omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Back River (Maryland). Back River is a tidal estuary in Baltimore County, Maryland, located about  east of the city of Baltimore. The estuary extends from Essex, Maryland, southeast for about  to the Chesapeake Bay. The watershed area is  and includes Essex Skypark Airport and the Back River Wastewater Treatment Plant. The river is shared between Essex, MD, Dundalk, MD, and Edgemere, MD

Water quality 

Back River is in a highly urbanized area and is subject to extensive urban runoff and other forms of water pollution. The Maryland Department of the Environment has listed water quality impairments in the mainstem river for chlordane (a pesticide), and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus). The Herring Run tributary is listed as impaired due to high levels of bacteria. The Baltimore County Department of Environmental Protection and Resource Management (DEPRM) has classified Bread and Cheese Creek as having a “Very High Priority” for stormwater management actions, due to the large amount of trash and sediment found in it. The county recommends implementing a number of remedial activities to control urban runoff pollution, including "downspout disconnection, storm drain marking, buffer improvement, alley retrofit, street sweeping, tree planting and public education."

Tributaries 
The Back River watershed consists of  of streams in Baltimore County and Baltimore City.
 Armistead Run
 Biddison Run
 Bread and Cheese Creek
 Brien’s Run
 Chinquapin Run
 Deep Creek
 Duck Creek
 Herring Run
 Moore’s Run
 Northeast Creek
 Redhouse Run
 Stemmers Run
 Tiffany Run

See also 
 List of rivers of Maryland

References 

 United States Geological Survey. Reston, VA. "Back River." Geographic Names Information System (GNIS). Accessed 2009-08-28.

External links 
 Back River Restoration Committee
 Clean Bread and Cheese Creek
Blue Water Baltimore, formed in 2010 from a merger of the Gwynns Falls, Jones Falls, Herring Run, and Baltimore Harbor Watershed Associations, and the Baltimore Harbor Waterkeeper

Rivers of Baltimore County, Maryland
Tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay
Rivers of Maryland
VG-1 (steel). VG-1 (also known as V Gold 1 steel) is a high Carbon (C) Molybdenum (Mo) stainless steel manufactured by Takefu Special Steel Co., Ltd. It is not the same steel as VG-10.

VG-1 has a Carbon (C) content between 0.95–1.05 %, Chromium (Cr) content between 13.0–15.0 %, Molybdenum (Mo) content between 0.2–0.4 % and contains less than 0.25% of Nickel (Ni). During forging, Mo and Cr form hard double carbide bonds, which help improve the abrasion and corrosion resistance of the steel. It is usually heat treated to reach hardness of HRC 58–61.

Knife retailer Cold Steel markets a variety of knives that use VG-1.  Cold Steel claims that VG-1 has better sharpness, edge retention, point strength, shock and strength characteristics than 440C, VG-10, or ATS 34 stainless steels, though any of those alloys may be better than VG-1 in individual categories. There have been reports that VG-1 might be more chipping prone than other comparable stainless steels, but these reports have been disputed.

VG-1 is also used in hairdresser's scissors, kitchen knives and blades for food-processing machines.

References

Steels
SZD-38 Jantar 1. The SZD-38 Jantar 1 (Amber) is a glider designed and produced in Poland from 1971.

Development
After SZD's success in designing high-performance all-wood gliders, the design group's first product using fibreglass  emerged as a very competitive glider.

Two prototypes of the SZD-37x Jantar were built (SP-2636 and SP-2637), using fibreglass reinforced plastic fuselage and tail-unit with an aluminium alloy tubular tail boom, SP-2636 was built with a 17.5m span wing and SP-2637 a 19m span wing. The first flight of SP-2636 was carried out on 14 February 1972 and extensive testing carried out before the second prototype, SP-2637 (first flight 13 May 1972), was entered in the 1972 World Gliding Championships at VrŠac in Yugoslavia, taking the first place in the newly established 19m Class and the 3rd in the Open Class, flown by St. Kluk.

Production of the 19m span Jantar commenced as the SZD-38 Jantar 1 in 1973 with 57 built by 1975, 24 for export. The success of the SZD-37x prototypes in the World Championships was not repeated, due partly to shrinkage of the epoxy resin causing irregularities in the wing surfaces, and partly to the improved performance of the competing aircraft. The SZD-38 broke seven Polish National records in 1973, but was soon out-classed in competitions. The standard instrument fit included variometer, turn and bank, compass as well as standard ASI, altimeter etc. Provision was also made for an artificial horizon and oxygen equipment.

