omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Henry Gale (cricketer). Henry Gale  (11 July 1836 — 3 March 1898) was an English first-class cricketer and civil engineer, who was mostly associated with the construction of railways.

The son of Richard Gale, he was born at Winchester in July 1836. He was educated at Marlborough College, where he played for the college cricket team. From Marlborough, he became a student of the civil engineer Alfred Giles, travelling with him to Canada on railway work. When he returned to England, he was employed by Sir James Brunlees on the construction of the Ulverstone and Lancaster Railway. In 1858, he joined the staff of the Madras Railway Company in British India, where he was employed for three years. However, the construction project on the north-west line was suspended and he returned to England, back to the employment of Brunlees. It was during this period that he played first-class cricket for Hampshire, making his debut against Middlesex at Islington in 1865. He made four further first-class appearances for Hampshire to 1866, all against Surrey. He also played one first-class match for the Gentlemen of the South, captained by W. G. Grace, against the Players of the South in 1866. In six first-class matches, he scored 144 runs at an average of exactly 16, with a highest score of 44.

Gale returned to India in 1866 (the same year that he was elected a fellow of the Institution of Civil Engineers), where he returned to work on projects associated with the north-west line. Ten years later, he went to Brazil to assist with the construction of the Dona Teresa Cristina railway on behalf of Cutbill Son and De Lungo; one complicated aspect of the line, which Gale had to solve, was to protect various points of the line from "extraordinary sand-drifts". He solved this by erecting sand-shields made of corrugated iron. For many years after, he continued to represent the company in South America, including sending plans to the Government of Uruguay for works in the Port of Montevideo. By 1888, he had returned to England and was the chief engineer for the company, but continued to advise with railway construction in South America, including the Midland Uruguay Railway and various others. Cutbill and Co. became The Railway and Works Company in 1892, with Gale one of its managing directors. He died in March 1898 at the Bournemouth suburb of Westbourne, and was buried in Winchester.

References

External links

1836 births
1898 deaths
Cricketers from Winchester
People educated at Marlborough College
English civil engineers
British railway civil engineers
English cricketers
Hampshire cricketers
Gentlemen of the South cricketers
Fellows of the Institution of Civil Engineers
19th-century English businesspeople
Burials in Hampshire
NovoGen. NovoGen is a proprietary form of 3D printing technology that allows scientists to assemble living tissue cells into a desired pattern. When combined with an extracellular matrix, the cells can be arranged into complex structures, such as organs. Designed by Organovo, the NovoGen technology has been successfully integrated by Invetech with a production printer that is intended to help develop processes for tissue repair and organ development.

References

Developmental biology
3D printing processes
American inventions
Synthetic biology
Chicago and North Western E-2 class. The Chicago and North Western Railway's Class E-2 was a 4-6-2 "Pacific" type locomotive built by the American Locomotive Company in Schenectady, New York in 1923.  Twelve were originally built, and all were later converted.  Four of these locomotives gained the Class E-2-a designation in late 1934 when they were converted to burn oil instead of coal, upgraded with larger drivers, and had other changes made in order to run at higher speeds in preparation for pulling the Twin Cities–Chicago 400 the next year.  The other eight were converted to Class E-2-b, which was similar except they remained coal-fired.

The E-2-a was among the fastest steam locomotives in the world in 1935.  It was recorded running in excess of  on a fall evening that year as it raced the  from Milwaukee to Chicago in 65 minutes, attaining its highest speeds between Highland Park and Evanston.  While fast for its day, it was not quite a match for the Milwaukee Road class A and later F7 engines, which ran the rival Hiawatha.

Unlike the Hiawatha engines, the E-2s never ran with streamlined shrouds, though it appeared for a time that they would be replaced by streamlined class E-4 4-6-4 "Hudson" locomotives on the 400 route.  C&NW ordered eight E-4s in 1937, later adding one more order to the total.  However, the railway decided instead to use diesel-electric EMD E3 locomotives for the 400, which replaced the E-2-a engines on the route in 1939.

