ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ

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! colspan="7" style="background: #eee; text-align: center;"| <font size= +1><center>ⵜⵉⵖⵎⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜ: ⴰⵢⴷⴰ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⴱⵟⵟⴰⵏ</center></font>
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! colspan="7" style="background: #FFFFEE; text-align: center;"| ⵉⵙⴼⴽⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ
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| ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ| 18px ⵍⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱ
|-style="border: 1px solid #eee; background: #f9f9f9;
| ⴰⵏⴰⵡ| ⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰⵏ
|-style="border: 1px solid #eee; background: #f9f9f9;
| ⵉⵙⴼⵔⴰⵏ| (ii)(iv)
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| ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ| 30ⵀⴰ
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| ⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔ ⵟⵓⵎⴱⵓⵏ| 15ⵀⴰ
|-style="border: 1px solid #eee; background: #f9f9f9;
| ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ| 753
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| ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵣⵎⵎⴻⵎ| 2001 (ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⵍⵜ ⵜⵉⵙⵙ 25)
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|}ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ (ⵏⵉⵖ ⵜⴰⵚⵚⵓⵔⵜ, ⵙ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ الصويرة, ⵙ ⵜⴼⵔⴰⵏⵙⵉⵙⵜ Essaouira)  ⵜⴱⴷⴷ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴰⵎⵉⵔⴰⵢ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ 18 (1760-1770) ⵙ ⵓⴼⵓⵙ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴷ ⴱⵏ ⵄⴱⴷⵓⵍⵍⴰⵀ, ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵔⵔⵓⴽⵉⵜ ⵜⴻⵜⵜⴰⴳⴳⵯⴰ ⵏⵏ ⵅⴼ ⵓⴳⴰⵔⴰⵡ ⴰⵏⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙ, ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵉⵇⴱⵔⵏ, ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵥⵍⴰⵢⵜ. ⴷⵖⵉ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴷ ⵜⴷⵍⵙⴰ, ⵜⴻⵜⵜⵡⴰⵙⵙⵏ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵙ "ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵡⴰⴹⵓ".
ⴰⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵢⵓⵔⵉ ⵙ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ “ⵉⴼⵉⵏⵉⴽⵏ”  ⴰⵍⵍⵉⴳ ⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵙⴰⴳⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ. ⴷ'ⵓⴳⵍⵉⴷ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵔⵉⵜⴰⵏⵉ ⵜⵉⵏⵊⵉⵙ ⵢⵓⴱⴰ ⵡⵉⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵉⵙⴽⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ  ⴰⵙⴰⵡⵓⵔ ⵏ ⵉⴽⵓⵍⵢⴰⵏ ⵣ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵊⵓⵏ, ⵉⴽⴰⵜⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵉ ⵜⵓⵏⵣⴰ ⵉ ⵉⵔⵓⵎⵉⵢⵏ . ⵀⵍⵍⵉ ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⴱⵔⵜⵇⵉⵣⵏ ⴹⴼⵓⵔⵜⵏ ⵉⵙⵄⴷⵉⵢⵉⵏ .ⵎⴰⵛ ⵎⵓⵃⵎⵎⴰⴷ ⵡⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ ⴰⵄⴰⵍⴰⵡⵉ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⴰⵢⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⴽⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵚⵓⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴷⵉⵎⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵙⵎⴰⵙ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ, ⴷ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⵉ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⴷⴰⴳ ⵜⵢⵓⴷⵓⵔ ⴽⵓⵎⵓⵏⴷ  ⵓⵔⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴳ 1760.

ⵜⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰ
ⴰⵎ ⵜⴰⵊⵓⵎⵎⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵎⵥⵥⵉⵏ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⵏⵉⵖ ⵜⴰⵚⵚⵓⵕⵜ, ⵜⴰⵎⴷⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⵎⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵖⴱⵓⵍⴰ ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⴳⵔ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵎⴷⴷⵏ ⴷ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵔⵏⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ ⴷ ⵉⵊⵎⵉⵍⵏ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ:

 ⵜⴰⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ 
ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⵏⵏⴰⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴷⵎⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⴳⵓⵔⴰⵏ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵜⵎⵇⵓⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴼⴰⴷⵉⵡⵉⵏ, ⴰⵜⵜⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵏ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵓⵏⵙ ⴷ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ ⴽⵓ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⵯⴰⵙ, ⴷ ⵍⵍⵉ ⴳ ⵜⴳⴰ ⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵓⵊⴰⵏ ⵉⴱⴰⵥⴰⵕⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵉⴹⵉ ⴰⴷ  ⴽⵜⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓⵜ, ⴼⵙⵔⵏ ⵜⵢⴰⴼⵓⵜⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵏⵉⴹⵉ ⴳ ⵓⵥⵟⵟⴰ, ⵜⵉⵎⵍⵙⵉⵜ, ⴰⵣⵓⴽⴰ, ⴷ ⵉⴽⵜⵜⵓⵢⵏ. ⵜⴽⵜⵓⵔ ⵓⵍⴰ ⵙ ⵜⵃⵓⵏⴰ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ ⴷ ⵉⴳⴰⴷⴰⵣⵏ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⴰⴷ, ⵓⵍⴰ ⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⴽⵎⵏ ⵓⴳⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 80 000 ⵏ ⵓⴼⴳⴰⵏ ⵉⴳ ⵏⵉⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴳⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵙⵙⵓⵎⵔⴰ ⵉⵅⵚⵚⴰ ⵜⵜ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵚ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵏⵣⵣⵓⵜⵉⵏ.

ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ
ⴰⵔ ⵉⵜⴰⵛⴽⴰ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢⵏ ⵙ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⵣ ⵓⴳⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵍⵎⵔⵔⵓⴽ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴱⵕⵕⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ , ⴰⴼⴰⴷ ⵥⵕⵏ  ⵜⵓⵙⴽⴰ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⴰⵇⴱⵓⵔⵜ ⴰⵎ ⵙⵇⴰⵍⴰ,ⵍⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵇⴷⵉⵎⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴳⴳⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵉⵇⴱⵓⵔⵏ..., ⴷ ⵟⴰⴼ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵉⴼⵊⵉⵊⵏ ⴷ ⵓⵏⴼⵍⵓ ⵉⴼⵓⵍⴽⵉⵏ ⵖ ⵎⴰⵕⵕⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ . ⴷ ⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵉⴳⵓⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵏⵓⴱⴳ , ⴰⵔ ⴱⴰⵀⵔⴰ ⵙⵙⵏ ⴰⵎⵓⵙⵙⵓ ⵏ ⵉⵎⴰⵍⴰⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵓⵏⴱⴷⵓ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵙⵓⵏⴼⵓ http://www.crimarrakech.ma/def.asp?codelangue= .

ⵜⴰⴳⵎⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴰⵏⵜ
ⵜⴳⴰ ⵍⵎⵔⵚⴰ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵣ ⵉⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴷⵎⵙⴰ ⴳ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ , ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴼⵍⵓⴽⵏ ⴷ ⵍⴱⴰⵅⵉⵔⴰⵜ ⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵓⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ 1000 ⵏ ⵓⴳⴼⴰⵏ , ⵙⵓⵍ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴰⴳⴷⵣ ⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⵏ ⵍⵉ ⵏⵣⵎⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⴼ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴰⵟⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵙⴰⵢⵏ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⵏ https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=EsRyGpXJ6Rs&itct=CBcQpDAYACITCIzbsfH3-9gCFUPBfgodJ5gKqlIZ2YXZitmG2KfYoSDYp9mE2LXZiNmK2LHYqQ%3D%3D&gl=MA&hl=fr&
ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ
ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ
ⵍⵉⵖ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵎⵢⴰⵏⴰⵡ ⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⵍⵙⴰ , ⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵏⵎⵓⴳⴰⵔ ⵣⵓⵏ ⴷ :
ⴰⵏⵎⵓⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴳⵏⴰⵡⴰ ⴷ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⴹⵍⴰⵏ 
ⴰⵏⵎⵓⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⴰⵏⴷⴰⵍⵓⵙⵉⵏ ⴰⵟⵍⴰⵙⵉ, ⴰⵏⵎⵓⴳⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵉⵄⵔⵉⵎⵏ ⵏ ⴳⵏⴰⵡⴰ.
ⵖⴰⵏ ⴰⴼ ⵏⵣⵎⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⴼ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴰⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⵎ ⴳⵏⴰⵡⴰ, ⵜⵉⵔⵓⵢⵙⵙⴰ ⴷ ⵛⴰⵄⴱⵉ. ⵣ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⴱⵓⵔⵣⵏ ⵎⵏⴰⵡ ⵏ ⵉⵏⴰⵥⵓⵔⵏ ⴰⵎ:  ⵎⴰⵃⵎⵓⴷ ⴳⵉⵏⵢⴰ,ⴰⴱⴷⵔⴰⵃⵉⵎ ⵙⵡⵉⵔⵉ ⴷ ⵚⴰⵍⵃ ⵍⴱⴰⵛⴰ ⴷ ⵙⴰⵄⵉⴷ ⵜⴰⵖⵎⴰⵡⵉ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵢⵢⴰⴹ .

ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵜ
ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⵟⴰⴼ ⵉⵏⵓⵥⴰⵕ ⵉⵎⵙⵍⵖⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵛⵖⴰⵢⴱⵉⵢⴰ ⵟⴰⵍⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵔⴳⵔⴰⴳⵉⵢⴰ, ⵉⵖ ⵏⴽⴽⵉ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⴷⵖⵉ ⵏⵥⴹⴰⵔ ⴰⵏⴰⴼ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⵜ ⵏ  ⵉⵙⴼⵙⵉⵔⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⴼⵔⵉⵙⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵉⵥⵓⵕⵉⵡⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⵙⵉⵍⵖⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ ⴰⵙⴼⵙⵔ  ⵜⵉⵍⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵙⴼⵙⵔ ⵓⵟⵉⵍⵓ ⴷ ⴷⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵉⵔⵉ .

ⴰⵙⵓⵙⵔ ⴰⵎⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ
ⴰⵙⵓⵙⵔ ⴰⵎⵓⵟⵟⵓⵏ (ⵏ ⵜⵃⴰⵊⵉⵜ "ⴰⵚⵎⵎⵉⴹ ⴷ ⵜⴰⴼⵓⴽⵜ")

 ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⴳ ⵜⴰⵚⵚⵓⵕⵜ 
ⵙⴳ ⵜⴰⵢⵍⴳⵉ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⵜⵜⵓⵢⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵢⴷⴷⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵓⵙⵉⴽⵍ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵉⵎⵣⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵉⵙⵏⵓⵃⵢⵓⵜⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵜⵓⵖⴰ ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⴳⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⴳ ⵡⴰⵎⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵚⵚⵓⵕⵜ ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵓⴼⵔⴰ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵉⵎⵓⵙⵍⵎⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵕⵓⵎⵉⵏ, ⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⵣⴷⵖⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⴷⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵙⵙⴰⵖ ⵏ "ⵍⵎⵍⴰⵃ'''", ⴰⵔ ⵙⵡⵓⵔⵉⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵚⵉⵢⴰⵖⵜ ⴷ ⴽⵉⴳⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵣⵣⵓⵍⵉⵏ, ⵙ ⵎⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⵓⵖⴰ ⴷⴰ ⵙⴰⵡⴰⵍⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵏⵉⵖ ⴷⴷⴰⵔⵉⵊⴰ ⵓⵍⴰⵜⴰⵄⵉⴱⵔⵉⵜ, ⴳ ⵜⵎⵍⵙⵉⵜ ⵖⵓⵔⵙⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵉⵎⴽⵕⴰⴹⵏ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵎⴰⵛ ⵙ ⵓⵎⴷⵢⴰ ⵜⵉⴼⵔⵅⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⵍⵙⴰⵏ ⵍⵇⴼⵟⴰⵏ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⵏⵉ ⴰⵔ ⴼⵍⵍⴰⵙ ⵜⵔⵏⵓⵏ ⴽⵔⴰ ⵏ ⵣⵡⴰⵇ, ⵓⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵓⵥⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴷⴰⵔⵙⵏ ⵜⴰⵙⴳⵎⴹⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵉⵍⵍⵉⵏ ⴰⵔ ⴷⵖⵉ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵉⵡⵔⵉⴽⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⴳⴰⵏ ⵓⴷⴰⵢⵏ ⴰⵎ:
ⴰⵏⴷⵔⵉ ⴰⵣⵓⵍⴰⵢ.

 ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ 
ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵥⵍⵉⵏⵜ ⵙ ⵜⴰⵚⵚⵓⵕⵜ, ⴳⴰⵏⵜ ⴷⵖⵉ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ. ⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⵜⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴳⵣⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵎⴰⵛ ⵙⵉⵏ ⴰ ⵉⵎⵇⵇⵓⵔⵏ ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵜⴰⵍⵍⵉ ⵢⴰⴽ ⵉⵎⵇⵙⵓⵔⵏ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⴰⴷ ⵢⴰⴽⴽⴰⵏ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵉⵎⵥⵕⵉ ⵉⵥⵉⵍⵏ ⵉ ⵜⴰⵖⴰⵔⵜ ⴷ ⵜⵜⵢⵓⵙⵙⴰⵏ ⵙⵉⵙ, ⵜⵍⵍⴰ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵜⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⴷⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵚⵇⴰⵍⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵜⴰⵙ (ⴰⵜⴰⵔⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ).

ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵖⵓⵔⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⴰⵣⴰⵢⴽⵓ, ⵓⴼⴰⵏ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴰⵢⴷⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⵕⵓⵎⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵉⵎⵓⵔⵉⵢⵉⵏ ⴰⵎ ⵜⴰⵙⵓⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴳⵍⵍⵉⴷ ⵊⵓⴱⴰ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⵔⵓ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵙⵙ ⵙⵉⵏ, ⵜⵓⵖⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⴰⵙⴽⵯⵏ ⵏ ⵉⴽⵯⵍⴰⵏ, ⵜⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴱⴷⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵎⵎⴰⵙ ⵏ ⵜⵙⴱⴱⴰⴱⵜ ⵏⴳⵔ ⵉⵇⴱⵉⵍⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵖⵉⵏⵏⴰ ⴷ ⵉⴱⵕⴰⵏⵉⵏ. ⴳ ⵓⵣⵎⵣ ⵏ ⴹⴰⵕⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴽⵛⵛⵓⵎ ⵍⵉⵙⵍⴰⵎ ⵜⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⵜ ⵜⵎⵣⴳⵉⴷⴰ ⴷ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵥⴽⴽⴰ ⵉ ⵓⵃⵟⵟⵓ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴱⴰⵢⵢⵓⵕ ⴰⵔ ⵜⵉⴳⵉⵔⴰ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵓⴱⵏⵉⵇ ⵉ ⵡⵉⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⴼⴼⵓⵖⵏ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴱⴱⴰⴹ ⵏ ⵚⵓⵍⵟⴰⵏ, ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵢⴰⴹⵏⵉⵏ ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴱⴷⴰ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⵏⵙⴰ ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴽ ⴷ ⵓⵎⴰⵜⵔ ⴳ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ ⵉ ⵜⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵚⵚⵓⵕⵜ ⴰⵎ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵥⵢⴰⵏⵜ. ⴷⵖⵉ ⵜⴳⴰ ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵇⵇⵔⴰⵏⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵃⵟⵟⵓⵜ ⵜⴰⴳⴰⵎⴰⵏⵜ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⴰⵔ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵉⵜⵜⵉⵍⵍⵉ  ⵓⵙⴷⴷⵉ ⵏ ⵓⴳⴹⵉⴹ ⴰⵎⵣⵡⴰⴳ ⵉⵙⵎⵏ ⴰⵎⴰⵙⵙⴰⵏ " ⵓⵍⵢⵓⵏⵓⵔ"ⵉⴳⵉⴷⵔ ⵏ ⵓⵍⵢⵓⵏⵓⵔ ⵏⵏⴰ ⵉⵛⴱⵔⵏ ⴳ ⵜⵓⴷⵔⵜ ⴳ ⵜⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ., ⵉⴳⴷⵍ ⵓⵎⵓⴷⴷⵓ ⵙⵔⵙ ⵡⴰⵔ ⵜⵓⵔⴰⴳⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵏⴱⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⴰⴷⵖⴰⵔⴰⵏⵜ.
ⵜⴰⴳⵣⵉⵔⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵣⵢⴰⵏⵜ ⵍⵍⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⴰ ⵏ ⵚⵇⴰⵍⴰ ⴷⴰⵔⵙ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰⵜ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵎⵣⵔⵓⵢ ⵉⵣⴷⵉⵏ ⴷ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ, ⵜⴽⴽⴰ ⵜⵜ ⵉⵏⵏ ⴰⴷⵓⵔⵜⴰⴳⵓⵔⵉ ⵏ ⴰⴷⵓⵔ ⴳ ⵓⵎⴰⵡⴰⵍ ⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖ "ⵎⵙⵎⵓⵏⴰⵡⴰⵍ". ⵏ ⵓⴼⵔⴰⴳ ⵅⴼ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵙⴳⴰ ⵏ ⵢⵉⵍⵍ, ⵎⴰⵢⴰⵏⵏ ⴰⴼ ⵜⵜⵓⵚⴽⴰ ⴳⵉⵙ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵓⵔⴳⴳⵓⴱ ⴰⵟⴱⵊⵉ ⴰⵅⴰⵜⴰⵔ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴰⵔ ⴷⵖⵉ, ⵎⵇⵇⴰⵔ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴳ ⵢⴰⵏ ⵡⴰⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵉⵀⵔⵛⵏ ⵉⵅⵚⵚⴰ ⵜ ⴰⵡⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⵓⴼⵔⴽ, ⵙⵍⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⴰⴽⴽⵯ ⵍⵍⵉⵖ ⵉⴳⴰ ⵙⴳ ⵜⵎⴰⵜⴰⵔⵉⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴰⵍⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⴳ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ.

 ⴰⵙⴼⵙⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵡⵍⴰⴼⵉⵏ 

ⵉⵙⴰⵖⵓⵍⵏ

ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⵎⵓⴳⴰⴷⵓⵔ
ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵎⵕⵕⴰⴽⵛ ⴰⵙⴼⵉ
ⴰⵙⵎⵉⵍ:ⵜⵉⵖⵔⵎⵜ ⵜⴰⵎⵖⵔⵉⴱⵉⵜ