omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Howard Gerrish. Howard H. Gerrish (December 10, 1910 – June 12, 1988) was a writer and teacher whose influence extended widely through the technology and electronics community of the early 1960s-80s. He authored and co-authored numerous books that taught, and continue to teach, electronics.  He taught for twenty-four years at three California State Colleges/Universities: Chico, San Jose and Humboldt. He was born in Lisbon, Maine.

Written works include
 1961 Electricity—A Build-a-Course unit as well as 1961 Electronics—A Build-a-Course. Written while an assistant professor, Industrial Arts, Chico State College
 Electricity and Electronics, 1964. Written when an associate professor at San Jose State College—in the acknowledgments he notes faculty and support from his years at Chico State
 "Modern general shop; four complete general shop books combined in one volume," with others, 1964:
Brown, Walter Charles, Drafting, Wagner, Willis H. Woodworking, Boyd, T. Gardner. Metalworking, Gerrish, Howard H. Electricity. Goodheart - Willcox, 1965 [c1964]
 "Learning experiences in transistors and semiconductors; teaches modern concepts"
Publisher: Farmingdale, N.J. : Buck Engineering Co., 1968
 Gerrish's Technical Dictionary, 1968

Career
Gerrish served as a captain in the US Army during World War II — Arrivals noted in the Field Artillery Journal, May 1945, include 1st Lt. Howard H. Gerrish, Department of Air Training. He graduated from the University of Michigan in 1946 and earned his Master's from Wayne State in 1953. He started teaching at San Jose State in 1961 in Industrial Arts at SJSU. He worked at Humboldt State, 1969–1972, where they named a lab for him, the Gerrish Electronics Laboratory, Jenkins Hall. He retired in 1972.

In addition, he was an avid organ player, starting by playing the background music in silent movie theaters. He built and operated his own "Ham Radio" station. Upon retirement, he and his wife, Virtue, lived in Sedona, Arizona.

References

American technology writers
1910 births
1988 deaths
People from Lisbon, Maine
California State University, Chico faculty
San Jose State University faculty
California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt faculty
Writers from Maine
University of Michigan alumni
20th-century American non-fiction writers
Scale-free ideal gas. The scale-free ideal gas (SFIG) is a physical model assuming a collection of non-interacting elements with a stochastic proportional growth. It is the  scale-invariant version of an ideal gas. Some cases of city-population, electoral results and cites to scientific journals can be approximately considered scale-free ideal gases.

In a one-dimensional discrete model with size-parameter k, where k1 and kM are the minimum and maximum allowed sizes respectively, and v = dk/dt is the growth, the bulk probability density function F(k, v) of a scale-free ideal gas follows

 

where N is the total number of elements, Ω = ln k1/kM is the logarithmic "volume" of the system,  is the mean relative growth and  is the standard deviation of the relative growth. The entropy equation of state is

 

where  is a constant that accounts for dimensionality and  is the elementary volume in phase space, with  the elementary time and M the total number of allowed discrete sizes. This expression has the same form as the one-dimensional ideal gas, changing the thermodynamical variables (N, V, T) by (N, Ω,σw).

Zipf's law may emerge in the external limits of the density since it is a special regime of scale-free ideal gases.

References 

Ideal gas
Scale-invariant systems
BritNed. BritNed is a 1,000MW high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) submarine power cable between the Isle of Grain in Kent, the United Kingdom; and Maasvlakte in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

The BritNed interconnector would serve as a link for the foreseeable European super grid project.

History

The project was announced in May 2007.  
The installation of the first section of cable link started on 11 September 2009, 
The entire  cable was completed in October 2010.  It began operation on 1 April 2011, and as of January 2012, electricity flow has mostly been from the Netherlands to the UK.

Technical description
The  long bi-pole 450kV interconnector consists of two HVDC cables, which are bundled together. The capacity of the cable is 1,000MW. The interconnector has two converter stations for connecting the link with the British and Dutch high-voltage electricity transmission systems.  The cable was produced by ABB and laid by Global Marine Systems, while the BAM Nuttall/Siemens consortium was responsible for the construction and equipping of the converter stations.  
BritNed was completed on time and within the budget of €600million.

