omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Aaron Yazzie. Aaron Yazzie (born 1986) is a Diné (Navajo) mechanical engineer at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. His work involves planetary sample acquisition and handling. He has worked on the Mars Science Laboratory, InSight, and Mars 2020 missions.

Early life and education
Yazzie is  (Salt Clan) and born for  (Bitter Water Clan). He was born in 1986 in Tuba City, Arizona, part of the Navajo Nation, and raised in Holbrook, Arizona, where his father was a civil engineer and his mother was a math teacher.

Yazzie had originally planned on attending a public university in Arizona, but he decided to apply to Stanford University after meeting an admissions counselor at a pre-college summer program for Native Americans. While at Stanford, he interned at two NASA research centers: the Goddard Space Flight Center and the Glenn Research Center. He graduated from Stanford in 2008 with a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering.

Jet Propulsion Laboratory career

Yazzie joined the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in 2008. At JPL, he is a mechanical engineer working on planetary sample acquisition and handling. He has worked on the Mars Science Laboratory, InSight, and Mars 2020 missions.

Since joining JPL, Yazzie has been involved in recruiting other Native Americans to work at NASA.

Yazzie has said that the surface of Mars reminds him of the landscape near his Tuba City birthplace.

Personal life
Yazzie's parents were both first generation college students and he credits them with encouraging him to get a college education. He is actively involved in outreach to Native students and attributes success in his career to the work ethic instilled in him by his Navajo upbringing.

Yazzie has had a long involvement with the American Indian Science and Engineering Society (AISES). He was an AISES college scholarship recipient, as well as the president of the Stanford chapter.  Since graduating, he has become an AISES Sequoyah Fellow (lifetime member). Yazzie was featured in the book Notable Native People by Adrienne Keene.

He currently lives in Pasadena, California.

References

External links
 Official website
 Aaron Yazzie on Twitter
 Aaron Yazzie poster from Natives in STEM
 Native Americans of NASA

1986 births
Living people
21st-century American engineers
American aerospace engineers
American mechanical engineers
Engineers from Arizona
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
NASA people
Navajo scientists
21st-century Native American scientists
People from Holbrook, Arizona
People from Tuba City, Arizona
Stanford University School of Engineering alumni
American planetary scientists
Navajo born for the Bitter Water Clan
School of Air Power Studies. The School of Air Power Studies is the premier training institution of the Namibian Air Force. It is located at the Grootfontein Air Force Base. For vocational training the initial phase is carried out at Eros Airport in Windhoek.

History
At the onset of the formation of the Namibian Defence Force Air Wing there was no capacity to train pilots and maintenance technicians. An agreement with the Namibian Aviation Training Academy was forged. The academy was responsible for providing flight training to aspirant pilots and maintenance training to aspirant technicians. President Hifikepunye Pohamba inaugurated the school on 13 February 2015. The school was set up in stages the first phase was the Aircraft Technical Training Centre.

Training
The school is set up in three Wings.

Flight Training Centre
The flight training centre is responsible for training flight personnel for the Air Force.

Leadership and Academic Training Wing
The school of air power studies offers the three month potential Junior Non Commissioned Officers (NCO) Course, Train the Trainer (Instructor) Course as well as Basic  to Advance HR courses.

Technical Training Center
Located at the Grootfontein AFB the centre provides vocational training to technicians. It has electrical / electronic laboratories, aircraft systems simulators to train on training on fixed wing aircraft and helicopters for training. The centre caters for technical training of the Air force's ground personnel. Students from SADC Air Forces have also been accepted to institution'. Its curriculum are run in conjunction with the Namibian Aviation Training Academy. Qualifications offered include certificates and three year diplomas in:
Armament, Ground Support Equipment and Ejection Seat Trade
Aircraft Maintenance, Technician-Electric and Instrument Avionics Trade
Aircraft Maintenance Technician Airframe and Power-Plant trade

Maintenance training is carried out in three phases, phase one(vocational training) is done over 35 weeks in Windhoek, phase two (professional training) is carried out for 60 weeks in Grootfontein and phase three (test trade preparation) is done for 7 weeks at Grootfotein Technical Training Centre.

