omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Herman Brenner White. Herman Brenner White (born 28 September 1948) is an American physicist who works at Fermilab. He won the 2010 American Physical Society Edward A Bouchet Award.

Early life and education 
White was born in Tuskegee, Alabama. His mother, Susie Mae Fort White, worked at John Andrew Hospital and his father, Herman Brenner White Senior, served in the military. He studied at the Tuskegee Institute High School, where he became interested in nuclear engineering. He was raised in a segregated community. He saw his role in the civil rights movement as being an exceptional student who could prove that black people deserved equal access to education. He studied nuclear physics at Earlham College, before joining Michigan State University, earning a bachelor's degree in physics in 1970. White was awarded an Alfred P. Sloan Foundation Fellowship to study at CERN, and also worked as a research associate at Argonne National Laboratory. He completed his master's degree in 1974. He joined Fermilab in 1974, where he was the first African-American physicist to be appointed.

Research and career 
White held various roles at Fermilab since joining in 1974. Working with his supervisor, Ray Stefanski, he developed a simple formula to calculate neutrino flux. In 1976 he joined Yale University as a research fellow. He joined Florida State University for his doctoral studies, earning a PhD in 1991. He joined the Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí to work on kaons. In 1994, White was appointed the Illinois Research Corridor Fellow and adjunct professor at North Central College. He also worked on the neutrino oscillation experiment (E701) and SciBooNE. He studies neutrino cross-sections and muon conversion. In 2006 his life story was recorded by the HistoryMakers of Chicago as part of the oral history archives.

White supports students from diverse backgrounds in their careers in physics. In 2010 White was awarded the American Physical Society Edward A. Bouchet Award for his work on the Tevatron experiment and outstanding public service. He serves on the advisory board for QuarkNet, National Society of Black Physicists and the Illinois Institute of Technology. He is a member of the Teachers Academy for Mathematics and Science in Chicago. He served on the advisory panel for the United States Department of Energy and National Science Foundation. He ran for congress in the 11th congressional district of Illinois in 2016. In 2017 he appeared in a series of online videos for Science the Day!. He took part in The Story Collider in Batavia, Illinois in 2018.

References

External links 

 Oral history interview transcript with Herman White on 1 April 2020, American Institute of Physics, Niels Bohr Library & Archives

Michigan State University alumni
Florida State University alumni
People from Tuskegee, Alabama
Earlham College alumni
Physics educators
Living people
1948 births
People associated with Fermilab
20th-century American physicists
21st-century American physicists
People associated with CERN
20th-century African-American scientists
21st-century African-American scientists
African-American physicists
North Central College faculty
Edel 665. The Edel 665 is a French sailboat, that was designed by Maurice Edel and first built in 1984. It was marketed as the Edel 660 in France and is sometimes referred to as the Edel 6.

Production
The design was built by Construction Nautic Edel in France and also at its Canadian subsidiary, Edel Canada. Between 1975 and 1984 a total of 900 examples were completed.

Design

The Edel 665 is a small recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fiberglass, with mahogany wood trim. It has a fractional sloop rig, a raked stem, a vertical transom, a skeg-mounted spade-type rudder controlled by a tiller and a fixed fin keel. It displaces  and carries  of ballast.

The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel fitted. The boat is normally fitted with a small outboard motor for docking and maneuvering.

Features include a lifting eye on the keel to facilitate winching the boat in and out of the water with a crane, opening foredeck hatch, a mainsheet traveller and genoa tracks. Accommodations can sleep four people on a "V"-berth, a convertible settee and quarter berth. Factory options included jibsheet winches, a hydraulic "pop-top", a recirculating head and a spinnaker.

The design has a hull speed of .

Operational history
The design was named Boat of the Year at the Paris Boat Show.

See also
List of sailing boat types

Related development
Edel 540

Similar sailboats
Alberg 22
Buccaneer 220
Cape Dory 22
Capri 22
CS 22
DS-22
Falmouth Cutter 22
Hunter 22
J/22
Marlow-Hunter 22
Marshall 22
Nonsuch 22
Pearson Electra
Pearson Ensign
Ranger 22
Santana 22
Seaward 22
Spindrift 22
Starwind 223
Tanzer 22
Triton 22
US Yachts US 22

References

External links

Official brochure

Keelboats
1970s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Sailboat type designs by Maurice Edel
Brake fluid pressure sensor. A brake fluid pressure sensor senses the brake fluid pressure in a hydraulic braking system. The sensor is a type of pressure switch that shows and alerts a fault in the braking system.

