omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Flying Whales. Flying Whales is a French aeronautic start-up developing an airship designed to be an environmentally-friendly solution for transporting heavy loads, such as wood logs or specific gear like wind-turbine blades, without ground-based infrastructure.

History 
Founded in 2012 by Sébastien Bougon, this project was initially dedicated to wood exploitation in partnership with the French organization in charge of public forest management, the Office National des Forêts (ONF).

The French government and the regional government of Nouvelle-Aquitaine have invested €90 million in the company, which as of May 2024 had not produced a single airship.  Originally announced for 2020, the company projects that the prototype will be ready in 2028.

After the Canadian federal government blocked Quebec's participation in the project due to this partial Chinese ownership of the company, Flying Whales organized a buyout of Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC)'s 25% stake in September 2021.

In July 2022, the company announced that it had raised 122 million euros to finalize the development of the LCA60T. Investors in this round include the Government of France via the French public investment bank Bpifrance, as part of the France 2030 program designed to revive the French industrial sector.The others investors are the Principality of Monaco with the Société Nationale de Financement, as well as Air Liquide's ALIAD venture capital fund, the Groupe ADP and Société Générale Assurances.

The LCA60T 
Conceived as a means of transport to open up certain regions inaccessible by road, the LCA60T could be sized as the largest aircraft in activity, with 200 meters long and 50 meters high, according to its CEO Sébastien Bougon.

References 

Aircraft manufacturers of France
Airships of France
French companies established in 2012
Suresnes
Michelle Pantoya. Michelle L. Pantoya is an American mechanical engineer who studies combustion of solid fuels, such as nanocomposites of thermite. She is also an author of children's books on engineering. She is the J.W. Wright Regents Endowed Chair Professor in Mechanical Engineering at Texas Tech University.

Education and career
Pantoya was a student at the University of California, Davis, where she earned a bachelor's degree in aeronautical engineering in 1992. After a summer internship at the Combustion Research Facility of the Sandia National Laboratory, she shifted her interests to mechanical engineering, continuing at Davis to earn a master's degree in 1994 and complete her Ph.D. in 1999. Her dissertation, Decomposition behaviors of energetic materials immersed in molten salt, was supervised by Benjamin Shaw.

She was a part-time faculty member at California State University, Sacramento before joining Texas Tech as an assistant professor in 2000. She was promoted to associate professor in 2005 and full professor in 2010, and named as J.W. Wright Regents Endowed Chair Professor in 2014.

Recognition
Pantoya was a 2004 winner of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers.

References

Further reading

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American mechanical engineers
American women engineers
University of California, Davis alumni
California State University, Sacramento faculty
Texas Tech University faculty
Recipients of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers
Stephen O'Connor (academic). Stephen O’Connor is a chartered professor of biomedical engineering at the School of Mathematics, Computer Science and Engineering, University of London. He is former President of the Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine (IPEM). He is also an Honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering.

References 

Biomedical engineers
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
International Code of Safety for Ships Using Gases or Other Low-flashpoint Fuels. The International Code of Safety for Ships Using Gases or Other Low-flashpoint Fuels, often referred and abbreviated as the IGF Code, is the International Maritime Organization (IMO) standard for the use of gases as a fuel in maritime transport.

The Code was adopted in June 2015. It entered into force on 1 January 2017.

Content and application

The IGF Code provides industry standards for ships that use fuels with a flashpoint of less than 60°C. The IGF Code seeks to regulate the safety changes from the carriage and use of gas fuel, in particular liquefied natural gas and other low-flashpoint fuels. These fuels are used in engines such as a Marine LNG Engine. The IGF Code sets out mandatory provisions for the arrangement, installation, control and monitoring of machinery, equipment and systems that use low-flashpoint fuels. It is organised according to a goal based approach.

The Code is enforced through the SOLAS Convention which was amended to require new ships using gases or other low-flashpoint fuels to comply with the IGF Code.

The Code introduced new training requirements for seafarers working onboard these ships. These included the development of new model training courses for IGF training.

IMO member States require ships to apply the IGF Code when applying under their flag. For example, Canada has requirements for vessels to comply with the mandatory provisions of the Code.

Recent Amendments
The Code has been amended several times to incorporate changes in technology and safety practices based on experience since the Code entered into force in 2017. Recent amendments to the Code include:

 In June 2017, fire safety regulations and bridge window design changes were adopted by the IMO. They entered info force on the 1st January 2020.

 In June 2019, the Code was amended to include changes for ship design and arrangements, including the fuel containment system, as well as other changes concerning power arrangements and fire safety regulations. These amendments will enter into force on 1st January 2024.

