Amafutha

Amafutha ayizozonke iziqa zevanga ezisasihonyo ezakhiwa ngokuyinhloko imicalahwanzi (hydrocarbons) futhi eziluhlengemanzi (hydrophobic) nokubamathandinoni (lipophilic). Amafutha imvama ayagqamuka futhi anobuso obuqhebethayo. Iningi lamafutha angamanoni angamikithwanga (unsaturated lipids) awuketshezi ezingenilokushisa legumbi.

Incasiselo evamile yamafutha ihlanganisa izigaba zemixube yevanga okungenzeka ayihlobene ngokohlaka, izakhi, nokusetshenziswa. Amafutha kungaba awesilwane, isilimo, noma adabuke kwisiqa samafuthetshe, futhi angaba nobungozi noma angabi nobungozi. Asetshenziselwa ukwenza Ukudla '(isb., amafutha womnqumo), isivuthisi (e.g., amafutha wokuchadameza), izinjongo zokwelapha (e.g., amafutha wembiwa), ukugcoba (e.g. amafutha wesindiyisi), kanye nokukhanda Izinhlobo ezihlukene zombeco (paint), umnomfi (plastics), nezinye izithako. Amafutha elunguswa ngokukhethekile asetshenziswa kwimidanti jemicikilisho yezenkolo ethile njengezihlambululi.