omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Cosmin Alin Popescu. Cosmin Alin Popescu (born March 19, 1974, in Babșa, Timiș County) is a Romanian environmental  scientist, University Professor and Rector of the Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine. Professor Popescu was reelected on January 17, 2020, for another four years as rector.

Biography
After leaving school Popescu studies Natural Science at the Faculty of Agriculture, specialising in environmental engineering (1998–1997). In order to deepen his knowledge of the subject he then took an internship at the University of Rennes in France studying the application of satellites to agricultural technology. There followed further qualifications in Environmental Technology and Cadastral Studies at the West University of Timișoara  where he obtained a doctorate (Dr.-Ing.) and a post at the National Union of Realtors in Timișoara.

Popescu then returned to  the Faculty of agriculture  at Banat University with the Chair of Geodesy and Cadastry, and also as visiting professor at the Polytechnic University of Timișoara. He speaks Italian, French and English, and is a member of numerous professional bodies. He has expertise/experience in university administration, agricultural and environmental engineering, cadastre, urban planning. In February 2016, Popescu was elected rector of USABMT for a period of four years.

References

External links 
 Webpage of the USABTM Timisoara
 CV and Publicationlist of Cosmin Alin Popescu on the Webpage USABTM
Opinia Timisoarei. Rektorat of the USABTM Timisoara 
 Journal of Young Scientist: Mihau Herbei and Cosmin Alin Popescu, Analysis of the Timisoara Region by Satellite Images

1974 births
Living people
People from Timiș County
Romanian environmentalists
Academic staff of the Banat University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine
Romanian agronomists
Rectors of universities in Romania
Academic staff of the Politehnica University of Timișoara
FBR-600. The Fast Breeder Reactor-600 (FBR-600) or Indian Fast Breeder Reactor (IFBR) or Commercial Fast Breeder Reactor (CFBR) is a 600-MWe fast breeder nuclear reactor design presently being designed as part of India's three-stage nuclear power programme to commercialise the Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor built at Kalpakkam. The Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research (IGCAR) is responsible for the design of this reactor as a successor for Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR). The 1st twin unit would come up within the BHAVINI premises at Madras Atomic Power Station at Kalpakkam, close to the PFBR site itself.

Designed to "burn" a mixture of uranium oxide and plutonium oxide to generate 600 MWe of power each, current plans involve building six units, co-locating two at any given place. This arrangement would facilitate cost-rationalisation, using common auxiliaries to serve both reactors.

Core loading of PFBR began on 4 March 2024 in the presence of Prime Minister Narendra Modi and will become operational by end of 2025.

Design features 
According to the research conducted at IGCAR, the improved design concepts indicated significant economic advantages by reducing material inventory by 25%, simplifying fuel handling scheme and by reducing manufacture time with enhanced safety parameters.

Safety features 
CFBR designs mentions a new and improved decay heat removal (DHR) system, reactor shutdown system from its predecessor PFBR. Passive safety features include new hydraulically suspended absorber rods (HSAR) which fall into the core under the influence of gravity if coolant flow is lost, and the inclusion of an ultimate shutdown system (USD) which would use pressurized gas to forcefully inject neutron poisons directly into the core to halt re-criticality incidents.

Reactor fleet

See also 
 Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor
 India's three-stage nuclear power programme
 Advanced heavy-water reactor
 Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
 Fast Breeder Test Reactor
 BHAVINI

References

Liquid metal fast reactors
Nuclear power in India
PERI Institute of Technology. PERI Institute of Technology is an engineering college in West Tambaram, Tamil Nadu, India. The college is affiliated with Anna University, Chennai and has been approved by the All India Council for Technical Education.

History
PERI Institute of Technology was established in 2010 by the PERI Educational and Charitable Trust, PERI Educational and Charitable Trust was founded in 2007.

