Muhammad Said Ramazon al-Butiy

Muhammad Said Ramazon Al-Butiy ()
(1929-yil, Turkiya — 2013-yil 21-mart, Damashq shahri) —Turkiyalik taniqli sunniy musulmon olimi, yozuvchi va professor.Damashq universitetida dekan oʻrinbosari va Umaviylar masjidida imom boʻlib ishlagan .

Al-Butiy islom huquqi va ilohiyotiga oid oltmishdan ortiq kitob yozgan. U islomdagi to'rtta mazhabga va ash'ariylik e'tiqodiga sodiq bo'lgan islom neotradisionalizmining yetakchi namoyandasi edi .  Uning asarlari islomning dunyoviylik, marksizm va millatchilik kabi qarama-qarshi mafkuralarga qarshi vahhobiylik va islom modernizmining islohotchi harakatlariga qarshi asosiy himoyasi sifatida yuqori baholangan.

2013-yilning 21-martida al-Butiy Damashqdagi Al-Iman masjidida oʻldirilgan. Voqea atrofidagi tafsilotlar hali ham noma'lum.

 Hayoti 
Al-Butiy 1929-yilda Turkiyaning Cizre shahri yaqinida joylashgan Jeilka qishlog'ida tug'ilgan . Uning otasi Mulla Ramazon al-Butiy, ulamo bo'lib, Levant, Iroq va Turkiyaning qator mintaqalarida yashovchi kurd qabilasidan bo'lgan Sheikh al-Bouti, the Syrian Sunni cleric who stood by Assad alarabiya.net| 22 March 2013. Al-Butiy to'rt yoshga to'lganda, Otaturkning inqiloblari tufayli uning oilasi Damashqqa ko'chib o'tdi.

U boshlang‘ich maktabga oʻqigan va otasidan maxsus diniy saboq olgan . Al-Butiy oʻn bir yoshida Midon shahridagi Manjak masjidida Shayx Hasan Habannaka va Shayx al-Maradlnl bilan Qur’on va Muhammad payg‘ambar biografiyasini oʻrgangan. Keyinchalik masjid Islom yoʻnalishi institutiga aylantirilgach, u 1953-yilgacha Qurʼon tafsiri, mantiq, ritorika va islom fiqhining asosiy tamoyillarini oʻrgandi.

1954-yilda  Al Azhar universitetining shariat fakultetida bakalavriat taʼlimini tamomlash uchun Qohiraga bordi .

 Karyera 
Al-Butiy oʻz faoliyatini 1958-1961-yillarda Xomsdagi oʻrta maktabda oʻqituvchilik qilishdan boshlagan . 1960-yilda Damashq universitetining shariat fakultetiga oʻqituvchilikka tayinlangan. U shariat fanlari doktori darajasini olish uchun yana Al Azhar universitetiga bordi va 1965-yilda doktorlik (PhD) darajasini oldi Andreas Christmann, 'Islamic scholar and religious leader: A portrait of Shaykh Muhammad Sa'id Ramadan al-Būti', Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations (Publisher: Routledge), Vol.  .

U 1965-yilda Damashq universitetiga qaytib keldi va 1977-yildan 1983-yilgacha shu universitetning shariat fakulteti dekani lavozimida ishladi. Keyinchalik u Damashq universitetida qiyosiy huquq va dinshunoslik bo'yicha o'qituvchisi va Sharfa fakulteti dekani ham boʻlib ishlagan. Al-Butiy qiyosiy huquq professori bo'lib, Islom aqidasi (aqida) va Muhammad payg`ambarning tarjimai holi (siyrat ) bo'yicha o'qituvchilik qilgan Andreas Christmann, 'Islamic scholar and religious leader: A portrait of Shaykh Muhammad Sa'id Ramadan al-Būti', Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations (Publisher: Routledge), Vol. .