Brake problems 
The fault could be lack of hydraulic fluid, low brake fluid in the reservoir, a broken hydraulic line or a bad master brake cylinder. The sensor is used to detect pressure differentials in the hydraulic system. If the car alerts a fault in the hydraulic system and the system checks out, the sensor itself may have failed.

Design 
The sensor has an input port to measure the hydraulic braking pressure and an electrical connector output for a wire connection for feeding the warning light. Some brake failures do not trip the sensor into a fault mode.

A brake fluid pressure sensor is used in anti-lock braking system (ABS). ABS fault lights come on with unexpected wheel lock from the ABS system, but could also include low fluid in the reservoir.

New accident avoidance technologies system also use brake fluid pressure sensors.

Many large heavy vehicles, like trucks, particularly those having multiple trailers use air brakes that use air pressure sensors.

Examples

See also
 Hydropneumatic
 List of auto parts
 Pascal's law

References

Vehicle braking technologies
Burwood rail underbridge. The Burwood rail underbridge is a heritage-listed railway underbridge located on the Main Southern and Main Western railway lines in the Sydney suburb of Burwood, New South Wales, Australia. The triple-girder underbridge spans Burwood Road. The railway bridge was built from 1892 to 1926 by John Ahern. The property is owned by Transport Asset Holding Entity, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

History

Description 
The Burwood rail underbridge is a single-span  metal, half-through plate web girder. It carries the double Main Suburban line (middle two of the six tracks) on a three-girder arrangement - outer girder, down suburban, inner girder, up suburban, outer girder. The term "metal" has been used to draw attention to the fact that the outer girders were part of an 1892 wrought iron bridge whereas the 1926 inner girder is steel. The cross girders carry a concrete deck supporting ballasted tracks. On the north side of the Up outer girder is the makers plate – John Ahern 1892 Govt Contract.

Condition 

As at 27 March 2006, the physical condition is good.

Heritage listing 
As at 27 March 2006, The Burwood rail underbridge is an example of triple-girder bridge. Constructed as a plate web girder bridge, it is a major example of a main line bridge.

Burwood rail underbridge was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria.

The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales.

The Maker's Plate on the triple-girder plate web girder bridge over Burwood Road is historically rare.

The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.

Triple-girder bridges are relatively rare, there being two others on this rail corridor (located at Burren Street, Macdonaldtown and Old Canterbury Road, Lewisham) and another just past Strathfield over Powells Creek. The oldest triple-girder plate web girder bridge is the 1879 wrought iron structure over Ultimo Road, originally built for the double-track goods line to Darling Harbour now giving single-track access to the Powerhouse Museum.

The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural or natural places/environments in New South Wales.

Plate web girders are a common, basic railway bridge usually with only two parallel girders, be they single or double track bridges. The Burwood rail underbridge represents the triple-girder type.

Gallery

See also 

Burwood railway station, Sydney
Railway bridges in New South Wales

References

Attribution

External links

New South Wales State Heritage Register
Burwood, New South Wales
Railway bridges in New South Wales
Articles incorporating text from the New South Wales State Heritage Register
1892 establishments in Australia
Bridges completed in 1892
Main Southern railway line, New South Wales
Blaicher B.1. The Blaicher B.1 was a Polish glider first flown in 1934. It was intended to fill an intermediate trainer role, but offered no advance on existing aircraft and only the prototype was completed.

Design and development
In about 1932 the Institute of Gliding Technique (I.T.S.) released a specification for an intermediate glider which resulted in the ITS-II. Michal Blaicher was a glider pioneer in Poland who later was in charge of the Military Gliding Camp (W.O.S.) at Ustianowa. His 1933 design was aimed at the same intermediate class but intended to have better performance than the 1933 Kocjan Komar, which had displaced the ITS-II. It was built in the Lwów workshops of ZASPL, the Aviation Association of students of the Technical University and the oldest aviation organization in Poland, which had also built the ITS-II. The Blaicher B.1's first flight was on 29 March 1934, piloted by its designer. Tests at Ustianowa, flown by Edward Peterek, showed no significant improvement over the Komar so no production resulted, though the sole prototype remained operational for two more years.

