Tërëlin yi gënë am solo tenku ci ay kaddu jëm ci mbass mi

Baatu mbass mu ngi sosoo ci dëkku Grek yi te mu ngi tekki feebar bo xamante ni dafa jogee ci benn reew wala dëkk dëkkaan yi dem ci beneen reew wala beneen dëkk.Wallaate bu gaaw bu feebar bi ci benn askan wala benn dëkk ci diir bu gatt loolu lañuy wax mbass.Principles of Epidemiology, Third Edition (PDF). Atlanta, Georgia: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2012. Feebar bo xamantanen wërul adduna bi yëpp wala laalul askanu ab dëkk loolu dunu ko woowe mbass "feebar bu dëkk" lañukay woowee.Feebar yu dëkk yi nga xamante ni dañuy law ci nit yi am lu ci melni socc muy wall biy faral di am ci jamono bu nekk bokku ñu ci ndaxte ñoom dañuy feeñandoo benn yoon ci benn askan wante du luy law ci adduna bi.

 Li mbass di tekki ak pacc yiko lal 
Mbass feebar bu dëkk le boo xamantani dafay nekk adduna wërngël këpp.Porta, Miquel, ed. (2008). Dictionary of Epidemiology. Oxford University Press. p. 179. ISBN 978-0-19-531449-6. Retrieved 14 September 2012. Nekkul ni feebar bu law rek wala mu ray ay nit yu bëri rekk mbass la ndaxte dafa wara am ay mandarga yoo xamantani dafay wane ni feebar bi day wallaate. Ci misaal xam nañu ni feebaru Kaanser dafay faral di ray ay nit yu bari wante tekkiwul ni mbass le ndaxte nekkul loo xamanteni dafay wallaate.A. M., Dumar (2009). Swine Flu: What You Need to Know. Wildside Press LLC. p. 7. ISBN 978-1434458322. Xayma bi ñu def ci feebar yu dëkk yi (ak lu ci melni mbass yi) mooy ni dañuy setlu ni booko rëddee ci ay natalu xayma, dañuy nduroo lool ci lu jëm ci ni ñuy wallee ci ab diir. Jangat bi ñu def ci nataalu feebar yu dëkk yi mooy ni dafay yokk saa yu xewee ci jamono. Feebar yi di wallaate ci ñeeti faan lañuy lawee di nañu ci ñëw ci nataal bi ci suuf. Pacc bu njëkk bi mu ngi amee ci njëlbeenu jangatu nataalu mbass mi. Su fekkee amna ku jël misaal ci mbassum COVID-19 bi wallum lawaay bi ni mu gaawee li muy wane mooy ndorteel lawaayu mbass mi amagul woon sax ay nit yu bari yuko amoon. Paccum ñaareel bu nataalu jangatu mbass mi li muy wane mooy "wallante bi am ci digante nit ñi ci dëk dëkkaan yi te doo xam ku leen ko wall"Wiles S. The three phases of Covid-19 and how we can make it manageable. TheSpinoff. Available at:

https://thespinoff.co.nz/society/09-03-2020/the-three-phases-of-covid-19-and-how-we-can-make-it-manageable. Accessed on 10 April 2020 Mooy jamono ji wallante digante nit ak nit gaww ci wallu nimuy lawee ndax sayunit yu bees yu am doomu jangoro bi. Paccum ñetteel bu nataalu jangatu mbass mi li muy wane mooy xeex nañu ko ba mënëtul am sayu nit yu beesyu am doomu jangoro bi.

