omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
CoreXY. CoreXY is a technique used to move the printhead of a 3D printer or the toolhead in CNC machines in the horizontal plane. The advantage of this technique is that the two motors used to perform the movement in the horizontal plane are stationary and do not have to move themselves, which can result in less moving mass. Instead, drive belts are used which are connected in an intricate way to provide movement in a Cartesian coordinate system. Compared to conventional Cartesian 3D printers for fused filament, it can provide increased printing speed due to less moving mass.

Movement 
For movement along the x-axis, both motors must rotate in the same direction. For movement along the y-axis, the motors must rotate in opposite directions. If only one motor rotates, the movement will be diagonal.

The movement can be mathematically described as follows. If A is the movement of the first motor and B the movement of the second motor, the movement in the x and y directions is given by:

Compared to conventional printers 
Other Cartesian 3D printers which do not use the CoreXY technique most commonly also use two motors for the xy-plane, but where one motor is independently responsible for movement along the x-axis, and the other independently responsible for movement along the y-axis. This is sometimes called a Cartesian technique. "Bed slinger" is a cartesian variant where the build surface moves along the y-axis, and the print head moves along the x-axis, and this technique is used on amongst other the Prusa i3 and clones.

See also 
 Delta robot, a parallel robot mechanism used in delta 3D printers
 SCARA, a robot arm-like mechanism used in 3D printers
 Voron 2.4, a CoreXY printer with open source hardware and software

References 

Mechanisms (engineering)
3D printing
Xu Hang. Xu Hang (born 1967) is a Chinese billionaire business magnate. He is the co-founder and co-CEO of the Shenzhen-based multinational medical instrumentation manufacturer Mindray Medical International.

Xu Hang holds a BA degree from Tsinghua University. Later he did his MA in biomedical engineering at the Department of Electrical Engineering of Tsinghua. After graduation, Xu became famous for inventing China's first domestic color B-ultrasound machine, for which he even won the National Progress Award. In 1991, he became one of the founders of Mindray, together with Li Xiting and Cheng Minghe (), which soon became the nation's largest high-tech medical equipment manufacturer. In 2001, Xu also established Pengrui Investment Group Co., Ltd which focuses on high-tech environmental protection, real estate and ecotourism project development. In 2012, he resigned from the co-CEO position of Minday but continued serving as the chairman of the company.

Xu made Forbes magazine's 2022 The World's Billionaires list with an estimated wealth of US$16.1 billion and occupied the 113th position in the world.

In 2023 and 2024 major home sales in Beverly Hills, Hong Kong, Newport Beach, and New York City were linked to him.

References 

1967 births
Living people
Chinese businesspeople
Chinese billionaires
20th-century Chinese businesspeople
21st-century Chinese businesspeople
Castor oil glycidyl ether. Castor oil glycidyl ether is a liquid organic chemical in the glycidyl ether family. It is sometimes called castor oil triglycidyl ether. It has the theoretical formula C66H116O12. There are two CAS numbers in use,  14228-73-0 and 74398-71-3. The IUPAC name is 2,3-bis[[(E)-12-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)octadec-9-enoyl]oxy]propyl (E)-12-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)octadec-9-enoate. A key use is acting as a modifier for epoxy resins as a reactive diluent that adds flexibility and improved mechanical properties.

Manufacture
It is made by glycidation of castor oil which is a vegetable oil. Castor oil and epichlorohydrin are reacted in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst to form halohydrin: each hydroxyl group of the triol reacts with an epoxide on epichlorohydrin. This process is followed neutralizing the catalyst with a small amount of sodium hydroxide and then adding a large excess of epichlorohydrin as solvent. To re-form the epoxide rings in a dehydrochlorination reaction, solid sodium hydroxide flake is used rather than a solution. On completion the epichlorohydrin is recovered and the product cleaned up. One of the quality control tests would involve measuring the epoxy value by determination of the epoxy equivalent weight.

