omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Gay-class patrol boat. The Gay class were a class of twelve fast patrol boats that served with the Royal Navy from the early 1950s. All were named after types of soldiers or military or related figures, prefixed with 'Gay'. The class could be fitted as either motor gun boats or motor torpedo boats, depending on the type of armament they carried.

Design
They were developments of the MTB 538/539 class that had served during the Second World War, and were intended to be an interim measure until the diesel-powered s could be introduced. The vessels were to be powered by three V12 Packard 4M-2500 engines, each providing  and a speed of . The Gays were the last petrol powered warships to be built for the Royal Navy. Those fitted as Motor Torpedo Boats received two  guns and two  torpedoes, while those classified as Motor Gun Boats received a single  gun and a 40 mm gun.

Construction
The class was ordered between February and May 1951 from a number of shipyards across Britain, many of whom had built similar ships for the navy during the Second World War. Four were built by Vosper & Company, two by Thornycroft, two by Morgan Giles, of Teignmouth, two by Taylor, of Chertsey and two by McGruer & Co Ltd, of Clynder. They were launched between 1952 and 1954, with the last of the class, , being launched in March 1954.

Careers
Most of the vessels served for a decade before being retired and sold off, though the longest-lived, , was only sold off in 1971, after nearly 20 years in service.  She had been a High Speed Target Towing vessel at HMNB Devonport since 1959, until being put into reserve in 1964. HMS Gay Charger was commanded by Nigel Lawson during his National Service.   appeared as 1087 in The Ship That Died of Shame, a film based on a book by Nicholas Monsarrat and starring Richard Attenborough.  became a target vessel and was sunk off Portland in 1968, while  was damaged while being delivered to the Navy, and then damaged when a vessel she was moored next to exploded. She then struck a submerged boom and nearly sank off Southsea Pier. She was sold out of the navy in 1963, but survived to be restored as the only remaining member of her class.

Ships

During the Second World War the Royal Navy also sailed HMS Gay Viking and HMS Gay Corsair, a pair of motor gun boats. These were superficially similar to the later Gay-class, although their primary armament was a mixture of QF 6-pounder Hotchkiss, Oerlikon 20 mm cannon, and depth charges. Both had left service by the top of the Gay-class' introduction.

Notes

References

 

 
Patrol boat classes
Ship classes of the Royal Navy
Jord International. Jord International is an Australian owned company that designs, manufactures, commissions, and services custom-engineered process equipment, modular skids, and turnkey plants for the oil & gas, chemical, power, food, industrial and mining sectors.

History

Creation
In 1972, a group of Australian engineers, specializing in solid-liquid separation, air coolers, and furnaces, created Jord Engineers Pty Ltd. The group devised a proposal to design and build vessels for major energy companies working in Australia. Later in the 1970s, Jord developed its business within Australia, working on drum filters (1973), turnkey plants (1974), and air coolers (1976). In 1980, Jord received an order to design and build the world’s largest filter station.

Expansion
During the 1980s, Jord proceeded to establish partnerships with customers and suppliers. Jord started to work outside of Australia, with overseas projects in New Zealand, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia and New Guinea, between 1986 and 1988. In 1988, an office was opened in Singapore to reinforce Jord’s position in South East Asia. In the 1990s, Jord continued to expand throughout Asia, opening offices in China, Vietnam, and Korea. The company also secured its first contracts in the Middle East, with Oman in 1993 and Saudi Arabia in 1995.  In 1994, Jord’s offices in Australia and Singapore were ISO 9001-certified by Bureau Veritas, As of 2012, Jord's offices have maintained their accreditation. Offices in China and India were opened in 2004 and 2006, respectively. Jord Malaysia was established in 2006  to manufacture air cooled heat exchangers for the Jord Group. During the same period, Jord developed its activities in South America (Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia), Europe (The Netherlands, United Kingdom (UK), France, Germany), the Middle East (UAE, Iran, Pakistan, Qatar). A new office was opened in Dubai in 2006 to service the Middle East markets. In 2010, a new office was established in India. Jord has several offices in Australia aside from the Sydney headquarters, namely in Newcastle and Perth. In 2012, Jord launched Jord Oil and Gas Systems B.V. a 50/50 JV based in Rotterdam to service larger scale oil & gas compression and EPC style projects. Jord opened offices in New Jersey, USA in 2017. Asia has been a region in which Jord has thrived with operations based in Qingdao (China), Singapore, Dubai and India.

