梭子蟹總科

梭子蟹總科（学名），是短尾次目（螃蟹）的其中一個總科級的分类阶元，其下包括梭子蟹科及其他科，皆為海洋生物。其他文獻尚有其他科保留在本總科，但在分子系统发生学分析之後，有可能對現時這些在分類上的爭議有變更。

描述
本總科的成員具有扁平及光滑的，而且殼的橫向比縱向寬，呈六边形、近似 六边形、矩形，又或鵝卵形。
It is usually widest between the hindmost spines of the forward rim; there may be up to 9 pairs of these spines, with a few smaller ones right above the head, but they are missing altogether in some 物种.

In some, the first 附肢's 腿 (节肢动物) is lobed, forming the characteristic portunid lobe. The s are usually robust, and in some the last  pair has ovate . The  of the  between segments 4 to 8 are usually incomplete, and in the Portunidae, the eighth sternite is usually visible if seen from below and has a penial groove.

雄蟹的腹體節若不是全自由活動的話，就是其第三節到第五節已融合在一起，但often retaining the sutures though. The first  is strongly curved, with a swollen and strongly hooked base.

分類
梭子蟹總科與扇蟹總科，過往被劃歸扇蟹總科的六足蟹科及，在某些分類會劃歸梭子蟹總科；而在深海生活的怪蟹科一般都會劃歸梭子蟹總科，但亦有分類把它放在扇蟹總科之下。所有梭子蟹總科的物種均在海洋生活，除了現時已獨立成單獨總科的毛子蟹科（Trichodactylidae）有部份是在淡水生活。

現時分類
According to the latest synopsis, there are eleven families in the superfamily Portunoidea, four of which are extinct:
Carcinidae
 (extinct)
Catoptridae
 怪蟹科 Geryonidae
Lithophylacidae (extinct)
Longusorbiidae (extinct)
 Macropipidae
Pirimelidae
 梭子蟹科 Portunidae
Psammocarcinidae (extinct)
 指甲蟹科 Thiidae ：原屬黃道蟹總科

參考文獻

外部連結