References

4-6-2 locomotives
E-2 class
ALCO locomotives
Steam locomotives of the United States
Railway locomotives introduced in 1923
Scrapped locomotives
Standard gauge locomotives of the United States
Passenger locomotives
Robot Rescue. Robot Rescue is a puzzle game developed by Teyon for the Nintendo DSi. It was available for download at the Nintendo DSi Shop for 200 Nintendo DSi Points.

Gameplay

A player's goal is to free robots trapped in an evil computer labyrinth. Missions are full of deadly traps making the game more and more difficult with each level. The objective is to guide robots to the exit through 45 labyrinths avoiding traps and obstacles such as mines, cloning machines and more. All robots are linked together, so when the player steers one of them, all are moved. Rash moves can destroy one of the robots and restart the mission.

Tiles
The following tiles can be found in the labyrinths:
 Red/yellow door - blocks the robot's way.
 Red/yellow button - opens red/yellow doors.
 Teleporter - transfers robots to a teleporter exit.
 Teleporter exit - a place where robots are teleported.
 Mine - blows robots up.
 Conveyor belt - moves robots automatically till the end of the belt.
 Short circuit trap - destroys robots.
 Glue stain - causes a temporary blockade of the robot's movement (1 move).
 Cloning machine - duplicates robots, clones emerge at all cloning machine exits.
 Cloning machine exit - a place where robots show after cloning.
 Exit - a destination point.

Reception
Robot Rescue received an overall score of 8.0 from IGN.

Sequels
Robot Rescue 2 (DSiWare)
Robot Rescue 3D (Nintendo eShop for Nintendo 3DS)
Robot Rescue Revolution (Steam and PlayStation Network for PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Vita)

See also
 Ball Fighter
 1001 Crystal Mazes Collection
 Super Swap
 101 Shark Pets

References

External links
 Robot Rescue's site at Teyon.com 

2009 video games
DSiWare games
Nintendo DS games
Nintendo DS-only games
Single-player video games
Teyon games
Video games about robots
Video games developed in Poland
Groove wander. Groove wander, similar to tramlining, is a lateral force acting on a vehicle's wheel resulting from the combination of rain grooves (grooves cut into roads to mitigate hydroplaning in light rain conditions) and contoured deformations in the road surface upon which the wheel runs.

When the contact patch of the tire does not form to match the contours of the road surface the stiff tire edges tend to ride on and be guided (or tramlined) by the rain grooves within the surface contour.  This force is greater than the contact patch can counter and the resultant force is delivered to the wheel hub and axle, pushing the car laterally.  When all four wheels are acted upon in this way, the vehicle can experience rapid forces occurring from side to side and corner to corner (similar to encountering wind gusts, only from all four directions instead of just one).

A mismatch between tire design and vehicle weight, or vehicle suspension design, or simply wheel alignment can all contribute to how severe the effect is.  Tire tread pattern can also cause, with straight grooved tires more susceptible to groove wander than diagonal or zig zag threads.

See also
Road surface
Tramlining

References

Driving
Oder Dam. The Oder Dam () is a dam in the Harz mountains of Germany. It lies above Bad Lauterberg in the district of Göttingen in Lower Saxony and impounds the river Oder. The dam went into service in 1934 after taking 3 years to build. The owner and operator of the Oder Dam is the Harzwasserwerke.

Purposes 
The reservoir serves the following purposes:
 Flood protection
 Low water regulation
 Power generation

These functions sometimes create conflicting demands. For flood protection, the reservoir should be as empty as possible; for low water regulation, it is desirable that the reservoir is as full as possible. Accordingly, there are for the water economy an operating plan that is dependent on the time of year and the expected water quantities. e.g. snow meltwaters at the end of winter, droughts in summer.

Dam 
The actual barrage is an embankment dam made of rubble (crushed stone) with a central concrete core and a grout curtain of clay. The concrete wall has joints that follow the shape of the whole dam, without leaking. The design is very similar in many respects to the Söse Dam built shortly beforehand.