Al-Butiy Iordaniyaning Amman shahridagi Aal al-Bayt islomiy fondi,  Oksford akademiyasi Oliy Kengashi  va Abu-Dabidagi Tabah fondi Oliy maslahat kengashi aʼzosi edi. .

1979-yilda Suriyada „Musulmon birodarlar ” inqilobi paytida al-Butiy islomiy jangarilarning hujumlarini qattiq qoralagan edi Andreas Christmann, 'Islamic scholar and religious leader: A portrait of Shaykh Muhammad Sa'id Ramadan al-Būti', Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations (Publisher: Routledge), Vol. ,  hamkasblarining aksariyati esa muxolifatni qoʻllab-quvvatlagan yoki jim turishgan. 2008-yilda Al-Butiy Damashqdagi Umaviylar masjidiga voiz etib tayinlangan.  

 2011-yil mart oyida Suriyadagi inqilob va uning pozitsiyasi 
2011-yil mart oyida Suriyada inqilob boshlanganidan keyin Al-Butiy hukumatga qarshi namoyishlarni tanqid qildi va namoyishchilarni „Suriyadagi fitna va tartibsizliklarni qoʻzgʻatish uchun masjidlardan foydalanmoqchi boʻlgan nomaʼlum manbalarning chaqiriqlariga” amal qilmaslikka chaqirdi. 

Al-Butiy Suriyada boshlangan namoyishlarni islomga zid deb qoralagan. Al-Butiy namoyishlar boshlanganidan ko'p o'tmay, prezident Asadni yuzlab ayol o'qituvchilarni hijob kiygani uchun ishdan bo'shatish to'g'risidagi qarori uchun  tanqid qildi. Al-Butiyning tanqididan soʻng bu qaror prezident Asad tomonidan bekor qilindi.

 Suiqasd 
Al-Butiy Damashq markazidagi Mazraa tumanidagi Al-Iman masjidida talabalarga diniy dars berayotganda o'ldirilgan.  Ma’lumotlarga koʻra, bombali hujumda kamida 42 kishi halok boʻlgan, 84 dan ortiq kishi jarohatlangan. Bu fuqarolar urushi paytida birinchi marta xudkush-terrorchining masjid ichida portlovchi moddalarni portlatib yuborishi edi.

Edinburg universitetining zamonaviy islom boʻyicha oʻqituvchisi Thomas Pierretning fikricha, Al-Butiyning oʻlimi Suriya hukumati uchun „sunniy diniy elita orasidagi soʻnggi ishonchli ittifoqchi”ni yoʻqotganini anglatadi. Pierretning ta'kidlashicha, Al-Butiy "dunyodagi haqiqiy musulmon olim" edi. 

Hujum uchun mas'uliyatni hech kim zimmasiga olgani yo'q, hukumat ham, muxolifat ham hujumni qoralab, bir-birini ushbu jinoyatni sodir etganlikda aybladi. Muxolifat kuchlari orasida masjid ichidagi xudkush terrorchi tomonidan "taniqli din arbobi ... nishonga olinishiga shubha va hayrat" bor edi.

 Ishlar 
Al-Butiy 60 ga yaqin diniy va falsafiy kitoblarni (arab tilida) nashr ettirgan. Uning aksariyat falsafiy asarlari „Dor al-Fikr” tomonidan nashr etilgan:

Tanlangan kitoblarga quyidagilar kiradi:

