山道年

山道年，也称散道宁、蛔蒿素，是从菊科植物蛔蒿的花中提取的一种酮内酯化学物质，可用作驱虫药。过去被美英等国药典列为，在中国也曾用于宝塔糖。现已被效力更强、毒性更低的药物所代替。Modern Drug Encyclopedia and Therapeutic Index, Sixth Edition, Drug Publications Inc, 1955

水解可成为 (C15H20O4)。Base-catalyzed rearrangements Per the Encyclopædia Britannica (1911 edition)Modern botanicals also list Artemisia cina or Levant wormwood as the definitive source; this is also backed up by statements in formularies published in the heyday of santonin use such as King's American Dispensatory.King's American Dispensatory, 1898  (this work is now in the public domain)Botanical.com  (article on Levant Wormseed, primary source of santonin)original source, US Pharmacopoeia, 1898

可能的生物合成
生物合成尚未得到充分阐释。1.	de Kraker,  J.W.; Franssen, M.C.; Dalm M.C.; de Groot, A.; Bouwmeester, H.J.; “Biosynthesis of germacrene A carboxylic acid in chicory roots. Demonstration of a cytochrome P450 (+)-germacrene a hydroxylase and NADP+-dependent sesquiterpenoid dehydrogenase(s) involved in sesquiterpene lactone biosynthesis”. (2001). Plant Physiol. 125(4): 1930-40.Barton, D.H.R.; Moss, G.P.; Whittle, J.A.; “Investigations on the Biosynthesis of Steroids and Terpenoids. Part I. A Preliminary Study of the Biosynthesis of Santonin”. (1968). J. Chem. Soc. 338(8): 1813-18.

药用
可处理蛔虫等线虫感染，对绦虫无效。山道年使虫体麻痹；服药后，还应吃泻药以排出蛔虫。

山道年中毒可造成黄视、绿视。服用之前与之后起码3天不能吃油脂，以免脂溶性的山道年摄入体内。

参考文献

Category:共轭烯酮
Category:Γ-内酯
Category:倍半萜内酯
Category:植物毒素