The Jord Environment Trust
In 2007, Jord started a philanthropic foundation. The Jord Environment Trust, otherwise known as “JET” was created with a charter to donate funds to causes that foster a biologically diverse and sustainable planet. A percentage of group profit is contributed to the fund each year. Over $2m has been raised to date.

Notes 

Engineering companies of Australia
Manufacturing companies based in Sydney
ISDN-oriented Modular Interface. ISDN-oriented Modular Interface (IOM) is a system architecture and its bus for communication between various VLSI ICs for the lower layers (ref. OSI model) of ISDN. It was developed by Siemens (today: Infineon), current revision is IOM-2. Its purpose is to enable modularity. Second sources are AMD, Alcatel, Plessey.

IOM-2 is a 4-wire serial, full-duplex link. 2 operation modes are available: line card mode and terminal mode; which differ only in number and purpose of the channels. Signals are:
 DCL (data clock, 16 kHz * N, where N = number of channels)
 FSC (frame sync, 8 kHz)
 DU (data upstream)
 DD (data downstream)

References
 
 
  (in German, p. 278ff give an overview and some application examples)

Integrated Services Digital Network
Whirlwind mill. A whirlwind mill is a beater mill for pulverising and micro-pulverising in process engineering.

Construction
Whirlwind mills essentially consist of a mill base, a mill cover and a rotor. The inner side of the cover is equipped with wear protection elements. The top of the rotor is equipped with precrushing tools, and its side is covered with numerous U-shaped grinding tools.

Function
The grinding stock is fed to the mill via an inlet box and is pre-crushed by the tools on top of the rotor. The precrushing tools also carry the product into the milling zone at the side of the rotor. There the grinding stock is fluidised in the air stream between rotor and stator caused by rotation and the U-shaped grinding tools. The special design of these tools creates massive air whirls in the grinding zone (this is where the name of the mill comes from). These air whirls cause the main grinding effect. The particles collide with each other in these whirlwinds. The final particle size can be adjusted by changing the clearance between rotor and stator, air flow and rotor speed.

Applications
Whirlwind mills are basically used for pulverisation and micro-pulverisation of soft to medium hard products. In addition they can be used for cryogenic grinding, combined grinding/drying, combined drying/blending and defibration of organic substances (such as paper, cellulose, etc.).
Whirlwind Mills can be found in different industries, such as chemical, plastic, building material, and food industry.

Sources and external links
  Whirlwind mills: pictures and explanations

References

Industrial equipment
Powder deaerator. Powder Deaerators (also powder compactor or powder densifier) are working apparatuses for deaerating and compacting of dry, fine-grained powders. The machine removes excess air and open spaces in the powder, leaving it a more solid, compact, material.

Construction 
Powder Deaerators consist of two parallel drums – a filter drum and a pressure drum – which rotate in opposite directions. The drums are driven via drive motor and spur gear. The filter drum is coated with a porous sinter metal layer. It is connected to a vacuum line via a hollow shaft creating a negative pressure within the filter drum. An adjusting device serves for the setting of the gap width between the rollers. On the adjusting device there are spring assemblies to generate the necessary pressure.

Function 
The material is aspirated (sucked in) and held on the filter drum by a vacuum, where it is drawn in the space between the filter and pressure drums. The combination of vacuum and pressure causes a deaerating and densification of the product. At the end of the densification process, the densified product is stripped off the filter drum by knives so it can leave the machine.

Applications 
Deaerators can be used for the deaerating and densification of all powders and other fine-piece bulk materials. The aim of the application is to raise the bulk density and/or improve the handling properties of a product. Deaerators are also used for the dosing and precompaction in granulation processes. Typical products which can be handled are silicic acid, carbon black, pigments, aluminium oxide, magnesium oxide, etc. The product temperatures can reach up to 100 °C.

Benefits 
Deaerators achieve savings in package, transport and storage capacity by significantly reducing the powder volume. Explosive products can also be compacted as well.

External links 
  Images and Explanations

References 

Industrial equipment
Chemical equipment
Michael L. W. Thewalt. Michael L. W. Thewalt (born 5 December 1949 in Karlsruhe, Germany) is a Canadian physicist. He received his BSc from McMaster University in 1972. His MSc and PhD were from the University of British Columbia in the mid-1970s. He teaches at Simon Fraser University and is known for researching semiconductors, especially isotopically enriched silicon.

Awards 
1994 Rutherford Memorial Medal
2004 Brockhouse Medal
2013 SFU Dean's Award for Excellence in Graduate Supervision

References 

Canadian physicists
McMaster University alumni
Academic staff of Simon Fraser University
Living people
1949 births
Presidents of the Canadian Association of Physicists
Fellows of the American Physical Society
Hatanagi-I Dam. The  is a dam on the Ōi River in Aoi-ku, Shizuoka, Shizuoka Prefecture on the island of Honshū, Japan. With a height of , it is the tallest hollow-core concrete gravity dam in the world. It has a hydroelectric power generating station owned by the Chubu Electric Power Company. It supports a  pumped-storage hydroelectric power station.

History 
The potential of the Ōi River valley for hydroelectric power development was realized by the Meiji government at the start of the 20th century. The Ōi River was characterized by a high volume of flow and a fast current. Its mountainous upper reaches and tributaries were areas of steep valleys and abundant rainfall, and were sparsely populated. Design work began in 1902 by the  and the first dam on the Ōi River (the Tashiro Dam) was completed in 1927. Further work was suspended by the Great Depression of the 1930s, and World War II in the 1940s. However, by the early 1950s, Japan's need for electrical energy was growing exponentially. The Ōigawa Railway Ikawa Line was expanded to facilitate dam construction, and the newly created Chubu Electric Power Company received a loan from the United Nations Bank for Reconstruction and Development on September 10, 1958 to fund the project. Construction was completed by December 1961, and the system came into operation in early 1962.

Design 
The Hatanagi Project was designed as a pumped-storage hydroelectricity facility, with the discharge from Hatanagi No.1 Dam discharging through a  penstock into a lake created by the smaller Hatanagi No.2 Dam downstream. The reversible turbine generators at the Hatanagi No.1 power plant were designed to function as either electrical power generators, or as pumps, to reverse the flow of water back to the reservoir in times of low demand. The generators have a capacity of , and a maximum flow rate of 137 m3/s.

The lake created by the dam  serves as an important source of tap water, industrial water and irrigation water in Shizuoka Prefecture.

Surroundings 
The Hatanagi-I is located in the Minami Alps National Park, an area of high mountains, forests, and a popular vacation area. Public access to the dam and its lake are by Shizuoka Prefectural Road 60, with bus connections to Ikawa Station or directly with Shizuoka Station or Shin-Shizuoka Station.

See also 

 Hatanagi-II Hydroelectric Dam
 List of power stations in Japan

Notes

References 
 Japan Commission on Large Dams. Dams in Japan:Past, Present and Future. CRC Press (2009).

External links 
 Chubu Electric home page
 United Nations Treaty Organization

Dams completed in 1961
Energy infrastructure completed in 1961
Gravity dams
Dams in Shizuoka Prefecture
Pumped-storage hydroelectric power stations in Japan
Lavochkin La-160. The Lavochkin La-160, known as  Strelka (Arrow), was the first Soviet swept-winged jet fighter research prototype. It was designed and manufactured by the Lavochkin Design Bureau from 1946. USAF reporting name - Type 6

Design and development
Aircraft 160 was an all-metal pod and boom style aircraft with tri-cycle undercarriage like the Lavochkin La-152 but its mid-set wings incorporated 35° sweep at 1/4 chord. The afterburning engine was underslung in the nose with the air intake at the extreme nose, and exhaust under the rear fuselage. The tricycle undercarriage was housed entirely within the fuselage, (almost all Lavochkin jet aircraft had a similar undercarriage arrangement) when retracted allowing the wing to be built thinner and lighter. A conventional tail layout with 35o swept tailplane was located at the end of the tail boom. The swept wings were of very low taper (almost constant chord) with 1/2 span flaps/ailerons and two wing fences each side.

Although designed as a fighter, Aircraft 160 was intended for research into high-speed swept-wing flight, of which little was known in the mid-1940s - only the 1945-era light, piston-engined MiG-8 canard had used even a moderate degree of wing sweep before this. Following closely the layout of his previous jet-fighter prototypes Lavochkin was able to produce an aircraft capable of providing useful data and experience of high-speed flight near the speed of sound.

The first flight was on 24 June 1947. Successful flight trials were quickly followed by public display at the 1947 Aviation Day airshow at Tushino. Trials continued until Aircraft 160 broke up in flight, due to wing flutter, during tests to establish the maximum attainable speed. The experience gained with Aircraft 160 spurred on Soviet aircraft designers to design swept winged fighters, albeit cautiously.

The title 'Aircraft 160' was used previously by Lavochkin for a 'Heavy' twin engined fighter to be produced concurrently with Aircraft 150. This project was still-born, but led to the Alekseyev twin-engined I-21 series of fighters, after Alekseyev left Lavochkin's design bureau to head OKB-21 at Gor'kiy.

Specifications (Aircraft 160)

See also

References

Gunston, Bill. The Osprey Encyclopedia of Russian Aircraft 1875–1995. London:Osprey, 1995. .
Gordon,Yefim. Early Soviet Jet Fighters. Midland Publishing. Hinkley. 2002. 
Gordon,Yefim. Lavochkin's Last Jets. Midland Publishing. Hinkley. 2007. 

La-160
1940s Soviet experimental aircraft
Single-engined jet aircraft
Mid-wing aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1947
Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear
Cape Canaveral Launch Complex 18. Launch Complex 18 (LC-18) is a launch complex at the Cape Canaveral Space Force Station, Florida that was active during the late 1950s and early 1960s. It was used by Viking, Vanguard, Thor and Scout rockets. The complex consists of two launch pads, LC-18A, which was originally built by the US Navy for the Vanguard rocket, and LC-18B, which was originally by the US Air Force used for tests of the PGM-17 Thor missile. 

The first launch from LC-18 was a Viking rocket from LC-18A on 8 December 1956, on a test flight for Project Vanguard. A further Viking launch was conducted in May 1957, and the Vanguard made its maiden flight from the complex in September. Following this, the United States first satellite launch attempt was made from LC-18A, using Vanguard TV3, on 6 December 1957. The launch failed after the rocket lost thrust and exploded on the launch pad. All twelve Vanguard launches were conducted from LC-18A, with the complex being transferred to NASA after it took over responsibility for Vanguard following its formation in 1958. After the Vanguard's retirement in 1959, LC-18A was transferred to the US Air Force for use by Scout rockets.

LC-18B was used for 17 tests of Thor missiles between 4 June 1958 and 29 February 1960. Following this, it was also converted for use by Scout rockets.

Sixteen Scouts were launched from LC-18; ten from LC-18A and six from LC-18B. Fifteen of the launches were suborbital sounding flights, and one was an orbital launch with the Mercury-Scout 1 satellite for NASA. This failed to reach orbit and was destroyed by range safety 43 seconds after launch. The launches from LC-18A used the Blue Scout Junior configuration, and were conducted between 21 September 1960 and 9 June 1965. The launches from LC-18B consisted of three Blue Scout I rockets and three Blue Scout IIs, launched between 7 January 1961 and 12 April 1967.

References
 

Cape Canaveral Space Force Station
Common Manageability Programming Interface. The Common Manageability Programming Interface (CMPI, also called Common Management Programming Interface) is an open standard that defines a programming interface between a WBEM server and WBEM providers.

Overview
The CMPI standard is defined by the CMPI Working Group of The Open Group and is implementation neutral.

The CMPI programming interface is defined for the C programming language. Its C header files are enabled for C++. In addition, there are C++ utility macros that allow accessing the interface in a way that is more typical to C++.

Each release of the cmpi specification is accompanied by a set of C-language header files that represent the implementation of the interface.  Normally these files are incorporated into each of the WBEM servers that provide this interface.  However, the header files are also available independently for each release.

As of CMPI 2.1, these header files are available on GitHub in the CMPI GitHub Project. Also as of CMPI 2.1 the CMIP interface documentation is also available as a GitHub website at CMPI API documentation on GitHub.

Benefits
Before the introduction of CMPI, each WBEM server implementation had its own specific programming interface for CIM providers (e.g. WMI COM API, OpenPegasus C++ API, OpenWBEM C++ API, etc.). CMPI allows CIM providers to be developed that are mostly or completely agnostic to the type of WBEM server they are being used with. Therefore, CMPI providers can be deployed across a variety of operating environments with no or minimal adaptation work. This protects the investment in these CIM providers.

Standards development
The original input to the CMPI standard was submitted by IBM to The Open Group in 2003. Along with the submission, an implementation was conducted as part of the SBLIM project.

In late 2004, CMPI V1.0 was released by The Open Group as a Technical Standard. A major update (V2.0 was released in late 2006). A backward compatible but significant extension of the specification was released in February 2016.

The current version of CMPI is V2.1 (released February 2016).

List of products or projects supporting CMPI

Note: The following list is likely incomplete. Please help to complete the list.

WBEM servers
 OpenPegasus
 Small Footprint CIM Broker (SFCB)
 WS J WBEM Server
 OpenWBEM
 ESXi CIM broker

WBEM providers
 SBLIM CMPI providers for Linux
 XenSource CMPI providers for Xen
 CMPI providers for libvirt/KVM
 CIM support on IBM z/OS 1.10
 CIM support on IBM AIX 6.1

Tools
 Extensible CIM UML Tooling Environment (ECUTE)
 CIMPLE Provider Development Environment (SimpleWBEM)
 Konkret CMPI 
 OpenDRIM C++ Template

See also
 CIM

References

External links
 CMPI Working Group at TOG

Computer standards
Open Group standards
Open standards
Verville-Sperry R-3. 

The Verville-Sperry R-3  was a cantilever wing racing monoplane with a streamlined fuselage and the second aircraft with fully retractable landing gear, the first being the Dayton-Wright RB-1. In 1961, the R-3 racer was identified as one of the "Twelve Most Significant Aircraft of all Time" by Popular Mechanics magazine. In 1924, an R-3 won the Pulitzer Trophy in Dayton, OH.

Design and development
The R-3 was designed by Alfred Verville.  Its first production was in 1922. The R-3 was developed by the McCook Field Engineering Division and manufactured by the Lawrence Sperry Aircraft Company of Farmingdale, New York. Three aircraft were purchased.  The airplanes used cylindrical, finned Lamblin radiators and a  Wright H-3 engine. The R-3s bore Air Service serial numbers 22-326 to 22-328.

Operational history

At the 1922 Pulitzer Trophy race, all three R-3's started in the race, but only two finished. Lieutenant Eugene Barksdale finished fifth at around . Lieutenant Fonda B. Johnson finished seventh, his engine freezing after landing. And Lieutenant St. Clair Streett broke an oil line and had a forced landing, damaging his airplane.

For the 1923 Pulitzer, a Curtiss D-12 engine was installed in the plane which eliminated some vibration problems that the H-3 engine had.  With the new engine the top speed now was approaching .  That year a Curtiss biplane was the winner. With Orville Wright officially observing from the ground, Lieutenant Alexander Pearson, Jr. flying an R-3 set a 500 km World Speed Record of  over a 10-lap course on March 31, 1923 at Wilbur Wright Field.

For the 1924 Pulitzer, the R-3, piloted by Lieutenant Harry H. Mills, won the race at a slow . The ranked entry–a Curtiss biplane–crashed along the course.

After this race, the R-3 racers were sent to the McCook Field Museum.

Operators

United States Army Air Corps

See also

 History of the United States Army Air Service

References

1920s United States military utility aircraft
Racing aircraft
Verville aircraft
Sperry aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1922