omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Mingming Wu. Mingming Wu is  a professor at Cornell University within the Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, and associate editor of Physical Biology.

Academic career
She earned a bachelor's of science degree from Nanjing University in 1984, and completed a doctorate from Ohio State University in 1992. Wu split her post doctoral research between École Polytechnique and the University of California, Santa Barbara, before beginning her teaching career at Occidental College. She joined the Cornell University faculty in 2003. Wu was named a fellow of the American Physical Society in 2016.

Research
Wu's current work focuses on discovering fundamental principles with which nature use to interact with the environment, in particular, how physical forces regulate cell migration. She is known for developing micro-scale tools controlling cellular environment, and use them to solve contemporary problems in health (tumor invasion and development) and environment (algal blooms).

Wu researched the interactions between cancer cells and the fibrous extracellular matrix surrounding them.
Wu also worked on a study investigating the diversity of cancer cells with statistical modeling methods.

References

External links

 
  

Fellows of the American Physical Society
Nanjing University alumni
Ohio State University alumni
Cornell University faculty
Occidental College faculty
Data Transfer Project. The Data Transfer Project (DTP) is an open-source initiative which features data portability between multiple online platforms. The project was launched and introduced by Google on July 20, 2018, and has currently partnered with Facebook, Microsoft, Twitter, and Apple.

Background 
The project was formed by the Google Data Liberation Front in 2017, hoping to provide a platform that could allow individuals to move their online data between different platforms, without the need of downloading and re-uploading data. The ecosystem is achieved by extracting different files through various available APIs released by online platforms and translating such codes so that it could be compatible with other platforms. Similarly, the Data Transfer Project is currently being used as a part of Google Takeout and a similar program in Facebook (called "Access your information"), allowing the two personal data downloading services to be compatible with each other. This allows data to be easily transferred from the two platforms.

On July 20, 2018, the joint project was announced. The source code, which has been uploaded to GitHub, was mainly written by Google and Microsoft's engineers.

On July 30, 2019, Apple announced that it will be joining the project, allowing data portability in iCloud.

Implementations 

On December 2, 2019, Facebook announced the ability for users to transfer photos and videos to Google Photos, originally available only in a select few countries. This expanded over the following months, and on June 4, 2020, Facebook announced full global availability of this feature.

See more 
 Data portability
 Google Takeout

References

External links 
 
 

Google
Internet properties established in 2018
Free network-related software
Interoperability
Brook Stream (New Zealand). Brook Stream, or Waimarama, is a major tributary of the Maitai / Mahitahi River in Nelson, South Island, New Zealand.

Nelson's first water scheme was on Brook Stream, with a weir and pipeline constructed in 1867 in what is now the Brook Waimarama Sanctuary. Demand began to exceed supply, and a second weir was constructed to create the Top Dam in 1909. By the 1930s it was insufficient for Nelson's growing population. The Roding River waterworks scheme was completed in 1941 and an intake on the Maitai Mahitahi South Branch completed in 1963.  The Brook Dam was decommissioned in 2000.

Restoration of Brook Stream, and waterways in the Maitai catchment, has been a major focus of Project Maitai, a Nelson City Council initiative to improve the health of the Maitai River and all its tributaries.

References

Rivers of the Nelson Region
Rivers of New Zealand
Terrestrial Energy. Terrestrial Energy is a Canadian nuclear technology company working on Generation IV nuclear technology. It expects to produce cost-competitive, high-temperature thermal energy with zero emissions.  
The company is developing a 195 MWe Integral Molten Salt Reactor (IMSR) design and completed its Pre-Licensing Vendor Design Review in 2023 with the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission.

The IMSR uses molten salt reactor technology and is one example of a small modular reactor (SMR) characteristic of Generation IV nuclear reactor designs. 

Terrestrial Energy claims two principal advantages over legacy nuclear power plants. First, construction is meant to take 4 years, versus 8-12 for legacy designs. Second, the Terrestrial Energy IMSR plant can be used to generate either electricity or industrial steam.