The Blaicher B.1 had a two-part, twin spar wing of rectangular plan out to angular tips. It was plywood-covered from the forward spar around the leading edge, forming a D-box. Behind, the wing was fabric covered. It was mounted centrally on a raised, streamlined pedestal which extended aft of the wing, dropping in height, to the tail. Two pairs of parallel struts braced the wing to the lower fuselage. The pilot's open cockpit was immediately ahead of the pedestal and wing leading edge.

The fuselage was hexagonal in section, though dominated by deep, vertical sides and covered with ply forward and fabric aft. A sprung landing skid ran from the nose almost to the trailing edge, aided by a short tailskid. At the rear a triangular tailplane, mounted on top of the fuselage and braced from below with a single strut on each side, carried straight-edged, round tipped elevators with a central cut-out for rudder movement. The fin was very small but mounted a full, rounded and balanced rudder.

Specifications

See also

References

Blaicher B01
Aircraft first flown in 1934
C&C Landfall 39. The C&C Landfall 39 is a sailboat that was designed by C&C Design and Robert Perry and first built in 1985. The boat has a centre cockpit deck layout, which allows for an aft cabin interior.

The design is sometimes confused with the Ron Amy-designed 1974 boat of the same name, although the two designs are unrelated.

Production
The design was built by the Canadian company C&C Yachts, at their Rhode Island, United States plant. At least 15 examples of the design were completed between 1985 and 1989, but it is now out of production.

Design
The C&C Landfall 39 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fibreglass. It has a masthead sloop rig, a raked stem, a  near-vertical transom, a skeg-mounted rudder controlled by a wheel and a fixed fin keel. It displaces  and carries  of lead ballast.

The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel fitted. The boat is fitted with a Japanese Yanmar 4JHE diesel engine of . The fuel tank holds  and the fresh water tank has a capacity of .

Accommodations
Gregg Nestor, writing in Cruising World in 2011 said of the design: "With the exception of a cavernous lazarette, almost the entire hull of the Landfall 39 is devoted to accommodations. The quality of the joinery is above average, and areas of white laminate accent the varnished teak and go far toward keeping the interior bright. Headroom is well over 6 feet, and there are overhead grab rails for safety.
The companionway ladder leads directly into the spacious main saloon, where settees outboard face a substantial centerline drop-leaf table. Aft on the starboard side of the main saloon there’s a large aft-facing navigation station and chart table. The area is well lit by the two large deadlights and a pair of opening portlights. Two dorade vents provide additional ventilation.

Forward of the saloon, a short passageway leads to the forward cabin and its generous V-berth. The head compartment is to starboard of the passageway, and a hanging locker lies to port.

The galley is in the port-side passageway that leads to the aft cabin. A double sink and a small counter are behind the companionway ladder, while the three-burner stove, more counter space, and the large, top-loading refrigerator/freezer are outboard.

The aft cabin offers very private quarters with an athwartships double berth, numerous stowage spaces, and its own head compartment. Four opening portlights and an overhead opening hatch provide illumination and ventilation."

See also

 List of sailing boat types

References

External links
 Original Factory Brochure - C&C Landfall 39
 Original Factory Standard Equipment - C&C Landfall 39

Keelboats
1980s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Sailboat type designs by C&C Design
Sailboat type designs by Robert Perry
Sailboat types built by C&C Yachts
Paul Torrens. Paul Morrison Torrens is a professor in New York University Tandon School of Engineering's Department of Computer Science and Engineering and Center for Urban Science and Progress. He co-authored the book Geosimulation: Automata-Based Modeling of Urban Phenomena.

Torrens was the recipient of a Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers from the National Science Foundation in 2007.

