荷兰市镇列表

荷兰所有的省份的下一级行政区划均为市镇（）。截至2023年1月，荷蘭本土共有342個市镇，另外於荷蘭加勒比區尚有3個「特別市」（正式名稱為公共實體，）。市镇是其所屬省份的下一級行政區劃，意即市镇是荷蘭的第二級行政區劃。荷蘭中央政府將職權下放給市镇，並由市議會（每四年進行一次選舉）治理。荷蘭政府後陸續推行市的合併，大幅減少了市镇的數量，目前大約是自十九世紀中期行政區劃劃定以來的三分之一。市镇又可因行政或統計的需求，被非正式地劃分為「社區」（）和「鄰里」（）等地區。

至2021年1月，荷蘭面積最小的的市鎮是韦斯特福特，面積為，最大的西南菲士蘭面積為。斯希蒙尼克奥赫則是人口最少和密度最低的市鎮，人口數947；人口密度為，也是目前荷蘭唯一人口低於千人的市鎮。阿姆斯特丹擁有872,757位居民，居人口數之冠，而海牙則是人口最稠密的市鎮，其人口密度為。

 市镇的地位 
市镇是荷蘭的第二級行政區劃，也是荷蘭的第三層公共行政單位，次於中央政府和省分。荷蘭是地方分權的單一制國家，中央政府擁有所有政治權力，並依法將職權下放給下級政府。各級政府經由制定工作協議，給予市镇一定程度的自治權。市镇是最貼近人民的政府層級，所負責的公共服務業務十分廣泛，包括、公營住宅、地區道路的管理與維護、廢棄物管理以及社會保障。2010年荷屬安的列斯解體後，形成了三個特別市（正式名稱為公共實體），合稱荷蘭加勒比區，並不隸屬於任何省分。

市镇是由市長與市政委員所組成的（college van burgemeester en wethouders，簡稱college van B&W或B&W），以及（Gemeenteraad，簡稱GR）共同治理。特別市的市議會則被稱為（eilandsraad）。市議會每四年選舉一次，市議會的成員數依所屬市的規模不等，少至九名，多至四十五名成員 。市議會是市的最高行政機構，負責領導公共政策的走向。執行委員會由（burgemeester）和數名市政委員（wethouder）組成，握有市镇的執行權，負責執行政策的立法。市長六年一任，由中央政府指派，而市政委員則是由市議會選舉出來 。市長除了負責維護市的公共秩序，在緊急危難時負有指揮權之外，其餘的治理任務可自由分配給市長和市政委員，因此具體的工作分配也因市而異。

荷蘭在地籍建立後，1832年第一次畫出正式的市镇邊界。1851年荷蘭首相托爾貝克編訂《市镇法》，許多規模較小的市镇被迫併入鄰近規模較大的市镇，或數個小市镇合併為一個新的市镇。市镇的合併又以單一省分內的多個市一次性合併為主，因此市政邊界重繪主要落在這些區域裡。市镇的數量由1850年的1209個，到了2000年銳減為537個；，荷蘭共有352個市镇。最初市镇的合併皆是由中央政府推動，直到二十世紀晚期隨著政策轉變，地方的支持成為合併推動的重要動力，而主因是一般認為合併後市镇的治理能更有效率。

根據舊版《市镇法》，市镇擁有組織並下放職權給次級政府的自治權，但為了簡化政府的科層，這項權力在2013年的《市政法》修正案生效後被終止 。只有阿姆斯特丹（轄下的行政區稱為 stadsdeel）和鹿特丹（轄下的行政區稱為 deelgemeente）仍被正式劃分為數個「行政區」（stadsdeel）。部分人口較多的市鎮如：海牙、阿尔梅勒、布雷达、埃因霍温、恩斯赫德、格羅寧根、奈梅亨和乌得勒支也下轄有「行政區」，但是不具有法定次級市政機構的地位。為了方便市政和荷蘭中央統計局數據收集，所有市镇都再被劃分為「社區」（wijk）和「鄰里」（buurt），但社區和鄰里都不具有正式地位。，整個荷蘭被劃分為3,070個社區以及13,208個鄰里。

 市镇列表 
 市鎮名稱的市鎮 市政代碼的市代碼（CBS code） 所屬省份 人口數的人口數 人口密度的人口密度 面積的面積 地圖上的所在位置1680150px|alt=Location of Aa en Hunze0358150px|alt=Location of Aalsmeer0197150px|alt=Location of Aalten0059150px|alt=Location of Achtkarspelen0482150px|alt=Location of Alblasserdam0613150px|alt=Location of Albrandswaard0361150px|alt=Location of Alkmaar0141150px|alt=Location of Almelo0034150px|alt=Location of Almere0484150px|alt=Location of Alphen aan den Rijn1723150px|alt=Location of Alphen-Chaam1959150px|alt=Location of Altena0060150px|alt=Location of Ameland0307150px|alt=Location of Amersfoort0362150px|alt=Location of Amstelveen0363150px|alt=Location of Amsterdam0200150px|alt=Location of Apeldoorn0202150px|alt=Location of Arnhem0106150px|alt=Location of Assen0743150px|alt=Location of Asten0744150px|alt=Location of Baarle-Nassau0308150px|alt=Location of Baarn0489150px|alt=Location of Barendrecht0203150px|alt=Location of Barneveld0888150px|alt=Location of Beek1954150px|alt=Location of Beekdaelen0370150px|alt=Location of Beemster0889150px|alt=Location of Beesel1945150px|alt=Location of Berg en Dal1724150px|alt=Location of Bergeijk0893150px|alt=Location of Bergen, Limburg0373150px|alt=Location of Bergen, North Holland0748150px|alt=Location of Bergen op Zoom1859150px|alt=Location of Berkelland1721150px|alt=Location of Bernheze0753150px|alt=Location of Best0209150px|alt=Location of Beuningen0375150px|alt=Location of Beverwijk1728150px|alt=Location of Bladel0376150px|alt=Location of Blaricum0377150px|alt=Location of Bloemendaal1901150px|alt=Location of Bodegraven-Reeuwijk0755150px|alt=Location of Boekel1681150px|alt=Location of Borger-Odoorn0147150px|alt=Location of Borne0654150px|alt=Location of Borsele0756150px|alt=Location of Boxmeer07572021年1月1日，原市鎮哈倫被拆分，分別併入博克斯特爾、奧斯特韋克、蒂爾堡及菲赫特；此處資料為合併前之數據。}150px|alt=Location of Boxtel0758150px|alt=Location of Breda0501150px|alt=Location of Brielle1876150px|alt=Location of Bronckhorst0213150px|alt=Location of Brummen0899150px|alt=Location of Brunssum0312150px|alt=Location of Bunnik0313150px|alt=Location of Bunschoten0214150px|alt=Location of Buren0502150px|alt=Location of Capelle aan den IJssel0383150px|alt=Location of Castricum0109150px|alt=Location of Coevorden1706150px|alt=Location of Cranendonck1684150px|alt=Location of Cuijk0216150px|alt=Location of Culemborg0148150px|alt=Location of Dalfsen1891150px|alt=Location of Dantumadiel0310150px|alt=Location of De Bilt1940150px|alt=Location of De Fryske Marren0736150px|alt=Location of De Ronde Venen1690150px|alt=Location of De Wolden0518150px|alt=Location of Den Haag0503150px|alt=Location of Delft0400150px|alt=Location of Den Helder0762150px|alt=Location of Deurne0150150px|alt=Location of Deventer0384150px|alt=Location of Diemen1774150px|alt=Location of Dinkelland0221150px|alt=Location of Doesburg0222150px|alt=Location of Doetinchem0766150px|alt=Location of Dongen0505150px|alt=Location of Dordrecht0498150px|alt=Location of Drechterland1719150px|alt=Location of Drimmelen0303150px|alt=Location of Dronten0225150px|alt=Location of Druten0226150px|alt=Location of Duiven1711150px|alt=Location of Echt-Susteren0385150px|alt=Location of Edam-Volendam0228150px|alt=Location of Ede0317150px|alt=Location of Eemnes1979於2021年1月1日成立，由阿平厄丹、代尔夫宰尔、洛珀瑟姆合併而成。150px|alt=Location of Eemsdelta0770150px|alt=Location of Eersel1903150px|alt=Location of Eijsden-Margraten0772150px|alt=Location of Eindhoven0230150px|alt=Location of Elburg0114150px|alt=Location of Emmen0388150px|alt=Location of Enkhuizen0153150px|alt=Location of Enschede0232150px|alt=Location of Epe0233150px|alt=Location of Ermelo0777150px|alt=Location of Etten-Leur0779150px|alt=Location of Geertruidenberg1771150px|alt=Location of Geldrop-Mierlo1652150px|alt=Location of Gemert-Bakel0907150px|alt=Location of Gennep0784150px|alt=Location of Gilze en Rijen1924150px|alt=Location of Goeree-Overflakkee0664150px|alt=Location of Goes0785150px|alt=Location of Goirle1942150px|alt=Location of Gooise Meren0512150px|alt=Location of Gorinchem0513150px|alt=Location of Gouda0786150px|alt=Location of Grave0014150px|alt=Location of Groningen1729150px|alt=Location of Gulpen-Wittem0158150px|alt=Location of Haaksbergen0392150px|alt=Location of Haarlem0394150px|alt=Location of Haarlemmermeer1655150px|alt=Location of Halderberge0160150px|alt=Location of Hardenberg0243150px|alt=Location of Harderwijk0523150px|alt=Location of Hardinxveld-Giessendam0072150px|alt=Location of Harlingen0244150px|alt=Location of Hattem0396150px|alt=Location of Heemskerk0397150px|alt=Location of Heemstede0246150px|alt=Location of Heerde0074150px|alt=Location of Heerenveen0398150px|alt=Location of Heerhugowaard0917150px|alt=Location of Heerlen1658150px|alt=Location of Heeze-Leende0399150px|alt=Location of Heiloo0163150px|alt=Location of Hellendoorn0530150px|alt=Location of Hellevoetsluis0794150px|alt=Location of Helmond0531150px|alt=Location of Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht0164150px|alt=Location of Hengelo0796150px|alt=Location of 's-Hertogenbosch1966150px|alt=Location of Het Hogeland0252150px|alt=Location of Heumen0797150px|alt=Location of Heusden0534150px|alt=Location of Hillegom0798150px|alt=Location of Hilvarenbeek0402150px|alt=Location of Hilversum1963150px|alt=Location of Hoeksche Waard1735150px|alt=Location of Hof van Twente1911150px|alt=Location of Hollands Kroon0118150px|alt=Location of Hoogeveen0405150px|alt=Location of Hoorn1507150px|alt=Location of Horst aan de Maas0321150px|alt=Location of Houten0406150px|alt=Location of Huizen0677150px|alt=Location of Hulst0353150px|alt=Location of IJsselstein1884150px|alt=Location of Kaag en Braassem0166150px|alt=Location of Kampen0678150px|alt=Location of Kapelle0537150px|alt=Location of Katwijk0928150px|alt=Location of Kerkrade1598150px|alt=Location of Koggenland0542150px|alt=Location of Krimpen aan den IJssel1931150px|alt=Location of Krimpenerwaard1659150px|alt=Location of Laarbeek1685150px|alt=Location of Landerd0882150px|alt=Location of Landgraaf0415150px|alt=Location of Landsmeer0416150px|alt=Location of Langedijk1621150px|alt=Location of Lansingerland0417150px|alt=Location of Laren0080150px|alt=Location of Leeuwarden0546150px|alt=Location of Leiden0547150px|alt=Location of Leiderdorp1916150px|alt=Location of Leidschendam-Voorburg0995150px|alt=Location of Lelystad1640150px|alt=Location of Leudal0327150px|alt=Location of Leusden1705150px|alt=Location of Lingewaard0553150px|alt=Location of Lisse0262150px|alt=Location of Lochem0809150px|alt=Location of Loon op Zand0331150px|alt=Location of Lopik0168150px|alt=Location of Losser0263150px|alt=Location of Maasdriel1641150px|alt=Location of Maasgouw0556150px|alt=Location of Maassluis0935150px|alt=Location of Maastricht0420150px|alt=Location of Medemblik0938150px|alt=Location of Meerssen1948150px|alt=Location of Meierijstad0119150px|alt=Location of Meppel0687150px|alt=Location of Middelburg1842150px|alt=Location of Midden-Delfland1731150px|alt=Location of Midden-Drenthe1952150px|alt=Location of Midden-Groningen0815150px|alt=Location of Mill en Sint Hubert1709150px|alt=Location of Moerdijk1978150px|alt=Location of Molenlanden1955150px|alt=Location of Montferland0335150px|alt=Location of Montfoort0944150px|alt=Location of Mook en Middelaar1740150px|alt=Location of Neder-Betuwe0946150px|alt=Location of Nederweert0356150px|alt=Location of Nieuwegein0569150px|alt=Location of Nieuwkoop0267150px|alt=Location of Nijkerk0268150px|alt=Location of Nijmegen1930150px|alt=Location of Nissewaard1970150px|alt=Location of Noardeast-Fryslân1695150px|alt=Location of Noord-Beveland1699150px|alt=Location of Noordenveld0171150px|alt=Location of Noordoostpolder0575150px|alt=Location of Noordwijk0820150px|alt=Location of Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten0302150px|alt=Location of Nunspeet0579150px|alt=Location of Oegstgeest0823150px|alt=Location of Oirschot0824150px|alt=Location of Oisterwijk1895150px|alt=Location of Oldambt0269150px|alt=Location of Oldebroek0173150px|alt=Location of Oldenzaal1773150px|alt=Location of Olst-Wijhe0175150px|alt=Location of Ommen1586150px|alt=Location of Oost Gelre0826150px|alt=Location of Oosterhout0085150px|alt=Location of Ooststellingwerf0431150px|alt=Location of Oostzaan0432150px|alt=Location of Opmeer0086150px|alt=Location of Opsterland0828150px|alt=Location of Oss1509150px|alt=Location of Oude IJsselstreek0437150px|alt=Location of Ouder-Amstel0589150px|alt=Location of Oudewater1734150px|alt=Location of Overbetuwe0590150px|alt=Location of Papendrecht1894150px|alt=Location of Peel en Maas0765150px|alt=Location of Pekela1926150px|alt=Location of Pijnacker-Nootdorp0439150px|alt=Location of Purmerend0273150px|alt=Location of Putten0177150px|alt=Location of Raalte0703150px|alt=Location of Reimerswaal0274150px|alt=Location of Renkum0339150px|alt=Location of Renswoude1667150px|alt=Location of Reusel-De Mierden0275150px|alt=Location of Rheden0340150px|alt=Location of Rhenen0597150px|alt=Location of Ridderkerk1742150px|alt=Location of Rijssen-Holten0603150px|alt=Location of Rijswijk1669150px|alt=Location of Roerdalen0957150px|alt=Location of Roermond1674150px|alt=Location of Roosendaal0599150px|alt=Location of Rotterdam0277150px|alt=Location of Rozendaal0840150px|alt=Location of Rucphen0441150px|alt=Location of Schagen0279150px|alt=Location of Scherpenzeel0606150px|alt=Location of Schiedam0088150px|alt=Location of Schiermonnikoog1676150px|alt=Location of Schouwen-Duiveland0965150px|alt=Location of Simpelveld1702150px|alt=Location of Sint Anthonis0845150px|alt=Location of Sint-Michielsgestel1883150px|alt=Location of Sittard-Geleen0610150px|alt=Location of Sliedrecht1714150px|alt=Location of Sluis0090150px|alt=Location of Smallingerland0342150px|alt=Location of Soest0847150px|alt=Location of Someren0848150px|alt=Location of Son en Breugel0037150px|alt=Location of Stadskanaal0180150px|alt=Location of Staphorst0532150px|alt=Location of Stede Broec0851150px|alt=Location of Steenbergen1708150px|alt=Location of Steenwijkerland0971150px|alt=Location of Stein1904150px|alt=Location of Stichtse Vecht1900150px|alt=Location of Súdwest-Fryslân0715150px|alt=Location of Terneuzen0093150px|alt=Location of Terschelling0448150px|alt=Location of Texel1525150px|alt=Location of Teylingen0716150px|alt=Location of Tholen0281150px|alt=Location of Tiel0855150px|alt=Location of Tilburg0183150px|alt=Location of Tubbergen1700150px|alt=Location of Twenterand1730150px|alt=Location of Tynaarlo0737150px|alt=Location of Tytsjerksteradiel0856150px|alt=Location of Uden0450150px|alt=Location of Uitgeest0451150px|alt=Location of Uithoorn0184150px|alt=Location of Urk0344150px|alt=Location of Utrecht1581150px|alt=Location of Utrechtse Heuvelrug0981150px|alt=Location of Vaals0994150px|alt=Location of Valkenburg aan de Geul0858150px|alt=Location of Valkenswaard0047150px|alt=Location of Veendam0345150px|alt=Location of Veenendaal0717150px|alt=Location of Veere0861150px|alt=Location of Veldhoven0453150px|alt=Location of Velsen0983150px|alt=Location of Venlo0984150px|alt=Location of Venray1961150px|alt=Location of Vijfheerenlanden0622150px|alt=Location of Vlaardingen0096150px|alt=Location of Vlieland0718150px|alt=Location of Vlissingen0986150px|alt=Location of Voerendaal0626150px|alt=Location of Voorschoten0285150px|alt=Location of Voorst0865150px|alt=Location of Vught1949150px|alt=Location of Waadhoeke0866150px|alt=Location of Waalre0867150px|alt=Location of Waalwijk0627150px|alt=Location of Waddinxveen0289150px|alt=Location of Wageningen0629150px|alt=Location of Wassenaar0852150px|alt=Location of Waterland0988150px|alt=Location of Weert0457150px|alt=Location of Weesp1960150px|alt=Location of West Betuwe0668150px|alt=Location of West Maas en Waal1969150px|alt=Location of Westerkwartier1701150px|alt=Location of Westerveld0293150px|alt=Location of Westervoort1950150px|alt=Location of Westerwolde1783150px|alt=Location of Westland0098150px|alt=Location of Weststellingwerf0614150px|alt=Location of Westvoorne0189150px|alt=Location of Wierden0296150px|alt=Location of Wijchen1696150px|alt=Location of Wijdemeren0352150px|alt=Location of Wijk bij Duurstede0294150px|alt=Location of Winterswijk0873150px|alt=Location of Woensdrecht0632150px|alt=Location of Woerden0880150px|alt=Location of Wormerland0351150px|alt=Location of Woudenberg0479150px|alt=Location of Zaanstad0297150px|alt=Location of Zaltbommel0473150px|alt=Location of Zandvoort0050150px|alt=Location of Zeewolde0355150px|alt=Location of Zeist0299150px|alt=Location of Zevenaar0637150px|alt=Location of Zoetermeer0638150px|alt=Location of Zoeterwoude1892150px|alt=Location of Zuidplas0879150px|alt=Location of Zundert0301150px|alt=Location of Zutphen1896150px|alt=Location of Zwartewaterland0642150px|alt=Location of Zwijndrecht0193150px|alt=Location of Zwolle

 特別市（公共實體） 

名稱首府人口的人口數人口密度面積的面積地圖上的所在位置博奈尔克拉伦代克150px|alt=Location of Bonaire荷屬沙巴博托姆150px|alt=Location of Saba圣尤斯特歇斯奥拉涅斯塔德150px|alt=Location of Sint Eustatius

 各省份的市鎮數量 

 省份 市鎮數量（2021年1月） 市鎮平均面積（km2）四捨五入至小數第一位 市鎮平均人口（2020年） 格羅寧根省 10 296.0 58,586.6 菲士蘭省 18 319.4 36,108.7 德倫特省 12 223.3 41,140.2 上愛塞省 25 136.8 46,496.2 夫利佛蘭省 6 402.0 70,503.5 海爾德蘭省 51 100.7 40,901.0 烏特勒支省 26 60.0 59,032.0 北荷蘭省 47 87.1 61,266.5 南荷蘭省 52 63.6 71,321.0 澤蘭省 13 225.6 29,499.0 北布拉邦省 61 83.3 42,015.7 林堡省 31 71.3 36,038.7 總計 352 118.0 49,453.3

 參見 
 荷蘭市鎮政治


 註腳 

 參考文獻 

 外部連結 

荷蘭政府網站上的市列表

Category:荷兰市镇
Category:荷兰行政区划
Category:荷兰相关列表
Category:城市人口列表