Abalwi Nkululeko Yezomnotho v Somlomo woMkhandlu Kazwelonke

Abalwi Nkululeko Yezomnotho v uSomlomo woMkhandlu Kazwelonke kanye nabanye; IDemocratic Alliance v LikaSomlomo weSigungu Sikazwelonke kanye Abanye [2016] ZACC 11  isahlulelo ezinkulu Inkantolo Yomthethosisekelo waseNingazimu Afika lapho ithola ukuthi uMongameli waseNingizimu Afrika Jacob Zuma engalandeli soMthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika ngokwehluleka ukusebenzisa izincomo uMvikeli woMphakathi ka- eNkandla bika. 

 Isendlalelo 
Ngo-2009, ngesikhathi sekhefu lokuqala likaMongameli uZuma, ikhaya lakhe laseNkandla lavuselelwa kakhulu futhi laba ngcono.   Ihhovisi likaMengameli lithe lezi zingqinamba ezenzelwe ukuvikeleka kwezokuphepha.  Nokho, maduze nje kwavela ukuthi ngcono ayenezici khungekho-ukuphepha njengomuntu yokubhukuda nezinkomo esibayeni . UMvikeli woMphakathi, uThuli Madonsela, waqala uphenyo ngokusetshenziswa kabi kwezinsizakusebenza zikahulumeni. Ngomhlaka 19 Mashi 2014, wakhipha umbiko wakhe owawubizwa ngeNkandla, owathola ukuthi ezinye zezinto ezazithuthukisiwe azikho emthethweni futhi watusa ukuthi uMengameli uZuma abuyisele imali ababeyisebenzisela yona.  

Lo mbiko ukhombise ukuphikisana kakhulu, njengoba uZuma nohulumeni wakhe we- ANC benqabile ukuwenza futhi bephikisana nokusebenza kwawo ngokusemthethweni.  Izikhathi ezintathu ngonyaka ka-2014, iHhovisi likaMongameli libhalele uMvikeli Womphakathi izincwadi libhala ngokungakholelwa kulo mbiko.  Ngo-14 Agasti 2014 uZuma uthe uzovumela iPhalamende, kanye noNgqongqoshe Wezamaphoyisa, ukuthi banqume ukuthi yiziphi izinyathelo zokulungisa, uma zikhona, okufanele bazithathe.  Ubuye wakuphika ukuthi izincomo zoMvikeli Womphakathi zibopha ngokusemthethweni.  Ukuxoshwa kukaZuma kuholele ekugxekeni okukhulu nokwandile, kufakwe namaqembu aphikisayo i- Abalweli benkululeko Yazomnotho . Amalungu ePhalamende le- EFF ahlala ephazamisa ukusebenza kwamalungu ePhalamende efuna ukuthi uZuma "abuyisele imali",   okuholele ekutheni kube nokuxabana phakathi kwawo noSomlomo wePhalamende likazwelonke Baleka Mbete, ethathwa ngabathile njengokuthi akhethe uZuma ekuphatheni kwakhe iPhalamende. amacala.    Kwesinye isigameko esinjalo, enkulumweni kaZuma Yesimo Sezwe kaZuma ka-2015, lezi ziphazamiso zaholela ekuxabaneni phakathi kwamaLungu ePhalamende nabasebenzi bezokuphepha kanye nesinyathelo esalandelwa yinkantolo (esanqunywa kuhulumeni).   Ngesikhathi uZuma evela ePhalamende wayelokhu enganaki noma ehleka imibuzo ephathelene neNkandla.    Ekugcineni i-EFF yamemezela, ngoMeyi 2015, ukuthi izofaka isicelo senkantolo sokuphoqa uZuma ukuthi enze lo mbiko woMvikeli woMphakathi.   I-DA yafaka isicelo esifanayo kungekudala.  
Njengoba bekulindelekile, iPhalamende likazwelonke elilawulwa yi-ANC lenza ikomidi elibhekelele ukuphenya ngendlela efanayo eliholwa nguNgqongqoshe WezamaPhoyisa uNathi Nhleko, obike ukuthi adedele lo mbiko ngo-Agasti wonyaka ka-2015.  Lo mbiko wamukelwa yiPhalamende ngomhlaka 18 Agasti 2015.  Ngalesi sizathu, uZuma uqhubeke nokungazinaki izincomo zoMvikeli woMphakathi. 

