Rossiya demografiyasi

2010-yil boshida Rossiya aholisi 141 927 297 kishini tashkil qildi.
Rossiya 1991-yilda Sovet Ittifoqi parchalanishi arafasida 148 689 000 aholi bilan eng koʻp aholiga ega edi. Buning ortidan aholi sonining barqaror qisqarishi kuzatildi, tugʻilishning kamayishi va oʻlim darajasining oʻsishi tufayli Rossiya aholisi yiliga taxminan 0,5 % ga qisqardi. Biroq, bu tendentsiya soʻnggi yillarda sekinlashdi va Rossiya aholisi 2009-yilda 23 300 kishiga koʻpaydi, bu 15 yil ichida birinchi marta oʻsishdir.

2002-yilda etnik ruslar mamlakat aholisining 80 % ni tashkil qilgan. Yana oltita guruh bir milliondan ortiq kishini tashkil etdi: tatarlar (3,8 %), ukrainlar (2,0 %), boshqirdlar (1,1 %), chuvashlar (1,1 %), chechenlar (0,9 %) va armanlar (0,8 %). Rossiya Federatsiyasi chegaralarida 160 ta muhim etnik guruhlar yashaydi. Rossiyadagi mahalliy xalqlarning mavqei baʼzi joylarda qiyin .
Rossiya aholisining zichligi har kvadrat kilometrga 8 kishini tashkil etadi, bu esa uni dunyodagi eng kam aholi yashaydigan mamlakatlardan biriga aylantiradi. Viloyatning aholi zichligi eng yuqori boʻlgan Yevropa qismida, ayniqsa uning manbai Moskva va Sankt-Peterburgdir. Sankt-Peterburg atrofida. Rossiya aholisining 73 foizi shaharlarda yashaydi.

 Aholining Kamayishi 
Rossiya aholisining eng yuqori choʻqqisiga 1991-yilda, Sovet Ittifoqi parchalanishidan oldin erishgan. Tugʻilishning pastligi va gʻayrioddiy yuqori oʻlim darajasi Rossiya aholisining 1990-yillarning oʻrtalaridan 2000-yillarning oʻrtalariga qadar har yili 0,5 foizga yoki 750-800 ming kishiga qisqarishiga olib keldi. Birlashgan Millatlar Tashkiloti agar raqamlar tez oʻzgarmasa, 2050-yilga borib Rossiyaning 143 million aholisi uchdan biriga kamayishi mumkinligidan ogohlantirdiSteven Eke (23-iyun 2005-yil). „Russiaʼs population falling fast“. BBC News.. Ammo, Rossiya Davlat Statistika Markazi Rosstat maʼlumotlariga koʻra, 2009 va 2010-yillarda aholi sonining koʻpayishi bilan vaziyat yanada optimistik boʻldi. Rosstat maʼlumotlariga koʻra, Rossiya aholisi 2030-yilga kelib bor-yoʻgʻi 139 millionga qisqaradi (past baho: 127 million), yuqori baho: 147 millionga koʻpayadi. 2008-yilda statistiklardan biri 2010-yilda Rossiya aholisi yana koʻpayishini bashorat qilgan edi. Bashorat toʻgʻri boʻldi.
Sovet Ittifoqi parchalanganidan keyingi iqtisodiy inqirozlar tufayli qashshoqlikda yashovchi rossiyaliklar soni ikki baravar kamaydi, bu esa tez iqtisodiy oʻsish va tugʻilishning pastligi bilan bogʻliq. Rossiyada tugʻilish koeffitsienti 1999-yilda eng past koʻrsatkich boʻlib, har 1000 aholiga yillik 8,27 ni tashkil etdi. 2009-yilda tegishli koʻrsatkich 12,4 ni tashkil etdi. Tugʻilishning umumiy koeffitsienti 1,16 (1999) dan 1,54 (2009) ga oshdi. Tugʻilish darajasining eng yuqori oʻsishi 2007-yilda 25 yoshni tashkil etgan boʻlsa, 2009-yilda shtat 1991-yildan beri eng yuqori tugʻilish darajasiga ega. Masalan, 2009-yilda Qoʻshma Shtatlarda tugʻilish darajasi har 1000 kishiga 13,8 ni tashkil etdiRussian policies ignite unprecedented birth rate in 2007 The Economic Times 21. maaliskuuta 2008. Rossiyada 2009-yilda juda yuqori oʻlim darajasi 1000 kishiga 14,2 edi. Qoʻshma Shtatlarda bu koʻrsatkich 1000 kishiga 8,4 ni tashkil qiladi.

