omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
FS Class E.621. The FS Class E.621 was a class of five electric locomotives of the Italian State Railways (FS). They were rebuilt in 1947 from FS Class E.620, which was originally built in 1925. The main change was conversion from 650 V DC third rail to 3,000 V DC overhead line power supply.

The E.620 were articulated in two obviously separate sections, each with their own frames and bodywork. The cab was on one section giving something of a 'steeplecab' appearance and there was no body section spanning the articulated join. The rebuilt E.621 were very similar, although the bodywork was reworked or replaced. The cab now carried the single diamond pantograph and the two windows in each side were replaced by a single window. The prominent air brake reservoir cylinders were relocated from the cab roof to internally.  The electrical equipment covers were now wider and higher. The increased amount of equipment on board required more air cooling, now through mesh grilles on the sides of the covers. Originally there had been external walkways, with railings, outboard of the equipment covers but there was no longer enough width for these and the only handrails were for the steps to the cab. A second set of cab steps was added for the other end of the cab.

Electrical conversion 

The locomotives were built in 1925 by the Officine Meccaniche Reggiane, reusing electrical parts from withdrawn railcars. There were two 3-axle bogies and six traction motors, giving a maximum speed of 85 km/h. The motors were nose-suspended and geared to the axles.

The rebuild was done to enable the locomotives to work under a 3,000-volt overhead line power supply and to cope with a post-war shortage of locomotives. In order to use the electrical equipment, and the 650-volt motors, without excessive modifications, the metadyne system was adopted. This halved the line voltage of 3,000 volts to 1,500 volts.  The 1,500 volt supply was then fed to the motors in series pairs, giving 750 volts per motor. The power output was increased from  continuous to  (1 hour rating).

Service 
All were used for station pilot duties at Milano Centrale, reducing the number of steam locomotives and their smoke underneath the station's overall roof. They also worked around the Milan area, and the station of Porta Nuova. They were based at, and finally stored before scrapping, the engine depot of .

References

 
 
 
    Angelo Nascimbene, Aldo Riccardi, Ferrovie italiane anni '50 - Seconda parte, trazione elettrica, in Tutto treno tema, 1996, n. 9, p. 125
    Giovanni Cornolò, Dall'E.626 all'Eurostar. 1928-2008: ottant'anni di locomotive elettriche FS, Parma, Ermanno Albertelli, 2008, pp. 291-296, .

3000 V DC locomotives
Co+Co locomotives
E.621
Railway locomotives introduced in 1947
Standard gauge locomotives of Italy 
Rebuilt locomotives
Tell-tale (bridges). A tell-tale, also known as a bridge warning, is a series of ropes suspended over railway tracks to give warning to the engineer, and more importantly the brakeman who may be scampering across the tops of the cars, that the train is approaching a low-clearance obstacle, such as a tunnel or a bridge.  In the US, a standard tell-tale design had ropes on  centers for a width of  over the track, the bottom of the ropes  lower than the height of the obstruction, and placed at least  before the obstruction.

Tell-tales are also used to warn trucks and other tall vehicles of low-clearance bridges on roads and highways.  In this context, chains are used instead of ropes, and it is frequently the sound of the chains knocking against the truck that alerts the driver of trouble (also called "tattletale").

See also
 Bridge strike

References

Rail infrastructure
Industria Argentina Vehículos de Avanzada. Industria Argentina de Vehículos de Avanzada (abbrevriated IAVA) was an automotive company created in 1971 by 16 owners of Argentine Fiat dealerships.  Headquartered in Martínez, Buenos Aires, IAVA was the first manufacturer of performance vehicles in Argentina, being a subsidiary of Fiat Concord and then Sevel Argentina until it was closed in 1985.

As Abarth did in Italy, the goal of IAVA was to provide the Argentine industry with a higher performance version of the Argentinian Fiat 128. The philosophy was to use the platform of the 128, but change the engine to a transversely mounted 1100 cubic centimeter four cylinder. With this new engine IAVA offered, in addition to the increase in power, more comfort, and even aerodynamic accessories for the 128.

History 
IAVA was established in 1971 after an initiative of Carlos Marsengo, then Director of Fiat Concord, the Argentine subsidiary of Fiat S.p.A. It was believed that Marsengo had been given approval to establish a performance vehicles division from Italy.