Ngomhlaka 8 Okthoba 2015 iNkantolo eNkulu yokuDluliswa kwamaCala yaseNingizimu Afrika yakhipha isinqumo odabeni oluhlukile (olubizwa ngeSABC v DA, mayelana noHlaudi Motsoeneng saga) oluthola ukuthi imibiko yoMvikeli woMphakathi ibopha ngokusemthethweni.  Ngokwenza lokhu iNkantolo yabuyisela iNkantolo eNkulu, isinqumo sayo sangomhlaka 24 Okthoba 2014 sathi leyo mibiko iyiseluleko nje.  

 Ukuzwa 
Isonto ngaphambi kokulalelwa kwecala, iHhovisi likaMongameli lenze umzamo wokumangala ukuyixazulula le ndaba futhi lahlanganisa incwadi eyayi-drafti eyayifuna ukuyibuyisela enye imali.   Umvikeli Womphakathi waphawula ukuthi lo mbhalo ogciniwe ubonisa kuphela ukuthobela "ingxenye" yezincomo zakhe.  I-EFF yenza isivumelwano sokuphikisana nohlelo lokuthi kubhalwe ukuthi incwadi yaseNkandla ibopha uZuma ngokusemthethweni nokuthi ngokwehluleka ukusisebenzisa isephule uMthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika kanye nesifungo sakhe sokuba sesikhundleni.  Amaqembu ahlulekile ukufinyelela kwisivumelwano. 

Ukulalelwa kwecala kwenzeka ngomhlaka 9 Febhruwari 2016.  Kuyo, umeluleki kaZuma, uJeremy Gauntlett SC, wenza uchungechunge olukhulu lokuvumelana, kubandakanya nokuthi umbiko waseNkandla ubopha uZuma, kodwa wacela inkantolo ukuthi ingasho ukuthi uZuma wenze ngokungahambisani noMthethosisekelo.  Udaba lolu belubalulekile ngoba isimemezelo esinjalo bekuzoba yisisekelo sokufakwa kukaZuma.  Isu likaZuma lithathwe njengemizamo yokugwema umthwalo wemfanelo nokujikisa ongqongqoshe bakhe ngaphansi kwebhasi.   Ithimba lezomthetho likaNgqongqoshe uNhleko naye uthe "izandla zakhe ziboshwe" ngoba elandela imiyalo evela kuZuma kanye neNdlu Kazwelonke.  Iseluleko sikaSomlomo Baleka Mbete, uLindi Lord-Thomas SC, siphikise kakhulu i-akhawunti ye-EFF ne-DA ngamaqiniso nomthetho, kodwa ekugcineni waphoqeleka ukuba abambe iqhaza futhi wagconwa kakhulu ngokusebenza kwakhe "ngokuxhamazela".   

 Isahlulelo 
Isinqumo seNkantolo YoMthethosisekelo sikhiphe isinqumo senkantolo ngomhlaka 31 Mashi 2016 yiJaji eyiJaji uMogoeng Mogoeng .  Kuqinisekisa ukubanjwa kwe-SCA ku- SABC v DA ukuthi izincomo zoMvikeli woMphakathi ziyabopha. Ikwenza lokhu ngesisekelo sokuchazwa okwenziwe ngenhloso koMthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika ; ngaphandle kwamandla okwenza izincomo ezibophayo, iMogoeng CJ ephethe, uMvikeli woMphakathi ubengafanele: 

Isichasiselo, ngokusho kukaMogoeng, ukuthi izincomo zoMvikeli Womphakathi kumele zisetshenziswe ngaphandle kokuthi zibekwe eceleni yinkantolo: 
Njengoba uMengameli uZuma angawunakanga lowo mbiko ngaphandle kokuthi abekele eceleni, uMogoeng ubephethe ukuthi wephule uMthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika: 

UMogoeng uphinde wathola ukuthi isiShayamthetho Sikazwelonke senze ngokungemthetho ngokwehluleka ukwenza lo mbiko: 

