omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Breach and attack simulation. Breach and attack simulation (BAS) refers to technologies that allow organizations to test their security defenses against simulated cyberattacks. BAS solutions provide automated assessments that help identify weaknesses or gaps in an organization's security posture.

Description 
BAS tools work by executing simulated attacks against an organization's IT infrastructure and assets. These simulated attacks are designed to mimic real-world threats and techniques used by cybercriminals. The simulations test the organization's ability to detect, analyze, and respond to attacks. After running the simulations, BAS platforms generate reports that highlight areas where security controls failed to stop the simulated attacks.

Organizations use BAS to validate whether security controls are working as intended. Frequent BAS testing helps benchmark security posture over time and ensure proper incident response processes are in place.BAS testing complements other security assessments like penetration testing and vulnerability scanning. It focuses more on validating security controls versus just finding flaws. The automated nature of BAS allows wider and more regular testing than manual red team exercises. BAS is often part of a continuous threat exposure management (CTEM) program.

Features 
Key features of BAS technologies include:

 Automated testing: simulations can be scheduled to run repeatedly without manual oversight.
 Threat modeling: simulations are designed based on real adversarial tactics, techniques and procedures.
 Attack surface coverage: can test internal and external-facing assets.
 Security control validation: integrates with other security tools to test efficacy.
 Reporting: identifies vulnerabilities and prioritizes remediation efforts.

Use cases 
Major breach attack simulation use cases include:

Validating security controls 
Frequent BAS testing helps ensure security controls like firewalls and endpoint detection stay properly configured to detect real threats. Continuous changes to networks and systems can introduce misconfigurations or gaps that BAS exercises uncover. Many solutions provide the ability to compare different software tools adopted or purchased and assess which is more effective. Regular simulations also improve incident response by training security personnel.

Efficiency improvements 
Iterative BAS helps optimize detection and response times. It assists teams in tuning monitoring tools and refining processes. Vulnerability patching can also be better prioritized based on observed exploitability versus just CVSS severity.

Assessing resilience 
BAS emulates full attack techniques to prep defenses against real threats. Mapping simulations to frameworks like MITRE ATT&CK validate readiness against known adversary behavior. While not as in-depth as red teaming, BAS quickly benchmarks resilience.

References

See also 

 Red team
 Penetration test

Security software
Downfall (security vulnerability). Downfall, known as Gather Data Sampling (GDS) by Intel, is a computer security vulnerability found in 6th through 11th generations of consumer and 1st through 4th generations of Xeon Intel x86-64 microprocessors. It is a transient execution CPU vulnerability which relies on speculative execution of Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX) instructions to reveal the content of vector registers.

Vulnerability
Intel's Software Guard Extensions (SGX) security subsystem is also affected by this bug.

The Downfall vulnerability was discovered by the security researcher Daniel Moghimi, who publicly released information about the vulnerability in August 2023, after a year-long embargo period.

Intel promised microcode updates to resolve the vulnerability. The microcode patches have been shown to significantly reduce the performance of some heavily-vectorized loads.

Patches to mitigate the effects of the vulnerability have also been created as part of the forthcoming version 6.5 release of the Linux kernel. They include code to disable the AVX extensions entirely on CPUs for which microcode mitigation is not available.

Vendor responses

References

External links 
 Downfall Attacks Developer Page
 MITRE CVE-2022-40982 page

Transient execution CPU vulnerabilities
Hacking in the 2020s
Intel
2023 8 Hours of Bahrain. The 2023 Bapco Energies 8 Hours of Bahrain was an endurance sportscar racing event held on 4 November 2023, as the seventh and final round of the 2023 FIA World Endurance Championship. It was the twelfth running of the event, and the fifth running in an extended 8 hours format.

Background 
On 26 October 2023, the FIA published the Balance of Performance (BoP) for the Hypercar and LMGTE AM classes. In Hypercar, the Cadillac and Porsche both lost 7 kilograms of weight. They also both lost 1 MJ of maximum stint energy. For all other cars in the class, the BoP remained the same as it was during the Fuji round. In LMGTE Am, the Aston Martin received a fuel tank increase of 2 litres and an 0.04 increase in engine power. The Corvette received a fuel tank decrease of 2 litres, and a decrease of 0.6 mm for the maximum size of the air restrictor. For the Porsche and Ferrari, the BoP remained the same as it was during the Fuji round.

