omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
NER 398 Class. The NER 398 Class was a class of 0-6-0 freight steam locomotive of the North Eastern Railway, designed by Edward Fletcher. in 1872.	 A total of 326 locomotives-of the class were built for the NER.

History
Following the success of his NER 398 Class, Fletcher realised that the outside sandwich frames used on this class were unnecessary. He therefore designed a version of this class with inside frames, although the sandwich frames were retained on the tenders. The first batch of thirty of these were constructed by Robert Stephenson and Company of Newcastle between April 1872 and June 1873 at a time when the final examples of the 398 class on order were still under construction. The class quickly proved its worth and became the standard freight locomotive on the NER. Further batches were built by R and W Hawthorn; Neilson and Company; Sharp, Stewart and Company; Dübs and Company; NER Gateshead railway works over the next decade. Different batches had minor detail differences in the cab styling and other equipment All were later classified by Wilson Worsdell as the ‘398 class’.  As built they were fitted with handbrakes only but most were later fitted with steam brake or Westinghouse Air Brakes. Likewise stronger Worsdell boilers were fitted to the class during the 1880s following a number of boiler explosions.
During the 1880s and 1890s more than half of the class were rebuilt, in different ways. Some were fitted with larger  diameter boilers and operated at  pressure. A few were fitted with  driving wheels. The class continued to be used until withdrawal began in 1903. There were 86 examples still in service at the formation of the London and North Eastern Railway in 1923, with the last examples surviving until 1928.

Accidents and incidents
Three locomotives from the class suffered from boiler explosions. No. 787 in November 1878, No. 941 November 1880 and No. 204 in October 1881. All three locomotives were subsequently repaired and returned to service.

References

Sources
 
 
 

0398
0-6-0 locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1870
C n2 locomotives
Robert Stephenson and Company locomotives
Hawthorn locomotives
Neilson locomotives
Sharp Stewart locomotives
Dübs locomotives
Freight locomotives
Mars Guy Fontana. Mars Guy Fontana was a corrosion engineer, professor  of Metallurgical Engineering at Ohio State University.  He was born April 6, 1910, in Iron Mountain, Michigan, and died February 29, 1988.

Education and other work
Mars Guy Fontana graduated with a Bachelor of Science followed by a Master of Science and then awarded a Doctor of Philosophy in the field of metallurgical engineering from the University of Michigan. He was known as a researcher/engineer who added to the field of knowledge in the fairly specialized area of corrosion and its various applications in engineering – corrosion engineering. As well as writing numerous papers he wrote the textbook Corrosion Engineering which was first published in 1967 ;  there have been a number of updated editions since then. This book has been used as the primary textbook and recommended reading for at least one highly ranked University masters degree  course. In his lifetime he wrote many papers in various scientific and engineering journals/periodicals. He also authored Corrosion: A Compilation.

In the late 1940s, he was given the chair in the Corrosion Center at Ohio State University. At the time it was the largest university corrosion research department in the United States. He combined the disciplines of engineering design, Material Science and Corrosion so they could be viewed together.

His contribution at the university was of such significance that he has a building named after him, the  Fontana Laboratories. He also has a professorship named after him.

See also 
 Herbert H. Uhlig
 Ulick Richardson Evans
 Melvin Romanoff
 Michael Faraday
 Marcel Pourbaix

References

External links 
 Ohio State University website
 AIME Website

1910 births
1988 deaths
Corrosion
University of Michigan College of Engineering alumni
Metallurgy
Werner Jacobi. Werner Jacobi (31 March 1904 – probably 3 May 1985) was a German physicist and inventor.

Life and work 

Jacobi studied mechanical engineering at the Technical University of Munich and then physics at the University of Munich. In his dissertation, initially supervised by Wilhelm Wien and after Wien's death by Eduard Rüchardt, he dealt with the charges of the mercury atoms in the canal jet (German: Ladungen der Quecksilberatome im Kanalstrahl). With this work he was awarded a Doctorate of Philosophy.

