伪切叶蚁属

，俗名相思树蚁或金合欢蚁，是伪切叶蚁亚科之下的模式属，该属全员具有蛰针，且形似蜂类。具有很大的复眼，视力极佳。身体细长，可以在中空的植物或树木隧道中穿梭。主要分布在新大陆的热带和亚热带地区。

 栖息地 
伪切叶蚁主要分布在新热带区，但也有少数种类分布在新北界。 大多数伪切叶蚁物种都是植物寄居者，例如苍白伪切叶蚁（P. pallidus）会在枯萎植物的空心茎、草本植物的嫩枝以及枯死树木的中空隧道中筑巢。 该属也有寄居树木、與树木共生的物種，較大众爲熟知的树木寄居对像为相思树。Gómez-Acevedo, Sandra; Rico-Arce, Lourdes; Delgado-Salinas, Alfonso; Magallón, Susana; Eguiarte, Luis E. Neotropical mutualism between Acacia and Pseudomyrmex: Phylogeny and divergence times. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 56 (2010) 393–408 其他种类则进化出了与其他树木的专性互利共生关系；例如三分伪切叶蚁（P. triplarinus）就专性依赖于蓼树属中的几种树木物种。Larrea-Alcázar, D. M. and J. A. Simonetti. (2007). Why are there few seedlings beneath the myrmecophyte Triplaris americana?.  Acta Oecologica 32(1) 112–18. 極少數（如牛眼伪切叶蚁 P. boopis）可以在土中築巢。

 分类及關係性 
伪切叶蚁属與矾木蚁属为姐妹羣， 而矾木蚁属同時與伪切叶蚁属及细长蚁属近缘，其在系统发生树的位置处于细长蚁属和伪切叶蚁属之间。[见：伪切叶蚁亚枓系统发生树]

 物种 
该属包括以下物種：

 伪切叶蚁杜氏种团 duckei species-group 
2个物種包括：
 杜氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex duckei (Forel, 1906)
 淡黑伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex subater (Wheeler, 1914)

 伪切叶蚁隐居种团 elongatulus species-group 
13个物種包括：
 阿帕奇伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex apache Creighton, 1953

 隐匿伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex arcanus Ward & Branstetter, 2022
 毛发伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex capillatus Ward & Branstetter, 2022
 钱氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex championi (Forel, 1899)
 近缘伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex cognatus Ward & Branstetter, 2022
 侍从伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex comitator Ward & Branstetter, 2022
 隐居伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex elongatulus (Dalla Torre, 1892)
 冕伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex ereptor Ward & Branstetter, 2022
 诫伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex exoratus Ward & Branstetter, 2022
 横带伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex fasciatus Ward & Branstetter, 2022
 云斑伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex nimbus Ward & Branstetter, 2022
 塞氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex salvini (Forel, 1899)
 韦拉克鲁斯伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex veracruzensis Ward & Branstetter, 2022

 伪切叶蚁锈色种团 ferruginea species-group 
高度與金合欢属（Acacia）共生的种团，被俗稱为“相思树蚁”或“金合欢蚁”，12个物种包括：
 从者伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex evitus Ward, 2017
 野性伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex feralis Ward, 2017
 銹色伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex ferruginea (Smith, 1877)
 黄角伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex flavicornis (Smith, 1877)
 简氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex janzeni Ward, 1993
 混杂伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex mixtecus Ward, 1993
 黑带伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex nigrocinctus (Emery, 1890)
 异首伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex particeps Ward, 1993
 佩氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex peperi (Forel, 1913)
 撒旦伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex satanicus (Wheeler, 1942)
 棘伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex spinicola (Emery, 1890)
 施毒伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex veneficus (Wheeler, 1942)

 伪切叶蚁高氏种团 goeldii species-group 
5个物种包括：
 高氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex goeldii (Forel, 1912)
 光额伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex laevifrons Ward, 1989
 闪光伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex micans Ward, 2017
 钝伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex obtusus Ward, 2017
 微伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex parvulus Ward, 2017

