omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Creeper and Reaper. Creeper was the first computer worm, while Reaper was the first antivirus software, designed to eliminate Creeper.

Creeper

Creeper was an experimental computer program written by Bob Thomas at BBN in 1971. Its original iteration was designed to move between DEC PDP-10 mainframe computers running the TENEX operating system using the ARPANET, with a later version by Ray Tomlinson designed to copy itself between computers rather than simply move. This self-replicating version of Creeper is generally accepted to be the first computer worm. Creeper was a test created to demonstrate the possibility of a self-replicating computer program that could spread to other computers.

The program was not actively malicious software as it caused no damage to data, the only effect being a message it output to the teletype reading "I'M THE CREEPER : CATCH ME IF YOU CAN"

Impact 
Creeper had a minimal impact on the computers it infected. No more than 28 machines could have been infected, as that was the number of machines running the TENEX operating system on ARPANET. The operators of the machines were also collaborators in the project, and Tomlinson needed permission to run the program on their machines. In an interview, Tomlinson also stated that there were no unintended effects from running the program.

Reaper

Reaper was the first anti-virus software, designed to delete Creeper by moving across the ARPANET. It was created by Tomlinson in 1972.

Cultural impact
The conflict between Creeper and Reaper served as inspiration for the programming game Core War, while fictionalized versions of Reaper have been used as antagonists in the anime Digimon Tamers and the visual novel Digital: A Love Story. A humanized Creeper has also appeared in the webcomic Internet Explorer, alongside the likewise personified Morris Worm.

References 

ARPANET
Computer worms
1971 software
We Think, Therefore We Are. We Think, Therefore We Are (2009) is a science fiction anthology of new short stories edited by Peter Crowther, the sixth in his themed science fiction anthology series for DAW Books. The main topic of the fifteen stories in the book is artificial intelligence. The introduction is written by Paul McAuley.

The stories are as follows:

Stephen Baxter: "Tempest 43"
Brian Stableford: "The Highway Code"
Eric Brown: "Salvage Rites"
James Lovegrove: "The Kamikaze Code"
Adam Roberts: "Adam Robots"
Tony Ballantyne: "Seeds"
Steven Utley: "Lost Places of the Earth"
Marly Youmans: "The Chinese Room"
Robert Reed: "Three Princesses"
Paul Di Filippo: "The New Cyberiad"
Patrick O'Leary: "That Laugh"
Garry Kilworth: "Alles in Ordnung"
Keith Brooke: "Sweats"
Ian Watson: "Some Fast Thinking Needed"
Chris Roberson: "Dragon King of the Eastern Sea"

References

2009 anthologies
Peter Crowther DAW anthologies
Fantasy anthologies
DAW Books books
Videndum. Videndum plc is a manufacturer of hardware and software for the film industry founded in 1910 and based in Richmond, London. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange.

History
The business was established by William Vinten when he started manufacturing Kinemacolor projectors for Charles Urban in 1909. The company, trading as W. Vinten Cinematograph Engineers, was formed in 1910 and was originally based at 89-91 Wardour Street, London.

In 1914, the company workshops were taken over by the government and William Vinten was invited by Sopwith at Kingston upon Thames to work alongside staff at its aeroplane factory. This led in 1915 to an invitation by the Royal Flying Corps for Vinten to design and build the Model B, a special cine camera for use in aircraft.

In 1928 the company expanded and moved to Cricklewood, North London, mainly supplying the film industry by creating specialised equipment for companies such as Kodak.

The Second World War created an increased requirement for reconnaissance cameras and the company secured military contracts which gave it world market presence for reconnaissance work.

In the late 1940s the broadcast market began to flourish and the company developed the first telerecording camera. As a result the British Broadcasting Corporation became increasingly involved with Vinten. The BBC became the world benchmark for which Vinten adapted many of its original film camera supports creating equipment more suitable for television cameras.

In 1964 Vinten moved to Bury St Edmunds in Suffolk. In 1972, the company was floated on the London Stock Exchange.

In the early 1980s the company worked in partnership with the BBC to develop pedestals, tripods and other equipment for use in its news studios.

