omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Sala N1. The Sala N1 or N1 Sala was a single-seat, span competition glider built in Italy in 1933. Only one was constructed.

Development

The N1 Sala was designed by Guglielmo Negri and built by Fratelli Sala, whose main occupation was the production of wooden propellers for the military.  It was a high-wing monoplane, its two part,  two spar wing supported centrally on a fuselage pedestal and braced on each side with a pair of parallel wooden faired struts from the spars at about 20% span to the lower fuselage. It was mounted without dihedral and in plan had a rectangular centre section out to about quarter span inboard of long, strongly straight tapered, round tipped outer panels with trailing edges almost entirely filled by the ailerons.  The high aspect ratio (21:1) wing was completely fabric covered.

The Sala had a plywood covered, ovoid section fuselage with an open cockpit immediately ahead of the wing pedestal.  The cockpit lacked a windscreen but was well instrumented for a glider of the day, with air speed indicator, altimeter, turn and bank indicator and variometer.  The fuselage tapered rearwards to the tail where the tailplane, with a straight, swept leading edge and carrying elliptically shaped, aerodynamically balanced elevators, was mounted on top.  The fin was no more than a mounting for the tall, curved, balanced rudder, which extended down to the keel and moved in an elevator cut-out.  The standard glider ash skid, running from just aft of the nose to below the wing trailing edge and with a single rubber shock absorber served as an undercarriage, assisted by a very small tail skid.

Some authors have suggested the N1 dates from 1937 but reconstructed pre-war Italian civil registers have a May 1933 registration date for I-ABEY, the sole example, based at Milan-Taliedo.

Specifications

References

1930s Italian sailplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1933
Regasification. Regasification is a process of converting liquefied natural gas (LNG) at −162 °C (−260 °F) temperature back to natural gas at atmospheric temperature. LNG gasification plants can be located on land as well as on floating barges, i.e. a Floating Storage and Regasification Unit (FSRU). Floating barge mounted plants have the advantage that they can be towed to new offshore locations for better usage in response to changes in the business environment. In a conventional regasification plant, LNG is heated by sea water to convert it to natural gas / methane gas.

Byproducts
In addition to regasification, many valuable industrial byproducts can be produced using cold energy of LNG. Cold energy of LNG utilisation, for extracting liquid oxygen and nitrogen gas from air, makes LNG-regasification plants more viable when they are located near integrated steel plants and/or urea plants. Cold energy of LNG usage in lieu of massive and energy intensive cryogenic refrigeration units in natural-gas processing plants is also more viable economically. The natural gas processed with cold energy of LNG and the imported LNG can be readily injected into a conventional natural gas distribution system to reach the ultimate consumers.

The cold energy of LNG can be used for cooling the exhaust fluid of the gas turbine which is working in closed joule cycle with Argon gas as fluid. Thus near 100% conversion efficiency to electricity is achieved for the LNG/natural gas consumed by the gas turbine as its exhaust heat is fully used/absorbed for the gasification of LNG.

However, the abundant availability of natural gas, and the mature technology and its acceptability in using the LNG directly (without regasification) in road and rail vehicles would lead to lesser demand for LNG regasification plants.

See also
Gas-to-liquids
Existing regasification terminals
Liquid air
CNG carrier
Cryogenic energy storage

References

External links
Dynamic depressurisation calculations LNG regasification unit
Global LNG Regasification Markets

Liquefied natural gas
Fuel gas
Petroleum industry
Clean Production Agreement. The Clean Production Agreement (CPA)  is a Chilean environmental soft instrument that seeks to implement the cleaner production using productive promotion. Since 2012 the CPA are a recognized NAMA

In Chile, the promotion of cleaner production is promoted and coordinated by the National Council for Clean Production (NCCP), an institution under the Ministry of Economy. One of the goals of NCCP for 2020 is to contribute to reducing greenhouse gases through its main management instrument, the Clean Production Agreement (CPA).  This voluntary agreement is negotiated and signed by the representative of the industrial organization on behalf of the companies in a particular productive sector and a public administration sector.

The agreement is intended to implement clean production through goals and actions within a specified period. This instrument is backed by specific national legislation (DS No. 20416/2010 ), and by the National Standards Institute, which has developed a set of rules (NCh2796‐Of2003, NCh2797‐Of2009, NCh2807‐Of2009, NCh2825‐Of2009) in order to create the framework for its creation, implementation and certification.

A CPA is a standard that sets goals and specific actions to be implemented by a productive sector, mainly based on the best available techniques in the market.

This instrument is funded by the government of Chile, which will financing about 70% of the costs covering the sustainability 
diagnosis of the sector, internal audits, technical assistance, training, certification, impact study and overall coordination of 
the CPA. The remaining 30% is funded by the sector, specifically the private companies who sign the CPAs.

