omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Chennai Metro Rail Limited. Chennai Metro Rail Limited (CMRL) is a centre-state joint venture that built and operates the Chennai Metro. It was established in 2007 and is headquartered in Chennai. CMRL is also involved in the planning and implementation of other metro rail and monorail projects in Tamil Nadu.

History 
Government of Tamil Nadu approved the Chennai Metro project in November 2007. Chennai Metro Rail Limited (CMRL), a SPV was established in December 2007 as a joint venture between the Government of India and Government of Tamil Nadu, and is headquartered in Chennai. In June 2015, commercial operations of the Chennai metro started and the first phase was completed by February 2019. Since 2019, CMRL is involved in the construction of the second phase of the Chennai metro.

Administration and operations 
CMRL is headquartered at MetroS building in Anna Salai, Nandanam. The company is headed by a board consisting of 12 directors, five nominated by Government of India including the chairman, five nominated by Government of Tamil Nadu including the Managing director and two full time operational directors. The main operational control center (OCC) is located in Koyambedu where the movement of trains and real-time CCTV footage obtained is monitored. , CMRL operates two colour-coded lines covering a length of . Chennai Metro maintains depots at Koyambedu and Wimco Nagar, which house maintenance workshops, stabling lines, test tracks and washing plant for the trains.

Other projects 
CMRL will take over Chennai Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS) system from Southern Railway once the under construction expansion of MRTS is complete. It is also involved in the planning of light rail and extension of metro in Chennai. CMRL also undertakes other projects including the development of metro rail transport in the cities of Coimbatore, Madurai and Tiruchirapalli. It has also proposed the development of Central Square around CMRL headquarters with commercial complexes and multi-storied buildings.

References 

 
Rapid transit companies of India
Railway companies established in 2007
Indian companies established in 2007
2007 establishments in Tamil Nadu
Camille Polonceau. Jean-Barthélémy Camille Polonceau (29 October 1813 – 21 September 1859) was a French railway systems engineer. He was born in Chambery, France, and died in the French commune Viry-Chatillon.

In 1839 he invented the Polonceau truss, a method of roof construction considered "one of the most successful roof designs of the nineteenth century".

Polonceau's name is one of the 72 names on the Eiffel Tower.

References

1813 births
1859 deaths
French engineers
David Mackay (pilot). David William Donald Mackay  (born 1957) is the Chief Pilot of Virgin Galactic, a commercial astronaut and a former RAF test pilot. He is the first native-born Scot to visit space.

Early life
David Mackay was born in Scotland, and lived in Helmsdale, Highland. David's father was a police officer. He would see aircraft flying (low) from RAF Lossiemouth.

David studied Aeronautical Engineering at the University of Glasgow. He first piloted an aircraft in 1977.

Career

Royal Air Force
He joined the RAF in 1979. He flew the Harrier GR3 in Germany and the Falklands.

Test pilot
In 1986 he was selected for test pilot training. In 1988 he graduated from the French test pilots' school, École du personnel navigant d'essais et de réception - EPNER, through an exchange with the RAF's Empire Test Pilots' School. He became Commanding Officer of the RAF's Fast Jet Test Flight in 1992 at RAF Boscombe Down. The fastest speed he reached was Mach 1.4 in a French Mirage. He conducted trials on the Harrier GR7, the Sea Harrier FA.2, and the Tucano. He flew with the Fixed Wing Test Squadron. He was awarded the Air Force Cross in 1992.

Virgin Atlantic
He joined Virgin Atlantic in 1995, flying Boeing 747s as a Captain from 1999; he also flew the Airbus A340 from 2002. He finished his flying career with over 11,000 hours flying.

Virgin Galactic 

He joined Virgin Galactic in 2009, and is now the Chief Pilot. The suborbital spacecraft, SpaceShipTwo (SS2), will reach a height of 360,000 feet. On its journey into space, the SS2 spacecraft will reach Mach 3.5. The first SS2 spacecraft to fly, of which he was one of the pilots, was the VSS Enterprise; the second SS2 spacecraft is called VSS Unity. On 22 February 2019 Mackay became the 569th person, and first Scot, to visit space. He piloted the VSS Unity VF-01 flight above , qualifying him as an FAA commercial astronaut. He has since piloted the Unity 21 and Unity 22 flights, also above .