On November 4, 1929, Jacobi joined Siemens & Halske AG. He worked at the Siemens tube factory in Berlin, where he became head of the laboratory in 1934 and quickly rose further, becoming chief engineer in 1937 and authorized representative in 1938. Shortly after his appointment to the authorized signatory in 1941, he was transferred to the Wernerwerk für Funktechnik in Vienna, where he became department director in 1944. In 1949, he briefly worked in the Wernerwerk für Radiotechnik, then went to the Wernerwerk in Erlangen. One of the most important of his more than 100 inventions, the "semiconductor amplifier", which he registered for a patent on April 15, 1949, was invented during this period. This circuit, consisting of five transistors on a semiconductor serving as a carrier material, may be the first integrated circuit designated. However, it remained largely unknown and was not used commercially.

From 1946 to 1956 Jacobi played a key role in setting up the Siemens tube factories and then became the overall manager of the tube works. After he was appointed general representative in 1962, he retired in 1969. Up until his 68th birthday, he was available to the management of the building elements division for questions, then he left the company entirely.

The Technical University of Vienna awarded him the title of honorary doctorate of the technical sciences “in recognition of his special achievements as a scientist and inventor in the field of electronic components and of electronic circuit technology."

The British electronics engineer Geoffrey Dummer is also often referred to as the inventor of the IC, although he only published his work three years after the Siemens patent application was filed.

Sources 

Werner Jacobis personnel index card in the Siemens archive
Beitrag zur Verleihung der Ehrendoktorwürde. In: Informationen der Technischen Hochschule Wien. Jahrgang 3, 1972, Heft 2, S. 27 (mit Porträtfoto).

References 

1904 births
1985 deaths
German physicists
20th-century German inventors
People from Fulda
Technical University of Munich alumni
Desimir Jevtić. Desimir Jevtić (; 16 December 1938 – 13 October 2017) was a Yugoslav and Serbian mechanical engineer, university professor, and politician who served as prime minister of Serbia from 1986 to 1989.

Biography 
Jevtić was born on 16 December 1938 in Oparić, which at the time was a part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. He graduated in 1962 at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Belgrade, while he completed his postgraduate studies in 1978 and earned his PhD in the field of technical sciences.

From 1978 to 1981 he was a professor at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering branch in Kraljevo and from 1981 to 1986 he was a director of the state owned enterprise called "14th October" in Kruševac.

From 6 May 1986 to 5 December 1989 he served as the president of the executive council of the Assembly of SR Serbia, and in 1990 he was named the Ambassador of Yugoslavia to Romania.

He died on 13 October 2017 in Belgrade at the age of 78.

Scientific work and recognitions 
He is the author of the books, multiple scientific works published in Yugoslavia and abroad. Jevtić spoke Russian, English and Romanian.

He is an honorary doctor of science at the University of Bucharest and a holder of the Order of Labor with a silver wreath and other Yugoslav decorations.

Jevtić was also engaged in painting and sculpture and had 12 solo exhibitions in the country and abroad.

References 

People from Oparić
1938 births
2017 deaths
League of Communists of Yugoslavia politicians
League of Communists of Serbia politicians
Prime ministers of Serbia
20th-century Serbian people
People from Rekovac
Layered materials. In material science, layered materials are solids with highly anisotropic bonding, in which two-dimensional sheets are internally strongly bonded, but only weakly bonded to adjacent layers.  Owing to their distinctive structures, layered materials are often suitable for intercalation reactions. 

One large family of layered materials are metal dichalcogenides. In such materials, the M-chalcogen bonding is strong and covalent. These materials exhibit anisotropic electronic properties such as thermal and electrical conductivity.

Exfoliation
Because the layers bond to each other by relatively weak van der Waals forces, some layered materials are amenable to exfoliation, the complete separation of the layers of the material. Exfoliation can be done using sonication, mechanical, hydrothermal, electrochemical, laser-assisted, and microwave-assisted methods.

Typically aggressive conditions are required involving highly polar solvents and reagents. In the ideal case, exfoliation affords single-layer materials, such as graphene.