Aholi sonining tez kamayib ketishi sabablari boʻyicha konsensus yoʻq. Baʼzi olimlar buni koʻp spirtli ichimliklarni isteʼmol qilishda ayblashsa-da, boshqalari Sovet Ittifoqi parchalanganidan keyin turmush tarzini salbiy oʻzgartirdi„WHO Life Expectancy Projections 2000 — ministry“ Jahon Sogʻliqni saqlash tashkiloti. Britaniyaning The Lancet sogʻliqni saqlash gazetasiga koʻra, xususiylashtirish oʻlim koʻpayishining asosiy sabablaridan biridirMass privatisation and the post-communist mortality crisis: a cross-national analysis. Gazetaga koʻra, bu qashshoqlik, ishsizlik va bevaqt oʻlimga olib keladi. The Economist bu natijalarni tanqid qildi. Rossiyaning Demoscope nashriga koʻra, erkaklar oʻlimining oʻsishi 1960-yildan 2005-yilgacha uzoq vaqt davom etdiSmertnost v Rossii skvoz prizmu privatizatsii . Nashrning yozishicha, rivojlanishni vaqtincha sekinlashtirgan yagona omil Mixail Gorbachyov boshlagan alkogolga qarshi kampaniya boʻlgan.

Putin hukumatining asosiy maqsadlaridan biri aholi inqirozini sekinlashtirish edi. Natijada 2020-yilga borib aholi oʻsishini toʻxtatuvchi dastur paydo boʻldi. 2007-yilda oʻtkazilgan soʻrovlarga koʻra, aholining qisqarish surʼati 2007-yilning shu davridagi 196,6 ming kishiga nisbatan 2006-yil yanvar oyida 408,2 ming kishidan kamayishni boshlagan. 357 000 kishi vafot etdi, bu 2006-yilga nisbatan 137 000 kishiga kam. Rossiya Ichki ishlar vazirligi, Iqtisodiyot, 2020-yilga borib Rossiya aholisi 138-139 million kishini tashkil qiladi va 2025-yilga kelib u yana hozirgi darajaga etadi va oʻrtacha umr koʻrish 75 yoshga etadi, deb umid qilmoqda. 2008 va 2009-yillar oraligʻida aholining qisqarish tezligi keskin pasaydi va 2009-yilda aholi soni 15 yil ichida birinchi marta koʻpaydiНаселение России за пять лет уменьшилось на 3,2 миллиона до 142 миллионов человек. Newsru. 2007-yil 19-oktabr.

 Hayot davomiyligi 
Ruslarning uzoq umr koʻrishlari ularning sogʻligʻiga bogʻliq.
uzoq umrAholisi (million)%0-46,8674.85-96,5364.510-148,4695.915-1912,2418.520-2412,2678.625-2910,8817,630-3410,2117.135-399,4126.640-4411,6658.145-4911,8858.350-5410,5187.355-597,6565.360-645,1793.665-697,5105.2> 7012,1778.5Jami143474100

 WW2 keyin 
+Vital Statistics of Russia 1946–2023Population 2020  Jami aholi soni (1993-yil 1-yanvar)  Tugʻilganlar Vafot etgan Tabiiy oʻsish Crude birth rate (per 1,000) Crude death rate (per 1,000) Natural change (per 1,000) Crude migration change (per 1,000) Total Fertility Rates Fertility Life Expectancy Abortions (including miscarriages) reported shahar  qishloq male  female  Jami 1946 98,028,000 2,546,000 1,210,000 1,336,000 26.0 12.3 13.6-5.4 2.81 46.6 55.3 1947 98,834,000 2,715,000 1,680,000 1,035,000 27.517.0 10.5-1.7 2.94 39.9 49.8 1948 