omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Wang Xi (politician). Wang Xi (; born August 1966) is a Chinese materials scientist and politician who is an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and currently vice governor of Guangdong.

He was an alternate member of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and is an alternate member of the 20th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

Early life and education
Wang was born in Shanghai, in August 1966, while his ancestral home in Nantong, Jiangsu. He attended the Nantong Middle School of Jiangsu Province. In 1987, he graduated from the Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University. He went on to receive his master's degree in 1990 and doctor's degree in 1993 from the Shanghai Institute of Metallurgy, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), all in material physics.

Academic career
After graduating in 1994, he stayed and worked at the Shanghai Institute of Metallurgy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, where he was promoted to deputy director of the Third Research Office in 1996 and director of the Third Research Office in 1998. He then continued working in the newly restructured Shanghai Institute of Microsystems and Information Technology, where he moved up the ranks to become deputy president in 2004 and president in 2010. In December 2009, he was unanimously chosen as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, becoming the youngest member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2009. He served a short term as vice chairman of the China Association for Science and Technology from June 2016 to May 2017. He also served as president of the CAS's Shanghai Institute of Advanced Research from April 2017 to May 2019. He was a visiting scholar at the Australian Commonwealth Institute of Science and Industry between July 1993 and May 1994 and the Rosendorf Research Center, Germany between May 1996 and June 1998.

Political career
Wang joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in April 2001. He began his political career in May 2019, when he was appointed vice minister of the Science and Technology.

Wang was chosen as vice governor of Guangdong in August 2020 and in May 2022 he was admitted as member of the Standing Committee of the CCP Guangdong Provincial Committee, the province's top authority.

Honours and awards 
 2006 State Science and Technology Progress Award (First Class) for the research and industrialization of high-end silicon based SOI materials
 2008 Science and Technology Progress Award of the Ho Leung Ho Lee Foundation
 December 2009 Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)

References

1966 births
Living people
Scientists from Shanghai
Chinese physicians
Tsinghua University alumni
Members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Alternate members of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
Alternate members of the 20th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
Makr Shakr. Makr Shakr (pronounced Maker Shaker) is a producer of robotic bartenders and baristas based in Turin, Italy. The robots receive orders from customers via mobile devices, and leverage automation technologies to prepare different beverages.

Research and development 

Development for Makr Shakr's robotic bartenders began at MIT Senseable City Lab led by professor Carlo Ratti, with the support of the Coca-Cola and Bacardi. It originated from the concept to leverage digital technologies to "explores the new dynamics of social creation and consumption".

The prototype is equipped with the ability to perform motions essential to bartending like shaking, muddling and slicing. In addition, cocktail-making is "crowdsourced" through a mobile app inviting individual users to contribute their own recipes. Its movement is modelled after the choreography by New York Theater Ballet's Marco Pelle.

Makr Shakr was first introduced to the public through various international technology and design events. After a test run in April 2013 during the Milan Design Week, three mechanical arms were deployed at the Google I/O Conference in San Francisco a month later.

In 2014, Makr Shakr received design awards by Core 77 and D&AD for its concept and digital interface respectively.

Commercial launch 

Makr Shakr was launched commercially as a start-up in 2017, with an assembly line set up in Turin, Italy. It partners with the German automative system manufacturer KUKA in producing the robotic bartenders.
 
Operating at a rate of 60-90 seconds per drink, the brand's various models are implemented in cities such as Amsterdam, Prague, London and Las Vegas. The Bionic Bar, produced by Makr Shakr, is installed in nine cruise ships of cruise line Royal Caribbean.  The company is set to debut in Changi Airport, Singapore, Bali, Olympia, Wa and Dallas in 2024.

The company's flagship robot Toni featured in the exhibition "AI: More Than Human" at the Barbican, London in 2019.

Influence on restaurants and bars 

As the COVID-19 pandemic drastically affected the food and beverage business, Makr Shakr was credited in media as one of the robotic devices that have offered solutions to alleviate the difficult situation faced by the industry, from reducing human contact and the possibility to spread the virus, to providing relief for the shortage of manpower.

In late 2019, the brand initiated the pilot of a stipend program in the US, in collaboration with SUNY Erie Community College, New York. With the sale of every robotic unit, the company offered parts of the proceeds to a selected individual whose livelihood had been affected by automation to acquire a new professional skill. The first stipend recipient was sponsored to study in the Brewery Science and Service Program.

See also 
 Automated restaurant

References 

Italian companies established in 2017
Organisations based in Turin
Bartending equipment
Robotics companies
Robotics at KUKA
Shahed Aviation Industries. Shahed Aviation Industries Research Center (مرکز تحقیقات صنایع هوایی شاهد) is an Iranian aerospace company known for designing military helicopters and UAVs. They are associated with the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Aerospace Force (IRGC-ASF) and the Iran Aircraft Manufacturing Industries Corporation (HESA).

