omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Titanium Explorer. The Titanium Explorer is an Australian autogyro designed by Neil Sheather and Andrew Pepper and produced by Titanium Auto Gyro (TAG Aviation Pty Limited) of Attunga, New South Wales. The aircraft is supplied complete and ready-to-fly, although development of a kit for amateur construction was underway in 2015.

Design and development
Development of the design was started in 2009 as a result of noted deficiencies in imported autogyro designs for Australian conditions.

The Explorer features a single main rotor, a two-seats-in tandem open cockpit, each with a windshield, tricycle landing gear with wheel pants, plus a tail caster and a four-cylinder, liquid and air-cooled, four stroke  Rotax 912 or  turbocharged Rotax 914 engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft fuselage box-section frame is made from titanium, while the cockpit fairing is made from carbon fiber reinforced polymer and fibreglass composites. Its two-bladed rotor has a diameter of  and a chord of . The design is noted for its rugged suspension, designed for Australian outback conditions.

The aircraft has a typical empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload for the pilot, passenger and baggage is .

Specifications (Explorer)

See also
List of rotorcraft

References

External links

Explorer
2010s Australian sport aircraft
Single-engined pusher autogyros
George W. G. Allen. Major George W. G. Allen,  (12 January 1891 – November 1940) was a British engineer who pioneered aerial photography for the purpose of archaeological research.

Early life and war service
Born in Oxford on 12 January 1891, the eldest son of John Allen (1857–1934), George Allen was educated at Boxgrove School, Guildford, and Clifton College. He attended the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, but as he was not able to get into the Royal Engineers he left to become an engineer as a civilian, and worked for Humphreys and Sons, consulting engineers as a waterworks engineer on the East Coast of Africa, before becoming a manager of his father's company. 

During the First World War, Allen  served in the Royal Tank Corps and was awarded the Military Cross. On 1 
August 1918, he was made a temporary major while working as a General Staff Officer, 2nd Grade. He rejoined his father's company after the war.

Aerial photography of archaeological sites 

In 1929 Allen learned to fly and purchased a red De Havilland Puss Moth, which he named Maid of the Mist, the first privately owned aeroplane in Oxford, which he kept at his own airfield at Clifton Hampden. Piloting his aircraft and using a hand‐made camera, he made aerial pictures mostly taken between 1933 and 1938 of known, and previously unknown, unrecorded archaeological sites.

He took about 2000 photographs, mostly oblique, taken from an altitude of only 300–450 metres, a contribution that enabled interpretation by O. G. S. Crawford of archaeological sites in Wiltshire, Hampshire, Kent, Somerset, Hertfordshire, Dorset, Gloucestershire and Lincolnshire, but most especially in Oxfordshire. His success in detecting such sites as the Icknield Way was due to his observation and recording of what was revealed by relief in raking light and as the change in seasons and rainfall patterns altered vegetation cover, which was often densest where covered-over excavations had held moisture.

In 1936 he was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries.

Veteran vehicles hobby 
G W G Allen made a hobby of finding, restoring and running veteran vehicles. Notable among these was the Grenville steam carriage.

He was killed in a motor‐cycle accident in November 1940.

After his death, his camera and photographs were given to the Ashmolean Museum.

Publications 

 Allen, G.W.G., 'Discovery from the Air', posthumously published in J.S.P Bradford and O.S.G. Crawford, ed., Aerial Archaeology Vol 10 (1984)

References

External links 
 Ashmolean Museum, records of G. W. G. Allen
 Oxford Reference

1891 births
1940 deaths
Aerial photographers
Photographers from Oxfordshire
Photogrammetry
Topography
20th-century British archaeologists
British Army personnel of World War I
Royal Tank Regiment officers
Recipients of the Military Cross
Motorcycle road incident deaths
Road incident deaths in the United Kingdom
Military personnel from Oxfordshire
Sebastiano Vigna. Sebastiano Vigna (born 1967) is a professor of computer science at the University of Milan.  He created the xorshift+ and xoroshiro128+ pseudorandom number generators. Xorshift128+ is used in the JavaScript engines of Chrome, Firefox, and Safari. In 1991, he received a laurea in Mathematics and in 1996 a Ph.D. in computer science; both from the University of Milan. He developed UbiCrawler, a web crawler, in a collaboration with others.

