英语不规则动词

英语中有大約 200 個，如果把前缀派生词也计算在内的话，则会更多。在大多数情况下，不规则动词的不规则性体现在过去式和过去分词上。

通常来说，不规则动词的第三人称单数和现在分词的屈折变化（分别是加 -[e]s 或 -ing 后缀）是规则的，但也有一些例外：如动词 be, have, do, go, say 等。有些情态动词则没有部分屈折形态。

英语中的不规则动词包含了日常生活中最常用的动词。英语中的新词（如外来词）往往遵循一般的屈折变化，除非它们的词根是一个不规则动词（如 housesit 遵循和 sit 一样的不规则屈折变化）。

现代英语中的大部分的不规则动词由日耳曼语强变化动词派生而来，这些动词往往通过元音变换来体现屈折形式，比如现代英语中 sing-sang-sung。相对的，规则动词在词尾加 -ed 的屈折变化，则是来源于日耳曼语弱变化动词在词尾加齿音（-t 或 -d）的习惯。

有关动词英语中规则动词变位的信息，可参见英语动词条目。

 列表 
本列表包含185個現代英語中常用的不規則動詞。罕用、僅在方言中使用、現今不再使用、透過給基礎動詞加上前綴形成的動詞（如 unbend、 understand,、mistak等，收錄在第二個表格中）不包含在內。不收錄非限定動詞（如 clad, sodden 等）

