ⵜⵛⴰⵔⵍⵉ ⵜⵛⴰⴱⵍⵉⵏ

ⵜⵛⴰⵔⵍⵉ ⵜⵛⴰⴱⵍⵉⵏ ⵏⵖ ⴷ ⵙⵙⵉⵔ ⵜⵛⴰⵔⵍⵣ ⵙⴱⴰⵏⵙⵔ ⵜⵛⴰⵔⵍⵉ ⵜⵛⴰⴱⵍⵉⵏ (16 ⵉⴱⵔⵉⵍ 1889 - 25 ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ 1977) ⵉⴳⴰ ⴰⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢ  ⴰⵎⵙⴹⵚⴰ  , ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵏⵢⴰ/ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ , ⴷ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵉⵏⴰⵔⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⴰⵡⵏⴳⵍⵉⵣ/ ⴰⴱⵔⵉⵟⴰⵏⵉ . ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵍⴰⴼⵍⴰⵎ ⵉⵙⵃⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵡⵉⵣⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵙ ⵓⴱⵍⵍⴳⵙⴰⵔ (the tramp).  ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵉⵡⵔⵉⴽⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵟⵟⴰⴼⵏ  ⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⵍⵏ  ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⵜ/ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 75 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ.

ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⵜⵛⴰⵔⵍⵉ ⵜⵛⴰⴱⵍⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⵥⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵍⵓⴹⵓⵏ, ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⵓⵥⵍⴰⴹⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⵔⴰ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⴰ ⵉⵖⵉⵙⵎ ⴷ ⵓⵔ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵉⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵔⵍⵉ ⴽⴰ ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⴰⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵜⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ. ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⵜⵛⴰⴱⵍⵉⵏ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⵉⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵉⵣⵡⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵉⴳ ⴰⵙⵎⴷⴰⵢ ⴰⵏⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⴹⵚⵉ. ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⴽⵎ ⴰⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ 19 ⵉⵙⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵓⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴼⵔⵉⴷ ⴽⴰⵔⵏⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ. ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵢⵓⵣⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ, ⴳ 1914 ⵉⵍⵀⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵔⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵍⵡⵓ ⴳ "ⵙⵜⵓⴷⵢⵓⵡⴰⵜ ⴽⵉⵙⵜⵓⵏ" ⴷ ⴷⵖⵢⴰ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵜⵉⵡⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰ ⵏ "ⴰⴱⴳⵍⵍⵙⴰⵔ" ⴷ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵍⵙⵉⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⴷⵎⴰ ⴰⵏⵏ ⵜⵙⴽⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵍⵓⴳⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ ⴰⴽⵓⴷⴰⵏⵏ. ⵉⵙⵙⵏⵜⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵙ ⵢⵉⵖⴼ ⵏⵏⵙ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⴳⵔ ⵉⵙⵜⵓⴷⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵉⵙⴰⵏⴰⵢ ⴷ ⵎⵓⵜⵡⴰⵍ, ⴷ ⵉⴳ ⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ 1918 ⴳ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⴹⴰⵍ .
 ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵏⴼⵍⵓⵍⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵔⵖ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵉⵙⵃⵙⵙⴰⵏ (1919- 1938) 
ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1919, ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⵜⵛⴰⴱⵍⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵔⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵔⵙⴰⵍ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵙⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵟⵟⵓⴹⵜ "ⵢⵓⵏⴰⵢⵜⵉⴷ ⴰⵕⵜⵉⵙⵜ" ⴷ ⵉⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⵎⵎ ⵎⴰⵕⵉ ⴱⵉⴽⴼⵓⵔⴷ ⴷ ⴷⵓⴳⵍⴰⵚ ⴼⵉⵔⴱⴰⵏⴽⵙ. ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⴼⵖ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ: 

ⴰⵃⵔⵎⵓⵛ ( 1921 ): ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⴰⵖⵣⵣⴰⴼ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴽⵓⵎⵉⴷⵉⵜ/ⵜⵎⵙⴹⵚⵉⵜ ⴷ ⴹⵕⴰⵎⴰ  

ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵔⵖ (1925 ): ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⴰⵏⴹⴰⵍⵓⵕ ⴰⴽⵓⵎⵉⴷⵉ, ⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⵜⵛⴰⵔⵍⵉ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵏ ⴰⴷ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⵓⴼⵍⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⴰⵙⵉⵔⴽ (1928):  ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵏ " ⵓⵚⴽⴰⵕ "ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵜⵍⵡⴰ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⵙⵉⵡⵍⵜ, ⵓⵔ ⵉⵔⵉ ⵜⵛⴰⴱⵍⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵉⵎⵎⴰⵜⵜⵉ ⴰⴽⵓⴷ ⴰⵏⵏ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴰⵔⵙ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵉⵙⵃⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼⵏ ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵜⵏ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴷ: ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ (1931), ⴷ ⵉⵣⵎⴰⵣ ⵉⵜⵔⴰⵔⵏ (1936).

 ⵜⴰⴱⴰⵍⵉⵙⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵥⵄⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵙⴳ  ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ 
ⴳ ⵜⴽⵓⵎⵔⴰⵡⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵊⵕⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵙⵉⵎⵔⴰⵡ, ⴷⴷⴰⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵔⵍⵉ ⵜⵛⴰⴱⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵏⵉⵛⴰⵏ. ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ "ⴰⵎⴷⵏⴰⴽ/ⴰⴷⵉⴷⴽⵜⴰⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⵏⵓⴼⵍⴰⵢ" (1940) ⴷ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵀⵉⵜⵍⵉⵕ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴰⵣⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵙⵙⵉⵡⵍ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵣⵡⵉⵔⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ. ⴳ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⴷ ⵉⴽⵜⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵓⵎⵙⴳⴷⴰⵍ ⵖⵉⴼⵙ ⴷ ⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⴰⵙ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵜⴰⵡⵙⵜ ⵉ ⵜⵊⵎⴰⵡⵜ, ⴷ ⵉⴹⵕ ⵏⵏ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵙⵔⴰⴼⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵚⵉⵕⵉⴹⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵄⵓⵕⵉⴹⵏ ⵓⴷⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏ, ⵙⵔⴳⵏ ⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵢⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⵏⵏⵓⵕⵥⵎⵏ ⴰⵔⵣⵣⵓ ⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵓⵙⵉⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵔⵣⵣⵓⵜⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⴷⵉⵔⴰⵍⵉⵏ (FBI). ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1952, ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⵙ ⵍⵓⵏⴷⵓⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵛ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵓⴼⵙⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏⵏⵙ  "ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ", ⵉⵎⵉⵍ ⵜⵙⵙⵔ ⴰⵙ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵥⵕⵉⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵔⴰⴷ ⵢⵓⵔⵔⵉ, ⴷ ⵉⴷⴷⵓ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵜⵛⴰⴱⵍⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵙⵡⵉⵙⵔⴰ.

 ⵉⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵉⵎⴳⴳⵓⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵕⵓⴱⵜ (1977-1953) 
ⵉⴷⴷⵔ ⵜⵛⴰⴱⵍⵉⵏ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⴰⵙ ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵙⵡⵉⵙⵔⴰ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵓⵏⴰ ⵓⵏⵉⵍ ⴷ ⵜⵡⵊⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵉⵙⵎⴷ ⵉ ⵓⴼⴰⵔⵙ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ, ⴰⵎ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵏⵢⵓ ⵢⵓⵕⴽ (1972) ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵣⵖⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⵔⵜⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏⵉⵜ. ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1972 ⵢⵓⵔⵔⵉ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵙ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵎⴰⴷ ⴰⵙ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ 20 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⴼⵜⴰ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵜⵉⴽⴽⵍⵜ ⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴱⴰⵛ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵎⵥ  ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ ⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵕⵕⵛⵛ ⵉⵔⵖⴰⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴽⴽⴰⵏ 12 ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴷⵉⴷⵜ, ⴳ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵓⵔⵣⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⵡⴰ ⴳⵔ ⴰⵙ ⴷ ⵀⵓⵍⵢⵓⴷ. 

 ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵎⴽⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ 
ⵜⵜⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵔⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵓⵙⵎⵓⵏ ⴳⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⵙⴹⵚⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵢⵢⵃⴰⵏⵜ/ⵜⴰⵙⴰⵢⵃⴰⵏⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵓⴼⵔⴰⵢⵜ  ⵜⴰⵏⴰⴼⴳⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵖⴱⵓⵜ (pathos). ⵉⵎⵔⵙⵉⵜⵏ: ⵉⴷⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵖⵏⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⴼⵔⴰⵔ (the tramp) ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴱⴷⴷⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⴽⴽⵔ ⴷ ⵜⴱⴰⵣⵉⵏⵜ ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵔⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵔⵜⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵏⴰⵎⵓⵏⵉⵏ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵔⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵜⴷⴷⵓⴳⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵏⵖⴰⵏ, ⴷ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴽⵔⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵛⵇⵇⴰⵏ. ⴷ ⵉⴽⴽⴰ ⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵢⴰⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏⵏⵉⵏ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ (smile) ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴳ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ "ⵉⵣⵎⴰⵣ ⵉⵜⵔⴰⵔⵏ ".

 ⵜⴰⵎⵜⵜⴰⵏⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ 
ⵜⵛⴰⵔⵍⵉ ⵜⵛⴰⴱⵍⵉⵏ ⴳ ⴽⵟⵓⴱⵕ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1977 ⵉⵍⵀⴰ ⴰⵔ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵅⵛⵉⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵓⵙⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵎⵥ ⵜ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵖⴽⵔⴰ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵅⵛⵏⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⴰⵏⵏ . ⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵓⴼⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 25 ⴳ ⵡⴰⵢⵢⵓⵔ ⵏ ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ ⴳ 1977 ⵉⵙⵕⵕⴼ ⵜⵛⴰⵔⵍⵉ ⵜⵛⴰⴱⵍⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵎⵎⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵜ ⵜⵓⵎⵥ ⵜⴰⴼⵙⵙⵉⵜ ⵏ ⵎⴰⵍⵍⵅⴼ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴳⵏ, ⴳ ⵓⵡⵜⴰⵢ ⵏ 88 ⵏ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ, ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵏⴹⴰⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⵎⴹⵍ ⵏ ⴽⵓⵔⵙⵉⵔ - ⵙⵓⵔ - ⴼⵉⴼⵉ. 

 ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵉ ⵏⵏⵙ 
ⵉⴼⵍ ⴷ ⵜⵛⴰⵔⵍⵉ ⵜⵛⴰⴱⵍⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵢⵙⵉ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵉⵙⵜⴰⵡⵀⵎⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴷ ⵉⴼⵍⵏ ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ, ⴷ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵉⵄⵣⵣⴰ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⵙⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵍⴰ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵜⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏⵉⵏ, ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴷⴰ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⴰⴹⵚⴰ, ⴷ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵙⵓⵎ ⵎⴽⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵍⴽⵓⵎ ⵜⵉⴱⵔⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴷ ⴽⴰⴷⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵖⴰⵡⵙⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ. ⴷ ⵙⵜⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴱⴰⵛ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⴳ ⵉⵡⴰⵏⴽⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵟⵟⴰⴼⵏ ⴰⵜⵉⴳ ⴳ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵓⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ.  

 ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵏ  ⵏⵏⵙ 
ⵜⵉⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⴽⴰⵔ:
 ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⴳⴰⵏⵜ  (1929): ⵖⴼ ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ " ⴰⵙⵉⵔⴽ ".
 ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⴳⴰⵏⵜ (1972): ⵖⴼ ⵜⴳⵔⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷ ⵢⵉⴹⵉⵚ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴳⵓⵔⵉ  ⵏ ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ/ⵜⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⵜ.
 ⴰⵎⵓⴼⴰⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵍⴰⴼ  ( 1973 ) :ⵖⴼ ⵓⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ  " ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ  ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ ".
 ⵜⴰⵎⴰⴷⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⴽⴷⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⴱⵕⵉⵟⴰⵏⵉⵜ: ⵢⵓⵎⵥ ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵏ "ⴰⵎⵏⴰⵢ " ⵙⴳ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵜⴳⵍⴷⵉⵜ ⵉⵍⵉⵥⴰⴱⵉⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵙⵏⴰⵜ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1975 . 
 ⵜⴰⵙⵎⵖⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵣⵎ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵔⵖ ⵙⴳ "ⴰⵏⵎⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴱⵓⵃⴱⴱⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⵜ" (1972).
 ⵜⵉⵜⵔⵉⵜ ⴳ ⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵙⵓⵙⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵀⵓⵍⵢⵓⴷ (1972 ).

 ⵉⴳⵉⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ 
 ⴰⵃⵔⵎⵓⵛ (the kid) 1921
 ⵜⴰⵎⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴱⴰⵔⵉⵣ (A Woman of paris) 1923.
 ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵔⵖ (the gold rush) 1925 .
 ⴰⵙⵉⵔⴽ (the circus) 1928.
 ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ (city lights) 1931.
 ⴰⴷⵉⴽⵜⴰⵜⵓⵔ ⴰⵏⵓⴼⵍⴰⵢ (the great dictator) 1940.
 ⵎⴰⵙⵙ ⴼⵉⵔⴷⵓ (monsieur verdoux) 1947.
 ⴰⵙⵉⴷⴷ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⴳⵓⵏ (limelight) 1952.
 ⴰⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⴳ ⵏⵢⵓ ⵢⵓⵔⴽ (A king in New York) 1957.
 ⴽⵓⵏⵜⵉⵙⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵀⵓⵏⴳ ⴽⵓⵏⴳ (A countess from hong kong) 1967.

 ⵉⵡⵏⵏⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ 

 ⴽⵔⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵃⵙⵙⵓ ⵜⵉⴳⵓⵔⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵙ ⵜⵏⵏⵉⴷ ⴽⵢⵢ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵟⵟⵉⴼⵏⵜ ⴰⵜⵉⴳ, ⴷ ⵉⵄⵣⵣⴰ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵡⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⴽ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵃⵎⵉⵍⴷ ⴽⵢⵢ.

 ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵉⴽⵚⵓⴹⴷ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ, ⵀⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵏ ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵉⵡⵏⴳⵉⵎⵏ ⵏⵏⵙⵏ ⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵡⵜ ⵏⵏⴽ.

 ⴰⴷ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⴳⵓⴷⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵓⵍⵖⴰ ⴰⴱⴰⵛ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴹⵉⵕⴷ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵏⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵅⵏⴷⴰⵍⵍⴰⵙⵜ, ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵓⵔ ⵜⵙⵙⵉⴳⵓⴷⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴼⵏⵥⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵏⵏ ⵓⵔ ⵜⴹⵉⵕⴷ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵍⵍⴰⵖⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⵙⵉⵙⵜ.
 ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ 

 ⵙⵙⵉⵏⵉⵎⴰ
 ⵎⵉⵔⵉⴽⴰⵏ
 ⵉⴼⵉⵍⵎⵏ ⵉⵙⵃⵙⵙⴰⵏ
 ⵊⵓⵕⵊ ⴱⵉⵔⵏⴰⵔⴷ ⵛⴰⵡ

 ⵉⵙⵍⴽⵎⵏ ⵏ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ 

 ⵢⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵍⴼⵉⵍⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵛⴰⵔⵍⵉ ⵛⴰⴱⵍⵉⵏ

 ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