انجینئرنگ کی شاخوں کی فہرست

ہندسیات (Engineering) وہ نظم و ضبط اور پیشہ ہے جو سائنسی نظریات، ریاضیاتی طریقوں اور تجرباتی شواہد کو حفاظتی، انسانی عوامل، طبعی قوانین، ضوابط، عملیت اور لاگت سے واقف تکنیکی حل ڈیزائن کرنے، بنانے اور تجزیہ کرنے کے لیے لاگو کرتا ہے۔ عصری دور میں، انجینئرنگ کو عام طور پر برقی ہندسیات، میکانی ہندسیات، مدنی ہندسیات اور کیمیائی ہندسیات کی بڑی بنیادی شاخوں پر مشتمل سمجھا جاتا ہے۔Julie Thompson Klein, Robert Frodeman, Carl Mitcham. The Oxford Handbook of Interdisciplinary. اوکسفرڈ یونیورسٹی پریس, 2010. (pp. 149–150) انجینئرنگ کے متعدد دیگر ذیلی مضامین اور بین الضابطہ مضامین ہیں جو انجینئرنگ کی ان بڑی شاخوں کا حصہ ہو بھی سکتے ہیں اور نہیں بھی۔

 برقی انجینئری 
برقی انجینئری میں برق، برقیات اور برقی مقناطیسیت کا مطالعہ اور اطلاق شامل ہے۔

• پاور انجینئرنگ

• برقیاتی انجینئرنگ

• کمپیوٹر انجینئرنگ

• بصری انجینئرنگ

• قابل تجدید توانائی کی انجینئرنگ
 ذیلی شعبے دائرہ کار تخصص برقیاتی انجینئرنگ کم طاقت والے الیکٹریکل سرکٹس (الیکٹرانک سرکٹس) سے متعلق آلات کا ڈیزائن اور تیاری جو فعال اجزاء جیسے سیمی کنڈکٹر ڈیوائسز کا استعمال کرتے ہیں۔ کنٹرول انجینئرنگ، ڈائنامک سسٹمز کی ماڈلنگ اور برقی سرکٹس، ڈیجیٹل سگنل پروسیسرز اور مائیکرو کنٹرولرز کا استعمال کرتے ہوئے کنٹرولرز کے ڈیزائن پر توجہ مرکوز کرتی ہے۔ 
 ٹیلی کمیونیکیشن انجینئرنگ، مواصلاتی چینلز کے ذریعے معلومات کی ترسیل اور پروسیسنگ پر توجہ مرکوز کرتی ہے جو طبعی دنیا میں لاگو برقی مقناطیسیت کے استعمال سے بنائے جاتے ہیں اور اکثر وائرڈ اور وائرلیس میں تقسیم ہوتے ہیں۔ 
 الیکٹرونکس ایک وسیع انجینئرنگ فیلڈ کو ظاہر کرتا ہے جو ذیلی فیلڈز جیسے اینالاگ الیکٹرانکس، ڈیجیٹل الیکٹرانکس، کنزیومر الیکٹرانکس، ایمبیڈڈ سسٹمز اور پاور الیکٹرانکس کا احاطہ کرتا ہے۔ الیکٹرانکس انجینئرنگ بہت سے متعلقہ شعبوں میں تیار کردہ ایپلی کیشنز، اصولوں اور الگورتھم کے نفاذ سے متعلق ہے، مثال کے طور پر سالڈ سٹیٹ فزکس، ریڈیو انجینئرنگ، ٹیلی کمیونیکیشن، کنٹرول سسٹم، سگنل پروسیسنگ، سسٹم انجینئرنگ، کمپیوٹر انجینئرنگ، انسٹرومینٹیشن انجینئرنگ، الیکٹرک پاور کنٹرول، روبوٹکس اور بہت سے دوسرے۔ کمپیوٹر انجینئرنگ The design and control of computing devices with the application of electrical systems. It involves the study of hardware and software systems that can process information, as well as digital logic design, computer architecture, and programming languages.  سافٹ ویئر انجینئرنگ, the application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation, and maintenance of software and the study of these approaches; that is, the application of engineering and کمپیوٹر سائنس to software.
 کمپیوٹر انجینئرنگ, designing, developing, and testing various computer equipment. Can range from circuit boards and microprocessors to routers.
 کمپیوٹر نیٹ ورک, designing, deploying, and maintaining computer networks, such as corporate networks or the Internet. پاور انجینئرنگ The generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity and the design and maintenance of devices such as transformers, switchgear, electric generators, electric motors, high-voltage engineering, and power electronics. Power system planning, involves the modelling of power systems to analyse the management of current and future electricity demand
 Power system design, the development of a specific solution to address a power need, such as a new substation, a new power line, power system protection and so on
 Power system operations and control, involves plant and system operation, where protocols for the safe and continuous operation of individual equipment, subsystems, power plants, or the whole power system are developed and applied
 Protection and control, involves the design of power system protection, measurements, metering, ٹیلی مواصلات, and so on
 High voltage engineering, involves the understanding of electromagnetic phenomena of large voltages and currents (such as partial discharge), as applied to the holistic power system design and its components, such as مبدّلs, موٹر, برقی مولّد, switchgear, to create coordination and harmony بصری انجینئرنگ The design of instruments and systems that utilize the properties of electromagnetic radiation. Optoelectronics
 نوریات
 Optomechanics قابل تجدید توانائی کی انجینئرنگ The design and maintenance of renewable energy devices such as those involved in solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. 

