典型晶体结构類型

在晶体学中，典型晶体结构類型（Strukturbericht designation 或 Strukturbericht type）是一种以已知结构類型為分類標籤的晶体结构分类系统。
该分類法旨在成为晶体结构首選的分類法則，但主要作为空间群命名法的补充 。
在該系統中，每個晶體結構名称都由一个空間群描述，加上英文字母標示其簡式比例。
虽然早期發現的晶体结构都適用此命名法，但该系统并不全面，且已不再更新。
现代数据库，如无机晶体结构数据库（Inorganic Crystal Structure Database），直接按原型化合物索引数千种结构类型（即“NaCl结构”而不是“B1结构＂）。 

這個命名系統是由期刊建立的，该期刊在1913-1928年间以＂Strukturbericht＂（德文＂結構報告＂）為標題發表了一系列探討此命名系統的報告，並在1931年由保羅·埃瓦爾德和C. Hermann出版第一卷合訂本。〈Strukturbericht〉在戰后以Structure reports為標題继续刊載直到1990年，現已不再生成新符号。

第一卷合訂本的規則中，晶體結構名称由一个大写字母（A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,L,M,O）组成，指定一个广泛的化合物类别，然后用一个数字来指定一个特定的晶体结构。在第二卷中，增加了下标数字，修改了一些早期的符号（例如最初的D1变成D01，D2变成D02，等等），并修改了类别（增加了I、K、S类型）。在第三卷中，I类被重新命名为J类。后来的名称也开始在下标中使用小写字母。 

 A类化合物 
A代表元素晶體，包含所有由同種元素的原子组成的结构。
+ A类化合物 标记 结构 原型 空间群 Description A1 100px Cu Fmm Cubic close-packed structure (also: Face-centered cubic structure) A2 100px W Imm Body-centered cubic structure A3 100px Mg P63/mmc Hexagonal close-packed structureA3'100pxα-LaP63/mmcα-La structure
(ABAC Barlow packing) A4 100px C (diamond) Fdm Diamond cubic structureA5β-SnI41/amd A6 100px Indium I4/mmm 铟的结构A7100pxα-AsRmA8 100px 灰SeP3121Also called γ-Se,but that term is also usedfor a monoclinic form. A9 100px 石墨 P63/mmc Hexagonal graphite structureA10α-HgRmA11100pxα-GaCmca α-镓的结构A12100pxα-MnI3mα-锰的结构A13100pxβ-MnP4132β-Manganese structure A14 100px I2 Cmca 分子碘的结构 A15 100px β-W Pmn Weaire–Phelan structureA16α-SFddd A17 100px P Cmca Black phosphorus structureA18ClP42/ncmIncorrect structureA19 -> Ai, AhPo的误归属C2A20α-UCmcmAaα-PaI4/mmmAbβ-UP42/mnmσ phaseAcα-NpPnmaAdβ-NpP4/nmmAfγ-HgSn6-10P6/mmmAgBP42/nnm Ah 100px α-Po Pmm Simple cubic structureAiβ-PoRmAkγ-Se（单斜）P21/cAlβ-Se（单斜）P21/c

