omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
ModeMapping. ModeMapping  is a research technique developed by  Stuart Karten Design (SKD), a Los Angeles, United States, based industrial design firm. It is a method of interpreting standard consumer research to uncover areas of unmet needs.

It can be understood as a visualization tool that tracks the state of mind of consumers over time. Designers can then look for patterns by using a colorcoding system of categorizing these states of mind, or “modes,” that describe activity (“work mode” or “play mode”).  The color-coded patterns of consumer behavior allow designers to look for shared experiences and then use these observations to suggest solutions that will appeal to customers. This also creates a topography of sorts of consumer activities as well as how they are thinking and feeling during those activities.

SKD has used ModeMapping to drive product lines for companies including Johnson Controls and Avery Dennison. For example, for Johnson Controls, SKD found that the drivers they observed all made quick, frequent transitions from role to role (parent at school, friend meeting peers at a restaurant) throughout the day. Seeing this pattern led the designers to suggest products such as a modular storage system that can easily be loaded into a vehicle and a reminder system (using RFID tags) that would alert drivers when important items (say, kids' sports equipment before a game) wasn’t brought into the car.

ModeMapping has won a Silver International Design Excellence Award in 2006.

BusinessWeek featured ModeMapping as an “innovation tool worth trying now.”

External links
 SKD website
 BusinessWeek on ModeMapping
 Stuart Karten Discusses ModeMapping at the Design Research Conference
 IDSA, ID Firms- ModeMapping: SKD’s Proprietary Research Process

References

Industrial design
Sodium diacetate. Sodium diacetate is a compound with formula . It is a salt of acetic acid.  It is a colorless solid that is used in seasonings and as an antimicrobial agent.

Preparation and structure
The salt forms upon half-neutralization of acetic acid followed by evaporation of the solution.  It can be viewed as the result of homoassociation, an effect that enhances the acidity of acetic acid in concentrated solution:
 2 CH3CO2H  +  NaOH   →   Na+[(CH3CO2)2H]−  +  H2O

Also described as the sodium acid salt of acetic acid, it is best described as the sodium salt of the hydrogen-bonded anion (CH3CO2)2H−.  The O···O distance is about 2.47 angstrom.  The species has no significant existence in solution but forms stable crystals.

Applications
As a food additive, it has E number E262 and is used to impart a salt and vinegar flavor.

See also
 Sodium acetate

References

Acetates
Organic sodium salts
Acid salts
Food additives
Lucas L5. 

The Lucas L5 was a sport aircraft designed in France in the late 1970s and marketed for amateur construction. It was a conventional, low-wing cantilever monoplane with side-by-side seating for two in a fully enclosed cabin. Construction was of metal throughout, and the builder was given the option of fixed, tricycle undercarriage, or tailwheel undercarriage in which the main units were manually retractable.

Specifications

Notes

References

External links
 Photo gallery on designer's website
 Video of a Lucas L5 in flight, and brief talk with designer Emile Lucas (in French)

1970s French sport aircraft
Lucas aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1976
Odersun. Odersun was a German photovoltaic (PV) company that developed and manufactured CIGS cells on a flexible copper backing, specifically designed for building-integrated photovoltaics. The insolvent company went into administration on 1 June 2012 and filed for bankruptcy.

Odersun employed more than 320 people in production, research and management in Frankfurt an der Oder, Fürstenwalde and Berlin, Germany. In cooperation with partner and investor AT&M, the company was setting up a joint venture in Beijing, China.

The company produced its flexible photovoltaic modules according to a proprietary and patented manufacturing process. These thin-film modules converted sunlight into electricity using a thin layer of a copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) semiconductor which was deposited on copper tape. These were cut, interconnected and built into different forms of modules depending on their application such as facades, roofs, canopies or louvers.

In 2008, the company topped the inaugural Guardian/Library House "CleanTech 100" list, which showcased the then best companies in European clean technology.

See also 
 Copper tape
 List of CIGS companies

References 

Thin-film cell manufacturers
Engineering companies of Germany
Luscombe 11 Sedan. The Luscombe 11 Sedan is a civil utility aircraft produced in the United States in the late 1940s.

