ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⴰⴱⵉⵀ

ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⴰⴱⵉⵀ (ⵙ ⵜⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⵉⵚⵜ: Mohamed Nabih) ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⴰⴱⵉⵀ. ⴳ ⴼⵉⵙⴱⵓⴽ ⵥⵕ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⴳ  ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴽⴽⵓⵥⵜ ⵜⵡⵛⴽⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏ 2013, 2016, 2021 ⴷ 2025.
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⴰⴱⵉⵀ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1957 ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⵓⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵡⴰⵏⵣⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵎⵉ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⴹⴼⵕ ⵉ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⴳⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵎⵉ.
ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵖ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣ ⵜⵉⵏⵎⵍ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⵣⵓⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1975, ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵉⵥⴹⵉⵕ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵡⵙ ⵉ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ, ⵉⵙⵉⴼⵙⵓⵙ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵙⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ. ⵓⴼⵓⵖ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⴰⴱⵉⵀ ⵙ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⴰⵡⵉ ⵙ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵟⴰⵏⵟⴰⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵓⴽⵣ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍ ⴰⵎⵉⵔⴰⵢ, ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⴽⵓⵢⴰⵙⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵍⵓⴳⵏ, ⴰⴷ ⵓⴽⴰⵏ ⵉⴽⵜⵓⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵍⵓⴳ ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⴰⴹ. ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵜⵜⵉ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵏⴰⴱⵉⵀ ⵙ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴰⴷⵉⵔ, ⵉⵙⵡⵡⵓⵔ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⵍⵍⵓⵙⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵍⴱⵕⵊⵜ, ⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⴽⴰⵔⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵢⵢⵉⵍⴳⵉ  ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⴳⴰ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵓⴼⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵔⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜ ⵢⴰⵡⵉ ⵙ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ, ⵔⴰⴷ ⵉⵍⵎⵎⴰ ⵉⴼⵔⴽ ⵉⵙ ⴰⵙ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵜⵢⴰⴽⴰⵔⵏ ⵉⵍⵓⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵉⵙⵔⴳ ⵜⴰⴳⵓⴹⵉ ⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵜⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵢⵓⴼⵉ, ⵉⵙⵢⴰⴼⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵢⴰⴽⴰⵔ ⵜⵎⴽⵜⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵜⵣⵔⵉ ⵜⴳⵓⴹⵉ ⵏⴰⴱⵉⵀ, ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵖⴰⵏⵉⴱ ⴳⵔ ⵉⴹⵓⴹⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵎⵓ ⵉⵜⵜⵙⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵕⵕⵡⴰⵢⵚ ⴰⵎ ⵄⵓⵎⴰⵕ ⵡⴰⵀⵔⵓⵛ, ⵙⵄⵉⴷ ⴰⵛⵜⵓⴽ, ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵍⴱⵏⵙⵉⵔ, ⵍⵃⴰⵊⵊ ⴱⵍⵄⵉⴷ... ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ 
ⵏⴰⴱⵉⵀ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⴳⵯⵎⵎⵔ ⵜⵉⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵡⴰⵏⵢⴰⵜⵏ ⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏⵉⵏ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵕⵕⵡⴰⵢⵚ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵡⵡⴰⴹ, ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵡⵙⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵔⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⵡⵙ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴳ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵔⵎ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⴰⵔⴰ ⵉⵣⵍⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⵅⴼ ⵓⵙⵇⵇⵓⵍ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⵏ ⵕⵕⵡⴰⵢⵚ ⴰⴷ, ⴰⵎ ⴰⵃⵓⵣⵉ ⴷ ⴱⵓⵙⴰⵍⵎ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵇⵇⵓⵍⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵉⵎⵏⵏⴰⵡⵏ.
ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ

 ⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ

ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