Variants
 SZD-37x Jantar – The first two prototype aircraft,  SP-2636 with 17.5m span wings and SP-2637 with 19m span wings. Two built.
 SZD-38 Jantar 1 – Production version of the second SZD-37x prototype with 19m span wings. 57 built.

Specifications

Specifications (SZD-38)

Specifications (SZD-37x)

See also

References

Citations

Bibliography
Simons, Martin. Sailplanes 1965-2000 2nd revised edition. EQIP Werbung und Verlag G.m.b.H.. Königswinter. 2005. 

SZD aircraft
1970s Polish sailplanes
Aircraft first flown in 1972
De Broekmolen, Broeksterwâld. De Broekmolen is a smock mill in Broeksterwâld, Friesland, Netherlands which has been restored to working order. The mill is listed as a Rijksmonument, number 11678.

History

De Broekmolen was built in 1876 by millwrights Wietse Jurjen en Comp. In 1911, Patent sails were fitted. This work was done by millwright Meindert van der Meulen of Dokkum. A new windshaft was fitted in 1915 at a cost of ƒ600. A new pair of sails were fitted in 1923 at a cost of ƒ565. The sails were fitted with Dekker streamlined leading edges in 1937 by millwright Westra of Franeker. A diesel engine was installed as auxiliary power in 1961 and the Archimedes' screw was renewed. The mill ceased working a few years later. The mill was restored in 1975. Common sails were fitted as part of the restoration. The mill was sold to Stichting De Fryske Mole (English: Frisian Mills Foundation) in 1977. New sails were fitted in 2008.

Description

De Broekmolen is a smock mill winded by a winch. There is no stage, the sails reaching almost to the ground. The mill has a single-storey brick base and a three-storey smock. The smock and cap are thatched. The four Common sails  have a span of  and are carried in a cast-iron windshaft. The windshaft also carries the brake wheel which has 44 cogs. This drives the wallower (23 cogs) at the top of the upright shaft. At the bottom of the upright shaft, the crown wheel (34 cogs) drives the steel Archimedes' screw via a gear wheel with 32 cogs. The Archimedes' screw has an axle diameter of  and is  diameter overall. It is inclined at an angle of 23°. Each revolution of the screw lifts  of water.

Public access

De Broekmolen is open to the public by appointment.

References

External links

Windmills in Friesland
Windmills completed in 1876
Smock mills in the Netherlands
Rijksmonuments in Friesland
Dantumadiel
Octagonal buildings in the Netherlands
C14H16N2O2. {{DISPLAYTITLE:C14H16N2O2}}
The molecular formula C14H16N2O2 may refer to: 

 o-Dianisidine, a chemical precursor to dyes
 Etomidate, a short acting intravenous anaesthetic agent 
 Imiloxan, an alpha blocker
 Tetramethylxylene diisocyanate
Louis Gustave Mouchel. Louis Gustave Mouchel (11 January 1852 – 27 May 1908) was the founder of Mouchel, one of the United Kingdom's largest engineering consultancies.

Career
Born and educated in Cherbourg, Mouchel trained as a naval officer and then as an engineer at the Government School of Mines. He then joined the Department of Highways.

In 1875, he moved to Briton Ferry in Wales and formed the Cardiff Washed Coal & Fuel Company. He became the agent for a system of reinforced concrete developed by François Hennebique which he referred to as ferroconcrete.

In 1907 he founded L. G. Mouchel which subsequently became one of the United Kingdom's largest engineering consultancies.

He spent most of his adult life in the United Kingdom but died in Cherbourg in 1908. He never married.

References

1852 births
1908 deaths
French businesspeople
Reinforced concrete
19th-century British businesspeople
C13H16N2O. {{DISPLAYTITLE:C13H16N2O}}
The molecular formula C13H16N2O (molar mass : 216.27 g/mol) may refer to :

 AZD0328
 Cirazoline
 Dianicline
 Efaroxan
 4-HO-NALT
 6-MeO-THH
 Oxantel
 Proxyfan
 Tetrahydroharmine
1,2-Butanediol. 1,2-Butanediol is the organic compound with the formula HOCH(HO)CHCHCH.  It is classified as a vic-diol (glycol).  It is chiral, although typically it is encountered as the racemic mixture.  It is a colorless liquid.

