omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Barber-Colman knotter. A Barber-Colman knotter is a piece of textile machinery used in a weaving shed. When all the warp carried on the weavers beam has been used, a new beam replaces it. Each end has to pass through the eyes on the existing heddles, and through the existing reed. The knotter takes each new thread and knots it the existing end, which will pull it through the correct healds and reed, saving much time. A good man could do 32 or 33 warps a day.

See also 
 Barber-Colman Company

References

Textile machinery
Weaving equipment
Polycarbonyl. Polycarbonyl, (also known as polymeric-CO, p-CO or poly-CO) is a solid, metastable, and explosive polymer of carbon monoxide. The polymer is produced by exposing carbon monoxide to high pressures.  The structure of the solid appears amorphous, but may include a zigzag of equally-spaced CO groups.

Formation
Poly-CO can be produced at pressures of 5.2 GPa; it is amorphous and yellow to dark red in color. Polymerisation is catalysed by blue light at slightly lower pressures in the δ-phase of solid CO. Another white, crystalline phase can be made at higher temperatures at 6 or 7 GPa.

R. J. Mills discovered this solid, which was first produced in a tungsten carbide anvil in 1947.  Originally this was thought to be polymeric carbon suboxide, but the formation does not yield any gas byproduct such as carbon dioxide. The yield of the solid can be up to 95%.

Properties
The polymer is stable above about 80 K.  Below this temperature the ε form of solid molecular CO is formed instead.  When the pressure is released the polymer remains stable at atmospheric pressure.  The solid dissolves in water, alcohol and acetone. When exposed to the atmosphere it is hygroscopic, becomes gluey, and changes colour, becoming darker. The reaction with water produces carboxylic groups.

The solid stores a high energy.  It can decompose explosively forming glassy carbon and carbon dioxide. The energy density stored can be up to 8 kJ/g. During the decomposition the temperature can be 2500 K. The density is 1.65 g/cm3, however most of the solid produced is porous, so the true density is likely to be higher.

Infrared spectroscopy shows bands at 650, 1210, 1440, 1650 and 1760 cm−1.  The 1760 band is likely to be due to the -C-(C=O)-C- structure. The 1600 is due to vibration of a C=C double bond.

The solid is electrically insulating with an electronic gap energy of 1.9 eV.

Nuclear magnetic resonance for the material made from 13CO shows sharp resonance at 223 ppm due to ester or lactone attached carbon, and 151 ppm due to C=C double bonds. There is also broad resonance at 109 and 189 ppm. Over time of a few days, the 223 ppm peak reduces and all the other features increase in strength.

Structure
Ideas of the structure include a zigzag chain of CO pointing in opposite directions, or five atom rings connected by CO and  bonds. The rings are lactones of tetronic acid: . Interconnections between the rings are zigzags of CO.

Other ideas of the structure of the solid, include graphitic carbon with carbon dioxide under pressure, and a polymer with this  monomer: . Yet other ideas are that the solid is the same as the polymer of carbon suboxide with oxalic anhydride.

References

Other reading

Oxocarbons
Explosive chemicals
Explosive polymers
Open Management Infrastructure. The Open Management Infrastructure stack (OMI, formerly known as NanoWBEM) is a free and open-source Common Information Model (CIM) management server sponsored by The Open Group and made available under the Apache License 2.0.

Overview
OMI was contributed to The Open Group by Microsoft on June 28, 2012, with the goal "to remove all obstacles that stand in the way of implementing standards-based management so that every device in the world can be managed in a clear, consistent, coherent way and to nurture [and] spur a rich ecosystem of standards-based management products." The source code is hosted on GitHub.

See also

Windows Remote Management

References

External links
 .
 

DMTF standards
Free and open-source software
Microsoft free software
Open standards
Software using the MIT license
2012 software
Rowing tank. A rowing tank is an indoor facility which attempts to mimic the conditions rowers face on open water.

Rowers sit in fixed rowing positions, with a channel of water to either side of the 'boat'. Older tanks used the power of the athlete to circulate water. This experience is unrealistic, and the rowing stroke is not accurately reproduced. Modern tanks move the water past the rowers, simulating the feel of rowing a boat through open water.

