Umchazazilo

Umchazazilo noma Umchazazilwane isifundo senzululwazi sokucwaninga Izilwane. Siphinde sicwaninge nomhlakahlo, umchazambungu, Umjinjo, imikhuba, nokusabalala kwezilwane, kokubili ezishabalele nezikhona nendlela ezazinanana ngayo noxhakamvelo. Umchazazilo uyigatsha eliyinhloko lomchazampilo. Elithi umchazazilo liyinhlanganisela yamabizo amabili, umchaza + izilo.
Nakuba abantu babehlezi benentshisekelo yomlando ongokwemvelo wezilwane ababezibona zibazungezile, futhi basebenzisa lolo lwazi ukuze bafuye ezinye zazo, ukucwaningwa kwazo kwachazwa ngokubanzi nguAristolile, owathi nazo ziyiziphili futhi wahlola uhlaka lwazo nokukhula kwazo nalapho zihlala khona nokusebenza kwamalunga azo. Umchazazilo wanamuhla kuthiwa waqala ngoCarl Linnaeus, u-Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, noRobert Hooke, uCharles Darwin, uGregor Mendel kanye nabanye abaningi.

Ukucwaningwa kwezilwane okuhlozinga kakhulu ukwakheka kwazo nensebenzo yazo, izindawo ezihlala kuzo, ubuhlobo bazo nezinye izilwane, kanye nokucondoza kwazo. Umchazazilo uyaqhubeka nokuhlukaniswa ngokoqeqesho oluhlanganisa Ingqwangqwa, umchazamzimba, nezomchazaziqa. Ngemva kokuvubukulwa kohlaka loLibofuzo nguFrancis Crick noJames Watson benoRosalind Franklin ngowe-1953, kwavuleka umkhakha womchazampilo wemizwayi, nokwahelela kumchazampilo wamangqamuzana, nezezifuzisi zomzwayi.