omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Mechanical vapor recompression. Mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) is an energy recovery process which can be used to recycle waste heat to improve efficiency. Typically, the compressed vapor is fed back to help heat the mother liquor in order to produce more vapor or steam.

Applications

Current
Mechanical vapor recompression is used chiefly in industrial processes such as evaporation and distillation. Heat from the condenser, which would otherwise be lost, can be recovered and used in the evaporation process.

Past

MVR was successfully tested in a locomotive under the name of "The Anderson System". Testing found that it almost completely eliminated steam ejection, as well as greatly reduced operating noise. An Harold Holcroft, organiser of the tests wrote the following:
"In the ordinary way this would have created much noise and clouds of steam, but with the condensing set in action it was all absorbed with the ease with which snow would melt in a furnace! The engine was as silent as an electric locomotive and the only faint noises were due to slight pounding of the rods and a small blow at a piston gland. This had to be experienced to be believed; but for the regulator being wide open and the reverser well over, one would have imagined that the second engine (an LSWR T14 class that had been provided as a back-up) was propelling the first". 
The trials continued until 1934 but various problems arose, mostly with the fan for forced draught, and the project went no further. The locomotive was converted back to standard form in 1935.

MVR was also used in the Cristiani compressed steam system for locomotive transmission. Although it was technically feasible, it failed to become popular because of its complexity.

Benefits 
The main benefit of MVR mechanical vapour recompression is that it allows for significant energy savings.

 Lower energy requirement
 Lower operating cost
 Very small capacity of Boiler or No Boiler
 No cooling water required
 Usually 1 or 2 effect which will simplify operation
 More than 97% of recovered Water can be recycled to process
 Smaller footprint
 Lower carbon footprint

Alternatives 
Alternatives to mechanical vapor recompression (MVR) are:

Multiple effect evaporation (MEE)
Thermal vapor recompression (TVR) (also known as thermocompression)

A combination of the three methods may be used depending on the process.  For instance, a 3-effect evaporator circuit may be installed using MVR to transfer heat.

References

Energy recovery
Wilbur R. LePage. Wilbur Reed LePage was an American professor and department chair of electrical and computer engineering at Syracuse University. He was the author of numerous textbooks, including Complex Variables and the Laplace Transform for Engineers and Applied APL Programming. He was a noted authority on the APL programming language.

During World War II, he helped develop the proximity fuze, used to detonate explosives when they are close enough to damage their target.

In 1953, LePage testified before Senator Joseph McCarthy, denying having any Communist affiliations during his time at the Griffiss Air Force Base radar research center.

LePage graduated from Cornell University with a degree in electrical engineering in 1933, earned a master's from the University of Rochester, and returned to Cornell to earn a PhD in 1941. He was a member of the Quill and Dagger society. He also held membership in the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, Sigma Xi, Tau Beta Pi, Eta Kappa Nu, and Phi Kappa Phi.

References

Cornell University alumni
Syracuse University faculty
1996 deaths
University of Rochester alumni
Members of Phi Kappa Phi
Real-time enterprise. Real-time enterprise (commonly abbreviated to RTE) is a concept in business systems design focused on ensuring organisational responsiveness that was popularised in the first decade of the 21st century. It is also referred to as on-demand enterprise. Such an enterprise must be able to fulfill orders as soon as they are needed, and current information is available within a company at all times. This is achieved through the use of integrated systems including ERP, CRM and SCM.

Though not particularly well defined, generally accepted goals of an RTE include:
Reduced response times for partners and customers
Increased transparency, for example sharing or reporting information across an enterprise instead of keeping it within individual departments
Increased automation, including communications, accounting, supply chains and reporting
Increased competitiveness
Reduced costs

See also
Business process management (BPM)
Complex event processing (CEP)
Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
Customer relationship management (CRM)
Supply chain management (SCM)

References

External links
Gartner
Dawn of the real-time enterprise at InfoWorld
White Paper on Real Time Enterprises by Vinod Khosla & Murugan Pal

Business management

Business planning
Business analysis
Business models
Collaborative development environment. A collaborative development environment (CDE) is an online meeting space where a software development project's stakeholders can work together, no matter what time zone or region they are in, to discuss, document, and produce project deliverables. The term was coined in 2002 by Grady Booch and Alan W. Brown.

