omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Salman (rocket motor). The Salman () is a solid-propellant rocket motor designed and built by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. It is used as the second stage of the Qased and Qaem-100 satellite launch vehicles. The system was announced on 9 February 2020 and was launched for the first time on 22 April 2020, placing Iran's first military satellite, named Noor, into orbit.

Design 
Salman weighs 1,900 kilograms, has a diameter of 1 meter, and fires for 60 seconds. In contrast to previous Iranian commercial and military rocket designs, Salman has a wound carbon-fiber composite casing rather than the traditional steel motor casings typical of other Iranian designs, this drastically reduces weight and improves performance, allowing for more payload capacity.

Another break with past Iranian designs is the first ever use of gimballed thrust vector control (TVC) for steering as opposed to aerodynamic control surfaces, jet vanes, or vernier thrusters previously used. A steerable nozzle provides several advantages to Salman as opposed to other methods that result in its superior performance and efficiency; as opposed to jet vanes, no thrust is lost in a gimballed system when steering; control surfaces only work in endo-atmospheric flight and cannot be used for injecting satellites or atmospheric re-entry; vernier thrusters and their associated piping, turbopumps and tanks are heavy and their omission could make way for a larger payload.

Launch history

See also 

 Qased (rocket)
 Qaem-100 (rocket)
 IRGC Aerospace Force
 Noor (satellite)
 List of upper-stages
 Iranian Space Agency

References 

Rocket stages
JOD 35. The JOD 35 or Jeanneau One Design 35 is a French sailboat that was designed by Daniel Andrieu as a one design racer and first built in 1991.

The JOD 35 was the one design class boat for the Tour de France à la voile from 1992 to 1998.

Production
The design was built by Jeanneau in France, from 1991 until 1995 with 240 boats completed, but it is now out of production.

Design

The Jeanneau One Design 35 is a racing keelboat, built predominantly of polyester fiberglass, including a PVC-fiberglass sandwich, with carbon fiber reinforcement. It has a fractional sloop rig, with a keel-stepped mast, two sets of swept spreaders, and aluminum spars with discontinuous stainless steel rod rigging. The hull has a raked stem, a reverse transom with steps, an internally mounted spade-type rudder controlled by a tiller and a fixed fin keel with an L-shaped weighted bulb. It displaces  and carries  of cast iron ballast.

The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel.

The boat is fitted with a Japanese Yanmar 2GMF Yanmar 2GM20 diesel engine of  for docking and maneuvering. The fuel tank holds  and the fresh water tank has a capacity of .

The design has sleeping accommodation for six people, with a double "V"-berth in the bow cabin, two straight settee berths in the main cabin two quarter berths aft. The galley is located on the port side just forward of the companionway ladder. The galley is L-shaped and is equipped with a two-burner stove, an ice box and a sink. A navigation station is opposite the galley, on the starboard side. The head is located in the bow cabin under the "V"-berth. Cabin maximum headroom is .

For sailing downwind the design may be equipped with a symmetrical spinnaker of .

The design has a hull speed of  and a PHRF handicap of 78 to 90.

Operational history
Introduced at the Paris Boat Show in 1990, the JOD 35 was selected to succeed the Selection 37 in the Tour de France à la voile in 1992, and was replaced by the Mumm 30 for 1999. It was also the boat used in the ACI Match Race Cup in Croatia.

During its time as the Tour de France à la voile boat, it was supported by that organization as a one-design class.

See also
List of sailing boat types

References

External links

Video tour of the Jeanneau One Design 35

Keelboats
1990s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
One-design sailing classes
Tour de France à la voile
Sailboat type designs by Daniel Andrieu
Sailboat types built by Jeanneau
Blue Origin NS-16. Blue Origin NS-16 was a sub-orbital spaceflight mission operated by Blue Origin which flew on 20 July 2021. The mission was the sixteenth flight of the company's New Shepard integrated launch vehicle and spacecraft, and its first crewed flight. It carried into space American billionaire and Blue Origin founder Jeff Bezos, his brother Mark, pilot and Mercury 13 member Wally Funk, and Dutch student Oliver Daemen. The flight commenced from Blue Origin's Corn Ranch sub-orbital launch site in West Texas aboard the third flight of New Shepard booster NS4 and the spacecraft RSS First Step, both having previously flown on NS-14 and NS-15 earlier in the year.