Examples
metal dichalcogenides such as tantalum disulfide, titanium disulfide, and vanadium disulfide.
graphite
iron oxychloride
layered double hydroxides, ionic solids where intercalated anions are exchangeable.
Transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers

References
Harriet Coverston. Harriet Coverston is an American computer scientist and software developer focused on large-scale secondary storage environments, who has previously participated to various kernel developments in HPC systems. Harriet is an expert in large scale archiving systems, having participated to several large projects and product developments.

Career 
She started her career at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in 1967 working on CDC 7600 Livermore Timesharing System   within a team of 5 people. She stayed until 1974 and then moved to Control Data Corporation for 12 years to collaborate on the Cyber 205 Operating System and CDCNET.

In January 1986, she co-founded LSC (Large Scale Configurations) where she was vice-president of technology more than 15 years. LSC was a ISV developing SAM-QFS and QFS, two software dedicated to manage cold and archived data. QFS is a high performance file system and SAM is advanced storage management.

In 2001, Sun Microsystems acquired LSC and Harriet Coverston became distinguished engineer at Sun, a position she occupied until 2010. Oracle  closed the acquisition of Sun early 2010.

She co-founded Versity in March 2011 with Bruce Gilpin and acts as its CTO since its inception. Versity is a storage ISV developer of archiving software.   The company developed ScoutFS, a clustered disk file system, coupled with its archiving manager companion ScoutAM and the team also has added a S3 gateway.

In August 2024, she received the SuperWomen of FMS Leadership Award at the annual Future of Memory and Storage conference in Santa Clara, CA, for all her contributions during her long active career in data archiving domain.

Education 
Harriet Coverston received a BA in Mathematics from Florida State University.

Patents 
Harriet participates and co-owns 15 patents:
 File archiving system and method 
 Delegation in a file system with distributed components 
 File system with distributed components 
 Method and system for collective file access using an mmap (memory-mapped file)  
 Dynamic routing of I/O requests in a multi-tier storage environment 
 Dynamic data migration in a multi-tier storage system 
 File archiving system and method 
 Delegation in a file system with distributed components 
 File system with distributed components 
 Method, system, and program for providing data to an application program from a file in a file system 
 Method, system, and program for managing files in a file system 
 Archiving file system for data servers in a distributed network environment 
 Method and apparatus for insuring recovery of file control information for secondary storage systems 
 Method and apparatus for file storage allocation for secondary storage using large and small file blocks

References 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American computer scientists
American women computer scientists
Control Data Corporation
Florida State University alumni
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory staff
Sun Microsystems people
Frederick Bailey (forester). Frederick Bailey FRSE FRSGS (11 July 1840 – 21 December 1912) was a British Army officer serving in the Royal Engineers who headed the Indian Imperial Forestry Service, in charge of overseeing the cultivation and export of timber to the British Empire.

Life

He was born around 1842 the son of Catherine Irvine and her husband, Charles Bailey (1803-1865), the son of Charles Bailey, twice Mayor of Bedford.

He was commissioned into the Royal Engineers in 1859. In 1871 he joined the Indian Forest Service and became Head of this service and Inspector General of Forests in India, succeeding Hugh Cleghorn in this task. In this service he was based in Lahore. In 1878 he established the First Indian Forestry School at Dehra Dun and served as its first director. In 1890 he returned to UK and lectured on a newly created course on Forestry at the University of Edinburgh from 1890 to 1907.

In 1894 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were James Geikie, Alexander Crum Brown, Sir William Turner and Peter Guthrie Tait

From 1895, until his death, he lived at 7 Drummond Place in the New Town of Edinburgh.

He and his wife visited his son in Tibet around 1902.

He died on 21 December 1912.

Family
He married Florence Agnes Marshman (b.1847) in Simla in 1879 and they were parents of Frederick Marshman Bailey.