 نقض أوهام المادية الجدلية (Illusions of Dialectical Materialism)
 المذاهب التوحيدية والفلسفات المعاصرة (Monotheistic Schools and Contemporary Philosophies)
 كبرى اليقينيات الكونية :وجود الخالق و وظيفة المخلوق (The Greatest Universal Sureties: The Creator's Existence and the Creature's Function)
 أوربة من التقنية إلى الروحانية – مشكلة الجسر المقطوع (Europe from Technology to Spiritual Life – The problem of a broken bridge)
 حوار حول مشكلات حضارية (Dialogue About Civilizational Issues)
 فقه السيرة النبوية مع موجز لتاريخ الخلافة الراشدة (The Jurisprudence of the Prophetic Biography and a Brief History of the Rightly guided Caliphate)
 (لحوار سبيل التعايش (ندوات الفكر المعاصر (Dialogue Among Civilizations : The Way for Coexistence (seminars about contemporary thought))
 المذهب الاقتصادي بين الشيوعية والإسلام (Economic Theory Between Communism and Islam)
 قضايا فقهية معاصرة. (Contemporary Jurisprudential Issues) (two volumes)
 المذاهب التوحيدية والفلسفات المعاصرة (Monotheistic Religions and Modern Philosophies)
 باكورة اعمالي الفكرية (The Early fruits of My Intellectual Works)
 منهج الحضارة الإنسانية في القرآن (Methodology of Human Civilization in the Koran)
 (الإسلام والعصر تحديات وآفاق (حوارات لقرن جديد (Islam and Modern Age: Challenges and Prospects (Dialogues for a New Century))
 (التغيير مفهومه وطرائقه (ندوات الفكر المعاصر (The Change, its Concept and Modalities (Modern Thought Seminars))
 دور الأديان في السلام العالمي (The Role of Religions in World Peace)
 حقائق عن نشأة القومية (Facts about the Emergence of Nationalism)
 المرأة بين طغيان النظام الغربي ولطائف التشريع الرباني (Women: The Tyranny of the Western System and the Kindness in Divine Legislation)
 هذا والدي (This Is My Father) (a biography of Mulla Ramadan Al-Bouti)
 مموزين (Momo Zein) (a Kurdish novel by Ahmede Khani
 الجهاد في الإسلام: كيف نفهمه؟ وكيف نمارسه؟ (The Jihad in Islam: How Should We Understand? And How Should We Practice?)
 الإنسان مسير أم مخير (Human beings between compatibilism and determinism)
 هذه مشكلاتهم (These Are Their Problems)
 عائشة: ام المؤمنين (Aisha: Mother of Believers)
 في سبيل الله والحق (In the Sake of God and Rightness)
 الحِكم العطائية شرح وتحليل (Al-Attaúah Advices, Explanation, and Analysis) (4 volumes)
 مشورات اجتماعية (Social advices)
 هذا ما قلته أمام بعض الرؤساء والملوك (That's What I Said to Some presidents and Kings)
 التعرف على الذات هو الطريق المعبد إلى الإسلام (The recognition of self is a Paved Way to Islam)
 من روائع القرآن الكريم (Some Masterpieces of the Holy Koran)
 شخصيات استوقفتني (Personalities That attracted my observation)

Televizion dasturlar:

 لا يأتيه الباطل – Shoam kanali / Sani'ou al Qarar kanali
 Qur'onshunoslik, Suriya sun'iy yo'ldosh televideniesi
 شرح كتاب كبرى اليقينيات الكونية  – "Al Kalaam al Tayyeb" serialida – Al-Resalah sun'iy yo'ldosh TV
 مشاهد وعبر – Al-Resalah sun'iy yo'ldosh televideniesi
 فقه السيرة  – Iqraa TV
 شرح الحكم العطائية – So'fiya kanali.
 الجديد في إعجاز القرآن الكريم– Iqraa TV
 هذا هو الجهاد– Azhari telekanali.

 Manbalar 

 Havolalar 
 Shayx Butiy asarlaridan ingliz tiliga tarjimalar toʻplami 
 Shayx Said Ramazon al-Butiydan foydali iqtiboslar
 Shayx Butiyning al-Alboniyni rad etishi
 al-La mazhabiy 
Turkum:Sunniy soʻfiylar
Turkum:Islom va siyosat
Turkum:Al-Azhar universiteti bitiruvchilari
Turkum:2013-yilda vafot etganlar
Turkum:1929-yilda tugʻilganlar