Preparation
This diol was first described by Charles-Adolphe Wurtz in 1859.

It is produced industrially by hydration of 1,2-epoxybutane.

This process requires a ten- to twenty-fold excess of water to suppress the formation of polyethers. Depending on the amount of excess water, the selectivity varies from 70 to 92%. Sulfuric acid or strongly acidic ion exchange resins may be used as catalysts, which allows the reaction to occur under 160 °C and at slightly above atmospheric pressure.

1,2-Butanediol is a byproduct of the production of 1,4-butanediol from butadiene. It is also a byproduct of the catalytic hydrocracking of starches and sugars such as sorbitol to ethylene glycol and propylene glycol.

It can also be obtained from the dihydroxylation of but-1-ene by OsO4.

Applications
It has been patented for the production of polyester resins and plasticizers. It is a potential feedstock for the industrial production of α-ketobutyric acid, a precursor to some amino acids.

Safety
The LD50 (rats, oral) is 16g/kg.

Notes

References

External links

Alkanediols
Vicinal diols
Substances discovered in the 19th century
Butane
Bhubaneswar ITIR. The Bhubaneswar ITIR is one of the planned 40 "Information Technology Investment Regions" in India. It is proposed over an area of about 40.5 km2 (10000 acres) in Bhubaneswar in the region encompassing Infocity-I and Infocity-II. The Detailed Project Report (DPR) is being prepared by IL&FS Infrastructures Ltd in collaboration with the state-owned Industrial Infrastructure Development Corp (IDCO).

Timeline
 ITIR reduced by 6–7 km2 due to the proposed IIT and International Airport.

References

Information Technology Investment Regions
Economy of Bhubaneswar
Handley Page Type F. The Handley Page Type F was a two-seat, single-engined monoplane designed to compete for a War Office prize for a specified military machine in 1912.  It crashed before the trials got under way and, although it flew well later, only one was built.

Design and development
In layout and general appearance the Type F was similar to the earlier Type D and its contemporary, the Type E.  Like them, the wings of the Type F had a strongly curved leading edge and a straight but swept-back trailing edge.  They were wire braced above and below with the upper wires attached to a four-strut pyramidal pylon above the cockpit and below to the undercarriage structure, which was very similar to that of the Type E.  Lateral control was by wing warping; the outer 40% of each wing was relatively flexible and could be twisted by wires running from the cockpit via the pylon to kingposts at 60% span.  The Type F did not have the chord extensions seen on the outer parts of the Type E's wings.

The Type F had a deep rectangular cross-section fuselage, narrowing to the rear, with fairings above and below for streamlining. The 70 hp (52 kW) Gnome rotary engine was completely enclosed in a snub-nosed cowling.  The two crew sat side by side, as the military specification required, in an open cockpit at mid-wing.  The observer, sitting on the left had a downward view through a windowed hatch.  Elsewhere the aircraft was fabric-covered.  The tailplane had a circular leading edge curving though a little more than 180° and carried split elevators with scalloped trailing edges.  There was no fixed fin, only a rudder of irregular six-sided (five of them concave) shape. It had a tailskid formed from a pair of cane hoops.

In August 1912 it was taken, untested, from the factory at Barking (it was the last Handley Page aircraft built there) to the military trials at Larkhill.  It flew there for the first time on 21 August, coping with the windy conditions quite well though showing the side-to-side wallowing that had also been experienced with the Type E before its wing warping lateral control was replaced by ailerons.  The next day the engine failed soon after takeoff and a wing and the undercarriage were seriously damaged in the resulting crosswind landing.  The Type F was withdrawn from the trials and returned to the new factory at Cricklewood for repairs. It was in the air again in early November, flown with enthusiasm with a variety of passengers by Wilfred Parke on most days.  The Type F was lost on 15 December 1912 when engine failure led to the death of Parke and his passenger, Alfred Arkell Hardwick. In the retrospective type redesignation of 1924, the Type F became the H.P.6.

Specifications

References

Notes

External links
Description in Flight magazine, 26 October 1912

Bibliography

1910s British military aircraft
Type F
Aircraft first flown in 1912
Rotary-engined aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aviation accidents and incidents in England
Aviation accidents and incidents in 1912
1912 in the United Kingdom
Jean-Marie Luton. Jean-Marie Luton (4 August 1942 - 16 April 2020) was a French aerospace engineer who was the Director General of the European Space Agency from 1990 to 1997. He also served in French space agency CNES and as the head of the aerospace arm of Aérospatiale. He was the Chairman and CEO of Arianespace from 1997 to 2002. He was a member of the International Academy of Astronautics (IAA) and the Association Aéronautique et Astronautique de France (AAAF). He retired in 2007.