Blue Origin NS-16 was the first human spaceflight from the U.S. state of Texas. Daemen, aged 18, and Funk, aged 82, became the youngest and oldest people to travel to space, respectively, until William Shatner took the record of oldest in space at age 90 on NS-18. The flight was approximately 10 minutes, and crossed the Kármán Line. The mission became the first fully automated flight with civilian passengers, as well as the first multi-person, internationally recognized sub-orbital spaceflight.

Crew 
Four crewmembers flew on Blue Origin NS-16. Originally, the anonymous winner (later revealed as Justin Sun) of a US$28 million auction held by Blue Origin in support of its Club for the Future program was to be the fourth crewmember on RSS First Step. However, the anonymous winner had unspecified scheduling conflicts and was re-manifested for a future New Shepard flight; Oliver Daemen took the vacated position. Oliver's father Joes Daemen, the CEO of private equity firm Somerset Capital Partners, paid for the fourth seat; Joes had come second in the auction for the seat, so after the auction winner (Justin Sun) did not take the seat, it was passed onto Joes, who paid for the seat and gave it to Oliver.

References 

Space tourism
2021 in spaceflight
Test spaceflights
Aviation history of the United States
Suborbital human spaceflights
2021 in Texas
2021 in aviation
July 2021 in the United States
New Shepard missions
Spaceflight
Michael Fantini. Michael A. Fantini is a retired United States Air Force major general who last served as the commander of the Air Force Warfighting Integration Capability. Previously, he was the director of global power programs in the Office of the Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Acquisition. Fantini earned a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering from The Catholic University of America in 1986. He later received a master's degree in aeronautical science from Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University in 1996 and a master's degree in national security studies from the National War College in 2005.

References

External links
 

 

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Catholic University of America alumni
Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University alumni
National War College alumni
Recipients of the Legion of Merit
United States Air Force generals
Recipients of the Defense Superior Service Medal
Data build tool. Data build tool (dbt)  is an open-source command line tool that helps analysts and engineers transform data in their warehouse more effectively.

History 
It started at RJMetrics in 2016 as a solution to add basic transformation capabilities to Stitch (acquired by Talend in 2018). The earliest versions of dbt allowed analysts to contribute to the data transformation process following the best practices of software engineering.

From the beginning, dbt was open source. In 2018, the dbt Labs team (then called Fishtown Analytics) released a commercial product on top of dbt Core.

Funding 
In April 2020, dbt Labs announced its Series A led by Andreessen Horowitz. In November, dbt Labs announced its Series B led by Andreessen Horowitz and Sequoia. And in June 2021, dbt Labs raised its Series C led by Altimeter, Sequoia, and Andreessen Horowitz. In February 2022, the company raised $222 million for its Series D, at a $4.2 billion valuation.

Overview
Dbt enables analytics engineers to transform data in their warehouses by writing select statements, and turns these select statements into tables and views. Dbt does the transformation (T) in extract, load, transform (ELT) processes – it does not extract or load data, but is designed to be performant at transforming data already inside of a warehouse. Dbt has the goal of allowing analysts to work more like software engineers, in line with the dbt viewpoint.

Dbt uses YAML files to declare properties. seed is a type of reference table used in dbt for static or infrequently changed data, like for example country codes or lookup tables), which are CSV based and typically stored in a seeds folder.

References

Data warehousing
Business analytics
Free software programmed in Python
Ikarus 260. The Ikarus 260 is a high-floor, three-door bus for city and suburban transportation purposes. It was made from 1971 to  2002 by the Hungarian bus manufacturer Ikarus, making it the longest manufactured, largest quantity model of the factory.

