omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Soumia Benkhaldoun. Soumia Benkhaldoun (; 13 March 1963 – 28 June 2023) was a Moroccan engineer, politician, and activist in the field of gender equality.

Benkhaldoun was born on 13 March 1963. She graduated from the École Mohammadia d'ingénieurs. She started working as State engineer in 1986, was a professor at the Ecole Superieure de Technologie Fès between 1987 and 1994, and then at Ibn Tofail University between 1994 and 2006.  She also worked as an expert in the field of women and development with ISESCO, the Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. In addition she has been part of various organizations and committees in the field of gender equality.

On 10 October 2013, she was appointed Minister Delegate to the Minister of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Executive Training in the Benkirane II Government. She resigned from this position in May 2015, and was replaced by Jamila el Moussali.

Benkhaldoun died on 28 June 2023, at the age of 60.

References

1963 births
2023 deaths
21st-century Moroccan women politicians
21st-century Moroccan politicians
Moroccan feminists
Justice and Development Party (Morocco) politicians
Zhang Siying. Zhang Siying (; 5 April 1925 – 4 October 2019) was a Chinese automatic control specialist, a professor and doctoral supervisor of Qingdao University, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).

Biography
Zhang was born in Zhangqiu County, Shandong, on 5 April 1925. He elementary studied at Provincial No.1 Middle School in Ji'nan and secondary studied at Beijing Chongshi High School. In 1944, he was accepted to Wuhan University, where he graduated in August 1948. 

After the establishment of the People's Republic of China in October 1949, he taught at Northeastern University of Technology (now Northeastern University), where he successively served as professor, director of Engineering Mechanics Department, and head of Institute of Automation. Zhang joined the Chinese Communist Party in 1950. In September 1957, he pursued advanced studies in the Soviet Union, where he studied automatic control at Moscow State University. Zhang was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in 1997. In 1999 he founded the Institute of Complexity Science at Qingdao University and served as its head. In 2005 he established Complex Systems and Complexity Science with academician Dai Ruwei. 
In 2013, he won the Highest Prize of Science and Technology in Qingdao and donated all the prizes to set up a "Zhang Siying Outstanding Youth Paper Award" for postgraduates. Zhang died of illness in Qingdao, Shandong, aged 94.

References

1925 births
People from Jinan
2019 deaths
National Wuhan University alumni
Moscow State University alumni
Scientists from Shandong
Members of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chinese expatriates in the Soviet Union
Academic staff of Qingdao University
Educators from Shandong
Chaouki Abdallah. Chaouki Tanios Abdallah is a Lebanese-American engineer and academic administrator who currently serves as the 10th President of the Lebanese American University.

Early life and education 
Abdallah was born and raised in Lebanon. He began his education at the Saint Joseph University before earning a Bachelor of Science in engineering from Youngstown State University. Abdallah earned a Master of Science and PhD in electrical engineering from Georgia Tech.

Career 
Abdallah was active in designing international graduate programs with Latin American and European countries. In 1990, he co-founded the Ibero-American Science and Technology Education Consortium (ISTEC), which includes more than 150 universities in Latin America, Spain and the United States.

Abdallah's teaching and research speciality is systems theory, particularly related to robotic control and communications systems. He is a recipient of the Millennium Medal of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. He has published more than 300 peer-reviewed papers and seven books, including Robot Manipulator Control: Theory and Practice (2003, with Lewis and Dawson).

He joined UNM's Electrical and Computer Engineering department, chairing the department between 2005 and 2011. He served as provost of the UNM between 2011 and 2016, after which he became president from 2017 to 2018, initially in an acting capacity. Abdallah left the University of New Mexico to serve as executive vice president for research at Georgia Tech. Abdallah left Georgia Tech in September 2024 to take up the post of president of the Lebanese American University on 1 October 2024.

References

American people of Lebanese descent
University of New Mexico faculty
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
AirSim. AirSim (Aerial Informatics and Robotics Simulation) is an open-source, cross platform simulator for drones, ground vehicles such as cars and various other objects, built on Epic Games’ proprietary Unreal Engine 4 as a platform for AI research. It is developed by Microsoft and can be used to experiment with deep learning, computer vision and reinforcement learning algorithms for autonomous vehicles. This allows testing of autonomous solutions without worrying about real-world damage.

