omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Operational Land Imager. The Operational Land Imager (OLI) is a remote sensing instrument aboard Landsat 8, built by Ball Aerospace & Technologies. Landsat 8 is the successor to Landsat 7 and was launched on February 11, 2013.

OLI is a push broom scanner that uses a four-mirror telescope with fixed mirrors.

Overview and mission 
OLI operates alongside TIRS (Thermal Infrared Sensor) on board the LDCM. The build and design of OLI differs from previous generations of instruments, while still maintaining data continuity with archived Landsat data from the last 40 years by keeping the same spectral and spatial resolutions of previous instruments.

OLI aids the Landsat-8 mission in the imaging of Earth's surface and the collection of moderate resolution data that is used to monitor changing trends on the surface and evaluate how land usage changes over time. The images and data that OLI has helped collect have practical applications today in agriculture, mapping, and monitoring changes in snow, ice, and water.

Specifications and design 
OLI is a pushbroom sensor that operates in the visible (VIS) and short wave infrared (SWIR) spectral regions. It has a swath width of , which means it can image the entire Earth over a repeating cycle of 16 days. The OLI has nine spectral bands, including a panchromatic band: 

While the spectral and spatial resolution of OLI's channels were kept the same as prior instruments in order to maintain data continuity with the entire Landsat archive, two spectral bands (the first a blue visible channel and the second an infrared channel) were added. These bands were designated as band 1 and band 9, and serve as an enhancement from previous instruments, which lacked these channels. Band 1 was created to locate and determine water resources and investigate coastal areas, and band 9 serves a unique purpose of detecting cirrus clouds.

Applications 
OLI has several different applications due to the many different bands. Band 1 is helpful in imaging shallow water resources and tracking aerosols. Bands 2, 3, and 4 are in the visible spectrum and are helpful in creating true color composite images. Band 5 is helpful for ecology purposes and can help determine vegetation index or NDVI. Bands 6 and 7 are useful in geology and can help in distinguishing different saturated and unsaturated rocks and soils. Band 8 is helpful in creating images with very high resolution and precision. Band 9 is used for detecting different types of clouds.

References

Further reading

External links 
 Operational Land Imager at Ball.com
 Operational Land Imager at NASA.gov

Satellite imaging sensors
Technical Difficulties. Technical difficulties are unforeseen equipment problems such as hardware failures or software bugs that make it difficult or impossible to perform a desired action.

Technical difficulties or Technical Difficulties may also refer to:
Technical Difficulties (filk group)
Technical Difficulties (Racer X album)
Technical Difficulties (Training for Utopia album)
 The Technical Difficulties, a semi-educational, comedic and satirical podcast and video team made up of Tom Scott, Matt Gray, Gary Brannan, and Chris Joel.
 Technical Difficulties Radio, also referred to as Technical Difficulties, a series of livestreams and songs by Brockhampton.
Butler SQL. Butler SQL is a now-defunct SQL-based database server for the classic Mac OS released by Canadian developer EveryWare Development in 1992. For much of its history, it was partnered with another EveryWare product, Tango (released 1995), that built dynamic database pages from SQL data. Butler SQL ceased development when Pervasive Software acquired EveryWare in 1998; Tango was sold by Pervasive to Australian firm Witango Technologies in 2001 and renamed to Witango, then subsequently acquired by Tronics Software in 2010 and renamed to TeraScript.

Butler was introduced to take advantage of new a Mac OS component known as the Data Access Manager (DAM), which was similar in concept to ODBC, allowing end-user client programs to access various data sources. DAM, however, worked at a lower level than ODBC and did not contain any inherent query language. To address the concern that a single DAM program might want to work with different back-end databases, Apple used a second system known as the Data Access Language (DAL), which was a variant of SQL that included additional flow-control and data manipulation instructions. DAL queries were converted to the target database using an adaptor on the server.

Butler was written to natively support DAL as its variant of SQL, and use DAM internally to support networking. As such, it avoided several intermediary layers that would be required to use the same queries on other database servers. Butler 2.0, released in May 1996, added direct ODBC links as well.

Butler suffered from performance problems due to the single-user nature of the Mac OS. In particular, file access was single-threaded and multitasking was coordinated by the applications, not the operating system.

