omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Thiru Vikram. Thiru Vikram (born July 25, 1995) is an inventor, engineer and entrepreneur, who is the CEO of Buffalo Automation, a technology company headquartered in Buffalo, New York, that provides autonomous navigation technology for commercial ships and recreational boats.

Early life and career 
Vikram attended the Lawrence School, Lovedale, in Ootacamund, Tamil Nadu, India. Vikram was a Head Boy and a member of the Robotics Club at Lovedale.

He studied computer science and electrical engineering at the University at Buffalo School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, where he founded Buffalo Automation with fellow students. The company was  founded to design and build an artificial intelligence system called AutoMate that enables ships and boats to self-navigate. In 2016, Vikram left the University at Buffalo to focus on the company full-time.

Vikram is a Dravidian Indian-American originally from the state of Tamil Nadu in South India and is a Hindu.

Vikram served in the US Army Reserve as a combat engineer.

Awards 
Vikram was awarded first place in the 2018 Entrepreneurs' Organization Global Student Entrepreneurship Awards Western NY Competition.

In 2021, Vikram was recognized as a distinguished alumnus by the University at Buffalo.

In 2022, Vikram was featured as one of the United States’ 18 Top CEOs in the Assistive Technology Startup Space and among the Top 44 in Navigation by Boardroom Media.

Inventions 
Vikram is listed as an inventor in a few patents, including:

 A sensor system for maritime vessels. 
 A deep learning intelligent sensing system integration. 
 Training a deep learning system for maritime applications. 
 A deep learning intelligent sensing system for port operations. 
 A lane and object detection systems and methods.

References 

American engineers
1995 births
Living people
STM (Turkish company). STM (Savunma Teknolojileri Mühendislik ve Ticaret A.Ş. / Defense Technologies Engineering and Trade Co AS) is a defence company in Turkey, operating in the civil, public (including military) and private sectors. STM produces various products and services in the fields of air, naval and land defense, as well as software and cyberspace.

STM is one of the contractors of the Turkish Armed Forces, supplying security forces, particularly the Turkish Naval Forces, with indigenous systems and solutions.

History
STM was established in 1991 by decree from the Turkish Government’s Defence Industry Executive Committee to provide project management, system engineering, technology transfer, technical and logistical support, and consultancy services to the Presidency of the Republic of Turkey, Presidency of Defense Industries (SSB) and the Turkish Armed Forces (TSK).

STM was included in the Defense News Top 100, which ranks the world’s top 100 defense companies for three consecutive years, starting in 2018.

Governance
STM is headed by the Chairman of the Board Prof. Dr. İhsan Kaya and General Manager Özgür Güleryüz.

Operations
STM has three main divisions: engineering, technology and consultancy. It operates in the fields of military naval platforms, cybersecurity, autonomous systems, radar systems, satellite technologies, command and control systems, certification and consultancy.

Major projects
STM's major projects include:
 MILGEM project: Istanbul-class frigate, Ada-class corvette
STM served as the main subcontractor in the construction of MİLGEM Ada-Class Corvettes, Turkey’s first national corvette project.
 Reis-class submarine
STM has taken part in the Reis-Class (Type-214) New Type Submarine program for the Turkish Navy which is powered by air-independent propulsion systems and has completed the deliveries of the hull Torpedo Section 50.
 TAI/AgustaWestland T129 ATAK helicopter – mission support system
STM also contributed to the digital map support project in the ATAK Helicopter project in 2011 and launched the NATO Integration Core (INT-CORE) project.

 ALTAY main battle tank – Command, Control, Communications and Information System
 Modernisation of Pakistan Navy Agosta 90B class submarines
In 2016, STM completed the modernization of the French-made Agosta 90B Khalid-Class Submarines in the inventory of Pakistan. The modernization of the two submarines was completed in Turkey, whereas the modernization of the last submarine is continuing in Karachi, Pakistan.
 Production of Turkish electronic identity cards
 Engineering support for Pakistan's build of the Fleet Tanker, PNS Moawin (A39)
 Production of the STM Kargu rotary wing drone

References

External links
STM website (English version)

Turkish companies established in 1991
Defence companies of Turkey
Unmanned aerial vehicle manufacturers of Turkey
Ellen Longmire. Ellen Kathryn Longmire is an American applied physicist and mechanical engineer known for her research in experimental fluid dynamics and turbulence. She is a professor of aerospace engineering and mechanics at the University of Minnesota, where she is also Associate Dean for Academic Affairs in the College of Science & Engineering,, the former chair of the American Physical Society Division of Fluid Dynamics, and one of three editors-in-chief of the journal Experiments in Fluids.