Umyalo weNkantolo waphinda kakhulu izinyathelo zokulungisa ezidingekayo nguMvikeli Womphakathi. UMgcinimafa Kazwelonke - oholwa nguPravin Gordhan, obesanda kuvala izimpondo nabaphathi bakaZuma   - uyalelwe, kungakapheli izinsuku ezingama-60, ukuthi kubhekwe izindleko zokuthuthuka okungeyona kwezokuphepha eNkandla, kanye nengxenye yalokho kubuyiswe nguZuma. UMongameli wayalelwa ukuthi enze le mali ingakapheli izinsuku ezingama-45 futhi “akhuze” ongqongqoshe ababengamele umsebenzi wokwakha. 

 Umphumela 
Ukwahlulelwa kukaMogoeng "onamandla" futhi "ngokujulile" kudalulwe ngokuthi "ukunqoba komthetho", futhi kwaba nethonya elikhulu kuMongameli osolwa kakhulu, ngokuziphatha kwakhe "kwakuhlazisa".        Omunye ophawula wathi isahlulelo sikaMogoeng "kwakuyisikhathi sakhe sokunqoba nokuhlenga", futhi waphawula ukuguquka kwakhe kusuka ekucabangeni kokuthi "yithuluzi" lokusungulwa kwaba "iqhawe likazwelonke" ngendlela ekhumbuza u-Earl Warren .  Umhlaziyi wezepolitiki uSteven Friedman uthe isahlulelo "ngumyalezo osobala nokho wokuthi uMthethosisekelo uyasebenza";  omunye umhlaziyi uthe ukubaluleka kwalesi sinqumo ukuthi "kungukugcizelela kwemisipha yokuthi yonke imibuso kuleli lizwe ingaphansi koMthethosisekelo".  Owabe uMongameli uThabo Mbeki uthe abahluleli weNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo kufanele kube "bingelela" ngoba "ngendlela ngokucophelela lapho kukhishelwa yemfanelo alo ngokoMthethosisekelo njengoba inkantolo yethu isihloko".  UJustice Edwin Cameron, obehlala kuleli cala, uphakamise inkulumo yakhe emphakathini wathi ngesinye sezinqumo ezimbili ezibaluleke kakhulu zeNkantolo.  Omunye ophawula wathi, yize kunjalo, isinqumo sikaMongameli uZuma sivumelile amaphuzu amaningi iNkantolo inqume ngaye.  

Ngaphandle kwalokho isimemezelo seNkantolo sokuthi uZuma wephule uMthethosisekelo, nokuyinto eyayingaba yisisekelo sokuthinteka kukaZuma. Ekuphakameni kwesinqumo ngokushesha, uJulius Malema noMmusi Maimane, abaholi bababili abafake izicelo kuleli cala, bafuna uZuma ehle esikhundleni.    Kodwa-ke, uZuma ubefuna ukusibeka phansi isinqumo. Esitatimendeni sabezindaba kusihlwa esilandelayo, uthe usamukele lesi sinqumo futhi ubelokhu emukela imibiko yoMvikeli woMphakathi ebopha, futhi waphawula ukuthi iNkantolo ithole ukuthi wayenelungelo lokufaka inqubo ephenya ngokufana futhi wasebenze "ngokweqiniso" futhi "e- ukholo oluhle ".  Abahlaziyi bezomthetho bazigxekile lezi zimangalo njengokudalulwa okungafanele kwesinqumo.   Bakhomba ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi bekungekho cala, njengoba uZuma asho, ukuthi ubemukela indlela yaseNkantolo eNkulu yamandla oMvikeli woMphakathi ekwahlulelweni kwayo kwe- DA v kwaSABC, ngoba lokho kudluliselwe emavikini ayisithupha ngemuva UZuma usayine inhloso yakhe yokungahambisani nombiko wakhe.  Abahlaziyi baphinde basigxeka isitatimende sikaMongameli   sokuthi iNkantolo ayikaze imthole uZuma egqekeza ihhovisi lakhe, ngoba lokho bekungasho ukuthi lesi sinqumo asinakuphikwa.   

