ⵡⴰⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵎⵓⵏ

ⵡⴰⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵎⵓⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵍⵡⴰⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵉⵎⵓⵏ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵏⴰⵥⵓⵕ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼⵉ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ ⴰⵔ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵜⵉⵏⵏⵉⵏ ⴰⴳⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵥⵍⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⵔⵉⴼⵉⵜ. ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ 1959 ⴳ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵙⵉⴷⴰⵍ ⵉⵥⵍⵎⴹ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ. ⵉⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵉⵔⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵢⴰⵣⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵥⵍⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵍⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵔⴰ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵏⵓⵙⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵏⵣⴳⵓⵎ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴰⴳⵉⵜ, ⵉⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵍⵎⴰⴷⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵥⵓⵕⵉ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏⵖ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ.

ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ
ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1959 ⵖ ⴰⵢⵜ ⵙⵉⴷⵍ ⵖ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ  ⵏⴰⴹⵓⵔ. ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵉⵎⵥⵉ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵍⵎⴰⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵊⴰ ⵢⴰⴼⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⴰⴹⵉⴼⵉ ⵉⴷⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⵉⵎⴹⵉ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵎⵉⴽ ⵖ ⵓⴱⴰⵖⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵢⵙⵙⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵢⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵇⴱⵓⵔⵉⵏ. ⵖⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⵖ ⴷ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵜ, ⵢⴰⵙⵉ ⴷ ⴰⵖⴷⵊⴰⵊ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵏⵓⵏⵓⵢ ⴳ ⵓⴳⵓⵏⵙⵉⵡ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⴼ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵙⵡⴰⵏⴳⵎ, ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ ⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵔ ⵉⴳⵡⵉⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ ⵏ ⴼⴰⵙ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⴰ ⵢⴰⵇⵔ ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵜ, ⵖ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏ ⵏⵖ ⵉⵡⴰⵍⵉⵡⵏ ⵢⴰⴷⵏ ⵎⴰⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⴳⵓⴷⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵖⵍⴰⵖⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵙⵢⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵡⴰⵏⴻⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ. ⵢⴰⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴳⵉⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵊⵊⴰ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵢⵍⵍⵉ ⵙⵢⴰⴼⴰⵏ ⵏⵜⵜⵉⵏⵉ ⵖ ⵉⵣⴷⴰⵔ. ⵓⵔ ⵉⴽⴽⵉ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵙ ⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⵙⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓⵜ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1980 ⵉⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⴰⵊⵊⴰⵊⵏⵖ ⵉⴳⴳⵉⴳ. ⵓⵔ ⵜⵜ ⵓⵊⵊⵉⵏ ⵉⵏⴱⴰⴷⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵜⵜⵏⵓⵣ ⵀ ⵉⵍⵣⵓⵣⵏ ⵎⴽⵍⵉ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵔⵉⵔ ⴼ ⵜⵎⵓⴽⵔⵉⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⵎⵜⵜⵉ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵓⴽⵉⵢⵜ. ⵎⴰⵢⴰⵏ ⵏⵉⵜ ⴰⴼⵜ ⵟⵉⴼⵏ ⵙ ⵓⵖⵣⵓ ⵙⴼⴰⵖⵏⵜ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵓⵢⵢⴰⵏ ⵖ ⵜⵉⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ. ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⴷ ⵉⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⵜⵙⴷⴰⵡⵉⵜ, ⵉⴳⴳⴰⵡⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽ ⴰⴼ ⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵢⴰⴷⵏ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵙⵎⵍ ⵏ ''ⴰⵎⵜⵍⵓⵄ'' (ⵉⵏⵊⴷⵉ), ⵉⴽⴽ ⴷⴰⵖ ⵉⴳⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵎⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙⵏ ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⴼⴼⴰⵖ ⵜⴰⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ ⵢⴰⴷⵏ (ⵜⴰⵢⵢⵓⵜ).

ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1991, ⵉⴷⴷⴰ ⵙ ⵀⵓⵍⴰⵏⴷⴰ ⵉⵖⴰⵎⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵉⴽ, ⵙⵉⵖⵜ ⵢⴰⵖ ⵓⵎⴰⵔⴳ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵢⵓⵔⵔⵉⴷ ⵖ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ 1994. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⴽⴰⵍ ⵏ ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ ⵓⵔ ⵙⵓⵍ ⵉⵣⴷⴰⵔ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⵎⵓ ⵜⴰⴳⵓⴷⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵡⴰⵔⴳⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵎⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⴼ ⵢⵓⵙⵉ ⵜⴰⴳⵉⵜⴰⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵎⵊⵊⴰ ⵉⴳⴳⴰⴷⵊ ⵖⵔ ⴱⵍⵊⵉⴽⴰ ⵉⴳ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴰⵎⴰⵔⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⵡⴰⴳⵏ ⵣⵓⵏⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵏ.
ⵉⵣⵍⴰⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ

 ⴰⵢⴰⵜⵎⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵢⴰⵏⴻⵏ
 ⵛⴰⵔ ⵖⴰ ⵜⴰⴽⴽⵎ ⵜⴰⵜⵔⵓⵎ
 ⴰⵢⴰ ⵢⴰⵜⵎⴰ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵢⴰⵏⵏ
 ⴰⵢⴰ ⵢⴰⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵜⵜⵏ ⴰⵖⵔⵓⵎ
 ⵉⵢⴰⴳⵡⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵉⵎⴰⵜⵜⴰⵡⵏ
 ⴰⵢⵏⵏⵉ ⵜⴰⵜⵙⵏ ⵅⵓ ⵔⵓⵎ ⴰⵢⴰ ⴰⵏⵡⴰⵛ ⵉⵢⵉⵙⵔⴰⵡⵏ
 ⵜⵎⴰⵏⴷⴰⵔⵎ ⴷⴳ ⵉⴱⵔⵉⴷⵏ
 ⴷⵎⴰⵙⵀⵎ ⵉⵀⴰⴽⵓⵙⵏ
 ⵜⴰⴳⴳⵓⵔⵎ ⵜⴰⵙⵙⵉⵔⵉⴷⵎ
 ⵉⵇⴰⴷⴰⵡⴰⵀ ⴰⵏⵙⵏ.
 2 ⴷⵛⴰⵔ ⵉⵏⵓ
 ⵉⵙⴰⵎⵎⵉⴷⵏ ⵜⵄⴰⵊⵊⴰⵊⵉⵏ
 ⴷⵉ ⴷⵛⴰⵔ ⵉⵏⵓ
 ⵀⴰⴷⵎⵏⵜ ⵔⴰⵀⵢⵓⴷ
 ⵏ ⴷⵛⴰⵔ ⵉⵏⵓ
 ⵉⴳⵀⴰⵔⵡⴰⴷ (1) ⴷⵉ ⵅⴰⵎⵔⴰⵡⵏ
 ⴷⵉ ⴷⵛⴰⵔ ⵉⵏⵓ
 ⵔⴰⵎⵙⴰⴽⵉⵏ ⵉⵄⴰⵣⵔⵉⵢⵏ
 ⵏ ⴷⵛⴰⵔ ⵉⵏⵓ
 ⴰⴷⴷⴰⵢⴰⵄⵏ ⴷⵉ ⴷⵛⴰⵔ ⵉⵏⵓ
 ⴰⵢⵢⴰ ⴼⴰⴷⵊⴰⵀ ⵏ ⴷⵛⴰⵔ ⵉⵏⵓ
 ⴷⵡⴰⵏⵏⵉ ⴰⵜⵜⵉⴷⵉ ⵏ ⴷⵛⴰⵔ ⵉⵏⵓ
 ⵉⵀⴰⵏⵊⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵣⵢⴰⵏⴻⵏ
 ⵏ ⴷⵛⴰⵔ ⵉⵏⵓ.

ⵜⴰⵙⴼⵉⴼⵜ
 ⴰⵊⵊⴰⵊ 1980.
 ⴰⵎⵜⵍⵓⵄ 1986.
 ⵜⴰⵢⵢⵓⵜ 1997.

ⵥⵕ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ

 ⴰⵔⵔⵉⴼ
 ⵅⴰⵍⵉⴷ ⵉⵣⵔⵉ
 ⵍⵃⵓⵙⵉⵎⴰ

 ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