 B类化合物 
B指簡式為AB型的化合物，即两种元素原子数相等的化合物。
+ B compounds 标记 结构 原型 空间群 注释 B1 100px NaCl Fmm 岩盐结构 B2 100px CsCl Pmm 氯化铯结构 B3 100px ZnS F3m Zincblende structure B4 100px ZnS P63mc Wurtzite crystal structureB54H SiCP63mcMoissanite (4H polytype) structureB66H SiCP63mcMoissanite(6H polytype) structureB7Si-C 15RR3m15R-SiC structureB8 -> B81B81100pxNiAsP63/mmc Nickeline structureB82Ni2InP63/mmcB9100pxα-HgSP3221Cinnabar structureB10100pxPbOP4/nmmLead(II) oxide/Litharge structureB11γ-CuTiP4/nmmB12 -> BkBN的误认P63mcOriginally reported boron nitride structureB13100pxβ-NiSR3mβ-Nickel sulfide/Millerite structureB14FeAsPnmaWesterveldite structureB15 -> B27B16100pxGeSPnmaGermanium(II) sulfide/Herzenbergite structureB17100pxPtSP42/mmcPlatinum(II) sulfide/Cooperite structureB18CuSP63/mmcCopper monosulfide/Covellite structureB19β′-AuCdPmmaThe martensitic β′-AuCd structureB20FeSiP213FeSi/Fersilicite structureB21α-COP213α-一氧化碳的结构B24TlF-II (incorrectly)FmmmOriginally reported Thallium(I) fluoride structureB26100pxCuOC2/cCopper(II) oxide/Tenorite structureB27100pxFeBPnma一硼化铁的结构B28 -> B20B29 -> B16SnS的误认Pnma硫化亚锡的结构B30MgZnImm2B31 -> B14MnPPnmaB32NaTlFdmB33100pxCrBCmcm一硼化铬的结构B34100pxPdSP42/m硫化钯(II)的结构B35CoSnP6/mmmB37SeTlI4/mcmBaCoUI213Bbζ-AgZnPBc -> B33CaSiCmcmBdη-NiSiBeCdSbPbcaBf -> B33CrB(duplicate of B33)BgMoBI41/amdMolybdenum boride structureBh100pxWCPm2Tungsten carbide structureBiAsTiP63/mmcBk100pxBNP63/mmc氮化硼的结构BlAsSBmTiB

 C-化合物 
C表示AB2型化合物。
+C compoundsStrukturbericht designationDiagramPrototypeSpace groupDescriptionC1CaF2FmmFluorite structureC1bAgAsMgF3mHalf Heusler structureC2FeS2PaPyrite structureC3Cu2OPnmCuprite structureC4TiO2P42mnmRutile structureC5TiO2I41/amdAnatase structureC6CdI2Pm1Cadmium iodide structureC7MoS2P63/mmcMolybdenum disulfide structureC8β-SiO2P6222β-Quartz structureC9β-CristobaliteFdmIdealized β-Cristobalite structureC10β-TridymiteP63/mmcβ-Tridymite structureC11 -> C11a,C11bC11aCaC2I4/mmmC11bMoSi2I4/mmmMolybdenum disilicide structureC12CaSi2C13HgI2P42/nmcCoccinite structureC14MgZn2P63/mmcMgZn2 Laves phaseC15MgCu2FdmMgCu2 Laves phaseC15bAuBe5F3mC16CuAl2I4/mcmKhatyrkite structureC18FeS2PnnmMarcasite structureC19α-SmRα-Samarium structure
(ABCBCACAB Barlow packing)C21TiO2PbcaBrookite structureC22Fe2P (incorrectly)P321C23PbCl2PnmaCotunnite structureC24HgBr2Cmc21Mercury(II) bromide structureC25 -> C28HgCl2PnmaMercury(II) chloride structureC27CdI2P63mcC28HgCl2C29 -> C23SrH2PnmaStrontium hydride structureC30SiO2P41212α–Cristobalite structureC32AlB2P6/mmmAluminium bromide structureC33Bi2Te3RmBismuth telluride structureC34AuTe2C2/mC35CaCl2PnnmCalcium chloride structureC36MgNi2P63/mmcMgNi2 Laves phaseC37Co2SiPnmaC38Cu2SbP4/nmmC39 -> C15C40CrSi2P6222C41 -> C14C42SiS2IbamSilicon disulfide structureC43ZrO2P21/cBaddeleyite structureC44GeS2Fdd2Germanium disulfide structureC46AuTe2Pma2Krennerite structureC47SeO2P42/mbcSelenium dioxide structureC48 -> C11bC49ZrSi2CmcmC50PdCl2Pnnmα-Palladium(II) chloride structureC51 -> C16C53Sr Br2P4/nC54TiSi2FdddTitanium disilicide structureCaMg2NiP6222CbCuMg2FdddCcThSi2I41/amdCePdSn2Aba2CgThC2C2/cChCu2TeP6/mmmCkLiZn2