References

External links
 BBC July 2011
 Telegraph August 2011
 Telegraph October 2010

Audio clips
 West FM 96.7 in July 2012
 2009 interview with Flightglobal.com

Video clips

1957 births
Alumni of the University of Glasgow
Scottish airmen
Scottish test pilots
People from Helmsdale
People from Salisbury
Recipients of the Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)
Royal Air Force officers
Virgin Galactic
Living people
Commercial astronauts
People who have flown in suborbital spaceflight
American test pilots
20th-century Royal Air Force personnel
Military personnel from Highland (council area)
Aster Società Italiana Motori. Aster Società Italiana Motori was an Italian manufacturer of automobiles from 1906 to 1908. It was founded by the French manufacturer of Aster cars and engines, Ateliers de Construction Mecanique l'Aster.

History
The company based in Milan, began in 1906 with the sales of the French parents engines and subsequently built small numbers of Aster automobiles under license. In 1908 the company was dissolved.

Vehicle
The only model had a 2300cc six cylinder engine that developed 30 hp.

See also 

List of Italian companies

Bibliography
 Harald Linz and Halwart Schrader: The International Automobile Encyclopedia. United Soft Media Verlag GmbH, München 2008, 
 Autorenkollektiv: Enzyklopädie des Automobils. Models, Brands and Technology.  Weltbild Verlag, Augsburg, 1989

References

Defunct motor vehicle manufacturers of Italy
Milan motor companies
Auto parts suppliers of Italy
Combination bus. A combination bus, also called a truck bus or shift bus, is a purpose-built truck with a "passenger container" fulfilling the role of a bus.  Such vehicles used to be common in developing countries. Alternative combination buses can be a passenger/cargo module/container mounted on a truck chassis, or a bus with a large open or closed in cargo area known as a bruck. 

Truck buses have been mainly used by the military, the police anti-riot units, public utilities, as school buses, and by state owned companies on short routes for employees.

Construction
Combination buses are built by installing a complete box body equipped for transporting people onto a truck chassis. The body is independent and separate from the driver. There is usually no passage between the cab and box body but there is usually an intercom system. The body is equipped with windows, a separate internal lighting and heating and/or air conditioning systems. Related bodies are different types of mobile workshops or specialized military superstructure. Passenger comfort is generally minimal.

Some companies such as Ha'argaz manufacture combination buses by installing a partial bus body on an all-wheel-drive truck chassis.

Usage

Due to the minimum of comfort provided by the combination bus, they are suitable for transport over short distances only. Specifically, the distribution of workers in large workplaces under the open sky such as a large construction site, agricultural labor, quarries or surface mines. Often these vehicles built on off-road vehicle chassis. These vehicles are also used as police intervention units, commandos and anti-terrorism units.

Such shift buses are the most popular mode of transport in the field of oil mining. They allow you to leave quite far from populated areas, while it is relatively comfortable to transport the entire workforce with the possibility of spending the night. In some such trucks, sleeping places are provided, since the work shift can last up to a week, while this can happen in the conditions of a polar night with frost up to -50 degrees Celsius (-58 Fahrenheit). Powerful heating and insulation are installed in the salons.

Gallery

See also
 Trailer bus
 List of buses

References

Buses by type
Trucks
Naval Aircraft Factory NO. Naval Aircraft Factory NO was an American short-range reconnaissance/gun spotting aircraft of the 1920s. A single-engined three-seat biplane with alternative floats or wheels, six were built for the U.S. Navy.

Development and design
The NO was designed at the U.S. Navy Bureau of Aeronautics (BuAer) as a single-engined single-bay sesquiplane capable of being fitted with either a conventional tailwheel undercarriage or two floats. It was fitted with a 435 hp (324 kW) Curtiss D-12 water-cooled V-12 engine, with a radiator installed between the floats or wheels, depending on such configuration.