AirSim provides some 12 kilometers of roads with 20 city blocks and APIs to retrieve data and control vehicles in a platform independent way. The APIs are accessible via a variety of programming languages, including C++, C#, Python and Java. AirSim supports hardware-in-the-loop with driving wheels and flight controllers such as PX4 for physically and visually realistic simulations. The platform also supports common robotic platforms, such as Robot Operating System (ROS). It is developed as an Unreal plug-in that can be dropped into any Unreal environment. An experimental release for a Unity plug-in is also available.

See also

 Vehicle simulation game
 Microsoft Flight Simulator

References

Further reading

External links
 
 Aerial Informatics and Robotics Platform - Microsoft Research

AI software
Cross-platform software
Flight simulation video games
Free software programmed in C++
General flight simulators
Microsoft free software
Software using the MIT license
Free and open-source software
Ironies of Automation. "Ironies of Automation" is a research paper written by Lisanne Bainbridge and published in Automatica in 1983, and has been widely recognized as a pioneering statement of the problems inherent in automation. 

Bainbridge argues that new, severe problems are caused by automating most of the work, while the human operator is responsible for tasks that can't be automated. Thus, operators will not practice skills as part of their ongoing work. Their work now also includes exhausting monitoring tasks. Thus, rather than needing less training, operators need to be trained more to be ready for the rare but crucial interventions.

Barry Strauch analyzes the paper's significance, observing that by November 2016 it had attracted 1800 citations, far beyond other influential works on the topic, and that "The number of citations of Bainbridge’s work, large as it is, is also increasing at a considerable rate." Retrospectives on "Ironies of Automation" and its significance have appeared in both IEEE and ACM publications.

Author 
Lisanne Bainbridge is a cognitive psychologist, active in human factors research between the late 1960s and 1998. She obtained a doctorate in 1972 for work on process controllers and went on to author various research on mental load, process operations, and related topics. She taught at University of Reading and University College London (See the references in Strauch for a partial bibliography, or her home page link below.)  

See https://www.complexcognition.co.uk/p/home.html, including note on relation to Rasmussen's work.

References

External links
 Ironies of Automation direct access for convenience; not paywalled and accessible as of 2021 Jun. 

Academic journal articles
List of Singapore MRT and LRT rolling stock. The rolling stock on Singapore's Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) and Light Rail Transit (LRT) includes several models of electric multiple units and people mover systems respectively. They are primarily operated by SBS Transit and SMRT Trains.

Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) rolling stock

Current

Future

Former

Light Rail Transit (LRT) rolling stock

Current

Future

Work trains
SMRT Trains was known to use the following vehicles for maintenance of way as of 2015:
 

In addition, SBS Transit has used a two-car MFV supplied by a joint venture between Plasser and Theurer and Speno and a railgrinder from Harsco and the Land Transport Authority is known to have procured multi-function vehicles and railgrinders  from MERMEC of Italy and Harsco respectively for the Downtown Line and Thomson–East Coast Line, general maintenance vehicles for the Downtown Line from Gemac Engineering Machinery, as well as Bo-Bo battery-electric locomotives from CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive. Engineering trains are also known to be interchangeable across different lines as shown with photos of a transfer of a multi-function vehicle between Bishan Depot and Kim Chuan Depot.

Contractors such as Gammon Construction are also known to have brought in their own work trains such as tampers for trackwork projects; SMRT used up to 14 road-rail vehicles provided by Gammon during the sleeper replacement from 2013 to 2016.

Notes

References

 
Underground rapid transit in Singapore
Singapore MRT and LRT
 
MRT and LRT
Andrzej Swierniak. Andrzej Piotr Świerniak (born February 22, 1950, in Wałbrzych) is a Polish mathematician, specializing in bioinformatics and control theory.

