Hintsa kaKhawuta

UHintsa kaKhawuta (c. 1780 – 12 May 1835), nowaziwa njengo Kumkani uHintsa, wayeyikumkani yobukumkani bakwaXhosa, obasekwa ngukhokho wakhe uKumkani uTshawe. Walawula ukususela ngowe-1820 de kwasekufeni kwakhe ngowe-1835. Ubukhosi bamaXhosa, bukwincopho yabo, ngexesha lolawulo lwakhe busuka kumlambo uMbhashe, kumazantsi oMthatha ukuya kutsho kumlambo iGamtoos, (Xelexwa ngesiXhosa) kuMzantsi Koloni.

U-Hintsa wayekhokele obona bukumkani bunamandla ( AmaXhosa ) kuMazantsi e-Afrika ngelo xesha, kwaye ubu Kumnkani bakwa Xhosa bazenzela igama ngokuthi balwe iimfazwe nabaseBritane isithuba esingangeminyaka elikhulu(100) kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. 

UbuKumkani bamaXhosa bukhokelwa zizindlu ezimbini, indlu yamaGcaleka (iNdlu enkulu) eyindlu elawulayo, kunye nendlu kaRharhabe (indlu yasekunene) eyindlu yesibini ephezulu.

 UHintsa waba nguKumkani ngo-1804, waza wathweswa isithsaba ngo-1820 emva kokuthatha intambo kuyisekazi uNqoko kaGcaleka owayeyinkosi. 

 UHintsa udla ngokufaniswa nokhokho wakhe uTshawe kaNkosiyamntu. 

 Umkhosi kunye nomkhosi 

 UbuKumkani bamaXhosa yayisesinye sezikumkani ezomeleleyo e-Afrika, kwaye ngokungathandabuzekiyo yayinomkhosi omkhulu kuMzantsi Afrika. U-Hintsa wayeneqela elibizwa ngokuba 'yi-Inkonyane' elathi lafudusa inkampani ngenkampani, ekuqaliseni kwayo, yayiza kuba linyathelo lokuhamba imini yonke. 

 Abanye ababhali bembali baye bathi nangona amaHintsa ayenomkhosi omkhulu, kusenokwenzeka ukuba akayiyo eyona kumkani inkulu yamaXhosa. Nangona kunjalo, iinkosi zikaHintsa ezazidla ngokugqogqa izikumkani zasebumelwaneni zihlasele abalawuli bamaXhosa bamazwe aphantsi korhulumente wesizwe, zazinemikhosi enamandla kodwa zazingenakumelana neNqununu kaHintsa. 

 Uhlaselo kunye nemfazwe yamakhaya 

 Ngexesha lolawulo lwakhe, ubuKumkani bamaXhosa babungquzulana neKoloni yaseKapa. Isizwe sakwaXhosa sasikwaphantsi koxinizelelo lweemfazwe zobukhaya phakathi kweenkosi nohlaselo lwezizwe eziziimbacu ezisuka kumaMfecane. 

 Iqela lokuqala elihlaselayo ekwanyanzeleke ukuba aqubisane nalo amaXhosa lelo elaliza kuba ‘ngamaBhaca’ akhokelwa nguMadzikane. Emva kweentshukumo ezininzi, amaBhaca afuduka ehlela eThembuland apho ahlasela indlu yaseKunene amaTshatshu, nto leyo eyabangela ukuba abalekele kuMaqoma ukuze akhuseleke. Izikumkani zamaXhosa, abaThembu namaMpondomise zadibanisa amandla zawatyumza amaBhaca, abulala uMadzikane (1823–25). AmaBhaca angena kumanyano olungakhululekanga namaMpondo aza ahlasela amaBomvana ngokuhlangeneyo kodwa lo nto yagxothwa nguPhakamileyo, uHintsa.