碲的同位素

碲（原子量：127.60(3)）有39种同位素与17种同核异构体，原子量介于104至142。其中，有八种同位素（120Te、122Te、123Te、124Te、125Te、126Te、128Te、130Te）存在于自然界。128Te和130Te有放射性，但半衰期都极长，分别为2.25年和7.91年。碲最长寿的人造同位素则是半衰期19.31天的121Te，但诸如121mTe（半衰期164.7天）的同核异构体有更长的半衰期。

放射性同位素128Te和130Te是碲最常见的两种同位素。碲与铟、铼一样都是放射性同位素的丰度比稳定同位素的丰度大的例子。

有团队报告称已发现123Te的电子捕获，但他们之后的测量结果否认了这点。123Te的半衰期至少为9.2年。

圖表

|-
| 104Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 52
|
| <18 ns
| α
| 100Sn
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 105Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 53
| 104.94364(54)#
| 620(70) ns
| α
| 101Sn
| 5/2+#
|
|
|-
| 106Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 54
| 105.93750(14)
| 70(20) µs[70(+20-10) µs]
| 
| 102Sn
| 0+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|107Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 55
| rowspan=2|106.93501(32)#
| rowspan=2|3.1(1) ms
|  (70%)
| 103Sn
| rowspan=2|5/2+#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
|  (30%)
| 107Sb
|-
| rowspan=4|108Te
| rowspan=4 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=4 style="text-align:right" | 56
| rowspan=4|107.92944(11)
| rowspan=4|2.1(1) s
|  (51%)
| 108Sb
| rowspan=4|0+
| rowspan=4|
| rowspan=4|
|-
|  (49%)
| 104Sn
|-
| ,  (2.4%)
| 107Sn
|-
| ,  (.065%)
| 104In
|-
| rowspan=4|109Te
| rowspan=4 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=4 style="text-align:right" | 57
| rowspan=4|108.92742(7)
| rowspan=4|4.6(3) s
|  (86.99%)
| 109Sb
| rowspan=4|(5/2+)
| rowspan=4| 
| rowspan=4|
|-
| ,  (9.4%)
| 108Sn
|-
| α (7.9%)
| 105Sn
|-
| , α (.005%)
| 105In
|-
| rowspan=2|110Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 58
| rowspan=2|109.92241(6)
| rowspan=2|18.6(8) s
|  (99.99%)
| 110Sb
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| ,  (.003%)
| 109Sn
|-
| rowspan=2|111Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 59
| rowspan=2|110.92111(8)
| rowspan=2|19.3(4) s
| 
| 111Sb
| rowspan=2|(5/2)+#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| ,  （不常見）
| 110Sn
|-
| 112Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 60
| 111.91701(18)
| 2.0(2) min
| 
| 112Sb
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 113Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 61
| 112.91589(3)
| 1.7(2) min
| 
| 113Sb
| (7/2+)
|
|
|-
| 114Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| 113.91209(3)
| 15.2(7) min
| 
| 114Sb
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 115Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 63
| 114.91190(3)
| 5.8(2) min
| 
| 115Sb
| 7/2+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 115m1Te
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 10(7) keV
| rowspan=2|6.7(4) min
| 
| 115Sb
| rowspan=2|(1/2)+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| IT
| 115Te
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 115m2Te
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 280.05(20) keV
| 7.5(2) µs
|
|
| 11/2-
|
|
|-
| 116Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 64
| 115.90846(3)
| 2.49(4) h
| 
| 116Sb
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 117Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 65
| 116.908645(14)
| 62(2) min
| 
| 117Sb
| 1/2+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 117mTe
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 296.1(5) keV
| 103(3) ms
| IT
| 117Te
| (11/2-)
|
|
|-
| 118Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 66
| 117.905828(16)
| 6.00(2) d
| 
| 118Sb
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 119Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 67
| 118.906404(9)
| 16.05(5) h
| 
| 119Sb
| 1/2+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 119mTe
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 260.96(5) keV
| rowspan=2|4.70(4) d
|  (99.99%)
| 119Sb
| rowspan=2|11/2-
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| IT (.008%)
| 119Te
|-
| 120Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 68
| 119.90402(1)
| colspan=3 align=center|觀測上穩定Believed to undergo  decay to 120Sn with a half-life over 2.2×1016 years
| 0+
| 9(1)×10−4
|
|-
| 121Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 69
| 120.904936(28)
| 19.16(5) d
| 
| 121Sb
| 1/2+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 121mTe
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 293.991(22) keV
| rowspan=2|154(7) d
| IT (88.6%)
| 121Te
| rowspan=2|11/2-
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
|  (11.4%)
| 121Sb
|-
| 122Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 70
| 121.9030439(16)
| colspan=3 align=center|
| 0+
| 0.0255(12)
|
|-
| 123Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 71
| 122.9042700(16)
| colspan=3 align=center|觀測上穩定Believed to undergo  decay to 123Sb with a half-life over 9.2×1016 years
| 1/2+
| 0.0089(3)
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 123mTe
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 247.47(4) keV
| 119.2(1) d
| IT
| 123Te
| 11/2-
|
|
|-
| 124Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 72
| 123.9028179(16)
| colspan=3 align=center|
| 0+
| 0.0474(14)
|
|-
| 125TeFission product
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 73
| 124.9044307(16)
| colspan=3 align=center|
| 1/2+
| 0.0707(15)
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 125mTe
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 144.772(9) keV