Biography 
In 1972 he obtained a master's degree in automation engineering at the Faculty of Automation of the Silesian University of Technology, and in 1975 he received a master's degree in mathematics at the University of Silesia in Katowice. In 1978, at the Faculty of Automatic Control and Computer Science of the Silesian University of Technology, he received his doctoral degree technical sciences. There, based on scientific achievements and his habilitation monograph, he was awarded in 1988 his Habilitation (higher doctoral degree). In 1996 he became a professor of technical sciences.

He became a full professor at the Silesian University of Technology at the Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science and the director of the Institute of Automatic Control at this department. He became a member of the Automation and Robotics Committee of the Polish Academy of Sciences, the Committee of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences, the Central Commission for Degrees and Titles (Section VI - Technical Sciences), the Committee of the Scientific Research Committee (Electronics, Automation and Robotics, Information Technology and Telecommunications, T-11 ) and the Appeals Team of the Science Council at the Ministry of Science and Higher Education; Science Council; Appeal Team.

In 2019 he became a member of the  (Council of Scientific Excellence), the nation's highest distinction in the discipline of biomedical engineering. In 2012 he was elected a Fellow of the American Mathematical Society.

Awards and honors
 Golden Cross of Merit (1993)
 Medal of Merit for the Silesian University of Technology (1997)
 Knight's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta (1999)
 Silver Badge of the Meritorious SEP (2002)
 Medal of the National Education Committee (2003)
 Honorary Medal of Prof. Obrąpalski (2005)
 PTETiS Gold Badge (2008)
 Officer's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta (2011)

Selected publications

with Barbara Jarząb, Małgorzata Wiench, Krzysztof Fujarewicz, Krzysztof Simek, Michał Jarząb, Małgorzata Oczko-Wojciechowska, Jan Włoch et al.: "Gene expression profile of papillary thyroid cancer: sources of variability and diagnostic implications." Cancer Research 65, no. 4 (2005): 1587-1597.

References

University of Silesia in Katowice alumni
People from Wałbrzych
Polish mathematicians
Fellows of the American Mathematical Society
1950 births
Living people
Academic staff of the Silesian University of Technology
NAU Black-headed Gull. The NAU Black-headed Gull is a Chinese two seat, high wing ultralight first flown in 2011.

Design and development

Design of the Black-headed Gull began at Nanchang Aviation University (NAU) in 2008. It first appeared in public, unflown, in November 2010 at Airshow China, held at Zhuhai. The first flight was made in early June 2011.

Its cantilever wing is rectangular in plan and is mounted with 2.5° of dihedral. Ailerons and flaps fill the whole trailing edge. The flaps are Fowler-type and can be set, electrically, at deflections of 0°, 15° or 30°.

The fuselage is built with a mixture of carbon (9%) and glass fibre materials with epoxy sandwich. Its Rotax 912 engine is conventionally nose-mounted and drives a three-bladed propeller. The cabin is largely under the wing, with each of its side-by-side seats accessed by an upward-hinged side door. Dual control is fitted.  The fuselage tapers rapidly to the rear, ending in a swept, approximately parallelogram profile fin and rudder. The Black-headed Gull has a T-tail. Its rectangular plan, all-moving elevator has a central trim tab.

The Gull has tricycle gear with its mainwheels on arched, cantilever carbon fibre, faired legs. The nose leg is similarly faired. All three wheels are semi-enclosed in fairings. 

A ballistic recovery parachute is fitted.

Operational history

At Airshow China it was described as suitable for agricultural and forestry work as well as aerial photography. It could also serve as a trainer. Only two examples are known to have been completed by 2014, though there were reports of interest in Hong Kong and Taiwan.

Specifications

References

2010s Chinese ultralight aircraft
Magic state distillation. Magic state distillation is a method for creating more accurate quantum states from multiple noisy ones, which is important for building fault tolerant quantum computers. It has also been linked to quantum contextuality, a concept thought to contribute to quantum computers' power.

The technique was first proposed by Emanuel Knill in 2004,
and further analyzed by Sergey Bravyi and Alexei Kitaev the same year.