He worked extensively on graph algorithms such as HyperBall. He used this algorithm, together with researchers from Facebook and others, to compute the degrees of separation on the global Facebook network, which resulted in an average distance of 4.74.

References

1967 births
Living people
Italian computer scientists
Academic staff of the University of Milan
University of Milan alumni
Network scientists
Pulse-cross. A pulse-cross is the representation of normally invisible portions of an analog video signal on a studio screen for error analysis.

Only part of the video signal contains image information: with an analog 625-line video signal, each field lasts 20 ms. Of these, only 18.4 ms (287.5 lines) are provided for image information; the remaining 1.6 ms (25 lines) form the vertical blanking interval, a time reserved for the vertical retrace of the electron beam. Likewise, of the 64 μs of each line, only 52 μs contain image information; the remaining 12 μs form the horizontal blanking interval for the horizontal retrace. These blanking intervals are thus outside the picture.

A pulse-cross circuit delays synchronization in the monitor, shifting the image to the left or up. This will reveal areas of the video signal that are usually outside the image. In addition, the circuit reduces the contrast of the image, so that the sync pulses are also shown, where the voltage is below the black level.

In a standard-compliant video signal, the vertical synchronization signal consists of five long pulses of 59.3 μs duration and is framed by five 2.35 μs short pulses before and after, the pre-equalizing pulses. Home computers, game consoles, etc. often do not provide a standard-compliant signal: the sync signal contains no gaps and no pre-equalizing pulses. A pulse-cross circuit will reveal these inaccuracies.

For PAL color coding, the colorburst signal can be seen in the form of an orange bar. For a pure black and white signal, the burst is missing.

Furthermore, the timing error of a video recorder can be recognized on the signal cross. Switching the video heads will cause a single line in the image to be either too long or too short. This error can be corrected by a time base corrector.

Literature
    Ru van Wezel, Video-Handbuch (German language)
    Martin Hinner, PAL video timing specification

Television technology
Test equipment
Lajos Hanzo. Lajos Hanzo FREng is an electronics engineer, Professor, and Chair of Telecommunications at the University of Southampton, and also a former Editor-in-Chief of IEEE Press.

Education
Lajos was born in Hungary and studied at the Technical University of Budapest, graduating with his master's degree in Electronics in 1976 and his Ph.D. in 1983. In 1980–81, he conducted research at the University of Erlangen–Nuremberg, Germany. He then returned to Hungary and, in 1986, moved to University of Southampton, UK.

Career
In 1987, he was appointed as a Lecturer (Assistant Professor) at the University of Southampton and, in 1998, he was appointed to the Chair of Telecommunications. In 2004, he received his Doctor of Science degree for his thesis based on 11 research monographs and 70 journal papers.

Lajos is a prolific educator and researcher. He has published 2000+ technical papers at IEEE Xplore and co-authored 19 John Wiley - IEEE Press research monographs. His research include multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), visible light communication (VLC), turbo coding, and quantum communications conceived for flawless tele-presence. 

He is the holder of two consecutive European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grants stretching over the past decade.

He has served several terms on the Board of Vehicular Technology Society (VTS) Governors of the IEEE. He is also a frequent keynote speaker at IEEE conferences.

Awards
Lajos was elected a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering in 2004. He received the Sir Monty Finniston Award (IET Achievement Medals) in 2008. He is a Fellow of IEEE (2004) for contributions to adaptive wireless communication systems, Fellow of IET, and Fellow of EURASIP (2011). He received Honorary Doctorates from the Technical University of Budapest in 2009 and from the University of Edinburgh in 2015. In 2016, he was elected as a Foreign Member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. In 2022, he was bestowed upon the IEEE Eric E. Sumner Award for seminal contributions to adaptive 
wireless communications.

Books and Publications
Lajos has co-authored 19 books related to generations of wireless communications standards, flawless voice- and video-compression, turbo coding, multi-carrier code-division multiple access (MC-CDMA), OFDM, MIMO systems, just to name a few. He has published 2000+ technical papers at IEEE Xplore. He is an ISI highly cited researcher.