References
 

1912 deaths
Royal Engineers officers
British foresters
Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
Academics of the University of Edinburgh
EV Valley. EV Valley () is an electric vehicle themed city and tourist attraction built by the Chinese low-speed electric vehicle company GreenWheel EV.

History

EV Valley's design was first shown at the International New Energy Auto Show of Hong Kong in 2015. It was planned to create an all-electric miniature city that would house entertainment and GreenWheel EV's production plant. The city was finished in 2017, and was the company's main production center.

Buildings

See also
GreenWheel EV

References

Hotels in China
Amusement parks in China
Motor vehicle assembly plants in China
ABL Space Systems. ABL Space Systems is an American aerospace and launch service provider, based in El Segundo, California, that manufactures deployable launch vehicles and infrastructure for  missile defense, formerly for sending commercial small satellites into orbit. The company manufactures its components in the United States.

ABL Space Systems manufactures the RS1, a two-stage expendable launch vehicle, and GS0, a deployable launch pad.

History 
ABL Space Systems was founded in 2017 by Harry O'Hanley and Dan Piemont, former SpaceX and Morgan Stanley employees. Their RS-1 rocket has two stages. It offers a maximum capacity of  to low Earth orbit (LEO).

In 2018, ABL Space Systems signed a lease with Camden County, Georgia, for future operations in Spaceport Camden.

In 2019, the company signed with Spaceport America in New Mexico to locate some ABL testing operations and facilities there. As of October 2022, the company makes no mention of this location on their facility list.

In 2021 ABL leased facilities at the Port of Long Beach formerly occupied by Sea Launch.

In 2023, ABL was working on a larger rocket to compete for National Security Space Launch contracts.

In 2024 ABL had raised more than $500 million for the development and operation of their rocket. The sum was made up from both venture funding and from secured launch contracts with major clients.

In November 2024, after a string of failures ABL announced it was exiting the commercial space orbital launch market, and announced a pivot towards military applications, potentially leveraging their previous launch vehicles and engines to be used in missile defense technologies. ABL has also closed down their El Segundo office and Mojave Test site, relocating entirely to Long Beach facility.

See also

References

External links 
 
 RS-1 rocket details
 launch system details 

Private spaceflight companies
Commercial launch service providers
Rocket engine manufacturers of the United States
Aerospace companies of the United States
Companies based in El Segundo, California
Aerospace technologies
Rocket engines
Harichand Megha Dalaya. Harichand Megha Dalaya (22 October 1921 – 14 September 2004) was the inventor of the first spray-dryer for buffalo milk in the world. His invention revolutionized India's dairy farming industry (Operation Flood) and laid the foundation for Amul cooperative's immense success.

Early life and education 
H. M. Dalaya was born on 22 October 1921 in Karachi in Colonial India. His parents originated from Mathura and were successful dairy farmers.

In 1944, he graduated from the Pune Agriculture Engineering College, Pune. In 1948, he acquired a master's degree in Dairy Technology from Michigan State University, Michigan. In 1950 he completed the Advanced Business Management Program from the Harvard Business School in Boston.

After his studies, H. M. Dalaya returned to a newly independent India. The partition had caused the loss of his family's land in Karachi, which was now part of Pakistan. Discouraged and with little hope for the future, he contemplated returning to the United States to begin afresh.

Turning point 
His friend Verghese Kurien, convinced him to visit Amul "for a week or so, to see how he liked it". Amul became his life's calling and H. M. Dalaya stayed on until his retirement.

Buffalo milk was abundant in the Kheda district but the possibility of transporting it to bigger markets was limited due to technological constraints. To expand, the Kaira Co-operative Milk Producers Union (Amul) had to envision converting this surplus milk into powder. In its powdered form, the milk could be transported over longer distances to bigger markets and milk deprived regions

At the time however, the technology of spray-drying buffalo milk did not yet exist. Only cow's milk was being converted. The collective consensus of dairy experts worldwide was that buffalo milk could not be spray-dried due to its high fat content. H. M. Dalaya believed otherwise and was determined to prove so.

