omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Malcolm R. Currie. Malcolm Roderick Currie (March 13, 1927 – April 18, 2021) was an American engineer and former executive.

Currie was born in Spokane, Washington, the son of Erwin Caster Currie and Genevieve Hauenstein and attended the University of California, Berkeley where he earned his bachelor's and master's degrees along with his PhD. He was the CEO of Hughes Aircraft Company from 1988 to 1992, having worked for Hughes starting in 1954, serving in various leadership positions previously, including President of the Missile Systems Group, vice president, and associate director of the Hughes Research Laboratories.  From 1985 to 1988 he was also CEO of Delco Electronics and VP of Research and Development for Beckman Instruments from 1969 to 1973. 

From 1973 to 1977, he served as the United States Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering. In 1988, he was nominated by President Ronald Reagan to serve as a Member of the President's National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee. He married Sunya Lofsky in 1951 and with her had three children. In 1977, he married Barbara Dyer. He received the IEEE Founders Medal in 1995 "for technical and managerial leadership in the electronics industry".

Dr. Currie was also instrumental in legislatively creating the Federal Low Speed Electric Bicycles Laws (LSEBs), and moving control away from the NHTSA. Dr. Currie's efforts, in partnership with Malcolm Bricklin, resulted in the first ever Federal ebike laws.

17 days before Dr. Currie died, he had a short video taken of him saying that “There are aliens” . The video was posted on YouTube on 1 April, and the uploader later admitted in the comments that it was an April Fools’ joke.

Dr. Currie died on April 18, 2021.

References

1927 births
2021 deaths
21st-century American engineers
People from Spokane, Washington
University of California, Berkeley alumni
James B. Owens. James Beverly Owens (July 23, 1920 – November 2, 2009) was an American engineer and company executive.

Owens was born in Houston, Texas in July 1920. He attended Rice University and also studied at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the Westinghouse Advanced Electrical Design School. During World War II, he worked for Westinghouse as a designer of military radar technology. He later served as president of Gould-Brown Boveri, an electrical equipment distributor. He was the president of the IEEE in 1983 as well as on its board of directors from 1981 to 1984. He received the IEEE Founders Medal in 1987 "for exemplary and inspirational leadership, distinguished service, and administrative excellence in electric power engineering and the electrical engineering profession". Owens died in Lincolnshire, Illinois in November 2009 at the age of 89.

References

1920 births
2009 deaths
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Rice University alumni
American engineers
Irwin Dorros. Irwin Dorros (October 3, 1929 – June 22, 2019) was an American telecommunications executive and engineer.

Dorros was born in New York and attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Columbia University. From 1956 to 1978, he served as the executive director of Bell Telephone Laboratories. He later left Bell to join AT&T for which he served as an assistant vice president from 1978 to 1983. In 1979, Irwin Dorros was elevated to the grade of IEEE fellow for the management of engineering projects associated with integrated nationwide telecommunications. From 1984 to 1993, he was Executive vice president technical services for Bellcore. He received the IEEE Founders Medal in 1991 "for distinguished technical leadership in the evolution of national telecommunications networks and the implementation of a major R&D resource".

References

1929 births
2019 deaths
American telecommunications industry businesspeople
American telecommunications engineers
AT&T people
Columbia University alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
People from Brooklyn
Faraday Future FF 91. The Faraday Future FF 91 (F-F-Nine-One) is an electric full-size luxury crossover SUV produced by American EV startup Faraday Future since 2023 as the company's first production vehicle.

Overview
The Faraday Future FF 91 debuted on January 3, 2017, at the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, as a prototype. Production of the FF 91 began on March 29, 2023, after having been delayed since 2018, with deliveries of the car, as well as its $14,900 FF aiHypercar+ mobility ecosystem annual subscription service, starting on May 31, 2023.

The FF 91 has three variations: the FF 91 2.0 Futurist Alliance, the FF 91 2.0 Futurist, and the FF 91 2.0.

Specifications

AI technology and autonomous driving
The FF 91 is equipped with the FF aiHyper 6x4 Architecture 2.0 operating system, which enables autonomous driving in the car as well as the integration of other AI-powered amenities.

Battery and performance
The FF 91 has an EPA-rated range of , a  time of 2.27 seconds. It is equipped with a 142 kWh battery and 3 motors that output a combined .

Trim levels
The base-level FF 91, the 2.0 Futurist, has a starting price of $249,000. Faraday Future also commemorated the launch of their first production model with the FF 91 2.0 Futurist Alliance edition priced at $309,000 and limited to 300 units.

Variations

FF 91 2.0 Futurist Alliance 
The FF 91 2.0 Futurist Alliance has three motors with a maximum of 1,050 horsepower. The electric motor output torque is  and wheel torque . The 0– acceleration speed is 2.27 seconds, with a battery pack energy of 142 kWh, an EPA-certified range of . In the US, it supports AT&T, Verizon and T-Mobile with an in-car network speed of 10 Gbit/s Ethernet. Additionally, the vehicle has 10+ screens with 100+ inch total display area.

References 

Cars introduced in 2023
Sport utility vehicles
Production electric cars
Artificial Intelligence for Digital Response. Artificial Intelligence for Digital Response (AIDR) is a free and open source platform to filter and classify social media messages related to emergencies, disasters, and humanitarian crises. It has been developed by the Qatar Computing Research Institute and awarded the Grand Prize for the 2015 Open Source Software World Challenge.

Muhammad Imran stated that he and his team "have developed novel computational techniques and technologies, which can help gain insightful and actionable information from online sources to enable rapid decision-making" - according to him the system "combines human intelligence with machine learning techniques, to solve many real-world challenges during mass emergencies and health issues".

How to use 
It can be used by logging in with ones Twitter credentials and by collecting tweets by specifying keywords or hashtags, like #ChileEarthquake, and possibly a geographical region as well.

Use 
 It has been deployed in conjunction with UNICEF in Zambia to classify short messages related to AIDS/HIV received through the U-Report platform.

 AIDR was used for the first time during the 2010 Pakistan floods. The first real test of AIDR took place during the 2014 Iquique earthquake in Chile.

Related talks and events
 Muhammad Imran delivered a keynote talk on the science behind the AIDR system at the International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response And Management (ISCRAM). 
 Abdelkader Lattab and Ji Lucas also presented the system at the 2016 QCRI-IBM Data Science Connect event.

See also 
 Crowdmapping
 Digital humanitarianism
 Social media analytics
 Social media mining

References

External links 
 
 

Emergency management software
Free artificial intelligence applications
Social information processing
Mass media monitoring
Social media
Twitter
Software using the GNU Affero General Public License
John Goodby. John William Goodby is a British materials chemist.

He is the Chairman of Materials Chemistry at the University of York. He studies liquid crystals, complex fluids and self-organising systems. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2011 and received their Royal Medal in 2016 "for his major advances and discoveries of new forms of matter and materials, in particular the development of chiral liquid crystals."

References

Living people
Academics of the University of York
British materials scientists
Royal Medal winners
Fellows of the Royal Society
Year of birth missing (living people)
Greenpeace Magazin. Greenpeace Magazin is an environmentalist and political magazine based in Hamburg, Germany. It is not affiliated with the Greenpeace organization.

History and profile
The magazine was started in 1996 with the name Greenpeace Nachrichten. It is owned by Greenpeace Media GmbH and is headquartered in Hamburg. The publisher is Greenpeace Umweltschutzverlag GmbH. It is published on a bi-monthly basis. It was formerly published quarterly. The magazine is printed on 100% recycled paper.

The magazine covers the topics of environment, politics and the economy. It also features interviews with company executives and politicians. The other topics covered include environment protection in everyday life, environmental innovations and alternatives.

References

External links
  

1996 establishments in Germany
Bi-monthly magazines published in Germany
Environmental magazines
Environmentalism in Germany
German-language magazines
Magazines established in 1996
Magazines published in Hamburg
Political magazines published in Germany
Quarterly magazines published in Germany
Modulation doping. Modulation doping  is a technique for fabricating semiconductors such that the free charge carriers are spatially separated from the donors. Because this eliminates scattering from the donors, modulation-doped semiconductors have very high carrier mobilities.

History
Modulation doping was conceived in Bell Labs in 1977 following a conversation between Horst Störmer  and Ray Dingle, and implemented shortly afterwards by Arthur Gossard. Störmer and Dan Tsui used a modulation-doped wafer to discover the fractional quantum Hall effect.

Implementation
Modulation-doped semiconductor crystals are commonly grown by epitaxy to allow successive layers of different semiconductor species to be deposited. One common structure uses a layer of AlGaAs deposited over GaAs, with Si n-type donors in the AlGaAs.

Applications

Field effect transistors
Modulation-doped transistors can reach high electrical mobilities and therefore fast operation. A modulation-doped field-effect transistor is known as a MODFET.

Low-temperature electronics
One advantage of modulation doping is that the charge carriers cannot become trapped on the donors even at the lowest temperatures. For this reason, modulation-doped heterostructures allow electronics operating at cryogenic temperatures.

Quantum computing
Modulation-doped two-dimensional electron gases can be gated to create quantum dots. Electrons trapped in these dots can then be operated as quantum bits.

References

Semiconductor device fabrication
Zores section. A Zores section (also: Z-section) was a railway beam section designed by French engineer, , in the second half of the 19th century for use in the supporting frames of various railway structures. They were very common in France. In other countries, such as Germany, the originally designated fer arrondi (rounded profile) became a standardised rolling mill profile for wrought iron, its shape resembling an upside down rain gutter. It was used as surfacing on steel bridges, covering the deck girders and forming the base on which gravel, concrete or plaster for the actual trackbed was laid. It was spaced 2 to 3 centimetres apart in order to improved drainage. For the same purpose, usually for smaller loads, buckled plate was used.

References 

Structural steel
Structural system
Architectural elements
Bridge design
Glider snatch pick-up. Glider snatch pick-up (GSPU) was a technique used by the Allies of World War II to launch a military glider with a low-flying powered aircraft (the tow or tug), which did not have to land.

The snatching aircraft, typically a Douglas C-47 Skytrain ("Dakota"), had a 20ft (6m) arm hanging down at a 45-degree angle, supporting a hook at the tip. The hook was attached to a steel rope attached to an automatic winch containing 1000ft (300m) of steel cable. On flyover, the hook engaged in a square loop of a nylon tow rope supported on two poles about 20ft (6m) apart and 3ft (1m) off the ground. This loop was attached to a 180ft (55m) nylon tow rope attached to the front of the glider. The special design of the hook meant it was less likely to snag the ground but would grab the loop.

When the hook engaged in the loop, the rope initially paid out from the winch, and then gradually, a brake was automatically applied until up to about 800ft (244m) of cable had been paid out. This, and the stretch in the nylon rope, reduced shock loading to less than 1 g for a duration of around 3 to 6 seconds, by which time the glider would be airborne. The steel wire was then winched in. It was possible for one plane to pick up two gliders in this way, in two passes. Gliders could be retrieved for re-use in this way after combat operations.

Some casualties were evacuated from the D-Day landings back to the United Kingdom using this technique. Several rescues of downed aircraft passengers were also performed by landing gliders to pick up survivors and then snatching them from remote locations.

See also
Fulton surface-to-air recovery system
Glossary of gliding and soaring
Index of aviation articles
List of aviation, avionics, aerospace and aeronautical abbreviations
1945 New Guinea Gremlin Special rescue

References

Snatch pick-up technique
Airborne warfare
Bureau de normalisation de l'aéronautique et de l'espace. The Bureau de normalisation de l'aéronautique et de l'espace (BNAE) is a standard body for standardization in the field of Aeronautics and space construction. The BNAE has an AFNOR delegation for establishing standards.

History
The BNAE was created in 1941. It has been recognized as a standardization body by the French government since 1984.

Publications 
The BNAE publications are called Recommandation générales (general recommendations). The most well known published recommendation is the RG Aéro 00040 (Recommandation générale pour la spécification de management de programme) which deals with Aeronautics Program management.

References

External links
 Official website

Standards organizations in France
Organizations established in 1941
European Component Oriented Architecture. European Component Oriented Architecture (ECOA) is an open specification for a software framework for mission system software comprising components that are both real-time and service-oriented.

ECOA is managed by the French Direction générale de l'armement and the UK Ministry of Defence (through the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory - DSTL) with the help of the following industry partners:
 BAE Systems (Electronic Systems and Military Air & Information)
 Groupe Bull
 General Dynamics (UK branch)
 GE Aviation Systems
 Leonardo S.p.A.
 Dassault Aviation
 Thales Group (Air forces branch)

History
The initial study began in January 2008 with French partners, but work on the standard really began in January 2011. In August 2015, the first version of the standard was published as a UK Defense standard (DEFSTAN). In December 2015, the standard was republished as a BNAE standard. In July 2016, an updated specification has been made available.

Concepts
ECOA defines an architecture framework based on a Service-oriented architecture. ECOA Software Components (ASCs) are composed of modules which contain the application code and may run in parallel. ECOA provides mechanisms to make these software components portable across computing platforms through use of an interfacing layer called a container. Components  communicate with other components  using events, request–response and versioned data.

See also 
 Service-oriented architecture
 Allied Standards Avionics Architecture Council
 Integrated modular avionics

References

External links
 ECOA homepage
 ECOA standards
 ECOA overview on HIS2015

Aviation standards
Standards
Australasian Society of Engineers. The Australasian Society of Engineers (ASE) was an Australian trade union active from 1890 to 1991. It was eventually incorporated into the Australian Workers' Union (AWU).

History
In 1890, the Australasian Society of Engineers was established as a breakaway from the Amalgamated Society of Engineers (later known as the Amalgamated Engineering Union). The Amalgamated Society had been formed by members of the British union of the same name, and the split occurred due to accusations of interference from Britain. The two organisations operated in parallel for over 80 years, and were constantly competing for members.

The ASE was first federally registered in 1910. In February 1938, it was deregistered by Judge Beeby of the Commonwealth Court of Conciliation and Arbitration, who determined that it had organised an illegal strike at a dockyard in New South Wales. The union was re-registered in August 1938, at which point it had around 6,000 members. The ASE amalgamated with the Federated Ironworkers' Association of Australia in 1991, forming the Federation of Industrial Manufacturing and Engineering Employees (FIMEE). FIMEE was merged into the Australian Workers' Union (AWU) the following year.

Notable officials
 Frank Connors, ASE official in New South Wales, later elected to state parliament
 Edgar Dawes, ASE official in South Australia, later elected to state parliament
 Valma Ferguson, ASE official in Western Australia, later elected to state parliament
 Pat Galvin, ASE official in South Australia, later elected to the House of Representatives
 Ern Klauer, ASE official in South Australia, later elected to state parliament
 John Harris, ASE official in Western Australia, later elected to the Senate
 Frederick Marshall, ASE official in Western Australia, later elected to state parliament
 Frank Mossfield, ASE official in New South Wales, later elected to the House of Representatives

References

1890 establishments in Australia
1991 disestablishments in Australia
Defunct trade unions of Australia
Trade unions established in 1890
Trade unions disestablished in 1991
Engineering trade unions
Australasia
Airmak J4. The Airmak J4 is an Italian ultralight and light-sport aircraft designed and produced by Airmak S.r.l. of Capua. The design's first flight was in early 2011. The aircraft is supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

Design and development
The aircraft is produced by Airmak S.r.l., a joint venture between Rafaelle Violetti and Valter Proietti of OMA Sud. It is manufactured at OMA Sud's Italian facility. Production commenced in the middle of 2012.

The J4 was designed to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight rules and US light-sport aircraft rules. It features a strut-braced high-wing, a two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration enclosed cabin accessed by doors, fixed tricycle landing gear and a single engine in tractor configuration.

The aircraft fuselage is made from welded steel tubing, with riveted aluminium tail and wings. Its  span wing has an area of , employs a custom Iannotta airfoil and mounts flaps. The standard engine used is the  Rotax 912ULS four-stroke powerplant.

As of January 2017 the design does not appear on the Federal Aviation Administration's list of approved special light-sport aircraft.

Operational history
Reviewer Marino Boric described the design in a 2015 review as "elegant".

Specifications (J4)

References

External links

Airmak aircraft
2010s Italian ultralight aircraft
Light-sport aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 2011
Volkmar Denner. Dr. Volkmar Denner (born 30 November 1956 in Uhingen) is a German business executive who was the CEO of Robert Bosch GmbH from 2012 July  to 2021 December.

Education
Denner graduated with a doctorate in physics from the University of Stuttgart.

Career
Denner has spent his whole career with Bosch. In 2012, when he was head of research and engineering, beat out auto parts chief Bernd Bohr to replace incumbent Franz Fehrenbach in a move that made him only the seventh CEO since Bosch was founded in 1886.

During the Hannover Messe in April 2016, Denner was among the 15 German CEOs who were invited to a private dinner with President Barack Obama.

Other activities
 Baden-Badener Unternehmer-Gespräche (BBUG), Member of the Board
 Deutscher Zukunftspreis, Member of the Board of Trustees
 German Association of the Automotive Industry (VDA), Member of the Managing Board

References

1956 births
Living people
German chief executives
Bosch (company) people
University of Stuttgart alumni
George Andrew Hobson. George Andrew Hobson (29 March 1854 – 25 January 1917) was a British civil engineer known for the development of the patented Hobson steel flooring and the design of the Victoria Falls Bridge.

He was born in Leeds, Yorkshire and educated at King James's School, Knaresborough and Watt Institution in Edinburgh. From 1871 he was an apprentice with Messrs Hopkins, Gilkes and Co., locomotive builders in Middlesbrough, then in Yorkshire. He then worked for the Teesside Bridge and Engineering Company (later part of Dorman Long) for several years.

In 1880, Hobson became the Chief Assistant to Sir Charles Fox of Sir Charles Fox & Sons (later Freeman Fox & Partners; now part of Hyder Consulting). He was involved in projects such as the Mersey Tunnel, the Liverpool Overhead Railway, and the extension of the Great Central Railway to London. He designed and patented a new type of steel bridge deck for the railway, known as Hobson’s Steel Flooring. An example of this can be found at the Empress Road bridge, which crosses the historic Great Central Railway in Loughborough. In partnership with Edmund Wragge, Hobson was awarded a Telford Medal in 1900 for their paper on the Metropolitan Terminus of the Great Central Railway. He became a partner in the firm in 1901.

His chief work thereafter was the construction of railways in Africa and South America, of which his most notable achievement was the design of the Victoria Falls Bridge. On this project, he was assisted in the stress calculations by Ralph Freeman, who went on to design the Sydney Harbour Bridge. The location of the railway bridge was chosen by Cecil Rhodes to give rail passengers a clear view of the falls and presented a number of engineering challenges such as the need for a design and construction technique which avoided the use of scaffolding and the need for the structure to be spray resistant. The final solution was the 150 metre trussed steel arch which stands today. He was awarded the George Stephenson Gold Medal by the Institute of Civil Engineers for his account of the design and construction of the bridge.

He died in Richmond, Surrey in 1917 and was buried in Richmond Cemetery. He had married Annie Jean, the daughter of Thomas Addyman of Harrogate and had an only daughter.

References

External links
 Details of grave

1854 births
1917 deaths
People from Leeds
British bridge engineers
Engineers from Yorkshire
Chris Okasaki. Chris Okasaki is an associate professor of computer science at the United States Military Academy. He authored Purely Functional Data Structures (1998), based on a doctoral dissertation of the same name. He obtained a Ph.D. at Carnegie Mellon University in 1996 under advisers Peter Lee, Robert Harper, Daniel Sleator, and Robert Tarjan. Prior to his current academic appointment, he taught at Columbia University and the University of Glasgow.

Purely functional data structures 
Okasaki published his doctoral dissertation as a book in 1998. It approaches the topic of data structures from a functional programming perspective, describing techniques for designing immutable structures that incorporate persistence.

References 

Living people
Carnegie Mellon University alumni
Columbia University faculty
United States Military Academy faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)