omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Methyl chloroformate. Methyl chloroformate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula . It is the methyl ester of chloroformic acid. It is an oily colorless liquid, although aged samples appear yellow. It is also known for its pungent odor.

Preparation 
Methyl chloroformate can be synthesized using anhydrous methanol and phosgene.

Properties 
Methyl chloroformate hydrolyzes in water to form methanol, hydrochloric acid, and carbon dioxide. This decomposition happens violently in the presence of steam, causing foaming. The compound decomposes in heat, which can liberate hydrogen chloride, phosgene, chlorine, or other toxic gases.

Uses
Methyl chloroformate is used in organic synthesis for the introduction of the methoxycarbonyl functionality to a suitable nucleophile (i.e. carbomethoxylation).

Safety
Methyl chloroformate forms highly flammable vapour-air mixtures. The compound has a flash point of 10 °C.
Methyl chloroformate, if heated, releases phosgene. It produces hydrogen chloride upon contact with water. It will cause skin damage if in contact with skin.

See also
Ethyl chloroacetate
Chloroacetic acid

References

Methyl esters
Chloroformates
Reagents for organic chemistry
Wendefurth Dam. The Wendefurth Dam () near Wendefurth in the Harz is one of the dams downstream of the Rappbode Dam, that provides flood protection as well as impounding the River Bode to provide the lower reservoir for the Wendefurth Power Station. In addition it is a bathing lake and also supports fish farming.

Dam wall 
The actual dam is a  high gravity dam made of 16 segments that is  above the valley floor and  wide at the crest. The individual segments of the dam are sealed on the upstream side with copper sheets set into the concrete. In addition the joints are sealed with tar and hemp. The flexure of the individual segments under water pressure is constantly monitored. By means of pendulums suspended on the dam wall the degree of flex can be measures. The movement of segments relative to one another is also under constant observation. The wall has several galleries for inspection purposes. Two bottom outlets have been installed at the base. The huge  annular piston valves can deliver up to  of water. It is currently being investigated whether the water outflow can be used for energy purposes.

The bedrock consists of manganese slate that is not particularly watertight. So that the dam wall is not lifted up from underneath by water pressure at the base, the pressure at the foot is relieved by over 40 bubble caps (Glocken) with drainage pipes (Steigleitungen). The building water pressure is measured at intervals. By means of the observation well, the long term condition of the mountain is investigated.

The operator, the Saxony-Anhalt Dam Company (Talsperrenbetrieb Sachsen-Anhalt), has made the Wendefurth Dam accessible to visitors. In an adjacent engineering park, old dam components are given a final use.

There is a good viewing point over the dam and reservoir at Talsperrenblick on the hillside beyond the eastern end of the reservoir, accessible on footpaths from Wendefurth. It is checkpoint 62 in the Harzer Wandernadel hiking system.

See also 
 List of dams in the Harz
 List of reservoirs and dams in Germany

Sources 
 Talsperren in Sachsen-Anhalt. Talsperrenmeisterei des Landes Sachsen-Anhalt, 1994

External links 

 Wendefurth Dam at en.structurae.de 
 Saxony-Anhalt Dam Company 
 Wendefurth Dam 

Dams in Saxony-Anhalt
Dams in the Harz
Buildings and structures in Harz (district)
Dams completed in 1966
Luttinger's theorem. In condensed matter physics, Luttinger's theorem is a result derived by J. M. Luttinger and J. C. Ward in 1960 that has broad implications in the field of electron transport. It arises frequently in theoretical models of correlated electrons, such as the high-temperature superconductors, and in photoemission, where a metal's Fermi surface can be directly observed.

Definition

Luttinger's theorem states that the volume enclosed by a material's Fermi surface is directly proportional to the particle density.

While the theorem is an immediate result of the Pauli exclusion principle in the case of noninteracting particles, it remains true even as interactions between particles are taken into consideration provided that the appropriate definitions of Fermi surface and particle density are adopted. Specifically, in the interacting case the Fermi surface must be defined according to the criteria that
   or   
where  is the single-particle Green function in terms of frequency and momentum. Then Luttinger's theorem can be recast into the form
,
where  is the real part of the above Green function and  is the differential volume of -space in  dimensions.

