omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Hunter's Point crane. The Hunter's Point crane is a gantry crane located at the naval shipyard in Hunters Point, San Francisco. When it was built, in 1947 to repair battleships and aircraft carriers, it was the largest crane in the world.

It has a  capacity and was completed at the site by the American Bridge Company.

When it was first built, it was used to lift 630 tons, which the San Francisco Chronicle reported at the time was the heaviest load ever lifted.

In 1959, it was used for Operation Skycatch, where dummy Polaris missiles were fired and caught via a string of arresting cables, before being lowered to the ground for testing. Previous versions of the test had the missiles flung out into the bay and retrieved from the ocean floor.

A large trapezoidal frame was erected atop the gantry crane for the UGM-73 Poseidon missile test facility; the structural members were lifted by Marine Boss in 1967. The addition of the frame brought the total height of the crane to nearly . The crane dominates the landscape in the area, as it is easily visible from miles around.

Today, the site where the crane is located is a superfund site due to contamination by the  military, and there is no public access.

References

Cranes (machines)
State Geologic and Subsoil Survey of Ukraine. The State Geologic and Subsoil Survey of Ukraine or  Ukrainian Geological Survey (UGS),  is the national upstream regulator that issues exploration and production licenses for all mineral resources, supervises their performance, and carries out geologic assessments across the country.

They serve as an agrologist studying group for any ground, however, during the Russo-Ukrainian War, they have ceased many operations.

External links

Sources 

Government agencies of Ukraine
Mahabubnagar–Munirabad railway line. The Mahabubnagar-Munirabad section is an under construction railway section project of the Indian Railways. The section falls under the administration of Guntakal of South Central Railway zone and Hubli Railway Division of South Western Railway Zone. This serves as the shortest route to Hyderabad-Hubballi and Hyderabad-Goa routes.

About the line 
The project was initially sanctioned in the year 1997 when H. D. Deve Gowda was the Prime Minister of India. The 274 km long Mahabubnagar to Munirabad new line project was sanctioned with a latest estimated cost of Rs 3,543 crores. This new line project has five sections: Mahabubnagar - Devarkadra, Devarkadra – Krishna Jn, Krishna Jn - Raichur Jn, Raichur Jn - Ginigera Jn and Ginigera Jn - Munirabad.

The new line project will help in expanding the rail network between Hyderabad and the mining belt of Karnataka. Several materials such as iron ore, cement, steel, and many others can now be transported through this alternate route.

The South Central Railway zone of the line is completed now. The Devarkadre - Jaklair part was completed in 2017, Maganoor - Krishna Jn portion of the line was completed on 9 February 2023. Prime Minister Narendra Modi, during the course of his visit to Telangana, dedicated the Krishna - Maganoor - Jaklair section to the nation on 1 October 2023. 

In late 2023, it was announced the section between Devarkadra and Krishna will be fully electrified.

In the portion of the line that is with South Western Railway zone, the Ginigera - Gangavathi section was opened in March 2019. The line was extended till Kartagi in November 2021. The works on the only missing link of the line that is between Kartagi and Raichur is in progress and is scheduled to complete by 2025.

Stations 
Mahabubnagar (MBNR)
Manyamkonda (MQN)
Kotakadra (KTKA)
Devarkadra (DKC)
Marikal (MRKL)
Jaklair (JKAR)
Makhtal (KSN)
Dasar Doddi (DSDDI)
Maganoor (MNDK)
Kunsi (KUSI)
Krishna Junction (KSN)
Yadalapur (YDLP)
Chiksugur (CK)
Yermaras (YS)
Raichur Junction (RC)
Kallur (KLLUR)
Nirmanvi (NRMNV)
Manvi (MANVI)
Hirekotangal (HRKTN)
Jawalgeri (JWLGR)
Sindhanur (SNNR)
Gorebal (GEBL)
Karatagi (KTGG)
Siddapur Grama (SIDG)
Sriramanagar Grama (SRNM)
Gangavathi (GGVT)
Chikkabenakal (CKBK)
Jabbalgudda (JBGD)
Budhagumpa (BDGU)
Ginigera Junction (GIN)
Hitnal (HTNL)
Munirabad (MRB)

