omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Heinz Billing Prize. In 1993, the Heinz Billing Prize for the advancement of scientific computation was presented for the first time. The aim of this award is to honour the achievements of those who have spent time and effort developing the hardware and software crucial for scientific advances. It is the purpose of the award to honour outstanding scientific contributions in all areas of computational science, specifically:

 Modelling and computer simulation
 Design of user interfaces based on new scientific findings
 Data handling and data analysis procedures
 Scientific visualization of data and processes

Previous Winners

1993  Dr. Hans Thomas Janka, Dr. Ewald Müller, Dr. Maximilian Ruffert
1994  Dr. Rainer Goebel
1995  Dr. Ralf Giering
1996  Dr. Klaus Heumann
1997  Dr. Florian Mueller
1998  Prof. Dr. Edward Seidel
1999  Dr. Alexander Pukhov
2000  Dr. Oliver Kohlbacher
2001  Dr. Jörg Haber
2002  Dipl. Ing. Daan Broeder, Dr. Hennie Brugman and Dipl. Ing. Reiner Dirksmeyer
2003  Dipl. Phys. Roland Chrobok, Dr. Sigurður F. Hafstein and Dipl. Phys. Andreas Pottmeier
2004  Dr. Markus Rampp and Dr. Thomas Soddemann
2005  Dr. Patrick Jöckel and Dr. Rolf Sander
2006  Rafal Mantiuk
2007  Axel Fingerle and Klaus Röller/ Hannah Bast and Stefan Funke
2011  Peter Wittenburg
2013  Thomas Hrabe
2015  Andreas Brandmeier
2017  Dr. Christian Schulz
2019  Tim Dietrich
2021  Prof. Dr. Adam Runions
2023  Dr. Andrea Kölzsch and Dr. Anne Scharf

See also 

 List of computer science awards

References

External links
 The Heinz Billing Prize for the Advancement of Computational Science

International awards
Computer science awards
Archinaut. On-Orbit Servicing, Assembly, and Manufacturing 2 (OSAM-2), formally known as Archinaut,  was a technology demonstration project aimed at developing the necessary additive manufacturing technology to build large-scale structures in space. Phase 1 of the project started in 2016 and was funded by a NASA contract worth US$20 million; it was performed by a partnership between Made In Space (MIS), Northrop Grumman, and Oceaneering Space Systems. Its formal name was "Versatile In-Space Robotic Precision Manufacturing and Assembly System".

Archinaut was intended to be a 3D printer capable of operating in-orbit, installed on a pod attached outside the International Space Station. Archinaut would have included a robotic arm and been capable of fabricating, assembling and repairing structures and machinery in space. Made In Space developed Archinaut's 3D printer; Oceaneering Space Systems was in charge of its manipulator arm, and Northrop Grumman was in charge of control electronics, software, and integration with the space station.

The first structures to be built with Archinaut would have been antenna reflectors for communication satellites. Further expansion may have involved three robotic arms enabling Archinaut to grab decommissioned satellites and recycle their components.

In June 2017, MIS conducted a month-long successful thermal vacuum chamber test at NASA Ames Research Center's Engineering Evaluation Laboratory (EEL) on its Extended Structure Additive Manufacturing Machine (ESAMM) technology. During the test, MIS manufactured the first-ever extended 3D-printed objects in a space-like environment, a significant milestone on the path to manufacturing systems and satellites in space. The company quickly built on the success and, in July and August 2017, used ESAMM hardware to manufacture a beam structure measuring over 37 meters in length, setting a Guinness Book of World Record for the largest 3D-printed structure.

In July 2019, MIS was awarded a NASA contract for robotic manufacturing and an assembly flight demo mission called Archinaut One. Archinaut One, which was intended to launch on a Falcon 9 rocket in 2024, would have included two ten meter solar arrays placed on an ESPA satellite.

In 2020, Redwire (which acquired MIS earlier in the year) successfully printed a  flight-like beam in conditions similar to those expected on orbit.

In 2022, Archinaut passed its Critical Design Review (CDR), marking the end of the design phase and the beginning of spacecraft construction.