Reception
A 1996 Macworld review of web-publishing tools highlighted Butler SQL as the only Web-enabled SQL database available for Macintosh. The review called the Butler-Tango suite useful for small databases but "cumbersome for building and managing large databases containing many tables, largely due to the tools' inability to display relationships between tables graphically."

Further reading
 Lawrence Charters, "Data, Data EveryWare", January 1996 General Meeting, Washington Apple Pi
 "EveryWare ships Butler SQL 2.0", Business Wire, 13 May 1996

References

Discontinued software
Classic Mac OS software
Proprietary database management systems
MacOS database-related software
Windows HPC Server 2008. Windows HPC Server 2008, released by Microsoft on 22 September 2008, is the successor product to Windows Compute Cluster Server 2003. Like WCCS, Windows HPC Server 2008 is designed for high-end applications that require high performance computing clusters (HPC stands for High Performance Computing). This version of the server software is claimed to efficiently scale to thousands of cores. It includes features unique to HPC workloads: a new high-speed NetworkDirect RDMA, highly efficient and scalable cluster management tools, a service-oriented architecture (SOA) job scheduler, an MPI library based on open-source MPICH2, and cluster interoperability through standards such as the High Performance Computing Basic Profile (HPCBP) specification produced by the Open Grid Forum (OGF).

In June 2008, a system built collaboratively with the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) and Microsoft ranked #23 on the TOP500 list, a ranking of the world's fastest supercomputers, with a LINPACK score of 68.5 teraflops. The NCSA supercomputer uses both Windows Server HPC and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4. By November 2011, that ranking had dropped to #253. Since then, all Windows computers have dropped off the TOP500 list, and Linux has replaced all other operating systems on the list.

In the November 2008 rankings, published by TOP500, a Windows HPC system built by the Shanghai Supercomputer Center achieved a peak performance of 180.6 teraflops and was ranked #11 on the list. In June 2015, that was the last Windows machine left on the list (dropped off later) then ranked 436, just barely made the TOP500 (with Windows Azure dropping off earlier).

Windows HPC Server 2008 R2 
Windows HPC Server 2008 R2, also known as Windows Server 2008 R2 HPC Edition (codenamed Windows 7 Server) based on Windows Server 2008 R2, was released on 20 September 2010.

Windows HPC Pack 
After Windows HPC Server 2008 R2, Microsoft released HPC Pack 2008 R2 in four flavors: Express, Enterprise, Workstation and Cycle Harvesting. Later it simplified the offer by releasing HPC Pack 2012 that combined capabilities of all four versions of HPC Pack 2008 R2. HPC Pack 2012 can be installed on top of any Windows Server 2012 Standard or Datacenter.

The head node for the HPC-Pack requires Windows Server, however the node computers can be Windows 10 or Windows 11.

References

External links 

Windows HPC Server 2008 R2 Technical Library
Windows HPC Server 2008 Resource Kit 

Windows Server 2008
Job scheduling
Grid computing
HPC Server 2008
Impulse facility. An impulse facility is a testing facility that relies on rapid release of stored energy to generate a short period of high enthalpy test conditions for testing of aerodynamic flow, aerodynamic heating and atmospheric reentry, combustion, chemical kinetics, ballistics, and other effects.  The rapid release of energy can result in very high instantaneous energy release rates even though the total energy released is modest. The use of an impulse facility can allow testing of violently energetic phenomena generating temperatures and pressures that no known materials could withstand in steady state.  This effect also produces short test times, however, with some types of tests in these facilities lasting less than 100 microseconds.  Impulse facilities are a special case of blow down facilities where an energy storage mechanism is charged over a period of time and then released to initiate a test and must be charged again before the next test.  This contrasts with continuous facilities such as wind tunnels that may run continuously.  Examples of impulse facilities are the shock tube, the shock tunnel, the expansion tube, the expansion tunnel, and the Ludwieg tube.

References 

Engineering equipment
Type 96 multi-purpose missile system. The  is an anti-tank/landing craft missile used by the JGSDF. It is the first Japanese missile system to use a complete digitally controlled interface.