Education and career
Longmire majored in physics at Princeton University, graduating in 1982. After a year at the Technical University of Braunschweig, and work in industry at Honeywell, Hauni-Werke Koerber, and Science Applications International, she went to Stanford University for graduate study in mechanical engineering, earning a master's degree in 1985 and completing a Ph.D. in 1990.

She became an assistant professor in the University of Minnesota Department of Aerospace Engineering and Mechanics in 1990, and was named McKnight Land-Grant Assistant Professor in 1994. She was promoted to a full professorship in 2003, and associate dean in 2018.

She chaired the American Physical Society Division of Fluid Dynamics in 2016.

Recognition
Longmire was named a Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS) in 2006, after a nomination by the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics, "for innovative experiments in turbulent and particle-laden flows, and the development of new and improved flow diagnostic techniques".

References

External links

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American physicists
American women physicists
American mechanical engineers
American women engineers
Princeton University alumni
Stanford University alumni
University of Minnesota faculty
Fellows of the American Physical Society
American women academics
21st-century American women
Chinese frigate Anyang. Anyang (599) is a Type 054A frigate of the People's Liberation Army Navy. She was commissioned on 12 April 2018.

Development and design 

The Type 054A carries HQ-16 medium-range air defence missiles and anti-submarine missiles in a vertical launching system (VLS) system. The HQ-16 has a range of up to 50 km, with superior range and engagement angles to the Type 054's HQ-7. The Type 054A's VLS uses a hot launch method; a shared common exhaust system is sited between the two rows of rectangular launching tubes.

The four AK-630 close-in weapon systems (CIWS) of the Type 054 were replaced with two Type 730 CIWS on the Type 054A. The autonomous Type 730 provides improved reaction time against close-in threats.

Construction and career 
Anyang was launched on 28 March 2017 at the Hudong-Zhonghua Shipyard in Shanghai. Commissioned on 12 April 2018.

Gallery

References 

2017 ships
Ships built in China
Type 054 frigates
Chinese frigate Nantong (601). Nantong (601) is a Type 054A frigate of the People's Liberation Army Navy. She was commissioned on 23 January 2019.

Development and design 

The Type 054A carries HQ-16 medium-range air defence missiles and anti-submarine missiles in a vertical launching system (VLS) system. The HQ-16 has a range of up to 50 km, with superior range and engagement angles to the Type 054's HQ-7. The Type 054A's VLS uses a hot launch method; a shared common exhaust system is sited between the two rows of rectangular launching tubes.

The four AK-630 close-in weapon systems (CIWS) of the Type 054 were replaced with two Type 730 CIWS on the Type 054A. The autonomous Type 730 provides improved reaction time against close-in threats.

Construction and career 
Nantong was launched on 16 December 2017 at the Hudong-Zhonghua Shipyard in Shanghai. Commissioned on 23 January 2019.

References 

2017 ships
Ships built in China
Type 054 frigates
Chinese frigate Zaozhuang. Zaozhuang (542) is a Type 054A frigate of the People's Liberation Army Navy. She was commissioned on 22 February 2019.

Development and design 

The Type 054A carries HQ-16 medium-range air defence missiles and anti-submarine missiles in a vertical launching system (VLS) system. The HQ-16 has a range of up to 50 km, with superior range and engagement angles to the Type 054's HQ-7. The Type 054A's VLS uses a hot launch method; a shared common exhaust system is sited between the two rows of rectangular launching tubes.

The four AK-630 close-in weapon systems (CIWS) of the Type 054 were replaced with two Type 730 CIWS on the Type 054A. The autonomous Type 730 provides improved reaction time against close-in threats.

Construction and career 
Zaozhuang was launched on 30 June 2018 at the China State Shipbuilding Corporation in Shanghai. Commissioned on 22 February 2019.

