Nyumba ya Windsor

Nyumba ya Windsor ni nyumba iyo yikuwusa mu United Kingdom na vyaru vinyake vya Commonwealth. Zina la nyumba iyi likafuma ku malo ghakale gha Windsor Castle. Kwambira apo nyumba ya Windsor yikapangikira pa 17 July 1917, pakaŵa mafumu ghankhondi gha ku Britain: George V, Edward VIII, George VI, Elizabeth II, na Charles III. Ŵana na ŵanalume awo mbana ŵa Fumukazi Elizabeth II na Prince Philip, Duke wa Edinburgh, nawo mbana ŵa nyumba ya Oldenburg pakuti Philip wakababikira mu mbumba ya Glücksburg.

Themba ni mulongozgi wa vyaru 15. Vyaru ivi ni United Kingdom, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Belize, Canada, Grenada, Jamaica, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Solomon Islands, na Tuvalu. Padera pa maufumu ghakupambanapambana agha, paliso vyaru vinyake vitatu ivyo vikuwusika na boma la Britain, vyaru 14 vyakucemeka British Overseas Territories, vyaru viŵiri vyakucemeka New Zealand, na cigaŵa cinyake.

Mbili
Mu 1701, mpando wachifumu ukapelekeka kwa Sophia wa Hanover, uyo wakababikira mu nyumba ya Wittelsbach, wakatorana na nyumba ya Hanover, ndipo wakaŵa muzukuru wa James VI na I wa nyumba ya Stuart. Mu 1714, mwana wake George I, ndiyo wakayamba kuwusa, ndipo ufumu wa Hanover ukamba kuwusa kwa nyengo yitali. Paumaliro mu 1901, nyumba ya Saxe-Coburg na Gotha yikapoka ufumu wa Britain kufuma ku nyumba ya Hanover, ndipo themba Edward VII, mwana wa Fumukazi Victoria na Prince Albert wa Saxe-Coburg na Gotha ŵakamba kuwusa. Mu 1917, zina la nyumba yacifumu ya ku Britain likasinthika kufuma ku zina la ku Germany la Saxe-Coburg na Gotha kuya ku zina la ku England la Windsor, ndipo zina ili likafuma ku zina la nyumba yacifumu ya ku Berkshire.

Themba Edward VII na mwana wake, George V, nawo ŵakaŵa ŵa Saxe-Coburg na Gotha ŵa nyumba ya Wettin chifukwa cha mphapu yawo kufuma kwa Albert, Prince Consort, mfumu wa Fumukazi Victoria, themba laumaliro la Britain kufuma ku nyumba ya Hanover. Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Caru Cose yikati yacitika, ŵanthu ŵanandi ŵakamba kutinkhana na boma la Britain. Nkhondo iyi yikamba mu 1917, apo ndege ya Gotha G.IV, iyo yikaŵa na nkhongono ya kwambuka nyanja ya English Channel, yikamba kuphulika na mabomba ku London. Pa 15 Malici, mubali wa mfumu George, uyo wakaŵa fumu ya Russia, zina lake Nicholas II, wakacicizgika kuleka kuwusa, ndipo ivi vikapangiska kuti ŵanthu ŵambe kughanaghana kuti maufumu ghose gha ku Europe ghangamara. Paumaliro, themba na mbumba yake ŵakazomerezgeka kuleka mazina ghose gha ufumu wa Germany na kusintha mazina gha nyumba na mazina gha mazina gha ŵanthu ŵa ku Germany kuti ghaŵe gha Cingelezi. Ntheura, pa Julayi 17, 1917, George V wakapharazga kuti:

Ntheura, ise, na khumbo lithu na mazaza ghithu, tikupharazga kuti kufuma pa zuŵa ilo tikapharazgira, nyumba yithu na mbumba yithu yichemekenge Nyumba ya Windsor, ndipo ŵana wose ŵa sekuru withu, Fumukazi Victoria, awo mbanthu ŵa mu Ufumu uwu, padera pa ŵana ŵawo ŵanakazi awo ŵali kutora panji kutengwa, ŵazamuchemeka na zina la Windsor.

Zina ili likaŵa na kukolerana kwa nyengo yitali na ufumu wa ku Britain, mu tawuni ya Windsor, Berkshire, na Windsor Castle; kukolerana uku kukuyowoyeka mu Round Tower of Windsor Castle. Mubali Arthur Bigge, uyo wakaŵa Baroni wakwamba wa Stamfordham, ndiyo wakambiska nkhani iyi. Wakati wapulika kuti mubali wake wasintha zina la nyumba yacifumu ya ku Britain kuŵa Windsor ndipo pakuyowoya za buku la Shakespeare lakuti The Merry Wives of Windsor, Themba la ku Germany Wilhelm II likayowoya mwakuseka kuti likakhumbanga kuwona "The Merry Wives of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha".

