釤的同位素

釤（原子量：150.36(2)）在自然界中存在5种稳定同位素（144Sm、149Sm、150Sm、152Sm、154Sm）和2种长寿命放射性同位素（半衰期1.06年的147Sm和半衰期7年的148Sm），其中152Sm的丰度最高，达26.74%。146Sm的半衰期也很长，但不足以在今天大量存在，现为。它可用于太阳系的测年。2012年一篇把146Sm的半衰期从10.3(5)年更新到6.8(7)年的论文已于2023年撤稿。它是不确定是不是的核素中半衰期最长的。

除了以上8种同位素以外，钐最长寿的放射性同位素是半衰期94.6年的151Sm以及半衰期340天的145Sm。剩下的同位素原子量介于129至168，半衰期都短于两天。

圖表

|-
| 129Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 67
| 128.95464(54)#
| 550(100) ms
|
|
| 5/2+#
|
|
|-
| 130Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 68
| 129.94892(43)#
| 1# s
| 
| 130Pm
| 0+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|131Sm
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 62
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 69
| rowspan=2|130.94611(32)#
| rowspan=2|1.2(2) s
| 
| 131Pm
| rowspan=2|5/2+#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| ,  （不常見）
| 130Nd
|-
| rowspan=2|132Sm
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 62
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 70
| rowspan=2|131.94069(32)#
| rowspan=2|4.0(3) s
| 
| 132Pm
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| , 
| 131Nd
|-
| rowspan=2|133Sm
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 62
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 71
| rowspan=2|132.93867(21)#
| rowspan=2|2.90(17) s
| 
| 133Pm
| rowspan=2|(5/2+)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| , 
| 132Nd
|-
| 134Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 72
| 133.93397(21)#
| 10(1) s
| 
| 134Pm
| 0+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|135Sm
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 62
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 73
| rowspan=2|134.93252(17)
| rowspan=2|10.3(5) s
|  (99.98%)
| 135Pm
| rowspan=2|(7/2+)
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| ,  (.02%)
| 134Nd
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 135mSm
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 0(300)# keV
| 2.4(9) s
| 
| 135Pm
| (3/2+,5/2+)
|
|
|-
| 136Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 74
| 135.928276(13)
| 47(2) s
| 
| 136Pm
| 0+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 136mSm
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2264.7(11) keV
| 15(1) µs
|
|
| (8-)
|
|
|-
| 137Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 75
| 136.92697(5)
| 45(1) s
| 
| 137Pm
| (9/2-)
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 137mSm
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 180(50)# keV
| 20# s
| 
| 137Pm
| 1/2+#
|
|
|-
| 138Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 76
| 137.923244(13)
| 3.1(2) min
| 
| 138Pm
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 139Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 77
| 138.922297(12)
| 2.57(10) min
| 
| 139Pm
| 1/2+
| 
| 
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 139mSm
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 457.40(22) keV
| rowspan=2|10.7(6) s
| IT (93.7%)
| 139Sm
| rowspan=2|11/2-
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
|  (6.3%)
| 139Pm
|-
| 140Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 78
| 139.918995(13)
| 14.82(12) min
| 
| 140Pm
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 141Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 79
| 140.918476(9)
| 10.2(2) min
| 
| 141Pm
| 1/2+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 141mSm
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 176.0(3) keV
| rowspan=2|22.6(2) min
|  (99.69%)
| 141Pm
| rowspan=2|11/2-
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| IT (.31%)
| 141Sm
|-
| 142Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 80
| 141.915198(6)
| 72.49(5) min
| 
| 142Pm
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 143Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 81
| 142.914628(4)
| 8.75(8) min
| 
| 143Pm
| 3/2+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 143m1Sm
| rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 753.99(16) keV
| rowspan=2|66(2) s
| IT (99.76%)
| 143Sm
| rowspan=2|11/2-
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
|  (.24%)
| 143Pm
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 143m2Sm
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2793.8(13) keV
| 30(3) ms
|
|
| 23/2(-)
|
|
|-
| 144Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 82
| 143.911999(3)