History 
Development of the Type 96 system began in 1986 by the JGSDF Ground Research and Development Command.

Description 
The Type 96 missile has a large warhead which can destroy tanks with a direct hit from the top, but it can also be used in an anti-helicopter role. The missile is guided by an operator with an infrared image monitor in the launch vehicle. An optical fibre connects the flying missile's infrared camera and its guidance system. It can also be fired vertically and the fibre-optic cable is paid out from the back of the missile as it flies.

The warhead is unnecessarily large for attacking tanks because it is also designed to destroy landing craft (LCAC). Japanese officers estimate that no tank can survive a direct hit to the weak point of its top armor by the Type 96 multi-purpose missile system. This is a result of the missile striking the tank from the top, which is not so heavily armoured as the front and side sections.

It is designed to destroy remote targets before a landing, such as armoured fighting vehicles or small landing ships. The gunner carries out target selection and acquisition and the automatic tracker locks onto the image of the target. Tracking commands are relayed to the ground station computer, which sends steering command data up the fibre-optic cable to guide the missile. The gunner can also carry out manual tracking.

Operators
: 37 sets (2012)

Similar missiles

See also

Notes

References

External links
 Official JGSDF Page (in Japanese)
 EFOGM Project Details on Army Technology
 Guided Missile Specifications Japan Ministry of Defence
 Type-96 Multi-Purpose Missile System GlobalSecurity.org
 Type-96 Multi-Purpose Missile System fas.org

Post–Cold War anti-tank missiles of Japan
Anti-tank guided missiles of Japan
Post–Cold War military equipment of Japan
Post–Cold War weapons of Japan
Japan Ground Self-Defense Force
Military equipment introduced in the 1990s
EE Technologies. Electronic Evolution Technologies, Inc. (also referred to as EE Technologies, Inc or EET) is a multi-national electronic manufacturing services (EMS) company headquartered in Reno, Nevada. EET provides full electronic and mechanical box build assembly services and also specializes in circuit board assembly for a variety of markets, including the automotive, medical, military and digital audio/video markets. The company operates a global manufacturing network with operations in the Americas and Mexico, providing services to original equipment manufacturers. EET was recognized as one of the top 20 contract manufacturers in the western United States in 2007.

History
EE Technologies, Inc. was incorporated as Meridian Electronics in 1994. By 1999 Meridian Electronics had grown to $28 million a year in revenue. EE Technologies was spun off from Meridian Electronics in March 2000. In October 2000, the company moved into a new facility in South Reno, Nevada. In December 2002, the company expanded their facilities by . Currently the company employs over 180 people with facilities in the US and Mexico. EE Technologies, Inc recently settled a lawsuit with the Environmental Protection Agency for $80,000 over them failing to file required reports on toxic chemicals.

Operations
EE Technologies, Inc's manufacturing network comprises locations in the Americas and Mexico. The company's services include design, engineering, manufacturing and systems assembly, fulfillment and after-market services.

Mexico Facility
In October 2005, EE Technologies, Inc expanded further with the opening of a facility in Empalme, Sonora, Mexico. The equipment, process, and training in the Mexico facility mirror the operations in Reno, Nevada. Both facilities are ISO/TS 16949:2002 certified.

References

Companies based in Reno, Nevada
Electronics companies of the United States
Electronics manufacturing companies
Fukuoka Subway 1000 series. The  is an electric multiple unit (EMU) train type operated by the Fukuoka City Transportation Bureau on the Hakozaki Line and Kūkō Line in Fukuoka, Japan. The trains also inter-run to/from the Chikuhi Line, operated by Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu).

Design
Because the train line runs near the coast, car bodies were constructed of a stainless steel skin on a conventional steel frame for corrosion resistance. The car bodies are unpainted with blue and white stripes representing the Genkai Sea.
Each car is  long with four pairs of doors per side. Early trainsets had opening windows, but these were subsequently replaced with sealed windows. The trains have emergency exit doors at the ends. The doors and window wipers were added after refurbishment.

Formation
, the fleet consists of 18 six-car sets formed as follows, with four motored ("M") cars and two non-powered driving trailer ("Tc") cars.

Cars 3 and 5 are each fitted with two cross-arm type pantographs.