The Singapore Navy ships RSS Intrepid and RSS Sovereignty conducted a joint naval exercise with Guiyang and Zaozhuang in the South China Sea on 24 February 2021.

References 

2018 ships
Ships built in China
Type 054 frigates
Chinese frigate Rizhao. Rizhao (598) is a Type 054A frigate of the People's Liberation Army Navy. She was commissioned on 12 January 2018.

Development and design 

The Type 054A carries HQ-16 medium-range air defence missiles and anti-submarine missiles in a vertical launching system (VLS) system. The HQ-16 has a range of up to 50 km, with superior range and engagement angles to the Type 054's HQ-7. The Type 054A's VLS uses a hot launch method; a shared common exhaust system is sited between the two rows of rectangular launching tubes.

The four AK-630 close-in weapon systems (CIWS) of the Type 054 were replaced with two Type 730 CIWS on the Type 054A. The autonomous Type 730 provides improved reaction time against close-in threats.

Construction and career 
Rizhao was launched on 1 April 2017 at the China State Shipbuilding Corporation in Shanghai. Commissioned on 12 January 2018.

In February 2023, the frigate was deployed to the south Indian Ocean to engage in joint exercises with the South African and Russian navies that were to be held in waters off South Africa. The exercise began on 18 February and involved the frigate Admiral Gorshkov and tanker Kama from the Russian Navy along with the People's Liberation Army Navy destroyer Huainan and the support ship Kekexilihu. Several vessels from the South African Navy were expected to participate including the frigate Mendi as well as the Warrior-class patrol vessel King Sekhukhune I and the hydrographic survey vessel SAS Protea.

References 

2017 ships
Ships built in China
Type 054 frigates
Chinese frigate Handan. Handan (579) is a Type 054A frigate of the People's Liberation Army Navy. She was commissioned on 16 August 2018.

Development and design 

The Type 054A carries HQ-16 medium-range air defence missiles and anti-submarine missiles in a vertical launching system (VLS) system. The HQ-16 has a range of up to 50 km, with superior range and engagement angles to the Type 054's HQ-7. The Type 054A's VLS uses a hot launch method; a shared common exhaust system is sited between the two rows of rectangular launching tubes.

The four AK-630 close-in weapon systems (CIWS) of the Type 054 were replaced with two Type 730 CIWS on the Type 054A. The autonomous Type 730 provides improved reaction time against close-in threats.

Construction and career 
Handan was launched on 26 July 2014 at the China State Shipbuilding Corporation in Shanghai. Commissioned on 16 August 2018.

On 17 January 2019, Dongpinghu, Wuhu and Handan made a goodwill visit to Manila.

Gallery

References 

2014 ships
Ships built in China
Type 054 frigates
Alison Downard. Alison Joy Downard is a New Zealand academic, and has been a full professor at the University of Canterbury since 2009. Her work focuses on surface chemistry, electrochemistry and nanoscale grafted layers. She was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society Te Apārangi, has received the R. H. Stokes Medal, and was awarded an honorary degree from the University of Rennes 1.

Education 
Downard attended Te Puke High School. She went to Otago University to study home science but ended up graduating with a Bachelor of Science in electrochemistry in 1979 instead.

Academic career 
After a PhD titled Electron transfer reactions of organometallic clusters at the University of Otago, Downard moved to the University of Southampton, followed by a two-year postdoctoral associate position at UNC Chapel Hill from 1986. In 1988, she moved to the University of Canterbury, rising to full professor in 2009.

In 2017, Downard was featured as one of the Royal Society Te Apārangi's 150 women in 150 words.

Downard works as part of the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology. Downard's research on chemical modifications to surfaces at the nanoscale has enabled new electrodes to be discovered. Her findings have implications for energy storage. She collaborates with the Condensed Matter and Electroactive Systems (Matière condensée et systèmes électroactifs MaCSE) team at the University of Rennes 1 and frequently travels to Rennes for this research.

Awards 
In 2014, Downard was awarded the R. H. Stokes medal by the Royal Australian Chemical Institute. The same year she was elected as a Fellow of the Royal Society Te Apārangi, and received an honorary doctorate from the University of Rennes 1.

