omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Folding Boat Equipment. The Folding Boat Equipment, abbreviated as FBE, is a light pontoon bridging equipment which was in use by the British and its colonial armies during the 20th century. The equipment was introduced in 1928 and was the standard light bridge used for loads up to class 5, i.e. providing rafts or a bridge capable of transporting loads up to 5 tons of weight. The initial version was followed by a Mk II but without change of capacity. In 1938 the Mk III version of the bridge was introduced with significant changes and an increase of load capacity to 9 tons, i.e. load class 9.

The Mk III version of the bridge was easy and quick to erect, which led in 1939 to its becoming the standard light bridging equipment, initially of the British armies, and the Allied armies during World War II. The Mk III equipment was capable of providing class 5 and 9 pontoon rafts, or a class 9 bridge. The equipment provided anchoring facilities and a full width trackway. It performed well even in fast currents and could be maintained and kept in use indefinitely.

The FBE Mk III was used extensively during World War II by both British and American forces as the standard class 9 bridge. The FBE was widely used in both the European and South-East Asian theatres of war.

Configuration and deployment
The equipment provided the following capabilities:
 Class 3 Tracked Raft, F.B.E. (ramp and deck parallel to the length of the boat).
 Class 5 Bridge, F.B.E., Mk. II.
 Class 5 Decked Raft Ferries, F.B.E. Mk. II and Mk. III. (ramp and deck perpendicular to the length of the boat).
 Class 9 Bridge, F.B.E., Mk. III.

Bridges are constructed by joining rafts together. The connectors have limited articulation, which permits the FBE Mk II bridge to carry a load of class 5 while an FBE MK III bridge can carry a vehicle of load class 9 (approximately 10 tons). The trestles are set up at each end and fix the end of the bridge to the bank. Anchors are placed at different positions along the length to anchor the bridge from being swept away by a changed current.

Parts
Folding Boat Equipment bridge consists of the following parts:
 Folding boats. These could be used singly as an assault boat, in combination of two to four boats to form a raft or ferry, or connected together with a deck trackway to form a bridge.
 Superstructure. For both rafts and bridge.
 Trestles. Used to anchor each end of the bridge.
 Anchors and anchor stores.
 Rafting gear and folding dinghies for assault boats.

Folding Boat

Each folding boat was 21 feet 10 inches long and 6 feet 8 inches wide, collapsible and could be carried flat on four-wheeled trailers or in bridging lorries. Three flat boats fitted on a trailer. Sixteen soldiers were required for manual carriage and launching a single boat. Each boat had a load capacity of 870 pounds and could accommodate 16 fully armed soldiers besides the boat commander and a crew of four.

References

Pontoon bridges
Portable bridges
Military bridging equipment
Sodium sulfosuccinate esters. Sodium sulfosuccinate esters are organic compounds with the formula NaO3SCH(CO2R')CH2CO2R where R and R' can be H or alkyl groups.  They comprise a large class of surfactants and emulsifiers used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and cleaning agents.  They are colorless salts.  These materials can be further classified into monoesters (R' = H, R = alkyl) and diesters (R and R' = alkyl).

Synthesis
They are produced by treatment of maleic anhydride with alcohols.  The resulting mono or diesters are then treated with sodium sulfite, which, concomitant with protonation, adds to the C=C bond.

Application
A high volume example is sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate. This is perhaps best known as the laxative docusate, however its main use is as a surfactant for which it finds common use in personal-care and household-care products, often under the name Aerosol-OTs. It is unusual in that it is able to form microemulsions without the use of co-surfactants, and it has a rich variety of aqueous-phase behavior including multiple liquid crystalline phases.