In 2023, NASA decided to conclude the project without proceeding to a flight demonstration. Project data will be maintained for future efforts to use.

References 

International Space Station
Space manufacturing
3D printing
Cancelled spacecraft
Coquille board. Coquille board, also known as stipple board, is a type of drawing paper with a pebbled texture. The grain is impressed into the uncoated paper during manufacture. Used with a soft lithographic crayon or carbon pencil, coquille produces a shading effect similar to hand stippling in a fraction of the time. The material is especially useful for works to be reproduced in print, such as scientific illustration and cartooning. However, coquille is also delicate and cannot withstand vigorous pressure from an eraser.

It was used extensively during the pulp era to quickly create easily-reproducible print images.  By the early 1990's it had been displaced by cheaper halftoning technologies and became difficult to obtain.

References

Paper
Illustration
Science and Engineering Challenge. The Science and Engineering Challenge (SEC) is a non-profit, STEM outreach program run throughout the schools year in Australia. The goal of the program is to challenge student’s perception of science and engineering and experience aspects of those fields that they normally would not encounter in a school environment.

The SEC focuses on inspiring students in year 10 to consider a future career in science and engineering by choosing to study science and mathematics in years 11 and 12. The SEC also includes other events such as Discovery Days and the S.M.A.R.T outreach program.

History
The SEC began at the University of Newcastle as an initiative of the Faculties of Engineering and Built Environment, and Science and Information Technology. Initially, information nights were conducted aimed at giving students and parents from rural areas the opportunity to find out about careers in science and engineering.  Based on the success of these information nights, the first SEC event was held on the Central Coast in the year 2000, as an activity for National Science Week. Throughout 2001, events were held around the Newcastle area and other parts of NSW.

2002 saw the first Challenge Days held outside of NSW, this took place in Canberra. Over the next three years, Challenge Days were conducted in Queensland, Tasmania, South Australia and Victoria. In 2005 the winners from each state competed at the first National Final.

In 2017 there were 110 SMART events, 49 Discovery Days for primary-aged students, and 99 Challenge Days for year 9-10 students. Overall more than 50,000 people were involved in one or more SEC programs. Almost 2,100 teachers and 3,600 other volunteers were also involved.
Since 1998 over half a million people have taken part in a SEC event.

Discovery Days 

In 2005 the Challenge expanded yet again to include events for primary school students, called Discovery Days. These are largely the same as regular challenge events; however, the actives are simplified and typical run for a shorter period of time.

Programs 

The Little Scientists program: Train preschool teachers to incorporate STEM into their lessons
SMART program of science shows and workshops: Infants and Primary-aged students
Discovery Days: Mini-Challenge Days for students in years 5-6
Build a Future Days: A fascinating on-campus experience for year 7-8 students
Challenge Days (our premier event): National STEM competition for year 9-10 students
Casual work and Internships with the SEC Team
Teacher Professional Development: For School Teachers

References

Science education
Hammerax. Hammerax is an American percussion and cymbal manufacturer, launched in 2006 headed by Audio engineer John Stannard. Hammerax is known for their unique percussive creations and unusual instrument designs, which have received mixed reviews from customers.

Notable users of their cymbals include Terry Bozzio and Danny Carey.

Products
Its cymbals, which have been crafted in many unique and patented or patent pending forms, are particularly noted. Hammerax's private collection includes at least 50 instruments, some of which were experimental test prototypes.

See also
Cymbals

Notes

External links
 
 
 Hammerax liquid 22" ride Patent pending via YouTube

Cymbal manufacturing companies
Musical instrument manufacturing companies of the United States
Percussion instrument manufacturing companies
American companies established in 2006
Manufacturing companies based in Florida
Companies based in Clearwater, Florida
Saad Ahmed Al Mohannadi. Saad Ahmed Ibrahim Al Mohannadi ( born  in Doha) (), is currently the President of Public Works Authority Ashghal. Saad is fluent in English.

Biography 
HE Dr Eng. Saad Ahmed Ibrahim Al Mohannadi was appointed as the new President of the Public Works Authority Ashghal based on Emiri Decree No. 4 of 2017 as of January 4, 2017.
.