The first models were assembled in the Fiat plant in Caseros, Buenos Aires, but short after production moved to Martínez, on Fondo de la Legua avenue. The first president of IAVA was Gerónimo Grossi, and Marcelo Zunnino was appointed as Director.

IAVA's most emblematic model was Fiat 128, which performance cars competed in Rallying and Turismo Carretera with successful results. The IAVA "128 TV" ("Turismo Veloz") was launched in March 1972, with near 500 units built in the first year. This model had a top speed of 170 km/h at 7,000 rpm.

IAVA also made  version of the Fiat 147 which was named Sorpasso. They also made versions of the Fiat 133 called IAVA and Fiat 133 Top respectively. Later, IAVA created a buggy called Kikito Buggy but produced less than 25 units, along with 2 berlinetta-type prototypes. It also made a motor for boats based on an SSB structure and a prototype for the firm Mara. Other Fiat models modified by IAVA were the 600, 125, and Duna.

In 1985, Sevel Argentina (which produced Fiat and Peugeot brands in the country since 1980), determined that the subsidiaries should be closed, causing the end of IAVA.

Production 

 1971–73 - Fiat 128 IAVA 1100 (71 HP)
 1974–77 - Fiat 128 IAVA 1300 (88 HP)
 1977–78 - Fiat 128 Europa IAVA 1100 (88-100)
 1977–78 - Fiat 128 Europa IAVA 1300 (100 HP)
 1978–82 - Fiat 128 IAVA TV 1300 (88 & 102 HP)
 1979–82 - Fiat 133T IAVA 900 (54 HP)
 1982–83 - Fiat 147 Sorpasso IAVA 1300 (90 HP)) 
 1983–84 - Fiat 147 TR5 IAVA 1300 (90 HP)

Famous owners
Some famous personalities of Argentina that owned Fiat IAVA automobiles were Sandro, Daniel Scioli, Ramón Díaz, Carlos Monzón, Marcelo Tinelli, Hugo Gatti, and Guillermo Coppola. Humorist Luis Landriscina not only owned a 128 but he drove his car in a 1974 rally.

References

External links 
 Club IAVA

1971 establishments in Argentina
i
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1971
Fiat
Car brands
2017–18 WPI Engineers men's basketball team. The 2017–18 WPI Engineers men's basketball team represented Worcester Polytechnic Institute during the 2017–18 NCAA Division III men's basketball season. They were coached by a 20-year coaching veteran, Chris Bartely. The Engineers played their home games at Harrington Auditorium in Worcester, Massachusetts and competed in the  New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference (NEWMAC). They finished the regular season 14–11, 8–6 in the NEWMAC play to finish in fourth place. They lost in the finals of the NEWMAC Tournament to MIT. The Engineers finished the regular season with a 16-9 record, lost 61-63 to MIT in the Semifinal round of the NEWMAC Tournament, and failed to qualify for the 2017 NCAA Men's Division III basketball tournament.

References

WPI
WPI Engineers men's basketball seasons
WPI Engineers men's basketball
WPI Engineers men's basketball
Virginia Vassilevska Williams. Virginia Vassilevska Williams (née Virginia Panayotova Vassilevska) is a theoretical computer scientist and mathematician known for her research in computational complexity theory and algorithms. She is currently the Steven and Renee Finn Career Development Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She is notable for her breakthrough results in fast matrix multiplication, for her work on dynamic algorithms, and for helping to develop the field of fine-grained complexity.

Education and career
Williams is originally from Bulgaria, and attended a German-language high school in Sofia. She graduated from the California Institute of Technology in 2003, and completed her Ph.D. at Carnegie Mellon University in 2008. Her dissertation, Efficient Algorithms for Path Problems in Weighted Graphs, was supervised by Guy Blelloch.

After postdoctoral research at the Institute for Advanced Study and University of California, Berkeley, Williams became an assistant professor of computer science at Stanford University in 2013. She moved to MIT as an associate professor in 2017.

Research
In 2011, Williams found an algorithm for multiplying two  matrices in time . This improved a previous time bound for matrix multiplication algorithms, the Coppersmith–Winograd algorithm, that had stood as the best known for 24 years. Her initial improvement was independent of Andrew Stothers, who also improved the same bound a year earlier; after learning of Stothers' work, she combined ideas from both methods to improve his bound as well. As of 2023, her work also establishes the current best-known algorithm for matrix multiplication with her collaborators, in time .