References

Military education and training in Namibia
Universities and colleges in Namibia
Educational institutions established in 2015
2015 establishments in Namibia
Rhea Mazumdar Singhal. Rhea Mazumdar Singhal (born 1982) is an Indian entrepreneur creating biodegradable disposable products. Her awards include the Nari Shakti Puraskar.

Life
Singhal was born in Mumbai in 1982. She was educated at Bristol, Oxford and Harvard Universities. She spent time in London and Dubai and returned to India in 2009. She had worked in sales for the London office of the Pfizer pharmaceutical company and she was surprised to see so much plastic being disposed of without a thought for recycling. In May 2009 she started a $1m company to create biodegradable products in India.

She retained 20 employees and she went out to market her products but she got a poor reception. Her products would biodegrade in soil in 90 days and this compared with normal plastic where the first straw every human uses is in a landfill somewhere.

Her company creates a large range of disposable items like cutlery and plates. They are made from waste from the cereal industry. One of the important customers she has gained has been Indian Railways.

In 2019 she was given the 'Woman Strength Award' (Nari Shakti Puraskar) for "pioneering the sustainable food packaging industry" in India. She was chosen from over 1,000 who were nominated. The awards were made at the Presidential Palace, the Rashtrapati Bhavan in New Delhi. She was one of over 40 women to receive the Nari Shakti Puraskar which is the highest civilian honour especially for women in India. The award was made by the President of India – Ramnath Kovind.

Awards and honours
 Nari Shakti Puraskar
 World Economic Forum ‘Young Global Leader’ (YGL)
 member of the Confederation of Indian Industry's National Committee on Women Empowerment & Clean Air.

References

21st-century Indian businesswomen
21st-century Indian businesspeople
1980 births
Living people
Businesspeople from Mumbai
Ferhan Çeçen. Ferhan Çeçen (born June 15, 1961) is a Turkish environmental engineer and chemist, researching wastewater treatment, environmental biotechnology, and adsorption processes. She is a professor at the Boğaziçi University Institute of Environmental Sciences.

Early life and education 
Ferhan Çeçen was born on June 15, 1961, in Istanbul, Turkey. She graduated from the Deutsche Schule Istanbul in 1980 and speaks fluent English and German in addition to her native Turkish. Çeçen completed a B.S. in chemical engineering at Boğaziçi University in 1984.

In 1986, she completed a M.S. in environmental engineering at the Istanbul Technical University (ITU). Her Master's thesis was titled Metal Complexation and its Implications on related Technologies. Her graduate advisor was .

Çeçen earned a Ph.D. in environmental engineering at ITU in 1990. Her dissertation was titled Nitrogen Removal from High-strength Wastewaters by Upflow Submerged Nitrification and Denitrification Filters. Her doctoral advisor was .

Career and research 
In November 1990, Çeçen joined the faculty at the Boğaziçi University Institute of Environmental Sciences as an instructor. She was promoted to assistant professor in March 1993, associate professor in October 1993, and full professor in June 1999.

Çeçen researches water and wastewater treatment, environmental biotechnology, adsorption processes, and the impacts of hazardous substances on biological treatment.

Selected works

References

External links 

 

Living people
1961 births
Engineers from Istanbul
Deutsche Schule Istanbul alumni
Boğaziçi University alumni
Academic staff of Boğaziçi University
Istanbul Technical University alumni
Turkish women chemists
Turkish chemists
Turkish engineering academics
Turkish environmental engineers
Environmental chemistry
20th-century women engineers
21st-century women engineers
Mahyat Shafapour Tehrany. Mahyat Shafapour Tehrany (born July 29, 1985), is an Iranian geomatic engineer specializing in GIS, natural hazards and data analysis.

Life 
Mahyat Shafapour Tehrany was born on July 29, 1985, in Tehran, Iran. In 2008, she completed a B.S. in environmental engineering, majoring in natural resources engineering and the environment at the Allameh Mohaddes Nouri University. In 2013, she earned a M.S. in remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) at the Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). She earned a Ph.D. in GIS and geomatic engineering at UPM in 2015.

