Amanzi angaphakathi

Kumthetho wamazwe ngamazwe, amanzi angaphakathi yimilambo, amachibi kunye nenxalenye yolwandle lwangaphakathi ukuya kwisiseko, okanye umgca we -low tide kunxweme. Njengeminye imimandla yolwandle, imithetho kunye nemimiselo yamanzi angaphakathi ilawulwa yi-Montego Bay Convention ka-1982, esebenzayo.

Emanzini angaphakathi ulongamo lukaRhulumente lulingana nolo lusebenzisa emhlabeni. Ilungelo lokuhamba elingenacala (elimele linikezelwe kulwandle lommandla) ngoko ke alisebenzi: iinqanawa zangaphandle ezinqwenela ukuhamba emanzini angaphakathi kufuneka zicele ukugunyazwa kwi-State Coastal State, ngaphandle kweemeko ze-force majeure okanye ingozi enkulu.

Inqaku le-8/2 leNgqungquthela ye-UN Montego Bay enxulumene namanzi angaphakathi ithi "Apho isiseko esithe tye esigqitywe ngokuhambelana nendlela echazwe kwiSiqendu sesi-7 sinesiphumo sokubeka phantsi imimandla yolawulo lwamanzi yangaphakathi eyayingajongwa ngaphambili njenge ngolo hlobo, ilungelo lokudlula elimsulwa elibonelelwe kule Ngqungquthela lidlulela kulawo manzi."

Iinqanawa zamazwe angaphandle ezigunyaziswe ukuba zingene kumanzi angaphakathi ziphantsi kwemithetho yeLizwe lonxweme, ngaphandle kokunye: ulawulo lolwaphulo-mthetho kulwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwa kwiinqanawa zamazwe angaphandle ezibambeke kwizibuko lugunyaziswe (ngokuqhelekileyo) kwiFlegi yeSizwe, ngaphandle kokuba umphathi wenqanawa wenza. ayifuni ukungenelela abasemagunyeni basekuhlaleni, ukuba kukho ingozi kuxolo kunye nokhuseleko lonxweme State okanye ukuba imimiselo amasiko kwaphulwa. Ulwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwe kwizibuko kunye nolwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwa apho ngabasebenzi benqanawa yangaphandle bahlala bewela phantsi kolawulo lweLizwe lonxweme.

Xa iinqanawa ezisebenza kulwandle zingena kumanzi olwandle, kufuneka ziqwalasele imigaqo yamapolisa aselwandle kwaye ziphantsi kweliso lemibutho enobuchule bokuhamba elwandle.

Ngokunjalo, iinqanawa ezibandakanyeka kuhambo lwaselwandle xa zingena kumanzi angaphakathi kufuneka ziqwalasele imigaqo yamapolisa esebenzayo kumanzi anjalo kwaye zixhomekeke kulawulo lwamaqumrhu afanelekileyo kuhambo lwangaphakathi.

Ubonelelo lwalusele luqulethwe, ngokwemigaqo echanekileyo, kwiKhowudi yoMthengisi weNavy. Ummiselo uchaza imida ekunokuthi kwenzeke ngayo ukuhamba ngokulandela ubugcisa. kumbuzo (umhlathi wokuqala ubugcisa. 4 reg. ni - rt). Kwiimeko ezithandabuzekayo, imida yezowuni ezixubeneyo zokukhangela zisekwe yintloko yecandelo lolwandle kunye nomlawuli weCompartmental Port Inspectorate ukuba bobabini bayavumelana. Ukuba akukho sivumelwano esinjalo, uxanduva lubangelwa ngabaPhathiswa bezoThutho, i-Merchant Navy kunye ne-Defence (Navy) ekhupha isibonelelo esidibeneyo.

Ngaphandle kweendawo ezixubeneyo zokuhamba, ukuhamba kumanzi angaphakathi enqanawe enzelwe ukuhamba elwandle kunye nokuhamba ngokuphambeneyo kumanzi olwandle eenqanawa ezilungiselelwe ukuhamba ngaphakathi elizweni zixhomekeke kumalungiselelo omgaqo kunye neminye imithetho ekhethekileyo kunye nemimiselo.

Ekuphela kwemeko enxamnye nemicimbi yezothutho evunywa njengekhethekileyo ngabaPhathiswa bezoThutho kunye noMkhosi waManzi woRhwebo. Kwakhona kule meko kufuneka ibe ngumlinganiselo odibeneyo kunye nokuvunyelwana.

Ngolungiselelo lwenombolo 698 yomhla we-12 kuTshazimpuzi ka-1957 yoMhloli weSebe leVeneto, ezinye iindawo zeSebe laseLwandle laseMonfalcone, eVenice, eChioggia naseRavenna zaqatshelwa njengohambo lokuhamba ngolwandle.

Ngaphaya kwemida ebekiweyo yokuhamba ngokuziphatha okubi nolu lungiselelo lukhankanywe ngasentla, kulandela isivumelwano ekwafikelelwa kuso phakathi koMphathiswa we-Mercantile Marine kunye neSebe lezoThutho, uhambo lwaselwandle kunye ne-Chioggia-Porto Levante uxhumano lwavunyelwa ukuba lubeke phantsi iinqanawa zokuhamba zangaphakathi ukuba zithobele oku kulandelayo. iimeko; iinqanawa kufuneka:

 babe nomthamo ongekho ngaphantsi kweetoni ezingama-200 kwaye kufuneka baxhotyiswe ngophawu lwebhodi ehambelanayo;
 babe nemoto kwaye bakwazi ukuphuhlisa isantya esingekho ngaphantsi kweemayile ezi-6 ngeyure;
 iqondwe ngoko nangoko njengefanelekileyo, ngokwembono yobugcisa, ukuba kuwele ulwandle kwenziwe, kokubini ekuqaleni, o.k.t ekukhutshweni kwesatifikethi sokulungelwa elwandle, nangethuba lokuqinisekiswa kwamaxesha athile koxwebhu nanini na xa uhlolo olutsha lunokuthi lubekho. iba yimfuneko ngokuxhomekeka kwizehlo ezikhethekileyo, ezinje ngeengozi, ukwaphuka, njl., ngokungqinelana nemimiselo esebenzayo;
 ukwenza uhambo olusulungekileyo lokuhamba, ukuxhasa oko kwenziwa ikakhulu kwimizila yamanzi engaphakathi elizweni, nakwimozulu eqinisekisiweyo kunye neemeko zolwandle.