Nevertheless, the funding granted by the NCCP does not provide support for the purchase and acquisition of technology.

References

External links
 Official site of the Chilean National Council for Clean Production
 NAMA Official site

Environment of Chile
Horrocks loom. William Horrocks, a cotton manufacturer of Stockport built an early power loom in 1803, based on the principles of Cartwright but including some significant improvements to cloth take up and in 1813 battening.

Power looms

Edmund Cartwright bought and patented  a  power loom  in 1785, and it was this loom that was adopted by the nascent cotton industry in England. The silk loom made by Jacques Vaucanson in 1745 operated on the same principles but wasn't developed further. The invention of the flying shuttle by John Kay was critical to the development of a commercially successful power loom. Cartwright's loom was impractical but the ideas behind it were developed by numerous inventors in the Manchester area of England.

Cartwright's loom was little used; he established a powerloom factory at Doncaster in 1787 which closed after few years. Grimshaw's factory at Manchester, which opened in 1790 and contained twenty four Cartwright looms, was burnt down by protesting hand loom weavers. It is speculated that Cartwright's failure was due to the loom's wooden frame and crude construction, Cartwright's inexperience in business, and the lack of an adequate method to prepare the warp.

To prepare the loom, the warp threads needed to be strengthened by applying a wet size (a process called dressing) and then wound onto a beam or roller that fitted on the back of the loom (a process called warping or beaming). These processes were time-consuming; if dressing took place on the loom, the loom had to remain idle until the threads dried. Because of this, the economics of weaving still favoured the handloom weaver. It was William Radcliffe, also of Stockport, who introduced the dressing frame in 1803.

Horrocks' loom
William Horrocks secured several patents to improve the loom. The Horrocks loom, introduced in 1803, featured an improved method of taking up the cloth onto the beam once it was woven. It had a metal frame, and was described as neat and compact so hundreds could be at work in a single room.  As the warp was now dressed away from the loom, the Horrocks loom could be run continuously, being stopped only to piece broken threads and to replenish the weft in the shuttle. In the vicinity of Stockport, approximately 2,000 looms were in use by 1818, and by 1821 there were 32 factories containing 5,732 looms. According to a 1830 report to the British House of Commons, by 1820 there were an estimated 14,150 power looms in both England and Scotland; that number increased to 55,500 by 1829. However, these counts were outnumbered 4 to 1 by the number of handlooms. Official figures (The Factories Inspectors' count) were first compiled in 1835 and they showed 108,189 power looms used for cotton, 1,713 for silk, 2,330 for wool and 2,846 for worsted, but not all of these would have been Horrocks looms; the 1830 Roberts Loom (based on 1822 patents) had become more popular.

References
Notes

Footnotes

Bibliography

Weaving equipment
Textile machinery
History of the textile industry
Industrial Revolution in England
1803 in science
Cotton industry
19th-century inventions
Scottish inventions
Mantelli Fossa MF.1. The Mantelli-Fossa MF-1  was a single-seat primary glider built in Italy in 1934. Only one was constructed.

Design and development

The Mantelli-Fossa MF-1 was designed by Adriano Mantelli, an experienced  aircraft modeller.  To fund its construction, Mantelli, his cousin Dino Sirocchi and some other aircraft modellers founded a company named SDAM after their senior partners' initials.  The MF-1 was built by Ennio Fossa in his family workshop. It was a high-wing monoplane, its wing supported centrally on a fuselage pedestal and braced on each side with a faired V strut from beyond mid-span to the lower fuselage. It was mounted without dihedral and was rectangular in plan apart from cropped aileron tips.

The fuselage, rectangular in cross-section though with a rounded decking, was entirely fabric-covered. There was an open cockpit immediately ahead of the pedestal.  Aft of the wing the fuselage tapered to the tail, where a triangular tailplane with rectangular elevators was placed on top of it.  The fin was small and triangular and carried a straight-edged balanced rudder which extended down to the keel, operating in an elevator cut-out.  The MF-1 landed on a conventional wooden skid fitted with rubber shock absorbers, assisted by a very small tail skid.

Mantelli flew the MF-1 for the first time on 14 August 1934.  Later that year he competed in it at Cantù in the Littoriali Contests.

Specifications

References

1930s Italian sailplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1934
Peptoid nanosheet. In nanobiotechnology, a peptoid nanosheet is a synthetic protein structure made from peptoids. Peptoid nanosheets have a thickness of about three nanometers and a length of up to 100 micrometers, meaning that they have a two-dimensional, flat shape that resembles paper on the nanoscale.

