美国少年后备役军官训练营

少年后备役军官训练营（，简称“JROTC”，通常发音作“JAY-rotsee”）是一项由美军举办和赞助，遍及全美各地的高中、部分初中以及各海外军事基地的联邦项目。 该项目最初作为1916年国防法案（）的一部分而创立，后来又依照1964年的“预备役军官训练团振兴法案”（）进行了扩展。

 创立目的 
根据美国法典的第10卷第2031章，少年后备役军官训练营的使命和目的是“向美国中等教育阶段的学生灌输公民意识、为美国服役的个人责任以及成就感。”其他附加目标和任务则由国防部下辖的各军种部门自行制定。而根据美国联邦法律的第32篇（国防）第542.4条，美国陆军部已为每位学员制定了如下目标：

 培养公民意识和爱国主义；
 培养自力更生的能力以及对权威的服从；
 提高口头和书面沟通能力；
 培养对体育健康重要性的认知；
 增加对美国军队在对国家目标支持方面作用的认知和尊重；
 培养团队合作能力以及对基本军事技能的认知；
 参加1-3年的训练课目从而让学员（如有意愿）可在从军时获得更高的军衔。

 奖励制度 

 陆军少年后备役军官训练营 
链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_Medal_of_Heroism.svg|1.375in陆军少年后备役军官训练营英雄主义奖章略章（Army JROTC Medal For Heroism Ribbon）链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_Superior_Cadet.svg|1.375in陆军少年后备役军官训练营卓越学员略章（Army JROTC Superior Cadet Ribbon）链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-1-1.svg|1.375in陆军少年后备役军官训练营杰出学员略章（Army JROTC Distinguished Cadet Ribbon）链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-1-2.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Academic Excellence Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-1-3.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Academic Achievement Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-1-4.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Perfect Attendance Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-1-5.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Student Government Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-1-6.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Leadership Education Training Service Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-1-7.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC N 1 7 Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-1-8.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC N 1 8 Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-1-9.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC N 1 9 Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-1-10.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC N 1 10 Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-3-1.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Dai Sai Instructor Leadership Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-3-2.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Personal Appearance Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-3-3.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Proficiency Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-3-4.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Drill Team Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-3-5.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Orienteering Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-3-6.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Color Guard Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-3-7.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Rifle Team Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-3-8.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Adventure Training Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-3-9.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Commendation Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-3-10.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Good Conduct Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-3-11.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC JCLC Participation Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-3-12.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC N 3 12 Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-3-13.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC N 3 13 Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-3-14.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC N 3 14 Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-3-15.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC N 3 15 Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-2-1.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Varsity Athletics Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-2-2.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Physical Fitness Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-2-3.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Athletics Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-2-4.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC N 2 4 Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-2-5.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC N 2 5 Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-4-1.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Parade Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-4-2.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Recruiting Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-4-3.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC N 4 3 Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-4-4.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC N 4 4 Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-4-5.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC N 4 5 Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-4-6.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Service Learning Ribbon链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Ribbon_AJROTC_N-4-6.svg|1.375inArmy JROTC Excellent Staff Performance Ribbon
+略章附件装饰Cadet Reference (Ft. Knox, KY: U.S. Army Cadet Command), 4, https://www.usarmyjrotc.com/doc/public/cadetPages/Cadet_Reference_V6.pdf .链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Insignia_AJROTC_Bronze_Lamp.png|19x19像素“铜油灯”（Bronze Oil Lamp）表示二次获勋链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Insignia_AJROTC_Silver_Lamp.png|19x19像素“银油灯”（Silver Oil Lamp）表示三次获勋链接=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Insignia_AJROTC_Gold_Lamp.png|19x19像素“金油灯”（Gold Oil Lamp）表示四次获勋

参考文献

视频资料
Atlanta Public Schools' JROTC Pass-in-Review
Union HS Army JROTC Unarmed Regulation at Central Regional Drill Competition 2019
North Salem HS JROTC Vanir Guard Color Guard @ The Nationals, 5 May 2017
Joint Service Academic Bowl Championship
Ozark High School JROTC Drill Team 2017
Virginia 91st Air Force JROTC Band at Fall Family Day Parade 2015
JROTC Spring Competition - Lincoln Drum Corps 2015

外部链接

 美国空军少年后备役军官训练营（U.S. Air Force University JROTC）
 美国陆军少年后备役军官训练营（U.S. Army JROTC） 
 美国海军陆战队少年后备役军官训练营（U.S. Marine Corps JROTC） 
 美国海军少年后备役军官训练营（U.S. Navy JROTC）

Category:1916年美國建立
Category:1916年军事
Category:美國青年組織
Category:美國軍事教育與訓練