Pumped storage hydro-electric power station 
The reservoir of the dam originally acted as the upper reservoir of the pumped-storage power station. Immediately below the dam is the lower reservoir with a 7.5 m high earth dam that acted as a stilling basin. The power station is also located at the foot of the dam. It has 2 turbines with a combined output of 5.04 MW (possibly as much as 6.2 MW).
The pumped-storage facility has not been used since the 1990s as it was no longer economical. The power station now operates simply as a storage power station with a Francis turbine.

Upgrades
The dam was rehabilitated from 2010 to 2018.

Tourism 
The lake is open to watersports such as angling, sailing and surfing. There is also a local restaurant and a campsite.

See also 
 List of dams in the Harz
 List of reservoirs and dams in Germany
 Pumped-storage hydroelectricity
 Oderteich

References
 
 Martin Schmidt: Talsperren im Harz. Ost- und Westharz. 9. Auflage, Aktualisiert von Rainer Tonn. Papierflieger Verlag GmbH, Clausthal-Zellerfeld 2012, ISBN 978-3-86948-251-4

External links 
  
 with link to the current dam data. 
 
 
 

Dams in Lower Saxony
Dams in the Harz
Dams completed in 1933
Ryanair Flight 4102. On 10 November 2008, Ryanair Flight 4102 from Frankfurt–Hahn Airport, in Hahn, Rhineland-Palatinate to Rome Ciampino Airport, in Rome, Italy, suffered multiple bird strikes while landing. Of the 172 people on board, two crew and eight passengers received hospital treatment for minor injuries. The 8-month-old Boeing 737-8AS jet used for the flight received a massive amount of damage, which led to it being written off. This accident was the fourth hull loss of a Boeing 737-800.

Aircraft 
The aircraft involved was a Boeing 737-8AS, MSN 33639, registered as EI-DYG, that was manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in 2008. It had logged approximately 2419 airframe hours and 1498 takeoff and landing cycles and it was equipped with two CFM International CFM56-7B26/3 engines.

Accident
Flight 4102 was commanded by 44-year-old Belgian pilot Frédéric Colson with 10,000 flight hours, of which 6,000 were on the Boeing 737, and his co pilot First Officer Alexander Vet — a Dutch citizen aged 23 with 600 flight hours with 400 being on the 737.
The jet struck up to 90 starlings on final approach to Rome Ciampino Airport which damaged the port (left) side landing gear and both engines. The flight attempted to execute a missed approach after one engine was damaged, but the remaining engine ingested birds as well and was damaged during this maneuver. It was reported that the aircraft left runway 15 for a short time before the flight crew brought it back onto the runway.

The final report of the accident, investigated by the National Agency for the Safety of Flight (; ANSV) was released on 20 December 2018, more than 10 years after the accident.

Aftermath
The airport was closed for 36 hours and all traffic was diverted to Rome Fiumicino Airport due to the jet being stranded on the runway after the port side landing gear collapsed.

This accident caused such substantial damage that the aircraft was written off. Ryanair retained ownership of it for certain parts and for training purposes.

See also 

 US Airways Flight 1549 – a similar aviation-related air accident that occurred 2 months later in New York City, involving an Airbus A320.
Kalitta Air Flight 207 – another flight accompanied by a bird strike 5 months earlier.
Jeju Air Flight 2216 - a South Korean 737 that crashed, following a bird strike.

References

External links
 

Accidents and incidents involving the Boeing 737 Next Generation
Aviation accidents and incidents in 2008
Aviation accidents and incidents in Italy
Airliner accidents and incidents involving bird strikes
4102
November 2008 events in Europe
Constant elasticity of transformation. Constant Elasticity of Transformation (CET) was first advanced by Alan Powell and Fred Gruen in a 1968 publication. It is a new form of production-possibility frontier.
Following on that early work, George Philippidis made a detailed introduction of the CET function in 1999. The CET is the corollary CES function, where the production possibilities of the firm (industry) are a function of different combination of supply activities.

References

Production economics
SS Empire Burton. Empire Burton was a  CAM Ship which was built in 1941 for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Completed in August 1941, she was torpedoed on 20 September 1941 by  and sunk.

Description
Empire Burton was built by Short Brothers Ltd, Pallion for the MoWT. She was yard number 466. Empire Burton was launched on 29 May 1941 and completed in August 1941.

