擲硬幣

擲硬幣、擲銅板是一種把硬幣彈到空中，透過它落下來後所顯示的結果（落下來後是正面向上還是反面向上），來解決事情的一種方法。

硬币有两面，是一个天然的二进制系统，利用掷硬币人们可以得到一组随机的二进制数字，有些人會把它作为做判断的參考，例如球賽由哪一方先發球，或先選哪半邊場作賽。 罕見地，硬幣會立起來。

外部連結
Heads or Tails?  (A discussion of the predictability of a coin toss; with references)
The Not So Random Coin Toss  (Brief blurb about Persi Diaconis' work, with a photograph of the coin-tossing machine)
Dynamical Bias in the Coin Toss  (by Persi Diaconis, Susan Holmes, and Richard Montgomery; very detailed)
Whether divination by drawing lots is unlawful? (From the Summa Theologiae of Thomas Aquinas)
The Casting of Lots (Discussion of making decisions by chance outcomes throughout history)
Coin Tossing — mathworld.com  (Contains information about counterintuitive properties of coin tossing)
Persi Diaconis' website — including the paper Dynamical Bias in the Coin Toss PDF
Random.org: flip a virtual coin 
Flip-Coin.com: Simple web app to flip a virtual coin
Leads in Coin Tossing  by Fiona Maclachlan, The Wolfram Demonstrations Project.

Category:硬幣
Category:隨機性
Category:遊戲