omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Kala-class landing craft. The Kala-class landing craft were a series of utility landing craft operated by the Finnish Navy from the 1950s to early 2000s. The class had six ships and several ships of the class remain in civilian use as of 2025.

Design 

The Kala class was designed in 1950s as part of Finnish Navy post-World War II reconstruction. The design requirements called for  cargo capacity with at least a  single unit load (ie. a tank). The ships were to be able to unload cargo directly on the shore without the need of a pier. The Finnish Navy had experience with German Siebel ferries during World War II and partly based the Kala class on  their design. The Kala class was designed with catamaran hull for both large cargo area and stability. A bow ramp was provided for vehicles. The ships had also provisions for naval mine rails so that they could act as minelayers. The original requirements also included the ability to break the ships into loads for road transport, with two hull pontoons and dismantled deck structure. In practice the road transport ability was seldom used.

Ships in service 

The ships in the class, Kala 1 through Kala 6 were built by Rauma-Repola in Valko and Haminan konepaja, three ships each. The ships were used to supply coastal forts, served with amphibious troops and were used for general logistics supply and transport needs. The design was considered successful and the following  is an enlarged and improved version of the Kala class. As originally built the Kala class had minimal superstructure with only a small control cabin in the rear and received the nickname "floating telephone booths". The ships were rebuilt between 1975 and 1980 with enlarged superstructure and new, modernized bridge.

Kala 4 and Kala 5 were experimentally armed with German 10.5 cm SK C/32 naval guns between 1960 and 1964, a single gun each. The guns were removed after the experiment and the other members of the class were not armed with them.

Civilian use 

The Finnish Navy sold the Kala-class ships as military surplus in the early 2000s. Several ships of the class survive in civilian use: Kala 5 was sold to Harjanti Oy as MS Hessu and Kala 6 to Meripojat Oy. The Helsinki city fire department purchased Kala 3 for oil spill cleanup duties and renamed the vessel Miina. Kala 4 caused concern when it was found in the possession of Airiston Helmi after the company was raided by Finnish police for suspected economic crimes. The company was also suspected of being a front for Russian intelligence agencies. Kala 4 had been modified to better suit transporting tourists rather than heavy equipment as originally built.

References

Ships of the Finnish Navy
Landing craft
Masport. Masport Limited is a New Zealand-based manufacturer specializing in outdoor power equipment and lifestyle products founded in 1910.

History 
In December 1910, Reuben Porter, Harold Mason, and Edwin Jones founded City Engineering Ltd in Auckland, New Zealand. The company initially produced vacuum pumps and stationary engines for agricultural equipment.  in 1915 it was renamed to Mason and Porter Ltd. In 1930, Masport introduced its first hand-operated lawnmower, and in 1938, it developed New Zealand's first petrol-powered lawnmower.

During World War II, Masport contributed to the war effort by manufacturing munitions for the army. After the war, the company expanded its product line to include farm machinery such as ride-on tractors.

Since 1980s Masport was under the control of Brierley Investments and later was sold to a Goldman Sachs JBWere equity fund. Since July 2007, it was owned by Tom Sturgess. In January 2009 Sturgess bought from the JBWere-run Hauraki Private Equity No1 Fund several New Zealand brands, including Masport Foundries, and Masport Consumer.. Massport Ltd. issued a press release stating that Masport Foundries is a completely unrelated business, although they have a common shareholder.

In 2017, Masport was acquired by AL-KO Gardentech, a subsidiary of the German .

Product range 
Today, Masport's product range includes lawnmowers, shredders, cultivators, barbecues, and patio heaters.

Awards and recognition 
In 2023, Masport's petrol lawnmowers received the "People's Choice Award" from Consumer NZ, based on customer satisfaction and performance criteria, as well as several other customers' awards in various years.

References
National Engineering Union. The National Engineering Union (NEU) was a trade union in Ireland.