This makes them one of the thinnest known two-dimensional organic crystalline materials with an area to thickness ratio of greater than 109 nm. Peptoid nanosheets were discovered in the laboratory of Dr. Ron Zuckermann at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in 2010. Due to the ability to customize peptoids and therefore the properties of the peptoid nanosheet, it has possible applications in the areas of drug and small molecule delivery and biosensing.

Synthesis
For assembly, a purified amphiphilic polypeptoid of specific sequence is dissolved in aqueous solution. These form a monolayer (Langmuir–Blodgett film) on the air-water interface with their hydrophobic side chains oriented in air and hydrophilic side chains in the water. When this mono-layer is shrunk, it buckles into a bilayer with the hydrophobic groups forming the interior core of the peptoid nanosheet. This method has been standardized in the Zuckermann laboratory by repetitively tilting vials of peptoid solution at 85° before returning the vials to the upright position. This repetitive vial “rocking” motion lessens the interfacial area of the air-water interface inside the vial, compressing the peptoid mono-layer by a factor of four and causing the mono-layer to buckle into peptoid nanosheets. Using this method, nanosheets are produced in high yield, and 95% of the peptoid polymer starting material is efficiently converted into peptoid nanosheets after rocking the vials several hundred times.

Applications
Peptoid nanosheets have a very high surface area, which can be readily functionalized to serve as a platform for sensing and templating. Also, their hydrophobic interiors can accommodate hydrophobic small molecule cargos, which have been demonstrated by the sequestration of Nile red when this dye was injected into an aqueous solution of the peptoid nanosheets.  For these reasons, the hydrophobic interior of the 2D nanosheets could be an attractive platform for loading or embedding hydrophobic cargo, such as drug molecules, fluorophores, aromatic compounds, and metal nanoparticles.

See also 
 Nanosheet
 Langmuir–Blodgett film
 Nanosheets.org Images, videos and interactive molecular models of the peptoid nanosheet.

References 

Protein structure
Two-dimensional nanomaterials
Crystals
Organic chemistry
Engineers Lake. Engineers Lake, a small oval-shaped lake, has a surface area of . This lake is on the south side of Haines City, Florida, and is in a suburban area. It is bordered by residences, woods and grassland. It is  north of Little Lake Hamilton.

Engineers Lake has no public access along its shores. Permission of property owners must be obtained to reach this lake. The Take Me Fishing website says this lake contains largemouth bass and bluegill.

References

Lakes of Polk County, Florida
Prosa UML Modeller. Prosa UML Modeller assists software developers to design applications visually by using Unified Modeling Language. 
Unified Modeling Language - UML 

, is a standardized graphic notation developed to create visual models of object oriented software systems.

Prosa automates diagram creation and checking, and produces C++, C#, Java code headers and SQL DDL for implementation.
Concurrent documentation ensures accurate documents which are consistent with the software design.

Prosa has integrations with programmer's workbenches, version control software, documentation tools and
web pages.

Several designers can work concurrently in the same modeling project. The diagrams are locked so that only one designer is allowed to edit a diagram at a time. Standard security settings of the file system can be used to set designer specific read/write 
rights.

Prosa UML tool has achieved an established and notable position in analysis and design tool business. 

Prosa is available for Microsoft Windows.

Versions
Prosa UML Modeller V5.24 for Windows, October 2013

File Format
Prosa UML  Modeller stores diagrams in ASCII text format.

See also
List of Unified Modeling Language tools

References

External links

UML tools
Programming tools for Windows
Hendrik C. Ferreira. Hendrik Christoffel Ferreira (1954 – November 20, 2018, in Johannesburg) was a professor in Digital Communications and Information Theory at the University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Biography
He studied electrical engineering at the University of Pretoria, South Africa, where he obtained his Ph.D. in 1980. He worked as a visiting researcher at Linkabit in San Diego. He joined the Rand Afrikaans University in 1983, where, in 1989, he was appointed full professor. In recognition of his excellence in research and educating post-graduate students, he has been appointed as a research professor at the University of Johannesburg in 2007. He is a Fellow of the SAIEE, the South African Institute of Electrical Engineers.

Ferreira published close to 250 research papers on topics such as digital communications, power line communications, vehicular communication systems. With his work he introduced and developed a new theme in Information Theory, namely coding techniques for constructing combined channel codes, where error correction and channel properties are considered jointly.

Ferreira was a pioneering initiator and stimulator of the research fields of Information Theory and Power Line Communications in South Africa. He also was an organizer of the IEEE Information Theory Society and Power Line Communications within South Africa and Africa. He was a member of the Technical Committee for Power Line Communications of the IEEE Communications Society, and he served on the Technical Program Committee of several IEEE conferences,  including the IEEE (ISIT) International Symposium on Information Theory, the IEEE (ISPLC) International Symposium on Power Line Communications, and the IEEE Africon and Chinacom conferences.

