omniomni/omni-engineering huggingface dataset:
Yoav Shechtman. Prof. Yoav Shechtman (; born March 17, 1980) is an Israeli physicist and engineer. He heads the Nano-Bio-Optics lab at the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology.

Early life and education
Yoav Shechtman was born on March 17, 1980, to Zipora and Dan Shechtman and spent his childhood growing up in Haifa.

Shechtman holds a BSc in Physics and Electrical Engineering (2007) and a PhD in physics (2013) from the Technion. He later completed a postdoc at Stanford University (2016), developing super-resolution microscopy methods with W.E. Moerner.

Academic career
Since October 2016, Shechtman is a faculty member in the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology where he currently heads the Nano-Bio-Optics lab.

In 2018, Shechtman and his team at the Technion developed an efficient method for bio imaging in super resolution.

In 2021, Shechtman, in collaboration with Reut Orange-Kedem, developed a cheap and more efficient method for the production of more precise optical components.

In September 2023 – 2024, Shechtman was a Harrington Faculty Fellow at The University of Texas at Austin.

Awards
 2016 Technion Career Advancement Chair
 2017 Zuckerman Faculty Scholar
 2018 Early Career Award of the International Association for Medical and Biological Engineering (IAMBE)
 2018 European Research Council starting grant
 2019 Uzi and Michal Halevy Award for Innovative Applied Engineering
 2020 IUPAB Young Investigator Medal and Prize
 2021 Krill Prize
 2024 European Research Council Proof of Concept (ERC PoC) grants .2

Published works

See also
Dan Shechtman
Science and technology in Israel

References

External links

Nano-bio-optics lab – Yoav Shechtman

Living people
1980 births
Israeli physicists
Jewish physicists
Technion – Israel Institute of Technology alumni
Academic staff of Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
Stanford University alumni
Scientists from Haifa
Israeli scientists
University of Texas faculty
Multilayered packaging. Multi-layered packaging are multilayer or composite materials using innovative technologies aimed to give barrier properties, strength and storage stability to food items, new materials as well as hazardous materials.

Multiple layers are formed by coextrusion, lamination
, or various coating technologies.  The material of construction of multilayered packaging ranges from paper to plastics to metals. Most multilayered packages are not readily recyclable. Basf company and Uflex recently developed multilayered food packaging from 100% recyclable materials.

History of multilayered packaging dates back to the late 1950s when Procter & Gamble first designed multilayered collapsible tubes for toothpastes. 
Amine group containing products deforms HDPE on storage, and are incapable of arresting amine odours. Multilayered CO-EX bottles are the best packaging solution for such products.

Types

Multiwall paper sacks 
These are made of multiple layers of extensible kraft paper of differing grammages. These are gaining popularity in the cement industry, drug and fertilizer industry where the inner or outer layer of the sacks are made of polyethylene to protect the product from moisture.

Laminated-cartons and plastic bottles 
These find use in paint industry, tetra packs containing milk, fruit juice, syrups and pharmaceutical industry. The typical combinations are as follows:

Paper/foil/LDPE
Aluminium foil/paper/LDPE
PE/aluminium foil/paper
PET/aluminium foil/LDPE

Apart from these nylon, EVOH, EAA, PA, EVA, SiO2 plasma coatings are also used in laminates to give various functional properties. The layer combinations are selected by the engineer depending on the product characteristic, shelf life and extent of vapour transmission rate. Precooked food are packed in PS/EVOH/PE bags with PVE/PDVC/PE closures.

Coextrusion
Coextrusion is the plastic extrusion of multiple layers of material simultaneously. Such products are popularly known as CO-EX.

References 

Packaging
Food packaging
Packaging materials
Packaging industry
Retail packaging
Gordana Dukovic. Gordana Dukovic is a physical chemist. She is currently a professor in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Colorado Boulder.

Life and education 
Gordana Dukovic earned her B.A. at Rutgers University in 2001, majoring in chemistry and minoring in Italian. In her PhD studies, she did research at Columbia University on the spectroscopy of carbon nanotubes with Louis Brus as her advisor. She was awarded a PhD in chemistry with distinction in 2006 for her thesis entitled "Electronic spectra of carbon nanotubes: excitonic states, chemical doping, and chiral interactions." After her PhD, Dukovic did her postdoctoral research on nanoscience and photochemistry with Paul Alivisatos at the University of California, Berkeley.