References

External links

Living people
British electronics engineers
Fellows of the Institution of Engineering and Technology
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
Academics of the University of Southampton
Year of birth missing (living people)
Hungarian engineers
Strength of glass. Glass typically has a tensile strength of . However, the theoretical upper bound on its strength is orders of magnitude higher: . This high value is due to the strong chemical Si–O bonds of silicon dioxide. Imperfections of the glass,  such as bubbles, and in particular surface flaws, such as scratches, have a great effect on the strength of glass and decrease it even more than for other brittle materials. The chemical composition of the glass also impacts its tensile strength. The processes of thermal and chemical toughening can increase the tensile strength of glass.

Glass has a compressive strength of .

Strength of glass fiber 
Glass fibers have a much higher tensile strength than regular glass (200-500 times stronger than regular glass). This is due to the reduction of flaws in glass fibers and the small cross sectional area of glass fibers, constraining maximum defect size.

Strength of fiberglass 
Fiberglass's strength depends on the type. S-glass has a strength of  while E-glass and C-glass have a strength of .

Hardness 
Glass has a hardness of 6.5 on the Mohs scale of mineral hardness.

References 

Glass physics
Jessamyn Fairfield. Jessamyn Fairfield (born 13 October 1984) is an American physicist who researches biocompatible nanomaterials and neuromorphic devices at NUI Galway.

Early life and education 
Fairfield earned a BA in physics and applied math at the University of California Berkeley in 2005, before an MSc and PhD in physics at the University of Pennsylvania in 2011. Her PhD dissertation is titled “Memory and Coupling in Nanocrystal Optoelectronic Devices”

Research and career 
After her PhD, Fairfield joined Trinity College Dublin as a research fellow. Her research focuses on nanomaterials, examining the optoelectronic properties of nanocrystals and nanowires. She is interested in neuromorphic materials, whose function mimics the synaptic connection of the brain. Alongside publishing in academic journals, she is a regular contributor to the popular science magazine Physics World.

In 2018, Fairfield completed a residency program in the Arctic Circle, where she worked on a project on the effects of climate change on humans. In 2019, she participated in the Homeward Bound leadership development program and Antarctic expedition during which she also studied climate change.

Public engagement 
Fairfield was the lead writer at DARTofPhysics, a campaign prompted a citywide discussion about physics through a series of adverts on public transport. In 2015, she joined Dublin's City of Physics program, acting as a blog editor and taking over management of Bright Club. She trains speakers and funds the initiative through Science Foundation Ireland. In 2016, she gave the Institute of Physics Summer Session, bringing researchers together with live music, to explore electronics and the brain. Fairfield brought Soapbox Science to Galway in 2017, bringing women in science to public spaces to talk about their research, and returned to organize its 2018 and 2019 events.

She is the science reporter for Newstalk's radio show "Futureproof". She gives regular public talks as well as appearing in newspapers and on television. In December 2017 she spoke at TEDxTUM in Munich.

Awards 
 2017 – Institute of Physics Mary Somerville Medal
 2013 – Institute of Physics Early Career Communicator Award

References

1984 births
Living people
21st-century American physicists
American women physicists
American science communicators
Science communication award winners
University of California, Berkeley alumni
21st-century American women scientists
Hadja Fatimata Ouattara. Hadja Fatimata Ouattara (nee Sanon) is a Burkina Faso politician who was Minister of Digital Economy and Postal Development from February 2017 to January 2022.

Early life and education
Ouattara attended Sainte-Marie College in the Bobo-Dioulasso neighbourhood of Tounouma and has a degree in computer engineering from the Polytechnic University of Bobo-Dioulasso and a Masters in computer network and multimedia from the International Centre for Applied Advanced Studies at Humber College in Canada.

Career
In 2005, Ouattara became the webmaster of the Burkina Knowledge Management Network and created the Burkinabè Association for Linux and Free Software. She was Technical Advisor to the ICT Ministry. She also worked for several NGOs and is a founding member of the African Free Software Network. During the transitional period after the 2014 Burkinabé uprising, she held the position of Technical Secretary for the Ministry of Civil Service.

Ouattara was appointed Minister of Digital Economy and Postal Development by President Roch Marc Christian Kaboré on 23 February 2017. In April 2017, she launched the construction of thirteen metropolitan fiber optic loops in each regional capital of the country, a 36 million euro project designed called "G-cloud", largely funded through the Danish International Development Agency. 