An obituary by his colleague Han Vinck was presented during a workshop in 2019.

References

Information theorists
Academic staff of the University of Johannesburg
University of Pretoria alumni
Living people
1954 births
Dawood University of Engineering & Technology. The Dawood University of Engineering and Technology (initials:DUET) () is a public university located in Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. It was established by Seth Ahmed Dawood and is named after him.

History and overview
Dawood College of Engineering and Technology was established in 1962 as a federal government engineering institution. Initial financial endowment and foundation stone of the Dawood College of Engineering and Technology was laid by then President of Pakistan Field Marshal Mohammad Ayub Khan in 1962. It was established by Dawood Foundation under the supervision of Seth Ahmed Dawood in 1964.

It is regarded as one of the oldest institutions of higher learning in engineering in Pakistan and pioneer in the fields of electronics, chemical, petroleum, metallurgical and industrial engineering degrees.

Recognized university
It is one of the notable institutions in Karachi and secured its place in the engineering category by the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan, as of 2010.

In 2013, the Government of Sindh upgraded it to a university, renaming it 'Dawood University of Engineering and Technology'.

Academics

Bachelor's programs
 BS Computer Science
 BS Mathematics
 BS Business and Information Systems
 BS Chemistry
 BS Environmental Sciences
 BS Artificial Intelligence 
 BS Cyber Security 
 BE Chemical Engineering
 BE Electronic Engineering
 BE Industrial Engineering and Management
 BE Metallurgy and Materials Engineering
 BE Petroleum and Gas Engineering 
 BE Telecommunication Engineering
 BE Computer System Engineering
 BE Energy and Environment Engineering
 BArch Architecture and Planning

Master's programs
 MS Telecommunication Engineering 
 MS Chemical Engineering
 MS Electronic Engineering
 MS Metallurgy and Materials Engineering
 MS Industrial Engineering and Management
 MS Industrial Chemistry

Doctoral programs
 PhD Telecommunication Engineering
PhD Chemical Engineering
 PhD Electronic Engineering
 PhD Computer System Engineering
 PhD Metallurgy and Material Engineering
 PhD Industrial And Management Engineering

See also
 Dawood Group
 NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi
 Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro
 List of universities in Pakistan
 List of engineering universities and colleges in Pakistan

References

External links
 DUET official website

Engineering universities and colleges in Pakistan
Universities and colleges in Karachi
Public universities and colleges in Sindh
Universities and colleges established in 1962
1962 establishments in Pakistan
Dawood family
AdamWorks. AdamWorks, LLC (AdamWorks), is an American engineering and manufacturing organization specializing in designing, tooling and manufacturing of composite structures and mechanical systems.

History 

The company was founded in 2007 to pursue composites engineering/manufacturing projects in government, defense, space, commercial, and alternative energy markets.

Since its inception, AdamWorks has designed and built a variety of spacecraft pressure vessels, aerospace and aircraft structures, radomes, pods and pod systems, unmanned aerial vehicle structures, with a portfolio of products flying on over 17 different military and civilian aircraft.

Services 

 Engineering
 Tooling
 Design and Manufacture
 Build to print structures
 Reverse engineering
 Rapid prototyping
 Static Testing
 Production engineering
 Production manufacturing

Projects 

 UAV Sensor Pod Design and Fabrication to support Wide Area Airborne Sensor (WAAS) Integration, including full Environmental Control System (ECS) integration
 Tooling Design, Fabrication, Parts Design and Fabrication for Primary Structure for a suborbital spacecraft funded under NASA's Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) and Commercial Crew Development (CCDev) Initiative 
 Design, tooling, and manufacture of a Multi-Sensor Fairing Assembly housing a multi-spectral sensor integrated onto a Boeing 700-series test bed aircraft
 Radomes, Composite Pallets, Operator Workstations, and Airborne Server rack integration supporting conversion of a cargo aircraft into an ISR platform 
 Fabrication of sub-orbital space vehicle pressure vessel for the Space Tourism Industry
DARPA-funded man-portable wind-generator power project
 Structural engineering services for composite compound coaxial Joint Multi-Role demonstrator helicopter designed by prime contractor (AVX Aircraft Company) for the US Army's Future Vertical Lift initiative

Milestones 

 AdamWorks receives its ISO 9001:2008 certification in 2011.
 Facility Expansion (2011)
 Delivery of Dream Chaser flight test vehicle (12/11/2011)
 AdamWorks is a Finalist for Colorado Companies To Watch (April, 2013)

References

External links
 AdamWorks, LLC official website

Engineering companies of the United States
Aerospace companies of the United States
Companies based in Centennial, Colorado
Technology companies established in 2007
2007 establishments in Colorado