 伪切叶蚁纤细种团 gracilis species-group 
著名伪切叶蚁入侵物種——细伪切叶蚁所在的种团。23个物种包括：
 迭色伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex alternans (Santschi, 1936)
 阿氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex alvarengai Kempf, 1961
 黑足伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex atripes (Smith, 1860)
 布氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex browni Kempf, 1967
 枝伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex cladoicus (Smith, 1858)
 截伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex excisus (Mayr, 1870)
 匠工伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex faber (Smith, 1858)
 戈氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex godmani (Forel, 1899)
 细伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex gracilis (Fabricius, 1804)
 Pseudomyrmex hospitalis Ward, 1999
 光滑伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex laevigatus (Smith, 1877)
 斑伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex maculatus (Smith, 1855)
 大伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex major (Forel, 1899)
 黑色伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex niger (Donisthorpe, 1940)
 黑毛伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex nigropilosus (Emery, 1890)
 暗头伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex opaciceps Ward, 1993
 憎恶伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex osurus (Forel, 1911)
 萝莉伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex pupa (Forel, 1911)
 Pseudomyrmex reconditus Ward, 1993
 拟态伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex simulans Kempf, 1958
 鳞毛伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex squamifer (Emery, 1890)
 单色伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex unicolor (Smith, 1855)
 秀丽伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex venustus (Smith, 1858)

 伪切叶蚁大眼种团 oculatus species-group 
11个物種包括：
 光点伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex alustratus Ward, 1989
 暗黑伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex caeciliae (Forel, 1913)
 宽伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex cretus Ward, 1989
 古巴伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex cubaensis (Forel, 1901)
 库拉卡伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex curacaensis (Forel, 1912)
 埃氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex eduardi (Forel, 1912)
 藏匿伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex elongatus (Mayr, 1870)
 大眼伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex oculatus (Smith, 1855)
 小伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex pisinnus Ward, 1989
 舒氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex schuppi (Forel, 1901)
 城居伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex urbanus (Smith, 1877)

 伪切叶蚁淡色种团 pallens species-group 
8个物種包括：
 烟色伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex adustus (Borgmeier, 1929)
 突结伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex gibbinotus (Forel, 1908)
 掠夺伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex incurrens (Forel, 1912)
 长伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex longus (Forel, 1912)
 敏锐伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex lynceus (Spinola, 1851)
 纯色伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex monochrous (Dalla Torre, 1892)
 淡色伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex pallens (Mayr, 1870)
 喜叶伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex phyllophilus (Smith, 1858) 

 伪切叶蚁苍白种团 pallidus species-group 
易危物种——纤伪切叶蚁（又稱弱伪切叶蚁）所在的种团，24个物种包括：
 刺居伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex acanthobius (Emery, 1896)
 褐色伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex brunneus (Smith, 1877)
 科氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex colei (Enzmann, 1944)
 分色伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex distinctus (Smith, 1877)
 驱逐伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex ejectus (Smith, 1858)
 禀赋伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex ethicus (Forel, 1911)
 兰伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex euryblemma (Forel, 1899)
 菲氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex fiebrigi (Forel, 1908)
 浅黄伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex flavidulus (Smith, 1858)
 霍氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex holmgreni (Wheeler, 1925)
 客居伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex inquilinus Ward, 1996
 Pseudomyrmex laevivertex (Forel, 1906)
 纤伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex leptosus Ward, 1985 易危物种（Vulnerable），又稱弱伪切叶蚁
 利氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex lizeri (Santschi, 1922)
 Pseudomyrmex oki (Forel, 1906)
 苍白伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex pallidus (Smith, 1855)
 帕氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex pazosi (Santschi, 1909)
 秘鲁伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex peruvianus (Wheeler, 1925)
 罗氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex rochai (Forel, 1912)
 红腹伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex rufiventris (Forel, 1911)
 塞米诺伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex seminole Ward, 1985
 单伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex simplex (Smith, 1877)
 索氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex solisi (Santschi, 1916)
 端伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex terminalis (Smith, 1877)

 伪切叶蚁绢毛种团 sericeus species-group 
14个物種包括：
 贝卡伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex beccarii (Menozzi, 1935)