It is seen as an evolution from the integrated development environment (IDE), which combined programming tools on the desktop, and the extended development environment (XDE), which combined lifecycle development tools with an IDE (such as Microsoft Azure DevOps and the IBM Rational Rose XDE); while the IDE focuses on tools to support the individual developer, the CDE focuses on supporting the needs of the development team as a whole. 

Although growing from a tool base in the software development sector, the CDE has been taken up in other sectors, with teams typically geographically dispersed, where it is beneficial to be able to collaborate across the web, including automotive and aeronautical engineering, movie production, and civil engineering.

Typical Functionalities
 Version control system
 Bug tracking system
 Todo list
 Mailing list
 Document management system
 Forum

See also
Application lifecycle management (ALM)
Forge (software)
Online integrated development environment (Online IDE or Web IDE)
Project management software
Systems development life cycle
Software project management
Computer-supported collaboration

References

Integrated development environments
Sparkleball. A sparkleball is an ornament handmade out of Christmas lights and cups, most usually plastic cups. (Sparkleballs have also been built from bottles and other vessels.) Instructions for making these illuminated spheres have been passed by word of mouth for forty or more years, but their inventor and origin are a mystery.  Different methods can be used to attach the cups including soldering, cable ties, hot glue gun, and stapling with a plier stapler. One or more bulbs from a strand of lights is inserted through a hole in the cup bottoms, so each cup becomes a reflective chamber.  The size and shape of the cup determine the size of the sparkleball.  Distant relative of the disco ball and an American outsider craft, sparkleballs can be spotted all over the United States, particularly in campgrounds and during the holidays.The largest number of sparkleballs in one display are on the "Sparkleball Streets" of Fullerton CA during the holidays. 1535 sparkle balls counted in 2024. Residents of North Yale, Princeton, Union and Nutwood Avenues  hang hundreds of sparkleballs from their trees after Thanksgiving, a tradition started by Bill and Don Bales.

References

Crafts
G. Unger Vetlesen. Georg Unger Vetlesen (January 31, 1889 – March 22, 1955) was a Norwegian-American shipbuilder and philanthropist.

Background 
Vetlesen was born in Oslo, Norway, the son of a well-known Norwegian surgeon. At age eleven, he became a crew member on a ship bound for Copenhagen. He earned degrees in naval architecture and mechanical engineering from the Imperial Institute of London, and went on to work for a British shipbuilding firm. In 1913, Vetlesen migrated to Canada where he worked as a miner. In 1916 he migrated to the United States and worked in the shipbuilding industry.

Career 
During World War II, Vetlesen worked to rebuild the Royal Norwegian Air Force. In 1943 he joined the United States Navy, as a Commander in the Special Forces headquarters in London to work with the Norwegian resistance. After the war, Vetlesen led the United States company representing the Norwegian America Line, and was a founder and chairman of the board of Scandinavian Airlines System.

Personal life
In 1932, Vetlesen married Maude Monell (1877-1958), widow of Ambrose Monell (1873-1921), the former Chairman of International Nickel Company, Ltd. who had died in 1921. G. Unger Vetlesen died in Queens County, New York on March 22, 1955.

G. Unger Vetlesen Foundation
G. Unger Vetlesen established the foundation which bears his name shortly before his death in 1955. In addition to the Vetlesen Prize, the foundation provides support in the Earth sciences for institutions of excellence. The prize is awarded for scientific achievement resulting in a clearer understanding of the Earth, its history, or its relations to the universe. The prize is awarded on average once every two years if the jury selects at least one worthy candidate during this period.

See also

 Vetlesen Prize
RV Vema

References

Other Reading
Smith, Richard Harris (2005) OSS.  The Secret History of America's First Central Intelligence Agency (The Lyons Press)

External links
G Unger Vetlesen (RB SHIPPING)  Norwegian
The G. Unger Vetlesen Foundation and The Ambrose Monell Foundation websites

1889 births
1955 deaths
20th-century Norwegian businesspeople
Norwegian military personnel of World War II
Norwegian emigrants to the United States
United States Navy officers
United States Navy personnel of World War II
20th-century American philanthropists
LDE – Edward Bury to Pfeil. The EDWARD BURY to PFEIL series of early German locomotives were tender engines operated by the Leipzig–Dresden Railway Company (Leipzig-Dresdner Eisenbahn or LDE).