Operators
The respective transmission system operators of the United Kingdom and the Netherlands - National Grid plc and TenneT; formed a joint venture to fund and operate the interconnection, independently from National Grid and TenneT's regulated businesses.

Outages 
BritNed suffered a number of outages due to undersea cable faults in 2020/21. A significant outage happened on 9 March 2021 and the connection was scheduled to be restored on 8 May 2021, but this was later delayed until 7 June 2021.

Coordinates

See also
 NorNed
 Gridlink Interconnector
 HVDC Cross-Channel, 2,000 MW between UK and France
 Icelink, a proposed link between Iceland and Great Britain 
 Nemo Link, 1,000 MW between UK and Belgium
 HVDC Norway–UK, 1,400 MW between UK and Norway
 List of HVDC projects in Europe
 Renewable energy in the United Kingdom
 Renewable energy in the Netherlands

References

External links

 Official website
 Current flow

Electrical interconnectors to and from Great Britain
Electrical interconnectors to and from the Synchronous Grid of Continental Europe
Electric power infrastructure in England
Electric power infrastructure in the Netherlands
Energy infrastructure completed in 2011
HVDC transmission lines
National Grid (Great Britain)
Electrical interconnectors in the North Sea
Netherlands–United Kingdom relations
2011 establishments in England
2011 establishments in the Netherlands
James Robert Smith (RAF officer). Second lieutenant James Robert Smith (born 18 May 1891, date of death unknown) was a World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories.

Early life
Smith was Scots born, but emigrated to Prince Edward, Saskatchewan, Canada in 1910, when in his late teens. He worked there as a mechanical and electrical engineer until 1912. In 1913, he started his own business in Regina, Saskatchewan, and ran it until he returned to the United Kingdom after the outbreak of war in the latter months of 1914. On 20 January 1915, James Robert Smith went to Ottawa and volunteered for military service. His Canadian Attestation Papers gives his next of kin as his father, James B. Smith. The younger Smith claimed to be in a Regina militia unit. Physical examination showed him to be five feet seven inches tall, with light brown hair and eyes and fair complexion.

Aerial service
Once in, he served as an observer/gunner in the Royal Aircraft Factory FE.2bs of 18 Squadron. He scored his first aerial victory on the day after Christmas 1916, when he drove down an Albatros D.II out of control over Vélu, France. On 6 April 1917, he scored his fifth victory over an Albatros D.II, having destroyed one, captured one, and driven three down out of control. Five days later, a stomach wound suffered in action removed him from duty. He recovered to serve in three Home Defence Squadrons during 1918. On 6 August 1918, he injured his left eye. He came back from that wound to serve in 78 squadron. He returned to Canada in late 1919.

Sources of information

References
 Pusher Aces of World War 1 Jon Guttman, Harry Dempsey. Osprey Pub Co, 2009. , .

1891 births
Year of death missing
Military personnel from Orkney
Royal Flying Corps officers
Scottish emigrants to Canada
British World War I flying aces
Scottish flying aces
Avid Aircraft. Avid Aircraft is an American aircraft kitplane manufacturer. The company was founded in 1983 by Dean Wilson to produce the Avid Flyer.

After several bankruptcies, the company was most recently re-established in 2017.

History
Avid Aircraft was started in 1983 as Light Aero Inc in Caldwell, Idaho by aircraft designer Dean Wilson. The original Avid Flyer design won Best New Design at Oshkosh in 1983.

The company, Avid Aircraft Inc, produced a full line of high-wing light aircraft kits before going bankrupt in 1998. Acquired by Jim Tomash, the company was moved into a 61000 ft² (5667 m²) converted greenhouse that included 21000 ft² (1951 m²)  of cement flooring, in Ennis, Montana. Production of kits was re-established in the new facility. The factory also served as a customer build centre where customers who purchased Avid kits could complete their aircraft.

The company closed again in November 2003, at the time indicating that the owners were looking to move to a more populated area of the United States.

Following Avid's first bankruptcy in 1998 Airdale Sportplane and Supply started producing parts for most Avid models in 1999. That company later started producing the Airdale Airdale and Airdale Avid Plus kitplanes, which are derived from the Avid Mark IV Hauler. Airdale went out of business in 2017.