 In November 2020, the Code was amended to include amendments regarding tank cofferdams, fire-extinguishing systems and tensile tests for materials under the Code. These amendments will enter into force on 1st January 2024.

 In April 2022, the IMO adopted amendments changes relating to materials for cryogenic service. They are due to enter into force on 1st January 2026.

References

Maritime safety
Hamdy Doweidar. Hamdy Doweidar Taki El-Din Doweidar (PhD, DSc) was an Egyptian condensed matter physicist whose research topics included inorganic glasses, glass-ceramics, bio-active glasses, and structure-property correlations. He developed the Doweidar Model which is used to correlate density, thermal expansion coefficient, molar refraction, and refractive index with the concentration of structural units in numerous types of glass. Doweidar also obtained a patent with two researchers for the preparation of a biologically active glass ionomer cement as a dental filling, characterized by vital activity due to the presence of bioactive crystalline phases in the retina glass (such as apatite and fluoroapatite), which react with SBF simulating solution to precipitate layers of hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite. These represent the basic crystalline phases in the formation of bones and teeth. He was a Professor Emeritus at the Mansoura University.

Education and career 
Doweidar graduated from Assiut University in 1964 with a bachelor's in physics and chemistry, a master's in Physical chemistry from Cairo University in 1969, and a Ph.D. in applied physics from Bauhaus-Universität Weimar in 1974. Doweidar was a researcher at the National Research Centre from 1965 to 1975 and became an associate professor at Mansoura University until 1986, when he became a Distinguished Professor. In 1977, Doweidar found the Glass Research Laboratory at the Mansoura University. He was a visiting professor at the École Normale Supérieure in Algeria from 1980 to 1984, and at the Sanaa University in Yemen from 1990 to 1994.

Recognition 
Doweidar has received the Award of Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (Promotional State-Prize in Physics), Cairo in 1999, the Mansoura University Award (Distinction Prize in Physics) in 2000, and the Scopus Award for contribution to materials Science, presented from Elsevier and the Egyptian Ministry of High Education in 2008. He has over 120 peer-reviewed publications in international journals and was named one of the world's top 2% most cited scientists by Stanford University in 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, and 2023.

References 

Academic staff of Mansoura University
Cairo University alumni
Bauhaus University, Weimar alumni
Assiut University alumni
Condensed matter physicists
20th-century physicists
Egyptian physicists
Christine Orme. Christine A. Orme is an American physicist who studies the growth and decay of materials at surfaces, especially focusing on biomineralization. She is a Senior Staff Scientist at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, working in the  	
BioNanomaterials Group of the Physical and Life Sciences Directorate.

Education and career
Orme majored in physics at the University of California, Berkeley, graduating in 1986. She completed her Ph.D. in 1995 at the University of Michigan, working there with Bradford Orr.

After completing her Ph.D. she became a postdoctoral researcher at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and continued there as a staff researcher.

Recognition
Orme was a 2002 winner of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers. She was elected as a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS) in 2009, after a nomination from the APS Division of Materials Physics, "for her outstanding contributions in understanding the fundamental physics of crystallization and materials assembly with application to biomineralizaion, biomimetic synthesis, and shape control of nanostructures". In 2010 she was given the Department of Energy Outstanding Mentor Award.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American physicists
American women physicists
University of California, Berkeley alumni
University of Michigan alumni
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory staff
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Recipients of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers
Arpad Nadai. Arpád Ludwig Nádai (3 April 1883 – 18 July 1963) was a Hungarian-born academic who was a professor of mechanics.

Early life and career
Nadai was born in Budapest, Hungary. He attended the University of Budapest for his undergraduate education. For doctorate, he went to Germany and studied at the Technische Hochschule in Charlottenburg (now Technische Universität Berlin).

After he finished his education, in 1918, he joined University of Göttingen on a professorial position and later became head of the applied mechanics laboratory.

In 1952, he received Bingham Medal for his work.

In 1975, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) established an award, Nadai Medal, named after him.

Publications
 Theory of flow and fracture of solids and Plasticity; a mechanics of the plastic state of matter

Awards
 Bingham Medal (1952)
 Worcester Reed Medal
 Timoshenko Medal
 Elliott Cresson Medal

References

1883 births
1963 deaths
Hungarian academics
Hungarian emigrants to the United States
People from Budapest
Academic staff of the University of Göttingen
Technische Universität Berlin alumni
Wonhoe-class offshore patrol vessel. The Wonhae class are a series of six offshore patrol vessels being built for the Philippine Navy by Hyundai Heavy Industries (HHI) at its Ulsan shipyard in South Korea. The last will be completed in 2028.

NOTE: The name Wonhae 원해 is provisional, as it is a Korean language term with the meaning "deep waters".