 میکانکی انجینئری 
میکانکی انجینئری comprises the design and analysis of heat and mechanical power for the operation of machines and mechanical systems.Clifford, Michael. An Introduction to Mechanical Engineering. Taylor & Francis Group LLC, 2006. 

 Subdiscipline Scope Major specialties Acoustics engineering Concerns the manipulation and control of vibration, especially vibration isolation and the reduction of unwanted sounds. Architectural Acoustics
 Psychoacoustics
 Underwater AcousticsManufacturing engineering Concerns dealing with different manufacturing practices and the research and development of systems, processes, machines, اوزار and equipment.  Musical instruments
 دستی اوزار
 Cleaning tools
 Cutting and خراشی مسالا tools
 Forestry tools and equipment
 Garden tools
 باورچی خانہ tools
 مشین اوزار and metalworking tools
 Power tools
 چوب کاری, Woodworking machine
 Balancing machine
 Electrical discharge machining
 Loom
 Pumpjack
 طباعت
 شخصی حفاظتی آلات Optomechanical engineering Field-specific to the mechanical aspects of optical systems. Includes design, packaging, mounting and alignment mechanisms specific to بصریات.University of Arizona OPTI 421/521: Introductory Optomechanical Engineering Fiber optics
 لیزر
 دوربینs
 کیمراs
 Optical instrumentation Thermal engineering Concerns heating or cooling of processes, equipment, or enclosed environments. ایئر کنڈیشنگ
 خنک کاری
 حرارت, ventilating Sports engineering Is a field of engineering that involves the design, development, and testing of sports equipment. The equipment used by athletes has always gone through technological design and development based on current knowledge and understanding. Vehicle engineering The design, manufacture, and operation of the systems and equipment that propel and control vehicles. خودمحرکی ہندسیات, سائیکلs, موٹر سائیکلs, کارs, buses and trucks and new telecommunication vehicles
 بحری ہندسیات, marine vehicles and structures
 ہوافضائی انجینئری, طیارہs, ہیلی کاپٹرs, ڈرون (بغیر پائلٹ کی فضائی گاڑی) and خلائی جہاز
 بحری انجینئرنگ, boats, ships, oil rigs and other marine vessels or structures, بحری انجینئرنگ
 Railway engineering dealing with the design, construction, and operation of all types of rail transport systems.Power plant engineeringField of engineering that designs, constructs, and maintains different types of بجلی گھرs. Serves as the prime mover to produce electricity. Geothermal power plants
 Coal-fired power plants
 پن بجلیs
 Diesel engine (ICE) power plants
 Tidal power plants
 Wind turbine power plants
 Solar power plantsIndustrial plant engineeringField of engineering that designs, constructs, and maintains different types of Industrial Machines and Equipment.  Air compressors
 Pumps
 Fans and blowers
 Conveyors
 Elevators
 متحرک زینہ
 Pneumatics
 ماقوائیات
 Gears, springs, screws, bolts, flywheel, machine components
 Piping systemsEnergy engineering  Energy efficiency, energy services, facility management, plant engineering, environmental compliance, and energy production. Energy efficiency of buildings and manufacturing processes, employing advances in lighting, insulation, and heating/cooling properties. 

