Intsholongwane i-Zika

Umkhuhlane i-Zika (ekwaziwa njengesifo sentsholongwane i-Zika) isisigulo esibangelwa yintsholongwane i-Zika. Kwiimeko ezininzi ayinazo iimpawu, kodwa xa zikhona zidla ngokuba ngaphakathi kwaye zingafana nomkhuhlane i-dengue. Iimpawu zingaquka umkhuhlane,  amehlo abomvu, ukuqaqanjelwa ngamalungu omzimba, intloko ebuhlungu, kwanerhashalala ye-maculopapular. Iimpawu zithatha ngaphantsi kuneentsuku ezisixhenxe. Akukabikho kufa kuxeliweyo ngexesha lokuqalisa kosuleleko. Usuleleko lwayanyaniswa ne-Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS).

Umkhuhlane i-Zika idla ngokusasazeka ngenxa yokulunywa ziingcongconi zohlobo lweAedes. Isenokubangelwa lulosuleleko lwezifo zesondo ezihanjiswa ngesondo ukusuka emntwini ukuya kumntu atshate naye kwaye zikwanokusasazwa kukutsalwa kw(ama)egazi. Izifo ezosulelayo kubafazi abakhululweyo nazo zingalosulela usana kwaye oku kudityaniswa  nokuphuma kwezisu kunye ne-microcephaly. Uxilongo lungokuvavanya igazi, umchamo, okanye amathe ukuqonda ubukho bentsholongwane ye-Zika RNA xa umntu egula.

Uthintelo luquka ukunciphisa ukulunywa ziingcongconi kwimimandla apho senzeka khona isifo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kweekhondom. Imizamo yokuthintela ukulunywa iquka ukusetyenziswa kwezigxothi-zinambuzane, ukugquma ubuninzi bomzimba ngesinxibo, iinethi zeengcongconi, kunye nokususa amanzi awomileyo apho zinokuzala khona ngokutsha iingcongconi. Alukho olusebenzayo ugonyo. Abasebenzi bezempilo bacebisa ukuba abafazi abakwimimandla echaphazelwa 2015–16 uqhambuko lwe-Zika bakhe bathi xhaa ngokumitha kwaye abafazi abamithiyo bangatyeleli kule mimandla. Ngelixa kungekho lunyango luthile, i-paracetamol (acetaminophen) inganceda ngeempawu. Ukulaliswa esibhedlele akuyo mfuneko ixhaphakileyo.

Intsholongwane ebangela esi sifo yaqala ukubekelwa bucala ngo-1947. Uqhambulo lokuqala ukubhalwa phakathi kwabantu lwenzeka ngo-2007 kwi-Federated States of Micronesia. , esi sifo besisenzeka kwingingqi ezingamashumi amabini zaseMelika. Sikaziwa kwakhona ngokwenzeka eAfrika, eAsiya, nakwiPasifikhi. Ngenxa yoqhambuko olwaqala eBrazil ngo-2015, i-World Health Organization yakubhengeza oku njenge-Public Health Emergency of International Concern ngoFebruwari 2016.

Imithombo

Category:Izifo