In 1988 Vinten split into two separate entities, W Vinten Ltd (which became Thales Optronics), focused solely on reconnaissance equipment, and Vinten Broadcast, focussed on broadcast mounting equipment.

From 1989 the company began a series of acquisitions: Manfrotto (1989), Bexel (1991), Gitzo (1992), Bogen Imaging (1993), TSM Inc [known for its AutoCam product range] (1993), Sachtler (1995), OConnor (2003).

Vinten Group plc changed its name to Vitec Group plc in 1995.

Following the acquisition of Radamec in 2003 a new brand Vinten Radamec was created to take over the manufacture of robotic camera support products.

In April 2021, Vitec acquired Quasar Science, a linear LED tube manufacturer.

In May 2022, the company changed its name to Videndum plc. Vinten continues to exist as one of the group's brands.

Operations
The company's main brands include:

Anton/Bauer
Gitzo
Litepanels
Manfrotto
Quasar Science
Sachtler
SmallHD
Teradek
Vinten

References

Further reading
 The Vinten Story (German) Fernsehmuseum Wiesbaden
 
Aircraft component manufacturers of the United Kingdom
Manufacturing companies of the United Kingdom
Companies based in Suffolk
DSB class P. The class P was a series of steam locomotives of the Danish State Railways, designed by chief mechanical engineer O.F.A. Busse and introduced in 1907. With a wheel arrangement of 4-4-2 (2'B1 in UIC classification), they were well suited to express trains, and were the first steam locomotives in Denmark heavier than 100 tons. They saw service on most DSB main lines, but were at their best on the relatively level Copenhagen to Korsør and Fredericia to Esbjerg services. 

Due to shortages of powerful locomotives with low axle load during World War II, seven of the class P locomotives were rebuilt to a 4-6-2 arrangement and designated class PR, starting in 1943. Two of the class P locomotives have been preserved, as well as one unit of class PR.

References

External links

 DSB litra P (II) at Jernbanen.dk

4-4-2 locomotives
P 901
Steam locomotives of Denmark
Railway locomotives introduced in 1907
Hanomag locomotives
Berliner locomotives
Passenger locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Denmark
Iskra-1030. The Iskra 1030 () was an Intel 8086 compatible personal computer produced in the USSR. It was designed by Elektronmash () in Leningrad. The main manufacturers were the Iskra factory () in Smolensk and the Shchyotmash factory () in Kursk. The model line consisted of Iskra 1030.11 (basic), Iskra 1030М (modified), Iskra 1031, and Iskra 3104.

Specification 
The Iskra 1030M produced from 1989 comprised:

 CPU: K1810VM86 (, Intel 8086 clone), 4.77 MHz
 RAM: 640 KB
 Display: color CGA compatible
 Floppy disk drive: 1×720 KB
 Hard disk drive: 20 MB
 Operating system: ADOS (; Russian DOS, compatible with MS-DOS/PC DOS 2.x and 3.x), MS-DOS, CP/M-86
 Release Date: 1989

Software 
The computer was shipped with ADOS, a Russian version of MS-DOS/PC DOS 2.x and 3.x, a BASIC interpreter, the special language and interpreter for accounting calculations YAMB (), the text editor R1. The operating system used the main code page, hardwired into the display ROM; it was compatible neither with CP 866 nor CP 855, although partially with ISO/IEC 8859-5.

See also 
 ES PEVM

External links 
 Sergei Frolov's Soviet Digital Electronics Museum
 Iskra 1030.11
 Iskra 1030M
 Iskra 1031
  Iskra 1030 (PC Museum)

References

Personal computers
Soviet computer systems
Computer-related introductions in 1989
Schwartzkopff. Schwartzkopff may refer to:

Schwartzkopff-Eckhardt II bogie, a mechanical device
L. Schwartzkopff, a German locomotive manufacturer, later Berliner Maschinenbau AG
Schwartzkopff torpedo, a series of torpedoes in use at least 1873-1900, made by Berliner Maschinenbau AG

People with the surname
Louis Victor Robert Schwartzkopff (1825–1892), German businessman

See also
Schwarzkopf (disambiguation)
Maser (rocket). MASER is a sounding rocket that is used in the MASER microgravity research rocket programme, operated by the Swedish Space Corporation (SSC). The main customer is the European Space Agency (ESA), particularly the EMIR and ELIPS programmes. MASER stands for "MAterials Science Experiment Rocket".

