omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Kim reformer. The Kim reformer is a type of syngas plant invented by Hyun Yong Kim. It is a high temperature furnace (as shown in figure 1), filled with steam and/or carbon dioxide gas and maintaining a thermal equilibrium at a temperature just above 1200 °C, in which the reforming reaction is at its thermodynamic equilibrium and carbonaceous substance is reformed with the highest efficiency.

In December 2000, Kim discovered that the reforming reaction (C + H2O ↔ CO + H2) proceeds at a temperature just above 1200 °C, but not below it. This work was published in International Journal[1] and registered in KR patent, US patent, CN patent, and JP patent.

Overview
The reformer reforms all carbon atoms of carbonaceous feedstock to produce just syngas, no other hydrocarbons. The high temperature furnace is packed with castables to minimize heat loss in such a way as to maintain the inner temperature of a reduction reactor filled with steam and carbon dioxide (CO2) gas at a temperature just above 1200 °C (aka Kim temperature, see figure 2), and it reforms all carbonaceous substances most efficiently to produce syngas. The produced syngas exits from the reduction reactor at a temperature of 1200 °C. The reduction chamber is heated by super-hot gases (steam and CO2) generated in the syngas burner with oxygen gas. The reduction chamber must be constructed to withstand, physically and chemically, the reforming reaction at 1200 °C.

Advantages
Both steam reforming and dry reforming are carried out in this reformer; therefore, it is possible to configure the H2/CO ratio by adjusting the H2O/CO2 ratio in the reduction chamber. The reforming reaction is a very specific elementary reaction; all carbon atoms on the left are reformed into carbon monoxide and all hydrogen atoms are reduced to hydrogen gas. The mixture of two product gases is called syngas. These reforming reactions are an endothermic reduction reaction. In contrast, the conventional gasification reaction is a combination of several reactions operating below 1200 °C and the product is a mixture of many gases.

History of reforming reactions
The process for producing water gas (C + H2O → CO + H2) has been known since the 19th century and it was later found that it is applicable to all carbonaceous substances. Reactions C + H2O ↔ CO + H2 and (-CH2) + H2O → CO + 2H2 are called steam reforming and reactions C + CO2 → 2CO and (-CH2) + CO2 → 2CO + H2, carbon dioxide or dry reforming. The oil industry has used the reforming reactions extensively for the cracking process and to generate hydrogen gas.

References

Chemical equipment
Fuel gas
Synthetic fuels
Bohai Shipyard. Bohai Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. (BSHIC), the former Bohai Shipyard, is a shipyard in China. It is a subsidiary of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation (CSIC), and is located at the Huludao Port, in southwestern Liaoning Province, China, on the northern coast of the Bohai Sea. The company was founded in 1954, and constructed vessels for the Chinese market, expanding in the 1990s to international markets after obtaining ISO 9000 certification. It was briefly part of the Liaoning Shipbuilding Group in the late 1990s before the formations of CSIC.

Bohai Shipyard has produced both civilian and military vessels. It has been particularly instrumental in China's nuclear powered submarine program, constructing the Type 091, the Type 092, the Type 093, and the Type 094. This shipyard also build 4 large bulk carrier, part of Valemax, delivered to Berge Bulk between 2011 - 2013.

In late 2016, Bohai completed a new  covered shipbuilding facility, leading defense industry analysts to speculate that it could be used to increase the submarine production.  It will be able to accommodate the construction of four submarines at once.

References

External links
 Bohai Shipbuilding Heavy Industry website

Shipbuilding companies of China
Shipyards of China
Companies based in Liaoning
Manufacturing companies established in 1954
Chinese companies established in 1954
Submarine builders
CSULB College of Engineering. The California State University, Long Beach College of Engineering is CSULB's third-largest college, with 2022 enrollment of nearly 5,000 undergraduate and graduate students. The college is led by Dr. Jinny Rhee, who was appointed Dean in July 2021, after serving as Associate Dean of the Charles W. Davidson College of Engineering at San Jose State University. The college was led by Interim Dean Tracy Bradley Maples from 2020 to 2021, and Dean Forouzan Golshani from 2007 to 2020. The college's mission is "to develop innovators who design and implement practical solutions to meet the ever-changing societal challenges  of Engineering." The college celebrates the graduation of more than 1,000 new engineers each year.

