, as a Cub Scouts den master, and as a member of the University of Notre Dame Engineering Advisory Council. He was named "Los Altan of the Year" for 2007 by the Los Altos Town Crier and received the University of Notre Dame's 1967 Centennial of Science citation.

References

1925 births
2015 deaths
University of Notre Dame alumni
University of North Carolina alumni
People from Mooresville, North Carolina
Military personnel from North Carolina
American venture capitalists
Fellows of the IEEE
Blisworth Arch. The Blisworth Arch is a railway bridge in Blisworth, Northamptonshire, in eastern England. It was designed by Robert Stephenson for the London and Birmingham Railway and completed in 1837. It is a grade II listed building and a significant local landmark.

History
The name "Blisworth Arch" is a local name given to the bridge, which crosses the main Northampton to Towcester road just north of the village of Blisworth. The arch was built by 1837 for the London and Birmingham Railway (LBR), whose chief engineer was Robert Stephenson. The LBR was one of the first long-distance railways and its route became the southern section of the West Coast Main Line. As such, the Blisworth Arch remains in use. It featured in several contemporary illustrations of the construction of the LBR, including one by Thomas Roscoe.

Description
The bridge is built from red brick and faced with grey lias stone. The round-headed arch is  tall to the crown. It has a keystone in the centre and is flanked by pilasters and imposts where these meet the arch. On either side are  wide tapering buttresses. A moulded cornice runs the length of the bridge above the arch and below a parapet, which is finished with stone coping. The bridge has vertical wing walls running parallel, and similar perpendicular retaining walls supporting the embankment. The bridge has undergone little alteration since it was built as neither the road nor the railway have been widened—the A43 was rerouted to bypass Blisworth and the bridge is just west of the point where the Northampton loop deviates from the main line. Up to this junction, the line was quadruple-tracked in the 1880s but the Northampton loop added capacity, negating the need to modify structures between Roade and Rugby, including the Blisworth Arch. The National Transport Trust describes it as "an elegant and lofty arch". E. A. Labrum, in the Eastern and Central England volume of Civil Engineering Heritage, calls it "a fine example of the attention to detail in bridge design which was typical of the early railway engineers".

References

Grade II listed bridges
Grade II listed buildings in Northamptonshire
1837 establishments in England
Bridges completed in 1837
Railway bridges in Northamptonshire
Maria Vittoria Salvetti. Maria Vittoria Salvetti is an Italian aerospace engineer specializing in computational fluid dynamics and especially in the large eddy simulation of turbulence and complex flows. She is a professor of fluid dynamics at the University of Pisa, where she directs the Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering.

Education and career
Salvetti earned a laurea in aerospace engineering from the University of Pisa in 1989.
She completed a PhD in engineering science at the Université Nice-Sophia-Antipolis in France in 1993. Her research involved the simulation of hypersonic flows occurring in atmospheric entry, and was carried out at the French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation (INRIA). Her dissertation, Modelisation numerique et physique de couches de choc en regime hypersonique, was supervised by Alain Dervieux.

She was a postdoctoral researcher at the University of California, Santa Barbara and Stanford University, and returned to the University of Pisa as an assistant professor in 1993. She became associate professor in 2001 and full professor in 2012.

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Italian aerospace engineers
Italian women engineers
Computational fluid dynamicists
University of Pisa alumni
Academic staff of the University of Pisa
Women aerospace engineers
Ludger Wöste. Ludger Wöste (born 2 May 1946 in Emsbüren) is a German physicist and professor at the Free University of Berlin. He is known for research in laser control of chemistry and laser-based weather control through the creation of plasma channels by laser filamentation in air.

Education and career 
Wöste studied physics and electrical engineering at the RWTH Aachen University from 1965 and physics at the University of Bonn from 1968 with a diploma from Herbert Walther in 1972 (deflection of a sodium atom beam in the radiation field of a dye laser) and from 1973 to 1978 as an assistant to Ernst Schumacher at the University of Bern, where he received his doctorate in 1978 (mass selective laser spectroscopy on metal atom clusters). As a postdoc he was with Richard N. Zare at Stanford University until 1980, where he worked on laser chemistry (reactions on optically oriented molecules) and then he was until 1987 project manager (photodynamic behavior of metal clusters) and lecturer at the École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, and from 1981 as head of research for laser applications. In 1984, he was a visiting professor at the Aimé Cotton Laboratory of the University of Paris-Sud, where he studied the transition from non-conducting to conducting metal in mercury clusters. From 1989 he was a professor at the Free University of Berlin and from 2007 to 2008 he was dean of the physics department. Since 2014 he has been Wilhelm and Else Heraeus Senior Professor for new teaching concepts in physics.

