ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ ⵍⵡⴰⵍⵉ

ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ ⵍⵡⴰⵍⵉ (ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ 3 ⵉⴱⵔⵉⵔ 1965) ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵢⴰⴼⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙⵏ. ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉⵜⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵕⵕⴰⵏⵉⵢⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵎⵖⵔⴰⴱⵉⵢⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵙⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⴰⵍ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵔⵣⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ, ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵖⵍⴰⵏⵉⵏ.ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ ⵍⵡⴰⵍⵉ

 ⵜⴰⴷⴰⵡⵍⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ 
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ ⵍⵡⴰⵍⵉ ⴳ 3 ⵉⴱⵔⵉⵔ 1965 ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵄⴽⴽⴰⵔⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵥⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⵟ, ⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ, ⵙⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⴳⵯⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢ ⵀⵉⵛⴰⵎ ⵍⵡⴰⵍⵉ. ⵉⵖⵔⴰ ⵜⵉⴼⵔⴽⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵕⵕⴱⴰⵟ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴰⵙⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵍⴱⴰⴽⴰⵍⵓⵕⵢⴰ ⵏⵏⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⵥⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵜⵔⴰⵔⵜ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1984, ⴷ ⵙ ⵓⴹⴼⴰⵕ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢ, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⵜⴰⴷⵔⴰⵎⴰⵜⵉⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⴳ ⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⵖ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1986, ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⴰⴱⵔⵉⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎ ⵓⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢ .ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ ⵍⵡⴰⵍⵉ

 ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕⵜ 

 ⴰⵙⵎⴷⵢⴰ 
ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵍⵀⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵙⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵜ ⵓⵎⵓⵔⵙ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵍⵜ/ⵓⵙⴰⵢⵙ ⵖⵔ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ, ⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵜⵥⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ "ⴰⵎⵅⵅⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⴰⵔⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ". ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴼⴽⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵓⵊⵊⴰ ⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖⵏ, ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵔⵣⴰ ⴳ ⴽⵓⵍⵍⵓ ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴷ ⵜⵥⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ "ⵙⵉⵡⵍⴰⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵖⴷⵉ " ⴷ "ⵎⴽⵜⵓⴱ/ⴰⵔⵔⴰ". ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵓⵙⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵔⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵖⵓⵔ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵉⴼⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵢⵏⵓⵜ ⵙ ⵜⴷⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⴱⵔⵣⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ  ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ "ⴰⵙⴰⵕⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ" ⴷ "ⵄⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⵍⵇⵍⴷⴰ", ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵜ ⵢⵓⴷⵊⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⴰⵡⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⴳⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ, ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ, ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵉ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⴰⵎⴽⵜ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⴷⵢⴰ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵓⵔ ⴹⴼⵕⵏ  ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵔⵉⵎⵏ  ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ.

 ⴰⵙⵓⴼⵖ 
ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵖⵣⵣⴰⴼⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢ, ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜⵜⵉ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ ⵍⵡⴰⵍⵉ ⵖⵔ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⴼⵖ. ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵜⵜ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⵎⵏ ⵉⴳⵣⵣⵓⵍⵏ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ «ⵏⵉⵏⵉ ⵢⴰ ⵎⵓⵎⵎⵓ» ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2004, ⴷ «ⵍⵎⵕⵃⵓⵎ/ⵉⴳⵍⵍⵉⵏ» ⴷ «ⵉⵣⵉ ⴷ ⵏⴽⴽ», ⴷ «ⵍⴼⵊⵕ/ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴳⵉ», ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴳⵔ 2007 ⴷ 2008,ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎ "ⴰⵙⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵜⵇⵇⵏ ⵜⵉⴼⴰⵡⵜ" ⴰⴽⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴽⵖⴰⵟ, ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵔⵎⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⴰⵖⵣⵣⴰⴼ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵙⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ "ⵢⵎⵎⴰ" ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2013.

ⵉⵎⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⵜⵍⴼⴰⵣ, ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴷⴷⵉⵜⵏ/ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵔⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴷⴷⵉ "ⵜⵓⴳⴳⵓⴳⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ", ⴷ ⵓⵙⴷⴷⵉ "ⵏⴰⵙ ⵍⵃⵓⵎⴰ/ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴹⵡⵡⴰⵕ" ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2013 ⴷ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵔⴰⵜⵏ/ⵉⵎⴳⴰⵢⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⴱⵔⵣⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵙⴳⵉⵙⵏ ⵃⴰⵙⴰⵏ ⴼⵓⵍⴰⵏ, ⵄⴰⵢⵛⴰ ⵎⴰⵀ ⵎⴰⵀ, ⵙⴰⵄⵉⴷⴰ ⴱⴰⵄⴷⵉ, ⵀⵉⵛⴰⵎ ⵍⵡⴰⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵄⴰⵟⵕ.

 ⴰⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵉⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙⵏ 
ⵓⵔ ⵉⵣⴷⵉ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵍⵡⴰⵍⵉ ⵖⴰⵙ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵓⴼⵖ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵖⵔ ⵓⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴰⵜⵍⴼⴰⵣ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵔⴰⴳ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⴳ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵉⵏⴰⴳ, ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵉⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵓⵜⴰⵍ/ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵀⴰⵢ ⵏ "ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵍⵄⵔⵓⵚⴰ/ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵉⵙⵍⵉⵜ", ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⴰⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ ⴰⵜⵍⴼⴰⵣ "ⵎⴰ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵔⵣ ⴰⵎⵉⵍⵢⵓⵏ/ⴰⴳⵏⴷⵉⴷ (ⵜⴰⵏⵖⵉⵍⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ)" ⴳ ⵜⴱⴰⴷⵓⵜ ⵏ "ⵏⵉⵙⴰⵎⴰ" ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 2009.

 ⵜⵉⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ 

 ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ 

 1999: ⵉⵎⵏⵃⵓⵔⵏ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵜⵓⵥⵥⵓⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴹ.
 2001: ⵕⴰⵚ ⵍⵄⵉⵏ/ⵉⵖⴼ ⵏ ⵓⵖⴱⴰⵍⵓ .
 2003: ⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵎⵍⵍⴰⵍ.
 2003: ⵄⵍⵍⴰⵍ ⵍⵇⵍⴷⴰ.
 2004: ⴰⵎⵡⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵡⴰⵔⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ.
 2004: ⵉⵎⴷⴷⵓⴽⴽⵯⴰⵍ ⵙⴳ ⴽⴰⵏⴰⴷⴰ .
 2004: ⴰⴹⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵍⵍⴰⵍⵏ
 2005: ⵄⵍⴰⵛ ⵍⴰ/ⵎⴰⵅⵅ ⵓⵀⵓ .
 2006: ⵎⴰⵊⴷⴰ.
 2006: ⵙⵙⵓⵔⴼ ⵉⵢⵉ ⴰ ⴱⴰⴱⴰ.
 2007: ⴰⵎⵔⵣⵓ .
 2010: ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ.
 2011: ⵜⵉⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ .
 2015: ⵜⵡⴰⵔⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵏⵉⵖⵕⴹⵏ .
 2015: ⴰⵢⵢⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵍⵃⴰⵊ.
 2015: ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ
 2017: ⵍⵄⴰⵟⵉ ⵍⵍⴰⵀ/ ⵕⴱⴱⵉ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⴼⴽⴰⵢ.
 2019: ⵛⴰⴱⵉⵀ/ⵉⴽⵏⵉ .
 2019: ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴷⵔⴰⵏ
 ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ
 1994: ⴰⵎⵅⵅⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⴰⵔⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ
 1997: ⵎⴽⵜⵓⴱ/ⴰⵔⵔⴰ .
 2008: ⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⵎⵍⵉⵍⵉⵜ ⴰ ⵜⵉⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜⵉⵏ .
 2013: ⵢⵎⵎⴰ .ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⵢⵎⵎⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵜⵓⴱ
 2015: ⵉⵎⵟⵟⴰⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵢⵉⴱⵍⵉⵙ .
 2016: ⵜⴰⵡⴰⴷⴰ ⵜⴰⵣⴳⵣⴰⵡⵜ
 2017: ⵏⵓⵃ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵛⵓⵛⴼ .
 2018: ⵉⴼⵙⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⴼⵕⵟⴻⵟⵟⵓⵜⵉⵏ .

 ⵉⵎⵙⴷⴷⵉⵜⵏ 

 ⴰⵎⴷⵉⵡⵍ .
 1992: ⵜⵉⵣⵎⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ .
 1995: ⵜⴰⵖⵍⴰⴼⵜ .
 2003: ⵜⴰⴼⵙⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵇⵓⵕⵟⵓⴱⴰ
 2011: ⵍⵃⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵚⵚⴰⴼⵢⴰ
 2013: ⵏⴰⵙ ⵍⵃⵓⵎⴰ/ⵎⵉⴷⴷⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴹⵡⵡⴰⵕ .
 2020: ⵀⵉⵢⴰ/ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ .
 2021: ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ .
 2023: ⵎⴰⵍ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵢⴰ/ⵉⴷⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵏ ⴷⴷⵓⵏⵉⵜ .

 ⵉⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙⵏ 

 2009 : ⵎⴰ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵔⵣ ⴰⴳⵏⴷⵓⴷ ⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉ (ⴰⵎⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ)
 (2007 - 2008): ⵍⴰⵍⵍⴰ ⵍⵄⵔⵓⵙⴰ (ⴰⵎⵙⵎⵏⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵖⴰⵡⴰⵙ)
 2015 : ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ ⵛⵓ
 ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴱⴰⵢⵏⵓ .

 ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵓⵙⵍⵉⴳⵜ 
ⵉⵜⴰⵀⵍ ⵕⴰⵛⵉⴷ ⵍⵡⴰⵍⵉ  ⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰ ⵉⴱⵜⵉⵙⴰⵎ ⵛⴽⴰⵔⴰ, ⴷ ⵢⵓⵔⵓ ⴷⵉⴷⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡⵏ : ⴰⴷⴰⵎ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵍⵉⵎ.

 ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ 

 ⵄⴰⵣⵉⵣ ⴷⴰⴷⴰⵙ
 ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ

 ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