ⵜⵉⵥⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵚⵍⴹⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ

ⵜⵉⵥⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵚⵍⴹⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵖ ⵜⵉⵥⵉⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴼⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ (ⵙ ⵜⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣⵜ: Psychoanalytic theory) ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵥⵕⵉ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵣⵎⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵡⴰⵍⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⵎⴽⵍ ⴰⵚⵍⴹⴰⵏ. ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵓⵙⵉⵜⴳ ⵜⵚⵍⴹⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⴰⵔⴰⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵉⵊⵊⵉⵜ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⴽⵍ ⵏ ⵜⴹⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ.

ⵉⵙⵔⵙ ⵙⵉⴳⵎⵓⵏⴷ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⵜⵉⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵣⵡⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵚⵍⴹⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵊⵕⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ 19, ⴷ ⵜⵣⵔⵉ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵢⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⴼⴰⵍ. ⵜⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵥⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵚⵍⴹⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵍⴰ ⵜⵓⵎⵎⵉⴷⵜ ⴳ ⵓⴼⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵏⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵊⵕⵎⴰ ⵜⵉⵙ 20 ⴰⵎ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴳⵣⵣⵓⵎ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵎⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵏⴼⵔⴰⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵎⵔⵡⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵙⵎⴽⵍⵉⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵔⴽⵜ ⵏ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵚⴹⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ. ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵉⵖⵣⵣⵉⴼⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⴳ 1939, ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵥⵕⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵎⵔⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵎⵎⵣⵔⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴳⵉⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⵡⵉⵔ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ.

ⵉⵙⴱⴷⴷ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ ⵜⴰⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⵍⵍⵅⴼ ⴷ ⵉⵔⵣⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵏⵣⵍⵓⵎⵏ, ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵜⵍ ⴰⵙⵎⵓⵜⵜⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵔⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⴼⵔⴰⴽⵜ (ⵏⵖ ⵜⴰⵔⴼⵔⴰⴽⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⴰ) ⴷ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵏⵢⵉⵎⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵙⵙⵉⵍⵉⵖⵏ, ⴷ ⵖⴼ ⵓⵙⵎⴽⵍ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵣⵎⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⴷⴰⵢ (ⵏⵖ ⴰⵛⵔⴰⴽ) ⵉⵍⴻⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵎⴰⵜⵜⵉ.

ⵜⵙⴷⴷⵉⴷ ⵜⵣⵔⴰⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⴼ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⵎⴰⵍⴰⵜⵏ ⵉⵔⵉⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵔⴽⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵥⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵣⵎⵔⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵣⵔⵉⵔ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵢⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵎⵏ/ⵉⵎⵜⵔⴰⴳ. ⵙⵡⵓⵜⵜⴰⵏ ⵉⵔⵣⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵖⴼ ⵉⵊⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴽⴽⵓⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵏⵉⴷⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⴼⵍⵉⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵉⵎⵥⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵕⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵚⵍⴹⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ. ⵙ ⵓⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴼⵙⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉ ⵓⴷⵍⵉⵙ «ⴰⵙⴼⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵡⴰⵔⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ» ⴳ 1899, ⵍⵀⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵥⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵜⴰⵎⵥⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⵉⴼⴰⵡⵏ.Tere sa de Lauretis, Freud's Drive (Basingstoke 2008) ⵜⵙ. 3Miller, Alice. Thou Shalt Not Be Aware, Society's Betrayal of the Child New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 1984, pp. 105–227Tyson, Phyllis. (2002). The challenges of psychoanalytic developmental theory. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 50, 19–52

 ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ 

 ⵙⵉⴳⵎⵓⵏⴷ ⴼⵔⵓⵢⴷ
 ⵜⴰⵙⵏⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ

 ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