文蘭 (紐芬蘭)

文蘭是約公元一千年时古挪威人替北美一個地區取的名字。

古挪威人傳奇史詩記載中出現的文蘭，證明了維京人早在哥倫布航行五個世紀之前就已經到達北美洲，此一傳統理論亦為考古學所支持。Jones, Gwyn (1986). The Norse Atlantic Saga: Being the Norse Voyages of Discovery and Settlement to Iceland, Greenland, and North America. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-285160-8.1960年代，考古學家發現了格陵蘭島之外北美惟一一個古挪威人定居點，地點是紐芬蘭島北端，今天加拿大紐芬蘭-拉布拉多省的蘭塞奧茲牧草地。Ingstad, Helge; Ingstad, Anne Stine (2001). The Viking Discovery of America: The Excavation of a Norse Settlement in L'Anse Aux Meadows, Newfoundland. Checkmark Books. ISBN 0-8160-4716-2.這個發現決定性地證明了維京人在哥倫布之前就抵達了北美。最近的考古研究認為此遺址並不全然是古挪威人記錄中的文蘭，而是一個入口，通往一個更大的叫文蘭的地方。

 參見 
 維京人殖民北美
 海盜戰記

 腳注 

 外部連結 

Parks Canada - L'Anse aux Meadows National Historic Site of Canada
Vikings: The north Atlantic saga; Searching for archeological evidence of Vikings in Labrador and Newfoundland  - from The Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History
The Vinland Mystery   - a National Film Board of Canada documentary
"Where is Vinland?", Great Unsolved Mysteries in Canadian History website 
Skálholt Map - in the Royal Library, Copenhagen, Denmark
Full text of Eirik the Red's Saga

Category:欧洲殖民北美洲历史
Category:西方古代史
Category:挪威歷史