Recognition
Williams was an NSF Computing Innovation Fellow for 2009–2011, and won a Sloan Research Fellowship in 2017. She was an invited speaker at the 2018 International Congress of Mathematicians, speaking in the section on Mathematical Aspects of Computer Science.

Personal life
Williams is the daughter of applied mathematicians Panayot Vassilevski and Tanya Kostova-Vassilevska. She is married to Ryan Williams, also a computer science professor at MIT; they have worked together in the field of fine-grained complexity.

References

External links
Home page

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American computer scientists
21st-century American mathematicians
21st-century Bulgarian mathematicians
Bulgarian women mathematicians
American women computer scientists
Theoretical computer scientists
California Institute of Technology alumni
Carnegie Mellon University alumni
Stanford University faculty
MIT School of Engineering faculty
American people of Bulgarian descent
21st-century American women mathematicians
Stacey Bent. Stacey Bent is a professor of chemical engineering and vice provost for graduate education and postdoctoral affairs (VPGE) at Stanford University. She is the Jagdeep and Roshni Singh Professor of Engineering, the Bert and Candace Forbes University Fellow in Undergraduate Education, and a member of the National Academy of Engineering. She was the director of the TomKat Center for Sustainable Energy and a senior associate dean in the Stanford School of Engineering until 2019. She is best known for contributions to semiconductor processing, materials chemistry, and surface science. Her work has been applied toward applications in semiconductors, solar cells, and catalysts.

Education and career 

Bent graduated from U.C. Berkeley in 1987 with a B.S., summa cum laude, in chemical engineering. She earned a Ph.D. in chemistry from Stanford in 1992, advised by Richard Zare. Her thesis studied the dynamics of how hydrogen atoms recombine and desorb molecularly from silicon surfaces, and has since played a significant role in the current understanding of hydrogen interactions with silicon surfaces.

She was a postdoctoral fellow at AT&T Bell Laboratories and an assistant professor of chemistry at New York University before moving to Stanford University in 1998.

At Stanford, Bent holds courtesy appointments in the departments of materials science and engineering, electrical engineering, and chemistry. She was the department chair of chemical engineering from 2015 to 2016 and senior associate dean in the school of engineering from 2016 to 2019 before her current position as a vice provost.

She was the director of the TomKat Center for Sustainable Energy from 2010 to 2019. She is also a senior fellow at the Stanford Precourt Institute for Energy. She is a fellow of the American Chemical Society and the American Vacuum Society.

She has received numerous awards for her research and teaching, including the Beckman Young Investigator Award, the Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar Award, the Peter Mark Memorial award, a National Science Foundation CAREER Award, and a Tau Beta Pi Award for Excellence in Undergraduate Teaching. In 2018, she received the American Chemical Society Award in Surface Chemistry.

Bent was elected as a member of the National Academy of Engineering in 2020 for contributions to materials surface chemistry and its application across technology platforms from energy to electronics.

Research 

Bent’s work focuses on interfacial chemistry and materials synthesis, with a variety of applications in semiconductor processing, microelectronics, nanotechnology, and renewable energy. Her research group utilizes systems in atomic layer deposition, functionalization of semiconductor surfaces, nanoscale materials for light absorption, and catalyst and electrocatalyst development.

References 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Stanford University School of Engineering faculty
UC Berkeley College of Chemistry alumni
Stanford University School of Engineering alumni
1960s births
New York University faculty
American chemical engineers
Adelita Husni-Bey. Adelita Husni-Bey (born 1985) is an Italian-Libyan visual artist. She made the film Postcards from the Desert Island (2011). She was awarded the 2023 Black Mountain College prize. Husni-Bey was also a 2020-2022 fellow at the Vera List Center for Art and Politics. Her work is in the collections of MoMA and the Whitney Museum. She was chosen to represent Italy at the 2017 Venice Biennale.

Work 
Husni-Bey's work is rooted in anarcho-collectivist practices. It is often the result of long form collaborations and educational workshops, which result in video or photographs documenting the process. The subject matter focuses on systemic problems and the role of the law.

