omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
David E. Carlson. David E. Carlson was an American physicist who invented thin film, amorphous silicon based, photovoltaic solar cells.

Early life and career
David Carlson received his B.S. in physics from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) in 1963, and his Ph.D. in physics from Rutgers University in 1968. Having participated in the ROTC Program at RPI, Carlson entered the Army upon graduation, and saw combat in Pleiku, Vietnam. He left the armed service with the rank of Captain. Carlson also worked as a Research and Development Physicist at the U.S. Army Nuclear Effects Laboratory in 1968 and 1969. In 1970, Carlson joined RCA Laboratories as a member of the technical staff and worked in the areas of ion motion in glasses and insulators, glow-discharge deposition of films, and thin-film photovoltaic devices.
In 1976, Carlson and Christopher Wronski co-invented the hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) solar cell. This development in solar energy led to world-wide efforts in applied and fundamental research of amorphous silicon-based technologies. In 1982 an RCA group led by A. Catalano demonstrated an amorphous silicon solar cell in excess of the 10% conversion efficiency considered a requirement for commercial success.
In 1983, RCA spun off its amorphous silicon solar cell technology to the Solarex Corporation. Carlson and a group of scientists from RCA co-founded the Solarex Thin Film Division in Newtown, PA. Carlson became the deputy general manager and director of research of the Solarex Thin Film Division. In 1986, he received the Clark Award in Physics from the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia. In 1999, Solarex joined with BP to become BP Solarex, and then eventually BP Solar. Carlson retired in 2002. He died on October 16, 2019.

Awards and recognition
RCA Outstanding Achievement Award
Ross Coffin Purdy Award of The American Ceramics Society
Morris N. Liebmann and William R. Cherry Awards from The Institute of Electronics and Electrical Engineering
Walton Clark Medal from The Franklin Institute
Karl W. Boer Solar Energy Medal of Merit

Publications
Carlson has more than 90 technical publications and over 30 US patents.

References

1942 births
2019 deaths
Scientists from Massachusetts
People from Weymouth, Massachusetts
American inventors
20th-century American physicists
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute alumni
Rutgers University alumni
21st-century American physicists
Julie McCann. Julie Ann McCann is a Northern Irish computer scientist who is a professor at Imperial College London. She is the leader of the Adaptive Emergent Systems Engineering. She is a Fellow of the British Computer Society and was awarded the Suffrage Science award in 2018.

Early life and education 
As a teenager, McCann became interested in electronic music, particularly listening to Kraftwerk and Karlheinz Stockhausen. She lived close to the Armagh Planetarium in Armagh. She joined Ulster University for her academic studies, working toward a bachelor's and doctorate in computer science. She completed her doctorate in 1992.

Research and career 
McCann develops spatial computing and wireless communications, which combine information from their environments with their digital components. Her group investigate convergence and anarchical spatial computing systems. To better understand this, she uses established understanding from systems beyond computing infrastructure (e.g. economics, biology, physics). She combines decentralised algorithms and protocols using low-powered sensing devices. These devices are very small and communicate with one another via radio signals.

McCann joined Imperial College London in 2002 from City, University of London. She works on Adaptive Emergent Systems Engineering. Her interests lie in harnessing the various interactions between the cyber and physical to improve performance, resilience and to make secure. She oversees the Alan Turing Institute Resilient and Robust Infrastructure challenge.

McCann leads the National Research Foundation Singapore Eco Cities initiative. McCann also serves as deputy director of the PETRAS National Centre of Excellence.

Awards and honours 
 2018 Suffrage Science award
 2022 Turing Talk

Selected publications 
Her publications include:

References 

British computer scientists
Fellows of the British Computer Society
Alumni of Imperial College London
Academics of City, University of London
Academics of Imperial College London
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Alumni of Ulster University
Scientists from County Armagh
Rafael de Mestre. Rafael de Mestre (born February 1, 1963, in Manresa) is an experienced IT consultant and electric car pioneer. He has achieved the impressive feat of traveling around the world twice in an electric car.