See also

 Fermi liquid
 Fermi surface
 Luttinger–Ward functional

References

Inline

General
 
 
 
 
 

Condensed matter physics
Eponymous theorems of physics
Fermions
2,4,6-Tribromophenol. 2,4,6-Tribromophenol (TBP) is a brominated derivative of phenol.  It is used as a fungicide, as a wood preservative, and an intermediate in the preparation of flame retardants.

Production 

Although natural TBP has been identified in ocean sediments as a metabolite of marine fauna, the commercial product is prepared industrially.  In 2001, the production volume of TBP was estimated to be 2500 tonnes/year in Japan and 9500 tonnes/year worldwide.  TBP can be prepared by the controlled reaction of elemental bromine with phenol:

Uses 
The predominant use of TBP is as an intermediate in the preparation of flame retardants such as brominated epoxy resins. TBP is reacted with sodium hydroxide to form the sodium salt, which is used as a fungicide and wood preservative.

Bismuth salt 
The bismuth salt is the active ingredient in Xeroform dressing.

Metabolism 
Microbial metabolism in products treated with TBP is known to produce 2,4,6-tribromoanisole (TBA),  which has a musty odor.  In 2010 and 2011, Pfizer and Johnson & Johnson voluntarily recalled some products due to TBA odors from wooden pallets which were treated with TBP.

References 

Fungicides
Bromoarenes
Phenols
Digifold. Digifold is a new generation of four and six corner folding device for box gluers and associated machinery. Development began in the late 1990s, and was first exhibited at IPEX 2002 trade show. A system using Siemens S7-200 PLC and Siemens Servo controllers was developed throughout the late 1990s, into the year 2000. It was the first system, in the box folding industry, to use carbon fibre as a construction material (used in the drive shafts), and advanced aluminium (aluminum) alloys in the clamping devices. Although it was not the first servo driven backfolding system, it used advanced materials to improve speed and reduce cost over comparable systems (notably from Jagenberg, Bobst and others)

References
 Jez Abbott (30 May 2008) Morgana quadruples the speed of its latest DigiFold creaser-folder, printweek.com
 Morgana DigiFold infiltrates the CIA, ProPrint, Jan 21, 2009

External links
 Product page

Machines
H2O Audio. H2O Audio is a company based in San Diego, California, which develops accessories for portable media players.  In 2008, it was notable for being one of the top 500 fastest growing companies in the United States.  H2O Audio has an international distribution system covering over 30 countries, including the United Kingdom, Australia, Mexico, and Japan.

They hold various US patents, including the patent for the Commander Scroll Wheel Technology which allows for control of a touch sensitive rotatable wheel (like the one found on non touch-screen iPod models) in conjunction with a fully waterproof hard case. They also make the only housing with attached speakers that allows iPods and iPhones to function and be controlled underwater up to depths of 300 feet.

H2O Audio's motto is "Your Sport, Your Music", and their sponsored athletes include Michael Phelps, Natalie Coughlin, Laird Hamilton, and triathletes Greg and Laura Bennett.

History
H2O Audio was started as a graduate student project at San Diego State University by a SCUBA diver who wanted to take music with him while diving; hence the company was originally named Diver Entertainment. In 2002, the first patents were approved, followed by the development of waterproof technologies in 2003. By 2004, the first underwater SCUBA product was shipped. In 2005, the company moved into developing waterproof headphones and cases for MP3 players, including iPods. By 2007, Olympic swimmer Natalie Coughlin was brought on as the first official H2O Audio Ambassador, and in 2008, big wave surfer Laird Hamilton was also named an official H2O Audio Ambassador. Currently, Laird Hamilton has his own signature version of Surge Headphones. In 2009, Olympic swimmer Michael Phelps also became an official ambassador of the brand, along with triathletes Greg and Laura Bennett.

References

External links
 
H2O Audio Surge SX10 Review

Further reading
 
 

Portable media players
Soot tattoo. Soot tattoos are carbon stains made by inserting soot into the dermis layer of the skin via a drug injection. A drug user may try to sterilize the tip of a needle with a flame, leaving a small amount of soot on the outside of the needle. An injection can carry this residual carbon into the skin, leaving a mark known as a soot tattoo.

