omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
National Barrier Asset. The National Barrier Asset is a modular fence system established in 2004 by the British government to provide UK police forces with a capability to deploy temporary specialist protective security barriers to protect high profile locations or temporary events, such as political party conferences, from vehicle borne suicide attacks.

The fence is about  high. It is designed to meet the British government's PAS 68 specifications and therefore is able to withstand an impact from a 7.5-tonne vehicle travelling at . It is managed and stored in an undisclosed location on behalf of the Home Office by Sussex Police, and is capable of being deployed in central London within three to four hours.

In 2008 the size of the National Barrier Asset was tripled to meet expected demands. It came to prominence for the 2014 NATO Summit, when it was erected around the Celtic Manor in Newport and in parts of Cardiff. In June 2015 it was announced that around 2 miles (4 kilometres) of the asset would be sent to Calais to help prevent illegal immigration to the United Kingdom. In 2017, Police Scotland deployed the asset in Edinburgh ahead of the Fringe festival. The assets have also been deployed regularly in various UK cities as a protective measure at European style Christmas markets, and was deployed in Liverpool to protect publicly accessible locations during the city's hosting of the Eurovision Song Contest

References

Fences
Security
Illegal immigration to the United Kingdom
Government of the United Kingdom
First Robot Olympics. The First Robot Olympics. took place in Glasgow, Scotland on 27–28 September 1990.

The event was run by The Turing Institute at the Sports Centre at the University of Strathclyde. It featured 68 robots from 12 countries and involved over 2,500 visitors over the two-day period.

Background 
During the 1990s the Turing Institute had been involved in a wide range of robotics activities and had developed links with many leading robotics laboratories as a result of both student exchange and a series of collaborative research projects.

The event was conceived and directed by Dr Peter Mowforth, director of the Turing Institute, as an events-based meetup for robot enthusiasts and builders. Although there had been single event competitions and national events for competing robots, this was the first time that such a large, varied and international Robot Competition had taken place.

Many of the robots that came to the event reflected key research themes that were present at the time. For example, the two-wheeled balancing 'torch carrying' (pre-Segway) robot that opened the event was associated with the institute's work on using machine learning applied to the inverted pendulum

Strathclyde University was an academic associate of and adjacent to the Turing Institute. The university made their sports hall complex available for the two-day event.

Events and results

National medals table

Disqualifications 

Four judges supervised the events to ensure 'fair play'. They were:
 •  Professor Frank Nage, University of Salford
 •  Professor Ruzena Bajcsy, University of Pennsylvania
 •  Eddie Grant (IEEE Representative, University of Strathclyde)
 •  Professor Hans P. Moravec, Carnegie Mellon University

Special awards

Several organisions provided special awards for different categories of competition.

IEEE Robotics & Automation Society Young Roboticist Award Brian Carr (School pupil), St Patricks High School, Coatbridge, Scotland. Awarded £25 book token.

NatWest Bank Prize for Technology Transfer Olaf Beck, Prof. Rodney Brookes & Colin Angle, Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT, AI Lab, USA Awarded with a Caithness Crystal bowl and £200 from NatWest Bank.

'Turing Institute Best School Prize' XYBOT Inverkeithing School, Class 7S, Scotland. Awarded with a cup and a cheque for £100.

'Olympic Champion' YAMABICO from Tsukuba University, Japan. Prize given to Shoji Suzuki. Awarded with a Caithness Glass Trophy.

Photographs

Sponsorship 
As well as being organised by The Turing Institute and hosted by the University of Strathclyde, the event had seven main sponsors:
 NatWest Bank (London)
 IEEE (Robotics & Automation Society)
 Scottish Development Agency
 Stakis Hotels (Glasgow)
 Caithness Glass
 Holiday Inn (Glasgow)
 British Gas (Olympic Torch and Olympic flame)

References 

Robotics in the United Kingdom
University of Strathclyde
1990 in Scotland
1990s in Glasgow
Architect (software). Architect is an open-source integrated development environment (IDE), based on Eclipse. It serves as a multi-purpose workbench for data scientists, by providing support for various programming languages and technologies.