The union was founded in 1922 as the Irish General Railway and Engineering Union, a split from the Irish Engineering Industrial Union.  It initially had only 612 members, most of whom worked for the Great Southern and Western Railway.  In 1925, it applied to affiliate to the Irish Trade Union Congress (ITUC), but was rejected as other union already represented engineering workers.  In 1933, it renamed itself as the Irish Engineering and Foundry Union (IE&FU).  It reapplied to the ITUC in 1939, but the Plumbers', Glaziers' and Domestic Engineers' Union objected to its membership, a situation resolved by transferring the IE&FU's heating section to the plumbers' union.  In 1945, the union affiliated to the new Congress of Irish Unions, and by 1947 membership had grown to 2,500.

The union renamed itself as the "National Engineering Union" in 1956, and in 1966 it merged into the National Engineering and Electrical Trade Union.  However, the merger was not legally finalised until 1976, and the NEU existed on paper until 1977.

General Secretaries
1922: Thomas Quinn
1923: Thomas Balfe
1925: Edward Gaynor
1933: Thomas Fleming
1937: Patrick O'Hagan
1942: John Cassidy

References

Trade unions established in 1922
Trade unions disestablished in 1966
Engineering trade unions
1922 establishments in Ireland
1966 disestablishments in Ireland
Defunct trade unions of Ireland
Anthropogenic tracers. Anthropogenic tracers are chemicals or other substances that are derived from human activities and can be used to study environmental processes. They can be used to date groundwater, track the movement of wastewater, and study the composition of aerosols.

Examples 
CFCs and sulfur hexafluoride dissolve in groundwater and can be used to date it.
Nitroaromatic hydrocarbons are anthropogenic SOA tracers that can be detected in ambient aerosols.
Pharmaceuticals such as amitriptyline and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide can be detected in surface water.
Methylsuccinic, aromatic, and aliphatic unsaturated acids are anthropogenic tracers that can be detected in fine aerosols.

Uses 
Groundwater dating: The concentration of anthropogenic tracers in groundwater can be used to determine when the water was infiltrated.
Wastewater tracking: Anthropogenic tracers can be used to track the movement of wastewater in the subsurface.
Aerosol composition: Anthropogenic tracers can be used to study the composition of aerosols in the atmosphere.

References

External Links

Air pollution
Particulates
Environmental studies
USBRL Tunnel 50. USBRL Tunnel 50 (also known as T-50) is the longest transportation tunnel in India, with a length of 12.775 kilometers. It is located on the Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla Rail Link (USBRL) project, between the Sumber and Khari stations in the Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. The tunnel was completed in February 2024 and is part of the Katra-Banihal section of the USBRL. The tunnel significantly enhances connectivity within the Kashmir Valley and is a key component of India's efforts to improve transportation infrastructure in the region.

The tunnel was constructed using the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) and was built by Afcons Infrastructure. It features modern safety systems, including escape tunnels, real-time monitoring, and emergency provisions.

References 

Railway tunnels in India
Buildings and structures in Jammu and Kashmir
Rail transport in Jammu and Kashmir
Hyundai Elec City. The Hyundai Elec City () is Hyundai Motor Company's first low-floor electric bus. Its derivative models include the fuel cell bus Elec City FCEV and the smaller Elec City Town.

Overview 

In May 2017, after eight years of development, Hyundai Elec City was first unveiled at Hyundai Motor Company's commercial vehicle motor show, the Hyundai Truck & Bus Mega Fair, and was officially launched on November 24, 2017. There are 27 seats.

Equipped with a 256kWh high-capacity Lithium polymer battery manufactured by LG Chem, it can travel up to 290km on a single charge. The battery is mounted on the ceiling and the motor is mounted on the rear wheel, creating a larger interior space than similar buses. It is equipped with cutting-edge technologies such as an automatic temperature control system that maintains battery performance in extreme cold or heat, and an ultrasonic sensor that prevents the front and rear doors from closing when a person approaches them.

Elec City FCEV (2020–) 
The Elec City FCEV is an urban fuel cell bus. The company began research and development of hydrogen vehicles in 1998 and launched the Elec City FCEV in 2019. It is equipped with a fuel cell system with a maximum output of 180kW, a hydrogen tank capacity of 875L, and a high-output battery of 78.4kWh. It can travel up to 550 km on a single charge. The overall length is 10,995mm, the overall width is 2,490mm, and the overall height is 3,420mm.