References

Anionic surfactants
Sulfonic acids
Dorien Herremans. Dorien Herremans (born July 26, 1982) is a Belgian computer music researcher. Herremans is a tenured associate professor in the Singapore University of Technology and Design, and previously held a joint appointment at the Institute of High Performance Computing, A*STAR. She also works as a certified instructor for the NVIDIA Deep Learning Institute and is director of SUTD Game Lab. Before going to SUTD, she was a recipient of the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Postdoctoral Fellowship at the Centre for Digital Music (C4DM) at Queen Mary University of London, where she worked on the project MorpheuS: Hybrid Machine Learning – Optimization techniques To Generate Structured Music Through Morphing And Fusion. She received her Ph.D. in Applied Economics on the topic of Computer Generation and Classification of Music through Operations Research Methods. She graduated as a commercial engineer in management information systems at the University of Antwerp in 2005. After that, she worked as a Drupal consultant and was an IT lecturer at the Les Roches University in Bluche, Switzerland. She also worked as a 'mandaatassistent' at the University of Antwerp, in the domain of operations management, supply chain management and operations research.

Herremans' work focuses on generative music AI, data mining for music classification (hit prediction) and other novel applications in the intersections of AI, machine learning/optimization and music. She is a senior member of the IEEE. In 2021 she was nominated to the Singapore 100 Women in Technology list, and her Mustango: Controllable text-to-music Project won the SAIL Award Top 30 at the World Artificial Intelligence Conference in Shanghai in 2024. 

Herremans' research on dance hit prediction, automatic piano fingering and AI automatic music generation systems (e.g. MorpheuS) has received attention in the popular press, including international magazines such as Motherboard from Vice magazine, Channel News Asia's Documentary Algorithms Episode 1: "Rage Against The Machine", The San Francisco Examiner, Belgian national TV and Belgian and French national radio.

Selected publications
 Melechovsky, J., Guo, Z., Ghosal, D., Majumder, N., Herremans, D., & Poria, S. (2024). Mustango: Toward controllable text-to-music generation. Proc. of the Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (NAACL). Mexico City. 
 Melechovsky, J., Roy, A., & Herremans, D. (2024). MidiCaps--A large-scale MIDI dataset with text captions. Proceedings of the International Society of Music Information Retrieval (ISMIR). San Francisco.

References 

1982 births
Living people
21st-century Belgian women scientists
Belgian academics
Obadiah Elliott. Obadiah Elliott (1763 – 13 January 1838) was a British inventor from Tonbridge, Kent who patented in 1804 the method of mounting coach bodies on elliptical springs attached directly to the axles, replacing the traditional heavy perch.

The elliptic spring consisted of steel plates piled on top of one another and pinned together; it is the same method still used in rear suspensions. His invention was a major breakthrough in carriage design and it inspired a boom in the construction and sale of lightweight private carriages.

Ultimately, there was greater investment in roads and the beginnings of a national network. Travel by road until the 19th century was done on foot or on horseback. Other than local carts, goods were transported by pack animal. There was little if any investment in the roads which were nothing more than rough tracks or, at best, the remains of Roman roads. Any carriages and carts were forced by rough surfaces to go at a horse's walking pace only. Elliott's invention ensured stability and carriage travel became safe with a much smoother ride, subject to road repair and maintenance.

Elliott died at Plaistow in 1838 aged 75 and was buried with other members of his family at St Georges Church, Beckenham, Kent. He had married twice and had 12 children. On his death his estate comprised at least 5 large houses, 2 carriage workshops and a half share of the prosperous Westminster carriage firm of Elliott and Holbrook.

References

External links
 Details of grave

1763 births
1838 deaths
People from Tonbridge
English inventors
People of the Industrial Revolution
Schönleber Vento. The Schönleber Vento () is a German ultralight trike designed and produced by Schönleber Metallbau GbR of Schönaich and formerly located in Regensburg. The aircraft is supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

Design and development
The company has been producing ultralight trikes since the 1990s, mostly to supply local customers and without advertising. The company's main business is metal fabrication.

The Vento was designed to comply with the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale microlight category, including the category's maximum gross weight of . The aircraft has a maximum gross weight of .

The aircraft design features a cable-braced hang glider-style high-wing, weight-shift controls, a two-seats-in-tandem open cockpit with an optional cockpit fairing, tricycle landing gear and a single engine in pusher configuration.

The aircraft is made from bolted-together aluminum tubing, with its double surface wing covered in Dacron sailcloth. Its  span wing is supported by a single tube-type kingpost and uses an "A" frame weight-shift control bar. The powerplant is a twin cylinder, liquid-cooled, two-stroke, dual-ignition  Rotax 582 engine, equipped with a 4:1 belt reduction drive to reduce the aircraft's noise signature.