References

Rail transport in Telangana
5 ft 6 in gauge railways in India

Rail transport in Karnataka
Guntakal railway division
Hyderabad railway division
Hubli railway division
Epirus Leonidas. The Leonidas is a high-power microwave (HPM) weapon developed to disable unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms. It was named after Leonidas of Epirus.

Design and development
Epirus was founded in 2018 to enter the counter-drone market and it unveiled the Leonidas in 2020. The threat of small drones, especially cheap consumer models, is difficult to counter in large numbers using traditional kinetic means. Against regular air defenses, cheap drones can be deployed in large numbers to overwhelm a defender or force them to expend more expensive interceptors. Leonidas is designed as a directed energy weapon that fires electromagnetic pulse (EMP) beams to disable electronics. The system is able to pick individual targets or cover a large area in wide beam mode to affect any electronic device that passes through. While it was intended to be used against airborne drone threats, it has the ability to knock out ground vehicles and sea vessels; it works against any electronics, and has been demonstrated to disable an outboard ship motor.

Due to its use of gallium nitride transistors previously used in radars instead of magnetron vacuum tubes, Leonidas can maintain a durable microwave beam while being smaller and requiring less power. As a directed EMP, the system has advantages over other DEWs; lasers can only be used against one target at a time while an HPM can focus on a large area, and it works against autonomous UAVs with no link back to an operator that radio jamming would be ineffective against. Because it is software-based, it is able to discriminate between enemy and friendly aircraft, allowing it to take down enemy drones while enabling friendly ones to operate in the same vicinity. The original configuration was as a towed trailer. In October 2021, Epirus and General Dynamics announced they were teaming to integrate Leonidas onto the Stryker to provide mobile short-range air defense. Epirus unveiled the Leonidas Pod in February 2022 capable of being carried by a heavy-lift UAV. The Leonidas Expeditionary Directed Energy Counter-Swarm (ExDECS) was unveiled in September 2024 as a small version for mobile forces such as the U.S. Marine Corps.

On 23 January 2023, Epirus was awarded a $66.1 million contract by the Rapid Capabilities and Critical Technologies Office (RCCTO) to deliver the Leonidas to the U.S. Army as part of the Indirect Fire Protection Capability-High-Power Microwave (IFPC-HPM) program after outperforming six other systems. Four prototypes were to be produced by 2024 and then transitioned to a program of record in 2025. Epirus announced on 1 November 2023 that the first prototype had been delivered and all four were delivered by March 2024. Some of the IFPC-HPM prototypes are to be deployed to CENTCOM to see how they perform in a real-world environment.

See also
Counter-electronics High Power Microwave Advanced Missile Project
THOR (weapon)
Radio Frequency Directed Energy Weapon

References

External links
Epirus Inc.

Directed-energy weapons
Electromagnetic radiation
Lemont Refinery. Lemont Refinery is an oil refinery in Romeoville, Illinois owned and operated by Citgo Petroleum Corporation.  Originally constructed in the early 1920s, it was reconstructed between 1968 and 1970 by its then owner Union Oil and has a current crude processing capacity of 177,000 barrels per day.  The refinery was the site of the 1984 Romeoville petroleum refinery disaster in which 17 people were killed.

The facility includes the following major units: one atmospheric distillation unit, one vacuum distillation unit, one fluid catalytic cracking unit, two catalytic reforming units, one alkylation unit, hydrodesulfurization units, and two coker units.

References

Energy infrastructure in Illinois
Oil refineries in the United States
Copper(II) stearate. Copper(II) stearate is a metal-organic compound, a salt of copper and stearic acid with the formula Cu(C17H35COO)2. The compound is classified as a metallic soap, i.e. a metal derivative of a fatty acid.

