鉛筆魚屬

鉛筆魚屬（學名：），又名小口脂鯉屬（其學名取自希臘語：nanno = 小，stomus = 口），是輻鰭魚綱脂鯉目脂鯉亞目鱂脂鯉科（又稱短嘴脂鯉科）之下的一個屬。「鉛筆魚」這名稱沿於1920年代，是本屬兩個當時已知品種* 單線鉛筆魚 （Nannostomus unifasciatus）及管口鉛筆魚（Nannostomus eques）的別稱，及至1950年代成為了整個屬的名稱"Exotic Aquarium Fishes" by Dr. William T. Innes, Innes Publishing Co, Philadelphia, 1935"Pencilfishes" by William Vorderwinkler, TFH Publications, Neptune, NJ, 1956"Poecilobrycon unifasciatus" by Dr. William T. Innes, "The Aquarium," November 1940. Innes Publishing Co, Philadelphia。由於本屬物種的顏色搶眼，形態獨特，使之成為水族箱的寵兒。

物種
截至2013年4月，本屬物種合共有19種，連同兩種於2011及2013年發現的新物種。茲詳列如下：
 安氏鉛筆魚 Nannostomus anduzei Fernández & S. H. Weitzman, 1987
 貝氏鉛筆魚 Nannostomus beckfordi Günther, 1872 (golden pencilfish)
 雙帶鉛筆魚 Nannostomus bifasciatus Hoedeman, 1954 (two-lined/whiteside pencilfish)
 布氏鉛筆魚 Nannostomus britskii S. H. Weitzman, 1978 (spotstripe pencilfish)
 雙線鉛筆魚 Nannostomus digrammus (Fowler, 1913) (two-stripe pencilfish)
 管口鉛筆魚 Nannostomus eques Steindachner, 1876 (brown pencilfish/diptail)
 埃斯佩氏鉛筆魚 Nannostomus espei (Meinken, 1956) (Espe's/barred pencilfish)
 大鉛筆魚 Nannostomus grandis Zarske, 2011Zarske, A. (2011): Nannostomus grandis spec. nov. – ein neuer Ziersalmler aus Brasilien mit Bemerkungen zu N. beckfordi GÜNTHER, 1872, N. anomalus STEINDACHNER, 1876 und N. aripirangensis MEINKEN, 1931 (Teleostei: Characiformes: Lebiasinidae).  Vertebrate Zoology, 61 (3): 283–298.
 哈氏鉛筆魚 Nannostomus harrisoni (C. H. Eigenmann, 1909) (Harrison's/blackstripe pencilfish)
 亞馬遜河鉛筆魚又可稱光滑铅笔魚 Nannostomus limatus S. H. Weitzman, 1978 (elegant pencilfish)
 短鉛筆魚 Nannostomus marginatus C. H. Eigenmann, 1909 (dwarf pencilfish)
 瑪麗鉛筆魚 Nannostomus marilynae S. H. Weitzman & Cobb, 1975 (Marilyn's/greenstripe pencilfish)
 微鉛筆魚 Nannostomus minimus C. H. Eigenmann, 1909 (least pencilfish)
 紅帶鉛筆魚 Nannostomus mortenthaleri Paepke & Arendt, 2001 (coral-red pencilfish)
 黑三线铅笔魚 Nannostomus nigrotaeniatus Zarske, 2013<ref name=Zarske2013>{{cite journal |last1=Zarske |first1=A. |year=2013 |url=http://www.senckenberg.de/files/content/forschung/publikationen/vertebratezoology/vz63-2/01_vertebrate_zoology_63-2_zarske_preview.pdf |title=Nannostomus nigrotaeniatus spec. nov. – ein neuer Ziersalmler aus Venezuela (Teleostei: Characiformes: Lebiasinidae). |journal=Vertebrate Zoology |volume=63 |issue=2 |pages=125–137 |language=de |access-date=2015-01-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190701120229/http://www.senckenberg.de/files/content/forschung/publikationen/vertebratezoology/vz63-2/01_vertebrate_zoology_63-2_zarske_preview.pdf |archive-date=2019-07-01 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>
 光澤鉛筆魚 Nannostomus nitidus S. H. Weitzman, 1978 (shining pencilfish)
 紅尾鉛筆魚 Nannostomus rubrocaudatus Zarske, 2009
 三帶鉛筆魚 Nannostomus trifasciatus Steindachner, 1876 (three-stripe pencilfish)
 單線鉛筆魚 Nannostomus unifasciatus Steindachner, 1876 (one-line pencilfish)

參考文獻
 Introduction To The Fish Families 2004 . Popular Freshwater Tropical Fish. Accessed on June 24, 2005.

 Innes, Dr William T. EXOTIC AQUARIUM FISHES, 1st edition. Innes Publishing Co. Philadelphia, 1935
 Weitzman, Dr. Stanley H. and Cobb, Dr. J. Stanley, A Revision of the South American Fishes of the Genus Nannostomus, Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, #186. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D.C. 1975.
 Weitzman, Dr. Stanley H. Review of South American Characid Fishes of Subtribe Nannostomina, Proceedings of the United States National Museum, Smithsonian Press. Washington, D.C. 1966
 Weitzman, Dr. Stanley H. Three New Species of Fishes of the Genus Nannostomus from the Brazilian States of Para and Amazonas, Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, #263. Smithsonian Institution Press. Washington, D.C. 1978.

外部連結

 Nelson, Joseph S. (2006). Fishes of the World''. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ISBN 0-471-25031-7

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