The aircraft has an empty weight of  and a gross weight of , giving a useful load of . With full fuel of  the payload is .

A number of different wings can be fitted to the basic carriage, including a special wing for hang glider towing.

Specifications (Vento)

References

Vento
2010s German sport aircraft
2010s German ultralight aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Ultralight trikes
Glider tugs
Aircraft with fixed tricycle landing gear
Single-engined piston aircraft
Geddes Committee. The Geddes Committee is the name by which the United Kingdom's Shipbuilding Inquiry Committee of 1965-1966 was more generally known. It took this name from its chairperson, Reay Geddes, the managing director of Dunlop Rubber.

The Geddes Committee was appointed in February 1965. Their remit was to consider ways to save the shipbuilding industry in the United Kingdom by achieving greater competitiveness through organisational changes and in the methods of production. The Committee was sponsored by the Board of Trade.

They started gathering evidence from the Shipbuilding Conference and Shipbuilding Employers Federation, the Chamber of Shipping, the Dry Dock Owners and Repairers Central Council, the National Association of Marine Engineers, and the Confederation of Shipbuilding and Engineering Unions. 

The financial collapse of the Fairfield Shipbuilding and Engineering Company occurred in October 1965, leading to the "Fairfield Experiment".

The Geddes Committee published its report in 1966, calling for the reorganisation of UK shipbuilding into five large concerns. Harold Wilson's government accepted these  recommendations and set up the Shipbuilding Industry Board (SIB) through the Shipbuilding Industry Act 1967.

References

Public inquiries in the United Kingdom
1966 in the United Kingdom
Shipbuilding in the United Kingdom
Barbara Webb. Barbara H. Webb is a professor of robotics at the University of Edinburgh. She builds robotic models of insects.

Education 
Webb completed a bachelor's degree in Psychology at the University of Sydney in 1988. She earned her PhD in Artificial Intelligence from the University of Edinburgh in 1993.

Research 
Webb joined the University of Nottingham in 1995. In 1999 she moved to the University of Stirling. In 2001 she published the book Biorobotics - Methods and Applications with Thomas Consi.

She moved back to the School of Informatics at the University of Edinburgh in May 2003. In 2004 she contributed to the publication Foresight Cognitive Systems Project Research Review, Robotics and Cognition.

Webb is interested in understanding how perceptual systems control of behaviour, which she studies by building computational and robotic models. To understand this she studies the behaviour of insects, whose smaller nervous systems are simpler than humans. Her group use computational modelling to understand the behaviour at a neural level. They test their models in agent and robot systems. She believes the behaviours, sensors and small brains of insects should be inspiration for efficient processing algorithms for sensorimotor control. Her group research the navigation of ants, learning abilities of drosophila and movement of crickets. She uses insect inspired robotics as an approach to control system design.

She was appointed to a professor of Biorobotics in 2010. Her inaugural lecture discussed how biological systems are examples of the kind of machines roboticists want to build. That year, she delivered the University of Edinburgh Christmas Lecture.

Webb is interested in how ants, with brains small enough to fit on a pin head, can manage to navigate back to their homes. In 2017 she demonstrated how ants use the position of the sun to walk backwards. The discovery attracted media attention and in an interview Webb said that they "could be taking images and comparing them continuously, but are able to mentally rotate the views to adjust to backward walking".

Recognition
Webb was elected to the Fellowship of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 2022.

References 

Living people
Australian roboticists
Women roboticists
University of Sydney alumni
Academics of the University of Edinburgh
Academics of the University of Nottingham
Academics of the University of Stirling
Year of birth missing (living people)
Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh
Jason P Jue. Jason P Jue is a professor of computer science and the director of the Advanced Networks Research Lab at the University of Texas at Dallas.

Education 
Jue received his B.Sc. in Electrical and Computer Science from University of California, Berkeley in 1990. He then received his M.Sc. in Electrical Engineering from University of California, Los Angeles in 1991. He earned his Ph.D. in Electrical and Computer Engineering from University of California, Davis in 1999.

Career 
Jue is Professor of Computer Science at the University of Texas at Dallas as well as being the director of the Advanced Networks Research Lab at the University of Texas at Dallas. During his research he has published over 30 journal articles and 90 conference and workshop papers.

Awards and honors 
 Senior Member, IEEE
 Best Paper Award, IEEE ICC 2011 Optical Networks and Systems Symposium, 2011.
 Best Paper Award, 14th International Conference of Optical Network Design and Modeling, 2010
 NSF Career Award, 2002

Books published 
 J. P. Jue and V. M. Vokkarane, Optical Burst Switched Networks, Springer, 2005.
 Lightpath Establishment in Wavelength-Routed WDM Optical Networks.

References 

Living people
American computer scientists
Senior members of the IEEE
University of California, Davis alumni
Year of birth missing (living people)
Latifur Khan. Latifur Khan joined the University of Texas at Dallas in 2000, where he has been conducting research and teaching as a Professor in the Department of Computer Science.

Education 
Latifur Khan has received his B.Sc in Computer Science from Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology in 1993. He has done his M.Sc degree in Computer Science in the University of Southern California in 1996. He has also earned his Ph.D in Computer Science from the University of Southern California in 2000.

Career 
Latifur Khan is working as a Professor of Computer Science, in the Erik Jonsson School of Engineering and Computer Science at The University of Texas at Dallas since 2012. He initially joined the University of Texas at Dallas in 2000 and has held the title of Professor, Associate Professor and Assistant Professor. Khan has primarily done research in the fields of big data management, data mining, multimedia information management and semantic web and has published over 300 papers in 40 journals, in peer reviewed conference proceedings, and in three books.

Awards and honors 
 Fellow 2022 of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 
 IEEE Technical Achievement Award, 2012
 ACM Distinguished Scientist, 2012
 NSF award for MRI: Development of an Instrument for Assured Cloud Computing, 2012
 IBM Faculty Award (Research), 2016
 NSF award for Secure and Privacy Preserving Big Data Analytics Curriculum Development, 2017

 Fellow of British Computer Society (BCS) 

 Fellow of Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET), UK  

 Associate Editor IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence, ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data (TKDD), and ACM transaction on Internet Technology (TOIT). These recognitions clearly demonstrate the quality of his work and authoritativeness in data mining area.

Books authored 
 Design and Implementation of Data Mining Tools.
 Data Mining Tools for Malware Detection.
 Big Data Analytics with Applications in Insider Threat Detection.
 Analyzing and Securing Social Networks.
 Multimedia Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery

References 

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Senior members of the IEEE
University of Texas at Dallas faculty
Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology alumni
University of Southern California alumni
Bangladeshi computer scientists
Wings over Pittsburgh. Wings over Pittsburgh was an American Air show which took place at Pittsburgh International Airport in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Inaugurated in June 2000 the air show is one of the largest on the East Coast. Over the years the show has seen many unique displays from aircraft from all over the world. Some notable static displays include: Boeing P-8 Poseidon, Boeing C-17, Boeing KC-46 Pegasus, Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey, Boeing C-40 Clipper, Gulfstream C-37, Gulfstream C-20, Lockheed C-130T, Lockheed Martin KC-130, Beechcraft T-6 Texan and Beechcraft T-44A. Also, the 60th College Training Detachment (Army Air Forces Training Command) provided military training at the airfield.

In recent years the air show has featured displays by the Blue Angels and the USAF Thunderbirds. In upcoming years it was announced of the possibility of commercial airliners being on display. The types of aircraft or possible airlines featured have not been released and the organizers will not say more on the subject.

Over the almost 20 years of the event an estimated 1.5 million people have attended the air show the most being in 2005 with over 200,000 spectators.

Gallery
Images from the 2017 Air Show:

See also
 List of Air shows
 Northeastern Pennsylvania Air Show
 Aviation in Pennsylvania

References

Air shows
Aviation in Pennsylvania
Events in Pittsburgh
Defiant-class patrol vessel. The United States is building 13 small patrol vessels, based on the Damen Stan 2606 patrol vessel design, for small Caribbean nations, to be known as the Defiant class.  The United States Navy, which will play an oversight role in the ship's construction, also calls the design Near Coastal Patrol Vessels. The $54 million contract was awarded to Metal Shark Boats of Louisiana.

