Ukubusa komthetho

Ukubusa komthetho kuyinjulalwazi yezombusazwe ethi zonke izakhamuzi kanye nezikhungo zasezweni, embusweni, noma emphakathini zingaphansi kwemithetho efanayo, kuhlanganise nabashayimthetho nabaholi. Ukubusa komthetho encwadini ethi "Encyclopedia Britannica" kuchasiswa ngokuthi "izinyathelo, izinqubo, izikhungo, inkambiso, noma umkhuba osekela ukulingana kwazo zonke izakhamuzi emthethweni, futhi kuqinisekise uhlobo lukahulumeni ongachemile, futhi kuvikele ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngokuchemile. Leli bizo ukubusa komthetho lihlobene eduze nelithi ngokomthethosisekelo kanye nelithi Rechtsstaat futhi libhekisela esimweni sombusazwe, hhayi ezinqumweni zomthetho ezenziwayo.

Ukusetshenziswa kwalomushwana kwaqala ekhulwini le-16 eNgilandi. Ngekhulu elilandelayo, isazi senkolo uSamuel Rutherford wawusebenzisa ekuphikiseni ngokumelene nelungelo elingcwele lamakhosi. UJohn Locke wabhala ukuthi inkululeko emphakathini isho ukuthobela imithetho eyenzwe isishayamthetho kuphela nesebenza kubo bonke, kuyilaphi umuntu ekhululekile emigoqweni kahulumeni noma esisulu yenkululeko yakhe. "Ukubusa komthetho" kwagqanyiswa nakakhulu ekhulwini le-19 umahluleli ongungisi uA. V. Dicey. Kodwa, isimiselo sako, uma kungewoba umushwana, wawaziwa izingqandavu zasendulo. UAristotle wabhala: "Kufaneleka kakhulu ukuba unthetho ubuse kunanoma imuphi phakathi kwezakhamuzi: ngesimiselo esifanayo, uma kungumenzelelo ukubeka amandla amakhulu kubantu abakhethekile, kufanele bamiswe ukuba babe abanakekeli, nezikhonzi zemithetho."

Ukubusa komthetho kusho ukuthi wonke umuntu uthobela umthetho, kuhlanganisa nabashayimthetho, izikhulu eziphoqa umthetho, nabahluleli. Ngalomqondo, kuphambene nobushiqela noma umbuso wabambalwa, lapho ababusi bethathwa njengabanga phezu komthetho.