Kwela

I- Kwela Umculo wasemgwaqeni osulwe ku-pennywhistle waseNingizimu Africa1. Brubeck, Darius (2003). Kwela, Allen. Oxford Music Online. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.j617700 (https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781 561592630.article.j617700).  onamaphinifa e-jazzy kanye nesigqi esihlukile, esifana ne-skiffle. Yavela e,sindweni wemarabi futhi yaletha umculo waseNingizimu Afrika ukugqama emhlabeni wonke ngeminyaka yawo-1950

Umculo unezinpande zawo eningzimu ye-Afrika kodwa kamuza ukuzivumelanisa nalokhu kanye nezinye i-idioms eziningi zesintu zase-Afrika baye bagcwala umculo waseNtshonalanga (lalela ama-albhamu a-A Swingin 'Safari yi-Bert Kaempfert Orchestra(1962) noGraceland nguPaul Simon (1986), ukunikeza umculo wanamuhla waseNingizimu Afrika, ikakhulukazi i-jazz, okuningi yomsindo wayo ohlukile kanye ne-lilting swagger. I-Piranha's 1982 UK Top Ten hit 'Tom Hark' yayisekelwe ingoma yangaphambilini kaKwela ka-1950.

Esinye isizathu sokusetshenziswa kwe-pennywhistle ukuthi ishibhile futhi iyaphatheka, kodwa futhi iboleka njenge-solo noma insimbi ye-ensemble. Ukuthandwa kwe- pennywhistlekungenzeka ukuthi kwakusekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi ama-flutes we izinhlobo ezahlukene sekuyisikhathi eside izinsimbi zendabuko phakathi kwabantu bezingxenye ezisenyakatho kakhulu ze INingizimu Afrika, kanye ne-pennywhistle ngaleyo ndlela yenza ukuguqulwa okusheshayo kwezingoma zesintu zibe umculo omusha othonywe yi-marabi

 Umsuka 
Incazelo ejwayelekile yegama elithi "khwela" ukuthi lithathwa esiZulu elithi "Climb", noma kunjalo elokishini slang iphinde yabhekisela kumaveni amaphoyisa, i"khwela-khwela". Ngakho, kungaba isimemo sokuba joyina umdanso, kanye nokukhonza njengesixwayiso. Kuthiwa izinsizwa ezazidlala isentiwhistle emakhoneni emigwaqo nayo yasebenza njengokubheka ukuxwayisa labo abazijabulisa ku-shebeens yokufika kwe amaphoyisa2. "South African music: kwela" (https://web.archive.org/web/20111020132524/http://www.sout hafrica.info/about/arts/922564.htm). Archived from the original (http://www.southafrica.info/ab out/arts/922564.htm) on 2011-10-20. Retrieved 2009-12-19. . Abantu abamhlophe, bengazi ngencazelo yayo, bese becabanga ukuthi ubhekise emculweni uma bebezwa abantu bememeza bethi "Lapha kuza kwela, kwela!" bexwayisa ngokuba khona kwamaphoyisa. Umculo weKwela wathonywa ukuhlanganisa umculo wabafuduki baseMalawi eNingizimu Afrika, kanye imisindo yendawo yaseNingizimu Afrika. eChichewa, igama elithi Khwela linencazelo efanayo kakhulu neNingizimu Incazelo yase-Afrika: "ukukhuphuka". Umculo wathandwa eNingizimu Afrika wabe eselethwa eMalawi, lapho abaculi baseMalawi besikhathi samanje nabo sebeqalile ukukhiqiza umculo kaKhwela3. O'Hara, Glynis (7 November 1997). "Tom Hark's back … again" (https://mg.co.za/article/1997 -11-07-tom-harks-back-again/). Mail & Guardian. .

Umculo we-Kwela wathonywa ukuhlanganisa umculo wabokufika baseMalawi eNingizimu Afrika, kanye nemisindo yaseNingizimu Afrika. Nikki Jecks, "Reviving Malawi's music heritage", BBC World Service, 6 August 2009. NgesiChewa, igama elithi Khwela linencazelo efanayo kakhulu nencazelo yaseNingizimu Afrika: "ukukhuphuka". Lo mculo waduma eNingizimu Afrika wabe usulethwa eMalawi, lapho abaculi besimanje baseMalawi nabo sebeqalile ukukhiqiza umculo weKhwela. 
link=//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/I-IV-I64-V.png/220px-I-IV-I64-V.png|thumb|I-IV-I  -V.  
Nakuba kuye kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi umculo kaKhwela usebenzisa kuphela inqubekela phambili ye-chord I-IV-I -V.,5. Manuel, Peter (1990). Popular Musics of the Non-Western World: An Introductory Survey, p.11. ISBN 978-0-19-506334-9.  abanye bagcina ngokuthi ayikho inqubekela phambili eqondile ye-Khwela chord, nokuthi i-I-IV-V-I ne-I-IV-V yi ikakhulukazi ukusabalala.6. Allen, Lara (1999). "Kwela: the Structure and Sound of Pennywhistle Music", p.229. ISBN 1- 85928-143-5.

 Abaculi 
Abaculi abafana noLemmy Mabaso babedume ngabaculi babo amakhono pennywhistle, futhi uSpokes Mashiyane wayengomunye kakhulu evelele ngezingoma zakhe ze-kwela pennywhistle2. "South African music: kwela" (https://web.archive.org/web/20111020132524/http://www.sout hafrica.info/about/arts/922564.htm). Archived from the original (http://www.southafrica.info/ab out/arts/922564.htm) on 2011-10-20. Retrieved 2009-12-19. . Abanye abaculi zihlanganisa The Skylarks, Jack Lerole, Aaron Lerole, The Solven Whistlers, Kippie Moeketsi, Donald Kachamba noGwigwi Mrwebe.

 Izinkomba 

 Ukufunda okwengeziwe 

 U-Pennywhistle Kwela: Ukuhlaziywa Komculo, Umlando kanye Nezomphakathi . Lara V. Allen, MA (Natal-Durban). 1993.
 Elokishini Tonight! Umculo Wedolobha Elimnyama Nethiyetha yaseNingizimu Afrika . Uhlelo lwesi-2. David B. Coplan, The University of Chicago Press. 2008. I-ISBN 0-226-11567-4 . pp. 190–99.

 Izixhumanisi zangaphandle 

 Kwela at Last.fm
 The Kwela Project - website about playing kwela