Selected works

References

External links

 

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
University of Otago alumni
Academic staff of the University of Canterbury
New Zealand women academics
New Zealand chemists
Fellows of the Royal Society of New Zealand

New Zealand women scientists
Kernowite. Kernowite is a mineral which was first described in 2020. It is named for Cornwall, which in the Cornish language is Kernow.

Description
Kernowite is a complex arsenate mineral with the composition . It was first described in 2020, and is closely related to liroconite, containing iron in the place of aluminium, making it green rather than blue. Its name is derived from Kernow, the name of Cornwall in the Cornish language, after being discovered in a rock mined .1800 in the Wheal Gorland mine, St Day, Cornwall.

See also

Cornwallite – a mineral also named after Cornwall

References

Further reading
 

Copper(II) minerals
Iron minerals
Arsenate minerals
Geology of Cornwall
Minerals described in 2020
2020 in England
Monoclinic minerals
Ha Duong Ngo. Ha Duong Ngo is an academic, research scholar in the field of Electrical Engineering/Microsystems Engineering.

As the professor at the University of Applied Sciences Berlin and PI researcher of Microsensors technology at Fraunhofer Institute IZM Berlin, Professor Ngo initiated the research on surface micromachined actuators in microoptical applications, on SOI- and SiC-devices for use in extreme conditions (high temperature, corrosive) and on rGO for biosensing.

He contributed to the development of very fast micro mirrors for telecommunications, and development of a new class of AeroMEMS sensors as well as to the development of high temperature sensors for use in harsh environments.

Education 
Ha Duong Ngo studied Electrical Engineering in Vietnam, Electrical Enigeering in Ucraine (UdSSR) and Microsystem technologies in Germany. He received a PhD from Technische Universität Berlin in 2006, on Micro Opto-Electro Mechanical systems (MOEMS), a special class of Micro-electro- mechanical systems (MEMS) involved in sensing or manipulating optical signals.

By the end of 2006, Ha Duong Ngo joined the Electrical Faculty and Research Center for Microperipheric Technologies. He was the head of Microsensors and Actuator Technology Center at Technische Universität Berlin.

Presently, he is a professor at the University of Applied Sciences Berlin and a group leader microsensors technology and high-density integration at Fraunhofer Institute IZM Berlin.

Research and career
Professor Ngo's research interests include Microsystems Engineering, Sensor technology and development—Piezo-resistive Sensors, Gas Sensors and Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology and silicon carbide (SiC) technology.

Editorship
Professor Ngo has authored and co-authored more than eighty research papers & 10 patents. He is currently serving as Editor for MDPI (Microsensors, Micromachines) Journals, and as associate editor at Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems.

He is also a member of AAAS and German Society for Material Research.

Publications
Technologien der Mikrosysteme.
 Development and Characterization of a Novel Low-Cost Water-Level and Water Quality Monitoring Sensor by Using Enhanced Screen Printing Technology with PEDOT.
A WSi–WSiN–Pt Metallization Scheme for Silicon Carbide-Based High Temperature Microsystems. 
Advanced Liquid- Free, Piezo-resistive, SOI-Based Pressure Sensors for Measurements in Harsh Environments.

References 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Electrical engineering academics
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Technische Universität Berlin alumni
Academic staff of HTW Berlin
Academic staff of Technische Universität Berlin
Ernst Borsig. Ernst August Paul Borsig (13 September 1869 in Berlin-Moabit – 6 January 1933 in Gut Groß Behnitz, Brandenburg) was a German industrialist.

Biography

Life and career 
Borsig graduated from high school in Berlin in 1889, and then completed technical training at the Mechanical Engineering Industry Association He then studied at the University of Bonn and the Technische Hochschule Charlottenburg. In 1890 he became a member of the Corps Hansea Bonn.

Ernst Borsig played a major role in the relocation of the Moabit workshops to Berlin-Tegel. He visited a number of well-known local and foreign factories, and sent some of his technical officials on extensive study trips to England and America. This resulted in the drafts for the new plant, which after its completion in 1898, became a landmark in Berlin.

In 1898, Borsig married Margarete Gründler. They had four children together: Karl Albert Arnold (1899), Margret (1900), Annelise (1902) and Ernst von Borsig junior (1906).