In 2011, Rafael de Mestre took part in a rally "Tesla goes east", 10,000 km through Europe from Sweden to Romania, to the Black Sea with his Tesla Roadster.

He has won the following competitions:

 2011: "Tesla goes east": 10,000 km through Europe from Sweden to Romania to the Black Sea
 2014: Winner of the Swiss Energy Grand Prix
 2015: Winner of the eTourEurope
 2017: EV Trophy Winner

De Mestre organized nine international electric car races that took place in 2019 as well as the world's first 24-hour electric car race in 2018, the Eco Grand Prix.
The 2023 season marks the 10th anniversary and a stop of the ecoGP series.

Round-the-world trips 
In 2012, de Mestre traveled around the world for the first time in his Tesla Roadster and won against a French team.
In 2016 he drove around the world in 80 days.

On June 16, 2016, he made a second trip around the world which began at the Arc de Triomf in Barcelona and ended on September 4, 2016, with his Tesla Model S. In this endeavor he was joined by 11 international teams. The race is designed to promote the role of electric cars globally as a sustainable means of transportation around the world in all types of terrain and climates.

The race is also aimed at fostering innovation and development of EV technology to increase the distances that electric cars can cover without needing to stop for charging.

September 6, 2022.he shipped his Tesla Roadster emission free with the Avontuur sailing ship over the Atlantic Ocean to US and started by this the third around the world trip which he finished 2024 after a lot of delays because of the Fremantle Highway Fox News rumor that an EV could have caused the fire there. Even after it was proved an EV not being the cause of the fire, ship captains denied to transport EVs. 

Just after arriving he started his 4th round-the-world trip for 2024. A family with 3 kids in a Model 3 followed him and again he broke a world record. This time the longest trip in a standard electric car 42.105 km. (Electrec article)

He is planning the 5th edition for 2030 and started recruiting teams who want to be one of the knights of the round table fighting against pollution.

References

External links 

 https://mestre.es/ Official website
 https://80edays.com/
 http://ecograndprix.com/
 https://ecograndprix.com/season-2023

1963 births
Living people
20th-century Spanish sportsmen
Spanish racing drivers
Sportspeople from Barcelona
Sports world record holders
Sportspeople from Manresa
Racing drivers from the Province of Barcelona
El Jaili. El Jaili is a power station located at Garri (80 km N of Khartoum), Sudan. The first unit was commissioned in 2003 and the last in 2007.

It is operated by the National Electricity Corporation of Sudan (NEC).

Garri4 is one of the thermal power plants connected to the national grid, with a total installed capacity of 110 MW (6.9 percent) of the country's total thermal electricity production. Sponge Coke, a byproduct of the Khartoum Refinery, is used to power this Power Plant Project.

See also

 List of power stations in Sudan

References

Renewable energy power stations in Sudan
Harald A. Enge. Harald Anton Enge (September 28, 1920, Fauske Municipality, Nordland, Norway – April 14, 2008, Middlesex County, Massachusetts) was a Norwegian-American experimental nuclear physicist and inventor of instrumentation used in nuclear physics. He is known for the Enge split-pole spectrograph, which became a standard instrument of nuclear physics research.

Biography
Enge completed his secondary education in 1940 in Bodø. He studied electrical engineering and received in 1947 his engineering degree from the Norwegian Institute of Technology (now part of the Norwegian University of Science and Technology). He married his first wife in 1947. From 1948 to 1955 he was a research associate and lecturer in physics at the University of Bergen. For a year and a half in 1950 and 1951, he worked at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). For four months he was supported by MIT's Foreign Students Summer Program and then was given a salaried job by William Weber Buechner (1914–1985). At MIT Enge did research in nuclear physics using a magnetic spectrograph while working with the team led by Robert J. Van de Graaff. During this time at MIT, Enge also designed his first broad-range spectrograph, which he built when he returned to the University of Bergen. In 1954 he received his doctorate from the University of Bergen. His dissertation was supervised by Bjørn Trumpy.