In June, she was one of the founders of the inaugural Francophone African Conference on Open Data and Open Government, with representatives from 22 African countries. In July, she opened the Second IT Forum Burkina Faso in Ouagadougou and affirmed the government's goal to fully computerize its administrative processes and provide universal access to digital technology for all Burkinabès.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
People from Bobo-Dioulasso
Government ministers of Burkina Faso
Humber College alumni
Women government ministers of Burkina Faso
21st-century Burkinabé politicians
John Bates (technology executive). John Bates is a British computer scientist, and businessman. He has started several technology companies in the UK. Bates is CEO at ECM/DMS vendor SER Group.

Education
Bates received his PhD in mobile and distributed computing (computer science) at the University of Cambridge computer laboratory in 1993. His PhD advisor was Jean Bacon.

Career
Earlier on, he was a lecturer and Fellow of St Catharine's College, Cambridge until 2000. At Cambridge, he led several research projects, often in collaboration with industry, and designed and taught courses covering operating systems, distributed systems, software engineering and mobile computing.

Bates is an entrepreneur in the software industry, focusing on areas such as event-driven architectures, smart environments, business activity monitoring and Internet of Things.

In 2011 Wall Street and Technology magazine named him as one of the "10 innovators of the decade". In 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015, Institutional Investor named him in its "Tech 50" of disruptive technologists.

Bates has published 2015 a book entitled Thingalytics: Smart Big Data for the Internet of Things.

Apama 
Bates was co-founder, President and CTO of Apama, the pioneering streaming analytics company.

IONA Technologies 
Bates has been CTO of IONA Technologies Limited since December 2009 and its Executive Vice President since 2011.

Terracotta, Inc 
He has been CTO of Terracotta, Inc. since October 2013. He was a member of the Technology Council at C5 Capital Ltd.

Progress Software 
He was a vice president of Progress Software since 3 May 2011 and served as its Divisional general manager. He was CTO of Progress Software Corp. from 2009 to 2013 and its Decision Analytics Business Line Leader from 2012 to 2013.

Software AG 
He was the chief marketing officer at Software AG (alternate name Software Aktiengesellschaft) from 2014 to 2015. He was CTO of Intelligent Business Operations & Big Data at Software AG since October, 2013. He served as Head of Industry Solutions at Software AG.

PLAT.ONE Inc. 
He served as CEO of PLAT.ONE Inc. from October, 2015 to February, 2017.

TestPlant / Eggplant 
He has been the CEO of TestPlant Limited from February, 2017 to January, 2021.

Sage 
Since May 2019 Bates is an Independent Non-Executive Director and is a member of the Remuneration Committee and the Nomination Committee.

SER Group 
Bates was named CEO in January 2022.

References

Alumni of St Catharine's College, Cambridge
British computer scientists
21st-century British engineers
Living people
Members of the University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory
Year of birth missing (living people)
Sheila Mwarangu. Sheila Wairimu Mwarangu (née Sheila Wairimu), is a consultant civil and structural engineer, who is a partner and managing director at Gathara & Partners Consulting Civil and Structural Engineers, a Kenyan consulting engineering company in Nairobi, Kenya's capital and largest city.

Background and education
She obtained her Bachelor of Engineering (BEng) in Civil Engineering in 2002, from the University of Manchester. She continued her studies at Imperial College London, where she was awarded a Master of Science (MSc) degree in Structural Engineering, in 2003. She also has an Executive MBA (EMBA) degree from IESE Business School, awarded in 2015. Later, in 2016, she obtained a Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree from Strathmore Business School.

Career
Immediately after her master's degree at Imperial College, she was hired by the Halcrow Group, working there as a graduate engineer, at their offices in Manchester, in the United Kingdom, for two years from 2003 until 2005. In 2006, she switched employers and relocated to TRP Consulting, also in Manchester, working there as a structural engineer for two years until 2008. She then moved to her native Kenya and worked as an engineer at Gathara and Partners Consulting Engineers for one year until 2010.