99,706,000 2,516,000 1,310,000 1,206,000 25.2 13.1 12.1 2.5 2.60 47.0 56.0 1949 101,160,0003,089,000 1,187,000 1,902,00030.5 11.718.8-2.33.21 51.0 59.8 1950 102,833,000 2,859,000 1,180,000 1,679,000 27.8 11.5 16.3 -0.7 2.89 52.3 61.0 1951 104,439,000 2,938,000 1,210,000 1,728,000 28.1 11.6 16.5 0 2.92 52.3 60.6 1952 106,164,000 2,928,000 1,138,000 1,790,000 27.6 10.7 16.9-1.2 2.87 54.6 62.9 1953 107,828,000 2,822,000 1,118,000 1,704,000 26.2 10.4 15.8 1.0 2.73 55.5 63.9 1954 109,643,000 3,048,000 1,133,000 1,915,000 27.8 10.3 17.5 0.1 2.97 55.9 64.1 1955 111,572,000 2,942,000 1,037,000 1,905,000 26.4 9.3 17.1-1.4 2.82 58.3 66.6 1956 113,327,000 2,827,000 956,000 1,871,000 24.9 8.4 16.5-1.4 2.73 60.1 68.8 1957 115,035,000 2,880,000 1,017,000 1,863,000 25.0 8.8 16.2 -1.3 2.75 59.7 68.4 3,407,398 1958 116,749,000 2,861,000 931,0001,930,000 24.5 8.0 16.5-3.2 2.69 61.8 70.4 3,939,362 1959 118,307,000 2,796,228 920,225 1,876,003 23.6 7.8 15.9-2.4 2.58 2.03 3.34 62.84 71.14 67.65 4,174,111 1960 119,906,000 2,782,353886,090 1,896,263 23.2 7.4 15.8-1.8 2.56 2.06 3.26 63.67 72.31 68.67 4,373,042 1961 121,586,000 2,662,135 901,637 1,760,498 21.9 7.4 14.5 -1.8 2.47 2.04 3.08 63.91 72.63 68.92 4,759,040 1962 123,128,000 2,482,539 949,648 1,532,891 20.2 7.7 12.4 -1.1 2.36 1.98 2.92 63.67 72.27 68.58 4,925,124 1963 124,514,000 2,331,505 932,055 1,399,450 18.7 7.5 11.2-1.3 2.31 1.93 2.87 64.12 72.78 69.05 5,134,100 1964 125,744,000 2,121,994 901,751 1,220,243 16.97.2 9.7-1.7 2.19 1.88 2.66 64.89 73.58 69.85 5,376,200 1965 126,749,000 1,990,520 958,789 1,031,731 15.7 7.6 8.1 -1.3 2.14 1.82 2.58 64.37 73.33 69.445,463,300 1966 127,608,000 1,957,763 974,299 983,464 15.3 7.6 7.7-1.8 2.13 1.85 2.58 64.29 73.55 69.51 5,322,500 1967 128,361,000 1,851,041 1,017,034 834,007 14.4 7.9 6.5-1.2 2.03 1.79 2.46 64.02 73.43 69.30 5,005,000 1968 129,037,000 1,816,509 1,040,096 776,413 14.1 8.1 6.0-1.2 1.98 1.75 2.44 63.73 73.56 69.26 4,872,900 1969 129,660,000 1,847,592 1,106,640 740,952 14.2 8.5 5.7-1.1 1.99 1.78 2.44 63.07 73.29 68.74 4,751,100 1970 130,252,000 1,903,713 1,131,183 772,530 14.6 8.7 5.9-0.7 2.00 1.77 2.52 63.07 73.44 68.86 4,837,700 1971 130,934,000 1,974,637 1,143,359 831,278 15.1 8.7 6.3 -0.5 2.02 1.80 2.60 63.24 73.77 69.12 4,838,749 1972 131,687,000 2,014,638 1,181,802 832,836 15.3 9.0 6.3-0.6 2.03 1.81 2.59 63.24 73.62 69.02 4,765,900 1973 132,434,000 1,994,621 1,214,204 780,417 15.1 9.2 5.9 0 1.96 1.75 2.55 63.28 73.56 69.00 4,747,037 1974 133,217,000 2,079,812 1,222,495 857,317 15.6 9.2 6.4 0.2 2.00 1.78 2.63 63.12 73.77 68.99 4,674,050 1975 134,092,000 2,106,147 1,309,710 796,437 15.7 9.8 5.9 1.1 1.97 1.76 2.64 62.48 73.23 68.35 4,670,700 1976 135,026,000 2,146,711 