Integrated development environments are software applications that support computer programmers and data scientists in their work. In a single program interface, it provides one or more source code editors, syntax highlighting and functionality for building or executing the code. Within the broad family of IDEs, Architect primarily aims at applications in data science. Originally, it primarily focussed on the (statistical) programming language R. Over time, it has developed towards a more universal platform for modern data science.

Data science workbench 
Through the StatET plugin, Architect provides full support for the R programming language. It supports the use of multiple R consoles in which R code can be executed. It also provides syntax highlighting and an integrated debugger. In addition, it is possible to set up a remote R session on a server using Architect Server.

Architect also provides out of the box support for Git (distributed revision control), LaTeX, Sweave / knitr, C, C++, Java and the Mylyn task management system.

Customization 
An advantage of Eclipse over most other IDEs is that is provides many possibilities for further customization to the needs and wishes of the end user. The long list of available Eclipse plug-ins provide support for virtually any programming language. For example, Architect can be easily extended by adding support for the Python programming language (by using the PyDev plug-in) or for the creation of Docker software containers.

References

Integrated development environments
Acrylophenone. Acrylophenone is an organic compound with the formula C9H8O. It is prepared using acetophenone, formaldehyde, and an amine hydrochloride in a Mannich reaction. It can be polymerized to poly(phenylvinyl ketone) via radical or anionic mechanisms. It is sometimes used as a comonomer in the manufacturing of certain resins.

References

Aromatic ketones
Monomers
Phenyl compounds
Enones
Verner JCV 360. The Verner JCV 360 is a Czech aircraft engine, designed and built by Verner Motor of Šumperk for use in ultralight aircraft.

Design and development
The engine is a twin cylinder, , horizontally-opposed four-stroke, liquid-cooled, gasoline engine design, with a poly V belt reduction drive with reduction ratio of 2.76:1. It employs a single electronic ignition and produces  at 7800 rpm.

The engine was still advertised for sale on the company website in 2013, but by 2015 was no longer listed as available and it is likely that production has ended.

Applications
Airsport Song
North Wing Maverick
Spacek SD-1 Minisport
TechProAviation Merlin 100

Specifications (JCV 360)

See also

References

External links
Photo of the JCV 360

Verner aircraft engines
1990s aircraft piston engines
Boxer engines
Mary K. Vernon. Mary Katherine Vernon (born 1953) is an American computer scientist who works as a professor of computer science and industrial engineering at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. Her research concerns high-performance computer architecture and streaming media.

Vernon graduated from the University of California, Los Angeles in 1975 with a B.S. in chemistry, and earned her Ph.D. in computer science from UCLA in 1983 under the supervision of Gerald Estrin. She was named a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery in 1996 "for fundamental contributions to performance analysis of parallel computer architectures and for leadership in the computing research community." In 2019, she won the ACM SIGMETRICS Achievement award for "contributions to analytic performance modeling techniques and to analytic design of a wide range of impactful computer and communication system architectures."

Selected publications
.
.
.
.

References

1953 births
Living people
American computer scientists
American women computer scientists
American industrial engineers
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
University of Wisconsin–Madison faculty
American women academics
Phase inversion (chemistry). Phase inversion or phase separation is a chemical phenomenon exploited in the fabrication of artificial membranes. It is performed by removing the solvent from a liquid-polymer solution, leaving a porous, solid membrane.

Process
Phase inversion is a common method to form filtration membranes, which are typically formed using artificial polymers. The method of phase inversion is highly dependent on the type of polymer used and the solvent used to dissolve the polymer.