She was a postdoctoral fellow at UPM from October 2015 to February 2016 where she researched natural hazards using multispectral imagery. From April 2016 to March 2017, Tehrany was a research assistant at the University of New England where she worked on GIS data analysis and spatial data. She was a postdoctoral fellow studied natural hazards in Australia at the RMIT School of Science from March 2017 to February 2019. From March 2019 to June 2019, she conducted postdoctoral research at the Kandilli Observatory at the Boğaziçi University.

Selected works

References

External links 

 

Living people
1985 births
Scientists from Tehran
Iranian engineers
Iranian women engineers
21st-century women engineers
Geomatics
University of Putra Malaysia alumni
You Look Like a Thing and I Love You. You Look Like a Thing and I Love You: How Artificial Intelligence Works and Why It's Making the World a Weirder Place is a 2019 nonfiction book by optics research scientist Janelle Shane. The book documents experiences the author and others have had with machine learning programs, and discusses what "intelligence" means in the context of "artificial intelligence" (AI).

Overview 
The main title of the book refers to a phrase generated as a pickup line by a neural net that Shane trained on pickup lines gathered from the Internet.

Shane discusses the dangers of "artificial stupidity" (not phrased as such), describing for example a 2016 crash at a city street intersection, which Shane attributes in part to Tesla Autopilot being trained for highway use and therefore failing to properly perceive a blocking flatbed truck from a side view. Shane provides "Five Principles of AI Weirdness", including "AIs don't understand the problems you want them to solve" and "AIs take the path of least resistance to their programmed goal". Shane gives many examples of AI "shortcuts", including the (possibly apocryphal) legend of an AI that appeared to reliably recognize tanks from photos, by noticing whether the photos were taken on a sunny or a cloudy day. Another of Shane's examples is a hypothetical scenario where a simulated AI evolved to keep people from entering a hazardous hallway during a fire emergency, learns the optimal strategy is to just kill everyone so they cannot enter the hallway. Because AI lacks general intelligence, Shane is skeptical of efforts to power self-driving cars or to detect online hate speech using artificial intelligence. Shane also pushes back against concerns artificial intelligence will replace people's jobs.

Reception 
A reviewer in the Christian Science Monitor found the book "eye-opening" and "fun", as well as "comforting" in terms of Shane's arguments against jobs being at risk from AI. A review in ZDNet called the book "approachable" and "insightful". A capsule review in The Philadelphia Inquirer called Shane a "great guide", and a capsule review in Publishers Weekly called the book an "accessible primer" with "charming" and "often-hilarious" content. A reviewer in E&T judged the book "stands out for Shane's madcap sense of humour and affection for the subject". In The Verge, a December 2019 list of "the 11 best new sci-fi books" included Shane's book, stating "Science fact, rather than science fiction, (the book is) incredibly informative". A similar list in Ars Technica praised that "anybody, not just the engineer-minded or the tech-savvy, can understand the often abstract concepts she details." The book also made Scientific American's list of "Recommended Books" for November 2019.

See also
 Commonsense reasoning

References

External links
 Book excerpt in Slate
 Podcast from Science Friday
 Author page on book
 Author presentation at Google
 More of author's bot-generated pickup lines via Smithsonian Magazine

2019 non-fiction books
English non-fiction books
English-language non-fiction books
Non-fiction books about artificial intelligence
NS Terrace Bay. NS Terrace Bay (HPB20) is a harbour patrol boat of the Namibian Navy. Constructed and launched in Brazil, it was commissioned into the Namibian Navy in 2010. Its design was based on the Brazilian Navy's Marlim class. The vessel is used for patrolling Namibia's harbours.

Description
Based on the Brazilian Navy's Marlim design, the ship has a full load displacement of  and measures  long with a beam of  and a draught of . The vessel is powered by two MTU 8V 2000 M92 diesel engines rated at  driving two shafts. This gives the vessel a maximum speed of  and a range of  at .

The vessel is can be armed with one  Oerlikon 20 mm cannon. The patrol boat has a complement of 8 including two officers.

Operational history
The boat is utilised by the Namibian Navy for Naval Policing around harbours, Coastal search and rescue, anti smuggling operations  and illegal fishing patrols.

References

Ships built in Brazil
Ships of the Namibian Navy
Carl Paul. Carlton Hutton Paul Jr. (August 17, 1917 – February 26, 1983) was an American sailor and mechanical engineer. He competed in the mixed 6 metres at the 1936 Summer Olympics. He was the stepson of William Bartholomae Jr., a fellow competitor.