This model was exported to Saudi Arabia in 2020 and to Austria in 2022.

In September 2024, cumulative sales exceeded 1,000 units.

Elec City Town (2023–) 
The Eleccity Town is a mid-sized model measuring 9m in length. It is equipped with a 145kWh ternary battery manufactured by SK On, and can travel over 220km on a single charge. The maximum capacity is 41 people and the overall length is 9,045 mm. It is equipped with functions such as two-stage regenerative braking, kneeling, and body height adjustment.

In July 2024, after passing local driving tests, it was exported to Japan.

Gallery

References 

Double-decker buses
Fuel cell buses
Midibuses
Electric buses
2020s cars
Cars introduced in 2017
2010s cars
Rear-wheel-drive vehicles
Hyundai buses
Buses of South Korea
AeroVironment Broomstick. The AeroVironment Broomstick was an unmanned aerial vehicle developed for DARPA. It was notable for being a flying wing, with propulsion and control being achieved through the use of blown flaps and similar aerodynamic means.

Design and development

The Broomstick was developed in response to a need for a long endurance aircraft with unique characteristics.  It was an unswept flying wing configuration, with no dihedral and with all its propulsion and systems being contained within the wing itself. The aircraft used a 50% thick airfoil, which had been developed at the David Taylor Model Basin, located in Bethesda, Maryland. It used differential blowing for boundary layer control, propulsion, and flight control, with no propulsion elements (inlets, exhausts, propellers) being visible outside of the wing.

The Broomstick featured a fixed four wheel undercarriage. There were two vertical fins located by the trailing edge of the wing. A boom trailing behind the wing contained an angle-of-attack sensor, which worked in conjunction with an onboard autopilot.

Operational history
The first flights took place in 1987, and proved the feasibility of using boundary layer control on the 50% thick airfoil.  The Broomstick had horizontal and vertical tail surfaces, mounted at the end of an approximately 4 ft long tailboom. Progress was delayed till funding to allow the development of a digital autopilot became available. The Broomstick's first flight as a truly tailless aircraft, without the tailboom, was made on 14 August 1990. Broomstick flew nominally around 15-20 mph.

The Broomstick was the first known aircraft whose propulsion and control was provided entirely by boundary layer control.

Specifications

See also

References

1980s United States experimental aircraft
Broomstick
Electric aircraft
Flying wings
Unmanned aerial vehicles of the United States
Aircraft first flown in 1987
Aircraft with fixed quad landing gear
National Aerospace Industrial Complex. The National Aerospace Industrial Complex () is a South Korean national industrial complex that will be built in Sacheon and Jinju, South Gyeongsang Province in June 2025, and is the largest aerospace industry cluster in Korea. Complex is divided into two zones: Jinju and Sacheon.

South Gyeongsang Province accounts for 43% of the national space industry production, and is home to Korea Aerospace Industries and Hanwha Aerospace, as well as 125 industrial complexes.

History 

In April 2017, the government newly approved a national industrial complex specializing in the aerospace industry by dividing the areas of Jinju and Yonghyeon-myeon, Sacheon, South Gyeongsang Province, which are close to Korea Aerospace Industries, into the Jinju District and Sacheon District, each measuring exactly 828,999.

In December 2022, the National Space Committee selected Jinju and Sacheon as a Satellite Specialized Zone, a cluster of private space-related companies.

In March 2024, Jinju and Sacheon governmenet established the Smart Green Industrial Complex Basic Plan. Afterwards, the project executor, Korea Land & Housing Corporation, requested the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport to designate it, and the ministry designated the National Aerospace Industrial Complex as a Smart Green Industrial Complex after consultation with relevant organizations and deliberation by the Industrial Location Policy Deliberation Committee.

The development area has been partially modified, and the development period from 2017 to October 2024 was extended to June 2025.

