操演性

操演性（），或譯作表演性、展演性、述行性，是指语言作為社会行为形式发挥作用、產生效果的術語。 操演性，在人类学、社会地理學、文化地理学、经济学、性别研究、法學、语言学、戲劇理論、表演研究、历史、管理學和哲学等不同领域有多种应用與定義。

術語，來自语言哲学家约翰·奥斯丁的言語行為理論。奧斯丁提到了一種特別的能力：通过言语和交流，來采取行动，或達成某项行动。奥斯丁将其与陈述敘說（）区分開來，稱為操演敘說（）。奧斯丁定义陈述敘說为可以“评估为真或假”的語句。而操演敘說的常见例子，有：承诺、打赌、举行婚礼、示威者宣布罢工、或法官宣布裁决。 

受奥斯汀影响，性别研究哲学家朱迪思·巴特勒认为，性别是通过日常的言语行为和非语言行為在社会上构建的，有助于定义和维持身份。 这种性別操演性的观点颠覆了身份是言语、手势等次生行为的原因。相反，性別操演性将行动、行为和手势也视为是形成个人身份的原因，而不只是結果，而个人身份在不断通过言语行为和象征性交流中得到重新定义。 巴特勒的此觀點也受到了傅柯、阿圖塞等哲学家的影响。Cultural Studies and Discourse Analysis – Barker & Galasinski

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