omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Iron(II) iodide. Iron(II) iodide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula FeI2. It is used as a catalyst in organic reactions.

Preparation 
Iron(II) iodide can be synthesised by the reaction of iron with iodine at 500 °C:

This is in contrast to the other iron(II) halides, which are best prepared by reaction of heated iron with the appropriate hydrohalic acid.

Alternatively, the synthesis can be carried out by treating freshly reduced iron with concentrated hydriodic acid under a nitrogen atmosphere in methanol. The initially obtained hexamethanol solvate is then thermally decomposed to anhydrous iodide:

Extremely finely divided iron(II) iodide is obtained by thermal decomposition of tetracarbonyldiiodidoiron(II) (Fe(CO)4I2).

In contrast to the ferrous fluoride, chloride and bromide, which form known hydrates, the diiodide is speculated to form a stable tetrahydrate but it not been characterized directly.

Chemical properties 

Iron(II) iodide is a hygroscopic red-violet to black solid that is soluble in water, ethanol and diethyl ether. Rapid oxidation occurs in solution and in moist air. It turns whitish when exposed to air. The solution in water is colorless.

Dissolving iron metal in hydroiodic acid is another route to aqueous solutions of iron(II) iodide. Crystalline hydrates precipitate from these solutions.

Physical properties 
Iron(II) iodide adopts the same crystal structure as cadmium iodide (CdI2). It crystallizes in the trigonal crystal system of the cadmium hydroxide type with the space group Pm1 (space group no. 164) and lattice constants a = 404 pm, c = 675 pm.

Applications 
Iron(II) iodide is used as an ingredient in homeopathic medicines. In the field of application it is known as Ferrum jodatum. However, the attributed effect, particularly against glandular diseases, has not been scientifically confirmed.

It is also used for the production of alkali iodides.

See also 
 Iron(III) iodide, FeI3, unstable

References

Iron(II) compounds
Iodides
Antianemic preparations
Thomas Simpson (engineer). Thomas Simpson (1755–1823) was a British civil engineer.

Career
Simpson was born in Blackwell, Carlisle and began his career in 1778 as a millwright until being appointed an inspector and engineer of the Chelsea Waterworks. He later also became an engineer at Lambeth Waterworks Company. He contributed to the introduction of iron fresh water pipes and replacement of wooden mains in London and throughout the United Kingdom, testifying before a Parliamentary select committee in 1821 that he had invented a method of making spigot and socket joints watertight by filling them with hemp or flax and then covering them in lead.  He also built a workshop to repair and maintain steam engines in 1785, which his son James Simpson took over and developed into James Simpson and Co. Ltd, later Worthington-Simpson Ltd, which after several further mergers currently trades as Flowserve.

References

External links
 — "The first bell and spigot joint was developed by Thomas Simpson of the Chelsea Water Company in England in 1785. The joint was caulked with juie rope impregnated with pine resin or tallow and sealed in place with molten lead. The bell and spigot joint remained the predominant pipe joint until the advent of the push-on joint, for example the TYTON® Joint, in 1956."

English civil engineers
1755 births
1823 deaths
People from Carlisle, Cumbria
Delaware Valley Association of Structural Engineers. The Delaware Valley Association of Structural Engineers (DVASE) is a structural engineering association established in 1991. Its headquarters are in Fort Washington, Pennsylvania, and its member firms are located in Pennsylvania and New Jersey. It is officially the eastern chapter of the Structural Engineers Association of Pennsylvania. Initially a monthly discussion group for business and liability issues, DVASE has since grown and evolved to provide educational offerings.

See also
 National Council of Structural Engineers Associations

References

External links
 

American engineering organizations
Organizations established in 1991
Structural engineering
1991 establishments in the United States
J. T. Mahajan College of Engineering. J. T. Mahajan College of Engineering is located in Faizpur, Maharashtra, India. It was established by the Technical and Medical Education Society in 1984. Initially it was known as TMES College of Engineering as it was operated by a trust named Technical & medical Education Society. It is at the midway (approx.) of the villages Faizpur and Nhavi, near the Madhukar Sehkari Sakhar Karkhana.

References

External links

Engineering colleges in Maharashtra
1984 establishments in Maharashtra
Universities and colleges established in 1984
Cobalt(II) selenide. Cobalt(II) selenide is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula CoSe. The mineral form of this compound is known as freboldite. Similar minerals include trogtalite (CoSe2) and bornhardtite (Co2+Co3+2Se4).