In 2009, Dukovic became faculty as an assistant professor of chemistry in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Colorado Boulder, where her research group uses nanoscale synthesis and ultrafast spectroscopy to study fundamental problems in nanoscience and how they impact the application of nanoscale materials to solar energy harvesting. In 2016 she was granted tenure to become an associate professor of chemistry.

Her research has been cited over 5900 times.

Honors and awards 
Gordana Dukovic has received the following awards:

 2017 Faculty Fellow, Research and Innovation Office, University of Colorado Boulder
 2016 Fellow, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute
 2016 Visiting Professor, Claude Bernard University, Lyon, France
 2015 Provost's Faculty Achievement Award, University of Colorado Boulder
 2014 Sloan Research Fellow
 2013 Beckman Young Investigator
 2013 Cottrell Scholar
 2012 NSF CAREER Award
 2012 Scialog Collaborative Innovation Award (with Sean Elliott, Boston University)
 2012 Fellow, Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado Boulder
 2011 ACS PRF Doctoral New Investigator Award
 2010 Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute (RASEI) Affiliate
 2006 Hammet Award, for excellence in studies and research toward the PhD, Columbia University
 2003 Jack Miller Award, for excellence in teaching, Columbia University
 2002 Edith and Eugene Blout Scholarship, Columbia University

References

External links 
 

Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
Columbia University people
Rutgers University alumni
University of Colorado Boulder faculty
American women scientists
21st-century American women
Ring and Ball Apparatus. Ring and Ball Apparatus is used to determine the softening point of bitumen, waxes, LDPE, HDPE/PP blend granules, rosin and solid hydrocarbon resins. The apparatus was first designed in the 1910s while ASTM adopted a test method in 1916. This instrument is ideally used for materials having softening point in the range of 30 °C to 157 °C.

Components 

 Two brass rings.
 Two steel balls.
 Two ball guides to hold the balls in position.
 A Support to hold the rings, balls and thermometer in position
 A Glass beaker
 Thermometer
 Hot plate
 Magnetic stirrer
 Glycerol or water as heating bath

Procedure 
The solid sample is taken in a Petri dish and melted by heating it on a standard hot plate. The bubble free liquefied sample is poured from the Petri dish and cast into the ring. The brass shouldered rings in this apparatus have 6.4 mm depth. The cast sample in the ring is kept undisturbed for one hour to solidify. Excess material is removed with a hot knife. The ring is set with the ball on top with ball guides on the grooved plate within the heating bath. As the temperature rises, the balls begin to sink through the rings carrying a portion of the softened sample with it. The temperature at which the steel balls touch the bottom plate determines the softening point in degrees Celsius.

References 

Temperature
Polymer chemistry
SEA-ME-WE 6. South East Asia–Middle East–Western Europe 6 (SEA-ME-WE 6) is an in-progress optical fibre submarine communications cable system that would carry telecommunications between Southeast Asia, the Middle East, and Western Europe. Construction began in February 2022. The expected cable length is 19,200 km and it has a design capacity of 126 Tbit/s (12.6 Tbit/s per fiber pair), using SDM technology.

Bangladesh, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, Sri Lanka, India, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Oman, the UAE, Djibouti, Egypt, Turkey, Italy, France, Myanmar and Yemen are members of the SEA-ME-WE-6 Consortium.

In May 2023, it was reported the U.S. government had objected to Chinese participation in the cable due to security concerns, and construction was moved from Huawei Marine Networks to a U.S. consortium, SubCom. Due to rising geopolitical tensions between China and the US, two Chinese operators, namely China Telecom and China Mobile withdrew from the consortium. They are planning a rival cable with China Unicom.

, the cable has been installed at landing points in France, Maldives and Sri Lanka, with more landings to be completed prior to the expected initiation of service in Q1 2026.

Landing points and operators

Al Khaleej Branch 
Al Khaleej is a branch of the upcoming SEA-ME-WE 6 cable connecting the UAE to Bahrain, Oman and Qatar. Jointly operated by Batelco and Etisalat by e&, it will be 1,400 km long and ready for service in Q2 2026.

