镝的同位素

镝（原子量：162.500(1)）的同位素中有7個是存在于自然界的穩定同位素，分别是156Dy、158Dy和160Dy至164Dy。自然同位素中豐度最高的是比例為28%的164Dy，緊接著的是比例為26%的162Dy。豐度最低的是比例為0.06%的156Dy。

通過人工合成，科學家共發現了29種放射性同位素，其原子量在138和173之間。最穩定的是154Dy，其半衰期約為1.40年；接著是半衰期為144.4天的159Dy。最不穩定的是138Dy，其半衰期只有200毫秒。比穩定同位素輕的同位素主要進行β+衰變；除個別特例之外，更重的同位素主要進行β−衰變。154Dy主要進行α衰變，152Dy和159Dy則主要進行電子捕獲。鏑擁有至少11種同核異構體（亞穩態），原子量在140和165之間。最穩定的是165mDy，其半衰期為1.257分鐘。149Dy有兩種亞穩態，第二種（149m2Dy）的半衰期只有28納秒。

164Dy是理論上最重的穩定同位素，任何更重的同位素，理論上都會進行α衰變，但是在鉛-208以下，絕大部分的同位素都尚未觀測到此衰變。

圖表

|-
| 138Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 72
| 137.96249(64)#
| 200# ms
|
|
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 139Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 73
| 138.95954(54)#
| 600(200) ms
|
|
| 7/2+#
|
|
|-
| 140Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 74
| 139.95401(54)#
| 700# ms
| 
| 140Tb
| 0+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 140mDy
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2166.1(5) keV
| 7.0(5) µs
|
|
| (8-)
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|141Dy
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 66
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 75
| rowspan=2|140.95135(32)#
| rowspan=2|0.9(2) s
| 
| 141Tb
| rowspan=2|(9/2-)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| ,  （不常見）
| 140Gd
|-
| rowspan=2|142Dy
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 66
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 76
| rowspan=2|141.94637(39)#
| rowspan=2|2.3(3) s
|  (99.94%)
| 142Tb
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| ,  (.06%)
| 141Gd
|-
| rowspan=2|143Dy
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 66
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 77
| rowspan=2|142.94383(21)#
| rowspan=2|5.6(10) s
| 
| 143Tb
| rowspan=2|(1/2+)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| ,  （不常見）
| 142Gd
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 143mDy
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 310.7(6) keV
| 3.0(3) s
|
|
| (11/2-)
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|144Dy
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 66
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 78
| rowspan=2|143.93925(3)
| rowspan=2|9.1(4) s
| 
| 144Tb
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| ,  （不常見）
| 143Gd
|-
| rowspan=2|145Dy
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 66
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79
| rowspan=2|144.93743(5)
| rowspan=2|9.5(10) s
| 
| 145Tb
| rowspan=2|(1/2+)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| ,  （不常見）
| 144Gd
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 145mDy
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 118.2(2) keV
| 14.1(7) s
| 
| 145Tb
| (11/2-)
|
|
|-
| 146Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 80
| 145.932845(29)
| 33.2(7) s
| 
| 146Tb
| 0+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 146mDy
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2935.7(6) keV
| 150(20) ms
| IT
| 146Dy
| (10+)#
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|147Dy
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 66
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 81
| rowspan=2|146.931092(21)
| rowspan=2|40(10) s
|  (99.95%)
| 147Tb
| rowspan=2|1/2+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| ,  (.05%)
| 146Tb
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 147m1Dy
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 750.5(4) keV
| rowspan=2|55(1) s
|  (65%)
| 147Tb
| rowspan=2|11/2-
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| IT (35%)
| 147Dy
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 147m2Dy
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 3407.2(8) keV
| 0.40(1) µs
|
|
| (27/2-)
|
|
|-
| 148Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 82
| 147.927150(11)
| 3.3(2) min
| 
| 148Tb
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 149Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 83
| 148.927305(9)
| 4.20(14) min
| 
| 149Tb
| 7/2(-)
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 149mDy
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2661.1(4) keV
| rowspan=2|490(15) ms
| IT (99.3%)
| 149Dy
| rowspan=2|(27/2-)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
|  (.7%)
| 149Tb
|-
| rowspan=2|150Dy
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 66
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84
| rowspan=2|149.925585(5)
| rowspan=2|7.17(5) min
|  (64%)
| 150Tb
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
|  (36%)
| 146Gd
|-
| rowspan=2|151Dy
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 66
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 85
| rowspan=2|150.926185(4)
| rowspan=2|17.9(3) min
|  (94.4%)
| 151Tb
| rowspan=2|7/2(-)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
|  (5.6%)
| 147Gd
|-
| rowspan=2|152Dy
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 66
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 86
| rowspan=2|151.924718(6)
| rowspan=2|2.38(2) h
|  (99.9%)
| 152Tb
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
|  (.1%)
| 148Gd
|-
| rowspan=2|153Dy
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 66
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 87
| rowspan=2|152.925765(5)
| rowspan=2|6.4(1) h
|  (99.99%)
| 153Tb
| rowspan=2|7/2(-)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
|  (.00939%)
| 149Gd
|-
|154Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 88
|153.924424(8)
|3.0(15)×106 a
| 
| 150Gd
|0+
|
|
|-
| 155Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 89
| 154.925754(13)
| 9.9(2) h
| 
| 155Tb
| 3/2-
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 155mDy
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 234.33(3) keV
| 6(1) µs
|
|
| 11/2-
|
|
|-
| 156Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 90
| 155.924283(7)
| colspan=3 align=center|觀測上穩定Believed to undergo  decay to 152Gd or  decay to 156Gd with a half-life over 1018 years
| 0+
| 5.6(3)×10−4
|
|-
| 157Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 91
| 156.925466(7)
| 8.14(4) h
| 
| 157Tb
| 3/2-
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 157m1Dy
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 161.99(3) keV
| 1.3(2) µs
|
|
| 9/2+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 157m2Dy
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 199.38(7) keV
| 21.6(16) ms
| IT
| 157Dy
| 11/2-
|
|
|-
| 158Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 92
| 157.924409(4)
| colspan=3 align=center|觀測上穩定Believed to undergo  decay to 154Gd or  decay to 158Gd
| 0+
| 9.5(3)×10−4
|
|-
| 159Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 93
| 158.9257392(29)
| 144.4(2) d
| 
| 159Tb
| 3/2-
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 159mDy
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 352.77(14) keV
| 122(3) µs
|
|
| 11/2-
|
|
|-
| 160Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 94
| 159.9251975(27)
| colspan=3 align=center|觀測上穩定Believed to undergo  decay to 156Gd
| 0+
| 0.02329(18)
|
|-
| 161Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 95
| 160.9269334(27)
| colspan=3 align=center|觀測上穩定Believed to undergo  decay to 157Gd
| 5/2+
| 0.18889(42)
|
|-
| 162Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 96
| 161.9267984(27)
| colspan=3 align=center|觀測上穩定Believed to undergo  decay to 158Gd
| 0+
| 0.25475(36)
|
|-
| 163Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 97
| 162.9287312(27)
| colspan=3 align=center|Can undergo bound-state  decay to 163Ho with a half-life of 47 days when fully ionizedM. Jung et al., Phys. Rev. Letts. 69, 2164 (1992) First observation of bound-state beta minus decay.
| 5/2-
| 0.24896(42)
|
|-
| 164Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 98
| 163.9291748(27)
| colspan=3 align=center|
| 0+
| 0.28260(54)
|
|-
| 165Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 99
| 164.9317033(27)
| 2.334(1) h
| 
| 165Ho
| 7/2+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 165mDy
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 108.160(3) keV
| rowspan=2|1.257(6) min
| IT (97.76%)
| 165Dy
| rowspan=2|1/2-
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
|  (2.24%)
| 165Ho
|-
| 166Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 100
| 165.9328067(28)
| 81.6(1) h
| 
| 166Ho
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 167Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 101
| 166.93566(6)
| 6.20(8) min
| 
| 167Ho
| (1/2-)
|
|
|-
| 168Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 102
| 167.93713(15)
| 8.7(3) min
| 
| 168Ho
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 169Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 103
| 168.94031(32)
| 39(8) s
| 
| 169Ho
| (5/2-)
|
|
|-
| 170Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 104
| 169.94239(21)#
| 30# s
| 
| 170Ho
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 171Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 105
| 170.94620(32)#
| 6# s
| 
| 171Ho
| 7/2-#
|
|
|-
| 172Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 106
| 171.94876(43)#
| 3# s
| 
| 172Ho
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 173Dy
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| style="text-align:right" | 107
| 172.95300(54)#
| 2# s
| 
| 173Ho
| 9/2+#
|
|
|}

 参考文獻 

 Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
 Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) . Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) .
 Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
 Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties , Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
 National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database  (retrieved Sept. 2005).
 David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.

Dy
Category:镝