矽的同位素

矽（原子量：28.0855(3)）共有23個已知同位素，質量數介於22-44之間，其中有3個是穩定的，其他都具有放射性。天然存在的矽同位素有5個，分別是穩定的28Si、29Si、30Si和具放射性的31Si及32Si，31Si及32Si在自然界中僅痕量存在，為宇宙射線散裂所產生。其餘同位素都不出現在自然界中，只有在實驗室製造出來過，且半衰期都極短，非常不穩定。

 圖表 

|-
| rowspan=2|22Si
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 14
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 8
| rowspan=2|22.03611(54)#
| rowspan=2|29(2) ms
|  (68%)
| 22Al
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β+, p (32%)
| 21Mg
|-
| 23Si
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:right" | 9
| 23.02571(54)#
| 42.3(4) ms
| β+
| 23Al
| 3/2+#
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|24Si
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 14
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 10
| rowspan=2|24.011535(21)
| rowspan=2|140(8) ms
| β+ (92%)
| 24Al
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β+, p (8%)
| 23Mg
|-
| rowspan=2|25Si
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 14
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 11
| rowspan=2|25.004109(11)
| rowspan=2|220(3) ms
| β+ (63.19%)
| 25Al
| rowspan=2|5/2+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β+, p (36.8%)
| 24Mg
|-
| 26Si
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:right" | 12
| 25.99233382(12)
| 2.234(13) s
| β+
| 26Al
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 27Si
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:right" | 13
| 26.98670469(12)
| 4.16(2) s
| β+
| 27Al
| 5/2+
|
|
|-
| 28Si
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| 27.9769265344(6)
| colspan=3 align=center|
| 0+
| 0.92223(19)
| 0.92205–0.92241
|-
| 29Si
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:right" | 15
| 28.9764946643(6)
| colspan=3 align=center|穩定
| 1/2+
| 0.04685(8)
| 0.04678–0.04692
|-
| 30Si
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:right" | 16
| 29.973770137(23)
| colspan=3 align=center|穩定
| 0+
| 0.03092(11)
| 0.03082–0.03102
|-
| 31Si
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:right" | 17
| 30.97536320(5)
| 157.3(3) min
| β−
| 31P
| 3/2+
|
|
|-
| 32Si
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:right" | 18
| 31.9741515(3)
| 153(19) y
| β−
| 32P
| 0+
| 痕量或天然放射性
| 
|-
| 33Si
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:right" | 19
| 32.9779770(8)
| 6.18(18) s
| β−
| 33P
| (3/2+)
|
|
|-
| 34Si
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:right" | 20
| 33.9785380(9)
| 2.77(20) s
| β−
| 34P
| 0+
|
|
|-
| rowspan=2|35Si
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 14
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 21
| rowspan=2|34.98455(4)
| rowspan=2|780(120) ms
| β− (94.74%)
| 35P
| rowspan=2|7/2−#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β−, n (5.26%)
| 34P
|-
| rowspan=2|36Si
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 14
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 22
| rowspan=2|35.98665(8)
| rowspan=2|0.45(6) s
| β− (88%)
| 36P
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β−, n (12%)
| 35P
|-
| rowspan=2|37Si
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 14
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 23
| rowspan=2|36.99295(12)
| rowspan=2|90(60) ms
| β− (83%)
| 37P
| rowspan=2|(7/2−)#
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β−, n (17%)
| 36P
|-
| rowspan=2|38Si
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 14
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 24
| rowspan=2|37.99552(11)
| rowspan=2|90# ms [>1 µs]
| β−, n
| 37P
| rowspan=2|0+
| rowspan=2|
| rowspan=2|
|-
| β−
| 38P
|-
| 39Si
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:right" | 25
| 39.00249(15)
| 47.5(20) ms
| β−
| 39P
| 7/2−#
|
|
|-
| 40Si
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:right" | 26
| 40.00608(13)
| 33.0(10) ms
| β−
| 40P
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 41Si
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:right" | 27
| 41.01417(32)#
| 20.0(25) ms
| β−
| 41P
| 7/2−#
|
|
|-
| 42Si
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:right" | 28
| 42.01808(32)#
| 13(4) ms
| β−
| 42P
| 0+
|
|
|-
| 43Si
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:right" | 29
| 43.02612(43)#
| 15# ms [>260 ns]
|
|
| 3/2−#
|
|
|-
| 44Si
| style="text-align:right" | 14
| style="text-align:right" | 30
| 44.03147(54)#
| 10# ms
|
|
| 0+
|
|
|}

 參考文獻 

 Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) . Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) .
 Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
 Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties , Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
 National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database  (retrieved Sept. 2005).
 David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.

Si
Category:硅