Preparation 

Cobalt(II) selenide can be prepared by placing cobalt selenite in 10% sodium hydroxide solution, stirring it, and adding it drop by drop into the 10% sodium hydroxide solution of sodium thiosulfate. When the color of the reaction solution no longer changes, let it stand, filter, and use water and wash it with 5% hydrochloric acid and dry it to obtain CoSe.

Cobalt(II) selenide can also be produced by the electrodeposition reaction of cobalt(II) acetate and sodium selenite in acidic solution. When the pH is 3.5, the ratio of cobalt and selenium in the compound is closest to 1:1; too low a pH will make the compound rich in selenium, while higher The pH will be rich in cobalt.

Applications 

Ag+-doped cobalt(II) selenide nanoparticles can be used as catalysts for water electrolysis. Cobalt(II) selenide materials mixed with tin selenide can be used as electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells.

Related compounds 

Cobalt(II) selenide can exist in the form of non-stoichiometric compounds. Dissolve cobalt(II) chloride and urea in deionized water in a stoichiometric ratio of 1:1, heat to 120 °C in a stainless steel reactor to obtain pink precipitate Co(CO3)0.35Cl0.20(OH)1.10, wash and vacuum dry. In addition, add selenium powder to the sodium borohydride aqueous solution and shake until the black solid disappears to obtain a NaHSe solution. Add the cobalt source and selenium source into the reaction kettle to perform solvothermal (ethanol-water) reaction to obtain Co0.85Se. This compound is ferromagnetic at room temperature.

In addition, Co9Se8, Co2Se3, Co3Se4 and CoSe2 have also been reported.

References

Cobalt(II) compounds
Selenides
Nickel arsenide structure type
Cobalt(II) formate. Cobalt(II) formate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Co(HCO2)2 (or Co(HCOO)2). It typically exists as a dihydrate (Co(HCO2)2•2H2O) in which it forms a 3D metal–organic framework structure and is known as Co-MOF.

Cobalt(II) formate is a red crystalline solid and is soluble in water. It can be very hazardous to the environment. Cobalt formate is used to make catalysts for chemical manufacture and for isolation of isotopically enriched hydrogen.

Synthesis 
It can be prepared by adding Co(NO3)2 and phytic acid to a mixture of water, methanol, and dimethyl formamide.

The solution will have a clear appearance until it is heated 100 °C for about 24 hours. At this point it, will appear as a red crystalline structure.

Application 
This MOF has recently been used to isolate hydrogen isotopes. This is done via an oxygen evolution reaction using Co(HCOO)2 as a catalyst.

References

Cobalt(II) compounds
Formates
Hunslet Mill. The Hunslet Mill and Victoria Works Complex is a series of very large disused mill buildings in Goodman Street in Leeds.

History
Hunslet Mill was constructed by William Fairbairn for John Wilkinson and completed circa 1842. By 1847 some 1,500 female staff were employed in the mill reeling flax. It was occupied by a firm of linen manufacturers called Richard Buckton and Son from 1868 and then by a firm of blanket weavers called Dodgson and Hargreaves from the mid-1920s until it closed in 1966.

Victoria Works was constructed for W B Holdsworth and was completed in 1838. It was occupied by a tailoring company called Botterill & Senior from the 1930s and later was owned by a firm of ironmongers called R H Bruce before they moved out in the early 1970s.

The complex, which had been derelict ever since, was purchased by developers Evans Property Group and Caddick Developments. However these development plans ultimately failed to commence, meaning that the complex remained derelict until the current developers, JM Construction, bought the site in the mid 2010s.

As of 2017, construction started to redevelop the mill complex. The development, which is called Victoria Riverside, is scheduled for completion by the end of 2023.

See also
Grade II* listed buildings in West Yorkshire
Listed buildings in Leeds (City and Hunslet Ward - southern area)

References

Textile mills in West Yorkshire
Buildings and structures in Leeds
Linen industry
Former textile mills in the United Kingdom
Listed buildings in Leeds
Aérostructure Lutin 80. The Aérostructure Lutin 80, earlier known as the PLM 80 (planeur léger motorisé), is a small, single seat motor glider with a low power pusher configuration engine, designed and built in France in the 1980s. Only two were completed.