Design and development
In 1946 Luscombe introduced the four-place model 11, designed to specifications produced by the Flying Farmers of America. This was designed as a combined family/business aircraft, capable of carrying four people.  With the back seat removed, up to six milk cans could be carried. Eventually, the Flying Farmer market proved to be a myth, so the Model 11 Sedan was finished with a more upmarket interior to appeal to the businessman. Certification was accomplished in May 1948. 38 examples remained on the U.S. civil aircraft register in August 2010.

The model 11A was reworked into the model 11E by engineers at the Luscombe Aircraft Corporation (later renamed to Quartz Mountain Aerospace after learning that the Don Luscombe Aviation History Foundation had trademarked the Luscombe name). The 11E model features tricycle landing gear and an  Continental IO-360.  Quartz Mountain Aerospace produced the 11E in Altus, Oklahoma until they declared bankruptcy in November 2009. There are 15 examples registered in the U.S. civil aircraft register as of March 2011. The remaining assets of Quartz Mountain Aerospace were auctioned in 2011 to RA Lalli, based in Stratford, Conn., including the type and production certificates, 7 completed aircraft, and a large amount of spares. The Connecticut group which fabricates and supplies aircraft parts to several major North American companies was the successful bidder for the airplane's Federal Aviation Administration type certificate. Geza Scap, president of JGS Properties, said he purchased the Luscombe type certificate because he is interested in manufacturing the plane, a single-engine four-seater. Scap said his company fabricates parts for Boeing and for several helicopter companies and owns five vehicle dealerships in Connecticut. In 2017, WZD Enterprises Inc. acquired the Luscombe 11A and 11E Type Certificates with remaining assets from JGS Properties. WZD Enterprises intent to start the 11E productions in China.

Specifications (Model 11 Sedan)

References

Citations

Bibliography

1940s United States civil utility aircraft
11
High-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1946
Sulfurcell. German company Sulfurcell was founded in 2001 in Berlin for developing and producing thin film solar cells based on copper indium sulfide (CIS) technology.  The venture capital backed company was voted sixth on the 2008 inaugural Guardian/Library House "CleanTech 100" list, which showcased the best in European clean technology companies. The company was renamed into Soltecture in 2009. On 9 May 2012, Soltecture went into administration.

See also 
 List of CIGS companies
 List of solar cell manufacturers

References

Thin-film cell manufacturers
Luscombe 10. 

The Luscombe 10 was a single-seat sport aircraft built in the United States in 1945. It was a conventional, low-wing cantilever monoplane with fixed, tailwheel landing gear, designed for aerobatics. The wings, tail unit, and engine section were all adapted from the Luscombe 8, while the fuselage center section was an all-new design, relocating the Model 8's wings from a high to low position.

Despite promising results from flight testing, Luscombe ultimately felt that there was not a sufficient market for the type, and development was halted almost immediately. The sole prototype (registration NX-33337) was destroyed in 1948 for tax reasons.

Specifications

References

Notes

Bibliography
 
 
 
 

1940s United States sport aircraft
10
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1945
LVG C.V. The LVG C.V was a reconnaissance aircraft produced in large numbers in Germany during World War I.

Design and development
The C.V was a conventional two-bay biplane design of its day, with unstaggered wings of equal span and tandem, open cockpits for the pilot and observer. The ailerons, fitted only to the upper wing, featured aerodynamic balances that extended past the wingtips. The fuselage was a semi-monocoque construction skinned in wood.

Following the war, some C.Vs were used as civil transports, while some 150 machines captured by Polish forces were put to use by the Polish army. Other post-war users included Russia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia; together operating about 30 aircraft.

Operators
 
Luftstreitkrafte
 
Latvian Air Force - Postwar
 
Lithuanian Air Force - Postwar
 
Polish Air Force - used as a reconnaissance aircraft during Polish–Soviet War, then in postwar service
 
Imperial Russian Air Service - Postwar
 
Ottoman Air Force

Specifications

Notes

References

 

 
 

1910s German military reconnaissance aircraft
C.V
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Biplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1917
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear

de:LVG C.V-VIII
List of pseudoscientific water fuel inventions. This article attempts to list pseudoscientific inventions wherein common water is used to either augment or generate a fuel to power an engine, boiler or other source of power. This is not to be confused with legitimate inventions (such as hydroelectricity) in which the kinetic energy of flowing water is used for power.