Uses
A 2018 study concluded that its use as a flexiblizing agent as well as an epoxy diluent has application in the aviation field. Poly(propylene glycol) diglycidyl ether may also be used for the same application but has the perceived disadvantage that it is petroleum based rather than renewable plant based like the castor oil glycidyl ether. A patent application shows it may also be used as a co-reactant-surfactant in herbicide production. As the molecule has 3 oxirane functionalities, a key use is modifying and reducing the viscosity of epoxy resins. These reactive diluent modified epoxy resins may then be further formulated into CASE applications: coatings, adhesives, sealants, elastomers. It is also used in composite production. It produces epoxy coatings with high impact resistance. Polymer systems with shape memory may also be produced with this particular molecule. The use of the diluent does effect mechanical properties and microstructure of epoxy resins.   Production of biocompatible materials is also possible and the material is often classed as a renewable resource. It has also found use in oil well petroleum recovery.

See also
 Epoxide
 Glycidol

References

Further reading

External websites
  Castor Oil Triglycidyl Ether Technical Data Sheet
  Hexion Website  Heloxy modifier 505 
   PE-412 Castor Oil Glycidyl ether (aalchem.com)
  Safety Data Sheet
   Current Intelligence Bulletin 29: Glycidyl Ethers (79-104) | NIOSH | CDC 

Glycidyl ethers
Reactive diluents
Tyumen Higher Military Engineer Command School named after A.I. Proshlyakov. Tyumen Higher Military Engineer Command School named after marshal of engineering troops A.I. Proshlyakov is a Russian higher military school conducting warrant officer programmes and commissioned officer programmes (specialitet). It is located in Tyumen.

History
The Academy was founded in 1940 as Tallinn Military Infantry School. In 1941, it was relocated to Tyumen. In 1957, the school changed its specialization and became Tyumen Military Engineering School. In 1968, it was renamed the Tyumen Higher Military Engineer Command School. In 1974, it was given the name of marshal of engineering troops A.I. Proshlyakov.

Educational programmes
The School prepares officers for the engineering troops of the Ground Forces.

Alumni
 Vladimir Puchkov
 Nikolai Serdtsev

Notes

References

External links
 Official website

Military high schools
Howley Bridge. The Howley Bridge is a pedestrian footbridge which spans the River Mersey in Warrington, England. It connects Howley in Warrington to Victoria Park in Latchford.

The bridge was constructed in 1912 by the London-based David Rowell & Co. It is a suspension bridge, constructed primarily of wrought iron with steel suspension cables and a timber-planked walkway.

The bridge is similar in construction, appearance and properties to other bridges made by the company, such as Daly's Bridge. The Howley Bridge also shares the shakiness for which Daly's Bridge is known.

The bridge received maintenance during the construction of the Warrington Flood defences.

The bridge is a registered Grade II listed building.

References 

Grade II listed bridges
Bridges in Cheshire
Bridges completed in 1912
Pedestrian bridges in England
Kashimbila Hydroelectric Power Station. The Kashimbila Hydroelectric Power Station, also Kashimbilla Hydroelectric Power Station is a 40 MW hydroelectric power station across the Katsina-Ala River in Nigeria. Originally intended to be an 18 megawatt  installation, the dam and power station were re-configured to a 40 MW power station and the dam reservoir expanded from 200Mm3 to 500Mm3. The energy generated here is distributed within Taraba State, helping to meet an estimated 80 percent of households and businesses, as of 2020.

Design
The hydroelectric plant was intended to resolve ecological issues and increase local power supply. Zutari Engineering of South Arica was hired to carry out "a technical feasibility study" of the dam's spillway in 2011. Later, Zutari was hired to perform the "detailed design of the dam, a technical feasibility study of the hydropower station, and, eventually the detailed design of the hydropower station". Zutari also provided engineering services for the laying of an estimated  of 132kV double circuit high voltage transmission evacuation lines and  of 33kV double-circuit transmission lines and five new substations. Commercial commissioning was effected in December 2019.