Design and development

The Lutin 80 is constructed from glassfibre/epoxy laminates. It is a mid wing monoplane with straight tapered, square tipped wings, set with 4° of forward sweep at 40% chord and 2° of dihedral. There are upper surface airbrakes near mid chord, inboard of the ailerons. The Lutin has a pod and boom style fuselage with a low set boom aft of the wings and a conventional sailplane forward section with a long, one piece, starboard hinged canopy over the single reclined seat. This pod ends abruptly near the wing trailing edge in a cowling over the three cylinder two stroke JPX PAL 640 engine, which delivers 28.5 kW (38 hp) to a foldable three-bladed propeller mounted in pusher configuration.

The slender, constant diameter boom rear fuselage carries a straight tapered empennage of T-tail configuration with a conventional tailplane and elevator. The Lutin has a mechanically retractable monowheel undercarriage, equipped with a disk brake and assisted by small under wing, cantilever strut mounted balancing wheels at about one third span and a semi-recessed tailwheel.

The Lutin 80 flew for the first time on 3 May 1983 and development continued into 1984. A second aircraft was built but there was no further production. In 1994 both completed Lutin 80s were donated to the Conservatoire de l'Air et de L'Éspace d'Aquitaine (C.A.E.A.) where they remain in 2010, though not on general display. The first prototype was registered as F-WAQM but is now deregistered; the second was never registered.

Specifications

References

External links
Wortmann FX-66S-196 airfoil

1980s French ultralight aircraft
Wüst Seahawk. The Wüst Seahawk is a German amateur-built flying boat under development by Wüst GmbH. The aircraft is intended to be supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

Design and development
The Seahawk was originally the Mark Flugzeugbau Shark, but that company went out of business and Wüst continued development of the design.

The Seahawk features a cantilever shoulder-wing, a two-seats-in-side-by-side configuration enclosed cockpit, retractable tricycle landing gear and a single engine in pusher configuration, mounted in a pod above the wing.

The aircraft is made from composites. Its wing mounts downturned wing tips that incorporate floats for water operations. The standard engine used is the  Rotax 914 four-stroke turbocharged powerplant. The highly swept fin mounts the tailplane high, in a nearly T-tailed configuration. The hull incorporates a built-in step.

The aircraft prototype first flew on 29 March 2003, and a second prototype was completed. A third prototype was under construction in Africa in 2010. The company indicated that kit production would likely take place in the Czech Republic.

Since 2010 the company website has disappeared and development of the Seahawk may have ceased.

Specifications (Seahawk)

References

 

Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Shoulder-wing aircraft
Flying boats
2000s German sport aircraft
Aircraft first flown in 2003
Nickel(II) nitrite. Nickel(II) nitrite is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ni(NO2)2. Anhydrous nickel nitrite was first discovered in 1961 by Cyril Clifford Addison, who allowed gaseous nickel tetracarbonyl to react with dinitrogen tetroxide, yielding a green smoke. Nickel nitrite was the second transition element anhydrous nitrite discovered after silver nitrite.

Properties 
Nickel nitrite decomposes when heated to 220°C, however it can be heated up to 260°C in argon. The nitrite is covalently bonded to nickel, and the material is slightly volatile. The infrared spectrum of the solid has absorption bands at 1575, 1388, 1333, 1240, 1080, and 830 cm−1. Liquid dinitrogen tetroxide oxidises nickel nitrite to nickel nitrate.

In solution
When nickel nitrite dissolves in water, different mixed nitro-aqua complexes form such as Ni(NO2)2(H2O)4, , and . 

The aqueous complex Ni(NO2)2(H2O)4 forms when an alkali metal nitrite is added to a nickel salt solution: 

 + 2   Ni(NO2)2(H2O)4 + 2 H2O; K = 0.16 at standard conditions

The complex is a much more intense emerald green colour than the Ni(H2O)62+ ion. Brooker claims that intense light photocatalyses the destruction of the ionic nitro complexes, leaving only Ni(NO2)2(H2O)4.