References

1917 births
1983 deaths
Sportspeople from Omaha, Nebraska
Olympic sailors for the United States
Sailors at the 1936 Summer Olympics – 6 Metre
American mechanical engineers
American male sailors (sport)
20th-century American sportsmen
Betül Kırdar. Betül Kırdar is a Turkish molecular and systems biologist researching design strategies of microorganisms, metabolic engineering, and biological networks. She is a professor in the department of chemical engineering at Boğaziçi University.

Education 
Betül Kırdar completed a B.S. (1970) and MS (1972) in chemical engineering at Istanbul University. From 1972 to 1973, she was a research fellow at the ÇNAEM. Kırdar earned a Ph.D. in biochemistry at the University of Paris-VII, French National Centre for Scientific Research (Centre Genetique Moleculaire) in 1977.

Career and research 
In 1978, she joined the faculty at Boğaziçi University as an assistant professor in the department of biology. She became associate professor in 1982 and full professor in 1988. She served as vice-dean of the faculty of engineering from 2001 to 2003.

Kırdar uses a systems biology approach to investigate design strategies of microorganisms, metabolic engineering, and biological networks.

References

External links 
 

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
Istanbul University alumni
Academic staff of Boğaziçi University
Turkish molecular biologists
Systems biologists
Women molecular biologists
20th-century women scientists
21st-century women scientists
21st-century Turkish women scientists
21st-century Turkish scientists
Paris Diderot University alumni
Chicago and North Western J class. The Chicago and North Western Railway class J was a class of 310 American 2-8-2 locomotives. They were built between 1913 and 1923 by the American Locomotive Company. In addition, the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway (the Omaha Road) acquired 32, and also classified them as class J.

Design
The locomotives had boiler pressed to  feeding steam to two cylinders that had a  bore and a  stroke. These were connected to  driving wheels. The locomotives weighed .

The first 224 locomotives, built 1913 to 1919 had Baker valve gear, the last 118, built 1921 to 1923 had Young valve gear.

Construction 
The locomotives were built by the American Locomotive Company at their Schenectady, Richmond, and Dunkirk, plants.

Service 
They were used system-wide on freight trains, and became the principle freight-hauling locomotive on the railway.

The last seven locomotives built were equipped for oil firing from new; at least 18 more were retro-fitted in the 1930s and 1940s. These locomotives were used in Nebraska and Wyoming.

When new, the locomotives were hand-fired; in the mid to late 1930s many were rebuilt: driver diameter was increased by , boiler pressure was increased to  to compensate, and a BK stoker was fitted. These locomotives were reclassified as J-A. With the onset of World War II, rebuildings ceased, but the fitting of stokers continued;  these stoker-fitted locomotives were re-classed as J-S.

Also during the war, several locomotives were leased to the Seaboard Air Line Railroad.

In 1944 the Chicago and North Western Railway traded two of its class J locomotives for the Omaha Road's two J-1 2-10-2 locomotives.

Retirements started in 1942, and continued until the end of steam in 1956.

No locomotives of this class have been preserved.

Gallery

References 

J
2-8-2 locomotives
ALCO locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1913
Steam locomotives of the United States
Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
Scrapped locomotives
Freight locomotives
Denis Machuel. Denis Machuel (born 19 April 1964) is a French business executive. He is currently the CEO of The Adecco Group, a Human Resources services company.

Early life
Born in 1964 in Reims, Machuel receives an undergraduate degree and a graduate degree from the École nationale_supérieure d'informatique et de mathématiques appliquées de Grenoble College of Engineering in Grenoble, France. He also holds a master's degree from Texas A&M University.

Career
Machuel began his career at Schneider Electric in Egypt, before becoming a consultant at Dassault Electronique.

In 1991, he joined Altran as a consultant. He spent 16 years with the company, becoming the CEO of Altran Technologies UK Royaume-Uni, before leading the company's global offshoring activity.

He joined Sodexo in 2007 and became CEO of the company's Benefits & Rewards Services entity and member of the company's executive committee in 2014. In 2017, he was appointed deputy CEO and chief digital officer.

He became CEO of the Sodexo group, replacing Michel Landel, in January 2018.