Phase inversion can be carried out through one of four typical methods:
Reducing the temperature of the solution
Immersing the polymer solution into anti-solvent
Exposing the polymer solution to a vapor of anti-solvent
Evaporating the solvent in atmospheric air or at high temperature

The rate at which phase inversion occurs and the characteristics of the resulting membrane are dependent on several factors, including:
Solubility of solvent in the anti-solvent 
Insolubility of the polymer in the anti-solvent
Temperature of the anti-solvent

Characterization
Phase inversion membranes are typically characterized by their mean pore diameter and pore diameter distribution. This can be measured using a number of established analytical techniques such as the analysis of gas adsorption-desorption isotherms, porosimetry, or more niche approaches such as Evapoporometry. A Scanning electron microscope (SEM) can be used to characterize membranes with larger pore sizes, such as microfiltration and ultrafiltration membranes, while Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used for all membrane types, including small pore membranes such as nanofiltration and reverse osmosis, though optical techniques tend to analyze only a small sample area that may not be representative of the sample as a whole.

In emulsions
 In emulsions a phase inversion is when the dispersed phase becomes the dispersion medium and the dispersion medium becomes the dispersed phase, for example when cream becomes butter.

See also
Membrane
List of synthetic polymers
Microfiltration
Ultrafiltration
Nanofiltration
Reverse Osmosis
Hollow fiber membrane

References

Polymer chemistry
Pierangelo Metrangolo. Pierangelo Metrangolo (born 16 April 1972) is an Italian chemist with interests in supramolecular chemistry and functional materials. He also has an interest in crystal engineering, in particular by using the halogen bond. He is Vice-President and President-Elect of the Physical and Biophysical Chemistry Division (DIV. I) of IUPAC.

Education and professional positions
Metrangolo was born in Lecce, Italy. He obtained his PhD in Industrial Chemistry at the University of Milan in 2001 with a thesis on halogen bonding in supramolecular chemistry. He became assistant professor at the Politecnico di Milano in 2002, where he was promoted to associate professor in 2005 and to full professor of chemistry for technologies in 2011. He is also affiliated to the National Research Council of Italy and holds a visiting professorship at the Aalto University (Finland, since 2015) and at the VTT-Technical Research Centre of Finland (since 2011).

Research interests
His research interests have covered the following topics:
 functional supramolecular materials
 fluorinated nanoparticles and theranostics
 biomimetic and biosynthetic hybrid materials
 intermolecular forces and their use in crystal engineering
 nanomedicine

Honors and awards
 ERC Grantee (2012, European Research Council)
 CrystEngComm Sponsored Lectureship at the 42nd IUPAC World Chemistry Congress (2009)
 Young Observer at the 45th IUPAC General Assembly (2009)
 Journals Grant Award for International Authors (2005, Royal Society of Chemistry)
 G. Ciamician Medal (2005, Italian Chemical Society)
 Titular Member of the IUPAC's Division I Physical and Biophysical Chemistry (2016–2017)
 Co-editor of Acta Crystallographica B (International Union of Crystallography) (2014 onwards)
 Member of the Editorial Board of CrystEngComm (Royal Society of Chemistry) (2013 onwards)
 Member of the Editorial Advisory Board of Crystal Growth & Design (American Chemical Society) (2014 onwards)

References

1972 births
Italian chemists
People from Lecce
Living people
Scientists from Milan
Academic staff of the Polytechnic University of Milan
Rhodes Bantam. The Rhodes Bantam is a strict one-design class sailboat designed by Philip Rhodes in 1945. The first boat was launched in 1945 in Skaneateles. More than 1500 have been built. It can be used for day sailing and will comfortably hold 2 adults and 2 children. It is also used for racing, usually with a crew of two. Originally it was built of wood and could be purchased either complete, or as a kit. In the 1960s, when fiberglass gained popularity as a hull material, it became possible to buy either a fiberglass hull kit or a finished boat. The Bantam may be classified as a centreboard dinghy. In addition to the mainsail, it typically has a genoa jib and spinnaker. It uses a centerboard for stability. It has a hard chine line which permits planing when on a beam reach or when sailing downwind with spinnaker.
The class was very popular in the 1950s and 1960s. Active fleets existed in the Finger Lakes Region (e.g. Cuyuga Lake, Skaneateles Lake), Pennsylvania, Ohio, the Midwest and even Florida. The Rhodes Bantam Class Association sponsored a yearly regatta which rotated through the home ports of various fleets.