Nickel nitrite slowly decomposes slightly in aqueous solution due to disproportionation:

3 NO2− + 2 H+ → 2 NO(g) + NO3– + H2O

Complexes

In the presence of additional ligands, nickel nitrite can change colors substantially.  These color changes may arise from the new molecular orbitals, or linkage isomerism, in which the nitro ligands rearrange to a nitrito (-ONO) complex.  Sorted by color, known compounds include:
 Violet
 Ni((Me2N)Pyr)2(ONO)2
 Reddish blue-violet
 Ni((MeNH)Pyr)2(NO2)2
 Blue-gray
 Ni(C(MeNH)H(CH2)3(CMeH)NH)2(ONO)2
 Blue
 Ni(Pyr)4(ONO)2
 Ni(N,N-Et2en)2(NO2)2
 Ni(C(Me2N)H(CH2)4NH)2(ONO)2
 Ni((MeNH)(Me)Pyr)2(ONO)2
 Blue-green
 Ni(Ren)2(ONO)2
 Ni(N,N'-Et2en)2(NO2)2
 Green
 Ni(α-MePyr)2(NO2)2
 Ni(C9H7N)2(NO2)2
 Red
 Ni(NO2)2(NH3)4
 Ni(en)2(NO2)2
 Ni(R-en)2(NO2)2
 Ni((NH2CH2)(NH2)iPr)2(NO2)2
 Ni(Et-en)2(NO2)2
 Ni(rac-Ph2en)2(NO2)2
 Ni(C(MeNH)H(CH2)4NH)2(NO2)2
 Ni(N,N'-Me2en)2(NO2)2•H2O
 Ni(N,N-Me2en)2(NO2)2
 Pink
 Ni(Me-en)2(NO2)2

Double salts
The nitronickelates are related compounds where more nitro groups are attached to nickel to yield an anion.  They could be described as nickel double nitrites.

References

Nickel compounds
Nitrites
Substances discovered in the 1960s
Waterwheel (disambiguation). A water wheel is a machine for converting falling or flowing water into useful power.

Water wheel or Waterwheel may also refer to:
Paddle steamer, or paddle wheel ship, a ship driven by a paddle wheel or wheels in the water 
Noria, a machine for lifting water into an aqueduct
Watermill, a factory or industrial process driven by water power 
Waterwheel plant, common name for the plant Aldrovanda vesiculosa
"Waterwheel", a composition by Ralph Towner from his 1978 album Batik
The WaterWheel Foundation, a charitable organization for the band Phish

See also
 Water Mill (disambiguation)
 Wheel (disambiguation)
 Water (disambiguation)
Olivier Mével. Olivier Mével (born April 27, 1967) is a French pioneer in the Internet of Things (IoT). Trained as an engineer, he is a serial entrepreneur and businessman with a passion for creating interactive web-connected objects. Mével is the co-inventor of Nabaztag, a Wi-Fi enabled ambient electronic device shaped like a rabbit.

In 2012, Mével was named one of 100 French digital influencers and, in 2014, one of 20 French personalities that made an impact on the Internet of Things.

Career 
Mével graduated from the École Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Avancées (ENSTA ParisTech) in 1990. In 1995, he co-founded BaBeL@STaL, one of the first French digital agencies, with Philippe Feinsilber.

Olivier Mével has been involved in several notable ventures throughout his career. In 2000, he was part of the team behind Kasskooye.com, a popular French website known for its satire of the new economy. He contributed under the pseudonym Igmar Andersen.

In 2003, he co-founded Violet with Rafi Haladjian, Violet created Nabaztag, an interactive and internet-connected object launched in 2005, along with RFID reader Mir:ror. He's listed as inventor on 2 patents related to ambient and connected devices.

In 2009, Mével and Marc Chareyron co-founded reaDIYmate. The reaDIYmate DIY kits were successfully launched and manufactured in 2012 on Kickstarter. The duo also created TeleSound   which, on its preliminary campaign, did not gather sufficient funds for full-scale manufacturing   and is awaiting future re-launch.

The collaboration between Mével and Chareyron extended to Enero, a design and technology consultancy specializing in the Internet of Things.

Mével is a mentor for the hardware accelerator program Haxlr8r and a co-organizer of the Internet of Things Paris Meetups (#iotparis).

References

Living people
French businesspeople
1967 births
AeroCad AeroCanard. The AeroCad AeroCanard is a family of American amateur-built aircraft, designed and produced by AeroCad of Florissant, Missouri. The aircraft is supplied as a kit for amateur construction.

Design and development
The AeroCanard line of aircraft all feature a cantilever mid-wing, a canard tail, a four seat enclosed cabin and a single engine in pusher configuration. The tricycle landing gear features either fixed main wheels and a retractable nose wheel or fully retractable gear, depending on the model.

