民行

民行（）是犹太教中公认的单个或一系列约定俗成的传统，和诫命的含义相对。民行相关概念“㐵作”（）则指的是祈祷​​的传统顺序和形式。

 词源 
三辅音词根（）的主要含义是“驾驭”，或可引申为“行事”。

“民行”一词在希伯来圣经中出现过两次，两次都出现在同一节经文（《列王纪下》9:20）中，并被翻译为“趕車”：从讲道的角度来说，人们可以说，犹太律法中“民行”一词的使用反映了其在圣经希伯来语中的起源，即“驾驭（战车）的方式”。而哈拉卡（律法）一词则源于“行走路径”，意为为旅途本身设定的道路；“民行”（习俗）源于“驾驭”一词，意为让人们更快地沿着这条道路前进而养成的习惯。

目前这种以“民行”表示“习俗”的用法可能受到阿拉伯语 minhaj 的影响；但在现有的伊斯兰教用法中，该词用于表示学者或思想流派的思想方法论（参见），而不是用于表示地方或民族社区的习俗。

参考文献

外部链接
  Custom, jewishencyclopedia.com
  A Historical Map of Jewish Liturgical Influence and Variation
  The Rules of Halacha, Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan
  Customs (Minhagim), nishmat.net

 书目 
 Rabbinic literature
  Sages of Ashkenaz Database - Online collection of minhag seforim
 Minhagei Maharil, Rabbi Yaakov ben Moshe Levi Moelin (Maharil), 1556.
 "Sefer HaMinhagim" (Hebrew Fulltext, PDF) Rabbi Isaac Tyrnau, 1566.
 "Ta'amei HaMinhagim", Rabbi A. I. Sperling, 1896; translation: "Reasons for Jewish customs and traditions". Bloch Pub. Co 1968. 
 "Likutei Maharich". Rabbi Yisroel Chaim Freedman of Rachov.
 "Sefer HaMinhagim", Rabbis M. Greenglass and Y. Groner, 1966; translation: “The Book of Chabad-Lubavitch Customs”. Sichos In English Pub. 1998.  
 "Otzar Ta'amei ha-Minhagim", Rabbi Shmuel Gelbard, 1995; translation: "Rite and Reason"  Feldheim Pub. 1997 
 General
 "The Biblical and Historical Background of Jewish Customs and Ceremonies", Rabbi Abraham Bloch. Ktav 1980.  
 "The Minhagim: The Customs and Ceremonies of Judaism, Their Origins and Rationale", Rabbi Abraham Chill. Sepher Hermon 1978. 
 "To Be a Jew: A Guide to Jewish Observance in Contemporary Life", Rabbi Hayim Donin. Basic Books 1991. 
 "Jewish Book of Why", Rabbi Alfred J. Kolatch. Jonathan David 1995. 
 "Minhagei Yisrael: Origins and History", Rabbi Daniel Sperber. Mossad Harav Kook, 1998.
 "The Complete Book of Jewish Observance", Rabbi Leo Trepp. Behrman House Publishing 1980. 
 "Jewish Spiritual Practices", Yitzhak Buxbaum. Jason Aronson Inc. 1994.  (hardcover)  (paperback)


Category:犹太律法中的希伯来语单词和短语
Category:犹太律法和礼仪
Category:猶太人生命周期