Interior
The longitudinal seats are covered with a red moquette and some parts of the saloons feature woodgrain panelling. In 1982, wheelchair spaces were added to the cars. All cars are air-conditioned.

History

The 1000 series entered service on the Fukuoka City Subway coinciding with its opening on 26 July 1981. In 1982, it received the 22nd Laurel Prize.

Driver-only operation commenced on 20 January 1984, using automatic train control (ATC). The cabs are equipped with a master controller, brake handle, and automatic train stop (ATS) system for manual operation.

Refurbishment
Between 1997 and 2004, 15 years after the first trains were built and after the introduction of the 2000 series, the trains underwent refurbishment. After refurbishment, the trains were called 1000N series. Refurbishment included the following major modifications.
 Variable-frequency drive added
 Cab end window changed (similar to 2000 series)
 Large windows changed
 Rollsign destination indicators replaced with LED indicators
 Interior veneer panelling and floors changed
 Electronic displays showing next station, door chimes and wheelchair spaces

References

External links

 車両情報(1000N系)

Electric multiple units of Japan
1000 series
Train-related introductions in 1981
Kawasaki multiple units
Hitachi multiple units
Tokyu Car multiple units
Kinki Sharyo multiple units
Nippon Sharyo multiple units
1500 V DC multiple units of Japan
Infinis. Infinis Energy is a British renewable energy group headquartered in Northampton. Infinis produces electricity from captured landfill and mineral methane.

Infinis claims to have a net negative carbon emissions footprint.

History
The company was originally created in 2006 as a subsidiary of Waste Recycling Group whose area of operations was the generation of energy from gas originating from the landfill sites in the WRG portfolio. The parent company, Terra Firma Capital Partners, then sold WRG in July 2006 while retaining Infinis. Novera Energy was acquired in 2009, bringing additional landfill gas sites, along with hydroelectric sites and wind development sites. Infinis went on to buy one operational and two consented wind farms from E.ON in 2011 and four wind farms from SSE in 2010 and 2011.
After seven years of ownership by Terra Firma Capital Partners, the company was the subject of an IPO (initial public offering) in November 2013. Ian Marchant, formerly CEO of Scottish and Southern Energy, was appointed Independent Chairman of the Infinis Board, in September 2013 in the run up to the IPO. The company was acquired by Terra Firma Capital Partners in December 2015. 

Following the acquisition of the landfill gas business by 3i on 8 December 2016, Shane Pickering was appointed Chief Executive of Infinis and Director to the boards of the two new governing companies. Tony Cocker was appointed as Non-executive Director and Chairman to the Board of Infinis Energy Management Limited (the Infinis Group's governing board) on 1 August 2017. On 11 April 2018, Infinis acquired 100% of Alkane energy, an independent energy producer from coal mine methane and power response.

Operations
Infinis employs approximately 279 people across 153 operating sites with an aggregate generating capacity of 478MW*, comprising 121 landfill gas sites, 15 CMM sites and 17 PR sites.

See also
UK enterprise law
Infinis Energy Holdings Ltd v HM Treasury [2016] EWCA Civ 1030

References

External links
Official site

Energy companies established in 2006
British companies established in 2006
2006 establishments in England
Wearable augmented task-list interchange device. Wearable Augmented task-List Interchange Device (W.A.L.I.D) system was designed by computing researchers of the wearable computing group at the University of Oregon as a simulator to test wearable communities projects. The first version was used in testing the Negotiation System described in When Cyborgs Meet: Building Communities of Cooperating Wearable Agents, and as described in Modeling Wearable Negotiation in an Opportunistic Task Oriented Domain. The WALID simulator is also modified for the trust domain.

The experimental system of WALID is developed to test the weighing of trust versus self-interest. The experiment was made easy by the fact that Oregon computing researchers live and worked in the same neighbourhood in Eugene, Oregon.

In this experiment, two individuals use their mobile devices to negotiate about and to exchange real world tasks such as dropping off someone's dry cleaning of returning a book to the library. It is based on the ideal of "doing a favour for others knowing that one day they will do it for you".

