omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Jiuzhang (quantum computer). Jiuzhang () is the first photonic quantum computer to claim quantum supremacy. Previously quantum supremacy has been achieved only once in 2019 by Google's Sycamore, however Google's computer was based on superconducting materials, and not photons.

Jiuzhang was developed by a team from University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) led by Pan Jianwei and Lu Chaoyang. The computer is named after Jiuzhang suanshu, an ancient Chinese mathematical classic.

On 3 December 2020, USTC announced in Science that Jiuzhang successfully performed Gaussian boson sampling in 200 seconds (3 minutes 20 seconds), with a maximum of 76 detected photons. The USTC group estimated that it would take 2.5 billion years for the Sunway TaihuLight supercomputer to perform the same calculation.

Experimental setup

The setup involves a Verdi-pumped Mira 900 Ti:sapphire laser which is split into 13 paths of equal intensity and then shined on 25 PPKTP crystals to produce 25 two-mode squeezed states. Through a hybrid encoding this is equivalent to 50 single-mode squeezed states. The purity is increased from 98% to 99% by 12 nm filtering. The 50 single-mode squeezed states are sent into a 100-mode interferometer and sampled by 100 single-photon detectors with an efficiency of 81%.

References

2020 in science
University of Science and Technology of China
Quantum computing
Supercomputing in China
New Koilwar Bridge. New Koilwar Bridge, (officially Vashishtha Narayan Setu) at Koilwar in Bhojpur is a 1.52 km long, 6-lane wide road bridge over the Sone river. It connects Arrah with Patna, the capital of Bihar state in India and also carries Buxar-Arrah-Patna national highway (NH-922). New Koilwar Bridge is named after Indian mathematician and Padma Shri awardee Vashishtha Narayan Singh (1946–2019). New Koilwar Bridge is 500 metres north and parallel to the existing 2-lane wide Koilwar Bridge. The construction work of all 6-lanes completed and Bridge is fully opened to public on 14 May 2022.

In December 2020, Government of India has approved a 4-lane wide elevated road from Bharauli near Buxar of Bihar to Haydaria in Ghazipur of Uttar Pradesh. Upon its completion, Patna will be connected with Lucknow via New Koilwar bridge, Buxar-Ghazipur elevated road and the Purvanchal Expressway.

History
The Koilwar Bridge, a 2-lane wide road-cum-rail bridge was built by East Indian Railway Company and became operational on 4 November 1862. Since it was narrow and getting older there was a huge traffic movement problem, there was a need for an alternate road bridge to solve this issue. After 158 years, on 10 December 2020 Nitin Gadkari the Union Minister of Road Transport and Highways inaugurated the New Koilwar Bridge via video-conferencing from New Delhi.

Delhi-Patna connectivity
The 6-lane New Koilwar Bridge is a part of Government of India's initiative to connect New Delhi with Patna (via Lucknow) in order to improve transportation facilities and trade & commerce activities in the state of Bihar. New Delhi is already connected to Ghazipur in Uttar Pradesh by various expressways and upon the completion of 'Buxar-Ghazipur elevated road', people can travel till Patna in Bihar by Buxar-Arrah-Patna national highway (NH-922).

Road network

List of expressways and highways connecting New Delhi with Agra, Lucknow and Patna.

Note: Union Minister Nitin Gadkari announced on 28 August 2021 that the Government of India will construct Ghazipur–Arrah–Patna Expressway at an event in Arrah, Bihar.

Status updates
 July 2017: Foundation stone ceremony of New Koilwar Bridge done by Union Minister R. K. Singh on 22 July 2017.
 Jan 2018: The construction work of Bridge started by SP Singla Constructions Pvt Ltd.
 Dec 2020: 3-lanes (Patna to Arrah) opened for traffic to public and inaugurated on 10 December 2020 by Union Minister Nitin Gadkari.
 May 2022: The other 3-lanes (Arrah to Patna) opened to public on 14 May 2022. Inauguration done by Union Minister Nitin Gadkari.