以下列表中，加底線的變體代表其為較少使用的變體。

過去式/過去分詞不規則 – 第一表

B
be (am、is、are) – was (were) – been
bear – bore – borne/bore
beat – beat – beaten
begin – began – begun
bend – bent – bent
bet – bet – bet
bid – bade/bid – bidden/bid
bide – bided/bode – bided
bind – bound – bound
bite – bit – bitten
bleed – bled – bled
blend – blended/blent – blended/blent
blow – blew – blown
bless – blest/blessed – blest/blessed
break – broke – broken
breed – bred – bred
bring – brought – brought
build – built – built
burn – burnt/burned – burnt/burned
burst – burst – burst
buy – bought – bought
C
can – could/canned– canned
cast – cast – cast
catch – caught – caught
chide – chided/chid – chided/chid/chidden
choose – chose – chosen
clad – clad/cladded – clad/cladded
cleave – clove/cleft/cleaved – cloven/cleft/cleaved
cling – clung – clung
clothe – clothed/clad – clothed/clad
come – came – come
cost – cost – cost
creep – crept/creeped – crept/creeped
crow – crowed/crew – crowed
cut – cut – cut
D
deal – dealt – dealt
dig – dug – dug
dive – dived/dove – dived/dove
do (does）– did – done
draw – drew – drawn
dream – dreamed/dreamt – dreamed/dreamt
drink – drank – drunk
drive – drove – driven
dwell – dwelt/dwelled – dwelt/dwelled
E
eat – ate – eaten
F
fall – fell – fallen
feed – fed – fed
feel – felt – felt
fight – fought – fought
find – found – found
fit – fit/fitted – fit/fitted
flee – fled – fled
fling – flung – flung
fly – flew – flown
forsake – forsook – forsaken
freeze – froze – frozen
G
get – got – gotten/got
gild – gilded/gilt – gilded/gilt
give – gave – given
go – went – gone
grind – ground – ground
grow – grew – grown
H
hang – hung/hanged – hung/hanged
have (has) – had – had
hear – heard – heard
hew – hewed – hewn/hewed
hide – hid – hidden
hit – hit – hit
hold – held – held
hurt – hurt – hurt
K
keep – kept – kept
kneel – knelt/kneeled – knelt/kneeled
knit – knit/knitted – knit/knitted
know – knew – known
L
lay – laid – laid
lead – led – led
lean – leaned/leant – leaned/leant
leap – leaped/leapt – leaped/leapt
learn – learned/learnt – learned/learnt
leave – left – left
lend – lent – lent
let – let – let
lie – lay/lied – lain/lied
light – lit/lighted – lit/lighted
lose – lost – lost
M
make – made – made
may – might – 缺
mean – meant – meant
meet – met – met
mow – mowed – mowed/mown
P
pay – paid – paid
plead – pleaded/pled – pleaded/pled
prove – proved – proved/proven
put – put – put
Q
quit – quit – quit
R
read（  ）– read（  ）– read（ ）
rend – rent – rent
rid – rid/ridded – rid/ridded
ride – rode – ridden
ring – rang – rung
rise – rose – risen
run – ran – run
S
saw – sawed – sawn/sawed
say (says ) – said – said
see – saw – seen
seek – sought – sought
sell – sold – sold
send – sent – sent
set – set – set
sew – sewed – sewn/sewed
shake – shook – shaken
shall – should – 缺
shear – sheared – shorn/sheared
shed – shed – shed
shine – shone/shined – shone/shined
shit – shat/shit/shitted – shat/shit/shitted
shoe – shoed/shod – shoed/shod
shoot – shot – shot
show – showed – shown/showed
shrink – shrank/shrunk – shrunk
shrive – shrove – shriven
shut – shut – shut
sing – sang – sung
sink – sank – sunk
sit – sat – sat
slay – slew/slayed – slain/slayed
sleep – slept – slept
slide – slid – slid
sling – slung – slung
slink – slunk – slunk
slit – slit – slit
smell – smelled/smelt – smelled/smelt
smite – smote – smitten
sneak – sneaked/snuck – sneaked/snuck
sow – sowed – sown/sowed
speak – spoke – spoken
speed – sped/speeded – sped/speeded
spell – spelled/spelt – spelled/spelt
spend – spent – spent
spill – spilled/spilt – spilled/spilt
spin – spun – spun
spit – spat/spitted/spit – spat/spitted/spit
split – split – split
spoil – spoiled/spoilt – spoiled/spoilt
spread – spread – spread
spring – sprang/sprung – sprung
stay – stayed/staid – stayed/staid
stand – stood – stood
stave – staved/stove – staved/stove
steal – stole – stolen
stick – stuck – stuck
sting – stung – stung
stink – stank – stunk
strew – strewed – strewn/strewed
stride – strode – stridden
strike – struck – struck/stricken
string – strung – strung
strive – strove/strived – striven/strived
swear – swore – sworn
sweat – sweated/sweat – sweated/sweat
sweep – swept – swept
swell – swelled – swollen/swelled
swim – swam – swum
swing – swung – swung
T
take – took – taken
teach – taught – taught
tear – tore/teared– torn/teared
tell – told – told
text – texted/text – texted/text
think – thought – thought
thrive – thrived/throve – thrived/thriven
throw – threw – thrown
thrust – thrust – thrust
tread – trod/treaded – trodden/trod/treaded
W
wake – woke – woken
wear – wore – worn
weave – wove/weaved –wove/woven/weaved
wed – wed/wedded – wed/wedded
weep – wept – wept
wet – wet/wetted – wet/wetted
will – would – 缺
win – won – won
wind – wound – wound
wring – wrung – wrung
write – wrote – written
現在式不規則 – 第一表
B
be – am/are/is
D
do – does
H
have – has
S
say ( /se/ ) – says ( /sɛz/ )
下表為標準英語所規範的207個（包含37個派生動詞）個不規則動詞。