 D-化合物 
D表示簡式的原子為任意比例組成的化合物。

最初，D1-D10被预留给随机数AB3，D11-D20用于n>3的随机数ABn，D31-D50用于(ABn)2，D51以上用于任意m和n的AmBn。Mehl, Michael J. (2019). "A Brief History of Strukturbericht Symbols and Other Crystallographic Classification Schemes". Journal of Physics: Conference Series. IOP Publishing. 1290 (1): 012016. Bibcode:2019JPhCS1290a2016M. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1290/1/012016. ISSN 1742-6588.
+D compoundsStrukturbericht designationDiagramPrototypeSpace groupDescriptionD02CoAs3ImSkutterudite structureD03BiF3FmmBismuth trifluoride structureD04CrCl3P3112Chromium(III) chloride structureD05BiI3RBismuth(III) iodide structureD06LaF3Pc1Lanthanum trifluoride/Fluocerite structureD09α-ReO3Pmα-Rhenium trioxide structureD011Fe3CPnmaCementite structureD012FeF3RcD014 -> D012AlF3R32Aluminium fluoride structureD015AlCl3C2/mAluminium chloride structureD017BaS3P21mD018Na3AsP63/mmcSodium arsenide structureD019Ni3SnP63/mmcD020Al3NiPnmaD021Cu3PP63cmCopper(I) phosphide structureD022Al3TiI4/mmmD023Al3ZrI4/mmmD024Ni3TiP63/mmcD0aβ-TiCu3PmmnD0c -> D0'cSiU3I4/mcmD0'cIr3SiI4/mcmD0dAsMn3CmcmD0eNi3PID1NH3P213D12SiF4I3mSilicon tetrafluoride structureD13Al4BaI4/mmmD1aNi4MoI4/mD1bAl4UImmaD1cPtSn4Aba2D1dPb4PtP4/nbmD1eB4ThP4/mbmB4Th structureD1f -> CbMn4BD1gB4CD2 -> D02D21CaB6PmmCalcium hexaboride structureD23NaZn13FmcD2bMn12ThI4/mmmD2cMnU6I4/mcmD2dCaCu5P6/mmmD2eBaHg11PmD2fUB12FmmD2gFe8NI4/mmmmD2hAl6MnCmcmD31Hg2Cl2I4/mmmCalomel structureD51Al2O3RcCorrundum structureD52La2O3Pm1D53Mn2O3IaManganese(III) oxide/Bixbyite structureD54Sb2O3FdmD55Ag2O3PnmD58Sb2S3PnmaAntimony trisulfide/Stibnite structureD59Zn3Pt2P42/nmcD510Cr3C2PnmaD511Sb2O3PccnAntimony trioxide/Valentinite structureD512β–Bi2O3D513Al3Ni2PmaD5aSi2U3P4/mbmD5bPt2Sn3P63/mmcD5cPu2C3I3dD5eNi3S2R32Nickel subsulfide/Heazlewoodite structureD5fAs2S3P21/nArsenic trisulfide structureD71Al4C3RmAluminium carbide structureD72Co3S4FdmD73Th3P4I3dTh3P4 structureD7a𝛿-Ni3Sn4D7bTa3B4ImmmD81Fe3Zn10I3mD82Cu5Zn8I3mGamma brass structureD83Cu9Al4P3mD84Cr23C6FmmCr<sub id="mwB_U">23</sub>C<sub id="mwB_Y">6</sub> crystal structure/Chromium(II) carbide structureD85Fe7W6RmD86Cu15Si4I3dD88Mn5Si3P63/mcmD89Co9S8FmmD810Cr5Al8R3mD811Co2Al5P63/mmcD8aMn23Th6,Cu16Mg6Si7 
(G-phase)FmmD8bσ-CrFeP42/mnmD8cMg2Zn11PmD8dCo2Al9P21/cD8eMg32(Al,Zn)49ImD8fGe7Ir3ImmD8gGa2Mg5IbamD8hW2B5P63/mmcD8iMo2B5RmD8kTh7S12P63/mD8lCr5B4I4/mcmD8mW5Si3I4/mcmD101C3Cr7PnmaD102Fe3Th7P63mcD31 -> D31D51 -> D51D52 -> D52D61 -> D61D81 -> D81D82 -> D82D83 -> D83