Thanks to the Gottesman–Knill theorem, it is known that some quantum operations (operations in the Clifford group) can be perfectly simulated in polynomial time on a classical computer. In order to achieve universal quantum computation, a quantum computer must be able to perform operations outside this set. Magic state distillation achieves this, in principle, by concentrating the usefulness of imperfect resources, represented by mixed states, into states that are conducive for performing operations that are difficult to simulate classically.

A variety of qubit magic state distillation routines and distillation routines for qubits with various advantages have been proposed.

Stabilizer formalism

The Clifford group consists of a set of -qubit operations generated by the gates  (where H is Hadamard and S is ) called Clifford gates. The Clifford group generates stabilizer states which can be efficiently simulated classically, as shown by the Gottesman–Knill theorem. This set of gates with a non-Clifford operation is universal for quantum computation.

Magic states 
Magic states are purified from  copies of a mixed state . These states are typically provided via an ancilla to the circuit. A magic state for the  rotation operator is   where . A non-Clifford gate can be generated by combining (copies of) magic states with Clifford gates. Since a set of Clifford gates combined with a non-Clifford gate is universal for quantum computation, magic states combined with Clifford gates are also universal.

Purification algorithm for distilling |M〉
The first magic state distillation algorithm, invented by Sergey Bravyi and Alexei Kitaev, is as follows.
 Input: Prepare 5 imperfect states.
 Output: An almost pure state having a small error probability.
 repeat
 Apply the decoding operation of the five-qubit error correcting code and measure the syndrome. 
 If the measured syndrome is , the distillation attempt is successful.
 else Get rid of the resulting state and restart the algorithm.
 until The states have been distilled to the desired purity.

References

Quantum computing
Algorithms
Hibar Systems. Hibar Systems Ltd was a Canadian manufacturer of automated, precision liquid dispensing and filling systems.

Hibar was started in 1974 when German-born Canadian engineer Heinz Barall developed a prototype of a precision metering pump that would dispense a small, precise amount (two microlitres) of electrolytes into button cell batteries. Barall took his prototype to one of the world's largest battery companies, where representatives were so impressed with its flawless performance, they kept the prototype and ordered more.

Building on its success in the battery industry, over the next 40 years, Hibar started building precision liquid dispensing systems for other industries, such as filling printer ink cartridges, putting pharmaceuticals into vials, and packaging cosmetics. The company also continued to supply its products to the battery production industry and developed new vacuum filling systems for lithium-ion battery applications.

Hibar's technology caught the eye of Tesla, Inc., which builds battery-electric vehicles and battery energy systems. Tesla quietly acquired Hibar sometime in 2019, which was first revealed in an October 2019 filing with the Canadian government.

The purchase came amid an acquisition spree where Tesla bought six other small companies with expertise in automation or battery technology.

Tesla merged the company into its operation, removing the Hibar signage from in front of the Richmond Hill office building in 2020 and changing the legal name on Hibar's website to Tesla Toronto Automation ULC in 2021.

References

Industrial machine manufacturers
Pump manufacturers
Canadian companies established in 1974
Manufacturing companies established in 1974
2019 mergers and acquisitions
Tesla, Inc.
Companies based in Richmond Hill, Ontario
Canadian brands
Frederic T. Chong. Frederic (Fred) T. Chong is an American computer scientist known for research in computer architecture, quantum computing, and computer security.

Born in New Brunswick, New Jersey, Chong received a BS in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from MIT in 1990 and a PhD in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from MIT in 1996, with Prof. Anant Agarwal as his thesis adviser.

Chong had faculty positions at University of California, Davis and University of California, Santa Barbara before joining the University of Chicago faculty in 2015 as the Seymour Goodman Professor of Computer Architecture. He is the lead PI of EPiQC, an NSF Expeditions in Computing program on Quantum Computing. He is a Fellow of the ACM and the IEEE.  

In 2020, Chong co-founded Super.tech and was Chief Scientist for the quantum software company. In 2022, Super.tech was acquired by Infleqtion (formerly ColdQuanta), and Chong is Chief Scientist for Quantum Software.