In the MIT physics department, Enge was an instructor from 1955 to 1956, an assistant professor from 1956 to 1959, an associate professor from 1959 to 1963, and a full professor from 1963 to 1986, when he retired as professor emeritus. He became a U.S. citizen.

He was, for many years, the director of the MIT research group started by Robert J. Van de Graaff and was an internationally recognized expert on the design of magnetic spectrometers.

In 1967 he was co-founder and chair of Deuteron Inc. He was also associated with the Deltaray Corporation (1969 to 1973) and the Gammaray Corporation (1981).

He received in 1984 the Tom W. Bonner Prize in Nuclear Physics with citation:

In 1985 he received an honorary doctorate from the University of Bergen.

His first wife died in 1988. Upon his death in 2008, he was survived by his second wife, three sons from his first marriage, seven grandchildren, and five great-grandchildren.

Selected publications

Articles
 
 
 
 
 
 
  &pg=203 chapter from 2012 reprint

Books

References

External links
 

1920 births
2008 deaths
Norwegian University of Science and Technology alumni
University of Bergen alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology faculty
20th-century American physicists
21st-century American physicists
Norwegian nuclear physicists
Experimental physicists
20th-century American inventors
21st-century American inventors
Norwegian inventors
People from Nordland
People from Bodø
Norwegian emigrants to the United States
Lutetium(III) acetate. Lutetium(III) acetate is the acetate salt of lutetium with the chemical formula of Lu(CH3COO)3.

Preparation 

Lutetium(III) acetate can be prepared through neutralisation, where a lutetium salt reacts with acetic acid to produce lutetium acetate and water:
Lu2O3 + 6 CH3COOH → 2 Lu(CH3COO)3 + 3 H2O
Lu(OH)3 + 3 CH3COOH →  Lu(CH3COO)3 + 3 H2O

Lutetium(III) acetate also can be obtained by reacting lutetium oxide with gaseous acetic acid or 50% acetic acid solution.

Properties 

Lutetium(III) acetate is a water-soluble salt that forms colorless crystals. It forms crystalline hydrates in the form of Lu(CH3COO)3•nH2O, where n = 1 or 4.

Lutetium(III) acetate reacts with ammonium fluoride to produce lutetium fluoride:

Lu(CH3COO)3 + 3 NH4F → LuF3 + 3 CH3COONH4

The F− formed by the hydrolysis of fluoroborates (such as [BMIM]BF4) can also precipitate with Lu3+.

Reaction with phosphoric acid to produce lutetium phosphate:

Lu(CH3COO)3 + H3PO4 → LuPO4 + 3 CH3COOH

References 

Lutetium compounds
Acetates
Chelsea Finn. Chelsea Finn is an American computer scientist and assistant professor at Stanford University. Her research investigates intelligence through the interactions of robots, with the hope to create robotic systems that can learn how to learn. She is part of the Google Brain group.

Early life and education 
Finn was an undergraduate student in electrical engineering and computer science at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She then moved to the University of California, Berkeley, where she earned her Ph.D. in 2018 under Pieter Abbeel and Sergey Levine. Her work in the Berkeley Artificial Intelligence Lab (BAIR) focused on gradient based algorithms . Such algorithms allow machines to 'learn to learn', more akin to human learning than traditional machine learning systems. These “meta-learning” techniques train machines to quickly adapt, such that when they encounter new scenarios they can learn quickly. As a doctoral student she worked as an intern at Google Brain, where she worked on robot learning algorithms from deep predictive models. She delivered a massive open online course on deep reinforcement learning. She was the first woman to win the C.V. & Daulat Ramamoorthy Distinguished Research Award.

Research and career 
Finn investigates the capabilities of robots to develop intelligence through learning and interaction. She has made use of deep learning algorithms to simultaneously learn visual perception and control robotic skills.

She developed meta-learning approaches to train neural networks to take in student code and output useful feedback. She showed that the system could quickly adapt without too much input from the instructor. She trialled the programme on Code in Place, a 12,000 student course delivered by Stanford University every year. She found that 97.9% of the time the students agreed with the feedback being given.