| colspan=3 align=center|觀測上穩定Believed to undergo  decay to 144Nd
| 0+
| 0.0307(7)
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 144mSm
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2323.60(8) keV
| 880(25) ns
|
|
| 6+
|
|
|-
| 145Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 83
| 144.913410(3)
| 340(3) d
| 
| 145Pm
| 7/2-
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 145mSm
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 8786.2(7) keV
| 990(170) ns[0.96(+19-15) µs]
|
|
| (49/2+)
|
|
|-
| 146SmPrimordial radioisotope
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 84
| 145.913041(4)
| 9.20(26) a
| 
| 142Nd
| 0+
| 痕量
|
|-
| 147SmFission productUsed in Samarium-neodymium dating
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 85
| 146.9148979(26)
| 1.06(2)×1011 a
| 
| 143Nd
| 7/2-
| 0.1499(18)
|
|-
| 148Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 86
| 147.9148227(26)
| 7(3)×1015 a
| 
| 144Nd
| 0+
| 0.1124(10)
|
|-
| 149SmNeutron poison in reactors
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 87
| 148.9171847(26)
| colspan=3 align=center|觀測上穩定Believed to undergo  decay to 145Nd with a half-life over 2×1015 years
| 7/2-
| 0.1382(7)
|
|-
| 150Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 88
| 149.9172755(26)
| colspan=3 align=center|觀測上穩定Believed to undergo  decay to 146Nd
| 0+
| 0.0738(1)
|
|-
| 151Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 89
| 150.9199324(26)
| 88.8(24) a
| 
| 151Eu
| 5/2-
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 151mSm
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 261.13(4) keV
| 1.4(1) µs
|
|
| (11/2)-
|
|
|-
| 152Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 90
| 151.9197324(27)
| colspan=3 align=center|觀測上穩定Believed to undergo  decay to 148Nd
| 0+
| 0.2675(16)
|
|-
| 153Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 91
| 152.9220974(27)
| 46.284(4) h
| 
| 153Eu
| 3/2+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 153mSm
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 98.37(10) keV
| 10.6(3) ms
| IT
| 153Sm
| 11/2-
|
|
|-
| 154Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 92
| 153.9222093(27)
| colspan=3 align=center|觀測上穩定Believed to undergo  decay to 154Gd with a half-life over 2.3×1018 years
| 0+
| 0.2275(29)
|
|-
| 155Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 93
| 154.9246402(28)
| 22.3(2) min
| 
| 155Eu
| 3/2-
|
|
|-
| 156Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 94
| 155.925528(10)
| 9.4(2) h
| 
| 156Eu
| 0+
|
|
|-
| style="text-indent:1em" | 156mSm
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1397.55(9) keV
| 185(7) ns
|
|
| 5-
|
|
|-
| 157Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 95
| 156.92836(5)
| 8.03(7) min
| 
| 157Eu
| (3/2-)
|
|
|-
| 158Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 96
| 157.92999(8)
| 5.30(3) min
| 
| 158Eu
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 159Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 97
| 158.93321(11)
| 11.37(15) s
| 
| 159Eu
| 5/2-
|
|
|-
| 160Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 98
| 159.93514(21)#
| 9.6(3) s
| 
| 160Eu
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 161Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 99
| 160.93883(32)#
| 4.8(8) s
| 
| 161Eu
| 7/2+#
|
|
|-
| 162Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 100
| 161.94122(54)#
| 2.4(5) s
| 
| 162Eu
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 163Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 101
| 162.94536(75)#
| 1# s
| 
| 163Eu
| 1/2-#
|
|
|-
| 164Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 102
| 163.94828(86)#
| 500# ms
| 
| 164Eu
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 165Sm
| style="text-align:right" | 62
| style="text-align:right" | 103
| 164.95298(97)#
| 200# ms
| 
| 165Eu
| 5/2-#
|
|
|}

 参考文獻 

 Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
 Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) . Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) .
 Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
 Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties , Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
 National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database  (retrieved Sept. 2005).
 David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.

Sm
Category:钐