Luton was awarded the title of Officer of the Légion d'honneur and Commander of the Ordre national du Mérite. In 1985, he received the Astronautics Prize by the International Academy of Astronautics.

Sources 
 Jean-Marie Luton
 Jean-Marie Luton, 1942-2020

References

1942 births
2020 deaths
People from Chamalières
French aerospace engineers
European Space Agency personnel
CNES directors
Porter Chemical Company. Porter Chemical Company was an American toy manufacturer that developed and produced chemistry sets aimed as educational toys for aspiring junior scientists. The company's Chemcraft kits were first sold at major retail by Woodward & Lothrop, and appeared soon after at other retailers in the country. The company would later form a relationship with the Lionel Corporation, famed American maker of toy trains. The company also made the Microcraft line of microscope sets. The Chemcraft and Microcraft line competed with similar sets offered by A. C. Gilbert Company as part of a boom in science educational toys spurred by the Space Race between the US and USSR in the late 1950s.

In 1951, the company's top-of-the-line "Chemcraft Master Laboratory" set retailed for $27.50 ($) and contained, among other things, radioactive Uranium ore.

At the peak of its success, Porter Chemical Company was the biggest user of test tubes in the USA. The company produced over a million sets before increasing consumer liability concerns led to its demise in the 1980s.

References

External links
John Tyler, The Chemcraft Story: The Legacy of Harold Porter, St Johann Press, 2003.
"The chemistry set generation", Chemistry World, Dec 2007.
The Story of Atomic Energy with Safe Experiments
"Wow! Now Chemcraft has ATOMIC ENERGY!", Popular Science, Dec. 1947.
Lionel-Porter Chemcraft Chemistry Lab, 1958

Defunct toy manufacturers
Defunct companies based in Maryland
Toy companies of the United States
John Beynon (academic). John David Emrys Beynon (born 11 March 1939) is a British academic who served as the 17th Principal of King's College London.

Biography
He was educated at the University of Wales and at the University of Southampton. From 1964 to 1967 he was a lecturer at the University of Southampton. He was Professor of Electronics at the University of Wales Institute of Science and Technology from 1977 to 1979, and then Head of the Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering at the University of Surrey from 1979 to 1983. He then became Principal of King's College London in 1990, serving until 1992, when he resigned after a breakdown of trust. He is a Fellow of the Institution of Electrical Engineers, the Royal Academy of Engineering, and of King's College London.

He is the secretary of the Bloomsbury Central Baptist Church in London, and after talking with protesters outside a Palestine Solidarity Campaign fund-raising Christmas event hosted by that church, he stated the PSC's presence there was "unreasonable"  for the church to have hosted the group owing to its associations with Hamas.

Notes

1939 births
Alumni of the University of Southampton
Academics of King's College London
Principals of King's College London
Fellows of King's College London
Academics of the University of Southampton
Academics of the University of Surrey
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
Living people
New England Light Pollution Advisory Group. The New England Light Pollution Advisory Group (NELPAG) is a volunteer organization founded in 1993 to educate the public on the benefits of using efficient, glare-free outdoor night lighting. It is an affiliate of the International Dark-Sky Association. It is thought that the NELPAG hosted the first-ever website on light pollution, and it hosted the website of the International Dark Sky Association early on before the IDSA copied it over and developed at more fully, leaving the NELPAG website to continue on its own.  

NELPAG maintains a wide range of resources about outdoor-lighting issues. These include background articles on the terminology and principles of outdoor lighting, details of current and pending state legislation concerning outdoor lighting, a chronicle of relevant news reports from the New England region, lists of towns with outdoor-lighting regulations, and samples of such ordinances.

NELPAG also sponsors occasional meetings throughout the New England region that bring together lighting engineers, astronomers, policy makers, journalists, and the general public for discussion of improvement in outdoor night lighting.  The NELPAG has not been so active since about 2010, but these pages are preserved as having high relevance for people assessing the problems of light pollution and what solutions can be undertaken.  Lightbulbs have undergone much change in the last decade or two, and the importance of shielding lights to reduce glare has not abated at all.