HE Dr Eng. Saad Al Mohannadi began his engineering career after graduating from Qatar University in 1997 with a bachelor's degree in Electrical Engineering. He also received a master's degree from Qatar University in 2009. He received his doctorate in 2016 from France titled “Methods of Decision Making to Manage Mega Projects – a study for the Qatar Railways project” .

HE Dr Eng. Al Mohannadi has worked for more than 19 years, during which he held several leadership and managerial positions in Qatar within the energy and transportation sector. He also held major roles such as Head of Control Center, Electrical Grid Planning Manager, Technical Affairs Manager at Qatar General Electricity and Water Corporation (Kahramaa).
From 2011, HE Dr Eng. Al Mohannadi was the CEO of Qatar Railways Company, the company responsible for designing and developing the railway network in Qatar and then managing, operating and maintaining it once it is completed.

HE Dr Eng. Al Mohannadi has extensive experience in project management, planning and urban development, and added value to the performance of the institutions, which has earned him the membership of several prestigious regional and national committees.

Awards
 2013 Vision Project Award at the Global Infrastructure Leadership Forum in New York (pending reference check)
 2015 Qatar's power list 
2018 Leadership Excellence Award, Istanbul Technical University, TURKEY
2018 Distinguished Alumni Award, Qatar University, Achievements in Many Leadership and Management Roles in QATAR

References

External links
 Ashghal Official Website

Qatari engineers
Living people
1974 births
Turing machine (disambiguation). A Turing machine is an abstract mathematical computational device named after Alan Turing; see the box for variants of this meaning. Turing machine may also refer to:

Automatic Computing Engine, an early computer designed by Turing using vacuum tubes and mercury delay lines
Bombe, a machine built by Turing and others to decipher German codes during World War II
Turing Machine (band), New York based instrumental rock band founded in 1998

See also
Turing machine examples, supplements main article 
Turing test, a test of whether a machine has human-level intelligence
University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran. The University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran is a public university under the Ministry of Science located in east Mazandaran province in Iran. The university offers undergraduate and postgraduate degrees in mathematics, electrical engineering, chemical engineering, civil engineering and industrial engineering. Also undergraduate students in computer science and computer engineering.

It has three faculties:

The Faculty of Mathematics, [1] School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Chemical and Industrial Engineering. The university is headed by Ahmadreza Rabbani.

History and introduction 

University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran, started as a branch of the Iran University of Science and Technology. 
The university was renamed the Higher Education Center in the course of its independence from the University of Science and Technology of Iran and the Mazandaran University of Science and Technology in 2007.
After the independence of University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran , two administrative, student and cultural support departments and educational and research departments were first included in the organizational chart of the university.

See also
Higher education in Iran
Air tour
University map

References

https://en.mazust.ac.ir/

https://mazust.ac.ir/

https://mazust.ac.ir/Page/DataPage/2/%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85-%D9%88-%D9%81%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C

https://en.mazust.ac.ir/Data/Pages

https://mazust.ac.ir/Content/Page/307/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87

https://mazust.ac.ir/Content/Page/309/%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B4%D9%87-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87

External links
 

Sci
Education in Mazandaran province
Buildings and structures in Mazandaran province
Government College of Engineering, Dharmapuri. The Government College of Engineering (GCE) in Dharmapuri is an engineering college in the Dharmapuri district of Tamil Nadu, India. Government College of Engineering, Dharmapuri was  affiliated with Anna University.

References

External links

Engineering colleges in Tamil Nadu
Educational institutions established in 2013
2013 establishments in Tamil Nadu
Colleges affiliated to Anna University
Education in Dharmapuri district
Eight-segment display. An eight-segment display is a type of display based on eight segments that can be turned on or off according to the font pattern to be produced.

Applications
One application was in the Sharp EL-8, an early electronic calculator. The eight-segment display produces more rounded digits than a seven-segment display, yielding a more "script-like" output, with the trade-off that fewer possible alphabetic characters can be displayed because the bars F and G are merged (see table below).