References

External links 
 Rhodes Bantam photographs
 Rhodes Bantam photographs 

Dinghies
Sailboat type designs by Philip Rhodes
Kyaukphyu Special Economic Zone. Kyaukphyu Special Economic Zone (; abbreviated Kyaukphyu SEZ) is a  Burmese special economic zone being developed on Kyaukphyu, Ramree Island, Rakhine State. Kyaukphyu SEZ was first announced in September 2013. The project initially began as a joint venture between the Chinese and Burmese governments, but has since transitioned to private developers. Kyaukphyu SEZ will be accessible to the Shwe gas field in the Bay of Bengal. The oil and gas terminal was financed by the China National Petroleum Corporation which built two pipelines for natural gas and oil.

The Myanmar press reported on the signing of an agreement between the consortium 26 May 2014 in Naypyitaw, led by CPG Consultants and PM Link, and the Kyauk Phyu Special Economic Zone Management Committee for the development of the master plan and management of the tender process for the Kyauk Phyu Economic Zone (SEZ).

The consortium comprises CPG Consultants Pte Ltd, DTZ Debenham Tie Leung (SEA) Pte Ltd, Ernst & Young Solutions LLP, Global Maritime And Port Services Pte Ltd and PM Link Pte Ltd.

See also
 Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project
 Economy of Burma
 Special economic zone

External links
Official website

References

Special Economic Zones of Myanmar
Economy of Myanmar
Rakhine State
Smart Cities Mission. National Smart Cities Mission is an urban renewal and retrofitting program by the Government of India with the mission to develop smart cities across the country, making them citizen friendly and sustainable. The Union Ministry of Urban Development is responsible for implementing the mission in collaboration with the state governments of the respective cities. The mission was planned to include 100 cities, with the deadline for completion of the projects set between 2019 and 2023. , 7479 out of a total 8058 tendered projects have been completed, utilizing ₹150,002 crores out of the total tendered amount of ₹164,368 crore.

Description
Smart Cities Mission envisions developing areas within selected cities in the country as model areas based on an area development plan, which is expected to have a rub-off effect on other parts of the city and nearby cities and towns. Cities will be selected based on the Smart Cities challenge, where cities will compete in a countrywide competition to obtain the benefits from this mission. It is a five-year program in which financial aid will be given by the central government to the cities. The Ministry of Urban Development used a competition-based method as a means for selecting cities for funding. The state governments were asked to nominate potential cities with the overall count across India limited to 100. A hundred cities have been selected so far to be upgraded as part of the Smart Cities Mission. Each city will create a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) headed by a CEO to implement the projects under mission.

History

The mission was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 25 June 2015. In the 2015 Union budget of India,  was allocated for the smart cities mission. The mission was further allocated  in the 2016,  in 2017,  in 2018,  in 2019,  in 2020 and  in the 2021. The project was extended and was allocated  in the 2023 Union budget of India and a further  in the 2023 Union budget of India. , a total of 7960 projects worth  crore have been tendered.

List of cities
In 2015, 98 cities were nominated for the smart cities challenge, based on a state-level competition. A hundred cities were supposed to be nominated but Jammu and Kashmir and Uttar Pradesh did not use one of their allotted slots. All the participating cities from West Bengal, along with Mumbai and Navi Mumbai from Maharashtra, withdrew their nominations.