In October 2017, Avid Aircraft was restarted under the name Avid Aircraft LLC, by Mark Mendick in Unionville, Iowa.

Aircraft

References

External links

 Official website archives on Archive.org

 
Aircraft manufacturers of the United States
Caldwell, Idaho
MazaCAM. MazaCAM is a CNC programming system for the Mazak CNC (Numerical control) machine-tools (see Yamazaki Mazak Corporation), sold and supported by SolutionWare Corporation.

MazaCAM differs from most other CNC programming systems in that it can generate CNC programs in both Mazatrol and G-code .

 Mazatrol Editor—Create new Mazatrol programs and modify existing ones, on your computer.
 Convert between controls—Translate Mazatrol programs from one generation to another
 Mazak Communications—Send, receive, and translate between different Mazak I/O formats
 CAD/CAM for Mazatrol and G-code—draw using CAD method, or import CAD files such as DXF, IGES, etc., and output to Mazatrol programs or G-code.

References

Other Sources of Notability

M
SBB Bm 4/4. The Bm 4/4 is a class of heavy diesel shunting locomotives built for Swiss Federal Railways. 46 examples were built between 1960 and 1970, numbered 18401 to 18446,  Starting in 2006, the class was slowly being replaced by new Vossloh-built locomotives. The last SBB example was withdrawn in 2024 but a few are in use with private operators

See also
 List of stock used by Swiss Federal Railways

Bm 4 4
Diesel–electric locomotives of Switzerland
Standard gauge locomotives of Switzerland
Railway locomotives introduced in 1960
Shunting locomotives
Web Bot. Web Bot is an internet bot computer program whose developers claim is able to predict future events by tracking keywords entered on the internet. It was developed in 1997, originally to predict stock market trends. The creator of the Web Bot Project, Clif High, along with his associate George Ure, keep the technology and algorithms largely secret and sell the predictions via the website.

Methodology
Internet bots monitor news articles, blogs, forums, and other forms of Internet chatter. Words in the lexicon are assigned numeric values for emotional quantifiers such as duration, impact, immediacy, intensity, and others. The lexicon is dynamic, and changes according to shifts in emotional tension, and how humans communicate those changes using the Internet. As of 2008, there were about 300,000 keywords in the lexicon, along with emotional context, which are fed into a computer-generated modelspace.

The operators of Web Bot interpret the bot's results and make a report called the "ALTA report" available on their website to paying subscribers. ALTA stands for "asymmetric language trend analysis". Many believe the predictions are pseudoscientific and too vague to be meaningful. Despite this, the creators have made many claims after the fact that their reports have predicted important events.

Predictions

Claimed hits
Northeast Blackout of 2003
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake
Hurricane Katrina and its devastation

Misses
 The Web Bot gained most of its notoriety for contributing to the 2012 phenomenon by predicting a cataclysm that would devastate the planet on 21 December 2012, possibly a reversing of Earth's magnetic poles or a small series of nuclear attacks leading up to a major attack during the year. The prediction did not call for a complete end of the world.
 Web Bot predicted that a massive earthquake would occur in December 2008 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and the Pacific Northwest, but no such event happened.
 A prediction that the US dollar would completely collapse in 2011, and that Israel would bomb Iran, with the administration of U.S. President Barack Obama being thrown into major chaos.

Reception
The History Channel has discussed Web Bot in its special "Doomsday 2012: The End of Days" on season 3 of Decoding The Past and on other shows that feature predictions about the end of the world, such as the Nostradamus Effect. A The Globe and Mail journalist noted that: 
 
Tom Chivers in the Daily Telegraph notes three criticisms of the project:

See also
Global Consciousness Project
Google Flu Trends
Google Trends
Predictive analytics

References

1997 software
Prediction
Pseudoscience
Web crawlers
2012 phenomenon
SBB Ee 922. The Ee 922 is a class of 21 electric shunting locomotives built since 2009 by Stadler Rail for Swiss Federal Railways.

Ordered in 2007, the units were  delivered from 2009 to 2010. The locomotives are used for shunting passenger stock at terminus stations across Switzerland.