References

External links
 Leveraging Submarine Cables for Political Gain: U.S. Responses to Chinese Strategy by Lane Burdette, May 5, 2021

Submarine communications cables in the Indian Ocean
Submarine communications cables in the Arabian Sea
Submarine communications cables in the Mediterranean Sea
Submarine communications cables in the Red Sea
Telecommunications in India
MEV Automobiles. MEV Automobiles Ltd is a British car company developing proposals for an all-electric city car.

Products
MEV announced the BeeAnywhere in March 2020. It is a two-seat two-door small hatchback with graphene-based body panels.

Pre-production prototypes are being built in collaboration with the National Centre for Motorsport Engineering at the University of Bolton and the University of Manchester’s Graphene Engineering Innovation Centre. The BeeAnywhere is planned to cost £10,000.

Company
MEV was founded by Tim Harper, a former European Space Agency engineer, and Dr Tony Keating from Keating Supercars. MEV stands for Manchester Electric Vehicles, and is based in Bolton.

References

External links

Electric city cars
Electric concept cars
Green Roof Innovation Testing Laboratory. The Green Roof Innovation Testing Lab ("GRIT Lab") is a University of Toronto research facility at the John H. Daniels Faculty for Architecture, Landscape and Design. The only facility of its kind in Canada, the GRIT Lab tests and researches the environmental performance of green roofs, green walls, and solar photovoltaic technologies in Canada to help mitigate climate change.

The GRIT Lab is run by a team of landscape architects, civil engineers, building scientists, and biologists from the UofT Daniels Faculty, including Director Liat Margolis as well as professors Robert Wright, Dr. Ted Kesik, Dr. Brent Sleep and Jennifer Drake.

Related industry partners such as Tremco, Bioroof Systems, and Sky Solar, as well as government agencies including the City of Toronto, and other academic institutions are also involved in the project.

History 
The GRIT Lab was established in 2010 on the roof of the Daniels Faculty at 230 College Street in Toronto by the Daniels Faculty's Centre for Landscape Research. The opening of the lab came after the City of Toronto introduced a by-law in May 2009 that required all new developments in the city larger than 2,000 square meters to incorporate a certain percentage of green roof space.

Operations began in 2011 to monitor the performance of the city's recommendations. This is done by testing the effectiveness of various green roofs, green walls, and solar photovoltaic technologies in the Toronto climate. The experiments aim to reveal the optimal construction of green roofs and how to maximize environmental performance.

In addition to testing, the lab also offers private educational seminars to related organizations and those interested in green-thinking.

To date, the GRIT Lab consists of 48 boxed plant testing beds, a variety of green walls, and its own weather station. Data is regularly collected on soil moisture, flow rates, temperature, rainfall, humidity, solar, and wind to determine which combinations can produce the greatest cooling and stormwater benefit.

In 2013, a website was established to share the results of the lab's research with the public.

In 2017, the lab moved from College Street to the fifth floor roof of the Daniels Faculty's new home at 1 Spadina Crescent. The new lab at 1 Spadina focuses on both testing the absorptive qualities of green roofs, as well as the effectiveness of cisterns or holding tanks at keeping rainwater out of storm sewers and the ground.

Awards 
In 2013 the GRIT Lab received an Award of Excellence from the American Society of Landscape Architects.

References

External links 
 http://grit.daniels.utoronto.ca/

Laboratories in Canada
University of Toronto
MASTER. MASTER (Mobile Astronomical System of Telescope-Robots) is a International network of Russian fully robotic telescopes in five Russian sites, and in South Africa, Argentina,Mexica  and the Canary Islands.

It is intended to react quickly to reports of transient astronomical events. It started its development in 2002 and it is in fully autonomous operations since 2011.

On 17 August 2017, an autonomous MASTER telescope in Argentina successfully recorded a collision of neutron stars some 130 million light-years away.

Types of observed objects
Master is designed to search for optical transients and successfully discovers them. These include:
 GRB
 Supernovae
 Kilonova
 Novae
 Asteroids, including potentially dangerous ones
 Сataclysmic variables
 Optical orphan flares
 Comets

Main discoveries
 Independent discovery of kilonova on August 17, 2017
 Detection of optical polarization of gamma-ray bursts' prompt radiation
 Observation of the brightest gamma-ray burst in history*

Comets
Comet MASTER may refer to any of the five comets discovered by the survey:
 C/2015 G2 (MASTER)
 C/2015 K1 (MASTER)
 C/2016 N4 (MASTER)
 C/2020 F5 (MASTER)
 C/2021 K2 (MASTER)

See also
 List of astronomical observatories
 List of astronomical societies
 Lists of telescopes

Notes

External links
 Official website

Astronomical observatories in Russia
Astronomical observatories in South Africa
Astronomical observatories in Argentina
Astronomical observatories in the Canary Islands
HMS Aire. HMS Aire, later renamed Tamar, was a  of the Royal Navy (RN). Aire was built to the RN's specifications as a Group II River-class frigate. She served in the North Atlantic during World War II.

As a River-class frigate, Aire was one of 151 frigates launched between 1941 and 1944 for use as anti-submarine convoy escorts, named after rivers in the United Kingdom. The ships were designed by naval engineer William Reed, of Smith's Dock Company of South Bank-on-Tees, to have the endurance and anti-submarine capabilities of the  sloops, while being quick and cheap to build in civil dockyards using the machinery (e.g. reciprocating steam engines instead of turbines) and construction techniques pioneered in the building of the s. Its purpose was to improve on the convoy escort classes in service with the Royal Navy at the time, including the Flower class.

After commissioning in July 1943, Aire took part in  convoy missions in the Atlantic Ocean. She served in this role for two years, until 1945, when she was involved in several anti-submarine (A/S) exercises off Tobermory, Scotland. In March 1946 she was renamed Tamar while acting as the base ship at Hong Kong. In November 1946, her name reverted to Aire and she was listed to be paid off in Singapore. On 20 December 1946, as Aire was sailing from Hong Kong to Singapore, she encountered a typhoon. The ship grounded upon Bombay Reef in the East China Sea and became a total loss. All 85 crew on board were rescued by the depot ship, .

References

1943 ships
River-class frigates of the Royal Navy
World War II frigates of the United Kingdom
Maritime incidents in 1946
Ships sunk with no fatalities
National Space Centre (Moscow). The National Space Centre in Moscow (Russian: Национальный космический центр) is a large office and manufacturing complex currently under construction adjacent to the Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center.

The Space Centre is a joint initiative between the Director of Roscosmos, and the Mayor of Moscow, to unite the various entities of the space industry of Russia under one roof.

It is scheduled to open in 2025 and will house the headquarters of Roscosmos, Moscow Mission Control, and the offices of additional 18 space companies.

Characteristics 
The National Space Center is designed to bring together, under one roof, 18 of 30 Moscow's design bureaus and plants of the space industry: a total of about 12,000 new employees (thus, together with 8,000 employees of the Khrunichev Center, which will house 20,000 employees). The center will be part of the special economic zone known as the Technopolis "Moscow" which combines industrial and technological parks in the capital of Russia. Apart from the Roscosmos corporation which will place its main offices in the complex, space companies like ORKK, TsENKI, Glavkosmos and other space corporations will also be transferred here.

Roscosmos offices will be located in a glass tower, with a total area of 250,000 square meters, which will be 200 meters in height, in a triangular rights tower with horizontal structures attached to it.

Purpose 
The concentration of factories and industries in the aerospace industry is intended to create a synergistic effect from the increase in their interaction and collaboration, to create a qualitatively new environment and to reduce the economic costs of the split enterprises.

History 
The idea of creating the National Space Center was proposed in 2018 by Roscosmos Director Dmitry Rogozin; Russian President Vladimir Putin announced this plan in February 2019, while the idea of putting the center on the territory of the Khrunichev Center was suggested by the Mayor of Moscow, Sergei Sobyanin.

The construction of the National Space Center is carried out by the construction and engineering holding company "Mosinzhproekt". The Construction began in 2019, and is scheduled for completion in 2024; by 2025, the various industrial organizations will move to the new complex.

Gallery

References

External links 
 Putin orders government to create National Space Center in Moscow

Roscosmos
Aerospace museums in Russia
Science museums in Russia
2019 establishments in Russia
Buildings and structures in Moscow
Space program of Russia
Coordinates not on Wikidata
HMS Avon (K97). HMS Avon, later renamed NRP Nuno Tristão, was a  of the Royal Navy (RN). Avon was built to the RN's specifications as a Group II River-class frigate. She served in the North Atlantic during World War II.

As a River-class frigate, Avon was one of 151 frigates launched between 1941 and 1944 for use as anti-submarine convoy escorts, named after rivers in the United Kingdom. The ships were designed by naval engineer William Reed, of Smith's Dock Company of South Bank-on-Tees, to have the endurance and anti-submarine capabilities of the  sloops, while being quick and cheap to build in civil dockyards using the machinery (e.g. reciprocating steam engines instead of turbines) and construction techniques pioneered in the building of the s. Its purpose was to improve on the convoy escort classes in service with the Royal Navy at the time, including the Flower class.

After her commission, Avon was deployed in the Indian Ocean, where she rescued the survivors of the sunken Norwegian freighter Tarifa. In 1945, she took part in the Battle of Okinawa, where she came under air attack. Postwar, Avon was paid off and placed in the Reserve Fleet, where she stayed until 1949. That year, she was sold to Portugal and renamed NRP Nuno Tristão.

The Nuno Tristão was used in several notable events, such as carrying Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia on a state visit from Bayonne to Portugal in July 1959 and supporting fuzileiros in Africa. In 1970, after 21 years of service in the Portuguese Navy, the ship was delisted; it was scrapped in Lisbon two years later.

Notes

Citations

References
 
 

1943 ships
River-class frigates of the Royal Navy
World War II frigates of the United Kingdom
Transposed Paternò−Büchi reaction. The transposed Paternò−Büchi reaction involves a ππ* excited state of alkene reacting with a ground state carbonyl functionality. This is reversal of the traditional Paternò−Büchi reaction where an excited carbonyl group reacts with a ground state alkene. This strategy was first reported by Sivaguru and co-workers with reaction of enamides.

References

Organic reactions
Aza Paternò−Büchi reaction. Aza Paternò−Büchi reaction involves an ππ* excited state of alkene reacting with a ground state imine. This strategy was developed by the laboratory Sivaguru and co-workers to overcome the shortcomings involving direct excitation of imines. Traditionally addition of excited imines to carbon-carbon double bonds involves making the imines as part of a carbocycle.

References

Organic reactions
Hendrik W. Bode Lecture Prize. The Hendrik W. Bode Lecture Prize is an award given by the IEEE Control Systems Society (CSS) to recognize distinguished contributions to control systems science or engineering. It was established in 1989, named after Hendrik W. Bode (1905–1982), a pioneer of modern control theory and system engineering, who revolutionized both the content and methodology of his chosen fields of research during his long career at Bell Labs and Harvard University. 

The recipient of the award gives a plenary lecture at the annual IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC). The inaugural Bode Prize Lecture was delivered by Gunter Stein at the 28th IEEE CDC in Tampa, Florida, on December 15, 1989.

Recipients

 1989: Gunter Stein
 1990: David Luenberger
 1991: Petar V. Kokotovic
 1992: Brian D.O. Anderson
 1993: Michael Athans
 1994: Gene F. Franklin
 1995: Kumpati S. Narendra
 1996: Jurgen Ackermann
 1997: Edward J. Davison
 1998: J. Boyd Pearson
 1999: Graham C. Goodwin
 2000: Mathukumalli Vidyasagar
 2001: Alberto Isidori
 2002: Eduardo D. Sontag
 2003: Lennart Ljung
 2004: Tamer Başar
 2005: Pravin Varaiya
 2006: Arthur J. Krener
 2007: P. S. Krishnaprasad
 2008: Christopher Byrnes
 2009: Peter E. Caines
 2010: Manfred Morari
 2011: John Baillieul
 2012: Jessy W. Grizzle
 2013: B. Ross Barmish
 2014: Bruce Francis
 2015: Hassan Khalil
 2016: Richard M. Murray
 2017: Naomi Ehrich Leonard
 2018: Mark W. Spong
 2019: 
 2020: Kristin Y. Pettersen
 2021: Pramod Khargonekar
 2022: David J. Hill
 2023: Miroslav Krstic

See also

 List of people in systems and control
 List of engineering awards
 IEEE Control Systems Award
 Giorgio Quazza Medal
 Richard E. Bellman Control Heritage Award
 Rufus Oldenburger Medal

References

Systems sciences awards
IEEE society and council awards
Science lecture series
Recurring events established in 1989