尾鳳蝶屬

尾鳳蝶屬（學名：Bhutanitis）是絹蝶亞科鋸鳳蝶族中的一個屬，包含了4個物種，分佈於東洋界與古北界交界處，包括印度北部、中國西南部及泰北一帶。成蟲棲息於中高海拔山地林緣，雄蝶常在開闊地面上空盤旋，雌蝶多見於寄主及蜜源附近。兩性均訪花，偶見雄蝶吸水。幼蟲取食有毒性的馬兜鈴科馬兜鈴屬植物。

中大型鳳蝶。體黑色被疏毛，腹面密被黃色鱗毛。頭小，複眼裸露或被毛，觸角短，末端膨大不明顯。翅狹長，前翅外緣平直或微弧形，後翅外緣波齒狀，具2至4枚尾突。無兩性二型。

 保護 
所有物種都受到保護，包括：
 瀕危野生動植物種國際貿易公約（CITES）II 級瀕危野生動物的保護，其貿易受到限制
 中國國家林業局令國家保護的有益的或者有重要經濟、科學研究價值的陸生野生動物名錄
 國際自然保護聯盟瀕危物種紅色名錄（IUCN3.1），包括：
 不丹尾鳳蝶 B. ludlowi（瀕危物種）Fernando, E., Jangid, A.K., Kehimkar, I. & Kunte, K. 2020. Bhutanitis ludlowi (amended version of 2019 assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T2796A170536676. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T2796A170536676.en. 
 二尾鳳蝶 B. mansfieldi（易危物種）Fernando, E., Hu, S. & Lo, P. 2020. Bhutanitis mansfieldi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T2797A122599264. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T2797A122599264.en. 
 三尾鳳蝶 B. thaidina（近危物種）Li, X. 2019. Bhutanitis thaidina. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T2798A122599287. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T2798A122599287.en. 
 多尾鳳蝶 B. lidderdalii（無危物種）ernando, E., Jangid, A.K., Irungbam, J.S., Kehimkar, I., Kunte, K. & Lo, P. 2020. Bhutanitis lidderdalii (amended version of 2019 assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T121975380A170537293. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T121975380A170537293.en. 

 種系發生 
 上級分類 
尾鳳蝶屬屬於絹蝶亞科中，鋸鳳蝶族中的一個屬級演化支，是鋸鳳蝶屬和絹鳳蝶屬共同演化支的姐妹群，絲帶鳳蝶屬則是以上共同演化支的姐妹群。

 次級分類 
尾鳳蝶屬共有4個物種，以下列出其演化關係：

 圖集 

 參考 

 文獻 
19世紀
 Blanchard, E., 1871. Remarques sur la faune de la principauté thibétaine du Moupin. C.r.hebd. Séanc. Acad. Sci., Paris, 72: 807-813.
 Atkinson, W.S., 1873. Description of a new genus and species of Papilionidae from the south-eastern Himalayas. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1873: 570-572.
 Bryk, 1934. Lepidoptera, Baroniidae, Teinopalpidae, Parnassiidae. Pars I Tierreich 64: 19, 61-62
20世紀
 Collins, N.M., Morris, M.G., 1985. Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red data book. Gland, Switzerland. 401 pp.
 Riley, N.D., 1939. A new species of Armandia (Lep. Papilionidae). Entomologist 72: 207-208.
 Hemming, A.F., 1967. The generic names of the butterflies and their type-species (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera). Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. Ent. Suppl. 9: 509 pp.
 Hiura, I., 1980. A phylogeny of the genera of Parnassiinae based on analysis of wing pattern, with description of a anew genus (Lepiopdtera: Papilionidae). Bulletin of the Osaka Museum of Natural History 33: 71-85.
 Saigusa, T., Lee, C., 1982. A rare papilionid butterfly Bhutanitis mansfieldi (Riley), its rediscovery, new subspecies and phylogenetic position. Tyô to Ga 33: 1-24.
 Lee, C., 1986. First report on the life histories and phylogenetic position of two Chinese Papilionidae, Bhutanitis mansfieldi and B. thaidiana. Yadoriga 126: 17-21.
21世紀
 Coote, L., 2000. CITES identification guide - Butterflies: Guide to the Identification of Butterfly Species Controlled Under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora. Ottawa: Canadian Wildlife Service.
 Igarashi, S., 2003. Life history of Bhutanitis mansfieldi in comparison with those of related species. Butterflies (Publication of the Butterfly Society of Japan), 35:20-39.
 Zhu, L.X., Wu, X.B., Yan, P., 2005. Molecular phylogenetic relationships among four species of Bhutanitis (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) based on partial COI gene sequence. Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica 31: 25-30.
 Nazari, V., Zakharov, E.V., Sperling, F.A.H., 2007. Phylogeny, historical biogeography, and taxonomic ranking of Parnassiinae (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae) based on morphology and seven genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 42: 131-156.

 外部連結 


 Bhutanitis  - ftp.funet.fi 
 Bhutanitis  - Tree of Life Web Project 

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