omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
W. B. W. Howe Jr.. For the Episcopal bishop see William B. W. Howe, father of this architect

William Bell White Howe, Jr.  (1851 – 1912), who used his first three initials and last name, was an architect in Charleston, South Carolina. He was chief engineer for branches of the Charleston & Savannah Railway and the Savannah, Florida and Western Railway. A residence and a residential complex he designed in Charleston are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP). He was also involved in the design of the Jacksonville Terminal Complex (Union Station).

He was the son of the Episcopal bishop William B. W. Howe.

He co-patented an automatic air brake design in 1885.

The home he built for himself was in Flat Rock, Henderson County, North Carolina, and is now part of the Flat Rock Historic District. He lived in Flat Rock when he expressed interest in work on Jacksonville, Florida's Union Station.

Works
Charles Drayton House (1886) NRHP listed
Poppenheim Hardware Store (1891)
William Enston Home, a complex of teo-story brick cottages at 900 King Street, NRHP listed
Union Station (1919), Beaux-arts, Kenneth M. Murchison and W.B.W. Howe NRHP listed as Jacksonville Terminal Complex, 1000 W. Bay St. Jacksonville, FL
St. Philips, local superintending architect
St. Jude's Church, Walterboro, consecrated by his father
Sagilla River railroad bridge
St. Michael's Episcopal Church restoration, one of the architects

References

1851 births
1912 deaths
Timeout Detection and Recovery. Timeout Detection and Recovery or TDR is a feature of the Windows operating system (OS) introduced in Windows Vista. It detects response problems from a graphics card (GPU), and if a timeout occurs, the OS will attempt a card reset to recover a functional and responsive desktop environment. However, if the attempt was unsuccessful, it results in the Blue Screen of Death (BSOD). The recovery tries to mitigate the scenario where an end user superfluously reboots their device should it become unresponsive.

Timeline
When the GPU takes more than the allotted time to process a request, the system's GPU scheduler will pick up the anomaly. It then tries to preempt the particular task, this operation has the TDR timeout which is 2 seconds by default.

Once the timeout is up and the task is not completed or preempted, the kernel determines that the GPU is frozen and proceeds to inform the respective driver about the detected timeout. It is then the driver's responsibility to properly reset and reinitialize the underlying GPU.

The OS will then do a bunch of other recovery steps needed for the system to regain responsiveness. If the entire operation was successful, the end user might see some visual artefacts and a message will be shown on the screen describing what had happened ("Display driver stopped responding and has recovered."), else a BSOD might ensue.

Possible causes
There are multiple probable causes should a recovery fail, causing an inevitable BSOD:
 Outdated drivers
 GPU/Hardware issue
 Overloading the GPU
 Corrupted application/system files/driver

BSOD stop codes
Possible BSOD stop codes emitted if the attempted recovery failed:
 VIDEO_TDR_FAILURE (Bug check value: 0x116), recovery and resetting of display driver from a TDR timeout failed.

See also
Windows Display Driver Model
Display driver
DirectX
Vulkan

References

Further reading
Timeout Detection & Recovery (TDR) Nvidia
 TDR in Windows 8 and later - Windows drivers | Microsoft Learn
 Thread Synchronization and TDR - Windows drivers | Microsoft Learn

Microsoft Windows
Hussein Arnous. Hussein Arnous (; born 1953) is a former Syrian politician who served as prime minister of Syria from 11 June 2020 to 14 September 2024. Arnous's appointment was announced by state media shortly after it was reported that President Bashar al-Assad had fired previous prime minister Imad Khamis amid a worsening economic crisis.

Early life and education 
Arnous was born in the village of Al-Tah in the Ma'arrat al-Nu'man District, Idlib. In 1978, he earned a degree in civil engineering from the University of Aleppo.

Career 
After graduating from university, Arnous worked with the Idlib Engineering Syndicate. From 1992 to 2002, he managed the General Company for Roads and Bridges. In 2004, Arnous was selected to serve as executive director of the General Establishment for Road Transport. He then served as governor of Deir ez-Zor and Quneitra governorates. In 2014, Arnous was included on a list of Syrian government ministers barred from entering the United States or European Union.

Arnous served as Minister of Public Works and Housing from 2013 until 2018 and as Minister of Water Resources since 26 November 2018.