 E 到 K 化合物 
E和K间的字母表示更复杂的化合物。
+E through K compoundsStrukturbericht designationDiagramPrototypeSpace groupDescriptionE01PbFClP4/nmmMatlockite structureE03CdOHClP63mcE05FeOClIron oxychloride structureE07FeAsSP21/cE11CuFeS2I2dChalcopyrite structureE1aMgCuAl2CmcmE1bAgAuTe4P2/cSylvanite structureE21CaTiO3PmmPerovskite structureE22FeTiO3RIlmenite structureE24NH4CdC13PnmaE3CdAl2S4IE33FeSb2S4PnamBerthierite structureE81Eu2Ir2O7FdmE91Ca3Al2O6PmmE93Fe3W3CFdmE94Al5C3NP63mcE9aAl7Cu2FeP4/mncE9bAl8FeMg3Si6P2mE9cMn3Al9SiP63/mmcE9dAlLi3N2IaE9eCuFe2S3PnmaCubanite structureF01NiSSbP213Ullmannite structureF02COSR3mCarbonyl sulfide structureF51CrNaS2RmF52KN3I4/mcmF54NH4O2ClP21mF56CuSbS2PnmaChalcostibite structureF59KCNSPbcmF510KAg(CN)2P1cF513KBO2RcF5aFeKS2C2/cF51 -> F51F52 -> F52F61 -> E11G01CaCO3RcCalcite structureG02CaCO3PmcnAragonite structureG06KClO3P21/mG3NaClO3P213Sodium chlorate structureG32Na2SO3PSodium sulfite structureG4 -> E22G5 -> E21G71CeCO3FP2cBastnäsite structureH01CaSO4CmcmAnhydrite structureH02BaSO4PnmaBaryte structureH03 -> S11H05KClO4PnmaPotassium perchlorate structureH07BPO4IH1 -> H01H11Al2MgO4FdmSpinel structureH12 -> S12H13 -> S13H15K2PtC14P4/mmmmH16β-K2SO4PnmaH2 -> H02H21Ag3PO4P3nSilver phosphate structureH24Cu3S4VP3mH25AsCu3S4Pmn21Enargite structureH26Cu2FeS4SnI2mStannite structureH3 -> S11H31 -> S14H4CaWO4I41/aScheelite structureH57Ca5(PO4)3F,Cl,OHP63/mApatite structureH11 -> H11H12 -> S12H13 -> S13H15 -> H15H31 -> S14H61 -> J11I11 -> J11I113 -> J113J11K2PtCl6FmmJ113K2GeF6Pm1K01K2S2O5P21/mK11KSO3P321K12CsSO3P63mcK31Cs3CoC15I4/mcmK41NH4SO4P21/c

 L-化合物 
L表示金属互化物。
+L化合物结构名称图表原型空间群描述L1 0铜金P4/毫米L1 1铂米L1 2铜<sub id="mwC_U">3</sub>金下午米Cu 3 Au结构L1 3 CdPt 3厘米L1一第3 段 L2 1铝铜2 Mn 米赫斯勒化合物L2 2 SB 2 Tl 7我米L2一𝛿-CuTi P4/毫米L6 0铜钛3 P4/毫米L'1 Fe 4 N下午米L'1 2铝3C钙钛矿结构L'2 2 I4/毫米L'2 b 2 I4/毫米L'3 -> B8 1 Fe 2 NL'3 2 β-V 2 N P  1m L6 0钛3铜P4/毫米L10 -> L1 0  L'10 -> L'1  L11 -> L1 1  L12 -> L1 2  L13 -> L1 3  L20 -> B2  L'20 -> L'2  L21 -> L2 1  L22 -> L2 2 

 S类化合物 
+ S类化合物 标记 结构 原型 空间群 注释S11ZrSiO4I41/amd锆石结构S12100pxMg2SiO4Pnma镁橄榄石结构S13100pxBe2SiO4R硅铍石结构S14Al2Ca3Si3O12Iad石榴石结构S21Sc2Si2O7C2/m结构S31Be3Al2Si6O18P6/mcc绿柱石结构S32BaSi4O9Pc2S53Ca2MgSi2O7P21m结构S6NaAlSi2O6H2OI3dS62Na8Al6Si6O24Cl2P3n

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