White Paper 
The work White Paper (2014 - ongoing) consists of an ongoing research into the relationship between the notion of property, legislation, and the right to housing under capitalism. It focuses on three countries: Egypt, The Netherlands and Spain. The first chapter White Paper: The Land (2014) was presented in Cairo at Beirut (art space). It consists of a video-installation focused on the land rights of people affected by the mega-urban development Cairo 2050, a government-backed and privately funded metropolitan development plan of massive proportions, which threatens the livelihood of many informal settlements such as the neighbourhood of Gezirat al-Qursaya and Ramlet Boulaq. The second chapter White Paper: The Law (2015) was supported by Casco (Utrecht) and it resulted in a legal document, the Convention on the Use of Space. The document was written through a series of public drafting meetings across the Netherlands in collaboration with squatters, lawyers, housing rights activists, tenants associations and the general public. For the last chapter of the project White Paper: The Imaginery (2016) the Convention travelled to Spain, to Móstoles neighbourhood in Madrid and it was hosted by CA2M. The project was carried on in various independent spaces and squatted social centres, where a number of public meetings were held to draw up the Spanish version of the text. The project is documented by a book, White Paper On Land, law And The Imaginary edited by Antonia Alampi, Binna Choi, Jens Maier-Rothe, Pablo Martínez.

The Reading / La Seduta, was presented at the Italian Pavilion, curated by Cecilia Alemani, at the 2017 Venice Biennale.

Exhibitions 

 2019 Adelita Husni Bey: Chiron, New Museum, New York
 2015 Movement Break, Kadist Art Foundation, San Francisco

References

External links 
 MAXXI Award 2016

1985 births
Living people
21st-century Italian women artists
Italian contemporary artists
Alumni of Chelsea College of Arts
Alumni of Goldsmiths, University of London
FAV Class E.440. FAV Class E.440 was a class of four electric locomotives built for the Italian Ferrovia Alta Valtellina (FAV) in 1932 for the operation between Sondrio and Tirano.

History
In 1928, following the experience acquired in the three-phase high-voltage (10 kV) AC operation on the Rome - Sulmona line of the Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), a new locomotive, dual-voltage and dual-frequency, with a wheel arrangement of 1'D1' and a power output of , was designed and registered as FS Class E.471. It was designed by the famous engineer Kalman Kando and was built in the CEMSA plant. Ten locomotives were ordered but the project was terminated prematurely and only one locomotive was completed. The early termination of the project caused severe economic difficulties for CEMSA so the company welcomed an order for four locomotives from FAV. It has been suggested that one of the FAV locomotives was a rebuild of E.471 but this seems unlikely because E.471 was a large 1'D1' machine while the FAV locomotives were relatively small D types. What is more likely is that some parts manufactured for the cancelled FS order were used in the construction of the FAV locomotives. The first three units, E.440.1-2-3 were delivered in 1932 but the fourth, E.440.4, had to be built by Officine Meccaniche (OM) and Tecnomasio Italiano-Brown-Boveri (TIBB) following the economic difficulties of CEMSA. The locomotives served on the line between Sondrio and Tirano until 1967, when they were withdrawn and replaced by diesel-powered trains.

Technical details
The E.440 locomotives were the only three-phase Italian machines to have the "D" wheel arrangement. Current collection was by trolley poles with dual spades. There was a single asynchronous motor of  (1 hour rating). The motion was transmitted to the wheels by articulated connecting rods using the Kando system with an idle jackshaft. Two fixed speeds of  were available by pole-changing (Kando-Blathy system). The locomotive had a rigid frame and the axle at the cab end had side play of . The livery was black.

Preservation
By the 1980s, three units had been scrapped. E.440.3, restored in the workshops at Tirano, was sent to the National Railway Museum of Pietrarsa where it is exhibited.

References

Further reading

 Erminio Mascherpa, E.471, Locomotive di sogno, Rovereto, Editore Nicolodi, 2005, 
 Sergio Viganò, Alta Valtellina ieri ed oggi(in i treni 167/1996), pp 32-38, Salò, ETR

D locomotives
Three-phase AC locomotives
Electric locomotives of Italy
Standard gauge locomotives of Italy
CEMSA locomotives
OM locomotives
TIBB locomotives
Donald Goldfarb. Donald Goldfarb (born August 14, 1941 in New York City) is an American mathematician, best known for his works in mathematical optimization and numerical analysis.