Arnous was confirmed by President Assad to be the prime minister of a new government on 30 August 2020. He took the oath of office three days later. He formed a new government in August 2021 after the presidential election in May 2021.

References 

1953 births
University of Aleppo alumni
Living people
Members of the Regional Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region
People from Idlib Governorate
Prime ministers of Syria
Water ministers of Syria
Syrian Sunni Muslims
21st-century Syrian politicians
Governors of Quneitra
Governors of Deir ez-Zor
Uttarakhand Metro. The Uttarakhand Metro is a light rapid transit system proposed for the city of Dehradun, India. The Unified Metropolitan Transport Authority (UMTA) approved 73 km long DeharadunHaridwarRishikesh Metro Rail corridor in Uttarakhand in June 2020.The project will be executed by the Uttarakhand Metro Rail Corporation Limited (UkMRC), a special purpose vehicle and venture of the Government of Uttarakhand. The first phase, or Line-1, will be 32 km long with 10 stations, starting near the Jatwara Bridge in Jwalapur (western Haridwar), running parallel to the NH-34 Haridwar-Rishikesh highway, and ending at Rishikesh’s Chandrabhaga Bridge. The second phase, or Line-2, will be 41 km long, following National Highway-7 from Nepali Farm to Dehradun’s Inter-State Bus Terminal (ISBT) via the Vidhan Sabha. The estimated cost of the project would be  40,150 crore.

Network 
The Dehradun-Haridwar-Rishikesh Metro project is a 73 km long metro corridor that will be developed in two phases: Phase 1 involves a 32 km metro line from Haridwar to Rishikesh, featuring ten stations, and starting near the Jatwara Bridge in Jwalapur (western Haridwar), running parallel to the NH-34 Haridwar-Rishikesh highway, and ending at Rishikesh’s Chandrabhaga Bridge. Phase 2 covers a 41 km route with a 10 km metro track within Dehradun city, and following National Highway-7 from Nepali Farm to Dehradun’s Inter-State Bus Terminal (ISBT) via the Vidhan Sabha.

See also 
 Char Dham Railway
 Rishikesh–Karnaprayag Railway
 Urban rail transit in India
 Kolkata Metro
 Delhi Metro

References

External links 

 Uttarakhand Metro Rail Corporation

Proposed transport infrastructure in India
Proposed infrastructure in Uttarakhand
Transport in Dehradun
Sha Aimin. Sha Aimin is currently the President of Chang'an University, China and a professor of highway engineering.

Early life
Sha was born in Xuancheng, Anhui, China in 1964. He completed his Ph.D. in transportation engineering from Kharkiv National Highway Automotive Technology University, Ukraine.

Career
From 2006-2017, Sha was a deputy president of Chang'an University. In 2019, he was appointed president. His research is related to highway engineering and he has published several papers on this subject. He is Vice Chairman of Road Engineering Branch of China Highway Society and a Director of the Academic Committee of the World Transport Congress (WTC).

References

1964 births
Living people
21st-century Chinese educators
BAE Fast Interceptor Craft. The BAE Systems Fast Interceptor Craft is a stealthy boat used by the Special Boat Service. The builder offers it in several configurations, the 33, 40 and 180 versions. There are a variety of propulsion types available, including both inboard and outboard engines with surface drives or water jets.
The boats are air portable in Hercules, C-17 and A400M aircraft.

References

Military boats
Special forces of the United Kingdom
Royal Marines
Special Boat Service
Amphibious warfare vessels of the United Kingdom
Simone Resta. Simone Resta (born 14 September 1970) is an Italian engineer who currently works as the strategic development director for Mercedes-AMG F1 Team. He previously worked at Scuderia Ferrari from 2001 to 2018, and from 2019 to 2020, as a senior design engineer, head of the R&D department, deputy chief design director and from 2014 to 2018, as Chief Designer, and later for Haas F1 Team as the technical director from 2021 to 2024.

Career
Resta obtained the master's degree in mechanical engineering at the University of Bologna in 1995, and worked for Minardi in the research and development department since 1998.

In 2001, he moved to Scuderia Ferrari as a senior design engineer. In 2006, he became the head of the research and development department before being promoted to the deputy chief design director in 2012. In 2014, he was appointed by Sergio Marchionne as the team's new chief designer.

On 28 May 2018, Resta left Ferrari to join Alfa Romeo (then known as Sauber), working as the team's technical director. However, he returned to Ferrari on 1 August 2019.