History 
The four locomotives were delivered to the LDE in 1838 by Edward Bury and Company of Liverpool, England. They were given the names EDWARD BURY, DRACHE, ADLER and PFEIL.

The locomotives were retired between 1847 and 1854.

Technical features 

The boiler was rivetted from several sections. The outer firebox was furnished with a dome that projected a long way forward over the boiler barrel and acted as the steam collection space. The two spring balance safety valves were located on the outer firebox. Two piston pumps provided boiler feedwater; they were driven via an eccentric cam from one of the axles.

The steam cylinder was based on English construction principles and located inside under the level of the axles which meant it required an expensive and heavy cranked axle. The engine drove the second coupled axle. The steam engine was probably fitted with a simple Stephenson valve gear without a steam expansion stage, which would not have permitted any control of steam admission.

The locomotives did not have their own braking equipment. Braking could only be achieved using a hand-operated screw brake on the tender.

See also 
Royal Saxon State Railways
List of Saxon locomotives and railbuses
Leipzig–Dresden Railway Company

Sources 
 
 
 

0-4-0 locomotives
Locomotives of Saxony
Early steam locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of Germany
Railway locomotives introduced in 1837
Passenger locomotives
Lotus Foundations. Lotus Foundations is a bundled small-business server solutions package by IBM. The package includes Lotus Domino, directory services, file management, firewall, backup, web hosting and various other productivity tools.

History 
The product's release was a direct result of IBM's acquisition of Net Integration Technologies, which has been integrated into the IBM Lotus division.  The original pre-acquisition product was based on the Net Integrator Mark 1 server appliance and its NITIX Autonomic Linux Server OS.

Lotus Foundations was introduced to market as a hardware appliance late in 2008, and a software-only appliance was also made available. In 2010 Lotus Foundations hardware appliance was discontinued and software-only appliance followed suit in February  2011.  In June 2011, however, Lotus Foundations software appliance was reinstated on sale, but IBM does not sell it directly anymore, distributing it through selected Business Partners instead.

IBM Lotus Foundations products were withdrawn from marketing on March 14, 2013 and are no longer available for purchase. Support for IBM Lotus Foundations products was withdrawn on September 30, 2014.

Lotus Domino
Lotus Domino is an IBM server product that provides enterprise-grade e-mail, collaboration capabilities, and custom application platform. It can be used as an application server for Lotus Notes applications and/or as a web server. It also has a built-in database system in the NSF format.

Firewall
The Lotus Foundations firewall is GUI-based, designed for ease of use and features auto-configuration of firewall settings. The firewall allows incoming FTP (active and passive Mode), HTTP, HTTPS and SMTP while allowing outgoing DNS, FTP, HTTP, HTTPS and telnet as well as the IMAP, POP3 and SMTP mail protocols.

References

External links

IBM - Lotus Foundations Start page

Web server software
Message transfer agents
Groupware
Domino
Technical Alliance. The Technical Alliance was a group of engineers, scientists, and technicians based in New York City, formed towards the end of 1919 by American engineer Howard Scott. The Alliance started an Energy Survey of North America, aimed at documenting the wastefulness of the capitalist system.

The Technical Alliance advocated a more rational and productive society headed by technical experts, but their survey work failed to have a significant impact. Although some waste was documented, the "prosperity and conservatism of the 1920s undermined the political orientation of the Technical Alliance", and it disbanded in 1921, and the energy survey was not completed.