 Pseudomyrmex cordiae (Forel, 1904)
 残酷伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex crudelis Ward, 1999
 Pseudomyrmex deminutus Ward, 1999
 驹伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex eculeus Ward, 1999
 猛伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex ferox Ward, 1999
 强壮伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex fortis (Forel, 1899)
 伊塔伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex ita (Forel, 1906)
 扰动伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex lisus (Enzmann, E.V., 1944)
 Pseudomyrmex longior (Forel, 1904)
 花色伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex pictus (Stitz, 1913)
 锈红伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex rubiginosus (Stitz, 1913)
 绢毛伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex sericeus (Mayr, 1870)
 芬氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex vinneni (Forel, 1906)

 伪切叶蚁微小种团 subtilissimus species-group 
4个物種包括：
 针突伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex spiculus Ward, 1989
 微小伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex subtilissimus (Emery, 1890)
 轻薄伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex tenuissimus (Emery, 1906)
 多毛伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex villosus Ward, 1989

 伪切叶蚁齿颈种团 denticollis species-group 
4个物種包括：
 牛眼伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex boopis (Roger, 1863)
 齿颈伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex denticollis (Emery, 1890)
 窄结伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex tenuis (Fabricius, 1804)
 毀木伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex termitarius (Smith, 1855)

 伪切叶蚁弑亲种团 viduus species-group 
该种团與蚁豆属（Tachigali）、破布木属（Cordia）及蓼树属（Triplaris）等植物共生，可能是最接近矾木蚁的种团（见同色伪切叶蚁）。13個物种包括：
 -{zh-cn:同色伪切叶;zh-tw:同色擬家;zh-hk:同色偽切葉}-蚁 Pseudomyrmex concolor (Smith, 1860)
 树伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex dendroicus (Forel, 1904)
 忧郁伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex insuavis Ward, 1999
 库氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex kuenckeli (Emery, 1890)
 邪恶伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex malignus (Wheeler, 1921)
 蛰刺伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex mordax (Warming, 1894)
 渗透伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex penetrator (Smith, F., 1877)
 疾行伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex tachigaliae (Forel, 1904) 蚁豆伪切叶蚁
 枯黄伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex triplaridis (Forel, 1904)
 三分伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex triplarinus (Weddell, 1850)
 复仇伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex ultrix Ward, 1999
 弑亲伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex viduus (Smith, 1858)
 拒止伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex vitabilis Ward, 1999

 未分配种团 
17个物种包括：
 Pseudomyrmex antiquus Ward, 1992
 Pseudomyrmex coronatus (Wheeler, 1942)
 Pseudomyrmex depressus (Forel, 1906)
 Pseudomyrmex endophytus (Forel, 1912)
 亮红伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex fervidus (Smith, 1877)
 线形伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex filiformis (Fabricius, 1804)
 Pseudomyrmex gebellii (Forel, 1899)
 海地伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex haytianus (Forel, 1901)
 西方伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex hesperius Ward, 1993
 Pseudomyrmex mandibularis (Spinola, 1851)
 Pseudomyrmex nigrescens (Forel, 1904)
 珀氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex perboscii (Guerin-Meneville, 1844)
 中红伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex rufomedius (Smith, 1877)
 桑氏伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex santschii (Enzmann, 1944)
 Pseudomyrmex voytowskii (Enzmann, 1944)
 Pseudomyrmex weberi (Enzmann, 1944)
 惠勒伪切叶蚁 Pseudomyrmex wheeleri (Enzmann, 1944)

 化石种 Fossil species 
13个化石种包括：
 †Pseudomyrmex antiguanus (Enzmann, 1944)
 †Pseudomyrmex avitus Ward, 1992
 †Pseudomyrmex baros Ward, 1992
 †Pseudomyrmex coruscus Ward, 1992
 †Pseudomyrmex extinctus (Carpenter, 1930)
 †Pseudomyrmex macrops Ward, 1992
 †Pseudomyrmex nexilis Ward, 1992
 †Pseudomyrmex oryctus Ward, 1992
 †Pseudomyrmex prioris Ward, 1992
 †Pseudomyrmex saxulum LaPolla & Greenwalt, 2015
 †Pseudomyrmex succinus Ward, 1992
 †Pseudomyrmex thecolor Ward, 1992
 †Pseudomyrmex vicinus Ward, 1992

 参考文獻 

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Category:南美膜翅目
Category:使用生物多样性栏目的条目