George V wakazomerezgaso kuti ŵabwezi ŵake ŵa ku Britain pera ndiwo ŵaŵenge na mazina gha ufumu, ndipo mu 1919, wakawuskapo mazina gha ŵabwezi ŵake ŵatatu ŵa ku Germany.

Ŵana na ŵanalume awo ŵakafuma kwa Fumukazi Elizabeth II na Prince Philip nawo ŵali ku nyumba ya Oldenburg chifukwa Philip wakababikira ku Glücksburg.

 Mndandanda wa mafumu 

 Chithuzi Zina Mawilo Ulamulili Uvwali Mwanakazi Mafwilo Wakutola ufumu100pxGeorge V3 June 1865Marlborough House6 May 191020 January 1936(25 years, 259 days) 22 June 1911Mary of Teck20 January 1936Sandringham House(aged 70 years, 231 days)Son of Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark100pxEdward VIII23 June 1894White Lodge, Richmond Park20 January 193611 December 1936(326 days) CancelledNone 28 May 19724 Route du Champ d'Entraînement(aged 77 years, 340 days)Sons of George V and Mary of Teck100pxGeorge VI14 December 1895York Cottage11 December 19366 February 1952(15 years, 57 days) 12 May 1937Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon6 February 1952Sandringham House(aged 56 years, 54 days)100pxElizabeth II21 April 192617 Bruton Street, Mayfair6 February 19528 September 2022(70 years, 214 days) 2 June 1953Philip of Greece and Denmark8 September 2022Balmoral Castle(aged 96 years, 140 days)Daughter of George VI and Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon100pxCharles III14 November 1948Buckingham Palace8 September 2022present()6 May 2023Camilla ShandLiving(age )Son of Elizabeth IIand Philip of Greece and Denmark

 Mamembala 

Mu 1917, boma likapharazga kuti mazina gha mbumba yacifumu na ŵana wose ŵa Victoria na Albert ŵa ku Britain ŵaŵenge na zina la Windsor, kupaturako ŵanakazi awo ŵakutorana na ŵa mu mbumba zinyake.

Descendants of Elizabeth II
Mu 1947, Princess Elizabeth (uyo wakazakakhala Queen Elizabeth II), uyo wakadangira kwa King George VI, wakatorana na Philip Mountbatten (uyo wakababika Prince Philip wa Greece na Denmark), wa nyumba ya Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg,[1] nthambi ya nyumba ya Oldenburg. Myezi yicoko waka pambere ŵandatorane, Philip wakaleka mazina ghacifumu na kwamba kucemeka na zina la Mountbatten, zina la wiske wa anyina, Earl Mountbatten wa ku Burma, ndipo zina ili likapelekeka na adada ŵa Lord Mountbatten (agogo ŵa pa mama ŵa Philip), Prince Louis wa ku Battenberg, mu 1917. Zina ili likung'anamulika kufuma ku zina Lachihebere lakuti Battenberg, ilo likung'anamura tawuni ya Battenberg ku Hesse.

Elizabeth wakati waŵa fumukazi mu 1952, Lord Mountbatten wakawona kuti sono nyumba ya Mountbatten ndiyo yikaŵa na mazaza, cifukwa cakuti cikaŵa cizgoŵi kuti muwoli wa mu nthengwa watore zina la mfumu wake. A gogo ŵa Elizabeth, a Queen Mary, ŵakati ŵapulika mazgu agha, ŵakaphalira nduna yikuru ya Britain, Winston Churchill, ndipo pamasinda iyo wakalangura Fumukazi kuti yipeleke dango lakuti nyumba yacifumu yilutilire kumanyikwa na zina lakuti Nyumba ya Windsor. Pa 9 Epulero 1952, wakalemba kuti: "Ni khumbo lane kuti ine na ŵana ŵane tiŵenge na zina lakuti Nyumba ya Windsor, ndipo ŵana ŵane ŵaŵenge na zina la nyumba ya Windsor, padera pa ŵana ŵanakazi awo ŵakutorana na ŵana ŵawo". Philip wakajiŵeyelera kuti, "Ndine cinthu cambura kuzirwa. Ndine pera mu caru ici uyo wakuzomerezgeka yayi kupeleka zina lake ku ŵana ŵake". 

Pa 8 February 1960, vyaka vinyakhe vikati vyajumphapo kufuma apo Queen Mary wakafwira na apo Churchill wakafumapo pa udindo wake, The Queen wakasimikizga kuti iye na ŵana ŵake ŵalutilirenge kumanyikwa na mazina gha "Nyumba na Banja la Windsor", nga ni umo ŵana wose ŵa mfumu panji muwoli wake (kuyana na mzere wa ŵanalume, panji patrilineality) awo ŵakukondwera na mazina gha Royal Highness na mazina gha kalonga panji mfumukazi. Ndipouli, Elizabeti wakalanguraso kuti ŵana ŵake awo ŵalije mazina agha ŵaŵenge na zina lakuti Mountbatten-Windsor.

