Umlelesa

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Umlelesa isakhi soqobo soTho esibangela uTho olulelesiwe ukuba lungcwethe isiphoqi lapho lubekwa ewongweni lenzubawonga. Umlelesa ungaba ophikayo noma ovumayo (imvama uthwalwa izinelesi nezintunge). Imilelesa efanayo iyadudulana futhi imilelesa engafani iyahuhana. Into engenawo umlelesa owanele ibizwa engachemile (neutral). Ulwazi lwangaphambilini lokuthi iziqa ezilelesiwe zinanana kanjani manje selubizwa ngokuthi ezomdikiwenzuba zakudala  (classical electrodynamics), futhi zisanembile ezinkingeni ezidinga ukucubungulwa zomthelela womngako (quantum effects).

Umlelesa wamazuba uyisakhi esilondoloziwe; umlelesa oyisamba wesimiso esigonqiwe, inani lomlelesa ovumayo ongenakushintsha,  osuswe enanini lomlelesa ophikayo. Umlelesa wamazuba uthwalwa izinhlayiyana zechwe. Othweni oluvamile, umlelesa ophikayo uthwalwa izinzuba, bese umlelesa ovumayo uthwalwe izinelesi endenini yeChwe. Uma kunezinzuba eziningi kunezinelezi ocezwini lotho, lolotho luzoba nomlelesa ophikayo, uma zimbalwa izinzuba, luzoba nomlelesa ovumayo, futhi uma izinzuba nezinelesi zilingana ngenani, utho luzoba olungachemile.