Kepha i-ANC yaqhubeka nokweseka uZuma. Uphiko lwabesifazane lwe-ANC selukhiphe isitatimende ngemuva kwezinsolo ezithi isahlulelo sokholo lwaso kuZuma "sisalokhu singakashiswa".   UNobhala-Jikelele uGwede Mantashe, ekhuluma egameni lele ndawo ebizwa ngokuthi yiTop six, uthe uyakwamukela lokho okushiwo nguZuma ngokuxolisa kodwa okufuna ukuthi icala lakhe ligasele.   Isilobe esikhulu uJackson Mthembu kanye nePhini likaNgqongqoshe Wezobulungiswa uJohn Jeffery bathathe umbono wokuthi yize uZuma ephule uMthethosisekelo, ukwephula umthetho kwakungeyona into ebucayi.   Imibhikisho yokuthathwa kwezikhundla ngamalungu e-MP aphikisayo mhlaka 5 Ephreli 2016 yehlulekile ngamavoti angaphezu kuka-120.  Abanye bamangele ukuthi ngisho nabaphikisi bakaZuma ngaphakathi ku-ANC Cyril Ramaphosa, Pravin Gordhan bavote ngalesisenzo.   ICongress of the People, neqembu eliphikisayo, ithi izokwenqabela ukuqulwa kwamacala ePhalamende ngenxa yokwehluleka kwePhalamende likazwelonke ukufeza isinqumo seNkantolo.  

Yize kunjalo, abahlaziyi abaningi bathi lesi sinqumo singamdonsisa ihlombe uZuma, yize izimpi ezikhona ngaphakathi ku-ANC zizoba yisona esihamba phambili.    Omunye uphakamise ukuthi amalungu e-ANC anamandla alahlekelwe yithemba kuZuma futhi angahle amxoshe.  I- South African Communist Party, eyingxenye yomfelandawonye wezakhe uZuma, ibikade ingabaza ngokwanele ukuphendula kwakhe kulesi sinqumo.  Amanye amalungu e-ANC agxeka uZuma ngokuvela kwakhe olandelayo.  Futhi amalungu amaningi avelele omphakathi kanye nalabo ababefake ngaphakathi ku-ANC, kubandakanya u-Ahmed Kathrada, uRonnie Kasrils, uTrevor Manuel, uCheryl Carolus kanye nejaji leNkantolo yoMthethosisekelo esethathe umhlalaphansi, uZak Yacoob, wacela ukuthi uZuma ashiye phansi,     nokuhoxa emuva kwabalingani bakaZuma abathile.  UMkhandlu WamaSonto waseNingizimu Afrika wenze okufanayo, wathi uZuma "ulahlekelwe yigunya lonke lokuziphatha".   I-ANC yaseGauteng, eholwa ngumgxeki uZuma uPaul Mashatile, isithathile isinqumo sokuthi uZuma kumele esule esikhundleni;   ukungabaza kuphakanyisiwe ngobuholi bukaZuma ngisho nasezinhlwini zakhe zendabuko ezifana namagatsha e-ANC aseLimpopo ;  kanye nememorandamu ye-ANC yangaphakathi ethunyelwe ngabasebenza ngamaqembu kwabakwaTop six ngenxa yokuthi bafuna ukuthi uZuma akhumbule futhi bamqhathanisa noMengameli Uhlelo lobandlululo PW Botha .  Ekugcineni, amalungu omndeni wakwaGupta, acatshangelwe ukuthi angabalingani bakaZuma asebehlala isikhathi eside nababalulekile kwezemali, ashiya phansi inkampani yawo enkulu futhi abalekela Dubai ngesonto eledlule ngemuva kwesinqumo - eshiya uZuma, ngombono wabahlaziyi abathile, abasengozini enkulu.   Ngemuva kwalezi zinguquko, uMalema uthe sekuyisikhathi manje 'sokuchoboza ikhanda lenyoka ".  Ngo-12 Ephreli 2016, uMax du Preez uthe umbuzo osemqoka, "manje njengoba amandla kagesi esephendukele kuZuma", bekuyindlela yokuqinisekisa ukuthi uphuma ephethwe - futhi engenabo udlame.  

 Izinkomba