1,352,950 793,761 15.9 10.0 5.9 1.2 1.96 1.74 2.62 62.19 73.04 68.10 4,757,055 1977 135,979,000 2,156,724 1,387,986 768,738 15.9 10.2 5.7 1.2 1.92 1.72 2.58 61.82 73.19 67.97 4,686,063 1978 136,922,000 2,179,030 1,417,377 761,653 15.9 10.4 5.6 0.5 1.90 1.70 2.55 61.83 73.23 68.01 4,656,057 1979 137,758,000 2,178,542 1,490,057 688,485 15.8 10.8 5.0 0.3 1.87 1.67 2.54 61.49 73.02 67.73 4,544,040 1980 138,483,000 2,202,779 1,525,755 677,024 15.9 11.0 4.9 0.4 1.87 1.68 2.51 61.38 72.96 67.70 4,506,249 1981 139,221,000 2,236,608 1,524,286 712,322 16.1 10.9 5.1 1.0 1.88 1.69 2.55 61.61 73.18 67.92 4,400,676 1982 140,067,420 2,328,044 1,504,200 823,844 16.6 10.7 5.9 1.2 1.96 1.76 2.63 62.24 73.64 68.38 4,462,825 1983 141,056,000 2,478,322 1,563,995 914,327 17.6 11.1 6.5 0.6 2.11 1.89 2.76 62.15 73.41 68.15 4,317,729 1984 142,061,000 2,409,614 1,650,866 758,748 17.0 11.6 5.3 1.5 2.06 1.86 2.69 61.71 72.96 67.67 4,361,959 1985 143,033,000 2,375,147 1,625,266 749,881 16.6 11.4 5.2 2.7 2.05 1.87 2.68 62.72 73.23 68.33 4,552,443 1986 144,156,000 2,485,915 1,497,975 987,940 17.2 10.4 6.9 1.0 2.18 1.98 2.83 64.77 74.22 69.95 4,579,400 1987 145,386,000 2,499,974 1,531,585 968,389 17.2 10.5 6.7 1.0 2.22 1.974 3.187 64.83 74.26 69.96 4,385,627 1988 146,505,000 2,348,494 1,569,112 779,382 16.0 10.7 5.3 0.4 2.13 1.90 3.06 64.61 74.25 69.81 4,608,953 1989 147,342,000 2,160,559 1,583,743 576,816 14.7 10.7 3.9 0.4 2.01 1.83 2.63 64.20 74.50 69.73 4,427,713 1990 147,969,000 1,988,858 1,655,993 332,865 13.4 11.2 2.2 0.7 1.892 1.698 2.600 63.76 74.32 69.36 4,103,425 1991 148,394,000 1,794,626 1,690,657 103,969 12.1 11.4 0.7 0.3 1.732 1.531 2.447 63.41 74.23 69.11 3,608,421 1992 148,538,000 1,587,644 1,807,441 -219,797 10.7 12.2 -1.5 1.7 1.547 1.351 2.219 61.96 73.71 67.98 3,436,695 1993 148,561,694stastistics Russia, de jure population of Russia as of January 1, visited September 30, 2023 1,378,983 2,129,339 -750,356 9.3 14.3 -5.1 3.7 1.369 1.200 1.946 58.80 71.85 65.24 3,243,957 1994 148,355,867 1,408,159 2,301,366 -893,207 9.5 15.5 -6.0 6.7 1.394 1.238 1.917 57.38 71.07 63.93 3,060,237 1995 148,459,937 1,363,806 2,203,811 -840,005 9.2 14.9 -5.7 4.6 1.337 1.193 1.813 58.11 71.60 64.62 2,766,362 1996 148,291,638 1,304,638 2,082,249 -777,611 8.8 14.1 -5.2 3.4 1.270 1.140 1.705 59.61 72.41 65.89 2,652,038 1997 148,028,613 1,259,943 2,015,779 -755,836 8.5 13.6 -5.1 3.6 1.218 1.097 1.624 60.84 72.85 66.79 2,498,716 1998 147,802,133 1,283,292 1,988,744 -705,452 8.7 13.5 -4.8 3.0 1.232 1.109 1.643 61.19 73.12 67.14 2,346,138 1999 147,539,4261,214,689 2,144,316 -929,6278.3 14.6 -6.3 1.91.1571.0451.534 59.86 72.42 65.99 2,181,153 2000 146,890,128 1,266,800 2,225,332 -958,532 8.6 15.2 -6.5 2.5 1.195 