omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Alton Newell. Alton Scott Newell Sr. (August 19, 1913 – March 29, 2000) was an American industrialist who invented the Newell Shredder and founded Newell Industries.

Early life
Alton Newell was born to an Oklahoma family of migrant workers in 1913. During his childhood his family moved to California where Newell was forced to cease his schooling in the 10th grade in order to help support his family. After working a variety of jobs, Newell found himself in the position of managing a scrap yard. Tasked with scrapping cars by hand, which required one man ten hours of work to complete, Newell sought to find a more efficient method. In 1938, Newell moved to Texas and bought a small scrap yard and constructed a portable metal baler to assist in processing scrap metal.

Newell Industries

Having expanded his scrap business to incorporate a number of plants across the  Southwest, Newell recognized the need for tin for use in copper mining. Taking inspiration from a grain crusher he had seen as a child in Kansas, he designed a shredding machine to process tin cans.

This machine provided the basis for the design of a larger shredder capable of processing ferrous material such as that found in automobiles. What is now known as the Newell Shredder originated from this machine, a 500 HP (370 KW) top-discharge shredder incorporating a limited feed device that controlled the rate at which materials entered the machine. This design also included a "reject door" that allowed the machine to reject unshreddable materials, greatly reducing downtime. This machine was significantly smaller and more efficient than previous designs which had used motors as large as 6,000 HP (4,440 KW). Due to the novel features which Newell incorporated, he applied for a patent in 1965. He was granted patent number 3,482,788 in 1969.

The Newell Shredder was declared a National Historic Mechanical Engineering Landmark on September 16, 1994, by The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

These shredders were manufactured and sold by Newell Industries. Upon Newell's death, Newell Industries was divided among his children. Modern Newell Shredders are currently manufactured and sold by The Shredder Company, which was founded by Newell's son and grandson, Alton Scott Newell Jr and Alton Scott Newell III.

References

External links 
 Newell Recycling of Atlanta

1913 births
2000 deaths
20th-century American businesspeople
20th-century American inventors
USAV MG Winfield Scott. The United States Army tugboat MG Winfield Scott (LT-805) was built by Moss Point Marine, Escatawpa, Mississippi and delivered to the U.S. Army on 29 October 1993. She is named for Major General Winfield Scott.

In October 2021 the MG Winfield Scott was sold at auction to Interlake Maritime Services and brought to Ludington, Michigan, arriving on November 29, 2021.

Interlake Logistic Solutions is the parent company of Lake Michigan Carferry Service, operator of the , and of Pere Marquette Shipping, operator of the barge Pere Marquette 41 (ex-) and tug MT Undaunted (ex-). All are based in Ludington. Lake Michigan Carferry also owns the , which is in long-term layup at Ludington.

References

Ships of the United States Army
1993 ships
Tugboats of the United States
Air Club International. Air Club International Ltd. (or ACI) was a Canadian charter airline that operated from 1993 to 1998.

History
The airline was established in 1993, headquartered at Mirabel International Airport (at the time, Montréal, Québec's main international airport) and managed by a group that included several former Nationair executives and presided by Claude Lévesque, to operate charter flights between Canada, Europe and the Caribbean.

The carrier's first airplane was an A310-300 acquired via Airbus Leasing and used for routes towards Europe, such as London.  Later, the airline obtained additional A310 aircraft and, late in January 1995, began using a Boeing 747-200 leased from Japan Airlines from its Vancouver base.

As part of a contract with Air India, Air Club operated flights from India to several international destinations, starting in 1994. Between seasons, Air Club also operated different contractual flights for various organizations.

Air Club ceased operations in 1998 and returned the leased aircraft to the lessors.