Rowing tanks are primarily used for off-season rowing, muscle specific conditioning and technique training, or simply when bad weather does not allow for open water training. A tank allows basic technique to be taught to newcomers to the sport in a safe environment, and enables coaches to work on the technique of more experienced oarsmen.

See also
Rowbike
Rowing
Indoor rower

References

Rowing equipment
Federal Technology Transfer Act of 1986. The United States Federal Technology Transfer Act of 1986 (P.L. 99-502) was, after the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980, the second major piece of legislation focused on technology transfer from federal government agencies to the commercial sector. The act established the Federal Laboratory Consortium and enabled federal laboratories to enter into Cooperative Research and Development Agreements (CRADAs) and to negotiate licenses for patented inventions made at the laboratory.

Follow up legislation
The 'Small Business Technology Transfer Act of 1992' was enacted to increase opportunities for small businesses and non profit organizations to collaborate with federal research laboratories. Agencies with a more than $1 billion extramural research and development budget must reserve 0.3% of their extramural research budget for Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) awards.

In parallel, in December 1992, the related 'Small Business Research and Development Enhancement Act' (P.L. 102-564) was passed to reauthorize the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program for joint ventures until September 30, 2000. The 'Small Business Reauthorization Act of 2000' (P.L. 106-554) reauthorized the program until September 30, 2008. Numerous extensions passed with the most recent one extending the SBIR program through 2022. It is to "incentivize and enable startups and small business to undertake R&D with high technical risk and high commercial reward."

See also
 Bayh–Dole Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-517)
 Executive Order 12591 (1987)
 Executive Order 12999: Educational Technology
 Office of Research and Technology Applications
 Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-480)

Notes

United States federal commerce legislation
Technology transfer
Julian Clifford Holmes. Julian Clifford Holmes (November 20, 1930 – December 16, 2012) was an American physicist, rocket scientist, inventor, political activist and environmental gadfly.

Holmes was born in Portland, Maine.  The son of mathematics teachers Cecil T. and Marion C. Holmes, he studied physics at Bowdoin College, from which he was hired in 1951, by the Rocketry Division of the United States Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) in Washington, D.C, where he spent his entire career, retiring as a GS 14 Government physicist on December 30, 1985.

At NRL, Holmes’ career evolved with the Cold War. He developed countermeasure sensors for detecting distant nuclear events, and designed aeronomy instrumentation for the Navy's Aerobee class of scientific rockets during the Navy's technological transition from cathode ray tube electronics to solid-state electronics. He also developed formulas for interpreting data captured by these rockets' returning payloads, bringing a better understanding of the nature of the earth's ionosphere, and of the effects of solar fluxes and manmade chemicals on it.

In the course of his work, Holmes was awarded six patents for inventions relating to electronic countermeasures, development of instrumentation for the Aerobee rocket series, and for interpretation of data from Aerobee and other rockets.

In addition to his scientific and engineering achievements, Holmes was a citizen activist,  stimulating reforms in rural Maryland county zoning laws in the 1960s and 1970s.  Holmes  used Grand juries to investigate corruption in the 1980s.  In 1993 Holmes returned to Maine with companion Audrey Marra.  There he helped enact a ban on the sale of controversial gasoline additive MTBE in that state. He became an advocate for forestry reform and island conservation, playing a key role in the rejection of an industrial port on pristine Sears Island in Penobscot Bay.

Holmes died in Lewiston, Maine on December 16, 2012.

References

1930 births
2012 deaths
Activists from Portland, Maine
American physicists
Bowdoin College alumni
Scientists from Maine
Activists from Maryland
Hankyu 8200 series. The  is an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated in Japan by the private railway operator Hankyu Railway since 1995.

Operations 
The 8200 series sets are used during the weekday morning rush hour on the Kobe Main Line to provide additional capacity for Commuter Limited Express and Rapid Express trains, when cumulative congestion can reach 147% during this time. They were also formerly used during the evening rush hour.