1.089 1.554 58.99 72.25 65.38 2,138,800 2001 146,303,611 1,311,604 2,254,856 -943,252 9.0 15.4 -6.5 2.0 1.223 1.124 1.564 58.88 72.16 65.30 2,114,700 2002 145,649,334 1,396,967 2,332,272 -935,305 9.6 16.1 -6.4 1.7 1.286 1.189 1.633 58.68 71.90 64.95 1,944,481 2003 144,963,650 1,477,301 2,365,826 -888,525 10.2 16.4 -6.1 1.8 1.319 1.223 1.666 58.53 71.85 64.84 1,864,647 2004 144,333,586 1,502,477 2,295,402 -792,925 10.4 15.9 -5.5 1.8 1.344 1.253 1.654 58.91 72.36 65.31 1,797,567 2005 143,801,046 1,457,376 2,303,935 -846,559 10.2 16.1 -5.9 2.0 1.294 1.207 1.576 58.92 72.47 65.37 1,675,693 2006 143,236,582 1,479,637 2,166,703 -687,066 10.3 15.1 -4.8 2.2 1.305 1.210 1.601 60.43 73.34 66.69 1,582,398 2007 142,862,692 1,610,122 2,080,445 -470,323 11.3 14.6 -3.3 2.5 1.416 1.294 1.798 61.46 74.02 67.61 1,479,010 2008 142,742,368 1,713,947 2,075,954 -362,007 12.0 14.5 -2.6 2.5 1.502 1.372 1.912 61.92 74.28 67.99 1,385,600 2009 142,785,344 1,761,687 2,010,543 -248,856 12.3 14.1 -1.7 2.4 1.542 1.415 1.941 62.87 74.79 68.78 1,292,389 2010 142,849,472 1,788,948 2,028,516 -239,568 12.5 14.2 -1.7 1.9 1.567 1.439 1.983 63.09 74.88 68.94 1,186,108 2011 142,860,908 1,796,629 1,925,720 -129,091 12.6 13.5 -0.9 2.2 1.582 1.442 2.056 64.04 75.61 69.83 1,124,880 2012 143,056,383 1,902,084 1,906,335 -4,251 13.3 13.3 0.0 2.0 1.691 1.541 2.215 64.56 75.86 70.24 1,063,982 2013 143,347,959 1,895,822 1,871,809 24,013 13.3 13.0 0.2 2.0 1.707 1.551 2.264 65.14 76.31 70.77 1,012,399 2014 143,666,931 1,942,683 1,912,347 30,336 13.3 13.0 0.3 17.8 1.750 1.588 2.318 65.29 76.49 70.93 929,9632015 146,267,288 1,940,579 1,908,541 32,038 13.3 13.1 0.2 1.7 1.777 1.678 2.111 65.92 76.71 71.39 848,1802016 146,544,710 1,888,729 1,891,015 -2,286 12.9 12.9 0.0 1.8 1.762 1.672 2.056 66.50 77.06 71.87 836,6112017 146,804,374 1,690,307 1,826,125 -135,818 11.5 12.4 -0.9 1.4 1.621 1.527 1.923 67.51 77.64 72.70 779,8482018 146,880,432 1,604,344 1,828,910 -224,566 10.9 12.5 -1.6 0.9 1.579 1.489 1.870 67.75 77.81 72.91 661,0452019 146,780,720   1,481,074 1,798,307 -317,233 10.1 12.3 -2.2 2.0 1.504 1.427 1.754 68.24 78.17 73.34 621,6522020 146,170,015 1,436,514 2,138,586 -702,072 9.8 14.6	 -4.8 0.6 1.505 1.433 1.739 66.49 76.43 71.54 553,5002021 145,557,576 1,398,253 2,441,594-1,043,341 9.6 16.8-7.2 3.0 1.505 1.436 1.734 65.51 74.51 70.06490,4192022 146,424,729	 1,304,087 1,898,644 -594,557 8.9 13.0 -4.1 10.0 1.416 1.36 1.59 67.60 77.79 72.762023 146,325,519 1,264,354 1,764,618 -500,264 8.6 12.1 -3.5 2.8    68.04 78.74 73.412024 146,150,800