Members 
The Technical Alliance was by no means a mass organization, but it did have some notable members and technical experts. Apart from Scott, other members of the Technical Alliance included:
 Frederick L. Ackerman
 Carl C. Alsberg
 Alice Barrows
 Allen Carpenter
 Stuart Chase
 L.K. Comstock
 Bassett Jones
 Robert H. Kohn
 Benton MacKaye
 Leland Olds
 Charles P. Steinmetz
 Richard C. Tolman
 John C. Vaughan
 Thorstein Veblen
 Charles H. Whitaker

References

Sources 

 
 
 

Technocracy movement
PCOE. PCOE, PCoE or P.C.o.E. may refer to:

 Parshvanath College of Engineering, an engineering college located in Thane (west) in Maharashtra state of India, and affiliated to the University of Mumbai.
 Patton College of Education in Athens, Ohio, affiliated with Ohio University.
 Spanish Communist Workers' Party (1921), a minor communist political party founded in 1921 in Spain.
 Spanish Communist Workers' Party (1973), a minor communist political party founded in 1973 in Spain.
 Pharmacy Centric Order Entry, used for electronically prescribing of medications>
Ceramic heat cell. A ceramic heat cell, also known as Caloric Porous Structure Cell (CPSC), is a ceramic device to burn a fuel without flame, converting the thermal energy to mechanical work.  In principle any fuel that can be vapourised and pre-mixed with air can be used. "Ultra vaporized steam" replaces the exploding air/fuel mixture as the work medium. The flameless combustion keeps emissions of  hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and nitrous oxides extremely low. Exhaust gas can be recirculated, which further reduces emissions.

A ceramic heat cell made by German firm Enginion is claimed to  generate up to 30 megawatts of power per cubic meter, operating at a moderate temperature of 1200 °C, with output varying from 5% to 100% of this, responding in 5 milliseconds. Emissions are claimed to be well below 10 parts per million even without exhaust gas recirculation. A glow plug is used to start the cell.

References

Energy conversion
LDE – Elbe to Hayn. The ELBE to HAYN series of early, German, steam locomotives were equipped with tenders and operated by the Leipzig–Dresden Railway Company (Leipzig-Dresdner Eisenbahn or LDE).

History 
The five locomotives were delivered to the LDE in 1848 and 1849 by  Borsig of Berlin. They were given the names ELBE, BERLIN, MULDE, MEISSEN and HAYN.

The engines were retired in 1868/69.

Technical features 

The boiler was rivetted from several sections. The outer firebox was equipped with a semi-circular dome that extended forward over the boiler barrel and acted as a steam collection space. In addition there was a steam dome on the front section of the boiler. The two spring balance safety valves were located on the steam dome and dome of the outer firebox.

The steam cylinders were located externally, unlike those on English locomotives, which avoided the need for a cranked axle that would have been expensive and difficult to manufacture. The steam engine was equipped with inside Borsig double valve gear driven via two eccentric cams.

The locomotives did not have their own braking equipment. Braking could only be achieved using the hand-operated screw brake on the tender.

The locomotives had Kirchweger condensers to pre-heat the feedwater. An external feature of that is the second chimney on the tender. Exhaust steam was led from the steam chest to the tender through a low-down, 100 mm, connecting pipe.

See also 
Royal Saxon State Railways
List of Saxon locomotives and railbuses
Leipzig–Dresden Railway Company

Sources 

 
 
 

2-2-2 locomotives
Locomotives of Saxony
Borsig locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1848
Standard gauge locomotives of Germany
Passenger locomotives
Hidroconstrucția. Hidroconstrucţia  is a large Romanian construction company specialised in the construction of dams and hydropower stations. The company has constructed hydro power stations in Romania, Algeria, Germany and Iran with a total of 6,411 MW.

During its fifty years of existence the company constructed:
172 dams out of which 144 made of concrete with heights up to 168 m;
176 HPP with an installed power of up to 1050 MW/HPP
837 km. water headraces, having diameters of up to 7.50 m;
189 km. deviation canals and tailraces for the HPP;
495 million cu.m. of excavations in alluvia;
80.8 million cu.m. of excavations in rock;
474 million cu.m. of ballast fillings;
44 million cu.m. of rockfill;
40.9 million cu.m. of concrete above – and underground;
27.4 million sq.m. of drywalls for dikes;
5.7 million sq.m. of tightening walls;
539 km. of drillings and groutings;
355 km. motorways, national roads and other road rehabilitation;
212 km. country roads;
123 bridges totaling 6,320 m in length;
854 km. pipelines for water supply and sewerage;
283,000 sq.m. civil and industrial constructions.