Sacheon District 
This area is in Yongyeon-myeon, Sacheon City.

The Satellite Development Innovation Center is planned to be built here with a total project cost of 37.1 billion won, with 1 underground floor and 2 above-ground floors, and a total floor area of 5,900㎡. It will serve as a hub that brings together all the infrastructure necessary for satellite-related research, manufacturing, and commercialization. It will also serve as a dedicated support center that supports the entire satellite industry, such as promoting startups, supporting companies, and training professional personnel.

Jinju District 
This area is in Yeha-ri, Jeongchon-myeon, Jinju City.

The Space Components Testing Center of the Korea Testing Laboratory currently located in Sangdae-dong, Jinju plans to invest 155.4 billion won by 2028 to expand and relocate the space environment testing facility to Jinju, which will be 10 times the current size, with 1 underground floor and 3 above-ground floors. It will be equipped with orbital and launch environment testing equipment and ground testing equipment.

See also 
 Manufacturing in South Korea
 South Korean space program

References 

Jinju
Sacheon
Industrial parks in South Korea
Aerospace industry in South Korea
Economy of South Gyeongsang Province
Susan Ipri-Brown. Susan Ipri-Brown is an American mechanical engineer, the president of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, and a strategic partnership specialist in the Office of Advanced Manufacturing at the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

Education and career
Ipri-Brown has a bachelor's degree in mechanical and aerospace engineering from Princeton University, and a master's degree in mechanical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She also has a teaching certification from Appalachian State University.

She has worked in public schools in North Carolina, in industry for Delphi Automotive, as an analyst for the Michigan state legislature, and in the US Office of Science and Technology Policy. She became associate director of the Office of STEM Education Partnerships at Northwestern University in Illinois, before moving in 2013 to Hope College in Illinois. There, she became an associate professor of engineering, director of the ExploreHope outreach program, and associate dean for educational outreach, before moving to her position at NIST.

She was elected as president of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) for the 2024–2025 term.

Recognition
Ipri-Brown was elected as an ASME Fellow in 2022.

References

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American mechanical engineers
American women engineers
Women mechanical engineers
Princeton University alumni
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Appalachian State University alumni
Hope College faculty
National Institute of Standards and Technology people
Fellows of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Presidents of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Ángel Escribano. Ángel Escribano Ruiz (born 1971) is a Spanish businessman. Escribano is the co-founder of the defence company Escribano Mechanical & Engineering and is the current President of Indra Sistemas, a Spanish defence and information technology company, since January 2025.

Early life 
Born in Madrid in a humble family in 1971, Angel Escribano Ruiz and his brother Javier started working in his father's mechanic's workshop at the age of fourteen.

Career 
With his brother, Javier, he co-founded Escribano Mechanical & Engineering (EM&E) in 1989. Initially starting as a small machining workshop in Coslada, Madrid, EM&E evolved under Ángel and Javier's leadership into a significant player in the Spanish defence and security industry. EM&E grew from manufacturing mechanical parts to developing and manufacturing various defence systems which includes remote controlled weapon station, electro-optics and guided ammunition kits. The company uses a significant part of its production capacity for defence exports. Between 2019 and 2021, EM&E doubled its revenue. In May 2023, EM&E became one of Indra's industrial partners by acquiring a 3% stake in the defence and information technology company. EM&E incrementally increased their shareholding of Indra over time, making Angel and his brother one of the company's largest shareholders with a 14.3% ownership, second only to the Spanish government's holding through SEPI.

Escribano was appointed President of Indra Sistemas on January 19, 2025, succeeding Marc Murtra, who transitioned to head Telefónica. This appointment came after an extraordinary board meeting, where Escribano was chosen due to his significant shareholding and his experience in the defence sector. His tenure at Indra is anticipated to focus on bolstering the company's position in the defense technology sector both domestically and internationally. His brother, Javier, took over as President of EM&E after Escribano's appointment as President of Indra Sistemas.

References 

1971 births
Living people
Spanish businesspeople
Businesspeople in the defence industry
People from Madrid
Baiwang·HKU station. Baiwang·HKU station (), is a station under construction on Line 13 of Shenzhen Metro. It is expected to open in 2025, and is located in Nanshan District.