Destinations

Europe
 
 Brussels - Brussels Airport
 
 Paris - Charles de Gaulle Airport
 
 Berlin - Berlin Tegel Airport
 Frankfurt - Frankfurt Airport
 
 Amsterdam - Amsterdam Airport Schiphol
 
 London - Heathrow Airport
 Glasgow - Glasgow Airport

North America
 
 Montreal - Montréal–Mirabel International Airport Hub
 Vancouver - Vancouver International Airport
 Calgary - Calgary International Airport
 
 Panama City - Tocumen International Airport

South America

 Paramaribo - Johan Adolf Pengel International Airport

Fleet
 4 Airbus A310
 2 Boeing 747-200

See also 
 List of defunct airlines of Canada

References

External links

Air Club International at Airliners.net
Air Club International at timetableimages.com

Defunct airlines of Canada
Airlines established in 1993
Airlines disestablished in 1998
1993 establishments in Quebec
1998 disestablishments in Quebec
Canadian companies established in 1993
Canadian companies disestablished in 1998
List of ships named Avalon. A number of ships have been named Avalon, after Avalon, the mythical Arthurian island or Avalon, California

Merchant ships
, a Great Eastern Railway passenger ferry steamer, sold as a blockade runner 
, a Great Eastern Railway passenger-cargo ferry steamer, replaced the above
, a cargo ship, built by Swan Hunter, Wallsend for C T Bowring 
, a sidewheel passenger ship, built by Harlan and Hollingsworth
, a passenger vessel, operating Catalina–Los Angeles 1920–1951
, a cargo ship 1974–1981, built as Empire Wallace
, a passenger-roro ferry built by Alexander Stephen & Sons, Glasgow for British Railways
Avalon (1963), a passenger-cargo ship previously known as

Naval ships

United States Navy  
, a motorboat acquired for use as a patrol boat in 1917 and returned to her owner in 1918 perhaps without having been commissioned
, a steamer in commission from 1918 to 1919, renamed USS Avalon for her last three days under U.S. Navy control
DSRV-2 Avalon, a deep submergence rescue vehicle launched in 1971 and decommissioned in 2000

Canadian Navy 
 HMCS Avalon was a shore base at St. John's, Newfoundland during World War II
, an accommodation vessel from 1942 to 1947, previously passenger vessel Georgian ex-Cape Eternity ex-Rochester on the Great Lakes and St Lawrence
, a harbour vessel, later HC 31

Royal Navy  
 , former Norwegian trawler Nordhav I, hired in 1940, and renamed Adonis in 1941. Built as Océan in 1915

See also
 Avalon (disambiguation)

References

External links
 

Ship names
Gloria Material Technology Corp.. Gloria Material Technology Corp. (GMTC; ) is a company headquartered in Liouying industrial zone, Tainan, Taiwan. It is the only specialty alloy professional manufacturer in Taiwan which owns melting, forging, rolling, heat treating and finishing processes. GMTC provides more than 500 steel grades such as superalloy, titanium alloy, ESR & VAR steel, high speed steel, stainless steel, quenched-tempered steel, tool steel, special steel profile and precision parts machining. The main product shapes are focused on round bars and square bars.

Products

 Superalloy
 Titanium alloy: ti-bar, ti-sheet, titanium welding coil, ti-tube, forging / machining parts
 VAR (vacuum arc remelting) & ESR (electro-slag remelting) steel
 Stainless steel: 300 series, 400 series, precipitation hardening, duplex
 Tool steel: cold work tool steel, hot work tool steel, low alloy steel, bearing steel
 High speed steel
 Quenched & tempered steel: alloy steel +QT, stainless steel +QT
 Plastic mold steel: round bar, block
 Special steel profile
 Precision parts machining

Affiliated companies 
 Taiwan
 S-Tech Corp.: titanium and nickel alloy, precision finish and engineering integration
 Homkom Precision Industry Corp.: special steel profile hot rolling, cold drawing, closed die forging and precision part machining
 Golden Win Steel Industrial Corp.: Gloria group logistic service in Taoyuan, Taichung and Tainan in Taiwan

 China Mainland
 Goldway Special Metal Co., Ltd. (Guangzhon): Gloria group logistic service in Guangzhou
 Goldway Special Metal Co., Ltd. (Tianjin): Gloria group logistic service in Tianjin
 Goldway Special Metal Co., Ltd. (Zhejiang Jiaxing ): Gloria group logistic service in Zhejiang Jiaxing
 Goldway Special Metal Co., Ltd. (Xi'an): Gloria group logistic service in Xi'an

 Southeast Asia
 Golden Win Steel Industrial Corp. (Vietnam): Gloria group logistic service in Vietnam

 America
 Alloy Tool Steel, Inc.: Gloria group logistic service in the United States

See also
 List of companies of Taiwan

References

External links

 Gloria Material Technology Corp.
 S-Tech Corp.
 Homkom Precision Industry Corp.
 Golden Win Steel Industrial Corp.
 Goldway Special Metal Co., Ltd
 Alloy Tool Steel, Inc.