Electrolysis 
The electrolysis of water splits water into hydrogen and oxygen, producing a usable fuel. However, the energy required for electrolysis is greater than the energy released by burning this fuel, so this is not a viable way to manufacture energy. Nonetheless, several people have claimed to create devices that do exactly this.
 Stanley Meyer, who claimed to run a car on water in 1984.
 Charles Frazer, an inventor from Ohio who, in 1918 patented a hydrogen booster which claimed to use electrolysis to increase vehicle power and fuel efficiency while greatly reducing exhaust emissions.
 Daniel Dingel, a Filipino engineer who was involved in water fuel research since 1968. A video interview showed Dingel's Toyota Corolla with an on-board hydrogen water fuel generator. In 2008 he was given a 20-year sentence for fraud.

Submerged gasification 
Ruggero Maria Santilli's "Magnegas" recyclers, which use an underwater carbon arc to gasify bio-contaminated liquid into a clean-burning gas.

Transformative claims 
Water is claimed to be transformed into a fuel itself, by the addition of some ingredient. This may be either a highly concentrated addition, or a catalyst (i.e. not consumed in use).
 Hongcheng Magic Liquid
 Gasoline pill

See also 
 Free energy suppression conspiracy theory
 Hydrogen fuel enhancement
 Perpetual motion
 Water-fuelled car
 Water injection (engines)

References

Further reading
 

Sustainable energy
Lists related to renewable energy
Lists of inventions or discoveries
Rozenite. Rozenite is a hydrous iron sulfate mineral, Fe2+SO4·4(H2O).

It occurs as a secondary mineral, formed under low humidity at less than  as an alteration of copper-free melanterite, which is a post mine alteration product of pyrite or marcasite. It also occurs in lacustrine sediments and coal seams. Associated minerals include melanterite, epsomite, jarosite, gypsum, sulfur, pyrite, marcasite and limonite.

It was first described in 1960 for an occurrence on Ornak Mountain, Western Tatra Mountains, Małopolskie, Poland. It was named for Polish mineralogist Zygmunt Rozen (1874–1936).

The thermal expansion of rozenite was studied from   to   using neutron diffraction. Rozenite exhibits negative linear thermal expansion, meaning that it expands in one direction upon cooling.

References

Sulfate minerals
Iron(II) minerals
Monoclinic minerals
Minerals in space group 14
FogBugz. FogBugz is an integrated web-based project management system  featuring bug and issue tracking, discussion forums, wikis, customer relationship management, and evidence-based scheduling originally developed by Fog Creek Software.

History
FogBugz was re-branded as Manuscript at the end of 2017.

On August 3, 2018 Manuscript was acquired by DevFactory. They renamed it back to FogBugz.

References

External links
 

Project management software
Bug and issue tracking software
2000 software
Remote data capture. Remote data capture is the process of automatic collection of scientific data. It is widely used in clinic trials, where it is referred to as electronic data capture. In physical sciences, automatic observation hardware in the field can be linked to an observer in a laboratory through a cellphone or other communication link, for example in hydrology. RDC systems influenced the design of later electronic data capture (EDC) systems.

References

Clinical research
Telemetry
Clinical data management
Hunter's Moon (video game). Hunter's Moon is a shoot 'em up programmed by Martin Walker for the Commodore 64 and published by Thalamus in 1987. The music was composed by Matt Gray.

Summary
Despite the game being a single ~64kb binary, the game world is large: there are 128 levels divided to 32 star systems. It is an example of procedural content generation in early computer games.

Each level takes place in a void with two dimensional cities appearing as they are being built by "worker cells". The worker cells are indestructible but the bricks dropped by them can be temporarily destroyed using the ship's weapon. The goal of the game is to collect enough star cells contained inside the cities to get to the next level. By collecting enough star cells within a strict time limit (displayed in the lower score table) it is possible to skip the remaining levels in current star system and pass on to the next, allowing skilled players to advance the game quicker.