The launches take place at Esrange in Northern Sweden. Throughout its sub-orbital flight, the programme offers 6–7 minutes of microgravity aboard the rocket and full recovery of experimental modules with helicopter immediately after flight.

Missions

Biological scientific endeavors 
As humans subjected to weightlessness or microgravity undergo physiological changes, there is an increasing interest in biological research. Aside from the material science aspect being investigated aboard the MASER13-15 rockets, biological modules aim to fulfill this purpose and elucidate this side of space-related research.

See also

 Maxus
 Texus
 Rexus/Bexus
 Esrange
 Swedish Space Corporation
 European Space Agency
 Sub-orbital spaceflight
 Weightlessness

References

 
 

Sounding rockets of Sweden
Space programme of Sweden
Submarine Rescue Diving Recompression System. The Submarine Rescue Diving Recompression System (SRDRS) is a remotely operated underwater vehicle and its associated systems intended to replace the Mystic class deep submergence rescue vehicle as a means of rescuing United States Navy submarine crew members. Based on the Royal Australian Navy Submarine rescue vehicle Remora, the system is capable of rapidly deploying to a designated location, mounting to a vessel of opportunity, detecting and preparing the area around a downed submarine and submerging to depths of up to  to retrieve members of its crew. The SRDRS then allows for the decompression of the crew.

References

External links
PRM Falcon on the International Submarine Escape and Rescue Liaison Office website.

Deep-submergence rescue vehicles
BrightBuilt Barn. BrightBuilt Barn is a Net Zero, LEED Platinum home in Rockport, Maine, completed in 2008 to demonstrate certain principles of sustainable building design and construction. It was named the Most Innovative Home Project of the Year by the U.S. Green Building Council and was featured in The New York Times, and a short documentary film. It is the subject of a 10-year retrospective review in the upcoming Northeast Sustainable Energy Association annual meeting in March 2018.

The project's goals were to demonstrate the principles of sustainable building for future structures and to bring together a critical mass of green designers and builders to help create an "ecosystem" of green buildings in Maine, modeled on the ecosystem of technology start-ups in Silicon Valley.

Features 
The Barn was superinsulated and solar-powered. An array of photovoltaic solar panels on the south-facing roof creates electricity for lighting, the solar hot water system pump, and the backup heat pump. The solar panels create enough excess energy to power both the Barn and other homes on the property. The Barn used LED lighting. The Barn feeds electricity into the local grid on sunny days and draws electricity from the grid at night.

References

External links 
 
 BrightBuilt Barn – Kaplan Thompson Architects

Buildings and structures completed in 2008
Buildings and structures in Knox County, Maine
2008 establishments in Maine
Rockport, Maine
GraphPad Software. GraphPad Software Inc. was a privately held software development corporation until its acquisition by Insight Partners in 2017.   The company was named Insightful Science, which itself merged with Dotmatics in 2021. The original software was written by Harvey Motulsky in 1989 and it was co-founded by Motulsky and Earl Beutler. The company operates in California. Its products include the 2D scientific graphing, biostatistics, curve fitting software GraphPad Prism and the free, web-based statistical calculation software, GraphPad QuickCalcs.

GraphPad Prism 

GraphPad Prism is a commercial scientific 2D graphing and statistics software for Windows and Mac OS desktop computers. Software features include nonlinear regression, with functionalities including the removal of outliers, comparisons of models, comparisons of curves, and interpolation of standard curves. The software allows the automatic updating of results and graphs, and has functionality for displaying error bars. Features for usability include built in formulae, batch processing and standardisation features, along with automated analysis and data validation.

References

Software companies based in California
Companies based in San Diego
Defunct software companies of the United States
Kenneth H. Hunt. Kenneth Henderson Hunt (1920–2002) was Foundation Professor of Engineering at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia and an expert in kinematics.