History 

The model featured a high-floor body, with the engine mounted under the floor in order to spare space and achieve better weight distribution. Designing began in 1966, with the main designer being László Finta, the designer of the predecessing Ikarus 556 and 180 models. The first three prototypes left the Mátyásföld plant in 1970, with serial production starting in 1972.

With Hungary being the leading bus manufacturer in the Comecon area, the demand for the new model grew quickly. Outside Hungary, the largest importers were the Soviet Union and the GDR, but the model drew so much attention that it reached outside the Iron Curtain, with vehicles being exported as far away as Iceland and Taiwan.

In its native Hungary, the model was a long-term success. Every bus company used the 260s to cover their routes from city to suburban, and even sometimes interurban traffic. During its peak in the 1980s, Ikarus 260, along with its articulated urban counterpart, the Ikarus 280, and its interurban counterparts, the Ikarus 250 and Ikarus 266 were almost exclusively the sole bus models that the general public could board for their respective rides.

The factory, overgrowing with confidence in the model's success, turned little attention towards developing the successor of the increasingly obsolete 260s, the Ikarus 415. Instead, Ikarus invested in a huge re-manufacturing effort in the late 80s to replace the aged out fleet of their Hungarian and Soviet partners, with only minor optical differences applied compared to the original buses dating to the early seventies. While the plan worked short-term, the lack of modernization later came with grave consequences.

In the 1990s, the factory experimented with a modernized facelift version of the 200 series, culminating in the Ikarus Classic series, where the 2 was replaced with a C in the model code (i. e. Ikarus 280 -> Ikarus C80). While popular with the suburban and interurban companies of Hungary, it failed to draw attention as it was too obsolete for the international market.

The last ever Ikarus 260 left the Székesfehérvár plant in 2002, and became a part of the Szeged local transport system.

References

Bibliography 
Gerlei Tamás, Kukla László, dr. Lovász György: Az Ikarus évszázados története. Budapest: Maróti Könyvkereskedés és Könyvkiadó Kft. 2008. ISBN 9789639005853

External links 

Ikarus buses
Step-entrance buses
Vehicles introduced in 1972
Mark Shtaif. Mark Shtaif (Hebrew: מרק שטייף) is an Israeli communication scientist, and a professor of electrical engineering at the faculty of engineering of Tel Aviv University. As of October 2020, he serves as Tel Aviv University’s rector.

Biography

Early life 
Mark Shtaif was born in 1966 in Kishinev of the former USSR. His father Abraham was an engineer of agricultural machinery and his mother Tania worked as a pediatrician. His family immigrated to Israel in April 1973 when he was 7 years old.

Education and career 
After graduating from the Reali high-school in Haifa, and following a mandatory military service, he completed the bachelor, masters and doctorate degrees in electrical engineering at the Technion in 1997 and joined the light-wave research lab of AT&T in Red Bank NJ. His initial position at AT&T was of a post-doctoral fellow, but he was soon promoted to the position of a senior and subsequently principal member of technical staff and specialized on the theoretical modeling of fiber communications systems. In 2000 he assumed the position of a principal architect at a newly established optical communication start-up named Celion Networks. Later in 2002 he joined Tel Aviv University’s faculty of engineering, where he has been teaching and conducting research ever since.

His fields of research focus primarily on fiber optics and optical communication systems. Within this general area of activity he integrates the fields of optics, quantum theory, nonlinear systems, communications theory, information theory, and signal processing. Over the years he has contributed to a variety of topics including optical amplification, analysis of nonlinear propagation, polarization-related phenomena, analyses of noise and signal detection, quantum information in fiber systems, and fundamental limits to optical communications.

In the years 2014 – 2017 he headed the department of Physical Electronics within the School of Electrical Engineering in Tel Aviv University, and in 2017 – 2020 he was the head of the entire school. In October 2020 he was appointed rector of Tel Aviv University.