In May 2022, the Adecco Group announced that it has recruited Machuel as a CEO of the group. On 1 July 2022, he replaced Alain Dehaze.

References

French chief executives
Business people from Reims
1964 births
Living people
Grenoble Institute of Technology alumni
Texas A&M University alumni
Ant garden. An ant garden is a mutualistic interaction between certain species of arboreal ants and various epiphytic plants. It is a structure made in the tree canopy by the ants that is filled with debris and other organic matter in which epiphytes grow. The ants benefit from this arrangement by having a stable framework on which to build their nest while the plants benefit by obtaining nutrients from the soil and from the moisture retained there.

Description
Epiphytes are common in tropical rain forest and in cloud forest. An epiphyte normally derives its moisture and nutrients from the air, rain, mist and dew. Nitrogenous matter is in short supply and the epiphytes benefit significantly from the nutrients in the ant garden. The ant garden is made from "carton", a mixture of vegetable fibres, leaf debris, refuse, glandular secretions and ant faeces. The ants use this material to build their nests among the branches of the trees, to shelter the hemipteran insects that they tend in order to feed on their honeydew, and to make the pockets of material in which the epiphytes grow.

The ants harvest seeds from the epiphytic plants and deposit them in the carton material. The plants have evolved various traits to encourage ants to disperse their seeds by producing chemical attractants. Eleven unrelated epiphytes that grow in ant gardens have been found to contain methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen) and it seems likely that this compound is an ant attractant.

Examples
Species of ant that make gardens include Crematogaster carinata, Camponotus femoratus and Solenopsis parabioticus, all of which are parabiotic species which routinely share their nests with unrelated species of ant. Epiphytic plants that they grow include various members of the Araceae, Bromeliaceae, Cactaceae, Gesneriaceae, Moraceae, Piperaceae and Solanaceae. Epiphytic plants in the genus Codonanthopsis, including those formerly placed in Codonanthe, grow almost exclusively in ant gardens, often associated with ants of the genus Azteca. The ant Camponotus irritabilis not only plants the seeds of Hoya elliptica in planned locations on its carton nest but also prunes the roots to accommodate its nest chambers and fertilises the areas where it wants extra plant growth to occur.

References

Garden
Horticulture
Mutualism (biology)
Myrmecology
Insect behavior
Harriett B. Rigas. Harriett B. Rigas (30 April 1934 – 26 July 1989) was a Canadian electrical engineer and innovative lecturer who was recognised worldwide for her hybrid computer and computer simulation research.

Early life and education
Rigas was born on 30 April 1934 in Winnipeg, Manitoba. She graduated from Queens University in 1956 with a bachelor's degree. She completed her master's in electrical engineering in 1959, the same year she got married. Rigas completed her doctorate in 1963 also from Kansas University as the first woman to do so.

Career 
She worked in academia, as chair of the Washington State University Department of Electrical and Computing Engineering between 1966 and 1984 where she developed the computer engineering curriculum, she became a professor in 1976.

Rigas was instrumental in creating the concept of automatic software patches. She then went on to become the chair of the Michigan State University Department of Electrical Engineering. Rigas also spent time on the National Academy of Sciences committee for scientific programs in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. Rigas was also professor at the Naval Postgraduate School in Monterey, California.

Rigas was named an Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Fellow in 1984 for contributions to programming of analog/hybrid computers and to the development of computer engineering curricula. In 1988 Rigas was on the IEEE Board of Directors. She was the IEEE Division V Director.

Rigas was known for her advocacy of women in engineering. She was locally and nationally involved with the Society of Women Engineers, winning the SWE Achievement Award in 1982.

She died in Michigan in 1989.

Award & Scholarship
Washington state set up the Harriet B. Rigas Memorial Scholarship Fund which is awarded to Computer Engineering students. Michigan State has named the graduate program the Harriett B. Rigas Graduate Engineering Program. The IEEE has an award was founded in her name, the Harriett B. Rigas Award to recognize the outstanding engineering faculty women who have made a significant contribution to undergraduate education.

References

1934 births
1989 deaths
People from Winnipeg
Canadian women engineers
Electrical engineering academics
Computer engineers
Members of the Society of Women Engineers
20th-century Canadian women engineers