匕首

匕首指双刃短剑State v. Martin, 633 S.W.2d 80 (Mo. 1982): This is the dictionary or popular-use definition of a dagger, which has been used to describe everything from an ice pick to a folding knife with a pointed blade as a 'dagger'. The Missouri Supreme Court used the popular definition of 'dagger' found in Webster's New Universal Dictionary ("a short weapon with a sharp point used for stabbing") to rule that an ordinary pointed knife with a four- to five-inch blade constitutes a 'dagger' under the Missouri criminal code.California Penal Code 12020(a)(24):"dagger" means a knife or other instrument with or without a handguard that is capable of ready use as a stabbing weapon that may inflict great bodily injury or death. The State of California and other jurisdictions have seized upon the popular-use definition of a dagger to classify items ranging from a pointed kitchen knife to a tent stake as a 'dagger' under the law.，全長約在30公分左右。中國最早在夏代就出現，一開始為青銅製，到了戰國時期因鐵器的發達改用鋼鐵製。一般作为近战防備武器，可以对目标投擲或突刺。

匕首也是中國歷代刺客所愛用的武器，著名成語「圖窮匕現」即是刺客將匕首藏在地圖的卷軸裡以刺殺別國君王的行動，荊軻刺秦王便是一個例子。

 外語 
現代人常常把英文的「Dagger」翻成匕首，而「Dagger」来自拉丁文「Daca」，指「Dacian knife」。

 文學作品 
匕首經常出現於文學作品之中。較為知名的是莎士比亞的悲劇《馬克白》。匕首貫穿全劇，無論在現實或幻境中，象徵麥克白的暴力選擇和野心。雖然他可以選擇無視匕首，但他選擇使用它。

 参考资料 

 Schulze, André(Hrsg.): Mittelalterliche Kampfesweisen. Band 3: Scheibendolch, Schwert und Schild. - Mainz am Rhein. : Zabern, 2007. - ISBN 3-8053-3750-2

 参见 

 小刀
 短刀


Category:埃及发明
Category:欧洲刀剑
Category:欧洲武器
Category:刃器