Umchamo

Umchamo ngamanzi enziwe ngumzimba kwizintso. Agcinwa kwisinyi aze aphume emzimbeni womntu ngeurethra, umbhobho osuka kwisinyi usiya kwi-urethral meatus (meatus = imbobo esemzimbeni), kanye phaya kwincakam yomthondo (emadodeni) okanye isinene (ebafazini). Ukuchama yindlela umzimba ochitha ngayo izinto ezingafunekiyo egazini. Umchamo ngamanzi ekulahlwa kuwo ezi zinto. emva kokuba igazi sele liwutyhutyhe lawugqiba umzimba wonke, umthwalo wao uyatshintsha, kuba kaloku ezinye izinto egazini zithathwe ngumzimba, abe nawo umzimba ukhuphe ezinye izinto uzikhuphela egazini. Igazi nalo lizithathele ezinye izinto ekutyeni kwethu esikutyayo. Isibindi sisusa ityhefu eninzi (izinto eziyingozi) lize longeze ezinye izinto ezifunwa ligazi ezinjengeeamino acids, iiproteins, iicoagulation factors, iihormones, etc.). Zize ke zona izintso zisuse umchamo, iityuwa, etc. ngokuthi uzifake emchameni. Emva kokuba igazi lihambe ladlula ngesibindi ukuya kwizintso, libanomthwalo ofanelekileyo ofunwa ngumzimba. 
Umchamo ungamanzi ubukhulu becala, kwaye uneetyuwa zeeminerali, ize yona iurea ibe yi2%, eyenziwa esibindini ngeenjongo zokususa iammonia, eyingozi kakhulu. buphantsi kakhulu ubungozi kwiUrea, nangona ukuphakama kwezinga leurea egazini (imeko ekuthiwa yihyperuremia) kungadala isifo. 

Umchamo ungangabinambala de ube tyheli okanye ubeqanda ngamanye amaxesha. lo mbala uqanda wenziwa yiurobilins, eyenziwa xa kuhluzwa ihemoglobin, into enika igazi umbala walo obomvu.   Ukuba umntu womile akanamanzi emzimbeni wakhe, mncinane umchamo owenzekayo (mhlawumbi ngaphantsi kwelitha ngemini), kwaye uyakubanokungcola okuninzi. Ukuba umntu usela amanzi amaninzi, mninzi umchamo owenzekayo (mhlawumbi iilitha ezi-2 ngemini) kwaye awubinakungcola kungakanani. 

Umchamo wenza umzimba ukwazi ukugxotha: 

 amanzi agqithisileyo emzimbeni
 (iityuwa)zeelectrolytes ezithe xaxe 
 I-Urea (ayifunwa ngumzimba ubukhulu becala)
 iziyobisi
 Ityhefu (ityhefu emzimbeni)( Qaphela okokuba ityhefu isuswa sisibindi emzimbeni,siyise kwilindle.  
Umchamo uyazishiya izintso uyekugcinwa kwisingxobo sawo. Umchamo uphuma emzimbeni ngeurethra.

Category:BODY FLUIDS