Location
The power station lies across the Katsina River, near the town of Kashimbila, a Kambove Territory, town under Takum LGA Wukari Federation, Taraba State, in North-eastern Nigeria, close to the international border with Cameroon. Kashimbila is located approximately  south of Wukari Town, the nearest large town. This is approximately  southwest of Jalingo, the capital of Taraba State. The geographical coordinates of Kashimbila Hydroelectric Power Station are: 06°52'27.0"N, 9°45'43.0"E (Latitude:6.874167; Longitude:9.761944).

Overview
The Kashimbila Dam was conceived during the 2011 to 2015 time frame. Its objective is multipurpose. The first goal is to mitigate flooding which used to affect an estimated six million people in Taraba State, Benue State, Cross River State, Kogi State and Delta State. The second goal is to provide drinking water to neighboring communities, with an estimated population of 400,000 people. The third goal is to provide clean electricity for use, primarily in Taraba State. The fourth objective is to provide water for irrigation to an estimated .

The energy generated at this power station is evacuated via a number of 33kV and 132kV high voltage transmission lines to locations where the electricity is integrated into the Nigerian electricity grid. The evacuation power lines and associated substations were built new, as part of this development project.

See also

 List of power stations in Nigeria
 Mambilla Hydroelectric Power Station

References

External links
 Kashimbila Dam

Taraba State
Energy infrastructure completed in 2019
Hydroelectricity in Nigeria
Dams in Nigeria
Hydroelectric power stations in Nigeria
2019 establishments in Nigeria
21st-century architecture in Nigeria
Hafnocene dichloride. Hafnocene dichloride is the organohafnium compound with the formula . It is a white solid that is sparingly soluble in some organic solvents.  The lighter homologues zirconacene dichloride and titanocene dichloride have received much more attention. While hafnocene is only of academic interest, some more soluble derivatives are precatalysts for olefin polymerization. Moreso than the Zr analogue, this compound is highly resistant to reduction.

It is prepared by a salt metathesis reaction from hafnium tetrachloride by salt metathesis:

Derivatives
Hydrolysis gives the trimer .

The chloride ligands can be replaced by other halides.

The bis(phosphide)  can be prepared by salt metathesis from hafnocene dichloride.

References

Metallocenes

Chloro complexes
Cyclopentadienyl complexes
Hafnium compounds
Alice E. Smith. Alice E. Smith is an American industrial engineer whose research concerns mathematical optimization for complex applications in manufacturing, business planning, advanced materials, and communication networks, based on problems including facility location and network design. She is Joe W. Forehand/Accenture Professor of Industrial and Systems Engineering at Auburn University, where she also holds an adjunct appointment in the Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering.

Education and career
Smith is a 1979 graduate of Rice University, where she majored in civil engineering. Following this, she worked for Southwestern Bell Corporation as an engineer and engineering manager for ten years, from 1979 to 1989. In this time, she also  earned an MBA at Saint Louis University in 1988.

Returning to graduate study in engineering, she completed a PhD in 1991 at the Missouri University of Science and Technology, focusing on engineering management and systems engineering. She became an assistant professor of industrial engineering at the University of Pittsburgh in 1991, and associate professor there in 1996, before moving to Auburn University in 1999 as full professor and chair of the Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering. She was named Philpott—WestPoint Stevens Professor in 2001, W. Allen and Martha Reed Professor in 2012, and Joe W. Forehand/Accenture Distinguished Professor in 2015.

Recognition
Smith was named a Fellow of the Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers in 2003. She is a Fellow of the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences, elected in the 2021 class of fellows.

Smith was the 2009 winner of the WORMS Award for the Advancement of Women in Operations Research and Management Science.
In 2012, the Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers gave Smith their Albert G. Holzman Distinguished Educator Award. She won the Wellington Award of the Engineering Economy Division of the Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers, for her lifetime achievements in the field.

References

External links
Home page

Conversations on Gender Equality: Alice E. Smith, Springer Nature

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American industrial engineers
American women engineers
Rice University alumni
Saint Louis University alumni
Missouri University of Science and Technology alumni
University of Pittsburgh faculty
Auburn University faculty
Fellows of the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences
Boris B. Zvyagin. Boris Borisovich Zvyagin (April 14, 1921 – September 18, 2002) was a Russian mineralogist and crystallographer. He is a pioneer in the structural study of layer minerals by electron diffraction and is also known for his work on modular structures, including polymorphism, polytypism, and order-disorder structures in crystals.

