I-Pluto (i-astronomy)

IPluto yiplanethi encinci ejikelezayo kwindawo engaphandle yesixokelelwano sokukhanya kwelanga, kwibhanti yeKuiper. Ifunyanwe nguClyde Tombaugh ngowe-1930, yayigqalwa njengesijikelezi -langa sethoba kwisijikelezi-langa selanga kangangeminyaka engama-76.

Ubume bayo njengeplanethi iye yathandatyuzwa ukusukela ngo-1992 kulandela ukufunyanwa kwezinto ezininzi ezinobungakanani obufanayo kwi-Kuiper Belt; ukufunyanwa kwe -Eris kwi-2005, iplanethi encinci ye-disk dwarf ene-27% enkulu kune-Pluto, ekugqibeleni yakhokelela i- International Astronomical Union ukuba iphinde iqwalasele - emva kwengxoxo eshushu - inkcazo yeplanethi kwaye ngaloo ndlela iphinda ihlaziywe iPluto njengeplanethi encinci ngo-Agasti 24., 2006.  

Phakathi kwezidalwa zasezulwini zenkqubo yelanga, i-Pluto yeshumi elinesithandathu ngobukhulu kunye neshumi elinesixhenxe ngobukhulu, kwaye yeyona inkulu kwiiplanethi ezinqabileyo kunye nezinto ze-trans-Neptunian ububanzi (kuzo zombini iindidi zigqithwa ngobunzima ngu-Eris). Kananjalo inobunzima kunye nobukhulu obuncinci kunezo zesathelayithi ezinkulu zendalo zelanga: i- Medici satellites yeJupiter, iTitan, iTriton kunye neNyanga . Xa kuthelekiswa nolokugqibela ngokukodwa, ubunzima bayo bukwisinye sesithandathu yaye umthamo wayo usisinye kwisithathu. Njengezinye izinto zeKuiper Belt, iPluto yenziwe ikakhulu ngumkhenkce kunye nelitye. 

I-orbit yayo i -eccentric kwaye ithambekele ngokubhekiselele kwindiza ye-ecliptic, ngelixa umgama wayo ukusuka eLangeni uhluka ukusuka         . Ngamaxesha athile i-Pluto, ngexesha le -perihelion yayo, isondela eLangeni kuneNeptune, nangona kunjalo, ekubeni iku-2:3 orbital resonance nayo, ayisondeli ngaphezu kwe UA    . 

I-Pluto ineenyanga ezintlanu ezaziwayo: iCharon (eyona inkulu, inobubanzi obungaphezulu nje kwesiqingatha sayo), iStyx, Ubusuku, iCerberus, kunye neHydra . I-Pluto kunye ne-Charon zithathwa njengenkqubo yokubini okanye iplanethi ephindwe kabini, kuba indawo yenkqubo yomxhuzulane ingaphandle kokubini. 

Ngomhla we-14 kaJulayi, i-2015, i- New Horizons probe yaba yi-spacecraft yokuqala ukubhabha nge -Pluto, isenza imilinganiselo eneenkcukacha kunye nokuqwalasela iplanethi encinci kunye neenyanga zayo. NgoSeptemba 2016, izazi ngeenkwenkwezi zabhengeza ukuba i-cap ebomvu-mdaka egquma i-Charon's North pole yenziwe ngama- tholins, i- organic macromolecules enokuba zizithako zobomi, kwaye leyo, ekhutshwe kwi -atmosphere ye-Pluto, iwela kwi-Charon kwi  kude.