External links
NELPAG's official website

+
Environment of the United States
New England
Astronomy in the United States
Focke-Wulf Fw 62. The Focke-Wulf Fw 62 was a reconnaissance floatplane, designed and built by Focke-Wulf for use by Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine. Only four were built.

Design and development

In 1936 the RLM, the German ministry of aviation, formulated a requirement for a shipboard seaplane for reconnaissance missions, to replace the Heinkel He 114. The aircraft was to be light, with a maximum weight of 2.5 tons and a crew of one or two, and suitable for catapult launching. Equipment and armament were to be kept to a minimum.

Focke-Wulf competed with the Fw 62, a conventional biplane design. The Fw 62 was of mixed construction and powered by a 705 kW (945 hp) BMW 132K radial engine. The engine was tightly cowled and drove a two-bladed propeller. The biplane wings were of equal span and featured two N-type struts on each side. They could be folded for shipboard storage. Each wing had a plain flap and an aileron.

Operational history
First flown on 23 October 1937 the Fw 62 V1 twin floats, while the Fw 62 V2 had a large central float and smaller outboard stabilising floats. Official tests began in Travemünde in the summer of 1937. The Fw 62 was a capable aircraft and well liked by test pilots, but the competing Arado Ar 196 monoplane was both conceptually and structurally more modern, and was chosen for production.

Specifications (Fw 62 V1)

See also

References

External links

 Focke Wulf Fw 62 Reconnaissance at Luftwaffe Of The Reich

Aircraft first flown in 1937
Biplanes
Floatplanes
Fw 062
1940s German military reconnaissance aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Single-engined piston aircraft
Journal of Applied Biomechanics. The Journal of Applied Biomechanics is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal and an official journal of the International Society of Biomechanics. It covers research on musculoskeletal and neuromuscular biomechanics in human movement, sport, and rehabilitation.

Abstracting and indexing 
The journal is abstracted and indexed in Compendex, CINAHL, Science Citation Index Expanded, Current Contents/Clinical Medicine, Index Medicus/MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, and Scopus.

References

External links 
 

Biotechnology journals
Biomechanics
Bimonthly journals
English-language journals
Academic journals established in 1985
Academic journals published by learned and professional societies
Biomedical engineering journals
Mark Carlson (engineer). Mark A. Carlson (born 1955) was a software engineer known in the systems management industry for his work in management standards and technology. Mark was the first employee of a small startup in Boulder, Colorado called Redcape Policy Software. Sun Microsystems acquired the company and its technology in 1998 and subsequently promoted it as Jiro, a common management framework based on Java and Jini.

Carlson was best known for his work on the development of a storage management standard called SMI-S for the SNIA, serving as the chair of the group overseeing the specification for several years. The specification is now an ANSI and ISO standard.

In addition to SMI-S, Mark also led the development of a reference implementation of the XAM standard, a next generation storage interface with support for metadata, query and compliance based data retention of fixed content. Based on this work, he authored the Storage Industry Resource Domain Model, a model for Computer data storage interfaces showing the role of system metadata for future integrated Data Services orchestrated by policy.

Carlson has led various efforts around Policy Based Management, including co-authoring RFC 3198 and chairing of the DMTF and SNIA policy working groups. He was a core contributor on the Apache incubator project called Imperius, which is an implementation of the standard CIM-SPL policy language.

Mark's most recent efforts were to lead the development of a standard cloud storage interface leveraging the preceding storage and data management technologies. As chair of the SNIA Cloud Storage Technical Work Group, he was driving the development of the Cloud Data Management Interface (CDMI) and a reference implementation of the interface.

He served on the SNIA Technical Council. He was also appointed as a DMTF Fellow for the Distributed Management Task Force (DMTF).

Death
Mark passed away unexpectedly May 3, 2023. More information is available on his SNIA Memorial webpage and his family memorial webpage.

References

External links
 SNIA Technical Council
 Cloud Storage Standards

Living people
Computer designers
1955 births
Allargentum. Allargentum is a mineral from the class of antimonides, superclass of sulfides and sulfosalts (sometimes ascribed to the natural elements and alloys class), with formula written as Ag1−xSbx, where x = 0.09–0.16. This moderately rare mineral is found in silver ores and is therefore named from the Greek ἄλλος (allos, "another") and the Latin argentum ("silver"). Its Vickers hardness is 172–203.

References

Sulfide minerals
Sulfosalt minerals
Antimonide minerals
Silver minerals
Alloys
Hexagonal minerals
Minerals in space group 194