See also
 List of stock used by Swiss Federal Railways

References

15 kV AC locomotives
Bo locomotives
Electric locomotives of Switzerland
Stadler locomotives
Ee 922
Standard gauge locomotives of Switzerland
Railway locomotives introduced in 2009
Shunting locomotives
1979 Ankara Turkish Airlines F28 crash. On December 23, 1979, a Turkish Airlines Fokker F28 Fellowship 1000  airliner, registration TC-JAT, named Trabzon, on a domestic passenger flight from Samsun Airport to Esenboğa International Airport in Ankara, flew into the side of a hill  near the village of Kuyumcuköy in Çubuk district of Ankara Province,  north-northeast of the destination airport on approach to landing.

The crew had deviated from the localizer course while on an ILS approach experiencing severe turbulence.

Crew and passengers
The aircraft had 41 passengers and four crew on board; 38 passengers and three crew were killed in the accident.

Aircraft
The aircraft, a Fokker F28 Fellowship 1000 with two Rolls-Royce RB183-2 "Spey" Mk555-15 turbofan jet engines, was built by Fokker with manufacturer serial number 11071, and made its first flight in 1973.

References

Turkish Airlines Ankara
Aviation accidents and incidents in Turkey
Turkish Airlines accidents and incidents
Turkish Airlines 1979
Turkish Airlines 1979
Turkish Airlines 1979
History of Ankara Province
Turkish Airlines Ankara Crash, 1979
1979 meteorology
December 1979 in Turkey
1970s in Ankara
Jim Davies (computer scientist). Jim Davies is Professor of Software Engineering and current Director of the Software Engineering Programme at the University of Oxford, England.

Biography 
Jim Davies studied mathematics at New College, Oxford, joining the Oxford University Computing Laboratory (now the Oxford University Department of Computer Science) in 1986 for a Masters' and Doctorate. After working as a researcher and lecturer in computer science, at Oxford, Reading, and Royal Holloway, University of London, he became a lecturer in software engineering at Oxford in 1995. He has led the Software Engineering Programme since 2000, and was made Professor of Software Engineering in 2006.

Davies is an expert in formal methods, including Communicating Sequential Processes (CSP) and the Z notation.

Books 
 Jim Davies, Specification and Proof in Real Time CSP. Cambridge University Press, 1993. .
 Jim Woodcock and Jim Davies, Using Z: Specification, Refinement, and Proof. Prentice-Hall International Series in Computer Science, 1996. .
 Jim Davies, Bill Roscoe,  and Jim Woodcock, Millennial Perspectives in Computer Science: Proceedings of the 1999 Oxford-Microsoft Symposium in Honour of Sir Tony Hoare. Palgrave Macmillan, Cornerstones of Computing, 2000. .

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Alumni of New College, Oxford
Academics of Royal Holloway, University of London
Academics of the University of Reading
Members of the Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford
Fellows of Kellogg College, Oxford
English computer scientists
Formal methods people
Computer science writers
British textbook writers
BMW India. BMW India is the Indian subsidiary of German car manufacturer BMW. It started operations in January 2007 with a wide range of its activities, including a manufacturing plant in Chennai, a parts warehouse in Mumbai, a training centre in Gurgaon NCR, and development of a dealer organisation across major metropolitan centres of the country.

Locations 

BMW Group Plant Chennai started operations on 29 March 2007. BMW Group Plant Chennai locally produces 12 car models – BMW 2 Series Gran Coupe, BMW 3 Series, BMW 3 Series Gran Turismo, BMW 5 Series, BMW 6 Series Gran Turismo, BMW 7 Series, BMW 8 Series, BMW X1, BMW X3, BMW X4, BMW X5, BMW X7 and MINI Countryman.

