omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Alain Berthoz. Alain Berthoz (born 18 February 1939 in Neuilly-sur-Seine) is a French engineer and neurophysiologist.

He graduated from the elite engineering École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Nancy (N60), (or Nancy School of Mines), and has been a member of the French Academy of Sciences since 2003, and the Academy of Technology since 2010. He is an honorary professor at the Collège de France.

Biography 
As a neurophysiologist, Berthoz is one of the leading specialists in integrative physiology. His research has focused on multisensory control of gaze, balance, locomotion and spatial memory.

Diplomas and career paths 

    Civil Engineer of the Mines of Nancy (1963)
    Doctor of Natural Sciences (1973) (Paris)
    Director of the Neurosensory Physiology Laboratory of the CNRS.
    Professor at the Collège de France (1993-2009)

Bibliography (not exhaustive) 

    Notice A. Berthoz[archive] on the BnF website
    Le Sens du mouvement, Éd. Odile Jacob, 1997
    The Decision, Ed. Odile Jacob, 2003
    L'Empathie, Éditions Odile Jacob, 2004, (), under the direction of Alain Berthoz and Gérard Jorland
    Phénoménologie et physiologie de l'action, Alain Berthoz, Jean-Luc Petit, Odile Jacob, 2006
    La simplexité, Éd. Odile Jacob, 2009
    La Vicariance, le cerveau créateur de monde, Éd. Odile Jacob, 2013
    Complexity-Simplexity, Alain Berthoz (dir.) and Jean-Luc Petit (dir.), Collège de France (Conférences), 2014, DOI:10.4000/books.cdf.3339 - "volume "companion" of La simplexité

Contributions

    Preface to Ombre à n dimensions by Stéphane Sangral, Éd. Galilée, 2014
    Regards sur le sport, collective, directed by Benjamin Pichery and François L'Yvonnet, Le Pommier/INSEP 2010, 256 p. ()

Honours and awards

Distinctions 

    Elected member of the International Academy of Astronautics (1994)
    Elected member of the Academia Europaea (1994)
    Correspondent member of the French Academy of sciences (Paris, 1999) and member in 2003

Awards and medals 

    Silver medal of the National Centre for Space Studies (1985)
    La Caze Prize of the French Academy of sciences (Paris, 1987)
    General Prize of the Academy of Medicine (Paris, 1991)
    Daw Award for Neuroscience (USA, 1996)
    International Prize for Neurology of the University of Pavia (1998)
    Grand Prix du CEA of the French Academy of sciences (Paris, 1998)

References

1939 births
Scientists from Neuilly-sur-Seine
French neuroscientists
Neurophysiologists
Collège de France
Members of the French Academy of Sciences
Living people
Microsoft SEAL. Simple Encrypted Arithmetic Library or SEAL is a free and open-source cross platform software library developed by Microsoft Research that implements various forms of homomorphic encryption.

History 
Development originally came out of the Cryptonets paper, demonstrating that artificial intelligence algorithms could be run on homomorphically encrypted data.

It is open-source (under the MIT License) and written in standard C++ without external dependencies and so it can be compiled cross platform. An official .NET wrapper written in C# is available and makes it easier for .NET applications to interact with SEAL.

Features

Algorithms 
Microsoft SEAL supports both asymmetric and symmetric (added in version 3.4) encryption algorithms.

Scheme types 
Microsoft SEAL comes with two different homomorphic encryption schemes with very different properties:

 BFV: The BFV scheme allows modular arithmetic to be performed on encrypted integers. For applications where exact values are necessary, the BFV scheme is the only choice.
 CKKS: The CKKS scheme allows additions and multiplications on encrypted real or complex numbers, but yields only approximate results. In applications such as summing up encrypted real numbers, evaluating machine learning models on encrypted data, or computing distances of encrypted locations CKKS is going to be by far the best choice.

Compression 
Data compression can be achieved by building SEAL with Zlib support. By default, data is compressed using the DEFLATE algorithm which achieves significant memory footprint savings when serializing objects such as encryption parameters, ciphertexts, plaintexts, and all available keys: Public, Secret, Relin (relinearization), and Galois. Compression can always be disabled.

Availability 
There are several known ports of SEAL to other languages in active development:

C++ 
 Microsoft SEAL (Microsoft's source)

C#/F# 
 NuGet (Microsoft's official package)

Python 
 PySEAL
 SEAL-Python
 tf-seal
 Pyfhel

JavaScript 
 node-seal
 sealjs

TypeScript 
node-seal

References

External links 

Homomorphic encryption
Cryptographic software
Free and open-source software
SEAL
Microsoft Research
Free software programmed in C++
Software using the MIT license
2018 software
Vicki Sauter. Vicki Lynn Sauter (born 1955) is an American management scientist and systems engineer known for her books on decision support systems. She is a professor in the Information Systems and Technology Department at the University of Missouri–St. Louis.

Education and career
Sauter grew up near Chicago; her father was murdered in an attempted robbery when she was a teenager, an event she cites as influential in her commitment to service.

She has a Ph.D. in systems engineering from Northwestern University, and serves on the advisory board for industrial engineering and management sciences at Northwestern. She joined the University of Missouri–St. Louis faculty in 1980. When she earned tenure there, she became the first woman in the College of Business Administration to do so.

Sauter is an avid collector of crafts, and in 2016 became president of the Craft Alliance Center of Art + Design in St. Louis. She also runs a museum at the University of Missouri–St. Louis honoring Grace Hopper.

Books
Sauter's books include:
Decision Support Systems: An Applied Managerial Approach (Wiley, 1997)
Decision Support Systems For Business Intelligence (Wiley, 2010)

She is also the author of two self-published books, Street Lights of the World (2012) and You're Never Too Old To Surf: A Seniors' Guide to Safe Internet Use (2015).

Recognition
Sauter is the 2003 winner of the George E. Kimball Medal of the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) for her service to the institute and particularly for her work in the merger of the two organizations ORSA and TIMS that together formed INFORMS. She became a Fellow of INFORMS in 2005. In 2012 she won the INFORMS WORMS Award for the Advancement of Women in OR/MS.

In 2013 the four-campus University of Missouri system gave Sauter the UM President's Award for University Citizenship.

References

External links
Home page

Living people
Management scientists
American women engineers
Women systems engineers
Northwestern University alumni
University of Missouri–St. Louis faculty
Fellows of the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences
1955 births
21st-century American women
Choreutoscope. The choreutoscope is the first pre-cinema device which employed a system similar to early film projectors. It was the first projection device to use an intermittent movement, which became the basis of many cine cameras and projectors. It was formed by a sheet of glass on which different drawings were made, and the sheet was mounted on a type of Maltese cross mechanism, which made the image move suddenly. The most common drawing was the 'dancing skeleton' in which six sequential images of a skeleton were animated in the viewing pane.

History 
In 1869, O.B. Brown received a U.S. patent for an optical instrument that used a Maltese cross mechanism for the intermittent projection of sequential images from a rotating disc.

In 1870, "The Popular Educator" featured an article about a very similar instrument (with an "intermittent motion-piece") that was produced by Greenwich engineer John Beale. It was called "The Dancing Skeleton" and projected a skeleton in various positions. An earlier article described Beale's related "Automated Picture" or "automatic face apparatus". This had a bust of a young lady painted on a screen, with a hole in place of the face filled in with a mechanically randomised succession of 16 different facial expressions painted on a rotating disc. A rotating "interceptor" (shutter disc) with 8 apertures in front of a lantern produced a stroboscopic effect that made the apparent movement of eyes, mouth and tongue look natural. Early British film historian Will Day claimed that Beale's choreutoscope had already been invented in 1866.

William C. Hughes created his own choreutoscope in 1884.

References

External links 
Dancing skeleton (animated) from the Alexis du Pont stereoviews and lantern slides collection at Hagley Museum and Library

1866 introductions
1860s in film
Precursors of film
Projectors
Yangite. Yangite (PbMnSi3O8·H2O) is a chain-silicate mineral, first discovered within the Kombat mine in Namibia. The mineral is named after Hexiong Yang, a researcher at the University of Arizona's Department of Geosciences. Yangite was approved as a valid mineral species by the International Mineralogical Association in 2012.

Occurrence
Yangite was initially found within a specimen taken from the Kombat mine, located in the Otavi Valley, Namibia. The specimen was obtained from John Innes, a senior mineralogist of the Tsumeb Corporation. Yangite occurs in an ore defined as an epithermal association. This ore type forms with narrow veins composed of galena, rhodochrosite, helvite, and barite.

Physical Properties
Yangite is colorless, ranging to pale brown when exposed to transmitted light. The mineral has a vitreous luster and streaks white. Yangite maintains a Mohs hardness of five, and demonstrates perfect cleavage along {101}. There is no evidence of twinning or parting within the available specimens. Yangite is sectile, commonly found with bladed or platy habit. The mineral is biaxial, elongated up to 12 mm in length along the [010] axis. Yangite is insoluble in several fluids, including water, acetone, and hydrochloric acid.

Chemical composition
Yangite has a consistent chemical composition, determined using a CAMECA SX100 electron microprobe. Additionally, the presence of H2O was confirmed using structural determination and Raman spectroscopic measurements.

Elemental Weight Percent:

X-ray crystallography
Yangite was analyzed by both powder and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Data was collected using the Bruker X8 APEX2 CCD diffractometer. The diffraction data was influenced by severe peak overlap, leading to uncertainty in the resulting index.

Powder Diffraction Data:

Crystal structure
The chain silicate structure is formed by double wollastonite chains. These tetrahedral formations run parallel with the [010] axis and connect with Mn-polyhedra and Pb-polyhedra at the corners. The chains are also defined by four-membered and six-membered alternating tetrahedral rings. Yangite has three Si tetrahedral sites, defined as Si1, Si2, and Si3. Respectively, the average bond lengths are 1.622 Å, 1.622 Å, and 1.624 Å. Yangite is composed of an octahedrally coordinated Mn2+ cation. Within the crystal structure, Pb2+ has a coordination number of five, bonded with O molecules.

See also
List of minerals

References

Lead minerals
Manganese minerals
Inosilicates
Triclinic minerals
1
Minerals in space group 2
OpenFHE. OpenFHE is an open-source cross platform software library that provides implementations of fully homomorphic encryption schemes. OpenFHE is a successor of PALISADE and incorporates selected design features of HElib, HEAAN, and FHEW libraries.

History

PALISADE 
Development began with the OpenFHE precursor PALISADE (software).
PALISADE adopted the open modular design principles of the predecessor SIPHER software library from the DARPA PROCEED program.
SIPHER development began in 2010, with a focus on modular open design principles to support rapid application deployment over multiple FHE schemes and hardware accelerator back-ends, including on mobile, FPGA and CPU-based computing systems.
PALISADE began building from earlier SIPHER designs in 2014, with an open-source release in 2017 and substantial improvements every subsequent 6 months. Much of the development was done at Raytheon BBN and NJIT.

PALISADE development was funded originally by the DARPA PROCEED and SafeWare programs, with subsequent improvements funded by additional DARPA programs, IARPA, the NSA, NIH, ONR, the United States Navy, the Sloan Foundation and commercial entities such as Duality Technologies.  PALISADE has subsequently been used in commercial offerings, such as by Duality Technologies who raised funding in a Seed round and a later Series A round led by Intel Capital.

OpenFHE 
PALISADE authors along with selected authors of HElib, HEAAN, and FHEW libraries released a new library in July 2022.
The initial release of the library included all features of PALISADE v1.11 and added several new design features, such as Hardware Acceleration Layer for multiple hardware acceleration backends and new bootstrapping procedures. 
OpenFHE is used as an FHE backend for the Google Transpiler project.

Features 
OpenFHE includes the following features:

 Post-quantum public-key encryption
 Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE)
 Brakerski/Fan-Vercauteren (BFV) scheme for integer arithmetic with approximate bootstrapping and RNS optimizations
 Brakerski-Gentry-Vaikuntanathan (BGV) scheme for integer arithmetic with RNS optimizations
 Cheon-Kim-Kim-Song (CKKS) scheme for real-number arithmetic with RNS optimizations
 Ducas-Micciancio (FHEW) scheme for Boolean circuit evaluation with optimizations
 Chillotti-Gama-Georgieva-Izabachene (TFHE) scheme for Boolean circuit evaluation with extensions
 Multiparty extensions of FHE
 Threshold FHE for BGV, BFV, and CKKS schemes
 Proxy re-encryption for BGV, BFV, and CKKS schemes

References

External links 
 Official Website

Homomorphic encryption
Cryptographic software
Free and open-source software
Software using the BSD license
Jocelyne Machevo. Jocelyne Machevo is a Mozambican energy executive who became most known for her work in the first ever liquefied natural gas project for the country of Mozambique, the Coral South FLNG Project. She is the first female Mozambican to hold an executive position at Eni Ronuma Basin. She has a degree in civil engineering from the Higher Institute of Transport and Communications in Mozambique and a Master ́s degree in Economy and Management of Energy and Environment from Eni Corporate University in Milan, Italy. She is also a Young African Leader Initiative (YALI) fellow, she attended the first cohort of Power Africa - Young Women in African Power Leadership Training in 2018.

Background 
She started her career in 2013 as a Civil Engineer at Eni, an international energy company, where she held several roles in the Projects department and acquired skills in project management, business development, Gas and LNG supply contracts, stakeholder’s management, local content development and community development initiatives.
She is the first woman and the first Mozambican to hold an executive position at Eni Rovuma Basin, Eni subsidiary in Mozambique. At the end of 2020, she joined Total Exploration & Production Mozambique, as Interface Lead in the biggest LNG project in Mozambique at the time, the Mozambique LNG. She is currently working as an O&G and Energy consultant in the areas of business development, investment strategy, stakeholders’ engagement, local content development, energy transition and diversity, equity and inclusion.

Awards 
In 2017, she won the “Outstanding Mozambican Woman of the Year” award at the CWC Mozambique Gas Summit.

In 2019, she won the Power Play Rising Star Award, given to a young female under 35 who made a significant impact on the LNG industry.

In 2021, she received an Excellence Award at the Second Edition of the Angola Oil & Gas Technology Conference (AOTC) in Luanda, Angola. The award is presented to a woman who always go above and beyond to make a positive impact in the industry and serving as an inspiration and role model to both men and women. The award recognizes the work Jocelyne has been doing in the Oil & Gas Industry.

References 

Living people
Mozambican women engineers
Mozambican engineers
Date of birth missing (living people)
21st-century women engineers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Trans-Himalayan Multi-dimensional Connectivity Network. The Trans-Himalayan Multi-dimensional Connectivity Network (abbreviated as THMCN and sometimes referred to as the Trans-Himalayan network) is an economic corridor between Nepal and China and part of China's Belt and Road Initiative, a global development initiative that develops connectivity especially across Eurasia. During a state visit to Nepal in 2019, the corridor was hailed by Chinese President and General Secretary of the Communist Party Xi Jinping as changing Nepal "from a landlocked to a land-linked country."

Infrastructure
The corridor consists of several transportation infrastructure projects. The flagship infrastructure project is the China–Nepal railway, which currently at the stage of feasibility study. A number of highway projects are to be implemented including the construction of a tunnel road and upgrading of the Araniko Highway, which was shut down after the Gorkha earthquake. The Araniko Highway ends at the border of the village of Kodari and the Chinese border crossing of Zhangmu. The border port is set for restoration under the initiative.

The projects also consist of internal improvements to Nepalese transport infrastructure including serving three north–south corridors of the country (Koshi Economic Corridor, Gandaki Economic Corridor and Karnali Economic Corridor). The intended projects include the Kathmandu-Pokhara-Lumbini extension of the China-Nepal railways and various highway projects in the Himalayan Valley.

References

Belt and Road Initiative
International Journal of Geomechanics. The International Journal of Geomechanics is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Society of Civil Engineers that focuses on geomechanics, emphasizing theoretical aspects, to include computational and analytical methods, and related validations.

Abstracting and indexing
The journal is indexed in Ei Compendex, ProQuest databases, Civil Engineering Database, Inspec, Science Citation Index Expanded, and EBSCO databases.

References

External links

American Society of Civil Engineers academic journals
Mining journals
Geotechnical engineering
Engineering geology journals
Rebecca Lingwood. Rebecca Julie Lingwood  (born August 1970) is the Provost and Professor of Fluid Dynamics at Brunel University London. She holds an affiliate position at KTH Royal Institute of Technology. Lingwood was elected a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering in 2019.

Early life and education 
Lingwood studied engineering at the University of Cambridge and graduated in 1992. She was a member of Sidney Sussex College. She remained there for a doctoral degree (completed in 1995) in fluid dynamics before starting a Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin Fellowship. From 2004, Lingwood was a research engineer and aerospace manager at the Begbroke Science Park.

Research and career 
Lingwood joined the University of Oxford as Director of Continuing Professional Development. She spent six years at Oxford before moving to the University of Cambridge as Director of the Institute of Continuing Education in 2009. She was made a Fellow at Homerton College, Cambridge. Whilst at Cambridge she worked with the Cambridge University Health Partners to create a University Technical College. In 2015, Lingwood was made a Professor of Fluid Dynamics and Vice Principal for Education at Queen Mary University of London. In this capacity Lingwood was responsible for supporting the achievement of all students as well as developing staff excellence. Her research considers the transition from laminar to turbulent flow in complex fluids.

In 2018 Lingwood joined Brunel University London as Provost and Professor of Fluid Dynamics. She holds an affiliated chair at the KTH Royal Institute of Technology. Here she investigates the boundary layers that are induced by rotating surfaces. These include Kármán’s rotating-disk flow. She delivered the 2019 Royal Aeronautical Society Lanchester Lecture. She was the first woman to deliver this lecture.

Academic service 
Lingwood was made a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering in 2019. She holds an honorary fellowship with Kellogg College, Oxford. Lingwood is a trustee of the Daphne Jackson Trust. In 2019 she announced that Brunel University London would join the Cabinet Office Open Innovation Partnership. She is working with the University of Bath to review the effectiveness of the university senate.

Selected publications 
Her publications include;

 
 
 

Lingwood serves on the editorial board of Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society.

References 

Living people
Academics of Brunel University London
Academics of Queen Mary University of London
Alumni of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge
Fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
Female fellows of the Royal Academy of Engineering
Fellows of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers
Fellows of the Royal Aeronautical Society
Academics of the Institute of Continuing Education
1970 births