I-Basilica yaseSan Giovanni eLaterano

I-Basilica yaseSan Giovanni eLaterano, ekwachazwa njengeCathedral yaseRoma, ngumama wecawa yedayosisi yaseRoma, ngoku elawulwa nguPope Francis ngoKhadinali uArchpriest uAngelo De Donatis . Yeyokuqala kwii -basilica ezine eziphambili zepapa kunye neyona cawa indala kunye neyona nto ibalulekileyo eNtshona  .Efumaneka kwinduli yaseCelio, i-basilica yimbonakaliso yezinto ezibonakalayo ze-Holy See, ehlala kuyo apha.

I-basilica kunye nesakhiwo esikhulu esijikelezileyo (kubandakanya iPontifical Lateran Palace, iPalazzo dei Canonici, iPontifical Roman Major Seminary kunye neYunivesithi yasePontifical Lateran ) banandipha amalungelo angaphandle avunyiweyo yiRiphabhlikhi yaseItali ukuya kwiHoly See egcwele kwaye ikhethekileyo. ulawulo .

Igama elisemthethweni ngu "Papal Archbasilica yoMsindisi oyiNgcwele kunye nabaNgcwele uYohane uMbhaptizi kunye noMvangeli weLateran"  . UPopu Sylvester I, ngenkulungwane yesi-4, wayinikezela koyena Msindisi uNgcwele ; emva koko uPopu uSergius III, ngenkulungwane yesi-9, wongezelela unikezelo kuYohane uMbhaptizi; ekugqibeleni uPope Lucius II, ngenkulungwane ye-12, naye waquka iNgcwele uYohane uMvangeli  .

Ibizwa ngokuba yi "archbasilica" ngenxa yokuba yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwii-basilicas ezine zepapa  ; ngokuthe ngqo, inewonga elihloniphekileyo elithi Omnium Urbis et Orbis Ecclesiarum Mater et Caput, okanye uMama neNtloko yazo zonke iiCawa zeSixeko nezeHlabathi  .Okokugqibela, ibizwa ngokuba "kwiLaterano", okanye "lateranense"; I-Lateranus yayiyi- codicin ye- gens Claudia , kwaye kwindawo apho i-basilica yakhiwe khona kwakukho izinto ( horti ) zaloo ntsapho.