Synthesis
Exchange reaction of sodium stearate and copper sulfate:

Physical properties
Copper(II) stearate forms a blue-green amorphous substance similar to plasticine both in appearance and touch.

Insoluble in water, ethanol, or ether; soluble in pyridine.

Chemical properties
The compound is stable and non-reactive under normal conditions.

When trying to ignite, copper stearate first melts and then begins to burn with a green (at the base) flame, then it quickly turns black due to the formation of cupric oxide:

Uses
The compound is used in the production of antifouling paint and varnish materials.

Also used as a component in casting bronze sculptures.

Also applies as a catalyst for the decomposition of hydroperoxides.

References

Stearates
Copper(II) compounds
National Water Resources Institute. National Water Resources Institute is the Nigerian research institution responsible for the training of water resources engineers and research on different issues in the water sector. The national research institute is situated in Kaduna State, Nigeria.

Background 
The institute was established under the National Water Resources Institute Act, Cap N83 LFN 2004. Professor Emmanuel Adanu has been the Director General of the Institute from 2015. His tenure will end in 2025. In 2018, a three-member committee was set up by the Minister for Water Resources, Suleiman Hussein Adamu, to assess the effects of flood in Jigawa State.

In 2019, the Nigerian Defence Academy signed an MOU with the National Water Resources Institute for an exchange of scholars and joint research on water resources and its various applications.

In 2021, WaterAid partnered with the National Water Resources Institute for training and sanitation programs in the country.

Courses 
The accredited courses offered by the institute are:

 Certificate course - Water Resources Engineering Technology 
 National Diploma(ND) - Water Resources Engineering Technology 
 Higher National Diploma (HND) - Water Resources Engineering Technology 
 Advanced Diploma - Hydro-geology

References

See also 

 National Water Research Institute

Water management
Research institutes in Nigeria
2004 establishments in Nigeria
Chun Ning Lau. Chun Ning "Jeanie" Lau is an American physicist who is a Professor of Quantum Materials at Ohio State University. Her research considers materials for quantum technologies, including van der Waals materials and superconductors. She was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society in 2017.

Early life and education 
Lau studied physics at the University of Chicago. She moved to Harvard University for graduate research where Michael Tinkham was her doctoral advisor. After completing her doctorate, Lau joined Hewlett Packard Labs, where she worked as a research associate.

Research and career 
Lau joined the University of California, Riverside as a professor in 2004. Whilst at Riverside, she accidentally realized that when stacking three layers of graphene, depending on how the layers were stacked, the structure would behave either as a conductor or an insulator. She made use of Raman spectroscopy to understand the precise stacking orders, and predicted that enhanced electronic interactions between layers with specific geometries were responsible for the formation of a band gap.

Lai moved to Ohio State University as a professor in 2017. She studies how quantum confinement impacts the electronic properties and works on topological superconductors and the fabrication of 2D materials with Moiré patterns.

Awards and honors 
 2008 Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers
 2008 National Science Foundation CAREER Award
 2013 Chancellor's Award for Fostering Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement
 2017 Elected Fellow of the American Physical Society

Selected publications

References 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American women physicists
21st-century American physicists
21st-century American women scientists
University of Chicago alumni
Harvard University alumni
University of California, Riverside faculty
Ohio State University faculty
Hewlett-Packard people
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Recipients of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers
Artemis Intelligent Power. Artemis Intelligent Power (AIP) is an engineering and R&D company based in Edinburgh, Scotland. It primarily manufactures hydraulic machines and transmissions that are based on high-speed solenoid valves and digital control technology. The company is noted for developing its digital displacement technology.

History
The company emerged from a University of Edinburgh project initiated in 1994 by Win Rampen and Stephen Salter with a focus on producing high-tech machines to generate renewable energy and reduce fuel consumption of vehicles. The UK Carbon Trust supported the research project splitting off into a fully operational company in its development of its hydraulic transmission system.