 مدنی انجینئری 
مدنی ہندسیات comprises the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and natural built environments.

 Subdiscipline Scope Major specialties ماحولیاتی ہندسیات The application of engineering to the improvement and protection of the environment. Ecological engineering, the design, monitoring, and construction of ecosystems
 Fire protection engineering, the application of engineering to protect people and environments from fire and smoke
 Sanitary engineering, the application of engineering methods to improve sanitation of human communitiesMunicipal or urban engineeringDeals with municipal issues such as water and waste management, transportation networks, subdivisions, communications, hydrology, hydraulics, etc. Irrigation EngineeringIrrigation engineering is a very broad activity in the subject of civil engineering. Irrigation engineering is in charge of organising, planning, and maintaining irrigation systems for the transportation and distribution of water to residential and agricultural locations which may include diverting water from dams, canals, and rivers as well as supervising the installation of pipes, sprinklers, and other irrigation equipment. Irrigation and Drainage Engineering Irrigation and Drainage Engineering deals with the application of engineering principles to support useful plant life, with minimum degradation of soil and water resources. Geotechnical engineering Concerned with the behavior of earth materials and soil and rock mechanics at the site of a civil engineering project. Mining engineering involves the science, technology, and practice of extracting and processing minerals from a naturally occurring environment. Structural engineering The engineering of structures that support or resist structural loads. ارتھ کوئیک انجینئرنگ, the behavior of structures subject to seismic loading
 Wind engineering, the analysis of باد and its effects on the built environment
 معماری ہندسیات, application of engineering principles to building design and construction
 Ocean engineering, the design of offshore structures Transport engineering The use of engineering to ensure the safe and efficient transportation of people and goods. Traffic engineering, a branch of transportation engineering focusing on the infrastructure necessary for transportation
 Highway engineering, a branch of engineering that deals with major roadways and transportation systems involving automobiles. Highway engineering usually involves the construction and design of highways.
 Railway engineering, a branch of engineering that deals with major railways and transportation systems involving trains. مائیات Prediction, planning, development, and management of water resources. Hydraulic engineering, concerned with the flow and conveyance of fluids, principally water; intimately related to the design of pipelines, water supply networks, drainage facilities (including bridges, بندs, levees, channels, culverts, storm sewers) and canals.
 River engineering, is the process of planned human intervention in the course, characteristics, or flow of a river with the intention of producing some defined benefit—to manage the water resources, to protect against flooding, or to make passage along or across rivers easier.
 Coastal engineering, the study of the processes ongoing at the shoreline and construction within the coastal zone, often directed at combating erosion of coasts or providing navigational access. 
 Groundwater engineering, involves the analysis, monitoring and often modeling of groundwater sources to better understand how much remains and if the water can be used for e.g. recharging reservoirs and آبپاشی.

 کیمیائی انجینئری 

کیمیائی ہندسیات is the application of chemical, physical, and biological sciences to the process of converting raw materials or chemicals into more useful or valuable forms.

 Subdiscipline Scope Major specialties Biomolecular engineering The application of engineering principles to study and manipulate biological systems at the molecular level. Molecular engineering studies behavior and interactions at a molecular level 
 وراثی ہندسیات works with modification and manipulation of an organism's genes  اموادی علم The selection, synthesis, and design of materials used in chemical processes and the study of properties of various materials and their interactions with different chemicals. دھات کاری studies the behavior and interactions of دھاتs 
 خزافتی ہندسیات studies inorganic, non-metallic materials
 پولیمر انجینئرنگ focuses on design and analysis of پولیمر materials 
 Crystal engineering works with the design and synthesis of molecular solid-state structures
 Corrosion engineering works with managing corrosion Process engineering Focuses on the design, operation, control, and optimization of chemical processes, including natural and man-made materials, the interaction of materials with machines, safety and health, energy conservation, and waste and pollution control.

