I-Transkei

I-Transkei neCeskei yayingamaphandle awayehlala amaXhosa. Sizakuqwalasela iphandle eliyi-Transkei kweli phepha. 

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ITranskei yayisakuba lelinye lamaphandle awathi amiselwa ngurhulumente owayephethe phambi ko1994 nje ngamazwe azimeleyo apha emZantsi Afrika. Ngaloo minyaka eli phandle lalinezixeko ezingama-28 ezizezi zilandelayo: eMthatha, kuTsolo, eMount Fletcher, kuQumbu, eMount frere (kwaBhaca), eMount Aylif, eBhizana, eFlagstaff (eSiphaqeni), eLusikisiki, ePort St Johns, eLibode, Ngqeleni, eNgcobo, eTsomo, eCofimvaba, Cala, eDutywa, eGcuwa, kuCentane, eMqanduli, eXhorha, kuGatyana, eTabankulu, eMzimkhulu, eMaluti, nezinye.

ITranskei yahlulwe ziintlanga ngeentlanga ezinje ngamaBomvana, amaMpondo, abaThembu, amaMfengu, amaBhaca, nezinye. Uhlanga ngalunye kwezi lunentetho yalo. Umzekelo, amaMpondo athetha isiMpondo, amaBhaca athetha isiBhaca, abaThembu namaBomvana bathetha isiXhosa. Kodwa zonke ezi lwimi ziyazalana kakhulu, kuba ingcambu eziphuma kuyo inye. Bathi khona besakuhlalelana bavane kakhulu ngentetho. Njengoko ingabantu abanye namasiko abo ebuyelelana, kukho apho nalapho bohluka khona. Kodwa ke ubukhulu becala ngabantu abanye benza izinto kunye. Umzekelo amaMpondo nabaThembu bebesendiselana. Umfazi wokuqala kaMandela yintombi yasemaQwathini. Owesibini yena Limpondokazi. 

I-Transkei (oku kuthetha okokuba le yindawo ephesheya komlambo i-Kei), ngokwaseburhulumenteni bangaphambili le ndawo yayibizwa ngokuba yi-Riphabliki yeTranskei, kusithiwa yi-Bantustan—an, ingingqi ekuMzantsiMmpuma  weSouth Afrika eyayibekelwe ecaleni ukuze ihlale amalungu ohlanga (oluntsundu) olwaluhlala kule ngingqi ukuze lube norhulumente walo othandwa lulo kwakunye nepalamente yalo. Ikomkhulu lale ngingqi kwakungUmtata nowatshintshwa ngo-2004 wabizwa ngokuba nguMthatha. I-Transkei yamfumana uzimele-geqe ngomnyaka ka1976. Abantu abaninzi bayakuyikhumbula imibhiyozo eyayibanjiwe kubhiyozelwa inkululeko yasetranskei ngalo nyaka ka1976. Kwabakho nekhakhakazi elikhulu apho kwakukhutshiswana ngelona culo elaliphambili kulo mbhizoyozo, culo elo lalisithi "ETranskei kuluvuyo, uzimele ufikile. siyavuya, siyagcoba, uzimele ufikile. Aa Dalinwonga!! A! Thole lesilo, sikuthule'umnqwazi, sithi wuntshu...". 

Makhe silande emva unobangela wokokuba kubhiyozwe ngalo nyaka eTranskei. 

Ithi imbali, urhulumente owayephethe ngaphambili kuka1994 wasebenzisa iilwimi zabantu abantsundu ukuze akwazi ukubacinezela, abacalucalule, ngokuthi abohlule abalawule bekwezo ndawo bakuzo bengadibani nabamhlophe ngokuthi abekela bucala ezo ndawo bakuzo, ukuze zonke ezo ndawo zibe phantsi kweliso lalo rhulumente wabamhlophe. Iilwimi zaseMzantsi Afrika ezazisaziwa nguloo rhulumente, phofu ke nangoku, zezo zifundwa ezikolweni, ezinye ilwimi azithathwa ngokuba ziilwimi zaseMzantsi Afrika okanye ziilwimi ezikhoyo kweli lizwe, nditsho nokokuba baninzi kangakanani na abantu abazithethayo, ukuba nje azikho ezikolweni, zithathwa ngokuba akuzolwimi zifanelekileyo. Nabantu bazo ke benziwa intlekisa. Yaya ivuthwa ngokuvuthwa ke lento, kangangokuba xa kwakusenziwa laa maphandle ngurhulumente wocalu-calulo, wenza amaphandle amane, amabini kuwo yaba ngawamaXhosa, iTranskei neCeskei njengoko sele kutshiwo apha ngasentla. Omabini laa maphandle kwathiwa akwiCape Province. ITranskei yamfuna umaziphathe ngo-1976, waza uKaizer Daliwonga Mathanzima wangu-president wayo ngo1978 de kwangu1987. Le nkululeko yaseTranskei zange ihoywe ngamazwe amaninzi, ithatyathwa njengesixhobo sokucinezela abantu abantsundu emZantsi Afrika. Yaba ngurhulumente wengcinezelo kuphela kunye namanye amaphandle afana nayo iTranskei awayemxhasa urhulumente kaMathanzima.  

URhulumente wasemZantsi afrika wabekela bucala iindawo ezimbini kwiPhondo laseKapa waza wazenza amaphandle abantu abantetho isisiXhosa, elinye iphandle yaba yiCeskei; laza elinye kwaba yiTranskei neyathi yanikwa umaziphathe okanye uzimele-geqe ngo-1963. Nangona kunyulo lokuqala kwabakho abagqatswa kwaza kwaphumelela umbutho wabantu ababesinininzi i-Demokrasi ke ukutsho, umseki walo mbutho kwakungunkosi uVictor Poto, waphikiswa kummba welizwe elizimeleyo ngolawulo. Urhulumente waba ngumbutho ozimeleyo wesizwe sase (i-Transkei  the Transkei National Independence Party). Kumalungu aweyeli-109 kurhulumente wengingqi, angama-45 awonyulwayo; ezinye izihlalo zabekelwa bucala zibekelwa iinkosi ezivela zaseburhulumenteni.  

Lo rhulumente wabasisizwe esizimele ngokupheleleyo ngo-1976 phantsi kwekomkhulu laso eUmtata (nekungoku nje kuthiwa ngumThatha), nangona eli lizwe lalisaziwa ngumZantnsi Afrika kuphela laza ke ngokuhamba kwexesha laziwa nangamanye amaphandle awayekwangoorhulumente abazimeleyo kwinkqubo ye-TBVC-system. UNkosi uKaiser Daliwonga Matanzima wabayintloko yokuqala yeli lizwe de kwangumnyaka we-1978, lo ngunyaka awaqala ngawo ukuba ngumongameli, wasibamba esi sikhundla de kwangumnyaka wama-1987.


Category:UMzantsi Afrika