References

Engineering colleges in Chennai
Colleges affiliated to Anna University
Educational institutions established in 2010
2010 establishments in Tamil Nadu
Mayer's relation. In the 19th century, German chemist and physicist Julius von Mayer derived a relation between the molar heat capacity at constant pressure and the molar heat capacity at constant volume for an ideal gas. Mayer's relation states that

where  is the molar heat at constant pressure,  is the molar heat at constant volume and  is the gas constant.

For more general homogeneous substances, not just ideal gases, the difference takes the form,

(see relations between heat capacities), where  is the molar volume,  is the temperature,  is the thermal expansion coefficient and  is the isothermal compressibility.

From this latter relation, several inferences can be made:
 Since the isothermal compressibility  is positive for nearly all phases, and the square of thermal expansion coefficient  is always either a positive quantity or zero, the specific heat at constant pressure is nearly always greater than or equal to specific heat at constant volume:  There are no known exceptions to this principle for gases or liquids, but certain solids are known to exhibit negative compressibilities  and presumably these would be (unusual) cases where .
 For incompressible substances,  and  are identical. Also for substances that are nearly incompressible, such as solids and liquids, the difference between the two specific heats is negligible.
 As the absolute temperature of the system approaches zero, since both heat capacities must generally approach zero in accordance with the Third Law of Thermodynamics, the difference between  and  also approaches zero. Exceptions to this rule might be found in systems exhibiting residual entropy due to disorder within the crystal.

References 

Thermodynamic equations
Carl Friedrich Claus. Carl Friedrich Claus  (9 November 1827 – 29 August 1900) was a German chemist and inventor. He patented the Claus process.

Life 
Claus was born in Kassel. He studied chemistry at University of Marburg in Germany. He emigrated to England, where he worked as chemist. A British patent for the Claus process was issued to him in 1883. The Claus process is the most significant gas desulfurizing process, recovering elemental sulfur from gaseous hydrogen sulfide. The process was later significantly modified by German company IG Farben His first wife was Mary Claus (born Brown). She died in Wiesbaden, Germany, on 25 April 1880 at the age of almost 55. She had been living in Wiesbaden at least since 1878, and her daughters Elizabeth and Pauline have been with her at least since 1880–81, all three in Paulinenstraße Nr. 6. On 14 June 1900, the widower Claus, age 72, married in Hammersmith in the county of London his second wife, the spinster Caroline Barry. Claus died as a rich man in London in 1900.

External links 
 Researchgate.net: Carl Friedrich Claus

References 

19th-century German chemists
19th-century German inventors
University of Marburg alumni
1827 births
1900 deaths
Scientists from Kassel
Boomer Jones. Boomer Jones was a 1950 radio show produced by the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers (IAM) which first aired coast to coast on the Mutual Network on September 3, 1950, the day before Labor Day.  The show lasted approximately 30 minutes and was followed by a speech from Al Hayes, who was, at the time, the International President of the IAM.

Boomer Jones was written by Morton Wishengrad and directed by Mel Ferrer. Major roles were played by three of the top Hollywood stars of the time: William Holden, Marie McDonald, and Brian Donlevy who all donated their time and talent.

The radio program was the first of its kind ever attempted by a trade union and told the story of the old-time "boomers" (union organizers) who helped build one of the largest industrial trade unions in American history. Production of Boomer Jones required eight months of research into the early years of the IAM to make the final production as accurate as possible.

References

1950s American radio programs
American radio dramas
ANNA 1B. ANNA 1B (acronym for "Army, Navy, NASA, Air Force") was a United States satellite launched on October 31, 1962, from Cape Canaveral, on a Thor-Ablestar rocket.

Features

ANNA 1B's predecessor launched on May 10, 1962, but failed to reach orbit.

ANNA 1B was a US Navy geodetic satellite launched from Cape Canaveral by a Thor Able Star rocket. The mission profile involved ANNA serving as a reference for making precise geodetic surveys, allowing measurement of the force and direction of the gravity field of Earth, locating the middle of land masses and establishing surface positions.

ANNA 1B was spherically shaped with a diameter of 0.91 meters and a weight of 161 kg. It was powered by a band of solar cells around its equator supported by nickel-cadmium batteries. A communications antenna was wrapped around the spiral surface of the satellite.