Station layout

Construction timeline
 On July 26, 2017, Shenzhen Metro Group Co., Ltd. issued the "Environmental Impact Report of Shenzhen Urban Rail Transit Line 13 Project", which includes this station, and the project is named Baimang Station.
 On September 29, 2019, the acceptance of the excavation conditions of the deep foundation pit of the station was successfully passed.
 On April 22, 2022, the Shenzhen Municipal Bureau of Planning and Natural Resources issued the Announcement on the Approval of the Plan for the Station Names of Relevant Lines of the Fourth Phase of Shenzhen Metro, and the station was renamed from "Baimang Station" to the official station name, "Baiwang·HKU Station".

References

External links

Shenzhen Metro stations
Nanshan District, Shenzhen
Railway stations under construction in China
Pei Rongfu. Pei Rongfu (; 24 August 1924 – 25 January 2025) was a Chinese engineer in the fields of geology of mineral deposits and mineral exploration science, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

Life and career 
Pei was born in Linyu County, Zhili (now Qinhuangdao, Hebei), on 24 August 1924, while his ancestral home is in Liaocheng, Shandong. In 1943, he was accepted to the Department of Geosciences, Beijing Normal University, but transferred to the Department of Geosciences, Tsinghua University in January 1945.

After university in 1948, Pei worked in Beiping Geological Survey Institute. In May 1952, he moved to the Central South Geological Bureau of the Ministry of Geology and than to the Mineral Raw Materials Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences in October 1957. He was recalled to the Ministry of Geology in January 1973, when he was appointed chief engineer of the Geological Support Team from the Ministry of Geology to Sudan. He joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1976. He returned to the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences in January 1978.

Pei died in Beijing on 25 January 2025, at the age of 100.

Honours and awards 
 1988 State Science and Technology Progress Award (Second Class) for non-ferrous and rare metal deposits such as lead-zinc deposits in the Nanling Mountain area
 1995 Li Siguang Geological Science Award
 1999 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)
 2007 State Science and Technology Progress Award (Second Class) for China's metallogenic system and regional metallogenic evaluation

References 

1924 births
2025 deaths
People from Qinhuangdao
Engineers from Hebei
Beijing Normal University alumni
Tsinghua University alumni
Members of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
20th-century Chinese engineers
21st-century Chinese engineers
Chinese men centenarians
Darkhan Metallurgical Plant. The Darkhan Metallurgical Plant (DMP; ) is a metallurgy plant in Darkhan, Darkhan-Uul Province, Mongolia.

History
The construction of the plant started in 1990. The plant then came into operation in 1994.

Production
The plant produces 100,000 tons of steel products and 2.5 million tons of iron ore concentrate annually.

References

External links
  

1994 establishments in Mongolia
Buildings and structures in Darkhan-Uul Province
Darkhan (city)
Industrial buildings completed in 1994
Industrial buildings in Mongolia
Metallurgy
Jinzhou Binhai Sports Centre Stadium. The Jinzhou Binhai Sports Centre Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in the Jinzhou Economic-Technological Development Zone, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China. Opened in 2017, it was built to host large-scale sports events and serves as a key venue for regional athletics and football competitions.

Design and architecture   
The stadium’s design draws inspiration from Jinzhou’s coastal identity:  
 Steel Grid Roof: A **273-meter-span steel grid roof** supported by diamond-shaped lattice arches, designed for seismic resilience.  
 Wave-Like Lighting: Blue and white LED systems mimic ocean waves for nighttime events.  
 Eco-Friendly Systems: Rainwater harvesting and solar panels integrated into the roof.

Major events   
 2017–2018: Hosted athletics championships for the National Youth Games.

Recent developments   
 2022 Upgrades: Installed energy-efficient LED lighting and improved accessibility.  
 Public Access: Part of Jinzhou’s coastal sports tourism initiative, offering free fitness zones.

References   

Stadiums
Multi-purpose stadiums in China