Established in 1957 with 163 students, the College of Engineering offers accredited Bachelor of Science degrees in aerospace engineering, biomedical engineering (pending), chemical engineering, civil engineering, computer engineering, computer science, construction management, electrical engineering, environmental engineering, engineering technology, and mechanical engineering. Master’s of Science degrees are offered in aerospace engineering, chemical engineering civil engineering, computer science, construction management, electrical engineering, and mechanical engineering. Students may obtain a PhD in Engineering and Computational Mathematics through a joint doctoral program offered with Claremont Graduate University.

The American Society of Engineering Education ranks the CSULB College of Engineering fifth in the nation for its percentage of female tenure/tenure-track faculty and is sixth in the nation for awarding undergraduate engineering degrees to Hispanic students. Diverse Issues in Higher Education also ranked the college third for awarding engineering degrees to minority students. The college of engineering was ranked by  U.S. News as the 137th best engineering college in the United States for postgraduate students. CSULB's COE also offers options to complete one's electrical engineering or mechanical engineering degree at a separate center in the Antelope Valley city of Lancaster, California.

In the face of a nationwide shortage of STEM professionals, the CSULB College of Engineering is working with the Long Beach Unified School District and Long Beach City College to build a “pipeline” of students seeking engineering and sciences as a profession. The CSULB College of Engineering also works closely with industry partners such as Boeing and Northrop Grumman to ensure that programs remain aligned to new engineering opportunities. Boeing has supported internship programs and donated laboratories and equipment to help prepare students for future employment in the aerospace industry, including equipment from the shutdown of Boeing's C-17 Globemaster III program.

The college also produces the BEACH Women in Engineering Conference.

References

California State University, Long Beach
Engineering universities and colleges in California
University subdivisions in California
Lead oxychloride. Lead oxychlorides are halide compounds of lead with the general formula PbClO(H).

Occurrence in nature 
Lead oxychlorides are found naturally in the minerals hereroite as Pb32O212Cl10, in rickturnerite as Pb7O4(OH)Cl3, in vladkrivovichevite as Pb32O18Cl14, in asisite as Pb7SiO4O4Cl2, in damaraite as Pb3Cl(OH)O2, in hereroite as Pb3Cl(OH)O2, in Mendipite as Pb3Cl2O2, and in the dimorph minerals laurionite and paralaurionite, which are PbCl(OH) members of the matlockite group.

Usage 
Historically, the primary use of lead oxychlorides was in a mixture with other lead compounds (e.g. lead carbonate "white lead") as a pigment in lead paints. The lead compounds were first fused, and the product then ground to fine powder. The powder was then suspended in drying oils (e.g. linseed), to produce e.g. Pattinson's white (PbCl2 2Pb(OH)2) or Turner's yellow (PbCl2 5-7PbO). Turner's yellow is also known as Patent yellow, Cassel yellow, Montpelier yellow, Kassler yellow, mineral yellow, and Verona yellow.

In the late 19th century, lead oxychlorides were briefly used in the manufacture of electrodes for lead-acid batteries. Patented by Charles Francis Brush in 1876, the depressions in a ribbed or grooved sheet of lead were filled with pulverized lead oxychloride (later also lead sulfate). In a second step, the grooved sheet was covered with paper and horizontally suspended in a salt or acid solution, to which a zinc plate was then also added. The mixture in the grooved sheet's depressions was then electrolytically reduced to sponge lead, forming a functional lead-acid cell electrode (if subsequently used as a positive electrode, the sponge lead was converted to lead peroxide during the cell's initial "formation" charge). Brush's technique was superseded by the now standard Faure pasting method in 1880.

References

Lead compounds
SpiNNaker. SpiNNaker (spiking neural network architecture) is a massively parallel, manycore supercomputer architecture designed by the Advanced Processor Technologies Research Group (APT) at the Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester.  It is composed of 57,600 processing nodes, each with 18 ARM9 processors (specifically ARM968) and 128 MB of mobile DDR SDRAM, totalling 1,036,800 cores and over 7 TB of RAM.  The computing platform is based on spiking neural networks, useful in simulating the human brain (see Human Brain Project).