Design
The ships will be:
 2,400 tonnes
 94.4 metres long
 14.3 meters wide
maximum speed 
 cruising speed of 
 cruising range

Armament and systems
The OPVs will have:
 a 76mm main gun
 two 30mm secondary guns
 a helideck capable of operating a helicopter and unmanned aerial vehicles.

Contract signing
The contracts worth (KRW)744.9 billion Won (US$573.8 million) were signed at the Philippine Department of National Defense in Manila on 28 June 2022, in the presence of Philippine Defense Secretary Delfin N. Lorenzana, Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines General Andres Centino, Philippine Navy Vice Commander Caesar Bernard N. Valencia, Korea Shipbuilding and Offshore Engineering (KSOE) President Ka Sam-hyun, HHI Naval & Special Ship Business Unit Chief Operating Officer Nam Sang-hoon and Ambassador of the Republic of Korea to the Philippines Kim In-chul.

References

Philippine Navy
Ships of the Philippine Navy
Elena Simperl. Elena Simperl FBCS FRSA (born May 1978) is professor of computer science in the Department of Informatics at King's College London  and the Director of Research of the Open Data Institute.

Biography 
She trained as a computer scientist at the Technical University of Munich and completed a PhD in knowledge engineering (Dr rer nat) at the Free University Berlin in 2007. She is best known for her work in human-machine collectives, with applications to crowdsourcing, citizen science, knowledge communities, and human data interaction, and for her leadership in data-driven innovation and data policy. According to AMiner, she is in the top 100 most influential scholars in knowledge engineering of the last decade, as well as in the Women in AI 2000 ranking.

Career
Simperl is a fellow of the British Computer Society and of the Royal Society of Arts, President of the Semantic Web Science Association and a former Turing Fellow.

She is also a recipient of the Siemens' Hans Fischer Senior Fellowship at the Technical University of Munich, working on safe and trusted AI with knowledge graphs.

Simperl serves as scientific advisor of data.europa.eu, Europe's flagship initiative in opening up public sector datasets for wider use. She co-chairs the MLCommons task force on standardising metadata for machine learning datasets.

She was the director of Data Pitch, a data innovation programme helping start-ups solve societal challenges through shared data and also the director of Open Data Incubator for Europe (ODINE). which supported start-ups in generating value from open data.

References

1978 births
Living people
Fellows of the British Computer Society
Technical University of Munich alumni
Free University of Berlin alumni
Academics of King's College London
British women computer scientists
Knowledge engineering researchers
Heinz Lienhard. Heinz Lienhard (18 June 1937 – 12 May 2020) was a Swiss electrical engineer and an inventor. He was inventor of current measuring equipment and developer of the programming language PORTAL.

Life 
Heinz Lienhard graduated in electrical engineering at the Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich (ETH Zurich) in 1961. He started his professional career at Contraves-Oerlikon, a Swiss weapons manufacturer. There, a digital computer had been developed. Lienhard joined this company to write programs for the computer, called CORA 1. Then, he moved to the US to work for AMPEX in Redwood City, California, where he did research on magnetic thin-film memories. Simultaneously, he studied statistics at Stanford University, where he obtained a Master of Science degree. After moving back to Switzerland, he joined Landis+Gyr, a Swiss company based in Zug. With his team at the central laboratories he developed metering equipment for electric utilities and debit cards for phone companies based on holography, called Phonocards.

Starting in 1974, he conceived a new programming language based on Pascal. Together with his colleague Rudolf Schild, he optimized Pascal for real-time applications and multi-processor systems. Their resulting language was called Process-Oriented Real-Time Algorithmic Language (Portal). Together with the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, an application for the Bobst Group was implemented.

In 1993, Lienhard founded the company Ivyteam AG in Zug. Ivyteam was specialized to model business processes.

References 

20th-century Swiss engineers
ETH Zurich alumni
1937 births
2020 deaths
Jodhpur Ring Road. The Jodhpur Ring Road is a road project aimed at connecting the highways surrounding the cities of  Jaipur, Nagaur, Jaisalmer, Barmer and Pali in the state of Rajasthan, India.

Construction 
In January 2019, the Minister of Road Transport and Highways Nitin Gadkari and Minister of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation Gajendra Singh Shekhawat laid the foundation stones for the Jodhpur Ring Road. Work stalled in January 2021 due to financial constraints. In September 2021, the NHAI invited bids for Package II of designed length of 30 km which was further awarded to OSS Construction in JV with Spetsdorstroy LLC. Work resumed in April 2022, with a new contractor for the first phase of 45 km; the tender for the second phase of 30 km was also awarded.