Technological breakthrough 
In 1955, his keen technological knowledge and engineering capabilities resulted in the installation of the patented Spray Dry Equipment, the world's first buffalo milk spray-dryer, at Amul Dairy in Gujrat.

H. M. Dalaya was the silent force behind the success of Amul. While Tribhuvandas Kishibai Patel is regarded as its "father" and Verghese Kurien as its "son", H. M. Dalaya is considered its "holy ghost" whose contribution changed the future of Indian dairy farming.

References 

1921 births
2004 deaths
20th-century Indian businesspeople
20th-century Indian engineers
Indian cooperative organizers
Cooperatives in India
People from Anand district
Engineers from Karachi
Indian mechanical engineers
Indian social entrepreneurs
Michigan State University alumni
History of agriculture in India
Dairy farming in India
Indian expatriates in the United States
Mukhtar Atiku Kurawa. Mukhtar Atiku Kurawa is a professor of Inorganic Chemistry, Nigerian academic, administrator, and the former Rector of Kano State Polytechnic, the 3rd substantive Vice Chancellor of Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano.

Early life and education 
Kurawa was born on 28 August 1970, at Kurawa quarters, of Kano municipal Local Government Area, of Kano State. He attended Yolawa Islamiyya Primary School, Kano between 1976 and 1981, he also attended Government Secondary School, Rano and Government Secondary School Kofar Nassarawa between 1981 and 1983. Kurawa also attended Science Secondary School Dawakin Tofa between 1983 and 1986, obtained Bachelor of Science in Chemistry and Master of Science in Inorganic Chemistry from Bayero University Kano 1991 and 1999 respectively. Kurawa also obtained a Doctor of Philosophy in Inorganic Chemistry at the University of Bristol, United Kingdom in 2005.

Career
Kurawa was the Lecturer under faculty of Science of Bayero University Kano, Department of Chemistry where he held so many responsibilities from committees member, Level Coordinator, up to Head of Chemistry Department in 2011 and became the Dean, Faculty of Science in 2015 and also promoted to the rank of professor of Inorganic Chemistry in the same year.

Kurawa was appointed Rector of Kano State Polytechnic in 2016 by Kano State Governor Abdullahi Umar Ganduje where he served for four years and he was appointed the 3rd substantive Vice-Chancellor of Yusuf Maitama Sule University, Kano on 2 October 2020 by the Governing Board of the University where he assumed office on the 22nd October 2020. Kurawa was also a member of the tenth (10th) Governing Board of the Joint Admissions and Matriculation Board (JAMB).

Kurawa had a lot of publications within and outside the Nigeria.

References

1970 births
Living people
Alumni of the University of Bristol
Bayero University Kano alumni
Academic staff of Bayero University Kano
Vice-chancellors of Nigerian universities
Mouse jiggler. A mouse jiggler is a software used to simulate the movement of a computer mouse. It can also be a mechanical device moving the physical computer mouse. In all cases, it prevents sleep mode, standby mode or the screensaver from activating. Mouse jigglers are also known as mouse movers.

Software driven mouse movers install a program on the user's machine that also moves the mouse cursor across the screen.

The demand for mouse jigglers is being driven by employers or line managers  indirectly monitoring their employees who are remote workers as part of the productivity theater.

See also
 Mouse shuffle

References 

Computing input devices
Business software
Nikolai Avdakov. Nikolai Stepanovich Avdakov (16 (28) February, 1847 - 11 (24) September, 1915) was an ethnic Armenian engineer, industrialist and capitalist active in Russian Empire. From 1906 he was strongly associated with the Association of Industry and Trade until his death in 1915.

His business interests included playing a founding role of , being chairman of  and commercial director of the Société Générale's subsidiary Rutchenko Coal Company. He was a member of  the State Council, which was established as the upper legislative chamber in 1906. Shortly before his death in 1915 he was briefly chairman of the Central War Industry Committee.

References

Industrialists from the Russian Empire
Engineers from the Russian Empire
Members of the State Council (Russian Empire)
1847 births
1915 deaths
People from the Russian Empire of Armenian descent