Resta moved to Haas F1 Team for the 2021 Formula One season, as part of a tightening in the technological relationship between Haas and Ferrari. Following the departure of Guenther Steiner in January 2024, Resta also left the team.

On 20 March, Resta was announced to be joining Mercedes-AMG Petronas F1 Team as a strategic development director. This move reunited him with James Allison, who previously was Resta's technical director in Ferrari.

References

1970 births
Living people
Ferrari people
Formula One designers
Italian automotive engineers
Italian motorsport people
People from Imola
University of Bologna alumni
Alfa Romeo people
Haas F1 Team
Upwards exposed uses. In compiler theory, upwards exposed uses or reachable uses are all uses of a variable that are reachable from a point in the program. A use of variable is a point or statement where that variable is referenced (read) but not changed. A use of a variable A is reachable from a point p if there exists a control-flow path in the control-flow graph from p to the use with not definition of A on the path.

A reachable uses analysis is a data-flow analysis to calculate all reachable uses of a program. It is very similar to the liveness analysis. A variable is live in a point in the program if it has one or more reachable uses. Compared to the liveness analysis, reachable uses analysis provides additional information where the variable is used.

Uses 
Upwards exposed uses occurs in the copy propagation stage of program compilation. During the copy propagation stage, instances of a target are replaced with assignments to their values. During this process, it is necessary for the compiler to understand which instances of a target are being accessed so that appropriate substitution may occur, related to the concept of reaching definition in reaching analysis. This is done with the purpose of simplifying code before execution: if the number of upwards exposed uses of an assignment is zero, it does not contribute to the end result of the code and can be safely removed. This is also useful for improving code security during the compilation stages.

Example 
Consider the following pseudocode:
x = 1
y = z

if False:
    x = 0
else:
    x = y + 2
It is safe to assume that line 5 will never occur, as demonstrated by the number of upwards exposed uses for this point being zero. This can therefore be simplified:
y = z
x = z + 2

This leads to a result that is less complex to compile and more efficient to run. This also meets the definition of reaching definition: In this context, upwards flow analysis was the technique used to demonstrate the needs for reaching definition. Additional techniques allow for more complex analysis of more deeply intertwined or complex control flow problems, such as those with various forms of loops.

See also 
 Dead code elimination
 Reaching definition
 Live-variable analysis

References 

Compiler theory
Compiler optimizations
Data-flow analysis
Watkins Skylark. The Watkins Skylark was an American low-wing, cantilever two-seater designed for private and club use. A large anticipated production run in 1930 ended early when the company collapsed in the Great Depression, with only five or six registered.

Design and development

The Skylark, designed by Chester Cummings,  was a cantilever, low wing, monoplane with wings tapered in plan out to semi-elliptical tips. They were built around twin box spars and were fabric covered.

The prototype, type SL-1, was powered by a  Velie M-5 engine but this was replaced in production SL-2s by a  LeBlond 60-5D. Both were five cylinder radial engines. Behind the engine the fuselage was a steel tube structure with fabric covering, flat-sided but with raised, rounded decking. The Skylark had two open cockpits in tandem, one close to the leading edge and the other over the rear of the wing.

The fuselage tapered rearwards to a conventional, angular tail. Its tailplane and elevators were together trapezoidal in plan. The fin had a cropped triangular profile and carried a rectangular, balanced rudder.

The Skylark had conventional landing gear with its mainwheels on split axles mounted, like the forward drag struts, on the lower fuselage longerons. Its shock absorbing legs were on the forward wing spars near the roots.

Operational history

The prototype Skylark was first flown in 1929, though the date is not known. By October 1929 an agreement had been signed between Watkins Aircraft and Steel Inc., a Los Angeles steel exporter, for the construction of 330 Skylarks with deliveries beginning 1 January 1930. These plans were rapidly abandoned as the depression deepened in 1930 and only five or six were completed.

Variants
 SL-1 Skylark Prototype with  Velie M-5 five cylinder radial engine. One only.
 SL-2 Skylark Production aircraft, with  LeBlond 60-5D five cylinder radial engines. At least five built.

Specifications (SL-2 Skylark )

References

Single-engined tractor aircraft
Low-wing aircraft
1920s United States sport aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 1929
Contact region. A Contact Region is a concept in robotics which describes the region between an object and a robot’s end effector. This is used in object manipulation planning, and with the addition of sensors built into the manipulation system, can be used to produce a surface map or contact model of the object being grasped.