Relative to other Generation IV designs, Terrestrial Energy’s IMSR uses no unproven engineering concepts, instead leveraging proven technologies in a unique way. This is meant to reduce licensing and timeline risks that have slowed the adoption of other approaches.

History 
Alberta, Ontario, New Brunswick and Saskatchewan began jointly working to advance SMR  in April 2021. https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2022/08/terrestrial-energy-and-alberta-commercializing-smr-reactor.html

Design 
The plant is designed for industrial cogeneration as well as power generation. 

The reactor uses molten salt/uranium blend as both fuel and coolant.

References

External links
 Terrestrial Energy | Leading the Way to a Bright Energy Future | 4th Generation Nuclear Power Official website

Nuclear technology companies of the United States
Tumurtei-Khandgait mine railroad. The Tumurtei-Khandgait mine railroad is a  long broad gauge railway line with a gauge of  for the transport of iron ore in the area of Darchan-Selenge in Mongolia.

History  
The railway line was built in 2015–2016 with three loading and unloading terminals and railway stations. The signal systems and level crossings are equipped with the latest technology. The track was financed by the mining company QSC under a concession agreement. It was built by "Mongolian Railway Corporation" LLC with main sub contractor the Mongolian “Peak Development” LLC in collaboration with the Mongolian “Khutul Ceramzit” LLC, “Maximal” LLC and “Ulaanbaatar Railway” JSC. It was handed over to the Mongolian State Railways AG (MTZ), including a loading and unloading facility, following a government decision published on 1 February 2016. It is used to transport iron ore from the Tumurtei mine to a new steel and iron smelter, which is being built near the Darkhan Metallurgical Plant. On 3 April 2016, the railway line was officially opened by Speaker of the Parliament Zandaakhüügiin Enkhbold. The MTZ planned to transport one million tonnes of iron ore in 2016 and plans to increase its transport volume to eight to ten million tonnes in the future.

References 

Rail transport in Mongolia
Mining railways
Mining in Mongolia
Iron ore railways
Dürkopp Adler. Dürkopp Adler is a German manufacturer of material handling systems and industrial sewing machines that are used in the manufacture of garment and upholstery. It is headquartered in Bielefeld, Germany. The firm is a result of a merger in 1990 between Koch Adler Nahmaschinenwerke and Dürkoppwerke. It has operations in nearly 10 countries and has 11 subsidiaries.

The firm's equity is largely controlled by ShangGong Company of China.

History
The firm has a history of automobile, ball bearings and motorcycle production but both Kochs Adler and Dürkopp's history began with sewing machines. Dürkoppwerke's history began in 1867 when Heinrich Dürkopp, who had earlier completed building a sewing machine on his own co-founded Dürkopp and Schmidt with a colleague, Carl Schmidt. The firm later dropped Schmidt from its name. Operating out of the backroom of a clock-maker's factory, the new firm made both household and industrial sewing machines. As the business profile became enhanced among local customers, the firm moved to a new building close to market street, Bielefeld in 1870. The company expanded sales to other regions in Germany and introduced specialized machines for shoe-making. In 1885, it began production of bicycles and ball bearings which were an early success. During its early period, Dürkopp experimented with many mechanical ideas and products, led by its founder, the firm began automobile production introducing a successful product, Knipperdolling to the market in 1906. The firm has produced three wheeled and two wheeled motorcycles. After World War I, the firm's debt profile grew and fell under the receivership of banks who went on to sell its automobile unit to Mercedes Benz. During the Second World War, the firm produced cylindrical bearings for tanks and weapons. Kochs Adler, which was majority-owned by the Oetker family, produced munitions and employed forced labor. Those products were jettisoned after the war and the firm went back to its core products, making sewing machines, conveyor belts, bicycles and motorcycles. By the 1962, the firm concentrated on making sewing machines and conveyor belts for the garment industry. In 1990, it merged with Koch Adler, another Bielefeld based industrial sewing machine manufacturer that was founded in 1860.