Taiwan Steel Group
Taiwanese companies established in 1993
Steel companies of Taiwan
Manufacturing companies established in 1993
Technical University of Gabrovo. The Technical University of Gabrovo is a state university in Gabrovo, Bulgaria, founded in 1964.

Faculties
 Faculty of Electrical Engineering
 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Technologies
 Faculty of Economy

See also
 Balkan Universities Network
 List of universities in Bulgaria
 Gabrovo

References

External links
 Technical University of Gabrovo - Website

Gabrovo
Gabrovo, Technical University of
Gabrovo
Educational institutions established in 1964
Buildings and structures in Gabrovo Province
1964 establishments in Bulgaria
Rapid 3D Mapping. Rapid 3D Mapping is a stereophotogrammetry technology developed by the Swedish defence and security company Saab. The system generates three-dimensional maps by image captures of the terrain from a crewed aircraft, helicopter and/or UAV.

Rapid 3D Mapping makes it possible to generate a three-dimensional map within hours of the flight, the results depends on the existing sensors available on the aircraft. The typical coverage for an aeroplane is 100 square kilometers per hour with a resolution of 0.1m at ground level.

In 2010 the system was selected by the Swedish Defence Materiel Administration to generate 3D-models for the Swedish Gripen fighter jet simulators.

References

External links
 Official Saab Rapid 3D Mapping page

Saab
Stereophotogrammetry
3D imaging
Client Initiated Remote Access. Intel CIRA enables out-of-band management systems, such as Intel AMT.  It is intended to enable centralized corporate management and administration of laptops that are not attached to the corporate LAN, but rather are located off-site (homes, hotels, etc.).  Because off-site systems will typically be behind a firewall, there is no way for the corporate administrator to directly find the machine. Thus, instead, the system (the 'client') will initiate a connection to the corporate administration server; the server can then use this connection to admin the machine.

The system is implemented in firmware, and is meant to enable administration resources such as Intel AMT and Intel vPro.

See also
 Intel vPro

References 

Firmware
Intel products
Out-of-band management
Cofio Software. Cofio Software, headquartered in San Diego, California, was a privately held software company founded in 2006 which produced a product called AIMstor.  After being acquired in 2012 the product became known as the Hitachi Data Instance Director. and later became Hitachi Ops Center Protector

History
The Cofio founders were also founders of BakBone Software, with the majority of the Cofio's engineering team also being the core developers at BakBone. They were the team that created the re-designed NetVault Backup 6 product. The engineering team was based in the South of England and worked together since the early 1990s.
The company name Cofio is a Welsh language term meaning "to remember".

The company developed data management storage management software. The product was branded and given the trademark AIMstor in 2008.

Cofio was acquired by Hitachi Data Systems (HDS) on September 21, 2012, and the AIMstor product was released as Hitachi Data Instance Director (HDID). HDID orchestrates data protection technologies on  HDS storage arrays. HDID workflow and policy management capabilities are being utilized for end-to-end data management.

Products

AIMstor 
The concept of AIMstor was the prevailing reason Cofio Software was founded. The intention of the product was to provide data management functions such as backup, archiving, real-time replication, full recovery and continuous data protection (True-CDP) under one platform. Rather than having many different products that are later integrated in a complex fashion, AIMstor was a workflow manager for other data protection and data management products.
At the core of Cofio's attempt at providing consolidated features was a user interface that allows data policies and data movement to be defined graphically allowing complex topologies to be created quickly, and to help administrators see the workflow of the policy and the data.

Another cited major component of AIMstor was the Repository. This aimed to provide a storage platform that could ingest live data to provide backup, continuous data protection and data archiving. It performed data deduplication as well as possessing an indexing engine allowing for fast search of the repository content.

Although AIMstor was a single product it was marketed as separate products such as AIMstor Backup, AIMstor Replication, AIMstor CDP, etc.

AIMstor supported Microsoft Windows and Linux.

