Fil (shaxmat)

Fil (♗, ♝) – shaxmatdagi donalardan biri. U faqat diagonal yoʻnalishda harakatlanadi va shu yoʻnalishda raqib figurasini urishi mumkin. Fil boshqa sipohlar ustidan sakrab oʻtolmaydi. Har bir oʻyinchi oʻyinni ikkita fil bilan boshlaydi. Oq fillarning boshlangʻich joylari – c1 va f1, qora fillar esa c8 va f8 kvadratlarida joylashadi.

 Joylashuvi va harakatlanishi 
Shoh tomonidagi fil oq tomon uchun f1 katakka, qora tomon uchun esa f8 katakka joylashtiriladi. Farzin tomoidagi fil esa oqda c1 katakda, qorada esa c8 katakda joylashadi.



 Nomlarning tarjimalari 

 Manbalar 

 Adabiyotlar 
 Barden, Leonard (1980), Play better chess with Leonard Barden, Octopus Books Limited, p. 10, ISBN 978-0-7134-8769-5
 Brace, Edward R. (1977), An Illustrated Dictionary of Chess, Hamlyn Publishing Group, pp. 34–35, ISBN 1-55521-394-4
 Davidson, Henry (1981), A Short History of Chess (1949), McKay, ISBN 0-679-14550-8
 Fine, Reuben; Benko, Pal (2003), Basic Chess Endings (1941), McKay, ISBN 0-8129-3493-8
 Fiske, Willard (1905), Chess in Iceland and in Icelandic literature, with historical notes on other table games (1905), The Florentine typographical society
 Golombek, Harry (1976), Chess: A History, Putnam, ISBN 0-399-11575-7
 Hooper, David; Whyld, Kenneth (1996) [First pub. 1992], "bishop", The Oxford Companion to Chess (2nd ed.), Oxford University Press, p. 41, ISBN 0-19-280049-3
 Kurzdorfer, Peter (2003), The Everything Chess Basics Book, Adams Media, ISBN 978-1-58062-586-9
 Mednis, Edmar (1990), Practical Bishop Endings, Chess Enterprises, ISBN 0-945470-04-5
 Müller, Karsten; Lamprecht, Frank (2001), Fundamental Chess Endings, Gambit Publications, ISBN 1-901983-53-6
 Murray, H. J. R. (1913), A History of Chess, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-827403-3
 Reinfeld, Fred (1947), Reinfeld on the End-game in Chess, Dover Publications

 Havolalar  
Piececlopedia: Bishop by Fergus Duniho and Hans Bodlaender, The Chess Variant Pages
Turkum:Shaxmat
Turkum:Shaxmat donalari