The ship's instrumentation included optical systems, radio location, and Doppler radar. The optical system consists of a high intensity beacon which transmits a series of five flashes with a period of 5.6 seconds. This allowed one to accurately measure land masses by ground-to-sky satellite photographs (optical tracking or stellar triangulation). The Doppler radar system could also be programmed from the ground control station allowing geopositioning with an accuracy of 20 meters or less.

References

Bibliography
 Bramschere, Robert G (1980). "A Survey of Launch Vehicle Failures". Spaceflight 22: 351.

External links
 NASA/MOTS OPTICAL OBSERVATIONS OF THE ANNA IB SATELLITE. (PDF)

1962 in spaceflight
Geodetic satellites
Satellites of the United States
ATS-2. ATS-2 (Applications Technology Satellite) was a communications satellite launched by NASA on April 6, 1967, on an Atlas-Agena D rocket from Cape Canaveral.

Objectives 

The ATS-2 had the following objectives: test new concepts in spacecraft design, propulsion and stabilization; capture high quality images of cloud cover; collect data measurements in an aerospace environment; and test improved communication systems.

Features 

The satellite had a cylindrical shape with a  diameter and a height of . After including the motor cover, the satellite was about  tall. The surface of the satellite was covered by solar panels, and it utilized gravity-gradient stabilization for control.

Experiments 

The following 12 experiments were conducted:

 Radio astronomy
 Magnetospheric electric fields
 Electron magnetic spectrometer deflection
 Particle telescope
 Omnidirectional proton and electron detectors
 Very low frequency (VLF) receiver
 Earth's albedo (DoD)
 Microwave communication transponder (Hughes Co.)
 Gravity-Gradient Stabilization (General Electric Co)
 Advanced Vidicon Camera System (AVCS)
 Thermal coating degradation
 Solar cell degradation

Mission 
The launch of ATS-2 went entirely according to plan up to the first Agena burn. When the second burn was initiated, the Agena engine failed to restart and thus the satellite could not be placed in the correct orbit. Postflight investigation found that the oxidizer isolation valve had failed to close after the first burn. This valve was supposed to prevent propellant from escaping the tanks and filling the turbopump during the coasting phase, but since it remained open, the pump developed vapor lock and thus it became impossible to pump oxidizer in. A small amount of impulse was generated by the gas generator igniter cartridge. The low periapsis of the orbit caused the satellite to tumble more than the stabilization system could compensate, which complicated its mission. The satellite still produced some usable data from the experiments, most notably those regarding cosmic rays and particles. It reentered the atmosphere on September 2, 1969.

References

External links 

 ATS, Past NASA Missions
 ATS, NASA Science Missions

1967 in spaceflight
NASA satellites orbiting Earth
Applications Technology Satellites
ATS-4. ATS-4 (Applications Technology Satellite) also known as ATS-D was a communications satellite launched by NASA on August 10, 1968 from Cape Canaveral through an Atlas-Centaur (AC-17) rocket.

Objectives
The objective of ATS-4 was to investigate the possibilities of a gravity gradient stabilization system (the method of stabilizing artificial satellites).

Features
The satellite has a cylindrical shape with a  diameter and  height (about  considering the motor cover) with the surface covered by solar panels that generated a maximum of 350 W of power, and stabilized by gravity gradient. It was based on the Hughes Aircraft HS-306 bus.

Instruments
A total of four experiments were conducted during the mission:

 Microwave Transponder
 Gravity Gradient Stabilization
 Image Orthicon (Day/Night) Camera
 Ion Thruster

Mission
The Atlas and Centaur stages performed satisfactorily and placed the Centaur/ATS-4 in an elliptical parking orbit. However the Centaur stage failed to re-ignite after a 61-minute coast. The failure was determined to be freezing of the hydrogen peroxide supply lines to the Centaur engines.