The design featured the use of W-type (aka Warren truss) and N-type wing bracing struts, that offered both compression and tension resistance to static and dynamic loads, instead of the traditional tension wires employed on many biplanes of the period. This structural principle had been incorporated successfully in the design of the Naval Aircraft Factory TS fighter, as designed by Rex Beisel when employed at BuAer, and later also used on the Martin MS submarine-based biplane that required rapid assembly and rigging.

The three crew occupied separate open cockpit stations, and the rearmost cockpit was equipped with a swivel-mounted machine gun for defense.  Small differences observed between the Martin and NAF versions included exhaust stacks, fin and rudder shapes, and presence or omission of a propeller spinner.

Operational history
In 1923, pre-production construction contracts were issued to both the Naval Aircraft Factory (NAF) and Glenn L. Martin Company (as Martin Model 60), each for three aircraft, designated Naval Aircraft Factory NO and Martin M2O respectively. Deliveries of the Martin M2O-1 started in 1923, and all six aircraft were completed by the end of 1924. The NAF-built aircraft were assigned serial numbers A-6431 to A-6433 (initially designated as NO-1), and A-6452 to A-6454 were assigned to the Martin M2O-1 aircraft. Subsequently, the third NO-1 (serial number A-6433) was converted with a 440 hp Packard 1A-1500 and redesignated as NO-2. Photos have shown that at least two Martin M2O-1 (A-6452 and A-6454), were configured with wheeled undercarriage during their service.

The type proved to be no better than the Vought UO in the gun spotting role, and was never placed into quantity production. All six were withdrawn from use by the end of 1927.

Variants
NO-1
Three-seat twin-float floatplane powered by a  Curtiss D-12 water-cooled V-12 engine. Three built by the Naval Aircraft Factory.
NO-2
The third, and last, NO-1 was modified with a 425hp (317 kW) Packard 1A-1500 water-cooled V-12 engine, and redesignated NO-2.
M2O-1
Designation of Martin-built NO-1, three built.

Specifications

See also
 1922 United States Navy aircraft designation system

References

Notes

Bibliography

 
 
 
 
 

N1O
M2O
1920s United States military reconnaissance aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1923
Biplanes
Floatplanes
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Single-engined piston aircraft
Wiebe Draijer. Wiebe Draijer (born 27 August 1965) is a Dutch engineer, civil servant and management consultant who served as Chairman of the Social and Economic Council from 2012 to 2014. Since 1 October 2014, he has been CEO of the Rabobank.

Youth and education 
Born and growing up in Enschede, Draijer wanted to be a reporter, but an uncle advised him to complete a professional study before trying his hand at journalism. Following this advice Draijer studied mechanical engineering at the Delft University of Technology from 1983 to 1989. During his time as a student he also worked as a freelance reporter for NRC Handelsblad. From 1987 to 1989 he completed a traineeship and a year as a researcher at Philips Research Laboratories.

Career

McKinsey & Company
Having completed his university education, he joined McKinsey & Company as a fellow. Augmenting his earlier education with an MBA at INSEAD in Fontainebleau, he was promoted to country managing partner for the Netherlands in 2004 and for the Benelux in 2006.

During his career at McKinsey, Draijer held several highly visible positions in Dutch society. Among others he was Chairman of the Stichting Toekomstbeeld der Techniek (of which he is still a member of the board), member of the supervisory board of the Kröller-Müller Museum, member of the advisory board for Champs on Stage (an organisation focusing on reducing high school dropout), member of the advisory board for World Press Photo, member of the Innovatieplatform (a government advisory board to stimulate the Dutch knowledge economy) and member of the Education Innovation Network. He was also a founding member of 21minuten.nl (now De Nationale Dialoog), a website focused on generating public debate on political issues as well as more active citizenship.

Social Economic Council
On 19 June 2012 Henk Kamp, Minister of Social Affairs and Employment, nominated Draijer to succeed Alexander Rinnooy Kan as Chairman of the Social and Economic Council (SER) per 1 September 2012. The SER endorsed the nomination on 21 June 2012; his appointment was validated by Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands in July. On 1 July 2014 Draijer left the SER and started to work for the Rabobank. On 10 September 2014 he was succeeded by Mariëtte Hamer.