Formations
, the fleet consists of two 2-car sets, formed as follows.

The "Mc1" cars are fitted with two single-arm pantographs.

Interior
The sets were built with tip-up seats to increase passenger capacity, but these were later replaced with fixed longitudinal seating.

References

Electric multiple units of Japan
8200 series
Train-related introductions in 1995
Alna Koki rolling stock
1500 V DC multiple units of Japan
BB Microlight 103. The BB Microlight 103 is a Hungarian ultralight trike, designed and produced by BB Microlight of Baja, Hungary. The aircraft is supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Design and development
The aircraft was designed to comply with the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles rules, including the category's maximum empty weight of . The aircraft has a standard empty weight of . It features a cable-braced hang glider-style high-wing, weight-shift controls, a single-seat open cockpit, tricycle landing gear with wheel pants and a single engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft is made from bolted-together aluminum tubing, with its wing covered in Dacron sailcloth. Its  span wing is supported by a single tube-type kingpost and uses an "A" frame weight-shift control bar. The powerplant is a twin cylinder, air-cooled, two-stroke, dual-ignition  Rotax 447 engine. The aircraft has an empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload is .

The carriage comes with brakes, full suspension and a cockpit fairing, but is also available in nanotrike form without the fairings.

A number of different wings can be fitted to the basic carriage, including the BB Microlight BB-03 Trya and the US-made 40% double surface Manta RST. The Manta RST comes in four sizes, graded by wing area: , ,  and .

In the United States the aircraft is imported by Manta Aircraft and fitted with the Manta RST wing.

Specifications (103 with Manta RST 12.5 wing)

References

External links

2000s Hungarian sport aircraft
2000s Hungarian ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Ultralight trikes
BB Microlight aircraft
Hankyu 2300 series (1960). The  was an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated in Japan by the private railway operator Hankyu Railway from 1960 until March 2015.

Formations

 The "Mc" and "Mo" cars were each fitted with two lozenge-type pantographs.

Interior
Passenger accommodation consisted of longitudinal bench seating throughout.

History
Construction of the trains began in 1960. The Hankyu 2300 series was the recipient of the inaugural Laurel Prize presented by the Japan Railfan Club in 1961. The final set in service operated until 20 March 2015.

Preserved examples
 2301 + 2352: Shōjaku Depot, Osaka
 2311 cab end: Privately preserved in Sanda, Hyōgo.

References

Further reading
 

Electric multiple units of Japan
2300 series
Train-related introductions in 1960
600 V DC multiple units
1500 V DC multiple units of Japan
Naniwa Koki rolling stock
Sulyman Age Abdulkareem. Sulyman Age Abdulkareem is a Nigerian academic and professor of chemical engineering who served as the Vice-Chancellor of the University of Ilorin from 2017 to 2022.

Abdulkareem  graduated from University of Detroit in the US in 1980, with BChE and MChE degrees in chemical engineering. In 1988 he was awarded a Ph.D. by the University of Louisville in the US. His areas of specialisation are heterogeneous catalysis and reaction engineering.

Abdulkareem has worked for the Nigerian Steel Development Company in Ajaokuta, Nigeria, and for 3M in Minnesota, US. He was a research engineer and assistant professor in the King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals in Saudi Arabia.

Prior to his appointment at the University of Ilorin, Abdulkareem was Vice-Chancellor of Al-Hikmah University in Ilorin. He was appointed as new Vice-Chancellor of the University of Ilorin on 28 August 2017 and took up his role on 16 October 2017. He was preceded by Abdul Ganiyu Ambali.

Publications (selected)

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Nigerian chemical engineers
University of Detroit Mercy alumni
Academic staff of the University of Ilorin
University of Louisville alumni
BB Microlight BB-two seater. The BB Microlight BB-two seater is a Hungarian ultralight trike, designed and produced by BB Microlight of Baja, Hungary. The aircraft is supplied as a kit for amateur construction or as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Design and development
The aircraft was designed to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category, including the category's maximum gross weight of . It is marketed in the United States in the Light-sport Aircraft category as an ELSA by Manta Aircraft.