過去式/過去分詞不規則 – 第二表

A
a：
arise – arose – arisen
awake – awoke – awoken
B
be：
become – became – become
befall – befell – befallen
beget – begot – begotten
behold – beheld – beheld
beset – beset – beset
be (am、is、are) – was (were) – been
bear – bore – borne
beat – beat – beaten
begin – began – begun
bend – bent – bent
beseech – besought – besought
bet – bet – bet
beware – 缺 – 缺
bid – bid – bid
bind – bound – bound
bite – bit – bitten
bleed – bled – bled
blow – blew – blown
break – broke – broken
breed – bred – bred
bring – brought – brought
build – built – built
burst – burst – burst
buy – bought – bought
C
can – could/canned– canned
cast – cast – cast
catch – caught – caught
chide – chided – chidden
choose – chose – chosen
cleave – clove/cleaved – cloven/cleaved
cling – clung – clung
come – came – come
cost – cost – cost
creep – crept – crept
cut – cut – cut
D
dare – 缺 – 缺
deal – dealt – dealt
dig – dug – dug
do (does）– did – done
draw – drew – drawn
drink – drank – drunk
drive – drove – driven
dwell – dwelt – dwelt
E
eat – ate – eaten
F
for(e)：
forbear – forbore – forborne
foretell – foretold – foretold
forgo – forwent – forgone
foresee – forsaw – forseen
foreshow – foreshowed – foreshown
fall – fell – fallen
feed – fed – fed
feel – felt – felt
fight – fought – fought
find – found – found
flee – fled – fled
fling – flung – flung
fly – flew – flown
forsake – forsook – forsaken
freeze – froze – frozen
G
get – got – got
give – gave – given
gird – girded – girt/girded
go – went – gone
grind – ground – ground
grow – grew – grown
H
hang – hung – hung
have (has) – had – had
hear – heard – heard
hew – hewed – hewn
hide – hid – hidden
hit – hit – hit
hold – held – held
hurt – hurt – hurt
I
in：
inlay – inlaid – inlaid
input – input – input
inter：
interlay – interlaid – interlaid
interweave – interwove – interwoven
K
keep – kept – kept
kneel – knelt – knelt
know – knew – known
L
lade – laded – laden
lay – laid – laid
lead – led – led
leave – left – left
lend – lent – lent
let – let – let
lie – lay – lain
light – lit – lit
lose – lost – lost
M
mis： 
mislead – misled – misled
misspeak – misspoke – misspoken
mistake – mistook – mistaken
misunderstand – misunderstood – misunderstood
make – made – made
may – might – 缺
mean – meant – meant
meet – met – met
mow – mowed – mown
must – 缺 – 缺
O
off：
offset – offset – offset
over： 
overbid – overbid – overbid
overdo – overdid – overdone
ought – 缺 – 缺
owe – ought/owed – owed
P
pre：
prepay – prepaid – prepaid
preset – preset – preset
pay – paid – paid
prove – proved – proven
put – put – put
Q
quit – quit – quit
R
re： 
redo – redid – redone
remake – remade – remade
rewrite – rewrote – rewritten
read（  ）– read（  ）– read（ ）
rend – rent – rent
rid – rid – rid
ride – rode – ridden
ring – rang – rung
rise – rose – risen
rive – rived – rived/riven
run – ran – run
S
saw – sawed – sawn
say (says ) – said – said
see – saw – seen
seek – sought – sought
sell – sold – sold
send – sent – sent
set – set – set
sew – sewed – sewn
shake – shook – shaken
shall – should – 缺
shear – sheared – shorn
shed – shed – shed
shine – shone – shone
shoe – shod – shod
shoot – shot – shot
show – showed – shown
shrink – shrank – shrunk
shrive – shrove – shriven
shut – shut – shut
sing – sang – sung
sink – sank – sunk
sit – sat – sat
slay – slew – slain
sleep – slept – slept
slide – slid – slid
sling – slung – slung
slink – slunk – slunk
slit – slit – slit
smell – smelt – smelt
smite – smote – smitten
sow – sowed – sown
speak – spoke – spoken
speed – sped – sped
spend – spent – spent
spill – spilt – spilt
spin – spun – spun
spit – spat/spitted – spat/spitted
split – split – split
spoil – spoilt – spoilt
spread – spread – spread
spring – sprang – sprung
stand – stood – stood
stave – staved/stove – staved/stove
steal – stole – stolen
stick – stuck – stuck
sting – stung – stung
stink – stank – stunk
strew – strewed – strewn
stride – strode – stridden
strike – struck – struck
string – strung – strung
strive – strove – striven
swear – swore – sworn
sweep – swept – swept
swell – swelled – swollen
swim – swam – swum
swing – swung – swung
T
take – took – taken
teach – taught – taught
tear – tore– torn
tell – told – told
think – thought – thought
thrive – thrived – thriven
throw – threw – thrown
thrust – thrust – thrust
tread – trod – trodden
U
un:： 
unbend – unbent – unbent
unweave – unwove – unwoven
under：
underlie – underlay – underlain
understand – understood – understood
undertake – undertook – undertook 
up： 
upset – upset – upset
W
with： 
withdraw – withdrew – withdrawn
withhold – withheld – withheld 
withstand – withstood – withstood
wake – woke – woken
wear – wore – worn
weave – wove/weaved – woven/weaved
wed – wed – wed
weep – wept – wept
wet – wet – wet
will – would – 缺
win – won – won
wind – wound – wound
wring – wrung – wrung
write – wrote – written
現在式不規則 – 第二表
B
be – am/are/is
D
do – does
H
have – has
S
say ( /se/ ) – says ( /sɛz/ )
英語前35常用動詞整理