Personal life 
Mark  Shtaif is married to Michal, an educational councilor. They have three children and reside in the town of Even Yehuda.

References

External links
 Profile on DBLP website
 Shtaif discussing the history of quantum communications in 2014 at memorial symposium for James P. Gordon on YouTube

1966 births
Living people
Academics from Tel Aviv
Bessarabian Jews
Electrical engineers
Tel Aviv University people
Santu Shahaney. Santu Jouharmal Shahaney was an IOFS officer.  He served as the first Indian Director General of the Indian Ordnance Factories. He was awarded Padma Shri in 1962, and Padma Bhushan in 1965, for his contributions during the Indo-China War of 1962 and the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, respectively. He studied Mechanical Engineering at the Imperial College, London, then a constituent of the University of London. He died at the age of 48. His younger brother was Ram Shahaney, the first Chairman and Managing Director of Ashok Leyland, and Bhagwan Shahaney, a brigadier in the Indian Army and Chairman of Instrumentation Limited, Kota, he was a recipient of Padma Shri. All three brothers studied engineering in England.

References 

Indian Ordnance Factories Service officers
Indian civil servants
Indian government officials
Indian engineers
Joanne Bechta Dugan. Joanne Bechta Dugan (born 1958) is an American computer engineer whose research concerns fault tolerance in computer systems, fault tree analysis, and the dynamic fault tree method for the probabilistic analysis of fault tolerance. She is a professor of electrical and computer engineering at the University of Virginia.

Education
Dugan studied mathematics and computer science as an undergraduate at La Salle College, graduating in 1980. She went to Duke University for graduate study, and earned a master's degree and PhD in electrical engineering there. Her 1984 dissertation, Extended Stochastic Petri Nets: Applications and Analysis, was jointly supervised by Kishor S. Trivedi and Robert M. Geist III.

Recognition
Dugan was named a Fellow of the IEEE in 2000, "for contributions to dependability analysis of fault tolerant computer systems". In the same year she won the IEEE Reliability Society Award for "contributions of new techniques for fault tree analysis, including theoretical advances, practical application and technology transfer through software tool development". She won the Harriett B. Rigas Award of the IEEE Education Society in 2003 for her contributions to undergraduate education.

In 2016, the La Salle University Computer Science Programs Advisory Board gave Dugan their IT Leadership Award.

References

1958 births
Living people
American computer scientists
American women computer scientists
American electrical engineers
American women engineers
La Salle University alumni
Duke University alumni
University of Virginia faculty
Fellows of the IEEE
21st-century American women
H. G. S. Murthy. Dr. Holenarasipura Govindrao Srinivasa Murthy was an IOFS officer and a space scientist. He was known as one of the "Seven Pioneers of the Indian Space Programme". He served at the Machine Tool Prototype Factory (MTPF), Ambernath, and as the first Director of the Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS), and the Space Science & Technology Centre, now known as the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). He was awarded Padma Shri in 1969 by the Government of India. He was PhD in Aerospace engineering from the University of Minnesota. He was also the Vice-President of the International Aeronautical Federation from 1970 to 1972. He interviewed and recruited A. P. J. Abdul Kalam into ISRO.

References 

Indian Ordnance Factories Service officers
Indian space scientists
Indian scientists
Space programme of India
Victorian Railways D class (1876). The D class of 1876 was the first example of American-built locomotives to be used on Victorian Railways, and among the first such engines to operate in Australia. 

Both examples were scrapped.

References

Specific

External links 
 
 

4-4-0 locomotives
D class 1876
Railway locomotives introduced in 1876
Broad gauge locomotives in Australia
Scrapped locomotives
Rogers locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1877
Passenger locomotives
Gordon Henry Newstead. Gordon Henry Newstead  (1 July 1917 – 1 November 1987) was an Australian electrical engineering professor at University of Tasmania and Australian National University.