References

External links

Car manufacturers of Germany
Companies based in North Rhine-Westphalia
Motorcycle manufacturers of Germany
Sewing machine brands
Textile machinery manufacturers
German brands
Surya Raj Acharya. Surya Raj  Acharya  is a Nepalese politician, and a public intellectual as an independent expert in development and infrastructure policy. He was a visiting professor at Institute of Engineering, Tribhuvan University before joining Sajha Party. He was spokesperson of Sajha Party. Acharya lives in Bharatpur Metropolis in Chitwan District, Nepal.

Education 
Acharya has a Bachelor in civil engineering from the National School of Technology in Jamshedpur, India. He has a master's degree in resource management from the Asian Institute of Technology. He holds a PhD degree in infrastructure and regional development from the University of Tokyo, Japan.

Career 
In early career phase, he worked as an engineer under the Nepal's Civil Service. He has worked a long time with the Institute of Transport Policies Studies in Japan as Senior Fellow. He has also worked as a Visiting Faculty for Tokyo University, Japan. He was visiting professor at the Institute of Engineering before being affiliated in Politics. Acharya was 'Adjunct Professor' at the National Graduate Institute of Policy Studies (GRIPS).

Political career 
Acharya was one of the key founding leaders of Sajha Party. He was the Spokesperson and Chief of Policy Department of the Party. He contested the 2017 Nepalese legislative election from Kathmandu-2 constituency, where he was defeated by Madhav Kumar Nepal. He left the party after major differences with the Party Coordinator in some key strategic and policy matters.

Articles and publications 

 Dr. Acharya has many academic publications including an edited book titled 'Transport Development in Asian Megacities: A New Perspective'. 
 Motorization and urban mobility in developing countries exploring policy options through dynamic simulation.
 Sustainable transport development in Nepal: challenges, opportunities and strategies.
 Specialties of Asian Megacities.

See also 
 Rabindra Mishra

References

Surya Raj Acharya
University of Tokyo alumni
Academic staff of Tribhuvan University
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Khas people
Witsand Solar Desalination Plant. Witsand Solar Desalination Plant (WSDP) is a water purification project under construction in South Africa.

Location
The water treatment facility is under construction in the seaside town of Witsand, in Hessequa Local Municipality, in the Western Cape Province, at the mouth of the Breede River. This is approximately , by road, south-east of Cape Town, the nearest large city.

Overview
The town of Witsand is a tourist attraction, with a low-season population of approximately 300 people. During the tourist high-season, the population swells to over 3,000 people, leading to freshwater scarcity in the town. To address that scarcity, the government of the Western Cape and the French government, decided to jointly develop and fund he Witsand water purification project.

Technology
The WSDP is the first desalination plant in South Africa, that uses solar energy to power its processes. Its new technology applications, allow for the elimination of storage batteries in the design. The plant's new Osmosun technology, involves the use of a specialized "intelligent" membrane that is able to continue delivering reverse osmosis, even when the sun goes behind a cloud, thus reducing the amount of solar energy delivered. The energy delivered would increase again when the clouds moved away. That ability to "soften" the variability in the energy delivered, preserves the reverse osmosis membrane. At night, when there is no sun, the design allows the plant to switch to conventional grid-electricity and continue working all through the darkness, until the sun rises the next morning.

Construction and cost
The budgeted cost of the plant is ZAR:8.6 million (approx. US$650,000), to be shared equally between the governments of the Western Cape and that of France. The unit cost of the purified water at this plant is between ZAR:7 to ZAR:8 (US$0.52 to US$0.60) for every . In comparison, the temporary diesel-fueled desalination plant at Strandfontein, in Cape Town, produces potable water at ZAR:35 to ZAR:40 (US$2.62 to US$3.00) for every 1,000 liters. If this project is a success, it might be reproduced in other parts of the country, where drought is a problem.

Challenges
In order to generate enough solar energy for its internal processes, the plant needs  to accommodate the requisite solar panels. This requirement for large areas to install solar panels, may restrict the project's reproducibility in crowded cities like Cape Town.

