漢語圈

漢語圈（），或稱作華語圈或中文圈，是21世紀的新詞，在歐系語言意為「漢語使用人士(者)」、「華語使用人士(者)」或「中文使用人士(者)」（），意指居民能使用至少一種漢語變體的地區，也表示其上的文化或語言。這一詞語在學術界的使用上有些含糊，主要可分為兩類：McDonald, Edward. The '中国通' or the 'Sinophone'? Towards a political economy of Chinese language teaching, School of Asian Studies, University of Auckland, 2010.

 以漢語為官方語言的國家及地區，即狹義上的「華語世界」（）。
 特指漢語為少數語言的地區，即不含中國大陸、香港、澳門、台灣、新加坡、马来西亚。

許多作者以漢語圈世界（）這一詞語指涉分佈於大中華地區之外的海外華人地區；而有些則指涉整個華語世界，等同於華人地區。官話（現代標準漢語）是今日最被廣泛使用的漢語變體，擁有超過10億使用者，約佔世界人口的20%。

現代標準漢語是今日中華人民共和國與中華民國的官方語言、新加坡的官方語言之一，也是聯合國6種官方語言之一。漢語族之一的粵語（廣東話）是香港與澳門的官方語言。在美國、巴西、加拿大、澳大利亞、馬來西亞、菲律賓、泰國、越南、印度尼西亞、模里西斯、秘魯、委內瑞拉等國家或地區都有為數可觀的海外華人人口及社區，多數使用著不同的漢語變體（漢語方言），如廣東話（）、泉漳話（）、福州話（）、潮州話（）等等。

語言學網站《民族語》估計全球33個國家約有漢語使用者11.97億人。依照所使用的不同變體進行細部統計：官話8.48億、吳語7720萬、粵語6220萬、閩南語4680萬、晉語4500萬、湘語3600萬、客家語3010萬、贛語2060萬、閩北語1030萬、閩東語910萬、徽語460萬、閩中語310萬、莆仙語260萬等。

 參見 
 漢語族
 漢語國家和地區列表
 漢字文化圈
 華人世界

 參考資料 

 Academia Sinica (2012), International Conference on "Global Sinophonia" 「全球華語文化」國際研討會. 
 Bachner, Andrea (July 2011), "Review of Jing Tsu's Sound and Script in Chinese Diaspora", Modern Chinese Literature and Culture.
 Barmé, Geremie R. (2005), On New Sinology: Chinese Studies Association of Australia Newsletter 3.
 Cambria Press (2012), Cambria Sinophone World Series , University of Pennsylvania.
 (CNRTL) Centre National de Ressources Textuelles et Lexicales (2012), sinophone , electronic Trésor de la langue française.
 Coulombe, Diane and William L. Roberts (2001), "The French-as-a-second-language learning experience of anglophone and allophone university students," Research on Immigration and Integration in the Metropolis Working Paper Series 01-02, Vancouver Centre of Excellence.
 Keen, Ruth (1988), "Information Is All That Counts: An Introduction to Chinese Women's Writing in German Translation," Modern Chinese Literature 4.2:225–234. .
 Lewis, M. Paul ed. (2009), Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th edition, SIL International.
 Mair, Victor (2012), "Sinophone and Sinosphere ," Language Log.
 McDonald, Edward (2011), "The '中国通' or the 'Sinophone'? Towards a political economy of Chinese language teaching ," China Heritage Quarterly 25.
 Lu, Sheldon Hsiao-peng (2007), "Review of Shih Shu-mei's Visuality and Identity: Sinophone Articulations across the Pacific ," Modern Chinese Literature and Culture.
 Saussy, Haun (2012), "On The Phone ," Printculture.
 Shih, Shu-Mei (2004), "Global Literature and the Technologies of Recognition," PMLA 119.1, 16–30. . .
 Shih, Shu-mei (2005), "Sinophone Articulations Across the Pacific," Ostasiatisches Seminar: Chinese Diasporic and Exile Experience, Universität Zürich.
 Shih, Shu-mei (2007), Visuality and Identity: Sinophone Articulations across the Pacific, University of California Press.
 Shih, Shu-Mei (2010), "Theory, Asia and the Sinophone", Postcolonial Studies 13.4:465–484. 
 Shih, Shu-mei (2011), "The Concept of the Sinophone ," PMLA 126.3, 709–718. . .
 Shih, Shu-mei, Chien-hsin Tsai, and Brian Bernards, eds. (2013), Sinophone Studies: A Critical Reader, Columbia University Press.
 Thornber, Karen (June 2012), Review of Jing Tsu's Sound and Script in Chinese Diaspora, Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, 72.1, 195–202. . .
 Tsu, Jing (2010), Sound and Script in Chinese Diaspora, Harvard University Press.
 Tsu, Jing (2011), "New Area Studies and Languages on the Move", PMLA 126.3, 693–700. . .
 Tsu, Jing (2010), "Epilogue: Sinophone Writings and Chinese Diaspora", in Stephen Owen and Kang-i Sun Chang, eds., Cambridge History of Chinese Literature 704–712.
 Tsu, Jing (2010), "Sinophonics and the Nationalization of Chinese", in Jing Tsu and David Der-wei Wang, eds., Global Chinese Literature: Critical Essays, Brill.
 Tsu, Jing and David Der-wei Wang, eds. (2010), Global Chinese Literature: Critical Essays, Brill.

 外部連結 

 Globalizing Modern Chinese Literature: Sinophone and Diasporic Writings  conference, Harvard University, December 6–8, 2007.

Category:汉语
Category:文化圈