Awards and honors 

 2016 C.V. & Daulat Ramamoorthy Distinguished Research Award
 2017 Electrical engineering and computer science rising star
 2018 MIT Technology Review 35 Under 35
 2018 ACM Doctoral Dissertation Award
 2020 Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology AI Researcher of the Year
 2020 Intel Rising Star Faculty Award
 2021 Office of Naval Research Young Investigator Award
 2022 IEEE Robotics and Automation Society Early Academic Career Award

Select publications

References 

Living people
University of California, Berkeley alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Stanford University faculty
American computer scientists
American women scientists
Machine learning researchers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Justin Roczniak. Justin Gibs Roczniak (), also known through his YouTube alias donoteat01, is an American structural engineer,  YouTuber and podcaster. He is known for his political commentary through the video game Cities: Skylines and as the co-host of podcast Well There's Your Problem.

Personal life
Roczniak is a structural engineer with a degree in engineering from Drexel University. He lives in Philadelphia. He considers himself to be a socialist.

He is part of the Philly Transit Riders Union.

YouTube career 
On his YouTube channel donoteat01, Roczniak uploads videos on Cities: Skylines, using the game to explain the politics and power behind the construction of American cities. In the videos, he constructs case studies of urban development, discussing topics like public housing, slum clearance, and parking minimums. His main YouTube series is Franklin, where he discusses the historical development of cities through the fictional city of Franklin. 

He co-hosts the engineering disaster podcast Well There’s Your Problem, which was initially an offshoot of his YouTube channel. It has been characterised by Hyperallergic magazine as exposing "the darkly humorous side of capitalism destroying bridges, dams, and more" and was praised by Patrick Yocum of the Boston Ballet as being a "sarcastic and dry conversation about some of the most ridiculous and occasionally tragic accidents, blunders, miscommunications and societal failures that make the world of big engineering projects so fascinating and scary".

Although Roczniak initially intended for his videos to focus on the history first and foremost, rather than be political, he has stated that it would not be possible to discuss history in an apolitical manner, as he considers it an "absurd standard" to hold history to.

Advocacy 
Throughout his works, Justin Roczniak has advocated for many positions, such as increasing unionization, changes to urban design, rent control, and railroad nationalization.

References

American socialists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
American structural engineers
YouTubers from Philadelphia
20th-century births
Drexel University alumni
21st-century American engineers
American podcasters
German trawler V 202 Hermann Bösch. Hermann Bösch was a German fishing trawler that was requisitioned by the Kriegsmarine in the Second World War for use as a Vorpostenboot, serving as V 205 Hermann Bösch and V 202 Hermann Bösch. She was shelled and sunk in the English Channel off La Hague, Manche, France by  and  on 28 July 1942.

Description
Hermann Bösch was  long, with a beam of  and a depth of . She was assessed at , . She was powered by a triple expansion steam engine which had cylinders of ,  and  diameter by  stroke.  The engine was built by Deschimag Seebeck, Wesermünde and was rated at 96nominal horsepower. It drove a single screw propeller via a low-pressure turbine, double reduction gearing and a hydraulic coupling.

History
Hermann Bösch was built as yard number 592 by Deschimag, Wesermünde. She was launched in October 1937 and completed on 24 November. She was built for C. C. H. Bösch. She was completed by Deschimag Seebeck, Wesermünde. Her port of registry was Bremerhaven. The Code Letters DOTK and fishing boat registration BX 261 were allocated.

On 30 September 1939, Hermann Bösch was requisitioned by the Kriegsmarine and commissioned as the Vorpostenboot V 205 Hermann Bösch. She was redesignated V 202 Hermann Bösch on 20 October. On 9 September 1941, she assisted V 208 R. Walther Darré in rescued the crew of the cargo ship , which had been torpedoed and sunk off Boulogne, Pas-de-Calais, France by the Motor Torpedo Boat MTB 54. On 28 July 1942, she was shelled and sunk in the English Channel off La Hague, Manche, France by , , and two motor gun boats. Her captain survived, but 34 crew were killed. Vorpostenboot V 203 Carl Röver was damaged beyond repair in the same engagement.