Models  

BMW 2 Series Gran Coupé launched October 2020
BMW 3 Series launched December 2017
BMW 4 Series launched February 2022
BMW 5 Series (Sedan only) 
BMW 6 Series latest model launched on April 1, 2023
BMW 7 Series latest model launched on January 7, 2023
BMW 8 Series launched November 2020
BMW X1 latest model launched on Jan 28, 2023
BMW X3 launched April 2018 
BMW X4 launched January 2019
BMW X5 launched May 2019 
BMW X6 launched June 2020
BMW X7 launched July 2019
BMW XM launched December 2022
BMW Z4 launched April 2019 
BMW iX1 launched September 2023
BMW iX launched December 2021
BMW i4 launched May 2022
BMW i5 launched April 2024
BMW i7 launched January 2023

Sales performance

Number of units sold by year

MINI India 

MINI has successfully established itself as a premium small car brand in India since its launch in January 2012. Presently, the MINI model range in India includes the MINI 3-door, MINI Countryman and MINI Cooper SE. The MINI Countryman is locally produced at BMW Group Plant Chennai. Till date, MINI has established 10 sales outlets in India.
MINI Cooper
MINI Countryman 
Mini Electric

Dealer/service network 

States and cities in India with one or more BMW dealership (number of dealerships):

See also 
Audi India
Porsche India
Mercedes-Benz India
Lexus India

References 

BMW
Companies based in Chennai
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 2006
2006 establishments in Tamil Nadu
Car manufacturers of India
Indian subsidiaries of foreign companies
Indian companies established in 2006
Zoids: The Battle Begins. Zoids: The Battle Begins is a 1986 video game designed by Chris Fayers, developed by the Electric Pencil Company, and published by Martech. and released in Europe for the ZX Spectrum, Amstrad CPC, MSX and Commodore 64 computers. Based on the Zoids toy series, the player controls a human who was fused with one of the robots and has to reclaim parts of a larger mech. 

Upon release, Zoids received positive reception from video game critics.

Gameplay

Players control a human who has fused with a machine known as a Spiderzoid; this human has been tasked with reclaiming the six parts of a large machine named Zoidzilla. These parts have been captured by the enemy Red Zoids, each part reclaimed will boost the power of the player's Spiderzoid.

Development
Zoids: The Battle Begins was published by Martech and developed by the Electric Pencil Company, having previously made The Fourth Protocol in 1985. The game was produced by David Martin, with Chris Fayers being the game designer.

Reception

Zoids: The Battle Begins received generally positive reception from video game critics. Reviewers for Amtix praised the game, with one writer considered it to be one of the best on the Amstrad. A writer for Crash gave positive marks for its graphics and gameplay and called it one of the best titles on the ZX Spectrum.

Reviews
 Jeux & Stratégie #40

References

External links
 
 
 

1986 video games
Amstrad CPC games
Commodore 64 games
Martech games
MSX games
Single-player video games
Video games based on Takara Tomy toys
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Zoids
ZX Spectrum games
Vladimír Teyssler. Vladimír Teyssler (31 December 1891 in Prague – 15 February 1958 in Prague) was a Czechoslovak engineer and professor at the Czech Higher Technical School in Prague (later Czech Technical University). From 1927 to 1949 Teyssler, together with editor Václav Kotyška, published Technický slovník naučný (Technical Encyclopedia), a massive illustrated Czech-language encyclopedia covering technical topics.

After matura exams in 1909, Teyssler went to study mechanical engineering at the Czech Higher Technical School, which he finished in May 1914. During World War I he served in the Austro-Hungarian Army. In 1921 he started to work for his alma mater, in the newly established engineering laboratory (which he managed for over 30 years). Starting in 1933 Teyssler taught technical measurements; in 1938 he was appointed docent. When Czech universities were forcibly closed in 1940, Teyssler was named director of a certification engineering institute (ZÚS, until 1947). After 1945 he taught at the technical university again; in 1952 he was appointed professor and was active until his death in 1958.

Technical author
Since 1921 Teyssler published numerous technical articles, engineering textbooks and proceedings. In 1925–1926 preparations for a technical encyclopedia started: the first volume was published in 1927, the last (15th) in 1939. Two addenda were printed, in 1941 and 1949. Over a thousand editors participated in the work.

References

External links
 Biographical article (PDF) about Vladimír Teyssler in Pražská technika, a journal of the Czech Technical University, 2001, No 5, p. 42–43. The article is based on materials provided by Teyssler's nephew Jiří Teyssler. (in Czech)

1891 births
1958 deaths
Czechoslovak engineers
Czech Technical University in Prague alumni
Academic staff of Czech Technical University in Prague