The completed design is housed in 10 19-inch racks, with each rack holding over 100,000 cores. The cards holding the chips are held in 5 blade enclosures, and each core emulates 1,000 neurons.  In total, the goal is to simulate the behaviour of aggregates of up to a billion neurons in real time.  This machine requires about 100 kW from a 240 V supply and an air-conditioned environment.

SpiNNaker is being used as one component of the neuromorphic computing platform for the Human Brain Project.

On 14 October 2018 the HBP announced that the million core milestone had been achieved.

On 24 September 2019 HBP announced that an 8 million euro grant, that will fund construction of the second generation machine, (called SpiNNcloud) has been given to TU Dresden.

References

Cybernetics
Supercomputers
Computational neuroscience
Computational fields of study
AI accelerators
Computer architecture
Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester
Science and technology in Greater Manchester
Bushcaddy L-160. The Bushcaddy L-160 is a Canadian kit aircraft that was designed by Jean Eudes Potvin and produced by Club Aeronautique Delisle Incorporated, Canadian Light Aircraft Sales and Service and most recently by Bushcaddy. The aircraft is supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

Design and development
The L-160 was developed from the Bushcaddy R-120 and intended to provide more cargo space or room for a child seat behind the pilot and passenger seats. The designation indicates that the design engine was originally a Lycoming O-320 of .

The L-160 features a strut-braced high-wing, a two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration enclosed cockpit, fixed tricycle landing gear or conventional landing gear and a single engine in tractor configuration. Floats and skis can also be fitted.

The aircraft fuselage is made with a frame of welded 6061-T6 aluminum square tubing, covered in 6061-T6 sheet. Its  span wing employs V-struts with jury struts. The wing has an area of  and flaps. It can accept four-stroke powerplants from . Cabin access is via two fold-up doors.

Construction time for the factory kit is estimated at 1200 hours. Twelve examples were reported completed and flying by December 2011.

Specifications (L-160)

References

External links

Official website

Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Cybermetrics Lab. The Cybermetrics Lab is a research group of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). The organization is responsible for editing the Webometrics Ranking of World Universities. Currently more than 48,000 web domains of academic and research organizations are analyzed and are ranked according to their web presence and link visibility.

The Cybermetrics Lab started to design and compile web indicators in the mid 1990s, editing the first CSIC electronic journal, Cybermetrics, in 1996. Originally part of the National Documentation Center (IEDCYT, now extinct), the group is now located in the new facilities of the CSIC for the Humanities and Social Sciences in Madrid. The head of the group is Isidro F. Aguillo.

Major contributions of the group include the analysis of academic world and regional webpages, the discovery of a digital divide between North American and European top universities, and the development of new statistics for Open Access repositories.

Rankings web

 Universities (since 2004)
 Research Centers (since 2006)
 Hospitals (since 2008).
 Repositories (since 2008)
 Business Schools (since 2008)

EU funded research projects

 EICSTES European Indicators, Cyberspace and the Science-Technology-Economy System
 WISER Web Indicatorsfor Scientific, Technology and innovation Research
  ACUMEN Academic Careers Understood Through Measurement and Norms
 OpenAIRE Open Access Infrastructure for Research in Europe

External links
Cybermetrics e-Journal
Laboratorio de Cibermetría
Centro de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales
Instituto de Bienes y Políticas Públicas

Science and technology in Spain
Bushcaddy L-162 Max. The Bushcaddy L-162 Max is a Canadian kit aircraft that was designed by Sean Gilmore and produced by Canadian Light Aircraft Sales and Service and most recently by Bushcaddy. The aircraft is supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

Design and development
The L-162 was developed from the Bushcaddy L-160 as a result of customer demand for a freight aircraft that could also provide room for a second row of seats behind the pilot and passenger seats. Unlike the L-160's designation, which indicates that the design engine for that model was originally a Lycoming O-320 of , the L-162 designation is just a numerical sequence and does not indicate horsepower.