References 

American computer scientists
New York University faculty
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Polytechnic Institute of New York University faculty
Recipients of the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers
Climate change in Cambodia. Cambodia is highly vulnerable to the effects of climate change. Extreme weather events will occur more frequently; this includes floods, which already affect 90,000 residents annually, and heatwaves, with Cambodia already having one of the highest temperatures of the world. The temperature has increased since the 1960s by 0.18 °C per decade. It had the 7th lowest  emissions in Asia in 2019. 

Climate change is leading to increased drought in Cambodia, which is having major impacts on the Tonlé Sap and Mekong deltas. These water systems are highly important for water, agriculture and fishing in the country. Cambodia's population is impacted by increasing floods, tropical cyclones and waterborne diseases, and is highly vulnerable due to its high rate of poverty.

Greenhouse gas emissions 

In 2020 Cambodia reported 15.33 mt in  emissions and is responsible for 0.04% in 2019 and cumulatively 0.01% of worldwide  emissions. The per capita  emissions in 2019 were 0.97t since 2013 a big increase in  emissions was observed with an increase of 192.69% between 2013 and 2019. 143.84 mt of  emissions have been emitted between 1751 and 2019.

Impacts on the natural environment

Temperature and weather changes 

The temperature has increased 0.18 °C per decade since 1980. Cambodia already has one of the highest temperatures in the world with 35 °C being recorded for 64 days a year nationally. These temperatures will rise in all RCP scenarios which could lead to permanent heat stress. The probability of droughts in 2080-2099 will rise from 4% annually to 5-9% under all scenarios.

The sub-daily precipitation will likely increase in intensity. Around 90.000 people are annually exposed to flooding in Cambodia, in RCP 8.5 scenario this will increase to 160.000 people annually. A study that was done by the World Bank expects that in 2050 19% of the population will be exposed to flooding.

Water 

A major climate change issue for Cambodia is the impact it has on the Tonlé Sap lake and Mekong river system. Climate change will impact water flow in the country and increase the frequency of droughts. Hydropower dams have further exacerbated the issue.

Impacts on people 
Impacts on the Tonlé Sap lake and Mekong will have considerable implications for agriculture and fishing in the country. The Cambodian population, which has a high rate of poverty, is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change on tropical cyclones, floods and waterborne diseases.

UNICEF ranked Cambodia 46th out of 163 that they assessed on the impact of climate change on the youth. Cambodia was ranked as a high risk country in the report. The youth in Cambodia is already highly exposed to scarcity of water,  riverine flooding and vector-borne disease which could worsen with the effects of climate change.

Mitigation and adaptation 
The Cambodian government pledges to reduce emissions by 41.7% in 2030.

See also
 Tonlé Sap
 Climate change in Vietnam
 Climate change in Thailand
 Deforestation in Cambodia

References 

Environment of Cambodia
Climate change by country
Cambodia
Water in Cambodia
Shahed 171 Simorgh. The Shahed 171 Simorgh (sometimes S-171 and called IRN-170 by the US government) is an Iranian jet-powered flying wing unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) produced by Shahed Aviation Industries.

Its design is based on a reverse engineered American RQ-170 UAV captured by Iran in 2011 and modified to carry guided missiles. It is one of two Iranian flying wing UAVs based on the RQ-170, along with the Saegheh, a smaller version, with which it is often confused.

Etymology 
Simorgh is a Persian word deriving from Middle Persian 𐭮𐭩𐭭𐭬𐭥𐭫𐭥 sēnmurw, which was a benevolent bird in Persian mythology.

Design 
The Simorgh is a reverse engineered RQ-170. There are multiple unknown variants, one of which is modified to play the role of a UCAV armed with 4 missiles. An author stated it was a crude mock-up mostly made out of fiberglass. It was used with munitions during the 2020 Joint Exercise Zolfaghar 99.

Status 

According to the United States Government, a company associated with Imam Hossein University, Paravar Pars Company, was involved in the reverse engineering and research, development, and production of the Shahed 171.

Two were under construction as of 2014. In 2014 Iran said that they would have four in service by March 2015.

The UAV was first seen in May 2015 and was shown flying on Iranian TV in October 2016. Jane's analysis placed the UAV at Kashan Air Base.

Some sources report that a Shahed 171 may have been shot down in the February 2018 Israel–Syria incident, but the UAV was probably the very similar Saegheh.