下表為英語前35常用動詞是否為不規則動詞的表格整理。
{| class="wikitable" width=35% style="text-align:center; margin:1em auto 1em auto" align="left"
! colspan="2" rowspan="3" |排名
! rowspan="3" |單字
! colspan="2" |是否為
|-
!不規則!!強變化
|-
! colspan="2" |動詞
|-
! colspan="2" |1
!be
| rowspan="12" | 是
| rowspan="6" |否
|-
! colspan="2" |2
!have
|-
! colspan="2" |3
!do
|-
! colspan="2" |4
!say
|-
! colspan="2" |5
!get
|-
! colspan="2" |6
!make
|-
! colspan="2" |7
!go
|混合型
|-
! colspan="2" |8
!kmow
| rowspan="4" |是
|-
! colspan="2" |9
!take
|-
! colspan="2" |10
!see
|-
! colspan="2" |11
!come
|-
! colspan="2" |12
!think
| rowspan="3" |否
|-
! colspan="2" |13
!look
| rowspan="2" |否
|-
! colspan="2" |14
!want
|-
! colspan="2" |15
!give
|是
|是
|-
! colspan="2" |16
!use
|否
| rowspan="13" |否
|-
! colspan="2" |17
!find
| rowspan="2" |是
|-
! colspan="2" |18
!tell
|-
! colspan="2" |19
!ask
| rowspan="3" |否
|-
! colspan="2" |20
!work
|-
! colspan="2" |21
!seem
|-
! colspan="2" |22
!feel
|是
|-
! colspan="2" |23
!try
|否
|-
! colspan="2" |24
!leave
|是
|-
! colspan="2" |25
!call
|否
|-
! colspan="2" |26
!put
| rowspan="4" |是
|-
! colspan="2" |27
!keep
|-
! colspan="2" |28
!let
|-
! colspan="2" |29
!begin
|是
|-
! colspan="2" |30
!help
| rowspan="4" |否
| rowspan="4" |否
|-
! colspan="2" |31
!talk
|-
! colspan="2" |32
!turn
|-
! colspan="2" |33
!Start
|-
! colspan="2" |34
!show
|混合型
| rowspan="2" |是
|-
! colspan="2" |35
!hear
|是
|-
! rowspan="6" |統計
! rowspan="3" |前35
!是
|22
|8
|-
!否
|12
|26
|-
!混合型
|1
|1
|-
! rowspan="3" |前10
!是
|10
|3
|-
!否
|0
|6
|-
!混合型
|0
|1
|} 美式動詞與英式動詞
部分動詞的三態在英式英語與美式英語中存在差異，以下列表整理。
{| class="wikitable" width="35%" style="text-align:center; margin:1em auto 1em auto" align="left"
! rowspan="2" |單字
! colspan="2" |英式
! colspan="2" |美式
! colspan="2" |標準英語(牛津字典)
! rowspan="2" |備註
|-
!過去式
!過去分詞
!過去式
!過去分詞
!過去式
!過去分詞
|-
!get
| colspan="3" | got
|gotten
| colspan="2" |got
|gotten為舊有形式，在英國被淘汰，在美國被持續使用
|-
!learn
| colspan="2" |learnt
| colspan="4" |learned
| rowspan="10" |英式弱化為t，美式又規則化
|-
!burn
| colspan="2" |burnt
| colspan="4" |burned
|-
!spell
| colspan="2" |spelt
| colspan="4" |spelled
|-
!dream
| colspan="2" |dreamt
| colspan="4" |dreamed
|-
!smell
| colspan="2" |smelt
| colspan="2" |smelled
| colspan="2" |smelt
|-
!spoil
| colspan="2" |spoilt
| colspan="2" |spoiled
| colspan="2" |spoilt
|-
!spill
| colspan="2" |spilt
| colspan="2" |spilled
| colspan="2" |spilt
|-
!lean
| colspan="2" |leant/leaned
| colspan="4" |leaned
|-
!kneel
| colspan="2" |knelt
| colspan="4" |kneeled
|-
!leap
| colspan="2" |leapt
| colspan="4" |leaped
|-
!dive
| colspan="2" |dived
|dove
| colspan="3" |dived
|drive類推
|-
!plead
| colspan="2" |pleaded
| colspan="2" |pled/pleaded
| colspan="2" |pleaded
|美式口語常用pled
|-
!thrive
|throve
|thriven
| colspan="3" |thrived
|thriven
|美式規則化
|-
!fit
| colspan="2" |fit
| colspan="2" |fitted/fit
| colspan="2" |fitted
|美式規則化
|}
強變化動詞和弱變化動詞