Entry list 
There were 36 cars entered into the event: 12 Hypercars, 11 LMP2 cars, and 13 LMGTE Am cars. In Hypercar, Ryan Briscoe replaced João Paulo de Oliveira in the No. 4 Floyd Vanwall Racing Team machine. Furthermore, Nico Müller returned to the No. 94 Peugeot TotalEnergies machine, after missing the Fuji round due to an injury.

In LMP2, Mirko Bortolotti returned to the No. 63 Prema Racing machine, and Tom Blomqvist returned to the No. 23 United Autosports machine. In LMGTE Am, Franck Dezoteux joined the No. 21 AF Corse machine, with Liam Talbot replacing Satoshi Hoshino in the No. 777 D'Station Racing machine. Furthermore, Esteban Masson joined the No. 57 Kessel Racing machine, replacing Ritomo Miyata, whilst Daniel Serra also returned after missing the previous two rounds.

Schedule

Free practice 
 Only the fastest car in each class is shown.

Qualifying 
Pole position winners in each class are marked in bold.

Race 
The minimum number of laps for classification (70% of overall winning car's distance) was 174 laps. Class winners are in bold and .

References 

8 Hours of Bahrain
Bahrain
8 Hours
8 Hours
Artificial intelligence in pharmacy. Artificial intelligence in pharmacy is the application of artificial intelligence (AI) to the discovery, development, and the treatment of patients with medications. AI in pharmacy practices has the potential to revolutionize all aspects of pharmaceutical research as well as to improve the clinical application of pharmaceuticals to prevent, treat, or cure disease. AI, a technology that enables machines to simulate human intelligence, has found applications in pharmaceutical research, drug manufacturing, drug delivery systems, clinical trial optimization, treatment plans, and patient-centered services.

Drug discovery and development 

AI algorithms analyze vast datasets with greater speed and accuracy than traditional methods. This has enabled the identification of potential drug candidates, prediction of their interactions, and optimization of formulations. AI-driven simulations and modeling assist researchers in understanding molecular interactions, thus expediting the drug development timeline.

Drug delivery systems 
AI is revolutionizing the drug delivery systems. AI technology can assist in identifying biological targets for pharmaceuticals, evaluating the pharmacological profiles of potential drugs, and analyzing genetic information; in the future, this could lead to drugs personalized to an individual, targeted cancer treatments, and edible vaccines.

References 

Applications of artificial intelligence
Pharmacy
Pharmaceutical industry
J. Paul Morrison. J. Paul Morrison (1937-2022) was a Canadian, British-born, software architect and computer scientist. He is best known as the creator of flow-based programming and author of "Flow Based Programming: A New Approach to Application Development". In 2013, an interview, which was videotaped, between Paul and Henri Bergius, was held in Toronto.

References

Canadian computer scientists
1937 births
2022 deaths
Ella Atkins. Ella Marie Atkins is an American aerospace engineer whose research involves flight planning and the coordination of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles. She is a head of the Kevin T. Crofton Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering at Virginia Tech, where she holds the Fred D. Durham Chair in Engineering, and is the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Aerospace Information Systems.

Early life and education
Atkins is originally from Summers County, West Virginia, where her father, Mason Atkins, worked as a farmer, farm equipment salesman, and local politician. She went to Hinton High School. As a young student she participated in the Study of Mathematically Precocious Youth, learning mathematics under the mentorship of a Johns Hopkins University graduate student. Later, as a high school senior, she was the winner of the 1984 West Virginia Junior Miss competition, and won the scholastic achievement category in the national competition.

She became an undergraduate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she earned bachelor's and master's degrees in MIT's program in Aeronautics & Astronautics in 1988 and 1990, respectively. Continuing her graduate study in the program in Computer Science & Engineering at the University of Michigan, she earned a second master's degree in 1995, and completed her Ph.D. in 1999. Her dissertation, Plan Generation and Hard Real-time Execution with Application to Safe, Autonomous Flight, was jointly supervised by Kang G. Shin and Edmund H. Durfee.

Academic career
She became an assistant professor of aerospace engineering at the University of Maryland, College Park from 1999 to 2006, before returning to the University of Michigan as an associate professor in the Department of Aerospace Engineering in 2006. At Michigan, she became a professor, the director of the Autonomous Aerospace Systems Laboratory, and the associate director of the University of Michigan Robotics Institute. In 2022, she moved again, to Virginia Tech, as head of the Kevin T. Crofton Department of Aerospace and Ocean Engineering and Fred D. Durham Chair in Engineering. 

She is the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Aerospace Information Systems, published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

Recognition
Atkins was named a Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics in 2019. She was the 2022 recipient of the AIAA Intelligent Systems Award.

References

External links
Home page

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Engineers from West Virginia
American aerospace engineers
American women engineers
Women aerospace engineers
Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
University of Michigan alumni
University of Maryland, College Park faculty
University of Michigan faculty
Virginia Tech faculty
Fellows of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Marty Bradley. Marty Bradley is an American aerospace engineer who specializes in advanced propulsion, electric aircraft, and sustainable aviation. He is a fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), an adjunct professor of aerospace and mechanical engineering practice at the University of Southern California (USC), and a sustainable aviation consultant.

Education and career 
Bradley received his Ph.D. in aerospace engineering from USC in 1994. He worked for Northrop Grumman in the 1980s, Rockwell International in the 1990s, then at Boeing until 2020, advancing to the position of Boeing Technical Fellow. In 2020, he joined Electra.aero, a hybrid-electric aircraft company.

Research and projects 
In the 1990s, Bradley specialized in propulsion integration for hypersonic vehicles such as missiles and airplanes, and was the leader of the nozzle team for the Rockwell X-30. He authored test standards documents for nozzle and flowpath testing.

Later, Bradley was involved in the Transonic Truss-Braced Wing (TTBW) project. The TTBW is an experimental aircraft demonstrator designed with a long wingspan that burns much less fuel than traditional jet liners. This was originally part of the Subsonic Ultra Green Aircraft Research (SUGAR) program, a series of NASA studies that investigated future technologies that would burn less fossil fuels, with the goal of predicting the technology and designs of commercial aircraft around the years 2030–2050. Bradley was the principal investigator for SUGAR. Boeing designed a low-emission aircraft concept called the Sugar Volt as part of this program.

While at Boeing, Bradley created test plans for aviation biofuel demonstrations. Aviation biofuel was later approved and used industry-wide. The use of aviation biofuel reduces net carbon dioxide emissions from aircraft. He also created a life-cycle assessment (LCA) tool for aircraft called qUWick, and integrated it into Boeing's commercial aircraft design process, which helps to evaluate the environmental impact of potential new aircraft.

In a paper in Nature in 2022, Bradley and his co-authors investigated what would be needed to drive forward the fledgling electric aircraft industry, and concluded that batteries with high watt hours per kilogram and high safety and reliability were the main bottlenecks. The paper concluded that with sufficient research and investment, 600 watt hour per kilogram batteries suitable for the mass production of short-range electric aircraft could be developed within a decade.

AIAA 
Bradley became an American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) fellow in 2018. He helped create and was the first chairman of the High Speed Airbreathing Propulsion Technical Committee and the yearly Electric Aircraft Technology Symposium (EATS).

References

External links 
 

American aerospace engineers
20th-century American engineers
21st-century American engineers
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
University of Southern California alumni
Fellows of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
University of Southern California faculty
List of former equipment of the Swiss Army. 

List of former equipment of the Swiss Army

References 

 Betriebsanleitung Entpannungspanzer 65 (1972) K + W (Hrsg.): Entpannungspanzer 65 Betriebsanleitung. Nur für den dienstlichen Gebrauch. Auflage von 1972. K+W (Eidgenössische Konstruktionswerkstätte) – Thun(Entpannungspanzer 65 Operating Instructions. Only for official use. Edition of 1972. K+W (Swiss design workshops) – Thun)
 Book Die Panzer der Schweizer Armee von 1920 bis 2008, Urs Heller (2008) 
 Book Fahrzeuge der Schweizer Armee von 1900 bis 2020, Markus Hofmann, Max Martin and Christoph Zimmerli (2020), ISBN 978-3-033-07130-8, . Presented are all military vehicles, which served in the Swiss Army from 1900 until 2020.
 Military Museum Full-Reuenthal, Switzerland 

Military equipment of Switzerland
Switzerland
Swiss military-related lists
R. H. Chapman. Robert Hall Chapman (6 January 1890 – 10 May 1953) was an Australian engineer, Commissioner for Railways in South Australia from 1947 to 1950.

History
Chapman was born son of Robert William Chapman and Eva Maude Chapman, née Knox, who married on 14 February 1889, and had a home on High Street, Burnside, South Australia.
He was educated at St Peter's College and the University of Adelaide, where he had an outstanding academic career.
He enlisted with the First AIF in August 1915, and after training at the NCO School at Mitcham served with the 12th Battalion in France, rising to rank of Captain, wounded in battle, then attached to the (British) 23rd Field Company, Royal Engineers, Calibration Section on Salisbury Plain.

He was appointed to the South Australian Railways as a civil engineer, and in 1923 was tasked with design and building of the railway bridge  at Murray Bridge, after which he was appointed chief engineer for the State. He supervised the rebuilding of all railway bridges, station yards and locomotive depots, and the conversion of  of track in the western division from narrow to broad gauge. He supervised the construction, during World War II, of the Finsbury munition works and the early stages of the Salisbury munitions factory.

He was made acting Railways Commissioner with the retirement of C. B. Anderson in 1946, then appointed to the substantive position on 16 January 1947, with a contracted term of seven years. 

He died of a heart complaint in the (private) Ru Rua hospital a week after taking sick leave.
His assistant, J. A. Fargher, was appointed his deputy while on leave, then Commissioner in October 1953.

Recognition
Malcolm Mcintosh, Minister of Railways, described him as a "great administrator . . . His candid and cheerful manner endeared him to a vast number of friends, and his just administration earned him the esteem of every employe[e] of the railways".

Other appointments
Chapman was the State Government appointee to the board of the Cellulose Company at Snuggery, between Tantanoola and  Millicent. He relinquished that position when appointed Commissioner.

Family
Chapman was engaged to Florence Muriel Day, but she married footballer Charlie Perry. He married May Warren "Maysie" Knox (c. 1899 –  11 November 1947) in 1923. Their children included:
Maysie Hall Chapman (born 1924) married Dean Simes of Barmera on 26 July 1947
Robert Charles Chapman (born 1928)
They had a home on West terrace, Kensington Gardens.

References 

1890 births
1953 deaths
Australian civil engineers
Railway commissioners of South Australia
1,9-Nonanediol. 1,9-Nonanediol, also known as nonamethylene glycol, is a diol with the molecular formula HO(CH)OH. It is a colorless solid, which is sparingly soluble in water but readily soluble in ethanol.

1,9-nonanediol can be produced by isomerization of allyl alcohol. It can also be obtained by reacting methyl oleate with triethylsilyl hydrotrioxide and lithium aluminum hydride.

1,9-Nonanediol is used  as a monomer in the synthesis of some polymers. It is also used as an intermediate in the manufacturing of aromatic chemicals and in the pharmaceutical industry.

See also
Ethylene glycol
1,2-Octanediol

References

Monomers
Alkanediols
Joint Fire Support Missile. The Joint Fire Support Missile (JFS-M) is a low cost ground launched cruise missile with a range of up to 499 km. European missile manufacturer MBDA designed this missile to be launched from the M270 MLRS launcher. It was first unveiled at the ILA 2022 show in Berlin. The JFS-M is based around the design of MBDA's RC100 small remote carrier, which the company is developing as part of the French, Germany and Spanish Future Combat Air System project.

References

Cruise missiles
Cruise missiles of Germany
MBDA
Chiara Bisagni. Chiara Bisagni is an Italian aerospace engineer whose research involves the experimental analysis and simulation of buckling and other mechanical properties of composite materials used in aerospace applications. She is a professor in the Department of Aerospace Science and Technology at the Polytechnic University of Milan.

Education and career
Bisagni was a student at the Polytechnic University of Milan, where she earned a laurea in aeronautical engineering and a Ph.D. in aerospace engineering.

She worked as an assistant and associate professor at the Polytechnic University of Milan from 1999 to 2012, including a 2006–2007 visiting position as a Fulbright Scholar at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She moved in 2012 to the University of California, San Diego, as a professor of structural engineering, while continuing to hold a position on leave from Milan. After moving again in 2015 to the Delft University of Technology Faculty of Aerospace Engineering, she returned to the Polytechnic University of Milan and her present position there in 2023, also continuing as a guest professor at Delft.

Recognition
Bisagni was the 2001 recipient of the Arnaldo Rancati Award of the Istituto Lombardo Accademia di Scienze e Lettere. She was named a Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics in 2021. She became a knight in the Order of the Star of Italy in 2022.

References

External links
Chiara Bisagni Group in Aerospace Structures

Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
Italian aerospace engineers
Italian women engineers
Women aerospace engineers
Polytechnic University of Milan alumni
University of California, San Diego faculty
Academic staff of the Delft University of Technology
Academic staff of the Polytechnic University of Milan
Fellows of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Recipients of Italian civil awards and decorations
J. A. Fargher. John Adrian Fargher C.M.G., M.C.E, M.I.E., (13 January 1901 – 1977) invariably referred to as J. A. Fargher, was Commissioner for Railways in South Australia from 1953 to 1966.

History
Fargher was born in North Carlton, Victoria to engineer Philip Fargher and Matilda Maud Fargher, née Blacker, who married in Melbourne on 28 February 1894.
He was educated at the Fairfield school, winning scholarships to Melbourne High School and the University of Melbourne, where he studied Civil Engineering, gaining his Bachelor degree in 1924 and Masters in 1926. In May 1923 he joined the Victorian Railways, and in November transferred to South Australia, where W. A. Webb had just been appointed Chief Commissioner of Railways and was intent on modernizing that state's network. He worked with R. H. Chapman on the new railway bridge at Murray Bridge.

During World War II he was appointed Honorary Lieutenant Colonel, Engineer & Railway Staff Corps (South Australia).

He was appointed acting Commissioner with the death of R. H. Chapman on 10 May 1953, and appointed to the position on 23 October 1953.

He was largely responsible for the conversion of South Australia's locomotive fleet from steam to diesel and diesel-electric.

Other activities
Fargher was involved with R. J. Bridgland in designing the University foot bridge (1937) over the River Torrens and the Birkenhead Bridge (1940) over the Port River.

After designing several air raid shelters in Adelaide during WWII, Fargher was appointed Controller of Air Raid Shelters under the State Emergency Civil Defence Council, directly responsible to Colonel Veale, chairman of the Air Raid Precautions Committee.

Family
Fargher married Elsie Pearl French in Melbourne on 27 February 1926. In 1962 they had a home at 8 Cambridge Terrace, Brighton. They had two daughters and a son, including:
Kathleen Fargher (17 November 1926 – )

Fargher died in hospital and his remains cremated. His wife, son and one daughter outlived him.

Notes

References 

1901 births
1977 deaths
Railway commissioners of South Australia
Australian civil engineers
Australian Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George
Sankar Basu. Sankar Basu is an American electrical engineer and a permanent program director at the National Science Foundation, where he manages programs in electronic design automation, micro and nano-electronic system, cyber-physical systems, as well as neuromorphic engineering.

Basu was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers in 2002 "for contributions to theory and application of multidimensional circuits, systems, and signal processing." He was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 2009. In 2011, Semiconductor Research Corporation recognized Basu with an award for enhancing its mission through collaboration.

References 

Living people
Fellows of the IEEE
Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science
Year of birth missing (living people)
Place of birth missing (living people)
Electronic design automation people
United States National Science Foundation officials