Partner nations include Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Honduras, Panama and Guatemala.

Like the United States Coast Guard's very successful , also based on the Damen 2606 design, the Defiant-class vessels are to be equipped with a stern launching ramp.

The vessels will be able to accommodate a crew of ten or more—similar to the Marine Protector class.  The vessels are powered by a pair of C32 Caterpillar  diesel engines.

Delivery

See also
  in the late 1980s Australia provided its neighbours with small patrol vessels
  Australia is replacing the patrol vessels it provided its neighbours.

References

Patrol vessels
Proposed ships
Ships built in Louisiana
Emgrand EC8. The Emgrand EC8 is a large family car of the Emgrand sub-brand of Chinese automaker Geely Auto.

Background
The Emgrand EC8 debuted at the 2010 Beijing Auto Show. Formerly known as the Emgrand EC825, Geely decided to shorten the name to simply Emgrand EC8.

The EC8 is Geely's first entry to the D-segment mid-size sedan or Large family car market. The car resembles a cross between the Toyota Camry (XV40) and the Cadillac CTS as the EC8 was benchmarked against and reverse engineered from the Toyota Camry. The Geely EC8 will compete with mid-size rivals such as the Toyota Camry, Volkswagen Magotan, Honda Accord, Nissan Teana and Chery-Riich G5 in the Chinese market.

References

External links

 

EC8
Mid-size cars
Front-wheel-drive vehicles
Sedans
Cars introduced in 2010
Cars discontinued in 2014
Vashon Ranger R7. The Vashon Ranger R7 is an American light-sport aircraft designed and produced by Vashon Aircraft of Woodinville, Washington. It was formally introduced at the AirVenture airshow in Oshkosh, Wisconsin in July 2018. The aircraft is supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft.

Design and development
The development of the Ranger R7 started in about 2013. By February 2018, two prototypes were flying and four production aircraft were under construction for April 2018 delivery.

The aircraft is an all-metal monocoque design and features a cantilever high-wing, two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration enclosed cabin, fixed tricycle landing gear with a castering nosewheel, and a single engine in tractor configuration. The aircraft is made from pre-painted sheet 6061-T6 aluminum to save construction time. The seats fold flat to allow sleeping in the cabin when camping.

The company manufactures the majority of parts itself to reduce costs and shorten the supply chain.

By January 2018, the design had been accepted by the United States Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) as a light-sport aircraft.

Operational history
By May 2017, one example had been registered in the United States with the FAA.

In a review of the design on AVweb, writer Paul Bertorelli indicated that the aircraft suffers from a low useful load of  due to the choice of the old-technology Continental O-200D engine, which is at least  heavier than other newer engines.

By April 2019, 12 production aircraft had been delivered to customers, which included individuals and flight schools. By August 2021, 50 aircraft had been delivered; by November 2021, 66 had been delivered. As of October 2024, 103 aircraft are on the FAA registry.

Variants

Ranger R7 Yellowstone
Base model powered by a  Continental O-200-D four-stroke, air-cooled powerplant and fitted with a Dynon SkyView Touch glass cockpit avionics system. No longer in production.

Ranger R7 Glacier 
Intermediate model powered by a  Continental O-200-D  four-stroke, air-cooled powerplant and fitted with a 10" Dynon SkyView HDX glass cockpit avionics system, additional exterior options are also available. This variant is now the base model aircraft available.

Ranger R7 Redwood 
Premium model powered by a  Continental O-200-D  four-stroke, air-cooled powerplant and fitted with dual 10" Dynon SkyView HDX glass cockpit avionics system, additional exterior options are also available.

Ranger R7 Cascade 
IFR Capable model powered by a  Continental O-200-D  four-stroke, air-cooled powerplant and fitted with dual 10" Dynon SkyView HDX glass cockpit avionics system as well a Garmin GTN 650Xi (GPS/MFD/COM/NAV), additional exterior options are also available.

Specifications (R7)

References

External links

Video review on AVweb

Ranger R7
2010s United States sport aircraft
2010s United States civil utility aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
High-wing aircraft