The L-162 features a strut-braced high-wing, a two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration enclosed cockpit, fixed conventional landing gear, or optionally tricycle landing gear, and a single engine in tractor configuration. Floats and skis can also be fitted.

The aircraft fuselage is made with a frame of welded 6061-T6 aluminum square tubing, covered in 6061-T6 sheet. Its  span wing employs V-struts with jury struts. The wing has an area of  and flaps. It can accept four-stroke powerplants from , with the Lycoming O-360 of  commonly used. Cabin access is via two fold-up doors.

Construction time for the factory kit is estimated at 1200 hours. Twelve examples had been completed and flown by December 2011.

Specifications (L-162 Max)

References

External links

Official website

Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Photovoltaic engineering in Australia. Photovoltaic and renewable energy engineering is an area of research, development, and demonstration in Australia.  Two Australian Research Council Centres play a role.

School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering

The School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy Engineering at the University of NSW offers undergraduate training and postgraduate and research training opportunities in the area of photovoltaics and solar energy.  It is widely recognised for its research in the area of photovoltaics, most of which is now conducted under the ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Silicon Photovoltaics and Photonics.

School of Engineering and Energy

The School of Engineering and Energy at Murdoch University offers a degree programs in physics, nanotechnology, engineering and energy.

ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Silicon Photovoltaics and Photonics

The ARC Centre of Excellence for Advanced Silicon Photovoltaics and Photonics opened on 13 June 2003. The Centre is engaged in silicon photovoltaic research and applying these advances to the related field of photonics. The Centre is made up of five research teams seeking ways of improving the efficiency and cost of silicon based photovoltaic and photonic devices.

ARC Centre of Excellence for Solar Energy Systems

The focus for the ARC Centre of Excellence for Solar Energy Systems is the development of improved silicon concentrator solar cells for 10-50 sun linear concentrators. Centre activities are located at the Centre for Sustainable Energy Systems in the Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology at the Australian National University. The Director of the ARC Centre for Solar Energy Systems is Professor Andrew Blakers and the Deputy Director is Dr Vernie Everett.

Innovation 
A sound barrier composed of solar panels helps light a section of the Tullamarine Calder Interchange in northern Melbourne and received an award.

See also

High efficiency solar cells
Martin Green
Renewable energy in Australia
Solar power in Australia
Shi Zhengrong

References

External links
Desert Knowledge Australia Solar Centre
Solar Kogarah - developing and commercialising sustainable energy technology
Slicing the cost of solar power
Solar breakthrough could lead to cheaper power

Renewable energy in Australia
Solar power in Australia
Science and technology in Australia
Bushcaddy L-164. The Bushcaddy L-164 is a Canadian kit aircraft that was designed by Sean Gilmore and produced by Canadian Light Aircraft Sales and Service and most recently by Bushcaddy. The aircraft is supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

Design and development
The L-164 was developed from the Bushcaddy L-162 as a true four-seat aircraft. Unlike the L-160's designation, which indicates that the design engine for that model was originally a Lycoming O-320 of , the L-164 designation is just a numerical sequence and does not indicate horsepower.

The L-164 features a strut-braced high-wing, a four-seat enclosed cockpit, fixed conventional landing gear, or optionally tricycle landing gear, and a single engine in tractor configuration. Floats and skis can also be fitted.

The aircraft fuselage is made with a frame of welded 6061-T6 aluminum square tubing, covered in 6061-T6 sheet. Its  span wing employs V-struts with jury struts. The wing has an area of  and flaps. It can accept four-stroke powerplants from , with the Lycoming O-360 of  and a Franklin Engine Company powerplant of  commonly used. Cabin access is via two fold-up doors.

Construction time for the factory kit is estimated at 1200 hours or 300 hours from the quick-build kit. Four examples had been completed and flown by December 2011.

Variants
L-164 B
Passenger model.
L-164 C
All cargo model.

Specifications (L-164)

References

External links
Official website

Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Camera module. A camera module is an image sensor integrated with a lens, control electronics,
and an interface like CSI, Ethernet or plain raw low-voltage differential signaling.