High atmospheric drag due to the low altitude of the achieved orbit (186 km perigee) precipitated the orbital decay of the spacecraft. ATS-4 still achieved good results in some of the experiments, but the primary objective of achieving gravity gradient stabilization of a satellite was not reached. 

ATS-4 reentered the atmosphere on 17 October 1968.

References

External links
 ATS, Past NASA Missions
 ATS, NASA Science Missions

1968 in spaceflight
Applications Technology Satellites
First law of thermodynamics (fluid mechanics). In physics, the first law of thermodynamics is an expression of the conservation of total energy of a system. The increase of the energy of a system is equal to the sum of work done on the system and the heat added to that system:

where
  is the total energy of a system.
  is the work done on it.
  is the heat added to that system.

In fluid mechanics, the first law of thermodynamics takes the following form:

where
  is the  Cauchy stress tensor.
  is the flow velocity.
 and  is the heat flux vector.

Because it expresses conservation of total energy, this is sometimes referred to as the energy balance equation of continuous media. The first law is used to derive the non-conservation form of the Navier–Stokes equations.

Note

Where
  is the pressure
  is the identity matrix
  is the deviatoric stress tensor

That is, pulling is positive stress and pushing is negative stress.

Compressible fluid 

For a compressible fluid the left hand side of equation becomes:

because in general

Integral form 

That is, the change in the internal energy of the substance within a volume is the negative of the amount carried out of the volume by the flow of material across the boundary plus the work done compressing the material on the boundary minus the flow of heat out through the boundary. More generally, it is possible to incorporate source terms.

Alternative representation 

where  is specific enthalpy,  is dissipation function and  is temperature. And where
 
i.e. internal energy per unit volume equals mass density times the sum of: proper energy per unit mass, kinetic energy per unit mass, and gravitational potential energy per unit mass.

 
i.e. change in heat per unit volume (negative divergence of heat flow) equals the divergence of heat conductivity times the gradient of the temperature.

 
i.e. divergence of work done against stress equals flow of material times divergence of stress plus stress times divergence of material flow.

 
i.e. stress times divergence of material flow equals deviatoric stress tensor times divergence of material flow minus pressure times material flow.

 
i.e. enthalpy per unit mass equals proper energy per unit mass plus pressure times volume per unit mass (reciprocal of mass density).

Alternative form data 

  left hand side of Navier–Stokes equations minus body force (per unit volume) acting on fluid.
  this relation is derived using this relationship  which is alternative form of continuity equation

See also

 Clausius–Duhem inequality
 Continuum mechanics
 First law of thermodynamics
 Material derivative
 Incompressible flow

References

Thermodynamics
Fluid mechanics
Aerospace Research Institute. The Aerospace Research Institute (ARI) () is a public advanced research institute founded in 1999 in Tehran, Iran.

This institute engages in scientific research in affiliation with the Iranian Space Research Center.
Designing, manufacturing and launching four generations of space sounding rockets (eight sounding payloads)
Manufacturing and testing  the cold gas propulsion system
Identification of standards used in the designing, manufacturing and testing of space equipment
Designing and manufacturing the fixed flight simulator for the "Iran-140" airliner
Codification of the  national comprehensive document for aerospace development
Designing and construction of  the microgravity simulator
Conceptual design of an orbiting spacecraft carrying the living organism
 Aerospace applications in environmental studies and environmental remote sensing

Furthermore, more than 500 completed and 156 ongoing research projects are being carried out currently, entitled:

Designing, construction and testing the first generation of suborbital crewed spacecraft
Telemetry conceptual design for the altitude of 250  km
Designing, manufacturing and testing the recovery system for a 500 kg payload

References 

Educational institutions established in 1999
Research institutes in Iran
Space program of Iran
Science and technology in Iran
Scientific organisations based in Iran
1999 establishments in Iran
Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics. The Czech Institute of Informatics, Robotics and Cybernetics (, CIIRC) was established as a part of the Czech Technical University in Prague on July 1, 2013. In the premises of the CTU in Dejvice there has been two new buildings for CIIRC built since November 2013. CIIRC will reside in a new building, which used to serve as a Technical University canteen and one of the biggest Billa hypermarkets.