See also
 Koilwar Bridge
 Arrah-Chhapra Bridge

References

Bridges in Bihar
Bhojpur district, India
Ware report. Security Controls for Computer Systems, commonly called the Ware report, is a 1970 text by Willis Ware that was foundational in the field of computer security.

Development
A defense contractor in St. Louis, Missouri, had bought an IBM mainframe computer, which it was using for classified work on a fighter aircraft. To provide additional income, the contractor asked the Department of Defense (DoD) for permission to sell computer time on the mainframe to local businesses via remote terminals, while the classified work continued.

At the time, the DoD did not have a policy to cover this. The DoD's Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) asked Ware - a RAND employee - to chair a committee to examine and report on the feasibility of security controls for computer systems.

The committee's report was a classified document given in January 1970 to the Defense Science Board (DSB), which had taken over the project from ARPA. After declassification, the report was published by RAND in October 1979.

Influence
The IEEE Computer Society said the report was widely circulated, and the IEEE Annals of the History of Computing said that it, together with Ware's 1967 Spring Joint Computer Conference session, marked the start of the field of computer security.

The report influenced security certification standards and processes, especially in the banking and defense industries, where the report was instrumental in creating the Orange Book.

External links

References

Computer security
RAND Corporation
Shuqian Lu station. Shuqian Lu station is a planned station of Line 10 of Guangzhou Metro. It is planned to be built underground on the north side of Miaoqianzhi Street in Yuexiu District, near Dongshankou station. Due to the lack of transparency of the planning process and the site selection of Dongshan, the historical core area of Guangzhou, this site has caused controversy and attracted much attention.

History
On March 15, 2017, the “Recent Construction Plan for Urban Rail Transit in Guangzhou (2016-2022)” submitted by the Guangdong Provincial Development and Reform Commission was approved by the National Development and Reform Commission, and the approval is in the construction planning period It has been adjusted to 2017–2023. The planning document was released with the approval, and a schematic diagram of the construction plan of the wired network was attached. In the schematic diagram, the new line routing, all stations and the nature of the transfer are marked, and the Shuqian Road Station is visible for the first time. This site was also mentioned in the public announcement of the second environmental impact assessment of Line 10. The feasibility study report and the entire environmental assessment report. The contents and schematic diagram of the "Planning" after the approval of the Guangzhou Metro on July 2, 2018 was also published on the Internet.

Among them, there is a special explanation in the entire environmental impact report published on June 14, 2018, indicating that the planning project should be close to the Xinhepu Historical and Cultural Protection Area, specially designed to avoid the above-mentioned areas to set up stations, and plan to use a combination of open and dark excavation Construction method, reduce the requisition and demolition in order to reduce the impact of the station on the block.

References

Guangzhou Metro stations in Yuexiu District
Proposed Guangzhou Metro stations
Mangrove Tower. The Mangrove Tower was a proposed multipurpose skyscraper for San Juan, Puerto Rico, that if built, would have been the tallest building in the Caribbean.

History 
The building was to be located on the Martin Peña Channel waterfront across the street from the José Miguel Agrelot Coliseum and right next to the Milla de Oro area. The proposal took inspiration from the mangrove trees located on the channel. The building would be composed of four distinct towers which would twist together similar to the mangrove branches, giving people the opportunity to move horizontally and diagonally. The entanglement of the different structures would be hidden behind a façades with different treatments, such as an "interlaced net" mimicking a mangrove. The mangrove-tree inspiration would be further stressed by the use of vegetation and water features throughout the structure. It would have "house[d] apartments, businesses, public spaces and...a hotel," and "direct access to the area’s bus and train stations [as well as a] future connection to a ferry stop."

If built, the Mangrove Tower would have been Puerto Rico's "first true skyscraper" at  as it would have exceeded the  threshold to be considered a skyscraper, since the tallest high-rise building in Puerto Rico is the Caribbean Sea View which stands at .

The lot is now home to the Trocadero Diverplex, which houses commercial, entertainment and tourism spaces.

