意式短剑

意式短剑 (意大利语: Stiletto) 是一种刀身细长、刀尖如针的特殊匕首，通常为三棱锥形，其主要攻击方式为刺击Limburg, Peter R., What's In The Names Of Antique Weapons, Coward, McCann & Geoghegan, ,  (1973), pp. 77-78Secret Arms, The Saturday Review, London: Spottiswoode & Co., Vol. 77 No. 2,002 (10 March 1894), pp. 250-251。 

短剑的横竖两部分相交处较狭窄，刀身呈渐尖状，这两点能减轻刺入时遭遇的摩擦力，使得刀身能刺得更深Atkins, Anthony G., The Science and Engineering of Cutting: The Mechanics and Processes of Separating, Scratching, and Puncturing Bio-Materials, Metals, and Non-Metals, London: Elsevier Ltd.,  (2009), p. 214。部分人将短剑视作一种匕首，但绝大多数短剑都是专门的刺击武器，设计时没考虑过切割和劈砍功能Cassidy, William L., The Complete Book Of Knife Fighting, ,  (1997), pp. 9-18, 27-36。

 起源 
意式短剑在中世纪开始声名鹊起，当时它作为对抗重装骑士的工具而流行，因为它的薄刀片可以灵活地穿过鏈甲。

此外，短剑是刺客最喜欢的武器之一，因为它是一种易于隐藏的武器，可以藏在袖子里或斗篷下。

几个世纪以来，它几乎总是被认为是一种特别阴险的武器，并且在不同时期，其携带和使用自然是被禁止的。Peterson, Harold, Daggers and Fighting Knives of the Western World, Dover Publications, ,  (2002), pp. 16-26Ford, Roger, et al., Weapon: A Visual History of Arms and Armor, London: DK Publishing Inc., ,  (2006), pp. 69, 131: In the late 1400s new blade shapes were introduced to the rondel dagger, an equilateral triangular cross-section, followed by the appearance of narrow square (cruciform) blades foreshadowing the emergence of the stiletto.

参考文献

Category:意大利发明
Category:刃器
Category:欧洲武器
Category:欧洲刀剑
Category:匕首