Soot tattoos are an accidental cutaneous condition. This is distinct from the intentional practice of a tattoo artist creating a tattoo with a design in the skin using soot as a pigment in tattoo ink.

See also 
 List of cutaneous conditions

References 

Skin conditions resulting from physical factors
G Pulla Reddy College of Engineering & Technology. G Pulla Reddy Engineering College is a college of Kurnool, situated in Andhra Pradesh, India. It is affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Anantapur.

Courses offered 
 Civil Engineering
 Electrical and Electronics Engineering
 Mechanical Engineering
 Electronics and Communications Engineering
 Computer Science & Engineering
 Computer Science and Technology
 Computer Science and Business Systems
 CSE (Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning)
 CSE (Data Science)

Ranking 

College got National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) ranked in 150 -200 band among the engineering colleges in 2023.

References

External links
 https://www.gprec.ac.in/about-us/

Engineering colleges in Andhra Pradesh
Universities and colleges in Kurnool district
Educational institutions established in 1985
1985 establishments in Andhra Pradesh
Fournier RF-10. The Fournier RF-10 is a two-seat motor glider designed by René Fournier in 1981. The aircraft is a further development of the RF-9 and incorporated plastic and carbon-fiber structures.

The aircraft has also been license manufactured in Brazil as the AMT 100 Ximango.

Operators

 Portuguese Air Force received four RF-10s in 1984.

Specifications (RF-10)

References

Bibliography
 
 

1980s French sailplanes
Fournier aircraft
Motor gliders
T-tail aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1981
Blackmagic Fusion. Blackmagic Fusion (formerly eyeon Fusion and briefly Maya Fusion, a version produced for Alias-Wavefront) is post-production image compositing developed by Blackmagic Design and originally authored by eyeon Software. It is typically used to create visual effects and digital compositing for movies, TV-series and commercials and employs a node-based interface in which complex processes are built up by connecting a flowchart or schematic of many nodes, each of which represents a simpler process, such as a blur or color correction. This type of compositing interface allows great flexibility, including the ability to modify the parameters of an earlier image processing step "in context" (while viewing the final composite). Upon its acquisition by Blackmagic Design, Fusion was released in two versions: the freeware Fusion, and the commercially sold Fusion Studio.

Fusion is available for Linux, Microsoft Windows, and with the release of Fusion 8, macOS.

History 
Fusion was originally developed in 1987 as in-house software developed for use by New York Production & Design (NYPD), a post production and visual effects boutique based out of Sydney, Australia. The very first version of the software was written in DOS and consisted of little more than a UI framework for quickly chaining together the output of pre-existing batch files and utilities. eyeon Software Inc. was formed specifically to commercialize Fusion, and all operations relating to the software were moved to Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

In 2014, Blackmagic Design acquired eyeon Software Inc, and is now developing the Fusion software.

Released in 2018, version 15 of DaVinci Resolve, also developed by Blackmagic Design, added an integrated version of Fusion within the application.

Version history

Uses 
Fusion has been used on over 1000 major Hollywood blockbuster feature films as of 2015 as well as on many TV shows, among them:

Fusion has also been used in video games such as Halo 5: Guardians, Destiny: Rise of Iron and Dawn of War III.

References

External links 
 Official Fusion Product Page
 We Suck Less - Forum Fusion Community

Compositing software
Lua (programming language)-scriptable software
MacOS graphics-related software
Software derived from or incorporating Wine
Windows graphics-related software
Austro Engine. Austro Engine is an Austrian manufacturer of aircraft engines based at Wiener Neustadt in Lower Austria.

History
The production site and headquarters was built in 2007 with an investment of EUR 13 Million. The company was founded by Diamond Aircraft Industries and partners. The products are reciprocating engines and Wankel engines.  The Wankel aero-engines are developed from the MidWest AE series engines developed at Staverton by MidWest, a UK firm that was bought by Diamond.

Products

Austro Engine E4 (AE 300)

Reciprocating four-cylinder, four-stroke diesel aircraft engine, marketed as the AE 300, it produces 170 hp (127 kW). Certified through the European Aviation Safety Agency EASA on January 28, 2009 and through the FAA on July 29, 2009. The E4 is installed on various types of Diamond Aircraft Industries aircraft.