Rabobank
He was appointed Chairman of the Managing Board of Rabobank on 1 October 2014. He is also a member of the Board of the Dutch Banking Association and a member of the Board of the European Association of Cooperative Banks (EACB).

References

External links 
 Wiebe Draijer at ser.nl (in Dutch)
 Wiebe Draijer at Rabobank.nl (CV in Pdf format)

1965 births
Living people
Chairmen of the Social and Economic Council
Dutch chief executives in the finance industry
Dutch corporate directors
Delft University of Technology alumni
INSEAD alumni
People from Enschede
Academic staff of the Delft University of Technology
21st-century Dutch civil servants
20th-century Dutch engineers
20th-century Dutch businesspeople
21st-century Dutch businesspeople
Markus W. Covert. Markus W. Covert (born April 24, 1973) is a researcher and professor of bioengineering at Stanford University who led the simulation of the first organism in software.
Covert leads an interdisciplinary lab of approximately 10 graduate students and post-doctoral scholars.

Education 
Covert received a B.S. in chemical engineering from Brigham Young University. He received a Ph.D. in bioengineering and bioinformatics from the University of California, San Diego in 2003 for his investigations into the interaction between microbial metabolism and transcriptional regulation under the supervision of Bernhard Palsson. He did his post-doctoral training in mammalian cell signaling at the California Institute of Technology under the supervision of David Baltimore.

Honors and distinctions 
 NIH Director's Pioneer Award, 2009
 Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation, Postdoctoral Fellowship
 Brigham Young University, Ezra Taft Benson Presidential Scholarship, 1991-1997

References 

1973 births
Stanford University School of Medicine faculty
Brigham Young University alumni
University of California, San Diego alumni
Systems biologists
Living people
Scientists from the San Francisco Bay Area
Nagema. Nagema was a manufacturing association of state-owned enterprises (VVB) and later a combine, headquartered in Dresden, East Germany. It was formed in 1948 as the legal successor to the Gäbel Maschinen-Fabrik Dresden-Mockritz and ceased to exist in 1990. It had 21,000 employees as of 31 December 1989 and produced a variety of packaging machines for the food industry. From the 1970s, Nagema (as a combine) also consisted of many subsidiary companies unrelated to food packaging, one of which, Wägetechnik Rapido Radebeul, assisted VEB Robotron in manufacturing Robotron 400 ATM machines for the East German Sparkassen as well as the Staatsbank der DDR in the early-1980s, which were among the first ATM machines to be introduced in East Germany.

See also  
 Theegarten-Pactec

References

Sources 
 industriesourcing.com: "Continuing the work of three generations", 10/16/2010
 Foodstuffs Industry: Nagema, July 13, 2011

Manufacturing companies based in Dresden
Manufacturing companies established in 1948
Defunct manufacturing companies of Germany
1948 establishments in Germany
Companies of East Germany
LARMOR neutron microscope. The LARMOR neutron microscope is a microscope based on the principle of neutron scattering. It is named in honor of Joseph Larmor and the principle of larmor precession that will increase resolution and accuracy. It is located at ISIS Neutron and Muon Source in Oxfordshire.

Description
LARMOR will be used to make high-precision, deep images of physical objects. Since neutrons bear no electrical charge, neutron beams can penetrate deeply into materials. By examining the few interactions that neutrons do have with atoms they encounter and enhancing the imaging using larmor precession, the microscope is predicted to create images with an atom-level resolution. The microscope will allow for observation of magnetic materials, complex liquids and living specimens. An example of application of this research is improved electronics and charge storage in lithium-ion batteries.

LARMOR is a joint project of the Delft University of Technology, the Eindhoven University of Technology, the University of Groningen and the Science and Technology Facilities Council's ISIS Neutron and Muon Source . It is funded jointly by the participating Dutch universities and ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, and the Dutch NWO will contribute 2.3 million Euros. One-third of the microscope's time will be reserved for research from the Netherlands.