Selected cities
On 28 January 2016, a batch of 20 cities known as "lighthouse cities" were selected in the first round of the All India City Challenge competition for which an assistance of  each during the first year followed by  per year during the next three years was announced. 13 cities were added as an extension in May 2016. 27 cities were added in September 2016, 30 in June 2017, nine in January 2018 and one in June 2018.

References

Ministry of Urban Development
Modi administration initiatives
 
Urban planning in India
Indian missions
HSMG. HSMG (High Strength Metallurgical Graphene) is polycrystalline graphene, grown from a liquid phase.

This process, in comparison to other methods based on using solid substrates, allows to manufacture defect-free graphene structures. HSMG is formed on a perfectly flat surface - liquid metal. While growing graphene on solid substrates is difficult due to surface irregularities and defects. Growing graphene on a liquid metal matrix enables the rotation of graphene grains, resulting in forming a continuous graphene sheet. Because of that, the grain disorientation angle is close to zero. Large-area graphene sheets formed with this method have high mechanical durability, close to graphene's theoretical values. This production method has been developed and patented by a team of scientists from the Institute of Materials Science of Lodz University of Technology, under the direction of Piotr Kula. HSMG graphene's commercialisation and applications are being handled by a spin-off institution - Advanced Graphene Products sp. z o.o.

References

Graphene
Stratus EA 81. The Stratus EA 81 is an American aircraft engine, produced by Stratus 2000 of Corvallis, Oregon, for use in homebuilt aircraft.

Design and development
The engine is based on the Subaru EA 81 automotive engine. It is a four-cylinder, four-stroke, , liquid-cooled, gasoline engine design with a belt-type reduction drive with a reduction ratio of 2.2:1. It employs electronic ignition and produces  at 5400 rpm.

The company seems to have gone out of business in 2008, and production ended.

Applications
Airdale Backcountry
Cessna 150
Zenith CH 601

Specifications (EA 81)

See also

References

Stratus aircraft engines
1990s aircraft piston engines
Stratus EJ 22. The Stratus EJ 22 is an American aircraft engine, produced by Stratus 2000 of Corvallis, Oregon for use in homebuilt aircraft.

Design and development
The engine is based upon the Subaru EJ 22 automotive engine. It is a four-cylinder four-stroke, , liquid-cooled, gasoline engine design, with a belt-type reduction drive with a reduction ratio of 2.2:1. It employs electronic ignition and produces  at 5900 rpm.

The company seems to have gone out of business about 2008 and production ended.

Specifications (EJ 22)

See also

References

Stratus aircraft engines
1990s aircraft piston engines
XFdtd. XFdtd is electromagnetic simulation software with a very wide variety of applications in RF circuit, antenna, military/defense, medical EM, photonics, radar, component, metamaterial, and related fields.  It originally stood for X (Window System) Finite Difference Time Domain and was first developed in the mid 1990s by Remcom Incorporated of State College, PA in the United States.  XFdtd includes full wave (FDTD), electrostatic, thermal-biological, circuit, and 2D Eigen solver and integrates with PO/MEC, and GTD/UTD method solvers.

See also
Computational electromagnetics

References

 3D Electromagnetic Simulation vs. Planar MoM Ich 

Electronic design automation software
Electromagnetic simulation software
Irganox 1098. Irganox 1098 is the trade name for N,N′-(hexane-1,6-diyl)bis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanamide], a primary antioxidant manufactured by BASF primarily used for stabilizing polymers, especially polyamides. It is noted for its thermal stability as well as its non-discoloring properties.

See also
Pentaerythritol tetrakis(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyhydrocinnamate)

References

Phenol antioxidants
GSSS Institute of Engineering & Technology for Women. Geetha Shishu Shikshana Sangha Institute of Engineering & Technology for Women (GSSS Mysore) is an engineering institute for women located in Mysuru, Karnataka, India. It is affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University and approved by AICTE.

References

External links 
 Official website

Women's engineering colleges in India
Women's universities and colleges in Karnataka
Engineering colleges in Mysore