雅各布·史密斯

雅各布·赫德·史密斯（，），是美国陆军将军，因为美菲战争中对萨马岛的报复屠戮而臭名昭著，后来受到军事法庭的审判，于1902年确定罪行，结束自己在美国军队中的职业生涯。為了報復巴蘭吉加戰役的死傷，史密斯下令殺死所有在萨马岛、十歲以上的菲律賓男人。Miller p. 220; PBS documentary "Crucible of Empire" ; Ten days after President McKinley's death, the residents of Balangiga, a tiny village 400 miles southeast of Manila, attacked the local U.S. garrison. While U.S. soldiers ate breakfast, the church bells rang a signal. Filipinos brandishing machetes emerged from their hiding places.  Forty-eight Americans, two-thirds of the garrison, were butchered, in what is called the Balangiga massacre. On the orders of General Jacob H. Smith, U.S. troops retaliated against the entire island of Samar where Balangiga is located. The exchange is known because of two courts-martial: one of Waller, who was later court-martialed for ordering or allowing the execution of a dozen Filipino bearers, and the other of Gen. Jacob H. Smith, who was actually court-martialed for giving that order. The jury is out to the extent that order was carried out, because Littleton Waller actually countermanded it to his own men and said "Captain David Porter, I've had instructions to kill everyone over ten years old. But we are not making war on women and children, only on men capable of bearing arms. Keep that in mind no matter what other orders you receive." Undoubtedly, some men did commit atrocities regardless of Waller's commands.他因這一事件受到軍事法庭的審判，菲律賓歷史學家認為死亡數字約為5萬人。Fritz, David L, Before "The Howling Wilderness": The Military Career of Jacob Heard Smith, Military Affairs, November–December (1979), p. 186

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Category:美國陸軍將領
Category:北軍軍官
Category:俄亥俄州南北戰爭人物
Category:美西戰爭美國軍事人物
Category:美菲戰爭美國軍事人物
Category:受軍法審判的美國陸軍軍人
Category:安葬於阿靈頓國家公墓者