The ship was  long, with a beam of  and a depth of . She was propelled by a triple expansion steam engine which had cylinders of , , and  bore by  stroke. The engine was built by North East Marine Engine Works, Newcastle upon Tyne.

Career
Empire Burton had a short career. She was completed in August 1941 and placed under the management of Common Brothers Ltd, Newcastle upon Tyne. Her port of registry was Sunderland. Empire Burton was a member of two convoys.

ON 9
Convoy ON 9 departed from Milford Haven  on 19 August 1941 and Liverpool on 20 August. It dispersed at sea on 25 August. Empire Burton was bound for Halifax, Nova Scotia.

SC 44
Convoy SC 44 departed from Halifax, calling at Sydney from where the convoy departed on 11 September bound for Liverpool. She was carrying a cargo of  of wheat. At 01:13 (German time) on 20 September 1941,  fired four torpedoes, one of which hit Empire Burton and sank her with the loss of two of the 60 crew. The ship was east of Cape Farewell at the time (). The 58 survivors were rescued by  and landed at Reykjavík, Iceland. Those lost on Empire Burton are commemorated at the Tower Hill Memorial, London.

Official Numbers and Code Letters

Official Numbers were a forerunner to IMO Numbers. Empire Burton had the United Kingdom Official Number 168915 and used the Code Letters BCMR.

References

1941 ships
Ships built on the River Wear
CAM ships
Empire ships
Ministry of War Transport ships
Steamships of the United Kingdom
Ships sunk by German submarines in World War II
Shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean
Maritime incidents in September 1941
Derived no-effect level. The derived no-effect level (DNEL) is the level of exposure to a substance above which humans should not be exposed. The REACH regulation defines them as exposure levels beneath which a substance does not harm human health. According to the EU REACH legislation, manufacturers and importers of chemical substances are required to calculate DNELs as part of their chemical safety assessment (CSA) for any chemicals used in quantities of 10 tonnes or more per year. The DNEL is to be published in the manufacturer's chemical safety report (CSR) and, for hazard communication, in an extended safety data sheet.

Correspondent to REACH legislation, the registrant (manufacturer or importer) of a substance has to indicate the DNELs for the most probable way of exposition (oral, dermal, inhalative) and the expected frequency and duration of exposure. Depending on the way of exposure it can be necessary to specify different DNELs for affected persons (employees, consumer, children, pregnant women etc.). The way to determine a DNE, described in Annex I, 1.4., is predominantly based on toxicological assessments of the substances. If it is not possible to identify a DNEL, this has to be clearly stated and fully justified compliant with Annex I, 1.4.2.

The GESTIS DNEL list of the German Social Accident Insurance (DGUV) makes workplace-related DNELs available that have been established by manufacturers and importers on their own responsibility and are published in this form by the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). The DGUV GESTIS DNEL list currently contains DNELs for workers (local and/or systemic effects during long-term inhalation exposure) for about 6,000 substances. Different DNELs for a single substance are presented side-by-side, carcinogens are specially marked. The DNEL list can be used for a risk assessment of tasks involving hazardous substances, for the specification of protective measures, and for the evaluation of their efficiency. Commercial use of data is prohibited without permission, and liability is excluded.

Links 
What are DNELs?

References

Toxic effects of substances chiefly nonmedicinal as to source
Chemical safety assessment. A  Chemical safety assessment (CSA) is an analysis used in many situations where chemical are used and where there is a possibility that they may present a risk  to life, health or the environment.

The European Union has adopted this phrase to describe a process that has to be performed by registrants for substances manufactured and imported in quantities starting at 10 tonnes per year and by downstream users if their uses are not addressed by their supplier," according to REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals) legislation.

The CSA includes the evaluation of all available relevant information in order to assess risks arising from the manufacture and/or use of a substance. The process needs to be documented adequately and the results have to be documented in a chemical safety report (CSR), which is to be submitted to the European Chemicals Agency as part of the respective registration dossier.
The purpose is to ensure that the risks related to the substance are controlled.