References 

Proposed skyscrapers in the United States
Unbuilt buildings and structures in the United States
Unbuilt skyscrapers
Buildings and structures in San Juan, Puerto Rico
Jerry Cuomo. Gennaro "Jerry" Cuomo (born 1962) is an American software engineer who has worked for IBM since 1987. Holding the title of IBM Fellow, Cuomo is known as one of the founding fathers of IBM WebSphere Software, a software framework and middleware that hosts Java-based web applications.

Cuomo has filed for over 50 US patents and has been cited over 3000 times. His most visible patent is the first use of the "Someone is typing..." indicator found in instant messaging applications (U.S. Patent 5,990,887).

At IBM, Cuomo has led projects in the areas of: Blockchain, APIs, cloud computing, mobile computing, Internet of Things, web server performance & availability, web security, web caching, edge computing, service-oriented architecture and REST.

Cuomo is the co-author of the book, Blockchain for Business, that illustrates how blockchain technology is re-imagining many of the world's most fundamental business interactions and opening the door to new styles of digital interactions that have yet to be imagined. In March 2016 and 2018, Cuomo was called upon by the United States government as an expert witness to testify to US Energy and Commerce Committee on Digital Currency and Blockchain.   During his 2016 testimony Cuomo urged the Obama administration to adopt Blockchain as a primary means to protect citizen identity and to enhance national security.  His testimony can be seen on YouTube.

Cuomo is currently the VP of Technology within IBM's Consulting business unit, where he is driving the technical strategy for AI-powered automation. In 2022, he published the book The Art of Automation. Later that year, he launched the Think series with his book Think Blockchain, and in 2024, expanded the series with Think Artificial Intelligence. He also hosts a technology podcast called Wild Ducks, which has been running since 2020.

References 

American software engineers
1962 births
Living people
Clothtech. Clothtech (clothing textiles) is a segment of technical textiles that includes all textile components used primarily in clothing and footwear. Clothtech adds functional properties to the product that improve specific and critical objectives. Clothtech encompasses the functional parts that may not be visible, such as zippers, labels, sewing threads, elastics, insulating fiber fills, waddings, shoelaces, and drawcords velcro, and interlining cloths, etc. Sewing threads is the major component that accounts around 60% of the technical textiles under clothtech followed by labels 19%, interlinings 8%, shoelaces and zip fasteners 5%, Velcro and umbrella 2%.

Clothtech is a significant division of the technical textile sector, contributing 7% to the overall technical textile industry.

Applications

Functional clothing 
Clothtech adds functional properties in the end product that enhance adaptability, elasticity, insulation, resistance, and increase in wearing comfort hence the overall performance against predetermined areas. Clothtech adds resistance to water or fire and increases performances with breathability etc. Textiles with cloth tech respond to different stimuli such as the environment, the garments made with cloth tech can detect and transmit the vitals of the user (wearer).

Footwear 
Clothtech is used for various shoe components such as fabric, shoelaces, sole materials, and fillings, etc.

Use 
The initial use of clothtech is apparel and footwear. High-performance garments, umbrella cloth Scuba diving, Body armors, firefighting suits are a few examples. Clothtech is one of the primary application areas of twelve direct application areas referred to in technical textiles.

Manufacturing 
Clothtech involves careful selection of fibers and a range of treatments (applications in machines such as exhaust, pad, or coatings) in various textile manufacturing stages. Different types of fibers ranging from natural to synthetic are used in clothtech. Woven, nonwoven, braided, and knitted all kinds of fabric manufacturing is selected.

See also 

 Automotive textiles
Technical textile
 Geotextile
 Indutech
 Landscape fabric
 Nonwoven fabric
Fabric inspection
 Performance (textiles)
3D textiles

References 

Textiles
San Patricio Bridge. San Patricio bridge (usually referred to as the Tempul aqueduct bridge or the La Barca aqueduct) is a bridge which supports the Tempul aqueduct as it passes over the River Guadalete, near the town of La Barca de la Florida, in the municipality of Jerez de la Frontera in Spain. Designed in 1925 by the engineer Eduardo Torroja and built under the direction of the engineer Francisco Ruiz Martínez, is considered one of the first exponents of the use of prestressed concrete in Spain. At the time of its construction it became the cable-stayed bridge with the largest span in the world, with 57 metres.