References

Sources

1937 ships
Ships built in Bremen (state)
Steamships of Germany
Fishing vessels of Germany
Auxiliary ships of the Kriegsmarine
Maritime incidents in July 1942
World War II shipwrecks in the English Channel
Laura A. Schaefer. Laura Atkinson Schaefer is an American mechanical engineer whose research concerns the computational modeling of heat and fluid flow, with applications focusing on energy systems including the heat and energy management of buildings and the design of fuel cells. She is Burton J. and Ann McMurtry Chair and Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Rice University, where she chairs the Department of Mechanical Engineering.

Education and career
Schaefer graduated from Rice University in 1995, with a double major in English and mechanical engineering. She went to Georgia Tech for graduate study in mechanical engineering, minoring in operations research, under the supervision of Samuel V. Shelton. She earned a master's degree in 1997 and completed her Ph.D. in 2000; her doctoral dissertation was Single Pressure Absorption Heat Pump Analysis.

She joined the Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Department of the University of Pittsburgh as an assistant professor in 2000, became Bicentennial Board of Visitors Faculty Fellow in 2005, and was promoted to associate professor in 2006 and full professor in 2013. In 2015 she returned to Rice University, taking her present position as Burton J. and Ann McMurtry Chair and Professor of Mechanical Engineering and as chair of the Department of Mechanical Engineering.

Recognition
Schaefer was elected as a Fellow of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 2011.

Personal life
Schaefer is married to Andrew J. Schaefer, a professor of computational and applied mathematics at Rice University who is also a Rice University alumnus.

References

External links
Home page

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American mechanical engineers
American women engineers
Rice University alumni
Georgia Tech alumni
University of Pittsburgh faculty
Rice University faculty
Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Mimikatz. Mimikatz is both an exploit on Microsoft Windows that extracts passwords stored in memory and software that performs that exploit. It was created by French programmer Benjamin Delpy and is French slang for "cute cats".

History
Benjamin Delpy discovered a flaw in Microsoft Windows that holds both an encrypted copy of a password and a key that can be used to decipher it in memory at the same time. He contacted Microsoft in 2011 to point out the flaw, but Microsoft replied that it would require the machine to be already compromised. Delpy realised that the flaw could be used to gain access to non-compromised machines on a network from a compromised machine.

He released the first version of the software in May 2011 as closed source software.

In September 2011, the exploit was used in the DigiNotar hack.

Russian conference
Delpy spoke about the software at a conference in 2012. Once during the conference, he returned to his room to find a stranger sitting at his laptop. The stranger apologised, saying he was in the wrong room and left. A second man approached him during the conference and demanded he give him copies of his presentation and software on a USB flash drive. Delpy gave him copies.

Delpy felt shaken by his experiences and before he left Russia, he released the source code on GitHub. He felt that those defending against cyberattacks should learn from the code in order to defend against the attack.

Windows updates
In 2013 Microsoft added a feature to Windows 8.1 that would allow turning off the feature that could be exploited. In Windows 10 the feature is turned off by default, but Jake Williams from Rendition Infosec says that it remains effective, either because the system runs an outdated version of Windows, or he can use privilege escalation to gain enough control over the target to turn on the exploitable feature.

Benjamin Delpy has updated the software to cover further exploits than the original.

Use in malware
The Carbanak attack and the cyberattack on the Bundestag used the exploit. The NotPetya and BadRabbit malware used versions of the attack combined with EternalBlue and EternalRomance exploits.

In popular culture
In Mr. Robot episode 9 of season 2, Angela Moss uses mimikatz to get her boss's Windows domain password.

References

External links
Implementation by Benjamin Delpy on github
Implementation of exploit on github

Hacking in the 2010s
Hacking in the 2020s
Microsoft Windows security technology
Computer security exploits