斯堪的纳维亚苏格兰

斯堪的纳维亚苏格兰（）是指8世纪—15世纪，诺斯人（維京人、挪威人）及其后裔在蘇格蘭建立的殖民地。這些殖民地位於奥克尼、设德兰、赫布里底群岛、克莱德湾群岛以及凱瑟尼斯和薩瑟蘭。15世纪中叶，蘇格蘭王國開始直接控制奥克尼群岛和设得兰群岛。這意味著蘇格蘭境內的斯堪的纳维亚人殖民地被全部收回 Crawford (1987) p. 200。

参考文献

參考書目

 Anderson, Alan Orr (1922) Early Sources of Scottish History: A.D. 500 to 1286. 2. Edinburgh. Oliver and Boyd.
 Armit, Ian (2006) Scotland's Hidden History. Stroud. Tempus. 
 Ballin Smith, Beverley "Norwick: Shetland's First Viking Settlement?" in Ballin Smith, Beverley, Taylor, Simon and Williams, Gareth (eds) (2007) West Over Sea: Studies in Scandinavian Sea-borne Expansion and Settlement Before 1300. Brill. 
 Barrett, James H. "The Norse in Scotland" in Brink, Stefan (ed) (2008) The Viking World. Abingdon. Routledge. 
 Brink, Stefan (ed.) (2008) The Viking World. London. Routledge. 
 Burns, W. E. (2009) A Brief History of Great Britain. Infobase Publishing. 
 Crawford, Barbara E. (1987) Scandinavian Scotland. Leicester University Press. 
 Downham, Clare (2007) Viking Kings of Britain and Ireland: The Dynasty of Ívarr to A.D. 1014. Edinburgh. Dunedin Academic Press. 

 Fraser, James E. (2009) From Caledonia to Pictland: Scotland to 795. Edinburgh University Press. 
 Gammeltoft, Peder (2010) "Shetland and Orkney Island-Names – A Dynamic Group". Northern Lights, Northern Words. Selected Papers from the FRLSU Conference, Kirkwall 2009, edited by Robert McColl Millar.
 Graham-Campbell, James and Batey, Colleen E. (1998) Vikings in Scotland: An Archaeological Survey. Edinburgh University Press. 
 Gregory, Donald (1881) The History of the Western Highlands and Isles of Scotland 1493–1625. Edinburgh. Birlinn. 2008 reprint – originally published by Thomas D. Morrison. 

 Hearn, J. (2000) Claiming Scotland: National Identity and Liberal Culture. Edinburgh. Edinburgh University Press. 
 Hunter, James (2000) Last of the Free: A History of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland. Edinburgh. Mainstream. 
 Imsen, Steinar "The Scottish-Norwegian Border in the Middle Ages" in Woolf, Alex (ed.) (2009)
 Irvine, James M. (ed.) (2006) The Orkneys and Schetland in Blaeu's Atlas Novus of 1654. Ashtead. James M. Irvine. 
 Jennings, Andrew and Kruse, Arne "One Coast-Three Peoples: Names and Ethnicity in the Scottish West during the Early Viking period" in Woolf, Alex (ed.) (2009)
 Jensen, Judith "The Norse gods in Scotland" in Woolf, Alex (ed.) (2009)
 Keay, J. & Keay, J. (1994) Collins Encyclopaedia of Scotland. London. HarperCollins.
 Logan, F. D. (1992) The Vikings in History. London. Routledge. 
 Marsden, John (2008) "Somerled and the Emergence of Gaelic Scotland". Edinburgh. Birlinn. 
 Marwick, Hugh (1952) Orkney Farm-names.
 McDonald, R. Andrew (2007) Manx Kingship in Its Irish Sea Setting, 1187–1229: King Rognvaldr and the Crovan Dynasty. Dublin. Four Courts Press. 
 Munch, P. A. (ed) and Rev. Goss (tr) (1874) Chronica regnum Manniae et insularum: The Chronicle of Man and the Sudreys . Volume 1. Douglas, Isle of Man. The Manx Society. Retrieved 9 January 2011.
 Murray, W. H. (1966) The Hebrides. London. Heinemann.
 Murray, W. H. (1973) The Islands of Western Scotland. London. Eyre Methuen. 
 Nicolson, James R. (1972) Shetland. Newton Abbott. David & Charles. 
 Ó Corráin, Donnchadh (1998) Vikings in Ireland and Scotland in the Ninth Century. CELT.
 Ó Corráin, Donnchadh (2008) "The Vikings and Ireland" in Brink, Stefan (ed) (2008) The Viking World. Abingdon. Routledge. 
 Omand, Donald (ed.) (2003) The Orkney Book. Edinburgh. Birlinn. 
 Pálsson, Hermann and Edwards, Paul Geoffrey (1981). Orkneyinga Saga: The History of the Earls of Orkney. Penguin Classics. 
 Philip's World Atlas (9th Edition) (1999) London. George Philip Ltd. in association with the Royal Geographical Society with the Institute of British Geographers. 
 Rollason, D. W. (2003) Northumbria, 500–1100: Creation and Destruction of a Kingdom. Cambridge. Cambridge University Press. 

 Sharples, Niall and Smith, Rachel "Norse settlement in the Western Isles" in Woolf, Alex (ed.) (2009)
 Schei, Liv Kjørsvik (2006) The Shetland Isles. Grantown-on-Spey. Colin Baxter Photography. 
 Sheehan, John and Ó Corráin, Donnchadh (2010) The Viking Age: Ireland and the West. Proceedings of the Fifteenth Viking Congress. Dublin. Four Courts Press. 
 Thomson, William P. L. (2008) The New History of Orkney. Edinburgh. Birlinn. 
 Watson, W. J. (1994) The Celtic Place-Names of Scotland. Edinburgh. Birlinn. . First published 1926.
 Williams, Gareth "The Family of Moddan of Dale" in Ballin Smith, Beverley, Taylor, Simon and Williams, Gareth (eds) (2007) West Over Sea: Studies in Scandinavian Sea-borne Expansion and Settlement Before 1300. Brill. 
 Woolf, Alex "The Age of the Sea-Kings: 900–1300" in Omand, Donald (ed.) (2006) The Argyll Book. Edinburgh. Birlinn. 
 Woolf, Alex (2007) From Pictland to Alba, 789–1070. Edinburgh. Edinburgh University Press. 
 Woolf, Alex (ed.) (2009) Scandinavian Scotland – Twenty Years After. St Andrews. St Andrews University Press. 

Category:苏格兰各时期历史
Category:斯堪的纳维亚历史