References

External links
Official website 

Construction and civil engineering companies of Romania
Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1950
Privately held companies of Romania
1950 establishments in Romania
Companies based in Bucharest
Tortuga (software). Tortuga is a software framework for discrete event simulation in Java. A Tortuga simulation can be written either as interacting processes or as scheduled events. A Tortuga simulation can have thousands of entities, and can be part of a larger Java system.

License
Tortuga as an open source project under the Lesser General Public License, version 2.1 (LGPLv2.1). Tortuga meets the licensing requirements by providing all source code and binary executables available for download at the primary website listed in the "external links" section below.

Run-time and development environment
Tortuga simulations run on Microsoft Windows XP and Windows Vista as well as on Linux, macOS, BSD and Unix. They can also be used in an applet environment, although this typically requires a signed applet. As part of its support for simulation, Tortuga employs tools from aspect-oriented programming, or AOP. You need not be familiar with AOP to use Tortuga: your simulation classes are written in standard Java. However, the use of AOP in Tortuga requires more elaborate compilation that mere javac. This has been wrapped up in an Ant task included in tortuga.jar. This task is the reason it is assumed Tortuga-based simulations are using Ant to build.

Tortuga programming paradigm
Tortuga utilizes a programming paradigm that greatly reduces the burden on the simulation on developer. Tortuga treats each simulation entity as a separate thread and allows the user to specify a run method. This allows the developer to focus on simulation specifics without littering event handler code all over the place. This means that a Tortuga simulation is inherently limited by the number of threads the JVM is able to support. This limit becomes an upper bound on the number of actors, and with the 1.5 Sun-based JRE the limit was about 6,000.

Author and maintainer
Tortuga was developed by Fred Kuhl and Richard Weatherly of The MITRE Corporation in 2004-2006 and they continue to maintain it.

External links
 The project page for Tortuga
 The download page for Tortuga
 The source code for Tortuga
 TUFDefender - a simulation based on Tortuga

Simulation software
Hanco International. In 1926, Frank Hannon opened a small electrical shop in Canton, Ohio. The northeast Ohio region is well known for mineral resources of clay, coal, and limestone as well as the steel, brick and rubber industries. F.R. Hannon & Sons was the trade name created to serve these local industries. These local products and services evolved into what is known around the world today as Hanco International ().

Throughout the years, many different products such as stack draft fans, kiln cooling fans, and quick disconnect plugs were all manufactured. In the late 1940s, Hanco developed several products that continue in production today.

Today, Hanco International products are sold and serviced throughout the world.

The Flux-Powered Screen Heating System 
Not only was Hanco International the first to offer a heated screen system     , but in 1961, Thomas Hannon (Frank's son), patented the Flux-Power 
Screen Heating System ( ) and the method associated with it, along with innovating the a clamp bar to assure better results. Electrically heated screens allow for accurate sizing of aggregates and raw materials in a variety of industries.

PPE Testing Equipment 
The company has also diversified itself early on by offering high voltage di-electric testing machines which were developed for production testing of linemen's rubber gloves, as well as other protective equipment used in the power utility industry. Hanco has also engineered and manufactured specialty electrical control systems for a variety of industries and applications.

Gallery

References 
 Hanco International (2009). (http://www.hanco.com)
 Hanco International (2009). (http://www.hanco.com/aboutus.html)
 Hannon Electric (2009). (http://www.hannonelectric.com/aboutus.html)
 USPTO Patent and Trademark Office(2009). Patent No. 4,148,724 
 USPTO Patent and Trademark Office(2009).  Patent No. 3,195,725 
 USPTO Patent and Trademark Office(2009). Patent No. 3,154,757 
 USPTO Patent and Trademark Office(2009). Patent No. 2,812,062 
 USPTO Patent and Trademark Office(2009). Patent No. 2,825,461 
 USPTO Patent and Trademark Office (2009). Patent No. 2,704,155 

Companies based in Canton, Ohio
Companies established in 1926
1926 establishments in Ohio
Manufacturing companies based in Ohio