According to the game's creator Martin Walker, Hunter's Moon was inspired by the children's toy Spirograph.

Reception
Hunter's Moon received a score of 92% in computer games magazine Zzap!64, earning its Sizzler accolade for games rated 90-95% overall. The magazine also went on to chronicle the production of Martin Walker's next game, Citadel, in a diary column named Walker's Way.

References

External links
 Interview with the creator

1987 video games
Commodore 64 games
Commodore 64-only games
Shoot 'em ups
Thalamus Ltd games
Video games developed in the United Kingdom
John A. Blume. John Augustus Blume (April 8, 1909 – March 1, 2002) was an American structural engineer born in Gonzales, California.  He first decided he wanted to study earthquake engineering when he witnessed the Santa Barbara earthquake of 1925. In 1929, he went to Stanford University, where he later received his A.B.degree, his graduate degree of engineer and his doctorate.

Blume's career included major contributions to dynamic theory, soil structure interactions, and the inelastic behavior of structures, earning him the title of the “Father of Earthquake Engineering.”  Blume died at the age of 92 at his Hillsborough, California home on March 1, 2002.

See also 
George W Housner
Maurice Anthony Biot

Notes

Further reading 

 Blume, John A. Interview with Stanley Scott. Connections: The EERI Oral History Series. Oakland, CA: Earthquake Engineering Research Institute. 1994. ISBN 0-943198-44-5.
 
 
 John A. Blume 1909-2002, National Academy of Engineering Memorial Tribute.

1909 births
2002 deaths
American structural engineers
Stanford University alumni
American civil engineers
20th-century American engineers
Engineers Country Club. Engineers Country Club is a historic country club located in Roslyn Harbor, New York, on the historic Gold Coast on the north shore of Long Island.

History
Founded as a Jewish country club, the club has an 18-hole championship golf course which hosted the PGA Championship in 1919 and the U.S. Amateur in 1920. The competitions were won by Jim Barnes and Chick Evans, respectively. Herbert Strong was the architect of the original golf course and Devereux Emmet remodeled part of the course in 1921.
  
The golf course was constructed on the former grounds of the W. R. Willet Manor estate. The property was purchased by the Engineers Country Club in March 1917, which had been formed on January 21, 1917 by the Engineers Club of Manhattan.The first round on the newly constructed course was played on June 29, 1918. The first foursome out consisted of club president B. G. M. Thomas, vice president Nat M. Garland, Frank Dupont, chairman of the Building Committee, and T. I. Jones, one of the governors. After completion of his round, Garland described the 18th green as "sui generis, rara avis ... in a class by itself".

Engineers Country Club plays  yards from the black tees,  from the blue tees,  from the white,  from the gold tees and  from the red women's tees. The women's championship tees are farther back at .

The signature 14th hole, which for a time had been abandoned, has now been reintegrated to the main golf course and is open for play.  This short  par three with a classic postage stamp green was dubbed the "Two or Twenty Hole" due to the fact that in 1919 Bobby Jones and Gene Sarazen both took double figures on the tricky hole. There is a sign near the tee box referring to the difficulties Jones and Sarazen experienced while playing the hole.

In August 1920 a sports writer said, "No young club in the history of golf, let it go back 400 years, has come in for as much discussion and comment as Engineers. The main nerve test will be on the greens. You will find strong men weeping as they finish a round."

In July 1924, prior to the playing of the Metropolitan Open at Engineers Country Club, golf writer George Trevor of the Brooklyn Daily Eagle described the golf course:

Since 1998 the club has completed major renovations to update its facilities. In 2004, club president Jonathan Gold stated, "We became kid-friendly about six years ago. We built a kiddie pool and playground, and we hold events such as carnivals. Making it attractive for children is a big draw. We are relaxing a lot of the age-old rules that have been part of these old-time country clubs that would frown on kids under a certain age."

In 2018, Engineers Country Club was sold to RXR Realty.

References

External links 

  Official site
 Engineers Country Club on GolfClubAtlas.com

Roslyn Harbor, New York
Golf clubs and courses in New York (state)
Sports venues in Long Island
Sports venues in Nassau County, New York
Town of North Hempstead, New York
Golf clubs and courses designed by Devereux Emmet
Yakovlev Yak-20. The Yakovlev Yak-20 ()  was an experimental piston-engined trainer developed in the Soviet Union in 1949. It did not go into production.

Design and development
In 1949 the Yak-20 was designed by the Yakovlev OKB for use with aviation clubs as a trainer and sport aircraft. Intended to be the cheapest modern aircraft that could serve as a useful pilot trainer and aerobatic sport aircraft, the Yak-20 was intended to be considerably cheaper to build and operate than the contemporary Yak-18.

Though structurally similar to the Yak-18, the Yak-20 had a welded steel tube fuselage which was skinned with aluminium alloy sheet and fabric, with aluminium alloy wings, skinned in metal back to the single spar, and fabric aft of the spar. Accommodation was side by side under a large blown canopy, which slid open to the rear. The cockpit had dual stick controls, with the pilot sitting on the left. There was a central push-pull throttle, and simple gyro instruments. The engine was the newly developed Ivchenko AI-10 five-cylinder radial. This engine was small and extremely light. It was rated at 80 hp, driving a V-515 controllable-pitch counterweight propeller. Fuel was carried in two 35 liter (7.7 gallon) tanks in the wing roots, ahead of the single spar.

Operational history
The Yak-20 was designed from the start to be fully aerobatic with very high spin resistance. The two prototypes were tested by pilots Anokhin and Georgii Shiyanov, and later by DOSAAF pilots, as well as a succession of leading aerobatic sport pilots who were invited to fly it. All were eager to see it put into production. State Acceptance trials followed, but the State evaluation team considered the Yak-20 too small and underpowered, recommending a redesign to match the performance of the Yak-18. Some of the criticisms of the State evaluation team were addressed in the second prototype, (Yak-20-2), which, as a result, became heavier and lost the performance edge of the first prototype. With Yak-18 production already in full swing, production of the Yak-20 was deemed superfluous. The final blow came when production of the small Ivchenko AI-10 engine was cancelled.

Variants
Yak-20-1
First Prototype.
Yak-20-2
Second Prototype

Specifications  (Yak-20-1)

See also

References

External links
Yakovlev Yak-20

1940s Soviet civil trainer aircraft
Yak-020
Aerobatic aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1949
Single-engined piston aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Yakovlev Yak-33. The Yakovlev Yak-33 was a vertical takeoff and landing supersonic multi-purpose aircraft family, studied in the early 1960s, with variants of a basic design used to fulfill different roles, in a similar fashion to the Yak-25, Yak-27, Yak-28 family.

Several configurations were studied including canard and tailless deltas, however matching supersonic performance with VTOL ability seriously compromised the design's ability to carry out its primary missions.

Specifications (Yak-33 estimated)

References

Further reading

1960s Soviet fighter aircraft
1960s Soviet bomber aircraft
1960s Soviet military reconnaissance aircraft
VTOL aircraft
Yak-033
Abandoned military aircraft projects of the Soviet Union
Freidun Aghalyan. Freidun Aghalyan (November 20, 1876, in Shusha, Russian Empire – February 1, 1944, in Yerevan) was an Armenian architect.

In 1903 Aghalian finished a building for the Saint-Petersburg Institute of Civil Engineering. Between 1903 & 1921 he oversaw the construction of railroad bridges, gymnasia, the Treasury palace and Workers' House in Baku, and the Armenian church of Armavir, Russia. 

In 1921, he moved to Yerevan, here he headed the construction department of Kanaker. He was the author of Kanaker HES and several other buildings in Yerevan, Kanaker and Getamej. After 1917, Aghalian also worked as a lecturer in Baku and then in Yerevan.

Sources
Concise Armenian Encyclopedia, Ed. by. acad. K. Khudaverdyan, Book 1, Yerevan, 1990, p. 121

1876 births
1944 deaths
Architects from Shusha
People from Elizavetpol Governorate
Soviet Armenians
Soviet architects
Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering alumni