| 57.40(15) d
| IT
| 125Te
| 11/2-
|
|
|-
| 126Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 74
| 125.9033117(16)
| colspan=3 align=center|
| 0+
| 0.1884(25)
|
|-
| 127Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 75
| 126.9052263(16)
| 9.35(7) h
| 
| 127I
| 3/2+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 127mTe
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 88.26(8) keV
| rowspan=2|109(2) d
| IT (97.6%)
| 127Te
| rowspan=2|11/2-
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
|  (2.4%)
| 127I
|-
| 128TePrimordial radionuclide
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 76
| 127.9044631(19)
| 2.2(3)×1024 aLongest measured half-life of any nuclide
| 
| 128Xe
| 0+
| 0.3174(8)
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 128mTe
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2790.7(4) keV
| 370(30) ns
|
|
| 10+
|
|
|-
| 129Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 77
| 128.9065982(19)
| 69.6(3) min
| 
| 129I
| 3/2+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 129mTe
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 105.50(5) keV
| 33.6(1) d
|
|
| 11/2-
| 
| 
|-
| 130Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 78
| 129.9062244(21)
| 790(100)×1018 a
| 
| 130Xe
| 0+
| 0.3408(62)
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 130m1Te
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2146.41(4) keV
| 115(8) ns
|
|
| (7)-
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 130m2Te
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2661(7) keV
| 1.90(8) µs
|
|
| (10+)
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 130m3Te
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 4375.4(18) keV
| 261(33) ns
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| 131Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| 130.9085239(21)
| 25.0(1) min
| 
| 131I
| 3/2+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 131mTe
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 182.250(20) keV
| rowspan=2|30(2) h
|  (77.8%)
| 131I
| rowspan=2|11/2-
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| IT (22.2%)
| 131Te
|-
| 132Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 80
| 131.908553(7)
| 3.204(13) d
| 
| 132I
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 133Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 81
| 132.910955(26)
| 12.5(3) min
| 
| 133I
| (3/2+)
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 133mTe
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 334.26(4) keV
| rowspan=2|55.4(4) min
|  (82.5%)
| 133I
| rowspan=2|(11/2-)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| IT (17.5%)
| 133Te
|-
| 134Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 82
| 133.911369(11)
| 41.8(8) min
| 
| 134I
| 0+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 134mTe
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1691.34(16) keV
| 164.1(9) ns
|
|
| 6+
|
|
|-
| 135TeVery short-lived fission product, responsible for the iodine pit as precursor of 135Xe via 135I
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 83
| 134.91645(10)
| 19.0(2) s
| 
| 135I
| (7/2-)
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 135mTe
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1554.88(17) keV
| 510(20) ns
|
|
| (19/2-)
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|136Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84
| rowspan=2|135.92010(5)
| rowspan=2|17.63(8) s
|  (98.7%)
| 136I
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| ,  (1.3%)
| 135I
|-
| rowspan=2|137Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 85
| rowspan=2|136.92532(13)
| rowspan=2|2.49(5) s
|  (97.01%)
| 137I
| rowspan=2|3/2-#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| ,  (2.99%)
| 136I
|-
| rowspan=2|138Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 86
| rowspan=2|137.92922(22)#
| rowspan=2|1.4(4) s
|  (93.7%)
| 138I
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| ,  (6.3%)
| 137I
|-
| rowspan=2|139Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 87
| rowspan=2|138.93473(43)#
| rowspan=2|500 ms[>300 ns]#
| 
| 139I
| rowspan=2|5/2-#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| , n
| 138I
|-
| rowspan=2|140Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 88
| rowspan=2|139.93885(32)#
| rowspan=2|300 ms[>300 ns]#
| 
| 140I
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| , n
| 139I
|-
| rowspan=2|141Te
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 52
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 89
| rowspan=2|140.94465(43)#
| rowspan=2|100 ms[>300 ns]# 
| 
| 141I
| rowspan=2|5/2-#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| , n
| 140I
|-
| 142Te
| style="text-align:right" | 52
| style="text-align:right" | 90
| 141.94908(64)#
| 50 ms[>300 ns]#
| 
| 142I
| 0+
|
|
|}

 参考文獻 

 Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
 Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) . Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) .
 Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
 Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties , Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
 National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database  (retrieved Sept. 2005).
 David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.

Te
Category:碲