ViStor 
ViStor is a software implementation of a virtual tape library (VTL). It was released in 2007 to OEMs in Asia specifically who create VTL appliances using the ViStor software. The software runs on a version of Linux and supports the iSCSI protocol as well as Emulex Fibre Channel host bus adapters. The product was no longer supported after the HDS acquisition.

References

External links 
 Cofio Official Website
 AIMstor User Interface Video
 AIMstor 2.3 Release

Software companies based in California
Companies based in San Diego
Software companies established in 2006
2006 establishments in California
Defunct software companies of the United States
BAE Systems Silver Fox. The Sensintel Silver Fox UAV is an Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that can conduct autonomous aerial surveillance imaging. The Silver Fox UAV is designed to provide low cost aerial surveillance imaging and carry sensor payload packages weighing up to four pounds. Video images are transmitted from Silver Fox to a ground station for quick reference. One ground station can simultaneously operate ten units.

Design and development
The Silver Fox was originally developed by Advanced Ceramics Research (ACR), which was purchased by BAE in 2009. Sensintel Inc. purchased BAE Systems Unmanned Aircraft Programs in June 2013. Raytheon purchased Sensintel in January 2015.

The Silver Fox is a gas-powered unmanned system, weighing about 30 pounds. It can carry electro-optical and infrared sensors, providing full-motion imagery for both day and night operations. The Silver Fox carries small payloads and performs autonomous takeoffs and landings. The Silver Fox UAV supports military operations during intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance missions.

In July 2013, the Colombian Air Force bought three Silver Fox UAVs, along with rail launchers, ground control stations, and video systems for each.

Operational history
Silver Fox drones were deployed to the southern Philippines by the US military, participating in operations in the Moro conflict. At least one Silver Fox was captured by MILF rebels.

Specifications (Silver Fox)

References

External links

 Silver Fox UAV website 

Unmanned aerial vehicles of the United States
British Aerospace aircraft
High-wing aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
2000s United States military reconnaissance aircraft
HITAC. HITAC (HItachi Transistor Automatic Computer) is the designation for the majority of Hitachi large and midrange computer models spanning several decades. The HITAC 301, released in May 1958, was Hitachi's first fully transistorized computer model. Earlier Hitachi computers made use of semiconductors known as parametrons.

Beginnings 

Hitachi Ltd. (now referred to as Hitachi), first began research in analog computers in 1951 with digital Computers following in 1956. As a prototype for the parametron logic circuit, the HIPAC-MK-1 was developed. The main transmission lines designed by Tadami power development utilized these as tensiometers. It was then that as Parametron calculators, the HIPAC 101 and HIPAC 103 became commercialized products. Parallel research in transistor computers soon became commercialized as well.

HIPAC MK-1（1957）
38 bit-words. fixed-point number. 1024 words of Drum memory.
HIPAC 101（1960）
42 bit-words. fixed-point number. 2048 words of Drum memory. In Paris, 1959, Automath was exhibited.
HIPAC 103（1961）
48 bit-words. fixed/floating-point. 1024/4096 words of Magnetic-core memory. (8192 words of Drum memory).

As a base, the ETL Mark IV transistorized computer model was introduced and was the first commercialized in 1959. The Japan Electronics and Information Technology Industries Association produced this model intended for business use. In the following year, the HITAC 501 was released and now supplies the Eastern Osaka Kansai Electric substation as a control system.　Additionally, the Electric Testing Lab still accepts orders for the ETL Mark V. Using this as a base, researchers at the University of Kyoto cooperated to improve the technology which resulted in the HITAC 102 (also referred to as the Kyoto-Daigaku Digital Computer 1). Researchers at Japan's Economic Planning Agency introduced an improved version (HITAC 102B) as a substitute to the punch card system. In 1961, the HITAC 201 was developed as a smaller computer for business use.

HITAC 301（1959）
BCD12 fixed decimal point expression. 1960 words of Drum memory. (High speed access of 60 words is possible)
HITAC 501（1960）
First computer as a control system （Insufficient Details）
HITAC 102（1960）
ETL Mark V prototype
HITAC 201 （1961）
BCD11 fixed decimal point expression. 4000 words of Drum memory.

Moreover, in 1958, The Railway Technical Research Institute of Japan dispatched MARS. Although the first version of MARS did not include the HITAC system, its successor MARS101 utilized the HITAC 3030. After that point, Hitachi consistently used it as its mainframe.

