Umchaciso

Umchachiso uhlobo lokucabanga okuhluzekile okuphathelene nesimongotho, noma imiphumela yokucabanga kwalolo hlobo. Inqubo yokucabanga ngokuhluzekile nokuzindla ivame ukuyamaniswa nemidludlungu efana nokucunda ngamaqaphelo noma ucwaningo. Imichachiso kungaba eyenzululwazi, kube eyoqeqesho okungelona olwenzululwazi, noma kungaba eyoqeqesho noma iluphi olukhona. Ngokucakathene nomongo, amazwi omchaciso angahlanganisa, ngokwesibonelo, izincazelo ezivamile zendlela imvelo esebenza ngayo. Leli gama elithi 'umchaciso' lisuselwa esenzweni sokuchachisa, njengoba injongo yalolo hlobo lokucabanga iwukuchaza nokuhlakahla.

Kwinzululwazi yanamuhla, ibizo elithi "umchachiso" lisho imichachiso yenzululwazi, okunguhlobo lwencazelo eqinisekisiwe ngemvelo, echazwa ngendlela evumelana nendlelasu yenzululwazi, futhi efezekisa umgomo obekiwe wenzululwazi yanamuhla. Leyo michachiso ichaziswa ngendlela evumela izivivinyo zenzululwazi zikwazi ukuyifakazela noma ziyiphikise. Imichachiso yenzululwazi iwulwazi lwenzululwazi olwethenjwa kakhulu, olunembile nolubanzi, ngokuphambene nombono ofika engqondweni, othathwa njengomcabango ongahluziwe wavivinywa, (umbono ofana "nesihlawumbiselo). Imichachiso yenzululwazi ayifani nezihlawumbiselo, zona eziwukuqaziyela okumele kuvivinywe, futhi ayifani nemithetho yenzululwazi , yona ewukulanda okuchazisayo kwendlela imvelo econdoza ngayo ezimweni ezithile.

Imichachiso iyona eqondisa umbidlango wokufuna iziminya kunokufinyelela empokophelweni. Umchachiso ungaba indikimba yolwazi, okungenzeka uyamaniswe noma ungayamaniswa nezinongo ezichazayo. Ukuchachisa kuwukuthuthukisa leyo ndikimba yolwazi.

Igama elithi "ngokomchachiso" uma lisetshenziswa ngaphandle kwenzululwazi lisuke lisho into isikhulumi esingayigcwethanga noma sayivivinya ngaphambili.What is a Theory?. American Museum of Natural History. Kwinzululwazi, inkulumo enjalo ibizwa isiHlawumbiselo. Ngaphandle kwenzululwazi, ibizo elithi "umchachiso" livame ukulunganiswa nelithi 'inqubo' elisho ukwenza.David J Pfeiffer. Scientific Theory vs Law. Science Journal (on medium.com). 30 January 2017 Isibonelo esidala somehluko ophakathi kwebizo elithi "ngokomchachiso" (theoretical) kanye nelithi "ngokwenqubo" (practical) sivela oqeqeshweni lezokwelapha: umchachiso wokwelapha uhilela ukuzama ukuqonda isisusa kanye nesimo sempilonhle nesigulo, kuyilapho inqubo yokwelapha izama ukwenza abantu babe nempilonhle. Zombili lezinto zihlobene , kodwa zizimele, ngoba kuyinto engenzeka ukucwaninga ngempilonhle nesigulo ngaphandle kokwelapha iziguli, futhi  kuyinto engenzeka ukulapha iziguli ungenalwazi lokuthi iselapho sisebenza kanjani.

 uMsukagama 
Igama lesiZulu elithi "umchachiso" livela esenzweni "chachisa" esisho ukuchaza indaba uyenze icace noma ikhanye. Lihlobene namagama afana nelithi "ukuchaza, ukuchasisa" asho ukuhlakahla noma ukuqaqulula inkinga. Uma lisetshenziswa ukuhumusha elithi 'theory' lisho ukuchachisa ngokuhluzekile izimfahlakalo zemvelo. Ngakho umchachiso uyigama elifanelekayo elidlulisa umqondo ofanele wencazelo ngezinto zemvelo.

Leli gama liveza umqondo wencazelo yanamuhla yalokho, phecelezi okubizwa theory. Abanye besebenzisa elithi umbono lapho behumusha, kodwa umbono yinto wonke umuntu anayo ngenxa yokubona kwakhe indalo. Kodwa akuwona wonke umuntu onomchachiso ngendalo. Ngakho elithi umbono linciphisa ukwethembeka kwendlelasu yenzululwazi liyenze umbono nje. Ngokufanayo, abanye bahumusha ngelithi injulalwazi ngenxa yezincazelo ezihluzekile ezihlakahla isimongotho. Kodwa umnyombo we-theory ungukuchaza nokuhlakahla, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lujule kangakanani ulwazi olunikezwayo kolalele.

Ngokomthetho
Imichachiso iyizinsiza zokuhlaziya ngenjongo yokuqonda, ukuchaza, nokubikezela ngokuphathelene nodabasihloko oluthile.  Kukhona izinhlobonhlobo zemichachiso emikhakheni ehlukene efana nezobuciko nezenzululwazi. Imichachiso emikhakheni ehlukene yethulwa ngolimi lemvelo, Kodwa ivame ukuchaza ngendlela efana naleyo ukwethukwa ngayo umchachiso ngolimi lomchazazibalo.

Amaphatho