ⵎⵓⵃⵏⴷ ⵓⵍⵃⴰⵊ

ⵎⵓⵃⵏⴷ ⵓⵍⵃⴰⵊ, ⵉⵙⵎ ⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱ ⴰⴽⵍⵉ ⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ, ⵉⵍⵓⵍ ⴷⴳ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 7 ⵎⴰⵖⵔⵙ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ 1911 ⴷⴳ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴰⵜ ⵡⵉⵣⴳⴰⵏ, ⴰⴷⵡⵡⴰⵔ ⵏ ⵓⴽⴼⴰⴷⵓ, ⵜⴰⵡⵉⵍⴰⵢⴰⵜ ⵏ ⵜⵉⵣⵉ ⵓⵣⵣⵓ, ⴷ ⵎⵎⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵎⵓⵃⴰⵏⴷ ⵙⴰⵄⵉⴷ ⴰⴽⴽ ⴷ ⴼⴰⴹⵎⴰ ⴰⵜ ⵓⵄⴱⴱⴰⵙ. ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⵖⵔ ⵡⵓⵍⵎⵓⴷ ⵙ ⴰⵖⴱⴰⵣ ⵏ ⵜⵍⴰⵜⴰ ⵏ ⴰⵜ ⵉⵅⵍⴼ, ⴰⵏⴷⴰ ⵉⵙⵍⵎⴰⴷⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵡⴰⵀⵎⵏ ⵙ ⴷⴳⵣⵉ ⵙ ⵉⴽⵙⴱ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵉⵃⴱⵙ ⵓⵍⵎⵓⴷ ⵏⵏⵙ ⴷⴳ ⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ 1926, ⴰⵏⴷⴰ ⵉⴷⵢⵡⵉ ⴰⴽⴰⵔⴷⵉⵙ ⵏ ⵡⵓⵍⵎⵓⴷ  ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵜⴰⴳⵏⵉⵜⵜ ⵓⵔ ⵙ ⵜⵙⵓⵔⴼ ⴰⵔⴰ. ⵎⵓⵃⵏⴷ ⵓⵍⵃⴰⵊ ⵉⵍⵎⴷ ⵍⵃⵉⵔⴼⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵃⴷⴷⴰⴷ ⵙⵖⵓⵔ ⴱⴰⴱⴰⵙ, ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⵉⵜⵜⵄⴰⵡⴰⵏ ⵉⵜ ⴰⵟⵟⴰⵙ. ⵙⵢⵏ ⵢⵓⵏⴰⴳ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ, ⵉⵅⴷⴷⵎ ⴷⴳ ⵢⵉⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵓⵣⵉⵏ, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⵓⵔ ⵉⵄⵟⵟⵍ ⴰⵔⴰ ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵣⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴰⵛⴽⵓ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ ⵜⵙⴰⵡⵍ ⴰⵙ ⴰⴷ ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1936. ⵉⵔⵔⵓⵃ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵟⵉⴼ ⴰⴽⴽ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵄⵎⵎⵉ ⵙ, ⵎⵓⵃⴰⵏⴷ ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵃⵎⵎⵉⵛ ⴰⵏⴷⴰ. ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵎⴰⵖⵏⴰⵙ ⴷⴳ ⵓⴷⵎⴰ ⵏ ⴼⵕⵃⴰⵜ ⴱⴱⴰⵙ.ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1943 ⵉⵔⵔⵓⵃ ⵖⵔ ⵍⵣⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵏⴰⵖⵜ, ⵉⵅⴷⴷⵎ ⴷⴳ ⵢⵉⵡⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵓⵣⵉⵏ ⵙⵓⵛⵀⵉⵏⴰ (ⵜⵓⵔⴰ ⴱⵉⵓⵜⵉⵛ). ⵙⵏⴷ ⴰⴷ ⴷ ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⵖⵔ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⵉⵙ, ⴷⴳ ⵉⴹⵕⴰⵢⵏ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵏ 8 ⴷⴳ ⵎⴰⵢⵓ 1945. ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1947 ⵉⴽⵛⵎⴷ ⵙ ⵡⵓⴷⵎ ⵓⵏⵚⵉⴱ ⵖⵔ ⵜⴰⴷⴷⴰⵔⵜ ⵉⵙ ⵡⵉⵣⴳⴰⵏ,ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵡⵡⵓⵔⵉ ⵉⵏⵙ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵙⵏⴰⵣ, ⵔⵏⵓ ⵉⵍⵀⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵎⵙⴰⵍⵜ ⵏ ⵛⵔⴰⵄ ⵏ ⵜⴰⵔⵡⴰ ⵏ ⵄⵎⵎⵉ ⵙ ⵎⵓⵃⴰⵏⴷ ⴰⵎⵥⵢⴰⵏ ⴷ ⵃⵎⵎⵉⵛ, ⴰⵏⴷⴰ ⴰⵅⵅⴰⵎ ⵏ ⵛⵔⴰⵄ ⵏ ⵜⵎⴷⵉⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵇⵙⵏⵟⵉⵏⴰ ⴳⵣⵎⵏ ⵜ ⴼⵍⵍ ⴰⵙⵏ ⵙ ⵍⵎⵓⵜ ⵖⴼ ⵜⴷⵢⴰⵏⵉⵏ ⵏ 08 ⵎⴰⴳⵓ 1945, ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴰⵙⵙⴰⵔⵃ ⵏⵙⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵎⴱⴰⵄⴷ ⵜⵉⵎⵓⵏⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵣⵣⴰⵢⵔ. ⴷⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1955, ⵉⴽⵛⵎ ⴷⴳ ⵜⴳⵔⴰⵡⵍⴰ. ⵉⵡⵡⵉ ⵢⵉⴷ ⵙ ⴰⵔⵔⴰⵡ ⵉⵙ, ⴷⴳ ⵙⵉⵏ ⵢⵉⴷ ⵙⵏ. ⵉⵎⵉ ⵉⵍⵍⴰ ⴷ ⴰⵎⴷⴰⵏ ⵉⵙⵄⴰⵏ ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵉ ⵢⵓⴼⵔⴰⵔⵏ, ⵉⵔⵏⴰ ⵢⴰⵙ ⵜⴰⴱⵖⵙⵜ, ⴼⴽⴰⵏ ⴰⵙ ⴰⵙⵍⵍⵓⵏ ⵏ ⴰⵚⴱⵉⵔⴰ . ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵉ ⵉⵣⵔⵉⵏ ⴽⴰⵏ, ⵉⵎⵉ ⵙ ⵉⴼⴽⴰ ⵎⵉⵔⵓⵛ ⵜⴰⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹ(ⵉⵉⵉ) ⵙ ⵓⵙⵍⵍⵓⵏ ⵏ ⵙⵓⵍⵢⵓⵟⵏⴰ . ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴽⵓⵎⴰⵏⴷⴷⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1957. ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵄⵉⵡⵏ ⵏ ⵓⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵜⵉⵙ ⴽⵕⴰⴹⵜ. ⵜⵉⵛⴽⵉ ⵉⴱⴰ ⵎⵉⵔⵓⵛ, ⵜⵉⵛⴽⵉ ⵓⵍⴰⵛ ⵉⵜ, ⴷ ⵎⵓⵃⵏⴷ ⵓⵍⵃⴰⵊ ⵉ ⵉⵜⵜⵓⵖⴰⵍⵏ ⴷⴳ ⵓⵎⴹⵉⵇ ⵉⵙ. ⵎⵓⵃⵏⴷ ⵓⵍⵃⴰⵊ ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⵉ ⴷ ⴰⵎⵇⵔⴰⵏ ⴰⵏⴳⴳⴰⵔⵓ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⵟ ⵜⵉⵙ ⵉⵉⵉ, ⵙⴳ ⵓⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ ⵏ 1958 ⴰⵔ 1962. ⵜⴰⴷⵢⴰⵏⵜ ⵏ ⵓⴱ ⵔⴰⵜⵉⵓⵏ ⵊⵓⵎⵍⵍⵙ ⵖⴼ ⵜⵓⵢⴰⵜ ⵉⵙ ⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵔⵙ. ⵃⵓⵣⴰⵏ ⵜ ⵙ ⵓⵟⵕⴹⴰⵇ ⵏ ⵍⴱⵓⵎⴱⴰ ⴷⴳ ⵓⵎⵥⵥⵓⵖ. ⵜⵏⵖⵙ ⵜⵎⵙⵍⵉⵡⵜ ⵉⵏⵙ ⵙ ⵡⴰⵟⴰⵙ. ⴷⵖⴰ ⴷ ⴰⴷⴷⴷⵉⵛ ⵏⵏⵉ ⴷ ⵜⵊⵊⴰ ⵍⴱⵓⵎⴱⴰ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉ ⵙ ⵢⵓⵖⴰⵍⵏ ⵎⵇⵇⵔ ⵉⵇⵇⴰⵣ ⵍⵊⵔⵃ ⵉⵔⵏⵏⵓ ⴰⵍⵎⵉ ⵉⵎⵎⵓⵜ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 02 ⴷⵓⵊⴰⵏⴱⵉⵔ ⴰⵙⴳⴳⴰⵙ 1972. ⴷ ⵏⵜⵜⴰ ⵉ ⵉⵙⵙⵓⵍⵉⵏ ⴰⵙⵏⵊⴰⵇ ⵏ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵣⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 5 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓ 1962 ⵉ ⵜⵎⵏⴰⴹⵜ ⵏ ⵙⵉⴷⵉ ⴼⵔⵔⵊ ⴰⵏⴷⴰ ⵉⴷ ⵜⵔⵙ ⴼⵕⴰⵏⵚⴰ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵓⵏⴽⵛⵓⵎ ⵉⵙ ⵖⵔ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵣⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴰⵙⵙ ⵏ 5 ⵢⵓⵍⵢⵓ 1830. ⴰⴷ ⵉⵇⵇⵉⵎ ⴷⴰⵖⵏ ⴷ ⵡⵉⵏ ⵉⵍⵍⴰⵏ ⵢⵓⵎⵏ ⵙ ⵜⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵏ ⵍⵣⵣⴰⵢⵔ. ⴷⴳ 1963, ⵢⵓⴽⵉ ⴷ ⴰⴽⴽⵏ ⵎⴳⴰⵔⴰⴷⵏ ⵡⴰⵣⴰⵍⵏ ⵉⵙ ⴰⴽⴽ ⴷ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵏ ⴱⵏⴱⵍⵍⴰ ⴷ ⵜⵔⴱⴰⵄⵜ ⵏⵏⵙ. ⵉⵊⴱⴷ ⴷ ⵉⵎⴰⵏ ⵉⵙ ⵙⴳ ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵉⵎⵉ ⵡⵉⴷ ⵜ ⵉⵟⵟⴼⵏ, ⵓⴷⴰⴱⵓ ⵢⴰ, ⵓⴳⵉⵏ ⴰⴷ ⵙⴷⴷⵓⵏ ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵔⵜ ⵙ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵓⵜ. ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵓⵜ ⵏⵏⵉ ⵉⵟⵟⴷ ⵓⵇⴱⴰⵢⵍⵉ ⴷⴳ ⵉⵣⵉⵔ ⵏ ⵜⵢⵎⵎⴰⵜ. ⵎⴰⵛⴰ ⴳⴰⵔ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵍⵣⵣⴰⵢⵔ ⴰⴽⴽ ⴷ ⵜⴰⵢⵔⵉ ⵏ ⵜⵓⴳⴷⵓⵜ, ⴰⵔ ⵣⴷⴰⵜ ⵉⴼⵔⵏ ⵍⵣⵣⴰⵢⵔ.
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