The aircraft features a cable-braced hang glider-style high-wing, weight-shift controls, a two-seats-in-tandem open cockpit, tricycle landing gear with wheel pants and a single engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft is made from bolted-together aluminum tubing, with its double surface wing covered in Dacron sailcloth. Its  span wing is supported by a single tube-type kingpost and uses an "A" frame weight-shift control bar. The standard powerplant is a twin cylinder, air-cooled, two-stroke, dual-ignition  Rotax 503 engine, with the liquid-cooled  Rotax 582 and the two cylinder, air-cooled, four-stroke, dual-ignition  HKS 700E engines optional.

The aircraft has an empty weight of  without the engine fitted and a gross weight of . Full fuel is .

A number of different wings can be fitted to the basic carriage, including the US-made 40% double surface Manta RST and the 80% double surface Manta Orca 12 RST. The Manta RST comes in four sizes, graded by wing area: , ,  and . The Hungarian-made  BB Microlight BB-02 Serpa or the  BB Microlight BB-01 Bence are also available.

Specifications (BB-two seater with Serpa wing)

References

External links

2000s Hungarian sport aircraft
2000s Hungarian ultralight aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Ultralight trikes
BB Microlight aircraft
Guy T. Houlsby. Guy Tinmouth Houlsby FREng is Professor of Civil Engineering and former Head of the Department of Engineering Science at the University of Oxford. He specialises in Geotechnical Engineering and more particularly in offshore foundations.

Education
He carried out research in Geotechnical Engineering at the University of Cambridge, under the advisory of Peter Wroth, leading to the award of a PhD degree in 1981 with his thesis titled "A Study of Plasticity Theories and Their Applicability to Soils".

Recognition
Professor Houlsby was invited to deliver the 54th BGA Rankine Lecture in 2014 at Imperial College, entitled "Interactions in Offshore Foundation Design". In 2001 he delivered the 5th BGA Géotechnique Lecture.

He was elected in 1999 as a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering (FREng).

References

British civil engineers
Living people
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Fellows of Brasenose College, Oxford
Year of birth missing (living people)
Peter Wroth. Charles Peter Wroth (1929–1991) was a British civil engineer, a world pioneer in geotechnical engineering and soil mechanics. He led the design and construction of the Hammersmith flyover.

Education
Wroth was educated at Marlborough College and Emmanuel College, Cambridge, where he studied Engineering and carried out research in Soil Mechanics under Kenneth H. Roscoe, leading to the award of a PhD degree in 1958 with his thesis titled "The behaviour of soils and other granular media when subjected to shear". He served as Professor at the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge. He also served as Master of Emmanuel College for a brief period prior to his death.

Academic recognition
He delivered the 24th Rankine Lecture, titled "The interpretation of in situ soil tests".

Sport
Wroth played county cricket at amateur level, playing minor counties cricket for Devon from 1947–50, and later for Cambridgeshire in 1962. He also played international hockey for Wales.

References

1929 births
1991 deaths
Alumni of Emmanuel College, Cambridge
Masters of Emmanuel College, Cambridge
British civil engineers
English cricketers
Devon cricketers
Cambridgeshire cricketers
20th-century English sportsmen
Kenneth H. Roscoe. Kenneth Harry Roscoe (13 December 1914 – 10 April 1970) was a British civil engineer who made tremendous contributions to the plasticity theories of soil mechanics.

Early life
Roscoe was born in 1914, the son of Col. H. Roscoe, OBE, of Stoke-on-Trent. He was educated at Newcastle-under-Lyme High School and at Emmanuel College, Cambridge, where he studied the Mechanical Sciences tripos and was elected a senior scholar. After a brief period spent as a technical trainee at Metropolitan-Cammell, Roscoe was posted as an adjutant to the Corps of Royal Engineers Forward Sub-Area in northern France at the beginning of World War II. In 1940 he was captured at Boulogne and spent the next five years in Germany as a Prisoner of War.