Zvyagin attended Moscow State University without entrance exams, graduating with a degree in physics in 1944. He worked at the All-Union Geological Institute since 1949 and was awarded doctor of science in 1963 at the Moscow Soil Institute. He then moved to the Institute of Ore Mineralogy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, heading the laboratory there. Zvyagin became a professor of crystallography and mineralogy in 1977 at the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Zvyagin was awarded the Bailey Distinguished Member Award by The Clay Minerals Society in 2000.

Bibliography

References 

1921 births
2002 deaths
Crystallographers
Russian mineralogists
Moscow State University alumni
Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Awa Chuo Dam. Awa Chuo Dam is an earthfill dam located in Chiba Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for irrigation. The catchment area of the dam is 14.9 km2. The dam impounds about 20  ha of land when full and can store 2113 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was completed in 1972.

References

Dams in Chiba Prefecture
1972 establishments in Japan
Tertiary review. In software engineering, a tertiary review is a systematic review of systematic reviews. It is also referred to as a tertiary study in the software engineering literature. However, Umbrella review is the term more commonly used in medicine.

Kitchenham et al.  suggest that methodologically there is no difference between a systematic review and a tertiary review. However, as the software engineering community has started performing tertiary reviews new concerns unique to tertiary reviews have surfaced. These include the challenge of quality assessment of systematic reviews, search validation and the additional risk of double counting.

Examples of Tertiary reviews in software engineering literature
 Test quality 
 Machine Learning
 Test-driven development

References

Software engineering
Meta-analysis
Chlorotrifluoropropane. Chlorotrifluoropropane (also known as 1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropane or R-253) is a hydrochlorofluorocarbon with the chemical formula ) . It is a volatile derivative propane. It appears as a colourless, odorless non-flammable liquid.

Toxicity and Reactivity 
Chlorotrifluoropropane is acutely toxic and upon heating to decomposition, it will emit chlorine and fluorine gases, both of which can be toxic to living organisms at low concentrations. Chlorotrifluoropropane will not readily undergo a reaction with water or air.

See also 

 F-Gases
 List of Refrigerants

References 

Hydrochlorofluorocarbons
American Battery Technology Company. American Battery Technology Company, formerly American Battery Metals Corporation, is a US-based battery recycling technology startup founded in 2011. It employs a hydrometallurgical process to recycle batteries and a targeted extraction system to extract raw materials from primary resources.

In 2019, the company was selected as winner of BASF’s Battery Recycling Circularity Challenge, allowing for the demonstration of its lithium-ion battery recycling technology as part of the Greentown Labs accelerator program. In 2021, it received a $2 million contract from the United States Advanced Battery Consortium, in collaboration with the U.S. Department of Energy for commercialization of its integrated lithium-ion battery recycling system.

In October 2022, it was selected for a $57 million grant by the Department of Energy to design, construct, commission, and operate a first-of-its-kind commercial-scale facility to demonstrate its process for the manufacturing of battery cathode-grade lithium hydroxide from unconventional Nevada-based lithium-bearing sedimentary resources.

The company's Research Development Center has been located at the Nevada Center for Applied Research at the University of Nevada Reno since 2021.

Stock market trading 
On September 21, 2023, American Battery Technology Company listed on the NASDAQ stock exchange under the ticker $ABAT. Previous to this, it was traded over the counter under the ticker $ABML. 

ABML rose to popular awareness as a penny stock in early 2021 alongside other meme stocks such as AMC and Gamestop. Various forums on Reddit, including WallStreetBets, have mentioned and promoted American Battery Technology Company.

References 

American companies established in 2011
Electronics companies of the United States
Battery recycling
Electric vehicle industry
Meme stocks
JoeBen Bevirt. JoeBen Bevirt (born ) is an American serial entrepreneur and the founder and the chief executive officer of Joby Aviation, a California-based aerospace company. He is the recipient of the 2018 Haueter Award and holds more than 160 U.S. patents in aerodynamics, aircraft design, electric and hydrogen propulsion.