Austro Engine AE 330
Derived from the AE300, the AE 330 produces an increased 180hp (132kW) of power.  Two AE330s are used to power the  Diamond DA62.

AE50R

Single rotor Wankel engine with  displacement,  and a weight of  . The AE50R is installed on the Schleicher ASH 30, Schleicher ASH 31 and Schiebel Camcopter S-100.

AE75R

Further development of the AE50R. No certification. Twin rotor, , (max)  at 7000 rpm, .

AE80R

Another development of the AE50R with a power output of , announced in January 2013.

AE200
3-cylinder inline, . Intended to power a diesel variant of the Diamond DA20.

AE500

Based on Steyr Motors' M1 3.2 liter "Monoblock", the AE500 (6-cylinder, ) is the result of the cooperation between the two companies. It was intended for use in the Diamond DA50 but was instead replaced with the Continental CD-300.

Austro Engine GIAE110R

Twin rotor Wankel engine with  displacement,  and a weight of  . Does not seem to have been placed in production.

See also

References

External links

 Official Austro Engine website
 Diamond Aircraft North America
 Austro filling the gap for Diamond (flightglobal.com)

Aircraft engine manufacturers of Austria
Economy of Lower Austria
Wiener Neustadt
Anthonyite. Anthonyite is a hydrous secondary copper halide mineral with chemical formula of .

It was discovered in 1963 in the Centennial mine, Calumet, Houghton County, Michigan, United States. It was discovered by the University of Arizona mineralogist John W. Anthony (1920–1992), who named it for himself.

Anthonyite is lavender in color, has a Mohs hardness of 2 and crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system.

Anthonyite occurs as an alteration of native copper in basalt in fractures and cavities by circulation of chloride rich groundwater or connate fluids. The similar orthorhombic mineral calumetite occurs by the same process. It occurs associated with tremolite, quartz, epidote, monazite, native copper, cuprite and paratacamite in the Centennial mine area. It also occurs in the Cole mine, at Bisbee, Cochise County, Arizona; and Villa Hermosa, Sonora, Mexico. It occurs as a slag mineral in Richelsdorf, Hesse, Germany and Laurium, Greece.

References

Copper(II) minerals
Chloride minerals
Monoclinic minerals
Minerals described in 1963
Dimer acid. Dimer acids, or dimerized fatty acids, are dicarboxylic acids prepared by dimerizing unsaturated fatty acids obtained from tall oil, usually on clay catalysts. The CAS number of the material is [61788-89-4]. Dimer acids are used primarily for synthesis of polyamide resins and polyamide hot melt adhesives. They are also used in alkyd resins, adhesives, surfactants, as fuel oil additives, lubricants, etc. It is a light yellow or yellow viscous transparent liquid.

Dimer acid usually contains predominantly a dimer of oleic acid. It is also called C36 dimer acid.

Trimer acid is a corresponding material where the resulting molecule consists of three fatty acid molecules. Its CAS number is [68937-90-6].

Dimer acids can be converted to dimer amines by reaction with ammonia and subsequent reduction.

Production 
Dimer fatty acids are produced from different fatty acids by heating. Necessary are a fatty acid with conjugated double bonds or other unsaturated fatty acids. Examples of such fatty acids are conjugated linoleic acids. The reaction is carried out via Diels-Alder addition, whereby a partially unsaturated C6 ring is formed. Besides the dimer, trimers as well as (unreacted) monomers of the fatty acids may be present in the mixture.

References

Fatty acids
Dicarboxylic acids
Monomers
Pegasus PAL 95. The Pegasus PAL 95 is a twin cylinder, horizontally opposed aircraft engine that was developed by Pegasus Aviation (NZ) Ltd of New Zealand for use in ultralight aircraft. The engine is no longer available.

Development
Designed to fill a similar market segment as the similar configuration and output HKS 700E, the PAL 95 produces  at 5200 rpm.

The PAL 95 has a computer-controlled engine management system that controls both the fuel injection system and the ignition timing, giving automatic altitude-compensated mixture control. The pistons are forged and ceramic coated. The intake valves are made from nickel-steel and the exhaust valves from stainless steel. The engine was supplied with an electric starter and an exhaust system by the factory as standard equipment.