AIP stated that its digital displacement hydraulic pump (DDP) technology can deliver greater efficiency and productivity, particularly when applied to off-highway machines. The technology was first used to power wind turbines and increase their efficiency. It was a recipient of the Royal Academy of Engineering’s MacRobert Award for Innovation.

One of the challenges that the technology addressed was wasted energy. Recently, AIP's hydraulic pump technology was adopted by the train operator ScotRail, allowing its trains to save 9,000 liters of diesel per carriage every year. The company claimed that from 64 to 73 percent of a train's energy is lost during braking and transmission. The AIP hydraulic pump eliminated the incidence of wasted energy through its computer-controlled valves that turn off the pump's cylinders when unused.

Acquisition
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries acquired AIP in December 2010. It became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Japanese company through Mitsubishi Power Systems Europe (MPSE). MPSE targeted to build an offshore wind park project for a UK Government national initiative.

In 2018, the Danish multinational company Danfoss acquired AIP. This created a joint venture with Mitsubishi. Danfoss completely acquired Artemis Intelligent Power in 2021, effectively retiring the brand. Its products are now available in the market using the name Danfoss Digital Displacement.

Aside from its hydraulic system, AIP also holds several patents such as those involving high-capacity, high-speed, and digitally-controlled valves. AIP has partnered with other companies to develop projects such as infinitely variable hydraulic transmission systems and the hydraulic energy storage technology, including the world's first tidal energy blade research center FastBlade constructed by Babcock International and the University of Edinburgh.

References

Manufacturing companies of Scotland
Engineering companies of Scotland
Kiri Wagstaff. Kiri Lou Wagstaff is an American computer scientist and planetary scientist whose research involves the use of machine learning in the analysis of data and autonomous control of planetary rovers and other space probes. She is a senior instructor in electrical engineering and computer science at Oregon State University.

Education and career
Wagstaff was a high school student in Moab, Utah, and attended the University of Utah with the support of a program for women in mathematics and the sciences. After earning a bachelor's degree in computer science in 1997, she went to Cornell University for graduate study in natural language processing, and became part of a team of students who participated in a NASA competition on engineering support for human exploration of Mars., She earned a master's degree in 2000 and completed her Ph.D. in 2002. Her doctoral dissertation, Intelligent Clustering with Instance-Level Constraints, was supervised by Claire Cardie.

After a year as a postdoctoral researcher in the Applied Physics Laboratory at Johns Hopkins University, she worked for 20 years as a principal researcher at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. During this time she also returned to graduate study for a master's degree in geological sciences from the University of Southern California in 2008, advised by Frank Corsetti, and a master's degree in library and information science from San Jose State University in 2017.

She began teaching at Oregon State University in 2020.

Recognition
Wagstaff was a recipient of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Lew Allen Award in 2008, "for advancing the performance and application of machine learning methods to onboard and ground-based space science, Earth science and spacecraft engineering". She is a two-time recipient of the NASA Exceptional Technology Achievement Medal, in 2012 and 2020, and was elected as an AAAI Fellow in 2023.

References

External links
Home page
Machine Learning and Instrument Autonomy Group, JPL

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American computer scientists
American women computer scientists
American planetary scientists
University of Utah alumni
Cornell University alumni
University of Southern California alumni
San Jose State University alumni
Oregon State University faculty
Fellows of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
Volta (Estonian company). Volta was a manufacturing company (factory) based in Tallinn, Estonia.

Volta was established on 15 April 1899 (went into business on 5 January 1900) by Carl and Christian Luther. Volta produced electric motors and generators. In 1909, Volta produced turbines and generators for Tallinn Power Plant.

In 1916, Volta has 860 workers and its turnover was about 5.5 million roubles. In 1917, the factory was evacuated to Russia. Factory's buildings stayed empty almost five years. In 1920s, Volta was re-established by Republic of Estonia. In 1939, Volta has 244 workers. In 1940, Volta was nationalized.

