Ucwaningo

Ucwaningo luchazwa ngokuthi "umsebenzi wobuchule nohleliwe owenziwa ukukhulisa inqolobane yolwazi". Luhlanganisa ukuqoqwa okungachemile, ukuhlelwa nokuhlaziywa kokwaziswa ukukhulisa ukuqonda kwesihloko noma udaba. Umsebenzi wocwaningo ungaba ukwandiswa komsebenzi wakudala kulowomkhakha. Ukuze lukwazi ukuvivinya ubuqiniso bezinsiza, izinkambiso, noma umgcanso, ucwaningo lunganyaliza (replicate) izici zemiklamo (projects) yangaphambili noma umklamo usiwonke.

Izinjongo eziyinhloko zocwaningo oluyisiseko (olungafani nocwaningo olusetshenziswayo) ukubhalwa kwemibhalo, ukuvubukulwa, ukuhlakahlwa, kanye nocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwezindlelasu nezimiso zentuthukiso yolwazi lomuntu. Izindlela zokucwaninga zincike kwimichazalwazi, ehlukayo kokubili ngaphakathi nasenqekeni yezabantu nezenzululwazi. Kukhona izinhlobo zocwaningo eziningana: lwenzululwazi, lwezabantu, lwezobuciko, lwezomnotho, lwezomphakathi, lwezezihwebi, lwezomdayiso, ucwaningo lwezochwepheshe, lwezempilo, njll. Isifundo senzululwazi socwaningo saziwa ngokuthi ucwaningo-ngqo.

 uMsuka 

Ibizo elithi ucwaningo livela esenzweni sokucwaninga, esisho 'ukucusumbula, ukuhlukanisa ngemininingwane,' lihlobene nelinye ibizo elithi 'ukuhlwaya', umuntu ocwaningayo kungashiwo kuthiwe uyahlwaya, okungukuthi ufuna into ethile ngokuphenya aze ayithole.

 Izincasiselo 
Ucwaningo luye lwachasiswa ngezindlela eziningi ezihlukene, nakuba zonke zinokufana okuthile, kubonakala ingekho incasiselo eyodwa ehlanganisa kwasani neyamukelwa yibo bonke abenza ucwaningo.

Ucwaningo ngamazwi alula kuwukuhlwaya iqiniso nokuhlwaya ulwazi. Ngomqondo osemthethweni, kuwukufundwa okuhleliwe kwenkinga ehlangatshezwa ngeqhingasu elikhethiwe okuleka ngokuqoma insondelo yokulungisa umklamo nokwenza okushoyo ngokuklama isihlawumbiselo socwaningo, ukukhetha izindlelasu nobunyoninco, ukukhetha noma ukuthuthukisa amathuluzi wokuqoqa imininingo, ukuhidanisa imininingo, ukuhlakahla nokupheza ngokwethula isixazululo saleyo nkinga.