References 

Roads in Rajasthan
Transport in Jodhpur
Ring roads in India
International Code of the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk. The International Code of the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk, often referred and abbreviated as the IGC Code, is the International Maritime Organization (IMO) standard concerning the cargo carriage of liquefied gases in maritime transport. The Code covers gases carried by gas carriers at sea and cargoes include liquefied natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas.

Content and application
The IGC Code is mandatory under the SOLAS Convention, specifically Chapter VII. It applies to ships carrying liquefied gases with the characteristics described in the Code (listed in Chapter 19 of the 2016 edition) and has been in force since 1 July 1986.

Prior to 1986, older gas carriers constructed prior to 1 July 1986 comply with the requirements of the older Code for the Construction Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC Code) and the Code for Existing Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (EGC Code).

The Code includes design and construction standards, and equipment requirements. The Code also covers technical subjects such as cargo tanks and cargo containment, ship arrangements, pressure vessels, vapour and pressure piping systems, materials, controls and instrumentation, venting, fire protection, filling limits and other special requirements. The Code also sets out requirements for emergency shutdown (ESD) systems for when liquefied gas cargoes are carried in bulk.

Section 4.1 of the IGC Code defines several types of tanks that can carry liquefied gases. These include independent tanks (of which there are three types, A, B and C), membrane tanks, integral tanks and semi-membrane tanks.

Updates
In 2008, a new industry group met to decide how to revise the Code. Updates were adopted to the Code at MSC 93 in May 2014. The Code was extensively updated on 1 January 2016 under IMO Resolution MSC.370(93). Other recent amendments include:

 New ship and fire integrity arrangements, adopted in November 2016 and entered into force on 1 January 2020. These relate to window fire-rating requirements on gas carriers.
 A revised model form of certification (known as the Certificate of Fitness), adopted in May 2018 and entered into force on 1 January 2020.
 Amendments to include new requirements on watertight doors on gas carriers, due to enter into force on 1 July 2024.

References

Maritime safety
International Maritime Organization
Steven M. Cron. Steven M. Cron is a retired Michelin product research engineer and co-inventor of the Tweel. 

Cron began his engineering education with a BS Mechanical Engineering degree from the University of Missouri-Columbia in 1984.  In 1985, he completed an MS degree in aeronautical engineering from the U. S. Air Force Institute of Technology at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. He then continued with the Air Force for 6 years as a project engineer working on ICBMs and as an instructor of Engineering Mechanics at the US Air Force Academy.  He began his career at Michelin in 1991 as a research engineer.  He had initial assignments in the area of tire vibrations, specifically damped modal analysis of pneumatic tires via the finite element method.  

He began work on airless tire technology as early as 1997, with work on the Tweel occurring over the period 2000-2009.  Although other airless tire concepts have been studied or attempted in the past, none has achieved the commercial success of the Tweel, which is based on the framework and approach pioneered by Cron and co-inventor Timothy B. Rhyne. 

In 2018, Cron received the Harold Herzlich Distinguished Technology award.  At the time, Cron said that work on the Tweel began informally, starting with the idea that the load of the vehicle should be carried in the tire structure by means of tension, as happens in a traditional pneumatic tire.  After realizing that cord tension carried via the sidewall would not work with zero inflation pressure, a successful experiment with polyurethane spokes lead to the basic Tweel design.  

In 2021, Cron and co-inventor Timothy B. Rhyne were jointly awarded the Charles Goodyear Medal, the highest honor conferred by the American Chemical Society, Rubber Division.  It was the first time that the award was given jointly.

References

Polymer scientists and engineers
Tire industry people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
University of Missouri alumni
Air Force Institute of Technology alumni
Living people
Michelin people
Dock Branch Park. Dock Branch Park is a public park which is due to be built in Birkenhead, Merseyside, England. The idea for the park came from Wirral Council's long–term vision for the development of Birkenhead, known as the Birkenhead 2040 Framework. As part of this framework, the council hoped to create more parks and green spaces for the public. The project runs through a community with limited access to green space, scoring among the lowest on the national Fields in Trust Green Space Index.

The park will stretch from Bidston Dock to Rock Ferry, utilising land that was previously occupied by the Birkenhead Dock Branch railway line. The railway line was created in 1847 but with the decline of the docks and rail freight traffic it has been disused since 1993.

Initial phases costing around £13 million, the park will eventually be over a mile long and will cover 30 hectares of land. It is hoped that the park will provide a pedestrian and cycle–friendly route as well as catalysing development land for 1,000 homes, a new outdoor music venue for Future Yard and linking with an enhanced Wirral Transport Museum.

Clearance work on the site began in May 2022 with completion estimated to be in early 2027.

See also
Birkenhead Park

References

Parks and commons in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral
Birkenhead
Urban public parks