 Doxalin jem ci mbass mi 
Bari na ay matuwaay yu reew yi mëna jël ngir fagaru ci ab mbass mu leen bett. Ci atum ñaari junni ak juroom kurel bi di saytu wallu wergu yaram ci aduna werngeël këpp tënkoon në ay tërëlin yu mën di faagu, saytu ak di jammarloo jafa jafe yi mën am ci bu lawee ci diggente dëkk yi.See: https://www.who.int/ihr/publications/9789241580496/en Ci kaw loolu kureel bi ëmb wallu wergu yaram ci adduna bi yëpp bind na ben teere ngir xeex mbass um socc muy xelli. Teere boobu ñu ngi ko xamlewoon ci bu njëkk ci atum junni ak juroom ñeent teemeer ak juroom ñeent fukk wante ci atum ñaari junni ak juroom jap ñaari junni at ak juroom ñeent lañuko cambaraat andi ci ay coppi.ibid Li ëp ci matuwaay yi ñu jël ngir xeex ak mbass um COVID-19 bi mu ngi soqqeeko ci kureelu wergu yaram gi ci addina bu atumñaari  junni ak juroom ak ci diglewu kurel gi ngank wallu wergu yaram bi ci adduna bi  ci naka lañuy waajalee mbass um socc muy xelli. Amal nañu waxtaan bu yaatu jëmëleko ci (saytu,fajj gi ak am ay jumtukaay ngir mën topp nit ki ndax bu ameee jangoro ji ñu xam ko) ndaxte dina tax ba ci njeëlbeen nu mëna xam nit yi am doomu jangoro ji ndax mën leena ber ci bamuy teel tek ci fajj leen.The 3 T’s model: Hitting the nail on the head, The Jordan times, April 2020 http://www.jordantimes.com/opinion/mohammad-majed-abufaraj/3-ts-model-hitting-nail-head Doxalin boobu  dafay tax ñuy mënë raññee nit yi nga xamante ni dañu jëflante ak nit ki am doomu jangoro bi ngir mën ko ber. Doxalin bi reew yu melni Corée du Sud ak Singapour ñoo ko xamle ganaaw ndaw yu yaatu yi ñu ci am wante itam  reew yi mënoon nañu gënë waajal seen bopp ak ay doxalin gannaaw ba feebaru xëtër andi ay jiixi jaaxa ci seeni reew. Wallum soriwante ci diggante nit ak nit walla doxalinu ñi tënk wergu yaramu nit yi di daje fu mbolloo nekk ndax gis nañu ni doxalin la boo xamni dafaywañi doole feebar bi ganaaw bañu fexee ba nit yi duñu jegeente ndaxte dafay wañi wallante bi ci feebar yuni mel. Doctoor Michael J Ryan di njiit ci kureel gi tënk wallu wergu yaram ci adduna bi yëpp xamlena ci benn waxtaan bumu seqqoon ak taskatu xabaar yi ci weeru Mars ci atum ñaari junni ak juroom ñeent "wallu soriwante ci diggante nit ak nit doxalin buñu jëlandi ngir mu mëna wañi bu baax doole wallante bu doomu jangor bi wante itam gëtëm ñi nekk ci wallu wergu yaram wante nekkul pur fajj doomu jangoro bi ci boppam.Donte ni yombul wante ci xayma war nañu ko jëfëndikoo ak yeneeni xeetu doxalin ngir mënë saafara jafe jafe bi".World Health Organisation March press briefing on Coronavirus , Reuters, 2020 https://www.pscp.tv/w/1OdJrqYMXMXGX?t=49m58s Doktoor Ryan xamlena ni nekkul ni soriwante bi ci boppam mooy saafara feebar bi.

 Mbass yi am jamonoy tey 

 Feebaru u SIDA 
Bataaxal bu am solo: Jangat ci feebar bii di SIDA

Donte ni kureel gi ëmb waalumwergu yaram gi ci adduna bi yeëpp dafay jëfëndikoo baatu feebar bu dëkk ngir tekki lii di SIDA"WHO HIV/AIDS Data and Statistics". Retrieved 12 April 2020Fact Sheet" (PDF). UNAIDS.org. 2018. Retrieved 12 December 2019. dañuy japp ni tur bi wuyu na jëmm ji. Ci atum ñaari junni ak fukk ak juroom ñeet lu toll ci juroom ñaari teemeer ak juroom ñaari fukki junni nit ñakk nañu seen bakkan ci feebar bi di SIDA."UN AIDS DATA2019". UNAIDS.org. 2019. Retrieved 5 December 2019. Ci jamono jii ñu toll ña dëkkee ca Afrique Sub-saharian ñoom la feebar bi gënë yapp.Ci atum ñaari junni ak fukk ak juroom ñeet xayma nañu ni juroom benn fukk ak benn nit ci teemeer boo jël ci ñu am jangoro ji ñu ngi juge foofu.See endnote "10"

 Koronaa wirus 
Koronaa  wirus yi (CoV) ay xeetu doomu jangoro lañu yoo xamante ni mën nañu jur ay feebar yu melni sojj wala yeneen xeetu feebar yu gënë garaaw yu melni mandargay feebaru noyyi ñu gën ko gisee ca reewum Moyen-Orient ñu xam ko ci (MERS-CoV) ak itam mandargay feebaru xëtër loolu ñu xam ko ci (SARS-CoV). amna beneen fasong coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2) bu ray ay nit ci atum ñaari junni ak fukk ak juroom ñeent, wala COVID-19. Megan McArdle Bio Follow Columnist "Opinion | When a danger is growing exponentially, everything looks fine until it doesn't". Washington Post. Retrieved 15 March 2020. amna yenn ci ay coronavirus yu zogee ci mala yi muy wane ni wall ba ngi ci digënte mala yi ak nit ñi. Cambar yi ñu def wane na ni feebar bi di (SARS-CoV) mu ngi jugee ci xeetu muus yi jëm ci nit ñi,tek ci feebar bi di MERS-CoV mu ngi jogee ci hëleem yi dem ci nit ñi. Bari na nak ay xeetu coronavirus yu nekk ci mala te ba leegi demaguñu ci nit ñi.

vag bu bees bu coronavirus bayyeeko ca Wuhan,Hubei, fële ca Chine ci njeexitalu atum ñaar fukki junni ak fukk ak juroom ñeent,"WHO Statement Regarding Cluster of Pneumonia Cases in Wuhan, China". WHO. 31 December 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2020 moo andi feebar bi ñuy wax coronavirus2019 (COVID-19) te muy japp xëtër yi.Ganaaw ba ña ca waa daara ju mag ja ca Johns Hopkins COVID-19 Dashboard by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University (JHU), accessed April 23rd 2020: https://www.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6 amalee njangat li ñu setlu mooy lu toll ci ñaari teemeeri dëkk ak liko wër am nañu feebar bi di COVID-19 wante feebar bi reew yu melni Amerik, Europ,Chine ak Iran la gënë bëri."Covid-19 Coronavirus Pandemic (Live statistics)". Worldometer. 2020. Retrieved 3 April 2020. Ci fukki fan ak benn ci weeru Mars kureel gi ngank waalum wergu yaram ci adduna bi yëpp jappee na feebar bi di COVID-19 te muy law ab mbass."WHO Director-General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19—11 March 2020". WHO. 11 March 2020. Retrieved 12 March 2020. "Coronavirus confirmed as pandemic". BBC News. 11 March 2020. Retrieved 11 March 2020. Ba ci bësu Avril ñaar fukki fan ak ñett ci atum ñaari junni ak ñaar fukk nit yi am mbass mii di COVID-19 ñu ngi toll ci ñaari milyong yu toftaljuroom benn fukk ak ñett  ci ay nit yu am doomu jangoro ji,limu ñi ñakk seen bakan toll na ci teemeeri junni yu toftal juroom ñett fukk ak ñeent junni nit ak ñaari teemeer ak ñeent fukk ak juroom ñeent terk ci limu ñi wer toll nañu ci juroom ñaari teemeeri ak ñaar fukk ak ñaari junniy nit yu toftal juroom fukk ak juroom."Covid-19 Coronavirus Pandemic". Worldometer. Feeñaay bu am solo lool

 Sibiru 
Feebaru sibiru wër na ci reew yi nekkee ci "tropical" bi ak "subtropical" bi ak itam benn pacc ci reewu Amerik, ci reewu Asie ak Afrik. At mu nekk lu toll ci ñett teemeer ak juroom fukk japp juroom teemeeri milyong ci ay nit dañuy am sibiru."Malaria Facts". Archived from the original on 29 December 2012. Retrieved 7 September 2017. Jammarlo bi doomu jangoro bi di jammarlo ak garab yi nerkk na ay jafe jafe ci jamono.White, NJ (April 2004). "Antimalarial drug resistance". J. Clin. Invest. 113 (8): 1084–1092. doi:10.1172/JCI21682. PMC 385418. PMID 15085184. "siecle" bi ñunekk te loolu wër na ba ci yeneeni xeetu garab yëpp jëm ci xeex sibiru ba mu dess "artemisines"

Bu njëkk feebaru sibiru nekkoon lu tekk tank ci lu ëpp ci reewum Ëropp yi ak yu Amerik ci booru penku bi, wante leegi jeex nafaVector- and Rodent-Borne Diseases in Europe and North America. Norman G. Gratz. World Health Organization, Geneva.. Mën nañu wax ni feebaru sibiru bi moo daanel banqaas bu Romain yi.DNA clues to malaria in ancient Rome. BBC News. 20 February 2001. Deemoon nañu bay tuddee feebar bi "Feebaru Romain yi"."The Changing World of Pacific Northwest Indians". Center for the Study of the Pacific Northwest, University of Washington. Ci kaw loolu la doomu jangoro bi di joxe feebaru sibiru nekkoon jafe jafe ci nit yi fa dekkoon bi doomu jangoro bi duggee foofu ci jamonoy njaam ci Amerik.