The WALID system utilizes personal agent software to find nearby community members in close proximity to negotiate the exchange of tasks. Agents are made aware of the activities of the tasks and their locations via a user's task list. When an encounter occurs, negotiation is made and the tasks are exchanged if the negotiation goes through.

Ideas from game theory are employed to ensure that results negotiations are mutually beneficial; cooperation is conducted only if there is opportunity to enhance the user's objective.

Notes

Robotics projects
University of Oregon
Wearable computers
Ironclads: American Civil War. Ironclads: American Civil War () is a 3D naval historical turned-based strategy game based on the American Civil War.

The player operates a squadron of warships of the United States Navy or the Confederate States Navy: broadside ironclads, ironclad rams, ironclad turret ships, monitors, sloops-of-war, gunboats and screw commerce raiders. The player is tasked with destroying the opponent's ships, coastal batteries and warehouses.

A lot of attention went into the details, historical accuracy and convenience of the interface. 3D models of the ships are based on archival drawings. Realistic ship to ship combat simulating the characteristics of each ship, including: damage, flooding, fires, destruction, armor values and guns.

References

External links 
 Official website

2008 video games
Windows games
Windows-only games
American Civil War video games
Naval video games
Turn-based tactics video games
Video games developed in Russia
Strategy First games
Boundary vector field. The boundary vector field (BVF) is an external force for parametric active contours (i.e. Snakes). In the fields of computer vision and image processing, parametric active contours are widely used for segmentation and object extraction. The active contours move progressively towards its target based on the external forces. There are a number of shortcomings in using the traditional external forces, including the capture range problem, the concave object extraction problem, and high computational requirements.

The BVF is generated by an interpolation scheme which reduces the computational requirement significantly, and at the same time, improves the capture range and concave object extraction capability.

The BVF is also tested in moving object tracking and is proven to provide fast detection method for real time video applications.

References 

 K.W. Sum and Paul Y.S. Cheung, "Boundary Vector Field for Parametric Active Contours," Pattern Recognition, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 1635–1645, Jun 2007
 Rafael Verdú-Monedero, Juan Morales-Sánchez, and Luis Weruaga, "Convergence Analysis of Active Contours," Image and Vision Computing, vol. 26, issue 8, pp. 1118–1128, 2008
 N. Lin and B. Hu, "Moving Object Detection and Tracking in Video Sequences Based on Boundary Vector Field," Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 28, Jun 2008
 Pattern Recognition (Journal of the Pattern Recognition Society)
 Image and Vision Computing, Elsevier Journal
 Journal of Computer Applications 

Image processing
Animation terminology
Quality Software. Quality Software is a defunct American software developer and publisher which created games, business software, and development tools for the Exidy Sorcerer, Apple II, and Atari 8-bit computers in the late 1970s and early 1980s.  Asteroids in Space, written by programmer Bruce Wallace, was voted one of the most popular games of 1978-80 by Softalk magazine.

Games
1979
 Starbase Hyperion by Don Ursem 
1980
 Asteroids in Space by Bruce Wallace, later renamed Meteoroids in Space
 Battleship Commander by Matthew Jew and Erik Kilk
 Fastgammon by Bob Christiansen
 Fracas by Stuart Smith
 Head-On Collision by Lee Anders
 Tank Trap by Don Ursem
 Tari Trek by Fabio Ehrengruber
1981
 Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves by Stuart Smith
 Block Buster
 Martian Invaders by James Albanese
 QS Reversi by Lee Merrill
1982
 Beneath Apple Manor Special Edition by Don Worth
 Jeepers Creepers by James Albanese
 Name That Song by Jerry White
1983
 The Return of Heracles by Stuart Smith

Development tools
 Assembler by Gary Shannon (Atari 8-bit, 1980)
 6502 Disassembler by Bob Pierce (Atari 8-bit, 1980)
 Exidy Forth by James Albanese (Exidy Sorcerer, 1980)
 DPX Development Pac Extension by Don Ursem (Exidy Sorcerer, 1980)
 QS Forth by James Albanese (Atari 8-bit, 1981)
 Character Magic by Chris Hull (Atari 8-bit)

Books

References

External links
Quality Software entry at MobyGames

Defunct software companies of the United States
Defunct video game companies of the United States
Defunct companies based in California