Operators

 Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps - Aerospace Force

See also

Related development 

 Lockheed Martin RQ-170 Sentinel
 Shahed Saegheh

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era 

 Northrop Grumman RQ-180
 Mikoyan Skat
 Sukhoi Okhotnik
 Northrop Grumman Bat

References

 

 

171
Unmanned military aircraft of Iran
Iranian military aircraft
Aircraft manufactured in Iran
Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force
Post–Cold War military equipment of Iran
Unmanned aerial vehicles of Iran
Landfall 43. The Landfall 43 is a Canadian sailboat that was designed by Robert W. Ball, the chief designer of C&C Design, and first built in 1982. The Landfall 43 was built with the charter trade in mind, to compete with Morgan and Whitby’s centre cockpit models. The Landfall series, begun with the Landfall 43's predecessor the Landfall 42, was part of a trend within C&C Yachts during the later 1970s and early 1980s to develop more cruising-oriented designs under company president George Cuthbertson's direction.

Production
The design was built by the Canadian company C&C Yachts starting in 1982, but it is now out of production.

Design
The Landfall 43 is a recreational keelboat, built predominantly of fibreglass, with wood trim. It has a masthead sloop rig or optionally a ketch rig, a centre cockpit, a raked stem, raised transom, a skeg-mounted rudder controlled by a wheel and a fixed fin keel. It displaces  and carries  of ballast.

The boat has a draft of  with the standard keel fitted.

The boat is fitted with a Westerbeke diesel engine of . The fuel tank holds  and the fresh water tank has a capacity of .

The design has a hull speed of .

Accommodations
Access to the aft cabin is through a companionway from the cockpit, or through an interior passageway with full standing headroom. The aft cabin is large, with a centre line double berth, a hanging locker plus other lockers, and private head with shower. There are four opening ports and an opening hatch for light and ventilation. The passageway forward has a workbench outboard (or optionally two sea berths) and engine access inboard.

Entering the saloon, the galley is to port, and the navigation station is just ahead. The large U-shaped galley has a refrigerator, double stainless steel sinks, a row of drawers, a hidden built-in disposal basket, a dry locker, and a three-burner propane stove with oven.

The saloon's U-shaped dinette converts to a double berth, with a settee across. There are six lockers behind the settees. Forward is a head, accessible from either the saloon or the forecabin. The forward cabin is a double and provides lockers, hanging lockers, and other storage. There are six opening ports, five opening hatches, and two dorade boxes forward for ventilation.

See also

 List of sailing boat types

References

External links
Original C&C factory brochure for the Landfall 43 with Sail Plan and Accommodations Layout
Landfall 43 Standard Equipment List

Keelboats
1980s sailboat type designs
Sailing yachts
Sailboat type designs by Robert W. Ball
Sailboat types built by C&C Yachts
David Wolfe (mathematician). David Wolfe is a mathematician and amateur Go player.

Education and career
Wolfe graduated from Cornell University in 1985, with a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering. He obtained a Ph.D. in computer science from the University of California, Berkeley in 1994, with a dissertation Mathematics of Go: Chilling Corridors combining both subjects and supervised by Elwyn Berlekamp.

After working as a lecturer at the University of California, Berkeley from 1991 to 1996, as an associate professor at Gustavus Adolphus College from 1996 to 2008, and then as an adjunct faculty member at Dalhousie University, he moved from academia to the software industry.  Wolfe was a fan of Martin Gardner and in 2009 he teamed up with Tom M. Rodgers to edit a Gardner tribute book.

Books
Wolfe is the author of books on combinatorial game theory, including:
Mathematical Go: Chilling Gets the Last Point (with Elwyn Berlekamp, A K Peters, 1994; also published as Mathematical Go Endgames: Nightmares for the Professional Go Player, Ishi Press, 1994)
Lessons in Play: An Introduction to Combinatorial Game Theory (with Michael H. Albert and Richard Nowakowski, A K Peters, 2007; 2nd ed., CRC Press, 2019)

References 

Combinatorial game theorists
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
Nationality missing
American Go players
Go (game) writers
Cornell University alumni
UC Berkeley College of Engineering alumni
University of California, Berkeley faculty
Gustavus Adolphus College faculty
Academic staff of Dalhousie University