The chemical safety assessment of a substance comprises the following steps:
Assessment of the human health hazard
Human health hazard assessment of physicochemical properties
Assessment of the environmental hazard
Persistent, bioaccumulative and toxic (PBT) and very persistent and very bioaccumulative (vPvB) assessment

The European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) has developed a software tool to support industry in preparing a Chemical Safety Assessment (CSA) and Chemical Safety Report (CSR).

Chemical Safety Report
Chemical Safety Reports are the main end point for data assessment under REACH (the European Community Regulation on chemicals and their safe use, concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemical substances) in which hazard and exposure data are considered together to assess the risk of a substance.

See also
Chemical safety
Msdsonline
Occupational exposure banding
Control banding

References

Chemical safety
Regulation of chemicals in the European Union
Toxicology
Brandner E-300. The Brandner E-300 was an Egyptian turbojet engine, developed for the Helwan HA-300 light jet fighter.

Development
Austrian engineer Ferdinand Brandner, who had worked in the Soviet Union, leading the development of the Kuznetsov NK-12 turboprop, the powerplant of the Tupolev Tu-95 bomber, moved to Egypt to lead a team to design an engine to power the Helwan HA-300 jet fighter that was simultaneously being designed by a team of Germans led by Willy Messerschmitt.

The new engine underwent bench testing in 1963, and was flight tested under the wing of an Antonov An-12, before being installed in a HAL HF-24 Marut for high speed testing, in which form it flew on 29 March 1967. The E-300 was installed in the third HA-300 prototype (the first two were powered by Bristol Siddeley Orpheus engines), but testing stopped in the taxi-test stage before flight tests. The programme of HA-300 was abandoned in May 1969.

Variants
E-300-A
Military version for HA-300
E-300-C1
Civil version of E-300-A, proposed for Project 206 three-engined airliner.
E-300-C2
Proposed growth version of E-300-C1.
E-300-AF
Projected turbofan development.

Specifications (variant)

References

Bibliography
Taylor, John W. R. Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1969-70. London:Jane's Yearbooks, 1969.

External links

1960s turbojet engines
Measured environmental concentration. An Measured Environmental Concentration (MEC) relates to a chemical substance found in an environmental sample. The concentration of the compound may result from direct contamination, transformation and/or metabolization of a different chemical contaminant, natural origin or a combination of these sources. 

MEC is to be used as a reference in the context of Chemical Safety Assessments (CSA) and should be compared with the respective Predicted Environmental Concentration (PEC) and  Predicted No-Effect Concentration (PNEC) in order to decide whether exposure model is valid and the compound related risk is controlled.

References

Chemical safety
Concentration indicators
Toxicology
European Union System for the Evaluation of Substances. The European Union System for the Evaluation of Substances (EUSES) is a mathematical model for calculation of Predicted Environmental Concentrations (PEC) and human exposure. It may be used in Chemical Safety Assessments (CSA) and be cited in Chemical Safety Reports (CSR).

EUSES is provided free of charge from the European Chemical Bureau website and has the form of a Microsoft Excel sheet.

External links
Ex-ECB
EUSES 2.1.1 User Manual

Toxicology
European Union regulations
Chemical safety
Rolls-Royce RB.145. The Rolls-Royce RB.145 was a British jet engine designed in the early-1960s by Rolls-Royce for use as a lightweight VTOL lift and cruise engine. Developed from the Rolls-Royce RB108 the RB.145 featured more accessories and a higher thrust rating. Six engines developed by MAN Turbo were fitted to the first prototype of the EWR VJ 101 experimental German fighter aircraft, achieving supersonic flight by July 1964.

Reheated versions of the RB.145 with a thrust of 3,650 lb (16.2 kN) were fitted to the second EWR VJ 101 with the intention of reaching Mach 1.4.

Variants
RB.145Standard un-reheated turbojet
RB.145R the RB.145 with reheat.

Applications
EWR VJ 101

Specifications (RB.145R)

See also

References

Further reading

External links

EADS - Image of EWR VJ 101 undergoing tethered reheat test

1960s turbojet engines
RB145
Lift jet