omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Vladimir Nakoryakov. Vladimir Yeliferyevich Nakoryakov (; 26 July 1935 – 1 April 2018) was a Soviet and Russian scientist in the fields of thermal physics and fluid dynamics. An academician of Russian Academy of Sciences, he joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1972, and was awarded the USSR State Prize in 1983.

Vladimir Nakoryakov was born in 1935 in Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky (now Zabaykalsky Krai). His father was executed in 1937. Nakoryakov graduated from Tomsk Polytechnic University. In 1982–1985 he was a chancellor of Novosibirsk State University. In 1985–1990 he was a vice-president of general committee of Siberian Division of Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union.

In 1986–1997 he was a president of Thermal physics Institution of Siberian Division of Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union. He became PhD in 1971 with his thesis "Heat-mass exchange in acoustic field". Nakoryakov worked as a head of chairs in Novosibirsk State University and Novosibirsk State Technical University. He set down the fundamental basis for the theory of absorptive heat pump, elaborated a sequence of directions of ecologically clean power engineering and electricity-saving techniques. Also, he had been an expert in Nobel Committee for Physics and Chemistry for four years.

Awards and honors 
 Order of the Badge of Honour (1970)
 Order of the Red Banner of Labour (1982)
 USSR State Prize (1983)
 Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 4th class (1999)
 Order of Friendship (2007)
 Global Energy Prize (2007)
 Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 3rd class (2016)

References

1935 births
2018 deaths
20th-century Russian physicists
People from Zabaykalsky Krai
Academic staff of Novosibirsk State Technical University
Full Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Full Members of the USSR Academy of Sciences
Tomsk Polytechnic University alumni
Communist Party of the Soviet Union members
Recipients of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 3rd class
Recipients of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland", 4th class
Recipients of the Order of the Badge of Honour
Recipients of the Order of the Red Banner of Labour
Recipients of the USSR State Prize
Soviet physicists
Burials at Yuzhnoye Cemetery (Novosibirsk)
Love Songs for Robots. Love Songs for Robots is the fifth studio album released by Canadian group Patrick Watson.  It was released on May 12, 2015.

The album was a long-listed nominee for the 2015 Polaris Music Prize.

Track listing
 "Love Songs for Robots"
 "Good Morning Mr. Wolf"
 "Bollywood"
 "Hearts"
 "Grace"
 "In Circles"
 "Turn Into the Noise"
 "Alone in This World"
 "Know That You Know"
 "Places You Will Go"

References

2015 albums
Patrick Watson (musician) albums
German submarine U-997. German submarine U-997 was a Type VIIC/41 U-boat built for Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine for service during World War II.
She was laid down on 7 December 1942 by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg as yard number 197, launched on 18 August 1943 and commissioned on 23 September 1943 under Oberleutnant zur See Hans Lehmann.

Design
Like all Type VIIC/41 U-boats, U-977 had a displacement of  when at the surface and  while submerged. She had a total length of , a pressure hull length of , a beam of , and a draught of . The submarine was powered by two Germaniawerft F46 supercharged six-cylinder four-stroke diesel engines producing a total of  and two BBC GG UB 720/8 double-acting electric motors producing a total of  for use while submerged. The boat was capable of operating at a depth of .

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of  and a submerged speed of . When submerged, the boat could operate for  at ; when surfaced, she could travel  at . U-997 was fitted with three anti-aircraft guns, five  torpedo tubes (four on the bow and one on the stern) and fourteen torpedoes. Its complement was between forty-four and sixty.

Sensors

Passive sonar
U-997 was one of only ten Type VIIC's to be fitted with a Balkongerät (literally 'Balcony apparatus or equipment'). The Balkongerät was used on U-boats (, , , , , , ,  and ). The Balkongerät was standard on the Type XXI and the Type XXIII. Nonetheless, it was also fitted to several Type IXs and one Type X. The Balkongerät was an improved version of Gruppenhorchgerät (GHG) (group listening device). The GHG had 24 hydrophones, the Balkongerät had 48 hydrophones and improved electronics, which enabled more accurate readings to be taken.

Service history
The boat's service career began on 23 September 1943 with the 5th Training Flotilla, followed by 12 months active service, with a succession of three flotillas, namely 9th Flotilla on 1 May 1944, then 13th Flotilla on 1 June 1944, and finally with 14th Flotilla on 1 March 1945.

Wolfpacks
U-997 took part in seven wolfpacks, namely:
 Grimm (31 May – 6 June 1944)
 Trutz (17 August – 1 September 1944)
 Grimm (13 September – 1 October 1944)
 Regenschirm (14 – 16 October 1944)
 Panther (16 October – 8 November 1944)
 Stier (21 November – 25 December 1944)
 Hagen (15 – 21 March 1945)

Fate
U-997 was surrendered on 9 May 1945 and was sunk by aircraft on 13 December 1945 in the North Atlantic, in position , as part of Operation Deadlight.

Summary of raiding history

See also
 Battle of the Atlantic

References

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

German Type VIIC/41 submarines
U-boats commissioned in 1944
U-boats sunk in 1945
World War II submarines of Germany
1944 ships
World War II shipwrecks in the North Sea
U-boats sunk by aircraft
Ships built in Hamburg
Operation Deadlight
Maritime incidents in December 1945
Submarines sunk by aircraft as targets
Paul Magès. Paul Ernest Mary Magès (1908–1999) is known for his invention of the first self-leveling automobile suspension, known as hydro-pneumatic suspension. This system replaced conventional steel springs with an adaptive system of hydraulic struts, resulting in a motoring experience that felt like no other automobile of the era.

This suspension achieved its initial design brief: fast travel on poor road surfaces. This advantage is still noted today, especially in applications where ride quality is important, like ambulance design.

His formal schooling was modest. He earned his National diploma (Brevet d'Etudes du Premier Cycle), a preparatory course for the Académie des Arts et Métiers in Marseille. At age 17, he sent his résumé to Citroën, one of the major automobile manufacturers in France, where he was hired to maintain equipment. In 1936 he became a technical draftsman, and in January 1942, CEO Pierre-Jules Boulanger assigned him to the development department to solve problems with braking and suspension systems (including for the Citroën 2CV).

Magès studied published material on automobile suspension. He was puzzled by the conventional wisdom that a supple suspension system was incompatible with good handling. He had been assigned the task of producing a car with both qualities. He realized that the solution must be located in a variable suspension, one that is very flexible at low speed, and stiff at high speed and load.

This questioning led to the eventual development of a hydro-pneumatic suspension system, which combined an easily compressible gas in an enclosed chamber with the non-compressible, force-multiplication properties of hydraulic machinery. In such a system increasing loads produce higher gas pressures, so the suspension becomes more rigid. Magès ultimately concluded that hydraulic fluid under pressure, delivered by an engine driven accessory –- a hydraulic pump – was the best way to achieve the desired result.

Magès may never have been able to solve this problem if he had better technical training. Marcel Pagnol, the French playwright, famously said "Everyone thought it was impossible, except an idiot who did not know and who created it." Magès kept a copy of this statement on his desk.

Magès also developed DIRAVI speed sensitive power steering, first used on the 1970 Citroën SM.

Many current vehicles use air suspension, to gain some of the advantages of hydro-pneumatic suspension, with slightly less perceived complexity, and use new developments in electronics to achieve speed sensitive power steering.

The 1955 Citroën DS, developed around Magès' engineering innovations, placed third in the 1999 Car of the Century competition, behind the Ford Model T and the BMC/BL Mini.

References

1908 births
1999 deaths
Automotive technologies
French inventors
Carbon (company). Carbon, Inc.  is a digital manufacturing company that manufactures and develops 3D printers utilizing the Continuous Liquid Interface Production process. The company was founded in 2013, and maintains its headquarters in California, United States.

History 
The company was founded in 2013 by Dr. Alex Ermoshkin based on ideas he originally developed with his son, Nikita Ermoshkin, to develop their own at-home 3D printer and further refined with input from Dr. Joseph DeSimone. In March 2015, Joseph gave a TED talk that previewed a 3D printer prototype using Continuous Liquid Interface Production (CLIP). Carbon engaged in four fundraising ventures between 2014 and 2017 from investors such as Sequoia Capital, Google Venture, GE, Fidelity Management & Research, Adidas, BMW, and Johnson & Johnson.

Staff 
Craig Carlson left Tesla to lead Carbon's engineering team in 2014. In March 2016, Silicon Valley–based entrepreneur Josh Green joined as general counsel. In November 2018, Elisa de Martel was named chief financial officer. In December 2018, Dara Treseder joined as the company’s first chief marketing officer. In November 2019, Ellen Kullman was appointed President and CEO. Kullman served on Carbon's board prior to becoming President and CEO. Carbon’s board of directors includes former Ford CEO Alan Mulally, and Sequoia Capital partner Jim Goetz.

Awards 
The company has won awards such as:

 WEF Tech Pioneers
 MIT Technology Review's 50 Smartest Companies of 2017
 The Fast Company Innovation by Design Award

Partnerships 
The company has made partnerships with companies such as:

 Ford in 2015
 Johnson & Johnson in 2016
 Adidas in 2017
 Vitamix in 2018
 Riddell
 Lamborghini in 2019

Products 
Carbon offers several varieties of hardware and software that use digital light synthesis, a technique developed by the company. 3D printer models are differentiated by the size of the build area. They are connected to the cloud to allow for predictive maintenance, remote monitoring, and over-the-air software updates. The company has made three series of printers – the M1, M2, and M3 printer. There is also the large scale printer designed for high-volume production called the L1 printer.  The company has also made a part washer named the Smart Part Washer, which also records product information in addition to washing and serializing parts.

Materials 
Carbon offers several materials, all of which are sold as a liquid resin.

See also
 Additive manufacturing
 List of 3D printer manufacturers

References

External links 
 

3D printer companies
Manufacturing companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area
Technology companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area
Companies based in Redwood City, California
American companies established in 2013
Computer companies established in 2013
Manufacturing companies established in 2013
2013 establishments in California
Privately held companies based in California
Tony Irwin. Tony Irwin is a nuclear engineer and technical director of Australian company, SMR Nuclear Technology. For three decades he worked commissioning and operating nuclear reactors in the UK for British Energy (formerly the Central Electricity Generating Board). He emigrated to Australia in 1999 and took a position with the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), where he remained for ten years. Irwin chairs the Nuclear Engineering Panel of Engineers Australia and lectures at the Australian National University and University of Sydney on nuclear science. Irwin has a degree in electrical power engineering.

Nuclear power advocacy 
Irwin is an advocate for nuclear power in Australia and has recommended the deployment of small modular reactors, provided that legislation can be changed to allow for it. In 2014 he told the media:"Small modular reactors with their natural safety based on passive safety systems using gravity, natural circulation and pressurised tanks, represent a game-changer that is particularly suitable for Australian conditions."

He has argued in Mining Australia that climate change should lead Australia to reconsider nuclear power as an alternative to burning fossil fuels to generate electricity.

He has featured in media reports on nuclear technology and provided commentary to the Australian Science Media Centre in response to the Fukushima nuclear disaster. He has given public presentations and lectures on SMRs and nuclear power, including some at which opposing viewpoints were presented by anti-nuclear advocates such as Ian Lowe.

In 2011 Irwin contributed a chapter on small modular reactors to Australia's nuclear options, a policy perspective document for the Committee for Economic Development of Australia.

Memberships 
Irwin is a member of the Institution of Engineers Australia and of the UK Institution of Engineering and Technology, a fellow of the Australian Institute of Energy, and chairman of the Nuclear Engineering Panel of the Sydney division of Engineers Australia. He is a member of ARPANSA's Nuclear Safety Committee.

References 

Living people
Nuclear engineers
Australian engineers
Year of birth missing (living people)
James Pickering Dovel. James Pickering Dovel (26 December 1868 – 30 July 1948) was an author and inventor who researched and improved blast furnace operations. In 1940 he received the Modern Pioneer Award from the National Association of Manufacturers in honor of his "distinguished achievement in the field of science and invention."

Born in 1868 in Pickerington, Ohio, he spent his early years running a farm for his invalid father. He invented a mechanical corn harvester at the age of seventeen, after realizing the need for labor-saving machinery on the farm. While the device was never patented, it was adopted by several manufacturers of farm equipment.

The depression of the 1890s drove Dovel, his wife and children to the city, where he was hired at Columbus Steam and Boiler Company. Within days, he was promoted to foreman, launching a long career in industrial invention.

In 1905 Dovel moved to Birmingham to become superintendent of the Birmingham Engineering Company. While there, he supervised construction of a blast furnace for Woodward Iron Company. Four years later, he joined the Sloss Furnace Company as superintendent of construction.

For the next twenty-one years, Dovel developed gas cleaning equipment, modified the design of the furnaces, and improved the linings of the furnaces. In all, some seventeen patents are credited to Dovel. Sloss's No. 2 Furnace, rebuilt in 1927, included many of these inventions, earning Dovel and Sloss a national reputation for innovation. Arthritis confined Dovel to bed in 1933. During World War II, Dovel worked by telephone from his hospital bed, advising blast furnace operators around the country in the use of his many patented innovations. At the time of his death, more than fifty furnaces were using his inventions.

References

1868 births
1948 deaths
20th-century American inventors
People from Pickerington, Ohio
Linear Integrated Systems. Linear Integrated Systems, Inc. (LIS) is an American full-service designer and manufacturer of small-signal, discrete semiconductors. It produces over 2,000 different discrete semiconductors, including dual- and single-junction field effect transistors (JFETs), bipolar transistors, BiFETs, lateral DMOS analog switch and switch arrays, and picoamp dual and single diodes.

History 
LIS was founded in 1987 by Silicon Valley pioneer John H. Hall after his departure from Micro Power Systems.

At LIS, Hall continued his research into refractory metal semiconductors and also designed custom integrated circuits (ICs) while developing a line of standard products. Featured among the standard products were improved versions of semiconductors Hall had invented during his years at Union Carbide, Intersil and Micro Power Systems.

By the 2000s, LIS had moved away from custom IC work to focus on small-signal, discrete components for use in the test/measurement, medical, high-end audio and sensor applications.  In 2006, LIS announced the release of the LSK389 ultra-low-noise dual JFET.

LIS announced in 2013 the LSK489, a dual JFET that combines low capacitance with low noise similar to the LSK389.

Following Hall's death in late 2014, Timothy S. McCune was named president and a member of the board of directors of the company.

They also produce the 3N170, which was previously produced by Intersil and Motorola.

References 

Semiconductor companies of the United States
Technology companies based in the San Francisco Bay Area
Computer companies established in 1987
1987 establishments in California
North East Frontier Technical University. North East Frontier Technical University (NEFTU) was established under 2F of UGC Act 1956 through The North East Frontier Technical University Act, 2014, by the Government of Arunachal Pradesh Legislative, vide notification number LAW/LEGN-9/2014, in the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh, in 2014.

The university is located in Aalo, West Siang district, Arunachal Pradesh, India.

The university offers undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral programs in various fields such as engineering, management, computer applications, education, and humanities. Some of the popular courses offered at NEFTU include B.Tech., MBA, MCA, B.Ed., and Ph.D.

The university also has collaborations with several reputed international universities for student exchange programs and research collaborations.

References

External links
 NEFTU Official Website

Universities in Arunachal Pradesh
West Siang district
Educational institutions established in 2014
2014 establishments in Arunachal Pradesh
FLEXPART. The FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model (FLEXPART) is a Lagrangian Particle Dispersion Model used to simulate air parcel trajectories. It can be run in either forward or backward mode.  The forward mode is typically used to determine the downwind concentration or mixing ratio of pollutants. The backward mode can be used to estimate footprint areas, to determine the origin of observed emissions.

History 
FLEXPART has inherited large portions of its code from its predecessor, FLEXTRA (FLEXible TRAjectory model). The first version of FLEXPART was released in 1998 and was considered free software. Since the release of version 8.2 in 2010, the code is distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL) Version 3. Due to a growing user base the main developers decided to provide an online platform for developers and modellers, which was launched together with the release of version 9.0 in June 2012.

In addition to main FLEXPART code, several branches have been developed for use with mesoscale meteorological models. In particular, FLEXPART-WRF was created to work with the open source WRF model. The first version of FLEXPART-WRF was presented in 2006 by Jerome D. Fast and Richard C. Easter. The model was later renamed the "PNNL Integrated Lagrangian Transport" (PILT) model since the code base started to deviate extensively from the main FLEXPART branch. In 2007, a new technical report was presented where the model was once again referred to as FLEXPART-WRF.  At this time, there were still a number of important features missing in FLEXPART-WRF (which were available in FLEXPART). A number of research groups started developing FLEXPART-WRF on their own, in 2011, there were three separate projects on GitHub, each with a partial goal to implement a scheme for wet deposition.

In 2013, a major update of FLEXPART-WRF was released with support from the FLEXPART developers, the release included a working wet deposition scheme as well as new run-time options for wind fields and turbulence. The code was also parallelized with compile-time options for OpenMP and MPI added to the previous default serial mode. Furthermore, an option to use the NetCDF standard format for output was added.

References

External links
 

1998 software
Lagrangian mechanics
Scientific simulation software
Research Institute for Groundwater. The Research Institute for Groundwater (RIGW) is one of the most important organizations in Egypt specialized in development & Water Management of groundwater policy. The policy indicates the water allocation in space and time from water resources to users. Assessment of groundwater potential for the various users is made by RIGW, based on available information which is updated periodically according to the availability of the information.

RIGW has the principal responsibility within the National Water Research Center to formulate and conduct applied research programs responsive to the national requirements to support integrated development and management of groundwater resources in Egypt. To accomplish this mission RIGW activities is encompass:
Exploratory research and appraisals describing the occurrences and characteristics of groundwater resources. 
Systematic data collection and analyses to monitor the state quantity, quality and use of groundwater resources.
Basic and problem-oriented research to assess the potential of groundwater system and its response to natural and man-made stress. 
Studies that aid in providing solutions and alleviating problems related to groundwater system.
Scientific and technical assistance in groundwater related fields to other state and private agencies.

To fulfill this mission, RIGW has to participate in the initiation of management and legislation system for the protection of groundwater from degradation and the control of the environmental impacts that may accompany groundwater development. 

The role of RIGW at present is focused on its effective contribution to the planning and implementation of the national water policy and the development of Egypt's water resources. 

Direct beneficiaries are the MWRI and its departments. Other clients include: 
National institutions
Donor agencies
Agriculture societies 
Water Companies
Individual investors.

Organization
To fulfill the institute mission, the organization structure has been modified to reflect the activities and facilitate the execution of research and other programs.

Water management authorities
Water supply and sanitation in Egypt