Displaying 
An eight segment display can sometimes display alphabetic characters with less readability because the segments F and G are combined and the corners are rounded. The asymmetrical layout of the elements produced a distinctive "handwritten" digit style, with a half-height "0".

Examples

See also 
 Seven-segment display
 Nine-segment display
 Fourteen-segment display
 Sixteen-segment display
 Dot matrix display
 Vacuum fluorescent display

Display technology
Nickel hydrazine nitrate. Nickel hydrazine nitrate (NHN), (chemical formula: [Ni(N2H4)3](NO3)2 is an energetic material having explosive
properties in between that of primary explosive and a secondary explosive. It is a salt of a coordination compound of nickel with a reaction equation of 3N2H4·H2O + Ni(NO3)2  →〔Ni(N2H4)3〕(NO3)2 ＋ 3H2O

Preparation
NHN can be synthesized by reacting nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate with a dilute aqueous solution of hydrazine monohydrate at 65 C. To help speed the drying of the product after filtration from the hot water, it can be rinsed with alcohol. The product is a fluffy powder (density=0.9 g/cm3). To increase its bulk density to (1.2 g/cm3), dextrin in the amount of (1%) of the weight of the nickel(II) nitrate hexahydrate can be added.

Non-primary explosive detonator (NPED) 

The sensitivity of NHN straddles the line between highly sensitive primaries and a sensitive secondary, so it can be considered a true non-primary explosive detonator (NPED).

Another benefit of NHN is that it will make the DDT (deflagration to detonation transition) in a cardboard shell, eliminating the danger of shrapnel from a metal shell.

Safety
NHN straddles the line between primary and secondary. Because of this it is a relatively safe explosive to work with having 80x less sensitivity to friction (16.0 N) than lead azide (0.1N) as shown in table 2.

Friction sensitivities of some traditional explosives (lead azide – 0.1N; lead styphnate – 1.5 N; mercury fulminate (white) – 5.0 N;
tetrazene – 8.0 N; PETN – 60 N; RDX – 120 N; HMX – 120 N, show that NHN is not very sensitive, and is thereby not exceedingly hazardous in handling.

Table 1. General and structural properties of Nickel hydrazine nitrate

a Values in brackets are theoretical

Table 2. Comparative properties of Nickel hydrazine nitrate, lead azide and lead styphnate

a Experimental value, b literature value, and c theoretical value

References

Explosives
Nickel compounds
Hazardous materials
Hydrazines
Nitrates
Detonators
Caffe (software). Caffe (Convolutional Architecture for Fast Feature Embedding) is a deep learning framework, originally developed at University of California, Berkeley. It is open source, under a BSD license. It is written in C++, with a Python interface.

History 
Yangqing Jia created the Caffe project during his PhD at UC Berkeley, while working the lab of Trevor Darrell. The first version, called "DeCAF", made its first appearance in spring 2013 when it was used for the ILSVRC challenge (later called ImageNet). The library was named Caffe and released to the public in December 2013. It reached end-of-support in 2018. It is hosted on GitHub.

Features 
Caffe supports many different types of deep learning architectures geared towards image classification and image segmentation. It supports CNN, RCNN, LSTM and fully-connected neural network designs. Caffe supports GPU- and CPU-based acceleration computational kernel libraries such as Nvidia cuDNN and Intel MKL.

Applications 
Caffe is being used in academic research projects, startup prototypes, and even large-scale industrial applications in vision, speech, and multimedia. Yahoo! has also integrated Caffe with Apache Spark to create CaffeOnSpark, a distributed deep learning framework.

Caffe2 
In April 2017, Facebook announced Caffe2, which included new features such as recurrent neural network (RNN).
At the end of March 2018, Caffe2 was merged into PyTorch.

See also
 Comparison of deep learning software

References

External links
 

Deep learning software
Free science software
Free statistical software
Image processing
Information technology companies of the United States
Software using the BSD license
USCGC Sea Otter. USCGC Sea Otter (WPB-87362) is the 61st cutter in the United States Coast Guard's successful .