Products

Helicopters
HESA Shahed 274
HESA Shahed 278
HESA Shahed 285

Drones

 Shahed 121
 Shahed 123
 Shahed 125
 Shahed 129
 Shahed 131
 HESA Shahed 136
 Shahed 141
 Shahed 149 Gaza
 Shahed 161
 Shahed Saegheh-1
 Shahed 171 Simorgh
 Shahed 191 (Saegheh-2)
 Shahed 197
 Shahed 238

Sanctions
On 20 October 2022, the European Union imposed sanctions against Shahed Aviation Industries, claiming the company is supplying drones to Russia to support its invasion of Ukraine. Russia released no statement about whether or not they were using them.  In November 2022, Shahed Aviation was also sanctioned by the United States and Canada.

References

Defence companies of Iran
Aerospace companies of Iran
New Smoking Material. New Smoking Material was a £7 million product development project run by Imperial Tobacco and Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) mainly in the 1970s intended to reduce the harmful content of cigarette smoke.  Research and commercialisation was done under a joint company New Smoking Materials Ltd (incorporated 1957, dissolved 2012). The term, or its abbreviations N.S.M. or NSM, were also used for products used or intended to be used as a partial replacement for tobacco in cigarettes as a result of this or research by other companies.

The material was modified cellulose (which is a major constituent of tobacco).  Three companies produced rival products: in the USA Celanese, brand name Cytrel, in the UK ICI, brand name NSM, and Courtaulds brand name Tabrelle, but only Cytrel and NSM went to market, in July 1977. Four companies produced cigarettes mainly containing 25% new smoking material: Gallaher (which had one product with 40%), Rothmans International, W.D. & H.O. Wills, and John Player & Sons.

The two products Cytrel and NSM were judged less harmful than tobacco and approved by a special government committee, the Independent Scientific Committee on Smoking and Health, which was formed in 1973 and as its first action produced guidelines for the testing of tobacco substitutes and additives.  However, there was a public outcry when it was revealed that the research involved animal experiments in which beagles were made to inhale tobacco smoke, or the substitute tobacco smoke, or a mixture of the two, at the equivalent of 30 cigarettes per day for several years.

Sales of the new cigarettes peaked at about 4% of UK sales shortly after launch, but dropped to 0.6% six months later, far below the expectations of Imperial, which had constructed a £15 million factory to produce 15% of the UK market.

Imperial finally closed the factory making NSM in 1981.

References

Smoking
Cigarettes
Imperial Chemical Industries
Imperial Brands
John Williams (Surveyor of the Navy). Sir John Williams (1700 – c.1784) was a British shipbuilder and designer who rose to be Surveyor of the Navy, the highest position in British naval architecture.

Life

He was born in 1700 the grandson of a John Williams who designed HMS Crescent in 1642. 

In 1762 he was a Master Shipwright in Sheerness Dockyard. His only named ship construction is .

In June 1765 he was appointed Surveyor to the Navy, working alongside Thomas Slade. This role was based in the Admiralty and involved the master planning of the British fleet and strategic planning of harbour improvements.

In April 1778, he was joined at the Admiralty by Edward Hunt. He left in December 1784 his position being filled by John Henslow.

Ships designed
Portland-class ship (1766) 50-gun ships
Swan-class ship-sloop (1766) 14-gun sloops of which at least 25 were built
Amazon-class frigate (1770) thirty-three 32-gun frigates launched from 1773
Enterprise-class frigate (1771) twenty-seven 28-gun frigates launched from 1773
HMS Vengeance (1771) 74-gun ship of the line launched in 1774
Experiment-class ship (1772) a series of 50-gun ships 
Sphinx-class post ship (1773) a series of ten 20-gun post ships
HMS Royal Sovereign (1774) 100-gun ship of the line not launched until 1786 and Collingwood's flagship at the Battle of Trafalgar
HMS Montagu (1775) 74-gun ship of the line launched in 1779
Porcupine-class post ship (1776) ten 24-gun post ships
HMS Jupiter (1776) 50-gun ship launched in 1778.
Alert-class cutter (1776) a series of 14-gun cutters
Sprightly-class cutter (1776) a series of 10-gun cutters
HMS Childers (1778) a 10-gun sloop
Flora-class frigate (1778) a series of four 36-gun frigates
L'Experiment (1779) 50-gun ship of the line
HMS Latona (1779) 38-gun frigate launched in 1781
HMS Unicorn (1781) 20-gun ship (redesign of the "Unicorn Prize")
HMS Raven (1782) 18-gun sloop (redesign of HMS Ceres?)
HMS Pigmy (1782) 14-gun cutter
HMS Blonde (1783) 32-gun frigate launched in 1787

References

1700 births
1784 deaths
Surveyors of the Navy
Sun Legende 41. The Sun Legende 41 is a French sailboat that was designed by American Doug Peterson as a cruiser-racer and first built in 1984. The design was based upon a prototype International Offshore Rule One Ton class racer, named Legende.