Ici cikacitika pamanyuma pa kulemberana makalata kwa myezi yicoko waka pakati pa nduna yikuru ya caru ici, Harold Macmillan, na Edward Iwi, nkhwantha ya malango. Iwi wakalongosora kuti mwana wa themba uyo wazamubabika mu Febuluwale 1960 wazamuŵa na "Badge of Bastardy" usange wamupika zina la anyina (Windsor) m'malo mwa zina la awiske (Mountbatten). Macmillan wakayezga kuti waleke kuzunura zina la Iwi, m'paka apo Fumukazi yikaphalira Rab Butler mu Janyuwale 1960 kuti kwa nyengo yitali mtima wake ukaŵa pa kusintha zina ili, Mountbatten. Wakakhumbanga kuti wasinthe pambere wandababike. Nkhani iyi yikaŵakhwaska yayi Charles na Anne, pakuti ŵakababikira ku Mountbatten pambere Queen Elizabeth wandaŵe themba. 4] Prince Andrew wakababika pamanyuma pa mazuŵa 11, pa 19 February 1960.

Themba lililose la munthazi lingasintha zina la fuko ili na dango lakuyana waka, nga umo dango la ufumu la ku United Kingdom likuyowoyera.The Royal Family name , Royal Household, retrieved 24 April 2016

Mndando wa mbumba

   Ŵanthu awo ŵali na vilembo viswesi mbamoyo
   Ŵanthu awo ŵali na malemba ghafipa mbakufwa
   Para mphaka zalembeka mwakujumphizga vikulongora kuti ni ŵana ŵa mafumu gha ku Britain

 Maufumu agho ghakalamuliranga 
Nyumba ya Windsor yikati yaŵikika, mulongozgi wake ndiyo wakawusanga Ufumu wa Britain. Kweni Nkhondo Yakwamba ya Caru Cose yikati yamara, vinthu vikasintha ndipo vyaru ivyo vikaŵa pasi pa Britain vikazgoka vyakupambanapambana. Mu 1926, boma la Britain likazomerezga vyakuti ŵanthu ŵaŵe na mazina gha ufumu. Mu 1927, boma la Britain likazomerezga vyakuti ŵanthu ŵaŵe na mazina gha maudindo. Nyumba ya Windsor yikamanyikwanga nga ni mbumba ya ufumu wa vyaru vinandi vyambura kujilamulila, ndipo unandi wa nyumba izi ukasinthanga nyengo yitali, apo maufumu ghanyake ghakazgoka ma republica ndipo maufumu ghanyake ghakazgoka ma kingdom, ma republica, panji ma monarchy. 7 Kwambira mu 1949, mafumu ghatatu gha ku nyumba ya Windsor, George VI, Elizabeth II na Charles III, nawo ŵanguŵa Mutu wa Commonwealth of Nations, iyo yikusazgapo vigaŵa vinandi vya ufumu wakale wa Britain na maufumu ghanyake agho ghakaŵako cara.

 Charu Nyengo Antigua and Barbuda 1981–present Australia 1917–present Bahamas 1973–present Barbados 1966–2021 Belize 1981–present Canada 1917–present Ceylon 1948–1972 Fiji 1970–1987 The Gambia 1965–1970 Ghana 1957–1960 Grenada 1974–present Guyana 1966–1970 India 1947–1950 Irish Free State 1922–1936 Jamaica 1962–present Malawi 1964–1966 Malta 1964–1974 Mauritius 1968–1992 New Zealand 1917–presentDominion of Newfoundland1917-1949 Nigeria 1960–1963 Dominion of Pakistan 1947–1956 Papua New Guinea 1975–present Saint Kitts and Nevis 1983–present Saint Lucia 1979–present Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1979–present Sierra Leone 1961–1971 Solomon Islands 1978–present South Africa 1917–1961 Tanganyika 1961–1962 Trinidad and Tobago 1962–1976 Tuvalu 1978–present Uganda 1962–1963 United Kingdom 1917–present

Wonaniso
 List of current British princes and princesses
 British royal family
 Monarchy of Canada § Royal family and house
 British prince
 British princess
 Descendants of George V
 Succession to the British throne
 Nyumba ya Natoli

Vyakulemba vinyake

Ukaboni

 Kuŵazga vinandi 
 Longford, Elizabeth Harman (Countess of Longford). The Royal House of Windsor. Revised ed. Crown, 1984.
 Roberts, Andrew. The House of Windsor. University of California Press, 2000.

Pa intaneti

 Royal Family name from royal.uk
 House of Windsor from royal.uk
 House of Windsor Tree from royal.gov.uk (Lord Culloden & Albert+Leopold Windsor are missing)