She then returned to Manchester, United Kingdom, and worked as a structural engineer at Clancy Consulting, for two years until 2012. In October 2012 she was elected partner at Gathara & Partners Consulting Engineers, in Nairobi Kenya. In August 2017, she was appointed as managing director and chief executive officer at the engineering consultancy.

Family
She is a mother of two children.

Other considerations
She sits in a number of boards of directors, including at ASHA Freight Limited, a freight forwarding business based in Manchester, United Kingdom and at CONTERRA Limited, a Nairobi-based  real estate development company. In 2017, Sheila Mwarangu was named among the "Top 40 Under 40 Women 2017" by Business Daily Africa, a daily English language business newspaper, published by the Nation Media Group

See also
 Esther Koimett
 Catherine Igathe
 Carole Kariuki
 Naadiya Moosajee

References

External links
Website of Gathara & Partners Consulting Civil and Structural Engineers

1982 births
Kenyan civil engineers
Alumni of the University of Manchester
Alumni of Imperial College London
Strathmore University alumni
21st-century Kenyan businesswomen
21st-century Kenyan businesspeople
Kenyan women business executives
Kenyan chief executives
Living people
21st-century Kenyan women engineers
21st-century Kenyan engineers
Frey Samsioe. Carl Axel Frey Samsioe (9 October 1890, Hörby, Malmöhus County – 20 March 1972) was a Swedish civil engineer, specializing in road construction and water-power engineering.

C. A. Frey Samsioe graduated in 1912 in engineering at the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm and in 1935 received his doctorate in engineering. He was employed at the Swedish construction company Vattenbyggnadsbyrån in 1912–1916 and 1919–1955, as well as at the Whangpoo Conservancy Board in Shanghai in 1917–1918. He was elected in 1931 as a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences.

In 1924 in London, Samsioe presented a paper at the first World Power Conference.  He was an Invited Speaker of the ICM in 1924 at Toronto.

References

20th-century Swedish engineers
Swedish civil engineers
KTH Royal Institute of Technology alumni
1890 births
1972 deaths
Verrières Viaduct. The Verrières Viaduct is a curved 720-metre concrete autoroute box girder bridge in the south of France, which at one point was briefly the highest bridge in France; it is almost 500 feet tall.

History

Design
It would be the highest bridge in France. It has a concrete road deck, built on steel girders. The concrete piers are from 40 metres to 140 metres in height. Société d'études techniques et économiques (SETEC) carried out design work for the shape of the road deck.

P3 pier would be the highest at 141.36m.

Construction
In August 1999, construction began of the steel deck structure on-site. In January 2002, the bridge deck was incrementally launched from one side. The bridge was too high to be built with a crane. 6,200 tonnes of steel were built, with 22,000 cubic metres of concrete for the five concrete piers. Groupe Razel built the concrete piers.

The steelwork was built by Société d'études R. Foucault et Associés (SERF) of Cergy in Paris (Île-de-France).

Construction finished in January 2002.

References

External links
 Structurae
 Highest Bridges

2002 establishments in France
Box girder bridges in France
Bridges completed in 2002
Buildings and structures in Aveyron
Concrete bridges in France
Transport in Occitania (administrative region)
Viaducts in France
21st-century architecture in France
C-7 (Cercanías Madrid). The C-7 is a line and rail service of Cercanías Madrid commuter rail network, operated by Renfe Operadora. It runs from Alcalá de Henares to Fuente de la Mora. It's composed of two sections: the western side is a loop around Madrid and its western suburbs, ending at Fuente de la Mora station, while the eastern side (from Atocha) runs to Alcalá de Henares.

Infrastructure
Like the rest of Cercanías Madrid lines, the C-7 runs on the Iberian gauge mainline railway system, which is owned by Adif, an agency of the Spanish government. All of the railway lines carrying Rodalies de Catalunya services are electrified at 3,000 volts (V) direct current (DC) using overhead lines. The C-7 operates on a total line length of , which is entirely double-track. The trains on the line call at up to 24 stations, using the following railway lines, in order from west to east:

List of stations
The following table lists the name of each station served by line C-7 in order from west to east; the station's service pattern offered by C-10 trains; the transfers to other Cercanías Madrid lines; remarkable transfers to other transport systems; the municipality in which each station is located; and the fare zone each station belongs to according to the Madrid Metro fare zone system.

References

Cercanías Madrid