Biography

Goldfarb studied Chemical Engineering at Cornell University, earning a BSChE in 1963. He obtained an M.S. from Princeton University in 1965, and a doctorate in 1966."Donakd Gokdfarb fsvulty homepage", Columbia University School of Engineering. Accessed February 16, 2022. 

After getting his Ph.D., Goldfarb spent two years as a post-doc at the Courant Institute in New York City. 

In 1968, he co-founded the CS Department at the City College of New York, serving 14 years on its faculty. During the 1979-80 academic year, he was a visiting professor in the CS and ORIE Departments at Cornell University. In 1982, Goldfarb joined the IEOR Department at Columbia, serving as Chair from 1984-2002. He also served as Interim Dean of Columbia's School of Engineering and Applied Science during the 1994-95 and 2012-13 academic years and its Executive Vice Dean during the Spring 2012 semester.

He is one of the developers of the Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno algorithm. In 1992, he and J. J. Forrest developed the steepest edge simplex method.

Awards
Goldfarb is National Academy of Engineering (NAE) member and SIAM Fellow. He was awarded the INFORMS John Von Neumann Theory Prize in 2017, the Khachiyan Prize in 2013, the INFORMS Prize for Research Excellence in the Interface between OR and CS in 1995, and was listed in The Worlds Most Influential Scientific Minds, 2014, as being among the 99 most cited mathematicians between 2002 and 2012. Goldfarb has served as an editor-in-chief of Mathematical Programming, an editor of the SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis and the SIAM Journal on Optimization, and as an associate editor of Mathematics of Computation, Operations Research and Mathematical Programming Computation.

References 

1941 births
Living people
Cornell University College of Engineering alumni
20th-century American mathematicians
Princeton University alumni
Columbia University faculty
21st-century American mathematicians
Blohm & Voss P 184. The Blohm & Voss P 184 was a German design for a long-range reconnaissance aircraft during World War II. Carrying a crew of five, it was of aerodynamically clean appearance and its wing had an unusually high aspect ratio.

Design
Developed in 1943, the P 184 was a large, long-range reconnaissance and patrol landplane capable of superseding the Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condor. It was of conventional layout but, like many B&V designs, of innovative structure using a high proportion of steel.

The fuselage nose was fully glazed to provide excellent vision to the crew, all accommodated in the nose cabin. Behind the cabin, the entire centre section of the fuselage formed one giant integral fuel tank. The tail housed a defensive gun turret and a single retractable tailwheel. Further defensive armament was provided by a remote-controlled barbette under the fuselage.

The mid-mounted wing was of very high aspect ratio, having a large span combined with a relatively short chord to make it highly efficient. Four identical nacelles, distributed along the constant-chord centre section of the wing, each housed a BMW 801E radial engine providing almost  takeoff power, with a retractable main undercarriage leg behind. The outer wing sections had a slight taper. As with most B&V designs, the main wing structure was an integral steel box which served as additional integral fuel tankage.

Specifications Blohm und Voss P.184.01

References

Notes

Bibliography
 
 Hugh Cowin; "Blohm und Voss Projects of World War II" Part III, Air Pictorial, December 1963, pp. 404–406.

P 184
Abandoned military aircraft projects of Germany
Eelume. The Eelume  is an autonomous underwater vehicle being developed by Eelume AS, in partnership with Kongsberg Maritime and Equinor.

Function
The Eelume is primarily designed to inspect, maintain and repair subsea infrastructure, primarily for offshore drilling installations. It may also have military applications, including for mine countermeasures and undersea surveillance.

The Eelume is intended to be able to dive 500 meters beneath the surface.

The Eelume is designed to be either entirely autonomous, or capable of being controlled remotely by an operator. The Eelume is intended to be deployed permanently underwater, housed at subsea docking stations.

Development
The Eelume was tested at the PREZIOSO Linjebygg Subsea Test Center near Trondheim in November and December 2016. Eelume CEO Arne Kjørsvik has said they anticipate the vehicle being available on the market in late 2019.

The company designing Eelume began in 2015 as a spinoff from the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU),
founded by a team of entrepreneurs including NTNU professor Kristin Ytterstad Pettersen.

External links
 Eelume website
 Eelume YouTube channel

References

Autonomous underwater vehicles
Kongsberg Gruppen