See also
 Desalination plants
 Erongo Desalination Plant

References

External links
Special Report: Water Crisis As at 23 July 2018.

Buildings and structures in South Africa
Water resources management
2018 establishments in South Africa
Economy of the Western Cape
Garden Route District Municipality
National Highway 344A (India). National Highway 344A, commonly called NH 344A is a national highway in  India. It is a spur road of National Highway 44. NH-344A traverses the state of Punjab in India.

Route 
Phagwara, Phagwara bypass, Banga, Nawanshahr, Balachur, Rupnagar.

Junctions  

  Terminal near Phagwara.
  near Phagwara bypass.
  Terminal near Rupnagar.

Upgradation 
In 2016, the NHAI issued letter of award for four laning of 344A. Upgradation project includes 4 structures (Grade separator/flyover), 1 major bridge, 22 minor bridges, one vehicular underpass and one pedestrian underpass.

See also 

 List of National Highways in India
 List of National Highways in India by state

Notes 

 In first notification for S.N. 262, route Hoshiarpur - Nawanshahr - Rupnagar was named as NH 103A. This has been replaced as NH 344A, route from Phagwara to Rupnagar.

References

External links 

 NH 344A on OpenStreetMap

National highways of India
National highways in Punjab, India
Rakiatou Kaffa-Jackou. Rakiatou Christelle Kaffa-Jackou (born 1965) is a Nigerien aeronautical engineer and politician who has served as Minister for Population since 2016.

Early life and education
Kaffa-Jackou is the eldest of four daughters of politician Sanoussi Jackou and Françoise. She went to a girls' mission school in Niamey. Her sister, Guimbia, was later Governor of Niamey. She studied mathematics and physics at the Abdou Moumouni University and has a Masters in Physics. She also has a Diploma in Aeronautical Engineering from the African and Malagasy School of Meteorology and Civil Aviation in Niamey and a PhD from Toulouse University on "Optimization and modeling of airport security".

Career
Kaffa-Jackou worked as part of the management team of Diori Hamani International Airport and taught at the Civil Aviation Academy for nine years. She was appointed to ECOWAS in Abuja with responsibility for civil aviation safety in ECOWAS member states. In 2001, Kaffa-Jackou was responsible for setting up Air Niger International at the request of the government of Niger.

Kaffa-Jackou became a member of the Nigerien Self-Management Party, created by her father. She was appointed Deputy Minister for Industrial Development in 2013 and Minister for African Integration in 2015. She was appointed Minister for Population in 2016 by President Mahamadou Issoufou. In April 2017, she spoke to the United Nations Commission on Population and Development in New York City about the challenges and strategies of managing the demographic boom in Niger, with a growth rate of 3.9% and 50% of the population aged under 15, as well as reducing poverty rates, infant and maternal mortality, and increasing school enrolment.

Personal life
Kaffa-Jackou is married with five children.

References

Living people
1965 births
People from Niamey
Abdou Moumouni University alumni
University of Toulouse alumni
Nigerien Self-Management Party politicians
Women government ministers of Niger
George Kurian. George Kurian is an Indian-American business executive. He is the current chief executive officer and a member of the board of NetApp. Prior to this, he was the executive vice president of product operations at NetApp.

Early life and education 
Kurian was born in Kerala, India. He is the twin brother of Google Cloud CEO, Thomas Kurian. George Kurian was a 1995 graduate of Stanford Graduate School of Business. He also holds an electrical engineering degree from Princeton University.

Career 
Kurian worked as a valet, pizza chef and bartender in college.

His career in tech included the role of vice president at Akamai Technologies, management consulting at McKinsey & Company, and leading Software Engineering and Product Management teams at Oracle Corporation.

NetApp Inc. 
Kurian joined NetApp in 2011 as senior vice president of its storage solutions group. He was promoted to executive vice president (EVP) for product operations in 2013. He was promoted to chief executive officer in 2015.

Kurian received a base salary of $9,491,210 as chief executive officer and director at NetApp.