 Feebaru socc muy xeeli bi ci Espaañ 
Feebaru socc muy xelli bi amoon (ci diggënte atum junni ak juroom ñeenti teemeer ak fukk ak juroom ñett japp atum junni ak juroom ñeenti teemeer ak ñaar fukk) ca reewum Espaañ walloon na  teemeeri milyong i nit ci adduna bi,Taubenberger JK, Morens DM (January 2006). "1918 Influenza: the mother of all pandemics". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 12 (1): 15–22. doi:10.3201/eid1201.050979. PMC 3291398. PMID 16494711. Archived from the original on 1 October 2009. Retrieved 7 September 2017. bu ñu ci boole nit ñi dëkk ci Pacifique bi ak Arctique bi, ba paré ray fa lu toll ci ñaar fukk japp teemeeri milyong ci ay nit.Taubenberger JK, Morens DM (January 2006). "1918 Influenza: the mother of all pandemics". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 12 (1): 15–22. doi:10.3201/eid1201.050979. PMC 3291398. PMID 16494711. Archived from the original on 1 October 2009. Retrieved 7 September 2017. "Historical Estimates of World Population". Archived from the original on 9 July 2012. Retrieved 29 March 2013. Jangat bi ñu def ci socc miy xelli moy ni xale yi ak maggat yi lay gënë ray wante itam setlu nañu ni ñi dig doomu te am feebar bi seen dund mooy gënë yagg.Gagnon A, Miller MS, Hallman SA, Bourbeau R, Herring DA, Earn DJ, Madrenas J (2013). "Age-Specific Mortality During the 1918 Influenza Pandemic: Unravelling the Mystery of High Young Adult Mortality". PLOS One. 8 (8): e69586. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...869586G. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0069586. PMC 3734171. PMID 23940526 Li feebaru socc miy xelli bi feeñoon fële ca Espaañ rayoon mo ëpp fuuf li xeex bu ñëkk bi wëroon ci adduna bi yëpp rayoon tek ci li mu ray ci ay nit ci diggeënte ñaar fukk ak juroom ci ayu bess doomu jangoro bii di SIDA sax rayu ko ci diiru ñaar fukki at ak juroom yu njëk ci bi mu feeñe."The 1918 Influenza Pandemic". virus.stanford.edu Spanish flu facts by Channel 4 NewsMboolo yu tak der yi ay gox yi ñu tejjoon ci giiru xeex bi adduna yëpp bokkoon moo waraloon wallante jangoro ji gaawoon lool, njaaqare bu ëpp ak jaxasoo ci tak der wante itam ñam yu bon yi ñu daan lekk ak itam song yoo xamante ni ganaay yu tooke taxoon na ba tak der yi daan am doomu jangoro ji ci lu yomb.Qureshi, Adnan I. (2016). Ebola Virus Disease: From Origin to Outbreak. Academic Press. p. 42. ISBN 978-0128042427. Jumtukaay yu yees jëm ci dem beek dik bi taxoon  ba yombal tak der yi ci fi ñuy bëg dem, wala takk deru geej gi ak nit ñi seen bopp taxoon na ba lawaayu doomu jangoro ji gaawoon lool.Spanish flu strikes during World War I, 14 January 2010

 Njaqare ci doomu jangoro yi nar am ci ay at ci kanam 

 Jamarlo bi garab yi did def 
Bataaxal bu jëm ci jamarloo yi garab yi di def

Antibiotic-resistant microorganisms are sometimes referred to as "superbugs". They may contribute Micro-organism yi di jamarloo ak xeetu garab yi ñoom lañuy woowe ay superbugs.mën nañu dekkalaat feebar yi nga xamantani tegoon nañu ci loxo ba noppi Researchers sound the alarm: the multidrug resistance of the plague bacillus could spread Archived 14 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine. Pasteur.fr. Ci misaal feebar yu ci melni sëqët mu tar mi nga xamanteni mu ngi jamarloo yenn fasong paccum wolof yi nek na njaxaree ci ñi nga xamni seen xel macc na ci wallum wergu yaram.Xaynma nañu ni  ci lu jegee xaaju milyong ci ay nit ci adduna bi di nañu  am xeetu jangoro bu melni sëqët mu tar mi(MDR-TB) at mu ne.Health ministers to accelerate efforts against drug-resistant TB. World Health Organization. Reewum Chine ak Inde ñooy reew yi gënë am xeetu feebaru sëqët mu tar mi ci adduna werngël këpp.Bill Gates joins Chinese government in tackling TB 'timebomb'. Guardian.co.uk. 1 April 2009 Kureel gi ëmb wallum wergu yaram ci adduna bi yëpp xamlena ni ci lu tolook juroom fukki milyoong ci doomu aadama am nañu doomu jangoro ji ñuy wax MDR TB,ci kaw loolu juroom ñaari fukk ak juroom ñeent ci teemeer bo jëll ci ñiko am ñu ngi jammarloo ak lu toll ci ñett wala luko ëp ci ay garab. Ci atum ñaari junni ak juroom, teemeer ak ñaari fukk ak ñeent ci ay nit ci reewum Amerik ammon nañu feebaru sëqët mu tar mi. Ci atum ñaari junni ak ñeent feebaru sëqët mu tar mi feeñoon na ci reewum Afrik ak ci yeneen ñeent fukki reew ak juroom ñeenti reew bu ńu ci boole Amerik. Kureel gi ëmb wallum wergu yaram ci aaduna wergël këpp defna xayma bu yees ni ńi am feebaru sëqët su tar si tollu nañu ci ñeent fukki junniy nit. Tuberculosis: A new pandemic?. CNN.com