Hunt was born in Seaford, East Sussex, in the United Kingdom, on 7 June 1920. He studied engineering at Balliol College, Oxford University and, during World War II, served in the Royal Engineers. After the war, he worked in the oil industry until 1949, when he took a lecturership at the University of Melbourne. He moved to Monash in 1960, at which time he was appointed Foundation Professor, and was dean of engineering there from 1961 to 1975. He is the author of Mechanisms and Motion (1959) and Kinematic Geometry of Mechanisms (1978).

References
HUNT Kenneth Henderson 7 June 1920 – 21 August 2002, Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering.
.
.
Foundation Deans: Kenneth Hunt, Monash University.

Further reading

Kinematics
Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford
Academic staff of the University of Melbourne
Engineers from Melbourne
People from Seaford, East Sussex
1920 births
2002 deaths
British emigrants to Australia
Military personnel from East Sussex
Royal Engineers soldiers
British Army personnel of World War II
HyperNEAT. Hypercube-based NEAT, or HyperNEAT, is a generative encoding that evolves artificial neural networks (ANNs) with the principles of the widely used NeuroEvolution of Augmented Topologies (NEAT) algorithm developed by Kenneth Stanley. It is a novel technique for evolving large-scale neural networks using the geometric regularities of the task domain. It uses Compositional Pattern Producing Networks  (CPPNs), which are used to generate the images for Picbreeder.org  and shapes for EndlessForms.com . HyperNEAT has recently been extended to also evolve plastic ANNs  and to evolve the location of every neuron in the network.

Applications to date 

 Multi-agent learning
 Checkers board evaluation
 Controlling Legged Robotsvideo
 Comparing Generative vs. Direct Encodings
 Investigating the Evolution of Modular Neural Networks
 Evolving Objects that can be 3D-printed
 Evolving the Neural Geometry and Plasticity of an ANN

References

External links
HyperNEAT Users Page
Ken Stanley's website
"Evolutionary Complexity Research Group at UCF"
NEAT Project Homepage
PicBreeder.org  
EndlessForms.com 
BEACON Blog: What is neuroevolution?

Evolutionary algorithms and artificial neuronal networks
Evolutionary computation
Genetic algorithms
Orion (system-on-a-chip). Orion is a system-on-a-chip manufactured by Marvell Technology Group and used in network-attached storage.  Based on the ARMv5TE architecture, it has on-chip support for Ethernet, SATA and USB, and is used in hardware made by Hewlett-Packard and D-Link among others. It is supported by the Lenny release of Debian GNU/Linux.

References

ARM-based systems on chips
Electronic design
Microtechnology
Network-attached storage
System on a chip
Scholte wave. A Scholte wave is a surface wave (interface wave) propagating at an interface between a fluid and an elastic solid medium (such as an interface between water and sand). The wave is of maximum intensity at the interface and decreases exponentially away from the interface into both the fluid and the solid medium.  It is named after J. G. Scholte, who discovered it in 1947. This wave is similar to a Stoneley wave, which propagates at a solid-solid interface, and a Rayleigh wave, which propagates at a vacuum-solid interface.

References

Surface waves
Ziegeleisee. Ziegeleisee is a lake in Berlin, Germany. At an elevation of 35 m, its surface area is 4.7 ha.

History
During the Bronze Age - more than 3,000 years ago - clay was mined in the area of loam in order to produce pots and jars. Starting in 1840 the Kühnsche brickyard was extended by a clay and cement products factory. Following the bankruptcy of 1880, the factory building of 1883 was up until the 1960s as a day-and-garden "Seeschloß" used with dance hall and bowling alley. Today, no traces of the factory are found.

Another brickyard was built 1854th. It was modern and bigger and had a more effective ring oven which can have up to 12,000 burnt bricks daily. The brickyard was in operation until 1924. The 72 m high chimney was blown in 1932. A time to plant belonging building still stands in the Beneke Dorff Road 115, which is named after the former mill owners.

Famous buildings, which were built from the bricks of the local brickworks, are the Red City Hall and the City Hall Reinickendorfer.