Speed reduction is via a standard twin cog-belt system, with harmonic dampening on the crankshaft pulley. The initial TBO was estimated by the manufacturer as 1500 hours.

Specifications (PAL 95)

See also

References

1990s aircraft piston engines
MS 2000. MS 2000 or variation, may refer to:

 Korg MS2000, music synthesizer
 General Motors MS2000, an automotive platform, variant of the GM W platform
 MOSAID MS2000, a computer memory tester

See also

 Microsoft Windows Me (Millennium Edition), aka MS 2000; an operating system
 Microsoft Windows 2000, aka MS 2000; an operating system
 Microsoft Office 2000, aka MS 2000; an office productivity software package
 
 
 MS2 (disambiguation)
 MS20 (disambiguation)
 MS-200 (disambiguation)
 2000 (disambiguation)
 MS (disambiguation)
Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering and Technology. Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of Engineering and Technology is a private engineering college established in 1997 in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. GRIET is ranked by NIRF at 149th Place in 2022.

See also 
Education in India
Literacy in India
List of institutions of higher education in Telangana

References

External links
Official website

Engineering colleges in Hyderabad, India
1997 establishments in Andhra Pradesh
Educational institutions established in 1997
Engineering colleges in Telangana
Winson (cyclecar). The Winson was a short lived British cyclecar manufactured by J Winn in Rochdale, Lancashire in 1920 only.

The car could be ordered with an engine made by either Precision or Blackburne with a tax rating of 8 hp. Gearing was provided by a variable friction disk and then by single chain to the rear wheels.

See also
 List of car manufacturers of the United Kingdom

References 

Cyclecars
Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of England
Companies based in Rochdale
Mark Eberhart. Mark Evan Eberhart is an author and a professor of chemistry and geochemistry at the Colorado School of Mines.

Education and career
Eberhart holds a BS in chemistry and in applied mathematics from the University of Colorado,  an MS in physical biochemistry from the University of Colorado, and a PhD in materials science and engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, supervised by Keith H. Johnson and earned in 1983. He became a scientist in the Materials Science and Technology Division of the Los Alamos National Laboratory before moving to the Colorado School of Mines in 1992. At the School of Mines, he has been president of the faculty senate; he has also been a Jefferson Science Fellow.

Books
Eberhart has published two books: Why Things Break: Understanding the World By the Way It Comes Apart (Random House, 2003), an autobiographical book describing his education and his studies of stress and fracture and Feeding the Fire: The Lost History and Uncertain Future of Mankind's Energy Addiction (Random House, 2007).

References 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
21st-century American chemists
American educators
American male writers
University of Colorado Boulder alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Los Alamos National Laboratory personnel
Colorado School of Mines faculty
Jefferson Science Fellows
Bionic (disambiguation). Bionics is the application of biological methods and systems to engineering systems and technology.

Bionic(s) may also refer to:

Technology

Medical
 Bionic contact lens, being developed to provide a virtual display
 Visual prosthesis, often referred to as a bionic eye, an experimental device intended to restore functional vision
 Cochlear implant, often referred to as a bionic ear, provides a sense of sound to a person who is profoundly deaf or severely hard of hearing

Other technology
 Bionic (software), a standard C library developed for the Android embedded system
 Droid Bionic, a cell phone running the Android operating system
 Mercedes-Benz Bionic, a concept car first introduced in 2005
 name used in Apple silicon models (A11 to A16)
 code name of Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic Beaver) OS

Film and television
 Bionics, a fictionalized cybernetic augmentation science in a television franchise based on the 1972 novel Cyborg by Martin Caidin:
 The Six Million Dollar Man, a 1973 television series starring Lee Majors
 The Bionic Woman, a 1976 series starring Lindsay Wagner 
 The Return of the Six Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman, a 1987 television movie
 Bionic Showdown: The Six Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman, a 1989 television movie
 Bionic Ever After?, a 1994 television movie
 Bionic Woman (2007 TV series), a reboot of the 1976 series

Music
 Bionic (Christina Aguilera album)
 "Bionic" (Christina Aguilera song)
 Bionic (Sandbox album)
 "Bionic" (King Adora song)

Architecture
 Bionic architecture, a design movement
 Bionic Tower, an imagined vertical city

See also