Shaharda tugʻilganlarShaharda vafot etganlarShahardagi tabiiy oʻzgarishlarShahardagi oddiy tugʻilish darajasi (per 1,000)Shahardagi oddiy vafot etganlar darajasi (per 1,000)Shahardagi tabiiy darajasi (per 1,000)Qishloqda tugʻilganlarQishloqda vafot etganlarQishloqda tabiiy oʻzgarishlarQishloqda oddiy tugʻilish darajasi (per 1,000)Qishloqda oddiy vafot etganlar darajasi (per 1,000)Qishloqda tabiiy darajasi (per 1,000) 1950 1,171,250 436,792 734,458 26.1 9.7 16.4 1,574,747 594,218 980,529 27.5 10.4 17.1 1960 1,332,812 436,709 896,103 20.4 6.7 13.7 1,449,541 449,831 1,000,160 26.5 8.2 18.3 1970 1,205,207 646,129 559,078 14.8 7.9 6.9 698,506 485,054 213,452 14.3 10.0 4.3 1980 1,535,723 970,256 565,467 15.8 10.0 5.8 667,056 555,499 111,557 16.1 13.4 2.7 1990 1,386,247 1,140,613 245,634 12.7 10.5 2.2 602,611 515,380 87,231 15.5 13.2 2.3 1995 933,460 1,554,182 −620,722 8.7 14.4 −5.7 430,346 649,269 −219,283 10.9 16.5 −5.6 2000 886,908 1,564,034 −677,126 8.3 14.6 −6.3 379,892 661,298 −281,406 9.8 17.1 −7.3 2001 928,642 1,592,254 −663,612 8.7 14.9 −6.2 382,962 662,602 −279,640 10.0 17.3 −7.3 2002 998,056 1,638,822 −640,766 9.4 15.4 −6.0 398,911 693,450 −294,539 10.5 18.2 −7.7 2003 1,050,565 1,657,569 −607,004 9.9 15.6 −5.7 426,736 708,257 −281,521 11.1 18.4 −7.3 2004 1,074,247 1,606,894 −532,647 10.1 15.2 −5.1 428,230 688,508 −260,278 11.2 18.1 −6.9 2005 1,036,870 1,595,762 −558,892 9.8 15.1 −5.3 420,506 708,173 −287,667 11.0 18.6 −7.6 2006 1,044,540 1,501,245 −456,705 10.0 14.3 −4.3 435,097 665,458 −230,361 11.4 17.4 −6.0 2007 1,120,741 1,445,411 −324,670 10.7 13.8 −3.1 489,381 635,034 −145,653 12.9 16.7 −3.8 2008 1,194,820 1,443,529 −248,709 11.4 13.8 −2.4 519,127 632,425 −113,298 13.7 16.7 −3.0 2009 1,237,615 1,397,591 −159,976 11.8 13.3 −1.5 524,072 612,952 −88,880 13.9 16.3 −2.4 2010 1,263,893 1,421,734 −157,841 12.0 13.5 −1.5 520,055 606,782 −81,727 14.0 16.1 −2.1 2011 1,270,047 1,356,696 −88,649 12.0 12.8 −0.8 526,582 569,024 −42,442 14.1 15.2 −1.1 2012 1,355,674 1,353,635 2,039 12.8 12.8 0.0 546,410 552,700 −6,290 14.7 14.8 −0.1 2013 1,357,310 1,332,505 24,805 12.8 12.5 0.3 538,512 539,304 −792 14.5 14.5 −0.0 2014 1,394,860 1,362,810 32,050 12.9 12.6 0.3 547,823 549,537 −1,714 14.4 14.5 −0.1 2015 1,455,283 1,361,891 93,392 13.4 12.6 0.8 485,296 546,650 −61,354 12.8 14.4 −1.6 2016 1,426,591 1,354,944 71,597 13.1 12.4 0.7 462,138 536,071 −73,933 12.2 14.2 −2.0 2017 1,269,527 1,310,235 −40,708 11.6 12.0 −0.4 420,780 515,890 −95,110 11.2 13.7 −2.5 2018 1,205,231 1,317,703 −112,472 11.0 12.0 −1.0 399,113 511,207 −112,094 10.6 13.6 −3.0 2019 1,115,337 1,301,650 −186,313 10.2 11.9 −1.7 365,737 496,657 −130,920 9.8 13.3 −3.5 2020 1,079,887 1,568,773 −488,886 9.9 14.4 −4.5 356,627 569,813 −213,186 9.6 15.3 −5.7 2021 1,047,736 1,799,381 −751,645 9.6 16.5 −6.9 350,522 642,218 −291,696 9.5 17.5 −7.9

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