Early life and education 
Bevirt was born to Paula Fry and Ron Bevirt. He was raised in the Last Chance community in Santa Cruz County, California. His name was inspired by the character JoeBen in his family friend Ken Kesey’s novel Sometimes a Great Notion.

Bevirt graduated from Santa Cruz High School in 1991. He holds a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering from University of California, Davis and a Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering from Stanford University.

Career 
Bevirt had been interested in engineering since his childhood and built one of the world’s first full-suspension mountain bikes while in high school. He co-founded Velocity11 in 1999 to develop robotic laboratory systems for life sciences discovery. The company was later acquired by Agilent Technologies in 2007. 

In 2006, Bevirt founded Joby Inc., a consumer products company that developed the Gorillapod flexible camera tripod. Bevirt also started Joby Energy with a focus on airborne wind turbines.

In 2009, he founded Joby Aviation, a company pioneering the development of all-electric aircraft that can take off and land vertically, while cruising like a traditional airplane. In 2020, his company received a signed G-1 Certification Basis from the FAA and airworthiness certification from the US Air Force. On August 11th 2021, the company began trading on the New York Stock Exchange, making Bevirt the world’s first eVTOL billionaire according to media reports.    

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Bevirt worked with the genetics team at the University of California Santa Cruz to launch SummerBio, a company that provides affordable PCR tests.   

In March 2022, Bevirt was invited to testify before the United States House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee during a hearing addressing concerns around aviation noise.

Achievements 
In 2018, Bevirt was announced as one of UC Davis’ ‘Most Distinguished Alumni’. He was also the 2018 recipient of the Paul. E. Haueter Award, presented by the Vertical Flight Society to recognize outstanding technical contributions to the field of vertical flight.

Personal life 
Bevirt lives in Santa Cruz with his wife, Jenny, and four children.

References 

1970s births
Living people
University of California, Davis alumni
Stanford University alumni
Santa Cruz High School alumni
Mireia Borrás Pabón. Mireia Borrás Pabón (; born 14 October 1986) is a Spanish politician and former member of the Congress of Deputies the Vox party.

Biography
She has a degree in Economics and Journalism and a Master's in Finance from Charles III University of Madrid. After graduating, she worked for KPMG in Spain and later at Ernst & Young in London. She has founded two companies that produce environmental technology, including GoiPlug which manufactures eco-friendly portable batteries. Her support of  environmental protection and decision to attend the 2019 United Nations Climate Change Conference has been highlighted by some journalists due to Vox's rejection of the scientific consensus on climate change, although Pabón has not publicly commented on this.

She was elected to the Congress of Deputies in the November 2019 Spanish general election for Vox representing the Madrid constituency.

References 

1986 births
Living people
Members of the 14th Congress of Deputies (Spain)
Vox (political party) politicians
Spanish women in politics
Politicians from Madrid
Charles III University of Madrid alumni
Kuramochi Dam. Kuramochi Dam is an earthfill dam located in Chiba Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for irrigation. The catchment area of the dam is 0.4 km2. The dam impounds about 14  ha of land when full and can store 77 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was started in 1967 and completed in 1968.

References

Dams in Chiba Prefecture
1968 establishments in Japan
Boris Vainshtein. Boris Konstantinovich Vainshtein (Russian: Бори́с Константи́нович Вайнште́йн, 10 July 1921 – 28 October 1996) was a Russian crystallographer. He headed the Laboratory of Protein Crystallography of the Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography RAS, and was the director of the institute, where he spent the majority of his career.

Vainshtein studied at the Lomonosov Moscow State University and the Institute of Steel.

In 1990 Vainshtein won the second IUCr Ewald Prize "for his contributions to the development of theories and methods of structure analysis by electron and X-ray diffraction and for his applications of his theories to structural investigations of polymers, liquid crystals, peptides and proteins".

See also
 Alexei Vasilievich Shubnikov

Bibliography

References

1921 births
1996 deaths
Crystallographers
Russian physical chemists
Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Moscow State University alumni