熊果屬

熊果屬（学名：Arctostaphylos；;Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607arkto 熊 + staphyle 葡萄）是杜鹃花科下的一个属，为灌木或小種樹植物。

熊果屬包括約60個品種，從緊貼地面的北極圈，到海岸、山上不等，皆為其生活圈子。熊果屬一般不高，不會超過六公尺高，而且皆為常綠植物。

物種
According to Philip V. Wells in The Jepson Manual and other sources, there are two subgenera of Arctostaphylos:
 Subgenus Micrococcus
 Sect. Micrococcus
 Arctostaphylos mendocinoensis Pygmy Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos myrtifolia Ione Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos nissenana Nissenan Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos nummularia Glossyleaf Manzanita
 Subgenus Arctostaphylos, which has 3 sections:
 Sect. Arctostaphylos
 Arctostaphylos alpina Alpine Bearberry
 Arctostaphylos bakeri Baker's Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos densiflora Sonoma Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos edmundsii Little Sur Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos franciscana Franciscan Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos gabrielensis San Gabriel Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos glauca Bigberry Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos hispidula Gasquet Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos hookeri Hooker's Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos insularis Island Manzanitaright|thumb|Common Bearberry Arctostaphylos uva-ursi
 Arctostaphylos klamathensis Klamath Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos manzanita Common Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos mewukka Indian Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos nevadensis Pinemat Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos parryana Parry Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos patula Greenleaf Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos pumila Sandmat Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos pungens Pointleaf Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos rudis Shagbark Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos stanfordiana Stanford's Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry
 Arctostaphylos viscida Sticky Manzanita
 Sect. Foliobracteataright|thumb|A manzanita (Arctostaphylos sp.)
 Arctostaphylos andersonii Santa Cruz Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos auriculata Mount Diablo Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos canescens Hoary Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos catalinae Santa Catalina Island Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos columbiana Hairy Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos confertiflora Santa Rosa Island Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos cruzensis La Cruz Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos glandulosa Eastwood Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos glutinosa Schreiber's Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos hooveri Hoover's Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos imbricata San Bruno Mountain Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos luciana Santa Lucia Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos malloryi Mallory's Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos montaraensis Montara Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos montereyensis Monterey Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos morroensis Morro Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos nortensis Del Norte Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos obispoensis Serpentine Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos osoensis Oso Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos otayensis Otay Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos pajaroensis Pajaro Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos pallida Pallid Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos pechoensis Pecho Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos pilosula La Panzo Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos purissima La Purissima Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos refugioensis Refugio Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos regismontana Kings Mountain Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos silvicola Bonny Doon Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos tomentosa Woolyleaf Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos virgata Bolinas Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos viridissima Whitehair Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos wellsii Wells' Manzanita
 Sect. Pictobracteata
 Arctostaphylos pringlei Pringle Manzanita
 Unassigned
 Arctostaphylos rainbowensis Rainbow Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos gabilanensis Gabilan Manzanita
 Arctostaphylos ohloneana Ohlone Manzanita
Synonyms
Arctostaphylos bicolor is generally considered Xylococcus bicolor
Arctostaphylos crustacea is generally considered Arctostaphylos tomentosa ssp. crustacea

See also the closely related genus Comarostaphylis, previously often included in Arctostaphylos.

種植
由於熊果屬植物很容易受到由真菌引起的疾病影響，本屬植物的種植比較困難，通常都只能在多鹽及鹼土上才比較可行。在天氣炎熱時，應避免把水從頭直接淋灑。

 参考文献 
 James C. Hickman. 1993. The Jepson Manual: higher plants of California, University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles, California. .
 C. Michael Hogan. 2012. Arctostaphylos . Eds. M.McGinley and C.J.Cleveland. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment. 
 Treatment from the Jepson Manual 
 Philip V. Wells. 2000. Manzanitas of California, Dept. of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Lawrence, Kansas. .
 Philip V. Wells. 1992. Subgenera and sections of Arctostaphylos. The Four Seasons 9: 64-69.


Category:杜鵑花科
Category:美國原住民傳統藥用植物
Category:北美洲園藝植物
Category:耐旱植物