Umthundohwe

Umthundohwe ungumXube okungewona owemvelo wenihwe nehwanzi onesicabayo NH3 .

Kungumkhiqizo obalulekile wezimboni. Cishe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-200 e-ammonia akhiqizwa minyaka yonke. Cishe ama-80% e-ammonia akhiqizwa emhlabeni wonke aguqulwa abe umanyolo wokwenziwa njenge-ammonium nitrate, i-ammonium phosphates, i-ammonium sulfate, i-urea kanye ne-calcium ammonium nitrate. Ama-20% asele asetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali kanye nemithi. I-Ammonia ibhekwa njengesithwali samandla esibalulekile ezinhlelweni zamandla zesikhathi esizayoRound Table discussion - ammonia as energy vector, https://bmbf-client.de/en/news/coalco2-x-round-table-discussion-ammonia-energy-vector . 

I-Ammonia ikhiqizwa kusetshenziswa inqubo ye-Haber-Bosch: ingxube yegesi ye-hydrogen ne-nitrogen isabela ku-450-520°C kanye nomfutho we-100-150 bar lapho kukhona i-catalyst yensimbi. Njengamanje, i-hydrogen edingekayo enqubweni ye-Haber-Bosch ikhiqizwa ngamafutha emvelo (igesi yemvelo noma amalahle), okuholela ekukhishweni kwe-CO2. I-ammonia evuselelekayo ingakhiqizwa uma i-hydrogen ikhiqizwa nge-electrolysis yamanzi kusetshenziswa ugesi ovuselelekayo (amandla elanga nawomoya). I-Afrika inamandla amahle okukhiqiza i-ammonia evuselelekayo futhi inciphise ukuncika ekungenisweni komanyoloConversion of CO2 from South African coal-fired power plants using green ammonia and hydrogen https://www.igb.fraunhofer.de/en/reference-projects/coalco2x.html; https://bmbf-client.de/en/news/coalco2-x-pioneering-renewable-ammonia-synthesis-south-africas-fertilizer-futureSkills development workshop for hydrogen and ammonia https://www.igb.fraunhofer.de/en/reference-projects/ptx-skills-development-in-tunisia.htmlGreen Ammonia – Production of green ammonia in Morocco https://www.igb.fraunhofer.de/en/reference-projects/green-ammonia.html; .