Research 
Wöste's research focuses on the applications of laser spectroscopy and laser chemistry, including the aspects of ultrafast spectroscopy, catalysis, clusters, optical remote sensing of the atmosphere, He's also known for developments in physics education - among other things he developed a construction kit for demonstration experiments at schools around mass spectrometry and the laser.

In the 2000s, along with his former PhD student Jean-Pierre Wolf, Wöste and colleagues constructed the world's first mobile terawatt laser system, Teramobile. The goal of the project is to induce rainfall through intense laser-induced filamentation in air.

Honors and awards 
Wöste received the Marian Smoluchowski and Emil Warburg Prize for Physics in 1999 and the Gay-Lussac-Humboldt Prize in 2006. In 2004, he was honorary professor at Nanjing University. In 2007, he became a knight of the Ordre national du Mérite.

Wöste holds honorary doctorates from the West University of Timișoara and the University of Lyon I. Wöste holds 13 patents and has over 320 scientific publications.

Bibliography

References 

1946 births
Knights of the Ordre national du Mérite
Academic staff of the Free University of Berlin
21st-century German physicists
20th-century German physicists
RWTH Aachen University alumni
University of Bern alumni
Living people
People from Emsland
Broadly Applicable Tracking System. The Broadly Applicable Tracking System, or BATS, is a small, lightweight tool that scientists use to track animal movements. It is shaped like a backpack and glued onto the back of a bat or other small animal. It contains GPS and wireless internet equipment that allow the scientists track the animal's movements.

The scientists who invented BATS differentiate it from other systems because it is lighter, requires less power, and can track animals even inside caves or hollow trees. BATS can be made on a 3D printer, and it is so light that it does not slow down small bats when they fly.

BATS falls off the animal's back after about fourteen days.  Scientists then collect fallen BATS to reuse the parts.

Scientists have used BATS to show that vampire bats form social bonds when being kept by humans that they remember after being released.

Name

Scientists named the tool "broadly applicable tracking system" because they believe it can be used in a broad range of animals: bats, rodents, amphibians and reptiles. As of April 2020, BATS has only been used on bats.

Invention

The team that invented BATS includes scientists from the Museum of Natural History in Berlin and universities in Germany and Ohio State University.

References

Bats
Technology
Moroccan frigate Allal Ben Abdellah. Allal Ben Abdellah (615) () is a SIGMA 9813 frigate of the Royal Moroccan Navy. The ship is the last of three SIGMA multi-mission frigates ordered by Morocco from Damen Schelde Naval Shipbuilding, entering service in 2012.

Design and description 
Allal Ben Abdellah has a length of , a beam of  and draft of . The frigate has a displacement of  and is powered by combined diesel or electric (CODOE) type propulsion, consisted of two  SEMT Pielstick 20PA6B STC diesel engines, four 435 kVA/60 Hz generators, and one 150 kVA/60Hz emergency generator connected to two screws. She has a top speed of , range of  with cruising speed of , and endurance up to 20 days. The ship has a complement of 91 personnel.

The ship is armed with one OTO Melara 76 mm/62 gun and two 20 mm modèle F2 guns. For surface warfare, Allal Ben Abdellah are equipped with four Exocet MM40 Block 3 anti-ship missile launchers and twelve vertical launching system cells for MBDA MICA anti-aircraft missiles. For anti-submarine warfare, she is equipped with two three-tube B515 torpedo tubes for MU90 Impact torpedo.

Her sensors and electronic systems consisted of Thales SMART-S Mk2 air/surface surveillance radar, Thales LIROD Mk2 radar/electro-optical fire-control system, Thales KINGKLIP UMS 4132 sonar, Thales TACTICOS combat management system, Thales TSB 2520 IFF, two navigation radars, Thales VIGILE 100 ESM system, Thales SCORPION radar electronic countermeasure, and two TERMA SKWS chaff launchers.

Allal Ben Abdellah also has a hangar and flight deck for a 9 tonnes helicopter. The ship also has two rigid-hulled inflatable boats.

Construction and career 
Royal Moroccan Navy signed a contract with Damen on 6 February 2008 for three SIGMA frigates, also referred to as "Moroccan multi-mission frigates" (), with the contract value estimated to be US$1.2 billion. The third frigate, which is a SIGMA 9813 design, was laid down in September 2009 at Damen shipyard in Vlissingen, Netherlands. The ship was launched in October 2011. The ship completed sea trials in June 2012.

Allal Ben Abdellah was transferred to the Royal Moroccan Navy and commissioned on 8 September 2012 in Rotterdam, coinciding with the 35th World Port Days event held in the city. In the next three weeks the ship's crew undergo Sail Safety Training in Den Helder and the North Sea, assisted by Royal Netherlands Navy personnel. At the conclusion of the training course in late September 2012, the frigate started her maiden voyage to Morocco.

References

External links

2011 ships
Ships built in Vlissingen
Frigates of the Royal Moroccan Navy
Ge Xiurun. Ge Xiurun (; 12 July 1934 – 4 January 2023) was a Chinese rock mechanics engineer, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

Biography
Ge was born in Nanhui County (now Nanhui District), Shanghai on July 12, 1934. He attended the Nanyang Model High School. In 1952, he was accepted to Tsinghua University, where he majored in the Water Conservancy Department. In 1954, he arrived in the Soviet Union to begin his education at the Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture. 

He returned to China after graduating with a vice-doctorate degree and began working in the Central South Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, which was reshuffled as the Wuhan Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics later. Between 1981 and 1983, he worked at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, alongside Leopold Müller. From January 1980 to January 1998, he successively worked as deputy director and then director of the Research Office of Wuhan Institute of Geotechnical Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in January 1985.

On January 4, 2023, Ge died at the age of 88.

Honours and awards
 1985 State Science and Technology Progress Award (Special) for the Gezhouba Second and Third Rivers Project and Its Hydropower Units
 1990 State Science and Technology Progress Award (Third Class) for the three dimensional finite element analysis of gravity dam on Qing River considering complex foundation
 1995 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)

References

1934 births
2023 deaths
Engineers from Shanghai
Nanyang Model High School alumni
Tsinghua University alumni
Academic staff of Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
20th-century Chinese engineers
21st-century Chinese engineers
Baojie Bridge. The Baojie Bridge () is a historic stone arch bridge over the  in Binhu District of Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.

History
The originally bridge was built by Rong Desheng, a prominent industrialist from Wuxi, in 1934, during his 60th birthday. The bridge is  long and  wide, with 60 bridge openings.

In the 1990s, due to the development of Yuantouzhu Scenic Area (), the China Central Television (CCTV) continued to build Tang Dynasty City (), the Three Kingdoms City () and Water Margin City () as film and television bases in the south of Baojie Mountain (), which attracted a large number of tourists and caused serious traffic congestion in Baojie Bridge. Larry Yung, grandson of Rong Desheng, donated 30 million yuan to build a new bridge,  long and  wide,  east of the old bridge. The opening ceremony was held on 16 October 1994. In December 2011, it was inscribed as a provincial key cultural unit by the Government of Jiangsu.

Gallery

References

Bridges in Jiangsu
Arch bridges in China
Bridges completed in 1994
1994 establishments in China
Service account. A service account or application account is a digital identity used by an application software or service to interact with other applications or the operating system. They are often used for machine to machine communication (M2M), for example for application programming interfaces (API). The service account may be a privileged identity within the context of the application.

Updating passwords 
Local service accounts can interact with various components of the operating system, which makes coordination of password changes difficult. In practice this causes passwords for service accounts to rarely be changed, which poses a considerable security risk for an organization.

Some types of service accounts do not have a password.

Wide access 
Service accounts are often used by applications for access to databases, running batch jobs or scripts, or for accessing other applications. Such privileged identities often have extensive access to an organization's underlying data stores laying in applications or databases.

Passwords for such accounts are often built and saved in plain textfiles, which is a vulnerability which may be replicated across several servers to provide fault tolerance for applications. This vulnerability poses a significant risk for an organization since the application often hosts the type of data which is interesting to advanced persistent threats.

Service accounts are non-personal digital identities and can be shared.

Misuse 
Google Cloud lists several possibilities for misuse of service accounts:
 Privilege escalation: Someone impersonates the service account
 Spoofing: Someone impersonates the service account to hide their identity
 Non-repudiation: Performing actions on their behalf with a service account in cases where it is not possible to trace the actions of the abuser
 Information disclosure: Unauthorized persons extract information about infrastructure, applications or processes

See also 
 Kerberos Service Account, a service account in Kerberos (protocol)
 Administered service account, a service account within managed services
 Privileged identity management
 Robotic process automation

References 

Software
Cybersecurity engineering
James C. McGroddy. James C. McGroddy is an American physicist. His early focus was on the electronic structure of metals. His Ph.D. thesis title was "Polar Reflection Faraday Effects in Aluminum".

Career
He joined IBM’s Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights as a Research Staff Member in 1965.

In November 1977, he was named IBM Research Division Vice President of Semiconductor Science and technology.

In May 1989 he became IBM Director of IBM Research ("IBM Research Magazine", Summer 1989) and was responsible for IBM's Research Division which consisted of approximately 3,500 employees at 5 main laboratories (Yorktown Heights, NY, Almaden CA, Zurich, Switzerland, Yamato, Japan and Haifa, Israel). Soon after his appointment, he drove the effort to overhaul the patent process at IBM, leading the company become the largest producer of patents for the next 25 years and adding billions of dollars to the bottom line.

Recognition
In 1991 he was elected a member of the US National Academy of Engineering 

In 1995, he was the recipient of the American Physical Soceity's George E. Pake Prize.

In 1999 the American Physical Society International Prize for New Materials was renamed the James C. McGroddy Prize for New Materials and endowed by IBM.

Retirement
McGroddy retired from IBM at the end of 1996.

References

1937 births
Living people

American physicists
Dawn Elliott. Dawn M. Elliott is an American biomedical engineer whose research concerns the biomechanics of connective tissue including the tendons, menisci, and intervertebral discs. She is Blue and Gold Distinguished Professor of Biomedical Engineering at the University of Delaware, adjunct professor of orthopaedic surgery at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, and the former president of the Biomedical Engineering Society.

Education and career
Elliott majored in mechanical engineering as an undergraduate at the University of Michigan, graduating in 1988. She earned a master's degree in engineering mechanics at the University of Cincinnati in 1995, and completed a PhD in biomedical engineering at Duke University in 1999.

She was a professor of orthopaedic surgery and bioengineering at the University of Pennsylvania for 12 years, before joining the University of Delaware in 2011 as founding chair of the Department of Biomedical Engineering.

She was elected as president of the Biomedical Engineering Society in 2017, for the 2018–2020 term.

Recognition
Elliott was named as an ASME Fellow in 2012, and as a Fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering in 2013, "for outstanding contributions to the field of biomechanics, elucidating the mechanical factors that contribute to intervertebral disc degeneration".

In 2015 the American Society of Mechanical Engineers gave Elliott the Van C. Mow Medal. In 2019 she was named as the inaugural winner of the Adele L. Boskey, PhD Award of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

References

External links
Elliott research group

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American bioengineers
21st-century American women engineers
21st-century American engineers
University of Michigan alumni
University of Cincinnati alumni
Duke University alumni
Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania faculty
University of Delaware faculty
Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Fellows of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering
Chung K. Law. Chung King Law (;born 31 August 1947;also known as Ed Law) is a Chinese-born American scientist and a Robert H. Goddard professor at Princeton University. He is a specialist in the combustion science.

Career and research
Law received his bachelors and masters degree, respectively from University of Alberta and University of Toronto. He completed his PhD in 1973 under the supervision of Forman A. Williams at University of California San Diego. He worked at the General Motors Research Laboratories for two years and briefly at the Princeton University before joining the faculty at the Northwestern University in 1976. He joined the faculty of University of California Davis in 1984 and left in 1988, to join the faculty at Princeton University, where he is currently the Robert H. Goddard professor.

Law has made several contributions to the combustion field, especially, in connection with droplet dynamics and burning, laminar flame speed and stretched flames, chemical mechanism reduction.

Books

Honors and awards
Law holds many honors and awards. He is an elected fellow of ASME (1989), AIAA (1992), APS (2006),  the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (2010), the American Association for the Advancement of Science (2012), Combustion Institute (2018). He is an elected member of the US National Academy of Engineering (2002). He is a past president of the Combustion Institute (2000-2004).

 Silver Combustion Medal (1990) from The Combustion Institute
 Alfred C. Egerton Gold Medal (2006) from The Combustion Institute
 Pendray Aerospace Literature Award (2004) from AIAA

The journal Combustion and Flame issued a special issue commemorating Law's 70th birthday in 2018.

References

External links
 

1947 births
University of Toronto alumni
Fluid dynamicists
Living people
University of California, San Diego alumni
Fellows of the Combustion Institute
Fellows of the American Physical Society
University of Alberta alumni