Ci giiru ñaar fukk at yii weesu walax jaan yi ñu gênë rañee yu ci melni Staphylococcus aureus wala Serratia marcescens akEnterococcus wane nañu ay jamarlo yu am solo jëm ci wallu ay xeetu garab yu melni vancomycine ak yeneeni xeetu garab yu ci melni aminoglycosides ak cephalosporines. Yooyu xeetu walax jaan yi di jamarloo ak garab yi ñoo waral leegi ñu setlu ay xeetu infeksoon yu melni nosocomiales. Ci kaw loolu infeksoon yi nga xamanteni ñu ngi jogee ci xeetu walax jaan yu melni Staphylococcus aureus di jamarloo ak xeetu garab yu melni methicilline ci nit yi nga xam ni ñu ngi and ak wergu yaram setlu nañu ni dafa bëri lool ci at yi ñu weesu ni.

 Feebar bu garaw bu mënë andil nit ki yaram bi di tang wala muy waccu wala muy nacc ci gemmiñ wala ci bakkan 
Feebar yu garaaw yi mëna andil nit ki yaramam di tang wala muy waccu wala muy nacc ci gemmiñ wala ci bakkan dañuy wallaate ci lu gaww tekci di raye bu baax. Ci misaal feebar bu joge ci doomu jangoro bu "Ebola", feebar bu ñuy wax "Lassa" ak itam feebar bi ñuy wax "vallée du Rift" ak itam feebar bi joge ci doomu jangoro biñuy wax"Marbug" ak feebar nacc nacc ci yenn ci ay pacc nit ki joge ci reewum" Bolivie". Feebar yu garaw yi mën andil nit ki yaramam di tang wala muy waccu wala muy nacc ci gemmiñ wala ci bakkan amna ñu kattanu nekk mbass ci adduna bi yepp ganaaw ay jangat yi ci am.Fears of Ebola pandemic if violent attacks continue in DR Congo". Al-Jazeera. 23 May 2019. Seen doole ngir ñu mën wallaate ci lu gaaw ba mënë jur mbass ci adduna bi yepp taxu ko deme nonu ndaxte fi leek nit ki am doomu jangoro ni jegewul ku ko amagul wallaate bi du am tek ci nit ki am doomu jangoro bi likoy dese ci ay bess ngir mu dund bëriwul wala mu am feebar buko sonal lool. Digante bi mandarga yi di  wane ni am nga doomu jangoro ji dina tax ba ñi ngank wallum wergu yaram ber la ci teel ndax nga baña yobbu doomu jangoro bi ci yeneeni bereb.

 Doomu jangoro bi tudd Zika 
Bataaxal yu am solo lool: Mbass mi joge ci doomu jangoro bi tudd Zika ci atum ñaari junni ak fukk ak juroom jëm ci atum ñaari junni ak fukk ak juroom benn, doomu jangoro bi tudd Zika, yaram yi di tang joge ci doomu jangor bi di Zika. Mbass mi jogee ci doomu jangoro bu tudd Zika mu ngi tambale ci atum ñaari junni ak fukk ak juroom  wante mu ngi am doole lool ci giir atum ñaari junni ak fukk ak juroom ben lu toll ci  benn milyong yu tekk juroom teemeer junni ci ay nit yu amoon doomu jangoro bi lu toll ci fukki reew ak ñaar ci reewum Amerik. Kureel gi ëmb wallum wergu yaram ci adduna bi artu na ni yi ni doomu jangaro bi di Zika mënoon na dem ba andi mbass mu yeemeci adduna bi yëpp  su fekkantenewoon ni jeemu ñu def dara ngir xeex ko."Zika virus could become 'explosive pandemic'". bbc.co.uk. 28 January 2016.

 References 
Wàll:Paj