omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Priming (microbiology). Priming or a "priming effect" is said to occur when something that is added to soil or compost  affects the rate of decomposition occurring on the soil organic matter (SOM), either positively or negatively. Organic matter is made up mostly of carbon and nitrogen, so adding a substrate containing certain ratios of these nutrients to soil may affect the microbes that are mineralizing SOM. Fertilizers, plant litter, detritus, and carbohydrate exudates from living roots, can potentially positively or negatively prime SOM decomposition.

See also 

 Soil carbon
 Nutrient cycle
 Soil chemistry
 Soil biology
 Environmental microbiology
 Microbial biodegradation

References 

Environmental soil science
3D Silicon Fish. 3D Silicon Fish is a video game for the VIC-20 published by Thor Computer Software in 1984. It was developed in the United Kingdom.

Plot
According to the instruction manual, the game takes place on Earth in the future where inhabitants are dependent on silicon for technology. Unfortunately, the silicon reserves are running out, but another source of silicon has been located in a faraway part of the galaxy. A mercenary going by the name of Sillo is sent to the dangerous area with a vehicle called the "silicon fisher" to gather the silicon and transport the cargo back to Earth.

Gameplay
The game consists of a maze located above a stream that flows from the top to the bottom of the screen. The player navigates through the maze with the silicon fisher vehicle while looking for silicon that floats along the river. Collecting the silicon is done by positioning the vehicle towards the direction where the silicon is heading and throwing out a net to catch it. Every so often, an enemy called a "Kryllon" materializes in the air and explodes after a short time span. If the player is within range of the explosion, they will be killed.

As each level is completed, the speed of the game quickens along with more randomly appearing Kryllons. The colour of the levels change as the game goes on, and the music grows faster as the pace of the game accelerates.

References

External links
3D Silicon Fish at Retrogamer

1984 video games
VIC-20 games
VIC-20-only games
Maze games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
Single-player video games
J/APG-1. The J/APG-1 is an active electronically scanned array (AESA) radar system designed and manufactured by Mitsubishi Electric for use on the Mitsubishi F-2 fighter aircraft starting in 2002. It was the first series production AESA to be introduced on a military aircraft in service. It is currently being upgraded to the J/APG-2 standard for compatibility with the new AAM-4B air-to-air missile.

See also
 Phased array
 Active electronically scanned array

References

Aircraft radars
Military radars of Japan
Military equipment introduced in the 2000s
OPS-24. The OPS-24 is a shipborne three-dimensional air search radar adopting active electronically scanned array (AESA) technology. 

OPS-24 was developed by the Technical Research and Development Institute (TRDI) of the Ministry of Defence, and manufactured by the Mitsubishi Electric. It is the first AESA radar employed on an operational warship, introduced on the , the first ship of the latter batch of the , launched in 1988. It is also being used on the Murasame and s.

References

Military radars of Japan
Naval radars
Mitsubishi_Electric_products,_services_and_standards
Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
Military equipment introduced in the 1980s
FCS-2. Type 81 Fire Control System (FCS-2) is a Japanese shipboard gun and missile fire-control system. This series of systems has been installed on destroyers of the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force built between FY1977 and FY2001 to control medium-caliber guns and Sea Sparrow missiles, including ESSM.

Background
In the 1960s, the  had been developing FCS-1, a traditional manned ship gun fire-control system. Then, in response to the sinking of Eilat in 1967, the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force began to focus on improving anti-ship missile defense (ASMD) capabilities. Since FY1970, the TRDI began to develop the , a new ASMD-capable FCS.

In FY1975, a prototype was installed in  with an OTO Melara 76 mm compact gun, and a marine test was started. In the initial plan, it was to be introduced into service with the  built under the FY1975 program, but it was abandoned due to development delay and dutch WM-25 was installed for this class. In order to solve this plan delay, special work groups were formed in 1978 with uniformed officials and civilian engineers. As they conducted vigorous research and fierce shooting experiments of hundreds of shots a day, shooting accuracy improved dramatically and all problems were solved.

Design
In the prototype, there were two antennas for track while scan operation: slotted waveguide antenna for searching and cassegrain antenna for tracking. Both antennas were covered with a radome. Also outside of the radome, an electro-optical tracker was installed. As a fire-control computer, digital electronic computer was installed instead of an electromechanical analog computer of the FCS-1. 

Mass production versions were put into service with destroyers and destroyer escorts built under the FY1977 program. On the , a combination of one FCS-2-12 and one FCS-2-21 was adopted at the beginning. FCS-2-12 is very similar to the prototype, but adds a missile guidance function. FCS-2-21A is a simplified version specialized in gun fire-control, adding an electro-optical tracker on the left side of tracking radar antenna and omitting the search radar antenna. And a FCS-2-21B was installed on the destroyer escort , which introduced a Passive electronically scanned array antenna instead of a cassegrain antenna and was capable of searching. Then many minor change models were developed.

In the second-generation DDs, two FCS-2-31 are installed, not a combination of two heterogeneous models. In this model, a dish similar to 2-21A controls both a medium-caliber gun and Sea Sparrow missiles.

Operators 
 
 Helicopter destroyers (DDH; both class were retrofitted at later dates)
 
 
 Guided missile destroyers (DDG)
  (retrofitted at a later date)
 
 
 
 General-purpose destroyers (DD/DDA)
  (retrofitted at later dates)
 
 
 
 
 Destroyer escorts (DE)
 
 
 
 Minor surface combatants and auxiliary ships

References

Bibliography

External links 

Military radars of Japan
Naval radars
Military equipment introduced in the 1970s
FCS-3. FCS-3 is an integrated naval weapons system developed by the Japanese Defense Ministry for the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force.

This system is composed of weapon-direction and fire-control subsystem and a multi-function radar subsystem. The multi-function radar subsystem adopted active electronically scanned array (AESA) technology, and there are two sets of antennas: the larger one is a C-band radar for surveillance and tracking, the smaller one is an X-band radar as a fire-control radar.

After a prolonged sea trial on board JS Asuka, this system was introduced in 2007 on the . The enhanced version, FCS-3A, was employed on the Akizuki-class destroyers., and limited-function version, OPS-50, was also delivered for the s. The fire-control function are omitted in the OPS-50 system, so they have only one set of antennas operating C-band.

The Asahi-class destroyer features an FCS-3A radar that uses Gallium nitride technology to improve its performance.

References

Military radars of Japan
Naval radars
Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force
Military equipment introduced in the 2000s
Drott Manufacturing Company. The Drott Manufacturing Company was a manufacturer of heavy equipment buckets. The company existed from 1916 until 1968.

History
The company founded (as the Drott Tractor Company) by Edward Drott in 1916.  The company was based in Butternut, Wisconsin before moving to Wausau, Wisconsin. In 1923, after several re-organizations, it became the Drott Manufacturing Company. Drott was taken over by Tenneco in 1968 and became a division of Case Corporation which was owned by Tenneco.

Drott Buckets
Drott developed buckets for other manufacturer's construction bulldozers, including one of the first of its type for Caterpillar in 1930. The bucket held roughly 1 cubic yard of soil. The company's best-known product was the Drott 4 in 1 bucket. This was a tractor attachment with four functions: dozer, clamshell, bucket and scraper. The "International Drott" was an International Harvester tractor fitted with Drott equipment. In 1950, International signed an agreement with Drott to produce the machines under the name "International-Drott."

United Kingdom
The Drott 4 in 1 bucket was manufactured in the UK by Rubery Owen and tractors fitted with this equipment became known as "Drotts".

References

External links

 IH Drott B100 at work

Companies based in Wisconsin
Construction equipment manufacturers of the United States
Wausau, Wisconsin
Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1916
American companies established in 1916
1916 establishments in Wisconsin
Defunct companies based in Wisconsin
Motor vehicle manufacturers based in Wisconsin
Anton–Schmidt equation of state. The Anton–Schmidt equation is an empirical equation of state for crystalline solids, e.g. for pure metals or intermetallic compounds.
Quantum mechanical investigations of intermetallic compounds show that the dependency of the pressure under isotropic deformation can be described empirically by

.