CIIRC consists of eight research departments,  CYPHY: Cyber-physical systems, INTSYS: Intelligent systems, IIG: Industrial informatics, RMP: Robotics and machine perception, IPA: Industrial production and automation, COGSYS: Cognitive systems and neurosciences, BEAT: Biomedical engineering and Assistive technologies, PLAT: Research Management of Platforms. The head of CIIRC is Ondřej Velek.

References

External links
 Website

Information science
Robotics organizations
Cybernetics
Education in the Czech Republic
2013 establishments in the Czech Republic
Artificial intelligence laboratories
Scalasca. Scalasca is a free and open-source software for measurement, analysis, and optimization of parallel program performance. It is licensed under the BSD-style license.

Scalasca is mostly used for profiling scientific and engineering applications using OpenMP and/or MPI. It supports runtime analysis on supercomputers. The application being analysed needs first of all to be "instrumented": MPI usage is instrumented simply by linking the application to the measuring library, while OpenMP usage is instrumented by recompiling from source using Scalasca's modified compiler.

References

External links 
 Official website

Profilers
Software using the BSD license
Parallel computing
Free software programmed in C
Free software programmed in C++
Darius Adamczyk. Darius Adamczyk (born February 8, 1966) is a Polish-American businessman. He is the chairman (and former CEO) of Honeywell, an American multinational conglomerate.

Early life and education
Adamczyk was born in Poland on February 8, 1966, and immigrated to the US at the age of 11, speaking no English. His family settled in Grand Rapids, Michigan. He went to Michigan State University to study electrical and computer engineering, where he received his bachelor's degree. He received a master's degree in computer engineering from Syracuse University, and an MBA from Harvard University.

Career
Adamczyk started his career with General Electric in 1988, as an electrical engineer. He later spent four years at Booz Allen Hamilton, a consulting firm, followed by positions at Ingersoll-Rand PLC and Metrologic.

In 2008, Adamczyk was CEO of Metrologic Inc when Honeywell purchased the holding company for $720 million. After the purchase, Adamczyk joined Honeywell's executive team. He became president of Honeywell Process Solutions in 2012. After two years in this role, he then became president and CEO of Honeywell Performance Materials and Technologies in 2014. 
  
In June 2016, it was announced that David M. Cote would step down as CEO of Honeywell at the end of March 2017 and Adamczyk would succeed him. Cote continued as executive chairman through April 2018, when he stepped down and Adamczyk was elected chairman.  

Fortune Magazine reported on Adamczyk’s leadership style, "Adamczyk used a similar strategy in his various roles: apply analytical rigor to identify areas of potential growth, chop deadweight, and lean into software and automation." After assuming his post, Adamczyk ordered a comprehensive portfolio review process that included input from industry experts and stakeholders. The company announced two major divestments that represented about $7.5 billion in revenues. The company also became the first major American public company to disclose its ratio of CEO pay to median employee. Adamczyk is also noted for building on the company's Sentience platform and expanded it into Honeywell Forge, a cloud-based IoT platform and product development framework for the development of scalable software.

Awards and memberships
The Carnegie Corporation of New York honored Adamczyk with 2019 Great Immigrant Award. Adamczyk was awarded the Foreign Policy Association’s Corporate Social Responsibility Award. He is a member of The Business Roundtable, The Business Council, and Council on Foreign Relations. President Trump selected Adamczyk to join the Great American Economic Revival Industry Groups.

On June 1, 2023 Adamczyk became Executive Chairman of Honeywell and was succeeded by Vimal Kapur as CEO.

See also

 List of chief executive officers

References

External links
Official Honeywell page

1966 births
Living people
American chief executives of Fortune 500 companies
Honeywell people
Harvard Business School alumni
Michigan State University alumni
Syracuse University College of Engineering and Computer Science alumni
Polish emigrants to the United States