Tổng thống Tây Ban Nha

Tổng thống Cộng hòa () là chức danh của nguyên thủ quốc gia Đệ nhị Cộng hòa Tây Ban Nha (1931–1939). Chức danh tổng thống dựa trên mô hình của Cộng hòa Weimar, có nhiều nét giống của cả chế độ tổng thống Pháp và tổng thống Hoa Kỳ.Payne, Stanley G. (1993) Spain's First Democracy: The Second Republic, 1931–1936, pp. 62–3. Univ of Wisconsin Press. Google Books. Retrieved 2 October 2013.

Tây Ban Nha có hai nền cộng hòa trong lịch sử, với thể chế nhà nước khác nhau, danh xưng tổng thống Tây Ban Nha xuất hiện vào thời đệ nhị cộng hòa.

 Đệ nhất Cộng hòa Tây Ban Nha (1873–74) 

Following the abdication of Amadeo I on 10 February 1873, the short-lived First Republic (1873–74) had four heads of state (officially, Presidents of the Executive Power): Estanislao Figueras, Pi i Margall, Nicolás Salmerón, and Emilio Castelar.The official name of " Executive Power " between 1868 and 1874, designates a transitory and undefined authority without a constitutional configuration.

 Chủ tịch hội đồng hành pháp Đệ nhất Cộng hòa 
Chân dungTênBắt đầuKết thúcĐảng phái112x112pxEstanislao Figueras12 February 187311 June 1873Democratic Federal Republican Party120x120pxFrancesc Pi i Margall11 June 187318 July 1873Democratic Federal Republican Party120x120pxNicolás Salmerón18 July 18737 September 1873Progressive Party120x120pxEmilio Castelar7 September 18733 January 1874Republican Possibilist Party

On the eve of the pronunciamiento. (coup d'état) of 3 January 1874, General Pavia sent for Francisco Serrano y Domínguez take to the leadership. Serrano took the title of president of the executive and he continued at the end of December 1874 when the Bourbons were restored by another pronunciamiento.

PortraitNameTerm startTerm end120x120pxFrancisco Serrano y Domínguez3 January 187430 December 1874

 Second Spanish Republic (1931–1939) 
Following the abdication of Alfonso XIII on 14 April 1931, there was no official head of state, meaning that the Prime Minister was, in effect, the highest office in the land. Niceto Alcalá-Zamora assumed the new role of President of the Republic, the effective head of state, after the approval of the new Constitution in December 1931. Manuel Azaña remained as Prime Minister, head of the government, until 12 September 1933.

 Presidents (Prime Ministers) of the Provisional Government of the Republic 
NameTerm startTerm endPolitical Party91x91pxNiceto Alcalá-Zamora14 April 193114 October 1931Liberal Republican Right100x100pxManuel Azaña14 October 193111 December 1931Republican Action

 Presidents of the Republic 
NameTerm startTerm endPolitical Party91x91pxNiceto Alcalá-Zamora11 December 19317 April 1936Liberal Republican Right112x112pxDiego Martínez Barrio (interim)7 April 193611 May 1936Republican Union (Popular Front)100x100pxManuel Azaña11 May 19363 March 1939Republican Left (Popular Front)

With Franco's victory imminent, a National Council of Defense was established to negotiate a peace settlement with the Nationalists. By this point, Franco effectively had military control of the whole country.

 Presidents of the National Council of Defense (Republican Zone) 
NameTerm startTerm endPolitical Party112x112pxSegismundo Casado(interim)4 March 193913 March 1939Military120x120pxJosé Miaja13 March 193927 March 1939Military

 Fall of the Republic 
On 27 February 1939, after both France and the United Kingdom had recognised Franco's military victory, President Manuel Azaña, exiled in France, resigned. The following week, the so-called Casado's Coup against Prime Minister Negrín's government"War in Spain: Casado's Coup" TIME. Retrieved 2 October 2013. led to the creation of the National Defence Council which attempted, unsuccessfully to negotiate terms, with Franco breaking off talks motu proprio. "Segismunco [sic] Casado: el final de una guerra" ABC. Retrieved 2 October 2013. Following Franco's final offensive at the end of March 1939, the Republic fell.

 Presidents of the Spanish Republic in exile (1939–1977) 
PortraitNameTerm startTerm endPolitical Party112x112pxDiego Martínez Barrio(Official interim successor of Azaña for being president of the Congress and an important figure for most of the non-communist anti-Franco forces but for his enmity with Juan Negrín he did not take office until 1945).4 March 193917 August 1945Republican Union (Popular Front)102x102pxJuan Negrín (Prime Minister in the exile until the proclamation as president of Diego Martínez Barrio, who dismissed him).31 March 1939Herrerín López, Ángel (2007), El dinero del exilio: Indalecio Prieto y las pugnas de posguerra (1939-1947), Siglo XXI de España Editores, pág.3Romero Samper, Milagrosa (2005), La oposición durante el franquismo, Encuentro, pág.9117 August 1945Republican Union (Popular Front)112x112pxDiego Martínez Barrio17 August 19451 January 1962Republican Union (Popular Front)87x87pxLuis Jiménez de Asúa11 February 196216 November 1970PSOE (Popular Front)80x80pxJosé Maldonado GonzálezNovember 19701 July 1977Republican Left (Popular Front)

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Thể loại:Political history of Spain
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