In 1990 the design was developed into the Sun Fast 41.

Production
The design was built by Jeanneau in France in the United States, from 1984 to 1994, with 580 boats completed.

Design
The Sun Legende 41 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass, with wood trim. The hull is made from hand-laid polyester fiberglass, with an option of Kevlar reinforcement (Aramat K), while the deck is made of a fiberglass-balsa sandwich. It has a masthead sloop rig, with a keel-stepped mast, one set of unswept spreaders and aluminum spars. The hull has a raked stem, a reverse transom, an internally mounted spade-type rudder controlled by a wheel and a fixed fin keel, deep draft keel or stub keel and retractable centerboard.

The boat is fitted with an inboard  diesel engine for docking and maneuvering. The fuel tank holds  and the fresh water tank has a capacity of .

The design typically has sleeping accommodation for six people in three cabins, with a double "V"-berth in the bow cabin, two straight settees in the main cabin and two aft cabins with double berth. The galley is located on the port side at the companionway ladder. The galley is U-shaped and is equipped with a two-burner stove, an icebox and a double sink. A navigation station is opposite the galley, on the starboard side. The forward head is located just aft of the bow cabin on the port side, while there is also an aft head. Cabin maximum headroom is . The "team" version has four cabins.

For sailing downwind the design may be equipped with a symmetrical spinnaker of .

The design has a hull speed of .

Variants
Sun Legende 41 Fin Keel
This model displaces  and carries  of cast iron ballast. The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel.
Sun Legende 41 Regatta
This racing-oriented model has a taller mast, a deeper keel and increased sail area. It displaces  and carries  of lead ballast. The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel.
Sun Legende 41 Centerboard
This model displaces  and carries  of ballast, consisting of cast iron exterior ballast and a steel centerboard. The boat has a draft of  with the centerboard down and  with the centerboard retracted for operation in shallow water.

Operational history
The boat was at one time supported by an active class club that organized racing events, the One Ton class.

See also
List of sailing boat types

References

External links

Keelboats
1980s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Sailboat type designs by Doug Peterson
Sailboat types built by Jeanneau
Université Centrale (Tunis). Université Centrale (Arabic : الجامعة المركزية الخاصة), is a private university based in Tunis, Tunisia. It offers degrees in engineering, health, information technology, and business.

Since 2017, it has been part of Honoris United Universities.

History 
Launched in 2001, by Slah Ben Turkia, the university is divided in 2010 in 4 structures :

 École centrale des sciences médicales et de la santé
 École centrale polytechnique privée de Tunis
 École centrale de droit et de gestion
 École centrale des lettres, des arts et des sciences de la communication

Partnerships 
In 2021, the university launches a school of real estate with Century 21.

UC has partnerships with different startup incubators, in Italy for example.

Academic partners are almost all in Europe and the United States, Oakland University for example.

The health students are trained in the Tunis Medical Simulation Center.

References

External links 

Education in Tunis
Universities in Tunisia
Schools in Tunis
2001 establishments in Tunisia
Xiaohu FEV. The Xiaohu FEV (Family Electric Vehicle) (), also known as the Mullen Go, is an electric city car produced by Beijing Henrey Automobile Technology.

Overview
Mullen Technologies unveiled a rebadged version in October 2022, which includes a 16.5 kWh battery pack that provides  of range in the New European Driving Cycle.

In 2022, the Xiaohu FEV received an update, gaining more autonomy.

Powertrain
The battery powers a  electric motor and allows the vehicle to reach a top speed of .

Sales

References

Cars introduced in 2021
Electric cars
Production electric cars
Cars of China
City cars
Rear-wheel-drive vehicles
Microcars
Hatchbacks
Rear-engined vehicles
Main Computation Centre of the General Staff. The Main Computation Centre of the General Staff (GVC) is a unit of the Russian Armed Forces dedicated to the guidance and control of missiles such as the sea-launched ЗМ-14 or Kalibr, ground-launched R-500 aka 9М728 or Iskander systems and air-launched Kh-101. The unit was established in 1963.

The group is found at a minimum of two locations: the headquarters of General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces at Znamenka Street 19 in Moscow, and at the Admiralty headquarters in St. Petersburg. As of October 2022 it was led by Major General Robert Baranov and Lt Col Igor Bagnyuk.

Operations
The programmes for the flight path of the cruise missiles are generated remotely at GVC facilities in St. Petersburg or Moscow and transferred on a USB memory stick to the missile before launch, for example at an airfield, on board a truck, or at sea or a naval base in the case of a submarine.