In 1963, 242,000 electric motors, 70,000 small motors, 190,000 electric irons, 2,000 wafer makers and 6,700 radiators were produced in Volta.

1994–1996, Volta was liquidated.

References

Manufacturing companies based in Tallinn
Industry in Estonia
Samira Siahrostami. Samira Siahrostami () is an Iranian computational chemist who is an associate professor at the University of Calgary. She designs new materials for catalysis, and develops computer simulations to understand electrochemical reactions. She was awarded the 2023 Canadian Society for Chemistry Tom Zeigler Award.

Early life and education 

Siahrostami grew up in Iran, where she completed her undergraduate and graduate degree in physical chemistry. She moved to the Technical University of Denmark for a postdoctoral position at the Center for Atomic-scale Material Design. After two years in Denmark, she joined Stanford University, where she worked with Jens Nørskov and started working on computational catalysis.

Research and career 
Siahrostami joined the University of Calgary as an assistant professor in 2018, and was promoted to associate professor in 2022. Her research involves computational chemistry for the design of new catalyst materials. Specifically, she studies the oxygen reduction reaction and the carbon dioxide reduction reaction. The oxygen reduction reaction limits the efficiency of fuel cells. Siahrostami hopes that her simulations can provide insight about the active sites for oxygen reduction, helping to develop new, more efficient cathode materials. The carbon dioxide reduction reaction offers hope for carbon dioxide mitigation, as well as providing a new strategy to produce chemicals and fuels. Siahrostami makes use of carbon-based nanomaterials for carbon dioxide reduction reaction catalysis. Some of the catalysts that she has predicted computationally have since been commercialised.

Alongside reduction reactions, Siahrostami is interested in hydrogen: both the synthesis of hydrogen peroxide for water purification and the production of clean hydrogen.

Awards and honours 
 2021 Royal Society of Chemistry John Jeyes Award 
 2023 Canadian Society for Chemistry Tom Ziegler Award
 2023 ACS Energy Letters Women at the Forefront of Energy

Selected publications

References 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Iranian women chemists
21st-century chemists
21st-century women scientists
Iranian chemists
Computational chemists
Technical University of Denmark alumni
Stanford University people
Academic staff of the University of Calgary
Maria Yang. Maria Chiu-Yee Yang is an American mechanical engineer with research fields in engineering design. At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, she serves as the Associate Dean of the MIT School of Engineering, as the Kendall Rohsenow Professor, as director of the MIT D-Lab, and as associate director of the MIT Morningside Academy for Design.

Biography

Early life and education 
Yang lived West Lafayette, Indiana, where her father, Chinese-American aerospace engineer Henry T. Yang, worked as a professor at Purdue University.

Yang received a Bachelor of Science in mechanical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1991. She received a Master of Science in mechanical engineering in 1994 and a Doctor of Philosophy in mechanical engineering in 2000, both from Stanford University.

Yang's doctoral research at Stanford University was supported by a NSF Graduate Fellowship. Her doctoral dissertation, Retrieval of informal information from design: A thesaurus based approach, was supervised by Mark Cutkosky.

Career 
Yang completed her postdoctoral research at the California Institute of Technology. She also worked as the director of design at Reactivity Inc, a privately-held XML gateway provider based in Redwood City, California. Later, she moved to the University of Southern California to serve as assistant professor of industrial and systems engineering.

Yang returned to her undergraduate alma mater the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2007, serving as Robert N. Noyce Career Development Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Systems.

Awards
Yang won a National Science Foundation CAREER Award in 2006. She was elected as an ASME Fellow by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 2013. She won the Fred Merryfield Design Award of the American Society for Engineering Education in 2014.

References

External links
Faculty home page

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American mechanical engineers
American women engineers
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Stanford University alumni
University of Southern California faculty
Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty
Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers