语言类型学

语言类型学（linguistic typology），语言学的分支学科，研究不同语言的特征并通过这些特征而对其进行分类的一個科學。其理念是相信只有经过跨语言的比较研究才能了解人类语言的本质，并不相信通过对于单一语言的深入研究能达到这一目的。

还有学者将其看作是语言学的一个学派，或功能语言学的一部分。与历史比较语言学相比，语言类型学并不关注各种语言的历史渊源及相互间的亲源关系，而只关注于不同语言间的共性特征。

 参考 

參考文獻

 Bisang, W. (2001). Aspects of typology and universals. Berlin: Akademie Verlag. .
 Comrie, B. (1989). Language universals and linguistic typology: Syntax and morphology. Oxford: Blackwell, 2nd edn. .
 Croft, W. (2002). Typology and universals. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. 2nd ed. .
 Cysouw, M. (2005). Quantitative methods in typology. Quantitative linguistics: an international handbook, ed. by Gabriel Altmann, Reinhard Köhler and R. Piotrowski. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. .
 Grijzenhout, J. (2009). Phonological domains : universals and deviations. Berlin ;New York: Mouton de Gruyter. .
 Nichols, J. (1992). Linguistic diversity in space and time. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. .
 Nichols, J. (2007). What, if anything, is typology? Linguistic Typology. Volume 11, Issue 1, Pages 231–238, ISSN (Online) 1613-415X, ISSN (Print) 1430-0532, , July 2007
 Song, J.J. (2001). Linguistic typology: Morphology and syntax. Harlow and London: Pearson Education (Longman). .
 Song, J.J. (ed.) (2011). The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Typology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. .
 Whaley, L.J. (1997). Introduction to typology: The unity and diversity of language. Newbury Park: Sage. .

 外部連結 

 Association for Linguistic Typology
 Plank, F. Themes in Typology: Basic Reading List. 
 Bickel, B. (2001). What is typology? - a short note. </small>
 Bickel, B. (2005). Typology in the 21st century: major developments. </small>
  , chapter 9 of Halvor Eifring & Rolf Theil: Linguistics for Students of Asian and African Languages
 World Atlas of Language Structures


Category:语言对比