In 1910 Ernst von Borsig was one of the 60 richest men in the Kingdom of Prussia with a fortune of 22 million marks.

Anti-Communism and support for Nazism 
After the First World War he financially supported the Freikorps. In January 1919 he was instrumental in the creation of the Anti-Bolshevik Fund. He was a member of the Gäa, founded in 1922, an organization consisting of the German bourgeois and nobility which organized right-wing mass propaganda. Also from 1922 he became one of the most important donors of the Nazi Party. He got to know Adolf Hitler during his speech to the Berlin National Club in 1919. He met with him several times and began to advertise the Hitler movement among his industrial friends and to raise money for the NSDAP.

Although still sympathetic to Hitler's cause he later moved away from the Nazi Party in favor of the cabinet of Franz von Papen.

Literature
 Eckhard Hansen, Florian Tennstedt (Eds.) U. a .: Biographical lexicon on the history of German social policy from 1871 to 1945 . Volume 2: Social politicians in the Weimar Republic and during National Socialism 1919 to 1945. Kassel University Press, Kassel 2018,  , p. 17 f. ( Online, PDF; 3.9 MB).
 Friedrich Schildberger:  Borsig, Johann Friedrich August. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955,  , p. 476.

External links
 Literature list in the online catalog of the Berlin State Library 
 www.borsig.de

References

German industrialists
1869 births
1933 deaths
Businesspeople from Berlin
German anti-communists
Sorelle Friedler. Sorelle Alaina Friedler is an American computer scientist who is an Associate Professor at Haverford College. She is the co-founder Association for Computing Machinery Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency. Her research seeks to prevent discrimination in machine learning.

Early life and education 
Friedler earned her bachelor's degree at Swarthmore College. She moved to the University of Maryland, College Park for her graduate studies, where she studied geometric algorithms.

Research and career 
Friedler joined Alphabet Inc. as a software engineer, where she worked with X on the development of weather balloons that can provide internet access to remote communities.

Friedler has advocated for the careful use of artificial intelligence and machine learning. In particular, she has spoken about how biased data and algorithms reinforce social inequality. In 2015 she was made a Fellow at the Data & Society Research Institute.

Friedler has worked with Josh Schrier and Alexander Norquist on the application of data mining to accelerate materials discovery. They created a computer algorithm capable of predicting whether a set of reagents will create a crystalline materials when mixed in a solvent and heated. To create the tool, they compiled a database of almost 4,000 chemical reactions, wrote an algorithm that could mine for patterns in data and provide insight about why some experiments fail while others succeed. The algorithm was correct 89% of the time, whilst researchers (human) predictions only had a 78% success rate. Friedler and her co-workers published the database online (darkreactions.haverford.edu/) to encourage other researchers to share their data.

Awards and honors 

 2006 AT&T Labs Fellowship Program 
 2009 Ann G. Wylie Dissertation Fellowship
 2019 Chace/Parker Teaching Award
 2019 Mozilla Responsible Computer Science Challenge

Selected publications

Personal life 
Friedler is married to Rebecca Benjamin.

References

External links 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American computer scientists
American women computer scientists
Researchers in geometric algorithms
Swarthmore College alumni
University of Maryland, College Park alumni
Haverford College faculty
American women academics
21st-century American women
Surface magnon polariton. Surface magnon-polaritons (SMPs) are a type of quasiparticle in condensed matter physics. They arise from the coupling of incident electromagnetic (EM) radiations to the magnetic dipole polarization in the surface layers of a solid. Magnons are analogous to other forms of polaritons, such as plasmons and phonons, but represent an oscillation of the magnetic component of the solid's EM field rather than its electric component or a mechanical oscillation in the solid's atomic structure. 

They are sometimes referred to as magnetic surface polaritons (MSPs).

By employing artificially constructed metamaterials whose properties mainly stem from their  engineered internal fine  structures rather than their bulk physical make up, it is possible to more easily achieve useful SMPs. However, they can be found in several natural magnetic materials, including at THz frequencies in antiferromagnetic crystals.

Magnons offer a way to control light-matter interactions at Terahertz frequencies.

References 

Quasiparticles
Plasmonics