omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Wendler (coachbuilder). Wendler was a German wheelwright and car body manufacturer in Reutlingen.

History 
The company was opened by Erhard Wendler in 1840 as a carriage factory. Initially, he manufactured carriages, and from the early 1920s, car bodies as well. The designer Helmut Schwandner initiated the reorientation. In the 1920s, around 60 bodies were built, and in the 1930s there were 250 to 270. The workforce consisted of around 100 employees. One of the customers in 1937 was the architect Wilhelm Ritter von Graf.

After the Second World War, Wendler resumed the production of car bodies, which were now built in the ponton shape. Series production continued until the end of the 1950s, then the focus shifted mainly to repairs.

One of Wendler's most important clients was Porsche, who, among other things, had Wendler build 90 light-alloy bodies (according to other sources, more than 100) for the Porsche 550. For the 1961 24 Hours of Le Mans, Wendler designed a Porsche coupé, but it was never built. Instead, he developed his own car based on a Porsche, the W-RS 001.

Later, the company was involved in vintage car restoration and special construction of armored limousines. 

In 2000, Wendler became insolvent. The company continued to operate under the name Pgam AG until its final closure.

Gallery

Literature

References 

Coachbuilders of Germany
1840 establishments in the German Confederation
2000 disestablishments in Germany
Tibor Kapu. Tibor Kapu (born 5 November 1991) is a Hungarian mechanical engineer and astronaut. He was selected to fly to the International Space Station as a mission specialist on the Axiom Mission-4 (or Ax-4) mission in 2025. If the flight succeeds, he will become the third Hungarian person to take part in a spaceflight after Bertalan Farkas and Charles Simonyi. His spaceflight is organized by the Hungarian state in cooperation with the American space company Axiom Space.


Personal life 
Tibor Kapu was born on 5 November 1991, in Vásárosnamény, Hungary. He began his studies at the Krúdy Gyula Secondary Grammar School in Nyíregyháza, then followed his father's example and chose a career in mechanical engineering. He completed his bachelor and master studies at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics.

Kapu is a two-time World Junior Championship silver medalist in the logic game Tantrix.

Astronaut career 
On October 28, 2021, the Hungarian government officially announced the HUNOR (Hungarian to Orbit) programme, which aims to send a Hungarian research astronaut into space for the second time after Bertalan Farkas' space flight in 1980. The application period for candidates was open until January 31, 2022.

He applied to the program on the last day of application period. In March 2023, he was selected into the group of four final candidates together with Gyula Cserényi, András Szakály and Ádám Schlégl. In total, more than 240 people applied for the nationwide astronaut selection process. Semmelweis University and the facilities at the Kecskemét Air Base of the Hungarian Defence Forces played a key role in the selection process.

Exactly 44 years after the launch of Soyuz-36, on May 26, 2024, Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade Péter Szijjártó announced that Tibor Kapu was selected to be the next Hungarian astronaut, with Gyula Cserényi being his backup.

On July 24, 2024, the Hungarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs published a press release stating that the agreement between Hungary and Axiom Space was finalized. It was also revealed by Orsolya Ferencz, Ministerial Commissioner for Space Research that Kapu Tibor would fly on the two-week-long Ax-4 mission.

On Aug 2, 2024, the Polish Space Agency (POLSA) published a press release, confirming the crew of Axiom Mission-4 and their roles. Kapu will be a mission specialist aboard the Crew Dragon during the 14-day long spaceflight.

Kapu and his backup, Cserényi, flew to Houston on Aug 1, 2024, to begin their mission-specific training.

References 

1991 births
Living people
Hungarian astronauts
Hungarian engineers
Peter Rowell (British Army officer). Major General Peter John Rowell  is a British Army officer who currently serves as commandant of the Defence Academy.

Military career
Rowell was commissioned into the Royal Engineers on 3 May 1995. He was deployed to Afghanistan as chief of staff for 4th Mechanised Brigade before being promoted to brigadier and becoming commandant of the Royal School of Military Engineering in 2019. He went on to be Head of Concepts and Force Exploration in 2022 and commandant of the Defence Academy in May 2024.

References

Living people
British Army major generals
Royal Engineers officers
Members of the Order of the British Empire
Year of birth missing (living people)
Aseel Anabtawi. Aseel Anabtawi (, 1969–) is a Palestinian-American electrical engineer  from Tulkarm who works for the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. She specializes in radio science.

Biography
Aseel Anabtawi was born in 1969 in Tulkarm in Palestine's West Bank. Her family later emigrated to the United States. She received her bachelor's degree in electrical engineering from California State University, Fullerton in 1992. In 1996, she obtained her master's degree in the same field from the University of Southern California.

Anabtawi started work at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in 1993. She has participated in multiple projects during her employ at NASA. At the beginning of her time at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Anabtawi worked on the Galileo Jupiter probe. She also worked on the Mars Global Surveyor, a robotic probe that explored and mapped Mars, from its atmosphere to its rocky surface. 

Following her work on Galileo and the Mars Global Surveyor, Anabtawi was selected to participate in the Cassini–Huygens mission in 2003. This mission, a collaborative effort between NASA, the European Space Agency, and the Italian Space Agency, sent two unmanned crafts to Saturn. The Huygens landed on the surface of Saturn's moon Titan. Anabtawi worked with Cassini, a space probe which explored and photographed Saturn's atmosphere, sending back valuable data for NASA scientists.

As of 2022, Anabtawi is part of the Mars Science Laboratory team, the mission that landed the Curiosity rover on Mars.

Anabtawi was awarded the NASA Exceptional Achievement Medal in 2007 for her work on the Cassini project. In 2015, she received the NASA Exceptional Service Medal for her continuing work with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

References

Living people
1969 births
People from Tulkarm
NASA people
Palestinian emigrants to the United States
20th-century American engineers
Women electrical engineers
American electrical engineers
Palestinian electrical engineers
20th-century American women engineers
21st-century American engineers
21st-century American women engineers
California State University, Fullerton alumni
University of Southern California alumni
Sarah Kate Wilson. Sarah Kate (Katie) Wilson is an American electrical engineer focusing on communications, including channel estimation for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing and optical wireless communications She is a professor emerita in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Santa Clara University in California.

Education and career
Wilson majored in mathematics at Bryn Mawr College, graduating in 1979. After working in industry as a computer programmer and engineer, she returned to graduate study in electrical engineering at Stanford University, earning a master's degree in 1987 and completing her Ph.D. in 1994.

She became an assistant professor in electrical engineering at Purdue University in 1994, and in 1999 moved to the Luleå University of Technology in Sweden. After several years alternating between industry work and academic research in Sweden and California, she joined the faculty at Santa Clara University in 2006. She served as president of the university's faculty senate from 2018 to 2019.

From 2009 to 2011 she was editor-in-chief of IEEE Communications Letters. She founded the IEEE Women's Workshop on Communications and Signal Processing in 2012, and has served in multiple other leadership roles in the IEEE Communications Society.

Recognition
Wilson was elected as an IEEE Fellow in 2014, "for contributions to orthogonal frequency division multiplexing". In the same year, she was the recipient of the IEEE Communications Society Women in Communication Engineering Outstanding Service Award. She was the 2017 recipient of the IEEE Communications Society Joseph LoCicero Award for Exemplary Service to Publications, and the 2018 recipient of the IEEE Education Society Harriett B. Rigas Award, "for excellence and outstanding leadership in signal processing, education, and mentoring".

References

External links
</ref>

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American electrical engineers
American women electrical engineers
Bryn Mawr College alumni
Stanford University alumni
Purdue University faculty
Academic staff of the Luleå University of Technology
Santa Clara University faculty
Fellows of the IEEE
Zenair CH 50 Mini-Z. The Zenair CH 50 Mini-Z is a single-seat light aircraft built by Chris Heintz in Canada in the late 1970s. Heintz sold plans and kits of many of his designs through his company Zenair for amateur construction, but the CH 50 was never brought to market, and remained a prototype only.

Design and development
The CH 50 is a low-wing, cantilever monoplane of conventional design, with an open cockpit for the pilot. It has a conventional tail and fixed, tailwheel undercarriage. Power is supplied by a piston engine in the nose, driving a tractor propeller. Construction is of metal throughout, and the wings are removable. 

In a history of his designs, Heintz described the CH 50 as an offshoot of the development of the CH 100 Mono-Z. Construction of the prototype began in February 1978, and the aircraft first flew in 1979. It received Canadian registration C-GTZI in June 1979 under Transport Canada's CAR 549 regulation for amateur-built aircraft. 

Heintz notes work on the CH 50 ending in 1981, and Jane's All The World's Aircraft ceased listing the type after its 1984–85 edition. In 2024, the prototype remains on the Canadian registry.

Specifications

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links
 Photos of the CH-50 posted by Sebastien Heintz to the Zenith Aircraft Builders and Flyers forum

1970s Canadian sport aircraft
Zenair aircraft
low-wing aircraft
conventional-tail aircraft
Single-engined tractor aircraft
Aircraft with fixed conventional landing gear
Aircraft first flown in 1979
John D. Hedengren. John D. Hedengren (born July 3, 1977) is an American chemical engineer, professor at Brigham Young University, and researcher known for his work in process control, dynamic optimization, and machine learning applications in engineering.

Research and career 
Hedengren has published on physics-informed machine learning for optimizing energy systems, unmanned aircraft, and drilling processes. His work includes the development of APMonitor Optimization Suite, Gekko Optimization Suite, and the Temperature Control Lab. Hedengren runs the APMonitor YouTube Channel with educational videos on control, optimization, and machine learning for engineers.

Professional service 
Hedengren's professional service includes IEEE CSS Chair of Control Education, CACHE Trustee, and Communications Chair for the American Automatic Control Council. He was a Society of Petroleum Engineers (SPE) Distinguished Lecturer for 2018–2019.

Honors and awards 
Hedengren has received several awards, including:
 2014: AIChE David Himmelblau Award
 2018: AIChE Computing Practice Award
 2024: John R. Ragazzini Award, American Automatic Control Council

Athletics 
Hedengren earned NCAA All-American honors in Cross-Country and was named CoSIDA Academic All-America five times, more than any athlete in BYU history. He was induced into the BYU Athletic Hall of Fame in 2015. His daughter, Jane Hedengren, has committed to run for Brigham Young University and his son, Isaac Hedengren, is on the BYU Mens' Track and Field team.

References

External links 
 Faculty page at BYU

Living people
1977 births
Brigham Young University faculty
University of Texas at Austin alumni
Brigham Young University alumni
American chemical engineers
American control theorists
Marisfrolg Pavilion. Marisfrolg Pavilion (), located in Longhua District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China, is the headquarters of the Shenzhen fashion brand Marisfrolg. Designed by New Zealand's Architecture Van Brandenburg (AVB), the building features biomimetic designs inspired by the spiky exoskeletons of insects. The main structure is a combination of steel and reinforced concrete, with the exterior decorated using a mosaic of tiles, brick fragments, and stones. The building is on an island site of 5.5 hectares with a 120,000-square-metre. Construction began in 2008 and took 15 years to complete. The architecture seems to have been influenced by the early style of Antoni Gaudí and received attention at the 14th Venice Biennale of Architecture.

References

Buildings and structures completed in 2023
2023 in Shenzhen
Buildings and structures in Shenzhen
Tourist attractions in Shenzhen
Srinivasa Chakravarthy. Srinivasa Chakravarthy is an Indian scientist doing research in the field of biotechnology. He is working as a professor at the Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai. He established theories of communication that bridge mathematics and neuroscience. He is actively doing research in the field of Computational Neuroscience.

Education and research
In 1989, Chakravarthy was graduated from the Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai in the Department of Electrical Engineering. Following that in 1991, he received a master's degree in biomedical engineering from the University of Texas at Austin. He received his Ph.D. in 1996 from the same university where he did doctoral research in the field of Electronics and Computers from 1991 to 1996.
In the year 1997, Chakravarthy completed his postdoctoral research in Neurology at Baylor College of Medicine in Houston.

He has developed a web-based system that understands handwritten text in Indian languages such as Hindi, Telugu, Kannada and Tamil. He is doing research in Computational Neuroscience and Computational Cardiovascular Pathology.

Sparsh Bharati, a font developed by Chakravarthy and his colleagues, is known as a guide for the visually impaired. 
He is leading a project to develop a computational programming model that could lead to a cure for Parkinson's disease, which is caused by the loss of cells in the basal ganglia, a part of the brain. Students from the Indian Institute of Technology, Chennai in 1972 contributed funds to build a Parkinson's Disease Diagnostic Laboratory to assist with this project in the Computational Neuroscience Laboratory.

Publications

Books
 Demystifying the Brain: A Computational Approach, Springer, 2018
 Autobiography Of Charles Darwin - Darwin Atmakatha
 Computational Neuroscience Models of the Basal Ganglia - Cognitive Science and Technology, Springer Verlag, Singapore, 2018

References

Living people
Scientists from Chennai
IIT Madras alumni
Scientific computing researchers
Year of birth missing (living people)
NanoTritium batteries. NanoTritium batteries are ultra-low-power, long-life  betavoltaic devices developed by City Labs, Inc. These nanowatt-to-microwatt batteries utilize the natural decay of tritium, a radioactive isotope of hydrogen, to generate continuous power for over 20 years.

History 
The first NanoTritium battery prototypes were developed in 2008 for encryption security memory backup power by City Labs, Inc., a regulatory-licensed R&D and manufacturing facility located in Miami, Florida. The company originated at Florida International University in 2003 as part of the Office of Entrepreneurial Science founded by current City Labs CEO, Peter Cabauy. The company was eventually joined by Larry C. Olsen, founder of Betacel, who served as Director of Research.
NanoTritium batteries were released commercially in 2012. This marked the first time tritium batteries could be purchased without requiring a radiation license. To date, this is the only General License granted to the betavoltaic industry.

Technology 
NanoTritium batteries employ principles of betavoltaic conversion and radioactive beta decay rather than conventional electrochemical cells to generate power, harnessing electrons released as the contained tritium naturally decays into helium-3, a non-radioactive isotope. Current models are capable of producing an output voltage of 0.8 to 1.1 V with a current density of 150 nA/cm2. Tritium's 12.32-year half-life and the relatively low amount of radiation emitted allow these batteries to safely output electrical power for decades.
Testing performed by Lockheed Martin during an industry-wide survey found NanoTritium batteries to be resistant to vibration, altitude, and temperatures ranging from -55°C to +150°C. Repeated temperature cycling has been shown to have no effect on the performance of the batteries.

While current P100 series NanoTritium batteries are limited to powering low-power microelectronic devices, future batteries are expected to produce a larger power output to expand use cases for higher-power devices.

Applications 
NanoTritium batteries have been employed for various applications where accessibility is limited and long-term power is beneficial, including powering components on COMSEC devices, satellites, unattended sensors, and implantable medical devices. Despite containing radioactive materials, the batteries are considered safe for implants due to their engineering and inherently low radiation levels, which prevent an individual from receiving a dose higher than the set 15 rem whole body limit even in the event of catastrophic failure.
City Labs is also designing tritium-powered devices for NASA applications, including autonomous sensors for the Moon.

References 

Nuclear technology
Battery types
Deji Ashiru. Engr Adedeji Ashiru (FNSE) is a Nigerian engineer and the MD/CEO of Ogun-Osun River Basin Development Authority, a federal agency under the Nigerian Federal Ministry of Water Resources and one of the twelve River Basin Development Authorities (RBDAs) established by the Federal Government of Nigeria under Decrees number 25 of 1976 and 31 of 1977.

Early life and education
Ashiru was born in Ijebu Ode, Ogun State, into the family of Mr Richard Adebisi Ashiru and Mrs Folake Ashiru. He grew up in Ijebu Ode, where he began his education at Precious Stone Primary Mission School and then proceeded to Ijebu Ode Grammar School for his secondary school education. He studied Mechanical Engineering at the Obafemi Awolowo University and graduated in 1997 with a Bachelor of Engineering degree. In 2007, he completed his Master of Science degree in Ocean and Offshore Technology at Cranfield University and a Doctorate in Engineering at the Common Wealth University in 2018.

Career

Corporate services 
Ashiru began his career at ABB Lummus Global in 1996 where he worked on various gas distribution and pipeline projects. He worked for Oando Gas and Power as a senior consultant and then moved to Bolivia Gas Energy Technology Limited between 2003 and 2008 where he served as principal consultant managing various engineering projects and then rose to become the  MD/CEO in 2008 which he served until 2014.

In 2015, he co-founded CONTEC Global Energy Limited where he served as Managing Director/CEO up until 2024.

Political career 
Ashiru political career started in 2018 when he contested the Ogun East Senatorial seat on the platform of the African Democratic Party (ADC). He later joined All Progressives Congress in 2019 on the invitation of Dapo Abiodun where he supported his emergence as the governor of Ogun State in 2019.  He also ran as All Progressives Congress Senatorial aspirant in 2022.

Ogun-Osun River Basin Development Authority
Ashiru was appointed the MD/CEO of Ogun-Osun River Basin Development Authority (OORBDA) by President Bola Tinubu in May 2024. He replaced Otunba Olufemi Odumosu.

Personal life 
He is married to Opeoluwa Ashiru, and they have four children. He is a Christian and an ordained pastor of the Elevation Church and also the Otunba Adegoroye of Ijebu Ososa.

References

Nigerian engineers
Mechanical engineers
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
1965 British European Airways Vickers Vanguard crash. The 1965 British European Airways Vickers Vanguard crash was a domestic flight operated by a Vickers Vanguard 951 aircraft of British European Airways (BEA). On Wednesday, 27 October 1965, the aircraft crashed during landing at London Heathrow Airport, causing the deaths of all 36 people on board.  At the time It was one of the deadliest aviation disasters in the United Kingdom.

Aircraft 
The Vickers Vanguard 951, registered as G-APEE, was a turboprop airliner built in 1959. It was designed for short- and medium-range flights and was then one of the fastest turboprop airliners.

Circumstances 
The aircraft was on a scheduled flight from Edinburgh Turnhouse Airport to Heathrow. The flight departed from Edinburgh at 23:17 on 26 October. The flight was uneventful until the aircraft approached London when, during the final approach to runway 28R, the aircraft encountered fog, with reports indicating visibility was less than 50 metres. Making an ILS approach with ATC talking it down through Precision Approach Radar, the aircraft overshot the runway twice and then entered hold. On hearing another Vanguard had made its landing, the pilot made another attempt but on its final approach to runway 28R, the crew decided to overshoot, taking the nose up and reducing flaps. However the aircraft crashed 2,600 feet from the threshold at around 01:23 and burst into flames, killing everyone on board.

Investigation and findings 
The investigation into the crash revealed several key factors:

The visibility at the time of the crash was significantly below the required minimum for landing. Despite this, there was no evidence that the pilot was operating below the prescribed limits set by BEA for such conditions.

The investigation attributed the crash to pilot error. Contributing factors included low visibility, incorrect information given to the pilot, pilot fatigue, anxiety, lack of experience in landing in fog, and a series of procedural errors during the landing attempts. The aircraft had performed two missed approaches before the crash, and the final approach was marked by an incorrect flap selection and a misjudged descent rate, leading to a steep dive into the runway.

Memorial 
A memorial plaque was installed at Edinburgh Airport to honour the victims of the crash. The tragic event is remembered as one of the significant accidents in BEA's history, contributing to advancements in aviation safety and maintenance protocols.

See also 
 List of accidents and incidents involving commercial aircraft
 Aviation safety

References 

Aviation accidents and incidents in 1965
Aviation accidents and incidents in London
Accidents and incidents involving the Vickers Vanguard
British European Airways accidents and incidents
October 1965 events in the United Kingdom
1965 in London
Airliner accidents and incidents involving controlled flight into terrain
1-Fluorobutane. 1-Fluorobutane is the organofluorine compound with the formula CH3(CH2)3F. This compound belongs to the group of aliphatic, saturated halogenated hydrocarbons.

Synthesis
1-Fluorobutane can be obtained by reacting 1-bromobutane with mercury(II) fluoride.

The compound can also be obtained by reacting 1-bromobutane with potassium fluoride in ethylene glycol.

Physical properties
1-Fluorobutane is a low-temperature boiling liquid that is highly soluble in ethanol.

Uses
1-Fluorobutane can be used to etch semiconductors.

See also
 1-Bromobutane
 1-Chlorobutane
 1-Iodobutane

References

Fluoroalkanes