Personal life 
Kurian is married and is a father of two. He resides in the San Francisco Bay Area.

References

Living people
Businesspeople from Kerala
Stanford Graduate School of Business alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Princeton University alumni
DARSIMCO. DARSIMCO, short for Dartmouth Simplified Code, was a simple programming language written by John Kemeny in 1956 that expanded simple mathematical operations into IBM 704 assembly language (Share Assembly Language, SAL). It was an attempt to simplify basic mathematical processing, a common theme in the 1950s, but found little use before the arrival of FORTRAN at MIT the next year.

Description
This language was essentially a set of macros that expanded out user source code into a series of assembly language instructions, which were then compiled using the existing SAL assembler, Symbolic Assembly Program. For instance, the formula A + B = C would add the values in memory locations A and B and put the result in C. To do this, the DARSIMCO compiler would write out the following three instructions:

  LDA A
  FAD B
  STO C

The language included similar expansions for subtraction, multiplication, division, and simple looping.

The language was implemented on the IBM 704 at MIT's New England Regional Computer Center. Programmed using punch cards, the system had a two-week turnaround because Kemeny had to take the cards in via train from Dartmouth.

See also
 Autocode, a similar concept for mathematical programming

References
 

Programming languages
Programming languages created in 1956
Oliver K. Kelley. Oliver K. Kelley (a.k.a. O.K. Kelley, born Olavi Koskenhovi; 28 June 1904 – 28 March 1987) was a Finnish-born American engineer involved in developing the automatic transmission at the General Motors Corporation in the 1940s.

Early life and career
Kelley was born Olavi Koskenhovi in Salo, Finland, on June 28, 1904. He immigrated to the United States from Finland in 1921 at age 17 and changed his name to Oliver K. Kelley. He was educated at Chicago Technical College, where he received B.S. and M.E. degrees graduating in 1925. Kelley worked for Nash Motor, Milwaukee, as a draftsman. In 1929 Kelley began working for the G.M.C. Truck and Coach Division, where he worked on transmission problems, including air-shift synchromesh bus transmissions, hydraulic torque-converter bus transmissions, and infinitely variable friction drives. In June 1936, Kelley joined Earl A. Thompson's engineering group at the General Motors (GM) Engineering Department. This group combined a fluid coupling with a unique hydraulically controlled, automatically shifting four-speed planetary transmission, introduced as an option on 1940 Oldsmobiles as Hydra-Matic, the world's first mass-produced fully automatic transmission.

In 1957, after 17 years as head of the transmission group, Kelley became chief engineer at Buick Motor Division. In 1960 Kelley went into GM's newly created Defense Systems Division as director of military vehicular systems In 1966–1967 Kelley was the E. S. executive assistant to the V.P.) 
Kelley Retired 1 Sept 1967 after 40 years with GM. Kelly died March 28, 1987 at the age of 82 in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan.

Notable achievements
In 1940, upon the departure of Earl A. Thompson, Kelley became the head of the GM transmission group where he was involved in developing, the Buick Dynaflow, Chevrolet Powerglide, Chevrolet Turboglide, and Buick Flight Pitch Dynaflow and Triple Turbine transmissions.

Awards
Recipient of a Citation at the awarding of Earl A. Thompson with the Elmer A. Sperry Award in 1963 for his part in the design and development of the first successful automatic automobile transmission

Automatic Transmission Patents

Kelley received over 82 U.S. and Canadian patents from 1929 - 1971 related to fluid couplings, torque converters, transmission designs, etc.
 1937/1939 US Patent US2176138 for Combination fluid turbo clutch and variable speed gearing
 1939/1940 US Patent US2211233  for Fluid flywheel gearing arrangement
 1941/1945 US Patent US2377696 for Transmission drive
Kelley also published several SAE Technical Documents on fluid couplings, torque converters, and planetary gear set design.

External links

20th-century American engineers
American automotive engineers
General Motors people
Torque converters
1904 births
1987 deaths
20th-century American inventors
Finnish emigrants to the United States