The aircraft is made from composites. Its  span wing has an area of . The aircraft's recommended engine power range is  with the standard engine used the  Lycoming IO-360 four-stroke powerplant.

Operational history
By October 2012 four examples had been registered in the United States with the Federal Aviation Administration.

Variants
AeroCanard FG
Version with fixed main landing gear and retractable nose wheel. The estimated time to build this model is 1400 hours. Eighteen had been reported as completed and flown by the end of 2011.
AeroCanard RG
Version with fully retractable landing gear. The estimated time to build this model is 1700 hours. Three had been reported as completed and flown by the end of 2011.
AeroCanard SB
Version with fixed main landing gear, retractable nose wheel with a "smaller body" width at the front seats. The estimated time to build this model is 1500 hours. Two had been reported as completed and flown by the end of 2011.
AeroCanard SX
Version with fixed main landing gear and retractable nose wheel. The estimated time to build this model is 1400 hours. One had been reported as completed and flown by the end of 2011.

Specifications (AeroCanard RG)

References

External links

Homebuilt aircraft
Single-engined pusher aircraft
Canard aircraft
Polytech Nice Sophia. Ecole polytechnique de l'Université Côte d'Azur (Polytech Nice Sophia) a French engineering College based in the middle of the Sophia Antipolis technology park.

The school has 989 engineering students, 50 doctoral students, 75 faculty members, 22 administrative and technical staff and 7 research laboratories associated. More than 200 engineers graduate each year.

Polytech Nice Sophia is a member of the Polytech Group Network.

History and Location

Establishing 
Polytech Nice Sophia School is created as a result of the association of the Engineering Schools of ESINSA, ESSI and Magisterium of Pharmacology at the publication of Decree No. 2005 - 219 at the French "Journal Officiel" on March 10, 2005.
Polytech Nice Sophia is the Polytechnic Engineering school of the Côte d'Azur University.

Location 
The new Sophie-Politan campus of Nice Sophia University was inaugurated in September 2012, while the project is still not finished. Polytech campus is based on two separate area :
 The "Lucioles" area (ex Magisterium of Pharmacology) grouping PeiP, ISEM and Miage.
 The "Templier" area (ex ESSI) including every students engineering promotions (Master of Advanced Studies)

Administration 

The new school is a member of Polytech Group was managed by Francis Rocca until the September 1st, 2007.
Philippe Gourbesville succeeds to Roger Marlin and seat as the Director of Polytech Nice Sophia considering the agreement of the School Administrative Council (AC) on July 2, 2007. Philippe Gourbesville was re-elected on July 11, 2012, for a term of 5 more years.

References 

Education in France
James Clark Edgerton. James Clark Edgerton (February 2, 1896 – October 26, 1973) was a U.S. Army aviator and Air Mail pilot who as a young lieutenant flew the Philadelphia to Washington, D.C., leg on the first day of scheduled Air Mail service in the United States on May 15, 1918. Edgerton, who retired as a colonel, was also credited with being the first pilot ever to fly into a thunderstorm and with devising the first fire-extinguishing system installed for an aircraft engine. He also helped to organize a civilian pilot-training program and during World War II he served as executive officer for air operations of the War Department.

During his first Air Mail flight from Philadelphia to Washington Edgerton flew into a thunderstorm at 10,000 feet. "One instant the airplane became a tremendous elevator, leaping skyward hundreds of feet," Edgerton noted after landing at the Polo Grounds in Washington, "then the bottom promptly falls out, dizzy fall of hundreds of feet. I was attacked by solid waves of air."

Edgerton flew 52 trips over a total of 7,155 miles, spending 107 hours in the air and making only one forced landing as an Army Air Mail pilot. When the Post Office Department took over flying operations of the Air Mail Service later in 1918, Edgerton stayed with the service eventually becoming the Superintendent of Flying Operations. Later he organized and became superintendent of the Radio Service of the Post Office Department establishing its first aeronautical radio stations.

References

United States airmail pilots
1896 births
1973 deaths
Amplitude death. In the theory of dynamical systems, amplitude death is complete cessation of oscillations. The system can be in a state of either periodic motion or chaotic motion before it goes to amplitude death. A dynamical system can go to amplitude death because of change in intrinsic parameters of the system or its interaction with other systems or its environment.
Amplitude death can appear also because of the delay in the coupling between the systems

See also
Indeterminism
Nonlinear system
Chaos (disambiguation)

References

Dynamical systems