Awards
2024: Named Fellow of the ACM "for contributions to quantum computer architecture, compilation and optimization".
2023: Elevated to Fellow Member of the IEEE "for contributions to the field of quantum computer architecture, compilation and optimization".
2019: Intel Outstanding Researcher Award.
2013: Named an ACM Distinguished Member.
2002: University of California, Davis Chancellor's Fellow.

References

External links
 University of Chicago: Frederic T. Chong, Department of Computer Science
 

Living people
American computer scientists
MIT School of Engineering alumni
People from New Brunswick, New Jersey
Year of birth missing (living people)
Linde Air Products Factory. Linde Air Products Factory, also known as the Chandler Street Plant, is a historic liquid oxygen factory building in the Black Rock neighborhood of Buffalo, Erie County, New York. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.

The original two-story section was built in 1907 of solid masonry construction with double-hung wood windows, brick piers, and pitched roofs. Red brick additions were made to the original building through 1948. The present building has a C-shaped plan that is nearly fully enclosed around a center courtyard and measuring approximately 300 feet wide by 275 feet deep. 

The building housed the first oxygen extraction facility in America and was later dubbed "the birthplace of the oxygen industry in the United States." It also served as the primary research facility for the Linde Air Products Company from 1923 until 1942. The building has been redeveloped as a kombucha brewery, cider works, orthodontic laboratory, loft apartments and utilant llc (insurtech company.

References

External links
Buffalo Rising: Construction Watch: 155 Chandler Street (February 2018)
Buffalo Rising: 1st Chandler Street Project Reaches Completion (August 2018)
Buffalo as an Architectural Museum: Linde Air Manufacturing

Linde plc
Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)
Industrial buildings completed in 1907
Buildings and structures in Buffalo, New York
National Register of Historic Places in Buffalo, New York
Vanessa Teague. Vanessa Joy Teague is an Australian cryptographer, known for her work on secret sharing, cryptographic protocols, and the security of electronic voting. She was an associate professor of computing and information systems at the University of Melbourne, until resigning in February 2020  and is an Adjunct Associate Professor at the ANU College of Engineering and Computer Science. She is a member of the Board of Advisors of the Verified Voting Foundation.

Education
Teague did her undergraduate studies at the University of Melbourne. In 2005 she completed a Ph.D. in computer science at Stanford University. Her dissertation, Combining Cryptography and Game Theory in Distributed Algorithms, was supervised by John C. Mitchell. Her time as a graduate student in the US overlapped with the 2000 United States presidential election between George W. Bush and Al Gore, and the controversy over the vote recount sparked her interest in the integrity of elections.

Contributions
In 2017, Teague showed that historical data from the Australian Medicare Benefits Scheme that had supposedly been stripped of identifying details could be re-associated with the names of individual patients.

In 2018, she and Chris Culnane found a security flaw in the New Zealand census, in which the personal data of New Zealanders, supposedly confidential to the New Zealand government, were actually routed through and visible to a company in New York.

In 2019, Teague was part of a team that discovered a flaw in the Swiss national internet voting system that would allow undetected alteration of vote outcomes. The same flaw was later discovered to be present in voting systems in New South Wales, whose electoral commission nevertheless declared them to be safe to use.

Teague also became an outspoken critic of Australia's 2019 anti-encryption laws, at the same time that a change in Australian defence policy severely limited her ability to discuss matters related to cryptography with researchers in other countries.

Recognition
In 2016 the Election Verification Network recognized Teague as the winner of their Election Integrity Research Excellence Award.

References

External links
 
 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Australian cryptographers
University of Melbourne alumni
Stanford University alumni
Academic staff of the University of Melbourne
Australian women computer scientists
Women cryptographers
A. J. Dittenhofer Warehouse. The A. J. Dittenhofer Warehouse is a five-story cast-iron building at 427-429 Broadway in SoHo, Manhattan, New York City. Designed by Thomas R. Jackson in 1870, the building was converted to residential lofts in 2000 by the architect Joseph Pell Lombardi.

References 

1870 establishments in New York (state)
Broadway (Manhattan)
Cast-iron architecture in New York City
Commercial buildings completed in 1870
Commercial buildings in Manhattan
Residential buildings in Manhattan
SoHo, Manhattan
Warehouses in the United States