Work
After returning to the Department of Engineering at Cambridge in 1945 as a research student, Roscoe was subsequently employed as a demonstrator, lecturer and reader, before being elected into one of the Professorships of Engineering at the university in 1968. From 1946 he was head of the department's Soil Mechanics Laboratory. In an attempt to advance soil testing techniques, in the late forties and early fifties, he developed a simple shear apparatus in which his successive students attempted to study the changes in conditions in the shear zone both in sand and in clay soils. In 1958 a study of the yielding of soil based on some Cambridge data of the simple shear apparatus tests, and on much more extensive data of triaxial tests at Imperial College London from research led by Professor Sir Alec Skempton at the Imperial Geotechnical Laboratories, led to the publication of the critical state concept.

Roscoe's experiences of trying to create tunnels to escape when held as a prisoner of war introduced him to soil mechanics. His pioneering work lead to the formation of the theory of Critical state soil mechanics and what is known today as the Cam clay constitutive model for the behaviour of soils.

Academic Contribution
He was the research supervisor of John Burland, A. Thurairajah, Andrew N. Schofield and Peter Wroth. In 1970, he delivered the 10th Rankine Lecture titled "The influence of strains in soil mechanics".

See also

 Critical state soil mechanics

References

1914 births
1970 deaths
Alumni of Emmanuel College, Cambridge
Geotechnical engineers
Engineering educators
Professors of engineering (Cambridge)
Alpaslan-2 Dam. The Alpaslan-2 Dam is an embankment dam on the Murat River in Muş Province, Turkey. The dam is located about  north of the provincial capital, Muş. The primary purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power production and irrigation. Its power station has an installed capacity of 280 MW, planning to deliver 850 GWh annually, and the reservoir will help irrigate  of land.

Timeline 
Enerjisa Power Generation Inc. acquired the license for the power station from Özışık İnsaat & Enerji in April 2011 and Yenigün Construction started excavating the diversion tunnels May 2012. In late May 2013 Pöyry was awarded the detailed design of the dam, power station, spillway and switch yard. 

Enerjisa initially planned the diversion tunnels to be complete by the end of 2012, and the whole project by 2016. Construction progress however has been heavily delayed. Construction was indeed interrupted during a year (2016-2017). 

In 2017, after a year of negotiation, the half-built stalled project was transferred to a new contractor, Czech group Energo-Pro (cs), for completion and operation of the dam, with a concession running until 2059. A definitive financing plan was signed as late as November 2019, with Energo-Pro investing a total €175 million.

Alpaslan-2 power station was connected to the grid in November 2020, and fully commissioned in April 2021.

See also

Alpaslan-1 Dam – sister dam upstream, completed in 2009
Upper Kaleköy Dam – downstream, completed in 2018

References

Dams in Muş Province
Rock-filled dams
Hydroelectric power stations in Turkey
Dams on the Murat River
European green infrastructure. The European green infrastructure is an important part of the new (post-2010) EU strategy for biodiversity and biodiversity policy.

It is one of the main tools to tackle threats on biodiversity resulting from habitat fragmentation, land use change and loss of habitats.
Green Infrastructure will play a decisive role in integrating biodiversity into other policies, such as agriculture, forestry, water, marine and fisheries, regional and cohesion policy, climate change mitigation and adaptation, transport, energy and land use policy. It is also an important tool for existing Directives such as the Water Framework Directive, the Marine Framework Directive, Environmental Impact Assessment and Strategic Environment Assessment Directives.

In addition, particular attention will be given to strengthening the integration of green infrastructure aspects in the EU’s various funding programmes (e.g. structural and cohesion funds, CAP, LIFE) over the current and future financial programming period starting in 2013 and to improving the ecological coherence of the Natura 2000 Network.

Planning approach

GIS applications
The continued development of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and their increasing level of use is particularly important in the development of Green Infrastructure plans. The plans frequently are based on GIS analysis of many layers of geographic information.

Economic effects

See also
Green infrastructure
Low-impact development
Sustainable urban drainage systems

References

Further reading
 Green infrastructure , Nature, Juin 2010

External links
...

Environmental engineering
Hydrology and urban planning
Landscape
European Union and the environment