See also
 IP camera
 Mobile Industry Processor Interface (MIPI)
 Elphel - multi-sensor camera based on FPGA and Ethernet interface. Previous camera models were used with Google Books and street view

References 

Computing input devices
Digital photography
Image sensors
Video
Aeronautical operations technician. __notoc__

Within France, Technicien aéronautique d'exploitation (TAE, in English "Aeronautical operations technician") is a government occupational certification created in 2011. It is a title recognised by the Commission nationale de la certification professionnelle ("National Commission for Professional Certification", CNCP), and recorded as level IV in the National Classification of Levels of Training. Students graduate after completion of training at the École nationale de l'aviation civile  ("French Civil Aviation University", ENAC).

Originally named Agent d'Exploitation ("Handling Agent" or "Flight Dispatcher"), the TAE course was created in 1962 and renamed in November 2010.

Application 
Students have three possible ways to take the course:
 Competitive examination organized by ENAC each year
 French Baccalauréat and two years of working in the air transport industry
 Students preparing for the Airline Transport Pilot License theory (CPATPL) course of ENAC

Training 
The training is seven months long, and takes place in either Toulouse or, since September 2012, on the Aerocampus of Latresne in a dual education system. The curriculum consists of both aeronautics lessons and practical lessons: air navigation, telecommunications and aeronautical information, aircraft flight mechanics, navigation, avionics, meteorology, air operations, air law and English.

The course ends with a four-week internship.

Occupations 
A person with a TAE can be responsible for flight preparation and flight planning, passengers, freight management and pricing, and are frequently employed by an airline or airport.

See also 
 Technicien supérieur de l'aviation

References
Notes

Bibliography
 Gilotte, Ariane; Husson, Jean-Philippe; and Lazerge, Cyril 50 ans d'Énac au service de l'aviation, Édition S.E.E.P.P, 1999

External links
 ENAC TAE course

Technicians
Professional titles and certifications
Occupations in aviation
École nationale de l'aviation civile
Aviation licenses and certifications
45th Launch Support Squadron. The 45th Launch Support Squadron(45 LCSS) is a United States Air Force unit stationed at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida. It is assigned to the 45th Launch Group along with its sister squadron the 5th Space Launch Squadron.

Mission
The 45th Launch Support Squadron (LCSS) delivers a broad array of organic launch and launch support capabilities.  In partnership with the satellite system directorates, the LCSS provides launch-base mission assurance for satellites by overseeing spacecraft hardware arrival, launch preparations, testing and launch. In addition, the squadron contains a program management office which ensures delivery of mission-critical facilities, launch support services such as training and ordnance management, and programmatic resources to Eastern Range customers. Finally, the LCSS provides a single interface for emerging DoD, civil, and commercial launch providers to access 45 SW services and successfully bring new launch capabilities to the United States.

History
The 45th Launch Support Squadron was activated on 30 June 2005. The first mission with spacecraft processed by the 45 LCSS was the Micro-satellite Technology Experiment (MiTEx) which launched on 21 June 2006.

Emblem
Description

On a disc Sable, arrayed to chief three deltas Silver Gray each with a contrail Or fimbriated Tenné issuing from behind a terrestrial globe Proper, environed by an orbit of the fourth charged with a sphere of the second, all within a narrow border Orange.

Attached below the disc, a Black scroll edged with a narrow Orange border and inscribed “45TH LAUNCH SUPPORT SQUADRON” in Orange letters.

Symbolism

Ultramarine blue and Air Force yellow are the Air Force colors.  Blue alludes to the sky, the primary theater of Air Force operations.  Yellow refers to the sun and the excellence required of Air Force personnel.  The black background represents space.  The three deltas signify the multiple launch vehicles the Squadron supports and the three Air Force Core Values:  Integrity First, Service Before Self, and Excellence in All We Do.  The earth and orbiting satellite describes the global nature of the unit’s mission.

List of commanders

Lt Col Scott Traxler
Lt Col John Wagner
Lt Col Erik Bowman
Lt Col Gerard G. Gleckel Jr.
Lt Col Paul P. Konyha III
Lt Col Matthew E. Holston, July 2014 – July 2016
Lt Col Kathryn Cantu, 15 August 2016 – present

45 LCSS Missions

List of LCSS Launches

References

External links

Space Launch 5
Military units and formations in Florida