By 1912, a lake was eventually created by the slow flow of groundwater. It was 30 to 40 m deep. Other witnessed the two flooded former clay pits (about 50 × 50 × 50 m and 150 m). They are located west, 500 meters away. Several surrounding street names also reminiscent of the clay mining.

Geography
The lake is located in Lübars, a locality belonging to the Berliner borough of Reinickendorf.

The shape of the lake resembles a trapezoid (geometry) from the well Südsüdostufer 300 m long, which is followed by the east at a right angle, a 150 m long beach and under which a 200 m long beach faces parallel. In the north-north-east is a well 200 m long beach, the final oblique side of the "trapezoid".

In the southern part of the bank overgrown with reeds and trees, steep and inaccessible and can not be swum. In the northern part, the banks are flat and occupied by 1926 built pool Lübars (lido Lübars). There are lawn, kept sandy beach and a few artificially fixed portions. The managed pool has basic facilities to bars, beach chair rentals and various sports and play facilities and the designated naturist area. The lake is accessible only through the pool.

There is an inflow about 75 meters away and about 4 to 5 acre lake Hermsdorfer. This in turn flows through the Tegeler Fliess, which ultimately results in Lake Tegel.

References

External links
 bathing water profile Ziegeleisee - European Swimming pool Lübars, description of the State Office for Health and Social Affairs
 Berlin.de results of the hydrographic survey of the goat Leisees in the waters Atlas of Berlin
 school on four Rutenberg - Project Group clay, water, sand - and the history of the Brickyard Lübarser goat Leisees (no free access)
 [. http://www.berliner-kurier.de/archiv/erfrischung-im-ziegeleisee, 8259702.7778530 HTML Berliner Kurier (4 July 1999) - refreshment Ziegeleisee] (bricks for the Red City Hall)

Lakes of Berlin
Reinickendorf
Elswick Ordnance Company. The Elswick Ordnance Company (sometimes referred to as Elswick Ordnance Works, but usually as "EOC") was a British armaments manufacturing company of the late 19th and early 20th century

History
Originally created in 1859 to separate William Armstrong's armaments business from his other business interests, to avoid a conflict of interest as Armstrong was then Engineer of Rifled Ordnance for the War Office and the company's main customer was the British Government. Armstrong held no financial interest in the company until 1864 when he left Government service, and Elswick Ordnance was re-united with the main Armstrong businesses to form Sir W.G. Armstrong & Company. EOC was then the armaments branch of W.G. Armstrong & Company and later of Armstrong Whitworth.

EOC's main customer in its early years was the British Government, but the Government abandoned "Armstrong guns" in the mid-1860s due to dissatisfaction with Armstrong's breech mechanism, and instead built its own rifled muzzle-loaders at Woolwich Arsenal ("Woolwich guns") until 1880. This forced EOC to survive on export orders for both muzzle-loaders and breech-loaders until the 1880s when the British Government again began buying guns from EOC, this time rifled breech-loaders with more robust interrupted screw breech mechanisms such as the de Bange system and its successors.

Elswick Ordnance was a major arms developer before and during World War I. The ordnance and ammunition it manufactured for the British Government were stamped EOC, while guns made for export were usually marked "W.G. Armstrong".

See also
J.R. Perrett

Bibliography

External links

http://oldbritishguns.com/elswick-ordnance-co

 
Defence companies of the United Kingdom
Scotswood
Borkener See. Borkener See is an artificial lake in West Hesse Depression, Hesse, Germany. At an elevation of , its surface area is . Created by the mining of lignite coal, the lake is nutrient-poor and slightly basic in pH. The lake and its surrounding area are a habitat of "particular importance as a rest area for water birds and wading birds" and are protected as part of a nature preserve that spans 350 hectares.

References

Lakes of Hesse
Borken, Hesse
Bleibtreusee. Bleibtreusee is an  artificial lake on the grounds of the former open-pit lignite mine in Rhein-Erft-Kreis, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. At an elevation of its surface area is 74.2 ha. North of Bleibtreusee, there is an electricity pylon, which carried from 1977 to 2010 an observation deck.

Lakes of North Rhine-Westphalia