Design

The  Sea Otter incorporates several features not present in the Coast Guard's earlier cutters.  The class are equipped with a stern launching ramp, that allows the vessel to deploy or retrieve it waterjet propelled pursuit boat, without having to stop.  The Coast Guard had a new initiative, when the class was designed, that all its cutters, even the smallest, like the Marine Protector, should be able to accommodate mixed sex crews.

She displaces approximately , and her top speed is approximately .  The class is designed for missions lasting up to three days.  Marine Protector cutters are lightly armed, with all but the four owned by the US Navy mounting a main armament of a pair of crew-served fifty caliber Browning machine guns, on either side of their foredecks.

Cutters like Sea Otter are assigned to perform search and rescue, intercept drug smugglers and people smugglers, provide a front line response to disasters, and perform routine constabulary duties.

Operational history

On February 7, 2013, Sea Otter and  came to the assistance of a  pleasure craft, Tioga, which was sinking, in heavy swells,  south of San Clemente Island.

On March 11, 2015, Sea Otter helped intercept a small boat, carrying over 1.3 tons of marijuana.

References

External links

Sea Otter
2005 ships
Ships built in Lockport, Louisiana
Edison laboratory. Edison laboratory or laboratories refers to one of American inventor and businessman Thomas Edison's labs:

 the original Menlo Park, New Jersey laboratory, now:
 memorialized as Thomas Alva Edison Memorial Tower and Museum
 at Edison State Park, located in the Menlo Park section of Edison, New Jersey
 relocated and preserved at Greenfield Village in Michigan
 the West Orange, New Jersey laboratories, now preserved as Thomas Edison National Historical Park

See also 
 General Electric Research Laboratory, the first industrial research facility in the United States
Materials with memory. In continuum physics, materials with memory, also referred as materials with hereditary effects are a class of materials whose constitutive equations contains a dependence upon the past history of thermodynamic, kinetic, electromagnetic or other kind of state variables.

Historical notes
The study of these materials arises from the pioneering articles of Ludwig Boltzmann and Vito Volterra, in which they sought an extension of the concept of an elastic material. The key assumption of their theory was that the local stress value at a time  depends upon the history of the local deformation up to . In general, in materials with memory the local value of some constitutive quantity (stress, heat flux, electric current, polarization and magnetization, etc.) at a time  depends upon the history of the state variables (deformation, temperature, electric and magnetic fields, etc.). The hypothesis that the remote history of a variable has less influence than its values in the recent past, was stated in modern continuum mechanics as the fading memory principle by Bernard Coleman and Walter Noll.
This assumption was implicit in the pioneer works: when restricted to cyclic hystories, it traces back to the closed cycle principle stated by Volterra, which leads to a constitutive relation of integral convolution type.
In the linear case, this relation takes the form of a Volterra equation.

Constitutive relations of materials with memory
In the linear case, this relation takes the form of a Volterra equation:

See also

Biomaterial
Biomechanics
Dielectric relaxation
Hysteresis
Rheology
Viscosity
Viscoelasticity
Viscoplasticity

Notes

References

Articles
, published also as .
.
 (online version ).
.
. In this paper, written only few years after the discovery of the effect itself, Dario Graffi proposes a theory of the Luxemburg effect based on Volterra's theory of hereditary phenomena.
 (online version ).
 (online version ). In this paper, Graffi introduces the free energy now called Graffi–Volterra free energy after him.
.  is a short survey on the determination of the response functions of materials with memory by acoustical measurements.
.  is a note on fading memory principle.
.
. "The work of Vito Volterra on hereditary phenomena and some of their consequences" is an ample technical survey paper on the research work of Vito Volterra on hereditary phenomena in mathematical physics.
. An introduction to modern rational continuum mechanics by one of its leading contributors.
 (online version ). G. Del Piero, L. Deseri (1997); "", Arch. Rational Mech. Anal. 138, 1–35.

Books
.
.
 (also available as e-book with ).
.
.
 (available also as e-book with ).
.
.

 (see also ).
 (see also : the JFM reviews refer to the original 1930 English edition).

Congress proceedings and collections of articles on materials with memory

Materials science
Non-Newtonian fluids
Rubber properties
Continuum mechanics
Elasticity (physics)
Classical mechanics
Electrodynamics