History 
For the passage, a structure of 14 piles is designed,4 with biapoyada lights of 30 meters. Two of these piers were set in the riverbed, so it was doubtful whether the structure could withstand the river's embankments in the event of flooding. This is why Eduardo Torroja, the person in charge of designing the work, decided to replace the two pillars with a central span with two 20-metre brackets and a central 17-metre section. To support the corbels, 63-mm diameter steel braces are extended, which rest on the pilasters. To tension the cable, the upper section of the pilaster was raised with jacks, causing the vertical reaction necessary to put the braces in tension and leave the bridge in a loaded condition. Torroja himself says that shortly after the structure was concreted, water began to rise in the riverbed, threatening the integrity of the structure. When it was considered that the concrete had reached sufficient resistance, the jacks were activated, raising the structure about 25 cm and raising the span by 5 cm. The formwork would eventually be washed away by the water, but the bridge could be completed in time. The bridge was completed in January 1927.

References 

Bridges in Andalusia
Buildings and structures in Jerez de la Frontera
Cable-stayed bridges in Spain
Beijing–Shangqiu high-speed railway. Beijing–Xiong'an–Shangqiu high-speed railway (京雄商高铁) is a high-speed railway under construction in China. The section from Xiong'an to Shangqiu is also called Xiong'an–Shangqiu high-speed railway (雄商高铁).

History
The  to  section had been expected to start construction in January 2021. Construction officially started on 30 September 2022.

The  to  section is part of long-term planning. In short-term it will through service with the Beijing-Xiong'an intercity railway to .

Route
The route will form part of Beijing–Hong Kong (Taipei) corridor. The section between Beijing and Xiong'an will be the second to link the two cities, taking a more direct route than the existing Beijing–Xiong'an intercity railway.

Stations

References

High-speed railway lines in China
High-speed railway lines under construction
Ben Luc – Long Thanh Expressway. The Ben Luc – Long Thanh Expressway, also known as Ho Chi Minh City Ring Road 3, is an expressway under construction in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

The expressway has a length of , of which 20 km is over bridges. It was approved in 2010 with an investment value of  VND 31,320 billion (US$1.5 billion), partially funded by a US$636 million Asian Development Bank loan and a VND 10,500 billion (US$450 million) JICA loan. Construction started in 2014, but was delayed due to funding issues. The route includes two large cable-stayed bridges. Construction of the two bridges was suspended since July 2018 due to funding issues over a US$70 million budget overrun. This has delayed the planned completion date from 2018 to 2023, as of July 2022 next completion date is given 3rd Quarter 2025.

Bình Khánh bridge 

Bình Khánh bridge has a total length of 2,764 meters and a main span of 375 meters.

Phước Khánh bridge 

Phước Khánh bridge has a total length of 3,186 meters and a main span of 300 meters. It is constructed by the Sumitomo - Cienco4 joint venture.

References

Road transport in Vietnam
Expressways in Vietnam
William J. Hilsman. William Joseph Hilsman (born March 13, 1932) is a retired United States Army lieutenant general who served as Director of the Defense Information Systems Agency from 1980 to 1983. Born in St. Louis, Missouri, the son of William Hilsman, he graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1954. Hilsman later earned an M.S. degree in electrical engineering from Northeastern University in 1962. He is the father of Air Force Brigadier General Allison A. Hickey.

In 1989, President George H. W. Bush appointed Hilsman as a member of the President's National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee.

References

1932 births
Living people
Military personnel from St. Louis
United States Military Academy alumni
United States Army personnel of the Vietnam War
Northeastern University alumni
United States Army generals
Recipients of the Defense Distinguished Service Medal
George H. W. Bush administration personnel
Pascal Saikaly. Pascal Elias Saikaly is a Lebanese professor of Environmental Science and Engineering.  He is best known for the use of omics for applied studies of microbiology in engineered and natural wastewater treatment systems, including bioelectrochemistry, membrane bioreactors, and granular sludge.