Early life and education 
Gordon Henry Newstead was born on 1 July 1917 in Cairo, Egypt to Julius Leonard Neustadt and wife Eleanor Sarah (née Culmer). Julius was born in Sydney and served in the Australian Imperial Forces; Eleanor was born in England and served as a nurse. His family moved to Australia in late 1917 and changed the family name from Neustadt to Newstead. He grew up in Melbourne and graduated from Melbourne High School.  He attended University of Melbourne where he got his Bachelor's in Electrical Engineering in 1940, and his Master's in 1945 with a master's thesis "Engineering Radio". He was a senior demonstrator in electrical engineering in 1940 and worked with the Department of Civil Aviation from 1941 to 1944.

Career 
He became a lecturer at University of Tasmania in 1944, and a senior lecturer there in 1949. He studied low frequency radio astronomy. In 1956, he had a brief position as a reader at University of Adelaide and then in 1957, he became a Foundation professor at University of Tasmania, where he taught for nine years and occasionally served as a dean. He also served as an associate-commissioner of the Hydro-Electric Commission from 1957 to 1984, and the president of the Institution of Engineers Tasmanian division in 1963. He also served as an overseas representative of the British Institution of Electrical Engineers.

In 1965, he moved to Australian National University in Canberra where he served as a consultant to their Research School of Physical Sciences on their homopolar generator project. He stayed there and was appointed professor and head of their department of engineering physics. He was also a deputy master at University House there. In 1969 he co-edited the third edition of An Introduction to the Laplace Transformation with Engineering Application with J. C. Jaeger.

Retirement 
Newstead retired from ANU in 1970 as an emeritus professor, and returned to Hobart in Tasmania. He served as a council-member of the Tasmanian College of Advanced Education from 1972 to 1976 and on the Tertiary Education Commission's Advanced Education Council from 1977 to 1985. In 1979 he was chairman of the Tasmania Energy Research Committee. In 1985, he received the OBE for services in the power industry.

Personal life 
Newstead married Betty McCarthy in 1944 at St Peter's Church of England, Brighton Beach. d. 1986. They have two children.

Death 
Newstead died on 1 November 1987 in Hobart. He is buried in South Arm.

Notable publications 
 General Circuit Theory, Methuen monograph, 1959
 An Introduction to the Laplace Transformation with Engineering Application, with C.J. Jaeger, 3rd ed., Methuen monograph, 1969, ISBN 9780412206801

References 

1917 births
1987 deaths
Academic staff of the University of Tasmania
Academic staff of the Australian National University
Australian electrical engineers
Egyptian emigrants to Australia
People educated at Melbourne High School
University of Melbourne alumni
Luo Xiwen. Luo Xiwen (born 2 December 1945) is a Chinese engineer in the fields of agricultural mechanization. He is a member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He is the chairman of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery and honorary chairman of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering. He is a member of the American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers.

Biography
Luo was born into a peasant family in Zhuzhou, Hunan, on 2 December 1945. After graduating from Huazhong University of Science and Technology in 1969, he was despatched to the Tongren Agricultural Machinery Factory in southwest China's Guizhou province. After he earned a master's degree in agricultural mechanization from South China Agricultural University in 1982, he stayed at the university and worked as associate professor (1987), full professor (1992), and doctoral supervisor (1993). He was a visiting scholar at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and Virginia State University from October 1987 to July 1988 and the University of Kentucky from August 1988 to July 1989. He was appointed director of the Department of Agricultural Engineering, South China Agricultural University, in June 1992, concurrently holding the dean of the School of Engineering position. He was its vice president in May 1996, and held that office until May 2006. On 28 May 2021, he became leader of the Expert Guidance Group of Crop Production Mechanization of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs.

Works

Honours and awards
 2009 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)
 2020 Member of the (International Academy of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering (IAABE)

References

1945 births
Living people
People from Zhuzhou
Engineers from Hunan
Huazhong University of Science and Technology alumni
South China Agricultural University alumni
Academic staff of the South China Agricultural University
Members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering