omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
WEG T 23 and T 24. The Classes T 23 and T 24 are diesel railbuses which were procured by the Württemberg Railway Company (WEG) and then operated by the Westerwald Railway (WEBA) until  2009 on the Daade Valley Railway and now belong to the Krumbach IGEBA engineer society railway.

The WEG had the two railbuses built in 1968 at Gmeinder and Auwärter for working the branch line from Nürtingen to Neuffen. They were powered by two Büssing engines with a power of 154 kW (210 PS) each. Each motor drove an axle via a Voith 501 drive. Their control system enabled them to be used as a pair.

The two new railbuses hauled heavy limestone trains between a quarry near Neuffen and a cement works in Nürtingen. In order to simplify shunting operations, the WEG fitted the two railbuses and the two end wagons of the limestone trains with Scharfenberg couplers. After the transportation of limestone was ended in October 1979, the two railbuses lost their original operating route and, on 3 October 1979 went to the Lower Kocher Valley Railway where they took over all the services, replacing the diesel Class T 06. The Scharfenberg couplers were thus replaced by normal railway couplings.

After the closure of the Lower Kocher Valley Railway, the two diesel units were sold on  6 September 1996 to WEBA. Both units were modernised at the Gmeinder Works, the T 23 being converted into a VS 23 driving trailer and No. T 24 being redesignated VT 24. The rake was deployed on the Daade Valley Railway between Betzdorf and Daaden for school runs, usually combined with the WEBA 628 677. Due to the lack of suspension, it was given the nickname "wacker plate" (Rüttelplatte).

The vehicles were later sold to the IGEBA engineer society railway in Krumbach and driven away from the Westerwald region in September 2009.

Literature

External links 
 Diesel units of the Westerwald Railway
 Entry about the Westerwald Railway at lokomotive.de

German railbuses
Durga Shanker Mishra. Durga Shanker Mishra (IAST: Durgā Śaṃkara Miśrā) (born 4 December 1961) is a 1984 batch retired Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer of Uttar Pradesh cadre. He served as Chief Secretary to Government of Uttar Pradesh from 30 December 2021 till 30 June 2024. Previously, he served as Housing and Urban Affairs Secretary and Chairman of the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation.

Education 
Mishra is a graduate (BTech) in electrical engineering from IIT Kanpur. He also holds a MBA degree in international business from the University of Western Sydney. Mishra also holds a postgraduate diploma in public policy from International Institute of Social Studies, The Hague. In addition, Mishra holds a postgraduate diploma in human resource management.

Career 
Mishra has served in various key positions for both the Government of India and the Government of Uttar Pradesh during his career, like as Principal Secretary (Appointment and Personnel), Secretary (Tax and Registration), Secretary (Health and Family Welfare), managing director of Uttar Pradesh Scheduled Caste Finance and Development Corporation (SDCFC), district magistrate and collector of Agra and Sonbhadra districts, Vice Chairman of Kanpur Development Authority and as the municipal commissioner of Kanpur in the Uttar Pradesh government, and as the Union Housing and Urban Affairs Secretary, additional secretary in the Ministry of Urban Development, joint secretary in the Ministry of Mines, joint secretary in the Ministry of Home Affairs and as the chief vigilance officer of the Airports Authority of India in the Indian government.

Housing and Urban Affairs Secretary 
Durga Shanker Mishra was appointed as the Union Housing and Urban Affairs Secretary by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet, he assumed the office of Secretary on 21 June 2017 and served there till 29 December 2021.

References

External links 
 
 

1961 births
Living people
Indian Administrative Service officers
IIT Kanpur alumni
Western Sydney University alumni
International Institute of Social Studies alumni
People from Mau district
José García Santesmases. José García Santesmases (May 2, 1907 – October 24, 1989) was a physicist and pioneer of computer science in Spain. He built the first analog computer and the first microprocessor made in Spain.

Biography 

José García Santesmases was born on May 2, 1907, in Barcelona. In 1930 he obtained the title of engineer for the École supérieure d'électricité in Paris. He continued his training and in 1935 he obtained the Extraordinary Prize of the University of Barcelona, graduating as a physicist. He obtained his doctorate at the University of Madrid in 1943 and later moved to the University of Granada, where he taught for two years, after which he returned to Madrid as a professor. In 1949 he worked at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge and then, for a little more than a year, at the computation laboratory of Harvard University, under the direction of Howard H. Aiken.

Santesmases held the Chair of Industrial Physics at the University of Madrid until his retirement in 1977. On October 24, 1989, he died in this city, where he developed most of his scientific career. A street of the Complutense University of Madrid receives his name, as well as the García Santesmases Computer Museum (MIGS), located in the Computing Faculty of the Complutense University of Madrid.

Works 
 Contribución al estudio de la ferro-resonancia y de la autoinducción (1943)
 Lecciones de física (1952)
 Instrumentación para el estudio del comportamiento humano (1971)
 Obra e inventos de Torres Quevedo (1980)
 Física general (1983)

References

External links 
 Museo de Informática García Santesmases
 Biblioteca de la Facultad de Informática de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Spanish computer scientists
Spanish physicists
1907 births
1989 deaths
Spanish expatriates in France
Self-propulsion. Self-propulsion is the autonomous displacement of nano-, micro- and macroscopic natural and artificial objects, containing their own means of motion. Self-propulsion is driven mainly by interfacial phenomena. Various mechanisms of self-propelling have been introduced and investigated, which exploited phoretic effects, gradient surfaces, breaking the wetting symmetry of a droplet on a surface, the Leidenfrost effect, the self-generated hydrodynamic and chemical fields originating from the geometrical confinements, and soluto- and thermo-capillary Marangoni flows. Self-propelled system demonstrate a potential as micro-fluidics devices and micro-mixers. Self-propelled liquid marbles have been demonstrated.

See also
 Self propelled particles

References

Mechanical engineering
Surface science
Eti Soda. The Eti Soda Inc. is a chemical industry company in Ankara 
Province, Turkey, producing natural soda ash and baking soda from trona. It was founded in 1998, and the production started in 2009. The company's main shareholder is Ciner Group.

Background
Trona ore deposits were discovered at Beypazarı, around  northwest of Ankara, during drilling operations for coal exploration in 1979. Exploration works for trona ore reserve continued until 1985. According to world's leading consulting firms, mining of the trona ore at Bypazarı was not feasible with known methods. The state-owned mining company Eti Maden and the privately held Ciner Holding jointly took a risk and  developed solution mining method for extraction of trona ore. The method, which was new in the world, has been then patented. In 1998, the Eti Soda Inc. was established in Ankara. The building of the soda production and cogeneration plants were completed between 2007 and 2009.

The production of soda ash started with an official inauguration ceremony, which  took place in presence of Prime minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan and Minister of Energy and Natural Resources Hilmi Güler in March 2009.

The Eti Soda Inc. is jointly owned in majority by Ciner Holding with 74% and by Eti Maden with 26%.

Plant and production
Trona ore is extracted by solution mining method. Hot water is injected into the trona ore deposit underground through bore holes drilled, which dissolves trona ore. The trona solution is pumped up and is processed to soda products as soda ash (sodium carbonate, Na2CO3) and baking soda (sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3). The soda ash is mainly used in the glass production. Products of Eti Soda are exported all over the world, especially to European countries. From 2009 to 2013, the value of soda ash exports to 53 countries reached US$1 billion.

The annual production capacity of the Eti Soda facilities is one million tons of soda ash and 100,000 tons of baking soda. In 2010, already in its first year of the operation, the company fulfilled its production capacity. For comparison the  2022 production for the whole country was estimate at 4 to 5 million tonnes.

Environmental impact

There is a 20 MW cogeneration coal-fired power station. Climate Trace estimated a 3570 million tonne source of greenhouse gas from soda ash in Turkey in 2022, but had low confidence in its estimate and had not been able to identify the company. ETI Soda aims to reduce its total scope 1 and 2 greenhouse gas emissions by almost 30% from 2021 to 480 million tonnes a year by 2028.

See also

Ciner Wyoming, United States
Kazan Soda Elektrik, Turkey

References

Ciner Glass and Chemicals Group
Mining companies of Turkey
Chemical companies of Turkey
Chemical plants
Industrial buildings in Turkey
Industrial buildings completed in 2009
Chemical companies established in 1998
Non-renewable resource companies established in 1998
Turkish companies established in 1998
Companies based in Ankara
Beypazarı District
21st-century architecture in Turkey
Catalina 28. The Catalina 28 is an American sailboat, that was designed by Gerry Douglas and first built in 1991.

Production
The boat was built by Catalina Yachts in the United States, in two versions, but it is now out of production. The first version, The Catalina 28, was produced from 1991 to 1995, with 620 examples completed. The Mk II was produced from 1995 to 2010.

Design
The Catalina 28 is a small recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass. It has a masthead sloop rig, an internally-mounted spade-type rudder and a fixed fin keel.

Variants
Catalina 28
This model  was designed by Gerry Douglas and introduced in 1991, with 620 examples completed. It has a length overall of , a waterline length of , displaces  and carries  of iron ballast. The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel and  with the optional shoal draft wing keel. The wing keel version displaces  and carries  of iron ballast. The boat is fitted with a Universal M3-20 diesel engine. The boat has a PHRF racing average handicap of 201 with a high of 210 and low of 195. It has a hull speed of . A tall mast version was available with a mast approximately  higher. The tall mast version has a PHRF racing average handicap of 192 with a high of 200 and low of 186.

Catalina 28 Mk II
This model was also designed by Gerry Douglas, introduced in 1995 and produced until 2010. The improvements include  a widened aft hull, giving a larger aft cabin and a redesigned galley, plus an improvement of the basic sail control arrangements. It has a length overall of , a waterline length of , displaces  and carries  of iron ballast. The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel and  with the optional shoal draft wing keel. The wing keel version displaces  and carries  of iron ballast. The boat is fitted with a Universal 25XPBC diesel engine. The fuel tank holds  and the fresh water tank has a capacity of . The boat has a PHRF racing average handicap of 198 with a high of 205 and low of 192. It has a hull speed of .

See also
List of sailing boat types

Similar sailboats
Aloha 28
Beneteau First 285
Beneteau Oceanis 281
Bristol Channel Cutter
Cal 28
Cumulus 28
Grampian 28
Hunter 28
Hunter 28.5
Hunter 280
J/28
Laser 28
O'Day 28
Pearson 28
Sabre 28
Sea Sprite 27
Sirius 28
Tanzer 8.5
Tanzer 28
TES 28 Magnam
Viking 28

References

External links

Keelboats
1980s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Sailboat types built by Catalina Yachts
Sailboat type designs by Gerry Douglas
DB-Engines ranking. The DB-Engines Ranking ranks database management systems by popularity, covering over 410 systems. The ranking criteria include number of search engine results when searching for the system names, Google Trends, Stack Overflow discussions, job offers with mentions of the systems, number of profiles in professional networks such as LinkedIn, mentions in social networks such as Twitter. The ranking is updated monthly. It has been described and cited in various database-related articles.

By grouping over specific database features like database model or type of license, regularly published statistics reveal historical trends which are used in strategic statements.

In June 2024, the assets of DB-Engines were bought by Redgate Software. Redgate stated that it would retain the DB-Engines branding and identity and continue to provide trusted and independent monthly database ranking reports.

History 
The DB-Engines DBMS portal was created in 2012 and is maintained by the Austrian consulting company Solid IT.
Based on its ranking, DB-Engines grants a yearly award for the system that gained most in popularity within a year. The award winners are:

 2013 - MongoDB
 2014 - MongoDB
 2015 - Oracle
 2016 - Microsoft SQL Server
 2017 - PostgreSQL
 2018 - PostgreSQL
 2019 - MySQL
 2020 - PostgreSQL
 2021 - Snowflake
 2022 - Snowflake
 2023 - PostgreSQL
 2024 - Snowflake

Methodology 

The ranking comes from an average of the following parameters after normalization:

 Number of mentions in search engines queries
 Google
 Bing
Frequency of searches
 Google Trends
 Number of related questions and the number of interested users
 Stack Overflow
 DBA Stack Exchange
 Number of job postings
 Indeed
 Simply Hired
 Number of profiles in professional networks
 LinkedIn
 Number of mentions in social networks
 Twitter

References

External links 
 

Database management systems
Lists of database management software
Relational database management systems
Giuseppe Albenga. Giuseppe Albenga (9 June 1882, Incisa Scapaccino – 19 January 1957, Turin) was an Italian civil engineer, professor of bridge construction, and historian of civil engineering.

Biography
A student of Camillo Guidi, Giuseppe Albenga received his laurea in civil engineering at the Politecnico di Torino in 1904.

Albenga was a professor extraordinarius of road and railway construction from 1914 to 1915 at the University of Bologna and from 1915 to 1918 at the University of Pisa. From 1919 to 1928 he taught construction science at the University of Bologna.

In 1928 Albenga was appointed to the chair of bridge construction at the Politecnico di Torino, where he was the rector from 1929 to 1932.

In 1928 he was an Invited Speaker of the ICM in Bologna.

His main contributions were to the theory and practice of bridge construction and to the history of engineering — he was among the first to study the history of the development of reinforced concrete.

His students include Odone Belluzzi, Luigi Stabilini, Letterio Francesco Donato, Augusto Cavallari Murat, Giulio Pizzetti, and Riccardo Baldacci.

Selected publications
Giuseppe Albenga, Lezioni di costruzioni idrauliche. Anno 1920-21, Bologna, Sindacato Nazionale Allievi Ingegneri, 1921. 
Giuseppe Albenga, Meccanica applicata alle costruzioni, Torino, Dattilo-Litografia A. Viretto.
Statica dei sistemi rigidi, 1922-23.
Statica delle costruzioni e resistenza dei materiali, 1923-24. 
Giuseppe Albenga, Lezioni di ponti. Anno 1922-23, Torino, A. Viretto, 1922.
Giuseppe Albenga, Lezioni di ponti, Torino, Unione tipografico-editrice torinese, 1930-1931.
Nozioni generali, 1930.
Principii della teoria dei ponti, 1930.
Problemi speciali, 1931.
Giuseppe Albenga, Eligio Perucca, Dizionario tecnico industriale enciclopedico, Torino, UTET, 1937.
Appunti di costruzioni in legno, ferro e cemento armato dalle Lezioni di Giuseppe Albenga, Torino, Ed. Corda Fratres, 1948.
Giuseppe Albenga, I ponti, Torino, Unione Tipografico Editrice Torinese, 1953.
L'esperienza.
La teoria.
La pratica.
Giuseppe Albenga, Moderni ponti stradali in acciaio, Milano, Ufficio italiano sviluppo applicazioni acciaio, 1956.
Guido Fubini, Giuseppe Albenga, La matematica dell'ingegnere e le sue applicazioni, Bologna, Zanichelli, 1949-1954.
Volume primo, 1949.
Volume secondo, 1954.

Bibliography of Albenga's publications
Elenco delle pubblicazioni di Giuseppe Albenga, In: Atti e rassegna tecnica della Società degli ingegneri e degli architetti in Torino, n°10 - Ottobre 1952, pp. 351–352.

References

Italian civil engineers
Historians of technology
Polytechnic University of Turin alumni
Academic staff of the Polytechnic University of Turin
1882 births
1957 deaths
People from the Province of Asti
Chirajara bridge collapse. On 15 January 2018, a partially constructed bridge in Chirajara, Guayabetal, Colombia collapsed, killing at least 10 workers and injuring several more. The  cable-stayed bridge, located in the Cundinamarca Department, was part of an expansion of National Route 40 between Bogota and Villavicencio scheduled to open in March 2018. It crosses a ravine at a height of  and is held by stay-cables from two towers, of which one collapsed.

Events
Newspaper reports indicate that only 20 of the expected 200 workers were on the section that fell, due to the fact that most of the workers were attending a training session on the opposite side.

Coviandes was the agency in charge of the project. Subcontractors were two different companies, GISAICO S.A. and ICMO S.A.S. 

The investigation into the failure of the western pier was conducted by the American company Modjeski and Masters. Coviandes published the results of the investigation by Modjeski and Masters in April 2018.  The report concluded that the collapse of Tower B (the west pier) of the cable-stayed bridge was due to a design error, with an incorrect assumption made about the strength provided by a transverse tie beams and diaphragm at the diamond shaped pier.  The report ruled out suggestions that the accident was due to poor quality of materials.  The report also found cracking on Tower C, which remained standing, which was consistent with the early stages of the collapse mechanism and recommended its demolition.  The report found that the foundations  structural and geotechnical capacities were adequate for this type of bridge and could be retained for the reconstruction.