Hitachi products
Chain-linked model. The chain-linked model or Kline model of innovation was introduced by mechanical engineer Stephen J. Kline in 1985, and further described by Kline and economist Nathan Rosenberg in 1986. The chain-linked model is an attempt to describe complexities in the  innovation process. The model is regarded as Kline's most significant contribution.

Description
In the chain-linked model, new knowledge is not necessarily the driver for innovation.  Instead, the process begins with the identification of an unfilled market need.  This drives research and design, then redesign and production, and finally marketing, with complex feedback loops between all the stages.  There are also important feedback loops with the organization's and the world's stored base of knowledge, with new basic research conducted or commissioned as necessary, to fill in gaps. 

It is often contrasted with the so-called linear model of innovation, in which basic research leads to applied development, then engineering, then manufacturing, and finally marketing and distribution.

Applications
The Kline model was conceived primarily with commercial industrial settings in mind, but has found broad applicability in other settings, for example in military technology development.  Variations and extensions of the model have been described by a number of investigators.

See also
Actor-network theory
Cybernetics
Creativity techniques
Crowdsourcing
Diffusion of innovations
Innovation
List of emerging technologies
New product development
Open innovation
Participatory design
Phase–gate model
Pro-innovation bias
Product lifecycle
Social shaping of technology
Strategic foresight
Technological change
User-centered design
User innovation

References

Business management
Control theory
Futures techniques
Innovation economics
Innovation
Product management
Problem solving skills
Transdisciplinarity
Leaf wetness. Leaf wetness is a meteorological parameter that describes the amount of dew and precipitation left on surfaces. It is used for monitoring leaf moisture for agricultural purposes, such as fungus and disease control, for control of irrigation systems, and for detection of fog and dew conditions, and early detection of rainfall.

Leaf wetness may be measured by various means:
By change in electrical resistance between two metal conductors in an alternate finger or double spiral configuration on a flat surface, either flat or cylindrical. The conductors are usually gold plated for corrosion resistance. An issue with this method is that measurements depend on droplets being large enough to bridge the gap between the conductors. A surface coating of for instance hygroscopic latex paint may be applied for more consistent results. Resistance measurement is often by alternating current excitation.
 By measuring the change in the dielectric constant of the surface of a sensor, thus detecting the presence of water or ice on the sensor's surface.
 A sensor with hygroscopic properties where a change in sensor length or weight can be measured mechanically.

See also 
 Hygrometer
 Moisture analysis
 Dewcell

References

Humidity and hygrometry
Leaves
Agrometeorology
Hydraulics International. Hydraulics International, Inc., known as HII headquartered in Chatsworth, California, U.S., is a supplier of  defense products, services and support to military forces, aviation and commercial industries, Government agencies and prime contractors. The company develops manufactures and supports systems for over one hundred industries as well as mission critical and military sustainment requirements.

HII manufactures defense ground support equipment including ammunition loading systems, aircraft hydraulic system testing, aircraft cabin pressure testing, power systems, environmental control systems, military trailers, high pressure gas and liquid systems, flow measuring equipment, and logistics and support services.

The company was established in 1976. The corporate, engineering and manufacturing facilities, located in Chatsworth, CA and Forsyth, GA, encompass over .

References

External links
 Hydraulics International, INC. Website.

Manufacturing companies established in 1976
Manufacturing companies based in Los Angeles
San Fernando Valley
Aviation ground support equipment companies
1976 establishments in California
Project M (NASA). Project M was a proposed NASA project to send a Robonaut to the Moon. This was originally hoped to be achieved in just a thousand days from the official announcement, but was later shifted into Project Morpheus.

History
NASA projected the project could have cost less than 200 million. An additional $250 million would have been needed for the launch vehicle. The project could have been accomplished in a thousand days or less once it had been approved. The project would have used a variation of lander developed by Armadillo Aerospace. On June 23, 2010, a flight carried a prototype known as the Guidance Embedded Navigator Integration Environment (GENIE). GENIE was developed to demonstrate fully functional, real-time, guidance, navigation, and control (GNC) code in a terrestrial rocket vehicle applicable to landing on the surface of the Moon.

References

External links
 NASA Project M whitepaper
 Project M Youtube channel

NASA programs