References

Military units and formations of Russia
1963 establishments in Russia
Arbat District
Thermal Science. Thermal Science is a peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal founded in 1997 and published by Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences. The journal is focused on physics and chemistry, and aims to amplify recent scientific results accomplished in Serbia and Southeast Europe.

The editor-in-chief is Vukman Bakić (Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Serbia) and Editor-In-Chief Emeritus is Prof Simeon Oka (University of Belgrade, Serbia).
 
Since beginning of 2021 year, authors need to pay article processing charges, and they retain unrestricted copyrights and publishing rights.

Abstracting and indexing
Since 2007 year, the journal is abstracted and indexed in Scopus, and the Science Citation Index Expanded. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 1.971.

References

External links

Engineering journals
Academic journals established in 1997
English-language journals
Creative Commons Attribution-licensed journals
5 times per year journals
Antoinette Maniatty. Antoinette M. Maniatty (born 1965) is an American materials scientist whose research involves the mechanical properties of materials. She has particularly studied elasticity, fatigue, and cracking in the aluminum alloys used in aircraft. She is a professor and department chair in the Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

Early life and education
Maniatty was born in 1965 in Cincinnati, and grew up in Allentown, Pennsylvania, where she went to Parkland High School. She became an undergraduate at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, where she majored in mechanical engineering, graduating summa cum laude in 1987. After earning a master's degree in 1988 from the University of Minnesota, under the supervision of Nicholas Zabaras, she attended Cornell University, where she earned a second master's degree in 1990 and completed her Ph.D. in 1991. Her dissertation, Eulerian elasto-viscoplastic formulation for modeling steady-state deformations with strain-induced anisotropy, was supervised by Paul Dawson.

Career
After a year as a visiting lecturer in South Africa at the University of Natal, she returned to the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute as Clare Boothe Luce Assistant Professor in 1992. She was promoted to associate professor in 1998 and full professor in 2005.

Recognition
Maniatty was named as an ASME Fellow in 2005.

References

External links
Home page

1965 births
Living people
Scientists from Cincinnati
American materials scientists
Women materials scientists and engineers
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni
University of Minnesota alumni
Cornell University alumni
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute faculty
Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Parkland High School (Pennsylvania) alumni
Beijing Henrey Automobile Technology. Beijing Henrey Automobile Technology Co., Ltd. () (also known as Henrey Automobile ()) is an battery electric vehicle company. It was founded in Beijing Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park in May 2010.

Henrey automobile has three subsidiaries: Henan Henrey Automobile Co., Ltd., Yantai Henrey Automobile Co., Ltd. and Xuchang Herun electromechanical Co., Ltd.

History 

Henrey Automobile was founded in May 2010 in Beijing with the aim of research and development in the field of small urban electric cars. Henrey's activities included independent development of not only the structure of the body and floor panel and suspension system, but also the engine, battery and driver support systems. Preparations for the premiere of the first Henrey car took a total of 10 years, resulting in the presentation in 2020 of the urban hatchbacka under the Xiaohu brand in the form of Xiaohu FEV. The car was developed with the domestic Chinese market in mind, but, in 2022, local companies expressed interest in importing it under their own name, including: in Thailand and Pakistan, as well as the American startup Mullen Technologies.

Models
 Xiaohu FEV (Family Electric Vehicle), available in both 3 and 5-door configurations.

References

Electric vehicle manufacturers of China
Chinese brands
Car brands
Hideo Fujiwara. is a Japanese computer scientist who made significant contributions to ATPG (automatic test pattern generation) algorithms. As one of his works, he invented the FAN algorithm in 1983, which was the fastest ATPG algorithm at that time, and was adopted by industry.

He was born in Nara, Japan, and studied electronic engineering at Osaka University, where he received his B.E. degree in 1969, M.E. in 1971, and Ph.D. in 1974.  He was with Osaka University from 1974 to 1985, Meiji University from 1985 to 1993, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST) from 1993 to 2011, and Osaka Gakuin University from 2011 to 2021.  Presently, he is Professor Emeritus of NAIST.

References

Living people
1946 births
Japanese computer scientists
Osaka University alumni
Academic staff of Nara Institute of Science and Technology
Fellows of the IEEE
People from Nara Prefecture
Project CETI. Project CETI is an international initiative to understand the acoustic communication of sperm whales using advances in artificial intelligence. The project has an interdisciplinary scientific board including marine biologists, artificial intelligence researchers, roboticists, theoretical computer scientists, and linguists. The project has a base on the island of Dominica where recordings are being collected. The organization has been selected as a TED Audacious Project. 
CETI researchers have identified 156 distinct codas and their basic components, a "sperm whale phonetic alphabet" much like phonemes.

See also
 Whale sound
 Human–animal communication
 Animal cognition
 Animal communication
 Interspecies communication
Communication with extraterrestrial intelligence

References

Human–animal communication
Organizations established in 2020
Science in society
Interspecies communication
Animal communication