不規則動詞中，有些是古英語強變化的遺留，有些是音變的結果，有些是類推形成的，以下列表整理。
{| class="wikitable" width="35%" style="text-align:center; margin:1em auto 1em auto" align="left"
!類型
! colspan="3" |形式
!例子
!備註
|-
! rowspan="11" |弱變化動詞
| rowspan="4" |音變
| colspan="2" | ay – aid – aid
|pay、say、lay
|
|-
| colspan="2" |？– a/ought – a/ought
|teach、catch、beseech、seek、think、buy、bring、fight
|
|-
| colspan="2" |ee? – e?t /–e?t
|feel、keep、sleep、creep、sweep、weep、leap、kneel、leave、flee
|
|-
| colspan="2" |？– (去尾)+t/d – (去尾)+t/d
|burn、learn、dream、spoil、spill、smell、dwell、mean、lose、lend、make、hear、gild、build、bend、lean、leap、gird
|
|-
| colspan="3" |音變
|plead
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |類比影響
| colspan="2" |i – u – u
|dig、sneak、string、stick、sling、sneak
|
|-
| colspan="2" |i – o – i
|dive
|
|-
| colspan="2" |過去分詞+n
|prove、sew、show、strew、saw
|
|-
| colspan="2" |其他
|wend(go過去式)、show
|
|-
| rowspan="4" |音變
| rowspan="4" |無變化動詞
|字尾t
|bet、cut、hit、hurt、let、put、set、shut、cost、cast、fit、quit、split、thrust、slit、knit、shit、text、sweat、wet
|
|-
|字尾d
|bid、clad、shed、wed、spread、rid
|
|-
! rowspan="10" |強變化動詞
|字尾t
|burst、let
|
|-
|字尾d
|shed、read(發音不規則）
|
|-
| colspan="3" |部分變化殘存
|hew、shear、mow、sow、swell
|
|-
| colspan="3" |第一類變化
|ride、write、bite、drive
|
|-
| colspan="3" |第二類變化
|choose、fly、freeze
|
|-
| colspan="3" |第三類變化
|find、bind、drink、swim、sing、spring、wring、ring
|
|-
| colspan="3" |第四類變化
|bear、steal、shear
|
|-
| colspan="3" |第五類變化
|eat、give、sit、speak、tread、bid
|
|-
| colspan="3" |第六類變化
|stand、lade(laden少用)
|
|-
| colspan="3" |第七類變化
|blow、know、fall、hold、tell、sell
|
|}

 引用来源 

 外部链接 
  维基词典：英语不规则动词表

Category:英語語法