In Robotics 
For a robot to autonomously grasp an object, it is necessary for the robot to have an understanding of its own construction and movement capabilities (described through the math of inverse kinematics), and an understanding of the object to be grasped. The relationship between these two is described through a contact model, which is a set of the potential points of contact between the robot and the object being grasped. This, in turn, is used to create a more concrete mathematical representation of the grasp to be attempted, which can then be computed through path planning techniques and executed.

In Mathematics 
Depending on the complexity of the end effector, or through usage of external sensors such as a Lidar or Depth camera,  a more complex model of the planes involved in the object being grasped can be produced. In particular, sensors embedded in the fingertips of an end effector have been demonstrated to be an effective approach for producing a surface map from a given contact region. Through knowledge of the robot's position of each individual finger, the location of the sensors in each finger, and the amount of force being exerted by the object onto each sensor, points of contact can be calculated. These points of contact can then be turned into a three-dimensional ellipsis, producing a surface map of the object.

Applications
In hand manipulation is a typical use case. A robot hand interacts with static and deformable objects, described with soft-body dynamics. Sometimes, additional tools has to be controlled by the robot hand for example a screwdriver. Such interaction produces a complex situation in which the robot hand has similar contact points with the tool.

Apart from robotics control, tactile models are calculated in virtual environments. If a human operator touches with a data glove on an object, he produces a heatmap on the contact points with the object. This surface can be displayed in realtime and allows a better understanding of motion models.

References 

Object manipulation

Robotics engineering
Tuting Advanced Landing Ground. Tuting Advanced Landing Ground  is an Indian Air Force airstrip located at Tuting in Upper Siang district of Arunachal Pradesh, India on the banks of River Siang. NH-913 Arunachal Frontier Highway will pass through Jido suburb of Tuting immediately south of the airstrip.

History

The airstrip was used during 1962 Indo-China War and was abandoned later. In 2008 plan to review the airstrip was approved and in 2016 the airstrip was reviewed with new runway and allied facilities as an Indian Airforce Advanced Landing Ground. The airstrip is used for bring in vital supplies from Assam via aircraft and helicopters.

See also

 Indo-China Border Roads
 List of Indian Air Force stations
 Sino-Indian border dispute

References

Upper Siang district
Airports in Arunachal Pradesh
Indian Air Force bases
Airports with year of establishment missing
Anton Banko. Anton Banko (August 26, 1927 – May 16, 1986) was a Slovenian inventor and engineer who is best known for designing the first phacoemulsifier.

Banko established Surgical Design Corporation in New York in 1968 which produced a variety of successful phacoemulsification machines that are used worldwide.

Banko also developed  patents used in ocular surgery including an instrument for vitrectomy that he patented in 1969.  After that, a combined Mackool/Heslin Ocusystem machine was designed

References

Yugoslav engineers
1927 births
1986 deaths
Slovenian engineers
Sikta Irrigation Project. Sikta Irrigation Project is one of the National Pride Projects of Nepal. The intake is in the Rapti river in western Nepal. There are two canals with the capacity of 50 m3/s each. The length of canal is 45.25 kilometres in the western section and 53 kilometres in the eastern section. The canals are constituted into 3 phases. As of 2019, 60% of the project has been completed.

Project Development
The feasibility study of the project was done by Lahmeyer International GmbH from Germany in 1980. In 1983, the Department of Hydrology and Metrology revised the study. In 2004, the Irrigation Development Programme under the European Union concluded that the project is feasible which led the government to start the project by its own resources.

The initial project cost in 2005-06 was NPR 12.8 billion and estimated to be completed by 2014–15. The project is still under construction and is estimated to be complete by 2020. The project is expected to rise to NPR 25.02 billion. In 2019, the project completion was 60%.

The contractor for construction is CTC Kalika Joint Venture Pvt Ltd. The project targets to irrigate 42,000 hectares of land in Banke District.

Damages and Accidents
 In 2016, a canal section collapsed due to weak soil properties during testing at the flow of 5m³/s.
 In September 2017, damages were reported in multiple section of the canal. The damage was due to cross-drainage problem in the canal. Most of the damage were found near the siphon areas.
In 2018, damages in canal were reported during testing.

Corruption
The national Commission for Investigation of Abuse of Authority (CIAA) has lodged a corruption case of over NPR 2 billion in this project. The case was filed against former minister and chief of Kalika Construction Bikram Pandey over the construction of a canal and 20 other staffs. CIAA has made claims of Rs 2.13 billion from Bikram Pandey, NPR 1.56 billion from Dilip Bahadur Karki and NPR 593.45 million from Saroj Chandra Pandit. It also claims Rs 24.05 million from Uddhav Raj Chaulagai, the managing director of the consulting company (ERMC).

See also 

 Department of Water Resources and Irrigation

References

Irrigation projects
Agriculture in Nepal
Canals in Nepal
National Pride Projects
Buildings and structures in Banke District
National Pride Projects. National Pride Projects are a set of infrastructure projects by the government of Nepal based on the proposal by the National Planning Commission.

Projects
Irrigation Projects
 Babai Irrigation Project 
 Bheri Babai Diversion Multipurpose Project 
 Mahakali Irrigation Project 
 Rani Jamara Kulariya Irrigation Project 
 Sikta Irrigation Project 
 Sunkoshi Marin Diversion Project
Hydroelectric Projects
 Budhigandaki Hydroelectric Project
 Upper Tamakoshi Hydroelectric Project
 West Seti Hydropower Project
International Airports
 Gautam Buddha International Airport
 Pokhara International Airport
 Nijgadh International Airport
Tourism
 Pashupati Area Development Project
 Lumbini Area Development Project
Transport
 Mid-Hills Pushpalal Highway
 Terai Hulaki Marg
 North-South Koshi Corridor
 North-South Kaligandaki Corridor
 North-South Karnali Corridor
 Kathmandu-Terai Expressway
 East-West Railway
Sports
 Gautam budha international Cricket stadium
 Mulpani Cricket Stadium
 Girija Prasad Koirala Cricket Stadium
Others
 Melamchi Water Supply Project
 President Chure-Terai Madhesh Conservation Area Program

Progress
 Progress 2015
Progress 2020

References

Proposed infrastructure
Nepal-related lists
Infrastructure in Nepal
Alén Space. Alén Space is a Spanish company in the NewSpace sector, located in Vigo (Galicia, Spain). Alén Space designs, constructs, and develops software and hardware for artificial satellites. Since 2008, the company builds nanosatellites below CubeSat requirements.

History 
Alén Space was established in 2007 through a joint initiative between the Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA) and those interested in launching a miniature satellite or nano-satellite for use in Internet of Things (IoT) applications, Aircraft Surveillance, and advanced Signals Intelligence (SIGINT), which makes it possible to analyse electromagnetic spectrum and to identify signals originating in the Earth and outer-space. Thanks to this initiative, the Strategic Aerospace Group of the University of Vigo was founded. It is made up of a team from various departments and led by Fernando Aguado. The design and manufacture of Xatcobeo began in 2012, which went on to become the first Spanish nano-satellite.

The Humsat-D satellite] was launched in 2013, and the Serpens, launched in 2015, in collaboration with the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA) and by the European Space Agency (ESA).

In 2017, with the funding of the Ignacia Program of the Galician Innovation Agency (GAIN) of the Xunta de Galicia, the aerospace company Alén Space was founded as a university spin-off.

In 2018, it became of the 100 most-important startups of 2018 according to the South Summit organisation, and won the Cinco Días award for innovation.

In 2019, it received a €1 million investment round from CDTI and BeAble Capital.

In 2020, it was chosen as Best Space Startup at the South Europe Startup Awards (SESA).

In 2020, Sateliot, a satellite telecommunications operator, under a 5G architecture, announced an alliance with Alén Space. The alliance helped develop the payload of its first nano-satellites. The aim was to make the first launch in late 2020. It will incorporate this nano-satellite consisting of an SDR (Software Defined Radio) card, where the received signals are processed and signals to be sent are generated so that they are transmitted to the ground. In addition to a radio frequency conditioning plate and a usable antenna that will allow communication with terrestrial devices.

Developed satellites 
 Xatcobeo (2012)
 Humsat-D (2013)
 DustCube (2015–16)
 Serpens (2015)
 Lume-1 (2018)

References 

Space program of Spain
Companies based in Galicia (Spain)
Spacecraft manufacturers
Aerospace companies of Spain
University spin-offs