The remaining second pier pylon was demolished in July 2018.

References

2018 in Colombia
Bridge disasters in Colombia
January 2018 events in South America
Cundinamarca Department
Transport disasters in 2018
2018 disasters in Colombia
Southedge. Southedge is a rural locality in the Shire of Mareeba, Queensland, Australia. In the , Southedge had a population of 21 people.

Geography 
The major road thoroughfare in Southedge is the Mulligan Highway.

The Southedge-Wangetti Road, also known as Quaid Road or Southedge Road was completed with Queensland Government approval in 1989, currently with no public access linking Wangetti to Southedge. The Wet Tropics Management Authority control access to sections of the road, that would otherwise be trafficable from the Mulligan Highway to the Captain Cook Highway and to Kuranda through the Black Mountain Road.

The Southedge Dam, also known as the Lake Mitchell Dam, is an earth filled embankment dam across the Mitchell River.

Demographics 
In the , Southedge had a population of 21 people.

In the , Southedge had a population of 21 people.

References 

Shire of Mareeba
Localities in Queensland
CFR-600. The CFR-600 (Xiapu fast reactor pilot project) is a sodium-cooled pool-type fast-neutron nuclear reactor under construction in Xiapu County, Fujian province, China, on Changbiao Island. It is a generation IV demonstration project by the China National Nuclear Corporation (CNNC). Construction started in late 2017. These reactors are expected to be connected to the grid in 2023 and 2025. The reactor will have an output of 1500 MW thermal power and 600 MW electric power. The fuel will be supplied by TVEL, subsidiary of Rosatom, according to the agreement signed in 2019.

The CFR-600 is part of the Chinese plan to reach a closed nuclear fuel cycle. Fast neutron reactors are the main future nuclear power technology in China.

A larger commercial-scale reactor, the CFR-1000, is also planned.

On the same site, the building of a second 600 MW fast reactor CFR-600 was started in December 2020 and four 1000 MW CAP1000 are proposed.

Such breeder reactors have the possibility to be used to produce weapons grade plutonium for nuclear weapon manufacturing purposes.

Reactors

Controversy

Al Jazeera reported in 2021 that the reactors are controversial because they produce weapons-grade plutonium, offering a dual military and civilian use. China has stopped annual voluntary declarations to the International Atomic Energy Agency [IAEA] on its stocks of plutonium.

See also
 Nuclear power in China
 China Experimental Fast Reactor (CEFR)
 BN-600 reactor
 BN-1200 reactor
 Integral fast reactor
 List of nuclear reactors#China

References

nuclear power stations in China
Fast-neutron reactors
Shibaura (company). or Shibaura is a Japanese agricultural machinery manufacturer owned by IHI Corporation. The company is one of Japan’s leading suppliers of small tractors and diesel engines.

History
The company originated in 1942 and began making engines and tractors from 1951. In 1973 Shibaura made an agreement with Ford to build a small tractor, the Ford 1000, using Ford's specifications and styling. Subsequently Shibaura made other models of Ford tractors, like the Ford 1600 and 2110, and continued to build small tractors even after Ford acquired New Holland. The company also produced Yanmar tractors and STIHL power tools.

Some of the engines are made by a joint venture company, Perkins Shibaura Engines, founded in October 1994 and opened in 1996. In April 2005, the company won The Queen's Award for Enterprise: International Trade (Export) (2005).

The joint venture company has manufacturing sites in three countries: the UK, the US and China. The company's original products was the Perkins 100 Series engine but later their offerings became more diverse, including the Perkins 400 series engine, manufactured first in 2001.

Structure
The company has three manufacturing locations in Japan, with its main 35-acre factory in Matsumoto in Nagano Prefecture, in the centre of Japan.

See also
 List of tractor manufacturers

References

External links
 IHI Shibaura 
 Shibaura Europe 

IHI Corporation
Agricultural machinery manufacturers of Japan
Tractor manufacturers of Japan
Engine manufacturers of Japan
Diesel engine manufacturers
Japanese brands
Manufacturing companies based in Tokyo
Manufacturing companies established in 1942
1942 establishments in Japan