 بین الضابطہ 
 Discipline Scope Major specialties Geological engineering A discipline of engineering concerned with the application of geological science and engineering principles to fields, such as civil engineering, mining, environmental engineering, and forestry, among others. The work of geological engineers often directs or supports the work of other engineering disciplines such as assessing the suitability of locations for civil engineering, environmental engineering, mining operations, and oil and gas projects by conducting geological, geoenvironmental, geophysical, and geotechnical studies. Geophysical engineering
 Geoenvironmental and hydrogeological engineering
 Geotechnical and rock engineering
 Mineral and energy resource exploration engineering زرعی ہندسیات Farm power and machinery, biological material processes, bioenergy, farm structures, and agricultural natural resources. Aquaculture engineering, cultured aquatic species and their production systems 
 ہندسیاتِ حیاتیاتی نظامات, broad term to encompass aspects of agricultural and biological engineering
 ہندسیاتِ حیاتیاتی نظامات, broad term to encompass aspects of agricultural and biological engineering
 Biomechanical engineering
 Bioprocess engineering, products from biological materials
 Bioresource engineering
 حیاتیاتی ٹیکنالوجی
 Ecological engineering, ecosystems
 فوڈ انجینئرنگ, food processing, food machinery, packaging, ingredient manufacturing, instrumentation and control.
 Forest engineering
 Health and safety engineering
 Natural resources engineering
 Machinery systems engineering
 Information & electrical systems engineering Applied engineeringSystems integration, manufacturing and management."ATMAE Membership Venn Diagram" . atmae.org خود کار سازی/control systems/میکاٹرونکس/روبالیات
 Computer-aided drawing and design (کمپیوٹر امدادی ڈیزائن)
 تعمیر
 برقیات
 General
 گرافکس
 نینو ٹیکنالوجی طبی حیاتی ہندسیات, قزمہ طب Medicine and healthcare biology, biocompatible prostheses, diagnostic and therapeutic devices ranging from clinical equipment to micro-implants, imaging equipment such as مقناطیسی اصدائی تصویرہ and برقی دماغی تخطیط, tissue regeneration, and pharmaceuticals. The increased utilization of nanotechnology across the existing areas of this branch has led to the specialization قزمہ طب. Bioinstrumentation, devices and tools used in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. 
 حیاتی اطلاعیات, digital tools to collect and analyze biomedical data, such as ڈی این اے 
 حیاتی میکانیات, motion, material deformation, transport of chemical substances across biological membranes and flow inside the body. Artificial heart valves, artificial kidneys and artificial hips.
 Biomaterial, materials implanted in the body 
 طبی حیاتی ہندسیات 
 Biosignal processing, recording, and processing biological signals for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, such as cardiac signals, کلام شناسی and brain activity 
 حیاتیاتی ٹیکنالوجی, use of living systems to make useful products such as pharmaceuticals and foods 
 Clinical engineering, hospital-related products, including data management, instruments and monitoring systems 
 Medical imaging, MRIs, EEGs, ultrasound, PET 
 Neural engineering, replacement/restoration of lost sensory and motor abilities, neurorobots, neuro electronics. 
 Pharmaceutical engineering, pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical delivery
 Rehabilitation engineering, products that aid individuals with physical and other impairments, to improve e.g., mobility, seating and communication
 Tissue engineering حیاتی ہندسیات The application of principles of biology and the tools of engineering to create usable, tangible, economically viable products. Bioacoustics
 Biochemical engineering, processes that involve biological organisms or molecules such as bioreactors
 حیاتی ہندسیات
 ہندسیاتِ حیاتیاتی نظامات, broad term to encompass aspects of agricultural and biological engineering
 ہندسیاتِ حیاتیاتی نظامات, broad term to encompass aspects of agricultural and biological engineering
 طبی حیاتی ہندسیات, the application of engineering principles and techniques to the medical and biological sciences
 حیاتیاتی ٹیکنالوجی
 Biomolecular engineering
 Bioresource engineering
 Bioprocess engineering
 حیاتی ہندسیات
 فوڈ انجینئرنگ
 وراثی ہندسیات, manipulate genes in organisms
 Food and biological process engineering
 Health and safety engineering
 خردوبینی حیاتیات
 Molecular engineering
 Protein engineering, protein synthesis
 Systems biology
 ترکیبی حیاتیاتBuilding services engineeringThe design, installation, operation, and monitoring of the technical services in buildings in order to ensure the safe, comfortable, and environmentally friendly operation. معماری ہندسیات
 میکانکی انجینئری 
 حرارت, ventilation and ایئر کنڈیشنگ 
 خنک کاری
 Public health engineering: پانی services, نکاس and plumbing
 برقی ہندسیات
 Lighting, including artificial and emergency lighting, low voltage systems, containment, distribution, distribution boards and switchgear
 آسمانی بجلی protection
 Security, video and alarm systems
 متحرک زینہs and رافعہ