Integration of  leads to the equation of state for the total energy. The energy  required to compress a solid to volume  is

which gives 
.

The fitting parameters  and  are related to material properties, where
 is the bulk modulus  at equilibrium volume .
  correlates with the Grüneisen parameter .

However, the fitting parameter  does not reproduce the total energy of the free atoms.

The total energy equation is used to determine elastic and thermal material constants in quantum chemical simulation packages.

The equation of state has been used in cosmological contexts to describe the dark energy dynamics. However its use has been recently criticized since it appears disfavored than simpler equations of state adopted for the same purpose.

See also 

 Murnaghan equation of state
 Rose–Vinet equation of state
 Birch–Murnaghan equation of state

References 

Solid mechanics
Equations of state
CERES (satellite). CERES (CapacitÉ de Renseignement Électromagnétique Spatiale) is a French space-based electronic surveillance constellation designed to collect intelligence of electromagnetic origins anywhere in the world. Consisting of three formation-flying satellites, it was developed by Airbus Defence and Space and Thales Alenia Space under the management of the CNES for the French defence procurement agency (DGA).

Launched in November 2021, the satellites are expected to reach their final orbit, 700 km from Earth, after a few months and full operational capability by the end of 2022. Their purpose is to allow France to gather data that was previously inaccessible from land, sea, or airborne sensors, and for the French military to more quickly and effectively adapt to new operational scenarios. An all-weather system operational 24/7, the CERES constellation is notably capable of tracking, identifying and mapping enemy radars, air defenses and command centers.

The CERES will replace the ELISA demonstrator, a cluster of four satellites that were deorbited in the summer of 2021 after ten years of service.

History 

The collection of electromagnetic intelligence is a strategic tool for France. In order to master this technology, CNES has developed and launched the Essaim and ELISA. These demonstrators set the framework for an operational program called CERES. Like its predecessors, CERES is made up of satellites flying in formation (in close proximity to each other). It can pick up electromagnetic signals on the ground and is able to triangulate the position of transmitters, making the 3 satellites capable of detecting, locating and characterizing radar and telecommunication transmitters. Airbus Defence and Space is responsible for the integration of the complete system and the space segment comprising the three satellites, while Thales is responsible for the entire mission chain and system performance, from the onboard payload to the user ground segment. In addition, Thales Alenia Space has provided Airbus with the satellite platforms. The program cost is estimated at €450 million.

The three satellites forming CERES were to be placed in orbit in 2020 by a Vega rocket, which was ordered from Arianespace in January 2016. However, following an anomaly on a casing, which led to some additional work, it was announced in October 2019 that the launch of a first satellite scheduled for 2020 would be postponed to 2021. The launch finally took place on 16 November 2021, at 09:27:55 UTC, onboard of the Vega flight VV20, with all 3 satellites being sent instead of one. Full operational capability is expected to be reached by the end of 2022 but it was reported they were used operationally for the first time in spring 2022 in the context of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

See also 

 Essaim
 ELISA

References 

Reconnaissance satellites of France
Signals intelligence satellites
Spacecraft launched in 2021
Military equipment introduced in the 2020s
2021 in France
CNES
Preparatory Institute for Engineering Studies of Nabeul. Preparatory Institute for Engineering Nabeul  (المعهد التحضيري للدراسات الهندسية بنابل) or IPEIN  is a Tunisian university establishment founded in 1986 according to the law N°86-954. Part of the University of Carthage. It is the first preparatory  engineering institute in Tunisia.It is located in Mrezka, Nabeul.

Mission 
The main mission of the institute is to provide a two-year curriculum of intense mathematics, physics and industrial science courses to prepare students for the national engineering selective exams, or commonly known in French as concours nationaux d'entrée aux cycles de formation d'ingénieurs. Success in the exams is determined by a score-based ranking system limited by a national quota. Successful candidates can apply to technical and scientific schools, such as the Polytechnic School of Tunisia and the Graduate School of Communications of Tunis. Each school has its own quotas for each one of its programs. Notable schools will generally require a very good rank (300 and below).

See also

Preparatory Institute 
 Monastir Preparatory Engineering Institute
 Tunis Preparatory Engineering Institute
 El Manar Preparatory Engineering Institute
 Sfax Preparatory Engineering Institute

References

External links 
 Official website

1986 establishments in Tunisia
Educational institutions established in 1986
Universities in Tunisia
Education in Tunisia
Educational organisations based in Tunisia
Scientific organisations based in Tunisia
Zeoform. Zeoform is a material developed by the Australian company, Zeo IP Pty made from water and cellulose. Polymeric lignocellulosic fibres from industrial biomass are used to produce a structural material suitable for various applications in the industrial sector. Depending on the source material it is non-toxic, biodegradable, and that it could replace many forms of hard plastics, synthetic compounds and other polymers.

History
Production is based on a process developed in 1897 by the German company M.M.Rotten in Berlin to produce a natural material utilizing cellulose. Almost 100 years later, three material researchers advanced the process and, in 2005, created a company that manufactured artisanal products from the material.

Production
Zeoform is derived from lignocellulosic biomass, such as hemp, cotton, bamboo, sisal, jute, palm, coconut and other cellulose feedstock. It is made without any glues, binders, chemicals or synthetics. The fundamental chemistry (and patented formula) causes a fibrillation (feathering) of cellulose micro-fibres (in water), then physical ‘entanglement’ and hydroxyl bonding through evaporation. Done correctly, it results in a super-strong, highly durable, consistent material that emulates wood & wood composites, resin composites, fibreglass and many hard plastics. Zeoform can be produced with various qualities – from light styrofoam to dense ebony. The material is sustainable, compostable and sequesters carbon.

Applications
Zeoform can be used as a replacement for conventional materials in hundreds of industries, including construction grade flat sheets and curved panels to replace MDF, Masonite, Formica, Corian and other synthetic composites. Zeoform can be sprayed, molded, pressed, laminated or formed using manual and mechanical processes. It can be produced in quantities ranging from small cottage industry to fully automated and robotic mass production.

See also

 similar materials are marketed as Zelfo and Hempstone
 Biodegradable plastic

References

Composite materials
Southern Bleachery and Print Works. Southern Bleachery and Print Works is a historic factory building in Taylors, Greenville County, South Carolina. Founded by former Furman University English professor Bennette Geer (who was operating under the aegis of James Buchanan Duke), and built by the J. E. Sirrine Company of Greenville, the mill operated between 1924 and 1965, with the last historic structure being built in 1952. The property consists of 15 contributing resources, including a main building, warehouses, a smokestack, a detached boiler room with smokestack, a filtration plant, and two ponds. The bleachery acquired unfinished goods produced by other textile mills and converted them by bleaching, dyeing, and finishing into material used to manufacture clothing and other items. A small mill village, including Baptist and Methodist churches, was established nearby, and many mill houses continued to exist into the 21st century.

There are about 827,000 square feet of interior space, and although after closure of the mill in 1965, a few businesses operated from the facility, no major company ever again used its "cavernous halls." In 2015, the main portion of the structure was purchased by Taylors Mill Development, LLP, and space was leased to artists and craftsmen as well as to a restaurant, a brewery, and a bar. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

References

Industrial buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Industrial buildings completed in 1952
National Register of Historic Places in Greenville County, South Carolina
Buildings and structures in Greenville County, South Carolina
Dyes
Bleaches
Textile mills in South Carolina
Jagdishchandra Bose Aquarium. Jagdish Chandra Bose Aquarium is situated in the Pal area of Surat, Gujarat, India. It is the first multidisciplinary underwater aquarium of its kind in the country and named after the Bengali scientist Jagadish Chandra Bose. Inaugurated on 1 March 2014 by Narendra Modi

The aquarium will be the home of more than 100 species of fish, from fresh, brackish and marine waters, in 52 tanks. Aquascaping is underway as per the species' requirements, and each tank will replicate a collection of species' natural ecosystem.

The 25,722 square meter space will cost 20 Crores Indian Rupees. During the first phase of aquarium construction, a jellyfish pool and a shark tank will be key attractions. The shark tank will be two floors high (40 feet long, 30 feet wide) and hold 700,000 liters. It will house two sharks. In the second phase, a dolphin tunnel pool habitat will be added.

Building 
Outside of the aquarium is a large whale skeleton is surrounded by a garden. The aquarium has two floors, containing many small tanks and a larger tank.

Species 
Resident species include: Gold fish, Man-eater Piranhas, as well as other local and exotic species. Various small fish and sharks are seen in the large tank; while fish in the small tank include: Alligator Gar, Cichlid, Ghost Fish, Lionfish, Starfish and Stingrays. In the aquarium, the following can be found: American Lobster, Moray Eel, Snowflake Eel and Turtles.

Gallery

External links
 Surat Aquarium on Facebook

See also
 List of tourist attractions in Surat

Aquaria in India
Tourist attractions in Surat
Buildings and structures in Surat
Robert Bristow. Robert Bristow may refer to:

 Robert Bristow (1662–1706), MP for Winchelsea 1698–1701
 Robert Bristow (1688–1737), MP for Winchelsea 1708–37
 Robert Bristow (1712–1776), MP for Winchelsea 1738–41, New Shoreham 1747–61
 Robert Bristow (engineer) (1880–1966), British harbour engineer best known for development of the port of Kochi in India
 Robert O'Neil Bristow (1926–2018), American novelist

See also 
 Bristow (surname)
Alexander W. Swanitz. Alexander W. Swanitz (April 1851 - December 22, 1915) was an American civil engineer who participated in the construction of a number of railroads in various parts of the country.

Personal life
Born in Richland County, Illinois in 1851, he was the son of Dr. G. and Ida (von Stephan) Swanltz. He received his education at Carl August College, in Eisenach, Germany, and Ecole Technique, in Paris, France. He married Mary Henning in 1875; they had one son, Henry.

Career
Swanitz served as Assistant. U. S. Engineer (1870-2); Lieutenant-Colonel of Engineers in the Egyptian Army (1873); and Superintendent of public schools, in Hickman, Kentucky (1874-5). He was a  city engineer in Shreveport, Louisiana (1876) construction engineer for the International–Great Northern Railroad in Texas (1877–81); construction engineer for Chicago and North Western Transportation Company in Iowa and South Dakota (1881-7); chief engineer and manager of the  Chicago & Calumet Terminal (1888-9); chief engineer of Charleston East Shore Railroad Terminals (1889–91); consulting engineer on Wall Street in New York City (1891-5); chief engineer and manager of the New Orleans Terminals (1895-8) and Sticknoy Clearing Yard in Chicago (1899-1901). He became the chief engineer of the Alaska Central Railway in Seward, Alaska in 1901. In 1905, he was appointed engineer in charge of the Valdez-Yukon Railroad. He died at Alameda, California in 1915.

References

1851 births
1915 deaths
People from Richland County, Illinois
American railway civil engineers
Engineers from Illinois
Aluminium arsenate. Aluminium arsenate is an inorganic compound with the formula . It is most commonly found as an octahydrate. It is a colourless solid that is produced by the reaction between sodium arsenate and a soluble aluminium salt. Aluminium arsenate occurs naturally as the mineral mansfieldite. Anhydrous form is known as an extremely rare, fumarolic mineral alarsite A synthetic hydrate of aluminium arsenate is produced by hydrothermal method. with the formulation .

Modification of aluminium orthoarsenate was carried out by heating different samples to different temperatures. Both amorphous and crystalline forms were obtained. The solubility product was determined to be 10−18.06 for aluminium arsenate hydrate of formula .
Like gallium arsenate and boron arsenate, it adopts the α-quartz-type structure. The high pressure form has a rutile-type structure in which aluminium and arsenic are six-coordinate.

References

Aluminium compounds
Arsenates
Trigonal crystals
Raptor (robot). Raptor () is a bipedal robot which was designed and conceived in 2014 by the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST). It has a top speed of 46 km/h, making it the second fastest robot after the Cheetah, and the fastest bipedal robot worldwide. Designers at the KAIST took their inspiration from the Velociraptor, a bipedal dinosaur which balances itself with its tail. The robot moves itself with a pair of carbon / epoxy composite blade legs.

Bibliography 

Robots of South Korea