Saikaly collaborates with and leads teams of scientist and engineers who have developed novel approach to harvest electrical energy from wastewater while simultaneously producing useful byproducts. In particular, he combines advances from nanotechnology and materials research with advances from microbial ecology to develop devices to create bioelectricity. This work supports the long-term strategic efforts of the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology to research and commercialize alternative sources of energy. Saikaly's research addresses broader issues of importance in water-limited environments, including the use of seawater for toilet flushing.

Education 

Saikaly earned his B.S. and M.S. from the American University of Beirut.  In 2005, he completed his Ph.D. at the University of Cincinnati. From 2005 to 2007, he was completed postdoctoral studies at North Carolina State University. From 2008 to 2010, he was an assistant professor at the American University of Beirut. In 2010, he joined the faculty of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, where he is currently a full professor.

Bibliography 

Saikaly has more than 100 publications listed on Scopus that have been cited a total of more than 3000 times, giving him an h-index of more than 30. His most cited articles include:
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References

External links 

Google Scholar

Environmental scientists
Living people
University of Cincinnati alumni
Academic staff of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
Year of birth missing (living people)
IMAM Ro.26. The IMAM Ro.26, sometimes called the Romeo Ro.26, was a single-engine biplane trainer aircraft produced by the Italian aeronautical company IMAM in the early 1930s. Only one example was built.

Development

At the beginning of 1932, the Italian company SA Industrie Meccaniche e Aeronautiche Meridurali (IMAM) manufactured the Ro.26 biplane, a basic trainer aircraft based on a design by aeronautical engineer Giovanni Galasso. It was powered by a seven-cylinder,  Armstrong Siddeley Lynx radial engine, built under licence by Alfa Romeo as the Lince. IMAM intended to market the new aircraft for basic pilot training and use in aerobatic competitions. The Ro.26′s design also allowed it to serve as a trainer for seaplane pilots by converting into a floatplane as the Ro.26I — or Ro.26 Idro ("Hydro") — with the landing gear replaced by floats. The prototype, registered as I-ABIL, flew for the first time in 1932.

Design

The Ro.26 was a biplane trainer aircraft with equal-span wings with a slight upward cant. The wings and tail section were of all-wooden construction and covered with canvas. The fuselage was of all-metal construction, built with autogenously welded steel tubes.

The aircraft had fixed, wide-track rear tricycle landing gear with oil-elastic shock absorbers. A pair of floats could replace the landing gear in order to transform the aircraft into a floatplane. The open cockpits were arranged in tandem, with the instructor placed in the first cockpit, accessible from a door positioned on the right side of the fuselage. The pilot in the forward cockpit could engage and disengage the flight controls in flight at will.

The Alfa Romeo Lynx seven-cylinder, air-cooled engine was rated at  and drove a helical wooden two-bladed propeller that was  in diameter.

Operational history
At the beginning of 1934 the Regia Aeronautica (Italian Royal Air Force) tested the Ro.26 prototype I-ABIL. Although the aircraft displayed good flight characteristics, the military authorities decided not to buy it. IMAM abandoned plans for series production and built no additional examples.

Variants
Ro.26 Biplane basic trainer, powered by a  Alfa Romeo Lynx 7-cylinder radial engine.
Ro.26I
The floatplane version had a maximum speed of  and a stall speed of , and could climb to  in 3 minutes 20 seconds, to  in 7 minutes, to  in 13 minutes, to  in 21 minutes 30 seconds, and to  in 34 minutes. "I" stood for Idrovolanti ("seaplane").

Operators

IMAM

Specifications (Ro.26)

References

Notes

Bibliography

External links
Photo: Side view of Ro-26 I-ABIL at airwar.ru
Photo: Front view of Ro-26 I-ABIL at airwar.ru
Photo: Side view of Ro.26 I-ABIL equipped with floats in Ro-26I configuration at airwar.ru

Ro.26
1930s Italian civil trainer aircraft
1930s Italian military trainer aircraft
Biplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1932