 آگ engineering, including fire detection and fire protection
 Building façade engineering
 توانائی supply – gas, برق and قابل تجدید توانائی sources Energy engineering Energy efficiency, energy services, facility management, plant engineering, environmental compliance and energy production. Energy efficiency of buildings and manufacturing processes, employing advances in lighting, insulation and heating/cooling properties. Solar engineering, photovoltaic systems, solar thermal systems
 Wind engineering, wind turbines Geomatics engineeringThe design, development, and operation of systems for collecting and analyzing spatial information about the land, the oceans, natural resources, and manmade features. Survey engineering
 مساحیات
 Geospatial Information engineering Generation, distribution, analysis, and use of اطلاعات, ڈیٹا and دانش in systems. مشین آموزی
 ڈیٹا سائنس
 مصنوعی ذہانت
 Control theory
 عملیت اشارہ
 ٹیلی مواصلاتs
 ڈیجیٹل امیج پروسیسنگ
 نظریۂ اطلاعات
 کمپیوٹر ویژن
 Natural language processing
 حیاتی اطلاعیات
 Medical image computing
 خودتحکمی روبالہ
 Mobile robotics صنعتی انجینئرنگ Logistical and resource management systems Manufacturing engineering, tools, equipment, and processes
 Component engineering, optimal components to be subsequently assembled into products.
 Systems engineering, logistics, team coordination, machinery control 
 تعمیری ہندسیات, buildings and other structures
 حفاظتی انجینئرنگ, safe operation and safe failure modes
 Reliability engineering, product durability میکاٹرونکس Mechanical and electrical engineering hybrid روبالیات
 Instrumentation engineering
 Optomechatronics engineering
 Biomechatronics engineering
 طیر برقیات, the design of electronics and systems on board an aircraft or spacecraft Engineering management  Management of engineers and engineering processes Military engineering Military weapons and vehicles, such as artillery and tanks 
 لڑاکا انجینئرingMining engineering An engineering discipline that involves the science, technology, and practice of extracting and processing minerals from a naturally occurring environment.  Nanoengineering The introduction of nanotechnology into existing fields of engineering. نانومواد creating نانومواد
 قزمہ طب creating قزمہ طب (Biosensors, Tissue engineering, Drug delivery, etc.)
 Instrumentation engineering creating Nanosensors
 Electronic nanoengineering creating NanoelectronicsQuantum engineering The application of quantum theory to the design of materials and devices. Now gaining recognition as its own branch of engineering, but more traditionally associated with sub-disciplines of electrical and computer engineering, communications engineering, solid-state and semiconductor materials engineering, optical engineering and engineering physics. Quantum properties of نانومواد, nanoelectronics and nano-scale devices
 Semiconductor materials and semiconductor devices
 نوریات and quantum optics
 Quantum information systems and quantum cryptography
 کوانٹم کمپیوٹنگ Nuclear engineering Terrestrial and marine nuclear power plants  طبی طبیعیات
 Nuclear fuel
 نویاتی معمل design and control systems
 Radiation protection
 ایتلافی طاقت (نیوکلیائی) پیٹرولیم انجینئرنگ A field of انجینئری concerned with the activities related to the production of ہائیڈرو کاربن, which can be either پٹرولیم or قدرتی گیس. Petroleum engineers focus on studying subsurface formation properties and design and selection of equipment to maximize economic recovery of hydrocarbons from subsurface reservoirs. Petroleum geology and ارضی طبیعیات focus on the provision of a static description of the hydrocarbon reservoir rock, while petroleum engineering focuses on estimation of the recoverable volume of this resource using a detailed understanding of the physical behavior of oil, water, and gas within porous rock at very high pressure. Reservoir engineering, the flow of fluids in porous and permeable underground reservoirs and sub-surface stresses.
 Drilling engineering, well-drilling, cementation, and casing.
 Production engineering, design and selection of sub-surface equipment, surface facilities, and separation of well fluids.Project engineeringProject engineering includes all parts of the design of manufacturing or processing facilities, either new or modifications to and expansions of existing facilities. A "project" consists of a coordinated series of activities or tasks performed by engineers and designers.  A small project may be under the direction of a project engineer. Large projects are typically under the direction of a project manager or management team.  Project tasks typically consist of such things as performing calculations, writing specifications, preparing bids, reviewing equipment proposals and evaluating or selecting equipment, and developing and maintaining various lists (equipment and materials lists) and drawings (electrical, instrument, and piping schematics, physical layouts and other drawings used in construction).  Some facilities have in-house staff to handle small projects, while some major companies have a department that does internal project engineering. Large projects are typically contracted out to project engineering companies.  Staffing at engineering companies varies according to the workload and duration of employment may only last until an individual's tasks are completed. میکانکی انجینئری
 Process engineering 
 Instrumentation and control engineering
 مدنی ہندسیات
 Structural engineering
 ماحولیاتی ہندسیات
 برقی ہندسیات Railway engineering Railway systems, including wheeled and معلق مقناطیسی ریل systems. Train signaling and automatic train control. سافٹ ویئر انجینئرنگ  سافٹ ویئر انجینئرنگ the application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation, and maintenance of software and the study of these approaches; that is, the application of engineering and کمپیوٹر سائنس to software. Cryptographic engineering Cryptographic Engineering is the discipline of using cryptography to solve human problems. Cryptography is typically applied when trying to ensure data confidentiality, to authenticate people or devices, or to verify data integrity in risky environments.
 Information technology engineering, (ITE) or information engineering methodology (IEM) is a software engineering approach to designing and developing information systems. It can also be considered as the generation, distribution, analysis, and use of information in systems.
 Teletraffic engineering Telecommunications traffic engineering, teletraffic engineering, or traffic engineering is the application of traffic engineering theory to telecommunications. Teletraffic engineers use their knowledge of statistics including queuing theory, the nature of traffic, their practical models, their measurements, and simulations to make predictions and to plan telecommunication networks such as a telephone network or the Internet. These tools and knowledge help provide reliable service at a lower cost.
 Web engineering focuses on the methodologies, techniques, and tools that are the foundation of Web application development and which support their design, development, evolution, and evaluation. Web engineering is multidisciplinary and encompasses contributions from diverse areas such as systems analysis and design, software engineering, hypermedia/hypertext engineering, requirements engineering, human-computer interaction, user interface, information technology engineering, information indexing and retrieval, testing, modeling and simulation, project management and graphic design and presentation. Supply chain engineering  Supply chain engineering concerns the planning, design, and operation of supply chains. Logistics
 نرخ بندی
 Production Systems engineering  Systems engineering is an interdisciplinary field of engineering that focuses on how to design and manage complex engineering projects over their life cycles. Issues, such as reliability, logistics and coordination of different teams, evaluation measurement, and other disciplines become more difficult when dealing with large or complex projects.  
 Systems engineering deals with work-processes, optimization methods, and risk management tools. It overlaps technical and human-centered disciplines such as control engineering, industrial engineering, organizational studies, and project management. Systems engineering ensures that all likely aspects of a project or system are considered and integrated into a whole.کپڑا سازیTextile engineering courses deal with the application of scientific and engineering principles to the design and control of all aspects of fiber, textile, and apparel processes, products, and machinery. These include natural and man-made materials, interaction of materials with machines, safety and health, energy conservation, and waste and pollution control. Additionally, students are given experience in plant design and layout, machine and wet process design and improvement, and designing and creating textile products. Throughout the textile engineering curriculum, students take classes from other engineering disciplines including mechanical, chemical, materials, and industrial engineering. Apparel engineering
 کپڑا سازی
 Industrial & production engineering
 Textile engineering management
 Textile fashion & design
 Textile machinery design & maintenance
 Wet process engineering
 سوتCybersecurity EngineeringCybersecurity engineers identify threats and vulnerabilities in کمپیوٹر and سافٹ ویئر. These professionals are experts who implement secure network solutions to protect organizations' networks and data systems from ہیکنگ, cyberattacks and other forms of computer crime. Penetration testing: Cybersecurity engineers often evaluate an organization's computer networks, applications, and data systems for vulnerabilities.
 Network maintenance: Engineers may also install, test, and configure networks.
 IT system security: Engineers often spend time defining protocols and installing and configuring security devicesکلاؤڈ کمپیوٹنگکلاؤڈ کمپیوٹنگ engineers design, build, and manage scalable cloud infrastructure. 

 مزید دیکھیے 
• معاشرتی انجینئری

• مالیاتی انجینئری
 بیرونی روابط 

 حوالہ جات 

زمرہ:ہندسیاتی اختصاصات
زمرہ:ہندسیاتی پیشے