See also
Neutron microscope
Larmor precession
Larmor website
ISIS Neutron and Muon Source

References

Microscopes
Science and technology in Oxfordshire
Vale of White Horse
Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence. The Mexican International Conference on Artificial Intelligence (MICAI) is the name of an annual conference covering all areas of Artificial Intelligence (AI), held in Mexico. The first MICAI conference was held in 2000. The conference is attended every year by about two hundred of AI researchers and PhD students and 500−1000 local graduate students.

Overview 
MICAI is a high-level peer-reviewed international conference covering all areas of Artificial Intelligence. All editions of MICAI have been published in Springer Springer LNAI (N 1793, 2313, 2972, 3789, 4293, 4827, 5317, 5845, 6437–6438). Recent MICAI events (2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, and 2010) received over 300 submissions from over 40 countries each. The conference's scientific program includes keynote lectures, paper presentations, tutorials, panels, posters, and workshops. MICAI is organized by the Mexican Society for Artificial Intelligence (SMIA) in cooperation with various national institutions.

Their topics of interest focus on artificial intelligence, its potential applications, and related topics.

Specific MICAI conferences 
In the table below, the figures for the number of accepted papers and acceptance rate refer to the main proceedings volume and do not include supplemental proceedings volumes. The number of countries corresponds to submissions, not to accepted papers.

Keynote speakers and program chairs 
The following persons were honored by being selected by the organizers as keynote speakers or program chairs:

Awards 
The authors of the following papers received the Best Paper Award:

See also 
 The list of computer science conferences contains other academic conferences in computer science.

References

External links 
 MICAI series website
 Mexican Society for Artificial Intelligence (SMIA)

Computer science conferences
Academic conferences
Artificial intelligence conferences
Recurring events established in 2000
Annual events in Mexico
International conferences in Mexico
Trioctylphosphine. Trioctylphosphine is an organophosphorus compound with the formula P(C8H17)3 sometimes abbreviated TOP. It is usually encountered as a syrup.  The compound is colorless.

Reactions
Trioctylphosphine reacts with oxygen to form trioctylphosphine oxide.  For this reason it is usually handled with air-free techniques.

TOP reacts with elemental selenium to give trioctylphosphine selenide (TOPSe), which is a reagent for the preparation of cadmium selenide and related semiconductors.

See also
 Triphenylphosphine
 Trioctylphosphine oxide

References

Phosphines
Electromagnetics (journal). Electromagnetics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that is published by Taylor & Francis. It covers all aspects of electromagnetics and electromagnetic materials. The editor-in-chief is H. Y. David Yang (University of Illinois at Chicago).

Abstracting and indexing
Electromagnetics is abstracted and indexed by:
 Science Citation Index
 Current Contents/Engineering, Computing & Technology
 CSA Electronics & Communications Abstracts 
 Engineering Information 
 CSA Solid State & Superconductivity

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 0.8.

References

External links 
 

Electrical and electronic engineering journals
Electromagnetism journals
Taylor & Francis academic journals
Academic journals established in 1981
English-language journals
8 times per year journals
Northwestern Division. The United States Army Corps of Engineers Northwestern Division (NWD) is one of the eight permanent divisions of the Army organization, providing civil works and military water resource services/infrastructure.  It also supports economically viable and environmentally sustainable watershed management and water resources development in its territory.

The Northwestern Division (NWD), located in Portland, Oregon, stretches from Canada to California, and from the Pacific Ocean across the northern Great Plains to Missouri.  It covers nearly  in all or parts of 12 states:  Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Iowa and Missouri.  NWD has 35% of the total Corps water storage capacity, and produces 75% of the total Corps hydroelectric capacity.

The Division Commander is directly responsible to the Chief of Engineers. The NWD Commander directs and supervises the individual District Commanders.

NWD duties include:

 Preparing engineering studies and design.
 Constructing, operating, and maintaining flood control and river and harbor facilities and installations.
 Administering the laws on civil works activities.
 Acquiring, managing, and disposing of real estate.
 Mobilization support of military, natural disaster, and national emergency operations.

Districts 

The Division's five districts are headquartered in:

 Omaha, Nebraska
 Portland, Oregon
 Seattle, Washington
 Kansas City, Missouri
 Walla Walla, Washington

External links
Northwestern Division

Divisions of the United States Army Corps of Engineers
Military in Oregon